the Evacuation of the blood and the preparation and purgation of the vitious humors ought to be enjoyned according to the Nature of the peccant humors This in the general is to be pre-cautioned that regard be had unto the Heart that it be wel and safe guarded against al the malignant vapors that exhale from the putrifying part And therefore we must here administer for the comforting and strengthening of the Heart Medicaments of Borrage Bugloss Carduus Benedictus the smallest Sorrel Bole-armenick Terra sigillata Bezoar stone Citrons Treacle Mithridate Species of Diamargarit frigid Electuarium de Gemmis Confection of Hyacinth Alkermes and the like Or Take the Water of Scabious Sorrel Borrage Roses and Carduus Benedictus of eâ—â—h one ounce and half Syrup of Sorrel Citrons and Pomegranates of each one ounce the species of Diamargarit frigid Bole armenick and Terra sigillata of each one scruple Mingle them and make a Potion Or Take Conserve of Roses two ounces of Sorrel of Borrage and of Gilliflower of each one ounce Citron rind candied Rob de Ribes of each half an ounce prepared Margarites Bole-armenick Terra sigillata the temperate Cordial Species of each one scruple Syrup of Sorrel and of Citrons as much as wil suffice and mingle them Let the Heart be likewise guarded externally with Topicks As Take the Water of Roses two ounces of Borrage and Sorrel one ounce and half of Carduus Benedictus one ounce Vinegar of Water-Germander six drams Spirit of Roses one scruple Mace Lign-aloes Rinds of the Citron of each half a dram Saffron half a scruple Camphire six grains Mingle them and make an Epithem which must be applied unto the Region of the Heart for its defence and preservation In a Gangrene likewise for the most part the sound part ought to be fenced and guarded and we must be alwaies doing our endeavor that the said part receive none of the putridness And for this end the above mentioned Defensives of Bole-armenick and Terra sigillata must be administred unto which by reason of the malignity Water Germander may be added and mingled therewith As Take Bole-armenick one ounce Terra sigillata half an ounce Harts-horn burnt and prepared one dram Camphire half a dram Wax six drams Oyl of Roses four ounces Rose Vinegar one ounce the juyce of Water Germander half an ounce the white of one Egg mingle them and make an Vnguent As Take Bole-armenick and Terra sigillata or sealed Earth of Lemnos of each half an ounce Mingle them with Vinegar of Water Germander Gulielmus Fabricius frequently made use of this that followeth Take Barley meal four ounces Bolearmenick two drams Galls Cypress Nuts Pomegranate rinds of each one dram and half with a sufficient quantity of Oxymel simplex make a Cataplasm A Gangrene from overmuch cooling But now that we may come unto the more special Cure we will in the first place declare unto you in what manner the Gangrene that hath its originall from an overgreat cooling ought to he Cured But now that it may be wel known how and in what manner al those are to be dealt withal that have been over cooled whether it be so that the Gangrene be already present and in being or that it be only neer at hand we wil from the very begiâ—â—ing briefly pursue and declare the truth of the thing The Cure of such as are over-cooled If therefore there be any one over cooled yet notwithstanding that as yet there is no Gangrene present neither is the part as yet become wan pale and cold but that there is rather a redness in the part together with a vehement and burning pain then in this case the man is not instantly to be moved neer unto the Fire but he is rather to be placed somewhat more remote from it that so by degrees the heat may recover and recollect it self But if it be so that the part be not altogether stiff and stifled with cold so that there be no longer any blood left therein then it is forthwith to be welchafed and rubbed with Snow or the overcooled members are likewise to be throughly washed with cold water upon which they wil begin by little and little to wax warm and to recover their former heat Which the Inhabitants of the Northern Climates have much in use who are wont when any Travellers are overcold stiff and almost dead therewith first of all to plunge them deep into cold water and before ever they give them any entertainment to wash and rub their Hands Feet Noses and other Members with Snow And that from the inward parts the heat may the more strongly diffuse it self unto the external parts and that all the cold may be expelled it wil be requisite to administer suppings made of Wine and to drink Wine and Treacle mingled together The aforesaid People of the Seprentrional Regions use to give their Guests when they are almost dead with cold Hydromel with the Pouder of Cinamom Cloves and Ginger and the like Spices after which they put them to bed and cause them there to Sweat For which purpose there be some that outwardly apply likewise unto the body Flagons or Stone Pots ful of hot water Afterward when the pain and the coldness are something mitigated gentle rubbings with the hands anoynted with the Oyl of Camomile sweet Almonds and Dil are to be administred and the parts are to be fomented with sweet Milk in the which there may also be boyled the Leaves and Berries of the Lawrel Rosemary Camomile Sage Organy French Lavender and the like The Decoction of Rape roots is likewise singularly useful and commonly unto those members that are pained with overcoldness they use to apply the Decoction of Rape roots that have been first frozen with cold After this we must betake our selves unto those things that are hotter such as the Oyl of Lilies of Turpentine of Wax Nettle seed Cresses But if there be not only a fear of a Gangrene but that there also be one already present and that the Member already begin to die we must then use our utmost endeavor that the heat may be preserved in the part and that from other parts it may be again called back unto it and therefore here is little or no benefit to be expected from Defensives but Scarifications are rather to be administred and the parts to be fomented with those hot Medicaments that were but even now mentioned unto which we may add Scabious water Germander the Root of Asclepias or Swallow-wort and the like Unto the parts there may be administred Treacle Mithridate Trochisques of the Viper the Ley in which Water Germander hath been boyled and Treacle Waters Secondly A Gangrene from the afflux of Malignant humors If the Gangrene hath its original from the afflux of Malignant humors or a malignant quality then by appointing a Cooling and drying Diet and by administring of Meats sauced and seasoned with Citrons Lemmons and Pomegranates and
and depraved humor by Nature her self thrust unto some Member should be able suddenly to mortifie and deaden it Certain it is that a potential Cautery of Lye out of which Sope is made doth within the space of an hour or at the utmost in two hours time mortifie that part upon which it is imposed whenas notwithstanding it is made only out of the Salt of Woods and of unslaked Lime What wonder is it therefore that some humor of the same Nature salt sharp and malignant being now separated acting a part by it self from the rest by the which it was tempered and qualified as Hippocrates tels us in his Book of the Ancient Physick should effect somewhat like unto the former Of all those that have been affected with the Scorbutick Gangrene of whom I made mention before no one ever recovered besides that Citizen that was taken with a Gangrene in the little Finger of his left Hand he himself being as I saw good cause to judg of him a Scorbutick person Now the Medicaments by which he was cured are these that follow Take of the Apoplectick Water and the Spirit of Juniper berries of each two ounces the Spirit of Wormwood and of Cherries of each half an ounce Sage water and Lavender water of each one ounce Mingle them This Water was oftentimes prepared with the which the affected part was washed or else Linen Cloaths moistened therein were laid upon the part Take Conserve Cochlear two ounces and half of Betony and Sage of each one ounce and half of the temperate Cordial Species and pleres archont of each one scruple Rob. of Juniper two drams Syrup of Betony one ounce Make an Electuary Take Conser Cochlear three ounces of Sage two ounces Species Dyaxyloaloes one dram the Candid Rinds of Citron half an ounce Rob. Juniper two drams with the Syrup of Betony make an Electuary Take Oyl of Juniper berries one ounce Oyl of Earthworms two ounces Oyl of Flowerdeluce one ounce Mingle them Take the Essence of Carduus Benedictus and of Wormwood of each two drams Cochlear half an ounce the Elixir of propriety one dram the Spirit of Water Cresses one scruple mingle them Take of Fennel root and Asparagus root of each half an ounce Pimpernel two drams the Herb Harts Tongue one handful Germander and Groundpine or Herb Ivy and Dodder of each half a handful Anise and Fennel seeds of each two drams Juniper berries two drams and half the Flowers of Bugloss and Liverwort of each one pugil Raisins cut small one ounce boyl them in Spring Water unto seven or eight ounces unto the straining ad of Sugar two ounces and half And then again let it boyl once or twice unto the Consistence of a liquid Syrup and then add of Cinnamom water half an ounce and mingle them Take Asparagus Roots and Fennel Roots of each half an ounce Pimpernel and Succory of each two drams and half the Herb Maiden-hair Agrimony Harts Tongues Germander of each half a handful Anise seed Columbines of each two drams Borrage and Bugloss flowers of each half a pugil boyl them in a sufficient quantity of Water unto half a pint unto the straining add of the whitest Sugar two ounces and again let them boyl up once or twice and make hereof a liquid Syrup unto which ad of Cinamom water half an ounce and mingle them Take the Trochisques of Capars and of Rheubarb of each one scruple and half Extract of Womwood and Gentian of each one scruple Oyl of Cinnamom two dâ—ops make Pils Take Trochisques of Rheubarb Capars Lacca of each two scruples Extract of Wormwood and Gentian of each one scruple of Spleen-wort as much as wil suffice and make Pills hereof Take Pills of Tartar with Scammony and of Rheubarb of each one scruple Extract of the Pils Aggregative half a scruple Oyl of CloveS one drop with Betony water make Pils Take the Elixir of propriety with the Juyce one dram Essent Cochlear two drams of Germander Spleenwort and Wormwood of each one dram and mingle c. Take Lawrel leaves Betony Sage and Marjoram of each two handfuls to wash the Hand withall Take Trochisques of Rheubarb and Capars of each one scruple Extract of Succory half a dram Centaury the less and Carauus Benedictus of each half a scruple Make Pills forty five Take Leaves of Betony Bay leaves Marjoram Sage Rosemary of each two handfuls Flowers of Elder and Lavender of each one handful Staechados of Aâ—abiâ— half an ounce boyl them in Wine to foment the Hand therewith Take of the Nerve Emplaster three ounces destilled Oyl of Sage one scruple of Marjoram half a scruple Mingle them and make an Emplaster Take the Elixir of propriety two scruples Essent Cochlear and of Germander of each two drams of Elecampane and Lign Aloes of each half a scruple Mingle them c. Take the Leaves of Lawrel and Betony of each two handfuls Marjoram Sage Organy of each one handful Flowers of the Arabian Staechados half an ounce boyl them in Wine for a fomentation of the Hand Take the opening Roots half an ounce Agrimony half a handful Leaves of the choycest Sene one ounce Mechoacan half an ounce Ginger one dram and half boyl them in Spring water in four ounces of the straining dissolve half an ounce of Manna and then strain it again adding thereto one ounce of Sugar and make a Syrup This Cataplasm was likewise made use of Take Bean meal one ounce Pouder of Water-Germander Rue Sage Wormwood of each half an ounce and make a Cataplasm The little Finger with that next unto it the Ring-finger was oftentimes anoynted with the Oyl of Earthworms which is made by putting the said Earthworms washed into a Glass then enclosing the Glass in a Mass of Dough bake it in an Oven and the Liquor that cometh from these baked Worms gather it together and filtrate it But for the Curing of the Ulcer in the little Finger after the Gangrene we used this Unguent Take Oyl of Bays Honey Turpentine of each two drams May Butter Gum Elemi one dram Mingle c. Another Cure A certain Noble Person having had his Foot wrung with his shoe in that very place where the hurt had bin there arose a black Pustule in the sole of the right Foot Which he not much regarding there instantly followed a Gangrene which in that place seized upon the Flesh Which so soon as it was observed the affected flesh was presently scarified and the Pustule being cut with a pair of Cizers the Aegyptiack Unguent was imposed upon the part affected After this the Defensive of Vigo was applied unto the Foot which is in this manner prepared Take Oyl of Roses Omphacine and Myrtles of each three ounces the Juyce of Plantane and Nightshade of each two ounces boyl them to the Consumption of the Juyces and then strain them Add of white Wax one ounce and half Meal of Lentiles Bean meal and Barley meal of each half an ounce
else with a Swans bill or Storks bill or some other dilating instruments to the end that the weapon may be drawnforth the more easily But then the weapon is to be drawn forth either with the Hands if that may conveniently be done as when it standeth out and is fastned in the flesh alone or else with that instrument they cal Volsella when it sticketh deeper then that we may well lay Hands upon it or with those other instruments that the Greeks call Beloulca of which sort are the long Cisers that are ful of Teeth straight or a little Crooked broad in their extream part and likewise round unto which the Chirurgeons of latter times have given divers names from their several Figures and they call them Crows Bills Storks Bills Ducks Bills and Goose Bills several Figures whereof we find extant in Ambrose Parry his tenth B. and 18. Chap. and likewise in Johan-Andreas a Cruce But if the weapons point hath penetrated further then unto the middle part of the Member and that the space and distance by which the weapon is to be drawn back be greater then that which yet remaineth to be passed through and that neither Bone nor Nerve nor Vein nor Artery any way hinder it it will then be more commodious a Section being made to drive the weapon forward by that part toward which it tendeth and so to draw it forth by a wound new made For in this manner it will be drawn out more easily and the wound will the sooner be cured in regard that now the Medicaments may on both sides be applied But yet nevertheless if the Weapon be too broad it will not then be expedient to drawn it forth through the other part lest that we add unto the great Wound it self another likewise as great And if also the Weapon be thrust in between two bones the Members lying next unto them are to be widened according to the usual manner and drawn several waies that so the space betwixt the bones may be the looser and wider for the pulling forth of the Weapon thrust in between them But if some smal piece of a Bone or a Thorn or Splinter or any such like stick in the Wound that can neither be drawn forth with the hands nor any instrument it is then to be extracted by those Medicaments that have in them a power and virture to draw forth And for this purpose there are commended by Dioscorides What Medicaments they are that draw forth those things that stick in a Wound in his 2 B. and 58. Chap. those things that follow to wit the Heads of Lizards bruised smal and imposed thereon Water Pimpernel or Brook-Lime Dittany of Crete the Roots of round Aristolochy or Birth-wort Anemony or Wind-flower the Root of Narcissus of Gladiol or Cornflagge and of the Reed Sagapenum Galbanum Ammoniacum Pitch Pine-rosin and the like administred in the form of an Emplaster There is also commended the Emplaster of Avicen that is Compounded of Leaven Honey or the Propolis as they cal it of Bee-hives of each half a pound Bird-Lime three ounces Ammoniacum two ounces the oldest Oyl three ounces And so is likewise the Unguent of Betony and the fat of an Hare Or Take New Wax one pound Colophony and yellow Rosin of each four ounces Ammoniacum two ounces Bdellium one ounce the Juyce of Citrons three ounces the Oyl of Yelks of Eggs four ounces of the Load-stone five ounces And make an Emplaster according to Art Or Take Virgins Wax four ounces Turpentine two ounces the Loud-stone one ounce and half Hulled Beans one ounce Harts Fat half an ounce And make an Emplaster according to Art Or Take Rosin of the Pine-Tree two ounces dry Pitch one ounce Ammoniacum Sagapenum Gum Elemi of each half an ounce Râ—ot of round Aristolochy and of white Dittany of each one dram and half Cretan Dittany three drams old Oyl or the Feces of the Oyl of white Lillies as much as will suffice And make a Cerot Or Take Oyl of Olives one pound and half new Wax one pound let them melt together and then add Litharge of Gold one pound and half then boyl them after this adding and mingling therewith of Galbanum and Opopanax of each one ounce Ammoniacum and Bdellium of each two ounces Let these Gums be dissolved in Vinegar and then add of the Root of round Aristolochy Mastick Mirrh Frankincense and Lapis Calaminaris of each two ounces and in the Conclusion boyl them all together with a soft and gentle fire adding thereunto in the latter end of the boyling Oyl of Baies and Oyl of Turpentine of each four ounces and stir them wel together during the boyling then pass them through a Linen Cloath into cold water and then softening all with the Oyl of Camomile or Turpentine Make an Emplaster Or Take Narcissus Onyons two of them Reed Root one ounce Gladiol Root half an ounce Mullein leaves one handful rotten Doves dung one ounce wild Cucumber Root and the Root of Round Aristolochy and of white Dittany Root of each three drams Cretan Dittany half an ounce the meal of the bitter vetch Orobus a little quantity thereof Honey as much as will serve the turn And make an Emplaster Or Take Wax and Turpentine of each six ounces Colophony Ship-Pitch of each one ounce Ceruss Roman vitriol of each four ounces Lap. Haematites or the Blood-stone and the Load-stone of each two drams Mastick half an ounce Frankincense Camphire Mummy Dragons Blood of each one ounce Oyl of Juniper one ounce and half Oyl of Eggs six drams Oyl of Cloves two drams of Saint Johns-wort half an ounce of Earth-worms an ounce And make an Emplaster Touching the drawing forth of the Weapons out of Wounds you may see more in Cels his 7. B. Ch. 5. and in Paulus Aegineta his 6. B. and 38. Chap. But if by no artificial means the Weapon or whatsoever else it be of any thing Extraneous cannot be drawn forth of the Wound the whole business is then to be committed unto Nature which oftentimes in this kind worketh wonders as it were and expelleth those preternatural things that are thrust into the Body by any waies whatsoever where there is any possibility of the truth whereof we every where meet with Histories to confirm it Hippocrates as he tels us 5. Epidem in one that had an arrow shot within his Groins took forth the Head thereof six yeers after And Guilhelm Fabricius for one that had a knife run into the Spina Dorsi or Back-bone drew it forth two years after as he telleth us in his first Cent. Observat 62. The like whereunto and a thing very Memorable happened here at Witteberg For a certain Student being wounded with a knife even to the Root of his Nose and the internal Angle of his right Eye half of the knife being by violence broken almost as long as ones Finger stuck there firmly fixed in the bone which when neither the Physitian nor Chirurgeon took
not to wake use of Medicaments that are over sharp lest so while we seek to avoid one danger we fall into another as great in exciting both a pain and a Convulsion And therefore in such parts the safest way wil be to apply those Medicaments only that draw forth the poyson by the property of their substance Neither likewise ought the use of sharp Medicaments alone to be long continued but after they have been continued for a day or two then after others more mild are to be imposed The Compositions are very many and various Treacle is of singular life if mingled with other Medicaments which that some should therefore have in suspition in regard that by reason of the coldness of the Opium it may possibly drive the poyson inwardly this is indeed a most ridiculous conceit in a time of so much light from the truth Or else drop in Matthiolus his oyl which he describeth in his Comment upon the preface of the sixth Book of Dioscorides or that of the great Duke of Hetruria or the Juice of Vipers Grass Guido in poysoned Wounds commendeth this Emplaster Take Galbanum Sagapenum Opopanax Asafaetida Myrrh Pepper Sulphur of each one ounce and half Doves dung and Ducks dung of each two ounces Calamint and wild Mint of each one ounce Let the Gums be dissolved in Wine and mingling them all with honey and old oyl make an Emplaster or Take Turpentine the Water or Juice of Swallow-wort washed two ounces the propolis of Beehives two ounces Matthiolus his Oyl half an ounce Oyl of Turpentine two drams Precipitate a dram and half Water Germander and the Root of Vipers grass of each four scruples mingle them and make an unguent or Take Ammoniacum Galbamâ—m Bdellium of each half an ounce Styrax Liquid three drams Myrrh and Sulphur that hath not felt the fire of each two drams Euphorbium and Precipitate of each one ounce Matthiolus his oyl and oyl of Turpentine of each two drams let the Gums be dissolved in scillitick vinegar and then mingled with the rest and then with as much Propolis and Ship pitch as will suffice make a Cerote or Take Root of Dragon wort and Round Aristolochy of each one ounce Tabaco and Water Germander of each one handful Frankincense Myrrh Brimstone that hath not been neer the fire of each half an ounce Dittany of Crete Angelica Root and white Dittany of each three ounces Oyl of Turpentine two ounces Wax and Ship pitch of each as much as will serve the turn Mingle them and make an Emplaster or Take Tops of St. Johns wort two handfuls Carduus Benedictus Water Germander Tobaco Swallow wort of each one handful Rue one pugil Root of Dragon wort two ounces Sour or Sharp dock an ounce and half let them be well bruised together and then applyed in the form of an Emplaster or Take Oyl of Olives and Honey of each two ounces Quick lime two drams Roots of round Aristolochy one dram make a Cataplasm or Take Onyons Garlick Leeks of each three ounces boyl and bruise them and then add the root of Dragon wort and Asphodill of each two drams Treacle half an ounce Oyl of Scorpions one ounce and mingle them Or Take Ashes of the herb Trinity or Hearts ease and Quick lime of each two ounces Wormwood Round Aristolochy Rue Garlick and Oynons of each one ounce Figgs twenty Number Goats dung Oyl of Euphorbium and Oyl of Scorpions of each three ounces Honey one pound and half Wine Vinegar one pint Mingle them and make an Eplaster More of these you shal have in the following sixth Book touching the bitings of venemous Creatures And withall even instantly upon the receiving of the wound there ought to be administred Alexipharmaca or counterpoysons as we properly call them that may Guard and fortify the heart from the poyson and may expel it unto the outward parts And indeed if the kind of poyson be known we are then to opposse and counter work it by its own proper and peculiar Alexipharmaea touching which more in the following Book But if the species or kind of the poyson be hid and unknown to us then these universal or general Alexipharmaca to wit the Bezodi stone Treacle Mithridate Treacle Waters and others of this kind every where commonly known are to be administred And with the very same the Heart is likewise outwardly to be fenced and guarded and therefore not Treacle and Mithridate alone but chiefly the Oyl of Matthiolus is to be anoynted upon the Region of the Heart and the Arteries as also the Oyl of the Great Duke of Hetruria The poyson being drawn forth we are then to hasten unto the Curing of the wound for which purpose this Unguent is very usefull Take Wax black pitch Rosin the soft fat of a Ram and old oyl of each three ounces Galbanum six ounces Make an Vnguent And afterwards the Cure is to be performed as in all other Wounds But if we come to understand from the dangerous symptoms as cold sweats faintings swoundings and the Syncope that the poyson hath now already penetrated unto the more inward parts of the body and especially the Heart then the wounded part is not much to be troubled and tampered withall but in this case we ought rather to take care for the preservation of the whole body but more especially the Heart Chap. 22. Of Particular Wounds ANd hitherto we have been treating touching Wounds in General as also touching the general Cure of them But now in regard that the Cure of wounds is very different and various according to the variety of the parts that are wounded we should now therefore come to speak of them more particularly and in speciall to wit of the wounds of each single part But since that we have already handled them in our former Books therefore here again to treat of them wil be a thing altogether needless and superfluous For in Book 1. Part. 1. Chapt. 21. 22. 23. 24. and 25. We treated of the Wounds of the Head and Brain Ibid. P. 3. Sect. 2. Chapt. 9. Of the Wounds of the Eyelids Chap. 10. Of the Wounds of the Eyes Ibid. Sect. 3. Chapt. 5. Of the Wounds of the Nosethrills Ibid. Sect. 5. Chapt. 3. Of the Wounds of the Tongue Lib. 2. Part. 1. Chapt. 4. Of the Wounds of the Lipps Ibid. Part. 2. Chap. 4. Of the opening of the vessels of the Lungs Ibid. Chap. 11. Of the Wounds of the Lungs Ibid Chap. 15. Of the Wounds of the Diaphragm Ibid. Chapt. 17. Of the Wounds of the Chest Ibid. Chap. 22. Of the Wounds of the spinal Marrow Ibid. P. 4. Chap. 3. Of the Wounds of the Heart Book 3. P. 1. Sect. 1. Of the Wounds of the Oesophagus Ibid. Chapt. 16. Of the wounds of the Stomack Ibid P. 2. Sect. 1. Chapt. 8. Of the Wounds of the Intestines Ibid. P. 4. Chapt. 7. Of the Wounds of the Spleen Ibid. P. 6. Sect. 1. Chapt. 7. Of the Wounds of
there is not somthing of malignity and therefore the malignant matter is with more safety thrust forth unto the superficies of the body by those Medicaments we term Alexipharmaca then drawn to the more inward parts by Medicaments that purge That fervent heat also of the adust blood is to be altered and the malignity to be opposed by convenient Medicaments as the juyce of Citron of Pomegranates Sorrel Borrage Bugloss Water Germander Succory and the like with which in a pestilent Carbuncle other Alexipharmaca may also be firly mingled As Take Conserve of Sorrel Borrage Bugloss of each one ounce and half the species of Diamargarit frigid Confection of Hyacynth Elect. de Gem. of each half a dram of candied Citron rind six drams the candied roots of Scorzonera or Vipers Grass half an ounce with the juyce of Citron make an Electuary Unto which in a Pestilent Carbuncle we may add Bole-armenick Terra Sigillata or sealed Earth Harts horn Bezoar stone and the like Very many there be that in a Carbuncle do much commend Scabious and they conceive that it never ought to be passed by and they write that either the Juyce or the Water or the Decoction thereof is of singular use and benefit in a Carbuncle It wil not likewise be amiss to fence and guard the Heart with Topicks by Epithems that are otherwise known applied to the Region of the Heart and the Pulses that so by all manner of means the Heart may be preserved safe and sound from all the malignity Afterward as for what concerns the conjunct cause or the Tumor it self the way and means of curing a Carbuncle is not altogether the same as in other Inflammations unless haply there appear to be in it very little of an offensive quality Neither must we make use of Repellers but the malignant and poysonous matter is rather to be attracted from the more inward unto the external parts unless perhaps they may be administred for the mitigating of the vehemency of the pain touching which more hereafter And therefore so soon as Venesection hath been administred the part affected is forthwith to be scarified and that likewise with lancings that go deep enough that so the corrupt malignant and poysonous blood which unless it be instantly emptied forth of the part affected corrupteth the parts neer adjoyning may be quite drawn forth Immediately upon this the part affected is to be cleansed and throughly washed with warm salt water or with some other convenient liquor lest that the blood should clod and so grow together in the part Now if the corrupt blood seem not as yet to be sufficiently evacuated the scarifications ought then to be repeated We are likewse allowed when the place is scarified to apply thereto Cupping-glasses or Leeches Yet notwithstanding iâ— with great violence the humor flow unto the part then Atrractives may not safely enough be administred since there is cause to fear lest that the matter flowing thereto in great abundance the pain should be made the more vehement which may possibly excite and cause watchings augment the Feaver and deject the Natural vigor but rather if the matter flow thereunto over hastily and with too great force we are then to make use of those Medicaments which by moderate repressing and driving back may likewise digest And such is the following Cataplasm Take Arnogloss we commonly term it Lambs-tongue or Way-bread Lentiles Bread that is neither wholly purged from its bran neither yet such as is altogether branny of all these a like proportion let them boyl in Water or Wine and so make a Cataplasm which is to be applied twice or thrice every day But now this said Medicament that we have mentioned or such like is not to be imposed and laid upon the very Carbuncle it self but only neer about it some three fingers distance from it For by this means the malignant matter it self is not driven back but only the extream heat and pain is mitigated the flux of matter is somwhat retarded and hereby is prevented the retreating back again of the matter unto the more inward parts But yet neither must this be passed over in silence that it is not evermore requisite to fence the Carbuncle with such a guard but notwithstanding this for the most part iâ— necessary to wit That that part which hath a neer relation with a noble Member should be wel guarded forasmuch as it is no way hurtful but indeed profitable that some of the matter should be derived and evaporated unto the other ignoble parts Moreover the place being scarified there are not to be applied those Medicaments that otherwise are wont to be laid on in regard that they promote and further the Pus or purtilent matter and by this means may encrease the putrefaction and rottenness since that a Carbuncle in putrefying evermore creepeth and spreadeth so that very often a Mortification chanceth unto such parts but rather those Medicaments that are drying and such as resist putrefaction For which end and purpose we may administer the Pastils or Pomanders of Andro Musa Polyidas and Pasio which are to be dissolved first of al in Wine and then also afterward in Vinegar touching which see Galen in his Composition of Medicaments in general the fifth Book Chap. 11 and 12. They commonly likewise make use of the Aegyptiack Unguent There may also be made a Cataplasm of the Meal of the Pulse Orobus with Oxymel Morsus Diaboli or Devils-bit is likewise very much commended if while it is yet green and wel bruised it be laid on or else boyled in Wine and drunk There be many likewise that here make use of those things that are experimentally found to be helpful by the propriety of their substance among which Scabious is especially commended as also Morsus Diaboli or Devils-bit they take to wit the Scabious whilest it is green and bruise it wel and then they add thereto the Yelk of an Egg Hogs grease that is old and a little Salt and herewith they make a Cataplasm which is often to be renewed Some likewise take the Herb Comfry for the same use and with it they prepare and make such a Medicament as this that followeth Take of the Juyce of the greater Symphytum or great Comfrey Scabious Cranes-bill or Doves-foot of each one ounce of Barley Meal two ounces and an half and mingle them for a Cataplasm Others there are who if there be present an extream heat and pain commend this Viz. Take Plantane Leaves and Sorrel Leaves of each two handfuls boyl them to a softness then let them be bruised when they are throughly bruised add to them the Yelks of four Eggs Treacle two drams Barley meal a sufficient proportion and so make a Cataplasm Many likewise there are that commend those Wallnuts that are old and Oyly being bruised of the which some make such a Cataplasm as this that followeth Take the Kernels of Walnuts such as are old and rancid or mouldy in
this Take of this Water two parts and of the former Vinegar one part and mingle them Or Take the Citron Vnguent new made three ounces of sweet Almonds throughly bruised and Bean meal of each one dram the bone of the Sepia fish Harts horn and Barley meal of each two drams let them be incorporated with Honey and then wel mingled together Or Take the fresh flowers of Beans as many as you think fit pour unto them a sufficient quantity of Goats Milk let them stand infusing a day and a night Afterwards let them be strained and squeezed hard and into the straining let new flowers be thrown in and so let them stand infusing again for the space of a day and a night and then let them be strained this must be five times repeated And then add of the soft pith of new Bread as much as wil suffice that it may be made like unto a Pultise and then adding thereto a little Goats Milk destil them With this Water let the Face be washed in the morning and evening There are certain things likewise very usefull that shall be propounded in the following Chapter Chap. 4. Of Cosmetical or Beautifying Medicaments BUt yet although we have hitherto in the precedent Chapters spoken touching the taking away of divers of these Skin-spots Women notwithstanding that study little else but their beauty are not herewith contented but they restlessly pursue after those things that procure unto their Faces a lustre and amiableness For their sakes therefore we wil add somthing also even of these Cosmetick or beautifying Medicaments Now these Medicaments are of two sorts some of them do only mend the obsolete dark and blackish colour of the Face and render the Skin somewhat more bright and cleer and these are by no means to be disallowed of since that they only restore unto Man or Woman that beauty which either by the injury of the Air or by any other Cause they have lost and been deprived of and withall do truly and really produce a fair and stable colour and these are called Cosmetick or be beautifying Medicaments but others there are that are only Palliative and these we call Face-sucusses because that unto the Natural colour there is likewise added an adventitious and acquired white or red colour and this is so painted on that continueth if for a while and but for a while only and deceiveth the Eyes of the Beholders We shal speak of the former sort of Medicaments alone But as for the latter sort of these Medicaments in regard that we judge it neither honest nor pious to make use of them we wil therefore say nothing at all of them but pass them over in silence But now as for what concerneth the former of these Medicaments it seemeth altogether a thing unreasonable to reject them in regard that they bring over the Face no Fucus or counterfeit painted beauty but they only restore the Natural whiteness of the body lost upon any Cause whatsoever And this is more especially allowed unto Women who because that they are in Wisdom strength of Body Fortitude and in some certain other things much inferior unto Men therefore in stead of these as the Poet Anacreon tels us Nature on Women doth bestow A Comely form and Beauteous hiew Instead of Lances Targets Shields Their Face a fair bright lustre yields Which puts on Women such a Grace That Fire and Sword to them give place And Plato in his Phaedrus saith That of all things whatsoever Beauty is the most excellent and Amiable and there he calleth a Beautifull Face a Divine Face that is to say a Face shining forth by reason of a kind form that is put upon it But the other is altogether to be rejected by Women and Sr. Cyprian writeth very truly in these words of his in his second Tract of the Habit of Virgins We ought not only saith he to admonish Virgins or Widows but I conceive that even Married Women and all others whatsoever in general are to be admonished that the Handiwork and Image of God ought by no means to be adulterated by adding thereto any yellow color or any black Powder or any kind of redness or in a word any other Medicine that corrupteth the Native Lineaments And a little after They lay wicked hands saith he upon the Work of God when as they go about to transfigure and reform that which he himself hath formed as not knowing that all whatsoever is made and wrought is the work of God but whatsoever is Changed is the work of the Devil Now the Medicaments of the former sort are such as almost all of them do very much scout and cleanse by separating from the Skin that Juyce that deformeth the same with this brown and duskish color and by alluring thereto a new Juyce that may procure unto it a bright and beautiful color Unto which there are somtimes added likewise certain Emollients which have in them a power to soften the Skin when it is hard thick and rough they also make it smoother and more especially they cause an extraordinary softness in the Hands Milk wil satisfie both these scopes and especially Asses Milk and Goats Milk Which Poppaea the Wife of the Emperor Nero being not ignorant of a Woman extreamly proud and luxurious she cause a five hundred Milch Asses alwaies to attend her whithersoever she went and in a great Tub made purposely for her to bathe in she washed her whole body in the said Milk that so it might be all over freed from wrinkles made tender and delicate and preserved white as Pliny relateth the story in his eleventh Book Chap. 41. and Book 28. Chap. 12. Cleansers are these the Roots of the greater Dragon-wort Solomons Seal great Figwort wild Cucumber white Lilies the Elder bitter Almonds Pines the four greater cold Seeds French or Kidney Beans Rice Bean meal the Meal of Cicers of Lupines Starch the White of an Egg Milk Camphyre Salt Oyl of Tartar Frankincense Myrrh the Crumbs of white Bread the Oyly Nut Ben. Of the Roots of Dragon-wort there is a certain Gersa made which is nothing else but the Dregs or Lees thereof as they commonly cal them And so also there may in the like manner be prepared such a like Faecula or Gersa out of the Roots of Solomons Seal and great Figwort And out of the Oyly Nut Ben commonly called Balanus Myrepsica there is an Oyl pressed forth that is called the Oyl of Been And likewise out of divers of these simples together that erewhile we mentioned there are made many destilled Waters and divers Compositions As Take Root of Solomons Seal Dragon-wort great Figwort of each one ounce and half of the Flowerdeluce one ounce of Bean flower two ounces Mastick one ounce Borax two drams let them be destilled Take the soft Crumb of White Bread three pound thereof the Whites of Eggs wel shaken together twelve in number Goats Milk two quarts let them be destilled Or Take
communicated unto the spittle and by it may as easily be imparted unto the Wound and this happeneth much the rather if so be the Man be Frantick And if there were altogether nothing of virulency in the Wound that is inflicted by the biting of one of these living creatures yet notwithstanding the very contusion it self which rendereth all wounds whatsoever the more dangerous and the more difficult to be cured maketh those wounds the more grievous For since that the teeth of the said Animals are not so sharp as a sword or some other kind of Weapon while they wound they do withal likewise bruise and cause a Confusion in the part they fasten upon Prognosticks But now how dangerous these wounds also may be that are caused by one mans biting of another Guihelm Fabricius teacheth us by three Examples and instances that he giveth thus in his 2 Century Observat 84. and 85. The first whereof is of a certain Merchant who a midst his Cups by anothers biting was wounded in the very tip of the right forefinger whose whole right hand upon the same biting became inflamed and a Gangrene soon after began to follow with Convulsions an extreme burning feaver a Syncope and continual restlesness The second instance is of a Physitian who rashly and inconsideratly putting his finger into the mouth of a Phrantick woman to the end he might feel her tongue had it bitten by this mad woman and upon this biting he became extremly afflicted with a vehement pain not only in the said finger but in the whol Arm also The last example is of a man that being by another furious and enraged person sorely bitten even unto the first Articulation of his Thumb he likewise was in stantly taken with a vehement pain al that Arm throughout and soon after there followed a feaver and a Syncope Matthias Glandorpius in Specul Observat Chirurgic Observ 49. relateth the like History of a certain person who by another mans teeth the man being much enraged was wounded in his thumb about the first Joynt from whence there arose a most extreme pain an Inflammation of the whol hand a Continual fever a restlesness of the body frequent faintings and swoundings and a very intense pain of the head And evermore the wounds are dangerous both in themselves by reason of the contusion as also because that the spittle of the furious and enraged Animals hath somwhat of malignity Joyned with it and they are so much the more dangerous if any of the Nervous parts such as are the fingers shal chance to be bitten The Cure In regard that as we have said in every wound that is inflicted by the biting of any living Creature there is present a Contusion and this somtimes greater and somtimes less according as the teeth of those Creatures are more sharp such as are the teeth of a Dog Ape and Squirrel or else less sharp as those of a Man Horse Ass c. and that from this Contusion the pain is caused therefore there ought a regard to be had both unto the Contusion and the pain And therefore in the first place the blood is carefully to be pressed and squeezed forth of the wound and opening of a vein or purgation according as need shal require is to be instituted and to prevent the greater afflux of the humors and the Malady from being communicated unto the superiour parts some Defensive of Oxycrate or some oâ— her the like is to be imposed upon the superior part but unto the Wound it self for the asswaging of its pain the promoting of the suppuration and the keeping of the Wound open such a like Medicament as this that followeth is to be applyed Take One Egge butter half an ounce Saffron one scruple Oyl of Violets and Roses of each two drams and mingle them or Take Marshmallow Roots one ounce and half the leaves of Mallows flowers of Camomile and Melilote of each half a handful Wormwood two pugils boyl them to a softness and let them be wel bruised and mashed together when they are wel bruised add unto them the yelk of one Egge oyl of Roses and Camomil of each as much wil suffice and make a Cataplasm If there be any fear that there is some kind of virulency in the Wound then we may ad Scordium as also Treacle and therefore such an unguent is to be provided Take The Basilick Vnguent and fresh butter of each half an ounce Treacle one dram oyl of Roses one ounce the yelk of one Egg and mingle them And moreover that what is bruised may be wholly converted into Pus we are to use Honey of Roses Rosin Turpentine with the yelk of an Egge or the Basilik Vnguent or if any Malignity be feared this that followeth Take Pounder of Myrrh Root of Round Aristolochy Orrace of Florence and Aloes of each one dram Angelica half a dram Treacle dissolved in the spirit of Wine two drams with hony of Roses make a Liniment And at length the Wound being wel wiped and cleansed it is to be filled up with flesh and so shut up with a cicatrice as in other cases is wont to be done If a Gangrene be feared as nigh at hand then the Cure is so to be ordered as we sayd before touching the Gangrene Glandorpius his father in the case before alleadged besides general and internal remedies was wont to administer these Topicks First of all with this Unguent he anoynted the filaments and then he imposed them hot upon the Wound with the Citrine Emplaster As Take Venice Tuâ—pentine often washed one ounce the powder of Earthworms two scruples Frankincense half a dram the yelk of one Egge and mingle them The hand even unto the wrist was anoynted with the Oyl of Roses The pain increasing he applyed warm this following Cataplasm Take Scordium or Water Germander the herb Sauce alone or Jack by the hedg of each four pugills or smal handfuls Wormwood the tops of St. Johns wort Sage Marjoram of each two pugills Red Roses three pugils flowers of Camomil and Melilote of each one pugil the pith of Rie bread three ounces bran one ounce the meal of Lupines one ounce and half with a sufficient quantity of Wine make a Cataplasm adding in the conclusion oyl of Rue six drams oyl of Roses with Earthworms an ounce and half the yelk of one Egge Saffron one scruple and mingle them The pain yet for all this little or nothing remitting about the hand wrist and the Elbow he applyed this Defensive Take The Vnguent of Roses Champhorated or with Camphyre and the Santaline Oyl or the oyl of Saunders of each half an ounce oyl of Roses with the Juice of Night-shade three drams Bole Armenick two drams powder of red Roses one dram Rose vinegar as much as wil suffice and mingle them The pain somwhat abating there was then discovered a Nerve or rather a black Tendon and upon this he strewed the following powder Take Roots of round Aristolochy
Sow fennel Orrace of each one scruple Harts horn burnt prepared powder of Earth worms and Frankincense of each half a scruple mingle them and make a very fine powder Upon which he laid on the filaments after he had dipt them in the Diapompholyx Emplaster and covered them with the Emplasher Diapalmâ—â— so the fear that was conceived of the necessity of the cutting off of the Thumb was taken away and a great part of the Tendon cut forth and the first little bone being become altogether rotten was drawn forth with the Nayl But because that the fingers by reason of their being continually bound up as also the thumb were benummed and wanted their motion by fomentations Bathes and Liniments the fingers recovered their motion again and the thumb albeit that it remayned immoveable yet nevertheless it had a new Nayl instead of the former Chap. 20. Of the Wounds by Gun-shot UNto Wounds with contusions we may likewise add those that are inflicted by Gunshot Where at the very first and before we proceed any further this question cometh to be discussed to wit Whether wounds that are inflicted by Gunshot have any Malignity in them and whether they receive any burning heat causing an Inflammation and putrefaction of the humors from the powder or the Bullet Three opinions touching wounds by Gun-shot And here in this Controversy we find that Authors are altogether divided into three Ranks and opinions The first determine that the Wounds inflicted by bullets from Guns are poysonous Others deny indeed that they have any thing of poyson in them yet they have nevertheless as they say an Empyreuma and burning But thirdly and lastly others there are that wil not admit of either of these but they assert that al that wherein these Wounds differ from those that are inflicted by a sharp weapon is from the contusion and tearing of those parts the bullet passeth thorow All which opinions we wil now examine in order The first opinion And first of al the opinion of them that assert these wounds to be poysonous is indeed very Ancient and therefore soon after the invention of Guns according to this opinion there was likewise a Method propounded and practised for the curing of Wounds inflicted by Gunshot For John de vigo in the second part of his Pract. Chirurg Book 1. and the Chapter of a poysonous wound writeth in this manner If the Wound shal be caused by the Instrument how much used and called la Bombarda or as we term it the Gun then there ought to be made a cauterization with the oyl of Elder or the oyl of Linseed only And Paraeus writeth in his tenth Book of Chirurgery Apologism 1. that it was a thing much in use even in his time to burn into such wounds with the oyl of Elder applyed very hot and that had mingled with it a little Treacle and that he himself also at the first followed this way and method of curing until accidentally by a certain chance there was another way taught touching which see the place alleadged But those that follow this opinion prove this poysonousness in the general from the diseases and symptoms that usually happen there upon The reasons by which the first opinion is proved such as are the corruption of the parts and the Gangrene those ulcers resembling the Nature of the Tumor Herpes the trembling of the Heart Malignant fevers the lips of the Wound leaden coloured or black and then next of al they prove it from the course that is taken in the Cure because that it is found by experience that Alexipharmaca or Counter poysons have brought much benefit and help unto the Patient and because that these Wounds are to be kept open a long time after the manner of other poysoned Wounds And lastly some there are that pretend this likewise that it hath been found that all those have perished that in some certain battles have been wounded by such bullets or if any have escaped that it was very hardly and that they were preserved by some extraordinary pains and labour although that the Wounds did not seem so great and dangerous whatever were the diligence and care of the Chirurgeons and though it were never so little But others of this opinion wil have this poysonousness to proceed from the Gunpouder by the force and violence whereof the bullets are driven forth others from the matter and metal of which the bullets are made others from the poyson wherewith these bullets are poysoned For this powder consisteth of Brimstone Nitre and Coals of which they say the two former are hot in themselves and when they are fired they then become extremely hot and if they take flame then do they at length acquire a poysonous quality as these would perswade us And this they think to be sufficiently manifest even by this also because that those who make this powder shut both their mouth and their Nosethrills that so they may not be hurt by the poysonous exhalations of this powder But they who derive this poysonousness from the Metal these tell us that al Metals in general are poysonous and enemies unto our bodies others although they say not that these bullets are in themselves poysonous yet nevertheless they take upon them to prove that these bullets may be poâ—soned and that this was much used by divers Nations they abundantly prove out of several Authors As The ophrastus in his ninth Book of Plants Chap. 15. Dioscorides in his sixth Book and Chapt. 20. Pliny in his twelfth Book and Chapt. 53. Paulus Aegineta in his sixth Book and Chapt. 88. and other modern Writers And some there are who here for to prove this their opinion be take themselves to the likeness and resemblance of the lightening and blow of the Gun and as it is most certain that oftentimes in Lightening there is a certain poysonous quality and power as is sufficiently testifyed by the stench and the wonderful power it hath of blasting and destroying both man and beast and that in a moment as also the other malignant Effects thereof sufficiently witness the truth hereof so they conceive that there is something like unto it in the flash of the powder and the noyse or report of the Gun Secondly Many there have been The Second opinion and stil are who affirm that an Empyreuma or Combustion of the parts is joyned with these Wounds And hereupon it is that Chirurgeons commonly carry about with them so many Medicaments which our Chirurgeons term Pulver le shung that is extinguishers of the Gunpouder or the Empyrema when the parts are inflamed and burnt in these wounds by Gunshot because to wit that they are perswaded that in such wounds there is an Empyreuma which is first of all to be extinguished And this they endeavor to prove by these Reasons First of al The Reasons for proofe of the second opinion because those bullets when they are cast forth may be inflamed