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proposition_n that_o the_o proper_a action_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o constriction_n of_o its_o ventricles_n and_o the_o consequent_a compression_n and_o expression_n of_o the_o blood_n contain_v in_o they_o not_o by_o a_o contorsion_n of_o its_o spiral_n fibres_n but_o by_o a_o inflation_n and_o corrugation_n of_o they_o here_o some_o perhaps_o may_v be_v willing_a to_o propose_v to_o i_o this_o question_n if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o the_o systole_n or_o act_n of_o pulsation_n neither_o the_o exterior_a superfice_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v augment_v nor_o the_o cone_n of_o it_o draw_v up_o towards_o the_o basis_n both_o which_o we_o have_v assert_v how_o then_o come_v it_o that_o in_o every_o systole_n the_o cone_n of_o the_o heart_n knock_v against_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o breast_n which_o may_v be_v thus_o answer_v because_o the_o heart_n be_v hang_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o breast_n by_o strong_a ligament_n and_o yet_o in_o every_o systole_n be_v bring_v to_o touch_v and_o strike_v the_o inside_n of_o the_o breast_n therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o this_o be_v do_v either_o by_o a_o dilatation_n of_o the_o heart_n or_o by_o local_a motion_n and_o translation_n of_o it_o or_o by_o erection_n of_o the_o whole_a or_o by_o flexion_n and_o incurvation_n of_o the_o cone_n thereof_o and_o as_o our_o observation_n and_o experience_n reject_v the_o three_o former_a cause_n of_o this_o phaenomenon_n so_o it_o oblige_v we_o to_o embrace_v and_o acquiesce_v in_o the_o last_o wherefore_o it_o remain_v only_o that_o we_o investigate_v the_o mechanic_n reason_n of_o this_o effect_n which_o seem_v to_o depend_v first_o upon_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o heart_n for_o we_o see_v that_o a_o crooked_a gut_n tie_v about_o with_o a_o thread_n and_o not_o whole_o fill_v with_o water_n be_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n extend_v direct_o or_o in_o a_o strait_a line_n but_o if_o the_o water_n be_v impel_v towards_o either_o end_n by_o compression_n than_o the_o gut_n become_v crooked_a again_o as_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o exact_v and_o the_o other_o pendulous_a extremity_n will_v be_v erect_v and_o strike_v against_o your_o hand_n hold_v a_o little_a over_o it_o this_o plain_o follow_v from_o the_o curve_v figure_n of_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o gut_n which_o be_v long_o in_o the_o convex_a part_n and_o short_a in_o the_o concave_n so_o in_o the_o left_a part_n of_o the_o ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o left_a wall_n be_v short_a less_o fleshy_a and_o less_o crooked_a than_o the_o two_o wall_n that_o make_v the_o right_a ventricle_n wherefore_o in_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o cone_n of_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v erect_v towards_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o breast_n and_o to_o strike_v against_o it_o more_o or_o less_o strong_o according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o violence_n with_o which_o it_o be_v erect_v this_o may_v be_v somewhat_o help_v also_o partly_o by_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o heart_n lie_v oblique_o partly_o by_o the_o situation_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o fibre_n which_o be_v wind_v about_o oblique_o and_o spiral_o from_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n towards_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o cone_n whence_o in_o the_o act_n of_o pulsation_n when_o the_o fibre_n be_v shorten_v the_o cone_n may_v be_v a_o little_a distort_a and_o erect_v by_o the_o fasciculus_fw-la or_o combination_n of_o fibres_n forward_o towards_o the_o left_a side_n and_o so_o the_o percussion_n may_v be_v make_v seneca_n as_o you_o may_v remember_v in_o epist_n 57_o most_o elegant_o describe_v first_o the_o inevitable_a horror_n that_o invade_v he_o while_o he_o be_v pass_v through_o the_o dust_n and_o darkness_n a_o darkness_n so_o thick_a as_o even_o to_o be_v see_v of_o the_o crypta_fw-la neapolitana_n now_o name_v the_o grot_n of_o pausilype_n in_o the_o way_n between_o naples_n and_o putzole_n and_o then_o the_o cheerfulness_n he_o call_v it_o alacritatem_fw-la incogitatam_fw-la &_o injussam_fw-la that_o return_v to_o his_o mind_n upon_o the_o first_o sight_n of_o the_o restore_a light_n the_o same_o surprise_a alacrity_n methinks_v i_o now_o feel_v within_o myself_o after_o my_o passage_n through_o the_o no_o less_o darkness_n in_o which_o nature_n have_v through_o a_o long_a series_n of_o age_n involve_v her_o great_a secret_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n make_v more_o obscure_a by_o the_o dust_n of_o man_n various_a opinion_n and_o my_o arrive_v at_o the_o light_n of_o knowledge_n both_o what_o be_v the_o proper_a action_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o by_o what_o mechanic_n necessity_n that_o action_n be_v perform_v in_o the_o ardour_n of_o this_o alacrity_n i_o proceed_v to_o the_o use_n and_o action_n of_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o of_o its_o valve_n the_o end_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la which_o be_v conjoin_v to_o the_o heart_n be_v as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o in_o great_a animal_n musculose_o round_o about_o that_o the_o trunk_n of_o it_o may_v be_v constringe_v as_o sphincter_n be_v close_v by_o virtue_n of_o their_o circular_a fibre_n but_o the_o end_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonaris_n want_v the_o like_a fulciment_n and_o therefore_o can_v constringe_v itself_o then_o both_o these_o vein_n end_v into_o the_o musculose_a ear_n which_o be_v hollow_a like_o little_a bag_n affix_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o who_o structure_n much_o resemble_v that_o by_o which_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v contex_v in_o the_o hollow_a part_n of_o it_o for_o the_o ear_n also_o consist_v of_o fleshy_a fibres_n intersect_v each_o other_o like_o a_o st._n andrews_n cross_n which_o within_o be_v bind_v together_o into_o many_o little_a cylindrical_a column_n and_o trench_n connect_v the_o side_n of_o the_o bag_n to_o these_o ear_n succeed_v three_o membrane_n in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n and_o two_o in_o the_o left_a which_o be_v of_o a_o very_a strong_a contexture_n of_o a_o triangular_a figure_n the_o base_n of_o which_o be_v close_o affix_v to_o the_o whole_a circuit_n of_o the_o tendon_n of_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o heart_n then_o the_o areae_fw-la or_o middle_a space_n of_o these_o little_a membrane_n be_v branch_v within_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n into_o many_o little_a tendinose_n string_n or_o cord_n which_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o papillae_fw-la or_o teat_n that_o stand_v point_v upward_o place_v on_o the_o opposite_a side_n now_o this_o admirable_a structure_n be_v know_v let_v we_o inquire_v the_o design_n or_o use_v of_o it_o first_o the_o extreme_a part_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la seem_v not_o to_o be_v make_v musculose_o for_o strength_n lest_o it_o shall_v be_v break_v by_o the_o current_n of_o the_o blood_n rush_v in_o but_o rather_o by_o its_o constriction_n to_o protrude_v the_o blood_n into_o the_o oblique_a sinus_n of_o the_o right_a ear_n and_o to_o render_v the_o same_o turgid_a which_o action_n be_v help_v by_o the_o peristaltic_a constriction_n of_o the_o whole_a trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o by_o the_o compression_n of_o the_o muscle_n and_o viscera_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n as_o be_v yesterday_o demonstrate_v when_o we_o consider_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o blood_n hence_o it_o come_v that_o the_o blood_n impel_v through_o the_o open_a aperture_n of_o the_o ear_n fill_v the_o cavity_n of_o it_o and_o then_o run_v into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n and_o by_o the_o like_a necessity_n the_o blood_n flow_v out_o of_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonaris_fw-la into_o the_o left_a ear_n and_o thence_o into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n no_o soon_o be_v the_o ear_n fill_v and_o distend_v with_o blood_n but_o they_o both_o at_o the_o same_o time_n constringe_v themselves_o by_o a_o contractive_a and_o compressive_a action_n common_a to_o all_o muscle_n resemble_v that_o of_o a_o press_n in_o this_o order_n that_o first_o by_o shut_v their_o aperture_n they_o hinder_v the_o regress_n of_o the_o blood_n into_o the_o same_o vein_n out_o of_o which_o it_o come_v in_o then_o by_o the_o great_a force_n of_o compression_n they_o squeeze_v it_o into_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n until_o they_o be_v fill_v and_o make_v turgid_a to_o this_o action_n of_o the_o ear_n immediate_o succeed_v the_o compression_n of_o the_o press_n of_o the_o heart_n itself_o by_o which_o the_o blood_n itself_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o abundance_n inflate_v and_o distend_v the_o triangular_a and_o mitral_a valve_n exact_o shut_v the_o orifice_n or_o mouth_n of_o the_o vein_n and_o so_o prevent_v its_o own_o recoil_n into_o they_o whence_o it_o be_v of_o absolute_a necessity_n that_o the_o same_o blood_n be_v express_v into_o the_o pulmonary_a artery_n or_o vena_fw-la arterialis_fw-la and_o into_o the_o aorta_fw-la these_o be_v the_o
action_n and_o use_v of_o the_o ear_n and_o valve_n of_o the_o heart_n first_o discover_v by_o our_o immortal_a dr._n harvey_n and_o since_o confirm_v by_o various_a experiment_n of_o other_o excellent_a anatomist_n be_v then_o certain_a of_o the_o phaenomena_n it_o remain_v only_o that_o we_o endeavour_v to_o explore_v the_o mechanic_n cause_v of_o they_o in_o the_o first_o place_n because_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v muscle_n round_o hollow_a and_o compose_v of_o fleshy_a fibre_n wound_v about_o spiral_o and_o intersect_v each_o the_o other_o decussatim_fw-la and_o because_o they_o end_v into_o little_a column_n and_o trench_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o left_a ventricle_n be_v frame_v therefore_o must_v they_o operate_v by_o the_o same_o mechanic_n necessity_n and_o artifice_n by_o which_o the_o heart_n operate_v viz._n by_o the_o force_n of_o a_o press_n and_o by_o wedge_n insinuate_v into_o the_o pore_n of_o their_o fibre_n they_o must_v be_v swell_v and_o so_o constringed_a and_o consequent_o express_v the_o blood_n contain_v in_o they_o second_o that_o the_o constriction_n of_o these_o ear_n aught_o to_o precede_v the_o contraction_n of_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n though_o both_o motion_n seem_v to_o be_v perform_v at_o one_o time_n may_v be_v thus_o demonstrate_v for_o if_o this_o be_v not_o true_a then_o either_o the_o ear_n and_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v constringe_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o moment_n of_o time_n or_o the_o heart_n be_v first_o constringe_v and_o then_o the_o ear_n if_o the_o first_o because_o the_o triangular_a valve_n have_v no_o use_n before_o the_o heart_n be_v constringe_v nor_o after_o the_o constriction_n of_o it_o be_v complete_a because_o the_o shut_n of_o the_o valve_n will_v be_v in_o vain_a when_o the_o blood_n can_v flow_v back_o and_o slow_a back_n it_o can_v before_o the_o heart_n be_v constringe_v because_o then_o the_o blood_n be_v not_o yet_o in_o the_o ventricles_n and_o so_o can_v be_v impel_v by_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o after_o the_o constriction_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o expulsate_a blood_n can_v much_o less_o flow_v back_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o at_o what_o time_n the_o ventricles_n be_v constringe_v at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o venose_n orifice_n ought_v to_o be_v exact_o shut_v by_o the_o triangular_a valve_n that_o the_o blood_n may_v be_v impel_v not_o backward_o but_o forward_o into_o the_o artery_n but_o if_o at_o that_o same_o time_n the_o ear_n be_v constringe_v they_o will_v inevitable_o vomit_v out_o the_o blood_n contain_v in_o they_o into_o the_o ventricles_n and_o so_o open_a the_o clausure_n make_v by_o the_o triangular_a valve_n because_o they_o be_v so_o dispose_v as_o to_o be_v open_v and_o dilate_a by_o the_o very_a come_n of_o the_o blood_n wherefore_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o blood_n will_v be_v impel_v by_o the_o ear_n into_o the_o heart_n and_o repel_v by_o the_o heart_n and_o so_o these_o two_o contrary_a motion_n will_v mutual_o destroy_v each_o the_o other_o and_o both_o be_v in_o vain_a beside_o when_o two_o outlet_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n open_a in_o one_o ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o whole_a compressive_a force_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o equal_a part_n which_o impel_v the_o two_o half_n of_o the_o blood_n one_o backward_o the_o other_o forward_o into_o the_o artery_n and_o therefore_o nature_n will_v foolish_o by_o a_o double_a endeavour_n attain_v but_o half_o her_o end_n we_o may_v add_v that_o the_o triangular_a valve_n will_v be_v whole_o useless_a since_o they_o will_v then_o urgente_a necessitate_v be_v open_a when_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v shut_v wherefore_o it_o seem_v impossible_a that_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o its_o ventricles_n shall_v be_v constringe_v at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o if_o we_o suppose_v the_o natural_a order_n to_o be_v invert_v i._n e._n that_o first_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v constringe_v and_o then_o the_o ear_n compress_v this_o will_v be_v much_o more_o absurd_a for_o half_a of_o the_o blood_n contain_v in_o the_o ventricle_n will_v flow_v back_o into_o the_o ear_n on_o both_o side_n open_a and_o thence_o into_o the_o vein_n it_o must_v therefore_o be_v confess_v that_o the_o constriction_n of_o the_o ear_n ought_v to_o precede_v and_o then_o immediate_o ought_v the_o constriction_n of_o the_o ventricle_n to_o succeed_v and_o then_o all_o the_o operation_n proceed_v regular_o and_o compendious_o for_o the_o ear_n be_v compress_v first_o the_o regress_n of_o the_o blood_n into_o the_o vein_n be_v hinder_v next_o the_o blood_n be_v express_v out_o of_o the_o ear_n into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o heart_n three_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v shut_v by_o the_o constringed_a ear_n four_o the_o ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v fill_v with_o blood_n and_o distend_v the_o membrane_n of_o the_o triangular_a valve_n be_v expanded_a these_o action_n be_v in_o this_o order_n of_o succession_n do_v then_o in_o the_o five_o place_n follow_v the_o swell_a of_o the_o heart_n by_o which_o all_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o ventricles_n which_o can_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o double_a clausure_n slow_a back_n be_v force_v to_o run_v forth_o by_o the_o open_a door_n of_o the_o artery_n three_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o action_n of_o the_o right_a ear_n differ_v from_o that_o of_o the_o left_a because_o the_o blood_n ought_v to_o flow_v out_o of_o the_o arteria_fw-la venosa_fw-la or_o as_o some_o call_v it_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonaria_fw-la which_o be_v very_o ample_a into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n with_o a_o swift_a current_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o gravity_n and_o of_o the_o compression_n of_o the_o lung_n for_o this_o reason_n a_o little_a ear_n be_v sufficient_a to_o transmit_v the_o blood_n so_o swift_o run_v into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n and_o with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o mitral_a valve_n also_o exact_o to_o shut_v the_o aperture_n of_o the_o heart_n on_o the_o contrary_a in_o the_o right_a ear_n the_o slowness_n of_o the_o blood_n influx_n ought_v to_o be_v compensated_a by_o the_o amplitude_n of_o the_o canale_n and_o moreover_o because_o the_o right_a ear_n ought_v not_o only_o to_o close_v the_o orifice_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o also_o to_o impel_v rapid_o the_o slow_a pace_a blood_n into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n therefore_o nature_n have_v make_v the_o muscle_n and_o cavity_n of_o the_o right_a ear_n strong_a and_o large_a than_o that_o of_o the_o left_a four_o we_o may_v far_o gratify_v our_o curiosity_n by_o consider_v the_o manner_n how_o the_o triangular_a valve_n exact_o shut_v the_o orifice_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v this_o because_o these_o membranose_a valve_n have_v their_o base_n fasten_v to_o one_o part_n of_o the_o circular_a tendon_n of_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o flag_n be_v fasten_v to_o their_o staff_n and_o their_o other_o side_n be_v by_o many_o tendinose_a filament_n or_o string_n fasten_v to_o the_o fleshy_a teat_n in_o the_o opposite_a part_n of_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o ventricle_n as_o web_n of_o linen_n expose_v to_o the_o sun_n be_v keep_v upon_o the_o stretch_n by_o many_o small_a cord_n tie_v on_o each_o side_n hence_o it_o come_v that_o by_o the_o stream_n of_o blood_n rush_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o ventricles_n be_v dilate_v and_o so_o these_o membranose_a valve_n which_o before_o be_v lax_n and_o flag_v be_v draw_v and_o expanded_a transvers_o so_o as_o to_o spread_v themselves_o through_o the_o whole_a space_n of_o the_o orifice_n necessary_a it_o be_v therefore_o that_o the_o point_n and_o side_n of_o these_o triangular_a valve_n thus_o draw_v by_o the_o little_a cord_n decussated_a shall_v be_v conjoin_v and_o be_v conjoin_v make_v one_o conical_a superfice_n great_a than_o the_o plane_n of_o the_o orifice_n or_o of_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o same_o cone_n after_o this_o follow_v the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n when_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o ventricles_n be_v unite_v and_o therefore_o those_o little_a cord_n of_o the_o valve_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n relax_v and_o unite_v also_o and_o so_o the_o face_n of_o the_o triangular_a valve_n themselves_o must_v be_v unite_v and_o acquire_v a_o sinuose_fw-la or_o embow_v figure_n their_o superfice_n not_o diminish_v because_o their_o membrane_n be_v not_o contract_v whence_o it_o come_v that_o the_o blood_n fill_v the_o ventricle_n do_v by_o repel_v the_o membrane_n and_o inflate_v they_o bow_v they_o as_o the_o sail_n of_o ship_n swell_v by_o the_o wind_n be_v bow_v into_o a_o hollowness_n again_o since_o those_o membrane_n thus_o embow_v be_v transfer_v towards_o the_o tendinose_a orifice_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o round_a area_n of_o
too_o the_o use_n be_v not_o to_o promote_v the_o course_n of_o blood_n of_o which_o there_o be_v no_o need_n in_o so_o small_a a_o circuit_n but_o only_o to_o prevent_v the_o reflux_n of_o it_o out_o of_o that_o ventricle_n in_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o appear_v from_o their_o situation_n and_o from_o their_o conformation_n nor_o be_v any_o find_v in_o the_o artery_n in_o which_o the_o blood_n with_o mighty_a force_n impul_v by_o the_o constriction_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o of_o the_o artery_n need_v no_o additional_a machine_n to_o accelerate_v its_o motion_n except_o those_o that_o be_v place_v in_o the_o inlet_n and_o outlet_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n to_o obviate_v the_o regurgitation_n of_o the_o blood_n into_o the_o arteria_fw-la venosa_fw-la and_o out_o of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n and_o the_o two_o very_a little_a valve_n site_v in_o the_o two_o coronary_a artery_n at_o their_o origine_fw-la from_o the_o aorta_fw-la to_o prohibit_v the_o regress_n of_o the_o blood_n into_o the_o aorta_fw-la ¶_o ⸪_o if_o this_o artifice_n of_o the_o valve_n affix_v within_o the_o vein_n be_v so_o necessary_a to_o promote_v the_o reflux_n of_o the_o blood_n towards_o the_o heart_n certain_o he_o that_o first_o discover_v they_o deserve_v to_o be_v remember_v with_o honour_n but_o who_o be_v that_o fortunate_a man_n ostiolis_fw-la fabricius_n ab_fw-la aquapendente_fw-la put_v in_o his_o claim_n to_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o invention_n as_o whole_o due_a to_o himself_o in_o these_o very_a word_n de_fw-fr his_fw-la itaque_fw-la ostiolis_fw-la nempe_fw-la venarum_fw-la locuturus_fw-la subit_fw-la primùm_fw-la mirari_fw-la quomodo_fw-la ostiola_fw-la haec_fw-la ad_fw-la hanc_fw-la usque_fw-la aetatem_fw-la tam_fw-la priscos_fw-la quam_fw-la recentiores_fw-la anatomicos_fw-la adeo_fw-la latuerint_fw-la ut_fw-la non_fw-la solùm_fw-la nulla_fw-la mentio_fw-la de_fw-la ipsis_fw-la facta_fw-la sit_fw-la sed_fw-la neque_fw-la aliquis_fw-la prius_fw-la haec_fw-la viderit_fw-la quam_fw-la anno_fw-la domini_fw-la septuagesimo_fw-la quarto_fw-la supra_fw-la millesimum_fw-la &_o quingentesimum_fw-la quo_fw-la à _fw-la i_o summa_fw-la cum_fw-la laetitia_fw-la inter_fw-la dissecandum_fw-la observata_fw-la fuere_fw-la but_o padre_n fulgentio_n profess_o ascribe_v the_o invention_n to_o that_o prodigy_n of_o wisdom_n learning_n and_o virtue_n padre_n paolo_n the_o venetian_a at_o the_o same_o time_n open_o accuse_v aquapendens_fw-la of_o disingenuous_a arrogance_n and_o theft_n for_o challenge_v to_o himself_o the_o honour_n of_o have_v first_o discover_v the_o valve_n to_o which_o he_o have_v no_o right_n and_o for_o steal_v the_o glory_n due_a only_o to_o father_n paul_n pauli_n the_o sense_n of_o his_o impeachment_n be_v this_o the_o whole_a tractate_n concern_v the_o eye_n which_o pass_v under_o the_o name_n of_o aquapendens_fw-la or_o at_o least_o so_o much_o of_o it_o as_o contain_v new_a and_o rare_a speculation_n and_o experiment_n be_v the_o work_n of_o padre_n paolo_n whereof_o i_o have_v have_v speech_n with_o some_o that_o be_v eye-witness_n and_o know_v that_o a_o due_a part_n of_o the_o praise_n be_v not_o attribute_v to_o he_o that_o deserve_v it_o all_o but_o much_o more_o in_o another_o matter_n of_o more_o moment_n which_o be_v the_o find_v out_o of_o those_o valvulae_fw-la those_o inward_a shut_v or_o fold_n that_o be_v within_o the_o vein_n of_o which_o argument_n i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o any_o either_o ancient_a or_o modern_a have_v make_v mention_n because_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n unthought_a of_o till_o these_o time_n when_o aquapendens_fw-la move_v the_o question_n in_o a_o public_a anatomy_n but_o there_o be_v still_o live_v many_o eminent_a and_o learned_a physician_n among_o who_o be_v santorio_n and_o pietro_n asselineo_n a_o frenchman_n who_o certain_o know_v that_o it_o be_v no_o speculation_n nor_o invention_n of_o aquapendens_fw-la but_o of_o padre_n paolo_n who_o consider_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o blood_n grow_v into_o a_o opinion_n that_o it_o can_v not_o stay_v in_o the_o vein_n except_o there_o be_v some_o bunch_n to_o hold_v it_o in_o some_o fold_n or_o shutting_n at_o the_o open_n and_o close_v of_o which_o there_o be_v give_v a_o passage_n and_o necessary_a aequilibrium_fw-la to_o life_n and_o upon_o his_o own_o natural_a judgement_n he_o set_v himself_o to_o cut_v with_o more_o accurate_a observation_n and_o so_o find_v out_o those_o valve_n etc._n etc._n have_v thus_o faithful_o recite_v the_o plea_n of_o these_o two_o great_a man_n i_o leave_v it_o to_o you_o to_o decide_v the_o controversy_n and_o to_o fix_v the_o laurel_n on_o the_o head_n of_o which_o of_o the_o competitor_n you_o please_v for_o my_o part_n if_o my_o judgement_n be_v considerable_a i_o shall_v declare_v myself_o on_o padre_n paolo_n side_n as_o to_o the_o invention_n and_o allow_v to_o aquapendens_fw-la the_o honour_n of_o be_v the_o first_o that_o by_o write_v make_v the_o thing_n know_v to_o the_o world_n understand_v i_o i_o beseech_v you_o only_o of_o the_o valve_n themselves_o not_o of_o the_o true_a use_n of_o they_o which_o neither_o aquapendens_fw-la nor_o the_o father_n have_v the_o happiness_n to_o discover_v not_o aquapendens_fw-la because_o of_o the_o two_o use_n by_o he_o assign_v to_o these_o valve_n which_o he_o most_o improper_o name_v ostiola_fw-la namely_o the_o corroboration_n of_o the_o vein_n which_o may_v otherwise_o be_v by_o the_o blood_n every_o where_o distend_v and_o break_v into_o varices_fw-la and_o the_o retardation_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o vein_n that_o so_o all_o part_n of_o the_o body_n may_v have_v time_n to_o take_v in_o their_o due_a share_n of_o blood_n for_o their_o nourishment_n and_o not_o have_v their_o meat_n forsooth_o snatch_v away_o before_o they_o have_v fill_v their_o belly_n of_o these_o two_o mighty_a use_n i_o say_v neither_o be_v true_a and_o both_o be_v raise_v upon_o this_o supposition_n that_o the_o course_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v out_o of_o the_o great_a and_o superior_a vein_n into_o the_o small_a and_o inferior_a which_o be_v most_o evident_o false_a even_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o sight_n but_o lest_o i_o be_v think_v either_o not_o well_o to_o understand_v or_o to_o misrepresent_v his_o meaning_n i_o be_o oblige_v to_o recite_v his_o own_o word_n ostiolis_fw-la nam_fw-la cum_fw-la in_o varicibus_fw-la in_fw-la quibus_fw-la aut_fw-la laxari_fw-la aut_fw-la rumpi_fw-la ostiola_fw-la par_fw-fr est_fw-la plus_fw-la minusve_fw-la dilatatas_fw-la semper_fw-la venas_fw-la conspiciamus_fw-la dicere_fw-la proculdubiò_fw-la tutò_fw-la possumus_fw-la ad_fw-la prohibendam_fw-la quoque_fw-la venarum_fw-la distensionem_fw-la fuisse_fw-la ostiola_fw-la à _fw-la summo_fw-la opifice_fw-la fabrefacta_fw-la etc._n etc._n thus_o far_o then_o i_o have_v do_v he_o no_o wrong_n he_o proceed_v erat_fw-la profectò_fw-la necessaria_fw-la ostiolorum_fw-la constructio_fw-la in_o artuum_fw-la venis_fw-la quae_fw-la non_fw-la exiguae_fw-la sed_fw-la vel_fw-la magnae_fw-la vel_fw-la moderatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la magnitudinis_fw-la ut_fw-la scilicet_fw-la sanguis_fw-la ubique_fw-la eatenus_fw-la retardetur_fw-la quatenus_fw-la cuique_fw-la particulae_fw-la alimento_fw-la fruendi_fw-la congruum_fw-la tempus_fw-la detur_fw-la quod_fw-la alioqui_fw-la propter_fw-la artuum_fw-la declivem_fw-la situm_fw-la confertim_fw-la ac_fw-la rapidi_fw-la fluminis_fw-la instar_fw-la in_o artuum_fw-la extremitates_fw-la universus_fw-la conflueret_fw-la ac_fw-la colligeretur_fw-la idque_fw-la tum_fw-la harum_fw-la partium_fw-la tumore_fw-la tum_fw-la super_fw-la positarum_fw-la marcore_fw-la here_o also_o i_o have_v faithful_o interpret_v his_o word_n and_o you_o see_v that_o he_o think_v the_o contrivement_n of_o the_o valve_n necessary_a to_o retard_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o blood_n because_o he_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o the_o blood_n descend_v through_o the_o great_a vein_n into_o the_o less_o gross_o err_v in_o both_o opinion_n for_o that_o the_o former_a be_v false_a we_o have_v see_v demonstrate_v from_o the_o construction_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o valve_n themselves_o and_o that_o the_o latter_a also_o be_v false_a and_o absurd_a be_v know_v to_o all_o who_o understand_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n to_o these_o error_n he_o have_v in_o the_o same_o page_n add_v a_o three_o much_o more_o extravagant_a which_o be_v that_o the_o blood_n be_v by_o a_o flux_n and_o reflux_n perpetual_o carry_v forward_a and_o backward_o in_o the_o artery_n for_o attempt_v to_o give_v the_o reason_n why_o nature_n have_v frame_v no_o valve_n in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o artery_n he_o say_v arteriis_fw-la autem_fw-la ostiola_fw-la non_fw-la fuêre_fw-la necessaria_fw-la neque_fw-la ad_fw-la distensionem_fw-la prohibendam_fw-la propter_fw-la tunicae_fw-la crassitiem_fw-la ac_fw-la robur_fw-la neque_fw-la ad_fw-la sanguinem_fw-la remorandum_fw-la quòd_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la fluxus_fw-la refluxusque_fw-la in_o arteriis_fw-la perpetuò_fw-la fiat_fw-la it_o appear_v then_o that_o this_o famous_a anatomist_n who_o in_o many_o other_o thing_n deserve_v well_o of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o physician_n have_v no_o just_a title_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o have_v first_o invent_v the_o true_a and_o genuine_a use_n of_o the_o valve_n
say_v that_o fibres_n when_o they_o act_v can_v possible_o exercise_v their_o force_n by_o their_o contraction_n and_o by_o draw_v their_o extreme_a term_n towards_o the_o middle_n because_o by_o a_o corrugation_n or_o shrink_v up_o into_o wrinkle_n of_o their_o length_n they_o must_v rather_o be_v relax_v therefore_o as_o a_o weight_n hang_v on_o to_o a_o lax_n cord_n can_v be_v raise_v thereby_o while_o the_o cord_n continue_v lax_n so_o by_o fibres_fw-fr lax_n and_o corrugate_v can_v the_o opposite_a wall_n of_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v violent_o draw_v together_o and_o conjoin_v second_o but_o if_o we_o suppose_v that_o the_o fibrose_a spire_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v not_o wound_v about_o tortuosè_fw-la with_o turn_n and_o wind_n quite_o home_o to_o the_o ventricles_n but_o extend_v in_o a_o direct_a course_n into_o the_o ventricles_n and_o there_o bind_v together_o into_o those_o fasciculi_fw-la or_o sheaf_v which_o compose_v many_o little_a cylinder_n or_o cord_n then_o indeed_o a_o man_n may_v think_v that_o by_o simple_a contraction_n of_o the_o fibre_n those_o little_a cylinder_n may_v be_v total_o shorten_v and_o so_o the_o opposite_a wall_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v bring_v to_o meet_v together_o but_o this_o be_v evident_o impossible_a because_o in_o such_o a_o position_n there_o must_v necessary_o be_v admit_v a_o corrugation_n of_o the_o whole_a concave_a superficies_n of_o the_o heart_n intercept_v betwixt_o the_o base_n of_o those_o little_a column_n or_o cord_n and_o therefore_o innumerable_a fibres_n there_o contex_v must_v be_v crowd_v up_o together_o and_o in_o like_a manner_n corrugate_v i._n e._n relax_v and_o by_o consequence_n can_v not_o act_v by_o their_o tense_n contraction_n which_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o supposition_n beside_o in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v find_v but_o very_o few_o of_o those_o little_a cylinder_n or_o column_n and_o therefore_o this_o subterfuge_n can_v have_v no_o 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sensible_o diminish_v rather_o than_o augment_v but_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o heart_n while_o it_o act_n be_v augment_v since_o the_o cavity_n or_o ventricles_n of_o it_o be_v fill_v up_o by_o the_o fleshy_a substance_n the_o outward_a figure_n of_o the_o whole_a heart_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n unchanged_a and_o undiminish_a wherefore_o the_o proper_a action_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v not_o perform_v by_o contraction_n of_o its_o fibre_n quod_fw-la erat_fw-la probandum_fw-la hence_o arise_v this_o corollary_n that_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v constringe_v not_o because_o the_o length_n of_o the_o ventricles_n be_v shorten_v but_o because_o their_o side-wall_n be_v bring_v near_o each_o to_o the_o other_o so_o as_o almost_o to_o touch_v this_o appear_v from_o the_o very_a position_n and_o configuration_n of_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o from_o its_o operation_n for_o the_o left_a ventricle_n dissect_v from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o top_n be_v you_o 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that_o the_o cavity_n be_v fill_v by_o inflation_n of_o the_o side-wall_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o be_v very_o thick_a full_a of_o fibres_n and_o therefore_o easy_o capable_a of_o inflation_n last_o as_o be_v say_v before_o if_o a_o man_n put_v his_o finger_n into_o a_o hole_n make_v by_o incision_n in_o either_o of_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n of_o any_o animal_n yet_o live_v he_o shall_v perceive_v a_o strong_a constriction_n of_o the_o side-wall_n but_o none_o of_o the_o basis_n and_o cone_n tend_v to_o their_o approximation_n one_o towards_o the_o other_o by_o this_o consectary_n thus_o verify_v we_o be_v lead_v to_o understand_v the_o mechanic_n reason_n of_o this_o operation_n that_o by_o mechanic_n necessity_n the_o cavity_n of_o the_o heart_n can_v be_v shorten_v may_v be_v far_o prove_v thus_o because_o a_o contraction_n of_o the_o heart_n can_v be_v make_v but_o by_o a_o contraction_n of_o its_o fibre_n therefore_o those_o part_n of_o it_o that_o want_n fibres_n will_v not_o be_v capable_a of_o contraction_n but_o of_o that_o immense_a multitude_n of_o fibres_n descend_v from_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o thousand_o part_n attain_v to_o the_o cone_n because_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v there_o connect_v they_o will_v be_v accumulate_v stratum_fw-la super_fw-la strato_fw-la make_v the_o acuminate_v and_o thin_a wall_n of_o huge_a depth_n or_o thickness_n whereas_o now_o that_o wall_n be_v very_o slender_a in_o such_o a_o situation_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o fibre_n that_o be_v spiral_n be_v weave_v together_o and_o reflect_v into_o the_o heart_n with_o a_o transversal_a circuit_n before_o they_o reach_v to_o the_o cone_n ergo_fw-la they_o will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o draw_v up_o the_o cone_n of_o the_o heart_n towards_o the_o basis_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o length_n of_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o heart_n will_v not_o be_v shorten_v but_o the_o cause_n by_o which_o the_o side-wall_n of_o the_o ventricles_n be_v bring_v to_o meet_v be_v this_o because_o almost_o all_o the_o innumerable_a fibres_fw-fr of_o the_o heart_n be_v wound_v oblique_o and_o transvers_o about_o the_o side_n of_o it_o and_o of_o they_o be_v compose_v very_o many_o layer_n one_o above_o another_o like_o membrane_n but_o when_o the_o fibre_n of_o any_o layer_n be_v inflate_v or_o huff_v up_o they_o touch_v each_o the_o other_o lateral_o and_o lie_v in_o one_o superfice_n will_v of_o necessity_n crowd_n and_o press_v each_o the_o other_o lateral_o and_o so_o thrust_v each_o the_o other_o out_o of_o their_o place_n and_o urge_v they_o far_o viz._n sideways_o towards_o the_o basis_n and_o towards_o the_o cone_n wherefore_o the_o interval_n betwixt_o the_o basis_n and_o the_o cone_n ought_v to_o be_v rather_o augment_v but_o because_o the_o other_o external_a fibres_n oblique_o encompass_v and_o close_o gird_v the_o transverse_n and_o intersect_v they_o decussatim_fw-la hinder_v their_o elongation_n and_o protuberance_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o of_o necessity_n the_o inflation_n of_o the_o fibre_n ought_v to_o cause_v they_o to_o swell_v inward_o towards_o the_o cavity_n and_o so_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o wall_n be_v puff_v up_o must_v be_v bring_v near_o together_o moreover_o the_o septum_fw-la cordis_fw-la or_o partition-wall_n of_o the_o ventricles_n consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o transverse_n fibres_n will_v not_o be_v shorten_v by_o their_o inflation_n but_o the_o thickness_n of_o it_o be_v much_o augment_v and_o the_o outward_a wall_n ought_v likewise_o to_o be_v inflate_v inward_o towards_o the_o internal_a cavity_n therefore_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o opposite_a wall_n ought_v to_o meet_v the_o basis_n remain_v always_o at_o the_o same_o distance_n from_o the_o cone_n quod_fw-la erat_fw-la ostendendum_fw-la hence_o we_o may_v deduce_v this_o genuine_a consectary_n that_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o opposite_a inside_n of_o the_o wall_n
solid_a meat_n and_o together_o with_o the_o drink_n serve_v as_o a_o fit_a menstruum_fw-la to_o extract_v the_o laudable_a and_o alimentary_a part_n of_o they_o ad_fw-la modum_fw-la tincturae_fw-la but_o this_o liquation_n of_o solid_a meat_n in_o the_o stomach_n seem_v to_o be_v effect_v by_o motion_n placid_a gentle_a and_o imperceptible_a in_o the_o state_n of_o health_n not_o by_o those_o violent_a commotion_n and_o irrequiet_a agitation_n that_o always_o proceed_v from_o and_o accompany_v ferment_n proper_o so_o call_v during_o their_o work_n as_o all_o man_n that_o enjoy_v good_a health_n feed_v sober_o and_o keep_v a_o regular_a course_n of_o diet_n may_v easy_o observe_v in_o themselves_o and_o therefore_o this_o acid_n phlegm_n can_v proper_o and_o in_o philosophical_a strictness_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o family_n of_o ferment_n the_o same_o may_v with_o equal_a reason_n be_v say_v also_o of_o the_o bile_n and_o pancreatic_a juice_n commix_v in_o the_o duodenum_fw-la they_o may_v perhaps_o conduce_v somewhat_o to_o the_o far_a attenuation_n and_o exaltation_n of_o the_o chyle_n they_o may_v also_o promote_v both_o the_o separation_n of_o the_o nutritive_a from_o the_o excrementitious_a part_n of_o the_o same_o chyle_n and_o the_o insinuation_n and_o permeation_n of_o the_o former_a through_o the_o coat_n or_o membrane_n of_o the_o gut_n into_o the_o milky_a vein_n all_o this_o they_o may_v do_v and_o yet_o not_o by_o way_n of_o fermentation_n whereof_o there_o be_v neither_o necessity_n nor_o sense_n in_o statu_fw-la sanitatis_fw-la and_o to_o argue_v from_o a_o preternatural_a state_n to_o a_o natural_a be_v a_o paralogism_n now_o if_o neither_o of_o these_o two_o so_o much_o celebrate_v ferment_n have_v any_o more_o right_a to_o that_o denomination_n than_o what_o be_v precarious_o derive_v from_o some_o remote_a and_o slender_a analogy_n or_o semblance_n imagine_v to_o be_v betwixt_o their_o nature_n quality_n and_o effect_n and_o those_o observe_v in_o genuine_a and_o true_a ferment_n as_o certain_o neither_o of_o they_o yet_o appear_v to_o have_v what_o ought_v we_o to_o think_v of_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o invisible_a ferment_n suppose_v to_o reside_v in_o place_n where_o hitherto_o they_o have_v never_o be_v find_v why_o may_v we_o not_o till_o they_o shall_v be_v by_o anatomical_a and_o other_o convince_a experiment_n show_v to_o we_o believe_v that_o they_o have_v existence_n no_o where_o but_o in_o the_o brain_n of_o fanciful_a man_n for_o my_o part_n i_o blush_v not_o even_o in_o this_o venerable_a assembly_n of_o most_o learned_a man_n where_o i_o have_v as_o many_o judge_n as_o auditor_n open_o to_o profess_v myself_o to_o be_v of_o this_o belief_n because_o the_o non_fw-la apparentibus_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr non_fw-la existentibus_fw-la eadem_fw-la ratio_fw-la est_fw-la and_o because_o i_o have_v hear_v a_o eminent_a member_n of_o this_o first_o and_o more_o ancient_a royal_a society_n a_o man_n renown_v over_o all_o europe_n for_o his_o philosophical_a and_o anatomical_a write_n deliver_v this_o judgement_n of_o the_o multiplicity_n of_o natural_a ferment_n fancy_v to_o be_v in_o the_o body_n of_o a_o animal_n that_o they_o be_v a_o new-found_a asylum_fw-la ignorantiae_fw-la i_o say_v of_o natural_a ferment_n lest_o what_o i_o have_v say_v shall_v be_v detort_v to_o the_o exclusion_n of_o preternatural_a fermentation_n which_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v to_o be_v incident_a sometime_o to_o the_o blood_n and_o other_o humour_n of_o the_o body_n more_o signal_o in_o fever_n and_o some_o other_o acute_a disease_n though_o perhaps_o not_o so_o often_o as_o vulgar_a physician_n imagine_v what_o i_o have_v hitherto_o say_v may_v perchance_o seem_v to_o some_o of_o my_o auditor_n to_o be_v a_o digression_n and_o they_o may_v be_v apt_a to_o think_v that_o i_o have_v make_v my_o first_o step_n in_o a_o wrong_a path_n i_o be_o therefore_o oblige_v in_o my_o own_o defence_n to_o advertise_v they_o that_o have_v propose_v to_o myself_o to_o inquire_v strict_o into_o the_o natural_a necessity_n or_o mechanical_a reason_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o find_v the_o aforesaid_a comment_n of_o ferment_n lie_v like_o a_o block_n in_o my_o way_n i_o think_v it_o concern_v i_o rather_o to_o remove_v than_o to_o leap_v over_o it_o and_o leave_v it_o for_o other_o to_o stumble_v at_o for_o some_o there_o be_v and_o those_o too_o man_n who_o name_n be_v deserve_o celebrate_v for_o their_o profound_a knowledge_n both_o in_o anatomy_n and_o the_o mathematics_n ferment_n who_o in_o their_o book_n have_v profess_o teach_v that_o even_o the_o blood_n itself_o the_o seat_n of_o life_n also_o undergo_v a_o certain_a natural_a fermentation_n in_o the_o heart_n lung_n and_o great_a artery_n as_o necessary_a to_o its_o perfection_n and_o vitality_n a_o doctrine_n which_o to_o i_o i_o profess_v seem_v very_o improbable_a and_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o wisdom_n of_o nature_n improbable_a first_o because_o of_o all_o the_o various_a liquor_n find_v in_o the_o body_n of_o a_o animal_n in_o statu_fw-la naturae_fw-la the_o blood_n seem_v of_o itself_o least_o prone_a to_o fermentation_n which_o be_v incident_a chief_o if_o not_o sole_o to_o new_a and_o musty_a liquor_n whereas_o the_o great_a part_n by_o much_o of_o the_o blood_n be_v old_a and_o by_o repeat_v circulation_n well_o defaecate_v in_o its_o proper_a emunctory_n and_o by_o insensible_a transpiration_n and_o by_o consequence_n need_v no_o fermentation_n true_a it_o be_v indeed_o that_o new_a chyle_n be_v ever_o now_o and_o then_o bring_v into_o the_o rivulet_n of_o the_o blood_n out_o of_o the_o common_a cistern_n thereof_o by_o the_o ductus_fw-la thoracicus_fw-la and_o the_o subclavian_n vein_n for_o a_o recruit_v but_o in_o a_o quantity_n so_o small_a a_o few_o drop_n perhaps_o at_o once_o for_o more_o will_v not_o be_v find_v to_o bear_v a_o just_a proportion_n either_o to_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o common_a receptacle_n of_o the_o chyle_n which_o be_v but_o little_a or_o to_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o pipe_n lead_v from_o thence_o to_o the_o subclavian_n vein_n as_o can_v in_o reason_n be_v think_v sufficient_a to_o perturb_v and_o excite_v a_o fermentation_n in_o the_o blood_n with_o which_o it_o be_v mix_v if_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o chyle_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o blood_n at_o one_o time_n certain_o the_o blood_n will_v soon_o lose_v its_o native_a purple_a and_o put_v on_o the_o white_a livery_n of_o the_o chyle_n especial_o in_o the_o descend_a part_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la where_o the_o commixture_n be_v first_o make_v which_o yet_o no_o anatomist_n for_o aught_o i_o know_v have_v ever_o observe_v second_o when_o ferment_n be_v commix_v with_o liquor_n consist_v of_o heterogeneous_a particle_n they_o be_v general_o slow_a in_o exert_v their_o power_n and_o by_o degree_n insinuate_v and_o diffuse_v their_o active_a particle_n through_o the_o whole_a mass_n before_o they_o can_v so_o far_o prevail_v as_o to_o raise_v a_o universal_a commotion_n and_o tumult_n in_o they_o as_o common_a experience_n testify_v but_o the_o new_o commix_v chyle_n and_o blood_n be_v in_o a_o moment_n at_o most_o in_o the_o space_n of_o a_o few_o pulse_n of_o the_o heart_n rapt_v out_o of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la first_o into_o the_o right_a ear_n and_o then_o into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n so_o that_o here_o be_v no_o morula_fw-la no_o competent_a space_n of_o time_n give_v to_o excite_v a_o actual_a fermentation_n three_o here_o be_v want_v also_o convenient_a place_n to_o all_o fermentation_n be_v require_v fit_a room_n wherein_o the_o liquor_n may_v have_v liberty_n to_o undergo_v a_o impetuose_fw-la commotion_n and_o agitation_n of_o all_o their_o dissimilar_v and_o contra_a particle_n nor_o will_v the_o must_v of_o wine_n itself_o ever_o ferment_n if_o it_o be_v keep_v in_o close_a and_o strong_a cask_n as_o appear_v from_o the_o make_n of_o stum_n but_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la the_o heart_n and_o artery_n be_v fill_v with_o blood_n even_o to_o distension_n till_o by_o their_o systole_n they_o squirt_v it_o forth_o and_o then_o in_o the_o next_o moment_n they_o be_v replenish_v what_o room_n then_o be_v leave_v for_o the_o blood_n to_o ferment_n in_o see_v therefore_o that_o the_o blood_n be_v by_o its_o own_o constitution_n unapt_a to_o ferment_n as_o bear_v a_o great_a analogy_n to_o the_o nature_n of_o milk_n than_o to_o that_o of_o wine_n whatever_o the_o willisians_n have_v say_v to_o the_o contrary_a and_o see_v that_o neither_o the_o small_a supply_n of_o chyle_n which_o it_o daily_o receive_v be_v sufficient_a to_o induce_v nor_o the_o shortness_n of_o the_o time_n in_o which_o it_o pass_v through_o the_o praecordia_fw-la nor_o the_o want_n of_o convenient_a room_n permit_v a_o fermentation_n what_o reason_n have_v we_o to_o assent_v to_o their_o opinion_n who_o teach_v that_o a_o fermentation_n of_o the_o blood_n
act_v continual_o but_o interrupt_o or_o per_fw-la vice_n short_a and_o almost_o isochronic_a or_o equal_a quiet_n interpose_v so_o that_o the_o blood_n express_v by_o the_o heart_n do_v not_o flow_v thence_o in_o a_o continue_a course_n as_o river_n and_o fountain_n do_v that_o be_v without_o intermission_n carry_v on_o by_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o water_n but_o gush_v forth_o and_o stop_v alternate_o though_o this_o vicissitude_n be_v exact_o regular_a and_o proceed_v in_o a_o constant_a order_n now_o these_o thing_n consider_v it_o may_v seem_v consentaneous_a to_o conclude_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o blood_n can_v be_v continuus_fw-la since_o two_o pause_n or_o quiet_n be_v interpose_v betwixt_o every_o two_o pulsation_n or_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n during_o each_o of_o which_o the_o motion_n cease_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a aught_o to_o be_v esteem_v and_o call_v a_o interrupt_a and_o mix_v motion_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o verisimilitude_n of_o this_o conclusion_n i_o doubt_v not_o to_o lay_v down_o and_o expose_v to_o your_o examination_n this_o first_o proposition_n that_o the_o blood_n be_v carry_v in_o a_o round_a through_o the_o body_n of_o a_o animal_n in_o a_o true_o continue_v and_o never_o interrupt_v motion_n this_o perhaps_o may_v sound_v like_o a_o paradox_n but_o that_o shall_v not_o a-whit_n discourage_v i_o from_o assert_v it_o while_o i_o remember_v that_o remarkable_a sentence_n of_o minutius_n felix_n in_o octavio_n inest_fw-la &_o in_fw-la incredibili_fw-la verum_fw-la &_o in_o verisimili_fw-la mendacium_fw-la though_o it_o be_v true_a and_o evident_a that_o the_o heart_n do_v not_o in_o the_o time_n of_o its_o pause_n express_v any_o blood_n into_o the_o artery_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o the_o blood_n contain_v in_o the_o artery_n in_o the_o viscera_n in_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o body_n and_o in_o the_o vein_n do_v at_o the_o same_o time_n stagnate_n and_o stop_v its_o course_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_n be_v always_o carry_v on_o in_o its_o journey_n though_o with_o unequal_a velocity_n first_o the_o verity_n of_o this_o appear_v in_o the_o artery_n for_o the_o afflux_n of_o blood_n from_o the_o heart_n be_v whole_o intercept_v either_o by_o a_o ligature_n apply_v to_o the_o aorta_fw-mi at_o its_o original_n or_o by_o cut_v out_o the_o heart_n itself_o as_o be_v common_o do_v in_o frog_n and_o viper_n we_o see_v that_o nevertheless_o the_o blood_n wherewith_o the_o artery_n be_v fill_v be_v by_o degree_n squeeze_v out_o so_o that_o they_o be_v soon_o after_o leave_v altogether_o empty_a and_o doubtless_o this_o exinanition_n of_o the_o artery_n happen_v because_o they_o by_o their_o own_o spontaneous_a motion_n constringe_v themselves_o and_o contract_v their_o circular_a fibre_n express_v the_o blood_n into_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o part_n and_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n compress_v also_o by_o the_o contraction_n and_o tension_n or_o the_o peristaltic_a motion_n of_o all_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o body_n from_o the_o observation_n of_o this_o vulgar_a phaenomenon_n viz._n the_o emptiness_n of_o the_o artery_n in_o dead_a body_n the_o ancient_n perhaps_o take_v occasion_n to_o believe_v and_o teach_v that_o not_o blood_n but_o only_o vital_a spirit_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o artery_n second_o this_o appear_v also_o in_o the_o vein_n for_o that_o the_o blood_n do_v continual_o flow_v on_o in_o they_o likewise_o not_o only_a when_o it_o be_v urge_v forward_o by_o the_o arterial_a blood_n pursue_v it_o but_o even_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o heart_n pause_n be_v evince_v from_o this_o that_o then_o the_o blood_n run_v on_o through_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la to_o replenish_v the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o why_o do_v i_o misspend_v time_n in_o allege_v reason_n to_o prove_v a_o truth_n that_o be_v manifest_a to_o sense_n in_o phlebotomy_n no_o soon_o be_v a_o vein_n open_v than_o the_o blood_n flow_v forth_o with_o a_o swift_a stream_n and_o while_o the_o wound_n be_v open_a continues_z to_o flow_v without_o pause_n or_o interruption_n which_o be_v a_o demonstration_n of_o the_o thing_n propose_v viz._n of_o the_o continual_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o vein_n be_v thus_o assure_v of_o the_o effect_n let_v we_o proceed_v to_o investigate_v the_o cause_n which_o be_v not_o equal_o evident_a nor_o can_v we_o hope_v certain_o to_o solve_v this_o problem_n without_o inquire_v the_o mechanical_a reason_n of_o the_o continual_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n through_o the_o vein_n this_o therefore_o i_o will_v now_o attempt_v to_o do_v that_o nature_n have_v institute_v no_o immediate_a communication_n betwixt_o the_o capillary_a artery_n and_o the_o capillary_a vein_n per_fw-la anastomôsin_fw-la be_v manifest_a to_o sense_n and_o now_o acknowledge_v by_o all_o learned_a anatomist_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v stand_v with_o reason_n to_o imagine_v that_o the_o blood_n in_o its_o circular_a course_n be_v emit_v immediate_o out_o of_o the_o artery_n into_o the_o vein_n these_o vessel_n be_v separate_a and_o though_o we_o opine_n that_o there_o be_v some_o secret_a communication_n betwixt_o the_o extreme_a orifice_n of_o the_o artery_n and_o those_o of_o the_o capillary_a vein_n by_o the_o intermediate_v spongy_a substance_n of_o the_o flesh_n viscera_n and_o glandule_n or_o by_o the_o cribrose_n substance_n of_o the_o bone_n as_o by_o the_o pore_n of_o a_o pumice_n stone_n yet_o we_o be_v still_o to_o seek_v by_o what_o motive_n force_v the_o blood_n may_v be_v carry_v on_o from_o those_o intermediate_v porosity_n and_o insinuate_v into_o the_o vein_n first_o because_o it_o be_v consentaneous_a that_o the_o impulsive_a force_n whereby_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n squirt_n the_o blood_n into_o the_o artery_n be_v by_o degree_n weaken_v and_o at_o length_n languid_a in_o those_o straits_n of_o the_o extreme_a vessel_n and_o of_o the_o intermediate_v porosity_n second_o because_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o capillary_a vein_n can_v continue_v always_o open_a and_o dilate_v their_o consistence_n be_v not_o hard_a and_o bony_a but_o membranose_n soft_a and_o slippery_a so_o that_o they_o be_v apt_a to_o be_v close_v by_o connive_v and_o consequent_o to_o hinder_v the_o ingress_n of_o the_o blood_n new_o arrive_v three_o because_o here_o we_o can_v have_v no_o recourse_n to_o the_o compression_n of_o the_o viscera_n and_o the_o muscle_n whereby_o the_o blood_n shall_v be_v squeeze_v into_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o capillary_a vein_n for_o we_o see_v that_o the_o blood_n be_v suck_v up_o by_o the_o capillary_a vein_n not_o only_a when_o the_o muscle_n be_v invigorate_v and_o upon_o the_o stretch_n but_o also_o when_o they_o be_v quiet_a and_o relax_v and_o do_v not_o exercise_v their_o compressive_a power_n as_o be_v most_o evident_a in_o sleep_n when_o the_o circulation_n proceed_v without_o intermission_n this_o be_v confirm_v from_o hence_o that_o in_o the_o brain_n in_o the_o medullary_a substance_n of_o the_o bone_n where_o no_o compression_n can_v be_v admit_v the_o capillary_a vein_n receive_v the_o blood_n as_o free_o as_o in_o the_o soft_a flesh_n itself_o see_v then_o that_o the_o effect_n can_v be_v deny_v viz._n that_o all_o the_o blood_n effuse_v out_o of_o the_o artery_n be_v after_o absorb_v and_o carry_v off_o by_o the_o vein_n to_o be_v bring_v back_o again_o into_o the_o heart_n and_o see_v also_o that_o this_o be_v not_o effect_v by_o way_n of_o attraction_n there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o attraction_n in_o nature_n as_o i_o have_v more_o than_o once_o elsewhere_o prove_v we_o be_v compel_v to_o assert_v that_o the_o blood_n be_v imbibe_v by_o the_o capillary_a vein_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n and_o by_o the_o same_o mechanic_n action_n by_o which_o syphon_n sponge_n filtre_n chord_n and_o all_o porose_a body_n be_v penetrate_v by_o water_n with_o which_o they_o be_v moisten_v which_o power_n be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o fluid_n itself_o which_o be_v augment_v by_o the_o impetus_fw-la of_o its_o proper_a motion_n and_o by_o the_o impulse_n communicate_v to_o it_o from_o external_a force_n so_o the_o motive_n force_n of_o gravity_n which_o the_o blood_n can_v want_v no_o more_o than_o water_n can_v when_o it_o find_v the_o small_a channel_n of_o the_o capillary_a vein_n open_a for_o they_o can_v never_o be_v so_o close_o constringe_v by_o the_o flag_a and_o connivency_n of_o their_o thin_a membrane_n as_o to_o leave_v no_o entrance_n for_o a_o fluid_a as_o appear_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o rope_n how_o hard_o soever_o twist_v must_v of_o necessity_n overcome_v the_o weak_a resistance_n of_o the_o straits_n in_o all_o filtre_n and_o porose_a body_n and_o consequent_o the_o blood_n may_v be_v insinuate_v into_o the_o capillary_a vein_n by_o a_o mechanic_n action_n like_o that_o of_o filtration_n if_o this_o proposition_n
be_v true_a the_o great_a difficulty_n occur_v in_o the_o whole_a mystery_n of_o the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v now_o at_o length_n solve_v the_o blood_n have_v in_o this_o manner_n pass_v the_o aforesaid_a straits_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o canales_n of_o the_o small_a vein_n by_o the_o same_o motive_n force_n whereby_o it_o be_v insinuate_v for_o such_o a_o ingress_n be_v not_o possible_a without_o motion_n may_v be_v advance_v a_o little_a far_o in_o its_o way_n by_o its_o proper_a force_n and_o by_o external_a force_n and_o also_o by_o the_o impulse_n of_o the_o new_a blood_n follow_v behind_o as_o we_o see_v water_n suck_v up_o by_o a_o filtre_n to_o be_v carry_v on_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o list_n afterwards_o because_o many_o small_a vein_n meet_v together_o make_v one_o wide_a ductus_fw-la or_o pipe_n and_o because_o in_o this_o large_a pipe_n the_o former_a impulsive_a force_n of_o necessity_n grow_v more_o and_o more_o languid_a and_o faint_a by_o degree_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v retard_v therefore_o it_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o some_o auxiliary_a force_n to_o be_v carry_v on_o the_o rest_n of_o its_o journey_n these_o be_v first_o the_o force_n by_o which_o the_o circular_a fibre_n of_o the_o vein_n that_o natural_o have_v a_o peristaltic_a virtue_n contract_v themselves_o always_o after_o they_o have_v be_v stretch_v as_o all_o nervose_n and_o other_o tensile_n body_n be_v observe_v to_o do_v second_o the_o compression_n of_o the_o vein_n by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o circumambient_a air_n or_o atmosphere_n and_o the_o elastic_a virtue_n of_o the_o air_n inspire_v three_o the_o tonic_n motion_n of_o the_o muscle_n when_o they_o act_v together_o with_o the_o various_a motion_n of_o the_o viscera_n and_o of_o humour_n discurrent_fw-la through_o the_o body_n all_o which_o more_o or_o less_o compress_v the_o vein_n now_o that_o the_o manner_n how_o this_o compression_n promote_v the_o continual_a decurse_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o vein_n may_v be_v the_o more_o full_o and_o clear_o understand_v i_o will_v take_v liberty_n to_o lay_v down_o this_o second_o proposition_n that_o by_o the_o artifice_n of_o the_o valve_n the_o compression_n of_o the_o vein_n protrude_v the_o blood_n towards_o the_o heart_n with_o a_o motion_n double_o swift_a not_o indeed_o in_o a_o continual_a flux_n but_o with_o little_a pause_n interpose_v and_o with_o unequal_a velocity_n we_o here_o behold_v in_o the_o crural_a vein_n slit_v open_a from_o end_n to_o end_n i._n certain_a valve_n place_v at_o unequal_a distance_n in_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o vein_n which_o for_o demonstration_n sake_n be_v accurate_o represent_v in_o this_o figure_n expose_v to_o sight_n ii_o these_o valve_n you_o see_v be_v nothing_o but_o half_a pocket_n of_o a_o membranose_a substance_n or_o little_a bladder_n affix_v to_o the_o side_n or_o wall_n of_o the_o vein_n and_o resemble_v by_o aonmp_n and_o bonqr_n they_o be_v find_v sometime_o single_a sometime_o in_o pair_n place_v one_o opposite_a to_o the_o other_o and_o lateral_o touch_v each_o other_o as_o at_z no_z the_o convex_a top_n of_o which_o pair_n respect_v the_o capillary_a beginning_n of_o the_o vein_n beyond_o hl_n but_o the_o orifice_n of_o their_o cavity_n po_n ro_n open_a towards_o the_o heart_n have_v respect_n to_o the_o part_n ik_fw-mi now_o i_o be_o to_o demonstrate_v that_o from_o this_o structure_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o valve_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o blood_n be_v protrude_v towards_o the_o heart_n imagine_v then_o that_o the_o same_o portion_n of_o the_o vein_n hmql_n be_v replete_a with_o blood_n and_o because_o by_o the_o circular_a fibres_fw-fr of_o the_o vein_n itself_o and_o by_o the_o ambient_fw-la muscle_n and_o perhaps_o also_o by_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n one_o part_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v constringe_v after_o another_o all_o along_o it_o must_v be_v that_o the_o lateral_a wall_n st_n come_v near_o to_o each_o other_o towards_o five_o and_o then_o the_o vein_n so_o gird_v will_v lose_v its_o cylindrical_a form_n and_o be_v turn_v into_o two_o little_a funnel_n hul_n muq_n which_o be_v less_o capacious_a than_o the_o former_a cylinder_n and_o therefore_o the_o blood_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o space_n vh_n and_o vlt_n will_v be_v expel_v out_o of_o the_o orifice_n hl_n but_o the_o remain_a quantity_n of_o blood_n contain_v in_o the_o space_n vsm_n and_o vqt_n will_v be_v squeeze_v without_o the_o orifice_n mq_n towards_o ik_fw-mi it_o appear_v then_o that_o from_o the_o abovementioned_a compression_n of_o the_o side_n or_o wall_n of_o the_o vein_n the_o blood_n be_v express_v in_o equal_a quantity_n to_o the_o opposite_a part_n and_o this_o will_v certain_o happen_v if_o the_o valve_n be_v remove_v but_o because_o to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o vein_n within_o mp_n qr_n be_v fasten_v two_o valve_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o blood_n impulse_v by_o a_o compression_n make_v in_o st_n be_v force_v through_o the_o narrow_a chink_n no_o because_o the_o yield_a fluid_n contain_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o valve_n and_o urge_v by_o the_o advenient_a blood_n be_v constringe_v and_o thrust_v out_o of_o they_o and_o then_o instant_o the_o side_n of_o the_o valve_n that_o before_o touch_v each_o other_o no_z recede_v one_o from_o another_o leave_v a_o open_a way_n by_o which_o the_o flux_n of_o blood_n come_v on_o from_o mstq_n may_v be_v insinuate_v and_o pass_v forward_o beyond_o ab_fw-la again_o after_o the_o blood_n have_v pass_v the_o confine_n of_o the_o valve_n po_n ro_n there_o necessary_o follow_v a_o restriction_n of_o the_o little_a chink_n no_o for_o the_o blood_n itself_o must_v by_o reason_n of_o its_o heavy_a bulk_n and_o fluidity_n fill_v the_o little_a bag_n of_o the_o valve_n and_o so_o their_o soft_a and_o pliable_a side_n be_v dilate_v till_o they_o mutual_o touch_v ought_v close_o to_o shut_v the_o rimula_fw-la no_z moreover_o because_o the_o vein_n be_v not_o constringe_v in_o all_o its_o part_n at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o part_n after_o part_n successive_o therefore_o after_o the_o blood_n be_v transfer_v beyond_o the_o valve_n within_o the_o little_a funnel_n abcd_v there_o follow_v a_o constriction_n of_o the_o wall_n ad_fw-la bc_n in_o the_o same_o time_n in_o which_o st_n be_v not_o constringed_a and_o because_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o close_a shut_n of_o the_o rimula_fw-la no_o half_o the_o blood_n that_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o space_n eag_fw-mi fbg_n can_v flow_v back_o towards_o ab_fw-la find_v the_o obstacle_n aob_v fill_v with_o blood_n and_o retain_v by_o the_o valve_n it_o be_v compel_v with_o a_o reflex_n motion_n like_o that_o of_o a_o tennis-ball_n rebound_v from_o the_o wall_n to_o flow_v towards_o dc_o and_o since_o by_o the_o same_o compression_n the_o blood_n that_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o space_n edge_v fcg_n be_v protrude_v beyond_o dc_o therefore_o a_o double_a quantity_n of_o blood_n be_v in_o the_o same_o time_n in_o which_o the_o compression_n be_v make_v expel_v through_o that_o same_o aperture_n dc_o but_o when_o a_o double_a quantity_n of_o a_o fluid_a be_v in_o the_o same_o time_n emit_v at_o the_o same_o orifice_n it_o must_v run_v out_o with_o a_o double_a velocity_n thus_o be_v our_o proposition_n verify_v and_o as_o to_o single_a valve_n from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o the_o use_n of_o double_a it_o may_v easy_o and_o genuine_o be_v infer_v that_o they_o also_o help_v to_o promote_v the_o course_n of_o the_o blood_n though_o but_o half_a so_o much_o as_o the_o double_a wherefore_o nature_n wisdom_n be_v admirable_a in_o place_v single_a valve_n both_o at_o less_o distance_n one_o above_o another_o and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n where_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v a_o little_o narrow_a or_o where_o a_o less_o vein_n lateral_o exonerate_v itself_o into_o a_o great_a in_o both_o which_o case_n the_o necessity_n of_o this_o demonstrate_v acceleration_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o blood_n seem_v to_o be_v less_o in_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la no_o valves_n be_v find_v as_o well_o because_o of_o its_o ample_a cavity_n as_o because_o of_o its_o contiguity_n to_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n by_o who_o pulsation_n it_o can_v but_o be_v somewhat_o compress_v and_o consequent_o the_o blood_n flow_v through_o it_o proportionate_o promote_v in_o the_o jugular_a vein_n also_o none_o have_v yet_o be_v observe_v probable_o because_o in_o they_o the_o blood_n descend_v swift_o enough_o from_o its_o own_o weight_n and_o fluidity_n in_o small_a vein_n they_o be_v not_o place_v unless_o in_o the_o coronary_a vein_n of_o the_o heart_n just_a at_o the_o place_n where_o they_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o of_o these_o
blood_n which_o be_v alone_o sufficient_a to_o evince_v that_o the_o artery_n do_v not_o remain_v empty_a after_o the_o pulsation_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o contain_v at_o least_o a_o 4_o the_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o blood_n which_o in_o a_o man_n be_v about_o 5_o pint_n yet_o far_o the_o artery_n in_o the_o moment_n of_o their_o pulsation_n be_v high_o turgid_a when_o yet_o not_o above_o 3_o ounce_n of_o blood_n be_v emit_v into_o they_o by_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n therefore_o if_o before_o the_o systole_n the_o artery_n be_v whole_o empty_a a_o space_n 20_o time_n great_a than_o their_o bulk_n be_v will_v inevitable_o be_v fill_v by_o the_o 3_o ounce_n of_o blood_n emit_v by_o the_o heart_n but_o this_o certain_o be_v impossible_a without_o such_o a_o rarefaction_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o no_o man_n of_o common_a sense_n will_v admit_v therefore_o to_o replenish_v so_o great_a a_o vacuity_n in_o the_o artery_n there_o must_v come_v into_o they_o five_o pint_n of_o blood_n either_o from_o the_o heart_n or_o back_o out_o of_o the_o vein_n but_o neither_o of_o these_o be_v possible_a in_o nature_n let_v we_o add_v that_o 3_o ounce_n of_o blood_n emit_v by_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n can_v fill_v a_o space_n great_a than_o half_a a_o foot_n of_o the_o next_o artery_n to_o the_o heart_n therefore_o if_o the_o artery_n be_v empty_a before_o the_o systole_n true_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o artery_n will_v remain_v empty_a also_o in_o the_o follow_a systole_n and_o consequent_o can_v not_o beat_v at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n through_o they_o will_v be_v interrupt_v or_o discontinue_v contrary_a to_o the_o mechanic_a necessity_n thereof_o in_o fine_a we_o be_v convince_v by_o common_a experience_n when_o a_o artery_n whether_o it_o be_v great_a or_o small_a be_v cut_v the_o blood_n be_v in_o every_o pulsation_n squirt_v out_o with_o mighty_a violence_n now_o it_o be_v impossible_a this_o shall_v happen_v unless_o all_o the_o artery_n be_v full_a of_o blood_n all_o along_o from_o their_o beginning_n to_o their_o end_n because_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o stream_n of_o blood_n gush_v from_o the_o incision_n have_v no_o other_o efficient_a cause_n but_o the_o protrusion_n of_o the_o blood_n come_v on_o behind_o and_o urge_v the_o antecedent_n but_o in_o the_o follow_a pulsation_n there_o be_v a_o accession_n of_o no_o more_o than_o 3_o ounce_n of_o blood_n which_o can_v by_o its_o quantity_n replenish_v half_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o artery_n therefore_o unless_o there_o remain_v after_o every_o pulsation_n 5_o pint_n of_o blood_n in_o the_o artery_n they_o can_v be_v make_v turgid_a again_o in_o the_o follow_a pulsation_n so_o that_o nothing_o be_v more_o certain_a or_o more_o evident_a than_o this_o that_o in_o a_o live_a animal_n the_o artery_n be_v never_o empty_a quod_fw-la erat_fw-la ostendendum_fw-la from_o the_o praecedent_n theorem_fw-la 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the_o heart_n which_o at_o most_o exceed_v not_o 3_o inch_n breadth_n but_o the_o space_n through_o which_o the_o 3_o ounce_n of_o blood_n express_v out_o of_o the_o heart_n run_v in_o the_o artery_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o length_n of_o half_a a_o foot_n therefore_o the_o space_n will_v be_v triple_a at_o least_o to_o the_o space_n of_o the_o former_a motion_n and_o yet_o both_o these_o motion_n be_v perform_v in_o the_o same_o time_n ergo_fw-la the_o motion_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o artery_n be_v threefold_o swift_a than_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n that_o cause_v it_o quod_fw-la erat_fw-la propositum_fw-la i_o add_v this_o remark_n that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o artery_n be_v always_o the_o same_o whether_o the_o three_o ounce_n of_o blood_n emit_v into_o they_o out_o of_o the_o heart_n exact_o fill_v the_o space_n dilate_v in_o they_o or_o whether_o any_o portion_n of_o it_o be_v after_o their_o repletion_n expel_v out_o of_o they_o for_o in_o 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the_o artery_n by_o the_o blood_n emit_v into_o they_o and_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o same_o blood_n out_o of_o they_o into_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o part_n now_o certain_o these_o two_o operation_n can_v be_v perform_v together_o or_o at_o the_o same_o time_n because_o the_o former_a be_v do_v by_o dilatation_n and_o the_o other_o by_o constriction_n of_o the_o same_o artery_n which_o two_o contrary_a motion_n can_v be_v coincident_a wherefore_o it_o be_v of_o absolute_a necessity_n that_o the_o repletion_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v precedent_n and_o the_o evacuation_n be_v subsequent_a but_o the_o repletion_n can_v be_v make_v without_o a_o violent_a distension_n of_o the_o transverse_n or_o circular_a fibre_n of_o the_o artery_n and_o we_o all_o know_v that_o all_o the_o fibre_n of_o vessel_n no_o less_o than_o those_o
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better_a instructor_n than_o the_o ear_n i_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v accurate_o represent_v in_o this_o figure_n the_o whole_a system_n of_o nerve_n pertain_v to_o the_o heart_n and_o its_o ear_n to_o help_v both_o the_o understanding_n and_o memory_n of_o young_a student_n for_o who_o sake_n chief_o lecture_n be_v at_o first_o institute_v in_o this_o college_n figure_n iii_o in_o this_o figure_n aa_n aa_o represent_v the_o nerve_n of_o the_o eight_o pair_n cut_v off_o which_o though_o derive_v from_o the_o same_o origine_fw-la be_v yet_o in_o a_o man_n after_o they_o have_v pass_v out_o of_o the_o skull_n divide_v into_o two_o trunk_n of_o which_o the_o exterior_a denote_v by_o bb_n be_v call_v the_o intercostal_a branch_n because_o in_o its_o descent_n towards_o the_o part_n of_o the_o low_a belly_n it_o receive_v many_o spriggs_n of_o other_o nerve_n shoot_v forth_o between_o the_o rib_n from_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n as_o auxiliaries_n and_o the_o interior_a name_v par_fw-fr vagum_fw-la from_o its_o various_a wind_n and_o turn_n first_o distribute_v divers_a surcle_n in_o its_o passage_n downward_o to_o the_o heart_n then_o subdivide_v itself_o into_o more_o thread_n be_v disseminated_a into_o the_o viscera_n contain_v in_o the_o abdomen_fw-la dd_o the_o plexus_fw-la of_o the_o former_a or_o intercostal_a branch_n call_v ramus_fw-la cervicalis_fw-la because_o in_o man_n it_o be_v site_v on_o each_o side_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o neck_n i_fw-mi the_o plexus_fw-la of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o late_a branch_n or_o par_fw-fr vagum_fw-la f_o the_o cardiac_n plexus_fw-la in_o which_o be_v terminate_v small_a nervose_n tendrel_n ggg_n arise_v on_o each_o side_n from_o the_o plexus_fw-la cervicalis_fw-la of_o the_o intercostal_a nerve_n hh_o surcle_n of_o a_o conspicuous_a nerve_n shoot_v forth_o from_o the_o plexus_fw-la of_o the_o par_fw-fr vagum_fw-la and_o terminate_a itself_o in_o the_o plexus_fw-la cardiacus_fw-la two_o many_o nervose_a production_n from_o the_o plexus_fw-la of_o the_o par_fw-fr vagum_fw-la distribute_v to_o the_o pericardium_n to_o the_o vessel_n conjoin_v to_o the_o heart_n and_o to_o the_o ear_n of_o it_o k_o remarkable_a surcle_n of_o nerve_n from_o the_o plexus_fw-la cardiacus_fw-la which_o pass_v betwixt_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonaria_fw-la m_o and_o the_o aorta_fw-mi n_o be_v terminate_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o heart_n ll_o two_o considerable_a nerve_n send_v from_o the_o par_fw-fr vagum_fw-la to_o the_o heart_n which_o be_v various_o combine_v as_o it_o be_v by_o mutual_a inosculation_n both_o among_o themselves_o and_o with_o nervose_a branch_n issue_v from_o the_o plexus_fw-la cardiacus_fw-la to_o the_o end_n doubtless_o that_o both_o may_v be_v strengthen_v by_o that_o union_n these_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o principal_a of_o all_o nerve_n pertain_v to_o the_o heart_n and_o most_o likely_a to_o convey_v influence_n from_o the_o brain_n to_o the_o heart_n whatever_o that_o influence_n be_v to_o invigorate_v it_o and_o maintain_v it_o in_o perpetual_a motion_n probable_o by_o supply_v the_o heart_n with_o succus_fw-la nutritius_fw-la in_o great_a plenty_n oooo_o the_o musculose_a substance_n of_o the_o heart_n into_o which_o the_o say_a nerve_n be_v insert_v in_o this_o manner_n have_v nature_n furnish_v the_o heart_n of_o man_n with_o store_n of_o nerve_n thereby_o provide_v for_o its_o strength_n and_o continual_a motion_n nor_o have_v she_o much_o diversify_v her_o work_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o brute_n for_o all_o the_o difference_n that_o hitherto_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o they_o as_o to_o the_o nerve_n be_v only_o this_o that_o beside_o the_o production_n that_o come_v from_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o eight_o pair_n in_o a_o place_n somewhat_o high_o and_o be_v distribute_v to_o the_o heart_n in_o most_o brute_n animal_n there_o be_v moreover_o very_a many_o sprig_n shoot_v from_o the_o same_o nerve_n where_o they_o pass_v above_o the_o heart_n and_o receive_v as_o auxiliary_a supply_n nervose_a surcle_n pass_v betwixt_o the_o rib_n from_o the_o spinal_a
cylindrical_a fasciculi_fw-la or_o combination_n have_v not_o their_o end_n fasten_v to_o bony_a or_o tendinose_a prop_n as_o most_o other_o muscle_n have_v but_o rely_v only_o upon_o and_o have_v both_o their_o beginning_n and_o end_n in_o the_o pendulous_a heart_n itself_o be_v retain_v by_o a_o instable_n foundation_n or_o hypomochlium_fw-la yet_o with_o tenacious_a firmness_n hence_o it_o come_v that_o the_o turgency_n of_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o heart_n seem_v not_o to_o have_v be_v ordain_v by_o nature_n for_o the_o traction_n and_o approximation_n of_o their_o extreme_a term_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a that_o there_o may_v be_v make_v a_o decurtation_n or_o shorten_n of_o the_o fibre_n that_o by_o their_o swell_a they_o may_v restringe_v and_o lessen_v the_o hollow_a perimeter_n and_o so_o like_o a_o press_n squeeze_v out_o the_o blood_n therein_o contain_v just_a as_o boy_n spirit_n the_o stone_n of_o plum_n by_o compress_v they_o strong_o betwixt_o their_o thumb_n and_o forefinger_n this_o be_v evince_v from_o hence_o that_o in_o every_o pulsation_n or_o tension_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o blood_n contain_v in_o the_o ventricles_n be_v with_o very_o great_a violence_n squirt_v out_o into_o the_o artery_n as_o water_n be_v squirt_v to_o great_a distance_n out_o of_o a_o syringe_n by_o the_o embolus_fw-la or_o rammer_n but_o more_o evident_o by_o put_v your_o finger_n into_o a_o hole_n make_v by_o incision_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o a_o live_a animal_n for_o in_o every_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n you_o shall_v feel_v your_o finger_n pinch_v all_o round_o about_o as_o by_o a_o pair_n of_o pincer_n by_o the_o swell_a and_o indurated_a flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n though_o therefore_o the_o external_a superficies_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v not_o in_o the_o pulsation_n augment_v yet_o certain_o the_o whole_a fleshy_a substance_n of_o it_o be_v at_o that_o time_n true_o swell_v up_o and_o increase_v and_o indurate_v here_o i_o have_v affirm_v two_o thing_n 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function_n and_o motion_n yet_o so_o combine_v that_o they_o all_o cooperate_v to_o the_o vital_a motion_n or_o heat_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o diffusion_n of_o the_o same_o four_o by_o the_o segovian_a engine_n ingot_n of_o silver_n be_v distend_v to_o a_o breadth_n and_o thinness_n requisite_a to_o make_v money_n by_o the_o heart_n and_o its_o ear_n vehement_o constr_v themselves_o and_o repete_v their_o stroke_n the_o silver_n chyle_n or_o public_a revenue_n of_o the_o animal_n be_v attenuate_v its_o viscid_n and_o grumose_n part_v dissolve_v the_o cruder_n part_v concoct_v and_o all_o by_o conquassation_n and_o compression_n so_o perfect_o commix_v with_o the_o blood_n as_o to_o be_v fit_a to_o make_v good_a and_o current_a blood_n five_o from_o the_o mint-engine_n the_o new_a stamp_a coin_n be_v quick_o transfer_v into_o a_o receptacle_n in_o another_o room_n thence_o to_o be_v distribute_v by_o order_n of_o the_o mintmaster_n from_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o new_a coin_v blood_n 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i_o have_v attempt_v to_o
carry_v on_o the_o resemblance_n a_o little_a far_o i_o soon_o discover_v the_o disparity_n to_o be_v so_o many_o and_o so_o great_a that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o reconcile_v they_o into_o a_o just_a analogy_n whereupon_o condemn_v the_o extravagance_n of_o my_o fancy_n i_o sober_o conclude_v that_o the_o heart_n of_o a_o animal_n be_v a_o engine_n never_o to_o be_v imitate_v by_o human_a art_n and_o i_o find_v myself_o more_o incline_v to_o applaud_v the_o judgement_n of_o that_o prodigy_n of_o mathematical_a knowledge_n archimedes_n of_o syracuse_n for_o never_o attempt_v to_o counterfeit_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n than_o to_o admire_v his_o wit_n show_v in_o make_v a_o sphere_n of_o glass_n athan._n 1._o kircher_n deny_v that_o any_o part_n of_o it_o be_v glass_n but_o only_o the_o outside_n that_o man_n may_v discern_v the_o wheel_n and_o motion_n within_o which_o represent_v the_o perfect_a order_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o celestial_a body_n and_o which_o claudian_n 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perpetual_a succession_n of_o drop_n and_o the_o liquor_n itself_o be_v in_o the_o state_n of_o health_n always_o of_o the_o same_o temper_n and_o consistence_n and_o the_o narrow_a canales_n in_o the_o nerve_n always_o equal_o retard_v its_o descent_n and_o efflux_n therefore_o it_o seem_v necessary_a that_o the_o time_n of_o quiet_a or_o the_o pause_v intervenient_a betwixt_o the_o drop_n shall_v be_v equal_a so_o long_o as_o the_o liquor_n retain_v the_o same_o degree_n of_o fluxility_n or_o be_v not_o hinder_v by_o great_a violence_n but_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o liquor_n be_v become_v either_o more_o thin_a and_o fluxible_a than_o be_v fit_a as_o common_o it_o do_v upon_o debauch_n with_o wine_n or_o other_o strong_a drink_n or_o saline_n acrimonious_a acid_n or_o of_o any_o other_o vicious_a and_o irritate_v quality_n as_o often_o it_o be_v vitiate_a in_o many_o malady_n chief_o in_o scorbuto_n inveterato_fw-la or_o fall_v into_o a_o fermentation_n which_o i_o have_v reason_n to_o conjecture_v it_o always_o do_v in_o fever_n and_o more_o eminent_o in_o the_o small_a pox_n the_o matter_n of_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v not_o the_o blood_n but_o the_o succus_fw-la nutritius_fw-la in_o a_o peculiar_a manner_n corrupt_v and_o critical_o transmit_v from_o the_o brain_n through_o the_o nerve_n into_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o body_n or_o be_v agitate_a by_o any_o swift_a motion_n as_o in_o the_o more_o violent_a passion_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o chief_o in_o anger_n it_o be_v in_o all_o these_o case_n the_o motion_n and_o distil_v of_o it_o into_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o heart_n must_v be_v accelerate_a proportionate_o and_o consequent_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n will_v be_v more_o frequent_o repete_v and_o the_o pause_v intercedent_a betwixt_o they_o will_v be_v as_o those_o intervenient_a betwixt_o the_o drop_n short_a and_o here_o a_o fair_a occasion_n offer_v itself_o to_o i_o of_o expatiate_v into_o the_o various_a and_o numerose_n difference_n of_o pulse_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o endeavour_v to_o solve_v they_o rational_o by_o this_o hypothesis_n which_o alone_o be_v capable_a to_o do_v it_o but_o the_o shortness_n of_o the_o time_n appoint_v for_o my_o sit_v in_o this_o place_n forbid_v i_o to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o stillicidium_fw-la or_o guttulation_n of_o the_o succus_fw-la nervosus_fw-la out_o of_o the_o end_n of_o the_o cardiac_n nerve_n we_o have_v various_a familiar_a example_n we_o see_v that_o sponge_n filtre_n and_o even_o glass_n tube_v of_o very_o small_a bore_n though_o they_o be_v continual_o replete_a with_o water_n or_o any_o other_o liquor_n yet_o the_o liquor_n do_v not_o flow_v out_o of_o their_o low_a end_n or_o orifice_n in_o a_o continue_a course_n as_o water_n gush_v out_o of_o a_o fountain_n or_o out_o of_o the_o cock_n of_o a_o cistern_n but_o by_o drop_n with_o aequitemporaneous_a stop_n or_o pause_n betwixt_o the_o drop_n the_o true_a cause_n of_o which_o 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to_o any_o man_n of_o common_a sense_n who_o shall_v consider_v first_o the_o near_a similitude_n that_o be_v between_o the_o thread_n of_o a_o chord_n and_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o heart_n in_o figure_n in_o tenacity_n and_o strength_n in_o aptness_n to_o swell_v and_o consequent_o to_o shorten_v themselves_o upon_o humectation_n and_o in_o the_o faculty_n of_o restore_v themselves_o to_o their_o natural_a tone_n after_o extension_n and_o then_o the_o little_a or_o no_o difference_n betwixt_o water_n and_o the_o succus_a nervosus_n as_o to_o the_o power_n of_o insinuate_v into_o and_o dilate_v the_o pore_n of_o body_n natural_o apt_a to_o swell_v and_o shrink_v for_o since_o the_o two_o agent_n viz._n water_n and_o the_o succus_fw-la nervosus_fw-la be_v so_o alike_o in_o their_o efficacy_n as_o to_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o pore_n of_o tensile_n body_n and_o since_o the_o two_o patient_n also_o viz._n the_o thread_n of_o a_o chord_n and_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o heart_n have_v 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motion_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o then_o humble_o and_o without_o reserve_n submit_v all_o part_n of_o my_o disquisition_n for_o i_o pretend_v not_o to_o know_v but_o only_o to_o inquire_v truth_n to_o your_o examen_fw-la and_o judgement_n the_o sum_n of_o the_o precedent_n hypothesis_n be_v this_o i_o suppose_v first_o that_o the_o immediate_a efficient_a of_o the_o pulsation_n or_o constriction_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o abbreviation_n of_o the_o fibre_n of_o it_o arise_v from_o the_o dilatation_n or_o expansion_n of_o their_o pore_n or_o little_a mesh_n second_o that_o the_o mediate_v efficient_a be_v the_o succus_fw-la nervosus_fw-la derive_v from_o the_o brain_n through_o the_o cardiac_n nerve_n which_o be_v instill_v into_o and_o diffuse_v through_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o heart_n fill_v and_o dilate_v their_o pore_n and_o by_o necessary_a consequence_n abbreviate_v they_o with_o force_n sufficient_a to_o make_v the_o systole_n or_o constriction_n of_o the_o ventricles_n and_o to_o express_v the_o blood_n contain_v in_o they_o three_o that_o the_o short_a quiet_n or_o pause_v intercede_v betwixt_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n arise_v from_o equal_a pause_n or_o intermission_n betwixt_o the_o drop_n of_o the_o succus_fw-la nervosus_fw-la instill_v into_o and_o swell_v the_o fibre_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o that_o as_o the_o time_n of_o the_o dropping_n be_v equal_a among_o themselves_o so_o be_v also_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n isochronic_a or_o aequitemporaneous_a four_o that_o the_o motion_n and_o guttulation_n of_o the_o succus_fw-la nervosus_fw-la into_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v accelerate_a or_o retard_v by_o whatsoever_o cause_n the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n must_v be_v more_o or_o less_o frequent_a proportionate_o thereto_o which_o thing_n if_o you_o now_o at_o length_n shall_v judge_v to_o be_v consentaneous_a to_o right_a reason_n agreeable_a to_o the_o animal_n oeconomy_n
congruous_a to_o the_o organical_a structure_n of_o the_o heart_n to_o all_o which_o i_o have_v be_v careful_a to_o adjust_a they_o and_o in_o fine_a consistent_a among_o themselves_o then_o i_o shall_v with_o assurance_n conclude_v that_o the_o heart_n be_v as_o all_o automata_n be_v move_v by_o mechanic_n necessity_n which_o be_v what_o i_o propose_v to_o demonstrate_v even_o without_o that_o incredible_a displosion_n of_o saline_n and_o acid_n spirit_n in_o the_o heart_n first_o imagine_v by_o doctor_n willis_n and_o since_o assert_v by_o a_o man_n of_o much_o great_a erudition_n and_o more_o solid_a judgement_n namely_o alphonsus_n borellus_n as_o necessary_a to_o be_v suppose_v in_o order_n to_o the_o solution_n of_o this_o great_a problem_n of_o the_o pulsation_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o that_o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o muscle_n which_o pretty_a conceit_n i_o will_v first_o revive_v in_o your_o memory_n by_o recite_v a_o few_o of_o borellus_n own_o word_n faithful_o and_o then_o offer_v to_o your_o consideration_n the_o reason_n that_o have_v induce_v i_o to_o reject_v it_o restat_fw-la igitur_fw-la say_v he_o quòd_fw-la sicut_fw-la omnes_fw-la musculi_fw-la contrahuntur_fw-la inflatis_fw-la vesiculis_fw-la eorum_fw-la pororum_fw-la sic_fw-la quoque_fw-la immediata_fw-la causa_fw-la tensionis_fw-la cordis_n erit_fw-la inflatio_fw-la vesicularum_fw-la pororum_fw-la ejus_fw-la facta_fw-la à _fw-la fermentativa_fw-la ebullitione_fw-la tartarearum_fw-la partium_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la à _fw-la succo_n spirituoso_fw-la ex_fw-la orificiis_fw-la nervorum_fw-la instillato_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o reason_n that_o dissuade_v i_o from_o assent_v to_o so_o great_a a_o man_n in_o this_o matter_n be_v these_o first_o we_o have_v the_o testimony_n even_o of_o our_o sight_n the_o most_o certain_a of_o all_o our_o sense_n that_o in_o a_o egg_n after_o a_o day_n or_o two_o incubation_n of_o the_o hen_n the_o punctum_fw-la saliens_fw-la first_fw-mi and_o 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pulsans_fw-la be_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o change_n of_o the_o genital_a liquor_n into_o blood_n not_o only_o the_o conceptacle_n of_o it_o but_o also_o the_o engine_n that_o give_v it_o motion_n and_o therefore_o the_o new_a make_v blood_n can_v contribute_v nothing_o towards_o the_o pulsation_n thereof_o second_o if_o not_o only_o the_o natural_a motion_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o also_o the_o voluntary_a motion_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o muscle_n proceed_v from_o a_o explosion_n of_o mutual_o hostile_a spirit_n concur_v and_o combat_v in_o they_o as_o borellus_n affirm_v why_o have_v not_o all_o other_o muscle_n as_o well_o as_o the_o heart_n a_o perpetual_a pulsation_n in_o they_o when_o the_o same_o blood_n and_o the_o same_o succus_fw-la spirituosus_fw-la perpetual_o concur_v in_o they_o no_o less_o than_o in_o the_o heart_n and_o what_o dominion_n can_v the_o soul_n have_v over_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o limb_n to_o exercise_v which_o of_o they_o she_o please_v and_o as_o long_o as_o she_o please_v and_o give_v they_o rest_v when_o she_o please_v if_o they_o be_v agitate_a every_o moment_n by_o squibbs_n or_o cracker_n break_v within_o they_o certain_o she_o can_v never_o moderate_v such_o violent_a and_o tumultuous_fw-la explosion_n beside_o it_o be_v wonderful_a strange_a if_o those_o explosion_n be_v make_v in_o a_o muscle_n when_o it_o act_n that_o we_o shall_v never_o perceive_v it_o to_o be_v distend_v or_o heave_v up_o outward_o but_o that_o on_o the_o contrary_a we_o shall_v plain_o perceive_v the_o muscle_n in_o all_o voluntary_a motion_n to_o be_v strong_o constringe_v inward_o to_o be_v minorate_v and_o become_v hard_a which_o be_v a_o certain_a indicium_fw-la that_o they_o be_v move_v in_o a_o manner_n quite_o contrary_a to_o inflation_n three_o such_o a_o explosion_n make_v in_o the_o heart_n may_v indeed_o cause_v the_o diastole_n of_o it_o by_o inflate_v and_o distend_v the_o ventricles_n but_o will_v hinder_v the_o systole_n or_o constriction_n of_o they_o inward_o which_o be_v requisite_a to_o the_o expression_n of_o the_o blood_n for_o the_o suppose_a explosion_n consist_v like_o that_o of_o aurum_fw-la fulminans_fw-la or_o gunpowder_n in_o a_o motion_n expansive_a will_v of_o necessity_n dilate_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o heart_n four_o if_o a_o explosion_n of_o acid_n and_o saline_n liquor_n meet_v commix_v and_o war_a in_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o immediate_a efficient_a of_o its_o motion_n it_o be_v consentaneous_a to_o infer_v that_o where_o the_o ingredient_n of_o this_o explosive_a mixture_n be_v more_o copiose_fw-la there_o the_o explosion_n ought_v to_o be_v more_o frequent_a &_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la but_o in_o suck_a infant_n who_o be_v nourish_v only_o with_o milk_n can_v reasonable_o be_v think_v to_o have_v much_o if_o any_o thing_n of_o acidity_n in_o the_o nutritive_a juice_n or_o of_o saltness_n in_o their_o blood_n the_o pulse_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v notwithstanding_o even_o in_o the_o state_n of_o health_n at_o least_o double_o quick_a or_o more_o frequent_a than_o in_o full_a grow_v man_n nay_o such_o who_o delight_n to_o feed_v on_o salt_n meat_n and_o drink_v plentiful_o french_a and_o other_o subacid_a wine_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v high_o improbable_a that_o the_o pulse_n of_o the_o heart_n shall_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o such_o explosion_n these_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o move_v i_o when_o i_o come_v to_o this_o instable_n bog_n to_o withdraw_v my_o judgement_n from_o the_o conduct_n of_o borellus_n who_o before_o i_o have_v so_o close_o follow_v and_o to_o divert_v into_o a_o private_a way_n which_o seem_v to_o promise_v i_o smother_v and_o firm_a soot_n and_o which_o notwithstanding_o i_o will_v not_o commend_v to_o other_o unless_o your_o approbation_n shall_v encourage_v i_o to_o pave_v it_o meanwhile_o the_o hourglass_n admonish_v i_o to_o reserve_v till_o i_o meet_v with_o some_o other_o opportunity_n what_o may_v be_v far_o allege_v to_o confirm_v the_o precedent_a explication_n of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n i_o will_v now_o add_v no_o more_o than_o three_o short_a advertisement_n and_o resign_v you_o up_o to_o the_o more_o profitable_a and_o more_o pleasant_a entertainment_n of_o your_o own_o better_a thought_n the_o first_o be_v that_o be_v probable_a that_o in_o every_o diastole_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o few_o and_o little_a drop_n of_o the_o succus_fw-la nervosus_fw-la which_o by_o wedge_v themselves_o into_o the_o small_a rhomboid_a pore_n or_o mesh_n of_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o so_o dilate_v they_o cause_v the_o immediate_o precedent_a systole_n be_v by_o the_o restitutive_a motion_n of_o the_o same_o fibres_fw-fr squeeze_v out_o of_o those_o pore_n into_o the_o parenchyma_n of_o the_o heart_n whence_o they_o be_v absorb_v and_o carry_v off_o with_o the_o blood_n by_o the_o vein_n and_o so_o make_v room_n for_o the_o next_o succeed_a drop_n to_o cause_v the_o next_o systole_n and_o so_o the_o systole_n and_o diastole_n of_o the_o heart_n come_v to_o be_v alternate_o repete_v and_o the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n to_o be_v perpetuate_v this_o i_o say_v be_v probable_a because_o nature_n have_v institute_v the_o like_a absorption_n of_o the_o redundant_fw-la succus_fw-la nervosus_fw-la by_o vein_n in_o many_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n more_o eminent_o in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n where_o the_o jugular_a vein_n imbibe_n whatever_o humour_n distil_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o brain_n agit_fw-fr as_o doctor_n lower_v express_o affirm_v and_o with_o good_a reason_n in_o these_o word_n humour_n omnis_fw-la è_fw-la cerebro_fw-la proveniens_fw-la in_o venas_fw-la jugulares_fw-la resorbetur_fw-la i_o have_v heretofore_o i_o confess_v a_o thought_n that_o the_o humour_n contain_v in_o the_o pericardium_n may_v have_v no_o other_o fountain_n but_o the_o relic_n of_o the_o succus_fw-la nervosus_fw-la express_v out_o of_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o diastole_n when_o after_o violent_a tension_n they_o exercise_v their_o natural_a faculty_n of_o restitution_n but_o when_o i_o have_v
see_v that_o the_o liquor_n find_v in_o the_o pericardium_n be_v easy_o capable_a of_o coagulation_n either_o by_o heat_n or_o cold_a so_o as_o to_o become_v like_o jelly_n of_o hartshorn_n or_o the_o white_a of_o a_o egg_n harden_v by_o boil_v as_o the_o serum_fw-la of_o the_o blood_n will_v do_v and_o observe_v the_o various_a little_a gland_n seat_v about_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n for_o which_o i_o can_v find_v no_o other_o equal_o probable_a use_n as_o to_o instil_v the_o serum_fw-la into_o the_o pericardium_n to_o facilitate_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o most_o certain_o that_o liquor_n do_v as_o the_o humour_n instill_v out_o of_o the_o glandulae_fw-la lacrymale_n upon_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o eye_n serve_v to_o moisten_v and_o make_v they_o more_o easy_o movable_a every_o way_n when_o i_o have_v i_o say_v observe_v and_o consider_v these_o thing_n i_o reject_v that_o thought_n and_o embrace_v this_o of_o the_o absorption_n of_o the_o relic_n of_o the_o succus_fw-la nervosus_fw-la by_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o second_o be_v that_o the_o diastole_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v cause_v partly_o by_o the_o relaxation_n of_o the_o fibre_n of_o it_o spontaneous_o restore_v themselves_o to_o their_o natural_a posture_n and_o length_n as_o all_o other_o tensile_n body_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v after_o they_o have_v be_v distend_v partly_o by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o blood_n rush_v out_o of_o the_o ear_n into_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o replenish_n they_o wherefore_o the_o wisdom_n of_o nature_n be_v admirable_a also_o in_o this_o that_o she_o ordain_v these_o two_o cause_n of_o the_o diastole_n viz._n the_o relaxation_n of_o the_o fibre_n and_o the_o influx_n of_o the_o blood_n into_o the_o ventricles_n to_o be_v exact_o coincident_a that_o with_o unite_a force_n they_o may_v cooperate_v more_o efficacious_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o in_o the_o diastole_n the_o heart_n be_v not_o whole_o passive_a as_o all_o anatomist_n hitherto_o have_v believe_v it_o to_o be_v for_o unless_o the_o fibres_n do_v restore_v themselves_o to_o their_o former_a longitude_n which_o be_v a_o natural_a action_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o influx_n of_o the_o blood_n happen_v certain_o there_o can_v be_v no_o room_n to_o receive_v the_o blood_n because_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o ventricles_n will_v continue_v to_o touch_v each_o the_o other_o and_o so_o there_o can_v be_v no_o diastole_n the_o three_o and_o last_o be_v that_o it_o appear_v from_o the_o whole_a series_n of_o this_o discourse_n that_o the_o pulsation_n or_o constriction_n of_o the_o heart_n have_v its_o force_n from_o that_o mechanic_n power_n which_o be_v call_v the_o wedge_n and_o that_o the_o blood_n be_v express_v out_o of_o the_o heart_n by_o virtue_n of_o another_o mechanic_n power_n which_o be_v name_v the_o praelum_fw-la or_o press_n and_o consequent_o that_o the_o heart_n itself_o be_v as_o all_o automata_n be_v move_v not_o by_o spirit_n nor_o by_o a_o pulsifick_a faculty_n nor_o by_o rarefaction_n of_o the_o blood_n nor_o ebullition_n or_o fermentation_n of_o the_o blood_n nor_o by_o explosion_n of_o saline_n and_o acid_n spirituose_fw-la liquor_n but_o by_o mechanic_n necessity_n which_o from_o the_o beginning_n i_o hope_v i_o shall_v be_v able_a fair_o to_o prove_v if_o the_o success_n of_o my_o endeavour_n have_v not_o be_v answerable_a to_o that_o hope_n i_o will_v not_o go_v about_o to_o extenuate_v the_o blame_n of_o my_o faileur_n by_o cite_v example_n of_o much_o great_a wit_n which_o have_v before_o i_o in_o vain_a attempt_v to_o reveal_v the_o same_o secret_a of_o nature_n but_o consolate_v myself_o with_o this_o that_o my_o judge_n be_v man_n no_o less_o belove_v for_o their_o exemplary_a candour_n and_o humanity_n than_o honour_v for_o their_o excellency_n in_o all_o kind_n of_o learning_n and_o who_o need_v not_o be_v put_v in_o mind_n that_o truth_n be_v a_o tree_n who_o root_n be_v in_o heaven_n and_o of_o which_o even_o the_o wise_a of_o we_o dim-sighted_a mortal_n here_o upon_o earth_n see_v nothing_o but_o the_o shadow_n of_o its_o branch_n i_o will_v therefore_o conclude_v this_o inelaborate_a disquisition_n with_o that_o memorable_a say_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o roman_a orator_n consolation_n de_n his_o statuat_fw-la unusquisque_fw-la ut_fw-la libet_fw-la quid_fw-la autem_fw-la verius_fw-la sit_fw-la deus_fw-la ipse_fw-la viderit_fw-la hominem_fw-la quidem_fw-la scire_fw-la arbitror_fw-la neminem_fw-la ¶_o ⸫_o my_o lecture_n such_o as_o they_o be_v much_o honour_a auditor_n you_o have_v with_o oblige_a patience_n hear_v be_v please_v i_o beseech_v you_o to_o hear_v also_o before_o you_o rise_v a_o word_n which_o i_o have_v to_o speak_v in_o my_o own_o defence_n be_v it_o not_o indecent_a to_o compare_v small_a thing_n with_o great_a i_o shall_v venture_v perhaps_o to_o advertise_v you_o that_o the_o reason_n which_o induce_v i_o to_o attempt_v a_o reformation_n of_o the_o borellian_a hypothesis_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o doctor_n harvey_n himself_o call_v the_o sun_n of_o the_o microcosm_n sanguine_a seem_v to_o have_v some_o kind_n of_o analogy_n to_o those_o which_o move_v the_o prince_n of_o astronomer_n tycho_n brahe_n to_o dislike_v the_o ptolemaic_a system_n of_o the_o macrocosm_n or_o great_a world_n and_o to_o excogitate_v a_o new_a one_o of_o more_o probability_n and_o neatness_n for_o as_o tycho_n animadvert_v that_o the_o celestial_a orb_n have_v be_v by_o ptolemy_n distribute_v unhansom_o that_o so_o many_o and_o so_o great_a epicycle_n be_v in_o vain_a imagine_v to_o explicate_v the_o retrogradation_n of_o the_o planet_n and_o their_o various_a respect_n to_o the_o sun_n and_o that_o the_o equality_n of_o the_o circular_a motion_n be_v measure_v not_o from_o the_o centre_n of_o its_o proper_a circle_n as_o it_o ought_v but_o from_o the_o centre_n of_o another_o eccentric_a circle_n against_o the_o first_o principle_n of_o nature_n and_o art_n invent_v a_o new_a system_fw-la exempt_a from_o all_o these_o incommodity_n which_o be_v in_o truth_n the_o copernican_n invert_v so_o i_o conceive_v that_o in_o the_o borellian_a hypothesis_n and_o explosion_n of_o i_o know_v not_o what_o saline_n and_o acid_n material_n in_o the_o heart_n be_v not_o only_o in_o itself_o extreme_o improbable_a and_o incongruous_a to_o the_o wisdom_n of_o nature_n which_o always_o constitute_v certain_a and_o regular_a cause_n to_o produce_v certain_a and_o regular_a effect_n but_o also_o unnecessary_o suppose_v to_o solve_v the_o phaenomenon_n of_o the_o heart_n pulsation_n set_v my_o dull_a brain_n on_o work_n to_o reform_v it_o and_o soon_o invent_v another_o that_o seem_v both_o free_a from_o those_o inconvenience_n and_o more_o agreeable_a to_o the_o organical_a structure_n of_o the_o heart_n to_o which_o above_o all_o thing_n it_o be_v requisite_a i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o adjust_a it_o this_o i_o think_v myself_o oblige_v to_o signify_v lest_o any_o here_o shall_v believe_v either_o that_o i_o have_v usurp_v to_o myself_o this_o whole_a system_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n from_o that_o most_o excellent_a mathematician_n alphonsus_n borellus_n who_o memory_n i_o high_o honour_n or_o that_o i_o lay_v claim_n to_o more_o than_o a_o candid_a attempt_n to_o reform_v it_o ¶_o ⸫_o epilogus_fw-la praelectionum_fw-la quidem_fw-la vela_fw-la jam_fw-la tandem_fw-la contraxi_fw-la nondum_fw-la tamen_fw-la dissolutam_fw-la video_fw-la concionem_fw-la resistamus_fw-la igitur_fw-la hîc_fw-la parumper_fw-la auditores_fw-la ornatissimâ—_n si_fw-la vobis_fw-la ita_fw-la videatur_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la stupendam_fw-la illam_fw-la cujus_fw-la rationem_fw-la mechanicam_fw-la hactenus_fw-la tam_fw-la anxiè_fw-la inquisivimus_fw-la cordis_n fabricam_fw-la seriò_fw-la respiciamus_fw-la ind_n enim_fw-la etiamsi_fw-la alia_fw-la omne_fw-la in_o universitate_fw-la rerum_fw-la deessent_fw-la divinae_fw-la architecturae_fw-la documenta_fw-la cuivis_fw-la hominum_fw-la pronum_fw-la est_fw-la infer_v &_o quam_fw-la sit_fw-la immensa_fw-la illius_fw-la caeterorumque_fw-la omnium_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la mundo_fw-la adspect_n abilium_fw-la conditoris_fw-la solertia_fw-la quámque_fw-la parum_fw-la ab_fw-la immedicabili_fw-la cum_fw-la animi_fw-la tum_fw-la mentis_fw-la stupiditate_fw-la olim_fw-la abfuerit_fw-la epicurus_n qui_fw-la animalia_fw-la casu_fw-la quodam_fw-la in_fw-la prima_fw-la rerum_fw-la procreatione_fw-la genita_fw-la fuisse_fw-la vecorditer_fw-la censuit_fw-la &_o opinatus_fw-la est_fw-la consequenter_fw-la totam_fw-la in_o iis_fw-la membrorum_fw-la varietatem_fw-la dearticulationemque_fw-la non_fw-la aliunde_fw-la quam_fw-la ex_fw-la atomorum_fw-la fortè_fw-la fortuna_fw-la post_fw-la infinitos_fw-la inter_fw-la se_fw-la in_o spatio_fw-la infinito_fw-la vortices_fw-la ita_fw-la concurrentium_fw-la atque_fw-la commistarum_fw-la dispositione_n extitisse_fw-la quamobrem_fw-la neque_fw-la ullam_fw-la fuisse_fw-la intelligentis_fw-la naturae_fw-la prudentiam_fw-la quae_fw-la ossa_fw-la cerebrum_fw-la cor_fw-la nervos_fw-la venas_fw-la quae_fw-la oculos_fw-la manus_fw-la pedes_fw-la viscera_fw-la quae_fw-la cetera_fw-la omne_fw-la conformans_fw-la ad_fw-la fine_n certos_fw-la seu_fw-la functiones_fw-la partibus_fw-la congruas_fw-la respexerit_fw-la sed_fw-la singulas_fw-la part_n ita_fw