following Powders or Tablets have their turns in the course of Phyfick Take powder of Vipers Flesh prepar'd at Montpellier an ounce Hearts and Livers of the same half an ounce Species Diambroe two ounces make a Powder let a dram be taken twice a day with three ounces of the distilled Water or with Viper Wine with a decoction of the Leaves of Sage of the Roots and Seeds of the great Bur-dock and Eringo roots condited made in a sufficient quantity of Fountain-Water to a half to the quantity of six or eight ounces warm in the morning expecting a sweat Take Solar Mineral Bezoar half an ounce Cloves powdred two drams mix them make a powder to be divided into twelve parts let one part be taken twice a day after the same manner with the use of these kinds of Remedies let gentle Catharticks be pretty ften interlac'd Take powder of choice Roots of Zedoary and the lesser Galingal of each a dram and a half Species Diambror a dram powder of the Seeds of Mustard Rochet Scurvy-grass Water-cresses of each half a dram make a subtle powder of all add pure Oyle of Amber half a dram with six ounces of white Sugar dissolved in compound Peony Water and boyled to a Consistency for Tablets make Tablets according to Art each weighing half a dram let three or four be eaten twice a day drinking after it a dose of some one of the Liquors even now mentioned Take powder of the roots of Virginia Serpentary two drams of the lesser Galingal a dram of the Gummous extract from the residency of the distillation of Quercitans Elixir of Life a dram Flowers of Sal Armoniack or of pure volatile salt of Soot or of Harts-horn a dram Balsam of Peru a scruple Balsamum Capivi what suffises make a Mass let it be made into little Pills rowling them in species Diambrae the dose is half a dram evening and morning or Take Rosin or Gum of Guaiacum three drams species Diambrae a dram Chymical Oyle of Guaiacum excellently rectified a dram and a half liquid Amber what suffices make a mass let it be formed into Pills to be taken after the same manner But if a Palsey hapning in a bilous Temperament or in young Persons admits only mild Medicines being wont to be exaspirated by any that are hot and elastick the following forms will be of use for removing its Procatarxis Take Conserve of the Flowers of Betony Fumitory Primrose Flowers of each two ounces species Diambrae a dram Ivory Crabs Eyes Crabs Claws of each four scruples Powder of Peony Flowers two drams Lignum Aloes yellow Saunders of each a dram Salt of Wormwood a dram and a half with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Peony Flowers make an Electuary the dose is two drams a day drinking after it either of the simple Water of the Leaves of Aron or of the following compound Water three ounces or of a Decoction of Sage with the Leaves of Tea infused in it four or six Ounces Take Rots of Aron male Peony Angelica Masterwort of each half a pound Leaves of Sage Rosemary Marjoram Booklimes Water-cresses of each four handfuls the Flowers of Primroses Cowslips Marygolds of each three handfuls the yellow coats of six Oranges and four Limons all being slic'd and bruised pour to them of new Milk six pounds Malaga-wine two pounds distill them with common Organs let the whole Liquour be mixt Instead of the Electuary sometimes for fourteen or fifteen dayes let the use of the Syrup of Steel be interlaced wherefore let a spoonful be taken in three ounces of the distilled Water it may be made after this manner Take double refined Sugar dissolved in black Cherry Water and boyled to a Consistency for Tablets eight ounces adding of our Steel powdred three drams let them be stirred together on the Fire and then pour to them by degrees Rosemary Water warmed twelve ounces let them seeth gently for a quarter of an hour taking off the froth and pour it out warm through a hair Strainer Chalybeat Tablets also may be made after this manner viz. To the Sugar sufficiently boyled with the Steel add Oyle of Amber or Chymical Oyle of Rosemary half a dram and presently pour it forth that it may run abroad into a Consistency for Tablets the dose is two drams twice a day drinking after it of the distilled Water or of the following Apozome six ounces Take China Roots an ounce shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each half an ounce white and yellow Saunders Mastick-wood of each half an ounce let there be a warm and close infusion for a Night in six pounds of Fountain-water in the Morning add Roots of Chervil Avens Butchers-broom stone-Parsley of each an ounce and a half dryed Leaves of Ground-Ivy Sage Germander Betony of each a handful Coriander Seeds three drams let them boyle to a half then add of White-wine half a pound and strain it into a Bottle on two handfuls of Leaves of Water-cresses bruised make a warm and close infusion for two hours strain it again and keep it in a stopt Vessel In a scorbutick Palsey Juices and Expressions of Herbs often give an excellent relief Take fresh Leaves of Brooklimes Water-cresses Plantain of each four handfuls being bruised together pour to them of the distilled Water even now described eight ounces express it strongly keeping it in a Glass and let three or four ounces be given twice or thrice a day At the earliest and latest physical Hours viz. in the Evening and early in the Morning let the following Pills be taken Take Millepedes prepared three drams and a half Pearl a dram and a half Roots of bastard Dittany a dram Venice Turpentine what suffises make a mass form it into small Pills the dose is half a dram drinking after it a little draught of the distilled water For ordinary drink let either a Bochet be prescribed of Sarsa China yellow Saunders c. or small Ale with the dryed Leaves of Ground-Ivy boyled in it and of Sage with the wood Sassafras infused While these things are done for removing the Procatarxis of the Disease no less a curatory endeavour is required for its conjunct Cause viz. that any places obstructed being again opened may admit and give a free passage to the animal Spirits freed from stupefaction There are two chief kinds of Remedies which conduce much for these ends viz. the one particular and special to be applied to the Places affected to wit that by Fomentations Liniments Plaisters and other outward Applications the stupified Spirits may be raised up again and their Ductus's be opened the other universal to wit that the Blood and Spirits and the other humours and the active particles abounding in the whole Body being very much agitated and put in a more rapid Motion making as it were a swift current may force from before them and remove damms or Obstacles any where sticking by which the Spirits are obstructed The Administrations to be used to the outward
the Tincture of Salt of Tartar of Steel and other things that chiefly abound with Spirit and havd a plenty of Sulphur of which sometimes these sometimes those may be taken as every patient lists When by reason of the Bloods being not kindled and consequently of its too greatcorwding and stagnation as it were within the Praecordia a languishing and failing of the Spirits with a great oppression of the Heart happens then Aqua Mirabilis the waters of Cinnamon Cloves Wormwood Compound also of the Rines of Oranges distill'd with Wine are proper to which sometimes a Dose of some Spirit Elixir or Tincture may be added But here great caution is needful that a person do no indulge himself too much to these kind of Cordials for many by often sipping of them get an ill habit continuing their daily use and encreasing the Dose which at length proves fatal to them for the Liver chiefly and other entrails are so dry'd and scorch'd thereby that the stock of Blood being diminish'd and its Crasis perverted an unhealthy Cacochymia follows or an abbreviation of Life In the second Rank of Cordials we put those Medicines which somewhat appease the too great boiling of the Blood and put a little stop to and allay its immoderate deflagration of this kind are distill'd Waters Acids and Nitrous things Take the waters of Wood-sorrel of whole Citrons of Straw-berrys of each four Ounces Syrup of the Juice of Citrons an Ounce Pearl Powdred a Dram Make a Julape the Dose is two Ounces three or four times a day Take the waters of Pippins or Garden Apples of Rasberrys of each four Ounces Syrup of Violets an Ounce Spirit of Vitriol twelve Drops Make a Julape Take fountain water a Pound and a half Juice of Limmons two Ounces Sugar an Ounce and a half Make a drink of which let three Ounces be taken at pleasure Take Grass Roots three Ounces Candied Eringos six Ounces two Apples slic'd or Corinths two Ounces Shavings of Ivory and of Harts-horn of each two Drams Leaves of Wood-sorrel a handful boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds to the clear straining add of Sal Prunella a Dram and a half Syrup of Violets an Ounce and a half Make an Apozem the Dose is three or four Ounces thrice a day Take Conserve of red Roses vitriolated four Ounces fountain water two pounds dissolve it close cover'd and warm then strain it the Dose is three Ounces at pleasure Take Conserve of Barberrys Rob of Rasberrys of each an Ounce and a half Pearl prepar'd half a Dram Confection of Hyacinth a Dram Syrup of the Juice of Citrons what suffices Make a Confection the Dose is half a Dram thrice a day The third rank of Cordials furnishes those sorts of Medicines which being destinated against the exorbitancies of the boiling Blood loosen and open its close texture for the separation and discharge of its drossy superfluities These being chiefly and in a manner only of a saline nature are also of divers kinds according to the manifold state of the saline Particles of which they consist but for the most part their Basis is either a Volatile Alchalisate Acid Fixt or Nitrous Salt we shall set down certain forms of each of these In the First place Cordials endow'd with a volatile Salt are wont to be given with good effect according to the following prescripts both in Feavers in respect of the Blood and also in swoonings and sudden faintings in respect of the Animal Spirits Take Spirit of Hartshorn from fifteen Grains to twenty Treacle water two Drams give it with a spoon drinking after it a draught of some appropriated Liquor After the same manner may be given the Spirits of Blood of Mans Scull of Soot of Sal Armoniack Compound Take Salt of Vipers a Dram Sal Prunella two Drams Powder of Crabs Claws Compound a Dram and a half Mix them make a Powder the Dose is from half a Dram to two Scruples in a spoonful of Cordial Julape drinking after it a little draught of the same Take Flowers of Sal Armoniack half a Scruple Bezoartick Mineral a Scruple Make a Powder give it in a spoonful of some proper Liquor Secondly Those are chiefly call'd by the name of Cordials by the Vulgar whose Basis is an Alchalisate or Petrifying Salt as particularly Oriental Bezoar Pearl Coral and other Powders of Shells and Stones Take Gascoins Powder or Powder of Crabs Claws Compound from a Scruple to half a Dram give it in a spoonful of Cordial Julape drinking after it two Ounces of the same Take Oriental Bezoar from six Grains to twenty give it after the same manner Take Powders of Crabs Claws and Crabs Eyes of each a Dram Pearl both sorts of Coral prepar'd of each four Scruples both sorts of Bezoar half a Dram the best Bole-Armoniack Aurum Diaphoreticum of each two Scruples Bezoartick Mineral a Dram Mix them make a Cordial Powder the Dose is from a Scruple to two Scruples or a Dram with a fit Vehicle In Persons seiz'd with a Plurisie the following things are accounted the most proper Cordials for as much as by destroying the predominancy of the acid Salt they take away or prevent the Coagulations and Extravasatings of the Blood Take the Powder of a Wild Bores Tusk from half a Dram to a Dram Cristal Mineral a Scruple Powder of red Poppy Flowers half a Scruple Make a Powder to be taken in any Liquor After the same manner may be given the Powders of Crabs Eyes and of the Jaw-bone of the Pike-fish To this place belong also preparations of Nitre which are often given with good effect in Fevers according to the following Forms Take Cristal Mineral a Scruple Volatile Salt of Hartshorn from three Grains to six mix them Make a Powder give it in a spoonful of Cordial Julape Take Cristal Mineral Antimony Diaphoretick of each a Scruple Bezoartick Powder half a Scruple Make a Powder give it after the same manner Medicines whose Basis is a fluid or acid Salt are prescrib'd in Fevers after the following Forms to loosen the Texture of the Blood Take Spirit of Vitriol from four Drops to six Carduus water three Ounces Treacle water two Drams Syrup of the Juice of Citrons three Drams Pearl half a Scruple Make a draught to be taken twice or thrice a day Spirit of Salt or of Nitre may be taken after the same manner For the same the drink Cherbet called also the Divine drink of Palmarius are proper Take Powder of Hartshorn Calcin'd or of Antimony Diaphoretick three Drams Spirit of Vitriol or of Salt a Dram bray them together in a Glass Mortar and let them dry The Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram in a spoonful of Cordial Julape Fixt or lixivial Salts of Herbs often enter the Compositions of Alexipharmicks Moreover Medicines which have these for their Basis as they are accounted very famous Febrifuges so they ought to be numbred amongst Cordials for instance we
Stomach cold Dyscrasies also of the Blood and Spleen are joyn'd I use to prescribe according to the following forms Take Troches of Rhubarb Powder of Aron Roots Winters bark of each two Drams Roots of Virginia Serpentary Contrayerva Diatrion Santalon Crabs-eyes of each a Dram Extract of Gentian and Centory of each a Dram and a half Ammoniacum dissolved in Water of Earth-worms what suffices make a Mass for Pills let four Pills be taken in the Morning and at four a Clock in the Afternoon drinking after it a little Draught of Wormwood or Chalybeat Wine with a moderate Exercise Take Conserve of the Yellow Coats of Oranges and Lemons of each three Ounces Myrobalanes Condited in number two Species Aromatici Rosats Winters bark of each two Drams Salt of Wormwood two Drams Vitriol of Mars a Dram or Steel prepar'd three Drams with a sufficient quantity of the Juice of Citron-Pills make an Electuary let it be taken twice a day drinking after it a Draught of Wormwood-wine or of Wine in which the Bark or Flowers of Tamarisk are infus'd To those that like none but nice Medicines and in a small quantity you may properly give the Tinctures of Antimony of Coral also of Steel prepar'd with Spirit of Wine the Body being first open'd by fit Menstruums and brought to a Calx nay and I have known that Spirit of Soot also of Blood or of Harts-horn taken twice a day to twelve drops more or less in an appropriated Liquor have proved mighty beneficial above any other Medicines Again the assiduous drinking of Coffee and of Tea has done some very much good But if a Fervency and over-great Fermentation of the Blood be joyn'd to the Hypochondriacal Affect with a fervent heat of the Spleen and a restlesness of mind Take Conserve of Hips six Ounces or of Flowers of Tamarisk and Leaves of Wood-sorrel of each three Ounces Species Diarrhodon Abbatis the Confection of Alkermes of each a Dram Ivory Powdered a Dram and a half Pearl half a Dram Salt of Tamarisk and of Wormwood of each a Dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of the Juice of Citrons or of Clove Gilliflowers Make an Opiate let the quantity of a Nutmeg be taken twice a day Take Ivory Powdered two Drams Pearl powdered a Dram Species Diarrhodon Abbatis and Diamargariti frigidi of each a Dram and a half make a subtle Powder add of double refined Sugar dissolved in Baulm Water and boiled to a Consistency for Tablets six Ounces Make Tablets according to Art Take from a Dram and a half to two Drams twice a day Or to other Medicines of the like kind let the use of Spaw-waters be joyn'd which indeed in either nay in any cases of Hypochondriack Melancholy are in a manner always taken with good Success For waâ— of these Waters let our Artificial Spaw Waters be taken in thâ—â— stead nay and let Whey and if there be a considerable Atrophia let Asses Milk be daily taken Besides these inward Remedies and the other outward Applications above mentioned let Bleeding or Drawing of Blood from the Vessels of the Fundament by Leeches be frequently used nay and it is proper sometimes according to the Prescripts of the Antients to open the Salvatella Vein Moreover Cauteries and Issues which continually derive forth the Recrements of the adust Blood and discharge them by little and little are wont to do good to all 4. The Fourth Indication having regard to the Affects or Convulsive Symptoms of the Brain and Genus Nervosum which ensue upon the former is seldom put in practice by it self and apart from the others but the Remedies appointed for this end are complicated with those above written Liquors endowed with a volatile or Armoniack Salt as Spirit of Harts-horn of Soot are very proper for this intent and often likewise for the others even now mentioned Wherefore let such Remedies unless somewhat indicates the contrary be daily given at a seasonable hour Moreover when the Spaw Waters are Drunk let Tablets or Pills such as are above prescrib'd for Convulsive Affects be taken at least twice a day In a frequent giddiness and Scotomia also in Passions of the Heart Faintings of the Spirits with a fear and a dread as it were of present Death I have known a mighty Cure often performed by the use of Chalybeat Medicines Of Chalybeate Medicines SInce mention is here made of Chalybeate Medicines it seems expedient to enquire into the various Preparations of them and consequently into the divers sorts of Affects which they are wont to produce in the Body of Man that hence it may appear by what means and on what accounts these or other Preparations of Iron mightily benefit some Hypochondriacal persons and very much injure others Steel or Iron consists chiefly of Salt Sulphur and Earth it has very little of Spirit and Water and the Particles of the former Elements especially the Sulphureous and Saline in the mixt combin'd together with the Earth remain wholly fixt and without Action but being loosed and divided from each other they have a very efficacious Energy The foresaid Particles are dissolv'd and set at Liberty for Action two ways viz. either by Art when Medicines are prepared or by Nature after they are inwardly taken We shall consider both 1. The Filing of Iron inwardly taken is dissolved by the Ferment of the Stomach as by an acid Menstruum and upon the Iron 's being dissolved within the Viscera of Concoction the active Particles both Sulphureous and Saline plentifully display themselves and mixing with the nutritive Juice are carried into the Blood and as they are of a differing virtue often both of them as it were by joint Forces conspire for the good of the Diseased The Sulphureous Corpuscles passing into the Blood furnish it with a new and more plentiful stock of Sulphur so that its Mass if it were before depauperated and effaete ferments more sprightly within its Vessels and being more kindled in the Heart acquires a Heat more intense and a deeper colour Thus many troubled with a Leucophlegmatia and the longing Disease whose Countenance is pale and whose Blood is cold and watery after the use of Steel soon become of a more florid Aspect the Blood being given a more intense Tincture and Heat Again upon the Filing of Iron being dissolved in the Stomach the Saline Particles also are displayed and often produce good effects both in the solid parts and the Humours for being of a vitriolick and stiptick nature they astringe and corroborate the over Lax and weaken'd Fibres of the Viscera and so restore their broken Tone Moreover they stop the Impetus of the Blood repress it s over boiling and rising to a Froth and keep it in an even Circulation And again which is their greatest Virtue they straiten and close the over lax open and gaping Mouths of the Arteries so that neither the Serum nor bloody Latex may distil forth or break off the thread of Circulation
beget Catarrhs the Dropsie the Jaundise Melancholy and many other Affects Now if that extraneous thing be seasonably removed the Blood even as the Wine being free from that Extraneous Mixture soon recovers its former Constitution But each of those Liquors being for some time infected with Heterogeneous Contents at length degenerates from its due Crasis and consequently is not easily restor'd Again both Wine and the Blood fall from their due Temper for many other causes 1. Concerning Wines we may observe that sometimes the same do not come to a ripeness but for want of a Pneumatosis because the Spirits and other active principles of Salt and Sulphur being involv'd in such as are more Gross cannot clear themselves remain wholly Crude Wherefore they do not become Spirituous but being of a Gross consistency and of an ingrateful savour degenerate into a Flat Wine without strength Even so the Blood sometimes the Spirit and Sulphur being deprest remains Crude and Watry also without vigour and unapt for a sprightly accension in the Heart such a disposition causes the longing Disease and an Hydropical Diathesis 2. The Sulphureous part of the Wine being exalted above the rest causes an Immoderate Effervescency or an ebullition in the Liquor we call it a Fretting of Wines In like manner the Sulphureous part of the Blood being too much exalted and consequently apt to Boyl and be kindled in the Heart too much brings a Feverish distemper and is really the cause of many continual Fevers 3. Often in Wine the Spirit becoming faint and the Sulphur being bound the Saline part is rais'd to a State of flowing and praedominates over the rest wherefore the Liquor passes into Vinegar from such an Acetous disposition of the Blood Melancholy is caus'd 4 It 's a vulgar observation in Wines that besides that they degenerate into a Flat Wine or into Vinegar the same sometimes upon the Spirits being deprest and the Salt and Sulphur's being together exalted become either Rank or Pendulous or Mucilaginous we call it Wines become over Fretted or become Ropy In both changes the Spirit being brought under the Sulphureous and Saline Particles are joyn'd together and are above the other Elements and bring the Crasis of the Liquor to their nature But the thing is not done in both wholly after the same manner for in the former dyscrasie of the Wine the Sulphur is a little above the Salt and in the latter the Salt is above the Sulphur Nay and either of them being in power and having thrown off the Dominion of the Spirit takes the other to it and raises it above its due state Now it 's probable that the Blood is altered after the like manner in the Scorbutick affect as Wines when upon being overheated become over Fretted or become Ropy and we may conclude the Dyscrasy of the Blood which is the Parent of the Scurvy to be two fold as that of Wine viz. Sulphureo-Saline and Salino-Sulphureous For there being a very great variety of affects which are accounted of as belonging to the Scurvy all of them may be aptly enough reduc't to these two as it were chief heads or as the two fountains of the evil viz. First that the Blood being touch't with a Scorbutick taint either is very hot as in which the Sulphur having gotten the Dominion takes the Salt to it wherefore being become rank it Boyls disorderly in the Vessels and discharges continually from it self adust Recrements viz. the concretions of the Salt and Sulphur and disperses them every way which being outwardly spread produce Spots Wheals Pushes or Ulcers But being inwardly depos'd cause Vomitings Cardialgias Diarrhaeas or Dysenteries and also violent pains In this kind of Scorbutick rankness of the Blood only temperate remedies and frequent Bleedings agree and not Scurvygrass horse Raddish and other things of a smart and instigating Nature After the same manner as overfretted Wines are Cur'd by Racking them from the Lees and likewise by pouring Milk Amylum Ichthiocolla and other Lenifying things to them Or Secondly in the Blood which Foments the Scurvy the Salt having got the Dominion takes to it self the Sulphur wherefore it is not so hot but like Ropy Wine becomes thick and Mucilaginous as it were is Circulated slowly in the Vessels and is apt to stuff the Vessels as it passes through them Furring them with a Muddy Filth Such as are so affected for the most part being without Pushes or Cutaneous Eruptions become Dull Pursy and enervated are troubled with a Spontaneous Lassitude a Straitness of the Breast nay and are found obnoxious to Passions of the heart Faintings of the Spirits to a Giddiness and Convulsions And in this kind of Scorbutick disposition Hot remedies and such as are endued with a Volatile Salt nay and Galybeates which Fuse and exagitate the Blood are wont to be most of use after the like manner as Ropy Wines are dealt with to wit they ought to be very much stirr'd and agitated and also quicklime burnt Allom Lime Plaister Sea Salt Calcin'd and other things of a very smart nature are put into them I shall now shew after what manner the seeds of that Disease are laid in the other general humour viz. the Nervous Juice About the beginnings of a Scurvy till the Crasis of the Blood and the Tone of the Brain are wholly vitiated that Subtle Liquor which passes in the Brain and Nerves and is distill'd from the Blood coming to the Brain both as the Matter and Vehicle of the Animal Spirits is yet Spirituous and Sweet and not very unapt for any offices it ought to perform but afterwards from the Mass of Blood become depauperated and very much Effaete a much thinner Latex and inclining to a Sourness is distill'd Moreover from the Dreggy and as it were Rank or Muddy Blood Heterogeneous Particles and such as are very injurious to the Animal Oeconomy are sent and are admitted without difficulty into the Brain which is become weak and thence are diffus'd into its appendix both Medullary and Nervous with the Juice which passes in them Hence follow the Fallings and Eclipses sometimes Distractions and Painful and Convulsive Explosions of the Animal Spirits that happen in each of the Regions Wherefore the Palsey Convulsions a Giddiness Pains Tremblings and other Praeternatural affects of the Brain and Genus Nervosum are wont to ensue upon a Scurvy when deeply rooted Mean while we may observe in general that the Scorbutick Taint fixt in the Nervous Juice Consists in these three things viz. In some one of them or in all of them together viz. that the Liquor lying in the Brain and Nerves becomes much more thin or poorer that it degenerates from its Spirituo-Saline Crasis towards a Sourness that it is stuff't with Heterogeneous and Morbifick Particles As to the Prognostick of the Scurvy let your judgment in this case be wary long suspended and not rash for many as it has occurr'd to our observation accounted for desperate have recovered
bruised of each a Dram and a half Roots of Bastard-Dittany and of Male-Peony of each a Dram and a half Salt of Tamerisk two Drams with a sufficient quantity of the Gelly of Harts-horn or of the cast skins of Snakes Make a Mass Tablets TAke Species Diatrion Santalon and Diamargariti Frigidi of each a Dram and a half Pearl powdered red Coral prepar'd Ivory powdered of each a Dram Sugar dissolved in Scordium-water and boiled to a Consistency for Tablets six Ounces Make Tablets according to Art But if with those kinds of temperate Antiscorbuticks the use of Steel be indicated to the Electuary or to the Confection or also to the Mass of Pills let two Drams of Mynsicht's Magistery of Mars or of Extract of Steel of our preparation be added In some cases about two Drams and a half or three Drams of Crocus Martis may be added to such a Composition though it is often better to make the Liquors which are drank after solid Medicines Chalybeate than the foresaid Compositions It remains for us now to prescribe forms of Liquors Decoctions IN a Scurvy raised after a long Fever these kinds of Decoctions which purifie the Blood and plentifully move Urine are given with good effect Take Roots of Chervil Scorzonera Sorrel Stone-Parsley of each an Ounce Leaves of Agrimony and Harts-tongue of each a Handful burnt Harts-horn two Drams Parings of three Apples Corinths two Ounces Liquorice three Drams Let them boil in four Pounds of Fountain Water till a third part be consumed add Sal Prunella two or three Drams The Dose is four Ounces twice or thrice a day Take Eringo Roots preserv'd six Drams of Grass two Drams Leaves of Clivers two handfuls Agrimony and Liverwort of each a handful Raisins two Ounces white Saunders a Dram Liquorice two Drams let them boil in four Pounds of Fountain Water till a third part be consumed The Dose is six Drams after a solid Medicine To Rusticks and poor People lest after a Fever they fall into the Scurvy I use to prescribe That twice a day they take the following Draught viz. That they boil a handful and a half of the Roots and Leaves of Dandelion in a Pound and a half of Posset-Drink till a third part be consumed Strain it for two Doses Or take Roots of Dandelion half a handful Seeds of Citrons and of Carduus of each a Dram let them boil in Posset-drink made with Apples or a Pound and a half of Cyder till a third part be consum'd Infusions The Apozems even now prescrib'd will become more excellent against the Scurvy if being prepar'd without Licorice they are strain'd into a Flaggon into which are put Leaves of Brook-limes and of Water-cresses or Cuckow-flowers of each a handful then make a warm and close Infusion for six hours the Liquour being strain'd again let it be kept in stopt Vessels The Dose is six Ounces twice or thrice a day Also let Whey with the Roots of Dandelion and the Leaves of Fumitory boil'd in it be strain'd into a Vessel wherein are Leaves of Brook-limes and of small Celandine of each a handful make an Infusion c. Chalibeat Infusions are wont to be frequently in use viz. the Salt Magristery or Extract of Steel are infus'd in some Decoction or distil'd Water Moreover as natural Spaw-waters so also Artificial ones of our preparation of Steel dissolv'd in Fountain-water and impregnated with the Infusion of Antiscorbuticks are drank with great benefit Juices and Expressions TAke Leaves of Brook-limes and Water-cresses of each four handfuls of Wood-sorrel two handfuls being bruis'd let the Juice be prest forth being stopt in a Glass it will soon become clear by subsiding The Dose is from an Ounce and a half to two Ounces with a fit Vehicle Take Leaves of Brook-limes four handfuls stalks of English-rhubarb two handfuls being bruis'd let the Juice be prest forth Take Leaves of Brook-limes Garden-cress Cuckow-flower the lesser Celandine Wood-sorrel of each two handfuls being bruis'd let the Juice be prest forth add Juice of Oranges a fourth part let it be kept in a Glass Syrups AS often as a Syrup is requir'd to be added to any other Composition we use either Syrup of the Juice of Wood-sorrel or of Fumitory or of Coral compound Or also a Magistral Syrup may be prepar'd of the Juice of Brook-limes after the same manner as is prescrib'd above concerning the Juice of Scurvy-grass Distil'd Waters TEmperate Distil'd Waters are prepar'd by changing either the Ingredients or the Menstruum or both of them together As to the former we proceed after this mnner Take Leaves of Brook-limes Garden-cress Fumitory Harts-tongue Liver-wort Bawm tops of Tamarisk and of Cypress of each three handfuls all the Saunders bruis'd of each half an Ounce Roots of sharp pointed Dock of Polipody of the Oak of each two Ounces the outward Coats of four Oranges Snails cleans'd two Pounds being slic't and bruis'd pour to them Whey made with Cider six Pounds let them be distil'd in a common Still 2. When the Menstruum is weak let the Ingredients be moderately hot Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass Brook-limes Cuckow-flower Garden-cress of each three handfuls Rinds of four Oranges Snails a Pound being slic't small pour to them common Whey or fresh Milk six Pounds distill them after the vulgar manner 3. In a Scorbutick Atrophia and Consumptive Disposition where nothing hot that may stir the Blood and Humours and Spirits ought to be admitted let both the Ingredients and Menstruum be temperate and lenifiers of the Blood Take Leaves of Brook-limes Cuckow-flower Harts-tongue Maiden-hair Liver-wort Speedwel Agrimony of each two handfuls Snails cleans'd a Pound and a half or the Pulp of a Capon or of a sheeps-Sheeps-heart slic't all being half boil'd and slic't pour to them of fresh Milk or Water of Fumitory six Pounds let them be distil'd the common way physick-Physick-wines and Beers Though the use of Wines may not seem proper in a Scurvy rais'd by reason of a hot or Sulphureo-saline Dyscrasie of the Blood nevertheless if at any time the Stomach either being weak or a long accustomance require the drinking of Wine at leastwise being diluted with Water a Eiquour of that kind being both temperate and in some measure Physical may be prepar'd For especially small Wines diluted with Water and impregnated with the Infusion of Bawm Borrage or of Burnet or other things ought to be allow'd Moreover let Wines be prepar'd of the Juice of English Corinths Cherries and other horary Fruits which when they are brought to a ripeness by Fermentation are very grateful to the Stomach and purifie the Blood Again Cider the familiar and genuine Wine as it were of our Country so it be clean mellow and pleasant without any sharpness does very much good in the Scurvy Moreover in this Liquour drawn from the Lees and put in small Vessels Ingredients of various kinds may be infus'd Of which kind are tops of the Pine-tree or of Fir
sometimes they are troubled more than usually of their own accord for when by a long digestion the sulphureous part of the Wine is exalted too much it falls into an effervescence greater than it ought and unless it be presently appeas'd it perverts the crasis of the Liquour by its Turgescency the same thing altogether seems to be in the feverish Effervescence rais'd in the Blood which is wont to be introduc'd for those kinds of causes The third observation or comparison of the Blood with Wine is this Wines as many other Liquours have their times of Crudity Maturation and decay the same thing being to be observ'd in the Blood concerning which sec Dr. Willis as large So far of the comparison of the Blood with wine what follows its similitude with Milk consists in the diversity of its parts and their parting from each other which is chiefly seen in it when it is let out of the Veins and grows cold in a Vessel For when the heat and vital Spirit which preserve all in a mixture are fled away the remaining parts depart from each other and there is made a separation of the thin from the thick of the Serum from the fibrous Blood c. After having considered the Blood we may observe that the nutritive Juice supply'd from the Blood and sever'd from its mass for the nutrition of the solid parts sometimes by reason of its depravation and irregular motion causes many symptoms in Fevers This nutritive Juice which is supply'd from the mass of Blood by a certain circulation after it has past the nervous parts what remains of it being effaete and Poor as it were is sent again by the Lymphick Vessels to the Blood CHAP. II. Of the Motion and Effervescencies of the Blood WE must next enquire concerning the Bloods motion both natural viz. by the help of what ferments and by what fort of turgescency of the parts it is circulated in a continual motion through the Vessels and preternatural viz. for what causes and by the efforts of what parts sometimes it boyles above measure in its Vessels and falls into feverish Effervescencies Concerning the natural Motion of the Blood we do not here enquire concerning its circulation viz. by what knid of structure of the Heart and Vessels as it were in a Water Engine it is carried round in a constant course but concerning its Fermentation viz. by what kind of mixture of the Parts and their mutual Action on each other like Wine fermenting in a Vessel it continually boyles and this kind of motion depends both on the Heterogeneity of the parts of the Blood it self and on the various ferments which are inspir'd into the mass of Blood from the Viscera As to the first those things which have altogether the like Particles do not ferment wherefore neither distill'd Waters chymical Oyles Spirits of Wine or other simple Liquours are stir'd at all but the Blood consisting of various Elements of a contrary nature and working on each other continually ferments and his all its Particles in a perpetual Motion It is an Argument that Ferments are requir'd for Sanguification because when they fail by nature they are supply'd by Art with good success for fixt Salts Alchalies Extracts Digestives and especially Chalybeat Remedies give help only in this respect that they restore a new the ebullition of the Blood either weak or almost extinct As to what concerns natural Ferments certainly many may be form'd and stor'd up in divers Parts or Viscera for any Humour in which the Particles of Salt Sulphur or Spirit being very much exalted are contain'd indues the nature of a Ferment After that manner Yest and Leaven come to be such with which new Beer and a mass of Bread are excellently fermented In like manner an acetous Humour in the Stomack participating of an exalted Salt helps there Concoction and in the Spleen the Dreggs of the Blood by reason of the Salt and Earth exalted in them turn to a ferment How great a Vigour comes to the Blood from the Womb and genital Parts appears hence because from the Privation or Discrasie of these in Virgins a Green-sickness in Men a want of Beard a weak Voice and an amission of Virility follow but the cheif ferment which ferves for Sanguification is lodged in the Heart for here is the greatest scat of heat in which the more crude Particles of the Chyme are kindled as it were and acquire a volatility Therefore the Motion and heat in the Blood depend chiefly on two things viz. partly on its proper Crasis and Constitution whereby being plentifully compos'd of the active Principles of Spirit Salt and Sulphur it grows turgid of its own accord in its Vessels as Wine in a Hogs-head and partly on the ferment implanted in the Heart which very much rarifles the Liquour passing through its Sinus's and forces it to spring forth with a frothy Effervescency Let thus much suffize concerning the natural Motion Heat and Fermentation of the Blood in the even tenour of which the state of our Health consists to speak now of its preternatural or over great Effervescency on which the Types and Fits of Fevers depend I call an over-great or preternatural Fermentation when the Blood like a Pot boyling over the Fire boyles above measure and being rarified with a frothy Turgescency swells the Vessels raises a quick Pulse and like a sulphureous Liquour taking fire diffuses on all sides a burning heat This kind of Motion or Fermentation of the Blood is excellently illustrated by the example of fermenting Wines for Wines besides the gentle and even fermentation whereby they are first depurated at certain times boyl so mightily that they work over the Vessels and if they are close stopt they make them flye in pieces after this manner being put upon an effort as it were unless they are presently drawn off from the Tartar or their Lees into another vessel they cease not to boyl till the Spirit being very much spent and the Sulphur or Salt too much exalted they either become over-fretted or degenerate into Vinegar Such an Effervescency is wont to be raised chiefly for two Causes first when any thing extraneous and immiscible is put into the Vessel so some drops of Tallow or of Fat dropt into the vessel produce this Motion or secondly when Wines having too much Lees or Tartar by reason of the sulphureous parts exalted above measure fall into an Effervescence of their own accord and boyl vehemently for in whatsoever substance Sulphur abounds and its Particles being loosned from their mixture joyn with one another and are kept close together there such immoderate Effervescencies are procur'd After the like tho not wholly the same manner as Wines ferment the Ebullition of the Blood is caused viz. either some extraneous and heterogeneous thing is mixt with the Blood which in regard it is not assimilated is wont to cause a perturbation and Effervescence till the heterogeneous thing be either subdued or
Haemorrrhagy or only a small Pain happen in the beginning of the Disease if the Urine be thick and troubled the Pulse unequal and weak if a Convulsion or Frenzy présently follow if the Vomitings or Stools are livid black or very stinking if the Pushes at first red afterward turn black and blue if the Carbuncles are numerous if the Buboes first arising disappear if the Strength be cast down on a sudden if the Countenance looks dismal or turns black and blue if with a cold Stiffness of the extream Parts there be a burning of the Viscera especially if these or most of them happen in a Body very cacochymical or in an unwholsome Season On the contrary the be lighter and lefs dangerous if the Disease happens in a sound and robust Body with a Fortitude of Mind if Remedies are seasonably administred before the Disease has seised the whole Mass of the Blood also if the Course of the Disease goes on with a constancy of the Strength a Vigour and Evenness of the Pulse a Suppuration of Buboes and a large Discharge of Pus and with the absence of horrible Symptoms mean while tho we may hope here all good yet it is not free for us to be secure because sometimes with a laudable Appearance of Signs Ambushes are privily laid for Life and as srom a reconciled Enemy we suffer most severely when we seem'd to have escap'd his raging Threats In the Cures of most Diseases the chiefest Work is committed to Nature to whose Failure Physick gives a helping hand and the Office and Science of a Physician chiefly consists in this To wait fit Occasions of giving Aid to her when she is at a Fault But the Plague has this peculiar that the Cure of it is not to be left to Nature but we must fight against it always with Remedies taken from Art nor must we be here sollicitous of a more seasonable and as it were a milder Time but we must get Medicines assoon as may be and insist on them at all Hours and almost Minutes But because when a Plague reigns there is need of no less care for driving away the Contagion than that the Contagion receiv'd be cured therefore a Physician has a double Task to wit both that he take care for the Prevention of this Disease and for its Cure Prophylactick Cautions either regard the Publick and belong to the Magistrate or private Persons by which it is taught what must be done by each Man when a Plague is feared The publick care in a time of the Plague chiefly consists in these things That Divine Worship be duely observed that all Matters maintaining Putrefaction be taken away that Filth Dunghils and all stinking Things be removed from the Streets and every occasion of Contagion be most diligently avoided that Commerce with insected Places be forbidden and that a wholsome kind of Diet be constantly kept to by the Citizens let the Poor who have not a plenty or choice of Provisions be fed at publick Charges If the Plague be already grown rife let the venemous Force of the Air be corrected as much as may be which will excellently be purg'd by a frequent burning of sulphureous things let the insected be separated from such as are sound and let these keep from their Carkasses or Houshold-stuff Lastly let skilfull and meet Physicians and Attendants be gotten to supply the Wants both of those that are in Health and of the Diseased The Rule of a private Prophylaxis is wont to be concluded in these three things viz. Diet Pharmacy and Chirurgery The Deit regards the six non-natural things amongst which those of chiefest Note are the Air and the Passions of the Mind as to the rest the Precept of Hippicrates suffices viz. that Labour Meat Drink Sleep and Venus all keep a mean let the Pestilential Air either be avoided by removing into another place or let it be corrected by sulphureous things duely kindled or let it be refresh'd in breathing by Fumes and odoriferous things frequently help to the Nostrils As to the Passions of the Mind Fear and Sadness whilst a Pestilence reigns are as a second Plague for by these the seeds of the venemous Contagion which lye on the Superficies of the Body as it were in the outmost Margin of the Vortex are violently drawn inward and deliver'd to the Heart wherefore a cheerful and confident Mind is better than the most exquisite Antidote I have known many who were wont to say in the Words of Helmont That by fortifying the Archeus with Wine and Coufidence and using no other Alexipharmicks they past their Time among infected Persons without any injury by Contagion and those who liv'd otherwise imbib'd the Seeds of the Pestilence as tho deriv'd from the Stars Among Chirurgical Things to be used for Preservation Blooding Cauteries and Amulets are usually recommended where there is a Plethora with a great Turgescency of the Blood or when by a long Usance Persons have accustom'd themselves to be let Blood opening a Vein agrees with them for by how much the less the Blood boyls and is circulated in the Vessels without trouble by so much the slower is it infected with the venemous Contagion Issues made by Cauteries are so much approved of by the Suffrages almost of all Men for Preservation against the Plague that their use is Generally receiv'd among the Vulgar for these constantly drain the assiduous encrease of the excrementitious matter and if any Miasms of the Pestilence are inwardly admitted they cast them forth by their open passage Amulets hung about the Neck or worn about the Arm-Wrists are thought to have a wondersul Force against the Pestilence of these the most excellent are accounted by some which consist of Arsenick Quicksilver the Powder of Toads and other venemous Things that the same do good in some Cases besides the Observations of Physicians this Reason seems somewhat to convince the Effluvia or atomous Corpuscles which sometimes flowing from certain Bodies sometimes settling on others fly about the whole Region of the Air these being diversly figur'd some of them excellently close with others but if they jut against Corpuscles of another Form they enter a Conflict with them and subvert them hence the Particles of the pestilent Miasm which are contrary to our Spirits excellently agree with those Corpuscles of the Poyson coming to them and readily close with them wherefore Amulets made of Poyson do this to wit they gather into themselves the Seeds of the Pestilence coming against us by reason of a Simiiitude of Parts nay and by drawing the same from our Body to their Embraces they in some sort free the Infected from the Malignity The Pharmaceutick Prophylaxis has a double Scope first That the assiduous Increase of the excrementitious Matter or Humours be remov'd by a gentle Furge as often as there is need secondly That by Alexipharmicks daily taken the Spirits and our Bodies be fortified against the Incursion of the Venom by the
is either in fieri or in its disposition or in facto or in its habit both require a peculiar way of Cure Of the former there are two chief cases in both of which the Therapeutick method regarding only the Procatarctick causes is ordered after the like manner to wit whether any Person be in danger of being seiz'd with the Palsey or recovering from it be in hazard of a relapse we must insist in a manner on the same Medicines Therefore the Intentious of Curing must be first that the functions of Chylification and Sanguification being duly perform'd a laudable matter for the generation of Animal Spirits be sent to the Brain in a sufficient plenty and then secondly that the Brain being still firm and of a due conformation admits into it and duly exalts into Animal Spirits all apt particles excluding such as are heterogeneous for these ends we have thought good to propose the following method which ought to be varied according to the various constitutions of the Diseased Spring and Fall let solemn courses of Physick be entred upon nay and the whole year besides let some Remedies be constantly used Bleeding is not generally proper for all Persons and if we forbid this it is not for the same reason with the Ancients supposing the Palsey to be a cold Disease but because the Animal Spirits are both engendred from the Blood and become elastick within the moving Fibres by reason of a sanguineous combination therefore if the store of this be lessened too much they will fail and flag Which truly I have observed in many and that for the most part in the Arm from which the Blood was drawn languishings and tremblings have begun Nevertheless a spare and moderate Bleeding sometimes agrees with some that are endued with a Blood that is hot and sharp and apt to too great effervescencies tho they are disposed to the Palsey About the Equinoxes purging ought to be ordered and to be repeated by due Intervals three or four times but in the first place let a Vomit if nothing indicates the contrary be given of Salt of Vitriol Sulphur of Antimony or an Infusion of crocus metallorum or Mercurius vitae afterward let Pillulae de succino or Aloephanginae be taken by themselves or with Rosm of Jalap every seventh or eighth day At other times let Cephalick Remedies such as we have prescribed for the sleepy affects viz Electuaries Powders Spirits and volatile Salts Tinctures Elixirs with distill'd Waters or Apozemes viz. sometimes these sometimes those or others be frequently used Let Issues be burnt in the Arm or Leg nay in gross and cachectical Persons together in both or near the Shoulder-blades Let a Physick-drink of Sage Betony Stoechas the wood Sassafras Winters bark c. be drank the whole year Wine and Venus ought either to be forbidden or to be allowed only sparingly But if the Palsey after a previous disposition in the whole or in one side or in certain members throughly seises and notwithstanding the first encounter of Physick comes on again for its cure a long and complicated method which is alwayes requisite often times does not suffice for not only the Disease or its conjunct or procatarctick Cause severally but all together must be assaulted for which ends blooding for the most part being forbidden only a gentle purge and that but now and then is proper Again and indeed chiefly against the Procatarxis of the Disease Cephaliâ—â— and Antiscorbutick Medicines are wont to do good but not all of these kinds agree with all Persons but as we have observed in the Scurvey according to the various Constitutions of the Diseas'd the Remedies also must be of a differing kind and vertue for with bilous paralyticks in whose sharp and hot blood there is much Salt and Sulphur and very little Serum hot Medicines and such as are endowed with very active Particles do not agree nay often prove offensive to them which nevertheless prove greatly beneficial to phlegmatick persons whose blood is colder and contains a great deal of Serum and a few active Elements Wherefore according to this two-fold state of the Diseased it seems fit for us to propose here a double method of Cure and two Classes of Medicines whereof this will do well to be given to cold paralyticks and the other to such as are hot In the former case for the removal of the procatarctick Cause after a Vomit and a Purge duely ordered I advise to be prescribed according to the following forms Take Conserve of the leaves of Garden Scurvy-grass and of Rochet made with an equal part of Sugar of each three ounces Ginger condited in the Indies an ounce the yellow coats of Oranges and Limons preserv'd of each six drams powder of the Claws and Eyes of Crabs of each four Scruples species diambroe two drams winters-bark a dram and a half roots of Zedoary the lesser Galingal Cubebs the seeds of Garden-cresses rochet of each a dram Spirit of Scurvy-grass and of Lavender of each two drams Syrup of the conditure of Ginger what suffices make an Electuary Let the quantity of a Walnut be taken at eight a clock in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon drinking after it a pound of the following decoction or six ounces of the Tincture of Coffee with the Leaves of Sage boyled in it or three ounces of Viper-wine Take Raspings of Guaiacum six ounces Sarzaparilla Sassafras of each four ounces red and yellow Saunders shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each half an ounce infuse them according to art and boyle them in sixteen pounds of fountain-Water to a half adding Crude Antimony powdred and tyed in a Nodulus four ounces roots of Calamus Aromaticus the lesser Galingal of each half an ounce Florentine Orris an ounce Cardamum six drams Coriander seeds half an ounce six Dates make a Decoction and let it be used for ordinary drink Going to Bed and early in the Morning let a dose be taken either of the Spirit of Soot or of Harts-horn of Sal Armoniack succinated of Blood c. with three ounces of the following distilled Water Take of the Leaves or Roots of Aron a pound Leaves of Garden Scurvy-grass the greater Rochet Rosemary Sage Savory Time four handfuls Flowers of Lavender three handfuls the outward rinds of ten Oranges and six Limons Winters bark three Ounces Roots of the lesser Galingal Calamus Aromaticus Florentine Orris of each two ounces Cubebs Cloves Nutmegs of each an ounce all being slic'd and bridsed pour to them of White-wine and Brunswick Beer of each four pounds let them be distilled with common Organs and let the whole Liquour be mixt Sometimes instead of the Electuary for fifteen or twenty dayes let a dose of the Tincture of Sulphur terebinthinated or the Tincture of Antimony or of Amber sometimes also let the Elixir Proprietatis or of Peony be taken in a spoonful of the distilled Water drinking after it three ounces of the same Sometimes also let the