no_o use_n of_o respiration_n by_o the_o lung_n the_o blood_n do_v not_o all_o i_o may_v say_v not_o the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o flow_v through_o they_o but_o there_o be_v two_o passage_n or_o channel_n contrive_v one_o call_v the_o foramen_fw-la ovale_fw-mi by_o which_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n bring_v by_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la pass_v immediate_o into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n without_o enter_v the_o right_a at_o all_o the_o other_o be_v a_o large_a arterial_a channel_n pass_v from_o the_o pulmonary_a artery_n immediate_o into_o the_o aorta_n or_o great_a artery_n which_o likewise_o derive_v part_n of_o the_o blood_n thither_o without_o run_v at_o all_o into_o the_o lung_n these_o two_o be_v close_v up_o soon_o after_o the_o child_n be_v bear_v when_o it_o breathe_v no_o more_o as_o i_o may_v so_o say_v by_o the_o placenta_fw-la uterina_fw-la but_o respiration_n by_o the_o lung_n be_v needful_a for_o it_o it_o be_v here_o to_o be_v note_v that_o though_o 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integrity_n of_o our_o body_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o put_v it_o into_o the_o eucharistical_a parr_n of_o our_o daily_a devotion_n we_o praise_v thou_o o_o god_n for_o the_o due_a number_n shape_v and_o use_v of_o our_o limb_n and_o sense_n and_o in_o general_a of_o all_o the_o part_n of_o our_o body_n we_o bless_v thou_o for_o the_o sound_n and_o healthful_a constitution_n of_o they_o it_o be_v thou_o that_o have_v make_v we_o and_o not_o we_o ourselves_o in_o thy_o 100_o book_n be_v all_o our_o member_n write_v the_o mother_n that_o bear_v the_o child_n in_o her_o womb_n be_v not_o conscious_a to_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v do_v there_o she_o understand_v no_o more_o how_o the_o infant_n be_v form_v than_o itself_o do_v but_o if_o god_n have_v bestow_v upon_o we_o any_o peculiar_a gift_n or_o endowment_n wherein_o we_o excel_v other_o as_o strength_n or_o beauty_n or_o activity_n we_o ought_v to_o give_v he_o special_a thanks_o for_o it_o but_o not_o to_o think_v the_o 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account_n thereof_o from_o the_o necessary_a motion_n of_o matter_n unguided_a by_o mind_n for_o end_n prudent_o therefore_o break_v off_o their_o system_fw-la there_o when_o they_o shall_v come_v to_o animal_n and_o so_o leave_v it_o altogether_o untouched_a we_o acknowledge_v indeed_o there_o be_v a_o posthumous_n piece_n extant_a impute_v to_o cartes_n and_o entitle_v de_fw-fr la_fw-fr formation_n du_fw-fr foetus_fw-la wherein_o there_o be_v some_o pretence_n make_v to_o salve_v all_o this_o by_o fortuitous_a mechanism_n but_o as_o the_o theory_n thereof_o be_v build_v whole_o upon_o a_o false_a supposition_n sufficient_o confute_v by_o our_o harvey_n in_o his_o book_n of_o generation_n that_o the_o seed_n do_v material_o enter_v into_o the_o composition_n of_o the_o egg_n so_o be_v it_o all_o along_o precarious_a and_o exceptionable_a nor_o do_v it_o extend_v at_o all_o to_o the_o difference_n that_o be_v in_o several_a animal_n nor_o offer_v the_o least_o reason_n why_o a_o 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body_n yea_o though_o the_o ventricle_n be_v open_v and_o all_o the_o blood_n squeeze_v out_o three_o the_o process_n of_o the_o fibre_n which_o compound_v the_o side_n of_o the_o ventricles_n run_v in_o spiral_n line_n from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o base_a of_o the_o heart_n some_o one_o way_n and_o some_o the_o contrary_a do_v clear_o show_v that_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o muscular_a constriction_n as_o a_o purse_n be_v shut_v by_o draw_v the_o string_n contrary_a way_n which_o be_v also_o confirm_v by_o experience_n for_o if_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o heart_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o a_o finger_n thrust_v up_o into_o one_o of_o the_o ventricles_n in_o every_o systole_n the_o finger_n will_v be_v sensible_o and_o manifest_o pinch_v by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o ventricle_n but_o for_o a_o full_a confutation_n of_o this_o fancy_n i_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o dr._n lower_n treatise_n the_o cord_n chap._n 2._o and_o his_o rule_n concern_v the_o transfer_v of_o motion_n from_o one_o body_n in_o motion_n to_o another_o be_v the_o most_o of_o they_o by_o experience_n find_v to_o be_v false_a as_o they_o affirm_v which_o have_v make_v trial_n of_o they_o this_o pulse_n of_o the_o heart_n dr._n cudworth_n will_v have_v to_o be_v no_o mechanical_a but_o a_o vital_a motion_n which_o to_o i_o seem_v probable_a because_o it_o be_v not_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o will_n nor_o be_v we_o conscious_a of_o any_o power_n to_o cause_n or_o to_o restrain_v it_o but_o it_o be_v carry_v on_o and_o continue_v without_o our_o knowledge_n or_o notice_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o impulse_n of_o any_o external_a movent_fw-la unless_o it_o be_v heat_n but_o how_o can_v the_o spirit_n agitate_a by_o heat_n unguided_a by_o a_o vital_a principle_n produce_v such_o a_o regular_a reciprocal_a motion_n if_o that_o site_n which_o the_o heart_n and_o its_o fibre_n have_v in_o the_o diastole_n be_v most_o natural_a to_o they_o as_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v why_o do_v it_o again_o contract_v itself_o and_o not_o rest_n in_o that_o posture_n if_o it_o be_v once_o contract_v in_o a_o systole_n by_o the_o influx_n of_o the_o spirit_n why_o the_o spirit_n continual_o flow_v in_o without_o let_v do_v it_o not_o always_o remain_v so_o for_o the_o systole_n seem_v to_o resemble_v the_o forcible_a bend_n of_o a_o spring_n and_o the_o diastole_n its_o fly_v out_o again_o to_o its_o natural_a site_n what_o be_v the_o spring_n and_o principal_n efficient_a of_o this_o reciprocation_n what_o direct_v and_o moderate_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o spirit_n they_o be_v but_o stupid_a and_o senseless_a matter_n can_v of_o themselves_o continue_v any_o regular_a and_o constant_a motion_n without_o the_o guidance_n and_o regulation_n of_o some_o intelligent_a be_v you_o will_v say_v what_o agent_n be_v it_o which_o you_o will_v have_v to_o effect_v this_o the_o sensitive_a soul_n it_o can_v be_v because_o that_o be_v indivisible_a but_o the_o heart_n when_o separate_v whole_o from_o the_o body_n in_o some_o animal_n continue_v still_o to_o pulse_n for_o a_o considerable_a time_n nay_o when_o it_o have_v quite_o cease_v it_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o beat_v anew_o by_o the_o application_n of_o warm_a hospital_n or_o by_o prick_v it_o gentle_o with_o a_o pin_n or_o needle_n i_o answer_v it_o may_v be_v in_o these_o instance_n the_o scatter_a spirit_n remain_v in_o the_o heart_n may_v for_o a_o time_n be_v agitate_a by_o heat_n cause_n these_o faint_a pulsation_n though_o i_o shall_v rather_o attribute_v they_o to_o a_o plastic_a nature_n or_o vital_a principle_n as_o the_o vegetation_n of_o plant_n must_v also_o be_v but_o to_o proceed_v neither_o can_v i_o whole_o acquiesce_v in_o the_o hypothesis_n of_o that_o honourable_a and_o deserve_o famous_a author_n i_o former_o have_v occasion_n to_o mention_v which_o i_o find_v in_o his_o free_a enquiry_n into_o the_o vulgar_a notion_n of_o nature_n p._n 77_o 78._o deliver_v in_o these_o word_n i_o think_v it_o probable_a that_o the_o great_a and_o wise_a author_n of_o thing_n do_v when_o he_o first_o form_v the_o universal_a and_o undistinguished_a matter_n into_o the_o world_n put_v its_o part_n into_o various_a motion_n whereby_o they_o be_v necessary_o divide_v into_o numberless_a portion_n of_o differ_v bulk_n figure_n and_o situation_n in_o respect_n of_o each_o other_o and_o that_o by_o his_o infinite_a wisdom_n and_o power_n he_o do_v so_o guide_v and_o over-rule_v the_o motion_n of_o these_o part_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o thing_n as_o that_o whether_o in_o a_o short_a or_o a_o long_a time_n reason_n can_v determine_v they_o be_v final_o dispose_v into_o that_o beautiful_a and_o orderly_a frame_n that_o we_o call_v the_o world_n among_o who_o part_n some_o be_v so_o curious_o contrive_v as_o to_o be_v fit_a to_o become_v the_o seed_n or_o feminal_a principle_n of_o plant_n and_o animal_n and_o i_o further_o conceive_v that_o he_o settle_v such_o 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supply_v with_o air_n from_o thence_o be_v by_o and_o by_o convulse_v and_o short_o relax_v and_o deprive_v of_o motion_n the_o rest_n that_o be_v untouched_a still_o retain_v it_o nay_o more_o than_o all_o this_o plant_n themselves_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o respiration_n be_v furnish_v with_o plenty_n of_o vessel_n for_o the_o derivation_n of_o air_n to_o all_o their_o part_n as_o have_v be_v observe_v nay_o first_o discover_v by_o that_o great_a and_o curious_a naturalist_n malpighius_n another_o use_n of_o the_o air_n be_v to_o sustain_v the_o flight_n of_o bird_n and_o infect_v moreover_o by_o its_o gravity_n it_o raise_v the_o water_n in_o pump_n siphons_n and_o other_o engine_n and_o perform_v all_o those_o feat_n which_o former_a philosopher_n through_o ignorance_n of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n attribute_v to_o a_o final_a namely_o nature_n abhorrence_n of_o a_o vacuity_n or_o empty_a space_n the_o elastic_a or_o expansive_a faculty_n of_o the_o air_n whereby_o it_o dilate_v 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great_a artery_n to_o convey_v the_o blood_n thither_o it_o will_v one_o may_v rational_o think_v be_v more_o likely_a that_o as_o in_o the_o abdomen_fw-la of_o every_o animal_n so_o here_o there_o shall_v have_v be_v some_o lacteal_v vein_n form_v begin_v from_o the_o placenta_n or_o cotyledon_n which_o concur_v in_o one_o common_a ductus_fw-la shall_v at_o last_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la second_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o a_o calf_n the_o umbilical_a vessel_n to_o terminate_v in_o certain_a body_n divide_v into_o a_o multitude_n of_o carneous_a papillae_fw-la as_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o which_o be_v receive_v into_o so_o many_o socket_n of_o the_o cotyledon_n grow_v on_o the_o womb_n which_o carneous_a papillae_fw-la may_n without_o force_n or_o laceration_n be_v draw_v out_o of_o those_o socket_n now_o these_o papillae_fw-la do_v well_o resemble_v the_o aristae_fw-la or_o radii_fw-la of_o a_o fish_n gills_o and_o very_o probable_o have_v the_o same_o use_n to_o take_v in_o the_o air._n so_o that_o the_o maternal_a blood_n which_o flow_v to_o the_o cotyledon_n and_o encircle_n these_o papillae_fw-la communicate_v by_o they_o to_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la the_o air_n wherewith_o itself_o be_v impregnate_n as_o the_o water_n flow_v about_o the_o carneous_a radii_fw-la of_o the_o fish_n gills_o do_v the_o air_n that_o be_v lodge_v therein_o to_o they_o three_o that_o the_o maternal_a blood_n flow_v most_o copious_o to_o the_o placenta_fw-la uterina_fw-la in_o woman_n be_v manifest_a from_o the_o great_a hemorrhagy_n that_o succeed_v the_o separation_n thereof_o at_o the_o birth_n four_o after_o the_o stomach_n and_o intestine_n be_v form_v the_o foetus_fw-la seem_v to_o take_v in_o its_o whole_a nourishment_n by_o the_o mouth_n there_o be_v always_o find_v in_o the_o stomach_n of_o a_o calf_n plenty_n of_o the_o liquor_n contain_v in_o the_o amnio_n wherein_o he_o swim_v and_o faeces_fw-la in_o his_o intestine_n and_o abundance_n of_o urine_n in_o the_o allantoide_n so_o that_o the_o foetus_fw-la in_o the_o womb_n do_v live_v as_o it_o be_v the_o life_n of_o a_o fish_n last_o why_o else_o shall_v there_o be_v such_o a_o instant_a necessity_n of_o respiration_n so_o soon_o as_o ever_o the_o foetus_fw-la be_v fall_v off_o from_o the_o womb_n this_o way_n we_o may_v give_v a_o facile_a and_o very_a probable_a account_n of_o it_o to_o wit_n because_o receive_v no_o more_o communication_n of_o air_n from_o its_o dam_n or_o mother_n it_o must_v needs_o have_v a_o speedy_a supply_n from_o without_o or_o else_o extinguish_v and_o die_v for_o want_v of_o it_o be_v not_o able_a to_o live_v long_o without_o air_n at_o its_o first_o birth_n than_o it_o can_v do_v afterward_o and_o here_o methinks_v appear_v a_o necessity_n of_o bring_v in_o the_o agency_n of_o some_o superintendent_n intelligent_a be_v be_v it_o a_o plastic_a nature_n or_o what_o you_o will_n for_o what_o else_o shall_v put_v the_o diaphragm_n and_o all_o the_o muscle_n serve_v to_o respiration_n in_o motion_n all_o of_o a_o sudden_a so_o soon_o as_o ever_o the_o foetus_fw-la be_v bring_v forth_o why_o can_v they_o not_o have_v rest_v as_o well_o as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o womb_n what_o ail_v they_o that_o they_o must_v needs_o bestir_v themselves_o to_o get_v in_o air_n to_o maintain_v the_o creature_n life_n why_o can_v they_o not_o patient_o suffer_v it_o to_o die_v that_o the_o air_n of_o itself_o can_v not_o rush_v in_o be_v clear_a for_o that_o on_o the_o contrary_a there_o be_v require_v a_o great_a force_n to_o remove_v the_o incumbent_a air_n and_o make_v room_n for_o the_o external_a to_o enter_v you_o will_v say_v the_o spirit_n do_v at_o this_o time_n flow_v to_o the_o organ_n of_o respiration_n the_o diaphragm_n and_o other_o muscle_n which_o concur_v to_o that_o action_n and_o move_v they_o but_o what_o rouse_v the_o spirit_n which_o be_v quiescent_n during_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la in_o the_o womb_n here_o be_v no_o appear_v impellent_fw-fr but_o the_o external_a air_n the_o body_n suffer_v no_o change_n but_o of_o place_n out_o of_o its_o close_a and_o warm_a prison_n into_o the_o open_a and_o cool_a air._n but_o how_o or_o why_o that_o shall_v have_v such_o influence_n upon_o the_o spirit_n as_o to_o drive_v they_o into_o those_o muscle_n elective_o i_o be_o not_o subtle_a enough_o to_o discern_v three_o water_n be_v one_o part_n and_o that_o not_o the_o least_o of_o our_o sustenance_n and_o that_o afford_v the_o great_a share_n of_o matter_n in_o all_o production_n contain_v in_o it_o the_o principle_n or_o minute_n component_a particle_n of_o all_o body_n to_o speak_v nothing_o of_o those_o inferior_a uses_n of_o wash_v and_o bathe_v dress_n and_o prepare_v of_o victual_n but_o if_o we_o shall_v consider_v the_o great_a conceptacula_fw-la and_o congregation_n of_o water_n and_o the_o distribution_n of_o it_o all_o over_o the_o dry_a land_n in_o spring_n and_o river_n there_o will_v occur_v abundant_a argument_n of_o wisdom_n and_o understanding_n the_o sea_n what_o infinite_a variety_n of_o fish_n do_v it_o nourish_v psalm_n 104._o 25._o in_o the_o verse_n next_o to_o my_o text._n the_o earth_n be_v full_a of_o thy_o riches_n so_o be_v this_o great_a and_o wide_a sea_n wherein_o be_v thing_n creep_v innumerable_a both_o small_a and_o great_a beast_n etc._n etc._n how_o do_v it_o exact_o compose_v itself_o to_o a_o level_n or_o equal_a superficies_n and_o with_o the_o earth_n make_v up_o one_o spherical_a roundness_n how_o do_v it_o constant_o observe_v its_o ebb_n and_o flow_v its_o spring_n and_o nepetide_n and_o still_o retain_v its_o saltness_n so_o convenient_a for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n serve_v also_o the_o use_n of_o man_n for_o navigation_n and_o the_o convenience_n of_o carriage_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v define_v by_o shore_n and_o
a_o skinny_a substance_n or_o hinder_v the_o swallow_a of_o our_o meat_n therefore_o these_o annulary_a gristle_n be_v not_o make_v round_o or_o entire_a circle_n but_o where_o the_o gullet_n touch_v the_o windpipe_n there_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o circle_n be_v only_o a_o soft_a membrane_n which_o may_v easy_o give_v way_n to_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o gullet_n and_o to_o demonstrate_v that_o this_o be_v design_o do_v for_o this_o end_n and_o use_v so_o soon_o as_o the_o windpipe_n enter_v the_o lung_n its_o cartilage_n be_v no_o long_o deficient_a but_o perfect_a circle_n or_o ring_n because_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n they_o shall_v be_v so_o but_o it_o be_v more_o convenient_a they_o shall_v be_v entire_a lâ—â—â—ly_o for_o the_o various_a modulation_n of_o the_o voice_n the_o upper_a end_n of_o the_o windpipe_n be_v endue_v with_o several_a cartilage_n and_o muscle_n to_o contract_v or_o dilate_v it_o as_o we_o will_v have_v our_o voice_n flat_a or_o sharp_a and_o 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make_v up_o of_o annular_a or_o orbicular_a carneous_a fibre_n to_o a_o good_a thickness_n and_o be_v of_o a_o muscular_a nature_n after_o every_o pulse_n of_o the_o heart_n serve_v to_o contract_v the_o vessel_n successive_o with_o incredible_a celerity_n so_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o peristaltic_a motion_n impel_v the_o blood_n onward_o to_o the_o capillary_a extremity_n and_o through_o the_o muscle_n with_o great_a force_n and_o swiftness_n so_o the_o pulse_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v not_o only_o cause_v by_o the_o pulsation_n of_o the_o heart_n drive_v the_o blood_n through_o they_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o wave_n or_o flush_n as_o des_n cartes_n and_o other_o will_v have_v it_o but_o by_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o artery_n themselves_o which_o the_o experiment_n of_o a_o certain_a seq_n louvain_n physician_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v galens_n do_v in_o my_o opinion_n make_v good_a against_o he_o first_o say_v he_o if_o you_o slit_v the_o artery_n and_o thrust_n into_o it_o a_o pipe_n 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therefore_o he_o add_v another_o which_o clear_o evince_v that_o this_o can_v not_o be_v the_o reason_n but_o that_o it_o be_v something_o flow_v down_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o artery_n that_o cause_v the_o pulse_n that_o be_v if_o you_o straiten_v the_o artery_n never_o so_o much_o provide_v the_o side_n of_o it_o do_v not_o quite_o meet_v and_o stop_v all_o passage_n of_o the_o blood_n the_o vessel_n will_v notwithstanding_o continue_v still_o to_o beat_v below_o or_o beyond_o the_o coarctation_n so_o we_o see_v some_o physician_n both_o ancient_n as_o galen_n and_o modern_a be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o pulse_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v owe_v to_o their_o coat_n though_o the_o first_o that_o i_o know_v of_o who_o observe_v the_o three_o coat_n of_o a_o artery_n to_o be_v a_o muscular_a body_n compose_v of_o annulary_a fibres_n be_v dr._n willis_n the_o mention_n of_o the_o peristaltic_a motion_n put_v i_o in_o mind_n of_o a_o ocular_a demonstration_n of_o it_o in_o the_o gullet_n 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