Effervescency of Blood in the Right Ventricle of the Heart deprav'd Page 118 Chap. 20. Of the Motion of Blood through the Lungs deprav'd Page 146 Chap. 21. Of the Alteration of Blood by Air Inspir'd and Expir'd deprav'd Page 154 Chap. 22. Of the Inspiration of Air deprav'd Page 158 Chap. 23. Of the Expiration of Air deprav'd Page 169 Chap. 24. Of the Nourishment of the Lungs deprav'd Page 182 Chap. 25. Of the Perfection of Blood in the Left Ventricle of the Heart deprav'd Page 189 Chap. 26. Of the Motion of the Heart and Arteries or the Pulse deprav'd Page 191 Chap. 27. Of Fevers in General Page 197 Chap. 28. Of a Fever of One Day Page 206 Chap. 29. Of Synochal commonly call'd Containing Fevers Page 217 Chap. 30. Of Intermitting Fevers Page 240 Chap. 31. Of Synechal or Continual Fevers so especially call'd Page 287 Chap. 32. Of an Hectie Fever Page 290 Chap. 33. Of Malign Fevers Page 297 Chap. 34. Of a Vniversal Languishing as also of Swenning and the Syncope Page 300 Chap. 35. Of the Palpitation of the Heart Page 333 Chap. 36. Of the Flowing of Blood out of the Left Ventricle of the Heart through the great Artery to all the Part 's of the Body deprav'd Page 338 Chap. 37. Of the Nâ—urishment of all the Parts deprav'd and in special of an Atrophia or Pining Page 342 Chap. 38. Of an over-Fleshy and Fat Constitution of the Body Page 346 Chap. 39. Of a Cachâ—xie and in special Anasarca and Lâ—ucophlegmatia Page 348 Chap. 40. Of the Reslux of Blood through the Veins from all the Parts to the Right Ventricle of the Heart deprav'd and in special of an Inflammation Page 354 Chap. 41. Of the Generation and Separation of the Animal Spirits in the Brain and Cerebellum deprav'd Page 369 Chap. 42. Of the Motion of the Animal Spirits through the Nervs deprav'd Page 382 Chap. 43. Of the over-perfecting of Blood in the Spleen deprav'd Page 392 Chap. 44. Of the Generation of Choler deprav'd Page 396 Chap. 45. Of the Retention or Excretion of Choler in its Pag deprav'd Page 407 Chap. 46. Of the Motion of Choler to the Gut hindred and in especial of the Jauâ—dice Page 412 Chap. 47. Of the Mâ—tion of Choler to the Blood through the Liver deprav'd Page 43â— Chap. 48. Of the Mixing of Choler with the Blood in the Liver deprav'd Page 432 Chap. 49. Of the Preparation of Lympha of the Glandul's in the Conglobated or great Glandul's deprav'd Page 435 Chap. 50. Of the Motion of Glandulous Lympha through the Lymphatic Vâ—ssits and Thâ—râ—cie Passage to the left Juguler or Aâ—illâ—r Vein As also the Dropsie of the Brâ—â— Page 450 Chap. 51. Of the Preparation of Spittle in the Conglomerated or Clusterd as well upper as lower Glandul's of the Jaws deprav'd Page 456 Chap. 52. Of the Motion of Spittle into the Mouth and Gullet deprav'd Page 464 Chap. 53. Of the Generation of the Juice of the Pancreas deprav'd Page 466 Chap. 54. Of the Motion of the Juice of the Pancreas to the small Gut and its Effervescency with Choler deprav'd Page 474 Chap. 55. Of the Separation of Vrin in the Kidneys deprav'd Page 477 Chap. 56. Of the Descent of Vrin from the Kidneys through the Ureters and its Passage into the Bladder deprav'd Page 498 Chap. 57. Of the Retention of Vrin in the Bladder and its Excretion through the Vrethra deprav'd Page 500 Chap. 58. Of the Excretion of Sweat deprav'd Page 506 The Author and my Worthy Friend having both largely Epistoliz'd to this Work I think it needless to add farther save to let the Reader know that where he meets with â„¥ it signifies an Ounce Ê’ it signifies a Dram. ℈ it signifies a Scruple semis Half M. an Handful when plac'd in a Receipt M. Mix them when at the end of a Receipt Sp. Spirit Syr. Syrup The Authors Cholagogue Electuary Chap. 2 Sect. 46 Hydragogue Electuary Chap. 7 Sect. 55 Carminative Spirit Chap. 9 Sect. 29 Plaster Discussing Wind. Chap. 14 Sect. 58 Egregious Preservative Water Chap. 28 Sect. 31 Diascordium Chap. 58 Sect. 22 Of Oily Volatil Salt being so frequently commended in the most Chapters of this Book and kept as a Secret by the Author see my Advertisement at the end of the Book ERRATA PAge 8. Sect. 4. line 8. for there read thence P. 10. S. 16. l. 2. those things which P. 46. S. 10. Vomiting and its contracting Motion is turnd only in it self As P. 48. S. 22. Matter seeing it usually follows P. 126. S. 39. blot out Chap. 29 c. P. 144. S. 123. manifest them to P. 154. S. 3. read as Nitrous P. 163. S. 24. hence to the Right P. 187. S. 23. Inflamable The other small ones the Reader is desired to correct A New Idea of the Practice of PHYSICK The Distribution of the Work 1. IN our delivering a Practice of Physick for our Auditor's sake and profit compendiously and indeed not much unlike the Platerian Method we will first propose those Diseases which are more single seeing the knowledg of Compound and Complicated Ones is easilier opened if the former be known 2. And seeing Man's Health is manifâ—â—ted by the perfection of all his Functions and his Sickness by the hurt and deficiency thâ—reof we judg it fit to treat of the Diseases in order that are obvious to Physicians in practice according to the diversity of the Functions in Man that are hurt because they either constitute produce or follow them 3. All which serve either to preserve the Individual or to propagate our Kind 4. The Functions which are to preserve the Individual are well-divided into the Natural Functions sâ—rving to the various change of Food and the Animal Functions in the knowledg of any Things by the External and Internal Senses and hence consisting of the various motion of the Mind and Body 5. So we will distribute our Practice into three Books which shall treat of the Diseases belonging to I. The Natural II. The Animal Functions III. Those pertaining to Generation deprav'd 6. For rarely is one Function only hurt in the Sick but for the most part there are more hurt together Which if they depend one of another or of the same cause only the Sick shall be said to be troubled with only one Disease which has its denomination from the chief and most grievous or most notable Symptom but if they do not depend one of another and arise from divers causes then shall the Sick be said to be afflicted with divers Diseases and those of a differing Name 7. Those things which are received into Man to preserve Natural Life are either Meat to be swallowed or Air to be sucked in 8. Although there be the greatest necessity for such as Breath to suck in Air and Man cannot want Air so long as Food yet because breathing of Air seems to be ordained to alter Food in the right Ventricle of the Heart in some only nâ—t in every
of the Guts and admitted into the Lacteal Veins ought to be transferr'd and driven forward through the same to the Cistern or common Receptacle or Passage of the Thorax situated about the Loins 2. This Motion is deprav'd when it is hindred in one or more places and Chyle moves too slowly forward or is quite Stopt and Stands still 3. Chyle is hindred in its Motion through the Lacteal Veins when being too Thick and Tough it is driven forward too slowly 4. Chyle is made over-viscous because of such-like Food taken too plentifully or too long 5. Chyle is stopt in its Motion and stands still in the Lacteal Vessels when they are Obstructed somtimes by the foremention'd Chyle over-viscous Coagulated in them other-times by the Phlegm of the Guts Driven forward into them and there Coagulated 6. Phlegm of the Guts is Driven forward into the Lacteâ—l Veins as often as it is Dissolv'd by the Motion of the Body or vehement Exercise or Heat of the Air wâ—â—â— sort soever of the Sun Fire Bath c. as also somtimes by a Feaverish Burning and other things then also concurring in the Body especially Dissolv'd upon taking hot or warm Drink and so becoms fluxil and fluid 7. The same Phlegm is Coagulated as also over Viscous Chyle in the Lacteal Veins rarely by Coldness of the Air suddenly following Heat to wit when the Body is carried out of an hot place into a cold out of a Bath into a Cellar or open Northern Air and the Belly being less cover'd than ought admits sharp coldness through the open Pores but more frequently by Drink too cold taken in abundance soon hasting to the Guts and not only powerfully cooling both the Guts themselves with all parts near them and so the Lacteal Veins but thickning and coagulating what is Contain'd in them 8. The over-Viscous Chyle or Phlegm of the Guts being thus Coagulated in the Lacteal Veins and an Obstruction made in more or fewer of their Branches is stopt and settles presently in the same whatsoever is driven into them out of the Guts either of Liquor rising from the continual conflux of Choler the Juice of the Panereas and the Phlegm of Spittle or of Chyle or Drink only drunk plentifully and it does by degrees more and more distend the same so far that at length they burst and consequently either first this manifâ—ld Mâ—isture receiv'd into them and intercepted in its Motion is pour'd out between the Membranes of the Mensenterie or presently after into the Cavity of the Belly 9. I take this often to be the Breeding of the Dropsie Ascites and chiefly when it is produc'd suddenly by much Drink as in a Burning Feaver with an urgent and permanent Thirst join'd I remember has been done within three days time 10. This Obstruction may be Prevented 1. By taking heed of using over Viscous Food and especially from Ravening any 11. 2. By Vsing Medicins that Correct and Educe Phlegmatic and Viscous Humors often mention'd 12. An Obstruction made or prudently conjuctur'd to be in the Lacteal Veins by the aforesaid Contrary Causes mutually may be Cur'd by Medicins that do powerfully Cut especially Sudorific Aromatics rather taken often than together and at once only For so I have observ'd that Obstructions are more happily easily quickly and safely Open'd 13. To this end therefore the following Mixture taken at short spaces by Spoonfuls to break forth the Sweat may be us'd and afterward to be given when it comes forth though not so often then â„ž Parsley-Water â„¥ ii Fenel simple Treacle-Water of each â„¥ i. Sp. of Salt Armoniac 20 drops Syr. of Carduus Benedictus â„¥ i. M. Or â„ž Fematory-Water â„¥ iii. Scurvy-grass Water Aqua Vitae of Matthiolus of each â„¥ i. distill'd Vinegar â„¥ ss Crabs-Eyes pouder'd Ê’ ss Salt of Wormwood Diaphoretic Antimonie of each â„¥ i. Syr. of the five Roots â„¥ i. M. 14. The Lacteal Veins will of their own accord Close again after their Obstruction is taken away as happens to a Vein open'd 15. The Waters Collected in the Cavity of the Bâ—lly by various Humors flowing out through the Vessels Burst and producing the Dropsie Ascites being peccant in Place will be remov'd out of that place both by strong Hydragogues and also Sudorifics and a Paracenthesis or boring the Belly 16. The Hydragogues are often propos'd in this Work among which the best are prepar'd of Elder or Dwarf-Elder Jalap-Root Elaterium and Gum-Gotte not neglecting Crystals of Silver 17. Sweats to this end may be given usefully both by what is taken in often and newly mention'd and especially by a moist or dry Bath join'd together 18. And if these profit not in a short time you must hasten to a Paracenthesis not that common one so very dangerous but a new one that is so very safe by a Silver hollow Needle gently thrust into the Belly about four fingers breadth below the Navel and so many at its Sides and drawn out again after a sufficient effusion of Water and again at another time or day thrust into the same Hole except it be judg'd fit to make a new Hole elsewhere 19. This Chirurgical Operation is void of danger because the Needle being drawn out there will no more Liquor run but apply the Plaister Diapalma or the White one boil'd or any like it whereby the bored Place is not only fenc'd against all the injuries of External Air but its Consolidation promoted 20. But this Paracenthesis must not be delay'd lest whilst it is too long delay'd the Humor collected in the Belly get an hurtful Acrimonie and by degrees corrode and corrupt the Membranes and hence the Substance of all the parts contain'd and so make the Disease incurable CHAP. XVIII Of the Sanguification of Chyle in the Right Ventricle of the Heart deprav'd 1. CHyle carri'd continually to the Passage of the Thorax out of the Lacteal Veins and there confus'd with the Lympha whencesoever flowing goes forward with it into the Jugular or Left Axillar and hence the Cava or hollow Vein where it is mix'd with the Blood with which it is driven forward into the Right Auricle and then Right Ventricle of the Heart to be chang'd into Blood 2. We think that this Change of Chyle into Blood begins in the Jugular or Left Axillar Vein but chiefly in the Trunk of the Hollow Vein connex'd to them and absolv'd in the Right Ventricle of the Heart and perfected partly in the Lungs partly in the Left Ventricle of the Heart and Great Arterie 3. The Chyle has its Rudiment of Blood if I may be Judg from the Blood Descending to the Heart with which it is confus'd in the aforesaid Vessels 4. The Chyle also receives its Form of Blood from the Choleric Blood Ascending to the Heart and as well flowing together in the Right Ear of the Heart as especially in its Right Ventricle with the Lymphatic Blood with which we said Chyle was mixt and raising an Effervescency of great Moment
〈◊〉 〈…〉 We have often prescrib'd in this Treatisâ—â— and â—â—pecially in Chap. 9. Sect. 23 c. those thing◠〈◊〉 Amend and Discuss Vapors and Wind. 〈…〉 Solid Reasons compose the Mind troubled 〈…〉 and diâ—arbing all the Humors in the Body 〈◊〉 â—o the Sick Minâ—â— by Manly reasoning and by potently compelling its Assent both to former serenity and also leading and confirming it patiently and stoutly to bear the most troublesom things when they cannot be alterd 128. 5. By what means both hurtful Food and vitions Air ought to be shund or corrected is often told before 129. Seeing that the Vnequal Afflux to the Heart one while of Choler anon of Lympha or of any other hurtful Humor which stirs up an Inordinate Effervescency of Blood in the Heart arises as well from divers Passions of Mind as the other Non-natural Things diversly but suddenly and reciprocally invading the Sick it may be Cur'd also by divers helps as well Spiritual consisting in a consequent reasoning as Corporal known by the name of Medicins often to be chang'd or ingeniously to be mixt according to the diversity of accompanying Symptoms 130. Seeing all these things may without difficulty be had out of what is aforesaid lest we should cause loathing by continually repeting them to the Reader we will rather hasten to what follows studying brevity CHAP. XX. Of the Motion of Blood through the Lungs affected 1. THe Blood raising an Effervescency waxing Hot and Rarefying in the Right Ventricle of the Heart opens its Passage by degrees more and more till by that displaying the provoked Heart contracts its musculous substance by the help of the Animal Spirits and also presses out the Blood containd into the Artery of the Lungs out of which being pourd through the substance of the Lungs which seems most probable to me into the Vein of the Lungs goes on unto the left Ear of the Heart and its left Ventricle 2. And whilst the Blood goes through the Lungs it is mildly temperd in its Heat and warmness and more or less condensd by the Air suck'd in lest the newly kindled Vital Fire in the Heart and Blood should be Suffocated by over-plenteous Vapors raisd up by too much heat 3. This Motion of Blood through the Lungs is Affected 1. When there is None 2. When it is too Slow 3. When it procedes too Swiftly 4. When the Blood is driven forward another way than it ought 4. I. There is No Motion of Blood through the Lungs 1. Because of its Defect in the Right Ventricle of the Heart the Hollow Vein being greatly wounded and almost all the Blood that should otherwise flowd to the Heart effusd within or without the Body 5. 2. Because of its Coagulation and Concretion although I can scarce imagine a sudden exceeding great one unless perhaps in the most grievous Syncope by a Sowr sharp Humor carri'd abundantly to the Heart as we observ'd has often been done by sowr Spirits infus'd by a Syringe into some notable Vein of a Dog 6. 3. Because of the Contraction of the Heart ceasing in a most vehement Apoplexie by reason of the Motion of the Animal Spirits through the Nerves to every part hinderd 7. 4. Because of too much Filling again of the Vessels of the Lungs both often in an extreme Plethora and seldom in any Obstruction of most of the Vessels of the Lungs 8. When this Vniversal Motion of Blood through all the Vessels of the Lungs is very much hindred and ceases or is Extinguisht by the defect of Blood or Suffocated by its plenty or standing still they soon die unless suddenly the Blood abounding be diminisht by breathing a Vein or flowing more plenteously be turnd another way as the Matter requires 9. When the Blood ceasing to move only in some Vessels of the Lungs by reason of an Obstruction stands still there for some time it breeds a Peripneumonia that is an Inflammation of the Lungs 10. II. Blood is mov'd more slowly through the Lungs either 1. because of its Viscousness produc'd by Phlegm alike Viscous whencesoever arising 11. Or 2. because of the Narrowness of their Vessels though not extreme 12. Or 3. because of the Scarcity of the Animal Spirits moving the Heart more weakly whether they have been consum'd too much by Grief Watchings solicitous Meditations Cares Wearyings of the Body c. Or if they have not been repais'd by protracted Hunger at least the defect or neglect of Spiritous Food 13. III. Blood is mov'd more speedily through the Lungs Either 1. because of its encreast Fluidity by any serous Humor abounding in it 14. Or 2. because of over-great Heat in the Heart stirâ—d up any way together with a more potent and therefore swifter Rarefaction of Blood 15. Or 3. because of a Sharp Humor or Vapor carri'd together with the Blood to the Heart and provoking it to a more frequent contraction of it self and expulsion of the Blood contain'd 16. IV. The Blood driven forward through the Lungs is mov'd another way than should be 1. When it breaks forth into the Sharp Arterie out of its Vessels corroded or burst and is anon cast out by the Mouth in the Haemoptoc that is Spitting of Blood 17. 2. When it is essus'd into the Substance of the Lungs out of its Vessels any way opend and produces a Peripneumonie 18. 3. When it falls out of its Vessels Wounded into the Cavity of the Brest where being gatherd and chang'd into Matter constitutes an Empyema or Spitting of Matter 19. The Vessels of the Lungs are often Corroded by sharp and salt or sowr Humors falling down out of the Head to the Lungs seldom if ever by such-like carri'd together with Blood to the Lungs 20. The same Vessels are Burst 1. By a Cough Crying aloud Leaping or any other over-vehement Mâ—tiâ—n of Body 21. 2. By Blood waxing too potently warm in the Heart and withal too much Distending the Vessels of the Lungs by waxing too thin 22. The same Vessels are Wounded by any sharp Instrument a Knife Sword or any other like it struck into the Lungs through the Brest or Midrif piercing and cutting their Vessels 23. I. The Motion of Blood in and through the Lungs Deficient because of its defect in the Right Ventricle of the Heart cannot be Cur'd 24. A strong and sudden Coagulation and Concretion of Blood is to be esteemd Incurable but that which comes by degrees and is gradually encreasd may be Cur'd by Medicins that break and temper the over-sharp Acidity and so such as are both Spiritous and Oily and especially have a Lixiviat Salt although volatil oily Salts do chiefly conduce to Man as consisting of all and every thing that is aforesaid and are not only transfus'd most speedily every way in the Body but do potently enough though mildly effect and perfect the desired amendment of the over-sharp Sowr Humor if diluted and often us'd in a convenient Liquor 25. Among the Medicins commonly known Crabs-Eyes are
1. THe most do judg that Respiration was ordaind to temper the heat of Blood over-heated by the Effervescency newly describ'd in the Right Ventricle of the Heart because a more evident Heat is observd in the Universal Body and especially in the Heart of those living Creatures that have Lungs and therefore a double Ventricle in the Heart which that it is allayd and temperd by the Air Inspired is evident by inconveniences following the Air that is less fit to moderate it 2. As I do not deny that this is so I judg the Air inspired does chiefly conduce again to condense the Blood much rarefi d in the Right Ventricle of the Heart 3. But how or after what manner and way the Inspired Air alters the Blood to both these ends is not so manifest I think it is in as much as the Nitrous and somwhat Acid parts are disperst in the Air that are able to condense the hot and rarefi'd Blood and mildly lay its heat 4. I distinguish between the Somwhat-acid and Nitrous parts of the Air seeing that the more or less Acid is more simple and the Nitrous more compounded to wit of Acids but not any but such as are also Oily joind with a lixiviat Salt which the artificial that is Chymical Solution and Composition of Nitre makes manifest 5. That manifold parts flie in the Air not only Watry Fiery and Earthy but also Oily Spiritous Lixiviat and Acid Salts divers ways more or less mixt with all of these the many Experiments not unknown to sedulous Searchers of Chymical Changes do evince although most abstruse to Lazy Counterfeit Philosophers every-where and pratling Cavillers which somtimes if the Matter require we intend to publish for their sakes who are good and addicted to one Truth with many others out of our own Observations as yet unpublished by the blessing of God plenteous enough though our Adversaries snarle at it 6. This Tempering to be made in the Lungs no less useful than necessary by Air Inspired is Deprav'd either when there is None or too Little or somtimes too Much. 7. There is no Tempering of the Blood when very hot and quiet Air is the cause whence a Man often fals into a grievous Swouning or Death it self The Blood being highly rarefi'd and fluid and therefore overwhelming and suffocating its internal Fire for want of the newly mentiond Nitrous or Acid parts 8. The Blood is more sparingly temperd by the Air Inspired with the same Cause but lighter when the Sowr and Nitrous Parts are fewer or more sluggish at least fewer are suckt in by Inspiration than were desired to temper equally the present and urging heat and rarefaction of Blood 9. Fewer Parts of Acid or Nitrous Air are drawn in because of Inspiration it self hindred which is to be explaind in the next following Chapter 10. The Nitrous or Acid parts are too Few or Sluggish in the Air by very great Heat or Moisture in it a Sign whereof moreover if not also a Cause is usually a great Calm of Air. 11. The Oily parts of the Air rarefie potently but the Salt and Sowr are allayd and become too sluggish by the Beams of the Sun both Fiery and Spiritous the most frequent cause of the hot Air as being dissolvd by watry or rainy Moisture they are weakned whence no wonder if such being suckd in are less fit to temper the heat of the Blood 12. The use of Bellows so very useful in moderating the heat of the Air by a mild agitation evinceth the quiet Air to be less fit to temper the Blood than when it is but a little mov'd 13. As it is evident that Cold is produc'd by any Wind or by the motion of the Bellows from the Sense of Cold in the external parts receiving the Air so mov'd which I judg is partly by the discussion of the Fiery Parts collected about us the heat of the Air urging and therefore producing a greater heat in us partly by the bringing together and gathering of the Nitrous and Acid Parts first either broken or driven away every whither and remov'd from each other by the fiery Parts at least by more plenty and efficacy of those fiery less perceived by Sense 14. The Blood carrid through the Lungs is too much Temperd that is Condensd and Coold by the Air Inspir'd when the Nitrous or Acid parts abound in the Air by which often especially in the Winter-Season the North Wind blowing and in the Regions near the cold Zone and chiefly when the Universal Body was first too hot then Blood is so coagulated in the Lungs that it begets an Obstruction in its Vessels or middle windings of the Lungs whence follows always a Stoppage of Blood it self and somtimes a Bursting of the Vessels by their Distension and an Effusion of Blood together with a Peripneumonie encreasd by the Blood continually flowing to it and after the Aposteme is opend a Consumption of the Lungs call'd Phthisis and afterward for the most part Death 15. The Tempering of Blood in the Lungs Abolisht and Diminisht may be Cur'd by changing the very Hot Air with Cold whether Natural or Artificial For such Air Caves and Cellars under ground not seldom Nitrous are wont to contain Such do we make by Art by diluting Nitre or Salt Armoniac in Water and presently pouring it out on the Chamber-floor or by sprinkling sharp Vinegar alone or mixt in like manner with Water or in like manner casting sowrish Plants or their Leaves and Flowers in the Chambers by the help of all which we encrease Sowr and Nitrous Parts in the Air. 16. The great Calm of Air by the Winds quite laid is artificially to be stird by Bellows or any other way stirring up the Wind. 17. The moisture of Cloudy Air is corrected by making a clear fire with Wood. 18. The following Chapter will teach how Respiration hindred may be Cur'd 19. The too great Condensation and Cooling of Blood carri'd through the Lungs may be Cur'd by changing the over-sharp and cold Air for hotter and more calm and by kindling in a fit Chamber Fires great enough and by using Medicins that allay the Nitrous and Acid parts of Air admitted 20. How to Cure the other harms following this chill Air Inspir'd and before mention'd shall be shown beneath in Chap. 40. where expresly shall be handled of an Inflammation CHAP. XXII Of the Inspiration of Air Deprav'd 1. WE said in the former Chapter that the Air was both Inspir'd and also Expir'd mildly to condense and cool the Blood waxing hot out of the Right Ventricle of the Heart and driven forward through the Lungs to the Left Ventricle 2. This Inspiration of Air happens as often as at the expanding of the Midrif downward and elevating the Thorax upward the Lungs adjoind to both are together dilated as we judg we have proved it abundantly in many things in Our Eighth Physical Disputation 3. The same Inspiration of Air is Deprav'd 1. When
most happily in a few weeks and hitherto hath livd sound Let none rashly carp or laugh at that which is commonly done by many conceited the reason whereof they know not 25. The Ill Nourishment of the Lungs may be Cur'd divers ways according to the diversity of the Humors then together peccant and producing that Depravation always adding those call'd Pectorals and friendly to the Lungs We have often before handled every Depravation of the Humors 26. I doubt how little Knobs arising in the Lungs and not easily known unless by conjecture very uncertain ought or may be Cur'd unless perhaps the more fixt Antimonial Medicins can do it being indued with an universal force of purifying Mans Body from all Harm and Impurity 27. If any would diminish the Encreasd Nourishment of the Lungs he ought to use Food somwh thicker and less spongy at least Sauces or Medicins that hinder stop or repress if it be lawful to say so the too great rarefying of food such as I think Pearl Coral Lacca Chalk c. are if they be seldom taken in a small quantity CHAP. XXV Of the Perfection of Blood in the Left Ventricle of the Heart Deprav'd 1. IT is known by the Circular Motion of Blood that Blood is driven forward to the parts of the Universal Body and so to the Lungs of which we have spoken in the preceding Chapter out of the Left Ventricle of the Heart Whence it is not undeservedly askt Wherein differs each Blood effus'd out of each Ventricle of the Heart To which I Answer It differs in this That 1. the Blood of the Left Ventricle gets a new Alteration in the Lungs by the Air Inspir'd And perhaps 2. somthing may come to the same Blood either from Spittle or from another Glandulous Liquor moistning the sharp Artery and mixing it self with the Blood together with the Air and so far also after a certain manner Altering and Tempering it 2. And I plainly doubt whether moreover any thing else happen to the Blood in the Left Ventricle of the Heart nor hitherto do's any notable Sign of it come into my Mind whence I may conclude it 3. Wherefore I can at present only assert this That the Blood going through the Artery and Vein of the Lungs and perhaps the middle substance of the Lungs comes out of the Left Ventricle of the Heart temperd less hot and rarefi'd and so more mild than out of the Right both by the Inspired Air or Spittle or any other Glandulous Liquor and that its Perfection seems to me to consist in this That its manifold Particles first potently Effervescing or Rarefi'd and much sundred from each other now being mildly Temperd and Condensd do again close more or less slackly and so they become more apt as well to Nourish the Containing Body as to produce several Humors in the Body and so to preserve Life 4. Therefore this Perfection of Blood is Deprav'd chiefly when the same Blood is too little or too much Temperd or also is too much Kindled and Rarefi'd or otherwise Corrupted by the Air Inspir'd or the Humors of the Body communicated to it with the same Of which see what is said in Chap. 21. 5. The Blood may be corrupted by the Inspir'd Air when it is much defil'd by any Wind or Exhalations whencesoever proceding and mixt with it and communicates its harm to the Blood carri'd through the Lungs whence the same harm divers ways infecting the whole Mass or its greater or less part by degrees is somtimes disperst every way other-times adheres to one part chiefly and manifests the force of its malignity in it as we have known it in the Pest and other Epidemic Diseases for the most part depending on the Air ill-affected 6. This Perfection of Blood is also deprav'd by the Humors mixt with it Ascending or Descending either Choler or Lympha or the Liquor arising from that Three-fold Sway in the Guts or also Chyle so far exceeding in an ill quality that it cannot again be Temperd Conveniently or Sufficiently by the Inspird Air. 7. We related in Chap. 21. how the most Depravations of Air Inspir'd are to be amended 8. We intend to tell you how the same Air defil'd and corrupted with a malign Quality ought to be corrected where we intend to treat of the Pest and Malign Fevers 9. Lastly By what way and means the Humors carri'd with the Blood to the Right Ventricle of the Heart and so far corrupting it that it cannot be enough temperd by the Inspired Air or other Humors mixt with it in the Lungs ought to be restor'd to former integrity is to be sought out of the Cure propos'd before of every kind of the nam'd Humors ill affected and still to be propos'd all over CHAP. XXVI Of the Motion of the Heart and Arteries or the Pulse Deprav'd 1. THe sides of the Ventricles of the Heart are by little and little Distended and Vnfolded by the Blood driven forward into them out of the Veins and its Earlets and that partly in Plenty partly and chiefly by the Rarefaction filling them again because of the Effervescency of it till the same Blood be pour'd out by their following Straitness into the Arteries annext to them which therefore are Laid open as a little after bound together and that by a Motion somtimes manifest to Feeling and Sight which is known among Physicians by the name of the Pulse 2. For by the Pulse the Physicians understand the two-fold opposite and contrary yea reciprocal Motions of Expansion and Contraction in the twofold parts mentiond according to its Sides or Tunicles And the Motion of Dilatation and Straitning according to the Cavity of the Ventricles of the Heart and Arteries 3. We think the Right Ventricle of the Heart is Displaid both by the Plenty of the Blood driven in and by the Largeness of it soon Rarefying by the Effervescency and the Left Ventricle by the Plenty of the over-hot and as yet boiling Blood howsoever more or less temperd in the Lungs by the Air Inspir'd and Both Ventricles are Straitned by the musculous Substance of the Heart contorted wonderfully like a writhd Shell contracted by the Animal Spirits filling its Fibres after the manner of the other Muscles 4. We also judge the Arteries are Displaid by the Blood Expelld by the Contraction of the Heart into Them and the same are again Straitned by the Animal Spirits filling their annular Fibres and Narrowing their Cavity 5. The Pulse is felt by Physicians not so much in the Heart it self as in the Arteries and especially in both Wrists where they are more manifest to the Sense of Touching Although the Pulse of the Arteries may be observd also about the Temples and moreover at the Neck as the Motion of the Heart by laying the hand on its Region chiefly when its Palpitation urges that cannot be enough distinctly known by the Pulsation of the Arteries or when a little or no Pulse is felt in the Wrist
of the Pancreas may be suppli'd in perpetuating an Effervescency with Choler 10. I can easily admit that an Obstruction plac'd about the Orifice of the Passage of the Pancreas opening into the small Gut may be immediatly remov'd by reason of the commerce of an Acid Spirit with Phlegm by the mentiond Medicin taken in at the Mouth and carri'd to the small Gut without farther transmitting it through the Lacteal Veins the Passage of the Thorax the upper Hollow Vein the Right Ventricle of the Heart the Artery and Vein of the Lungs hence through the Left Ventricle of the Heart the Great Artery to the Pancreas whil'st this Phlegm is loosend and dissolvd by it piercing thither 11. The more sparing Motion of the Melancholic Juice risen from an Obstruction of the lesser Passages of the Pancreas may be restor'd by Remedies propos'd in the fore-cited 30th Chap. Sect. 132 c. as also in Chap. 50. Sect. 13 c. 12. A more speedy Motion of the Juice of the Pancreas made by reason of its Watriness and Volatility perhaps proceding either from Mineral Waters or Volatil Salts more abundantly taken may be allaid by abstaining from farther use of them and mean while using those things that may give it a greater consistency such as are sharp and tart things oft taken in a small quantity 13. To the Motion of the Juice of the Pancreas vitiated follows also the vitious Effervescency with Choler in the small Gut of which because we have on purpose treated in Chap. 11. of this Book what is spoken there may be transferd hither in part and so be red there CHAP. LV. Of the Separation of Urin in the Kindeys Deprav'd 1. AS the best part of Food and that which is useful to the Body is separated from the Food taken in and fermented in the Ventricle being fluid and of a milky colour and carri'd under the name of Chyle through the Lacteal Veins toward the Heart whil'st the unuseful and excrementitious parts go away by Stool keeping a thicker consistency so again the serous superfluous part is separated in the Kidneys out of the Chyle chang'd into Blood which whilst the principal part of Blood flows back to the rest of its Mass it distills through their capillar fleshy parts into its Funnel and is sent hence through the Ureters to the Urinar Bladder so nam'd from the mentiond Serous part then constituting Urin in which it is gatherd by little and little till it be afterward voided again 2. The Glandulous fleshy parts are observd to be shut up in the substance of the Kidneys and stretchd forward into membranous Pipes joind to its Funnel and having peculiar Passages appropriated to the dropping of Urin. 3. This Vrin because it is observd Salt even in those in whom the Serous Part of their Blood is found insipid any may suspect and not without cause that the Matter of Vrin undergoes some singular Change in the Kidneys while it is streind through the mentiond fleshy Parts although it seem to me at least very probable that the Blood as well as Chyle is prepar'd in the Heart in its Vital Effervescency for the Separation of the Urinar Serous Part and that the same is absolvd in the Kidneys although I have not hitherto attaind the reason of it however I think it happens after the manner of Precipitation 4. This Separation of Vrin is deprav'd 1. When there is None 2. When it is more Sparing 3. When more Plenteous 4. When by reason of both the Liquor and what is Containd in it it haps several ways vitious in Colour Odour Savour Thickness c. 5. There happens No Separation of Vrin in the Kidneys oft by the fault of the fleshy parts Obstructed or otherwise ill-affected seldom perhaps by fault of the Blood or its serous part to wit unfit for its Separation and that because of a more intire mixing of the Heterogeneal Parts 6. Those fleshy parts may be Obstructed by much and glutinous Phlegm any ways loosend in the small Gut and confusd with the Blood being afterward again coagulated in the Kidneys together vitiating their fleshy parts by an External Cold imprudently receivd and there severing from the Blood in part at least with the Urinar Serous Part and sticking in the fleshy parts and by degrees filling and obstructing their Passages 7. The Harm com'd to the fleshy parts by external Cold may perhaps be a straitning and binding of their spongie parts by reason of which the Phlegm dissolvd by the Serous Liquor flowing through may the easier stick and be stopt in them till at length filling their Passages it may hinder farther passage of Urin through them 8. The Heterogeneal parts of Blood are more intirely mixt and so the same becoms unfit for a Separation of its Serous part as oft as the Acidity of Lympha is more sharp so that the Vniversal Blood grows too much together its alone fluidness remaining 9. This Acidity of Lympha may become sharper both in the Conglobated Glandul's and in the Conglomerated Glandul's of the Pancreas by an external very sharp Cold or a great and unexpected Sorrow or Terror of Mind the notable abuse of Acid things and thus far very sharp first concurring and preceding 10. The Separation of Vrin becoms more Sparing by reason of the same but lighter Causes as a Loosness and chiefly Sweat plenteous 11. The Separation of Vrin becoms more plenteous by reason of Drink taken in and so accustomd which is always to be observd or by reason of the fleshy parts of the Kidneys if not too open according to its Chanels so at least constituted that they may separate more of a Serous Liquor from the Blood then ought as happens in a Diabetes or by reason of the Blood ill-affected for a Separation and sending away of the Serous part more abundant then is wont or because of wonted Sweats or a Serous Loosness suppresd 12. The Blood is ill-affected to a more plenteous dismissing of it self by the vital Effervescency after a certain manner vitiated by Volatil Salts and other Diuretics plenteously taken at any time whence the Blood is made not only more fluid but besides less thickned and less united according to its serous parts with the rest wherfore Urin departs both more easily and abundantly from it in the Kidneys 13. Vpon the account of the Liquor of Vrin it is observd vitiated 1. In its Colour when the same becoms Watry that is endued with a consistencie and watry colour which coms to pass by defect of its Salt and Choleric part making it more or less of a colour somwhat Yellow For that is to be noted that Urin consists of two parts both Watry and Salt which being joind together make the Liquor of Urin to have an Orange Colour and mean Consistency Whence after that much and especially piercing and therfore Diuretical Drink such as is Water but chiefly Mineral Waters thin and Diuretical Wine such-like Beer c. is
Body 4. By prolong'd Wakings 5. By grievous and persevering Cares and Solicitudes of Mind 6. By a Phlegmatic Diarrhaea or any other preternatural Defluxion or Flux of a Phlegmatic Humor in a Distillation of Rheum Cough Dropsie c. 47. V. On the contrary the same Effervescency proceeds over-slowly by reason of the abundance of Viscous Phlegm especially in the Blood and some kind of sluggishness of Choler and Lympha following it 48. We related the Causes of over-Viscous Phlegm in Chap. 2. Sect. 7 and 9. 49. VI. The self-same Effervescency is Deprav'd and becoms Vitious several ways when it is observ'd either Vnequal somtimes Greater again presently Lesser one while too Quick presently over-slow or is Inordinate and again ceases a little or is interrupted again presently repetes and becoms more Potent no order being observ'd as it happens somtimes in several kinds of Hypochondriac Suffocation in which the Pulse is felt somtimes weak rare little comprest yea somtimes none at all again it is perceiv'd strong frequent great or wonderfully troubled with a notable Palpitation of the Heart 50. The Cause of this Unequal Effervescency is the Unequal Quantity of Choler or Lympha or the Liquor arising from the foremention'd three-fold prevailence in the Guts or of other Humors that as yet perhaps are wont to be mixt with the Blood and not as yet enough perceiv'd by any join'd to either Blood 51. For where More of Choler enters into the Heart with the Ascending Blood the Effervescency will be Greater and Quicker whence also a Greater and more Frequent Pulse where on the contrary Less of it comes there will be a Lesser and also Slower Effervescency rais'd and also the Pulse Lesser and more Rare 52. But where more of Lympha shall come with the Descending Blood to the Heart there will procede a Less and Slower Effervescency together with a Less and more Rare Pulse contrarily where Less of it shall flow out there will be a Greater and Quicker Effervescency produc'd and a Greater and more Frequent Pulse 53. When the Nature and Strength of the Liquor rising out of the Three-fold Humors that Flow together to the Small Gut shall be more clearly discern'd by us we can more solidly and certainly determine of the Harms that follow their vitious Constitution Which also is to be understood of other Humors if as we suspect there may yet be more which are mixt either immediately or mediatly with the Blood flowing back to the Heart 54. We therefore note this here that so we may stir up others to search the Truth with us that as yet lies hid to Physicians in many things intending to rejoice and congratulate as we have done to others already their greater felicity perhaps in searching out the same thing before us and always to return due thanks to God the Giver of all Good for the benefit bestowed on Man-kind by any not intending to envy any ones pains diligence invention and other things thereto appertaining or to blame with Reproaches after the manner of certain sluggish lazy Men and ill-employing their leisure 55. We judg the Cause of the Inordinate Effervescency of Blood to be the Vnequal Flowing to the Heart not only either of Choler or Lympha c. only or together but of both or of more Whence there is a greater Confusion and Disturbance in it one while with a notable Palpitation of the Heart presently with its Motion and Pulse taken away to Sense in the Hypochondriac Suffocation so often observable 56. Although the Palpitation of the Heart and grievous Swouning arises somtimes from Humors carri'd with the Blood to the Heart producing a vitious Effervescency yet we think that it is oftner produc'd by Sharp Vapors elevated from the Small Gut because of a vitious Effervescency there also rais'd and then carri'd to the upper Orifice of the Ventricle and Gullet and also to the Heart through the Lacteal Veins and Passage of the Thorax disturbing the Effervescency of the Blood and irritating the Heart 57. I. Seeing the Effervescency of Blood wholly Abolisht is Incurable diligent heed must be taken that it as often as may should be Shund and Prevented in time which will be 1. where the Defect of Choler is to be feard by the Disease Cholera after the hurtful Effervescency of Choler then raging and it s too great Effusion into the Guts is ally'd of which see Chap. 15. Sect. 26 29 and 34. by Repairing and Renewing Choler by the use of any Sharp and Oily Aromatics as the Distill'd Oils of the Leaves and Flowers of Rosmary Majoran c. of the Seeds of Anise Fenel Carua c. of the Rinds of Citron Oranges c. of Cinamon Nutmegs Mace Cloves c. 58. These Aromatic Oils if they be united artificially with the Spirit of Wine are call'd by some Balsams or Elixirs of Life whereof one or two drops being given in a convenient Liquor especially Wine do restore the Vital Strength Languishing for the defect of Choler and seem to snatch those out of the Jaws of Death that otherwise were dying do somtimes raise again those that were esteem'd for dead 59. Hither also do appertain all Volatil Salts though they that are Oily are more effectual than the rest and therefore to be preferd 60. The Abolisht Effervescency of Blood may be Prevented 2. Where there is fear thereof both in the Pest and also in Malign Feavers by reason of the High Volatility and Acrimony of Choler then peccant by Fixing and Coagulating and Tempering it by very Tart Acids Verjuice crude Alum Acacia or in place thereof the thickned Juice of Hypocistis or Wild Plums c. Among Chymical things the Spirit of Nitre Salt Vitriol Sulphur Alum and such-like are deservedly approv'd and commended especially often distill'd and made more mild with the rectifi'd Spirit of Wine 61. By all these Choler will not only be corrected but the diminisht consistency of the Blood will be restor'd and the sluggishness of the Lympha also amended and so the Vital Effervescency of Blood for diverse Causes almost Abolisht will be preserv'd and restor'd 62. The same Abolishment of Blood vitally Effervescent in the Right Ventricle of the Heart where by reason of too much Acidity of Lympha there is fear lest the Vital Fire be opprest and suffocated together with Choler at least the Blood too much coagulated by it cannot conveniently be rarefi'd may 3. be prevented by Correcting and Breaking the faulty Acidity of Lympha by the foremention'd Oily Volatil Salts and Aromatic Oils as well pure as farther elaborated into the foremention'd Balsams of Life Which seeing they hitherto conduce may deservedly be us'd almost in all danger of Life that happens without great heat manifest both to the External Senses and lying hid in Malign Fevers and especially burning and vexing the Midrif 63. Not only the excedeing Acidity of Lympha may be diminish'd by the same Oily Volatil Salts but Choler also prest and almost
ungrateful or like smell of any thing to raise an Effervescency and produce Vapors as well glutinous as sharp to be transmitted to the Heart 9. Hence it is that in the most kinds of Hypochondriac Symptoms the Palpitation of the Heart is so frequent and familiar 10. Hence it is that so often about the beginnings of Intermitting Fevers while Cold still urges or remits as also in their Vigour when the Heat is exceding the Palpitation of the Heart is perceivd troublesom 11. Beside the noted Humors and Wind somtimes there are observd Fleshy Tumors or Bone like or Gristle-like Excrescencies in the substance of the Heart to which a Palpitation being joind till Death was not undeservedly ascrib'd 12. Worms found in the Pericardium by pricking the Heart or a Sharp Humour by biting may be the Cause of an unwonted Palpitation as also a Wound given to the Heart 13. The Causes noted in the two latter Paragraphs as they are difficult to be known if not impossible so neither can they be cur'd 14. The most frequent kind of Palpitation of the Heart mentiond in the former place when the Fit molests may be Cur'd if it rise from Wind by Medicius that both Cut and Discuss and especially Temper an Acid Acrimony often propos'd before For Example ℞ Parsley Fenel-Water of each ℥ i. ss Matthiolus his Aqua Vitae ℥ i. distild Oil of Mace 4 drops Sp. of Salt Armoniac 20 drops Laudanum 3 Grains Syr. of Mint ℥ i. M. Let the Sick take one Spoonful of this Mixture every quarter of an hour till he get some ease 15. If the Palpitation of the Heart be thought to be produc'd from a Viscous and Sharp Humor the same Altering Medicins that Cut and Temper Acrimony are to be us'd yea somtimes if the Fit persevere long which is usual use those that empty out the Humor 16. To Cut and Temper the nam'd Humor the Mixture newly prescrib'd or one like it may conduce And to Educe it I prefer before all others Pills to be made of Gums seeing They loosen the Glutinous Humors and dispose them to be easier carri'd out For Example ℞ Gum-Galbanum dissolvd in Vinegar of Squils and again thicknedʒ ss Vitriol of Mars calcin'd white ℈ i. the Troches Alhandalʒ ss Diagridium 15 Grains Oil of Carua's 6 drops M. make them into xxv Pills to be guilded Take five or seven in the Morning the Stomach being empty drinking upon it half an hour after Broth or Beer boild with a little Bread and aromatiz'd with Mace 17. They who abhor Pills may use a Decoction prepar'd of such as Cut Aromatics and Purgers for which end we commend the following very bitter and efficacious ℞ The Root of Smallage ℥ i. of Angelicaʒ i. Shavings of Lignum Sanctum ℥ iii. Berries of Laurelʒ ii Pulp of Colocynthisʒ i. Seeds of Carua ℈ ii Orange-peelʒ ii Boil them according to Art in pure Water in ℥ xxx of what is straind dissolv the solutiv Syr. of Roses with Senna ℥ iii. Sp. of Wine rectifi'd ℥ ii M. Let the Sick take ℥ iii iv or v. If the Sick purge little or nothing by so much he may drink as much or more as the Physician thinks fit either in the same day or the next and so diminish and educe the hurtful Humor by easie purging 18. Out of the Fit such-like may and ought to be us'd both Alterers and Emptiers and that daily For the nam'd Humors cannot be weakned unless in length and continuance of time which are also to be educ'd by Intervals being more stubboru and past amending where it is safer to empty them at times and by degrees then to cast the Sick into more grievous Diseases by trying the same together and at once CHAP. XXXVI Of the Flowing of Blood out of the Left Ventricle of the Heart through the Great Artery to all the Parts of the Body deprav'd 1. THe Blood being perfected in both Ventricles of the Heart and the Lungs between is carri'd at last through the infinite Branches of the Aorta or Great Artery to all Parts of the Body wherby They may be Nourisht and out of it Liquors farther Vseful or Unuseful for their dispensing in Mans Body are separated in several places and again sent back to the Mass of Blood or are excluded straight out of the Body 2. This Flowing of Blood through the Arteries is deprav'd somtimes either Vniversally or in some Parts and that 1. when it flows too slowly or not at all or 2. is mov'd too quickly or too potently or 3. so flows into the Substance or Cavities of the Parts that it sticks there or flows out of the Body 3. The Blood flows Vniversally too slowly or also is quite stopt and stands still in its Motion 1. in the Plethora call'd in the Vessels by defect of a sufficient space to receive the Blood perfected in the Ventricles of the Heart and therfore also more rarefi'd 4. 2. In a Swouning and Syncope as also a Universal Languishing of the Body because the Blood is not fit to rarefie as was largely said and explaind in Chap. 34. 5. The same Blood flows particularly more slowly through the Arteries or is also somtimes stopt and stands still because of any kind of Straitness in the Arteries of some Part and especially a Compression or Obstruction for I can scarce conceive that a Stopping Uniting together or Setling can have place in the Arteries 6. The Arteries may be Comprest by an over-hard Tumor near them by hard binding c. 7. The Arteries may be Obstructed and especially the Capillaries both by Glutinous Phlegm carrid together with the Blood through Them and either of its own accord or by degrees again closes or coagulated by the Cold of the Air piercing thither through the Pores of the Skin then compacted from the Blood It self because of External Gold or a Sowr Humor injoining it self thither 8. The Blood is Vniversally mov'd through the Arteries too swiftly or too potently in all Burning Fevers as well Continual as Intermitting as long as the Pulse remains not only too frequent but together Greater and Stronger for after that the Blood is then so far rarefi'd that it distends the Vessels too much and makes a Plethora at the Vessels the Pulse usually becoms both Less and Weaker till by letting Blood by opening a Vein a greater space is prepar'd to receive the Blood and together the Vital Fire being near Suffocation is as it were recreated and stird up by the same means whence the Pulse also is then again both Greater and Stronger 9. In like manner the Blood mov's Vniversally too Potently and too swiftly in the Palpitation of the Heart because of the Heart as well forc'd as provok'd to an over-frequent contraction of it self 10. The same happens after a notable but not extreme Effusion of Blood and that either of its own accord or artificial or by chance to wit by a Wound receivd casually or by force 11. The Blood mov's
BENE AGERE AC LAETARI FRANCISCUS DE LE BOE SYLVIUS Medicinae Practicae in Academia Lugdunâ—â— Batava Professor R White sculp NEW IDEA OF THE Practice of Physic Written by that Famous FRANCISCUS DE LE BOE SYLVIUS Late Chief Professor of Physic in the University of Leiden THE FIRST BOOK Of the Diseases either constituting producing or following the Natural Functions of Man not in Health Wherein is containd beside a New Method in general a Vindication of the Spleen and Mother from Fits attributed to them As also a new Discovery of Intermitting Fevers the Yellow Jaundice and other Diseases never before discoverd All cleard by Anatomical Experiments and Chymical Demonstrations As also by their Cures Whereto is prefixed a Preface written by Dr. Mar. Nedham Translated faithfully by RICHARD GOWER formerly Student under the Author LONDON Printed for Brabazon Aylmer at the Three Pigeons in Cornhil 1675. To all the Supreme Powers in Christian Europe FRANCISCUS DE LE BOE SYLVIUS Physician wisheth perfect Health of Body and Mind and also faithful and quiet Peace from God the giver of every good Gift THe toilsom labour which I have undertaken to endure for the common Good of all Men in the adorning of Physick Part wherof such as it is being brought forth and publisht as occasion was offerd I thought fit to Dedicate not to one Prince only but to You all as being the High Lords of Earthly things in this part of the Universal Orb wherin I am born and live to whom I doubt not but that Your Own and Your Subjects Prosperity is Your desire and care Beseeching the Good and Great God with my whole Heart to inspire You with an ardent desire and constant will that Physic should be perfected as yet deficient in many things by the pains of excellent Physicians who live under Your Power in many places it being useful and necessary that our Course should be happily finisht upon Earth Hitherto I have endeavoured to do somthing to the measure of my Ability for the good of the Common-Wealth But who can expect so great a Work of one Man and that privat and therfore destitute of infinit necessary Helps to perform so immens and hard a Matter But so much me thinks I have profited in the Art of Physic by a continu'd painful Labour almost forty years that I now dare boldly affirm the Structure of a more perfect Edifice of Physic may be erected the Authority and Munificence of Princes being employ'd with many industrious and judicious Physicians so much the more desirable and to be wisht as by how much Princes no less then Subjects do need its help being afflicted unto Death with so many so grievous and those not as yet enough known Diseases and therfore so often esteemd insuperable Neither doubt I but in a short space a rational and certain way of Physic may be found out by the propos'd Method if not in all yet in the most Diseases For which end I here offer publicly my weak Pains if acceptable to You by Divine Authority set over the Government of others out of sincere love of farther deserving well of the Common-Wealth seeing that it pleas'd the Clemency and Wisdom of God of mere Grace not only to free me beyond my expectation a year agoe from a most grievous Disease and in a manner from the Jaws of Death and to restore not only former strength of Body and Mind to me but farther to illuminat my Mind more and hence so bountifully to consent to my Wishes that entrance hath been made daily to me more easie and farther to the dark and deepest retirements of natural things Now the same God for his unspeakable Mercy and Goodness towards Mankind direct your Thoughts and Counsels to the eternal Glory of his Holy Name as also to Your own and Your Subjects Health both Temporal and Eternal Amen Which is my hearty Prayer Leiden April 14. 1671. To the Reader who is studious of Truth and Public Good Franciscus De Le Boe Sylvius wisheth Health AS often as any Men do endeavour in any kind to afford any thing that conduceth to the benefit of of the Publick they have in all Times been thought worthy of the favour and benevolence of Great Men but when they do indeed promote the Publick Good they deserve moreover to be rewarded in a well-order'd Common-Wealth wherein as Cicero saith Rewards are by the Laws proposed to Vertue and Punishments to Vice Therefore if at any time their excellent Performances are not only envied by Men idle and malicious but perverted by prating Cavillers accused by Parasites that have little else to do and traduced by slanderous Calumniators so often those who are in Government have taken care that they should be neither neglected nor despised That I may apply these things though but in part to my Concerns there are so many ridiculous and unjust censures of my Enemies oftentimes pretended Friends in the United Provinces especially through a false Prejudice or Envy or Hatred of my Words and Writings that I scarce know whence to take a sit beginning for my Preface For I so much esteem my own peace that unless I had already venturd and somthing were already publisht by me which nevertheless several good Men favouring the Common welfare do approve here and elswhere beyond my expectation though my Adversaries chafe at it perhaps I should have prevented by silence the manifold Cavilings and Calumnies of Ill-minded People which have hitherto befallen me and were foreseen by me Wherfore I intend to publish some of mine Endeavours and Labours lest many should think I am brought to a perpetual Silence by the vain Threats and injurious Calumniations of malignant Men because this Book such as it is hath been slowly finisht and now also publisht For after that I being mov'd with love to the Common-Wealth took in hand the Professorship of Physic above thirteen years since which was more then once offerd to me in this Academy although with a great deal of dammage to my private Concerns thought this Business was given me that I should teach mine Auditors not a few things observd by me for many years privatly amongst my Patients and otherwise but even those things which were daily further to be observ'd as also thence solicitously concluded and deduc'd by a continued reasoning and so both profitable and useful to Mankind Wherfore that I might rightly do my Duty I spent Days and Nights both in calling slowly back into my Memory what I had for a long time considerd and had accuratly examin'd and noted and also in conferring the past with following Experiments daily made at my own Cost for common Good as well in drawing thence Conclusions and most solid Determinations to cure the Sick as in informing the studious Youth that came hither in a great number to hear me faithfully about those things which I judg'd were both true and good and also in a right forming of them according to Art for
Gifts are often bestowd on such Great Pratlers and Annual Stipends for their vain and flattery-Talk which the Inventors of good things do for the most part want being more studious in searching out the obscure and hard things themselvs then to propose them with handsome words or in a servile manner to curry savour What I have before said will be more manifest by an Example It is wonderfully now controverted in our Art of Physic about the Manner Motion and Use of Choler in Mans Body Where I freely acknowledg as I have testifi'd often both in public and privat that I cannot fully satisfie my self hitherto in this Matter and indeed partly by the defect of certain Experiments requisite as yet to resolve some Doubts even now urging me partly because of sundry Experiments not having the like success in all nor at all times but as it were somtimes repugnant one to the other Wherfore it were to be wish'd that they who have more leasure then I would take necessary â—â—ans both in finding out and in making accuratly manifold Experiments that so they might take away all Difficulties that may molest any and so presering the true and plain way of preparing it for Motion and Use in Man to their own Honour and the Common-Wealths prosit Whoever will try to effect this shall have my praise but who-ever performs it shall more-ever have me to be his faithful and certain Follower I have endeavourd with a great adventure to set forth a New Idea of Physic by mine own manifold Observations which I have begun to communicate candidly in the simplicity of my Heart first to mine Auditory then to all seeing my study of deserving well of the Common-Wealth has pleasd many Famous and Illustrious Men in our Art And when I observd that for this cause the Malign Cavillers and Reproachers waxed hot and rose up against me I was necessitated to procede cautiously least any thing should fall from 〈◊〉 by imprudence or hasting which ill speaking Mâ—â— might deservedly carp and slander And among other Causes this also hinderd the composing and publishing of this Book by which 〈◊〉 the Public gets more Profit For I atâ—â—â—◠〈…〉 as my Business and continual Distractions permitted me to every thing more diligently and weighed them more accuratly and longer and have confirmd the most things more clearly by manifold Experience which before in part at least were evident to me only by wonted reasoning so that now I appear in public so much the more secure and heedfully with my Meditations and Observations I could indeed have brought out of my Store both more and perhaps more perfect as also greater and more abstruse and therfore better and more profitable things if God had given me desired leasure to do those things which is scarce at any time to be expected of Men. Nor did I judg it equal that I in these Belgian Provinces wisely addicted to frugality should be too much and perpetually negligent of my privat Estate and give for nothing almost all that I have brought forth by incredible Labour least new Curators should be chosen to over-see me against my desire for the Good I have newly done so freely as though I had been a Prodigal and carri'd my Matters ill Mean while I testifie before God the only Searcher of Hearts that I have not Written or Taught any other thing here or elsewhere than what seem'd to me true or most like to Truth and chiefly profitable to the Sick For upon these accounts I have never with-held or shund any yea not the most troublesom Labour I spar'd no Cost often great enough for my Condition The which Charity of mine the most Mercisul God bountifully favouring has more then once graciously requited and without doubt will yet farther recompence in his own time what all sorts of ungrateful Men though from them due have often deni'd or turnd from my Merits God grant that as I have written these Things to serve Young Beginners of the Art of Physic and hence by their help the Sick themselvs all these things may tend to the good of them both Leiden April 14. 1671. To the Gentle Readers and Printers the Admonition of Franciscus de le Boe Sylvius ALthough I do not much esteem my Works yet would I not that they should be publisht any way corrupted by any Body whilst I live and without my privity Wherfore that I may consult with mine own Honour and the Profit of the Common-Wealth I would have all admonisht that I in no wise acknowledg that Edition for mine own which Thomas Matthias Gotzius publisht in the year 1664. under my Name and of the Colledg of Practical Physicians nor that which I hear Frideric Leonardus hath publisht this Year 1671. at Paris under the * Which how deficient it is from Chap. 40. Sect. 47. to the end of the first Book let any that have that Copy câ—mpare this being no further publisht at that time by the Author Title of my Practice Much less that infamous and soul Book which some ill-imploy'd busie-Body wrote and publisht out of his own wicked Store and impure manners a few years since under the Title of The Second Part of Physical Disputations concerning the Circulation of Seed and the Generation of Man imitating my stile whereby he might fasten it upon me and therby injure my Reputation To the truly Honourable ROBERT BOYLE Esq SIR YOur most profound and singular Learning together with your sincere love to all Persons and Things that any way tend to improve or promote the Interest of it in the World especially those kinds thereof which tend most to Practice and are most useful and profitable for Mankind As also your great Candor and Ingenuity in pardoning or excusing the Lapses and Inadvertencies of Humane Infirmity induces me to make this bold but humble Dedication of my Labour in this Translation of this Praxis of Sylvius Chief Professor of Physic in Leiden my Quondam Tutour Not imagining you are unacquainted with the Contents much less that it can add any thing to your Stature But your Noble Patronage may be both needful and useful to me who cannot be so much a Stranger to the Epidemical Distemper of the present Age as to think my self secure from some carping Zoilus or the calumny of some strait-laced Physicians that would rather the whole Science were ingrossed to the hurt and injury of the World than that the Power and Virtue of the Art of Medicine should be promoted and divulged and thereby flourish in a publique Benefit whereas common Good should be the prime intention of every Man and will certainly be so of all Spirits truly generous The worthiness of the Author and high esteem he hath very deservedly acquired by not only his Learning but also great industry and Indâ—fatigable Pains rendring himself Eminent among Judicious and Industrious Spirits Being conscious also of my own design to do him right in the Translation and acknowledg
it too sharp 26. 4. If over-Fat Choler deprave the Sanguification of Chyle it ought to be Corrected with Acid Medicins but the more temperate ones such as are prescrib'd in Chap. 2. Sect. 38 c. and in Chap. 11. Sect. 25. farther Bewaring of the abuse of Oily and Fat things of which in Sect. 15. of this Chapter 27. 5. If the over-Acid Lympha deprave the Sanguification of Chyle it is to be corrected and amended by Medicins prescrib'd in Chap. 2. Sect. 17 c. and else-where 28. Mean while diligently Abstain from farther use of Acids and the other things mention'd in Sect. 17. of this Chapter 29. 6. When over-Salt Lympha depraves the Sanguification of Chyle then Medicins approv'd in Chap. 13. Sect. 41 42. may be convenient as also Aromatic mild Sweats by the help whereof the Saltness of the Lympha is by degrees corrected 30. In this case Hydragogues also conduce often us'd in a small Dose after some contemperation of the Salt Acrimonie 31. 7. When over Phlegmatic Lympha depraves the Sanguification of Chyle then are Medicins to be given that Cut and Correct Phlegmatic Humors in the Body prescrib'd in Chap. 2. Sect. 28 c. and such as Purge them so prepar'd for being Empti'd therein Sect. 33 c. also shunning those things that we have said here and else-where do breed Phlegm 32. 8. As often as over-Watry Lympha depraves the Sanguification of Chyle so often abstain from the over-Use of any Water and if it abound in the Body it is to be expell'd both by Exercises enough Potent and by the Bath c. with Sweats not very great but often repeted to which end Spiritous and Aromatic Sudorifics may also be us'd whereby the Animal Spirits almost deficient may be repair'd and the Animal Strength preserv'd yea encreas'd by the same means 33.9 As often as the Sanguification of the same is deprav'd all the Humors and so Chyle it self being rightly constituted in an Healthy Body in the time of the Distribution of Chyle by one or more External Causes either inevitable or unexpected numbred in Sect. 21. so often those things that cannot be shun'd ought to be as much as may be corrected and temper'd at least the Harms that come by them to every one should speedily be amended and taken away 34. So if any have been in the cold Air as soon as may be let them come to a clear Fire or go into a warm'd Bed at least let them cover their Bodies well with Bed clothes whereby they again expel out of the Body the cold receiv'd 35. So if any have abus'd piercing and spiritous Drink if good part of it yet remain in the Stomach let them send it out again by a Vomit rais'd by putting one Finger into the Jaws or a Feather moistned with Oil unless they can of their own accord promote it which is easie yea familiar to many 36. But if the Drink be already gone more into the Body like a Surfet its breathing out is to be patiently expected if then Thirst still urge by using Sowr Drink no way Spiritous or Watry such as is Mineral Wells always taking heed of any excess 37. But if Drink with Ice or otherwise very cold shall have been taken Aromattes and such as abound with a Volatil Oily Salt us'd by tums may conduce which naturally are fit to overcome the harm of drinking with Ice soonest safest and most pleasantly They will perform this the more happily if by their help a Sweat be also mov'd or promoted 38. So as many as vehemently move their Body either by Running Leaping or otherwise whence Sweat also came forth they should carefully take heed of the cold Air and rather betake themselves to a Warm'd Bed to compose themselves to Rest and that they may shun a greater harm 39. So as many as have been mov'd with a Vehement Passion of Mind should endeavour to asswage â—t by themselves or others and to reduce the Mind to former tranquillity which Reason and Discourse can do by mildly composing the Rational Soul with soâ—id Reasons whencesoever taken yea by confirmâ—ng and hardning it against any things that cannot be chang'd to bear them patiently and stoutâ—y 40. The manifold Harms following those Vitious â—xternal Causes ought to be Corrected variously and as soon as can be seeing that by the Functions â—urt or other proper Signs they are known to the â—hysicianâ— of which all over in this Treatise CHAP. XIX Of the Continual and Vital Effervescency of Blood in the Right Ventricle of the Heart hurt 1. CHyle is not only carri'd to the Right Ventricle of the Heart some hours after the Food is taken in whereby it may be chang'd into Blood but continually by the Blood returning from every Part and that partly being furnish'd with bitter Gall partly by having Acid Lympha there is rais'd in the same place a mild yea Vital Effervescency 2. We call it a Lively Effervescency that is rais'd in the Right Ventricle of the Heart because the natural Preservation of our Life depends upon it 3. For by the Conflux of the Volatil Oily Salt ruling in the Gall and constituting the chief part of the Sowrish Sweet Spirit of these I say being somwhat contrary there is rais'd a gentle and to Nature friendly Fight describ'd by Us with the Name of an Effervesceney in and by which the Fiery Parts lying hid and shut up in both are loos'd from their Fetters and being free'd infinuate themselves into the Oily and Fat obvious Parts both of the Blood and also of Chyle as the proper Subject of their Action rarefying the same and moreover do so change and alter the other parts more or less mixt with them that Life may be continu'd and Blood mov'd any whither and the necessary Reparation of all the containing and contain'd Parts perpetually more or less Consum'd may be perfected and absolv'd 4. It haps that this Effervescency very necessary for Life and Nourishment is Hurt 1. When it is either wholly Abolisht or Ceases at least for a time 2. When it is Diminisht and is Lesser or Weaker 3. When it is Encreas'd and is Greater or more Potent 4. When it is Hastned and is too Swift 5. When it is Retarded and perform'd too Slowly 6. When it is Deprav'd and observ'd to be Unequal or Inordinate 5. I. Where this Vital Effervescency is wholly Abolisht Death is at hand because the Vital Fire of the Heart or rather of the Blood which by its help us'd to be continu'd in the Heart is presently extinguish'd by the same 6. This Vital Effervescency is Abolisht 1. By the fault of the Choleric Blood Ascending and that either for Want of Choler as oft as it is effus'd with great force into the Small Gut and hence Choler is excluded out of the Body as well upward by Vomit as downward by Stool in the Disease Cholera whence no wonder if the Sick perish somtimes then in a few
hours 7. Or because of the high Volatility and Acrimony of Choler whence the Blood is not only more Dissolv'd but the Lympha also more sluggish as we judg it happens in the Pest and all Malign Feavers in which the Sick so oft are suddenly and unexpectedly extinguish'd 8. The same Vital Esservescency is Abolisht 2. By the fault of the Lymphatic Blood Descending which is by reason of the over Acidity of Lympha whereby Choler is not only opprest and as it were suffocated in the Heart and together with Choler the Vestal and Vital Fire or the Blood it self extreamly coagulated is made unfit for its naturally following Rarefaction 9. We scarce ever think that such a Defect can be thought of Lympha for which the Vital Effervescency may be Abolisht unless perhaps the Passage of the Thorax be somwhat Prest Wounded or Burst and therefore the greatest part Standing still or Run out another way Neither seems it probable that all the Conglobated Glandules from which we judg the Acidity of the Lympha procedes can be so affected alone that therefore the Acid Lympha should be deficient in the Heart For as often as the Body is congeal'd with Cold the extreme Parts are not less but more seiz'd on by it than the internal Glandules that lie hid in which besides the Lympha is not so much diminish'd as corrupted by Cold although then its Motion be both alter'd and disturb'd as we observe it falls out in the Stuffing of the Head in which all Motion of a Humor both to the Nostrils and also to the Jaws is Stopt first with an Heaviness of the Head whence the name Gravedo afterward the Humor Distills more plenteously and often thinner and sharper than is wont to wit Sowrish Salt and then this Disease is properly call'd either Coryza whilst it runs out by the Nostrils or Bronchos whilst it is carri'd down to the Jaws and begets an Hoarsness as a Cough when it slides down farther into the Sharp Arterie of the Lungs and provokes and compels them to a more mov'd and violent Expiration 10. The same Vital Effervescency is Abolish'd 3. By too many Vapors rais'd in the most vehement Effervescency and so employing all the space in the Right Ventricle of the Heart and hence in the Vessels of the Lungs that the Fire then also breaking out is choak'd by them and extinguish'd otherwise it had been Vital neither is there further place granted to the new Effervescency presently following 11. The Vital Effervescency is Abolish'd by too many Vapors in the Right Ventricle of the Heart not only in as much as the space in the Vessels of the Lungs is deni'd to new Blood that should raise an Effervescency and consequently undergo a Rarefaction but also in as much as the Lungs being extremely distended by the aforesaid Vapors can neither be farther unfolded nor reciprocally complicated nor yet Respiration very necessary to temper the Heat of Blood can be perfected 12. But the same is yet abolish'd 4. By too much Blood filling all the Vessels Veins and Arteries in the Plethora call'd at or in the Vessels and Athletic Habit and that for want of Space to receive the Blood although meanly to be Rarefi'd after a due Effervescency 13. The same Vital Effervescency is Abolish'd 5. By the over-potent Vital Fire rais'd in the Heart rarefying the Blood more than enough and to an Height whence by the defect either of a Space large enough in which it may be receiv'd or sufficient Cooling whereby the hot Blood might be temper'd our Vital Fire is often Suffocated in the most Burning Fevers by its own fault 14. The Effervescency of Blood somtimes Ceases in the Right Ventricle of the Heart for a time not only short but often very notable to wit for one or two days the Pulse and Respiration to be concluded taken away to outward Sense as is always in the most grievous kind of Hypochondriac Suffocation and the Syncope and also somtimes in a lighter kind of the aforesaid Suffocation and Swouning Fits join'd with the Pulse stopt to Sense such as is frequently observ'd in these Regions 15. For we must not pass it by that the Pulse and Respiration are not always taken away to Sense in every Hypochondriac Suffocation or lighter Swouning Fits although they be perpetually more or less hinder'd or diminish'd seeing the Voice it self and Speech somtimes are more or less hinder'd 16. The chief Cause of this Effervescency Ceasing for a notable time is viscous and also Acid Phlegm not too much exceeding in plenty otherwise it would be Abolish'd with Death following join'd to the Lympha and hence to the Descending Blood and carri'd to the Heart 17. The Cause of the same Effervescency Ceasing a short while about a quarter half or a whole hour is judg'd by me to be a Viscous also and Acid Vapor or Wind-piercing out of the Small Gut through the Lacteal Veins and Passage of the Thorax to the Heart 18. For as this Viscously-Acid Phlegm is more plenteous or solid or more consistent or less in quantity or more Vaporous so it will hinder our Vital Effervescency more or longer or less or shorter while and seem to take it away at least to External Sense seeing it may deservedly be doubted whether indeed and actually it be taken or may be taken away without the Patient's Death the solution and determination of which Doubt will depend on the Prejudice or Opinion of every one given about the following Question to wit Whether Life can remain without a continual and new Sustentation and Generation of the Vital Fire Or whether the same could be extinguish'd for a while and again be kindled and restor'd in the Heart of its own accord or by help of Medicins before that a deadly Corruption possess the Blood and the other Humors 19. Our Vital Fire may be said to be kindled and restor'd in the Heart of its own accord when Acid and Viscous Phlegm being join'd in too much plenty with the Descending Blood doth so oppress Choler coming with the Ascending Blood that for a space there is no power of it observ'd till by the help of this same Choler the aforesaid Phlegm being reduc'd and brought back by degrees to some mediocrity a new Fire rises up and restores Life to the Body perhaps taken away for a time 20. By the help of Medicins our Vital Fire may be said to be kindled and restor'd when in the aforenam'd Diseases one or two Drops of some very Aromatic Oil with a little Aromatic Spirit of Wine or any other convenient Liquor once or often pour'd into the Mouth of the Sick who is in the Agonie of Death pierce to the Blood infected and worst affected with the aforesaid Viscously-Acid Phlegm may raise or stir up suddenly or by degrees the Vital Fire it self languishing or extinct by correcting or amending Phlegm and also strengthning and relieving Choler 21. But an ingenious Searcher of Truth may question
Whether such an Aromatic Oil fitly call'd Balsam of Life or any other like it whose stupendious force in such a case is not unknown as well to them that are Expert in the Art of Chymistry as Skilful in the Practice of Physick be join'd to the Blood almost condenst to Death by Phlegm Viscously-Acid in the Right Ventricle of the Heart or elsewhere 22. As much as I am able to attain by the best of my Understanding that I may study to satisfie this Question saving to every Man his particular Judgment I judg it no wise absurd to think that this Conjunction of the Aromatic and then truly Vital Oil with Phlegm Viscously-Acid too much thickning Blood happens in the Vessels of the Lungs seeing that nothing offers to hinder that some part of the over-thick Blood may be driven forward into the Arterie of the Lungs before either the Pulse or Respiration be taken away to Sense This being asserted it will not be difficult to explain how the strength of the Aromatic and Vital Oil should pierce easily to the Right Ventricle of the Heart as I conjectur'd then more or less open'd and also by the Blood it self not less coagulated in the Arterie of the Lungs then too much in the aforesaid Ventricle and therefore less fluid 23. These things being inserted as it were by a Parenthesis to incite Wits note that the wonted Effervescency and hence the Rarefaction of both sorts of Blood flowing together to the right Ear of the Heart and therefore both the reciprocal Expansion and Contraction of the Heart and the Pulse it self is more or less hindred and stopt by both the mention'd Causes to wit Phlegm and a Vapor Viscously Acid which is observ'd therefore not to be in the Syncope and certain kinds of Hypochondriac Suffocation hitherto to be reduc'd altogether to Swounings 24. Among the six Non-natural Things an Vnexpected grievous Sorrow of Mind or Terror and somtimes the biting Cold of Air or Water makes that Cessation of the Vital Effervescency somtimes and oftner in Persons dispos'd to it because of the Viscous and Flatulent also and Acid Humors now already in the Body in Women especially and others of a more fearful Nature 25. II. This Effervescency of the Blood Descending and Ascending to the Heart is Diminish'd and so becoms Less or Weaker by the fault of either the Choleric or Lymphatic Blood 26. Of the Choleric when Choler is not sharp enough or is too little in the Ascending Blood 27. Choler is produced in the Body not sharp enough 1. Because of the over-cold and moist Air. 2. Because of Phlegmatic Watry Oily Acid but not Sharp and Aromatic Food and Sauces over-long us'd 3. Because of much and deep Sleep 4. Because of Rest and sluggishness of Body 5. Because of the Mind void of Care fearful and sad 6. Because of the Monthly Courses or wonted Sweats supprest 28. Choler is found too little in the Ascending Blood for the same Causes newly mention'd and chiefly by a Choleric Loosness or over-great emptyings of Choler wrong done whence the natural quantity of Choler is diminish'd 29. By the fault of the Lymphatic Blood the aforesaid Effervescency is Diminish'd when the Lympha of the Glandules in the Blood is not Sowr enough or too Little or over-Viscous 30. This Lympha is found in the Blood not Sowr enough 1. Because of Hot or Rainy Air. 2. Because of Phlegmatic Watry Oily or Aromatic but not Acid Food and Sauces 3. Because of much and deep Sleep 4. Because of sluggishness and too much Rest of Body 5. Because of the Mind void of Care or Angry 6. Because of the Monthly Courses or a wonted Loosness supprest 31. The Lympha comes too Little to the Blood for the same Causes newly recited and especially because the Lympha stands still or is carri'd another way by reason of the Glandules ill affected in the Stuffing of the Head and other such-like Diseases 32. The Lympha is too Viscous in the Blood 1. By such-like Food long us'd 2. By the Cold and Sharp Air. 3. By a grievous and long-continuing Sorrow of Mind 33. III. The same Effervescency of both sorts of Blood flowing together in the Heart is Encreas'd and becoms Greater or more Potent by the fault of either or of both 34. Of the Choleric when Choler is too Sharp or Plenteous in the Blood Ascending 35. We nam'd the Causes of over-Sharp Choler in Chap. 1. Sect. 6 7. And Chap. 11. Sect. 18. And Chap. 18. Sect. 14. 36. Choler is too Plenteous in that Blood both when it is found more than naturally Plenteous in its Bag and when its Descent to the Gut is hindred and also when it abounds that is is provok'd by an External or Internal Cause to Pour it self out any way as is wont to be in the Disease Cholera and several Burning Fevers 37. The Gall is too plenteous in its Bag chiefly by the frequent use of Bitter especially Aromatic and Sharp Sauces and Medicins 38. The Descent of Choler to the Gut is hindred by reason of any Narrowness whatsoever that is in its Passage to the Gut 39. Summer-Fruits frequently stir up the Disease Cholera of which in Chap. 15. Sect. 8. Chap. 29 c. 40. We intend to give you the Causes and Manner of the rise of Burning Fevers below in Chap. 29 c. 41. Let it suffice that we have here noted Choler may abound by an inward Cause that is be provok'd and compell'd to pour it self out of its Bag as often as some of a Volatil Acid Liquor pierces thither together with the Blood and forces Choler to raise an Effervescency whence no wonder if it runs out at any Passage given and now being carri'd to the Guts stirs up Vomitings or Choleric Loosnesses or being carri'd to the Liver and thence rushing to the Heart breeds Burning Fevers 42. The Vital Effervescency in the Heart is encreas'd by the fault of the Lymphatic Blood when the Lympha is not so Plenteous as Volatil and Sharp though too Little flowing to the Heart with the Descending Blood 43. And such is the Lympha by the abuse of Sauces or such like Medicins such as are Wine of the Maise and Rhenish a little Sowr and also Spiritous strong Wine Vinegar Citron Juice us'd with Spiritous Wine Spirit of Nitre c. 44. But if Choler together with Lympha be peccant after the aforesaid manner who sees not that this Effervescency of both sorts of Blood must yet be hurt and encreast of necessity 45. IV. The same Effervescency is perfected more Quickly because of too little Phlegm in the Blood and Choler and Lympha therefore too sharp and less temperd 46. Phlegm is too Little in the Blood 1. Because of Summer and subtil hot Air. 2. Because of Food or Sauces and Medicins very sharp and Aromatic too plenteously us'd and others neglected which are wont to breed Phlegm 3. Because of a vehement long continu'd motion of the
that flows back piercing to the Heart and more inward Parts may be driven out 81. By the benefit of these Medicins the Harm of Viscous and also Acid Humors and Wind that were before in the Body may be Amended and for Preventions-sake the same may be taken as often as the Body is to be expos'd to over-Cold Air or to go into Water 82. II. The Effervescency of Blood Diminisht in the Heart because of Choler less sharp may be Cur'd 1. By Changing the Over-Cold and Moist Air into Hotter and Dryer at least prepar'd by Art with a clear Fire and Aromatic Plants disperst in the Chamber 83. 2. By mixing Aromatic and Sharp Sauces with Meat as also abstaining from very Phlegmatic Watry Oily and Sowr Food 84. 3. By detracting somthing from Sleep and daily protracting Watchings 85. 4. By exercising the Body more and more even to a mean Weariness 86. 5. By busying the Mind with Cares and Solicitudes nor abhorring from Anger not too vehement chiefly studying for Gladness and driving away Sorrow and Fear 87. 6. By Rindly moving the wonted Monthly Courses and Sweats by Medicins describ'd and to be describ'd often and especially in their proper place 88. The aforesaid Effervescency Diminisht by too little Choler containd in the Ascending Blood may be Cur'd by the forementiond means when it has the same Causes which Choler less sharp had but when it follows a Choleric Loosness or too great Evacuations of Choler evilly instituted by imprudent Persons both by compressing and suppressing that over-great Efflux of Choler if it still continue by more gentle Tâ—rt things and Opiats often already mention'd here and there and also by repairing the Defect of Choler by Sauces or Medicins both Aromatical and Sharp enough also in several Chapters mentiond as Mustard Horse-Radish Cresses Scurvy-Grass Pepper Ginger Cinamon Cloves Cardamoms c. For by the help of these Choler will not only become Sharper but also more Plenteous in the Body and consequently the Effervescency of Blood will be Encreas'd being before Diminisht 89. The same Effervescency Diminisht because of Lympha not Acid enough may be Cur'd 1. By Changing the Air hot by the Sun or any Fire with cold Air and betaking himself into a place under-Ground or otherwise cool and by correcting the Moist or Rainy chiefly by a clear Fire especially prepar'd of odorous Woods kindled in a Chamber or in any other Lodging-place 90. 2. By often using Sowr Sauces and Medicins the Juices of Citrons Oranges Currans Barberies Vinegar Sorrel Spirit of Salt of Vitriol of Sulphur of Nitre c. by the help whereof the thence diminisht Effervescency of Blood will be Encreast by little and little together with the deficient Acidity of Lympha Which that it may be sooner Phlegmatic Watry Oily and very Aromatic Food and Sauces are to be shund together at least diminisht 91. 3. By Diminishing Sleep and daily Encreasing Watches 92. 4. By Exercising the Body more and more with moderate stirring 93. 5. By Busying the Mind with Cares and a sorrowful Solicitude 94. 6. By Restoring the familiar Monthly Flux or Loosness supprest 95. The same Effervescency of Blood Diminisht by too little Lympha may be Cur'd 1. By Encreasing the same gradually by Sowr Sauces and Medicins before mentiond daily us'd at any time in a small quantity 96. 2. By taking away every Obstruction of the Lymphatic Vessels or any other Narrowness and the Cause of the Stoppage and also of the Bursting of those Vessels and so of the Effusion of Lympha by Medicins Dissolving and Cutting Phlegm Coagulated in the fore-nam'd Vessels and chiefly Sudorifics often prescrib'd in this Treatise always observing that those are us'd with greater success when the Body is compos'd to Sweat kindly and especially when the same is driven forth for so that hurtful Obstruction is opend easier and quicker 97. Lastly The aforesaid Effervescency of Blood Diminisht by the Lympha too Viscous may be Cur'd by using the above-mentiond Cutting Medicins both Acid and Salt and especially Volatil such as are the Spirit of Salt either simple or dulcifi'd and all Volatil Salts especially Oily so often and deservedly recommended by us daily and in less quantity taken both without and with Food 98. Mean while Viscous Food is to be shund as also the cold and sharp Air and a grievous and continu'd sorrow of Mind Instead whereof Food of easie digestion is to be us'd Wheat-Bread rightly fermented of Flesh those Flying rather then Watry adding Aromatic Sauces and so go into or make by Art the Air warm and dry and let the Mind be dispos'd to Chearfulness and recreated with grateful Objects 99. III. The Effervescency of Blood Encreast may be Cur'd 1. When over-sharp Gall is its Cause by Correcting and Tempering it chiefly by the above-recited Acids to be vari'd according to the peculiar Constitution of every Sick Person and more or less to be alterd by adding other things 100. It may be Cur'd 2. When the Gall being too plenteous in its Bag goes in too great plenty to the Heart by Diminishing and Emptying it with Cholagogues already often describ'd by us and chiefly in Chap. 2. Sect. 42 c. but us'd in a lesser Dose Lest otherwise an over-Purging or other grievous Symptoms be stirrd up 101. They must also Abstain from farther use of Aromatic and Sharp and especially Bitter Sauces or Medicins 102. The same may be Cur'd 3. When the Descent of Choler to the Gut is Hindred by a Phlegmatic Obstruction that is in the Passage of Choler to the Gut by Dissolving it with such as Cut as before in Sect. 97. and in Chap. 2. Sect. 28 30 c. yea every-where describ'd 103. And if the Obstruction of the Passage to the Gut be Gravelly it may commodiously be Dissolv'd both by the Decoction of Grass or Water distilld after a previous Fermentation and also by the best Spirit of Nitre daily us'd with other things and also by others more special for this Gravelly Coagulation 104. The same may be Cur'd 4. When Choler Swelling of its own accord that is by an Internal Cause is provok'd to an Universal Effusion of it self by Thickening and Fixing both Choler and the Volatil Acid raging in the Body chiefly by Sulphurs of Minerals or Metals call'd Narcotics or rather Anodyns as also the divers Boles and Seald Earths especially extracted about the Gold Mines by which that dangerous and often deadly Effusion of fierce Choler may also be Prevented 105. We gave you the Cure of the Disease Cholera in Chap. 15. Sect. 34. as we intend anon in Chap. 29 c. to give the manner of curing Burning-Fevers 106. The same Effervescency of Blood Encreasd may be Cur'd 5. When the Lympha both Volatil and Sharp though Less in quantity is carri'd to the Heart and is the Cause thereof both by Abstaining from farther use of Sauces or Medicins that have a Volatil and Sharp Acidity and what is noted in
and the farther â—arming of the Ulcerated Part is not only hindred but moreover the total Cure hereof is promoted especially if according to the vehemency of the Disease or various largeness of the Ulcer one or two drops of it be us'd thriâ—e four times or oftner in a day in a Spoonful of any Pectoral Decoction or Mixture or at least Sugard Beer 37. The same Blood carried whencesoever into the Sharp Arterie of the Lungs lest it clotter there and hence corrupt is to be kept Dissolvd by convenient Medicins or is to be Dissolvd again and Voided To which purpose Crabs-Eyes together with Diaphoretic Antimony are to be preferd before many others being dissolvd in a little distild Vinegar and taken some grateful things being added seeing that they do the main Work here For Example take the following Form by Spoonfuls â„ž Hyssop Fenel-Water of each â„¥ i. Matthiolus his Aqua VitaeÊ’ ii Distilld Vinegar â„¥ ss Crabs-EyesÊ’ ss Diaphoretic Antimony ℈ i. Syr. of Maiden-Hair â„¥ i. M. 38. But in such Mixtures as have Crabs-Eyes dissolvd in Vinegar beware lest Syrups made of Mucilages be added to them such as are that of Marsh-Malows Jujubs Violets and such-like because presently or soon after they thence become thick like Mucilages and unfit for use which will not easily be if the Syrups us'd be prepar'd of Aromatics and especially fresh enough seeing many become more viscous in length of time 39. When by the proper Disease of the Lungs Blood pure or corrupted into Matter is voided by Coughing there is greater danger wherefore we must hasten the more to its Cure lest the opportunity here if any where urgent be lost by delay for the singular Substance of the Lungs is easily infected and corrupted but difficultly restor'd and repaird 40. Therefore must we not cease from the use of Medicins that cure the efflux and corruption of Blood burst out of the Vessels of the Lungs till the evil be wholly taken away Yea I advise that a sparing use of mild Medicins should be continu'd for some time after the Disease is cur'd to sense whereby the part once affected may be strengthned against the access of a new evil and therefore easily again affected 41. As in other Cases always so here you must diligently attend to the Medicins that most conduce to every particular Body whereby they may be preferd before the rest and as long as they profit continue in the use thereof And as soon as ever they are observd to profit less substitute others in their room and so the Health of the Sick is to be promoted every way 42. A Dry Cough arising from cold Air or Drink may be Cur'd by often stopping Expiration whereby the Heat in the Lungs and Jaws being encreasd the harm arising and molesting by external cold may be corrected 43. Let me therefore here admonish you in general that the Breath held as long as may be and so also the Cough being hindred by force will not a little conduce to allay and mitigate any Cough and especially a Dry one by which means I have often observd both in my self and others that a Cough otherwise troublesome enough has been wholly taken away or diminisht as in like manner I have often noted the Hicket also so Cur'd 44. When very Viscous Humors are the Cause of a Dry Cough they are wont to be amended and corrected by those that potently Cut being continually swallowd in a small quantity for which use the Bechic White Troches Alicampane-Root pouderd and reduc'd with Sugar into Tablets or Pieces cut c. may serve if they be held in the Mouth and being dissolv'd with the Spittle are continually carri'd down together with it into the Sharp Artery 45. Catarrhs that are Salt and Sharp breeding a Dry Cough may be corrected and temperd by the Pills of Hounds-Tongue or Styrax c. so often mentiond by Me not neglecting Hydragogue Purges 46. Vapors or Wind rising up to the Lungs from the Small Gut through the Lacteal Veins raising a Dry Cough require for their Cure Medicins 1. That Temper or Educe Humors which are always Phlegmatic and Choleric and somtimes also Acid. 2. Such as Discuss Vapors and Wind or asswage them as well in their rising as after it The most whereof are often before propos'd and among others in Chap. 9. Sect. 29. my Carminative Spirit of great power in curing this Disease happily CHAP. XXIV Of the Nourishment of the Lungs Deprav'd 1. HItherto I have thought with others that own the Circular Motion of Blood that the Blood is not only alterd by the Air Inspir'd but moreover that it is driven forward out of the Right Ventricle of the Heart into the Lungs to be nourisht by it Whence as the Lungs alone receive this Blood so I thought they alone were nourisht by it until last year an Artery arising from the Descending Trunc of the Great Artery was discoverd by the Observation of the most diligent Anatomist and famous Embalmer of Bodies Dr. Frederic â—uysch a Physician at the Hague containing in a public Discourse An Explanation of the Valvul's in the Lymphatic and Lacteal Vessels and some rare Anatomic Observations and because it accompanies the widenings of the Wind-pipe call'd by him Bronchialis and as it carries the Blood elaborated and perfected in the Left Ventricle of the Heart to the Lungs it is assign'd by him for their Nourishment 2. But although when I came to Print this Chapter it happend opportunely that there was a Body of a Youth who perisht with Cold to be Cut in the public Hospital and I sought diligently the Artery in it aforesaid by the mentiond Treatise but without success yet would I not therefore herein mistrust so famous a Man but rather lament that a few days after I was hindred against all right by some through preposterous spite less addicted to the Common Good and oft hurful whereby I could not Dissect the Body of a Youth dead of Difficult Breathing and search out the second time the forenam'd Artery to demonstrate i Ì„t in public for the sake of many Students earnestly desiring to know this thing by ocular Inspiction especially seeing that the same Dr. Ruyseb had in one word shewn me the way to observe it more certainly and had also told to others that the same thing had happend more than once which had happend to me 3. Whether therefore the Lungs receive their nourishing Blood by this Bronchial Artery or together by that of the Lungs as oft as by reason of the Effervescency of the Blood Ascending and Descending vitiated in the Right Ventricle of the Heart the Blood rising from both is vitious the Nourishment of the Lungs will be deprav'd and that sooner more easily and potently than any other part of the Body if they be nourisht in part at least by the Blood coming out of the Right Ventricle of the Heart being less temperd than the other effus'd out of the left Bed of the Heart
6. The Primary Differences of the Pulse felt in the Wrist may be reduc'd to three chief Heads the Strength Greatness and Frequency of the Pulse For the Swiftness ascrib'd to the Pulse may indeed be conceivd by the Mind but not toucht and felt with the Fingers And Hardness is but seldom found in the Pulse and always in a Praeternatural State when as those aforementiond are observd both in a Natural and Non natural Pulse 7. A Pulse is call'd Strong when the Artery smites forcibly the Fingers of him that Touches but Weak when it happens only gently and lightly 8. The Pulse is said to be Great when the Artery is unfolded much and with a large space but Little when little and in a narrow space 9. The Pulse is call'd Frequent when the expansion and smiting of the Arterie is observd in the same space of Time ofter then otherwise or in others and Rare when it is less oft then is wont or ought to be 10. The Pulse is call'd Moderat or Mean which is the middle between the extrem's of the three foresaid Differences 11. A Strong or Potent and Valid Pulse is causd by the Animal Spirits plenteously carri'd to the Musculous Substance of the Heart strongly contracting it whence it is never preternatural upon its own account yet somtimes upon the account of the Cause provoking 12. A Weak Pulse oft follows a Vniversal Defect of the Animal Spirits in the Universal Body at least partly in the Heart it self somtimes a Sluggishness and Drowsiness or Unmovableness of the Universal Body 13. A Vniversal Defect of the Animal Spirits is both because of Defect of the Blood by a notable Effusion and Haemorrhagie of it somtimes by prolonged Hunger and because of the Effervescency and Rarefaction of Blood hindred in a Syncope Hypochondriac Suffocation c. whence a Weak Pulse always concurs with one Little And because of the Spirits exhausted with Cares Hunger Watchings or too much Motion or Agitation of the Body and because of the ill affected Brain being averse to the separation and preparation of the Spirits 14. The Animal Spirits will be Deficient in the Heart peculiarly if the Nervs tending to it be wounded â—â—r I seareâ— think that they alone the others being well can become unfit to let the Spirits pass through by any moisture 15. The Animal Motion of those that walk in Sleep testifies that Sluggishness and Drowsiness of the Animal Spirits is not always to be found in Sleep or Drowsiness it self and the Pulse it self in a grievous Sleepiness oft very Strong Whence it is manifest that Narcotics as such do not so affect the Animal Spirits perhaps or all the Nerves equally as the Organs of the external Senses or the Nerves tending to them 16. But Sluggishness and Drowsiness is always found in the Animal Motion by Frost and any vehement cold of Air Water and other things although we may doubt whether the Animal Spirits Themselves or rather the Maseles be then indeed and by themselves affected by cold seeing unless its Cause be extremâ— that Drowsiness of the Parts according to Motion may be prevented or also overcomd by a vehâ—ment agitation of the Body which could not be if Drowsiness had seiâ—d on the Spirits which bâ—ing moâ—â—ble and subject to the Government of the â—â—ad the Museles may the easier be freed from Drowsiness by their more plenteous afflux to them 〈◊〉 is wâ—nt 17. A Great Pulse follows an ample and full Rareâ—â—◠〈…〉 the Sâ—â—tness of the Arteries concurâ—â—â—â— 18. A 〈◊〉 Pulse happens both by a small Rarâ—â—◠〈…〉 and by the Hardness of the Arterie 〈…〉 cannot be much displaid 〈…〉 â—â—s for its Cause either the 〈…〉 so that it cannot be enough receivd by the Greatness of the Pulse only or the Hardness of the Arterie in a mean Rarefaction of Blâ—nd whâ—◠〈◊〉 Greâ—â— Pulse is conjoind there to Oâ—â— Frâ—queâ—â— hâ—re Onâ— Little or any thing else oft pulling the Heart 〈◊〉 Coâ—tract it sâ—lf 20. Lastly A â—â—â—re Pulse haps by a small and slow Rarefaction oâ— Blood 21. The â—â—â—nty of Animal Spirits follows a due Vse of Foâ—d abounding with a Volatil Spirit and their Fermentation in the Stomâ—ch and Separation in the Gats and Effervescency in the Heart and especially beside the laudable Productions of all the other Humors the Separation of the most Spiritous Part compleat in the Brain and Cerebellum As Their Defect beside those we mentiond in Sect. 13 14. all contrary â—o these fore mentiond as is manifest by treating of the nam'd Functions Deprâ—v'd 22. The Blood Rarefies much when it is laudable â—nd a potent Fire is stird up in the Heart when the â—ffervescency is which yet when it is too Great â—â—e Blood Rarefies more than enough and thereupon â—â—l as is wont to be in Burning Fevers 23. The Blood Rarefies less or Little when it is â—â—ess fit to rarefie and more fluid or viscous then is usuâ—â—l or a more Sparing Fire is stird up in the Heart â—nd not enough to rarefie the Blood suffiâ—iâ—ntly 24. The Natural Hardness of the Arteries is to be scrib'd to the Thickness of their Coats as the Praeâ—ernatural is commonly wont to be ascrib'd to the Inâ—ammation of the Membrans 25. The Blood Rarefies very much and suddenly when both it is more fit to rarefie and a sharper Fire 〈◊〉 kindled in it and the Heart 26. The Heart is Oft or continually pulld to Câ—â—â—ract it Self both by and Sharp thing carri'd together with the Blood to it be it a Sowr or a Lixiviaâ— Salt or mixt of both as is Salt Brine and by any Vaporous or Windy Thing piercing into the Ventricles of 〈◊〉 Heart and a little but not too much unfolding its Sides and so indeed that they may again be contracted and by any Thing without the Heart tâ— wit containd in its Pericardium that corrodes and pâ—iâ—ks it So we found a Salt and Sharp Humor thrâ—â— years agoe in the Pericardium by which as well theâ— Memorane of the Pericardium as of the Heart was corroded and fretted 27. A Small and Slow Rarefaction of Blood procedes either from Its exceding Viscousness or from thâ— Fire more sparingly breaking forth in the conflux 〈◊〉 both Bloods or from Both concurring together Foâ— it can scarce ever be that Choler or Lympha shoulâ— be very sharp the Universal Blood being for somtime too Viscous unless in regard of Diet and espâ—cially of Food somtimes holer more Sharp somtimes Lympha and the Juice of the Pancreas mâ—â—â— Sowr somtimes Spittle and Phlegm be bred mâ—â— Visâ—â—us which easily haps when Men use Food 〈◊〉 many soâ—ts apt to breed one while one another tiâ—â— another ill Humor and moreover use now hot anâ— cold Air and besides are immoderat in the Motiâ— of their Bâ—dy and Mind c. 28. How the mentiâ—nd kinds of a deprav'd Pulâ—â— ought to be Help'd is not difficult to conclude 〈◊〉 what is propos'd here and there 29. So the other Differences and
somtimes at that time and even uncertainly which therfore who might not fitly name them Inordinat and Wandring 21. But although the most Fevers are wont to invade the Sick with a greater or less Sense of Cold Heat somtimes lighter other-times more grievous succeding it yet are there not wanting such as only Cold or only Heat or neither accompanies manifest to the Sense as well of the Sick as of Physicians or by-Standers Let none think as is commonly said That the essence of every Fever Consists in Heat encreasd beside Nature in the Heart hence disperst through the Vniversal Body 22. None who hath weighd accuratly with an attentive Mind both the Fabric and Ways or Vessels of the Containing Body and the natural Motion of the Containd Body that is of the Blood and other Humors will deny that the Cause of Continual Fevers is requir'd Continual that is continually carri'd to the Heart As on the contrary the Cause of Intermitting Fevers is not continually but only by Intervals carri'd thither and therefore apt to be hindred in its motion to the Heart 23. Seeing Cold and Heat are deservedly numbred as the chief and more frequent Symptoms among the most of manifold Fevers we must diligently enquire into the most probable Causes of both and hence into the Causes of the Continual Heat after the first Cold overcomd or both of Cold and Heat returning by Intervals or of Heat stird up only in a divers and determinate time For those things being lookd into and determind it will not perhaps be very difficult to explain the Fevers though most divers and to extricate the Mind desirous of Truth from almost infinite difficulties to be mov'd by any 24. That therefore omitting the Opinions of others for I think it behoovs every Man to prove his own I may in a few words relate That that seems true even to me I judg I. That the Cause fâ— every Continual Fever is Choler or Lympha under which I comprehend the Juice of the Pancreas and so Spittle it Self in as much as they are carri'd to the Heart or Both vitious and raising such an Effervescency in the Right Ventricle of the Heart whence the Pulse is continually produc'd more freauent 25. But I deduce Cold observable about the first bâ—ginning if a Continual Fever depend on Choler alone primarily vitiated from the same vitious Choler together with the Juice of the Pancreas raiâ—ing an Effervescency vitious in the small Gut and that such as somwhat sowr Vapors are carri'd up by the said Juice and being anon driven every way breed a light Cold every where which yet a little after gives place to Heat bred by the same Choler carri'd to the Heart 26. But if a Continual Fever depend on Lympha alone primarily vitiated seeing it follows both the Conglobated Glandul's and also in part the Conglomerated Glandul's and so the Pancreas it selt ill-affected what wonder if the Juice of this being made somwhat more Sowr breed a vitious Efferveseency with Choler in the small Gut and together send form somwhat sowr Vapors which being disperst through the Universal Body every where stir up a Sense of Cold divers according to its greater or less Harm 27. But if a Continual Fever depend both on Choler and on Lympha together vitiated Cold troubling the Sick about its beginning is produc'd from the mentiond Causes conjoind 28. After the preceding Cold somtimes more grievous somtimes lighter Heat is wont to follow in the most of Continual Fevers and much greater and more troublesom from Choler alone primarily peccant whence therfore Burning Fevers do arise but much less and more mild and somtimes None from Lympha alone primarily peccant chiefly when much Phlegm together abounds in the Sick to which Chill Fevers are to be ascrib'd Lastly Heat being mean from both together vitiated and separating it self again after a certain manner 29. When the Lympha is vitiated and the Glandul's that are in the Brain are together much affected First A Stoppage of the Head that is a Burthensom Pain in the Head if we follow the proper signification of Words is wont to be raisd and a little after both somtimes Coryza when the Liquor falling down from the Brain distils to the Nostrils and somtimes an Hoarsness or Cough when it distils to the Jaws or Lungs known by the name of a Catarrh whence the Fevers then accompanying are wont to be nam'd Catarrhal Fevers 30. II. I judg the Cause of all Intermitting Fevers to be the Juice of the Pancreas in some part of it standing still in one â—r more lateral Passages of the Pancreas obstructed and made sharper by its stay there and piercing through Phlegm more or less viscous the Cause of the noted Obstruction a way being prepar'd by force by that sowr Acrimony and effus'd into the small Gut and there raising a vitious Esservescency with Choler and Phlegm and indeed producing different Cold in the beginning of the Fit somtimes more grievous somtimes lighter somtimes longer somtimes shorter till at length when no more of it retaind against Nature and so vitiated flows out the same is overcom'd again which is usually by Choler partly before comprest and as it were supprest now again being returnd to it sâ—lf partly sliding down continually whence the Mixture rising from both and Phlegm and being carri'd to the Right Ventricle of the Heart is the Cause of the Heat following somtimes greater somtimes less somtimes none as Choler and Phlegm are variously affected to the Juice of the Pancreas always at least then in part vitiated 31. III. I judg the Cause of Fevers compounded of Continual and Intermitting Fevers and not quite Intermitting but Remitting only and again stird up both Causes of each newly mentiond together concurring 32. IV. I judg the Cause of Continual and Mild Fevers in the mean time stird up about Two Hours after any Food taken in commonly call'd Hectic Fevers to be chiefly Spittle vitious and giving occasion for vitious Chyle because of more Glandul's together affected by which Chyle so carri'd to the Heart the Esservescency being deprav'd the Pulse is still stird up more frequent then before 33. In like manner as I judg all Cold in any Fevers to be deriv'd partly and chiefly from the Juice of the Panereas as sâ—wr and perhaps somtimes also from Lympha in like manner being more sowr partly from Phlegm either Insipid or Acid So I think all Heat is to be attributed to Choler upon the account both of its Lixivial Salt and Oil for Oil is apt to take the force of Fire and keep it on the contrary a Sowr Liquor is apt to extinguish it and again to condense the Oil that was rarefi'd by the Fire but a Lixivial Salt especially joind with an Oil as oft as it causes an Esservescency with a Sowr Liquor produces a notable Heat And so when all are moderat and keep their requisite proportion and due manner the vital Fire is preservd in
arise from the Three-fold Sway of the Guts all mixt together with Lympha with the Descending Blood Lymphatic Fevers may be subdivided into Glandular Pancreatic and Salivary Lymphatic Fevers 7. All these Fevers may differ somthing according to the divers Constitution of other Humors together being in the Body 8. I judg that Burning Fevers are chiefly produc'd by Choler and Fevers coupled with acute Pains and Prickings of the Head and Lims from the Glandulous Lympha as from the Juice of the Pancreas any joind with gripes and prickings of the Belly lastly from the Spittle those which are observd troublesom with anxieties and distensions of the Stomach and the parts near it But as oft as several Humors of those mentiond are together vitiated so oft the Symptoms of more are wont to concur together as moreover the same occur more glentle then is wont by the mutual tempering of the Humors peccant 9. Choler at that time is wont to be peccant either with a Lixivial Salt Acrimony only or moreover with an Oily Infameableness Whence there indeed the encreasd Heat is observd sharper here together greatest The Pulse there other things considerd is more frequent here together greater The Vrin there thicker here beside more colourd Thirst is there very troublesom here insatiable The Tongue is there dry here together cloven or black 10. The Lympha of all or at least the most Conglobated Glandul's being more sharp and sowr and raising a Feverish Effervescency in the Right Ventricle of the Heart breeds an Heat more corroding then great and every where troublesom with Gripings 11. The same Lympha becoming more sharp and salt Brine or together Acid in the Glandul's of the Head especially beside a stoppage or burthensom pain of the Head and hence the Coryza or Hoarsness or a Cough afterward following is wont to produce the Catarrhal Fever so call'd acompani'd with Heat not so vehement and intense as gnawing and sharp 12. In every Lymphatic Fever a light shivering oft troublesom is present and urgeth The Pulse is frequent more then great The Vrin is voided died and red for the most part but soon after troubled growing yellow or white and seems to let fall much manifold-settling according to the various constitutions of the Humors a grievous and pricking weariness uses to possess the Lims 13. The Juice of the Pancreas being all of it diversly vitiated and made over-sharp and breeding a Containing Fever manifests it self both with Anxieties about the Midrif and Gripes of the Belly and Prickings or bloody Purgings or sharp Pain coupled as also by the Pulse frequent chiefly and inclining to littleness and weakness and afterward unequal with the Appetite somtimes dejected somtimes encreas'd with Thirst more rarely urging with Vrin commonly crude and watry 14. The Spittle breeding a Containing Fever is wont to be peccant with encreasd Viscousness whence it is perceivd more mild and soft the Appetite being commonly dejected and a burthensom Pain following the taking in of Food somtimes a Distension and puffing up of the Stomach and Guts happening and soon after Wheazing or Difficult Respiration and sleepiness together with the frequencie of the Pulse encreasd one or two hours after Food taken in again by degrees remitting and therefore this Salivary Fever hath great affinity with that call'd Hectic if it be not a lighter Kind of it or at least always coupled with the Hectic 15. They will less wonder or contemn these new Distinctions and Names of Containing Fevers who being free from all prejudice accuratly attend to all the observable Symptoms and Depravations of the Humors peccant in several Feverish People and neglect not the new Anatomical Inventions of this Age as when compar'd with Chymical Changes afford a wonderful Light to the intricate Doctrine of Fevers to be extricated easier and more happily 16. We have taught you before from what kind of Non-natural Things the aforesaid depravations of Choler Lympha the Juice of the Pancreas and Spittle do arise so that it seems needless to stay longer here about them seeing they may and ought to be requir'd thence 17. But any Studious of Truth may ask How Heat troublesom though diverse in these Synochal Fevers is bred from so diverse Causes 18. That to my ability I may endeavour to satisfie this just Question I judg I. That Feverish Heat is bred properly and by it self of Choler both over-sharp and fat in as much as it raising an Effervescency both in the small Gut with the Juice of the Pancreas and in the Right Ventricle of the Heart with Lympha whence soever flowing drâ—ws forth of it self not only more particles of Fire wherewith it abounds but again receivs their greatest part then breaking forth every where with its Oily Parts and indeed anon mâ—xâ— more exactly with the Blood in the Heart whence the same rarefies more then is wont and in like mannâ—r every where communicates a greater Heat with a greater and more frequent Pulse 19. II. I judg that feverish Heat is accidentally bred by the over-sowr Lympha of the Conglobated Glandul's in as much as it raising an Effervescency in the Right Ventricle of the Heart with Choler mixt with the Blood Ascending assaults it sharper then usual and so changes or corrupts it that is frees or deprives it of its viscousness that the fiery Particles break forth then more plenteously from which a sharper and more fretting Heat is raisd by its mixing with a sowr Liquor and it not a little varying in certain Circumstances according to the diverse Constitution of the other parts of the Blood with a Pulse more frequent indeed but seldom together greater but oft rather Less 20. III. I likewise think that Feverish Heat is accidentally bred by the Juice of the Pancreas wholly over-sowr in as much as Choler is not only too much alterd and broken by it in the small Gut but the Mixture arising from the confusion of Both and of the Salivary Phlegm being more sowr then is wont when it com's with Lympha to the Right Ventricle of the Heart rises anon more potently against the rest of Choler ascending together with the Blood and after its natural Viscousness is diminisht stirs up a sharp Effervescency with it hurtful to the Body whence likewise not so great as sharp Heat breaks forth and that according to the diverse difference of the whole Mass of Blood in some the present Pulse being always over-frequent and as to greatness Little or Mean seldom great unless Choler together be very Sharp 21. For IV. as oft as Choler is found sharp and oily enough in the Body either Natural or Non-natural that is by reason of the use of a Non-natural Thing as Summer Air or Strong Drink c. continu'd a while and yet not depraving any Function and the Acidity of Lympha or of the Juice of the Pancreas or of Both both be suddenly and so far encreasd by a Non-natural Thing as the over-cold Air or sowr
Consumption of several parts 37. But wherin that Vnfitness of the Blood to nourish consists whether it be bred of one sort only or manifold in several Men those things that hitherto are communicated to me or observd by me are not sufficient whence I may give the solution of this Doubt 38. And now having offerd the most Differences of Synochals both according to their various Causes and the more noted and grievous Symptoms accompanying them the next thing is that at length we subjoin to their Causes a Method of Curing every one of them agreeing both with Reason and Experience and therfore Dogmatical 39. I. Therfore a Synochal Choleric Fever may be Cur'd 1. By Correcting the Salt Sharpness of Choler chiefly by more temperd Acids the dulcifi'd Spirit of Salt c. 2. By Amending the Inflameable Oiliness of Choler by somwhat harsh Acids Sempervive the greater Plantane c. 3. By â—â—iminishing Choler if it be observd never so little to abound which is usual by Cholagogues but more mild and a little sowr or joind with Acids the Creme or Crystals of Tartar Salt of Tartar Vitriolated c. and that soon in the beginning or after that by the help of Altering Medicins Choler being over-intirely joind with the Blood begins to be again separated from the same and made fit to be totally voided which is chiefly to be expected from Acids oft mention'd but more mild or artificially temperd 40. Among Compound Medicins for correcting the salt sharpness of Choler the following Decoction oft to be us'd in a day in a small quantity and warm may conduce â„ž The Root and Leavs of Sorrel M. ii The Leavs of Strawberries Violets of each M. i. Boil them in Barley-Water adding to â„¥ xx of what is straind Syr. of the Juice of Citrons â„¥ iii. Sp. of Salt dulcifi'd ℈ ss M. 41. To Amend the Oily Inflameableness of Choler the following Decoction may be prescrib'd in like manner to be us'd â„ž Plantane Root â„¥ i. The Leavs of Sempervive the greater Purlan of each M. i. Boil them in pure Water adding to â„¥ xx of what is Streind Syr. of Purslan â„¥ iii. Oil of Sulphur prepar'd Per Campanam what suffices for a grateful Acidity M. 42. To separate Choler again from the Blood beâ—ng over-intirely mixt with it the following Decoction may conduce being us'd after the same manner as the former â„ž The Root of Dandeleon with its Leavs M. ii The Herb of Fumitory M. i. Boil them in pure Water adding to â„¥ xx of what is Straind simple Syr. of Succory â„¥ iii. Salt of Tartar VitriolatedÊ’ i. M. 43. Lastly To diminish or empty out Choler Loosned from the Blood by the preceding Decoction or a Medicin like to it and dispos'd to be voided out gradually and mildly together with the rest abounding or turgid in its Bag the following Decoction to be taken twice or thrice a day warm to â„¥ iii. or iv may serve beside others both single and compounded oft noted before â„ž Succory-Root â„¥ ii Endive-Leavs M. ii Damask-Rose-flowers M. i. Creme of Tartar or Crude Tartar Ê’ ii Boil them in a glaz'd Earthen Vessel in pure Water adding to â„¥ xx of what is straind Syr. of Succorie with Rhubarb â„¥ iii. M. 44. Yet because of the Cure of Fevers arising from Choler any way peccant it suffices not to direct their Cure to Choler it self Their Cause whereby a Fever will neither be encreasd nor fed but farther we should attend to all the Symptoms accompanying these Choleric Fevers and to all Changes therefore happening to both Bodies as well the Containing as Containd more things are to be us'd for their intire and perfect Cure 45. Wherfore by reason of an Exceding Heat stird up and of the Pulse encreasd in Greatness following a greater Rarefaction of Blood by the Fire encreasd in the Heart least the Vessels at length being by degrees more and more distended should burst or be opend any other way or over-Vital Fire be suffocated because of the hindred motion of Blood in the Heart or elswhere by its over-rarefaction filling its Vessels a Place is to be prepar'd for it by letting a sufficient quantity of Blood out at a Vein opend in the Arm Hand Foot or elswhere 46. And by this letting out Blood because it appears by daily experience that the heat of Blood is not a little diminisht thus far also an opening a Vein is to be â—â—â—â—â—nd whether that troublesom Heat be temperd 〈◊〉 of sharp and fat Vapors more plenteously â—â—us'd together with the Blood or it happen by any other Cause that may diversly be feignd according to any Bodies prejudice 47. Thirst then very importunate may be allayd by degrees by the Decoction prescrib'd in Sect. 40 41. or the Tincture of Roses describ'd in Sect. 20. of the preceding Chapter or the following Julap or any like it oft taking a little of it which I prefer before much Drink drunk at once because every sudden change is deservedly judg'd by Hippocrates hurtful to Nature and therfore dangerous â„ž Barley-Water â„¥ xx Syr. of Purslan â„¥ ii of the Juice of Citrons â„¥ i. Spirit of Salt dulcifi'dÊ’ ss M. 48. The thick Juice extracted out of certain Seeds by the help of any Water and the Mucilage such as we draw out of the Seeds of Quinces Flea-wort c. with Rose-Water or any other that is convenient will asswage the troublesomly Dry or also â—â—ven Tongue Some of this should be kept for a spâ—â—â— in the Mouth and again spit out which should 〈◊〉 be repeted 49. The same may be obtaind if the Leavs of Sempervive the Greater have their out Rind pâ—â—ld off and put into pure or Rose-Water hence oft laid upon the Tongue and be ever and anon renu'd 50. Pure Water will do the same if a little of it be kept in the Mouth and again spit out after gargling and oft repeted Instead also of pure Water a Decoction of Turneps or a mild Emulsion such as follows may be us'd â„ž Cleansd Barley boil'd till it crack â„¥ ii With its Decoction make an Emulsion of â„¥ xv adding Julap of Roses or simple Syr. of Violets â„¥ i. M. 51. To this end also the Yolk of an Egg beaten and mixt with â„¥ iii iv or v. of Rose-Water or any other grateful to the Sick and a little Sugar may in like manner be us'd a spoonful of it at a time being taken into the Mouth and afterward either swallowd or again spit out 52. II. A Glandular Synochal Lymphatic Fever may be Cur'd if 1. soon in the beginning whilst Shivering yet continues the following Mixture be taken by spoonfuls in short intervals â„ž Parsley-Water â„¥ i. ss Fenel simple Treacle-Water of eachÊ’ vi Syr. of Fenel â„¥ i. Sp. of Salt dulcifi'd ℈ i. M. For by the help of this the Shivering will not only be diminisht but moreover the sowr sharpness of Lympha temperd and the Heat that would afterward follow will at least in part
the Lymphatic Passage of the Brest 2. The Lympha mixes it self immediatly with the Blood Descending by its Lymphatic Vessels and their Trunk 3. The Juice of the Pancreas is only mediatly mixt with the same Blood Descending through its proper Passage the Guts the Lacteal Veins and Passage of the Brest 4. Lastly The Spittle in like manner mediatly only mixes with the Blood Descending through its Passages the Mouth Throat Ventricle Guts Lacteal Veins and Passage of the Brest and together with it is drawn forward to the Right Ventricle of the Heart 51. Beside which four Humors seeing hitherto none are known to be carri'd to the Right Ventricle of the Heart of necessity we must judg the Cause of Intermitting Fevers as Intermitting to be deduc'd from One or More of them since all may see that the Blood when ill-affected causes a Continual and not an Intermitting Fever because of its perpetual Motion to the Heart 52. If the Blood stand still any where presently there arises an Inflammation which if communicated to the rest of the Blood in like manner produces not an Intermitting but Continual Fever To which somtimes is coupled an Intermitting Fever and especially a Tertian and then from both for a Continual Tertian to arise is no new thing nor wonder for reasons manifest enough by what is said beneath 53. The Blood therfore herein being laid aside I. None will judg that Intermitting Fevers as Intermitting can be deduc'd from Choler who hath diligently considerd that it cannot be so infected and afflicted in its Passages suddenly by any External Cause so as to be stopt either wholly or in part in its motion for a time and again either of its own accord or for any other demonstrable Internal Cause should find a way by which it may produce the Symptoms above noted by what way soever it 's brought to the Heart and that either alone or joind with others 54. I do not deny that Choler is turnd into smaller or bigger Stones and also into a Stony Crust in its Passages through the Liver But as neither coms suddenly so neither is it observd that either of them were dissolv'd by any Internal but only External Cause nor yet so that any thing like to Intermitting Fevers can thence be deduc'd 55. In like manner somtimes Choler is judgd not to be carri'd down to the Small Gut from what cause soever when the Excrements are obscurly white and thicker then usual But an Intermitting Fever is not always observd to accompany the Jaundies although often it doth which therfore cannot be taken thence for an impediment of Choler 56. II. Neither from the Lympha can Intermitting Fevers as Intermitting be deriv'd For besides that the most Symptoms accompanying them for the most part and observable chiefly in the Abdomen cannot be expected even in a Dream from the Lympha besides if Intermitting Fevers did depend of and were produc'd by the Lympha then either all or but part of the Lympha were faulty as though it were hindred and farthered again reciprocally in its Motion to the Heart If all where and what kind of Impediment could that be whether or no in all the Conglobated Glandula's Muscles and Bowels or in all the Lymphatic Vessels or their Trunk about their insertion into the Jugular or Axillar left Vein But if only a part thereof then which and where Whether that which goes only to the Heart from all or some only of the Conglobated Glandules Or whether it be hindred in all the Glandules But these Glandules are rarely found to swell or be hard and that only when the Head is stuft or in Catarrhal Fevers of which we spake in the former Chapter scarce ever though the Intermitting Fever be very troublesom the Causes whereof we search so that by how much the more diligently any searches the Rise and Motion of the Lympha as also its Supply and Vessels so much the less will he encline to ascribe the Cause of Intermitting Fevers as such to the Lympha 57. III. Intermitting Fevers as Intermitting in no wise seem to be deduc'd from Spittle For that we transfer not hither more Arguments from what is now said of Lympha although somtimes for that is not perpetual a little before the Feverish Fit or together with its Beginning the Spittle is observd to flow more plentifully or slowly unto the Mouth notwithstanding the same Spittle is not noted to be such that the molesting Symptoms of every Intermitting Fever I say not all but even the most frequent may folidly be ascribed to it The Spittle is not always I say carri'd which if so should wholly be carri'd in the time of Intermission more slowly to the Mouth and more plenteously while the Fit begins or molests and somtimes the contrary somtimes neither happens But the Vitiations which are found in the Spittle do nothing less then testifie the primary but rather the secondary Vitiation of Spittle as it will more evidently appear from what is to be said hereafter 58. IV. Any Man may easily think that Intermitting Fevers as Intermitting are to be deduc'd from the Juice of the Pancreas who shall observe with an attentive Mind all and every of the Requisites noted in Sect. 46 c. to produce them to concur here and only here 59. For 1. This Juice is carri'd from the very Pancreas in such a Part which by its Vessels and proper Passages as it is said in Sect. 50. mediatly communicates with the Right Ventricle of the Heart 60. 2. The same Juice is carri'd by such Vessels to wit the Lateral or Side Passages in one or more wherof it may be so infected and afflicted by an External Cause that it may suddenly be stopt in some part in its motion and hindred for a certain time least it should continually go to the Heart 61. And that falls out as oft as Phlegm which uses to be much gatherd and accumulated in the Small Gut is dissolvd either by Heat of Air or a vehement Motion of Body or Watchings prolongd or Care of Mind or Anger continu'd or Meats Sauces or sharp Medicins or else by any other Cause and then being mixt with the Blood is carri'd together with it all over to all parts of the Body and being joind more or less every where with all the Humors is carri'd with the same in their Vessels Whence as in other places so in the Lateral Passages of the Pancreas I mean the strait ones the same Phlegm thickens stops the same Passages and hinders that the Juice standing still there cannot go into the Middle and Greater Passage and so forward for some sudden External Cause which is apt to Coagulate Phlegm as Air frozen or blown with chill Winds or with any Blast causing cold Rain or any Water touching the Body and afflicting it with its coldness Drink of any cold Liquor especially when taken in a large quantity A sudden and especially unexpected Terror and great Grief of Mind c. 62.
Viscous Phlegm that stuck in the Passages of the Pancreas Which any that seriously weighs and examins the special and commonly call'd Specific Medicins for happy curing of Intermitting Fevers will easily acknowledg 75. As oft as Intermitting Fevers are not ended suddenly and by Medicins us'd by art or chance or by the Non-natural Things not naturally us'd and exceding custom but vanish away slowly and almost insensibly so oft if any observe all which befal the Sick he will find that the reason of this Solution is wholly to be ascrib'd to the same Non-natural things and somtimes to Medicins but very moderat ones and therfore such as do slowly and less observably produce this worthy Effect 76. Having now fully proved the rise of Intermitting Fevers as Intermitting from the Juice of the Pancreas Obstructed and Standing still in its Lateral Passages the next thing in course is that we deduce all the Symptoms in Fevers though never so different if notable both from the same and also from other Humors join'd with it and so prove and confirm our Opinion of Fevers and their Rise at least in part as we hope already prov'd 77. The Juice therefore of the Pancreas being made more sowr then naturally it is by its above-nam'd Obstruction and poured out into the Cavity of the small Gut after it has pierced through the obstructing Phlegm forth-with rises up against Choler meeting it and so raises an Effervescency with it sharper then usual and indeed varying according to the variery of Phlegm also adjoining 78. For so long as that Acid Juice by the help of Phlegm over-powers Choler it produces Coldness â—â—â—fâ—â—â—nt very much in many Circumstances 79. For 1. most frequently there is vehement Cold i◠〈◊〉 Râ—â—iâ—â— of the Loins where there is a conflux of the three fore-mentioned Humors in the Small Gâ—tâ— when the aforesaid Juice is more Acid and 〈◊〉 is not very viscous by which piercing the Tâ—nicle of the Guts it afflicts them with Coldness 80. 2. In the same Region of the Loins there is little or no Coldness felt when the Phlegm of Spittle is very Viscous and hinders the piercing of the Juice of the Pancreas to the Tunicle of the Gut whence Coldness molests one while in the middle of the Belly to wit about the end of the small Gut another while in the extreme parts of the Body only 81. 3. Coldness seems chiefly to molest in the Inner Parts of the Head when it abounds with a Phlegmatic Humor to which the Acid Juice or its Vapors joining manifest themselves there more then elsewhere and so torment the Sick whilst a Destillation of Rheum does assault and attend 82. 4. By these same Vapors if more gentle and also by the mixture of Phlegm of the Guts becoming more flatulent and going to the Lungs there are raisd in the beginning of most of the Fits Yawnings as also Gapings Vnquietness and weariness of the Lims by the same dispersd through the Habit of the Body 83. 5. At other times these over-sharp Vapors being less mixt with Phlegm but different in degrees of Acrimony do produce somtimes a Shivering somtimes a Stifness 84. 6. These same Vapors when they are more Acrimonious do breed Gnawing Pricking and so Griping Pains of the Belly as when they have much Phlegm mixt with them they then breed more weighty and beating Pains 85. 7. These same Vapors being both flatulent and acrimonious cause the Pulse in the beginning to be more frequent because of their Irritating the Heart when they come thither which by Degrees grows Lesser when Cold increasâ—s by reason of the increasd Acidity in these Vapors that arise the Blood being more coagulated and so less fit for its rarefaction Whence no wonder if beside all this the Pulse be made Weaker together with the whole Animal Motion which therfore can scarce or not at all be observd whil'st Coldness doth molest 86. But where all the Juice of the Pancreas becoming sharper by the Obstruction is effus'd into the Small Gut and Choler getting dominion again becoms sharper either by it self or is made sharper by reason of the vitious Effervescency made with the aforesaid Juice the Vapors which are then raisd for the most part more Choleric 1. do usually cause an Anxiety about the Midrif and somtimes a Queasiness and Vomiting or besides a Loosness of which we intend to speak more largely hereafter 87. 2. These same Vapors being very Choleric and partly rising up to the Ventricle and hence up to the Jaws partly passing through to the Heart and Lungs do provoke Thirst 88. 3. Likewise when Choler hath gaind dominion in the Heart the Blood by degrees rarefies more and the Pulse becoms greater and stronger although the former frequency remains which is increasd by an irritation of the Acrimony of Choler and the rarefaction of Blood at the Heart 89. Though chiefly the Heat and Burning in the Heart and thence in the whole Body is encreasd by Choler successivly over-ruling 90. And no Wonder if then 5. a driness of the Tongue do accompany such a Heat seeing Vapors effus'd out of the Blood and carri'd into the Lungs through the sharp Artery do dry the same 91. Neither is it a wonder if 6. Breathing be more difficult and encreasd seeing the Blood is much rarefi'd 92. As also if 7. Heat Pain and Pulsation of the Head chiefly do vex the Sick seeing no part of the Body hath so many Arteries and receivs so much Blood as the Head in which Region of the Temples the same Pulsation is felt more troublesom then elswhere because of the remarkable winding clefts of the Brain through which great Arteries are carri'd 93. Neither Wonder if 8. Watchings and somtimes a Raving do so frequently molest for then of necessity the Animal Spirits are vitiated and mov'd troublesomly and hindred of natural Rest or at least Tranquility wherfore the empty Mind of the Sick is disturbd and oft distracted 94. And after the preternatural heat and fury of Choler made sharper by the Juice of the Pancreas also sharpned after the same manner by its Obstruction begins to remit and the Humors are dispos'd to serenity and former tranquillity of the whole Body which during the troublesom Fit were more confus'd one with another do now sensibly separate and loosen from one another again yea some of them also are voided by Vrin or Sweat together with Drink taken pretty liberally 95. And as Watchings molest while the Fit continues so when it declines a pleasant Sleep uses to overtake the wearied and recreat them again 96. Which if the Humors of the Body more closely united separate from one another only in part the Sleep is observd less quiet and grievous with Dreams or Watching which testifies the Diseases rather to encrease then decrease 97. But that we may prosecute in order all the kinds of Fevers mentiond I. Chill Fevers arise from the Juice of the Pancreas over-Acid and joind to Phlegm plentiful and
â—n the Dogmatic and Rational Cure of Intermitting Fevers seeing they are the Cause why Phlegm Obstructing is more or less glutinous why the Juice of the Pancreas is more or less sharp and also why the Fit varies in all its Circumstances and Symptoms 195. For as oft as Choler has dominion in the Body Phlegm is less clammy and the Juice of the Pancreas not so sharp and therfore the Fever will be Cur'd easilier and quicker when rightly cur'd 196. But when Phlegm over-rules the other Humors in the Body the Juice of the Pancreas and Choler and Phlegm it self obstructing more slower in its Cure though easie enough having almost all the Symptoms lighter 197. When a Sowr Humor abounding in the Body excedes the other Humors Choler will be more broken and sluggish Phlegm being somtimes more glutimous and chiefly when the Sowr Humor inclines to tartness and joind more compleatly to the saltish part of Choler and making the serous part Salt like Brine together with Phlegm over-fluid and then the Fever is more slowly and more difficultly cur'd 198. And after what manner we must procede in the Dogmatical Cure of these Fevers so many ways different among themselvs no less confirmd by large Experience then apparent with solid Reason any excelling in Ingenuity as well as Judgment may easily collect from what is said For we bid all that are destitute of such endowments of Spirit to bid adieu to Dogmatical Physic 199. And as Simple so are multipli'd Intermitting Fevers to be cur'd unless the Physician have more need of circumspection here for the Interval of Intermission or Remission and the exact observation of fit Seasons seeing they are somtimes shorter other-times more seldom which being neglected the Cure it self is also commonly neglected or perverted 200. I said the Interval not only of the Intermission but also Remission is shorter as well in Multipli'd as Simple Intermitting Fevers because there is oft observd no full Intermission of a Fever but only a Remission by reason of the Duplication and Multiplication of new Fits in which time those things are chiefly to be done which are or ought be performd with some disturbance of both the containing and containd Body to which Purges and Vomits chiefly belong which unless they be taken in a convenient time they oft hurt much but profit nothing as many Sick do daily experience to their great loss He is therfore truly an Happy Physician whom other mens dangers make cautious CHAP. XXXI Of Synechal or Continual Fevers so especially call'd WE have before in Chap. 27. Sect. 12. taught that there were Fevers that were continually â—ermanent yet having new Fits daily or in the third â—urth or an other day which they commonly and well â—all Quotidian-Continual Tertian-Continual Quarâ—an-Continual c. Fevers seeing that they are comâ—ounded of Continual and Intermitting Fevers concurâ—ing although many Physicians judg and teach otherwise being more attent to the pleasure of their Authors then the Observation of the Sick whence they name them not compounded but singly Continuals 2. For the most part there is no Cold observd in any â—ew Fit because the continu'd Heat of Those without Fits is wont to break and overcome the lesser â—owrness of the Juice of the Pancreas the Acrimony and Oiliness of Choler exceding 3. Yet somtimes either a small Shivering or little Stiffness is perceivd in any Fit that is as often as the over-weak Acrimony of Choler cannot suppress the great Acidity of the Juice of the Pancreas whencesoever arising but it manifests it self at least after a certain manner by cold or a fretting of the membranous parts and a light concussion of the fleshy Pannicle following it 4. For the most part Intermitting Fevers so coupled with Continuals are Tertians seldom Quotidians much less Quartans 5. The notable and most grievous kind of these Tertian Fevers is call'd Causos or a Burning Fever in which a great Heat persevering to the end vexeth and molests the Sick though remitting a little by Intervals and hence again more grievously afflicting And beside that most troublesom Heat Thirst is then wont vehemently to molest the Sick as on the contrary Hunger is wont to be abated Driness and Blackness of the Tongue often attends these with Chops and a filthy Exulceration of the Lips horrible Scabs afterward growing upon them Neither is the grievous Head-Ake unusual in these Fevers together with a Raving vehement enough In some the chief Symptom is a difficult Gnawing of the Stomach very troublesom to the Sick with or without Vomiting The Hicket also grievous to many molests several A Loosness overtakes others or Bleeding at the Nose Also often large Sweats are sent forth together with an intensness of the Fit or Vrin is voided plenteously whence the Bodies of the Sick in a short while suffer a kind of wasting and that Fever is particularly call'd Colliquans 6. In Quotidian Continual Fevers a Bruising Pain doth often enough shake the Loins and Back and Lims of the Sick Yea somtimes with a new Fit of the Fever they also fall into a Swouning or Syncope whence it is then call'd a Syncopal Fever 7. As therfore as well Synochal as Intermitting Fevers so those Compounded of both have receivd a singular denomination from the grievous Symptoms accompanying both among the Common People and among Physicians that practice Physic and in the Cure not without cause attentive 8. The Primary Cause of these Synechal Fevers whereby they molest the Sick with a great and continual Heat is Choler peccant by too much Acrimony and Inflamedness whence it doth not only perpetually raise a vitious Effervescency in the Right Ventricle of the Heart but also in the small Gut and especially the Juice of the Pancreas coming by fits being made too sharp because of its stoppage and producing an obscure fit 9. The chief Cause of the troubles of those Fevers with an almost perpetual Coolness or Shivering is judg'd by me to be the Lympha and especially all the Juice of the Pancreas peccant with a Sowr Acrimony and then continually driving forward Vapors a little Sowr out of the small Gut every way especially at the producing of a new Fit and so stirring up a wandring sense of Cold. 10. The Cause and Reason of the other Symptoms usually accompanying these Fevers may be easily drawn from those things that are spoken in the preceding Chapters so that it is not needful to stay longer on this matter 11. So also the way of Curing Them is not hard to be taken from what is afore-said by following the Cure of Synochals in the most and using moreover those things in a convenient time which will mildly loosen an Obstruction in one or more of the Passages of the Pancreas and correct the Juice it self hitherto too sharp 12. The Opening of a Vein then chiefly conduces when there is exceding Heat and the provoking a Sweat by mild Aromatics and Volatil Salts when there are signs of a Sowr Humor
after the same manner 12. When the Swouning is again loosd and the Sick seem to return to themselv's then the Heart is wont to stir again yea often to palpitate and the Pulse is not only felt by degrees greater and stronger but also more frequent and the External together with the Internal Senses though never so Languishing as yet being by degrees restor'd the anxiety and compression also of the Heart and other Symptoms are observd to be diminisht and at last vanish away unless that Weariness and Tiring of the Vniversal Body depart more slowly 13. The most grievous and singular kind of Swouning is the Syncope in which the Sick fall on a sudden as it were surpris'd with cold Air a sudden and almost unexpected Tinkling in the Ears preceding presently there is no Pulse nor Respiration observd which is proper to the Syncope and most grievous Hypochondriac Suffocation Mean while a cold and glutinous Sweat breaks forth and all the Parts of the Body wax cold and pail yea often Vrin and the Excrements come away so that they are more like dead then living 14. Seeing all these Diseases are manifested by both a Less and more Languishing Pulse you may call to mind what we handled in Chap. 26. of the various Differences of Pulses and their Causes whereby you may the easilier understand that which is chiefly to be observd here to wit that an Universal Languishing and a Swouning and Syncope are the Symptoms of the Vital Function that is next pertaining to Life 15. Seeing therfore that in all the noted Diseases the Pulse is observd both Less and more Languishing then is Natural I think that their Cause is always Glutinousness encreasd in the Blood and the other Humors severd from it and also somtimes an encreasd Acidity in the Juice of the Pancreas Lympha and perhaps also in Spittle it self 16. When the Infant hath got such-like Blood and such-like Humors in his Mothers Womb from over-glutinous Seed of the Parents or at least by the Mothers Blood then he will have an Vniversal Languishing bred with him often occurring in Practice 17. When though the Infant be born in health the Man contracts sooner or later an harm like it in the Blood and all the Humors by degrees from the faultiness of Diet often above noted then that Vniversal Languishing is call'd Acquir'd often obvious in Practice 18. Lastly when too much Glutinousness in the Blood coms or remains after any Disease that rises not slowly but speedily and of late not rightly Cur'd by the fault of the Physician Patient or By-standers then that Vniversal Languishing may be call'd Symptomatical too frequent in Practice 19. I said after a Disease not rightly cur'd by the fault of a Physician Patient or By-standers For the Physician may be deceivd and cure the Patient amiss especially when he is blinded and conceited with Prejudices not enough minding those things that Help and Hurt and had rather his Patient should die then he change his own Opinion though never so erroneous and confuted the condition of the Sick growing daily wors and wors 20. Here also may the Sick be in a fault when he doth not only neglect or despise the safe Counsel of a Prudent Physician but especially is abus'd to his hurt by hurtful things 21. Yea also the By-standers may err when they are not only too indulgent of the morose Sick but moreover disswade them from the best Prescriptions of Skilful Physitians instead of which they dare give them hurtful and forbidden things 22. I added that too much Glutinousness might come to or remain in the Blood and Humors It Comes to the Blood when Medicins that Thicken and Stuff the fluid and thin Humors are too much or too long us'd It Remains in it when Medicins that Cut and Attenuate are not given strong enough or long enough in Diseases arising from the Glutinousness of the Humors 23. When Acidity is joind with Glutinousness of all the Humors encreasd from a great error in Diet in the Liquors of any Glandul's and especially those of the Pancreas then either a Swouning or also Syncope is easily joind to the Vniversal Languishing according as both Errors are lighter or more grievous although it is no new thing that a Swouning but not Syncope is produc'd without a notable Clauâ—â—iness of Humors which I think was scarce ever observd without it but rather Death the External Cause being most grievous as indeed more is requir'd to produce a Syncope then Death 24. Because there is a less Rarefaction of Blood and therfore a less Pulse in an Universal Languishing by reason of the Toughness encrâ—aâ—d of all Humors that constitute or produce the same Blood it becoms of necessity Weaker for unless the Ventricles of the Heart be much dilated they cannot be much nor therfore potently straitned Add that Blood tough and clammy is unsit to breed plenteous and subtil Animal Spirits for which cause also the Pulse will be weaker then is natural 25. The Pulse will also then be more Rare because all the Humors are more Mild shall I say or more Dull and therfore raising a weaker Effervâ—sâ—â—ncy and less provoking the Heart to Contract it self either upon the account of its Acrimony or Effâ—rv scency and so of the Vapors arising unless the Pulse be more stird up in regard of any External Cause 26. And this is the usual Generation of an Universal Languishing but the Production of a Swouning and Syncope Diseases more difficult to be known and explaind as it is usually describd by the Vital Spirits which because it satissies not me I will endeavour to deduce it otherwise by degrees in a few words from their manifest Causes as more known Principles 27. Both a Swouning and somtimes a Syncope is observd to follow 1. Certain Smells inspird with the Air either grateful or ungrateful of themselvs as of Musk Civet Roses Cinamon c. the Smoak of a Candle put out c. 28. 2. The sight of Things or Persons ungrateful and envi'd breeds a Swouning in some 29. 3. The same is observd to be by the Taking in of these things that are any way ungrateful 30. 4. Prolongd Hunger is a common cause of Swouning 31. 5. Among the Passions of the Mind Joy excâ—ling has been observd to produce a Swouning or Syncope and sâ—mtimes Death it self It has been â—â—â—wn that the same has often come to pass by a veâ—â—â—â—◠〈◊〉 A Swouning doth not seem so much 〈…〉 or Anger as that a Man is dispâ—â—â—◠〈◊〉 who will sooner fall into this Evil if he 〈…〉 and sâ—ddenly by both the contrary Pâ—llâ—â—â—â—f the Mind that is if an unexpected and 〈…〉 happens about the same object to one that 〈◊〉 â—â—â—â—ful or fearful if Terrâ—r and Fear and therfore 〈◊〉 râ—â—ulaâ—â— iâ—â—te one that is very Angry 32. 6. 〈◊〉 â—â—ouning or Syncope is wont to come upon a Great Effusion of Blood out of the Nostrils Womb Haemorrhoids or other Vessels opend and
wounded by Art or chance or mischance 33. 7. The same happens to too great an Effusion if Seed coming away either of its own accord or especially by immoderat Venery 34. 8. The same often is after an over-great Evacuation of the Humors by Vomit Stool Urin Sweats c. and especially when it com's with great Pains or a vehement Agitation of Body 35. 9. The same com's to pass when either the Water of Hydropical Persons or Matter in those that have putrefi'd Lungs is pour'd out excessivly 36. 10. The same is observd to come to pass by a Sting or Bite of certain Poisonous Creatures 37. 11. This same Evil accompanies the Fits of certain Intermitting Fevers either soon in the Beginning or often in the Encrease or in its Vigor seldom when it Declines unless perhaps by too large Sweats 38. 12. Somtimes a Swouning comes upon certain very vehement Pains of the Teeth the upper Orifice of the Stomach the Guts Bladder c. 39. 13. The same Swouning oppresses some after too much Motion and extreme Weariness of Body 40. 14. Somtimes a Swouning is produc'd by a great Heat either of the Sun or Fire or Bath or Fever 41. 15. Nor is it seldom that a Swouning happens by Hunger or Thirst too long and sorely vexing 42. 16. Yea somtimes Swouning happens to certain Women giving Suck by too great loss of Milk chiefly depending on the potent sucking of a strong Infant and somtimes by the very grievous Pain of the Clefts of the Paps or otherwise ill-affected 43. From the mention'd and such-like manifest Causes diligently considered and diligently compar'd with those which we have before propos'd we judg every Swouning is to be deriv'd next and immediatly from the Blood it self coming from both parts to the Heart and all those which are joind both according to and beside Nature and are carri'd together with it to the Heart and so disturb and change its natural Effervescency thâ—â— Râ—refaction of the Blood is not only diminisht but the Heart it self is not enough expanded and contracted and the Blood not sufficiently effus'd into the Arteries and therfore the Pulse is felt Less and more Languishing yea somtimes None 44. For if to make a laudable Pulse be requir'd as we think 1. Blood returning from every and both places to the Right Ventricle of the Heart 2. Choler Joind to the ascending Blood 3. Lympha returning from every place with the Descending Blood 4. A singular Lâ—quâ—r arising and soon after straind through the Lacteal Veins from the conflux of Choler and the Juice of the Pancreas and Spittle in the Small Gut and perhaps 5. Air attracted into the Lungs by Inspiration and nâ—xt in some part of it with the Blood circulating through them whil'st the rest is again thrust one in the Expiration next following and soâ—â—â—inâ— 6. 〈◊〉 although it be not always but 〈…〉 taken in driven to the Heart I say if all tâ—â—â— be requirâ—d to make a laudable Pulse as every on◠〈◊〉 be both present and rightly disppo'd but i◠〈…〉 reâ—f thâ—sâ— be wanting wholly or in part or 〈◊〉 thâ—re in tâ—â—rger â—loâ—ty or come thither endow'd with a â—raâ—gâ—â—â—â—lâ—ity or others go together also not râ—quir'd and therfore necessarily hurtful without dâ—â—â—â— there will bâ— some wrong to the Pulse beside the spâ—â—â—ng of the â—â—â—ctions wont to be in the Heart 45. And to remain in our present business 1. the Pulse will be deficient more or less in greatness and strength by an Universal Defect of Blood after a notable Haemorrhagie or Hunger much prolong'd whence the Blood will not only be deficient but other Humors also in the Body Choler the Juice of the Pancreas Lympha and the rest that are necessary to make the Vital Rarefaction of Blood and so the Pulse great 46. 2. The same Pulse will be deficient in Greatness and hence in Strength by the defect of Choler in a great Loosness and Vomiting and especially the Disease Cholera whence if Choler be carri'd to the Heart in a lesser quantity and at length perhaps none is it a wonder if a less or no Effervescency be sâ—ird up in It if there be a less or no Rarefaction of Blood if a less or no Expansion and Contraction of the Ventricles of the Heart follow and the Pulse be felt either Less or None 47. 3. The same Pulse will be Deficient in Greatness and hence in Strength by the Defect of Lympha with too Great a Sweat with which that the Lympha is also diminish beside the Animal Spirits Acids no less then Spiritous Volatil Medicins much recreating and restoring those that Sweat seem to evince By the defect of Lympha somwhat Sowr the Mean Consistency of Blood and its Effervescency will be deficient whence it will neither enough rarefie in the Heart nor will its Explication and Complication be great enough whence the Pulse will also be observd of necessity Less then is Naturally 48. 4. The same Pulse will be Deficient in Greatness and hence in Strength by the Defect of the Liquor arising from the Three-fold Sway in the Guts in a troublesom Vomiting and Loosness especially continual For this being in part or wholly excluded the Blood will necessarily want its benefit we judg in an other place that it conduc'd to procure the natural Coagulation of Blood if therfore the Blood be more or less destitute of it and is not repaird continually for want of this as is newly said the Blood will be less apt to rarefie and open the Ventricles of the Heart and the Pulse will necessarily follow a Less 49. 5. The same Pulse will be Deficient in Greatness and hence in Strength by the Defect of Air to be Inspir'd in any straitness of the Mouth and Nostrils or Jaws or sharp Artery for which the Air coming in less plenty cannot bestow the desired coolness on the Blood or any other Change wherfore the Blood being driven through the Lungs more slowly and not making a sufficient place for the new Blood following out of the Right Ventricle of the Heart hinders the Contraction of the Heart and is the Cause of the Pulse hitherto Less 50. 6. The same Pulse will be deficient in Greatness and hence in Strength by the Defect of Chyle both in a preposterous Hunger whether voluntary or compeld and in the Fermentation of Food or Separation or Transcolation or Conveyance any way hindred For unless Food be taken daily and especially in the accustomd time by which the Chyle drawn from it may be carri'd to the Heart the Blood continually lost will not only be unrepaird but the Humors flowing together in the Heart and Small Gut will act too much or amiss upon themselvs and the rest of the Blood and somtimes will make the Blood more or less consistent and hitherto unfit to the due or sufficient Rarefaction of it self and the Explication and Complication of the Ventricles of the Heart whence there will necessarily follow a Less
and Weaker Pulse 51. The Pulse will be Less and more Languishing not only by the Defect but somtimes also the Excess of the fore-nam'd Humors For 1. the abundance of Blood call'd a Plethora hinders that the Blood by the defect of space and place cannot be expeld plenteously into the Arteries nor therfore the same be much and enough rarefi'd in the Right Ventricle of the Heart nor that the sides of the Heart can be much unfolded and again folded 52. Yea 2. Choler being carri'd in a greater plenty to the Heart especially in Burning Fevers doth not only rarefie the Blood more then is wonted and too potently with an over-great and strong Pulse but after it has at length filld all the spaces of the Vessels in that too great rarefaction by distending them and constituting the Plethora at or in the Vessels so call'd or to be call'd however it keep the hurtful Heat yet it cannot for want of Space spread out the Blood as before and produce a Great and Strong Pulse which is rather observd Less and Weaker gradually by the deficient Rarefaction of the Blood and the Explication and Complication of the Ventricles of the Heart till by any effusion of Blood there is a new Place prepar'd to receive the rest more rarefi'd together with a greater and stronger Pulse soon concurring 53. 3. The Lympha somwhat sowr if it com's in too great plenty to the Heart will also make the Pulse Less and so more Languishing because it will give a more firm and solid Consistency to the Blood then that it can be duly and enough rarefi'd sufficiently to dilate the Ventricles of the Heart whither a notable constriction may succede altogether necessary to make a Great and Strong Pulse 54. 4. The same is to be said of that Three-fold Liquor of the Small Guts if especially its office be to give to the Blood a natural coagulation depending on a somwhat tart sowr Liquor For when this is encreasd the Coagulation also of the Blood will be encreasd on the contrary its fitness to rarefie will be diminisht the Pulse will be diminisht and will also become Weaker 55. Seeing that a great plenty of laudable Air drawn into the Lungs cannot but be useful a Lesser or more Languishing Pulse cannot be expected nor derived from it 56. Yet 5. may the Pulse become Less and Weaker by Chyle carri'd to the Heart after any manner in a greater plenty in as much as it fills the Vessels of blood too much both effects encreases a Plethora 57. If both the Blood and other mentiond Humors carri'd with it to the Heart could produce a Less and more Languishing Pulse the quantity being either deficient or exceding certainly they will no less perform the same when they are peccant in an hurtful quality For 1. the Blood either too fluid or solid is unfit for its laudable Rarefaction which being deficient we have often already shown you that a Less and more Languishing Pulse follows 58. So 2. Choler Glutinous and not sharp enough will less effervesce and more sparingly send forth fiery parts whence the Blood will less rarefie and at length the Pulse will be Less and Weaker 59. 3. Lympha either too Sowr or Tart will not only render the Blood more glutinous and so less fit to rarefie but moreover will not only blunt Choler and its fiery parts whencesoever breaking forth and so will give occasion both for a Less and more languishing Pulse 60. 4. You may think and speak the same of the fore-namâ—d Three-fold Liquor either too sowr or Tart. 61. 5. The North and sharper Air conduceth much to coagulate the Blood much and hinder its Rarefaction 62. If 6. Food too Sowr or Tart be taken in the Chyle will also be made like it from which the noted inconveniences may be expected with a Less and Weaker Pulse 63. A Less and Weaker Pulse is caus'd also by other Things carried to the Heart beyond the Laws of Nature when the Humors are either corrupt in the Body or Vapors or Wind raisd by them or Poison piercing in at the Mouth Nostrils or Pores of the Skin or any other way into the Body come to the Heart together with the Blood and either too much loosen or dissolve or too much coagulate or curdle the Blood or render it unfit any other way for its due Rarefaction as we have before explaind at large 64. And that we may more closely apply all that we have hitherto premis'd to a Swouning and Syncope and deduce more clearly the Nature and Generation of both Diseases because in both the Pulse is not only observd Less and Weaker or None but the Animal Functions also Sense and Motion are not a little weakned let us see if and how so divers Diseases can be produc'd of one and the same Cause 65. The Symptoms therfore which are wont to be common to each Disease are to be considerd and distinguishd from those which are peculiar to a Syncope for a cold and glutinous Sweat breaks forth in a Syncope but not in a Swouning in which not so much as Coldness of the Vniversal Body is always observd although it be constant with a Syncope but the other Symptoms are often wont to be noted in each Disease Whence it is manifest that these Diseases do partly differ in degrees partly somthing more grievous uses to accompany a Syncope continually 66. If any examin with an attentive Mind all the Symptoms fore-mentiond as also the External or Manifest Causes and compare them with those which we have now deduc'd largly of a Less as well as Weaker Pulse he may easily conclude that each Disease and especially a Syncope do's chiefly arise from a sowr Liquor carri'd in a more large plenty to the Heart which obtains rule in the Blood not neglecting in the mean while the Glutinousness of several Humors 67. That this may be more evident we are pleas'd to weigh both the noted Symptoms and the mentiond Causes in order and for Younger Physitians sake especially Learners build all things on a sowr and glutinous Humor abounding 68. We have said the Sign of a Swouning at hand is for the most part 1. a Cardialgie or Tickling in the upper Orifice of the Stomach And what is more apt to stir up each of these Diseases than a sowr Humor Which if it be milder and ascend to the upper Orifice of the Stomach in the form of a Vapor will only tickle and gnaw the said part but if it be too sharp will bite the same and cause a troublesom Pain known by the name of Cardialgie 69. We added 2. that somtimes a Compression and Gaping of the Heart precedes Although the Compression of the Heart is caus'd by a Phlegmatic Humor both plenteous and glutinous and gaping from Flatulent Vapors yet because these Diseases are observd not to urge the Sick so perpetually as to infest them before the Swouning suddenly to follow therfore we must acknowledg
All which ought to be dissolvd in convenient Liquors and often given to the Sick For Example out of parts of Plants only â„ž Mint Fenel Water of each â„¥ i. Scurvygrass Water Aqua Vitae of Matthiolus of each â„¥ ss Laudanum 2 grains Syr. of Mint â„¥ i. distild Oil of Cloves and Mace of each 2 drops M. 115. Let none wonder that in the propos'd Mixture to be taken often by Spoonfuls I add Laudanum seeing we have often before assorted that Opium hath an exceding power to hinder and mitigate the vitious Effervescency of Sharp Humors both in the small Gut and in the Heart and elswhere without which Effervescency hurtful and somwhat Acid Vapors and such as cause the Diseases which are now to be Cur'd are not wont to be raisd 116. Several things prepar'd and very efficacious of the parts of Living Creatures may be added to the foresaid Mixture or one like it as the Tincture of Castor the Salt Spirit of Salt Armoniac or Vrin the Volatil Salt and Oil of Blood Bones Horns Hoofs c. the Ods should be rectin'd and not ony be freed in part from the smatch of the Fire but moreover be made more piercing and more potent Which Rectification is commodiously done with Spirit of Wine Tartarizâ—'d 117. The newly mentiond Volatil Salts and Oils may be given in a Spoonful of any Liquor Water Wine Beer Broth c. 118. None but he who has tri'd will be easily perswaded of the wonderful efficacy of the aforesaid Medicins and their exceding power not only in preventing but moreover in diminishing and soon curing Swounings and the Syncope For these Remedi's may be us'd not only before the Fit or when it coms but when it molests by warily pouring in a little of them into the Mouth and by applying or anointing the Nostrils with them For their volatil force is every way disperst and piercing to the inmost parts is easily joind to its like that is Volatil Vapors and alters changes tempers and corrects them so that they cease not only to provoke or pull the Sensible parts or affect them with a sense of Coldness but chiefly too much to condens the Blood and so far to cloud Life and almost blot it out with their Acidity 119. Others also may be us'd when a Swouning or Syncope urges as is usual which may stir up any External Senses such as are Frictions of the External Parts Shoutings Application of Sharp Things about the Nostrils and Mouth of Vinegar Rhenish-Wine Cinamon-Water Aqua Vitae of Matthiolus the Apoplectic Antepileptic Treacle c. Waters Manifold Fuming as well moist as dry Vinegar alone or joind with Cinamon Cloves or others Amber Partridg-Fethers and such-like well enough known by the common People 120. When the Fit is ended either of its own accord or by Art the Strength both Animal and Vital for the most part prostrated is to be recreated by Spiritous as well as Aromatic Medicins For the Animal Strength is wont not a little to languish afterward whether or no because the Spirits are not bred in the Brain during the Fit yet are they restor'd forth forth with strong Wine or its Spirit sparingly us'd 121. And Aromatics use to repair the Vital Strength so call'd whether or no because they do more agree with Choler which is not a little broken and weakned both in the small Gut and in the Heart by Acid Vapors If therfore some Aromatics be joind with Wine or the Aromatic Spirit of Wine be us'd both Faculties being Debilitated may be helpt by one and the same Work For Example â„ž Betony-Water â„¥ ii Aqua Vitae of Matthiolus â„¥ i. Confection of AlkermesÊ’ i. Syr. of Burrage â„¥ i. M. to be us'd often by Spoonfuls CHAP. XXXV Of the Palpitation of the Heart 1. THe Palpitation of the Heart is deservedly referd to its Motion and Pulse deprav'd against Nature which I think is to be estem'd its Convulsiv Motion seeing it is indeed an inordinate forct and often also vehement Motion of the Heart For there is not always a notable vehemency whence the Palpitation of the Heart uses to differ much in degrees 2. This inordinate Motion of the Heart may be manifested by the Pulse of the Arteries in part and after a certain manner yet not plainly and fully whence there is need that for the most part the Hand should feel under the left Pap although in a vehement Palpitation of the Heart the same Motion may be seen as also heard often at a notable distance 3. For it happens somtimes that there is such a vehement Palpitation of the Heart and such a smiting of the Ribs that they are broken by it or driven forth in younger and more tender People and remain sticking out 4. There are also as we hinted before some degrees in the Palpitation of the Heart upon the account of its greater or less vehemency whence somtimes it will not be manifest unless you apply your hand to the Brest somtimes it is soon manifest to Seeing and also Hearing 5. I take the Cause of the Palpitation of the Heart to be whatsoever is apt to stir it up to the inordinat and somtimes also vehement Contraction of it self without intermission whether it be containd within the Ventricles of the Heart or in its Substance or it be without the Heart yet continually pulls bites or pricks it for a time or always Whence a certain Palpitation of the Heart is noted perpetually troubling the Sick another urging for the time and again urging or wholly departing 6. Whatsoever is effus'd out of the Veins and Eâ—â—lets into the Ventricles of the Heart and is again soon expeld by its Contraction into the Arteries becoms somtimes the Cause of a Greater or more Potent Pulse but not of Palpitation to produce which there is need that its Cause should stick to or in the Heart and continually provoke it to Contract it self which therfore will be both inordinat and unequal and besides together vehement 7. Now having examind and weighed those things which I have both observd in the Sick troubled with a Palpitation of the Heart and also seen noted of other Physicians I judg this Palpitation of the Heart for the most part arises from Humors or Wind very Viscous and together Sharp carri'd to the Ventricles of the Heart and sticking in them and continually provoking the Heart to an inordinat and unequal Contraction of it self 8. These Humors and Wind may be more frequently carri'd out of the small Gut to the Heart whether they be driven forward of their own accord being mov'd by their vitious Effervescency or being stird up are carri'd by a more stird Motion of Body especially in their ascending a steep place or a grievous Passion of Mind Anger Fear Sorrow or Joy or be in like manner constraind or urg'd by an External Cause as the Heat or sharp coldness of Air by sweet or sowr Food by a potent and that somtimes sweet other times
more swiftly and potently to a certain and determind Part because of Blood effus'd out of the same yet not in too great or high a quantity because where this happens the rest of the Blood is carri'd thither yea is so carri'd out that by its defect the Vital Fire is diminisht in the Heart and the Blood deficient and little however rarefi'd there can less open the Ventricles of the Heart and therfore can less provoke its Musculous Substance to contract it self therfore the Blood is less driven every way and at last fails unless Life be speedily helpt after a Universal Languishing 12. The Blood effus'd flows into the Substance of the Parts or Cavities of the Body and is gatherd there out of the Arteries any way internally opend and lying open as the same flows out of the Body and Arteries hurt about the superficies of the Body 13. A Plethâ—ra at the Vessels for its Causes argues an healthy Constitution of the Body and a more liberal use of the best Food a Mind void of Cares little Exercise of Body much sleep and such-like 14. We have spoken of the Causes and Cure of Blood less apt to rarefie in Chap. 34. where you may see them which make hither 15. We must speak elswhere of the Rising Causes and Cure of several Tumors and of an Obstruction of the Vessels of Blood and its Causes Effects and manner of Curing it we intend to propose more in Chap. 40. 16. Of Fevers as also a Palpitation of the Heart we have professedly treated before but of the several Differences and Causes and Cure of Wounds perhaps we may comment elswhere God willing 17. We will therfor admonish only one thing among many that make for a Cure of the noted Diseases from the Flowing of Blood through the Arteries deprav'd of Curing a Plethora at the Vessels so call'd soon and safely to wit that it may be absolvd by a sufficient letting Blood out at an opend Vein where I would have you observe that according to the proper Constitution of every one to be Cur'd the Blood be let out at one or more times and that somtimes in a greater somtimes in a less plenty 18. The Encreasing of the same Plethora may be prevented 1. by diminishing the quantity of Food which is of much and laudable Juice and by substituting in its place Food of more difficult Fermentation and that which contains less of a nourishing Juice 19. 2. By daily exercising and wearying the Body more 20. 3. By withdrawing by little and little somthing from Sleep 21. 4. By calling into use and Encreasing Cares and serious Occupations of the Mind which ought not to be too much vexing 22. 5. When by these means the too great encrease of Blood cannot yet be enough hindred endeavour must be us'd that moreover the Blood nevertheless more encreasd should be diminisht in time by opening a Vein CHAP. XXXVII Of the Nourishment of all the Parts deprav'd and in especial of Atrophia or Pining 1. THe general Vse of Blood carri'd to all and every of the Parts is their Nourishment or repairing of the Particles by degrees departing from them and perishing as also in Youth their Encreasing to a decent bulk and bigness 2. This Nourishment and Eucreasing of all the Parts is deprav'd somtimes either Vniversally or Particularly and that often according to the Flesh of the Muscles and Fatness seldom according to the Substance of the Bowels and Bones 3. This Depravation happens when 1. that Nourishment is Deficient in an Atrophie or Pining 2. when it is too Much specially in Fleshiness or Fatness 3. When it is Vnequally or Evilly in a Cachexie Anasarca Leucophlegmatia Rickets c. 4. In this Chapter we will Treat of an Atrophia or Defect of Nourishment in the following of the rest 5. The Nourishment of the Body is wont to be Deficient manifestly as is said upon the account of Fatness and the Musculous Flesh and not upon the account of Gristles Bones or the Substance of Bowels 6. When Fatness only is consum'd and is not equally repaird 〈◊〉 may be call'd Leanness when the Flesh is together diminisht and is not restor'd Pining Neither is it a new thing to observe Men whose Fat only decays but somtimes also those whose Flesh perishes more then their Fatness 7. This double Atrophia is often Vniversal through the Universal Body but not so often Particular and in some determinate Parts only especially in the Lims 8. This Atrophia happens often by the Fault of Blood seldom by the fault of the Part affected 9. The Atrophia happens by the fault of Blood when it is either deficient in the Universal Body or some part or is unfit to repair the Parts that grow lean 10. Blood is Deficient in the Vniversal Body both because of a voluntary or forc'd Hunger by any kind of notable Effusion of Blood by the defect of convenient Food by too much Motion of Body by Watchings too long continu'd by permanent Cares by too much and too long heat of Air and because of a Loosness prolong'd 11. The Blood is usually Deficient in some Part because of its hindred Flowing unto or into It and so the Cutting or Compression whatsoever of the Arteries tending to it by the Vnjointing of the Bones hard Tumors Bonds c. 12. The Blood is unfit to nourish and repair the Body Containing and its Parts more or fewer because of a vitious Quality or Vitious Salt Viscous Purulent c. Humors mixt with it 13. The Blood oft retains a vitious quality after great Symptoms and Diseases gone before Burning Fevers the Dysenterie c. or as yet present an Hectic Fever either single or Tisical Wasting and slowly or suddenly consuming the Body Although I then think the vitious Humors are to be considerd which produce the noted Fevers and do moreover vitiate the Blood and make it unfit to nourish the Body especially Matter infecting and corrupting the Blood in a Tisic 14. We have in several places and still intend to propose in this Treatise the rising of Vitious Salt Viscous Purulent c. Humors whence they may be sought 15. Pining happens by the fault of the Parts to be Nourisht when they suffer some harm by what Cause soever and especially External and Accidental to wit by a Chance Contusion great Wound c. whence the Vessels carri'd through Them are not only burst or cut but the Flesh it self and the Membrans c. are wasted and vitiated wherfore the Blood is not only deficient but the Food also coming to them is corrupted 16. The Cause of Pining which some seek or place in the Defect of the Radical Moisture or Inbred Heat or the Inward Temperament chang'd into too hot and dry I think is to be sought and found in Choler Lympha and also Spittle and the Juice of the Pancreas not feignd and commented and so Chimaerical but actually existing observd by many and sensible Humors but after
of Blood is faulty both by the Natural Humors concurring to the Constitution of the Blood in the Heart but having a vitious quality and by the Non-Natural Things so call'd vitiating some of the nam'd Humors and Blood it self and so corrupting them that an ill Nourishment of the Body follows 6. The Natural Humors that are wont to be confus'd with the Blood and hitherto known are Choler and Lympha of the Conglobated Glandul's and the other Parts of the Body as also Spittle and the Juice of the Pancreas joind together with Choler in the Small Gut and compounding a singular Liquor to be mixt with Lympha and so the Animal Spirits returnd any way to the Blood all which I scarce think that any verst though but a little in the Art of Physic and addicted to the Truth can deny to be affected with a vitious quality and to communicate it self with the Blood 7. We have noted several Depravations of these before and shall yet relate more whence they may be requir'd that make hither 8. As several Depravations of Humors are somtimes by degrees insensibly produc'd in the Body so the same are somtimes bred suddenly and sensibly by the Non-Natural Things or others to be noted with the name of Poison peccant in a notable excess and very much troubling or corrupting all things in the Body 9. The Depravations most frequent and manifest are Acrimony both Acid and Salt-like Pickle and somtimes a Lixivial Salt and too much Viscousness or Fluidity the Causes of which and manner of breeding we have often propos'd and explaind before whither we remit the Studious Reader lest being too oft spoken it be tedious to the Nice 10. The reason of the mentiond Symptoms will easily be known to any that thinks oft and weighs that as oft as the Blood whence-soever hath been made Vitious and producing a Cachexie so often all the nam'd Humors seeing they arise from the Blood are also bred faulty whence likewise not only both the Appetite of Food is deprav'd but moreover their Fermentation wherfore Anxieties about the Midrif and a pressing Pain of the Heart follow as well before as after its being taken in 11. But when part or the whole Mass of Food ill Fermented is driven forward through the small Gut the Juice of the Pancreas and Choler which are confus'd with it being alike vitious do not only corrupt the expected Separation of useful and unuseful parts but also here happens a vitious Effervescency of these Humors yea often manifold Vapors or Wind being raisd out of that vitious Mixture do not only encrease the fore-describ'd Anxiety but carri'd to the Heart do breed its Palpitation and carri'd to the Lungs make a difficult Breathing and driven every way breed the noted Weariness 12. From the same Vitiousness of all the Humors a Continual and Slow Fever depends in as much as they raise a vitious Effervescency in the Right Ventricle of the Heart among many other Symptoms they likewise make the Pulse more Frequent then is wont and so preternatural 13. And seeing the Sick through unquietness often lay their Bodies bare that were coverd with Cloaths it easily happens that Phlegm being carri'd through the Vessels of the Pancreas is coagulated there and breeds an Obstruction by which the Juice standing still may be the Cause of a manifold Intermitting Fever and it will be sooner and easier if the Body run down with Sweat and the Pores of the Skin are open or the Air be colder and sharper 14. Vrin comes away Crude and less Colourd or Thick because of the Humors mentiond over-sharp incorporating with the Blood or Watry abounding which diminish the desired Effervescency so that the Separation much less Excretion of the Excrementitous Parts to be voided together with Urin being requir'd and useful doth not follow And as then all the Parts are ill Nourisht so the Skin of the Face expos'd to the Air and Sight before all others gives signs of its harm by Heat according to the variety of several Humors most peccant 15. When the Acrimony of the Humors concurs then is it manifested internally with Pains or externally with Pimples 17. When the vitious Humors abound together in Plenty then several kinds of the Dropsie at length succede if not the Universal Body grows Lean by degrees 18. The Cachexie which in special happens to Women because of their Monthy Courses flowing less commodiously or in due season God willing we intend to give the Reason and Generation therof in the Third Chapter of the Third Book 19. From wâ—at has been said here and elswhere the pâ—â—â—â—ction of every Hypochondriac and Scorbutic Cachâ—â—ie may â—â—sily be deduc'd by a Judicious and 〈◊〉 â—â—â—us Physician â—â— And that we may pass on to the Cure of the 〈…〉 kâ—ow that if any where then for certain 〈◊〉 his Gâ—lden Precept is to be observd accuratly propos'd in the following Distich Principiis obsta sero Medicina paratur Cum mala per longas invaluere moras Resist beginnings late is Physic us'd When the Disease delaid is deep infus'd For unless the Cachexie be helpt in time it becoms oft by degrees so stubborn and rebellious that it can be cur'd only late or never Therfore are the Sick and their Parents or Kindred or Friends to be admonisht by their ordinary Physicians though unaskt so soon as the â—â—gns of a Cachexie beginning manifest themselves in the Colour of the Face chang'd that that Evil as it is in the Proverb be not neglected in the Blade seeing that it is soon wont to take deep root and hard to be rooted out which afterward cannot be overcome unless by an Herculean Labour 21. The Cure of every Cachexie will consist in the Correction and Amendment of the Blood any way vitious Where the kind of the Vitiâ—usness and true Canse is to be observd whether it be one or manifold 22. As therfore this or that Humor is primarily and most peccant after this or that manner and depending on this or that Error committed in the Non-natural Things hath vitiated the Blood and produc'd a Cachexie so are the Medicins to be selected which may mildly and by degrees alter and reduce both the noted Humor and the Blood it self to their natural constitution or if they cannot be clearly and wholly amended yet do they empty out by dâ—grees the same at least corrected after a certain manner mean while not neglecting the Non-natural Things or others producing or cherishing these Evils which unless they be corrected or shund the happy wisht for Cure and laudable Success of what is to be done will be expected in vain 23. You have often told you before by what Medicins and Forms the mentiond Corrections and Emptyings of several Humors may and ought to be perfected where they may be seen 24. We must therfore persevere a while in the Vse of convenient Medicins and especially when the Cachexie has continu'd for a space and fixâ— its growth which
none such is to be expected of perfectly healthy People 20. Therefore the Cause of every Efflux of Blood is any kind of Opening of the Vessels whether it be by too much Distension of the Vessels by plenteous much rarefi'd or retarded Blood or Wind or by the corroding Pain of an Humor stopping either in or out of the Vessels or by an hard and sharp thing wounding or by a blunt thing bruising or if the same happen any other way 21. We intend to speak elswhere of the most Causes and the Cure of Blood Effus'd beside nature out of its Vessels in this Chapter we will prosecute the Essence and Cure of an Inflammation 22. It is requir'd to the Cure of an Inflammation and Aposteme following that 1. The Compression or Obstruction of the Vessels be taken away 2. That the Motion of Blood Stopt and standing still be restor'd 3. That the Blood effus'd out of its Vessels if it can be be removd thence before it turn to Matter 4. That if the Suppuration cannot be removd and so hindred it should be ripend and promoted 5. That the letting out of Matter bred be hastned 6. That the cleansing and consolidation of the Vlcer be most spedily absolv'd 23. I. The Compression of the Vessels by Bonds straitly cast about the parts may be taken away when they are taken away or by an hard Tumor when it is cur'd of which elswhere 24. An Obstruction of the Vessels by Viscous Phlegm or Blood Coagulated in them may be Cur'd by using Medicins that as well internally as externally loosen the Humor peccant and again make it fluid 25. Among Internals Volatil Salts prepar'd of several parts of Living Creatures conduce before all others as having an egregious power of dissolving all things Coagulated and Conglutinated in mans body and of reducing the same to their wonted fluidity and moreover to move sweat which together being mildly promoted that desired and amiable Dissolution of those Gathered together is obtaind much easier sooner and more happily 26. Hence it is that often by one Sweat prepar'd of these mentioned Volatil Salts or such-like given in season a Pleurisy that is an inflammation of the Side has been most happily cur'd without opening a Vein and letting Blood 27. Hence it is that Mixtures prepar'd of such like and us'd by spoonfuls by short intervals in time have cur'd both a Pleurisie and Peripneumonie and Inflammations of other parts soon safely and pleasantly 28. I here set down an example of such a Sudorific Mixture for Younger Physicians sake which â„ž Parsley Hyssop Fennel-water of each â„¥ i. Simple Treacle-water â„¥ ss Sp. of Salt ArmoniacÊ’ ss Laudanum Gr. iv Syr. of white Poppies â„¥ i. M. 29. Instead of Sp. of Salt Armoniac you may add Volatil Salt of Harts-Horn or any other and according to its greater or less Acrimonie add more or less of it to the Mixture which may be taken in a greater or less quantity at every time and the body be kept in a warm place especially in bed to promote the power of the Medicin every way and after that to facilitate a Sweat although there is scarce need to raise a sweat continually seeing it profits not unless in asmuch as the volatil and Salt force of the Medicin pierces easier and sooner to the place affected and Obstructed 30. Crabs Eyes the Jaws of a Pike the Bone of the Heart of an Hart c. may and ought to be referrd to a Volatil Salt seeing they abound with it 31. In this case likewise All fixt Metallic and Mineral Sulphurs conduce wherefore Diaphoretic Antimonie is hither referrd being broucht to some fixtnes although these are here convenient for many causes 32. Nor do the Volatil Salts of Living Creatures alone conduce here but all made of several parts of Scorbutic Plants so calld being sharp emulating their strength such as are the Juices of Hedge-Mustard Scurvie-grass Garden and Water Cresses Dandeleon c. Treacle-Waters c. So that they have power to loosen and dissolv Phlegm Coagulated or Blood Clotterd 33. Among the Externals the compound Oyntment Martiatum and of Marsh-Mallows are convenient c. the Oil of white Lilies Camomile Dill Bay Bricks commonly call'd Philosophers c. which may commodiously be mixt together and be anointed on the external affected part using before or adding often the rectifi'd Spirit of Wine aswel simple as compound and several ways aromatiz'd 34. In this Case also Cataplasms more Dissolving than Mollifying or Ripening may be outwardly apply'd which may Cut and Loosen the Humor Blood or Phlegm Coagulated being prepar'd of the parts of Sharp and Aromatic Plants For example take this following â„ž Onions roasted under the Ashes or in an earthen Vessel and beaten â„¥ ii the Leaves of Hegde-Mustard Chervil Garden-Crâ—sses Elder of each M. ss Meal of Beans Lupins of each â„¥ i. One Swallows Nest Album Grae um â„¥ i. Make it a Decoction in Butter-Milk to the Consistencie of a Cataplasm Apply this Cataplasm meanly warm to the affected part Externally by the help whereof internal Obstructions also may be loosned and Observ as soon as it begins to be dri'd it must be renewd 35. II. Motion is restord to Blood Standing still and stopt in its Vessels for the most part and most happily by Sudorifics sometimes by opening a Vein and Letting Blood 36. By Sudorifics in as much as by their help the Blood becomes not only more fluid and moveable but moreover is mov'd actually being more and more rarefi'd by the Volatil Salt that is in them and again loosens puls asunder and therefore mov's the Blood by degrees more or less clottering only by its stoppage because of it's Acid Spirit 37. Hence it is that the Pulse so continually more Frequent as often together Greater and Stronger is wont to accompany Sweat unless an extreme dejection of Strength concur for then both a Less and more Languishing Pulse is joynd to one more Frequent 38. For when the Volatil Salt of the Sudorifics coms to the right Ventricle of the Heart there the Blood rarefies more and more potently and does not only seek an out-let for it self of its own accord but provokes and forces the Ventricle of the Heart by diâ—ating it more both to a more Frequent and more Valid Contraction of it self and so to the expelling and driving the Blood forward and therefore raises moves and every way puts forward from the Heart the Blood first by degrees deficient in its Motion 39. When that mentioned Power of Sudorifics coms to the place of Obstruction it attempts the Matter obstructing be it what it will and cuts attenuates loosens and makes it fluid whence it is farther driven forward together with it more easily and happily the assault of the Blood coming more potently mov'd and forc'd to it 40. By opening a Vein and letting Blood its Motion is restor'd to the Blood standing still in as much as that which was next is carri'd into the place
more immoderate use of Spiritous Aromatic Liquors may be cur'd partly by bidding adieu by little and little to an immoderat use of these things noted partly by using wisely somwhat Tart Medicins and Sauces 22. 3. The same Exaltation encreasd because of the over Thin and Loos Substance of the Spleen may be Cur'd if possible by both internal and external Medicins somwhat tart oft mentiond by me long enough us'd CHAP. XLIV Of the Generation of Choler deprav'd 1. I Now begin to treat of the Place and Manner of the Generation or Separation as also the Vse and true Manner of the Motion of Choler with the Depravations Causes and Cure of each a matter indeed before all others perhaps even now obscure in Physic and therfore hard and full of differences and contradictions 2. I thought in my 6th Physical Disputation Sect. 36. according to Experiments then known to me that Choler was bred of the parts of Blood most like to it carri'd through the Cystic Arteries to the Bag of Choler and by degrees piercing into the Cavity it self through the Pores of the same Coat and there soon turning into the same nature with the rest of Choler 3. I judg'd the same Choler was driven forward out of its Bag through the Cystic Passage into the Common Passage so call'd hence partly through that of the Guts to the small Gut partly through that of the Liver to the branches of the Port and Hollow Vein thence together with the ascending Blood to the Heart for notable Vses propos'd in the same Disputation and more largely to be propos'd here in these following Chapters 4. Against these my thoughts of the Rising Motion and Use of Choler several things are sought out and invented by divers or occurring of their own accord the experiments and arguments are brought into public the most wherof do not so much evince them of falsity at least as much as I can judg as render them dubious one excepted of which anon 5. Nor is the controversy mov'd against me publicly upon this matter elswhere only by Famous and Learned Men but which you may wonder and at which mine Adversaries rejoice even here by some â—â—â—y Students seeking a little praise in a trivial matter shall I not say singing to themselvs moreover a triumph before the victory is got war was not so much denounc'd against me as brought suddenly upon me not open but coverd and conceald wherby some perhaps did hope that I would be 1st surpris'd before I had notice of the contest approaching and to be undergone 6. But I being only addicted to the searching out of Truth and to promote the common good of mâ—n have learnd also being conquerd to triumph wâ—tâ— the Conquerors I was not in the least afrighted from my purpose with so many troops diversly armd but rather excedingly stirrd up and corroborated in prosecuting the same more cheerfully 7. And although hitherto I did hope that all to whom I have bin in stead of a Parent by a faithful information and manuduction to practice that I do not now mention evident testimonies of my love anâ— benevolence would be mindful of their oath oâ— sponsion solemnly given when they were here madâ— Doctors of Physic being then put in mind agaiâ—â— that they should account Me instead of a Parent anâ— if they thought they had observd any thing less consentaneous to truth or the benefit of mortals in whaâ— I said or wrote that they would courteously tell mâ— of it as I oft desir'd them and mine other Auditors Yet was the contrary done here nay rather theiâ— councils and arts by which some of them did glory that much would be detracted from my reputation whatsoever it was and my fortunes also were made known on what hope of Promotion I understand not sooner to mine Adversaries then to me Therefore I being secure of the good event when it was signifi'd to me by my Friends in the neighbouring Cities and anon by those that livd in tâ—is also careful of me and my reputation so calld in question in what great danger my fame seem'd to many to be brought that Physicians my own Students would carry away the solemn and public desir'd victory of me conquerd and dejected with greater praise of their own name I took care that the following Corollary wherein their chief arguments were containd should be inserted in the Disputation to be held publicly in the Physicians Auditory I being President 8. That neither 1. The defect of a Bag in Hâ—rses Harts and other Brutes nâ—r 2. the insertion of the Cystie Passage with that of the Guts to an obtuse Angle and with that of the Liver to an acute Angle nâ—r 3. the Ligature of the Cystic Passage or the cuâ—ting asunder the Bag and the collection of Choler but mâ—re fluid pale and less bitter then was taken out of the Bag it self in a Glass Vessel fastned to the Passage of the Guts do disprove the Motion of Mans Choler out of its Bag through the Branches of the Hepatic Passage to the Heart 9. Against which Position of mine my noted Academic Students invited to this Banquet disputed sharply in the 15th and 19th day of December 1668. who otherwise then I thought that both the Observations of Anatomists mentiond in the Corollarie all the Rules of Mathematicians about Motion and the subtil Rules of Logicians stood for them and with what success that Fight was carri'd on Learned Men alone then present and void of Prejudices could and ought to judg At least I surviving that Fight am prepar'd to begin another Dispute at any time to search farther the Truth now much latent in this Controversie of the true Motion of Choler be it of what sort soever privat or public honestly to Discourse in Writing or by Word of Mouth with any 10. But that I may more from the beginning repeat this Mâ—tter to a greater illustration of the Truth I confess of my own accord that among the Arguments offerd by many and communicated to me against my Conjectures of the Rising and Motion of Choler I never met with any that much urg'd beside those things which Marcellus Malpighius a Man for many Causes accounted Excellent and not only most diligent in unveiling the Secrets of Nature by Anatomy but most candid and courteous in refuting friendly and mildly even to the Example of others the Opinions of those that think otherwise 11. He from his Experiments which although I my self could not as yet reach by the multitude of business yet take them from so ingenous a Man for true says that the whole Liver consists of manifold Lobes which are joind to certain Glandulous Knobs by which the extreme parts of all Vessels bringing in and carrying out that is to say of the Port and Hollow Veins Hepatic Arteries Nervs and Hepatic Passage of Choler and of the Roots springing from the Bag of Gall are ended all which as being very small Vessels although unperceivable yet seems
44. To which difficulty that I may give satisfaction I Answer 1. that in every Jaundice the Excrements are not equally white and therfore less died with the yellow colour of Choler whence I judg somtimes more somtimes less of Choler is also mixt with the Excrements in the Jaundice by which they are More or less died 45. I Answer 2. that in every Jaundice Choler is not alike evilly affected whence thus far also it may be mixt more or less with the Excrements and die the same 46. I Answer 3. That the Excrements should be rightly died by Choler there is requir'd a previous and sufficient Effervescency of the same with the Juice of the Pancreas because of which its divers parts separate from each other and having a Tincture are joind to the Excrements 47. I Answer 4. If during the Jaundice Choler be more Spiritous and volatil and therfore more fluid and moveable the same may more easily pierce out of the glandulous kernels of the Liver through its smallest Passages to the roots of the Hollow Vein and with the Blood to the Heart chiefly if the Passage of Choler to the Gut being provok'd is more narrowly Contracted or somtimes also Obstructed by the same Choler more spiritous wherfore the assault being made to the Liver Choler may persist in the same its ordinary though great way towards the small Gut being neglected 48. For it may come to pass that if the Passage of Choler to the Gut be not wholly obstructed it may at least be straitned by Phlegm made more viscous chiefly after a grievous Sorrow covering it any way or the same Passage may be irritated to a more strait contraction of it self by Choler made more Spiritous and therfore turgid and effus'd out of its Bag because of which a free passage to the Gut is deni'd it and therefore almost all of it is carriâ—d upward to the Liver through the Passage of the Liver anon being carri'd with the Blood to the right Ventricle of the Heart may be effervescent less then usual with the Descending and Lymphatic Blood and therfore may be more confus'd then mixt with the whole mass of Blood anon every where departing from the Blood may infect all the Parts with its colour and render them less apt for a natural nourishment wherfore either a Pining or Dropsie may by degrees succede the Jaundice unless it be soon cur'd 49. And although I do not think that an Obstruction of the Passage of Choler is necessarily requir'd to breed the Jaundice yet do I not see why it may not somtimes occasion the Jaundice whilst it is its cause by stopping Choler in its natural efflux into the small Gut because Choler staying there may be alterd and if it be lawful to say so may grow spiritous both with a greater access of the Animal Spirit and farther exaltation and attenuation of the parts constituting it 50. This even thence seems to be evident because that an exceding Anxiety is wont to be felt by many in that right hypochondre before they have the Jaundice where the insertion of the Passage of Choler into the small Gut is observd to be somtimes a grievous Sorrow or the abuse of Phlegmatic Food preceeding 51. By Sorrow All the Humors are wont to become glutinous and viscous especially in the small Gut and indeed because of the Juice of the Pancreas thereby made more tart 52. But whence-soever Phlegm becoms glutious and viscous the same is apt to cover and obstruct the Orifice of the Passage of Choler into the small Gut and so hinder the descent and out-let of Choler wherefore a Narrowness will be stirrd up there by Choler putting forth its force against the noted Phlegm and producing Wind out of it whilst the remainder acting upon it self is attenuated becoms Spiritous and at length stirs up the Jaundice 53. From what I have already mentiond methinks I have found and describ'd no improbable manner and account of the breeding of the Jaundice without a necessary Obstruction of the Passage of Choler into the Gut to wit the encreas d Thinness and Spiritousness and therefore unaptness of Choler to be rightly and enough effervescent which I have therfore noted in Choler because it is observd then not so much to be mixt as confus'd with the Blood 54. Let us further see whether the usual and forenoted Symptoms of the Jaundice may be deduc'd from its fore-assign'd Cause lastly whether its noted Cure agree with the same 55. The Cause of a compressive Pain of the Heart is the same which I said in Sect. 52. was the cause of Anxieties raisd about the lower region of the Ventricle in the small Gut Glutinous Phlegm being there gatherd and in part rarefi'd into Wind stretching open vexing and pressing the Containing Parts 56. The Gripings in the right Hypochondre are to be ascrib'd to an Acid Humor of the Pancreas less broken and so more pure by Choler meeting it less and putting forth its harm more potently and pricking and griping the Sensible Parts 57. The Excrements are less died then is wont both by Choler more sparingly approaching it and by the same less effervescent and therfore carrying less of its dying parts to colour them 58. The Sick have less motion to Stool by reason of the same Cause and Choler less sharp 59. The Vrine is obscurely Red by reason of plenteous and deeply colourd Choler mixt with it 60. A different Yellow Colour arises in all but chiefly the most tender part of the Skin such as is that of the Face Neck Hands yea in the whole Flesh from the same Choler less effervescent also in the Heart by reason of its encreasd Spiritousness and more intire Union of its parts therfore less mixing it self with the Blood and rather only confus'd with it and therfore adhering every-where to the noted Parts while it flows through with it and colouring them with its Yellow colour somtimes more pale somtimes more obscure and somtimes inclining to greenness 61. When the Jaundice declines an Itching is felt in the Superficies of the Body by reason of an effervescency every-where raisd again and somwhat sharp vapors thence breaking forth and mildly gnawing the sensible Parts For it cannot be but that a more potent Effervescency then was before of Choler every-where at its meeting with the Juice of the Pancreas and Lympha yea with the Blood it self more sowr then is wont which I remember I have observd in the dissection of one dead of the Jaundice should be stird up after that it is corrected by the use of convenient Medicins not only that which is in its Bag in which much of it is Gatherd but also in the Universal mass of Blood with which it is consus'd as also with all the containing and solid Parts to which it adheres by which therefore Vapors somwhat sharp may be raisd which being carri'd to the sensible Parts and especially the Skin do there cause an Itching 62. What is
it seems to be evident wherein its chief Cure consists and from which or which kind of Medicins it may and ought to be hoped for and expected 81. For the confirmation of this mine Assertion I produce Saffron familiar in the Cure of the Jaundice and which seeing the Fat is commended upon that very account it favours mine Opinion for Saffron is easily joind to a Volatil Spirit by the help wherof there is made an excellent Tincture and Extract by which seeing that besides the Animal Spirits are wont to be brought to rest and tranquillity yea perhaps to sleepiness sleep succeding both mild and somtimes deep enough the whole Matter becoms so much the more manifest 82. Opium it self the most potent Drowsie Allayer of the Animal Spirits is Oily and Fat giving them a slow and difficult Motion yea almost taking it away 83. The Volatil Spirits therfore may be fore'd and bound by Fat and Oily things and brought to rest and tranquillity whence it seems to be evident if as oft as the Animal Spirits joind to Choler in too great quantity or exalted in it that is strengthned in their Power and Efficacy do breed the Jaundice by making it more Volatil and movable so oft the same Jaundice is to be Cur'd its noted volatilness and moveableness being overcom'd by Medicins that are Oily and do mildly procure Sleep 84. This same seem the fixt and Anodyn Sulphurs of Minerals and Metals mildly fixing and quieting the Volatil Spirits to confirm being not without cause much estem'd by the more Skilful Chymists 85. The same Choler more or less corrected is again to be deduc'd to the small Gut by Cholagogues chiefly by the most commonly us'd Rhubarb taken any way wherfore I again mention the Decoction prescrib'd in Sect. 68. 86. IV. The ill-favourd Colour of the Skin somtimes Yellow somtimes of an obscure Green in the Jaundice is of its own accord and by degrees lost and abolisht but is sooner remov'd by subtil Sudorifics having a Volatil Salt in them whether a mild Sweat or none follow For it matters little whether Sweat break forth then also or no seeing that this Choler abiding in any Parts against Nature may be cleans'd by the said Volatil Salts apt to promote a Sweat and may be driven forth with insensible transpiration 87. For Example Let the Party Sick of the Jaundice whose Excrements are of their wonted Colour whose Appetite is restor'd whose Urin is less dyed with a red Colour whose golden Colour in the Skin is no more encreasd but rather a little lessend let him I say use often in a day one Spoonful of this following Potion by which if a Sweat breath forth a perfect Cure may be the sooner expected but if more of a red Matter and a little after setling be rather sent forth by Urin the removing of the vitious Colour from the Skin must be expected more slow yet as good â„ž Water of Grass Wormwood of each â„¥ ii Tincture of SaffronÊ’ iii. Sp. of Salt Armoniac 30 drops Mineral BezoardÊ’ ss Laudanum 4 Gr. Syr. of Fenel â„¥ i. M. CHAP. XLVII Of the Motion of Choler to the Blood through the Liver Deprav'd 1. ACcording to the Ingenious Observations of that Famous Malpighius about the true place of the Separation of Choler which I approv'd of in Chap. 44. I judg'd in Sect. 16 c. of the same Chapter that Choler also was carri'd from the Glandulous Kernels up towards the Heart with the Blood tending thither from the Liver 2. I suppose this Motion of Choler towards the Heart is seldom deprav'd that is remov'd or turnd unless perhaps in the Disease Cholera and why not so often therfore deadly 3. This Rage or Violence downward of the Vniversal at least the most of Choler if ever it have place may be ascrib'd at least in my conjecture to the vitious Effervescency of the Choleric parts of Blood raisd in its Vessels by Summer-Fruits or other such-like hurtful things taken and carri'd to the Mass of Blood because of which if not all then sure the most parts will be hastned to the small Gut and thence expeld with great force partly upward partly downward without a convenient separation of it self in the glandulous Knobs of the Liver unspeakable Anxieties of the Stomach and Gut concurring by reason perhaps of a new Effervescency also vitious and most troublesom made with the Juice of the Pancreas in the small Gut 4. This perverse and partly turnd Motion of Choler cannot be Cur'd unless the vitious Effervescency of Choler both in the Mass of Blood and in the small Gut be allayd yielding to Opiats only as I have said in Chap. 15. Sect. 34. CHAP. XLVIII Of the Mixing of Choler with Blood in the Liver Deprav'd 1. THe same Choler which is thought by me to be sent out of the Glandulous Knobs of the Liver toward the Heart seems first to be mixt with the Blood returning to the Trunc of the Hollow Vein through its Branches implanted in the Liver wherby the Vical Effervescency between the ascending and descending Blood may so be more happily raisd in the Right Ventricle of the Heart 2. This mixing of Choler with Blood seems to be deprav'd 1. when it is more loose and less 2. When it is more intire and greater 3. When it is unequal 3. I scarce think that there can be at any time just no mixing of Choler with Blood 4. I. I judg that Choler is less and more loosly mixt and so rather confus'd with the Blood when it is very Spiritous as in the Jaundice of which we have abundantly spoken in Chap. 46. or very viscous or earthy whence it will be more difficultly slowly and so more imperfectly and less united to the Blood 5. II. I judg that Choler is more and closer mixt with the Blood when it is more salt and sharp and perhaps fatter which seems to be confirmd by Burning Fevers 6. III. Choler is Vnequally mixt with the Blood in the Liver when it is not Homogeneal but Heterogeneal consisting of divers parts some sharper some duller which I think has place in the beginning of the Jaundice and other cases as yet not enough observd for we get different Choler oft enough out of the same Bag. 7. Whilst we here describe Diseases as yet not enough observd and searchd out by Practitioners no wonder if their Signs be as yet uncertain and several other things therto belonging be even now obscure which somtime may be found and determind by the diligence of others mean while we communicate those things which we hope may serve the more happy Wits 8. I. We gave you the Cure of Choler peccant in spiritousness encreasd in Chap. 46. Sect. 73 c. 9. The Cure of Choler peccant in viscousness encreasd may be most happily instituted with a continu'd use of any more sharp Aromatics and Volatil Salts 10. Choler more Earthy and prone to be Lapidescent may be cur'd with the dulcifi'd Spirit
against me will be laid to sleep those Men that may hap to read it will assent to its Truth But as for the Four Champions I say no more than this I shall let their Names die with themselves Two of them are gone already the third I hear is often buried in Ale at a place called The Hole in the Wall and the Fourth hath asked me pardon before Company confessing that he was set on by the Brotherhood of the Confederacy Nor was this All but the Design was followed up and down by slandering that I used dangerous Medicins in regard I had in that Book magnifiâ—d the good Effects of Remedies Chymically prepared and their safety if well made and their force above all other in Curation of the most pertinacious deplorable Diseases of which I have lived to see the World for the most part so abundantly convinced that the more ingenious sort of Mankind have concluded that he who is not well-skill'd in the use of those Remedies is not worth the name of a Physician Insomuch that the wiser Sort of the Opposite Party when some years ago they saw the great Men of the Kingdom disposed and had set their hands to an Instrument for erecting a new Society of Physicians upon the Chymical account they judged it their only Plea to be made use of to divert that hopeful and most necessary Intent to alledge in defence of their Diana that Themselves were Chymists and used Chymical Remedies as much as others arguing thence that it was needless to set up any other Society beside their own Whereupon we may take notice that being then in a fright their allegation implies they were glad to confess the usefulness of that Way which their Predecessors were wont in the time of my Youth when I first came to Practice exceedingly to decry and noted with a black Coal all those that used such Medicins not sparing even the Learned and most Meritorious Men of the Faculty such as Sir Theodore de Mayerne who was Martyr'd once before for a Quack by the Colledge of Paris and here also in England I have known some would then allow him no better a Title to whom I may add that most worthy Man old Doctor Rugeley and might name divers of like worth who did no other than what Greg. Horstius Sennertus Riverius and all Men truly Learned and Wise have done and do that is join the Chymick and Galenick Matter of Medicin both together in their Practice as they see occasion require But as for the Doctrine of Galen and his Way of enquiring into the Vertues of Plants and Animals merely by ponderation and preponderation of First and Second Qualities 't is vain in comparison of the more excellent way which is the examining of their Natures by the Principles and Operations of the Chymists in which number though I be the least of a thousand yet I have a purpose to publish some Essays of my own to discover what may be done by more able Men towards an advancement of Knowledg in the Powers of Plants in the forementiond way for though I have as I said been vilely calumniated yet I think no Man hath at all times made more constant use of Animals and Vegetables in his Practice than I have done as my Bills at the Apothecaries will shew Some years ago there was a more ready Opportunity to scandalise me when my Matter of Medicine being prepared in my own House was kept private to my self and so my Adversaries might maliciously say of it what they would Therefore as soon as I found the Company of Apothecaries had erected a Laboratory at their Hall for supply of their Shops with Medicins of all sorts of the Chymical Preparation so that a Man might be sure upon the Publick Stock and Credit of the Company to be served with them faithfully prepared my Heart rose with pleasure to congratulate them in an Undertaking so necessary for the Kingdom it being the Main Matter wherein their Trade was deficient because what Chymick Medicins were used before to make up the Physicians Prescript were for the most part bought of private Operators of whom we could have no Considence for due Preparation in comparison of what in reason we ought now to have seeing the Security is grounded upon the Reputation of a Worthy Company of this Honourable City who cannot well be supposed to prevaricate for Profit seeing what is done this way is by Common Consent which being well managed will conduce much more to Profit Reputation and Interest to each particular Man in his Shop through the satisfaction which will arise to every Patient by the benefit which is like to answer the expectation of each Family from those Medicins rightly prepared And so from the time that I observed this being to form divers Treatises for Publick View I have cased my self of the Toil I had taken upon me and wholly referred Patients with Bills to receive Medicins dispensed by the Apothecaries Hands And if I have any thing of worth that is my own Peculiar or that I have learnt by rolling about to observe all sorts of Practitioners I freely contribute it in the open way of Practice daily to stop the mouths of lazy proud and malicious Men the greatest part of which are in plain Terms ignorant even of Literature or but Smatterers in it though stiff Pretenders till they hap to be sifted by a compleat Man of Letters So farewel Octob. 13. 1674. Marchamont Nedham An Index of the Chapters Comprehending all the Diseases of this Book Chap. 1. OF Thirst deprav'd Page 3 Chap. 2. Of Hunger deprav'd Page 7 Chap. 3. Of Loathing Victuals Page 19 Chap. 4. Of the taking in of Food hindred Page 22 Chap. 5. Of swallowing Food hindred Page 24 Chap. 6. Of the Retention of Food in the Stomach hindred Page 25 Chap. 7. Of the Fermentation of Food in the Ventricle hindred Page 28 Chap. 8. Of the Expulsion of Food to the Guts deprav'd Page 40 Chap. 9. Of Loathing Belching and Vomiting Page 44 Chap. 10. Of the Separation of Chyle from the Excrements deprav'd Page 50 Chap. 11. Of the Vitious Effervescency of Choler and the Juice of the Pancreas together with Phlegm continually raisd in the small Gut Page 58 Chap. 12. Of the Propulsion and Expulsion through the Guts of what is containd in them deprav'd and in particular of a Costiv Body Page 65 Chap. 13. Of a Loosness Page 67 Chap. 14. Of various Pains of the Guts Page 78 Chap. 15. Of the Vomiting of what is containd in the Guts and namely of the Disease Cholera and Ileos Page 93 Chap. 16. Of the Straining Chyle through the fleshy Crust of the Guts deprav'd Page 105 Chap. 17. Of the Motion of Chyle through the Lacteal or Milkie Veins deprav'd and the Dropsie Ascites oft following it Page 106 Chap. 18. Of the Sanguification of Chyle in the right Ventricle of the Heart deprav'd Page 110 Chap. 19. Of the Continual and Vital
living Creature we will rather begin at the taking of Food baing vitiâ—aed and then handle the wayes how breathing is hurt where Food carried out of the right Ventricle of the Heart in and by the Lungs hath need thereof The First Book of the Practice of PHYSICK OF Diseases either constituting or producing or following the Natural Functions hurt CHAP. I. Of Thirst Deprav'd 1. WE therefore assign the first place among Natural Functions to Thirst because the first Natural Passion of Man newly borâ— is to Thirst and by sucking Milk out of the Breast asswages his Thirst 2. This Thirst is vitiated chiefly when it is either augmented or depraved for seldom is it lessened or taken away with loss to Man neither can we believe that Thirst or its Cause is truly taken away in certain raving People with driness of Mouth and burning heat of Body because they are insensible and do not observ it 3. I take Thirst augmented to be deduced for the most part from too sharp Choler carried down into the small Gut and there so raising an effervescency with the Juice of the Pancreas or Sweet-Breads flowing thither that thence are elevated Salt Vapors but not bitter to the Ventricle or Scomach and Gullet and there produce a sense of Drought 4. This Choler being too sharp or its Salt Vapors if they pierce through the Lacteal Vessels to the Heart the like may be said of the same Choler carried thither by its passage through the Liver and infect the Blood too much with its saltness nothing hinders but that the Spittle then should turn more or less salt or sharp which will less temper Thirst and rather augment it 5. Another cause also of Thirst augmented is a Salt Humor distilling from the Head to the Gullet and there producing a perceivance of Drought and Thirst and then either falling thence also down to the Venâ—â—icle or drawing forth Matter for Salt Vapours in the small Gut by which in like manner a greater Thirst is stirred up 6. Besides the now-reâ—ited Internal Causes more External Causes of augmented Thirst may â—â—â—carâ— And 1. indeed the Aer heated by the Fire or Sâ—â—â— â— Food salted or aromatically sharp and dry 7. In like manner the Exercise of Body and vehement motion do encrease Thirst and among the Passions of the Mind Anger chiefly or a great terror and also prolong'd Watches and the Body both too costive and too loose much Sweating Vrine voided plentifully a notable evacuation of Blood Milk or Seed c. 8. And in like manner as the Lixivial Salt either abounding or too sharp in Choler augmmâ—nts Thirst so the other parts in Choler being vitiated seem to deprave it which seeing it may be manifold both on the account of the manifold parts of which Choler is composed wherein every one may be faulty it is difficult exactly and distinctly to prosecute and accurately to describe every one of those Kinds and the causes of its depravedness 9. Add that both the Juice of the Panereas and Phlegm of the Guts can not a little deprave Thirst by waxing vitiously fervent with Choler by a vitiousness peculiar to it self 10. The Cause of depraved Thirst can be attributed to none particularly of the six non-natural Things so called yet to a vitious effect of more things concurring togâ—ther with them by us as yet not to be explain'd 11. Thirst augmented is Cured chiesly with watry Liquors which dilute the lixiviat Salt of Choler and deduce it to the Bladder and with sowr things which potently destroy and change its Acrimony and with Oily Liquors asswaging its sharpness as Milk and Emulsions prepar'd of oâ—ly Seeds 12. So Watry Acid or Sowr and oily â—â—quors may fitly be om dâ— and then they will effect more For Example sake take this following Form â„ž Barley-water â„¥ xxx Flowers of Râ—d Roses â„¥ ss Spicit of Vitrol what suffices to make a gratefu s we taste Let hese stand in warm Water of and for three hours or till the Water be reddish called Tincâ—ur of Râ—ses to which when strain'd add Syrup of Jâ—jubs â„¥ iii. M. and let it be a most grateful Julep 13. If any cannot take Acids let him use this following â„ž Barley-water â„¥ xx Cinamon-water â„¥ i. Syrup of Violets â„¥ ii ss Lapis Prunellae or Nitre â—urified by Solution and CoagulationÊ’ i. M. 14. The party thirsting may use either of these Juleps by spaces taking â—a moderate Draught thereof till Thirst be restrain'd 15. If a milky Emulsion do please better take this following Form â„ž Barlâ—y clearsâ—d and boiled till it burst â„¥ i. Sweet Almâ—nds cleansedÊ’ ii with Barlâ—y-water make an Emuâ—siâ—n to â„¥ xii adding Julep of Roses â„¥ i. M. 16. To make this Emulsion more grateful and to strâ—ngtheâ— the Sick and Wâ—â—k add sâ—me Cinaâ—â—â—-water or to discuss Wâ—â—â— a little Fenel-water and use it by turns 17. But where Rest cannot be obtain'd and is dâ—â—â—â—◠〈…〉 tâ—â—◠〈…〉 of White-Poppy Seâ—ds with the other things â—â—d make an Emulsiâ—â— of these so two things are done by one laâ—our 18. Sometimes to deceive Thirst especially where the Sick are not pleas'd with much Water some of the aforesaid Lapis Prunellae or Niter purified may be kept in the Mouth in which case also grateful Pellets of Sugar and Juice of Citrons or Barberies are proper 19. Mutton or Veal-Broth also asswage Thirst being boiled with much Water and without Salt 20. As often as a Salt Catarrh or the like Spittle is the cause of Thirst augmented so often administer such Physick for it as will temperate that saltness by Pills of Hounds-Tongue and such like and then if Salt serous Matter abound in the Blood purge it by Stool or Vrine of which hereafter 21. Depraved Thirst is cured by those things which correct the Constitution of Vitious Choler the Juice of the Pancreas and Phlegm in the Guts or of other Humours which because they are not now so manifest all universal Things which do amend any Humors what-ever may with profit be us'd and chiefly volatil oily Salts but somewhat moderate ones and indeed joyn'd to watry Liquors and by turns given in Wine not too strong CHAP. II. Of Hunger dâ—prav'd 1. HVnger is call'd the Appetite of Mâ—ats as Thirst is of Drinâ—s 2. The chief kinds of Hanger vitiated are when it is Augmented Diminish'd Abolish'd and many wayes Deprav'd 3. I judg the chief Cause of Natural Hunger to be the remainders of Food fermented in the Ventricle and there staying and still more and more fermented by part of the Spittle adhering to them being continually swallow'd down and at length raising a some-what sowr and grateful Vapour which pleasingly affects the upper Orifice of the Ventricle and so produces Hunger 4. This Natural Hunger especially where Food is with-held somwhat longer than ordinary is encreas'd even in healthy People by the Juice of the Pancreas carri'd down to the small Gut and after the separation and farther descending of Food