gladness Act. 2.41 The same day the General reception of the word was already past and in the same day the Seal of the Covenant was conferred in that there were added to them as they were an Apostolick Church about three thousand souls and to warrant me this remark upon the Addition here in the Text and those other places we have it expressly Chap. 2.47 The Lord added to the Church daily such as should be saved from all which this inference is obvious That out of the Church we are not to presume for Salvation or to give it you in as modest terms as may be and those naturally deduced from the Text They that shall be saved with the Lord are first of all supposed to be added by the Lord to the Church Faith though it be the gift of God in the Heart unto Salvation yet he giveth unto every man a certain measure no otherwise than by an Ecclesiastical Dispensation For to make a summary rehersal of that Creed into which we are Baptized this is the compendium of the whole The Creed which with good reason we call the Apostles Creed or at least Apostolical is in our Church-Catechisme distinguished and divided into the Belief of the Father our Creator of the Son our Redemer and of the Holy Ghost the Comforter ruling in all our hearts in order to a thorow Sanctification now in the assurance of this Holy Ghost as he is a Spirit of Prophesie we do believe a Catholick and Apostolick Church in that Church as it is Apostolick and Catholick we must acknowledge a Communion of Saints the result of which Communion in this Church from the Holy Ghost is the forgiveness of our Sins whatsoever is loosed on Earth is loosed also in Heaven whence we do further believe and hope for the Resurrection of our flesh and the Life in the World to come And therefore to the Doctrine of the Trinity the Father Creating the Son Redeeming and the Holy Ghost Purifying as also to those Articles of the Church Administring in a visible holy Communion the Remission of Sins unto all such as look for the Resurrection to eternal Life we in the assurance of our Faith are to say Amen I would at length fain put it to the question what people generally have in their thoughts when they stand up at their Creed and say that they Believe a holy Catholick and Apostolick Church in effect it should be thus much that they do confess there is a Congregation and Corporation of Christian people though dispersed throughout the whole world that this society is united in a holy Communion under Christ the supreme and onely Head that it is assisted moved and directed by the Holy Ghost that it is Matriculated as it were into one holy Congregation and fraternity by Baptisme sustained by the word of Catechising which is milk for babes nourished by the Lords Supper which is meat for stronger men that it is continued by an holy Apostolical Succession by which the Keyes of the Kingdom are faithfully administred whatsoever is bound on earth is ratified in heaven and after all this does the promise of Christ signifie nothing that he will be with his Church so universally and every way holy that so whither he as the Head is gone the Members may follow after every one in his own order Christ the first afterward those that are Christs both before and at his coming And if this be the meaning of the Article as had I time might soon be proved from several Scriptures and our Separatists themselves do not deny but that this Summary Compendium of Faith is both antient and a sound Confession we thank them that at the same time when they thrust it out of our Churches they were pleased to annex it to the close of their Calvinistical Catechism I would demand of them and put it to the Conscience of those who are deluded by them how they can expect salvation in another world when they avoid the communion of the Saints in this and that against their vow in Baptisme against their solemn Profession of Faith I might I perswade my self urge it against their own inward sentiments whenever they do seriously think upon it what this Article of their Creed does mean or else they must be notoriously hypocritical before God against their own reason somthing or other they must believe when they do confess that there is such a thing as a holy Catholick and Apostolick Church and what can they believe to their souls good but that in the Communion of this Church they do expect salvation Let them if they are so fool-hardy excommunicate themselves and so put themselves into the condition of Heathens to be saved without a law and beside the Gospel if God so please to be sure there is great safety in the Christian institution as the Church is a holy society if with our hearts we believe and with our mouths we make confession of that Faith which was once delivered to the Saints to wit that there is a Holy Catholick Church and in that Church a Holy Communion of Saints and the result of both these is the forgiveness of sins and that because of the Churches Catholick Faith that there shall be a Resurrection of the Dead for unless it be so we are still in our sins when both soul and body are to be united together in order to be made partakers of everlasting life undoubtedly we shall be saved I know there are some who quarrel at the Athanasian Creed though they have subscribed to it for these words in it however I am not afraid to cite them to our present purpose whosoever will be saved that is in the unity of the Church before all things he must be careful that he hold the Catholick Faith for the Church is Catholick which faith except he keep whole and undefiled without doubt he shall perish everlastingly And so I pass to the Second instance of this great Benefit here accruing from the present Dispensation and that is a due qualification internal in the heart but still in order to an outward profession 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 they were Believers in the Lord which were now added to the Churches Communion holding the Faith as from the Apostles at this time it was delivered By Faith here not to spend time in the ordinary Definitions of it we may securely understand the pious and fiducial application of all the circumstances of this outward administration to each mans particular and private concerns whatsoever was publickly dispensed was in the heart of those that were assembled digested in an humble assurance of salvation there-from So that upon this account Schism from a Visible Communion is the result of Infidelity it is an evil heart of Unbelief that departs from God our Father or the Church our Mother in that whosoever he be that separates he cannot or he will not make due and sober reflections upon outward services in order to his own private
stedfastly purposed to be the Minister of God for Good but an Avenger to execute wrath upon him that worketh evil A froward heart shall depart away from me I will not know a wicked person whose privily slandereth his Neighbour him will I cut off him that hath an high look and a proud heart I will not suffer Mine eyes shall be upon such as are faithful in the land that they may dwell with me he that walketh in a perfect way he shall serve me I will early destroy all the wicked of the land and why all this thorow Reformation both within doors and without why because the Ark of God was not to have its habitation amidst the Tents of ungodliness as if the Princely Prophet should have said All this will I do that I may prepare a place for it That I may cut off all wicked doers from that City which henceforth because of the Shew bread there to be dispensed is to be called Bethlehem the House of Bread the City of the Lord and that because of the service of the God of Israel between the Cherubims which is there to be aministred the daily sacrifice which is never to cease the Burnt offering for Israel never to fail I will early destroy all the wicked of the Land that I may cut off all wicked doers from this City of the Lord. Thus the God whom we serve is a holy and a Jealous God and therefore as Joshuah to the people in that forementioned place Josh 24 9. Ye cannot serve the Lord lest he turn and do you hurt and consume you his jealousie should provoke us to sincerity that we be careful in our nearer approaches to him at the publick solemnities of his holiness there be not an evil heart in us even at such a time and in those addresses to depart from the living the great and the dreadful God in drawing nigh to him with our mouths while our hearts are far from him God is in heaven and we on earth and from heaven it is that he is ready to execute judgment upon the Hypocrite and false hearted therefore though in the Ministrations of the Sanctuary we are permitted to kiss the Son yet it is lest that he should be angry for should his wrath be kindled yea but a little how soon should we perish from the right way Psal 2.11 Serve the Lord with fear and though that service be the fulness of our joy yet we must rejoice unto him with reverence and with trembling Here in the context Fear came upon the whole Church upon those very persons who for joy had in the former Chapter parted willingly with their substance yet because God had made a Breach amongst them the effects of his wrath were both sudden and dreadfull and should they also have been found false in their services what could they expect but that they should likewise perish The Apostles therefore being gathered together every man had good reason to suspect and examine himself they could not forbear to assemble with them to hear what the Lord God would say unto them and yet out of a pious reflection upon their own unworthiness and the purity of that God with whom they had to do they dare not be too hasty in their nearer approaches Fear came upon the Church 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the rest as distinguished from the Apostles even from amongst the Disciples such who believed with joy in the assurance of their Faith and yet with trembling as conscious to themselves of their own unbelief of those New Converts durst no man joyne himself to them Nay the dread which was upon their Spirits was not a little increased when they saw the Consternation to be Vniversal fear not only upon the Church but upon such as were without even upon all those which heard those things and they may be the Second sort of Persons who are said in the Text to keep this distance by the hands of the Apostles were signs and wonders wrought among the people 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and of the rest as distinguished both from the Apostles and the People of those who were amongst though not of the mixed multitude durst no man join himself unto them And here 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 opponuntur 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the rest are to be understood in a contra distinction to and from the multitude quos vitae ordo authoritas in signiores fecerat such amongst them as were notable either for their quality or authority these were surprised v. 11. Even as many as saw those things but they would not come too near lest they should lose of their interest or of that power and authority with which at present they were invested They were sufficiently convinced by the Signes which they saw and the Wonders which they could not but acknowledge from their very outward senses to their consciences they could not but lay their hands upon their mouths and say of a truth mighty works and terrible do shew forth themselves in these Apostles and yet they would not venture to joyn themselves unto them lest they might run the same fate with them ver 18. Be cast into prison or be informed against to the chief Priests and Pharisees like those St. John 12.42 chief Rulers who believed on our Saviour but did not confess him because of the Pharisees lest they should be put out of the Synagogue for they loved the praise of men more then the praise of God These were acted by a principle of temporal politick prudence and not by that Wisdom which is pure as well as peaceable who see with their eyes and yet interest doth blind them hear with their ears and yet because of some external inconveniencies that may happen they stop their ears to these heavenly Charmers Charm they never so wisely who understand with their heart and yet are not converted lest they should be healed There be some like St. Peter who neither fly from nor forsake their Saviour but they follow afar off to see the end of the matter and if prosecution wax hot their charity grows cold in the time of temptation they fall away they see that bitterness is like to be in the end and so they force themselves both to deny and forswear their Master Some wait onely in a corner of Solomons Porch lest they should be seen of men I mean it of those who are too much in subjection to their Ring-leaders in mischief and were it not for fear of being cast out of favour of losing such a ones good word or his good will they could frequent the places of Assembly with more courage then they do Alas what would you have us do says the poor deluded Country man we must wait upon the Great man of the Town be it to a Church or to a Barn it is well if now and then we can steal in at a back door where we may hear and not be seen for should He come to know
our Apostles we are sent unto our Prayers Behold O Lord the threatnings of the Sons of Belial who are still against thee all the reflections they make upon these latter Providences is they repent that they have done no more mischief and all the sin they acknowledge in their blasphemous allusions is that they were false to their Covenant in that the Amalakites were not utterly destroyed let us betake our selves to better Devotions than these that God would abate their pride asswage their malice and confonnd their Devices but then as for their Persons He brings into the way of truth all such as have erred and are deceived Put them in fear O Lord that they may seek thy name Forgive our enemies persecutors and slanderers and turn their hearts Forgive them for they know not what they do Oh! That even this might not be laid to their charge how that they still have recourse to their old designes of Mischief though hitherto in the course of the Divine Providence they have proved so ineffectual May the God of Heaven yet laugh them to scorn and he confirm his King upon the hill of Sion Deliverance shall arise one way or other the God who is worshiped in will take care of the service of the Sanctuary he who hath and who doth we trust that he will still deliver us they that hate us shall see it and be ashamed because the Lord hath holpen us and comforted us But as for them 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 they are of the rest they have estranged themselves and gone out from us because they were not of us neither shall they dare God will restrain their fury they shall not presume to approach and hurt us which is the Second thing observed in this second part of the Text to wit what was the present frame and temper of their minds by whom this due distance was kept 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 No one durst That is there was an unaccountable surprise and dread upon their Spirits which as to the persons affected might be divers and various they did not dare some kind of awe there was which was a curb and a restraint upon them 1. In the Disciples it might be modesty and humility 2. In those from amidst the multitude a timorous misgiving 3. In the Adversary Terrour Amazement and Astonishment Thus one way or other the Gospel of Jesus was glorified it had diversly but surely its desired effect upon all this is that word which cannot return in vain but will accomplish the thing for which it is sent First In the Disciples who took heed how where and what they did here who frequented Solomons Porch that they might observe the out-goings of the Lord in his Sanctuary in them their Modesty was exercised and their Humility was increased with meekness they received the ingrafted word and yet jealous enough of themselves that they did not grow as they should thereby to them the immortal seed was sown in an honest and in a good heart and yet the Fruit which they did bear was with patience their heart was raised at the contemplation of God and of his holiness but at the same time broken in a sorrowful reflection upon themselves and their own unworthiness though they did believe yet almost with tears in their eyes this was the Prayer of their Faith Lord we believe help our unbeliefe in them an humble and a lowly expectancy as well as a fiducial recumbency had its perfect work they are ready to give up themselves and their substance to the service of God and of his Sanctuary and yet considering that God expects both heart and hand together piously they examine their own integrity throughout all they know that their good things do not extend to God therefore their delight is with such as are excellent in the Earth and when they have done all that they can they are far from vaunting a State of Perfection they acknowledge themselves to be unprofitable Servants and Miserable Sinners they make this their humble and hearty recognition saying We have done or rather Would we had done what was our duty to do Secondly In those from amidst the multitude it was a Timorous Misgiving their hearts failed them for fear of what might become of them in another world and yet they were loth to let go their interest in this upon what they heard and saw they made some heavy steps toward happiness but alass they looked back and they gave back the one returns to his honours and the other to his great Possessions Oh the deceitfulness of riches and of power how hard is it for those who trust in either to enter into the Kingdom of God with the Disciples upon the like occasion we may cry out Lord increase our Faith yes in the Text here is an argument to settle us in our Faith in that the wisdom of God was here justified in the hearts of the children of this World in the midst of all their wealth and their greatness the convictions that are within them are a damp upon their Spirits Thus St. Paul cannot reason of righteousness of temperance and of judgment to come but Felix must needs tremble and does Agrippa know the Scriptures does he believe the Prophets and will he not resign the obedience of his Faith to what he does know and cannot but believe however as stout and resolved a sinner as he is against God and his own Soul laught heartily and entirely to embrace this way least he lose something of his outward Pomp 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 lest the retinue that is about him should withdraw and refuse any longer to be of his train yet to hear St. Paul Preach will he will he he cannot but confess to him and all the World however his misgiving thoughts perplex him and he will not be perswaded yet he is almost perswaded to be a Christian Virtutem videant how strangely is the self-condemning Worldling or Voluptuary infatuated only that he may perish the more dreadfuly under the clear apprehensions of his approaching and yet wilfully neglected happiness Alas poor silly wretch who against himself and his own resentments prefers this World to a better in a moment he and his thoughts perish and in the end he proves a fool 3. In the Adversary it was terrour amazement and Astonishment to observe the courage and boldness of these Apostles though they were ignorant and unlearned men the wonders which they wrought and the judgments which were inflicted they could not but be surprised and fall backwards like the Officers which came to apprehend our Saviour so is it here with the Disciples as it was formerly with their Master Never men surely spake or did like these men what do we do the finger of God is here in vain do we strive we shall not prevail like the Egyptian chariots in the Red Sea all our designs go on against them but heavily in vain do we strive against them and at the same
yet it must not be to the disparagement of any of the same Order Christ has promised a Prophets reward to such as receive a Prophet not as this or that man so or so qualified but meerly in relation to his Office and his Calling as he comes in the Name of a Prophet Honour should be the result of Love not of a partial affection are they not all alike Ministers of Christ our Common Saviour in order to a Universal Redemption It was an argument of schism and division in the Church of Corinth when some of them were for Paul some for Apollos some for Cephas some for Cephas a Pillar of the Church if not a corner stone who delivered the word with authority and power who proposed his Message as Matter for Faith rather then dispute and though he does admit that a Reason may be given for our Hope yet it must be with Reverence and Fear thus the very Dignity of the Messenger might seem to be credit enough for the Reception of his Message he having the Primacy over the rest it was reason good enough that he should be heard in the first place Cephas by whom you have believed others were for the rare notions the sublime curious speculations of St. Paul such a one as was wrapped into the third heavens every time he spake whose reach was within and beyond the clouds whilst he was manuring his Corinthians who were his Husbandry upon earth Paul planteth and yet a third sort were for the eloquence and Rhetorick of Apollos whose Doctrine distilled as the rain and his Speech was as the dew Apolles watereth and all this while the sweet influences of heaven were not considered God was for gotten who gave the increase what was all this but a signe that their admiration proceeded more from their humour then their Love it was not Spiritual but carnal it was not a rejoycing in order and unity but a breaking into factions and parties against the established community hence were the Divisions and schisms amongst them But would we be with the multitude in that which is good we must go along with them into Solomons Porch and behold them there magnifying the Apostles without the least respect of Persons the Dispensation which at this time was amongst the People was various and yet the commendation was Vniform here was severity from some of the Apostles in the rigorous execution of wrath great utility from others in the curing of diseases and yet vertue in all that they should be all alike equally admired thus they at this time as the servants of the most high God and God in them as the God of Order and Vnion was praised and magnified amongst the multitudes so that their Praises were as solemn as was their meeting as regular as was their solemnity though they were a multitude they were not confused there was no uproar in this gratulatory Magnificat not such as was at Ephesus when the people extolled their great Diana and the most part knew not why they were assembled no the Oracles of God were at this time magnifyed in a vulgar shout the voice of a King of the King of heaven was amongst them and we have good reason to believe that the impetus upon the people was without tumult fince their admiration was the product of their Faith which is the Third thing to be considered in this third part of the Text viz. the Occasion of this awful Reverence and Respect at the begining of the 12th verse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Signes and wonders were wrought by the hands of the Apostles amongst the People and the People magnified them Signes and Wonders might be necessary at the first plantation of the Gospel that so it might be received as with amazement so with honour also but since an evil and an adulterous generation may seek after a Signe and none shall be given them only they are themselves the greatest prodigy in that they wickedly dispute the truth of that which for fear of humane laws they dare not in some sort or other but profess and yet there are Signes and Wonders continued like these in the Text sufficient to create Reverence and Respect to sacred Persons were they not too much cherished and incouraged amongst us an evil heart of unbelief against all manner of Providence soever and so against God himself however let us urge what was commendable in the People here receiving the Truths of the Gospel in the love and due esteem of those that brought them to the reproach of the Generations that have succeeded who make a mock of holiness and Piety Signes and Wonders causal of honour and admiration to the Apostles and those in the First Place Signes of terror to the wicked because of the judgment which was inflicted 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Is Pelusiot Whatsoever punishment is inflicted upon offenders especially if it be sudden and dreadful as it humbles those upon whom it is inflicted so it renders them in whose vindication it is exerted the more venerable their persons are to be distinguished from the common sort of men for whose sakes God is pleased to manifest himself so severe in the terrible executions of his wrath Elijah caused fire to come down from heaven as he was a Man of God to destroy two Captains and their two Fifties 2 King 1.13 and this made the next Captain to dread and revere the Prophet to cast his sword and himself at his seet saying O Man of God I pray thee let my life and the life of these fifty thy servants be pretious in thy sight Behold there came fire from heaven and burnt the two former Captains and their fifties therefore let my life now be pretious in thy sight And shall we say where is the Lord God of Elijah now doth he not still take vengeance if not for his servants yet for his Church in fire and that a fire from heaven which the breath of the Lord had kindled Surely if not in fire though the smoke is still in our nostrils yet in as dreadful and as fore calamities I could but that I had before occasion to instance it here again consider how that God has Magnified the Services of his Sanctuary if not in the sight of this people who will not see yet of the nations round about us in the severer expressions of his anger against this one sin of Sacrilege so dreadfully visited for in the Text how has this sin ever since it was conceived brought forth nothing but death Restitution had we but faith to believe it were the onliest and readiest way to settle us upon the right foundations of peace and prosperity one would think to reflect a little backward upon the ruines which this Desolating Sin hath made amongst us within the compass of little more then One hundred years should be enough to affrighten those who have any love to their Countrey if they have but little regard to their Religion that for the
their hands to the most high God in a most wicked and seditious Covenant though by Oath they were obliged to a Canonical Obedience that they would not onely destroy the hewers of wood and the drawers of water from amongst us but sacrilegiously take away both wood and water from the sanctuary leaving us nothing but a strange fire that would have consumed every thing that was sacred from the midst of us These men were like Saul of old of a most bloody house O my soul come not thou into their secret unto their Assembly let me not be united Cursed be their anger for it was fierce and their wrath for it was cruel in their anger they flew a Man a Man that was worth ten thousands of men nay two Men unto which the Ages before did never shew the like Moses and Aaron fell both under the same stroke in their self-will they digged down a wall broke through all inclosures to lay our Sion waste and for these sins unrepented of and still persisted in has not our Jerusalem been made a heap of Stones But blessed be our God who raised up Jacob when he was small and have we not seen with our eyes the reward of rebellious sinners God hath scattered them in Jacob they are at this day divided in Israel thus their sin of Division and Separation is the worst of judgments from Gods permission upon them whilst their hearts are hardned through their Disobedience and Vnbelief These are not like David men after Gods own heart the Zeal of Gods house devoured him yea and the Son of David when he twice whip'd the the Buyers and Sellers out of the Temple but their Zeal has been to consume the house of God either to brake down the carved work thereof with Axes and Hammers to destroy all the Synagogues of God in the Land or to prophane those they leave standing some evil Angel or other appointed to hover over the Mercies Seat the Houses of Prayer made so many Dens of Thieves in a word these are like Saul in the New Testament before his conversion Philip. 3. As concerning zeal persecuting the Church not like St. Paul having embraced the Faith of Christ Zealous toward God in that which is good herein always exercising himself to have a conscience void of offence toward God and toward all men That in this Digression whither our unreasonable Zealots as evil workers have carried me I may not loose the scope of my Text These seditious Gnosticks who disturbed the Peace of the Church by obtruding upon the Disciples Mosaical rigours and so bewitching these foolish Galatians from the stedfastness of their obedience both Schism and Rebellion are as the sin of witchcraft had a Zeal for God St. Paul bears them witness but it was not according to knowledge or if they had as their very compellation signifies nothing less then Science yet it was falsly so called the understanding of all mysteries and of all knowledg neither was their Zeal mistaken or blind so much the worse for it was not according to Godliness since they were not careful to square their actions by that Rule of obedience which they did profess They were zealously affected but not well Buâ— on the contrary while St. Paul fights it is the good fight of Faith does he contend earnestly It is for the word of truth which he had received for and delivered to them according to the Scriptures while he does withstand the adversaries to the face it is not his forward zeal or his pious eagerness but their back-sliding their frowardness and peevishness their Dissimulation and Hypocrisie was to be blamed for this he had secured in the first place that the thing for which he contended was just and good and this he was assured of to the last that having no sinister or by designs it was good to be always zealously affected which is the Third and last Thing In which zeal is good in relation to the Object when it is rightly qualified and stated directed to a good end because where there is such a pious care that the thing contended for be good there likewise we do charitably believe that the zeal is guided by a good intention not being over-byassed or over-ballanced by any sinister or by-respects The Pious Zealot is many times counted singular this may be a more charitable reason for the compellation then is usually urged He is indeed singular that is he is neither double-tongued nor double-minded the preparations of his heart are from the Lord. Some mens Zeal is not from an inward principle of Conscience but some outward reason or motive to incite them as was hinted in the close of the former Discourse either the thing for which they are so zealous makes for their interest or else they will make it so while their design is to get a name and to appear some-Body in the world or as bad nay worse then both these because it comprehends them both a sordid and an unworthy compliance for there is a kind of zeal in luke-warmness it self a Complemental congenial Religion in suiting our selves to the company with whom we converse changing faces with every one we meet is an hypocritical principle by which too too many act and walk amongst us These are they who would fain have every ones good word care not much to venture their credit to be evil spoken of in the cause of Piety they are altogether for a good they cannot go thorow a bad report and it is observable that such persons who do thus ambire famam court every ones applause seldom speak well of any but those with whom at present they are conversing their Detraction is as notorious as their flattery and be it for their advantage to steal into the heart to win upon the affections of some leading men of whatsoever Perswasion they are as good at their Satyricks as at Panegyricks they are furnished at all adventures and can as smartly declaim against as possibly not long before to another company they did ingeniously commend the same thing And sad it is but too notoriously apparent that such a humour as this doth transport many men in Religion it self who because of advantage can have Schism and Faction in admiration Men who have as different Behaviours as they have Habits suting themselves to the untowardness of those with whom they have to do rather then to the strictness of that profession to which they are obliged by all the ties imaginable these can urge the severity and Letter of a Law though it be for Uniformity strain it contrary to its meaning against any that will not comply with them in their luke-warmness that so they may have the less disturbance in the promotion and strengthning of schism and sedition This is their keeping wind-ward of the Law It is but their moderation to deviate from an established Rule pro hic nunc according to time and place to sute themselves to the humours of