body_n than_o in_o one_o of_o five_o or_o six_o month_n in_o a_o faetus_fw-la of_o nine_o month_n it_o almost_o fill_v the_o interstice_n which_o the_o lung_n after_o the_o birth_n begin_v to_o take_v up_o in_o the_o upper-part_n of_o the_o thorax_n the_o thymus_n after_o the_o birth_n gradual_o decrease_v except_o the_o upper-part_n of_o the_o cavity_n in_o the_o thorax_n be_v capacious_a enough_o for_o its_o reception_n as_o appear_v in_o a_o anatomical_a subject_n i_o late_o dissect_v of_o thirty_o year_n of_o age_n in_o who_o the_o thymus_n be_v very_o large_a i_o must_v confess_v i_o never_o yet_o meet_v with_o a_o subject_a though_o never_o so_o old_a in_o who_o the_o thymus_n be_v want_v in_o those_o bodiâ—â—_n the_o thymus_n be_v less_o than_o ordinary_a we_o find_v the_o subclavian_n gland_n those_o of_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n and_o the_o glandule_n thyraidam_n large_a as_o they_o late_o appear_v in_o a_o boy_n of_o about_o eight_o year_n of_o age._n in_o woman_n the_o thymus_n and_o thyroid_fw-fr gland_n be_v large_a than_o in_o man_n but_o the_o subclavian_n gland_n be_v less_o by_o reason_n the_o claviculae_fw-la in_o woman_n be_v straight_o and_o short_a than_o those_o of_o man_n whence_o a_o much_o less_o interstice_n be_v frain_v for_o entertain_v those_o gland_n i_o have_v more_o than_o once_o find_v the_o lymphducts_a fill_v with_o wax_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o thymus_n and_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o upper-part_n of_o the_o thoracick-duct_a by_o inject_v that_o dust_n by_o the_o vesica_fw-la chyli_n see_v app._n fig._n 12._o d._n from_o what_o have_v be_v abovesaid_a it_o appear_v the_o thymus_n bear_v a_o proportion_n to_o the_o head_n whether_o in_o the_o faetus_fw-la or_o in_o body_n before_o they_o become_v adult_n which_o we_o conceive_v be_v in_o order_n to_o receive_v a_o proportionable_a quantity_n of_o lympha_fw-la derive_v from_o thence_o and_o as_o the_o subclavian_n gland_n of_o woman_n be_v less_o than_o those_o of_o man_n so_o the_o thyroide_v gland_n and_o thymus_n be_v large_a hence_o also_o it_o appear_v the_o thymus_n be_v a_o lymphatic_a gland_n and_o vary_v its_o magnitude_n according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o lympha_fw-la that_o be_v necessary_o transmit_v through_o it_o from_o the_o superior_a part_n or_o as_o the_o neighbour_a lymphatic_a gland_n do_v more_o or_o less_o transmit_v their_o lympha_fw-la to_o it_o beside_o this_o common_a office_n of_o the_o thymus_n whether_o in_o the_o faetus_fw-la or_o adult_fw-la it_o have_v another_o use_n which_o be_v first_o suggest_v to_o i_o by_o inject_v a_o liquid_a into_o the_o thoracick-duct_a when_o find_v it_o not_o only_o fill_v the_o lymphducts_a of_o the_o thymus_n but_o the_o thymus_n itself_o be_v extend_v with_o it_o the_o like_a observation_n i_o since_o find_v be_v make_v by_o the_o expert_a anatomist_n dr._n tyson_n some_o time_n since_o whence_o i_o conceive_v the_o thymus_n and_o its_o lymphducts_a be_v diverticula_n to_o the_o chyle_n when_o too_o great_a a_o quantity_n be_v press_v foreward_n towards_o the_o subclavian_n vein_n i_o know_v it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o the_o valve_n of_o the_o lymphducts_a oppose_v this_o contrary_a course_n of_o liquor_n in_o they_o but_o repeat_v observation_n convince_v i_o that_o not_o only_o these_o lymphducts_a of_o the_o thymus_n which_o be_v large_a and_o have_v very_o few_o if_o any_o valve_n as_o appear_v by_o their_o be_v inject_v with_o wax_n but_o those_o of_o the_o loin_n and_o their_o gland_n from_o whence_o they_o arise_v be_v frequent_o fill_v with_o chyle_n when_o no_o compress_v be_v make_v on_o the_o thoracick-duct_a hence_o it_o be_v a_o milky_a liquor_n have_v be_v common_o find_v in_o the_o thymus_n but_o more_o frequent_a in_o that_o of_o a_o pâ—tus_n than_o iâ—_n a_o adult_n and_o that_o not_o only_o because_o the_o thymus_n and_o its_o lymphducts_a be_v much_o large_a proportionable_o in_o the_o former_a state_n or_o faetus_fw-la but_o the_o bend_a position_n of_o the_o thoracick-duct_a of_o the_o fetus_n in_o vterâ—_n render_v the_o ascent_n of_o the_o chyle_n by_o that_o dust_n more_o liable_a to_o regurgitate_v by_o the_o lymphducts_a of_o the_o thymus_n h_o h_n the_o forepart_n of_o the_o diaphragma_n free_v from_o the_o cartilaginous_a end_n of_o the_o rib_n and_o pin_v up_o the_o twenty-second_a table_n fig._n 1._o the_o heart_n with_o part_n of_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o great_a vein_n and_o artery_n cut_v off_o a_o a_o the_o proper_a membrane_n of_o the_o heart_n a_o portion_n of_o which_o be_v raise_v and_o hang_v down_o b_o b_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o heart_n adorn_v with_o in_o coronary_a vessel_n c_o ψ_n part_v of_o the_o right_a auricle_n of_o the_o heart_n c_o the_o left_a auricle_n on_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n d_o the_o cone_n of_o the_o heart_n e_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la which_o convey_v the_o refluent_a blood_n from_o the_o whole_a field_n of_o the_o body_n into_o the_o right_a auricle_n of_o the_o heart_n when_o the_o heart_n iâ—_n iâ—_n systole_n whence_o the_o blood_n be_v again_o transmit_v into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n when_o it_o be_v in_o diastole_n so_o that_o when_o the_o auricles_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o diastole_n or_o relaxation_n they_o be_v fill_v with_o blood_n and_o the_o heart_n itself_o be_v in_o systole_n or_o contraction_n and_o vice_n versa_fw-la when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o diastole_n the_o auricles_n be_v in_o systole_n f_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la or_o vena_fw-la arteriosa_fw-la which_o carry_v the_o blood_n from_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n into_o the_o lung_n g_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonica_n or_o arteria_fw-la venosa_fw-la which_o convey_v the_o refluent_a blood_n from_o the_o lung_n into_o the_o left_a auricle_n and_o ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n not_o unlike_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la etc._n etc._n h_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la arise_v out_o of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n which_o convey_v the_o mass_n of_o blood_n from_o the_o heart_n through_o the_o field_n of_o the_o body_n from_o who_o capillary_a extremity_n the_o vein_n be_v continue_v as_o appear_v by_o a_o microscope_n in_o the_o transparent_a part_n of_o live_a animal_n see_v app._n fig._n 4._o and_o 5._o fig._n 2._o the_o heart_n divest_v of_o its_o external_n membrane_n and_o carnous_a fibre_n after_o boil_a so_o that_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o subjacent_a fibre_n may_v appear_v the_o way_n of_o prepare_v the_o heart_n to_o exhibit_v this_o disposition_n of_o its_o fibre_n may_v be_v practise_v after_o the_o follow_a manner_n the_o heart_n with_o portion_n of_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o large_a blood-vessel_n be_v take_v off_o the_o blood_n as_o well_o within_o its_o ventricles_n as_o blood-vessel_n be_v evacuate_v then_o with_o tow_n or_o piece_n of_o rag_n fill_v the_o ventricles_n auricles_n and_o large_a vessel_n on_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o mouth_n of_o the_o large_a blood-vessel_n be_v stitch_v up_o lest_o their_o content_n shall_v be_v extrude_v by_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o heart_n in_o boil_a this_o do_v boyl_n it_o according_a to_o its_o bulk_n if_o it_o be_v the_o heart_n of_o a_o ox_n etc._n etc._n boyl_n it_o four_o or_o five_o hour_n if_o of_o a_o man_n one_o or_o two_n n._n b._n this_o figure_n be_v print_v reverse_v a_o a_o sinus_n place_v between_o both_o ventricles_n in_o which_o a_o large_a trunk_n of_o one_o of_o the_o coronary_a artery_n be_v convey_v b_o the_o cochleated_a or_o oblique_a descend_a order_n of_o fibres_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n c_o the_o external_n and_o oblique_a descend_v order_n of_o fibres_n of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n which_o decussate_fw-it the_o former_a or_o subjacent_a fibre_n in_o acute_a angle_n d_o part_v of_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la e_o the_o aorta_fw-la ee_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o coronary_a artery_n f_o the_o right_a auricle_n g_o the_o left_a fig._n 3._o a_o the_o sinus_n above_o mention_v between_o the_o ventricles_n b_o the_o tortuous_a disposition_n of_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n c_o those_o of_o the_o left_a the_o heart_n consist_v chief_o of_o divers_a strata_n of_o oblique_a descend_v fibre_n the_o external_n pass_o more_o straight_o or_o less_o contort_a than_o the_o internal_a whence_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o external_n fibres_n be_v see_v to_o decussate_fw-it they_fw-mi internal_a with_o acute_a angle_n the_o former_a arise_v from_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n and_o end_v in_o the_o cone_n the_o late_a arise_v from_o the_o same_o place_n and_o terminate_v either_o in_o the_o '_o parietes_fw-la of_o the_o ventricles_n or_o columnae_n carneae_fw-la fig._n 7._o g_o g_o from_o which_o divers_a tenditious_a filament_n be_v continue_v to_o the_o lower-part_n of_o the_o tricuspid_n
and_o mitral_a valve_n d_o the_o aorta_fw-mi divide_v between_o its_o origin_n from_o the_o heart_n and_o valve_n and_o recline_v to_o one_o side_n hang_v by_o its_o twoâ—_n coronary_a artery_n express_v fig._n 2._o e_fw-la e._n e_o e_o the_o three_o semilunary_a valve_n of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi which_o hinder_v a_o return_n of_o the_o blood_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o diastole_n fig._n 4._o the_o concourse_n of_o fibres_n near_o the_o cone_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o they_o appear_v after_o a_o transverse_a section_n fig._n 5._o some_o fasciculi_fw-la of_o fibres_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n a_o b_o the_o two_o tendinous_a extremity_n of_o the_o oblique_a fleshy_a fibre_n express_v fig._n two_o 3._o c_o the_o fleshy_a part_n of_o the_o fibre_n between_o the_o two_o tendon_n d_o the_o collateral_a fibre_n which_o appear_v in_o divide_v the_o last_o mention_v fasciculi_fw-la nor_o be_v these_o any_o other_o than_o part_v of_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o divide_v fasciculus_fw-la and_o lay_v parallel_n to_o each_o other_o according_a to_o their_o length_n the_o blood-vessel_n and_o nerve_n pass_v between_o these_o fibre_n make_v a_o reticular_a appearance_n when_o divide_v as_o here_o express_v fig._n 6._o the_o right_a auricle_n and_o part_n of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n a_o a_o the_o right_a auricle_n expanded_a b_o b_o b_o the_o three_o tricuspid_a valve_n two_o of_o which_o be_v extend_v by_o pin_v out_o their_o tendon_n derive_v from_o the_o columnae_n carneae_fw-la see_v fig._n 7._o g_o g_o fig._n 10._o a_o inferior_n the_o office_n of_o the_o auricles_n be_v to_o receive_v part_n of_o the_o refluent_a blood_n whilst_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o systole_n and_o to_o discharge_v that_o blood_n again_o into_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n when_o it_o be_v in_o diastole_n so_o that_o the_o auricles_n of_o the_o heart_n seem_v as_o diverticula_n to_o the_o blood_n in_o its_o pass_n into_o its_o ventricles_n else_o a_o repercussion_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o vein_n will_v necessary_o happen_v in_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o will_v prevent_v the_o regular_a influx_n of_o the_o blood_n to_o the_o ventricles_n fig._n 7._o the_o heart_n with_o its_o left_a ventricle_n open_v a_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la b_o the_o aorta_fw-mi in_o like_a manner_n open_v c_o c_o the_o septum_fw-la cordis_n which_o divide_v the_o right_a ventricle_n from_o the_o left_a d_o the_o left_a auricle_n entire_a which_o in_o humane_a body_n be_v very_o little_a as_o appear_v by_o this_o figure_n and_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o pulmonick_a vein_n very_o large_a d_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o arterìa_n pulmonica_n cut_v off_o e_o e_o two_o of_o the_o three_o semilunary_a valve_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la which_o hinder_v the_o reflux_n of_o the_o blood_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o diastole_n in_o which_o action_n they_o be_v express_v fig._n 3._o e_o e._n f_o f_o the_o two_o mitral_a valve_n in_o the_o pulmonick_a vein_n which_o prevent_v the_o blood_n repass_v that_o vessel_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o systole_n g_o g_o the_o carneae_fw-la columnae_n compose_v of_o muscular_a fibres_n derive_v from_o those_o of_o the_o side_n of_o the_o heart_n whençe_v divers_a small_a tendinous_a filament_n do_v arise_v and_o be_v faltn_v to_o the_o inferior_a limbus_n of_o the_o mitral_a valve_n by_o which_o mean_v those_o valve_n be_v draw_v down_o towards_o the_o cone_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o prevent_v the_o blood_n from_o pass_v out_o again_o that_o way_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o systole_n i_o know_v dr._n lower_v in_o his_o accurate_a book_n de_fw-fr cord_n suppose_n that_o these_o mitral_a and_o tricuspid_a valve_n be_v relax_v in_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o by_o their_o rise_n up_o stop_v up_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o vein_n but_o if_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o these_o part_n be_v attentive_o consider_v in_o a_o large_a animal_n as_o in_o a_o ox_n etc._n etc._n it_o will_v appear_v reasonable_a to_o conceive_v that_o these_o mitral_a and_o tricuspid_a valve_n be_v rather_o draw_v down_o than_o suffer_v extrusion_n upward_o nor_o need_v nature_n have_v be_v at_o any_o trouble_n in_o make_v those_o valve_n at_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o vein_n any_o otherwise_o than_o the_o reverse_n of_o the_o semilunary_a valve_n of_o artery_n if_o as_o the_o expert_a dr._n low_a suppose_n they_o be_v drive_v up_o and_o extend_v like_o a_o sail_n with_o wind_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o systole_n but_o by_o fasten_v those_o tendinous_a fibre_n to_o the_o lower-part_n of_o those_o tricuspid_n and_o mitral_a valve_n which_o be_v of_o a_o conical_a figure_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o they_o can_v suffer_v such_o extension_n upward_o without_o let_v some_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n repass_v they_o in_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n beside_o there_o must_v constant_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n remain_v in_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n if_o those_o valve_n be_v so_o dispose_v in_o its_o systole_n which_o i_o think_v the_o dr._n himself_o seem_v no_o where_o to_o conceive_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v with_o great_a strength_n adequate_o compress_v in_o its_o systole_n for_o which_o end_v the_o inside_n of_o its_o ventricles_n be_v compose_v of_o divers_a fleshy_a column_n between_o which_o divers_a intersticia_n necessary_o result_v that_o be_v elegant_o express_v in_o this_o figure_n by_o which_o mean_n the_o ventricles_n be_v more_o exact_o close_v in_o their_o systole_n than_o they_o can_v have_v be_v have_v they_o be_v smooth_a fig._n 8._o the_o heart_n with_o its_o right_a ventricle_n open_v a_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o right_a auricle_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o it_o appear_v when_o open_v and_o pin_v out_o b_o the_o left_a auricle_n entire_a c_o the_o coronary_a blood-vessel_n of_o the_o heart_n from_o these_o particular_o from_o the_o artery_n spring_v those_o of_o the_o auricles_n and_o large_a blood-vessel_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o the_o accurate_a ruysch_n describe_v they_o in_o his_o anatomical_a epistle_n pag._n 15._o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o heart_n spring_n from_o the_o eight_o pair_n and_o intercostal_a nerve_n a_o particular_a description_n of_o which_o may_v be_v find_v in_o dr._n lower_n book_n de_n cord_n and_o vieussenius_fw-la nervographia_fw-la d_o part_v of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n open_v e_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la arteriosa_fw-la or_o arteria_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la divide_v and_o expand_v f_o f_o f_o the_o three_o valvulae_fw-la sigmoide_n or_o semilunare_n which_o oppose_v the_o return_n of_o the_o blood_n from_o the_o lung_n by_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonica_n into_o the_o heart_n when_o it_o be_v in_o diastole_n fig._n 9_o a_o a_o the_o heart_n cut_v transverse_o b_o that_o part_n of_o it_o next_o its_o basis._n c_o that_o next_o its_o cone_n d_o d_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n e_o the_o leave_v f_o the_o septum_fw-la cordis_n or_o the_o partition_n between_o the_o two_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n g_o g_o a_o stylus_fw-la put_v through_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n h_o h_n another_o pass_v from_o the_o same_o ventricle_n through_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la i_o i_o a_o stylus_fw-la in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n pass_v out_o at_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la k_o k_o another_o insert_v into_o the_o same_o ventricle_n by_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonica_n fig._n 10._o a_o inferior_n a_o portion_n of_o the_o columna_fw-la carnis_fw-la of_o one_o of_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n cut_v off_o see_v fig._n 7._o g_o g_o in_o situ_fw-la b_o the_o tendinous_a fibre_n derive_v from_o the_o fleshy_a column_n and_o fasten_v to_o the_o inferior_a margin_n of_o one_o of_o the_o tricuspid_a valve_n a_o a_o superior_n portion_n of_o the_o tricuspid_a valve_n fig._n 11._o the_o coronary_a blood-vessel_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o they_o appear_v on_o its_o surface_n when_o inject_v after_o dry_n the_o whole_a heart_n a_o a_o the_o artery_n fill_v with_o mercury_n fix_v with_o tin_n b_o b_o the_o vein_n extend_v with_o wax_n fig._n 12._o a_o portion_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la next_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n a_o a_o part_n of_o the_o mitral_a valve_n pin_v out_o by_o their_o tendon_n fig._n 13._o the_o inner_a surface_n of_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la cut_v off_o at_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n when_o divide_v and_o expand_v a_o a_o a_o a_o the_o three_o semilunary_a valve_n well_o express_v when_o pin_v out_o one_o of_o they_o be_v cut_v through_o in_o its_o middle_a in_o divide_v the_o great_a artery_n fig._n
the_o artery_n of_o a_o humane_a foetus_fw-la inject_v with_o wax_n and_o display_v after_o dissection_n 1_o the_o aorta_n or_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la cut_v from_o its_o origin_n at_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n 2_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o great_a coronal_z artery_n of_o the_o heart_n arise_v from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi the_o rise_v of_o the_o lesser_a coronal_z artery_n not_o appear_v in_o this_o position_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la 3_o the_o canalis_fw-la arteriosus_n fill_v with_o wax_n by_o inject_v it_o into_o the_o aorta_n this_o arise_v from_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o pulmonick_a artery_n near_o its_o two_o ramification_n which_o pass_v into_o the_o lung_n and_o after_o a_o oblique_a descent_n under_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi empty_v itself_o into_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o its_o descend_v trunk_n as_o here_o express_v 28._o beside_o this_o communication_n between_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n of_o a_o foetus_fw-la and_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la there_o be_v another_o call_v foramen_fw-la ovale_fw-mi by_o which_o part_n the_o blood_n at_o its_o entrance_n into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n pass_v into_o the_o pulmonick_a vein_n and_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n thence_o to_o the_o aorta_fw-mi hence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o blood_n which_o flow_v into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la pass_v immediate_o by_o the_o canalis_fw-la arteriosus_n to_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la as_o well_o as_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n which_o be_v receive_v immediate_o from_o the_o vena_fw-la câ—â—a_fw-la or_o right_a article_n of_o the_o heart_n into_o the_o pulmonick_a vein_n and_o leave_v ventricle_n so_o that_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o foetus_fw-la which_o run_v into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n pass_v immediate_o to_o the_o aorta_fw-mi by_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o well_o as_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n not_o do_v any_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n pass_v into_o the_o left_a or_o any_o blood_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n first_o pass_v the_o right_n as_o in_o the_o adult_n hence_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o foetus_fw-la may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v but_o one_o ventricle_n in_o effect_n since_o the_o blood_n which_o pass_v one_o do_v not_o come_v into_o the_o other_o before_o it_o arrive_v at_o the_o aorta_fw-mi after_o the_o birth_n when_o the_o infant_n have_v receive_v air_n into_o the_o lung_n and_o their_o vesciculae_fw-la remain_v distend_v and_o the_o ramification_n of_o the_o pulmonick_a artery_n and_o vein_n consequent_o be_v more_o display_v the_o blood_n thâ—â—_n begin_v to_o pass_v their_o extremity_n more_o free_o than_o before_o and_o the_o arterious_a channel_n at_o length_n become_v neglect_v as_o well_o as_o the_o foramen_fw-la ovale_fw-mi the_o former_a become_v a_o ligâ—â—â—â—_n and_o the_o latter_a close_v up_o the_o too_o early_a occlusion_n of_o these_o passage_n in_o child_n often_o produce_v many_o disorder_n as_o inflammation_n of_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o head_n neck_n and_o lungsâ—_n in_o which_o case_n bleed_v be_v of_o great_a use_n of_o this_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o many_o inâ—â—â—nces_n in_o the_o dissection_n of_o child_n i_o have_v often_o find_v the_o foramen_fw-la ovale_fw-mi open_v in_o the_o adult_n the_o canalis_fw-la arteriosus_n for_o what_o i_o have_v observe_v close_v soon_o than_o that_o foramen_fw-la 4_o 4_o the_o subclavian_n artery_n arise_v from_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la to_o which_o the_o axillary_a artery_n and_o those_o of_o the_o arm_n 23_o 23_o be_v congee_v 5_o 5_o the_o two_o carotid_a artery_n arise_v from_o aorta_n between_o the_o subclavian_n artery_n 6_o 6._o the_o two_o vertebral_n artery_n arise_v from_o the_o subâ—leuâ—culae_fw-la which_o pass_v through_o all_o the_o transverse_a process_n of_o the_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v free_v 7_o 7._o the_o artery_n which_o convey_v blood_n to_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o face_n tongue_n adjacent_a muscle_n and_o glandule_n 8_o 8._o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o temporal_a artery_n spring_v from_o the_o carotide_n and_o give_v branch_n to_o the_o parcâ—ide_n gland_n 9_o 9_o as_o well_o as_o the_o temple_n 10_o 10._o also_o to_o the_o neighbour_a muscle_n hairy-scalp_n and_o forehead_n 11_o 11._o the_o occipital_a artery_n who_o trunk_n pass_v close_o by_o the_o mammiform_a process_n and_o be_v distribute_v on_o the_o hinder_v paâ—â—_n of_o the_o hairy-scalp_n where_o they_o be_v inosculate_v with_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o temporal_a artery_n 12._o diâ—ers_n artery_n which_o carry_v blood_n to_o the_o fauces_fw-la gaâ—gaâ—con_n and_o muscle_n of_o those_o pâ—â—â—â—_n 13_o 13._o the_o contortion_n of_o the_o carotid_v artery_n as_o they_o pass_v the_o basis_n of_o the_o skull_n to_o the_o brain_n 14_o 14._o those_o part_n of_o the_o carotid_v artery_n where_o they_o pass_v by_o each_o side_n of_o the_o solla_fw-it tâ—â—ica_fw-la where_o diâ—eâ—â—_n small_a branch_n do_v arise_v from_o they_o and_o help_v to_o compose_v the_o rete_fw-la 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v more_o conspicuous_a in_o quadrupedes_fw-la than_a men._n 15_o 15._o the_o contortion_n of_o the_o vertebra_n artery_n as_o they_o pass_v the_o transverse_a process_n of_o the_o first_o vendâ—â—â—â—_n â—â—_z the_o neck_n towards_o the_o great_a foramen_fw-la of_o the_o os_fw-mi occiputis_n i_o have_v more_o than_o once_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o cavity_n of_o these_o artery_n where_o they_o be_v conâ—eâ—â—ed_v have_v be_v large_a than_o their_o inferior_a trunk_n whereby_o the_o impetus_fw-la of_o the_o blood_n must_v necessary_o be_v very_o much_o lessen_v as_o well_o as_o by_o their_o contortion_n only_o in_o quadâ—â—pedes_n the_o angle_n of_o these_o contortion_n of_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v more_o acute_a which_o in_o they_o be_v the_o more_o necessary_a to_o lessen_v the_o force_n of_o the_o blood_n at_o their_o extremity_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o horizontal_n position_n of_o their_o trunk_n 16._o the_o vertebral_n artery_n where_o they_o ascend_v on_o the_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la towards_o the_o 〈◊〉_d protuberance_n or_o poâ—a_n varâ—â—_n 17_o 17._o the_o communicant_a branch_n between_o the_o carotid_n and_o vertebral_n artery_n in_o this_o subject_a somewhat_o large_a than_o we_o common_o find_v they_o 18_o 18._o the_o ramification_n of_o the_o artery_n within_o the_o skull_n the_o large_a trunk_n of_o which_o lie_v between_o the_o lobe_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o in_o its_o sâ—â—â—i_n from_o the_o extremity_n of_o these_o artery_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v continue_v its_o vein_n who_o trunk_n vary_v much_o in_o their_o position_n from_o the_o artery_n they_o enter_v the_o brain_n at_o its_o basis_n and_o distribute_v themselves_o as_o above_o note_v whereas_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v extend_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o discharge_v their_o blood_n into_o the_o longitudinal_n sâ—râ—s_v nor_o do_v the_o vein_n of_o the_o brain_n accompany_v its_o artery_n at_o their_o ingress_n as_o in_o other_o part_n or_o the_o artery_n and_o vein_n of_o the_o dura_n meter_n pass_v the_o same_o foramen_n in_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o skull_n 19_o 19_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o larynx_n thyroid_fw-fr glandule_n and_o adjacent_a muscle_n and_o part_n arise_v from_o the_o subclavian_n artery_n 20_o 20._o other_o arise_v near_o the_o former_a which_o convey_v blood_n to_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o scapulâ—_n 21_o 21._o the_o mammariae_fw-la which_o arise_v also_o from_o the_o subclavian_n artery_n and_o descend_v on_o the_o cartilage_n of_o the_o true_a râ—bs_n internal_o about_o half_a a_o inch_n distant_a on_o each_o side_n the_o or_o pectoris_fw-la or_o sâ—rmâ—n_o some_o branch_n of_o these_o pass_n through_o the_o pectoral_a as_o well_o as_o iâ—â—â—costal_a muscle_n and_o give_v blood_n to_o the_o mammae_fw-la where_o they_o meet_v with_o some_o branch_n of_o the_o intercostal_a artery_n to_o which_o they_o be_v inosculate_v these_o maminary_a artery_n join_v with_o the_o large_a trunk_n of_o the_o epigastrick_n 57_o 57_o also_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o impetus_fw-la of_o the_o blood_n in_o integument_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la be_v carry_v on_o with_o more_o force_n the_o exâ—â—â—es_n of_o the_o intercostal_n and_o lumbal_n artery_n do_v also_o inosculate_v with_o each_o other_o as_o well_o as_o with_o these_o 22_o 22._o the_o artery_n of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o os_fw-la humeri_fw-la and_o some_o of_o those_o of_o the_o scapulâ—_n 23_o 23._o those_o part_n of_o the_o large_a trunk_n of_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o arm_n which_o be_v liable_a to_o be_v wound_v in_o open_v the_o vena_fw-la basilica_n or_o innermost_a of_o the_o three_o vein_n in_o the_o bend_v of_o the_o cubit_n see_v fig._n 1._o of_o this_o appendix_n between_o 26._o and_o m_o where_o the_o precise_a progress_n of_o
and_o from_o the_o mixture_n of_o these_o two_o juice_n be_v compound_v a_o proper_a menstruum_fw-la by_o which_o the_o part_n of_o the_o aliment_n be_v dissolve_v and_o receive_v their_o first_o transmutation_n within_o the_o body_n in_o this_o action_n which_o be_v a_o dissolution_n of_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o alimentary_a mass_n the_o aerial_a part_n include_v in_o its_o pore_n now_o escape_v from_o their_o former_a prison_n and_o be_v rarify_v distend_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o stomach_n and_o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o most_o man_n have_v less_o appetite_n at_o some_o distance_n of_o time_n viz._n when_o this_o intumescence_n be_v make_v than_o immediate_o after_o they_o cease_v from_o eat_v from_o the_o same_o cause_n arise_v frequent_a eructation_n great_a inflation_n from_o divers_a meat_n such_o as_o old_a pease_n cabbage_n root_n herb_n and_o other_o vegetable_n which_o very_o much_o disturb_v decay_v debilitate_a stomach_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o suspect_v the_o stomachick_n menstruum_fw-la may_v excite_v a_o intestine_a motion_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o mass_n in_o digestion_n which_o yet_o i_o do_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o call_v fermentation_n fear_v so_o bold_a a_o term_n may_v mislead_v we_o into_o a_o false_a idea_n of_o a_o great_a conflict_n than_o real_o happen_v the_o intumescence_n or_o dilatation_n of_o the_o stomach_n have_v two_o effect_n first_o to_o compress_v the_o gall_n bladder_n and_o pancreas_n and_o oblige_v their_o ductus_fw-la excretorii_fw-la to_o spew_v out_o their_o content_n into_o the_o duodenum_fw-la next_o to_o retard_v the_o refluent_a blood_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n dispose_v the_o muscular_a fibres_fw-fr of_o the_o ventricle_n to_o a_o contraction_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o last_o hint_n will_v appear_v by_o what_o we_o have_v offer_v concern_v muscular_a motion_n in_o the_o introduction_n to_o our_o myotomia_fw-la reformata_fw-la for_o the_o cause_n of_o hunger_n which_o be_v a_o observable_a phaenomenon_n belong_v to_o this_o part_n i_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v a_o irritation_n of_o the_o stomach_n arise_v from_o a_o copious_a quantity_n of_o this_o menstruum_fw-la when_o it_o want_v matter_n to_o act_v upon_o this_o conjecture_n seem_v more_o probable_a since_o it_o be_v natural_a to_o discharge_v the_o hospital_n out_o of_o the_o mouth_n which_o come_v into_o it_o at_o that_o time_n rather_o than_o suffer_v it_o to_o descend_v into_o the_o stomach_n and_o we_o may_v perpetual_o observe_v a_o deprave_a appetite_n do_v follow_v a_o vitiation_n of_o the_o saliva_n as_o in_o scorbutic_a habit_n salivation_n by_o mercurial_a medicine_n and_o such_o like_a case_n when_o the_o mass_n be_v sufficient_o prepare_v and_o reduce_v to_o a_o pultaceous_a consistence_n the_o stomach_n by_o the_o help_n of_o its_o muscular_a fibres_n contract_v itself_o and_o expel_v its_o content_n through_o the_o pylorus_n into_o the_o duodenum_fw-la where_o the_o digest_v mass_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o bile_n and_o pancreatic_a juice_n force_v to_o discharge_v itself_o here_o as_o be_v just_a now_o describe_v which_o volatilize_v subtiliate_v and_o separate_a the_o more_o fluid_a and_o fine_a part_n of_o the_o aliment_n from_o the_o more_o impure_a and_o gross_a and_o here_o it_o be_v that_o chylification_n be_v first_o make_v perfect_a now_o the_o bile_n abound_v with_o lixivial_a salt_n be_v apt_a to_o entangle_v with_o the_o grosser_n part_n of_o the_o chylaceous_a mass_n and_o its_o saline_n quality_n not_o only_o cleanse_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o gut_n from_o the_o mucus_fw-la excrete_v by_o their_o gland_n app._n fig._n 40._o to_o smear_v their_o inmost_a coat_n and_o defend_v the_o ostia_n of_o the_o lacteal_v vessel_n from_o be_v injure_v by_o extraneous_a body_n which_o may_v happen_v to_o pass_v that_o way_n but_o stimulate_v the_o intestine_n in_o their_o peristaltic_a motion_n the_o peristaltic_a or_o wormlike_a motion_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v thus_o accelerate_a by_o the_o acrimony_n of_o the_o bile_n the_o content_n of_o the_o intestine_n be_v carry_v on_o and_o the_o thin_a and_o more_o fluid_a part_n fit_v for_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o lacteal_v vessel_n be_v absorb_v by_o they_o and_o the_o thick_a move_n on_o more_o slow_o till_o by_o the_o many_o stop_v they_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o connivent_fw-la valve_n all_o the_o chyle_n be_v at_o length_n absorb_v and_o the_o remain_v be_v mere_o excrementitious_a be_v only_o fit_a to_o be_v exclude_v by_o stool_n this_o vermicular_a motion_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v perform_v by_o the_o alternate_a contraction_n of_o their_o longitudinal_n and_o transverse_a fibres_n app._n fig._n 39.40_o which_o at_o the_o same_o time_n convey_v the_o digest_v mass_n through_o the_o intestinal_a tube_n and_o express_v the_o chyle_n into_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o lacteal_v vessel_n adapt_v to_o receive_v it_o who_o progress_n from_o the_o intestine_n till_o it_o be_v discharge_v into_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n next_o present_v itself_o to_o our_o consideration_n by_o the_o reciprocal_a action_n of_o these_o differ_a fibre_n and_o the_o apposition_n of_o the_o connivent_fw-la valve_n tab._n 39_o fig._n 2._o the_o chyle_n be_v force_v into_o the_o lacteal_v vessel_n tab._n ib._n fig._n 1._o and_o hence_o it_o be_v we_o can_v make_v any_o fluid_a pass_n from_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o gut_n into_o the_o same_o vessel_n when_o the_o peristaltic_a motion_n cease_v a_o far_a use_n of_o the_o contraction_n of_o these_o muscular_a fibres_n be_v to_o accelerate_v the_o chyle_n in_o its_o progress_n till_o the_o lympha_fw-la derive_v from_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o gut_n join_v with_o it_o which_o be_v do_v before_o it_o leave_v the_o external_n surface_n of_o the_o intestine_n by_o this_o addition_n the_o chyle_n be_v dilute_v and_o assist_v in_o its_o progress_n towards_o the_o mesenterick_n gland_n in_o the_o cell_n of_o which_o it_o be_v a_o second_o time_n mix_v with_o a_o juice_n or_o lymphatic_a liquor_n there_o secrete_v from_o the_o artery_n and_o so_o carry_v on_o to_o the_o vasa_n lactea_fw-la secundi_fw-la generis_fw-la these_o vessel_n resemble_v pipe_n convey_v the_o chyle_n from_o hence_o all_o empty_n themselves_o into_o the_o common_a receptacle_n or_o cistern_n the_o happy_a discovery_n of_o which_o we_o owe_v to_o the_o observation_n of_o mons._n pecquet_n it_o be_v here_o the_o lympha_fw-la return_v from_o the_o inferior_a limb_n and_o adjacent_a part_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o chyle_n app._n fig._n 11._o which_o not_o only_o serve_v to_o dilute_v but_o promote_v its_o ascent_n through_o the_o thoracick_a dust_n fig._n ib._n to_o the_o lest_o subclavian_n vein_n fig._n ib._n where_o this_o channel_n empty_v its_o content_n into_o the_o main_a current_n of_o the_o blood_n if_o we_o consider_v in_o this_o dust_n its_o several_a division_n and_o inosculation_n resemble_v the_o vein_n of_o the_o testicle_n its_o numerous_a valve_n look_v from_o below_o upward_o its_o advantageous_a situation_n between_o the_o great_a artery_n and_o vertebra_n of_o the_o back_n together_o with_o the_o duct_n discharge_v their_o refluent_a lympha_fw-la from_o the_o lung_n and_o the_o other_o neighbour_a part_n we_o shall_v find_v all_o conduce_v to_o demonstrate_v the_o utmost_a art_n of_o nature_n use_v in_o further_a the_o steep_a and_o perpendicular_a ascent_n of_o the_o chyle_n which_o beautiful_a order_n be_v represent_v app._n fig._n 11._o and_o can_v but_o equal_o create_v in_o we_o delight_n and_o admiration_n have_v trace_v this_o animal_n juice_n to_o its_o reception_n into_o the_o blood_n with_o which_o it_o be_v at_o last_o circulate_v and_o assimulate_v we_o shall_v proceed_v to_o the_o blood_n itself_o who_o circular_a motion_n the_o various_a artifices_fw-la of_o nature_n for_o adjust_v the_o proportion_n and_o other_o subordinate_a contrivance_n the_o manner_n and_o cause_n of_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o artery_n respiration_n with_o the_o whole_a theory_n of_o the_o lympha_fw-la and_o glandular_a secretion_n in_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n follow_v the_o refluent_a blood_n in_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la meeting_n in_o the_o right_a auricle_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v thence_o expel_v by_o its_o contraction_n into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o its_o diastole_n but_o by_o its_o systole_n or_o contraction_n it_o be_v thence_o drive_v into_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonaris_n from_o who_o capillary_a vessel_n it_o pass_v into_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonaris_n and_o thence_o return_v be_v discharge_v into_o the_o left_a auricle_n and_o ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v again_o by_o the_o systole_n drive_v into_o the_o aorta_n by_o who_o branch_n it_o be_v convey_v through_o the_o whole_a system_n of_o the_o body_n but_o when_o it_o arrive_v in_o the_o capillary_a artery_n it_o do_v not_o stop_v there_o but_o pass_v into_o the_o like_a
capillary_a vein_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o the_o great_a branch_n next_o into_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o so_o into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n again_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o three_o tricuspid_a valve_n in_o the_o right_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 6._o and_o the_o two_o mitral_a valve_n tab._n ead_a fig._n 12._o in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n oppose_v its_o return_n into_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o vena_fw-la pulmonaris_n and_o the_o semilunary_a valve_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonaris_n tab._n ead_a fig._n 14._o and_o aorta_n tab._n ib._n fig._n 13._o prevent_v its_o reflux_n into_o the_o ventricles_n the_o structure_n and_o position_n of_o which_o membrane_n be_v sufficient_a alone_o to_o lead_v all_o observe_v man_n into_o a_o complete_a knowledge_n of_o its_o motion_n and_o progress_n the_o circular_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v first_o explain_v and_o the_o whole_a demonstrate_v in_o a_o treatise_n express_o write_v upon_o that_o subject_a and_o publish_v in_o the_o year_n 1628._o by_o our_o learned_a and_o ingenious_a dr._n harvey_n to_o omit_v all_o dispute_n here_o how_o far_o this_o be_v know_v to_o cesalpinus_n columbus_n servetus_n or_o any_o of_o the_o anatomist_n or_o virtuoso_n of_o the_o last_o age._n but_o the_o manner_n how_o this_o animal_n liquor_n be_v transmit_v from_o the_o artery_n to_o the_o vein_n have_v remain_v hitherto_o a_o secret_a and_o afford_v matter_n of_o controversy_n some_o pretend_v this_o be_v do_v by_o some_o blind_a imperceptible_fw-fr meatus_fw-la in_o the_o carnous_a part_n and_o perplex_v themselves_o to_o give_v irrational_a and_o chimerical_a account_n which_o we_o shall_v not_o here_o lose_v time_n to_o enumerate_v or_o refute_v but_o the_o late_a great_a improvement_n of_o microscope_n have_v put_v a_o end_n to_o all_o these_o uncertain_a conjecture_n by_o discover_v to_o our_o naked_a eye_n that_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n be_v but_o one_o continue_v inflect_v tube_n and_o the_o blood_n pass_v from_o one_o to_o the_o other_o in_o a_o uninterrupted_a current_n which_o unity_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n by_o a_o parity_n of_o reason_n we_o infer_v extend_v to_o the_o whole_a system_n and_o will_v hardly_o be_v question_v by_o those_o who_o consider_v the_o prompt_a passage_n of_o mercury_n and_o other_o injected_a liquor_n from_o the_o artery_n to_o the_o vein_n or_o see_v the_o globule_n of_o blood_n pass_v these_o angustia_n and_o revert_v with_o incredible_a rapidity_n in_o the_o fin_n of_o fish_n app._n f._n 4_o 5._o which_o curious_a discovery_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v repute_v the_o least_o advancement_n which_o this_o part_n of_o natural_a history_n have_v receive_v the_o great_a engine_n which_o set_v all_o this_o motion_n on_o foot_n be_v the_o heart_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 9_o by_o who_o repeat_v elastic_a contraction_n the_o blood_n be_v drive_v to_o the_o remote_a part_n through_o the_o arterial_a system_n app._n fig._n 3._o and_o force_v to_o continue_v its_o motion_n back_o through_o the_o venous_a channel_n this_o elastic_a force_n be_v primary_o seat_v in_o its_o own_o muscular_a fibres_n who_o spiral_n contortion_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 2_o 3._o be_v very_o well_o describe_v by_o dr._n lower_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr cord_n but_o the_o pendulous_a position_n and_o the_o fibre_n which_o compose_v its_o great_a artery_n i._n e._n the_o pulmonaris_n and_o aorta_n assist_v very_o much_o and_o the_o heart_n take_v out_o of_o the_o body_n and_o hold_v up_o by_o the_o artery_n will_v continue_v the_o least_o gentle_a motion_n impress_v on_o it_o for_o a_o considerable_a time_n which_o effect_n can_v only_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o elasticity_n of_o the_o arterial_a trunk_n by_o which_o it_o be_v suspend_v the_o heart_n be_v the_o immediate_a instrument_n but_o what_o be_v the_o vis_fw-fr motrix_fw-la which_o force_v its_o fibre_n to_o a_o contraction_n be_v a_o far_o great_a difficulty_n and_o one_o of_o the_o most_o abstruse_a inscrutable_a mystery_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v in_o this_o respect_n our_o body_n differ_v from_o artificial_a machine_n the_o former_a have_v in_o themselves_o a_o perpetual_a principle_n of_o motion_n which_o the_o latter_a by_o no_o invention_n of_o man_n can_v arrive_v at_o in_o my_o opinion_n the_o heart_n of_o a_o animal_n bear_v a_o great_a analogy_n to_o the_o pendulum_n of_o those_o artificial_a automata_n clock_n and_o watch_n whilst_o its_o motion_n be_v perform_v like_o that_o of_o other_o muscle_n the_o blood_n do_v the_o office_n of_o a_o pondus_fw-la the_o observation_n of_o the_o curious_a mons._n peyer_n in_o parergo_fw-la septimo_fw-la seem_v to_o favour_v this_o opinion_n who_o tell_v we_o he_o have_v with_o pleasure_n see_v the_o heart_n renew_v its_o contraction_n by_o blow_v into_o the_o thoracick_a dust_n when_o the_o part_n have_v begin_v to_o grow_v stiff_a after_o death_n the_o like_a motion_n of_o the_o heart_n i_o have_v more_o than_o once_o observe_v to_o be_v restore_v by_o blow_v into_o the_o vein_n of_o a_o dog_n and_o pour_v warm_a water_n on_o it_o or_o apply_v the_o palm_n of_o the_o hand_n not_o long_o after_o its_o cessation_n beside_o the_o quantity_n doubtless_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o blood_n have_v a_o share_n since_o all_o distemper_n which_o alter_v the_o mass_n at_o the_o same_o time_n create_v a_o hurry_n and_o disorder_n in_o its_o motion_n to_o explain_v the_o action_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o this_o case_n and_o the_o influence_n it_o have_v over_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n we_o must_v consider_v its_o nature_n constituent_a part_n and_o the_o alteration_n it_o be_v dispose_v to_o receive_v this_o animal_n fluid_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n serous_a and_o globular_a the_o distinction_n of_o these_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v evident_a to_o the_o naked_a eye_n after_o its_o stagnation_n in_o any_o vessel_n but_o be_v clear_o evince_v by_o the_o microscope_n in_o its_o circulation_n through_o the_o tail_n and_o fin_n of_o fish_n and_o other_o transparent_a part_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o be_v represent_v appendix_n fig._n 4_o 5._o where_o the_o globule_n seem_v to_o swim_v in_o the_o serum_fw-la in_o this_o state_n of_o mixture_n now_o the_o blood_n be_v in_o this_o manner_n a_o heterogeneous_a liquor_n compose_v of_o particle_n of_o various_a magnitude_n and_o figure_n must_v be_v subject_a to_o a_o intestine_a motion_n but_o the_o great_a rapidity_n of_o its_o current_n through_o the_o artery_n and_o the_o angustiae_fw-la in_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n not_o admit_v any_o retrograde_a motion_n to_o be_v there_o make_v it_o be_v defer_v till_o it_o arrive_v in_o the_o great_a vein_n where_o its_o progress_n be_v retard_v and_o the_o room_n more_o spacious_a and_o the_o intestine_a motion_n there_o commence_v which_o arise_v to_o a_o great_a or_o less_o height_n as_o the_o blood_n be_v more_o or_o less_o charge_v with_o incongruous_a part_n the_o alteration_n which_o the_o blood_n by_o this_o mean_n receive_v have_v no_o inconsiderable_a share_n in_o the_o heart_n contraction_n and_o though_o it_o be_v not_o the_o prime_n efficient_a cause_n yet_o we_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o it_o be_v partial_a and_o incitative_a as_o appear_v in_o fever_n and_o several_a other_o distemper_n where_o the_o whole_a mass_n be_v accelerate_a and_o the_o pulse_n more_o frequent_a beside_o all_o these_o cause_n the_o brain_n by_o its_o nervous_a trunk_n send_v to_o this_o part_n which_o be_v very_o thick_a and_o tense_n yet_o lie_v very_o loose_a contribute_v much_o to_o this_o action_n and_o here_o we_o may_v observe_v not_o only_o these_o of_o the_o heart_n but_o the_o whole_a system_n of_o nerve_n which_o serve_v the_o viscera_n in_o the_o thorax_n and_o low_a belly_n have_v their_o propagines_fw-la very_o numerous_a and_o tense_n notwithstanding_o which_o they_o lie_v loose_a or_o free_a in_o their_o progress_n from_o the_o brain_n to_o their_o respective_a part_n both_o which_o concur_v in_o dispose_v they_o to_o receive_v and_o retain_v all_o impression_n from_o their_o extremity_n this_o faculty_n beginning_n to_o exert_v itself_o even_o while_o the_o foetus_fw-la be_v in_o vtero_fw-la grow_v familiar_a and_o natural_a and_o from_o this_o early_a habit_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o infant_n they_o after_o perform_v their_o duty_n sleep_v or_o wake_v without_o the_o least_o advertence_n but_o this_o by_o the_o by_o and_o now_o if_o what_o have_v be_v note_a shall_v be_v think_v sufficient_a to_o give_v ground_n to_o hope_v future_a inquiry_n may_v discover_v more_o adequate_a cause_n of_o this_o great_a phaenomenon_n we_o have_v obtain_v our_o desire_n and_o shall_v leave_v these_o hint_n to_o be_v improve_v by_o man_n of_o more_o industry_n and_o leasure_n before_o we_o leave_v this_o subject_a we_o must_v not_o omit_v to_o remark_n some_o observable_a artifices_fw-la of_o nature_n for_o the_o better_a carry_v
on_o the_o circulation_n the_o first_o be_v the_o valve_n place_v in_o the_o several_a divarication_n of_o the_o vein_n between_o their_o capillar_n extremity_n and_o large_a trunk_n these_o be_v membrane_n proceed_v from_o the_o inner_a coat_n of_o the_o vessel_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o crescent_n or_o c._n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a greek_a sigma_fw-la and_o be_v general_o double_a with_o their_o concavity_n look_v towards_o the_o heart_n and_o ready_o give_v way_n to_o the_o current_n of_o the_o blood_n thither_o as_o be_v represent_v tab._n 23._o f._n 7._o but_o if_o by_o its_o weight_n or_o any_o other_o cause_n the_o blood_n shall_v revert_v they_o oppose_v it_o and_o be_v distend_v prevent_v its_o return_n from_o the_o great_a trunk_n of_o vein_n to_o the_o lesser_a and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n hinder_v the_o superincumb_a blood_n from_o press_v on_o the_o inferior_a concern_v which_o consult_v tab._n 23._o fig._n 6._o another_o considerable_a artifice_n in_o nature_n be_v the_o convey_v great_a quantity_n of_o refluent_a blood_n from_o several_a part_n of_o the_o trunk_n by_o particular_a channel_n instead_o of_o discharge_v it_o by_o the_o next_o and_o most_o immediate_a passage_n into_o the_o neighbour_a current_n dr._n lower_n have_v well_o observe_v that_o the_o heart_n be_v not_o place_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o body_n but_o incline_v to_o its_o upper_a part_n which_o position_n be_v necessary_a to_o drive_a the_o blood_n in_o its_o systole_n to_o the_o head_n with_o more_o force_n than_o be_v require_v to_o make_v it_o descend_v to_o the_o foot_n to_o which_o its_o own_o weight_n and_o fluidity_n do_v not_o a_o little_a conduce_v now_o the_o heart_n be_v seat_v so_o near_o the_o upper_a part_n as_o that_o two_o part_n in_o three_o of_o the_o whole_a fabric_n appear_v to_o be_v below_o it_o there_o must_v be_v a_o like_a inequality_n of_o blood_n send_v to_o the_o inferior_a part_n to_o that_o which_o ascend_v to_o the_o superior_a and_o this_o we_o see_v confirm_v by_o compare_v the_o diameter_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n descend_v with_o the_o ascend_v the_o former_a be_v much_o large_a than_o the_o latter_a this_o great_a disproportion_n of_o blood_n in_o the_o upper_a system_v to_o that_o of_o the_o low_a seem_v to_o threaten_v a_o great_a disturbance_n in_o the_o animal_n order_n but_o be_v prevent_v by_o the_o provident_a care_n of_o the_o author_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o manner_n we_o be_v now_o about_o to_o describe_v the_o intercostal_a artery_n app._n f._n 3._o which_o arise_v from_o the_o low_o system_v be_v accompany_v with_o vein_n that_o return_v the_o blood_n they_o export_v which_o do_v not_o enter_v into_o the_o next_o large_a trunk_n according_a to_o the_o ordinary_a process_n of_o nature_n in_o other_o part_n but_o be_v all_o unite_a into_o one_o channel_n and_o sometime_o two_o which_o ascend_v by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi and_o empty_v itself_o into_o the_o descend_v trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la there_o discharge_v all_o its_o refluent_a blood_n which_o have_v it_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o ascend_v trunk_n it_o must_v have_v add_v so_o great_a a_o weight_n that_o the_o blood_n can_v not_o have_v pass_v up_o to_o the_o heart_n which_o it_o now_o easy_o do_v beside_o these_o the_o mammary_n vein_n likewise_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o subclavian_n so_o that_o all_o the_o blood_n arise_v from_o the_o parietes_fw-la of_o the_o thorax_n the_o back_n and_o its_o muscle_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o the_o scapulae_fw-la return_v again_o to_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o upper_a trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la though_o it_o be_v send_v thither_o from_o the_o low_a trunk_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la another_o contrivance_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v observable_a in_o the_o vena_fw-la porta_n which_o receive_v the_o blood_n from_o the_o stomach_n omentum_fw-la spleen_n pancreas_n gut_n and_o mesentery_n send_v thither_o by_o the_o coeliack_n and_o mesenterick_n artery_n which_o large_a quantity_n have_v it_o enter_v into_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la immediate_o below_o the_o liver_n or_o kidney_n its_o weight_n so_o far_o beneath_o the_o diaphragm_n must_v have_v hinder_v its_o ascent_n wherefore_o the_o vena_fw-la porta_n not_o unlike_o the_o azygos_n of_o the_o thorax_n before_o note_a carry_v up_o all_o the_o blood_n by_o another_o channel_n and_o discharge_v it_o into_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la within_o the_o liver_n where_o it_o be_v dilute_v and_o propel_v by_o the_o refluent_a blood_n from_o the_o splenick_n vein_n and_o afterward_o assist_v in_o its_o ascent_n by_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o diaphragm_n here_o i_o can_v forbear_v make_v a_o digression_n and_o present_v my_o conjecture_n of_o the_o use_n and_o office_n of_o the_o spleen_n since_o it_o minister_v in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o animal_n oeconomy_n the_o arteria_fw-la splenica_fw-la be_v not_o only_o very_o large_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o spleen_n but_o have_v a_o remarkable_a tortuous_a passage_n to_o it_o tab._n 36._o f._n 1._o whence_o we_o may_v conceive_v as_o the_o quantity_n of_o blood_n send_v to_o the_o spleen_n be_v very_o great_a so_o it_o be_v impetus_fw-la be_v very_o much_o abate_v next_o the_o communication_n between_o the_o extremity_n of_o its_o artery_n and_o vein_n be_v very_o large_a as_o appear_v by_o the_o prompt_a exit_fw-la which_o water_n pour_v into_o one_o find_v by_o the_o other_o and_o the_o inflation_n of_o the_o vein_n which_o be_v easy_o make_v by_o blow_v into_o the_o artery_n when_o the_o whole_a spleen_n and_o its_o vein_n become_v distend_v with_o it_o the_o lymphducts_a of_o the_o spleen_n we_o have_v observe_v tab._n 36._o fig._n 1._o to_o arise_v from_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la at_o the_o extremity_n of_o its_o vein_n and_o discharge_v their_o content_n into_o the_o neighbour_a lymphatic_a gland_n whence_o it_o be_v send_v into_o the_o receptacule_n of_o the_o chyle_n its_o nerve_n be_v distribute_v through_o its_o whole_a substance_n and_o serve_v to_o preserve_v its_o tone_n and_o regulate_v the_o separation_n of_o its_o lympha_fw-la and_o nutritive_a juice_n but_o the_o most_o exact_a scrutiny_n of_o anatomist_n can_v never_o yet_o discover_v any_o excretory-duct_a arise_v from_o this_o viscus_fw-la and_o indeed_o the_o patent_n communication_n of_o its_o vessel_n seem_v a_o convince_a proof_n that_o no_o such_o excretory-duct_a can_v exist_v but_o must_v appear_v very_o plain_a beside_o it_o seem_v extravagant_a and_o unbecoming_a the_o wonderful_a providence_n of_o nature_n to_o separate_a any_o particular_a juice_n in_o the_o artery_n here_o to_o be_v instant_o refund_v into_o the_o vein_n and_o we_o can_v hardly_o conceive_v the_o blood_n can_v suffer_v any_o alteration_n in_o a_o place_n where_o the_o transit_fw-la from_o the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o be_v so_o ample_a after_o these_o consideration_n premise_v if_o the_o problem_n be_v propose_v what_o can_v be_v the_o design_n of_o the_o great_a architect_n of_o our_o body_n in_o the_o fabrication_n of_o so_o large_a and_o remarkable_a a_o part_n without_o any_o fluid_a secrete_v in_o it_o beside_o its_o own_o nutritive_a juice_n and_o lympha_fw-la i_o believe_v our_o hypothesis_n will_v enable_v we_o to_o give_v a_o sufficient_a reply_n to_o this_o seem_a invincible_a difficulty_n with_o which_o learned_a man_n have_v exceed_o perplex_v themselves_o i_o conceive_v then_o the_o spleen_n be_v design_v by_o nature_n as_o a_o diverticle_n to_o receive_v a_o large_a proportion_n of_o blood_n to_o be_v refund_v by_o its_o vein_n into_o the_o porta_n and_o promote_v the_o reflux_n of_o the_o blood_n import_v thither_o from_o the_o stomach_n gut_n pancreas_n mesentery_n etc._n etc._n by_o who_o slow_a progress_n through_o the_o innumerable_a gland_n of_o those_o part_n it_o return_v thick_a and_o unfit_a for_o motion_n and_o this_o seem_v but_o necessary_a that_o a_o new_a quantity_n of_o blood_n charge_v with_o a_o copious_a serum_fw-la shall_v be_v infund_v into_o this_o refluent_a liquor_n before_o it_o arrive_v at_o the_o liver_n to_o dispose_v it_o to_o pass_v the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o add_v a_o fresh_a impetus_fw-la to_o its_o languid_a motion_n cause_v by_o its_o long_a and_o tortutous_a progress_n this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o use_n and_o office_n of_o the_o spleen_n and_o seem_v to_o have_v all_o the_o circumstance_n the_o law_n of_o mechanism_n require_v for_o this_o purpose_n the_o novelty_n of_o which_o opinion_n will_v i_o hope_v be_v no_o prejudice_n to_o its_o reception_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o candid_a and_o impartial_a men._n have_v thus_o represent_v the_o circulation_n the_o order_n of_o nature_n lead_v we_o to_o respiration_n which_o serve_v in_o convey_v the_o blood_n from_o the_o right_n to_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o impregnate_v it_o with_o
divers_a transverse_n strong_a ligament_n in_o the_o lateral_a sinus_n f_o f_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o brain_n in_o the_o longitudinal_n sinus_n g_o g_o that_o part_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n which_o adhere_v to_o the_o lamdoidal_a suture_a of_o the_o skull_n h_o the_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la go_v out_o of_o the_o great_a foramen_fw-la of_o the_o skull_n in_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la ay_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la cover_v with_o the_o dura_n mater_n fig._n 3._o a_o part_v of_o the_o longitudinal_n sinus_n open_v b_o b_o etc._n etc._n the_o vein_n of_o the_o brain_n before_o they_o enter_v the_o sinus_n c_o c_o their_o orifice_n open_v into_o the_o sinus_n various_o some_o of_o they_o be_v parallel_n to_o their_o trunk_n other_o vein_n first_o pass_v in_o the_o duplicature_n of_o the_o sinus_n forward_o and_o other_o backward_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o progressive_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v not_o only_o assist_v in_o some_o position_n of_o the_o head_n and_o it_o be_v too_o rapid_a motion_n prevent_v in_o other_o but_o a_o due_a mixture_n and_o reunion_n of_o its_o part_n be_v make_v after_o undergo_a so_o elaborate_a a_o strainer_n as_o that_o of_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n especial_o in_o its_o cortical_a or_o glandulous_a part._n fig._n 4._o a_o a_o the_o posterior_n and_o lateral_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n cover_v with_o its_o meninge_n b_o b_o the_o os_fw-la petrosum_fw-la break_v off_o from_o the_o cranium_fw-la c_o part_v of_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n divide_v from_o the_o skull_n d_o the_o inferior_a and_o tortuous_a part_n of_o the_o lateral_a sinus_n on_o the_o left_a side_n open_v in_o which_o may_v be_v observe_v its_o transverse_n strong_a ligament_n express_v fig._n 2._o e._n e_o the_o cavity_n in_o the_o os_fw-la petrosum_fw-la or_o specus_fw-la which_o receive_v the_o bulbous_a part_n of_o the_o lateral_a sinus_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o jugular_a vein_n f_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n g_o a_o probe_n insert_v into_o the_o jugular_a vein_n by_o the_o sinus_n h_o the_o bulbous_a part_n of_o the_o lateral_a sinus_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o specus_fw-la of_o the_o os_fw-la petrosum_fw-la fig._n 5._o a_o a_o part_v of_o the_o lateral_a sinus_n cut_v off_o b_o b_o a_o lacerate_v portion_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n which_o involve_v that_o sinus_n expanded_a c_o the_o bulbous_a part_n of_o that_o sinus_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o specus_fw-la or_o cavity_n of_o the_o os_fw-la petrosum_fw-la which_o be_v a_o diverticulum_n to_o the_o refluent_a blood_n lest_o it_o shall_v too_o sudden_o press_v into_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n d_o d_o d_o the_o filament_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n break_v off_o e_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n as_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o vein_n of_o this_o part_n differ_v from_o that_o of_o other_o so_o also_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o brain_n have_v a_o peculiar_a organization_n at_o their_o entrance_n from_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o those_o of_o other_o part_n as_o do_v somewhat_o appear_v in_o the_o follow_a figure_n we_o have_v also_o figure_v this_o disposition_n of_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o carotid_v artery_n find_v they_o much_o more_o tortuous_a than_o they_o be_v here_o represent_v vid._n app._n fig._n 3.13_o 14._o fig._n 6._o a_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o carotid_v artery_n pass_v towards_o the_o brain_n b_o c_o part_v of_o its_o membrane_n borrow_v of_o the_o dura_n mater_n separate_v and_o expanded_a d_o d_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o artery_n next_o the_o heart_n the_o vertebral_n artery_n also_o enter_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o skull_n very_o much_o contort_a as_o appear_v in_o the_o three_o figure_n of_o our_o appendix_n and_o again_o in_o the_o eight_o figure_n where_o two_o show_v their_o pass_v through_o the_o transverse_a process_n of_o the_o first_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n k_o k_o their_o trunk_n march_v between_o the_o first_o vertebra_n and_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la to_o the_o great_a foramen_fw-la of_o the_o last_o name_v bone_n through_o which_o they_o pass_v into_o the_o skull_n and_o afterward_o conjunct_o make_v up_o the_o cervical_a artery_n the_o design_n of_o these_o curvation_n in_o the_o artery_n before_o they_o enter_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o skull_n be_v to_o prevent_v too_o great_a a_o swiftness_n of_o the_o current_n of_o the_o blood_n through_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o be_v place_v so_o near_o the_o heart_n will_v also_o suffer_v by_o its_o too_o great_a pulsation_n be_v it_o not_o that_o the_o contort_a trunk_n of_o these_o artery_n lessen_v its_o force_n else_o the_o frequent_a disorderly_a motion_n of_o the_o heart_n will_v make_v we_o as_o often_o incident_a to_o suffer_v great_a inconvenience_n in_o the_o brain_n yet_o nevertheless_o we_o be_v incident_a to_o suffer_v in_o some_o degree_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o passion_n of_o the_o mind_n wherein_o the_o heart_n be_v affect_v so_o sudden_o disorder_v the_o reason_n the_o seven_o table_n fig._n 1._o represent_v the_o posterior_n part_v of_o the_o brain_n as_o it_o appear_v lie_v on_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o skull_n it_o be_v upper_a part_n be_v free_v from_o the_o dura_n mater_n a_o a_o the_o hinder_v lobe_n of_o the_o brain_n raise_v and_o draw_v somewhat_o forward_o b_o c_o etc._n etc._n the_o ligature_n and_o two_o piece_n of_o wood_n make_v use_v of_o for_o the_o better_a support_v the_o brain_n in_o that_o position_n d_o d_o part_n of_o divers_a quadruplicature_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n e_o e_o a_o division_n of_o the_o second_o process_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n on_o the_o left_a side_n in_o which_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la appear_v f_o f_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la lay_v bare_a in_o that_o division_n g_o h_n the_o second_o process_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n on_o the_o right_a side_n entire_o cover_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la i_o i_o ay_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la whence_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o skull_n be_v divide_v k_o k_o the_o common_a integument_n of_o the_o head_n turn_v off_o fig._n 2._o the_o inner_a face_n of_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la together_o with_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la etc._n etc._n a_o a_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la incline_v forward_o towards_o the_o cella_n turcica_n so_o that_o its_o back_n part_n which_o rest_v on_o the_o os_fw-mi occipitale_fw-it come_v in_o view_n b_o b_o the_o hindmost_a part_n of_o the_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la in_o its_o passage_n out_o of_o the_o great_a foramen_fw-la of_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la b_o the_o processus_n vermiformis_fw-la of_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la c_o c_o c_o divers_a root_n of_o the_o eight_o nine_o and_o part_n of_o the_o ten_o pair_n of_o nerve_n a_o a_o the_o accessary_a nerve_n accompany_v those_o of_o the_o eight_o pair_n at_o their_o egress_n d_o d_o etc._n etc._n the_o crassa_n meninx_n or_o dura_n mater_n e_o e_o etc._n etc._n part_n of_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o skull_n f_o f_o the_o hairy_a scalp_n diffect_v g_o part_v of_o the_o pericranium_n raise_v h_o the_o left_a ear._n the_o eight_o table_n fig._n 1._o be_v part_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n together_o with_o the_o falx_n dry_v a_o a_o the_o falx_n support_v so_o as_o to_o show_v its_o proper_a extent_n and_o figure_n b_o b_o the_o sinus_n falcis_fw-la superior_n or_o longitudinalis_fw-la open_v c_o the_o sinus_n falcis_fw-la inferior_n not_o distinguish_v in_o this_o figure_n d_o d_o etc._n etc._n the_o orifice_n of_o vein_n open_v into_o the_o longitudinal_n sinus_n and_o trunk_n of_o other_o vein_n go_v to_o it_o e_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o longitudinal_n sinus_n at_o the_o o_o crista_n galli_n f_o f_o the_o left_a lateral_a sinus_n g_o g_o g_o two_o part_n of_o the_o quadruplicature_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n lie_v between_o the_o cerebrum_fw-la and_o cerebellum_fw-la h_o h_n etc._n etc._n the_o stick_v thread_n and_o pin_n make_v use_v of_o to_o support_v the_o membrane_n in_o dry_v it_o fig._n 2._o part_n of_o the_o above_o mention_v sinus_n distend_v with_o wind_n and_o dry_v together_o with_o part_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n a_o the_o longitudinal_n sinus_n b_o b_o the_o two_o lateral_a sinus_n c_o the_o four_o sinus_n d_o a_o large_a vein_n which_o empty_v its_o blood_n at_o the_o conjunction_n of_o the_o four_o sinus_n which_o union_n of_o the_o sinus_n be_v call_v torcular_a herophili_n fig._n 3._o the_o connection_n or_o beginning_n of_o the_o falx_n at_o the_o o_o crista_n galli_n a_o the_o os_fw-la cribrosum_fw-la b_o the_o crista_n galli_n c_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o falx_n cleave_v to_o the_o crista_n galli_n fig._n 4._o part_v of_o the_o falx_n dry_v and_o express_v somewhat_o big_a than_o the_o life_n a_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o
14._o represent_v in_o like_a manner_n a_o portion_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la a_o a_o a_o the_o three_o sigmoidal_a or_o semilunary_a valve_n the_o twenty-third_a table_n fig._n 1._o represent_v the_o external_n coat_n of_o a_o vein_n view_v with_o a_o microscope_n a_o b_o c_o d_o the_o fibre_n extend_v according_a to_o the_o length_n of_o the_o vessel_n where_o may_v be_v observe_v the_o vasa_n vasorum_fw-la fig._n 2._o a_o the_o second_o coat_n of_o the_o vein_n call_v by_o dr._n willis_n the_o vasculous_a and_o glandulous_a coat_n fig._n 3._o the_o three_o or_o internal_a tunick_n of_o a_o vein_n compose_v of_o circular_a fibres_n fig._n 4_o the_o external_n coat_n of_o a_o artery_n consist_v of_o a_o rete_fw-la of_o small_a nerve_n a_o blood-vessel_n b_o and_o membranous_a expansion_n c_o on_o this_o membrane_n of_o the_o artery_n divers_a glandulous_a body_n appear_v compose_v great_a and_o lesser_a cluster_n d_o e_o various_o disperse_v fig._n 5._o a_o b_o the_o second_o coat_n of_o a_o artery_n consist_v of_o divers_a strata_n of_o fibres_n various_o decussate_v each_o other_o and_o join_v with_o the_o internal_a or_o three_o coat_n fig._n 6._o a_o b_o c_o the_o inner_a and_o smooth_a surface_n of_o the_o three_o or_o most_o internal_a coat_n of_o the_o artery_n where_o the_o foramina_fw-la for_o the_o branch_n which_o arise_v out_o of_o it_o be_v express_v and_o its_o fibre_n extend_v according_a to_o its_o length_n b_o c._n the_o great_a trunk_n of_o the_o artery_n do_v evident_o appear_v to_o consist_v of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o strata_n of_o fibres_n than_o those_o of_o the_o vein_n but_o the_o far_o they_o recede_v from_o the_o heart_n they_o be_v both_o still_o more_o and_o more_o subdivide_v and_o their_o trunk_n and_o capillary_a branch_n become_v still_o thin_a and_o thin_a till_o their_o outmost_a extremity_n consist_v of_o one_o single_a transparent_a membrane_n chief_o compose_v of_o such_o tube_n as_o only_o convey_v their_o succus_fw-la nutritius_n and_o this_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v may_v serve_v for_o the_o description_n of_o blood-vessel_n in_o general_a and_o shall_v far_o consider_v the_o organization_n of_o the_o several_a extremity_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n in_o speak_v of_o their_o particular_a office_n relate_v to_o secretion_n in_o the_o several_a part_n wherefore_o at_o present_a shall_v only_o mention_v that_o the_o extremity_n of_o vein_n and_o artery_n be_v continue_v channel_n various_o contort_a and_o not_o all_o of_o they_o of_o a_o equal_a size_n even_o in_o part_n which_o be_v uniform_a or_o the_o same_o vid._n app._n fig._n 4.5_o after_o the_o blood_n have_v pass_v the_o extremity_n of_o its_o vessel_n and_o be_v in_o its_o return_n to_o the_o heart_n again_o by_o the_o vein_n it_o there_o meet_v with_o divers_a valve_n or_o stop_v which_o prevent_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o inferior_a part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o recoil_n of_o it_o in_o the_o superior_a when_o any_o violent_a motion_n affect_v the_o thorax_n as_o in_o cough_n from_o press_v on_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o hinder_v its_o progressive_a motion_n that_o there_o be_v a_o recoil_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o any_o extraordinary_a motion_n of_o the_o thorax_n in_o the_o jugular_a vein_n may_v be_v observe_v in_o take_v blood_n from_o thence_o especial_o in_o child_n hence_o it_o be_v the_o valve_n in_o those_o vein_n be_v necessary_a lest_o the_o blood_n shall_v again_o repass_v into_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o brain_n with_o great_a violence_n which_o be_v also_o prevent_v in_o the_o contortion_n make_v in_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n in_o its_o specus_fw-la in_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o skull_n i_o must_v confess_v i_o never_o yet_o observe_v above_o two_o valve_n one_o opposite_a to_o the_o other_o in_o the_o large_a vein_n that_o be_v furnish_v with_o valve_n however_o anatomist_n common_o mention_v three_o and_o professor_n bidloo_n tell_v we_o of_o four_o and_o five_o valve_n as_o they_o appear_v in_o the_o follow_a figure_n fig._n 7._o part_v of_o a_o vein_n extend_v with_o wind_n and_o dry_v have_v a_o double_a valve_n or_o two_o valve_n of_o semilunary_a figure_n place_v opposite_a to_o each_o other_o fig._n 8._o a_o a_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o jugular_a vein_n blow_v up_o and_o dry_v b_o b_o b_o its_o threefold_a valve_n fig._n 9_o part_v of_o a_o vein_n with_o five_o valve_n fig._n 10_o 11._o a_o a_o the_o portion_n of_o vein_n express_v in_o the_o two_o precede_a figure_n lay_v open_a b_o b_o etc._n etc._n their_o valve_n as_o they_o appear_v in_o their_o inside_n fig._n 12._o the_o valve_n as_o they_o appear_v in_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o vein_n according_a to_o bidloo_n fig._n 13._o two_o valve_n as_o they_o appear_v when_o take_v out_o of_o the_o vein_n fig._n 14._o the_o unequal_a distance_n of_o the_o valve_n in_o the_o vein_n the_o vestigia_fw-la of_o the_o valve_n be_v here_o only_o express_v as_o they_o appear_v when_o the_o vein_n be_v extend_v with_o wind._n fig._n 15._o represent_v according_a to_o bidloo_n a_o system_n of_o the_o artery_n inject_v with_o wax_n and_o free_v from_o the_o body_n of_o a_o infant_n six_o month_n old_a which_o he_o tell_v we_o he_o have_v reserve_v if_o so_o it_o be_v a_o great_a rarity_n indeed_o for_o have_v more_o than_o once_o free_v the_o artery_n from_o the_o body_n of_o a_o infant_n as_o well_o as_o from_o a_o adult_n and_o find_v they_o far_o differ_v from_o this_o figure_n and_o not_o much_o disagree_v with_o the_o description_n and_o figure_n of_o vesalius_n and_o other_o i_o can_v look_v on_o this_o but_o as_o a_o prodigy_n in_o nature_n wherefore_o i_o shall_v here_o give_v you_o his_o description_n of_o it_o and_o refer_v you_o to_o my_o appendix_n fig._n 3._o where_o their_o common_a appearance_n be_v express_v as_o i_o now_o have_v they_o inject_v by_o i_o and_o dissect_v from_o the_o body_n of_o a_o infant_n the_o arteria_fw-la aorta_fw-la say_v bidloo_n arise_v from_o the_o heart_n soon_o send_v out_o two_o small_a coronary_a branch_n b_o in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o heart_n it_o be_v trunk_n be_v divide_v on_o the_o pericordium_n into_o the_o ascendens_fw-la c_o and_o descendens_fw-la d._n the_o first_o give_v branch_n to_o the_o part_n above_o the_o heart_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o subclavii_fw-la e_z from_o which_o the_o axillare_v f_o and_o internal_a mammary_n g_o three_o or_o four_o intercostale_n h_n and_o cervicale_n i._o do_v arise_v from_o the_o axillary_a artery_n be_v branch_n communicate_v to_o the_o scapula_n k_o and_o to_o the_o superior_a part_n of_o the_o thorax_n when_o it_o have_v get_v between_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o cubit_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o little_a branch_n the_o first_o of_o which_o l_o go_v to_o the_o wrist_n thumb_n and_o forefinger_n the_o other_o to_o the_o three_o other_o finger_n it_o divide_v into_o two_o about_o the_o thymus_n and_o form_n the_o carotide_n m._n these_o ascend_n near_o the_o windpipe_n after_o have_v send_v several_a branch_n to_o the_o tongue_n larynx_n and_o part_n adjacent_a and_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o external_n n_o and_o internal_a branch_n o_o the_o exterior_a supply_n the_o face_n lip_n partly_o the_o ear_n and_o low_a tooth_n the_o other_o branch_n serve_v the_o forehead_n temple_n and_o neighbour_a part_n the_o inward_a branch_n ascend_v straight_o through_o the_o os_fw-mi sphoenoide_v creep_v under_o the_o '_o dura_n mater_n and_o form_v various_a plexus_n in_o that_o part_n within_o the_o skull_n it_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o particular_a coat_n already_o describe_v it_o send_v out_o small_a branch_n near_o the_o optic_a nerve_n but_o the_o large_a trunk_n creep_v back_o again_o sometime_o unite_v and_o by_o and_o by_o separate_v from_o each_o other_o there_o be_v small_a branch_n convey_v to_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n partly_o above_o and_o partly_o below_o the_o heart_n from_o the_o axillarie_n and_o ascend_v and_o descend_v trunk_n it_o derive_v several_a branch_n which_o reflect_v into_o a_o circle_n creep_v through_o its_o cover_n and_o several_a part_n of_o the_o head_n the_o descend_a trunk_n of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi d_o supply'_v some_o of_o the_o intercostal_o 1_o and_o the_o neighbour_a muscle_n and_o part_n there_o be_v a_o large_a trunk_n 2_o also_o send_v to_o the_o diaphragm_n under_o the_o diaphragm_n the_o branch_n of_o the_o viscera_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la be_v remarkable_a viz._n of_o the_o stomach_n 3._o the_o inferior_a and_o superior_a meseraic_a branch_n 4_o 5_o those_o of_o the_o omentum_fw-la or_o caul_n 6_o of_o the_o liver_n 7_o of_o the_o kidney_n 8_o the_o spermatics_n 9_o and_o so_o on_o about_o the_o o_o sacrum_n this_o trunk_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o branch_n from_o which_o other_o be_v again_o derive_v to_o
if_o it_o be_v total_o obstruct_v a_o deafness_n in_o which_o case_n the_o take_v of_o sneeze_v powder_n give_v relief_n o_o the_o glandulous_a membrane_n continue_v from_o the_o foramina_fw-la narium_fw-la to_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o fauces_fw-la p_o p_o the_o processus_n scyloide_v q_o the_o carotid_n artery_n cut_v off_o near_o its_o entrance_n into_o the_o os_fw-la petrosum_fw-la r_o r_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o ossa_fw-la jugalia_fw-la s_o a_o cartilaginous_a body_n lie_v in_o the_o depressure_n of_o the_o os_fw-la temporum_fw-la where_o the_o processus_n condyliformis_fw-la of_o the_o low_a jaw_n be_v articulate_v t_o the_o same_o intermediate_n cartilege_n of_o the_o articulation_n raise_v v._o the_o smooth_a sinus_n in_o the_o os_fw-la temporale_fw-la which_o receive_v the_o last_o mention_v cartilege_n t_o part_n of_o the_o mucelaginous_a gland_n of_o this_o articulation_n clear_v to_o the_o abovementioned_a cartilege_n w_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o os_fw-la temporale_fw-la cut_v off_o x_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n saw_v off_o y_fw-fr the_o musculus_fw-la occipitalis_fw-la as_o it_o arise_v from_o that_o part_n of_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la where_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o head_n be_v insert_v whence_o mount_v it_o soon_o become_v tendinous_a and_o march_n on_o the_o sincipus_fw-la where_o it_o be_v join_v with_o the_o tendon_n of_o the_o fromalis_fw-la unless_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v that_o the_o occipital_n and_o frontal_n muscle_n be_v one_o biventral_n muscle_n arise_v from_o the_o occiput_fw-la and_o insert_v to_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o forehead_n and_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o hairy-scalp_n move_v it_o foreward_n and_o backward_o as_o well_o as_o lift_v up_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o forehead_n with_o the_o kickshaw_n z_o z_o the_o thin_a part_n of_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la where_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o head_n be_v insert_v a_o the_o gargareon_o support_v by_o the_o probe_n n_o n_o insert_v into_o the_o meatus_fw-la à _fw-la palato_fw-la ad_fw-la aurem_fw-la b_o b_o the_o little_a glandule_n which_o appear_v in_o cut_v the_o fauces_fw-la from_o hence_o c_o c_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o processus_n pterygoide_v or_o more_o proper_o the_o extremity_n of_o a_o small_a slender_n process_n above_o the_o processus_n pterygoide_v in_o this_o position_n of_o the_o skull_n since_o anatomist_n in_o describe_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o uurela_n have_v call_v this_o process_n pterigoide_v or_o aliformis_fw-la we_o shall_v still_o retain_v the_o same_o name_n though_o the_o aliform_a process_n express_v tab._n 92._o fig._n 2._o k_o be_v distinct_a process_n and_o no_o way_n like_o these_o dd_o the_o musculi_fw-la sphenopirrigostaphilini_fw-la so_o call_v from_o their_o origin_n progress_n and_o insertion_n they_o be_v also_o call_v pterigopalatini_fw-la and_o sphenoterigopalatini_fw-la they_o arise_v fleshy_a from_o a_o acute_a process_n of_o the_o os_fw-mi sphenoide_v express_v appen_n fig._n 15._o h._n whence_o they_o pass_v to_o the_o processus_n pterygoide_v c_o c_o where_o they_o become_v tendinous_a and_o be_v reflect_v over_o those_o process_n to_o their_o insertion_n on_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o gargareon_o when_o these_o act_n they_o draw_v the_o forepart_n of_o the_o gargareus_fw-la towards_o the_o pterigoid_a process_n whereby_o it_o be_v pull_v somewhat_o upward_o as_o well_o as_o foreward_n e_o e_o the_o sphenostaphilini_fw-la these_o arise_v from_o the_o same_o process_n of_o the_o os_fw-mi sphenoide_v with_o the_o former_a and_o be_v insert_v on_o the_o backpart_n of_o the_o gargareon_o opposite_a to_o the_o former_a these_o draw_v the_o uuula_fw-la upward_o and_o backward_o whereby_o it_o prevent_v the_o ascent_n of_o the_o aliment_n into_o the_o foramina_fw-la nariton_n in_o deglutition_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o those_o in_o who_o the_o uuula_fw-la be_v want_v f_o the_o musculus_fw-la pterygoideus_n externus_fw-la leave_v at_o its_o origin_n at_o the_o external_n part_n of_o the_o processus_n pterygoide_v as_o well_o as_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o os_fw-mi sphenoide_v itself_o whence_o it_o pass_v backward_o to_o its_o insertion_n at_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o processus_n condyloide_v of_o the_o lower-jaw_n when_o this_o and_o its_o partner_n act_n they_o draw_v the_o lower-jaw_n foreward_n whereby_o the_o foretooth_n of_o the_o lower-jaw_n be_v drive_v beyond_o those_o of_o the_o superior_a as_o falloppius_n observe_v g_o the_o musculus_fw-la pterygoideus_n internus_fw-la also_o free_v from_o the_o lower-jaw_n and_o leave_v at_o its_o origin_n tab._n 15._o fig._n 2._o n._n it_o be_v represent_v at_o its_o insertion_n h_o some_o appearance_n of_o the_o septum_fw-la narium_fw-la backward_o i_o i_o the_o deny_v molares_fw-la k_o k_o the_o canini_n l_o the_o inâ—isores_n m_o the_o glandulae_fw-la labiorum_fw-la as_o they_o appear_v in_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o upper_a lip_n under_o the_o ininternal_a membrane_n of_o the_o mouth_n each_o of_o these_o gland_n have_v a_o excretory_a dust_n which_o perforates_n the_o membrane_n of_o the_o mouth_n at_o a_o small_a papilla_fw-la by_o which_o a_o salival_n humour_n be_v emit_v into_o the_o mouth_n the_o like_a gland_n may_v be_v see_v on_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o cheek_n n_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o nose_n o_o the_o hair_n of_o the_o palpabrae_fw-la fig._n 9_o the_o external_n surface_n of_o one_o of_o the_o glandulae_fw-la tonfillae_fw-la or_o amigdalae_fw-la where_o the_o many_o large_a foramina_fw-la of_o its_o excretory_a duct_n appear_v by_o which_o its_o pituitous_a matter_n be_v discharge_v into_o the_o fauces_fw-la which_o join_v with_o the_o aliment_n in_o its_o descent_n to_o the_o gula._n fig._n 10._o the_o receptaculum_fw-la chyli_n fill_v with_o quicksilver_n with_o the_o neighbour_a lymphatic_a gland_n remain_v in_o their_o proper_a situation_n together_o with_o the_o adjacent_a part_n as_o i_o can_v make_v a_o sketch_n of_o they_o whilst_o i_o be_v demonstrate_v the_o part_n of_o a_o humane_a body_n to_o some_o worthy_a and_o ingenious_a gentleman_n when_o professor_n bidloo_n favour_v i_o with_o a_o visit._n a_o a_o the_o kidney_n a_o a_o the_o emulgent_a vein_n of_o which_o that_o of_o the_o right_a side_n be_v low_a than_o the_o left_a b_o the_o ascend_v trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la distend_v with_o wind_n the_o low_a part_n of_o which_o be_v compress_v by_o the_o iliack_a artery_n of_o the_o right_a side_n b_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la cut_v from_o its_o entrance_n into_o the_o liver_n and_o tie_v c_o c_o part_n of_o the_o two_o iliack_a vein_n which_o may_v be_v see_v distend_v with_o wind_n below_o the_o right_n iliack_a artery_n as_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la be_v above_o the_o external_n iliack_a vein_n as_o well_o as_o the_o crutal_a vein_n lie_v immediate_o under_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o artery_n that_o accompany_v they_o till_o they_o pass_v by_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o musculus_fw-la triceps_fw-la and_o os_fw-la femoris_fw-la to_o the_o ham_n where_o the_o vein_n be_v uppermost_a and_o the_o artery_n pass_v underneath_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o great_a trunk_n of_o vein_n and_o artery_n do_v in_o other_o part_n this_o contrivance_n in_o nature_n of_o place_v the_o trunk_n of_o the_o iliack_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o crural_a artery_n on_o the_o vein_n be_v a_o admirable_a artifice_n to_o accelerate_v the_o ascension_n of_o the_o blood_n to_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o heart_n as_o it_o arise_v from_o the_o inferior_a part_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o pulsation_n of_o the_o artery_n if_o you_o inject_v the_o artery_n with_o wax_n and_o afterward_o fill_v the_o vein_n with_o the_o same_o you_o will_v see_v by_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o wax_n contain_a in_o the_o vein_n what_o effect_v the_o pulsation_n of_o the_o artery_n have_v on_o they_o in_o order_n to_o promote_v the_o ascension_n of_o the_o refluent_a blood_n from_o below_o in_o this_o compressure_n make_v by_o the_o iliack_a artery_n of_o the_o right_a side_n on_o the_o inferior_a part_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la it_o be_v contain_a blood_n be_v force_v to_o ascend_v towards_o the_o heart_n the_o valve_n in_o the_o crural_a vein_n oppose_v its_o descent_n by_o this_o mean_n also_o the_o pondus_fw-la of_o the_o refluent_a blood_n from_o below_o be_v lessen_v to_o the_o end_v its_o motion_n may_v be_v the_o better_o carry_v on_o at_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vessel_n in_o the_o leg_n and_o foot_n and_o a_o kind_a of_o a_o pulsation_n make_v by_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la whereby_o the_o lymphatic_a lumbal_n gland_n r_o r_o lie_v between_o it_o and_o the_o body_n of_o the_o vertebra_n be_v gentle_o compress_v of_o which_o hereafter_o d_o d_o the_o ascend_v trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la below_o the_o kidney_n d_o d_o the_o iliack_a artery_n e_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o culiata_n artery_n cut_v off_o f_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o mesenterica_fw-la