no other in the Heart for it is sufficient by touching the Arteries to know the vital strength especially in regard the motion of the pulse is answerable to that of the Heart Also the Defect of the Heart is known by the breathing In the pangs of Death there is extream weakness Extream weakness in the hour of death which is more or less longer or shorter In which although the conflict between life and death or Convulsions the Members are moved yet the strength is gone And the pulse intermitteth and ceaseth like the flame of a Candles end that somtimes blazeth with a little refreshment from the grease but goeth out again when that is wanting And the motion of the Heart and Breathing are much stirred up in the Agony before they cease so that the whol breast is shaken and the Nostrils moved the body sweats and farteth which caused the Poets to say the Soul went out And death being at hand the heat leaves the external remote parts as Hands Feet Nose by degrees and the rest while the breast is warm a while til all the breath ceaseth the mouth and Eyes remaining open and the body turned like a clay colour we are certain the Soul hath left the body Sometimes while the man liveth the strength is taken away for a time Syncope or Swooning and all the Functions of the whol body suddenly Pulse and Motion ceasing so that it cannot be felt at least In the Disease called Deliquium Lipothymy or Lipopsychy in Greek if it be great 't is called Syncope And then all breath is gone so that you cannot perceive it by a Feather applied to the Nose or the like which may be stopped in this case only during the Fit while the motion of the heart is staied and hath no need of Breathing without Death But while the the Heart moveth it cannot want Breath because it procureth vital spirits In this Syncope they fall suddenly only with a noise in the Ears or hissing the strength being lost as in an Apoplexy if the Syncope be great but they differ in this that in the Apoplexy the Heart and Arteries beat and they breath though with difficulty and obscurity There is also a cold sweat called Snycoptical or Diaphoretick not from the digested substance of solid things but from the conflict of nature and the dissipation of the Spirits which is so great that not only thin humors but also the Dung and Urin break forth And because then heat vanisheth from the outward parts there is a cold sweat remaining and a paleness all over in those places that should be red by nature shewing it self first in the Lipps Somtimes there is a particular weakness when the internal or external Organs are deprived Particular weakness and it is called the weakness of that part not every weakness that comes from a Disease but as shal be shewed in the causes that which comes from the loss of the flourishing vertue Such as is sometimes in the Stomach Liver Brain Eyes Joynts or Members which shal be spoken of in those accidents which are produced thereby The Causes The Cause of all failing of strength The cause of all want of strength is in the vital spirit in man when it is not nourished with another spirit or moisture or consumed fainting and weakness of particular parts dependeth upon the inbred and inhaerent spirit of the similary parts which makes the spiritual substance of parts as they call it and giveth living vertue or life and strength and heat which is natural This natural spirit or heat being inbred in every substance of parts as in the Heart which though it abound with other yet hath this in it as necessary for life hath need to be continually nourished and renewed by the vital spirit made in the left ventricle of the Heart and communicated to all the parts by the Arteries as to the substance of the Heart by the coronary Arteries called the influent spirit that it might be the matter that sustains the innate spirit and because it easily disperseth it ought to be in great plenty through the body And hence is it that the heart being the shop where that spirit is made alwaies stands in need of Air and Blood whereof it is made Wherefore if they be wanting or but little there is one cause why strength faileth As when for want of breath the heart wants Air then Death follows except its motion were hindered by other causes as shal be shewed in the causes of swooning Because the Heart being dilated by motion often not filled with matter for vital sptrits dieth And this cannot befall it while it moveth not because it may subsist a while with its own spirits as other parts So we shewed in a Syncope wherein they revive after a long stopping of the breath But seeing Blood mixed with Air in the Lungs affordeth fit matter for animal spirits if it be consumed by great want of nourishment or Arrophy or stopped in the Vessels so that it cometh not to the parts there must be weakness But no man living can be so without blood that the Lungs should be so empty which usualhave so much or the Vessels that are so large by which the Blood is carried with Air from the Heart should be so obstructed Only strength fails in this respect that spirits are not made or being made they are suddenly dissipated which causeth the innate spirits to subsist no longer And that either when they altogether vanish and leave the body as in the Agony of Death or they depart for a time from the Heart and return again as in swooning Or when they are fewer then are necessary as in Weakness Also strength must needs fail when there is want of substance making moisture in regard the innate spirit is nourished not only with the infinent spirit but by radical moisture which consumeth dayly And so it is the occasion of Death or Weeknesâ— as it is wanting in the Heart where it is the proper nourishment of the spirit or in any other parts But if the innate spirit caâ—â—ed the spiritual substance of the parts or called the natural heat be extinguished or weakened or any part cold Then if it be in the Heart which hath as I shewed its proper native heat or innate spirit besides the vital which it aboundeth with otherwise there had been no coronal Arteries and be spent Death follows but if it be diminished there is a general faintness of the whol body as a particular weakness of some other member if it be in them But now I shal shew what causeth the dissipation of both the innate spirit called native heat and of the Influent spirit by which it is susteined And how the humor that feeds it is consumed by natural and adventitious courses They who have more innate spirit or natural heat The constipation of radical moisture through age is the cause of weakness and radical moisture are more strong
and active and they who have less are weak and sooner die And when that flourishing humor is consumed like Oyl by the heat of the spirit by degrees in age men grow more weak and dry Among internal and external causes Diseases that dissipate the influent and fixed spirits are the cause of weakness all great Diseases dissipate the vital spirits if they continue long and at length consume the innate spirits with the radical moisture wherewith it is joyned from whence the weakness is more or less Great and often Evacuations either by chance or willingly Evacuations that dissipate the natural fixed and also the influent heat cause weakness or in Diseases exhaust and dissipate the spirits and abate strength especially if good humors be voidded as Seed in the running of the Reins or by Venery Also great bleeding purging by reason the stirring of the spirits abate strength as in Diarrhaea's and great and often sweating and much pissing Also the sudden effusion of things besides nature as of Water in the Dropsie matter in an Empiema doth weaken These violent excretions being painful as in a Dysentery weaken more Great pain which violently stirreth the spirits Pain moving the spirits causeth weakness to bring them to the part afflicted with the blood for help causeth weakness and if it be very great fainting Especialy if the part suffering Pain of the Mouth of the Stomack cause of Cardiaca or fainting have great affinity with the Heart Hence it is that they who have the Cardialgia or Heart pain are very weak by reason of the consent of the Stomach with the Heart and do easily faint this fainting is called Cardiaca And so it is in other painful and long Diseases Great and sudden Passions of the Mind Trembling of the Spirit is the cause of weakness fainting because then the spirits are carried in and out with force cause debility and somtimes fainting and death Thus we have seen some swoon with joy that hath thrown the spirits outward and have read that others have died so In anger the spirits are so inraged that they look red in the Face And when the spirits presently return as the paleness following sheweth they are in little danger of life but they are weakned thereby as appears by their trembling and there remains a weariness though anger be over Nor is the cause of men not dying with anger as with joy because angry men are stronger as is supposed in regard old men and sick men that are peevish are easily moved to anger But it often hapens that by great fear the spirits being violently moved some die and many are weakned And shame and bashfulness may cause the same by which they say Homer died Also if the passions be of long continuance and strong as sadness and fear and the like they stir the spirits with continual Cogitation and at length consum them and as they say dry the bones and this is a Consumption of the Spirits A strong and constant heat doth not only dissipate the spirits but consumes them Heat dissipating the spirits and consuming their nourishment is the cause of weakness and their nourishment as when the body is weakned by heat fire labor there is fainting somtimes And in Feavers it is so especially in a Causon or burning Feaver And in a Hectick the accidental heat of the heart though not great yet continuing devours the radical moisture of the heart and solid parts and the spirits and causeth weakness and Consumption A cold distemper quencheth the native heat Cold restraining the native heat is the cause of weakness or makes it less so some have been frozen to death And others have been killed with staying long in cold water Also some parts are benumed and blasted with cold or so weakned that they come not again to themselves And this may come to the Stomach by drinking cold water And hither may be referred those that for want of excercise bring not the native heat into action and grow stupid Also the parrs grow weak by using things inwardly and outwardly that are Potentially cold a long time they grow weak but the native heat is not wholly extinct as by actual cold Although hitherto it hath been believed to come from Narcoticks that are very cold which as we shewed do not kil by cooling but by stupefying the brain Nor do we grant that the Pores being obstructed that the heat is Suffocated for want of fanning or Eventilation for as we shewed the Skin hath Pores not to let in Air but to let out other things A Maligne quality affecting the Heart or mixed with its spirits A Maligne quality in the Heart is the Cause of weakness causeth an extinction of native heat thereof and by consequence of all the Body or diminisheth it and begets a Syncope or weakness or Death according toits divers qualities So when the Air is infected men in the Plague suddenly faint are weak and die or in swouning Feavers which alwaies begin with fainting And when Poyson is taken or bred in the Body it gets to the Heart and endangers life and causeth weakness And this may happen to other parts when Poyson is more contrary to them then to the Heat If a Wound peirce the left Ventricle of the Heart A Wound in the Heart is the cause of weakness and Death the spirits suddenly vanish and there is sudden Death And if the right or it peirce the Superficies or cuts the Coronal Veins they die suddenly from great bleeding I suppose non can scape if the substance only be hurt and divided because a principal part cannot endure it Fernelius writes that he saw one that consumed before he died of an Ulcer in the Heart that came from an inward cause The like may be from a Tumor which is rare and not known but by dissection because the Heart feels not I faw in 1644. in a Woman that I opened of a Dropsie in the Breast such a swolen Heart loose and greater then it should be with the Vessels especially the Arteria Aorta three times bigger then usual and both the Ventricles especially the left and the Langs and Cavity of the breast silled with waterish blood Also a great corruption in other parts extinguisheth the native heat The Cure We shall shew how it is to be done in diverse weaknesses The Cure of weakness and swouning and chiefly in general Imbecility and great fainting which also may be for particular weakned parts although in their Symptoms we shall also speak thereof We must act and prognostick acctording to the diversity of the cause of weakness If it come from want of Air and breathing we shewed the Cure in the defect of Breathing If it be from the birth or old age we labor in Vain because natural causes cannot be changed nor radical moisture renewed If it be from Evacuation it is worst from Venery or bleeding which is in a Dropsie If
in the Palpitation thereof or Oyl of Jesemin or Oyntment of water Lillies or Citrine Oyntment Or Take Oyl of water Lillies two ounces juyce of Citrons and Vinegar of Roses of each half an ounce boyl them to a Consistence add of all the Saunders Roses and Sorrel seed of each one scruple Coral one dram Pearl half a dram Camphire half a scruple with Wax make an Oyntment Or apply this Emplaister Take Treacle one dram and an half the Cerot of Sanders half a dram the species of Diamoscbu and Diambra of each half a scruple A Cordial Bag. Take of all the Saunders each one dram dryed Citron peels the four cordial flowers of Scabious and Leaves of Balm each half a dram Ivory or the Bone of a Stags heart two scruples Species Diamoschum one dram make a little Bag sprinkle it with Wine and Rose-water or Fume it therewith apply it to the heart It is good to raise them to sprinkle Water and Rose-water and Vinegar and Wine upon the Face Also to bind the Limbs and rub them very hard Also to stop the Nose and pul it and open the mouth and rub the Tongue They are soonest raised with great Noise and Neesing And to place them with the Head down and the body high Let them be quiet after the Fit for weak people faint upon the least motion CHAP. XI Of the Depravation of Vital Motion The Kinds IF the Vital Motion be Depraved which may be seen as I shewed in the Voluntary and Involuntary Functions of the parts Heart and Arteries we do not observe it as in the defect for none can live too much and the body and its parts cannot be too strong And if any parts that move voluntarily move too much or wrong that belongs to the depraved voluntary motion of which we have spoken We observe Depravation of Vital Motion in the pulse of the Heart and Arteries when it is oftener or more vehement than it ought to be by nature or proceeds otherwise disorderly Oftentimes the pulse of the Heart and Arteries is more frequent than is fit The quick beating of the Heart and Arteries whether great or smal both in sound and sick the breathing being also quick and if this pulse be great also it is with pain in the Breast Neck Head Ears It is to be felt in those parts and by Physitians at the Wrists Vehement and immoderate pulsation or beating of the Heart and Arteries Heart-beating is a symptom often by it self or in cathectick Maids before they have their Terms or such as have the Hypochondriack Melancholy This is called palpitation or trembling of the Heart because the motion is unequal And being alwaies strong it is perceived plainly in the left side of the Breast often in the Neck somtimes under the Ribs especially on the left side it is very troublesom and weakneth him much if it continue Sometimes it forceth the Ribs and as Fernelius saith puts them out of their place Aneurisma Sometimes it so dilateth the Artery and drives it out that it causeth the Tumor called Aneurisma which is great and beating This Symptom somtimes remitteth and comes again sooner or later and it continueth longer or shorter time as we said I observed a grievous and wonderful palpitation of the Heart in the yeer 1627. in a noble Virgin of Narbo in France who was alwaies held in her fit by two strong men that bare down the left side of her Breast with her hands til it ceased otherwise shee complained that her Breast and Ribs would break An Inordinate and uneven Pulse causeth trouble An uneven Pulse but that which beats low is considered not as a Symptom but only a sign shewing the Disease and the strength And therefore Physitians feel it The Causes It is most certain that the Heart and Arteries cause this depraved palpitation by their motion because no other parts do beat When these beat moderately sound people ought not to perceive it least the noise should be a hinderance as it is when they beat vehemently especially where the Arteries are great and many and free not sunk into the Muscles as in the left side not only by reason of the left Ventricle of the Heart and the Ear that moveth it self there but by the great Artery that comes from the left side of the Heart and descendeth by the left side of the Vertebrae Also in both fides of the Throat which the great Artery ascending goerh through being divided and there produceth the sleeping Arteries and those of the Arms Also under the Ribs especially or the left side because the great Artery descending thither lieth chiefly on the left side As also because it produceth great Arteries which accompany the branches of the Gate-vein on the right side especially those that go to the natural bowels and the Spleen For which causes when the Arteries beat much the putefaction is perceived on that side and is troublesome In other places where the Arteries are less or hidden though they beat stronger yet are they not perceived except it be by the pain of the part adjoyning which is troubled at the least touch of an Artery As in pains of the Head by reason of the great Ventricles of the brain beating and in Inslammations Or when a little Artery beating too violently in a strait place and hurts a Nerve as in the Ears wherein we may hear the pulsation But in naked parts without flesh you may touch a pulse and judg whether it be natural or depraved especially in the Wrist The truest causes of the great beating of the Heart and Arteries is the dissipation of vital spirits and the repletion and dilatation of the Arteries among which there are others less probable If the influent vital spirits be suddenly or too much dissipated so that the innate spirits cannot enjoy them sufficiently because it is necessary that new be alwaies sent from the Heart to the whole body which must be done by the pulsation of the Heart and Arteries It is therefore no wonder if their motion be enlarged and more quick and if the cause be great more vehement with great breathing which as is said brings matter to make vital spirits And this may come also from the spirits stirred with the blood the Heart and Arteries being inflamed When the spirits are suddenly tossed hither and thither The too great stirring of the spirits is the cause of quick great pulsation of the Arteries and dispersed and not equally communicated to the body the Heart and Arteries beat quick for new and the respiration is greater or otherwise strength would fail This comes from the motion of the body and mind as we shewed in quick respiration which comes from thence Hence is it that the pulsation increaseth by the passions of the mind as anger Joy Terror Fear Shame the spirits being moved which Erasistratus knew when from the sudden motion of the pulse from the beholding of the Nurse that
was beloved he discovered a Disease to be from the mind that is Love This Palpitation of the Heart is sooner in weak people and such as are disposed to it Stirring of the Spirits causeth palpitation of Heart in them that are subject thereto the least exercise wil cause it in some One confessed to me that he had it presently in the act of Venery and was so troubled therewith that except he gave over he should be stifled as it fel out afterwards This pulsation also is greater when the spirits are dissipated from other causes as at the point of Death when they are vanished though there be great weakness by which nature labors to assist them in the greatest danger by this motion and recollection of Spirits When the Spirits grow hot with the blood Over-heating of the Spirits is the cause of quick and great pulsation there is great motion of the Heart and Arteries not so much because the spirits are hot and unquiet but because they then are sooner spent that what is suddenly lost may be suddenly repaired Whether it come from the external causes as the Fire or Fume or from internal and the rather if the Heart grow hot and continue so as in a Feaver Or if the heat come from motion of the body or exercise in heat Or when the mind is so affected that not only the Spirits are troubled but set on fire thereby as in anger Or when all these concur As we knew a Noble man that playing at Tennis was so hot and angry and so moved in the Pulsation and Respiration that he could not recollect himself nor could the motion cease but he died suddenly When the Arteries are too full of blood and too much dilated thereby in regard they ought not to be filled as the Veins are that there may be room for the Vital spirits the Pulsation which before was not perceived when moderate is felt by the Patient and that vehement Diastole about the Heart and great Arteries mentioned in the Palpitation of the Heart is raised Especially when the blood floweth to the left Ventricle of the Heart and to its Ear which may be much enlarged to the great Artery whereby they are too full and extended And it ceaseth when it flows from those parts and doth not more lift them up and dilate them Or it molesteth continually if an Artery be so dilated as Fernelius observed Yea that the great Tumor called Aneurisma doth follow And if this Aneurisma be within in any part of the great Artery or in the breast Throat under the Ribs or in the Ear of the Heart which wil be very much stretched it causeth a perpetual Pulsation as an external Aneurism and is the cause of that Palpitation of Heart which lasteth so long and kils so many as some have observed in Anatomy It is plain that this Palpitation comes from plenty of Arterial blood Plenty and heat of Arterial blood that fils the Arteries causeth palpitation of Heart because the Arteries have nothing else in them And Galen seems to grant it when he saies all such are cured or eased by bleeding And this pulsation is greater by how much the blood and the spirits mixed therewith which fill the Arteries are the hotter Fernelius witnesseth that he saw such blood in the Arteries burnt like black choller And we prove that that cholerick hot blood is gathered in the Mesaraick Arteries and and sent to the great Arteries by these Arguments Because as such juyce as is frequently bred in the mesaraick Veins from meat and drink doth inflame pollute the blood being carried from the branches of the Gate-vein to the hollow vein so doth it get into the mesaraick Arteries which are joyned to those Veins and so into the greater Arteries and so to the Heart and so filleth them and doth what is mentioned And the rather because these mesaraick Arteries are branches of the great Artery but the meseraick Veins come not from the hollow Vein nor are joyned to it but by the substance of the hinder Hence is this Disease so usual in Virgins from the stoppage of their Courses which begets an evil habit and in those that have Hypochondriack Melancholy In which as the fulness and foulness of the Venal and Arterial blood causeth Cachexy and Melancholy so do they cause palpitation of the Heart and Arteries Some say this may be from Wind filling the Arteries which we cannot allow because none hath observed that the Veins can be filled therewith Nor do we grant that vapors gathered about the Midriff Spleen or Womb and so sent into the Arteries and Heart or a thick vapor shut into the Heart that came from another place as some have written can so fill it that they may cause this Pulsation As for other causes of palpitation of which they write especially wind or water in the Pericardium we count them not the true cause of Palpitation but of some fluctuation when the body is moved as may appear by the noise in the breast as we shal shew in preternatural Swoons in the body Other Diseases of the Heart besides these mentioned may cause it to move inordinately and quicker as heat that moves the Spirits and disperseth them and too great Repletion by the blood of the Arteries Such are those that so offend the Heart it moveth violently to cast them off rather by a natural sensation than by feeling which the Heart wanteth A Venemous quality from within or without A malign quality stirs up the Heart to palpitation doth cause palpitation or any malignity in the arterial blood which fils the Arteries causeth the same by stretching them and by troubling the Heart I understood that one who died of a continual Trembling of the Heart had a Bone or Gristle found in his Heart The Cure That Palpitation which comes from vehement motion of mind or body The Cure when it comes from vehement motion or Heat ceaseth when they cease as we shewed in Short-breathing which is joyned therewith But when many causes concur it is dangerous as we shewed When it comes from plenty of blood it is dangerous and lasting Cure of Palpitation of heart and troublesom by continual motion but wasting of the Spirits many have dyed hereof others have long been troubled therewith many have been cured by removing the cause And because the Cause is commonly about the Meseraick Vessels which are distributed in the natural parts and there is the plethory and filth it is cured as Cachexy Cachochymie and Hypochondriack Melancholly which are usualy joyned therewith By preventing too great increase of Blood Humors and Wind and such humors as chiefly abound by purging of Choler and strengthening the natural parts and mixing Cordials with all things And in regard it is hard to evacuate the conjunct cause in the Artesies and Heart we must strengthen them with Cordials Thus. Letting of blood except some thing hinder is good according to Galen
same cause as hath been explained that by reason of the difference of these Veins in which the matter of Fevers is contained for the same reason they become continual or intermitting But it is certain that the matter is contained somtimes in the veins of the head only other times in the veins of the whol body especially in the greater and upon that account doth cause more grievoius or more mild accidents for as it was declared in continual Fevers if the matter putrifie about the heart there is caused a most burning Fever called a Causus so it fals out here to wit that if such matter be contained in the ventricles of the brain where otherwise the blood of the Veins and Arteries confounded together is very hot a madness or grievous melancholly is raised or if about a more noble part as the Womb the Blood which is wont to abound there and the seed also being retained be corrupted and changed into that poysonous matter as was alleadged formerly by the testimony of Galen it causeth that madness of the Womb in which they so much desire enormous and brutish copulation as hath been demonstrated by the example of a Woman who by reason of a long continued sickness of her Husband by reteining her seed fell into this disease and coveted copulation with dogs and by how much the further scituation it hath from a principal part in the lower parts by so much the more mild melancholly ariseth All which things must be judged how they are by the nature of the accidents and from this that no other external causes went before as was said of a fright from which a grievous melancholly is commonly caused rather then by the constitution which they set forth to be melancholly from the hairs of the body the color of the Skin and the habit also from the excrements seeing these diseases may happen not only to people swarthy lean and sad by nature but to all Naâ—â—tres all Ages as I have often observed But that the cause of it may depend upon a melancholly constitution which they have contracted to themselves by nature or by an ill course of living as was shewed in the hypochondriacal we do no waies deny seeing melancholly blood being turbid and impure doth the easier acquire malignity as also we have somtimes found that hypochondriacal melancholly hath passed into the true one the blood in the Veins being at last infected by the long continued evaporation of heat and also that melancholly which proceeds from the affection of the mind if it fall upon a fit constitution called the melanchollick it wil have a double cause concurring to excite a true melancholly lastly from the suppression of such excrements which easily pass into this poysonous matter as from the retention especially of the menstruous bleod or seed as somtimes a Suffocation of the Womb doth proceed so at other times a madness of the Womb as hath been explained A hot distemper affecting the brain and its membranes A hot distemper the cause of dotage a hot vapor the cause a hot distemper and dotage in a bastard phrensie for the most part cause that first a pain of the Head and if it be more intense a dotage by too much exagitating the functions of the mind but it grows hot somtimes from a hot vapor which is raised up either from hot meat and drink but unless then there be joyned a Narcotick or madding faculty as was said of Wine heat alone wil scarce bring a deliration but only a pain of the head but this is sooner done from hot humors blood too much evaporating especially if it contract some malignity also which is wont presently to make the brain mad as hath been shewed in the causes of melancholly which easily happens in blood altered or putrified whether in the Veins or out of them that by corruption it acquires some malignity from that therefore the like vapor being carried up to the brain it breeds a bastard phrensie so called in many diseases generated from such like humors whose symptom it is So somtimes a dotage is wont to follow a hot expiration raised foom blood in diseases generated from inflamed blood as in diary Feavers a sinochis and internal inflammations which is known to proced from thence by the disease accompanying it also from humors putrifying and so getting a preternatural heat a dotage doth somtimes invade all putrid Feavers at what time chiefly the hot expiration doth very much assail the head as in intermitting Feavers oftentimes at the beginning otherwise about the State and then also chiefly in continual Feavers the heat of the brain helping which by reason of the Fever together with all the parts of the body is heated also for the same reason also Children do oftentimes Rave by reason of Worms when they putrifie a Fever for the most part coming upon it Choller poured forth into the Stomach sending also a hot evaporation to the brain because it is acrid and subtile doth rather cause a pain and a Vertigo than a dotage as shall be said in its place Also Blood made too hot and especially too thin contained in the ventricles and Vessels of the Brain An hot Humor it the Cause of a hot Distemper and Dâ—tage in a bastard Phrensit inflaming the brain not only by a vapor but also by its proper substance induceth a bastard Phrensie as it somtimes comes to pass when by a blow or Fall or in Feavers it flows thither But if that it be carried out of the Vessels and poured upon the brain and its membranes An Inflammation is the cause of a hot distemper or Dotage in a Phrensie it breeds an Inflammation or Erysipelas according as the Blood is then it causeth a true Phrensie which also is called a Syriasis especially if it befal Children whose external and violent Cause may be that which shatters or hurts the Head or the internal a Fulness of Blood and inflammation of it whence a synochus Feaver arising pouring forth a portion of its hotter blood into this principal patr which before did very much abound with blood it makes this grievous Disease whose Companion is a continual Feaver as hath been declared in Feavers differing therefore from a bastard Phrensie because the feaver in that goes before the Dotage but in a Phrensie they both invade together by which signe also t is chiefly known An evil Conformation of the Brain as if it be too big or little or otherwise be not rightly formed for the most part creates the said Foolishness bred in some from their Birth whenas this proceeds from implanted Causes as from the seed of the Parents who either were Fools themselves or their seed had contracted some fault and t is easily known by this that they were Fools from their Birth because the Head answers the unshapen Brain in Greatness or Smaleness or Deformity An evil Conformation the Cause of Folly which fault if it reach to the
they are a Symptom Their kinds are as they are diversly manifest to sense A Compressing or stretching pain called Periodyna A compressing or stretching pain of the Heart is that in which there is felt a pressing or stretching in the lodge of the Heart more or less with loss of Appetite almost and loathing sometimes and with belching and somtimes vomiting or purging This kind comes from some new Cause very often and either stayeth a while or comes after meat and ends with concoction Somtimes it is the Symptome of divers Diseases so that there is scarce a person but hath felt it in a Disease or at other times A knawing pain is called Heart-eating A knawing pain of the Heart called Cardiogmos in which there is felt a biting with pricking in the said region of the Heart with Compression or Burning somtimes This is in many Diseases and in sound men sometimes when fasting especially some called Picrocholi from sharp Choler have it when they want their Dinner and it is often with bitterness of mouth and hindrance of sight Some have it chiefly before Supper when they are given to writing and lean upon their Stomaches by which they loose Appetite They who fear this prevent it by sitting upright or standing when they write Some have it in the morning before they rise when they lye long waking and after they are up and have been at stool or broke wind it is gone In others it comes as soon as they are up and goes away with sneesing Also this Knawing with Compression is after meat when it is bad or too much Of which Bairus makes a private sort of Heart-ach when they are cold after meat with sense of this Compression and difficulty of breathing this is called a turning of the Meat into Flegm Of which Galen speaks This may be at all times Cordiaca Fainting and from other Causes as it is afore Vomiting and from outward Injuries and Cold or from things swallowed that hurt the Stomach And when any fainting comes with this Disease called Cordiaca as we shewed in Fainting That pain which hath such Heat that it seems to burn Heart-burning is in sound people often whether full or empty That is most usual in which when they would belch they feel great burning the flame as it were being shut up in the Gullet and not able to get out especially after meat or violent Exercise the Germans call it Boyling Boyling of the stomach or burning we call it a Burning boyling of the Stomach of which we spake in Difficulty of Belching Also this Burning is the Symptom of divers Diseases of the great pain of the Stomach where it is burning pricking stretching and beating and is increased by touching of the part and reacheth to the Back and girds the Body like a Girdle and seems to draw down the Shoulders and there is labour and pain to swallow and belch and difficulty of breathing being quick and little and there is sometimes a continual Feaver by which means the Pulse is quick and Urin high with Spitting of Blood or Matter This is called the Inflamation or Phlegmon of the Stomach from the Cause of it And the Imposthume of the Stomach though it is more properly so called when it is turned to an Imposthume Also a most burning pain with vomiting and other dangerous accidents may come from another Disease of the Stomach called Erysipelas as we shall shew in the Causes The usual pain in the lodge of the Heart is called Cardilaea Cardilaea distinct from Cardialgia this comes from a small Cause and returns often There are two kinds of it according to the diversity of the Nature in which they are known by this some are of weaker and others stronger Appetite Such Natures as have weak Appetites and other accidents from weakness of Concoction Weakness of the stomach is called a disturbance of the Heart are subject to usual pains of the Stomach compressing or stretching and sometimes knawing and are troubled from the least offending meat and other outward things especially cold from which they are forced alwaies to defend their stomaches These pains come from Weakness of Stomach and are there described and are called by the same name Those Natures that have stronge appetites A hot stomach is called a disturbance of the Heart and eat greedily and gorge themselves have pains of the stomach as shall be shewed in the Causes They are from great excess and also sharp or salt Meats these pains are called a hot distemper and are described in a hot Constitution The Causes The place or part affected is the region or lodge of the Heart not the Heart it self for it is not under it nor is it sensible as I shall shew but the Stomach which is in that region or some parts of the Colon or Midriff that reach thither The Cause of this is from the Stomach which is on the left side of this Region The cause of Heart-ach is in the stomach and is very sensible especially at the mouth of it which hath very remarkeable Nerves And this mouth of the Stomach is called Cardia because it is next under the Heart and there goeth through the Midriff and joyneth to the Ventricle and therefore the pains thereof are felt as if they were in the Heart and as it were communicated unto it and cause a Swounding if they be great as we shewed in Cardiaca All these pains in this region are called pains of the Heart or Cardialgiae And the pains of the Stomach are divers by reason of its exquisite Sense and often injuries by things taken in and brought to it and because it sticks out and is so exposed to more danger These pains are either primarily in the stomach of it self from some cause afflicting it as a Disease which is either a hot or cold distemper stretching heaviness twitching or irritation especially when there is a helping Cause that is a Disposition of the Stomach from a weak or hot Constitution Or they are by consent in the stomach from the nerves that are planted in it These pains I have seen but seldom but they were with much grief and mourning and somtimes a little doting and they alwayes ceased after vomiting they are chiefly in Semitertians Of these in their order A hot Distemper alone without matter doth scarce cause pain A hot distemper of the stomach is the cause of heart-ach because the stomach is delighted with hot things and when it is very hot from things taken in or hot Diseases as in Feavers Heat of the Liver and the like there is thirst rather then pain except another accident happen as we shall shew in the hot Constitution of the Stomach The Stomach is somtimes so inflamed Inflammation of the stomach is the cause of heart-burning that from the Veins abounding there Blood is sent into the substance thereof and then follows that burning pain which we call an
that are joyned to it causeth stretching or tearing pain in the Hypochondria when the Peritonaeum or Cawle is stretched are caused from the affliction of the Bowels as Liver or Spleen which are joyned to the Cawle or from the Vessels of the womb which grow to the Back and by the Cawle Hence it is that pains of the Womb reach thither or from the stretching of the Peritonaeum in a Tympany or in Women with Child there is a little pricking or by continuance a great pain as in the Hernia or Rupture The Causes of all these shall be laid down in other great accidents which befal The Stomach being on the left side under the Hypochondrion A Disease in the stomach causeth a Hypochondriack pain is pained about the lodge of the Heart before with a pain called Cardialgia on the left side especially in the Hypochondriack Melancholy when there is rumbling and burning As is shewed in Melancholy The pain of the Colon which is placed under the Stomach The Colick causeth the Hypochondriack pain from one side to the other is also in the Hypochondrion but stayes not but runs about the Belly As shall be shewed in the Colick The Cure We shall mention only here the Cure of those Diseases with pain in the Hypochondria The cure of heavy dul or stretching pain from the Liver Spleen Reins or Cawle For the Cure of the Diseases of the Liver Spleen Reins Cawle which we mention here only for the pain sake because the pain in them is dul shal be shewed in other Symptoms as Cachexy Jaundies Dropsie and the like by which they are more manifest then by the pain The cure of pains from the stomach Colon or Womb. Also if there be pain in the Hypochondria from the Stomach Womb or Colon reaching thither because the pains of the stomach are more in the region of the Heart and of the Colon and Womb more in the lower Belly where they lye we have shewed the Cure of that in Pains of the Heart and of those Pains in the Belly And here we shall only declare the Cure of the Pain where it chiefly shews it self in respect of its cause as it comes from the Inflammation of the Liver Spleen or Kidneys called Hepatitis Splenitis or Nephritis Or from the Peritonaeum or Cawle vulgarly called Spleneticus The Inflammations and Erysipelas of the Liver and Spleen The cure of the Inflammation of the Liver Spleen and Kidneys are dangerous and often deadly and if they imposthume and leave an Ulcer or be ill cured and a Hardness or Scirrhus follow they cause a Dropsie and incurable Diseases The Inflammations of the Kidneys are more easily cured they are worst when the Stone is there also If they leave an Ulcer it is also very stubborn as shall be shewed The Method in the cure of all these Inflammations is the same as in others that is while they are coming to divert the Blood another way from the part or by repelling and deriving it and to allay the Heat and Burning and to discuss the remainder or if that may not be to ripen it And if there be Hardness Scirrhus or Imposthume and after that is broken an Ulcer which may be both in Liver Spleen and Kidneys we shall shew what is then to be done in other Symptomes that come from thence Against Inflammation use the following Remedies Blood-letting diverts the Blood while it is flowing to the part another way especially in the Inflammation of the Liver or Kidneys which have great Branches from the hollow Vein And in the Phlegmon of the Spleen also it must not be neglected though it hath Veins only from the Gate Vein for reasons shewed in Inflammation of the Stomach Therefore in the Inflammation of all the the three parts except any thing prohibit open suddenly that Vein which most appeareth on the same side and bleed plentifully for Revulsion and if there be great Plethory or Fullness open the same Vein again or that in the Hand on the same side either against the Thumb or little or middle Finger according to Rhasis And in the Inflammation of the Kidneyes open the Vein in the Foot The Haemorrhoids being Branches of the Gate Vein if they be opened derive much from the Inflammation of the Spleen and revell from other Inflammations Cupping Glasses to the Hipps and Buttocks or that side do revell and derive in the Inflammation of the Reins The Ancients did use them the day after bleeding to the right Hypochondrion when the Liver was Inflamed after scarification and applyed them the next day again to the same place others used them only at the Declination to take away the residue without Scarification Also Ligatures and Frictions of the extream parts are good at the first as in other Inflammations to revell And Clysters before Bleeding and when the Body is bound as it useth to be in these Inflammations or Suppositories are good And Clysters because they reach into the Colon and come near to the part and cool are best at the first and are as altering Topicks such as are prescribed in Fevers A loosning Clyster that a little provoketh Take Mallows Roots and all Beets and for the Kidneys Pellitory of the wall each an handfull Violets Bran each a pugil Lineseed an ounce Anniseed a dram boyl and strain them dissolve Honey Butter and Oyl each an ounce and half Pulpe of sweet Prunes or Cassia an ounce with a little Salt make a Clyster A cooling Clyster Take the emollient Herbs and Roots Purslane Gourd leaves each an handful Violets Mallows and Chamomile flowers each a pugil Linseed six drams four great cold seeds an ounce Barley a pugil boyl and dissolve Honey of Violets halfe an ounce Cassia an ounce Oyl of Violets and Water-Lillies each an ounce and half If they cannot take Clysters give a Laxative take heed of Purgers for fear of more Flux and Inflammation Cassia therefore is not very safe But we give things that loosen without heat and pricking as Prunes and other loosning fruits and Spinach Mallows Violets boyled in Broaths Whey syrup of Violets and Roses and the like In the declination or after the fourth day when heat abates to take away the reliques when the Liver or Spleen are afflicted we give a gentle Purge because they can discharge themselves by the Meseraicks into the Guts And the rather when the Disease is in the hollow part of the Liver into which the Gate-vein branches it self and if Choler boyling in the Gall or sent out causeth an Erysipelas In these cases we may give Cassia or some gentle Purger Or this Decoction which cleanseth and openeth Take Liquorish two ounces Grass and Kneeholm roots each an ounce red Pease a pugil Senna an ounce Polypody an ounce and half Cordial-flowers a pugil Anise-seed three drams Fennel seed and Dodder each a dram boyl them strain and add syrup of Roses an ounce and half syrup of the two Roots an
themselves and after they come to themselves they remember none of those things they have sufferd neither do they know that they have sufferd this evil unless they be told of it or suspect it by taking some signal from the marke of some hurt left behind as a Wound or Contusion All Motion also both voluntary which wholly depends on our power and that which is performed by help of Nature as breathing and evacuating and that of the Pulses which Nature alone performs continuing in all these Species distinguisheth the Epileptical from the Apoplectick and Syncopal in whom these motions do fail the Pulse only remaining in the Apoplectick The which notwithstanding being deprived in the Convulsive doth cause that they fal and use inordinate motions But they fall not by reason of a privation of the senses but because their whol Body at once and of a suddain is convelled so that unless they be forewarned by a Vertigo which is wont somtimes to go before it or being taught by Custome of the fit at a day or hour if it be wont to come at set times they have a care of themselves being seazed with it whiles they are upright they presently fall down like to the Apoplectick and those that fall into Swonings and as t is commonly said are free neither from Water nor fire but are in the greatest jeopardy by danger of the fall and if upon this account t is less danger for those who lying in their Bed by reason of some sickness cannot fall when the Convulsions come upon them yet they are more hazarded by the cruelty of the Disease So that every Epilepsie is horrible and abominable which the ancients therefore called the sacred Disease as sent by the Gods by way of punishment and others have Superstitiously imposed the Names of the Gods on it They also so stir their Body with inordinate motions That oftentimes t is all of a fire and the pulse becomes more swift and somtimes sweats break forth Wreathing and distorting their Back Neck Head Arms Feet into divers Figures and with them beating and shaking every thing in the way as the Bed Walls Ground bruising and wounding their own Limbs gnashing with their Teeth set and bitterly biting their Tongues if they be out rowling their Eyes about which being opened and very much drawn asunder as also the bending of the Face towards the hinder parts do usually give the first sign of the fit assailing which at length in the end of the fit lying as men wearied and astonisht they keep fixt and sterne til they come to themselves again Their breathing also is very unequal whenas somtimes they hold it for a while so that from the stopping of their breath and vehement striving they somtimes cast forth their ordure and Urine and seed to especiif it abound But at other times they fetch their Breath with difficulty and noise both when an Epilepsie of the Womb hath the said strangulation its companion and cause and when Flegm falling upon the Jawes and Nostrils hinders it and they bring forth a froth at the Mouth and Nose arising from Flegm confused and stirred there with the Air which happens not to the Apolectick and Strangulated unless they die saith Hippocrates and oftentimes they make a noise with crying out But these accidents which we have related as they come on a suddain so the fit ceasing they presently remit Yet somtimes certain relicks of them do remaine and the senses being yet weakned they cannot rightly understand Reason or remember any thing or an alienation of Minde coming upon it they do all things amiss and blaspheme or they break forth into a great Laughter perhaps that which Cicero calls Sardonian and that till a new fit return which is wont to attend these foretelling signs but before and after these fits some particular convulsions somtimes either went before or remain as a distortion of the Mouth a difficulty of swallowing or a spasme of some other parts as shall be explained in its place or that Spasme which they call Flatulent which somtimes also threatens Convulsions if it be by reason of the Nerves as shall be said as also that convulsive Palpitation which also caused from an affect of the Nerves doth oftentimes along while forego an Epilepsie and remain still in the Members after it and exercise it self or other Symptomes of motions do somtimes trouble them as with Gesticulations somtimes Dancings or some other disturbance of the Limbs and tremblings of them A Stupidity with Rigidness of Body is a rare and wonderful affect A Stupidity with rigidness is a Catalepsis which is called a Catoche or Catalepsis that is a laying hold off which they cal also a Congelation whenas they are as stiff as if they were frozen in which all the internal senses and external are suddainly abolisht but only the motion of the Body is depraved whenas they keep that form which the Body had before it was seazed on with this evil whether Lying Sitting or Going and being taken like a statue they cannot change it neither of their own accord nor by compulsion and with their Eyes open whence they have called it the watchful Stupidity yet blâ—hd and altogether speechless breathing in the interim not taken away or very much hindred nor the Pulse But it happens also in some A Stupidity with hearing remaining that though they lie rigid like a stock without motion and speech yet nevertheless they perceive those things which the standers by do speak off and can afterwards relate them which they have called Ecstatick But others remaining in the same state like to dead Men although they heard nothing A Stupidity with motion remaining nor saw not now being prickt fet nothing yet if any thing were put into their Mourh they swallowed it and being lift up do stand being forced do walk and keep their Members fixt in that posture as they are bent for them In a certain Woman thus taken only the Belly and Breast were very much moved all the rest of the Body being stupid The Causes In all the foremention'd kinds of Sleep and Stupidity with Languishing Convulsion or Rigor it must needs be that the Brain is affected whenas all motion and sense proceed from that Neither here as they would have it are the Functions diversely weakend as the former middle or hinder Ventricles of the Brain are hurt nor as the Brain is affected before or behind whenas the substance of the Brain doth on every part perform its Functions but as it is more or less hurt it looseth more or fewer Functions For if the hurt be great so affecting the Brain that all the senses be abolisht then it must needs be that motion also doth cease other Functions in the interim remaining which the Brain is not the cause of as the Pulse which the Heart yeids and whenas the motion of breathing is partly Natural partly Voluntary and therefore doth proceed from the Or-Organs
happen in a Catalepsis for the like reason since that it is a certain species of Convulsion If the cause of that doting sleep proceed from the Devil with which he deludes Witches 't is not our task to search out those hidden causes The Devil the cause of Daemonical sleep which the Witches attribute to the oyntments with which they anoint things by the Devils command or to Decoctions with which they dream they can cause Hail and draw Clouds from Heaven such as Eotis in Apuleins and Homers Circe did prepare by bruising together Garlick Wild Time and stinking Plants which we renounce By reason of a defect of animal spirits in the brain it must needs be also that a stupidity follow the functions of the brain being taken away which may happen upon a double account they being either wasted or at leastwise poured forth and extravagant The Animal spirits being wasted in the brain The Consumption of the animal spirit is cause of an Apoplexy if they were only impaired or too few whence follows a weakness of the brain its functions also must be weakned as hath been said in the Weakness of the mind but if they be altogether or so far consumed as that not only a weakness of the functions do follow but a total Oblition of them there wil be a grievous Apoplexy and suddenly killing the Patient of which we have oftentimes seen old men die of and the common People still hath believed it caused from a Flegmatick Humor as we see the vital Spirit being impared there follows a want of strength but being wholly consumed Death The Animal Spirits being shed or poured forth from the Brain into the Nerves continuous with the Brain for they can be extravagant no where else Too great a pouring forth of the Animal Spirit from the Brain into the Nerves is the cause of a Stupidity of divers kinds of a Catalepsis and Epilepsie whenas they can consist no where but in the Brain and Nerves then it happens that the Internal sense either all or some do cease according as a greater or less quantity of them leaves the Brain but the motive power is no waies abolisht since as those Spirits do yet persist in the Nerves neither are the Nerves left destitute of them as it comes to pass in a resolution their passage from the Brain to the Nerves being then hinderd furthermore since that the Animal spirit is contained also in the Nerves as well as in the Brain of which they are portions though the the Functions of the Brain may cease for a while yet they nevertheless may still for a time exercise the power of moving which they contain in themselves the which also we may very well guess doth proceed rather from the Nerves then the Brain in some creatures who excel more in motion then in the senses because they have none or a very little Brain but a marrow of the Back large and plentiful part of which also cut off from the rest yet nevertheless moves for a while and this is the true and Legitimate cause why the senses being abolisht yet motion nevertheless may persist for a time in sinding out of which both the ancient and moderne Physitians have so much tormented themselves and delivered their far different opinions viz. This effusion of the Spirits into the Nerves which proceeding chiefly from two causes produceth accidents somwhat diverse as shall presently be explained The first of which is the too much Vehement and Persevering operation of the internal Senses by which as in great passions of the Heart we see the vital Spirits so carried forth that thence follows a Fainting away and so if there be a dissipation of the Animal Spirits into the Organs of the external senses by a more vehement Cogitation and intention upon some thing it may come to pass that as men astonisht they may be lightly stupid and either by and by they returning again they may come to themselves or if they continue longer those diverse Species of a Catalepsis may proceed which we have demonstrated in the explication of the former kinds to have somtimes happen'd from too much Study or Love or some other great affects of the Minde especially Melancholly whence it came to pass that many have put a Melancholly juyce as the Cause of a Catalepsis In which if the Spirits being not wholly poured forth some portions of them remain in the Brain some Sences also wil remain the other ceasing and as they are poured forth into the Nerves Motion may also either at least remain or exercise it self with a rigidness without concussion if there be no contraction of the nerves as shal be said in an Epilepsie and this seems very likely to be the cause of the diversity of Species of a Catalepsis as we have shewed formerly in diverse Histories of it yet as also if the spirits be so carried forth by a violent affect of the Minde that for awhile they cannot recollect themselves we have seen them fal down like to the Epileptical their pulse remaining by which they were distinguisht from those that faint away and some when they made a speech or despute at great meetings by reason of the too great contention of the Minde and Senses fear somtimes or shame coming upon them the Spirits being troubled have sufferd the like from whence perhaps because the same was wont to happen for this reason at some meetings an Epilepsie was called the Comitial Disease In which vehement motions of the Minde as it may come to pass so it is commonly believed also that from Anger Convulsions may easily proceed which opinion happily had its rise because in those disposed the fit is by this means promoted unless perhaps this may happen by the stirring of Choller through Anger as we shal declare by and by But the other and more frequent Cause of pouring out the Spirit into the Nerves from whence follow the more grievous Symptoms of an Epilepsie and Catalepsis is an irritation of the Brain such a one by which its expulsive faculty stirred up rising to cast of that which is troublesome to it doth together drive forth the Spirits as Nature every where feeling pain and trouble is wont to thrust Spirits thither and together with them blood also oftentimes so powerfully that there follows an inflamation of that part which receives them Which trouble or irritation of the Brain indeed they demonstrate to happen rather by consent and compassion with some part then from its proper effect because we see Convulsions happen rather from an affect and Disease of another part Somtimes also far distant from the Brain then of the Brain it self as from a Nerve Prickt or some violent Medicine taken where as if it did happen from some grievous Disease of the Brain as indeed it must needs be a grievous Disease which must induce so vehement a Symptone the accidents of Convulsions which it causeth would not so soon
please their Mistress and when they perswade themselves that they can obtain somwhat of their love breaking forth into profuse joy they often speak many foolish and obscaene things and act them too and laying aside all shame somtimes commit filthy wickednesses and fear not to expose themselves to grievous dangers or if they despair of mutual love and good wil they continually afflict themselves with mourning and lamenting and by no means admit of comfort they refuse good counsels and express their grief by shedding of tears often sighs paleness for every Lover is pallid and pain of the heart with which they chiefly complain they are troubled whose pulse also is instable according as their mind is raised or deprest and by beholding or remembring their Mistress 't is raised stird up by which sign Erisistratus discovered love or by despair it becomes languid and calmed with which accidents being opprest at last they fall into grievous Diseases and hasten their own death or oftentimes in despair lay violent hands on themselves Melancholly denominated from black Choler Melancholly is a species of alienation of the mind in which the imagination and judgment are so perverted that without any cause they are very sad and fearful and they can alleadg no certain cause of their sadness and fear but that which is of no moment or that false opinion which they have conceived from depraved apprehhension As when they perswade themselves that they are damned that God takes no care of them that they are not predestinated although in the interim they be godly and religious and they fear the last judgment and eternal punishment which horrible melancholly and oft times driving men to despair is the most frequent species in the curing of which I have oftentimes been much hindered with which those that have been taken have oftentimes confessed to me with many tears deep sighs great anguish of heart and trembling of the whole body that they have been stirred up to Blasphemy against God to commit horrible things to lay violent hands on themselves to kil Husband Wife Children Neighbours their Prince being moved with no jealousie no envy towards them whom they intimately love but are compel'd as it were against their will and such thoughts do steal upon them whether they will or no when in the mean time they cease not instantly to begg of God that he would vouchsafe to free them from those wicked thoughts But others are very much troubled with the terrors of death and the fears thereof whiles they falsly imagine with themselves that they are out of favor with the Princes and Magistrates and that they have committed somewhat and are drawn to punishment or who otherwise do highly fear death which they fancy is even now hanging over their heads Others by other triffling falshoods conceived and imprinted in their mind do deceive themselves as he who thinking himself to be made an Earthen vessel gave way to every one he met least they should break him with a touch as some have beleeved themselves turned into brute beasts and another who thinking he had a very large Nose would not change this Opinion til the Chirurgeon deceived him by a Counterfeit stroke and shewing him a piece of flesh that he had cut a part of it And as that Woman who was wonderfully grieved that shee was forced every day to put on her cloaths and put them off again and another woman who as often as she though that when she was dead her Husband would marry another Wife she was transported to these accidents some think they have swallowed Serpents and Frogs and that they carry them stil alive in their body or by other tricks are deluded and they dream of many and wonderful things of this nature which somtimes relating with a great deal of affection and grief I have heard somtimes with laughter somtimes with great admiration and Pitty in all which cases they shew marks of sadness and fear whiles they complain cry with many and continual tears and do wonderfully exagitate both body and mind Otherwise they are idle and silent being asked answer not being driven scarce go forward they love solitudes and shun the company of men which species for that reason is called Misanthropia from the hatred of men and if hating the light they covet darkness repair to woods and hide themselves in lurking places and caves as the holy writ testifieth of Nabuchadnaesor then they call it Lycanthropia from the custom of Wolves others the wolfish melancholy With which perverse imaginations pains and cruel tortures of mind those afflicted oftentimes not only many months but years also and at last overcome unless they return to themselves and be helped by Counsel and Art either they die wasting or that death which before they feared they hasten to themselves by hanging or drowning or by some other violence as we have known many sad examples of this nature Which forementioned passions of Sadness and Fear as they do not produce equal effects in all but do pervert the mind in some more in some less so they do continually possess those which they have once invaded Yet they have by courses their exacerbations and remissions as we have shewed also they did otherwise happen in continal Feavers for a cause contained in the Veins after the like manner yet we have observed some to be thus troubled only at certain times as some season of the year or change of the Moon and especially Women while they are with Child or have brought forth or have their Courses There is also another species of it which they denominate from the place affected Hypochondriacal Melancholy Melancholy Hypochondriacal a Species in which the forementioned accidents do often intermit and again return upon the same day and those who are sick of it as oft as they come to themselves otherwise then the rest who unless some other thing be joyned do only complain of a pain of the Head or somtimes of a Heaviness do acknowledg that they are truly sick and though they scarce or seldome lie by it and notwithstanding are able to undergo other duties yet they complain perpetually of a pain of the Hypochondries especially in the left side which they call a pain at the Heart a Heat Pulse Murmur Belchings Vomiting Spitting pain of the Head Vertigo a ringing in the Ears beating of the Arteries and innumerable other affects which they feel and sometimes Phansie to themselves and they trie Physitians desire Cure and trie divers Remedies and unless they be eased presently they change Physitians and Medicines Mania or Madness is so great a depravation of all the the Functions of the Mind Madness that they feign judge and remember most things falsly acting not only as the mournfull an fearful Melancholick but all things besides reason and somtimes without fury they commit more modestly those things which they speak and do but most commonly being turned to Madness by their stern
the Symptoms also of a continual Feaver do concur more vehement or gentler also as the feaverish heat offers it self greater or more pleasing as are by Reason of the heat of the heart a swift pulse quick breathing and somtimes drawn with sighs by long intervals faintings away and by reason of the Natural parts enflamed thirst driness of the Tongue but especially by reason of the Brain over heated besides a Delirium Watchings Dreams Suffusions Vertigoes which if the Brain be more vehemently inflamed do present themselves more and more grievous as shall be said in the Causes The Causes The Cause of every Alienation of Mind is one Preternatural proceeding from an evil Spirit the other Natural a certain affect so affecting the Brain the seat of Reason by it self if the Cause lie hid in that or by consent if it be else where that the Functions of the Mind are rather depraved then impaired but there is somtimes aquality working by an occult propriety which doth it the which seeing we are not able to explain from the effect we will call one the drunken vertue the other the poysonous but otherwise it will be some Disease to wit a certain distemper of the Brain of which sort is that abstruse and unknown one whose high efficacy is sufficiently known by this that it vehemently disturbs the Mind but seeing that makes an evil of long continuance and yet in the interim the sick do no waies lie by it when nevertheless other manifest distempers of the Brain if they continue long are very dangerous for hurting the Brain certainly it is very difficult to be explained which we do certainly find that this comes to pass by reason of the Spirits of the Bain which are every where implanted in it and connate and bound up to the substance of it do call a to great Agitation and Confusion of the Spirits of the Brain and the other Species we would rather call a perturbation of them or a mixture of them with a strange matter then feigne such a distemper which cannot cause that as they write of the cold one but a manifest distemper of the Brain also inducing a dangerous Disease may likewise cause it of which sort is a vehement hot one especially if it be joyned with a Tumor and also a fault in conformation also some speck or putrefaction found in the Brain all which how they do Alienate the Mind we shall express in order An Evil Spirit the Devil because he is the enemy of mankind An Evil Spirit the Cause of those possessed doth not only continually infest the Mind the most ezcellent and as it were the divine Function of Man and so trouble them that acting many things evilly against the divine Law he leads them into sin but also exagitating bewitching with his Arts doth oftentimes induce a grievous Melancholy or a Diabolical Madness or altogether entring the Body makes them called the possessed and Daemeniacal the which to dispute or enquire how it is done is not our intent although Matthiolus that he might refer all these kind of Madnesses to black Choler affirms that the Cacodaemons do this by Mediation of that Humor in which he saith they have their residence this surely is certain that there were such also in old time as divers Histories Sacred and Prophane do testifie as also we can no waies deny but that they may be found in our Age too The Drunken Disposition so called because it assailes the Head The Temulent quality caused by Drunkenness arising from the propriety of certain things produceth an Alienation of the Mind which they call Drunkenness or Temulency this proceeds from those things which according to the diversity of Natures and as they are used can induce Sleep and Stupidity and for that reason also are called Narcoticks Some of which taken inward do it as Wine more commonly then the rest because it is ordinary Drink which causeth this species of Temulency called Drunkenness if it be drank too immoderate or strongly yet not so far as to cause a perfect stupidity and that for this cause because by its propriety it lightly obscuring the Senses whence is the beginning of Stupidity amongst which the memory for the most part is wont first to fail by producing a certain oblivion of griefes and labours it brings a foolish joy and that effusion which happens with reason from Wine yet moderately taken its heat moreover helping by which at once heating and inflaming the spirits it doth to much exagitate the actions which happens more powerfully from distilled Wine because its concenterd Vertue and heat is greater upon which account Country Fellows are wont to drink it in the morning that afterwards they may be more chearful to perform their services This also the Juyces of some other Plants will do if those Plants be eaten or their Juyce prest forth be given or extracted by Decoction as are Hops from which Beer takes its Vertue of foxing and flies if they drink of it do dye taken with stupidity Hemp also whose Pouder if it be given with Wine doth fox the sooner the seed of Darnel and Gith perhaps the false Nigella in Bread which faults of Corn if they abound the Bread made of these makes Men sleepy and by continual use hurts many every where the which notwithstanding they do not observe and such is that Plant or rather the seed of it a sort of Millet called Avate of which the Indians make an intoxicating Drink called Caou-in but also other Narcoticks may do it especially if they be used mixt with things very hot both Vertues then acting as was said even now of Wine as if Henbane seed be boiled in Beer as some are wont to do it foxeth sooner and vehemently if the Bark of Mandrake be boiled in Wine till it look red if Opium be drank with the strongest wine as Bellonius relates Turks do drink without any harm Opium half a dram with Wine when they go forth to battel that being more bold and furious they may less fear danger as also Dioscorides writes that Hemlock taken with Wine doth work more effectual and kill the sooner yet all which as we have said formerly of wine do more or less make mad according to the variety of Temperaments as also I have observed that a weakness of the Brain may be the cause that they are sooner affected in him who by reason of a fall had a peice of his Skull taken out and therefore was quickly drunk Some things applied to the Head can do the same as Rondeletius witnesseth bringing an Example of him who whenas he had applied Henbane leaves to his Head to procure sleep became mad By Inspiration also drawing in the fume of Henbane of Peru which they cal Petum or Tobacco sucking it through their mouthand Nose or as the English call it drinking it who for the voiding of Flegm and also to induce Mirth do highly esteem the accustomary use of it that men
boyling hot whiles it is empty and the vapors then being hindred are the more freely carried upwards it happens that the said accidents are troublesome to the cholerick whiles they are yer fasting and that upon the taking of meat because the vehemency of Choler is abated and the vapors represt they grow milder and at last cease the which happens also the vapors in the head being discust of their own accord and so much the sooner by how much they are more subtile till new evaporations being made these evils do return but it is known that this proceeds from Choler by the bitterness of the mouth and gnawing at the mouth of the stomach which they call the heart and by other signs of this humor which also somtimes brings with the same labor a pain of the Head too with a Vertigo The same vapors proceeding from the Mesaraick Veins in which the cholerick juyces are wont oftentimes to abound as hath been shewed elsewhere as by those vapors raised from the same place and carried upwards by the Veins and Arteries intermitting Feavers hypochondriacal Melanchollies do invade a man by intervals so also they oftentimes raise the said symptoms which is done the vapors being carried upwards from thence through the Veins and somtimes through the Arteries which are annext to the Mesaraick Veins then especially when those vapors are subtile that they induce rather these accidents than Perturbations of the mind which hath been shewed do rather proceed from their malignity the which therefore do somtimes produce Vertigoes only or as they are qualified Images and Scotomies together with them or without them which we had rather alleadg as the truer cause than Pretend Crudities from which Wind rather than these like Vapors are generated But also from some other seat of the body these like vapors raised from a thinner blood through the Veins and Arteries may cause the same as from that part which is about the Womb as the Courses being stopt this symptom also doth happen as other also oftentimes upon this account and from some part of the Foot or of another member a vapor proceeding like to some Air being carried upwards as we have observed it hath been the Cause of an Epilepsie so also of a Vertigo whence somtimes Vertigoes go before an Epilepsie and presage that wil presently follow when from the like vapors vellicating the Brain Epilepsies also may be caused as shal be said in its place But the cause of these diseases sometimes consists in the Head it self in which not only spirituous hot and plentiful blood collected may cause the same as hath been said formerly but also from humors contained there the like Vapors raised and mixt with the spirits may produce these accidents which we do beleeve doth arise rather from the Blood of the Vessels and Ventricles of the Brain and the humors mixt with it than from flegm the which also we do not deny to be a cause of the Vertigo but not because it sends forth vapors but after this manner now to be explained 'T is certain that a Repletion of the Brain caused by a watry humor The Fluctuation of a watry flegmatick humor in the Brain is the cause of a Vertigo as well that Serous as Flegmatick doth cause that Vertigo which is wont to precede and threaten an Apoplexy or Carus which being frequent and of long continuance unless it be prevented is wont to terminate in these Diseases with great danger of life but it doth not this by cooling and moistning the brain seeing this agitation of the spirits which is in a Vertigo would so rather be hindred than promoted but this comes to pass when filling up the windings and spaces of the Brain by its great plenty filling the Skul and also generating plenty of Wind which are oftener ingendred from waterish humors than Vapors it waves in it for then as in the cover of the heart water abounding doth cause a Palpitation of the heart when it is stirred so here also it every where filling the Brain when the Head is moved the humor being stirred and following the motion of the Head as we have said of the spirits it gives such a sense to the head which doth sufficiently appear by their relation who complain of such a fluctuation and the Skul being opened we have often found an immense plenty of this humor as hath been said in an Apoplexy and in him in whom even now we said that the Arteries too were grown hard we have found so great plenty of it that the Skul being opened it hath come forth by floods the which together with that obstruction of the Arteries producing a double cause of the Vertigo made it so lasting and incurable in which that humor for continuance watring the Brain had bred that Carus of which he died But it is known that this is the cause of a Vertigo not only from that sense of fluctuation but also from other signs of flegm abounding explained in a Carus and Apoplexy to which those that are prone become at once sleepy and more stupid and at last fall into these Diseases unless prevented By occasion of the Visory Nerve implanted into the Eye and dilated like the form of a Net The Visory or Net-like Nerve in the Eye is the cause of the hurt of seeing most discommodities of the fight do happen seeing that is the principal Organ of seeing and that for the most part by consent of other parts when by reason of them it is disappointed of those things which are required to Seeing viz. the spirit and the proper object or else it cannot rightly enjoy them for otherwise being immersed in the Eye 't is so grounded that 't is scarcely troubled with any disease unless by consent of the Brain It is disappointed of the Animal spirit either altogether in blindness A Privation of the animal spirit in the Net-like Nerve is cause of Blindness or darkness of sight or in part in a weakness of the sight by reason of the Optick Nerve such as are Distemper Compression Hurts and Weakness proceeding rather from the defect of spirits than that fansied thickness and subtlty of them The same happens also the spirits flying from the visory Nerve towards their beginning in the Eye prest a long time and by consequence the Net-like Nerve by reason of humors filling up the Eye it sometimes happens that they are afterwards so long blind til the spirits return again And also the spirits being too much idle in the visory Nerve and as it were laid asleep or being retreated when there is no use of them the Nerve it self being made dull in those who being kept in darkness for a long time as in Prison or other dark places have seen nothing for a long time when they return into the light they scarce recover their fight or slowly or never any more And seeing the Animal spirit hath a constant need of the vital this by swooning
of conformation from the Birth that then the Hearing is commonly taken away too by reason of its Communication with the said branch And that the same also comes to pass An affect of the recurrent Nerves is the cause of the defect of of Speech and Voice if the branches of the Nerves of the sixth and seventh conjugation called the Recurrent Nerves folding with the Muscles of the Tongue do suffer An affect of the Nerves of the sixth and seventh Conjugation is the cause of a Dispnoea with a Palsie And if this be in the branches of the same Recurrent Nerves that infold the Larynx that the Voice doth then also cease the dissections of Anatomists do manifestly declare who for experience sake have in a Hog taken the recurent Nerves in a band which Aphony by reason of the recurrent Nerves arising from internal causes seldom happens particularly to the Voyce and if it be it proceeds either only from some thick vapor as they would have it or only from a Defluxion fallen down thither but this fault more commonly happens to the Voice and Speech in a Palsie from the causes mentioned together also with other Impotencies of motion to which also that Impediment of Breathing which in uttterring of a strong voyce we have said did offer it self as in Crying out Laughing Howling Coughing Snezing is somtimes added if the other Intercostal branches infolding the Muscle be affected too for Breathing alone seldom suffers a Defect singly without other hurts by reason of the Nerves seeing the Midriff whose motion is sufficient for moderate Breathing hath received Nerves as hath been explained there not only from the said Conjugation of Nerves but also from the Spinal Marrow great Nerves on both sides proceeding from its first pairs joyned together and descending to the Midriff for which cause it doth not fall out that the Breathing ceaseth unless both the Spinal Marrow and the Conjugations or paires of the Nerves be hurt together which can scarce be but about their beginning in the Brain as hath been said in an Apoplexy as neither can it be hinder'd in a Palsie unless the hurt befalling both the Paires and Conjugations of the Nerves and reaching also the Nerves of the Midriff The Nerves of the Midriff troubled with a Defluxion do cause an occult Asthma doth prejudice many motions yet it also comes to pass that especially the greater Nerves of the Midriff proceeding from the Spinal Marrow singly and soly troubled with defluxions or other Diseases may breed a certain Dyspnaea such as we have observed in the Asthmatical continually molesting the sick no other signs appearing of the Lungs affected By reason of the Muscles Natural and Vocal breathing faileth An affect of the Muscles of the Tongue is the cause of the Defect of Speech Of the Muscles of the defect of the Voice as the Speech if the Muscles moving the Tongue for we shal treat afterwards of the faults of the Tongue as it is an Instrument that is moved the Voice if the Muscle of the Larynx being troubled with Defluxions cannot do their office they by moving the Tongue these by dilating and straitenning the cleft of the Larynx for diversly shaping the Voyce Or if this happen from an Inflammation of them or some other Tumor hindering their Function But the defect of Natural Breathing sometimes happens by reason of a Disease of the Muscles that constitute and move the Breast neither doth Breathing suffer dammage only when we would make a strong breathing forth which these Muscles do chiefly perform but also if the cause be great Natural drawing in the breath is also hindered and that commonly from a Defluxion falling down upon the Muscles of the breast and the Intercostal A Disease of the muscles of the breast is the cause of a Dispnaea whence oftentimes follows a great streightness of the Breast with pain the which also comes to pass if these Muscles be bruised or inflamed whence Swellings and pains shew themselves outwardly and if this happens to the Muscles of the belly which also do move the breast and press forth the Excrements they can no longer exercise that vehement endeavor which is required by holding the breath and pressing these Muscles in the casting forth of Excrements The Midriff since it is the principal Organ of Natural breathing The Midriff affected by it self is the cause of a Dyspnaea if it be hurt not only by consent of its Nerves as hath been formerly declared but by it self then it is the chief cause of breathing hurt But this comes to pass especially if the Defluxion which fals down on its Nerves or slides into the intercostal Muscles doth reach also to the Midriff whence we have seen some vehemently tormented But if it be assaulted by other Diseases the motion of the Midriff is rather depraved than weakned as we shal explain there although it may also come to pass And by consent that the Midriff because it lurks free in the inner parts exposed every where to the internal heat being dried and bound up in a Burning Feaver upon that account a Dyspnoea may arise which oftentimes fals out in these Feavers but its motion is more commonly hindred if it be molested by Vapors Wind Humors or the Neighboring Bowels Vapors raised in the lower Belly of a manifest quantity or quality or malignant and poysonous and being gathered about this transverse space or Midriff and stopping there some time until they are carried further and hindering its free motion which is required in breathing by divers waies especially if they be plentiful sometimes induce a Dyspnaea sometimes fear of choaking and other accidents moreover both because the Midriff hath a great consent with the heart by reason of the Pericardium and with the Brain because it is a nervous part and hath eminent Nerves whence it comes to pass that if it be troubled it doth not only hinder breathing but also accidents of the Heart and Brain do follow and so much the more if furthermore the vapors from it do reach also to these principal parts the which if there be a malignant or poysonous quality in them may easily come to pass as also these are wont at other times to prejudice these parts the Midriff not being offended as we have said in the hurt of internal senses and shal shew in the affects of the Heart the which accidents yet do presently cease the Vapors being repeld or otherwise discust and dissipated or flying back by the motion of the Midriff unless by the continual arrival of the cause the Midriff be so molested or infected that either fome permanent Disease doth follow or most grievous accidents of the Functions of the mind do ensue which are wont to be hurt by the fault of the Midrif as that being inflamed we see a Phrensie doth follow whence they have called the Midriff Phrenas that is the Mind as the Falling-sickness Madness and at last the
Brain being long and much smitten an Apoplexy which evils these Symptoms of Suffocations invading oftentimes by fits are wont to foregoe and foretel But that such like Vapors are for the most part raised up from the Veins as from crude impure bad and Malignant blood yet not putrefied otherwise a Feaver would be caused hath been shown in a Madness and an Epilepsie for as there diversly here and there in the Body such vapors being raised from blood collected in the branches of the Vena Porta and Cava molesting the Brain do produce the forementioned accidents so also in the lower Belly cheifly being collected as in a sink of Excrementitious blood and abundantly in great plenty flying upwards to the Midrif and molesting that either they create Suffocation only or other discommodities moreover But from the Mesaraick Veins especially the greater dispersed every where about the Heart to the Bowels Vapors from the Mesaraick Veins affecting the Midrif the Cause of a Night-Mare and in which by reason of the many Excrements of the first Concoction impure blood is easily collected such like Vapors somtimes arising and stopping about the Midrif they produce a Suffocation which they call the night Mare which invades rather in the night then when Concoction ought to be made because at that time the evil Vapors collected therefore the most part are wont by the accession of Crudities to be increased and moved and to be carried upwards and by reason of lying down to torment the more Whence in their Dreams feeling these streits they Dream of divers causes whence they proceed and being often raised up if the Mind moreover be somwhat affected with them they remain in the same perswasion and though they being raised and set upright the Vapors being then discust the evil ceaseth yet often returning if the Fewel of the evil remains at last it threatens and brings more grievous accidents to the Brain as hath been said The cause of which evil certainly depends upon an ill course of Diet and that a long time continued as in other affects sprung also from Vapors there especially in Hypochondriacal Melancholly and Intermitting Feavers as hath been shown in them This is therefore an accustomary affect to Children and those of ripe Age who do sooner and longer offend in their Dyet In the Female sex this more commonly proceeds from the Veins of the Womb Vapors from the Veins of the Womb affecting the Midrif are the cause of the Suffocation of the Womb. in the strangulation of the Womb therefore so called which when being derived from the branches of the Vena Cava and many of them and great ones do creep along the Womb and its Membranes if the filth of the blood doth stop in them which from the whol Mass of it is wont to be purged thither in impure Bodies that at the set time it may be emptied by the Courses Which is wont to come to pass more commonly in the unmarried by a stoppage of the Courses not so easily in the married by reason of Copulation and the Vapors from thence assail the Midrif they produce divers kinds of Suffocations of the Womb as they prejudice the Midrif and the neighboring parts or those that consent with it and as the plenty and nature of those Vapors is diverse For if it hurt only the Midrif either it breeds only a Dyspnaea if the plenty or offense be less or if it be greater it breed only an Agony of Suffocation but if that it also brings hurt to the Stomach that is continued to the Midrif then with a Dyspnaea and Compression of the orifice of the Stomach which they call the heart Nauseousness Vomiting a Vertigo and pain of the Head being caused by consent the Hysterical accidents do shew themselves Which passions are wont to happen in great bellied Women at the first Month the young one being not yet increased nor able to consume the blood that is retained especially if it be impure from which also they take a sign that they are with Child Hysterical Women are far more grievously affected if these Vapors especially the Poysenous being communicated to the Heart too by reason of its communion as it hath been said do also bring dammage In which species the Motion of the Heart wholly ceasing all breathing also ceaseth and as it were seazed on by a Syncope the Virgins fall by degrees to the ground and are held in that fit some a short time others the space of an hour before they come to themselves But at other times the Midrif by reason of the consent which it hath with the Brain as hath been said or both together affected with these Vapors with the said strangulation of the Womb that called the Madness of the Womb or Convulsive Motions and other hurts of the Brain offended do manifest themselves All which also may be varied not only by reason of the parts affected but also if a Poysenous cause be joyned according to the divers Nature of the Poyson by which they are wont chiefly to beset this or that part as we have expounded in other diseases of the Womb that vitious blood breathing forth such like Vapors is generated from divers causes and collected about the Womb. Amongst which they have beleeved that the seed retained and corrupted is not the least cause in Virgins with whom this affect is familiar the which yet can scarce be as long as it is contained in its proper Vessels and if poured out of them it be retained it rather produces an Erosion of that part then such accidents as we shall explain elsewhere Winds filling the Capacity of the Belly because they distend that Wind hindering the Midrif is the cause of a Dyspnaea as also the Midrif which shuts up the upper parts of it they cause a Dyspnaea which also the puffings up with Wind of the Stomach and Cholick Gut that lies under the Stomach do effect by reason of the neerness and Adherency with the Midrif and they know that they proceed from thence by the murmuring and distension of that place but that they write that they would no waies have a Night-Mare to be caused by the same Winds or thick Vapors the far more grievous evils which do then fall out and follow from thence do sufficiently declare A watery Humor also distending the Belly and drawing a sunder the lower Ribs of the Breast A Humor possesssing the Midrif is the cause of a Dyspnaea extending the Midrif doth breed a difficulty of breathing in an ascites Dropsie as shall be declared in a Dropsie But the Humor which is collected in the Cavity of the Breast doth cause a Dyspnaea rather by hindering the Lungs then the Breast as we shall shew in the Lungs The Bowels lying under the Midrif and growing to it The Bowels hindring the Midrif are the cause of a Dyspnaea or hanging by it if they acquire too great a bulk drawing down the Midrif with
a lamentable sound Sighing may be in the sound and sick There is great Respiration in Yawning Yawning or Oscitation in which the Mouth is wide opened and the Air drawn in much and presently sent out with a doleful sound With this Pandiculation is commonly joyned as we shewed They are both in the sound and sick In the Hicket there is a short and interrupted Respiration Hickets the Air breaking forth with a sound in a moment It is in sound people and in sick a dangerous accident and holds many hours In Neesing Neesing there is a sudden sending forth of Air with more force and noise and a shaking of the whol Body It is many times together somtimes causing Tears and throwing out whatsoever is in the Jawes or Nostrils It foreruns Catarrhs and great Diseases as the Falling-sickness somtimes Hence come the crying of God bless you at that time as we shewed in Epilepsie It somtimes follows Diseases and puts an end to them and in some people it comes upon a slight occasion In a Cough the Air is thrown out with as much force as the other Coughing and with a noise but chiefly from the Mouth it is somtimes long somtimes short and returns usually sending humors to the Mouth that are spit forth afterwards then it is called a moist Cough as that in which nothing is voided is called a dry Cough and if it be smal Tussicula or a Kecking But if it be vehement it causeth Vomiting Weeping and Hoarsness by clamor or takes away the Voice And if it continue it causeth pain in the Breast and Belly by the shaking thereof This Cough may be in some Men from outward causes but in old men it is so usual that it seems a Natural Excretion In many Diseases it is troublesome and the chief Symptome There is a more strong and continued sending forth of wind in belching Belching in sound and sick it is stinking or otherwise In Vomiting Vomiting there is breathing forth with greater straining somtimes without matter sent forth and it is the Symptom of many Diseases lasting long and much afflicting There is also a Voluntary sending forth of Air from the Mouth and Nose in Vociferation or hollowing and in Anhelation which is hot breathing Vociferation Anhelation Sufflation and Exsufflation which is cold breathing Emunction Emunction or blowing of the Nose is voluntary with force and Noise sending forth Air and Humor with holding of the Nose that the part being strightned the sending forth may be more violent or else the Nostrils are open and the matter is snuffed out We cast out Humors voluntarily Spitting also by spitting with the Mouth contracted that the Wind may be stronger And by Hawking we ferch it out of the Jawes into the Mouth Hawking and so squirt it forth These two are somtimes Symptomes of Diseases Somtimes sound men have them from plenty of Humors in the Jaws or from custom As when Oratours spet at every ful point Hoarsness Hoarsness is when the Voyce is rough and unequal The Articulate Voyce or Speech is sent forth badly Stammering when men Stemmer in pronouncing some Letters But when they cannot speak them plainly it is to be referred to Speech diminished as we shewed in the defect of Respiration But when there is no defect but they pronounce some Letters with a double sound as R. then it belongs to Depraved Speech The Causes All the Causes of all the Kinds of Depraved Respiration are from the Heart and Organs of breathing Respiration and especially Inspiration is from the Heart to get vital Spirits And it is enlarged if there be not sufficient Air or when the Spirits are moved vehemently If the Heart be deprived of Air by respiration intermitting Affection of the mind is the cause of sighs which the heart must have for the generation of vital spirits then to recover what was lost it fetcheth a great Inspiration or Sigh by which the Air being largely attracted the Defect is made up Respiration is intermitted when the mind through affection is so intent upon other things that it forgets breathing til necessity constrains it and makes it greater The Cause of sighing or great Inspiration is the too much commotion of the spirits of the heart by reason the preturbation of mind with Pain Oppression and Suffocation of as we may perceive in passions For thereby the heart is cooled and refreshed as we perceive plainly in sighing And this is the cause rather than intermission and forgetfulness in regard in the night when we think of nothing we breath sufficiently Vehement motion of the whole body Vehement motion is the cause of quick breathing as Running Climing up a hil which dissipate the spirits is the cause of quick respiration to restore them not only to cool the heart for respiration may be from motion without heat Respiration is quicker if the body grow hot with too much pain whereby the Spirits are more consumed Heat is the cause of short breathing especially when the heart is hot also as it may be by hot houses as wel as motion also by violent motions of the mind as Anger Joy and Feavers in which one Symptom is short breathing And if the Organs of breathing are burdened or provoked the expiration is greater We shewed in depraved motion how the Organs of breath A Vapor Idleness or Imagination is the cause of yawning being burdened with vapors and desiring to relax themselves cause oscitation and pandiculation The Organs of Respiration being molested cause blowing or exsufflation when any of them being very sensible as the Membrane in the Aspera Arteria Lungs Nostrils Mouth Jaws Throat Stomach Guts and Midriff is offended whereby they labor to blow forth what hurts them and then the blowing is more or less according to the part affected And we shal now shew how it may come from divers causes splendor vapor air humors As a great Light as that of the Sun by disturbing the Eyes causeth tears The Brightness of the Sun is the cause of sneezing so it causeth snezing by affecting the sensible Tunicle of the Nostrils with which that of the Eyebrows hath consent in those that have thin humors or exquisite sense of those parts A sharp scent or vapor as that of Garlick A sharp Odour is the cause of sneezing Onions Mustard Radish causeth Tears and Neezing by pricking the Membrane of the Eyes and Nose Much cold Air drawn in Air and cold Water is the Cause of Coughing and Hoarsness that molesteth the Tunicle of the Jawes and rough Artery causeth a dry Cough with Hoarsness when by binding and drying it exasperateth and maketh rough the parts that should be smooth and slippery And then the Voice is lost and by causing a Defluxion it may by accident produce a moist Cough Cold Water drunk much doth the same and astringents much used If humors or other thick
Chyle from the Obstruction of the Meseraick Veins from abundance of blood in the Meseraicks and the Stomach therefore when they suck little or not at all there is little or no Appetite because the Stomach being full of blood desires no new juyce As in plethorick men that exercise not in regard the substance of the body consumeth slowly they have no such need of other juyce being it is slowly distributed these hunger little except they have gotten preternatural hunger from a custom of gorging The same comes from a stuffing of the Stomach with humors Slime Fat or Humors in the Stomach cause want of Appetite As when it abounds with Slime with which the Guts are naturally anointed and the stomach also and which the Butchers use to scrape away when they wash them Then the Stomach being covered with this slime waxing hard loseth sense and is satisfied therwith being sweet not so disagreeing as Chyle Fat and clammy meats cause this used immoderately Also this want of Appetite may come from fat which groweth on the left side of the stomachs bottom where it is found in Anatomies or about the orifice thereof as Fernelius observeth Also if any other humor or crude excrement unsavory waterish or slimy or flegmtaick bred of meat or drink or flowing thither from another part fill the stomach or stick fast thereto Moistness of Stomach causeth want of Thirst it destroyeth appetite in the like manner And if the stomach be continnally moistned thereby they never thirst If the stomach be greatly offended it causeth vomiting Offence of the stomach causeth loathing of some meats if but a little an inclination to vomit which is loathing called Nausea by which it disdaineth things therein and which ought to be taken This may come from sharp meats Medicines and Poysons Especially from Choler Yellow Green or Black in many Diseases that come thereof or other humors bred in the stomack or brought thither A hot distemper of the stomach taketh away appetite not only by relaxing it Heat of the stomach causeth want of Appetite but by causing Thirst because Thirst and Hunger cannot meet together in the Stomach and when one prevaileth the other is quiet as we shewed Also if the body be so hot from an internal or external cause so that the stomach be inflamed which causeth Thirst they desire drink rather than meat And if they use hot meats when the stomach is empty as when strong Wine is drunk at meat or sweet or spiced things be eaten first they lose Appetite And in all hot Diseases in which either the stomach alone or with other bowels adjacent or the whol body as in Feavers is inflamed the appetite is cast down Other Weaknesses which hinder Concoction and distribution Weakness of the Stomach causeth want of Appetite take away appetite which serveth them And if they be right the appetite is good These come from the birth or age or great Diseases and the Stomach digesteth slowly and less desireth meat And passions of the mind also ceaseth the Cardialgia or Stomach-pain and they who are grieved in mind and sad at heart lose appetite And in regard the Stomach being very seusible consenteth with so many darts it cometh to pass that the appetite is gone in divers Diseases of other parts Also if from stupefaction of the stomach in the sense of touching which is joyned with Tasting Dulness of the Stomach causeth want of Appetite it be decayed there is no appetite This may come from the use of Narcoticks especially from the Decoction of Nightshade in Wine which Mathiolus saith cureth the Glutton And I suppose the reason why Drunkards eat so little is not the heat of the Wine but the stupefactive quality thereof That natural Ferment or sharp juyce which is in the Stomach for Concoction The Leaven or Ferment of the Stomach being consumed causeth want of Appetite is the cause of want of Appetite in Man or Beast The Cure When sound men want Appetite and eat not with delight The Cure of Appetite dejected and loathing of Meat and Drink it must be cured but in other Diseases which have greater accidents it is not so much regarded especially when eating wil do hurt And when the Disease being cured it wil return though it be last and that by which we discover health Want of Thirst in regard it hurts not of its own self is cured if it be preternatural by no other than taking away the cause in the Stomach which breedeth other inconveniences Nausea or Loathing both in the sound and sick if it incline to Vomiting must be cured as we have shewed in Vomiting It is hard to cure the loathing of some meats which is natural from the Birth In all these kinds of what cause soever we must use these divers Medicines Custom is of great consequence to keep up appetite at a certain time therefore keeping constant meals accustometh nature to an appetite And without that there is a confusion as in other operations of nature And as we shewed in the causes custom is the cause of loving and loathing of some things we may alter it to the coutrary by degrees perswasions and deceits as we have seen in them that have hated Wine or Cheese Fasting is good if it come from Repletion of meat or Chyle or abundance of Blood or Fat or when the stomach is foul with slime or wet with water for it wil consume them all and they wil be taken away by the Meseraicks which are not idle But it is worst in Choler abounding Moderate execrcise and strong in those that can endure it stirreth up all the Functions and Appetite by distributing the meat rather then Concoction This must be before meat hence fome laboring men eat three or four times in a day and they who are idle scarse once in sick people that cannot excercise Frictions are good They say sleep takes of loathing but it provoketh not Appetite but by accident because distribution of the chile is rather in the time of waking and that done the Appetite presently returns Therefore we sooner hunger being awake between meals in the day time then in the night Vomiting is good if it proceed from Excrements Humors or Choller or the like in the Stomach And if they stick fast it must be caused by sharp cleansers as Oxymel and Syrup of Vineger with other Liquors If Vomiting doth it not Purge the Stomach especially with bitter things which cleanse and strengthen it with Aloes Pills of Hiera Alephanginae Or thus in any Humor Take Rheubarb Citrine Myrobalans of each one dram species Hiera two drams Mastick white Sanders of each half a scruple with syrup of Wormwood Make a Mass give one dram or sharpen them with Diagredium Or give Wormwood Wine with Rhubarb Myrobalans and Senna and if Flegm prevail with Agarick infused Other things restore Appetite by cooling if it be lost by heat either actually or Potentially
Serpent Dipsas such humors Galen saith may breed in the body and be turned into Poyson That it is no wonder that women with Child and Virgins that want their Terms should have the Pica Or others a depraved appetite from a Cacochymy or evil juyce The Cure Of the three kinds of evil Appetite if Hunger or Thirst cannot be satisfied The Cure of Bouimos or great Appetite of Thirst and Pica or if it be they are sick or pained at heart or Vomit or purge or if they be weak and faint for being satisfied this is to be cured And it is more easily done in Hunger than Thirst and great Hunger is easier taken away than satisfied When strange things are desired that must not be neglected because it signifieth a preternatural cause in the body as also because they delight in such things and think they cannot hurt which they find otherwise First be temperate in eating and drinking not too much nor too little especially after long fasting and sickness and then take a little and often such as is of good juyce and nourisheth wel and is easily concocted In other causes eat things that fil much and are solid and not soon digested yet in small quantity for as an evil custom maketh Gluttons and Drunkards that they are not well except ful so a good and decent custom takes away immoderate appetite and brings it into good order Vomiting is good if there be an evil humor that causeth it and if it come not of it self provoke it And in Dogs Appetite at the first before it is too violent provoke it to take away the cause In other cases vomiting increaseth it except it come from choler In which also thirst is raised which ceaseth when that is spent Purging is good in these cases mentioned both against Thirst and Hunger not in other except there be a Diarrhaea in which you must help nature to take away the cause with things that are gentle and astringe First preparing the Humor All these we choose by other observations than by the sharpness of flegm or melancholly And though purging cause thirst if it come from Choler they may be used If it come from Worms give bitter things to drive them down We use hot and dry things for the stomach when this Disease comes from humors after they are purged Which do not alter the coldness of the stomach but heat and dry it causing thirst which cureth hunger give meat actually and potentially hot spiced and sweetned which are best fasting And sweet Wine that is strong and spiced and Aqua vitae which the labouring people drink in the morning that they may better endure hunger Also hot medicines for the stomach as sweet sharp burning and wel scented Or anoynt foment or Plaister the stomach with hot things Or use exercise and Baths Things that loosen or are fat or viscous subvert the stomack and by greasing it take away the sense and Appetite as Butter Oyl Fat Glutinous as Calfes and Sheps Feet and if they be loathsom they are the better as they speak of roasted Dormice Things take away Appetite by propriety by their adverse force or loathsomness As Wine in which an Ele hath been drowned causeth men alwaies to loath Wine But this must do it by another quality if they that are ignorant of it are cured thereby Antidotes do the like if it come from venom Others stupifie the sense of the stomach as we shewed in the causes of dejected Appetite And Wine or spirit thereof taken fasting doth the same not by heating but stupifying And the infusion of nightshade roots in Wine Also Treacle and Mithridate with Wine are stupifying by reason of the Opium And other Opiates though no Antidotes abate Appetite but it will return again by taking Vinegar Cold and moist things Cure all sorts of thirst And Rhazis saith that cold or cold water hurts the actions of the Stomach largely taken and cold Air cures Hunger Drink doth this chiefly by wetting the dry Belly if it be actually cold and potentially also Water actually cold which we shewed to be potentially temperate is best either crude or boyled to take away the windines Or with sour Juyces or Vinegar or with Spirit of Vitriol-waters cure Thirst Wine may be given to them that are used to it especially if small or mixed with Water Also Milk to young Children and such as use it and Whey But they are prohibited in Diseases in which they corrupt easily An Emulsion of sweet Almonds in water called Almond-milk is pleasant Or Decoctions as that of Barley-water or beaten Bread or of cold Seeds or of Prunes Cherries Raysons with Cinnamon Anise Fennel c. Broaths of Flesh-Capons let the Fat be taken off restore and quench Thirst Beere or Ptisan with Juyces As Take Water two quarts Juyce of Pomegranates or Grapes two ounces Sugar half an ounce boyl them a little Or of distilled Waters Take Sorrel and Endive water each two pints Juyce of Currance and Grapes or Pomegranates each three ounces Juyce of Lemmons or Apples boyl them and sweeten them a little Julep Alexandrinum Take Rose-water one pint Sugar half a pound boyl them to a consistance add Water boyled Or thus Take Water one pint Rose-water four ounces Juyces of Cherries or Grapes two ounces Sugar four ounces boyl them Sharp Syrups as of Currance or Goos-berries Grapes Medlars Cherries Prunes Pomegranates Sorrel or Vinegar with Water or distilled Waters or Syrup of Violets The Juyce of ripe Anguriae or Pomegranates is good Other solid things to chew made of Sorrel or wood-sorrel Lettice Purslane Endive Succory Bugloss-flowers in Sallets Coleworts Rapes Apples boyled Bar-berries Medlars Peaches Apples Cherries Prunes Pomegranates Bar-berries Grapes Raisons green or dryed Liquorish chewed quencheth Thirst Also Sugar candy with Syrup of Violets held in the Mouth Manna Sugar of Roses and Conserves with Spirit of Vitriol Conserve of Violets candied Lettice Coleworts Guords Citrons Or Take Conserve of Roses two ounces of Sorrel one ounce of Violets Bugloss Water-lillies of each half an ounce of Currans as much as will make a sharp Electuary Take the Mucilage of Fleabane and Quince seed Gum Traganth extracted with Rose water with Sugar or Syrup convenient Make a Linctus Take of the Mucilages mentioned one ounce Syrup of Grapes half an ounce with Sugar Make a Linctus Or put seeds of Fleabane and Quinces in a clout and add Sugar cool it in water and lay it upon the Tongue Take the four cold seeds of each one dram Purslane seed Search juyce of Liquorish of each half a dram with Gum Traganth make Troches to hold in the mouth Or Troches of Salt-peter that is Salprunella with Sanders and Suger and Gum Traganth It is good to cool the mouth with water and Vineger Candied Coleworts or with Rose water or Sorrel water c. or to hold Crystal or a Stone or Ice in the mouth and chang it often Some anoynt the Tongue with Mucilage of seeds and
distemper which may cause a Feaver in tender bodies or an Inflamation or Erysipelas of divers forts according to the variety of the Flux if it enflame it begets a Feaver in which the inflamed blood somtimes falling out of the vessels as hereafter we shal shew may renew the old or cause new inflammations These feavers are simple and pure not putrid and as the heat of the Disease is they increase or abate and end before it be quite over except there be a suppuration or a new pain or putrefaction These symptomatical feavers are in divers hot Diseases of the Bowels Membranes and other parts And the more vehement or long as the Disease is neerer to the Heart and the parts adjacent or great Veins or as the heat is greater or the body by nature more hot as in Infants who have a Feaver many times only by the breeding of Teeth They are milder and shorter when they are from the fountain of heat or outwardly in these there is little heat but horror and somtimes not that The Cholerick humor being most hot A cholerick disease is the cause of the symptomatical Feaver of the Ephemera or Synochus seldom causeth these kind of feavers But when it is not in its proper place where it doth no hurt nor mixed with the blood nor qualified with the Whey which so tempereth it that it cannot produce a feaver as we observe in the Jaundies but separated into sensible parts the Stomach and Guts and gets into their substance causing Erysipelas about the Belly the fever Lipyria in which the inward parts burn with intollerable heat and pain as Aetius observes about those parts and great thirst except it be cast forth by nature it fires all the parts adjacent with the blood and Spirits and causeth small feavers which follow such Diseases These we often see in the disease of Choller when it is vomited and purged and in the Dysentery and in the Colick coming from Choller and Erysipelas in the Guts as we shal shew And they cannot be great feavers because their cause is far from the Heart and lodgeth about the Meseraick Veins If Blood inflamed from the causes aforesaid Some Blood inflamed sent out of the vessels into other parts causeth a Synoch primary accompanied get out of the great vessels into any part internal or external and inflame the heart and cause a Feaver as it usually doth by its plenty heat or thinness or impurity either at the beginning of a Feaver or after by the force of Nature as in the Crisis of these Feavers we may see by their bleeding at the Nose Then it causeth a new disease in the part where it comes and a Feaver which is accompanied therewith but not symptomatical because it follows not the Disease but goes before it as I shal shew And these observe not the course of other simple Feavers but being increased or abated by the accidents of the Disease they are longer or shorter greater or less And when nature hath sent a good quantity of burning blood from the Veins thy are not so hot nor so thirsty nor ful of Head-ach as in solitary Feavers And this chiefly when the blood flows into the bowels or superficies of the body Sometimes this flux of blood in Feavers is into the Bowels capable thereof The effusion of inflamed blood into the inward pars is the cause of Synochus accompanied with Inflammation of the Bowels especially such as are most fleshy and bloody and ful of Veins joyning to the great Veins and neer to the Heart and chiefly into the Lungs which it inflameth and causeth a Peripneumonia and somtimes Pleurisie as shal be said These Inflammations go not before the Feavers because the Feavers shew themselves before there is a pricking pain or signs of Inflammation with horror and heat following and sometimes go some hours afore Nor are they caused by those inflammations but as they were first raised from Feavers and increased by a new heat in some part neer the Heart which shews that the Feaver did not there first begin and that is not putrid as others thought because the heat rais'd from the Inflammation increaseth the feaver rather by its quantity then filthy quality Nor doth it acquire or get any putrefaction from the inflammation especially when it first comes except the blood suppurate and then as Hyppocrates saith it is increased But we suppose this may be rather from the pain that is then increased and not a new putrid feaver from a putrid exhalation because it presently ceaseth Except this happen from an Ulcer that follows these inflammations as when a Pleurisie or Peripneumony turns into Phthisis the feaver being turned into a putrid symptomatical Hectick or from blood which is putrified and sent out of the Veins as I shal shew in putrid feavers These happen as in the Lungs from the situation and for to receive the flux So may inflammations which follow these feavers and increase them be from blood in a Synoch sent into the Liver or Spleen because they are boody parts and have large vessels These feavers in all the said inflammations of bowels are longer than other solitary Synochs in respect of the Disease accompanying them And they vary as the inflammations are true as Phlegmons from whence some are called Phlegmonodes Or Erysipelas wherein the feaver is more sharp called Typhodeis though this name be proper to the feaver in the Erysipelas of the Liver As the feavers from the Erysipelas of the Lungs are called Crymodes The same may come from blood sent into the brain in feavers which hath large cavities and is easily filled And then an inflammation of the Brain is joyned with the fearver which turns suddenly with doting into a Pleurisie with a pain of the Head which went before and caused blood to come thither and makes the feaver more dangerous and violent This may be also in the Stomach Guts Womb Bladder when the blood is sent thither in feavers But when another way which leads into the fleshy parts being membranous have only meseraick veins or are far from the great vessels and the Heart it comes to pass that when these parts are inflamed by pain which comes quickly to such sensible parts that the feavers rather follow the Inflammation than go before them and are as is said symptomatical As that inflammation which is in fleshy parts which are not so sensible of pain comes from the feavers and is a symptom of them These Feavers send blood from the veins into other internal parts Inflamed blood sent into the habit of the body causeth a Synoch these inflammations are red and painful as in the muscles of the Neck and Glandules and maketh inflammations in the mouth Tongue and Jaws and Quinsie And though they begin not from feavers but other causes yet when a feaver comes they increase Somtimes these feavers go before pains and swellings of the Gout when Nature by them drives blood
into the Joynts and then they are red and swollen except the tumor lie very low So that such as are inclined to the Gout being easily taken with this Feaver Nature being used to disburden her self into the outward parts joynts or skin are subject to these Diseases Also albeit these feavers go before Defluxions or Catarrhs and promote them yet because they do it not by affording matter to them but by moving the flux with their heat they are not differing from solitary feavers though they may also be joyned with other diseases Nature doth often discharge blood into the superficies of the body Inflamed blood in a Feaver sent to the superficies of the body is the cause of Synoch with a Botch Erysipelas smal Pox Measles or Carbuncle the Skin especially Glandules and internal Membranes in these Synochs and cause there Redness Heat Tumors or Pustles sooner or later and as the blood is Pure Thin Thick Yellow Black or Waterish or impute yet not putrid as we shall shew the Tumor and Heat and Pain are different This Difference is chiesly in respect of Tumors and Pustles These Feavers often produce Tumors or Redness called Carbuncles These are so usual to some Natures by reason of the Heat Thinness and Waterishness of the blood or Impurity that they have them upon the least occasion at certain times if the blood be but a little inflamed nor do they spare old or gouty people They are diary as we shewed and a Tumor follows them seldom the same day but two or three daies after either in the Glandules of the great Veins in the Groyns Arm-pits and Chine if blood go along with them And these are with pain and sometimes with inflammation The blood often falling into the lowest parts of the Legs there is often an itching and then a burning in the Ankles and after a redness with Yellow or Black as the blood is in thickness if it be an Erysipelas Somtimes it swels and is inflamed if it be an Erysipelas with a Flegmon when better blood flows thither and if the blood bewaterish the whol Leg swels with an oedematous Erysipelas These have a Bubo or swelling in the Groyn going before them the feaver commonly abates at their coming forth so that former Writers were deceived that thought the feavers began with them and were symptoms to them which are the contrary for the feavers appeared before there was sign of inflammations And if the Glandules only swel there is no great heat and it cannot be from a feaver The smal Pox though it be usual in malignant feavers are somtimes in pure feavers And the Measles in Infants by reason of the fulness of blood or disposition to be inflamed they come forth the third or fourth day but in a pure feaver they are not infectious and depart themselves Nature labors also to do the same in Synochs not putrid if the blood be black which it desires to expel by a Carbuncle not pestilential either alone or with a Bubo And many fear they have the Plague through ignorance A Heat mixed with Foulness first raised from putrid humors or parts of the body A putrid heat causeth putrid Feavers and so carried to the Heart and inflaming it and sent from thence to all the parts of the body causeth putrid feavers which continue or return while the putrid vapors or humor go to the Heart which they wil do because they are bred in the Veins and Arteries by which they may be directly carried therunto For these go to the heart with great Orifices conveighing humors and spirits into it and they cannot be carried another way For if a stinking Vapor couldpass the the cavity of the Breast another way into the Heart to inflame it we should alwaies have a Feaver from the vapors sent from the Excrements which though thin and hot so that they may be let flie and burned to flame yet cannot reach the upper parts to infect them unless it be by making a stinking breath As we shall shew And although a poyson or venemous quality can reach the heart wheresoever it is bred or by any passage yet these vapors bred in a thick putrid matter constrained to a certain place but by the manifest passages aforesaid By which means as a simple heat sent to the heart in the spirits and blood causeth a pure simple Feaver so doth a putrid vapour or matter by the same way cause a putrid Feaver which is divers according to the divers places in which the matter is bred which matter also is not alwayes of the same Nature The stinking Matter is either bred in the veins or arteries or out of the vessels in the humor of some part or substance thereof The Humors that cause putrid Feavers either putrifie in the vessels that is the veins and arteries either continued to the heart or in them that are not joyned by continuity to the heart but can send a vapour by vessels that are continued And this is cause why among putrid Feavers some are continual others intermitting The vessels continued to the Heart are the Veins and Arteries except the Mesaraicks Foulness of blood in the vessels continued to the Heart is the cause of putrid continual Feavers If any humor putrifie in these being largest and dispersed through the whol body because the way is open to the Heart the vapor and part of the humor go to the Heart and sets it on fire causing continual feavers because the cause is included in the vessels These if they kill not by the vehemency of the cause and the Disease or melt the body with heat go slowly off and and continue til the heat of the Feaver hath consumed the mattter by Vapors and Nature hath made Concoction of it and discharged it by a perfect Crisis The humor putrifying in the vessels is blood which being too hot and moist easily putrifieth as we may observe by it out of the vessels But all wil not putrifie but from a great fault but a little only some remaining good though by reason of the Disease and fasting the Patient gets no new and this is separated from the bad into other places And if it were mixed and grew hot yet it did not stink but the filth being separated it returns to its former purity As we observe in letting blood it flows somtimes pure somtimes impure and somtimes confused or mixed Moreover though blood hath divers parts yet one cannot be corrupted alone but all is made thinner thicker or fatter rather than cruder which cannot make perfect blood as I shewed for the blood in the Veins is made of them not distinct but confused or mixed though they seem divided in cold blood and there is no part of blood but is made of them This is manifest by the Urin and Sweat when the serum is putrified Hence are divers sorts of putrid feavers not because divers parts thereof called humors as Blood Flegm Choller or Melancholly are
corrupted but from the place in which the humors putrifie and the diversity of the blood so corrupted There are distinct Feavers in respect of the place wherein the humor corrupteth first in the respect of the veins and arteries The corrupt Blood that causeth putrid Feavers is constantly in the branches of the hollow Vein and in the greatest of them in which more may be contained and from which the Heart may be sooner reached which cannot be done in the least branches Therefore in the trunk of the hollow Vein which passeth upwards and downwards from the Heart by the Back-bone or in the great branches that come from it into Throat and Groyns this corruption of blood being contained and alwaies disturbing the heart it causeth divers putrid feavers as the filth is nearer or further the Heart Any corruption near the Heart which sends it self Corruption of blood in the hollow Vein near the Heart is the cause of putrid Synoch causon Leipyria or vapors to it maketh a Synoch feaver which increaseth or decreaseth or stands at a stay according to the corruption And in a causon or bruning feaver because its heat is near the Heart there is no manifest change because the heat is equal especially when the heat is at the height and cannot be raised but by death Yet the Patient may find about the Breast Midriff Back where the corruption lodgeth a burning which troubleth the Heart and parts adjacent And this is the cause why in a Leipyria which is a sort of causon that the inward parts do burn When the corruption is in the branches of the hollow Vein distant from the Heart Blood corrupted in the hollow Vein remote from the heart is the cause of a Synoch exasperated because it causeth not so much heating it begets Feavers with fits which have different heat For when the Vapors whose matter is forced of are hindered by the long passages and cannot come in order and the same measure to the Heart it comes to pass when it is increased it comes with more violence and encreaseth both the heat and fits without horror as at the first because the feaver was before These fits go away when the Vapors are discussed but not the feaver for heat once kindled although the cause abate cannot thereby be extinguished as we shewed concerning simple heat from an external cause which cause being removed the Feaver ceaseth not till the Heart return to its former temper And this is the true cause of fits which come somtimes twice in a day when the stinking vapor is much and not far off and the other day once because the day before some part was discussed and keep or change their course in respect of the cause which acteth Also when the cause is far of or is less the fits come every third day at first and so continue for a time seldom the fourth or every other day For which causes these putrid continual Feavers are called ordinate or inordinate quotidians Tertians or quarrans But in those whose cause lurketh in the Veins remote from the Heart there is a heaviness or pain or burning in the part where the matter lodgeth in the Neck Loynes or Joynts There is alwaies a pain of the heart also not that the matter lodgeth there but from the hot Vapors Also in all these putrid Feavers whether the matter be near or far from the Heart A Portion of putrid blood which causeth a putrid Feaver sent from the hollow Vein into other parts causeth continual Feavers accompanied with other Diseases a part of it may be forced by nature out of the Veins as in pure Feavers by which she is disburdned into some internal or external parts producing Tumors Pustles or Spots which are not signes of Inflamation but Putrefaction As in Children the smal Pox and Meazles break forth as Fernelius saith plentifully in a Feaver like a putrid Synoch but they are not infections but in Malignant Feavers It is a question whether blood can thus corrupt in the Arteries to cause Feavers Corruption of blood in the great Artery causeth a burning Feaver For it being hot and spritful may easily burne and conveigh a a simple pure Feaver to the Heart but it can scarse alone or seperated from the blood of the hollow Vein which is very pure be corrupted though with it it may or be infected by neighboring humors especially because vapors that come from putrid blood are carried that way to the Heart both in putrid and intermitting Feavers But if corruption should be in the Arteries from the causes aforesaid the feaver will be most violent as in a causon when corruption is in the trunk of the great Artery near the Heart These feavers also differ in respect of the blood in respect of its temper or distemper before it caused them Temperate blood which offendeth only in quantity and which is not naturally inclined to putrefaction if it corrupt Corruption of temperate blood in the Vessels is the cause of a putrid Synoch causeth a putrid Synoch which is either made so from a Simple Synoch wherein the blood was first inflamed and then corrupted or from the external causes at the first Therefore some call the beginning of them putrid Ephemera which come from outward Causes But we because this putrid heat ends not in one or somtimes many dayes as a simple doth cannot call the ephemeral but putrid Synochus because in them the heat is milder then in other continual putrid Feavers and more equal from the temper of the blood having no fits from the equality of the blood and because being near the heart in the great vessels it is first afflicted with the external causes and so the heart beats with an even Pulse As we shewed If the blood be distempered Corruption of hot blood in the Vessels causeth a burning Feaver before it corrupt it must be hotter then ordinary for if it be too cold or crude it rather causeth Cachexy or ill habit of Body then Feavers And if it be so Corruption of hot blood in the hollow Veins and Arteries near the Heart causeth a melting Feaver before the feaver come whether it be too thin or too thick or corrupted it causeth Inflamation and the more when it is in the Arteries or any place near the Heart hence come burning feavers continuing in the same state so violently burning that except they kill the substance of the Heart is melted away therewith and dryed so that the whol body consumeth as we shewed in a melting feaver Praeternatural Heat or fault in the blood is the antecedent Cause of Corruption of it in the Veins If the blood beinflamed with heat we shewed that it caused diary feavers within a sanguine and full Body as we shewed in a simple Synoch except the heat abate of it self or by cooling medicines cause a suppuration either in the blood or in the parts So that the mass of blood being corrupted by long
heat there is not a simple heat but a compounded feaver with putrefaction And this is the cause why a Synoch not ending the second or third day becomes putrid This is known by the signs of an Ephemera and simple Synoch the one whereof is that the heat began externally And this is the reason why fulness of blood which many say is the cause of putrid feavers causeth a change of simple feavers into putrid Foul or evil blood which hath the seeds of corruption in it or is disposed thereunto if it be gone so far by its plenty or corruption that nature cannot order it that is amend or purge it causeth by putrefaction divers putrid feavers differing according to the place wherein or the matter of which the putrefaction is These are foreseen before they come by a constitution not perfectly sound nor sick by reason of some secret fault in the blood in which there is a laziness haviness and pain of the Head troublesom dreams stretching of the sides or Hypochondria Heart pain Nauseousness loathing of Meat change and stink of usual Excrements or not usual as sweat spitting vomiting belching This fault of blood comes either from things taken in or from Excrements retained or from outward things Things taken as meat and drink which are the matter of which blood is caused if they be of evil juyce or corrupt cause this fault in the blood Meats of evil juyce though after they are eaten they are somwhat changed by concoction and turned into blood yet in regard the former condition remains if they be often taken produce these putrid feavers which are popular or common when the meats ordinary eaten by most people from necessity are such as Herbs and Fruits or Corn eaten in too much plenty when unsound as in time of dearth these infect the blood and cause Epidemical Feavers in Cities and Armies Also if the food be naturally good and be putrified before it be taken it infects the blood As when they are too old or corrupt by too much moisture whether Flesh Fish or Cheese by stink and Putrefaction being long taken infect the Blood and cause Feavers And common Feavers come by corrupt Water Bread or Flesh at Sea or from Corn that is mowed up wet Those most easily corrupt being eaten which have much Excrementitious moisture as summer fruits the eating of these in summer abundantly causeth Feavers in Autumn or the Spring following Things that nourish as Mâ—â—k and Eggs or sweer things soon corrupt in hot Stomacks and turn to Choler which causeth other Diseases rather then Feavers So do hard Meats and slimy when the Stomack Liver or Spleen are afflicted for want of concoction cause crude blood and obstructions rather than Feavers Except there be other accidents The retention of the Vapors and Excrements of blood usually sent forth by insensible Transpiration or sweat infects the blood and causeth Feavers This may be from divers causes from idlness and sluggishness of nature in expelling of Excrements obstruction of the Skin and pores thereof and want of Aire Not that the blood is inflamed and then corrupted for want of Air through the pores to cool it as we shewed in the causes of a Diary Feaver Nor that it can come from a sudden cold taken in while the body is hot But because the skin being made thick the Excrements usually purged by the pores cannot come forth And because the body cannot be refreshed with Air to consume the moist Excrements under the skin As we may observe by things kept in close places where fresh Air comes not they grow mouldy and musty so by the long retention of these moist Excrements for want of Air the blood may be infected and Feavers follow When the Air is infected with evil Vapors from stinking Carkases and taken constantly into the body it infects the Spirits Blood and Heart and causeth putrid Feavers and they are somtimes popular when many live in it and are disposed for it Or contagious when the putrefaction comes from the breath or sweat of sick men This is from a malignant or venemous quality rather then a simple corruption The vessels not continued to the heart of veins and arteries are only the meseraicks Corruption of blood in the meseraicks is the cause of intermitting putrid Fevers branches of the gate-vein which comes from the liver dispersed through the bowels in the lower belly and no where else never coming forth to the skin but in the Fundament where they are called Haemorrhoids For the Arteries which accompany these as also those that accompany the branches of the hollow Vein coming all from the great Artery are continued to the Heart thereby Therefore if a humor corrupt in the meseraicks though their passage be intercepted by the substance of the Liver in which all their branches are yet because the branches of the hollow Vein are also in the same substance of the Liver and are joyned to the mouths of of the branches of the Gate-vein and because there is a constant passage of the Blood in the Liver by them And also because the Arteries coming to the Heart are joyned to the Meseraicks in the Spleen Stomach and Guts By this communion and vicinity it happens that as oft as evil vapors rising from the Meseraicks do fill the branches of the hollow Vein and great Artery they pass that way to the Heart and cause putrid Feavers by their stink but these are not continual but intermitting And because the putrid Matter is not far from the Heart in continual Feavers they may a little intermit but not wholly cease For the Heart once on fire before it be wholly quenched and a new vapor in the Veins that come unto it must have fits at certain times As we shewed Also this is from other Causes a filthy vapor in the Meseraicks which causeth a Feaver which doth not constantly touch the Heart with the same force by reason of the distance this is not alwayes unequal but wholly ceaseth by reason of the stoppage of passages to the Heart And so long intermitteth while the putrid Matter confined to its fire swells and sends forth a vapor to the Heart with some of it self For it being abundant and of an evil quality provoketh Nature to send it into the branches of the hollow Vein and great Artery and so into the Heart where it causeth Feavers to continue so long till all the fuel be burnt up or sweat out After which manner a Feaver wholly ceaseth till a new fit cometh by a new motion and heat of the Matter sooner or later and not in the same form As shall be shewed Now let us consider what humor it is that putrifieth in the Meseraicks what is the conjunct cause of intermitting Feavers and the antecedent Cause of Corruption The humor contained in the Meseraicks is Blood yet not so pure as that in the Liver purged from the waterish and cholerick Excrements and fit for nourishment although some part
of thick blood in the Mesaracauseth an intermitting quartan or sextan exquisite or Nothus as the mater is pure or impure because it is longer corrupting it requires a longer time to get to the Heart to make a fever therefore the fit is not til the fourth day and it is called a Quartan This comes sooner or later is exquisite or bastard hath a shorter or longer course for the same cause that a Tertian from which in heat and other accidents it is much different only by reason of thickness of the humor it is longer and worse to be abated And if the matter grow so tough that it corrupteth not under five or six daies to send up vapors that cause a feaver then these feavers which are rare are called quintans or sextans These vary according to the place as the matter is in one or divers places If in the same it putrifie the feaver is a simple-tertian or quartan exquisite or Nothus in respect of the matter If in divers places it wil be either in the Mesaraicks only or also in the branches of the hollow vein If Choller corrupt in the Meseraicks only not in one but two or three places about the Liver The cause of a double tertian or triple quartan or confused is when thin blood putrifieth in one place and thick in another place of the Mesaraicks Spleen Mesentery or Caul the feaver is double or treble and one ceasing another follows the the next day or the same Hence it is that Quotidians are not as some talk from flegm though they cannot prove it for they are double tertians or treble quartans which have every day a fit or more for I observed in a double bastard tertian two fits in a day and three in twenty four hours And to these may the double quartanes which come two daies and intermit one be referd and as these are when Choller of the same nature corrupts in divers places And when the Choller is divers in divers places as thick in one thin in another there are Tertians mixed confusedly with Quartans divers daies These are known by their symptoms If blood corrupt not only in the Mesaraicks but Branches of the hollow Vein Asemi tertian is caused by corrnption of blood in the Mesaraicks and vessels continued to the Heart at the same time then there is a continual with an intermitting feaver called a semi tertian where in respect of the diversity of the matter tertians or quartans single or double bastard or legitimate are joyned with a continual feaver that either hath no fits or upon certain daies Hence it is that the feaver is alwaies either with sharpness from the continual or fits from the tertian The antecedent cause of this corruption in the humors of the Meseraicks which causeth fevers is either efficient or adjuvant The efficient is meat and drink by which hot sharp chollerick or burnt juvce is bred in the stomach or first passages This being long gathered nor wel separated from the blood but in the Mesaraicks or another place or divers when it corrupteth it causeth feavers agreeable to its humor shorter or longer or otherwise differing This juyce comes from food that hath such in it self or gets it by corruption These have sharp chollerick juyce Onions Garlick Leeks Rotten Cheese and like naturally By corruption these turn into such juyce especially in hot stomachs Sweet things which easily turn into choler and fat Raw fruits by eating whereof in Autumn come Dysenteries or bloody fluxes from choller and also quartans Also other moist meats as Eggs and Milk which nourish much by corruption turn into sharpest choller of which this filth proceeding if it be not purged it is carried into the Veins and gets feavers though the vulgar impute them to other causes The cause adjuvant is the disposition of body in respect of constitution or season They who are hot and chollerick are soonest taken and they of middle age and Infants by intemperance and have the matter from the Womb like black chollerick blood and bring these feavers into the world with them Somtimes they suck them from their Nurse as March 27. 1640. I had a Son born in the seventh month when the Mother had the third fit of a bastard tertian which had at first the feaver at the same time with the Mother and two sits after it had sucked and in the third with some light Couvulsions it departed being not fourteen daies old Sometimes old men have them but they are seldom The hottest time of the yeer and when the diet is worst is the time to get Agues in Autum tertians and quartans are usual by reason of the Summer Diet in Spring and Summer Tertians are frequent Putrefaction out of the Veins and Arteries causeth feavers Corruption out of the Vessels is the cause of gentle symptomatical Feavers when it sends evil vapors or corruption to the Heart and afflicteth it with a stinking heat hence come symptomatical feavers which follow a disease caused by this cortuption These are gentle and unequal because the matter out of the vessels cannot send to the Heart so much as when it is in the vessels nor keep that order these are quicker or slower to the tast as the matter is either in a Natural or Pretertatural humor or a Natural or preternatural body or part thereof When a few humors contained out of the vessels corrupt without the putrefaction of the parts containining they cause putied feavers Corruption of some humors out of the vessels causeth gentle symptomatical Feavers Some say all humors whether hot or moist being corrupted out of the vessels wil cause it but this we shal examin These are hot viz. natural blood falling out of the Veins and divers cholerick excrements These are moist the waterish and flegmatick humor If blood flow from the veins into any part and cause inflammation it causeth only a pure symptomatical fever and not a putrid though it corrupt except the part corrupt also But if blood coming from veins open or broken congeal and by continuance corrupt especially in great quantity and in a place neer the Heart as in the breast and Lungs then putrid but gentle Fevers follow these Affects or Diseases but seldom when it is in the stomach or Guts because it cannot stay long there or in the Reins or Bladder because the Urine washeth it away If either that Choler which comes from the Mesaraicks into the Gall or Spleen to be purged as they say or that which breeds in the stomach of things eaten either corrupt in its own place or in another some think it begets putrid Fevers if yellow Tertians if black quartans exquisite or Nothus as it is pure or mixed But we not observing any such black Choler in the substance of the Spleen and perceiving no Gall or Bladder to receive it as there is for the yellow Choler in the Liver and knowing that the use of the Spleen is more excellent
than to be the Receiver of Melancholy nor finding any other black Choler than that which is made of the yellow cannot be convinced that such a humor in the Spleen can produce either quartan or other Agues And if they call the melancholick juyce corrupted so and make it the cause of a quartane we wil not grant that to be in the substance of the Spleen or elswhere distinct from the blood whose dreg it is But if they understand by it the thickest part of the blood in that they confirm our Opinion which teacheth that some of the blood in the Mesaraicks corrupting causeth intermitting fevers because Faeculent blood is rather in the great Veins of the Mesaraicks than in the smal of the Spleen by reason of the plenty of Arteries filled with thin rather than thick blood In which Mesaraicks if corruption in the dregs of blood causeth quartans as they grant then they must confess that the cause of Tertians is from the same blood but in a divers part as we shewed But we do not affirm either excrementitious choler gathered out of the Veins whether yellow green or black to be the cause of intermitting fevers if it putrifie in regard it is a very hot and sharp humor being in the Belly especially if it corrupt or be heated more and it causeth rather Colicks Heart-pains Vomitings and Cholerick fluxes by pulling the parts than Fevers except by inflammation through pain there be a little fever which seldom follows these Diseases And if it be so hot it cannot stay so long to raise corrupt vapors and send them to the Heart to cause a fever but this being moved and hot by a feverish heat brings forth accidents that signifie Choler as we shewed of which the fever is rather the cause than Choler the Cause of of the Fever which being naturally mixed with the excrements and corrupting with them and sending stinking vapors doth not infect the superior parts They say that superfluous flegm in the Stomach Guts Mesentery and about the Bowels corrupting causeth Agues called Quotidians and if it be glassie or sharp Epiala's And some say that the corruption of waterish flegm causeth a gentle Fever in Dropsies called Leucophlegm and Cachecticks But how can slegm which is cold get so much heat from putrefaction that it may produce sharp and hot vapors to cause Fevers because if it be long kept and the part be hot it wil turn rather slimy than putrid And no Authors mention any kind of putrid flegm moreover these Fevers answer to the three humors excrementitious as they say viz. to Flegm Choler and Melancholy And there is another cause of Epiala in which heat and cold are both at a time As for the waterish flegm that brings a Fever we shal shew treating of the serum that serum is the cause there of and not flegm For as Serum or Whey washeth the blood and by its moisture allay's the heat and the Choler in the Blood in the Jaundies So when it is mixed in the Meseraicks with Cholerick blood putrified in a great quantity it causeth lingring and long bastard Fevers But this Whey being separated from the blood into the Abdomen that is Belly or Breast or under the Skin and there contained a long time corrupting and turning stinking and sharp as we have often seen it green and stinking when it hath been let out in Dropsies It causeth little Feavers especially when it is near the Heart being hot and thin and corrupting the parts that contain it Such Feavers are in Virgins that have the green sickness saith Fernelius Fleshy moist Bodies because they easily corrupt and so have a preternatural heat beget putrid Fever caused by the humors which are out of their vessels whether they be Natural as parts of the Body or contained in the Body as a dead Child or Secundine or preternatural as Worms Corruption of some parts of the body Corruption of some parts causeth gentle symptomatical Feavers causeth gentle putrid Fevers if any part of the corruption or Vapor from it get to the heart And these are of long continuance especially if there be corruption of any noble part or neer the Heart by which means viz. the continuance of the Fever and corruption of the part the body consumeth This corruption begins from some humor fixed and stinking corroding or infecting the part Or from an Ulcer or Imposthume after Inflammation or outward hurt or a Vein broken We shal shew the reason why this falling in some parts causeth Fevers in others not In the Phthisis or Consumption the Lungs are usuallyulcerated corrupt and filthy and consumed for the most part and the heart being constantly by their neerness infected there is a gentle symptomatical Fever which turns into an Hectick which from the loss of a noble part makes the whol body lean and destroyeth it Corruption of the Liver and Spleen by reason their substance is alike cometh from the same causes in both which we find often after Death with great stink and it brings lingring symptomatical Fevers which produce Atrophy and Cachexy and the vulgar take to be Hecticks from the want of blood most usual in Virgins and Children such Children may have at the time of sucking and in the smal Pox when they refuse drink and want moisture to cool them the Liver growing hot hard or swollen Corruption of the Reins causeth no constant Fever because it goes away by Urin neither doth the body pine away for if one Kidney be consumed the other wil officiate for it so a man may be long preserved The Brain and the Heart being noble parts cannot be corrupted to produce a Fever while a man is living Though Ulcers have been observed in the Heart which have caused Death before a Fever Also corruption in the Membranous parts about the Stomach Guts Bladder and Womb the Mesentery and Cawl causeth a lingring Fever Also in any part of the body inward or outward and the farther from the Heart the corruption is the more uneven is the Fever and intermitting If the Child in the Womb with the Secundine joyned by the Vessels to the Womb be putrified and continue til the Womb be infected and other adjacent parts as I have seen there is a Fever of the same sort which disturbeth the body after a divers manner and is long if the Patient die not Also preternatural things bred in the body Corruption of preternatural bodies causeth lingring symptomatical Fevers as Worms or Flesh joyn to other parts corrupting and infecting other parts produce the same Fevers which shake and consume the body but not except they corrupt albeit Infants that have live Worms are feverish and it is like a Synoch from an external cause sharp not gentle and as that hath other accidents so in this Children have Worms A great heat with a malignant quality strikeing the Heart gets constant malignant Fevers and if it infect others contagious thus differing as the heat
comes only from malignity or corruption with malignity Corruption with a malignant quality A malignant putrid heat causeth putrid malignant Fevers not only offending the Heart by it self as we shewed in putrid Fevers but with malignity causeth malignant and contagious but not pestilential Fevers these are in Infants in the Meazles and smal Pox seldom in men but in them it causeth common Epidemical Fevers without Bubo or Carbuncle or great symptoms but Head-ach and doting which destroy We shal shew how this corruption gets malignity and in what place and what is the cause thereof The place in which this corruption is bred is the same in which simple corruption is bred in the vessels of the hollow Vein or in the Meseraicks or without them and it is as I shewed in the same humors and bodies If blood corrupt in the great vessels of the hollow Veiu Corruption of blood in the vessels that go to the Heart causeth putrid malignant continual Fevers and of divers sorts from the same causes as other putrid Fevers are divers and hath a venemous quality which is communicated to the heart by the vessels as we shewed in putrid Fevers disturbing it with stinking and malignant heat it causeth continual Fevers dangerous for two qualities In which if Nature send any of that malignant blood into the pores of the Skin or the Membranes it causeth Spots and Pimples smal Pox and Measles aforesaid but if not nothing breaks forth but some small spots which declare the secret venom and Death But then these Fevers differ in respect of the corruption and malignity which meet together The fevers that come from putrefaction of blood are like putrid Synochs and other continual Fevers and as the blood corrupted was temperate or distempered or is neer the Heart or farther off the symptoms are better or worse and the whol course of the Disease varieth Hence some of these are like Synochs and have no strong Fits as in Children of the small Pox when Nature sends the filth forth the Fever is milder In malignant Fevers in men if the Corruption be not great and apear not in Urin or Blood there is great heat and accidents following And if the Corruption increase in an intemperate body neer the Heart or other princcipal part then it begins with Horror and Heat as other continual Fevers and somtimes it is like a Causon or burning Fever in the symptomes From a malign quality joyned with Corruption if it prevail and weaken the Heart in regard Nature being hindered cannot valiantly and in order encounter the Disease it happens these fevers whether less or greater or more hot keep not a certain motion nor time by which they are to be known Yet somtimes they end with a Crisis Those like Synochs putrid end not so but by filth sent forth as in the small Pox. Choler in the Meseraicks if it be malignant as wel as putrid it produceth intermitting malignant Fevers if it be green blew or black and venemous Nature offended therewith presently labors to expel it by fluxes or Vomits and a malignant intermiting Fever is seldom seen but if it come by the long reteining of that malignity those Stools or Vomitings are deadly When humors corrupt out of the Vessels in regard they can scarce produce simple Fevers If malignity happen it begets not putrid malignant Fevers but swounings Convulsions and other accidents and if there be venom which of it self causeth Fevers without putrefaction then it begets such Fevers which may come only from malignity of which hereafter The cause of this malignant quality in the blood joyned to Corruption from whence these putrid malignant Fevers arise is either from things about us or things taken in and retained Air or other bodies about us if they be not only unclean but malignant and we receive the malignity by breath or touching to infect the blood then it produceth these Fevers especially when the blood was foul before When it comes from things about us it comes from great changes or exhalations Change of Seasons or inordinate great and sudden tempests foreshewed by Meteors going afore or then appearing or demonstrated rather than caused cause these faults in the Air which produce these malignant epidemical Fevers like the Plague Among these is a wet spring with much Southerly Wind. Exhalations stinking and venemous coming from the Earth Ditches or Pools and the excrements of living Creatures formerly infected as sweat breath bodies pollute the Air to infect the body and cause these Fevers most common to them that live in the place from whence the seed of the infection sprang Corrupt Diet which not only fouls the blood but is malignant if it offend the blood caused by it both waies makes not only simple but malignant Fevers such as they have who have been in a Famine as the Greek Proverb is After a Famine comes a Plague Corrupt blood long retained in the body as when it is sent out of the Veins into some part and turns venemous causeth such symptoms as they have who are stung with venemous Beasts Also Blood corrupted in the Veins and growing old where it cannot produce a Fever and malignant causeth not only putrid Fevers but malignant and spotted Fevers these are in some men of impure constitutions when there is no epidemical Fever that have been il disposed a long time before This malignity is known by the sudden failing of strength spots and other signs of secret poyson Al so Infants though Nature presently casts forth the venom have such Fevers from the same cause by which they cast off the filth of blood they brought with them and after they renew their bodies by Scabs and Itch and other natural purgations This came not only from the Mothers Courses as they suppose because the Child is not nourished in the Womb with impure but good blood and the excrements gathered to the time of bringing forth after the Child is born are sent forth by stool not only red and green but black But there may be new corruption and venom from change of Diet. A malignant quality alone and without corruption may cause a Fever pestilential and venemous A malignant heat is the only cause of malignant Fevers This quality is seldom seen in the body but a Corruption went afore it to which it is joyned such as hath power to strike the Heatt as soon as it is taken and to infect it and the whol body spirits humors and parts getting Fevers like Ephemâ—â—a's or Synochs with great weakness alone or joyned with other Dâ—eases But these Fevers differ in respect of the Poyson taken in For there are divers sorts of Poysons which strike at divers parts of the body and afflict the Heart and some inflame it and cause Fevers and indeed we cannot declare what this propriety is but we know by the effect that it doth so We shal therefore make two kinds of poysons which cause Fevers from the diversity of
the effects which they produce The one we wil call manifest inflaming poyson the other secret pestilent poyson We conclude that there is an inflaming Poyson from stinging and biting of venemous Beasts which causeth venemous Fevers Inflaming poyson is the cause of malignant venemous Fevers from inflammation of the whol body great Thirst Horror and Shivering as Nicander and Dioscorides describe it Nicander that the biting of the Serpent Dipsas inflames the Heart These Fevers are proper to them that are so stung and have the aforesaid and other accidents In which if any part of the Venom be sent forth by nature to the extream parts there are blew spots in the Skin And sometimes there are Bubo's as in the Plague as Nicander saith when they are stung with the Serpent Cerasta and have great pain in both Groyns somtimes where the sting is and the poyson entred there is a Pustle or Inflammation which shews the way by which the Poyson entered A Pestilent Poyson of what kind soever causeth a Pestilent Feaver Pestilent Poyson causeth Malignant Pestilent Feavers for there is seldom a Plague without a Feaver though in some it is discovered only by the Pulse this is deadly and contagious or the cause of Popular infection It is manifest that this Pestilent poyson comes first to the Body from without because it striks a Man suddenly But when it invadeth privately we know not the place whence it came being internal except we suspect some body that was infected and near the Patient Some say this Venom is in the Air and gets into the Bodies therewith either sent from Heaven into it or by change or exhalations it is so corrupted that it hath not only malignity to cause putrid malignant Feavers but also Pestilence But omitting many other Arguments We shall conclude it not so from hence That after great and long tempests though there be other Diseases there is often no Plague especially where the Contagion of dead Bodies is avoided And the Plague is many times when no change of times or Stars went afore or is present as in the year 1564. in that great Plague in Germany no man could accuse the Air of Intemperance But chiefly if the Plague should arise from a poysoned Air every Man that breaths therein should be infected because it is the Nature of Poysons that being contrary to us in their whole substance they sease upon Bodies howsoever they are disposed This coming to pass that the Plague taking but here and there some that are in the same Air we cannot conclude that it is in the Air and so communicated to Mankind But it is more probable that as other Poysons are bred in some Bodies from the beginning of the World so this pestilent poyson is not only in some bodies infected and others not feaverish as yet but in their Cloaths and so passeth from body to body not only by touching but by the Air intervening This Pestilent Poyson taken by breathing in presently strikes the Heart and makes a Feaver in a moment Or getting into some part of the Body gets by degrees into the Heart by secret passages Or staying there somtimes infects the Body but not with a Pestilent Feaver But by this the same body or another may be infected sooner or later Hence it is that some infected persons flying from the place infected to another where there is no infection and there staying have the Plague after many daies or infect others before they are themselves infected therewith As we know by experience and Fernelius witnesseth that a Harlot that hath laien with a man that hath the Pox hath not been infected herself and yet hath given the Pox to another And therefore we dare affirm that this Seminary Plague lodgeth alwaies in some part of the world as other Poysons do in some bodies and from thence goes into others by the way we shewed As we know the Pox doth which came first from the Indies and so crep from body to body to us and is no where but in mens bodies And it somtimes appears not in some places and somtimes it doth and is carried by men from one Country to another So the Plague although it hath long been unseen in some places yet being in some bodies upon the Earth it is derived in time into others so that it is not necessary when we hear no news of it to think it is taken out of the World or that it is newly begot in the Air when it returns Although we deny not but that the Air may be infected and may get into the body as in Putrid Malignant Feavers was shewed As the Plague may come from infected bodies by the Air but that it took the beginning from the Air we cannot allow for the reasons mentioned All which as they are probably to be found in the seat and original of this pestilent Venom so it is very difficult to explain how this poyson goes from body to body and why it infects one rather than another in the same place in regard this is not done so plainly as in other poysons but secretly But it is easier to shew why Fevers differing in nature accidents and signs should come from thence All these happen either in respect of the Venom or the dispotion of the subject body so infected or in respect of strength The contrary effects which cannot come only from the constitution of the body affected shew that Pestilent venome is not all of the same nature for some Plagues take all or most with one distinction others only few others kill all they touch others are most of them cured But we cannot describe what lieth hid in the venome that causeth the variety and whence it comes To find out a fit disposition of Body or of the Heart as Fernelius saith to receive this poyson is as impossible as to shew the nature of it because men of all constitutions and those that are not only foul bodied but pure and sound are easily infected so that no disposition is required or if any it is difficult or impossible to be known as Fernelius saith and we confess And therefore in the former case and this we fly to divine providence which stirreth up this Plague here or there for the punishment of man and sends it to what place he pleaseth to kill those he marked out and to chastise others Yet though we can no otherwise describe this disposition which makes men fit or unfit for the Plague in regard the Pestilent Feaver is not one and the same that comes from the venom we can prove that it comes from the diversity of the subject body that is affected As fire burnes more or less according to the variety of the fuel so when the Plague is in any body it hath a different Feaver in respect of the different constitution If it gets into a temperate body for it spares not such as Children Virgins Youths and well habited bodies it causeth somtimes a
mild Feaver like a Diary only the spirits being inflamed with the Heart and then the heat and the accidents following are milder nor is the Urin changed much If the Plague strike a Sanguine or Plethorick person then it will be like a Synoch Feaver and the Spirits and Blood will be inflamed with the Heart in which there is greater heat and accidents as Head-ach redness of Face and the like that disturbe the Patient grievously If the Plague seize upon Cholerick persons then by reason of the heat of the Heart Spirits and Humors there is with other Symptoms of hear Vomiting Stools and other accidents from choller which are grievous Unclean bodies especially that have corrupt blood and subject to Feavers if they take the Plague then it is putrid continual and Malignant with great hear and other Symptoms and then are foul excretions by reason of corruption The reason why they who have the Plague are in more or less danger is in the strength as well as the poyson for strong persons oppose it more then weak And this is the reason why some have spots and others none for if nature be weak the poyson will lie at the Heart and no tokens thereof appear But if nature send it forth then it inflameth every part it toucheth and burns it red with pain and impression under the Arm-pits or Tumors under the Ears or Carbuncles which inflamed increase the Feaver And when nature disburdens her self by the pores of the Skin there are Spots and Pustles These are caused by the Poyson sent out by Nature And are not sent as markes or tokens as some call them of the Plague at its first entrance for though some appear at the first Nature doth cause it by expelling from the Heart that which so suddenly smore it except a Pustle come by touching of a dead body infected as I once had in my hand but when I felt the pulse of a man in a mortal sweat that died of the Plague and both I and my Chirurgion that was with me had a pustle in our Feet which suddenly vanished and though we were infected we had neither Feaver nor any other inconvenience And in the year 1634. I touched the pulse of a sweating man dying of the Plague and presently after I had black spots from my middle Finger and the outside of my Hand to my Wrist yet they presently went away after I had washed my Hands with Vinegar and Treacle And Bubo's come in the Plague somtimes not from the poyson sent to the Emunctuaries but from the heat and pain of some Carbuncle that is near as in other Inflamations Yet somtimes they come from both causes and there are divers in the same or divers places and these being inflamed and brought to suppuration joyn a new Feaver to the former I have by long observation found out these things having fix times been a practiser in the time of great plagues to the end of them and been constant to my patients and therefore I declare them for Favor of no man but for Love of the truth A fixed constant heat in the Heart and other parts Heat fixed in the Body is the cause of Hectickes not mutable or that called fire by the Greeks which comes and goes without change of temperament the parts that were hot returning to their former state as Fernelius shews may be in the ninth Chapter of his Book of temperaments But when the temperament and proportion of the Elements to use the words of Fernelius are turnd hotter and dryer so that the heat can scarse be removed or the temperament changed then Feavers will be continuing long and constant never to be cured Hence they are called Hecticks because they are in the habit of the body called in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and cannot be easily removed as habit is not easily taken away And in regard the heat in them is not fiery as in other Feavers but a change of the temperament into more hot and dry as I shewed thefore they scarce feel the heat although all similar parts of the Body are changed and dryer and hotter to the touch and the Heart is perceived to beat quicker and harder This heat is not alwaies alike but when the body is more inflamed as after meat which they alwaies perceive or violent motion and other causes it is increased with the pulse and motion of the Heart Also the Consumption called Marasmus which follows these Feavers is not the melting of the body by violent heat by which means they say some pieces of the body come away by Urin but falsly for that is only from the foulness of the Reins and Bladder and otherwise in the most burning Feaver the parts cannot be so roasted and melted But this leanness comes from the temperament of the similary parts turned hotter and dryer by reason of the heat of the Heart And this is the reason why they are not rightly nourished but fall and pine away in a Consumption Another Feaver going before it is the cause of an Hectick because the heart cannot loose its temperament so much from any other cause then the heat of a violent Feaver which by its strength and continuance may at length change the Heart Hence it is that these Feavers come seldom from a simple and pure heat and Diary Feavers But if they end not in an exact time as they use to do and turn not into putride they turn into Hetticks But more usually they come from putrid Feavers alone or Malignant which last long especially when the Heart hath been long scorched and after quenched and then Distemper remain which causeth a long Hectick which consumeth the Body when the burning Fever is gone This is not that Fever which while the burning Fever remaineth so broyleth the Heart by its violent heat that the whole body is suddenly consumed which is called A melting Hectick Also Hecticks may be produced from long intermitting burning Fevers after the same manner And Fontanonus teacheth that they may come of continual Fevers when a semi-tertian abides long Also from other putrid Fevers though gentle if long and heat the Heart constantly may a gentle Hectick follow gentle and lingring putrid Fevers as in Cachecticks and Consumptions because the Cause is more neer the Heart Also they begin and are joyned with Putrid Continual Fevers which are known as we shewed by the accidents of the aforesaid Fevers stil continuing and a great or Consumption then was in Putrid fevers As when an Hectick is joyned with an acute Putrid Lingring or Intermitting This is caused by the disposition of the Heart if it be by nature too hot which grows sooner hot and dry by the fevers aforesaid And by a Heart that is tender and quickly receives other heat which destroies the Natural For this cause yong Children have often Hecticks not only after a long but a Diary fever The Cure The general Cure of all Fevers the Indication being taken from the
milk half a pinte Capons broath two ounces two yolks of Egg give it often and let it be kept long Take heed of things that weaken as fasting which they cannot endure And of strong motions of the Body Mind And of watching for sleep is good And all Evacuations especiall Venery are hurtful The chief accident is a loosness of the Belly and it hastneth death if it continue we look to that with anoynting the Belly and the like Somtimes constant binding in the Belly is troubsom to them which we prevent by a gentle moistning Clyster Thus Take Chicken or Tripe broath boyl therein Lettice and Mallows add Cassia or Tamarinds an ounce Oyl of Violets and Water Lillies of each two ounces Honey an ounce give it Or this gentle Potion Manna with Chicken broath or Cassia or syrup of Roses solutive or of Violets We call them Compound Feavers The Cure of double or treble putrid fevers when divers Feavers are at once In these the Cure chiefly altereth For if two putrid Feavers or three or two continual Feavers or double intermitting or triple Fevers meet being all of a kind and differing only in respect of the cause in this that it is putrified in divers places but in the same Vessels and the fits come not the same daies These are rather divers then Compounded Fevers and the Cure must be as if there were but one as in putrid intermitting and continual Fevers was said But if the Fevers be compounded of divers which may be two waies as when a putrid continual is joyned with a putrid intermitting or a putrid continual or intermiting with a Hectick when the causes are divers and meet together Then the Cure must be directed to both and it differs from the Cure of simple Fevers If a continual putrid be joyned to an intermitting in a Semi-tertian The Cure of a Semi-tertian of what kind soever it be because the cause is double and the filth is in the hollow Vein and the Meseraicks also and doth not only constantly perplex the Patient but brings fits every other or third day increasing the heat and Symptoms we say it is very dangerous Especially if there be swounding when the Fevers meet Therefore a Semi-tertian useth to turne into a Hectick or leave a Dropsie behind it The Cure of a Semi-tertian is as in other Fevers first taking away the Excrements and Bleeding and Concoction of both matters by purging and provoking sweat and Urin often with things proper for the Humor whether Choller Flegm or Melancholly which breed the Fever All Physitians first give remedies against the swounding and Cordials which resist Poyson and Pestilence And we apply them inwardly and outward first of all And for the Fever we direct evacuations preparing and altering Medicines agreeable to the constitution and the humor predominating as the firs rise or abate as we shewed in continual and intermitting severs And if other accidents besides swounding do happen we correct them as was there declared If a Hectick be joyned with the Fever that produced it The Cure of a Hectick joyned with a putrid Fever it wil not be a pure Synoch for that continueth but three or four daies but a putrid continual which we know by the consumption of the body or an intermitting long Tertian or Quartan and then we perceive the Hectick not only by leanness but by a feverish Pulse after the fit This makes us regard both Thus When we concoct the matter and open obstructions we added somthings that resist the Hectick As Take syrup of Endive and Violets of each an ounce Endive and Purslane water of each two ounces with a little Diamargaritum frigid mix them Purge gently Thus Take Rhubarb a dram infuse it in Endive and Purslane water strain it add syrup of Roses solutive and Manna each an ounce These praeperatives and purges if the Fever require and the Hectick be not hurt thereby are to be repeated The altering means must moisten soundly by reason of the great distemper in the Heart therefore we let them drink freely We grant to milk by reason of the putrid Feaver and Head-ach as Hippocrates teacheth except out of the fit we allow a little for custom sake In Juleps and Conserves and the like we put moistners mentioned in the Hectick to open obstructions and resist corruption in the Fever that is joyned therewith At first before the Hectick comes when we fear it we apply in the Feaver more moistning and cooling Epithems to the Heart and Pulses then ordinarily And we begin to use Baths sooner especially in Quartans Allo accompanied Fevers with other Diseases joyned whether they go before the Disease or are Sympand follow after have a different Cure As they are joyned with Erysipelas or Botches or other hot Diseases or Meazels or smal Pox or Phthysick or Cachecy or evil habit or other accidents And we shall in order set down the cure of the six sorts of accompanied Fevers If a putrid Synoch or Ephemera be with an Erysipelas or Botch The preventing and curing of Synochs Ephemeal Fevers that produce Botches and Erysipelas it ends in respect of the Fever as a single Fever doth nor is it more dangerous than that but in respect of the humor But it is most troublesome when it comes once a yeer with the Gout as in old men which are most subject to it For whose cause in regard worse accidents are feared as internal Inflammations Pleurisies and Imposthumes in the Lungs we shal shew how to prevent â—nd eure if it be come We prevent this Synoch if the blood abound by hindering its increase if it be hot by tempering it if thin by thickning it if impure by purging and clensing it In full bodies we let blood spring and fall and at other times to prevent And use scarification every month and after cupping in the shoulders And we purge before and after Winter and oftner if there be a foul body but I have observed that violent purges have brought and not hinderd this Fever by moving of the matter Tops of Hops Fumitory Elder buds Senna Epithymum and Polypody boyl'd in Whey is good to be drunk all the month of May in yong and strong people Or with this Apozem Take Polipody three ounces Senna an ounce and an half Carthamus seeds an ounce Thyme Epithymum each half an ounce Tamarinds two ounces Dock roots an ounce Liquorish an ounce and an half Succory roots two ounces Violet Endive Lettice and Bugloss each a handful Prunes and Sebestens each twenty pair Raisons ten pair Anise half an ounce Cordial flowers a pugil cold Seeds half an ounce boyl them in a pint of the strained liquor dissolve juyce of Roses and Bugloss each an ounce juyce of Apples three ounces with Sugar and a little Cinnamon make a Syrup give an ounce by it self or in Whey or other Liquor Sharp waters drunk often for some weeks hath preserved many Instead of Spaw waters you may make
be that kind of Plurisie which we called peculiarly the Pleurisie of the girding Membrane In which if there be great Inflammation there must be pain increased from the pressing the breast and it wil extend it self outwarly because the Inflammation cannot be conteined in the thin Membrane or Periostia but must reach to the muscles joyned thereunto and so may be felt outwardly because the Breast is not so thick as we have known in the Inflammation of the Peritonaeum And in this kind If the Inflamation suppurate the Imposthume wil rather be outwaad then inward and there open But if it break inwardly the matter gets into the cavity of the Breast rather then into the Lungs because it cannot be carried so quickly unto them and pierce through them But as these Arguments prove that this may be so so it is probable that if the girding Membrane be ininflamed together with the Lungs and from them that that Inflammation in the Membrane wil be discussed rather then suppurated because the great quantity of Blood in the Lungs at that time cannot easily be in so thin a Membrane or if it could be it would rather be carried outward as we shewed and fil those muscles and there come to suppuration And hence it is that after a true Pleurisie though the girding Membrane be also inflamed and nothing appear outward yet an Empyema seldome followeth And this is like to be also when the dividing or intercepting Membrane is inflamed with the Lungs in which as being a different disease especially when the Inflammation reacheth to the Capsula of the Heart and Diaphragma there are grevious symptomes that seize upon the mind and endanger the life These Inflammations both in a Peripneumony and true Pleurisie being in any part of the Lungs or elswhere come from Blood with which the Lungs abounding by reason of the many great vessels and being hotter by reason of the Arteries and the nearness of the Heart it is easily inflamed And the Inflammations of the Lungs are more usual then of any other part This Inflammation comes from Blood as others when it is got into the substance of the Lungs out of its vessels which are the Arterial Veins and Venal Arterie and not into the branches of the rough Arterie for otherwise there would be a spitting of Blood this Blood therefore fils the Lungs and lifts them up causeth Heaviness and Compression and streightness of the Breast and inflames the Heart more that before commonly had a Feaver And by the Cough which it causeth when it is sent into the branches of the rough Arterie it makes the Spittle sometimes mattery and after bloody at length this Blood being ripened and concocted or suppurated is coughed up til it be all spent The substance of the Lungs being unhurt for if they be ulcerated a Phthisis would follow As we have seen often Blood alone and other humors turnd into Matter the substance of the part not being suppurated or ulcerated both in the eyes and other parts and in other Excretions made from the Lungs by other means Also it may chance that from Inflammation of the Lungs the Blood may fall upon the near side upon the girding Membrane and inflame it but not usualy because the Vessels are smal and few and the vein to which the fault is laid called Azygos is only on the right side and the Pleurisie is often on the left As from the Inflammation of the Lungs in a true Pleurisie when the sides are attracted and the girding Membrane pulled aside there may be a pricking Hence it is that Pleurisies are more usual then the peripneumonyes because the inside only of the Lungs are not so often inflamed as it is in a peripneumony but the Inflammation reacheth outward to the side adjacent in which the pricking is greater when they ly upon the sound side and the Lungs hang down being Inflamed and with their weight draw the girding Membrane then there is more pain then when they ly on the sick side and the pain is greater if the Membrane be Inflamed Upon which if so much Blood fall from other causes and inflame it the Lungs being sound there wil be another Pleurisie differing from the true as we shewed in which there is no such Spittle All these accidents in the divers kinds of pleurisies are also in a peripneumony which sometimes begins of it self and sometimes followes a pleurisie when the Matter is gathered inwardly and because the Heart is then more inflamed they cause a more sharp Feaver by which the Blood being heated also in the superior parts of the Body there is a redness in the Face and Cheeks This is counted the peculiar signe of this disease and it may be more observed to be in Peripneumony then Pleurisie and because this disease is more usual in old people if their Cheeks be red it is looked upon as a strange thing According to the variety of the Blood these inflammations of the Lungs are divers for if it be pure such as is in the veinous Artery it wil be a simple Phlegmon in which Spittle is mixed with pure Blood If the Blood be too thin or hot as in the arterial Vein there wil be a phlegmon with Erysepelas in which the Feaver is greater as it is if the Blood cause an Inflammation which is mixed with pure Choler and then the Spittle is bloody and yellowish Because this is usual it caused some to write that Peripneumony comes from an Erysipelas of the Lungs Also if melancholy be mixed with the Blood causing the phlegmon there is blackness with the bloody Spittle And if Choller joyned with Blood be the cause of this Inflammation then there is a Pleurisie or tertian Feaver as I have often observed Oftentimes also without these Diseases there is a discolouring of the Spittle and it is not bloody but yellowish greenish blackish from cholerick humors when the Blood is any otherwayes impure and mixed with vitious humors it causeth an impure phlegmon But if a phlegmon comes from a crude and waterish Blood it wil be an OEdema with gentler accidents and the Spittle less discoloured as in the Peripneumony called therefore crude Also from this diversity of Blood If the Inflammation be in the girding Membrane the Symptomes wil be greater or less Because no phlegmon comes from any other humor seperated from the Blood we cannot make the Defluxion of Flegm or other humor upon the Lungs or the gathering of it there to be the cause of a true Pleurisie or Peripneumony as some doe and call it flegmatick for if these humors are in the lungs they wil cause other Diseases that hinder breathing as we shewed in defect of breathing and if they fall upon the Muscles of the breast or upon the girding Membrane they will cause a false Pleurisie as I shewed The cause of this flux of Blood that causeth a phlegmon is often a Synoch Feaver which from the Blood inflamed in the Veins sendeth a
prest and there is a numness of the Thigh on that side to the Knee or sole of the Foot with great pain as I have often seen with stoppage of Urin or pissing of Blood after violent excercise or riding And the Sediment or bottom is black in the Urinal This at somtimes is white and muddy like Whey at the first and after setling the bottom is white as Chalk and much somtimes Somtimes it is gravely and white or scaly This pain is also increased by new accidents There is somtimes a burning pain in the top of the Hypochondria A burning pain of the Hypochondria is from the Liver or Spleen before on the right side this is called the Inflammation of the Liver which is the cause of it or Hepatitis Or it is in the left side backwards and is called the Inflammation of the Spleen or Splenitis Somtimes it is below in and about the Hip and behind about the Back on either side and it is called the Inflammation of the Kidneys or Nephritis In all these kinds there is a burning stretching and heavy pain also beating especially if it be the Inflammation of the Spleen on the left side In which there is a tumor to be felt and somtimes on the right when the Liver is inflamed which appeareth more when the patient bends to the right side but it is without redness not as the inflamed Muscles are In both these Inflammations the pain reacheth to the Throat and is increased by the lying on the contrary side and it is more burning in the Erysipelas of the Liver In all kinds there is a smal dry Cough and in the Inflammation of Liver or Spleen the Hiccup And in that of the Liver choler is vomited and the Mouth bitter or voided by stool Also from Inflammation of Liver or Spleen there is a Jaundies and from the Liver or Bloody flux somtimes and there is often Pissing with heat when the Reynes are inflamed There is with all kinds a Synoch Fever going afore or following With restlesness thirst and dryness of tongue Quick and little breath swift and great Pulse High Urin and somtimes matterish These ceasing there is a heaviness in the part mentioned and other accidents Somtimes there is a pricking pain in sound people suddenly on the left side somtimes on the right A pricking pain in the Hypochondria The pain of the Spleen falsly so called which the Germans call Milkesteehen pricking of the Spleen falsly It comes chiefly after meat upon riding exercise with a Tumor like that of the Cramp from wind it is pricking and very tearing when breath is fetched and lying upon the Belly abates it and at length it goes away of it self In other Diseases of the right or left side there is also a heavy pain with greater Symptoms among which I shall speak of that Those pains that are outward in the Hypochondria and about the Groyns in Ruptures are refer'd to the Diseases causing them There is a cutting and stretching pain in the Loyns A cutting and stretching pain in the Hypochondria is from pain of the Womb. which is called the pain of the Womb because it is caused from thence At the time of the courses or when they are stopped Somtimes in great bellyed Women often after child bearing and with other Diseases of the Womb where it is described exactly There is often on one side A twitching and grievous pain of the Hypochondria Nephritis or Stone in the Kidneys seldom on both a twitching tearing and pricking pain most grievous in the Reyns somtimes by fits somtimes returning in a month or year this is called Nephritis from the cause which is the Stone or Gravel it somtimes is fixed and somtimes goes to the Groyns and not the Belly as the Colick And the Leg on that side is benummed At the first there is vomiting of flegm and choler and quick and little breathing At the beginning the Urin is with difficulty crude like water then thick and after bloody and there is red yellow or white Gravel found at the bottom growing together somtimes Somtimes they are so little they stick in the sediment and fat and fly up or stick to the pott All these last long or the pain goes to the bottom of the Belly and then departs in a moment or there is some hurt in the part as we shewed in stoppage of Urin. And this either is not or ceaseth presently if one or more stones be pissed forth the stone is somtimes sandy and brittle red or yellow or white long or round smooth or uneven greater or less or hard and flinty and then white or dunne somtimes of a strange shape The Causes The Diseases of divers parts in the Hypochondria under the short Ribs cause divers pains These parts are either the fleshy Bowels as Liver Spleen two Kidneys with the Ureters or parts belonging to them as part of the Porinaeum or Caul Stomach and Colon The diseases whereof reatch thither and are felt under the Hypochondria Some diseases of the fleshy Bowels cause pains these are manifest on that side where the Bowel lyeth If from the Liver it lyeth on the right side foreward the Spleen one the left side under the Stomach the Reyns one both sides with the Ureters under the other two Bowels The pain of the right Kidney is known thus from the pain of the Liver for when the Liver is afflicted the pain is more on the right side foreward where the greatest part of the Liver lyeth or against the lodg of the Heart where it lyeth upon the Stomach but the pain of the right Kidney remaineth fixed backwards a little lower in the Back But the pain of the left Kidney is not so easily distinguished from the pain of the Spleen because it is higher then the right Kidney And contrary to the common opinion the Spleen lyeth more backward next to the left Kidney Not on the left side so forward as is supposed Therefore the pains of these parts must not be distinguished by the Scituation but by other signs The diseases that may happen to all these and cause pain are Inflammation Weight Obstruction or Distension from a Humor or Tumor or from the Stone When there is Inflammation in these bloody Bowels Inflammation of the Liver Spleen Reyns is the cause of burning pain in the Hypochondria Liver Spleen or Kidneys it is from pure or fowl Blood and causeth a burning where the Bowel lyeth on that side For these Bowels have but dull sense of feeling from the outward Tunicle yet when the Inflammation reacheth to the parts adjacent which are very sensible and Membranous the pain is great and the Tumor more appearing when the Inflammation is in the outward gibbous part of the Liver or when the Spleen which lyeth lower under the Ribbs is swollen and the beating is more when the Spleen is afflicted because it aboundeth with Arteries and there are other accidents as were shewed
I saw in the year 1530. There is another Anthrax or Carbuncle pestilential The pestilential Anthrax as we shewed in pestilential Feavers with one or more Pustles like Phlyctaenae or Clavus red round about afterwards blew green or black ending in a black Crust and a lump like flesh like the former The pain is not in this so great as in the former at first there is itching and a little burning and after corruption the skin and flesh mortifie as I have often observed and there is no feeling and at length it falls from the sound flesh and leaves a hollow Ulcer There is somtimes a Bubo with it near to the part as we shewed in pestilential Feavers where we shewed also that a Pustle came at the beginning of the Carbuncle without a Feaver from the Contagion and presently vanisheth The Diseases with Ulceration by which with Hippocrates Vlcers in the Superficies of the Body we understand all Solution of Continuity are so in the Superficies dividing and hurting the skin as a Cleft Excoriation or Burning others are deep in the flesh as a Wound or Ulcers Of which in order A Cleft or Fissure or Chinke in the skin is more or less gaping Clefts and Fisures called Rhagae according to the deepness thereof They are chiefly in the Palms of the Hands and Fingers and Soles of the Feet And if they be in the thick skin the Lips are hard and swollen they are also in the Mouth Fundament and Womens Privities and Nipples and in the Praepuce and Eye-brows and in the Tongue As we shewed in the inward Diseases of thâ— Mouth There is another kind of Chapps or Clefts which are high Pernio or Chimetlon by reason of the thick skin with hard Lips and end in perverse Ulcers it is called Pernio or Chimetlon it comes from great Cold in the thick skin of the Soles of the Feet especially in the Heel somtimes in the Palms of the Hands and Nostrils and Ears as shall be shewed in the Causes Excoriation Abrasion or Attrition is called Intertrigo Excoriation or Intertrigo when the supreficial part of the skin is separated from the quick with pain when it is touched It differs from a Wound because that is deeper it is from divers internal and external Causes especially from Riding when men are galled or from long keeping in bed and in Children from piss and the mattery Pustles in the Privities are Excoriations which itch so grievously When the scarfe skin only comes off and the true skin is not bare it causeth no pain but falls off like Bran and is called Furfur or Scales as in the Palm of the Hand Ustion or Burning is when the scarfe skin or skin Burning or flesh also is hurt by actual or potential Heat And it differs chiefly in that some is more superficial others deeper raising a Blyster and then there is pain or burning the true skin and making a Crust or Eschar after which is an Ulcer Or the skin and flesh also are burned and consumed And then the pain is greater with Inflammation somtimes and Suppuration leaving a great Ulcer A Wound is the Solution of continuity in the Body Wounds in the Superficies of the Body from an outward Cause it is simple or Compound A simple Wound not accompanyed or changed into another Plaga or Cut. is by a Cut it is greater or less even or uneven Puncture or deeper A wound by a stab is a Puncture or prick it is with a great or little Orifice Gun-shot Gun-shot is of a sudden with great or small Orifice deep dividing unequal bruising and breaking the parts and somtimes taking off All these may be in divers parts and wound the Skin Flesh Membranes Nerves Vessels and Bones making lame and reaching inward to the Brain Lungs Heart Stomach Guts Bladder Liver Spleen c. and cause divers Accidents following In all three kinds of Wounds there is bleeing first large if it be great or where the Veins are large or in the Arteâ—ies but little when small or in the little Vessels or a narrow prick through which somtimes little or no Blood can come And when the Puncture is large it may also come to pass that no blood may come forth because it all falls inward When bleeding is stopt there is Sanies or Blood and Matter and then it grows foul after like an Ulcer into which it turns as we shall shew Somtimes other Matter comes forth of a Wound as Meat and Drink when the stomach is hurt and Excrements when the Guts are wounded or Urin when the Bladder is wounded or some part of the Body comes forth as the Brain Lungs Liver Spleen Guts There is pain in all more or less and the greater as the part is more sensible The part somtimes swells without Inflammation or withers or is otherwise deformed or lame And the Functions are hurt as when there are Convulsions Resolutions Cramps and Contractions from Wounds and when the inward parts are hurt they are worse A Contusion is from a stroak or fall not only with a Tumor A comused Wound but without and with pain only as we shewed in Tumors and is with a wound in which the skin and subject parts are more or less unequal bruised and cut with little or no bleeding and a tumor round about and colour'd as a Contusion with a Tumor only and it is more easily suppurated and turned to an Ulcer There are also Wounds partly bruised partly cut and pricked these are when the edge is blunt or from a bite when the wounds are many and deep according to the length of the Teeth and the flesh bruised by the broad Teeth These are easily inflamed and turn to perverse Ulcers There are also uneven wounds with Saws and Instruments Uneven Cuts which cause perverse and somtimes incurable Ulcers There are also Compound wounds as when there is an Inflammation with a wound A Wound with a Phlegmon then it is called a Wound with a Phlegmon This is oftnest from a Puncture or Gun-shot And there is then a Tumor with an Ulcer and new pain and it may gangraene When a Wound grows foul with matter or humors A Wound vlcerating it changeth its Nature and is an Ulcer And the Ulcer is Compound when the wound is is with a broken bone A Wound with a Fracture or bone-hurt Others are venemous from a poysoned Sword or Bullet Poysoned wounds or from biting of Beasts as a mad Dog or Serpents and then there are great accidents and dangerous Also men fasting especially if they be cholerick or come from fury are venemous if they bite To these may be referred the stinging of Bees Wasps and Spiders Stinging in which though there is no wound yet there is pain redness and swelling especially if the Breast be venemous as the Phanlangius Scorpion An Ulcer is the foul solution of continuity Ulcers in the
but before you must cure the Cachexy thus If there be aboundance of Excrements you must purge Choller especially with Rhubarb and things that inflame not the Liver choosing those things which are mentioned in the first causes of a Cachexy For Alteration they boyl in Broath Endive Divels bit Succory Lettice sow thistle or let them be eaten boiled in salets let them eat sharp Fruits boiled or season them in Meate with the Juyce as Juyce of Pomegranates which after working is called Pomegranate wine or the Juyce of currance Barberries Grapes Lemmons Citrons c. Let the ordinary Drink be thin white Wine dashed with boiled water or if there be great thirst let them drink water in which Vinegar or sharpe Juyce is mixed The Decoction of Succory roots is used instead of Drink either alone or mixed with wine as also the Decoction of the Roots of sorrel Fern and Grass by themselves or with wine which if they are made sharpe with a little spirit of Vitriol or salt will be more pleasant and effectual This Julep is to be taken sometimes Take of sharpe Juyces one or more one quarter of a pint Juyce of Endive two ounces Vinegar one ounce Rose-water two ounces sugar as much as is sufficient boil it into the form of a Julep some add a little Camphire which doth good rather by penetration then refrigeration A Physical Decoction is thus made Take of Endive one handful of sorrel Lettice Maiden-hair each half an handful Tamarinds one ounce of sharp Prunes twelve of the seeds of Purslan Endive and Dodder each one dram of the four great cold seeds two drams of Barbery seeds one dram and an half of Roses and Violets each one pugil boil them in water adding two ounces of Rose Vinegar and when it is strained put to it some syrup of the aforesaid Herbs and as much sugar as is sufficient and when you will make the Body loose put Manna or Rhubarb thereunto The usual syrups are of Endive and succory simple and compound and sharpe syrups of Vinegar which were prescribed in the Cure of the former cachexy to which for cooling you may add the syrup of the Juyce of Citrons of Lemmons Pomegranates and the like as the Violets Purslain Water-lillies and other of the Juyce of Currance Barberries and other sharp Juyces Waters must be mixed with the syrups as of Endive succory Liver-wort Dodder with which to strengthen the bowels we mix water of Agrimony and Wormwood Pouders of species which are given by themselves or in Troches Lozenges Electuaries Pills may be used as followeth of which this is excellent to open Obstructions Take of red and white sanders each one dram of yellow sanders half a dram of red Rose leaves two drams of Violets half a dram of the four great cold seeds one dram and an half of Purslain and Endive seed each half a dram of Antispodium of Ivoryshavings two drams make a pouder and with Gum Traganth dissolved in Rose-water or Juyce of Barberries make Troches If you add Rhubarb and Camphire it will be like Diatriansantalon Nicolai which hath besides the things herein Juyce of Liquorish Gum Arabich and starch and somtimes the Rhubarb is double in quantity and this usual composition may be used for the former There is another Composition of more Vertue called Diarhodon Abbatis Nicolai used against Obstructions which is less hot it hath in it sanders Roses Violets the four great and little cold seeds burnt Ivory Gum arabick and Traganth Juyce of Liquorish Rhubarb and Camphire as Diatriansantalon and besides Asarum Bar-berries Anise seeds Fennel Basil seeds Poppy-seeds Mastich Saffron Spike Cardamoms Lignum Aloes Cloves Cinnamon Musk Pearl the Bone in in the Heart of a Hart or stag The Troches of Diarhodon Nicolai of Roses sanders burnt Ivory saffron and Camphire are not so large as the former And the Troches of the sanders which are more binding they have sanders Roses the great cold seeds Purslain seeds Bar-berries burnt Ivory Camphire and Bole Armenick Or other astringents as the Troches of Bar-berries instead of which we may use these less binding Take of the three sanders add Roses each one dram of Rhubarb one dram and an half of spodium of Ivory one dram of Endive Purslain and sorrel each half a dram of Melon seeds one dram and an half Camphire one scruple Sugar and Manna two drams Make a Pouder with the infusion of Gum Traganth in Endive waters Make Troches The Pouder of the leaves of Endive and Succory taken often in Wine with the feed of Hatch-vetch and a little Cinnamon to make it pleasant is approved Also Lozenges made of these ordinary pouders Diatrionsantalon and Diarhodon and of other things with the conserve of Succory flowers We make of the Juyce of Bar-berries pleasant Lozenges which allay the Heat as Take of the Juyce of ripe Bar-berries three ounces of Sugar one pound as much water of Endive or Roses as will boil them into a consistence for Lozenges Thus are made the Lozenges of the Juyce of currance Pomegranates Lemmons citrons and they are as good as the former Of these conserves and Pouders may divers Electuaries be made as Take of the Conserve of Succory flowers and the candied roots of Succory each one ounce and an half of Conserve of Violets Maiden-hair and Bugloss each half an ounce of Melon seeds one dram and an half of Trionsantalon one dram with syrup of Sorrel make a moist Electuary or make it thicker with sugar of Roses Some give Opiats to cool the Liver but to no purpose being hot things are therein as Philonium Vitriol waters drunk for some weeks as we shewed in the cure of the former cachexy besides other benefits there mentioned do cool the Liver if they be taken in time before the Dropsie be great and while the water is only in the Belly and Feet but when it gets out of the Veins it wil increase it especially as is usually if they make little Urine and Drink much therefore it is better for those Drinkers who by their continual thirst shew the heat of their Liver before the cachexy grow great to mix their wine with water The heat of the Bowels and especially of the Liver and the dryness also is cured by outward things that cool and moisten adding alwaies those things that are astringent as these following A cooling and moistning Oyntment Take Oyl of Violets Lillies Guords or of Osiers washed in Vinegar or Juyce of Endive two ounces Oyl of Quinces Roses Myrtles or Mastich each one ounce of the lesser cold seeds and of Sorrel and Rose leaves each half a dram of al the sanders one dram of spike one scruple camphire half a scruple Wax as much as will make an Unguent These are more proper for the Liver Take of Oyl of Roses and Violets each one ounce and an half of Oyls of Water-lillies and Wormwood each one ounce of the juyce of Endive one ounce and an half of the Juyce of
in divers places sometimes paining by the extension being ready to break otherwhiles itching An Ulcer from Varix in the Feet it is often in the feet in many places with an Ulcer near it nourished by it and therefore called Vlcus varicosum as we said in Ulcers And without this Ulcer there are the same in the Feet which as in Women with Child return after Child-birth or continue without hurt In other places they are as in the codd external and then the Veins that hold it swell and are crooked and black or inward and then the internal Spermatick Vessels swell and are hoisted and are hard to touch in so much as they who know not the Disease suspect it to be a fleshy Rupture or a third Stone hence such are called triorches or men with three Stones This they call Circoselen Aetius writes that there are crooked Veins in the wing of Womens Secrets also these will be in the Eye-brows and will somwhat hinder their Motion It also happens in a tender skin and white Body the Veins swelling The Veins lying bare in the skin are manifest to the sight and do rather deform by colour then tumor without any other inconvenience And this is often in the Hipps and other places There is a tumor in the Arteries called Aneurisma Aneurisma either when the Artery is dilated or the Mouth thereof as shall be said in the Causes and this tumor beateth like an Artery but the Pulsation is great and troublesom When this is pressed it partly flies back and returns back forcibly again as big as a fist somtimes less it is often in the Feet and Hands somtimes about the Throat and Breast witness Fernelius When this is inward then it produceth other Symptoms as Palpitation of the Heart which is mentioned before in Cachexy Hard tumors which will scarse yeeld to the touch are known chiefly by their places some grow in glandulous parts some in fleshy some in parts without flesh some in the skin chiefly as shall be shewed In the Glandulous parts there are glandels or Kernels under the skin Kernels â—hich grow hard with an external tumor or they may be felt if they lie deep These may be moved any way otherwise then a Scirrhus and they grow by degrees These are in divers parts as the Natural Glandules from whence they are named among great Glandles they appear more in other less and they either come forth in many places together or in some only These being inlarged and grown hard do discover themselves in divers parts of the body at once The Tumor scorfula As in the Neck under the chin where there are often many together and they are called Scrophulaes or Choirades because Hogs have them often in that part They are also behind the Ears under the Arms pits in the Groins and bending of the Joynts and somtimes in the Breast and Papps of Women and other parts swelling and hard to be seen or if they lie deep to be felt Those in other parts are usually called Scorphulaes as well as those in the Neck yet not so deep in regard Hogs called Scrofi have them only in the Neck and other Pustles which are found in the Neck and Flesh of a Hog which they suppose is the Leprosie called the Meazles are not hard Glandules but Pustles newly grown except they be called Scrofulaes because many come together at a time because the Swine brings forth many at a litter This Disease is somtimes haereditary and usual in some Countryes in which the Glandules either remain hard like a Scirrhus or they break and turn into a creeping Ulcer The first is called Scirrodes the second Nomodes or they end in a Carcinoma and are called Carcinodes and bring great hurt to the Body Somtimes these kernels break forth only in certain places Struma as in the Throat where there is somtimes one somtimes two or three like a bunch of Grapes growing very great somtimes hanging down These they call Strumae and when they are in the Neck Scrofulaes or if they be little they are called Strumules yet in regard these differ from the other being not so many in number and greater neither have Hogs the like we thus distinguish them these we call Strumae the other Scrofulae These Strumae besides their nastiness and hinderance if they lie deep in the Throat cause Hoarsness and difficulty of breathing In some Countries they are so common that they are not accounted uncomely we have observed that one of them choaked an Infant lying deep and invisible and the cause was not known till after dissection Under the Arm-pits and in the Groins are also Glanduls either hard or swelled and hard and these are called Buboes if these be behind the Ears Bubo without pain Parotis upon the Glanduls it is called Parotis and both are cold and without pain contrary to those of which we spake in pains for in these of one colour and without pain there is no Inflammation or Heat except they come to an imposthume out of which as we shewed concerning a cold Imposthume in a fleshy part there comes no Pus but other matter as we shewed out of which kind of hard Parotis ending in an Imposthume and after in an Ulcer we have seen Stones come forth To these hard Glandules we refer the stones grown hard The hardness of the Stones which sometimes grow so big that the Codds hang like a bag filled and stretched out This they call the Scirrhus of the Stones by reason of its hardness but we rather refer it to a glandulous tumor as we shewed that some Glanduls were called Schirrodes There is a hard tumor in divers fleshy parts of the body that shineth and is so firm Scirrhus that it will not be moved from the place sometimes more large and extended and somtimes lying deeper of one Colour and without pain called a Scirrhus and somtimes it is in the beginning and somtimes confirmed This often sollows Inflammations sometimes it begins of it self and grows by degrees somtimes it may be turned into a cancer but we suppose that they have mistaken a Cancer not yet ulcerated for a Scirrhus being like in hardness and shape and so they were deceived supposing that when it brake a Scirrhus broke and ulcerated We have seen hard tumors about the belly somtimes many have been together The scirrhus and glandulous Tumors of the belly making the Belly rise like a Dropsie or in women as if they were with Child from which it is discerned easily by its inequality and the continuance of it at length will shew that it was none of them some have been so all their lives and without any great inconvenience These we reser to the Scirrhus except they be Glanduls in the cawle which stretch out the Belly There are also other tumors in the Belly which come from Tumors of the Bowels In the right or left Hypochondrion
especially flesh which requires more Nourishment then other parts and being soft is sooner consumed but the harder parts as Bones Grisles Membranes consume not because they are nourished with little and are more firm as we see the bones of dead Men last long This want of Nourishment is from divers Causes and first because it is not bred or it is unprofitable or it is hindered When the Bloood is not sufficient then because the Juyce nourishing the parts faileth and the fat continually decaying is not renewed by the like the body consumeth this is from want of Chyle in the first concoction when sound men have too little Food or sick men too little Appetitâ— which causeth decay as well as the Disease And this may come from other Diseases of the Stomach as want of concoction when there is little or imperfect chyle as in the Tympany those parts which are not consumed The body is extenuated from the want of a second concoction when the blood is not made this causeth an Atrophy this is from the fault of the Liver or Spleen as weakness c. When a Cachexy or Leucophlegmacy from their actions diminished or from their actions lost so that there is little or no blood also other Diseases of the Liver or Spleen breeding a Dropsie Ascites may cause an Atrophy therewith where the parts above not swollen like Feet and Belly are consumed these are described in the cause of the Dropsie The blood is unprofitable and unfit to nourish if it be foul not crude which causeth cachexy and Leucophlegmacy but impure then it breeds Leanness or Atrophy which is joyned with Cacochymy and if it be watery it gets the Atrophy with the Dropsie Ascites this is from the first concoction which is not mended in the second or in the third as we shewed When the blood is stopped from a part it hath an Atrophy The want of Nourishment from â—â—ood hindered is the cause of the Atrophy of a Part. this comes from an outward cause for the internal from want of blood would cause Leanness of the whole body The blood is hindered from distribution by the Veins stopped and pressed by the Dislocation of some Joynt as the Hip from which follows often an Atrophy of the Legs and sometimes Numness if the Nerves be pressed with the Veins Also when Members are too long bound or if the Veins are straightned by a Callus Tumor Node or Wenne about the Joynts or cut off especially if the great Veins or many be so cut off for the lesser Veins and few being cut there are others to nourish the part And if the great Arteries be cut off there will be Mortification rather then Consumption For the want of Substance making Juyce and of Natural Heat The want of substance making Juyce is the cause of Consumption or Tabes the Body consumes and that somtimes through age for as the body grows thereby being young and flourisheth thereby in middle age so in old age as that decayes the Body consumeth through the driness of the parts also which comes by their Temperament whereby they are withered The same may come from Labour Care and Diseases being vehement and persevering whereby the radical moisture and Natural Heat is consumed and weakned as in old Age so before by Labour and Cares and Diseases Men become sooner weak and lean and so continue all their lives except the Natural Heat be not so weakned but it may be repaired And then though they be very lean yet if they leave off Labour and Care and grow sound they will recover their former Vigor It happens through the change of the Constitution into a more hot and dry temper The change of the Constitution into hot and dry is the cause of Marasmus when all the parts are of a like temper that the Body doth not increase in young Men and in the aged it decreaseth and groweth dry and withered As in a Hectick Feaver coming from the heat of another Feaver which changed temper of the Heart making it too hot and dry the Body consumes of a Marasmus as we shewed in Hectick Feavers And though it is by degrees in this kind of Hectick yet is it of a sudden in Colliquation or melting and it follows a burning Feaver the extream Heat whereof did not onely turn the temper of the Heart into hot and dry but melted the substance whereby the whol body became dry and consumed As I shewed in the melting Feaver This is not only in simple Hecticks but in such as are joyned with a Distemâ—er of the Lungs The Ptysick is caused by the change of the Constitution into hot and dry and a Hectick Feaver so that the Body consumes as in a Hectick and this is called Phthisis Ptysick because the Lungs distempered are the cause of it This Consumption rising from a filth and Rottenness of the Lungs doth continually disturb the Heart adjoyning by Heat and makes it and the whol body hot and dry which causeth a Hectick Feaver as other Hecticks come from other Feavers as we shewed in Feavers The first Cause of this Rottenness of the Lungs and the Hectick that comes from thence and the Consumption that follows that is the Ulceration of the Lungs till they rot so that the Lungs are in part or all one side turned into matter and the Vessels of the Heart which are joyning to the Lungs are lost on that side and as it were cut off about the Heart and a Callus at the Root And this Corruption hath been so great that the Mediastinum that divides the Lungs and the Pericardium or Case for the Heart have been infected thereby These things being thus the matter which breeds in the Ulcer of the Lungs Matter in the Breast is the Cause of Empyema is not only spet out as it falls upon the Branches of the rough Artery but at length when the substance of the Lungs is divided by corruption it fals into the Cavity of the Breast and there being heaped up it causeth the-Disease called Empyema This appears to come from the Ulcer by Anatomy for when there is corruption of the Lungs you shall alwaies find some matter in the Breast As also in regard that matter coming from the Suppuration of the Membrane that compasseth the Breast fals seldom into the same for it will rather fal out of it as was shewed in the Pleurisie But an Impostum growing to the Membranes or to the outward Tunicle of the Lungs being broken by other Causes then Inflammation may send its matter into the Breast or matter may flow there 〈…〉 as they say may be from an Angina suppurated or Squinsie or from a Defluxion of Flegm into the Breast But in regard there is no passage from the Neck into the Breast and if they should get into the rough Artery except they were coughed up they will rather fall into the Lungs then the Cavity of the Breast this is not probable
Violets one ounce and an half white Henbane seed poudered one dram and an half Syrap of Poppies or Diacodium one ounce The Dose is a dram at a time Philonium persicum and Diacoralium of Galen the Troches of Winter-cherries with Opium which have besides the binders and the Opium Henbane seeds Also the troches of Amber with Opium All these are given a a dram in weight with convenient Liquor Athanasia Nicolai is commended Treacle and Mithridate are not so good here Seven grains of Cynogloss pils which have Opium and Henbane seeds are good to stop Blood and Fluxes The Syrup of poppy or Diacodium with Syrups Juyces and other convenient Waters is good also Outward Applications can do little to stop Veins in the Lungs because they grow not to the breast and strong astringents laid to the breast do keep in the blood therefore use only a little Oyl of Myrtles Mastick or Quinces which do but little good or hurt And if the Vein be opened in the breast apply stronger things where the pain is for then there is no spiting of blood as I shewed You may here if the bleeding be great apply things to the Liver Stones and other parts as in other Fluxes As the Amulets for bleeding at the Nose That Spitting of Matter which is from Flegm changed into Matter The Cure of Spitting of Matter is cured as the the spitting of Flegm If it be mixed with blood comming from the Inflammation of the Lungs cure it as a Pleurisie or Peripneumony or Inflammation of the Lungs If it come from an Ulcer in the Lungs cure it as the Phthysick If it come from the cavity of the Breast in an Empyema passing through the Lungs ulcerated cure it as the Phthysick also opening the Breast As we shewed in the Excretions in the Superficies of the Body If a Bladder with Matter be voided by spitting The Cure of a bladder or imposthume spet up either whole or broken cure it as an Ulceration of the Lungs in a Consumption But if the Lungs be not hurt or no signs thereof you must not take that course except after they have bin often voided there be a suspition that others may grow then by the medicines mentioned for the Cough you must hinder the growth of them And if they be new grown as will appear by the heaviness of the Lungs least it should hurt the Lungs by Continuance Dioscorides orders that Goats Organ and Sowbread seeds be often drunk or licked with Honey The Fume of dryed Colts-soot will do the same And other strong expectorating Medicines CHAP. IX Of Vomiting The Kinds AVomit or Vomiting by which the thing taken and other Humors and Excrements are sent forth from the Stomach by the Gullet and Mouth is almost alwayes preternatural though it doth good because it is not usual and necessary as spitting pissing going to stool nor is it so easie as those when they are according to Nature but is like a Cough with labour pain crying and sweat and there goes before a loathing moistness and bitterness of the mouth trembling of the Lipps and other accidents worse in them who are unfit and hard to vomit And it is chiefly preternatural when it is often and much or things are voided that ought not These are of divers sorts both in Diseases whose symptoms they are Preternatural Vomiting and without Diseases When Vomiting is without a Disease or other accidents but only those of Vomiting that is after Gluttony or Drunkenness They cast up their gorge and immoderate wine and therewith somtimes many Excrements both of Flegm and Choler This happens to many either suddenly or after sleep with a Diziness And though it refresh yet if it be usual and continue long it weaknens the Stomach and leaves thirst and other accidents There is another Vomiting after nauseous meats by which they and other things are cast out of the Belly and this if immoderate is hurtful There is also another which is usual and comes after the giving of venemous medicines purges especially which are suddenly thrown up again or when they begin to work downwnrds with divers Excrements Also that Vomiting which is from a Vomit given on purpose if it be violent or much is dangerous And such symptomes as follow Cholar follow these Vomitings There is another usual Vomiting with Women with Child who Vomit after their Conception when fasting or after meat And though this is without hurt yet if it be with great force and continue it hurteth There are some Vomitings when Men are sick in which some throw up easily too much or nauseous meat crude and unconcocted Some vomit much Flegm Snot Choler especially in the morning with pain of the Heart before and sourness bitterness and roughness of Teeth after it All which though they give ease yet by continuance they hurt and bring other Diseases As that excellent Printer Frobenius that used after his first sleep for many years to vomit corrupt matter blackish dyed after of the same Disease In divers Diseases of the Stomach Guts and other parts Vomitings are with other symptoms As I shewed in them which are different in respect of Flegm Choler or Blood There is in divers Diseases Vomiting of Flegm Vomiting of Flegm alone or with other Humors And it is either clammy snotty glutinous muddy frothy or watery either sweet sour or sharp al these are called flegmatick We shewed this in other Diseases at large Vomiting of Choler is as usual in many Diseases where it was described Vomiting of Choler in which yellow or like Brimstone or like the Yolk of an Egg is voided which is tough or green and that like Herbs moist and thin like Leeks or Horehound in colour or so green that it is compared to Verdegreece or black or skie-coloured which I saw plentifully vomited by women in a Dropsie alone And then there are worse Symptoms There is a kind of cholerick Vomiting The Disease of Choler worse then the other accidents which is accompanied with purging of Choler this is called the Disease of Choler differing from the Colick A continual Purging or Vomiting with great force and conturbation is of sharp and bitter Choler thin or thick green black or yellow pure or mixed and sometimes bloody There are great Pains in the Belly and Guts with pricking and pain of the Back and Loins There is often herewith burning of Urin by reason of Choler And an intollerable thirst without a Feaver which is but somtimes called a Synochus which we described in cholerick Diseases which is not great nor can be except another Feaver come Then follows great weakness and faintness the pulse is swift and weak and when the Disease continueth and increaseth there is fainting and swounding the Heart beats and when the outward parts begin to grow cold and of a cold sweat Death is at hand Usually a Convulsion followeth before which went the Hickets and Cramp of the Legs which foretelleth
also if it come from a hurt in the Reins with these medicines following We revel or pluck back the blood when it flows too much by blood-letting and cupping in the extream parts but if the Loins be cupped the blood would be drawn thither from the great Veins If the Flux come from the blood being watery or unclean it must be cleansed with gentle purgers that astringe as we shewed in all other Haemorragies We stop the Flux with things that thicken the blood and stop the passages with some things that stupesie the sense as follow Pouders are given with Sugar of Roses or an Eg or steeled Milk or Sheeps milk or old red Wine Syrup of dryed Roses Myrtles or convenient Waters These are proper pouder of Horstayl Yarrow Comfrey roots Snakeweed five leaved Grass Myrtle seeds Date-stones Maudlin according to Dioscorides wild Cummin seed Bole or sealed Earth Blood-stone red Coral which dissolves the clotted blood Amber burnt Ivory Gum Traganth Arabick Acacia and the like The troches also of Amber Winter-cherries of Gordonius and such as bind mentioned in the Ulcers of the Reins that allay the heat of the urin Waters Juyces and Decoctions of Plantane Purslane Yarrow Shepheards-purse Sumach Quinces and the like Also Narcoticks as Philonium Persicum as in other Fluxes and other Troches with Opium And with Henbane seeds as in Spitting of Blood Anoint the Reins with this Take Bole or other glutinating Earth half an ounce Rinds of Pomegranates or Galls two drams Dragons blood Allum each one dram with Oyl of Myrtles the White of an Egg and a little Vinegar make an Oyntment or Plaister Juyce of Plantane instead of the Oyl is better Mix Juyce of Purslane with Barley-flower and apply it to the Reins If Pissing of Blood come from taking of Cantharides or Spanish flies The Cure of pissing blood from taking of Spanish Fliks we give things which allay the heat of urin by which the mouths of the emulgent Vessels are opened and this Flux is raised chiefly the Decoction of Line-seed and steeled Milk Emulsions of the great cold Seeds white Poppy seeds and sweet Almonds Also Oyl of Almonds Roses whites of Eggs and Mucilage of Fleabane seed And if it continue other remedies mentioned If Pissing of Blood come from a hurt of the bladder The Cure of pissing of blood from hurt of the bladder in regard much blood cannot flow from so few veins you must apply remedies to the hurt or wound both at the mouth and by Injections And if it continue use the remedies mentioned and the Oyntments to the bladder If clotted blood stop the bladder we give things to dissolve it as Amber Kids Runnet and the like mentioned in want of Pissing from clotted blood chiefly Savory dissolves blood in the bladder And if you put the Yard into a hollow Raddish the clotted blood will come forth When the Urin comes forth at a Wound as when you cut for the stone The Cure of preternatural pissing from a Wound there is no way but to cure the wound When a wound pierceth the lower parts of the belly and bladder and the urin comes forth cure only the wound but if it be incurable as usually it is the urin will pass that way till death neither will the ulcer grow together As we shewed in the Cutting of a fleshy Rupture when the bladder was divided so that the wound turned into a Fistula and the Patient pissed through it without other inconvenience because the urin fell not into the belly but came forth Somtimes as in him that was gored with an Ox through the belly and bladder when the wound is cured the urin turns to its proper passage which we suppose was done because the wound was in the fleshy part of the bladder which will grow together and be healed otherwise in the membranous part it will not except the wound be near to some flesh which is pierced unto which the membrane may grow so that the hole in the bladder may be covered with a Callus and the urin return to its Natural passage CHAP. XI Of Dejection or going to Stool The Kinds DEjection is commonly that Excretion which is by the Belly by which the Excrements thick and thin are voided with divers Humors This is preternatural when the Excrements voided are too many and is called Diarrhaea Preternatural Dejection Or when other humors are mixed with the excrements or raw flesh in the Lientery Or the Chyle in the Coeliack passion mentioned or blood in the bloody flux or matter or fat mentioned in the unctious Dejection And if things are voided as worms and other things taken we shall mention them in a Chapter by themselves Also that is a preternatural Excretion of the belly when the excrements pass the wrong way Of which we shall speak in order Diarrhaea is a Flux of the Belly Diarrhaea or Flux of the belly over purging if it come after the taking of a purge it is called an over-purging this is a preternatural immoderate and often going to stool when the dung and other excrements and humors are voided often more or less These are first thick then thin and watery of divers colours ash-coloured clay-like yellow black equally or unequally tinctured many times mixed with white thick clammy flegm This excrement is somtimes waterish frothy clammy clear and white like Froggs spawn somtimes thick like melted glass as we have seen after a stool without evil scent Somtimes frothy Flegm is voided in abundance The Flux of the Brain and then it is called the Flux of the Brain from whence it comes somtimes it is yellow cholerick and froathy somtimes black and thick These because they are voided thick and but few rather cause a needing or Tenesmus then a Dirrhaea Of which we shall speak which continually molesteth without voiding much and with great difficulty In Dirrhaea's there are somtimes pains of the belly greater and less with stretching and rumbling especially at first Somtimes there is a heat in the Fundament and desire to void often especially in Tenesmus Somtimes there is pain of the stomach or heart as they say with vomiting yet not so violent as in the Disease Choler mentioned in Vomiting by which the meat chyle slime flegm or choler in the stomach is vomited up somtimes other natural faculties are hurt and there is a Feaver Lientery is a preternatural Dejection of the belly Lientery in which the meat eaten is little changed but comes forth with other excrements in a Flux not so great as a Diarrhaea Somtimes with noise of the stomach and belly and hurt of Natural Functions The Coeliack passion is that preternatural Excretion of the Belly Caeliack passion whether it be more or less in which the Juyce made of the meat eaten or the Chyle impersectly concocted or crude and moist of an Ash or Clay-colour thick and whitish somtimes more or less pure is sent forth And the Patient
prevented If every morning you wash with water Wine 〈…〉 a little Vinegar and rub the Teeth and after use Dentifrices if need require and then wash them again with the same If this should be done dayly as the Teeth need no less washing then the Hands they might be kept clean and sound til old age except some other accident and without these they cannot be kept clean white and uncorrupted Eating keeps the Teeth clean therefore on that side where the Teeth are rotten and they cannot shew is sooner infected and there are scales Therefore let them use to eat one both sides When meat fastned in the Teeth is picked out somthing is taken from the sides because it cannot be so easily come at when it is lodged within as when any filth is without Therefore it is good to dip the Tooth pickers made of wood as was shewed in Salt or Allum water You must take off the hard slakes with Iron Files or flegms for that purpose made broad or sharp CHAP. XIII Of the Voiding of Living Creatures The Kinds THere are some Living Creatures bred in the Body which are wholly besides nature as also the voiding of them And they are either Worms or Insects or Lice As for Fleas it is a doubt whether they be bred in mans body or not but no doubt they come from others There are divers kinds of Worms that come from divers parts of the Body Worms voided by Stool which are like other Worms The long worms are called Lumbrici Long Worms because they are like Earth worms They are round sharp at the both ends like Earth worms shewing neither head nor tail whitish and hard usual in Children They are voided more or fewer usually dead and somtimes alive Divers accidents accompany them the gentlest are pain of the belly gnawing at the Heart sighing a dry Cough Itching of the Nose therefore they rub it constantly grating of the Teeth restlessness heavy dreams which makes them suddenly awake and cry out The great accidents are greediness vomiting loosness Lientery Feaver Convulsion and Swouning The short worms that come from the Fundament are called Ascarides Arsworms they are round like Mites in Cheese or Worms in Ulcers These are voided alive with the Excrements with great itching and bring scarse any other accidents They reckon flat worms with these but because they neither live nor move as the other but are long membranes that grow in the body we shall mention them in other excretions Such Worms come also out at the mouths of Children in their sleep Worms comming out at the mouth and from others at other times causing Vomiting I cannot omit the mentioning of a monsterous worm very great behind the Head like a Canker worm hairy with a black shell like a beatle upon the back with many Legs like an Ear-wig voided by a souldier vomiting after long heart pains Some thought that worms breed in the Teeth within Worms of the Teeth being deceived by the smal Fibres found in broken teeth as in cavities of great bones Some thought them to be Nerves Others Wormes But they may be in hollow teeth The Lumbrici or long worms will come out at the Nose Worms in the Teeth or Mouth and cause itching Somtimes little worms have been blown out at the Nose from an Ulceration there A Bergen Physitian affirmed seriously to me that he saw a hairy worm with many Feet like an Ear-wig sneesed out at the Nose by a woman which a long time before felt a great Itching about her Fore-head It was shewed in Ulcers of the Ears that worms come forth with matter VVorms in the Ears VVorms coughed up VVorms pissed forth Some affirm that men in Consumptions have coughed up worms I saw a Man who had the Colick of whom I spake in the Colick that made Urin with infinite small worms like mites in cheese swimming alive therein which dying sanke down in a great lump to the bottom And I saw the same after in others And have since read of divers that have seen the same VVe shewed in verminous or worm Ulcers VVorms in Vlcers how they bred there VVe have seen in the bottom of the navel a long round worm Navel-wormes such as breeds in meal that thrust it self forth and drew in again Some affirm that the long worms of the Guts have come forth at an Ulcer which hath pierced through the Belly and Guts VVorms in a wound of the Belly It is reported that in some Diseases there are worms in the Arms Dracunculi or little dragons Leggs Thighs and sides called Dracunculi in high Dutch Mittfross But we leave the description of them to them that have seen them Besides these kinds of worms VVorms remaining inclosed in the Body others are bred in the Body where there is no passage for them to get out But after death are found in dissection or Anatomy of which neither the Patient that complained of other Diseases nor the Physitian knew These belong not to things voided or Excreta but to other accidents where they shall be spoken of Under the Heart it is reported that worms breed which prick and molest VVorms under the heart but they express not the part being deceived with those worms that rise to the mouth of the stomach and there molest the Heart For they cannot breed any where about the Heart or Pericardium or under it because it grows to the Midriff Lice come from divers parts of the Superficies of the Body Phtheiriasis or the lousie Disease and cause an Itching molestation which is called Phtheiriasis The kinds whereof are distinguished by the parts of the Body Lice breed most in hairy places Lice in hairy Parts especially the Head usually in Children and poor people and somtimes in other unclean persons When they are grown they are broad with many feet equal because they leap not but creep And they have a black spot in their backs sometimes The young ones are called Nits Somtimes they grow in the Beard and Eye-brows and cause Itching there But are little and are quickly routed from those small quarters Also in the Hair under the Arms VVorms that eat the Hair some teach that the Hair of the Head and Beard may be eaten and cleft with worms or lice scarce visible There are Lice found fastned to the skin about the hairy parts of the Privities Lice that grow to the skin or crab-lice that cause grievous itching and pricking and stick very fast Which the French call Morpions Or kil-Doves because they are like the Lice in Dove-cots that kill Pigeons We call them Crab-lice because they resemble the Crab-fish These somtimes creep into other parts and there stick in the skin There is a peculiar sort of Lice that breeds in the Palms of the Hands Hand-lice and in no other part except the Soles of the Feet under the skin which causeth a little
swelling or cleft and a continual Itching And when they are taken out they cannot be seen to move but upon a clear glass These are called Chirones from the Hand in Greek and Acari The Causes All kinds of Worms or Lice breeds of Juyce or Filth Worms breed of Juyce that putrefieth by heat which is either Chyle or any putrid Matter The Lumbrici of the Guts breed of chyl in the hungry Gut called Jejunum Chyle is the cause of long Worms where any of it which is not sucked away by the Meseraicks because it is too thick or too fat but is wrought by the heat of the guts through long continuance into one or more living worms This Chyle is produced from the eating of certain meats which afford matter for worms For which cause chiefly Infants that seed too soon upon flesh and have not milk that is convenient are so troubled with worms These worms as they breed of this Juyce so are they nourished thereby And when they consume it they cause a great appetite And if they creep into the guts they torment them with tickling sucking and pulling and cause griping and Fluxes And if they get up to the stomach whether they may easily go from the smal guts then by molestation and hindering of concoction they cause accidents and diseases of the Stomach and Lientery And if they gnaw the mouth of the Stomach they produce Symptomes of the Heart and Brain And if they rise upwards to the Jawes and Nostrils they trouble them But they cause the greatest accidents when they are killed and putrefied in the small Guts and send up stinking vapors to the Heart and Brain which cause Convulsions and Feavers It is thought that worms a long time retained can so gnaw the Guts that they may pass through the Belly about the navel or Groyns But this is not probable for they have neither sharp bills nor open nor teeth and by sucking they cannot do it Therefore if worms come forth there these come from some Imposthume in the outward parts and are not Lumbrici or long worms but such as breed in Ulcers And if they come from the Guts there was first a wound which made the passage But if worms come downward from the small Guts with the Excrements into the Gut Colon then if they pass presently through they come forth alive at the Fundament Or if they be mixed with the Excrements and kept long they are cast forth dead with the Excrements Ascarides or little Worms in the Fundament and elsewhere Slime or flegm is the cause of Ars-worms and Noseworms come from a putrid matter which getting a new heat from putrefaction produceth divers worms according to the diversity of the matter which is simple or compound Ascarides come from Flegm or Slime long kept in the folds of the thick Guts and they will lie long there till they are sent forth by the Excrements Also from flegm long lodged and putrefied in the cavities of the Nose may come worms And that hairy or downy Canker-worm which we reported to be sneesed out from a womans nose was so bred From Matter not only ripe Matter is the cause of worms in the Nose Ears and Lungs and Teeth but putrefied in Ulcers of the Nose and external Ulcers of the Ears And from that in the Navel come worms And from that in the Lungs ulcerated come worms which are spit forth And if they be found in the teeth they come from the putrefaction in the cavities thereof Ascarides or Arse-worms come more usually from Meat that easily putrefieth Meat eaten that putrefieth is the cause of Arse-worms and teethworms and such as are pissed forth as Flesh Cheese Fruits when it sticks in the windings of the thick Guts then from Flegm Because we may perceive that such things being out of the Body produce the same The same things sticking long in a hollow tooth may produce worms VVe shewed formerly that some worms bred of cheese were pissed forth and it is probable for they are very like mites And the Patient as we shewed in the Colick lived long upon Cheese and voided a quantity of it by the use of a Clyster Of which Cheese long retained and putrefied in the Guts it is probable that these worms bred And were sent by the Meseraicks with the Serum or whey into the hollow Vein and so into the Kidneys and Bladder And this is easie because they are very little bodies And in regard thicker Humors and bodies do pass the same way And this is the reason why others have pissed worms from eating Cheese which had them or bred them after it was eaten For in another corruption of Humors either in or out of the Veins it is seldom seen that worms are voided by urin And every corruption doth not produce worms of this form like mites but ascarides or the like Nor can they be from the ulcers of the Reins and Bladder because they come from Ulcers in another form Lice breed from filth sticking to the skin which filth proceeds from Vapors Filth of the skin is the cause of Lice Sweating and the Excrements of the Skin both under and above it in Children and poor people and such as are nasty in certain parts of them where they putrefie Especially in hairy parts because filth will stick faster there and can be less taken off then from the smooth skin Especially in the Head where they are most abundant smal at the first and sticking to the skin but being nourished by the nourishment that comes to the skin they grow great and march about the Head and somtimes into the Garments and other parts of the Body But if this Filth have any other Infection besides the excrementitial moisture as about the Privities where there is a venemous Vapor in unclean persons it causeth a worse Progeny and then the Lice are worse stick deeper in the skin called Crab-lice These come from Copulation when the hairy parts are united From that which causeth Scabs being retained under the thick skin of the palm of the Hand The Venom of humors is the cause of Lice in the Hand and corrupted proceed those little Lice under the scarfe skin called Chirones as appears by the Pustles and Scabs that are at the same time there And the thickness of the skin in the Palm of the Hand is the cause why they are rather there then in another part which keeps these thin Excrements from being discussed And the same may be in the Soles of the Feet The Cure Lumbrici or long Worms bred in the thin Guts The Cure of long Worms staying long and nourished with Chyle are not known when they do no hurt And without other Remedies pass through the Guts with the Excrements or get upwards but seldom through the Mouth and Nose But when they do hurt either alive or dead by staying in the Guts and producing accidents in tender Bodies especially and endanger
the same Herbs boyled in Wine Vinegar and Water is also good Also Baggs filled with the remainder of the Herbs or the same dryed in pouder or sprinkled after anointing You may apply things to the Stomach if you suspect the worms to be there as wormwood Mints Aloes c. And if there be a Flux ad Oyl of Mastick Quinces Spike Roses Pouder of Mastick Roses Cloves and the like proper for the Stomach Some approve of Oyntments for the Heart of things that kill worms and Cordials these are good in Faintings and reach to the Stomach Some apply them to the Pulses also and Temples and Back-bone Chiefly this following Take Aloes an ounce Myrrh two drams Saffron half a dram â—â—â—er them and add juyce of Citrons Lemmons or Orangeâ—â— or Rose vinegar for an Oyntment Instead hereof you may moisten the pestilential Pills in the Juyces and apply them to the Heart Or this Oyntment Take the three things mentioned and add Citron seeds peeled Ivory shavings burnt Harts horn each one scruple red Coral half a dram Piony seeds If you sear a Convulsion two scruples Cloves wood Aloes each one scruple mix them with Juyces as the former for an Oyntment or a Plaister Treacle may be mixed so also with Pouders or Juyces and applied to the Heart or Pulses The Urin of a Boar that is found in his Bladder mixed with Oyl and hung in the Smoak is good to anoint the Pulses and Temples This Oyl following also to the Heart Pulses and Temples is highly commended It is made of Oyl of Scorpions in which Treacle Aloes Myrrh Scordium Gentian white Thistle Gith and Vinegar are boyled Others make Epithems for the Heart adding to the former Wormseed Cordial pouders Piony seeds and mix them with the Oyntments Of Amulets they say that Garlick hung about the neck kills worms and yellow French Lavender Ascarides that breed in the thick Gut The Cure of Ars-worms are often voided with Excrements greater or less And if they come to the fundament and cause Itching they must be cured VVhich is done by keeping the Excrements from too much putrefaction with good diet and purging and things that resist putrefaction as sour Juyces and other Dryers as Harts horn and others mentioned in the Cure of Worms Also such things as draw them down or kill them They are cured as the long worms with Purges and proper Medicines But especially with Clysters and Suppositories for things taken at the mouth loose their vertue before they come to the part For Suppositories they are to be put into the Fundament and tyed with a threed being made of things that allure them As Flesh Fat Lard a little Salt or of a Fig the inside outward or of a Beet root or Cabbage stalk spread over with Honey Also a Suppository of boyled Honey without Salt with Pulp of Figs or Raisons boyled and put up doth bring them forth though it come not it self whole forth And to kill them mix Aloes and Gall of an Ox with Honey without Salt at first that it may be kept in the longer Clysters to kill these worms are the same with the former in a less quantity Or this Take Gentian and Birthwort roots each one ounce Wormwood Horehound Arsmart Calamints each one pugil Lupins one ounce boyl them adding the Gall of an Ox Goat or Hog two drams Sal Gem one dram make a Clyster You may add Hiera Benedicta Laxativa or some bitter Oyls Also a Clyster of Lye Pickle Brine or Urin kills these worms in the Arse Anoint the Fundament with Quick-silver Rosin and Grease mixed or anoint a Suppository therewith this is the best Remedy to cure these Arse-worms For the Cure of all these Worms you must as here prevent the cause that breeds them and kills them and carry them away The Cure of worms in the Nose As the worms in the Nose must be cured by curing the Ulcer as we shewed in Ulcers And by the smoak of Leek seed Wormwood and Aloes taken into the Nose They are cured by curing the Ulcer The Cure of worms in the Ears as was shewed in Ulcers of the Ears And with the Juyce of Calamints and Hemp and as Dioscorides shews with the Juyce of Capar roots or Urine boyled in a Pomegranate shell and dropped in And with other things there mentioned The Cure of worms coughed up If from an inward Ulcer of the Lungs worms be coughed up which is seldom you must cure the Ulcer as we shewed in the Phthysick If pissing of worms comes from eating of any thing The Cure of worms pissed forth as Cheese mentioned Let them abstain from it Bitter The Cure of worms in Ulcers sharp and cleansing things cure lousie Ulcers and kill worms in them as Juyce of Wormwood Centaury Garlick Leeks Onions and Galls of Beasts Or a Decoction of Hellebore Dittany Gentian roots Wormwood Centaury Calaminth Horehound in Lye with Bran. Or the Pouder of Dandelion Hogs-snout sprinkled upon the Ulcer Especially the Oyntment of Quick-silver VVe have cured the worm that lyeth in the Navel The Cure of worms in the Navel and drawn it out with Flower of Lupins boyled in Vinegar without any hurt If worms breed in a hollow tooth The Cure of worms in the Teeth they cannot remain long there but fall out or are easily taken out when the teeth are cleansed And if they stay and be thought the cause of the tooth-ach stop the teeth with Aloes and Camphire mixed with aqua vitae Or take in the Smoak of Leek seed Wormwood and Aloes cast upon fire The Smoak of Henbane seed taken in with a Funnel cures the worms in the teeth as those in the Hands Some write that by the taking in of those Fumes to allay the Tooth-ach there are bred things like worms They say that worms are bred under the Heart The Cure of worms under the Heart and are killed with drinking of the Juyce of Garlick Radish and Water-cresses and if there be a suspicion of their breeding by an Itching about the Heart that may be from the worms that suck the Mouth of the Stomach nevertheless give the same Remedies Those Lice that march about are more easily cured The Cure of Lice then they that are fixed to the Skin they have been in such swarms in some diseases that they have caused death But this is rather imputed to Divine Judgement then to Natural Causes The Cure is first of the Cause then of the lousie Disease The Cause which is Nastiness must be prevented and taken away By Evacuations if there be foulness of blood thereby or Plethory which causeth the abundance of them Such as we shewed in the Cure of the Itch. Among which Sweats are excellent to cleanse the skin either with a dry or moist Bath To the Evacuations joyn a good Diet for some things drive the Excrements to the skin and breed Lice as Figs and Vipers flesh Of which we
are then less bitter grow there Take of Hiera picra simple in which is Saffron which is thought to be proper against the jaundies one dram and an half of Rhubarb and Senna each one dram of Mechoacan half a dram of shavings of Ivory and of Harts-horn each one scruple make a pouder give one dram with Whey or Wine and if you add one scruple of Diagridium it will work the better Hiera Coloquintidos given instead of the other by reason of the double Bitterness of Aloes and Coloquintida will open the passages more violently and stir up Nature and therefore they give Wine infused in the Apple of coloquintida made hollow or the like The Extract of Aloes Rosate with Rhubarb is chiefly given in a jaundze as a purge the preparation whereof we shewed in the pain of the Heart from weakness of the Stomach or this Take of the essence of Aloes prescribed in the Chapter mentioned three ounces of the pouder of Rhubâ—rb sprinkled with Cinnamon water one ounce of the Extract of the same six drams and with Syrup of Wormwood make a Mass for Pills Potions are made of catholicon Diaphaenicon of the Electuary of the juyce of Roses Diaprunis Diapsyllium dissolved in Wormwood water or the like adding proper Syrups The Electuary of Sowbread purgeth and sweateth Potions are made of the infusion of Rhubarb with spike and cinnamon in wine or water of Troches of Agarick in Honey with water Syrups and Electuaries aforementioned with purge Or of a preparing Apozeme with Polypody carthamus and Senna in the Decoction and then with Rhubarb Myrobalans and Agarick infused make a purging Apozeme for some daies Or the Aggregative pills or pil aureâ—e alone or mixed with Pills of Rhubarb Sweating doth send the choler with the Serum or Water from the branches of the gate Vein and also takes away that which was in the skin by the Pores which maybe good after that Choler which was in the Meseraiks Veins and caused the Jaundies first is purged away least it be by sweating carried into the Veins and it is done by Baths and other things mentioned It is good also to provoke Urine to bring Choler out that way which otherwise used to colour the Urin and is often plentifully so voided which is done by things that open obstructions and better if Diureticks are added thereunto Thus Take of red Vetches one pugil of Melon seeds one ounce and an half of Fennel seed two drams of Dodder seed one dram of red Sanders one dram and an half of Spike and Asarum roots each one dram boil them in convenient stilled water till there remain one pint and an half Take of the strained liquor aromatize it with cinnamon and yellow Sanders and sweeten it with Sugar for some Doses You may use things that alter before and purging to prepare and open Obstructions and to dissolve Tumors if such be in the Jaundies many of them are described in the Cachexy and they that are good for the Liver in the like case may be here used in the jaundies the causes being observed choosing such things as heat not over much and breed choller besides which these following are proper for the jaundies Decoctions made in Water or water and wine and Vinegar are made divers waies to be drunk three or more Mornings together as thus of many things which may be also made of few Take of the five opening Roots of Dock-roots each half an ounce of Orris roots and round Birth-wort and Asarum each two drams of Tamarisk barks an ounce of Succory five leaved Grass Dropwort with the Roots Groundpine Germander and the Capillary Herbs of Endive Liver-wort Agrimony and Dodder each one handful of the Topps of Wormwood Rosemary Horebound and the greater Celandine each half an handful of Elder flowers and Broom flowers each one pugil of red or black Vetches one pugil of the four great cold seeds each one dram Anise seeds half an ounce of Caraway seeds three drams of Parsley and Turnep seed each one dram of Prunes and Figs each five pair boyl them in water and wine in the Liquor strained being one pint and an half dissolve Sugar as much as fit and aromatize it with Cinnamon cassia lignea Spike or Sanders for an Apozeme for four or five Doses Besides these the Decoction of wild Flax St. Johns wort Samphire Penny-royal Organ Polymountane wild Mints wild Marjoram Ground Ivy Chamomil Fleabane and its flowers and the Roots of Alkanet Hog Fennel and Perewinkle or Swallow-wort Eringus Carduus and Ash barks Also the Decoction of Celandine Roots with Elicampane Oak Moss and Saffron If these simples be steeped in Wine and then the Wine given at several times it will work more strongly Or make this wine of Succory Fennel and Asparagus Roots each six drams of Asarum Roots three drams of Horehound Wormwood and the lesser Centaury dryed each two drams of the Tops of Rosemary one pugil of Lavender flowers half a pugil of Indian and Celick Spikenard and Schaenanth each half a dram slice them and put thereto three pints of white Wine add two drams of Rhubarb to make it purge and if you add two drams of steel it will be admirable A simple Wine in which half an ounce of Asarum roots or steel hath been infused is good Dioscorides commends Squill wine some steep the fore Teeth of a Beaver in wine and drink it Another is made thus Take of Sarsa two ounces of Fennel Parsley Burnet Orris and Rhapontick roots each half an ounce of Elicampane two drams of Gemian and Asarum roots and Pellitory of Spain each one dram of Agrimony Wormwood Dodder Horehound Germander Groundpine each half an handful of Tops of the lesser Centaury one pugil of Arise Fennel and Smalage Senna each one dram of Cinnamon and Galangal each one dram and an half infuse them in eight pints of white wine if you add Turbith two drams Rhubarb and Agarick each three drams of Ginger half a dram it will also purge These also may be boiled in water and wine with or without the purges and so taken some commend a distilled water of the same taken two ounces and an half at a time The juyces alone drunk from one ounce and an half to two ounces with sugar and wine is good especially the juyces of five leaved Grass Dock-roots dead Nettle Horehound Lemmons Sowbread Succory with the Roots or you may make them of such Plants as are good by Decoction Mathiolus gives the juyce of Cowcumbers Raddish water is highly commended in the Jaundies Other Potions are made of divers things as of pouders with wine and water syrups and Decoctions the more simple are the pouder of Orange peels Ivory shavings steel Earth-worms the stones in the Gall of an Ox and Brimstone which Dioscorides gives in the Yolk of an Egg. A Pouder may be made of many things thus Take of the Roots of the greater Celandine and Swallow-wort and Madder each two drams Roots of
Gentian Birth-wort and Asarum each one dram of Wormwood Horehound Vervain and Maiden-hair of Broom flowers carthamus Rosemary of carva seeds Endive Germander and columbine seeds each half a dram of shavings of Ivory and Harts horn each one dram of steel prepared with Vinegar one dram and an half of dried Earth-worms one dram of cinnamon Nutmeg Mace Spikenard each half a dram of Myrrh Mastich and Frankincense each one scruple of Saffron half a scruple make a Pouder give one dram or more with sugar or without with wine or other convenient Liquor This Pouder is bitter but excellent Take of Gentian Roots one dram of the Tops of the lesser centaury Orenge peels Ivory and Harts horn shavings of Cinnamon each half a dram make a pouder give one dram in wine or other Liquor These Troches are good in a jaundize that tends to a Dropsie Take of Rhubarb two scruples of Asarum roots Gum Lac each half a dram of cinnamon Spikenard schaenanth cassia lignea each one scruple make them in Troches with juyce of Wormwood or Agrimony or Triphera Saracenica give it in wine or water The usual Pouders to open Obstructions are of the troches of Rhubarb Agrimony Wormwood also Trionsantalon Diarrhodon Abbatis Diacarcuma Dialacca in which sometimes Rhubarb is doubled in quantity they are given alone or mixed with wine That Pouder which some commend so highly in the Jaundies which they divide into three parts and give at three Mornings together in the Decoction of Vetches is this Take of columbine seeds Harts horn and eastern Saffron each one dram make a fine pouder for three Doses There are Potions made of cray fish beaten with celandine and water and then strained five ounces of the urine of a Boy drunk often doth it by Experience with sugar or Honey to sweeten it Others boil Goose dung in water or wine and strain it and give it to be drunk Cummin seed eaten presently after bathing is approved And this the German Women use still and beleeve it to be of great force Dioscorides gives May-weed after barhing its yellow flowers I suppose The Leaves of Sage often drunk have cured some and the Leaves of wild Rocket often eaten Others beleeve that eleven Lice drunk down will cure the jaundies This Electuary is convenient Take of the conserve of the flowers or Roots of Succory of Maiden-hair each one ounce of the conserve of Smallage Roots Orris Orange peels each half an ounce of shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn each one dram and an haâ— of the usual Pouders one dram make them into an Electuary with some of the aforementioned syrups let him take a Bolus and drink the Phisical Wine or water after it It will be of more force if you add to this Electuary two drams of Bitter Almonds one dram of the great cold seeds of Rhubarb one dram of Steel prepared two drams of Pouder of Earth-worms half a dram of Saffron one scruple and an half Cinnamon and Nutmeg each half a dram and with Oxymel of Squills make an Electuary The Pills of simples which are hard to be taken by Reason of their evil sent and tast in pouders are made thus Take of Gentian roots Birthwort Madder and Rhubarb and Myrrh each half a dram of steel prepared one dram of Hogs dung dryed one scruple of Saffron half a scruple mix them with juyce or syrup of Wormwood or of Horehound and make pills The Dose is one dram And the usual Pouders may be so made into Pills Outwardly Medicines are applyed to the Liver if that cause the jaundies either by Obstruction or Hardness such as are mentioned in the Cachexy also Oyntments Emplasters and Fomentations which need not be repeated being there mentioned To other parts of the Body which are discoloured Remedies may be used as Baths for taking away Choler that remains over the Body after the cause is removed and will not breath it self forth as at other times And they must be dry when we intend to sweat with Flax aired with Elder and Junâ—per burnt also they must take an inward Sudorifick before bathing Moist Baths are made by boyling these following to cleanse and discuss as Pellitory of the Wall Beets Mallows Marsh-mallows Soapwort Centaury Wormwood Horehound Fumitory Chamomel Sorrel Elicampane Melilot Rosemary Organ Misleto of the Oak the greater Celandine golden Flowers which three last having yellow juyce are thought to be proper against Choller with Beans Lupines Bran and Barley Waters to wash with are used at the comming forth of the Bath made of cleansing Herbs For the face which is most visible to recover its colour it must be washed in the Bath and after with this Decoction or the like with Wine Vinegar Water of Roses Beans or Sorrel or with the Juyce of Pomegranates Lemmons Citrons or Syrup of Sorrel Vinegar dissolved in waters or Decoctions To take away the yellowness of the Eyes waters must be dropped into them with the Juyce of Pomegranates or wine and water or Juyce of Coriander You may put into the Nose things that by neesing disperse choller from the Face and Eyes anoynting the Nostrils within with Scammony which because it attracteth Choller is made choice of but we use it because by Experience we find that it provokes Neesing mixed with Honey but Elaterium mixed with Milk doth it more violently other Errhines do it more mildly as the Juyce of Horehound white Beets and Gith seeds and the Decoction thereof Also the Sent of Nigella or Gith when it is eaten and of Vinegar do the same Rubbings after bathing and otherwise are good to take away the Reliques of choller from the skin Applications made to the soles of the Feet have been cryed up by the vulgar as the greater Celandine and Misleto of the Oak whole or bruised with Horehound somtimes wine and Vinegar and salt and these applyed to the wrists work more speedily One told me for a certain truth that many have been cured of the jaundies by pissing upon new made Horse dung while it is hot Let the Diet be proper let the Drink be thin white wine mixed with the Decoction of Roots of Grass and Asparagus or other openers and let other things be answerable That Redness which comes from Blood The Cure of Redness which is chiefly in the Face if it be either from Bashfulness or Anger as it quickly comes so it goes away with the passion And that which continueth long which either comes from external Heat or a Disease hath no cure but by abating the Heat Paleness if it be from want of blood The Cure of Paleness by the loss of the flowrishing colour only and from cold it will continue only while the Body grows hot as that which comes by fainting returns afterwards and that which comes from a Disease will cease with the Disease and there is no peculiar Direction for it That Blackness which is Natural and comes from the seed if it be like a Blackmore