Anatomy of the Hand the Foot remains V. The Anatomy of the Foot 1 The Foot is the Instrument of Walking and contains all that part that is between the Hip-bone and the top of the toes and imitates the Hand as much as may be It is divided into three parts the Thigh the Leg and that which we cal the Foot which is also divided into three parts Tarsus Metatarsus and the Toes 2 Parts of the Foot are either Containing or Contained The Parts Containing are either Proper or Common The Common are Scarf-skin Skin Flesh Membrana and Fleshy Panicle Proper is the Membrana of the Muscles 3 Parts contained are Muscles Vessels and Bones The Muscles are either the thigh leg foot or toes 4 The Muscles of the Thigh are eleven of which 1 Five stretch it out as Gluteus major Me dius minor Iliacus Externus Piriformis and Triceps 2 Three Muscles bow it as Lumbalis 〈◊〉 internus Lividus 3 The other move it Circularly 5 The Muscles of the Leg are ten whereof 1 Five bend it as Longissimus Gracilis Senervosus Biceps 〈◊〉 2 Some extend it as these four Membranosus Vastus internus externus 〈◊〉 3 The other Muscle Popliteus moves it oblickly 6 The Muscles of the Feet are eight of which 1 Five extend it as Castrominius internus externus Plantaris Soleus Tibiaeus Posticus 2 The other three bend it as Tibiaeus anticus and the two Periei 7 The Muscles of the Toes are twenty three whereof some bend them some extend them and others draw them transversly 8 The Vessels of the Feet are Veins Arteries and Nerves 9 The Vein of the Leg is branched 1 Into the Saphaena which passeth by the inside of the Ancle where it is branched into four parts and distributed amongst the Toes This is the vein which is opened in afflictions of the Womb and Head 2 Ischias which passeth by the outward part of the Leg. 3 That which passeth to the Muscles 4 Suralis which at the Knee is divided into two Branches the one takes the inside the other the outside 10 The Artery is divided above the Knee and administers Branches both to the Skin and al the Muscles 11 The Nerves arise from the Marrow of the Back and pass through either the Joynts of the Loyns or the Os Sacrum 12 The Bones in each Foot are forty six One of the Thigh one Patella two of the Knee two of the Leg and forty of the Foot Thus you have the Parts Containing The Parts Contained are such as are fluid soft and upheld by others Parts Contained 1 Parts contained are either Humors or Spirits 2 Humors are either Natural or Influential 3 Natural is that which is called Humidum Radicale 4 Influential is either Primary or Secundary 1 Primary is either Natural or not Natural 2 Natural is either 1 Nourishing 2 Excrementitious 3 Participates of both 5 Nourishing is Blood and Flegm Excrementitious is either Profitable or Unprofitable 6 Profitable is Milk Seed the Water of the Blood and the Water arising from the first Concoction 7 Unprofitable are Tears Snot Spittle Menstruis Blood Sweat and Urine 8 Those which are both Excrementitious and Nourishing are Choller and Melancholly 9 Humors not Natural are the same with these only they keep not a due Decorum in Quantity Quality Motion and Rest. 10 They offend in Quantity two waies either by Abundance or Defect 11 Abundance or Repletion is two-fold Plethora and Cacochymia 12 Cacochymia is either Simple or Compound Simple is of Choller Flegm and Melancholly 13 The failings of Quality are either more Common or more Proper More Common are Corruption Putrefaction Malignity Crudity 14 More Proper are in respect of certain Humors and so 1 Choller corrupted is 1 Vitiline or like Yolks of Egs. 2 Eruginous like Vert-de-greece 3 Prassine like Juyce of Herbs 4 Azure 2 Flegm is 1 Acide sowr like Vinegar 2 Vitrial like melted Glass 3 Salt like Brine 4 Gypsum like white Mortar 3 Melancholly adust proceeding either of burnt Blood burnt Choller or salt Flegm 15 Thus much of Hmors the Spirits remain 16 Spirits are insited in or influential 17 Spirits insited in are two either innate Moisture or innate Heat 18 Spirits Influential are either Vital or Animal 19 The Innate Spirit according to Hermetical Phylosophers is An Astral and vital Body a Natural Balsom a vital Sulphur and a vital Mummy Hitherto of a Corporal Anatomy A Vertual Anatomy follows Hermetical Phylosophers 1 They have a double kind of Anatomy the one Local the other Essential Vital or Formal 2 The Local say they is that which every Butcher doth when he cuts open an Ox or a Calf which although Hermetical Phylosophers do not reject yet they would not have Physitians spend all their daies in pering upon that and neglect businesses of greater import 3 A vi tal Anatomy is that which dissolves every Body into its first Principles He that drives such a Model of Physick ought to be wel versed in the Natures and Properties of Seeds the Office of Elements and Principles the Generation and transplantation of Roots the Motion and Influence of the Heavens and Heavenly Bodies the Disposition not only of Dead but also of Living Bodies They do not cal that Lump of Flesh only the Heart which others do but whatsoever hath vital heat in it They cal every Cavity the Stomach nay every place in which there is any Concoction Every place 〈◊〉 contains any fruitful Seed is a Womb with them But the main Basis of their Art is the Harmony of the Creation and the due Consideration of that notable Agreement between things above and things below Tome I. Part IV. Of Vertual Anatomy Or the Harmony between the Macrocosm and Microcosm VErtual Anatomy teacheth the Harmony between one part of the Creation and another the Analogical Comparation and Reductions of things therby fetching its remedies and learning their strengths and vertues from the Book of Nature not of Galen 2 For whatsoever is in the Universal World is also in Man not according to a certain superficial similitude as some Fools prattle but in Deed and in Reality are contained in him whatsoever is in the whol Theater of the World 3 The Spirit of a Man communicates with God himself the Rational Soul with the Angels and the Body with the Stars and Earth 4 Paracelsus and most other Hermerical Phylosophers hold that Man hath a double Body the one Natural Elementary visible and tangable which was first made of the Slime of the Earth the other Invisible Insensible deduced from the Coelestial Influence of the Stars and this Crollius cals the Genius of Man his Domestick Laris the Instructer of Wise Men for he cannot abide Fools 5 This Analogical Comparation is to be considered in a double Manner 1 In respect of the Heavenly Bodies themselves 2 In respect of Medicines caused by their Influence Of these the Galenists knew either very little or nothing at all
LIB I. Of the Analogical Comparation of the Heavens with the Body of Man 1 ALL things that are above are to be found in things below or if you would have it a little plainer Terrestial things are in Heaven after a Celestial manner Celestial things upon Earth after a Terrestial manner And this none but a few people that are scarce wel in their Wits wil deny 2 We shal only here give you the Sum of the Analogy and Harmony of the Universal World with the Body of Man which we shal God willing treat more plainly and fully of in our Harmony of both Worlds First Of the Coupling of the Celeftial Orbs with our Bodies and Eyes Secondly Of the Coupling of the Sun and Heavens with our Rational Soul Thirdly Of the Comparation of the Beams of the Sun with the Spirits of Mans Body Fourthly Of the Comparation of the Sun with the Heart of Man Fiftly Of the application of the Heat of the Sun to the Native Heat of Mans Body Sixtly 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 of the beams of the Moon with the Animal Spirit of Man Seventhly The comparing the Course of the Sun and Moon with the Course of Mans Life Eightly The Comparing of the Faculties of the Beams of the Planets with the Faculties of Mans Body Ninthly The comparing of the Nature of the Stars with the Humors in Mans Body Tenthly The comparing the several Stars with the several Parts of Mans Body Eleventhly The comparing of the World with the Affections of Man 3 You have the Analogy of the Heavens with the Body of Man The Anatomy or Analogy of Medicines follows which is two-fold 1 According to the force of the Stars and that is called 〈◊〉 Anat my Or 2 With the Body of Man and that is called Signatura LIB II Of the Influential Harmony 1 INfluential Harmony is that which teacheth the Influence and Dominion of the Planets both over Diseases and the Medicines which 〈◊〉 to cure them 2 The Course of the Planets 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Diseases according to the Nature of each Planet upon those parts of the Body which they rule so Saturn 〈◊〉 the Spleen Jupiter the Liver and Mars the Gal the Sun the Heart Venus the Reins 〈◊〉 the Lungs and the Moon the Brain 3 So the 〈◊〉 of Saturn proceed Melancholly failings of the Spleen and Afflictions of the Hypochondria Jupiter causeth distempers and obstructions of the Liver Cachexia Dropsie yellow Jaundice Mars causeth al distempers of the Gall the Stone and Obstructions Fulness and Emptiness The Sun causeth distempers of heat tremblings pantings of Heart faintings weakness Vinus causeth the Stone in the Reins Mercury the Phthisick Pleuresie Asthma and Cough The Moon causeth Diseases of the Brain I confess I am not altogether of my Authors Opinion in some of these and what my Jugdment is you may find if you please to peruse my Semeiotica Uranica 4 Diseases are cured either by Sympathy or Antipathy 5 A Disease is cured by Sympathy when it is cured by such remedies as are under the Planet that rules the part afflicted And so such Medicines 〈◊〉 are under the Dominion of the Moon and Mercury help the Brain and if Mercury cause the Disease your only way is to use such Medicines as are under the Dominion of Jupiter Not only because of the Antipathy between him and Mercury but also because Jupiter is 〈◊〉 in the House of the Moon 6 Diseases are cured by Antipathy when they are cured by the Remedies of the contrary Plannet and that two waies 1 When their Houses are contrary and so Mars cures the ill effects of Venus 2 When their Natures are contrary so Saturn cures the ill effects Venereal Lust causeth LIB III. Of the Faculties of Simples which the Dogmatists make use of to find out their Natures 1 EXperience and Signiture first found out the Vertues of Plants so Hemlock was found out to be hurtful by Experience 2 Signature is either External or Internal 3 External is a meer accidental business the Basis and Foundation of which is nothing else than the Form or Figure Color or Feeling of a Plant. 4 Internal is the Temperament or Quality which is the Principle and Foundation of their 〈◊〉 and Vertues 5 The Temperament or Qualities consist most in their Tast less in their Smel 6 The 〈◊〉 by which their strength and 〈◊〉 are known ar nine 1 Three 〈◊〉 testimonies of heat as Sharp 〈◊〉 and Salt 2 Three give testimonies of Cold as Tart 〈◊〉 and Sowr 3 Three give testimonies of temperance 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Fat and 〈◊〉 7 Seing Simple Medicines have two Qualities and somtimes three then the first is called Simple and Elementary which ariseth from the 〈◊〉 of the four 〈◊〉 The other is called 〈◊〉 which ariseth from the consistence of the 〈◊〉 diversity of Proportion Besides these two some have a third Quality which is Purging and is by 〈◊〉 called Hidden because it is 〈◊〉 from al Block heads 8 In general some Simples conduce to Health others to Ornament 9 Such as conduce to Health are either Alterating or Evacuating 10 Alterating are either Common or appropriated to some certain part 11 Such as are Common do it either by a 〈◊〉 Quality or by a Hidden 12 By 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 they 〈◊〉 it by the first second or third degree 13 First Quality is either Temperate or 〈◊〉 Intemperate is Hot Cold Moist and Dry. 14 These Qualities they call D'grees but might 〈◊〉 properly have called them Orders Galen cals them Numbers 15 The Orders of Intemperature reach to four Degrees both in respect of Heat Cold and Dryness but not of Moisture although my Author affirm it because Moisture is inconsistent both with Heat and Coldness it being dried by the one and congealed by the other 16 The second Faculties of Simples are such as these I. Emollient as Butter Saffron c. II. Purifying as Cadmea Fat c. III. Hardning as 〈◊〉 c. IV. Making thin as Chamomel c. V. Making thick as 〈◊〉 and most cold Herbs VI. Opening as Garlick Gall c. VII Binding as Bole 〈◊〉 c. VIII 〈◊〉 as Juyce of unripe Grapes 〈◊〉 c. IX Drawing as Birthwort Pepper c. X. Discussing as Southernwood c. XI 〈◊〉 as Honey Barley c. XII Purging as Lupines c. XIII Attenuating as Vinegar Acorus c. XIV Emplasticks as Oyl Butter c. XV. Stopping as Chalk c. XVI Putrefying as Aconitum c. XVII Causing pain as Mustard-seed c. XVIII Easing pain as Oyl of Dill c. 〈◊〉 Stupefying as Opium Hemlock c. 17 The third Faculties arise from the Conjunction of the first and second Such are I. Suppuring as Saffron White Lilly Roots c. II. Breeding Flesh as Barly Meal c. III. Glutinating as Aloes Allum c. IV. Scarrifying as Frankinsence c. V. Provoking the Terms as Annis c. VI. Bringing a Callus as Terra Samia c. VII Stopping the Terms as Acasia Lillies
or according to place 5 The cause which stirs up a Disease by it self are either through fault of Quantity or Quality Through fault of Quantity is either a want of Blood and Spirits or a superabounding of Blood which is called Plethora 6 Want of Blood and Spirits proceeds 1 From the Constitution of the Body 2 From outward heat as of the Air Fire c. 3 From fasting 4 From Purging 5 From Watching 6 From Labor 7 From Joy 7 A Redundance of Blood or a Plethora distempers both Heart and Liver and is most incident to people of idle lives 8 The fault of the quality is called Cacochymia which is either 9 Confusedly of all things contained or particularly of some of them as 1 Of Humors as a hot cold moist or dry distemper 2 Of Matter when the Humors are too thick or too thin hard or turbulent 3 Of the Form when the Blood or Spirits are corrupted by putrefaction of humors 10 Cacochymia of certain things contained is of Choller Melancholly Flegm Watry Humors and Wind. 11 The Causes of Choller are 1 A hot and dry Temperament of the Liver and Heart 2 A frequent concourse of cool Air. 3 Hot and dry Nourishment 4 The Evacuations of Choller stopped 5 Vehement Exercise 6 Immoderate Watching 7 Anger 12 Choller is either Natural or against Nature Natural is either Nourishing or Excrementitious Against Nature is either in the Liver or in the Vessels 13 The Causes of Melancholly are 1 A dry Liver and Heart and a stopped Spleen 2 Cold and dry Air. 3 Much feeding upon gross food 4 Usual Evacuation stopped 5 Care and much Watching 6 A sad life 14 Melancholly is either Natural or against 〈◊〉 Natural is either Nourishing or Excrementitious Against Nature is hot and sharp 15 The Causes of a Cacochymia of Flegm are these 1 A moist Temperature of the Heart and Liver 2 A cold and moist Stomach 3 Cold and moist Air. 4 The use of cold and moist food 5 The avoiding of Flegm by the Mouth and Fundament stopped 6 An idle lazy life 7 Much sleep 8 Leading a life without Care 16 Flegm is either within the Veins or without Within the Veins it is either Natural or against Nature Natural is either more or less Nourishing 17 The Causes of a Cacochymia of Water are 1 The Stomach cold the Liver and Spleen stopped 2 Cold and moist Air. 3 Moist Food 4 Retention of usual sweating or urine or accustomed Evacuation 5 An idle life 6 Immoderate sleep 7 Sadness 18 The Causes of a Cacochymia of Wind are 1 A cold and moist Stomach 2 Cold Air. 3 Windy Meat 4 Retention of Excrements 5 Idleness 19 The Internal Causes of Diseases by Accident or according to the seat of the Body are either in the first second or third Region A Cacochymia may occupy al the Regions of the Body or but one of them A Plethora is conversant in the second and third Regions only or in but one of them What my Author means by Region here I know not unless he mean the Ventricles 20 The humor is gathered together in any part either by Congestion or by 〈◊〉 21 In every Fluxion are four things to be considered 1 The matter which is moved 2 The way by which it is moved 3 The part sending it 4 The part receiving it 22 The Matter flows either by Transmission or Attraction 23 The Causes of Transmission are either the violence of the Matter or the plenty of it stirring up the Expulsive Faculty 24 The Causes of Attraction is unnatural heat Grief Motion Rubbing Consent of Parts 25 You have the Universal Causes both Internal and External The Particular follow The Causes of the Diseases of the Parts both Similar Organical and Common 1 The Causes of the Diseases of the Similar parts are either Evident or Antecedent and Consequent 2 Evident are such as make a desperate attempt upon al the Body and afflict the Spirits the Humors and Substance of the parts if they be strong there wil be some quoil to get them out again 3 Antecedent and Consequent though they be of another temper and quality yet they afflict the parts of the Body by Contagion 4 The Cause of Organical Diseases are of Conformation Magnitude Number or Place 5 Of Conformation are the Figures of the Parts Passages Cavities or Superficies 6 The Figures of the Parts are inverted either through the fault of the Seed or Womens Blood in the Womb or default of the Midwife at the Delivery or by the fault of the Physitian in giving Physick after the delivery or by accident as blood-letting Convuisions c. 7 The Causes of 〈◊〉 of the Passages and Cavities are either of too much dilation or too much straitness 8 The Causes of Dilation are either opening Medicines or the Expulsive Faculty strong and the Retentive weak 9 Dilation of the Vessels proceeds either from the plenty and quantity of Humors or else from their quality 10 Diseases of straitness proceed either from Obstruction or Constipation Contraction or Compression 11 The Causes of Superficial Diseases are roughness and smoothness Of roughness are such things as are sharp clensing and corroding Of smoothness such things as are Glutinous 12 The Causes of the greatness of the Disease are either encrease as plenty of Matter strength of Nature Wind c. Or decrease as weakness of the Spirits defect of Matter Wounds Bleeding Putrefaction 13 The Causes of accidental Diseases and their Symptomes are understood by themselves but of Compound Diseases by the Causes of the Simple 14 Thus-much of Aethiologie Nosologie follows which is either General or Special LIB VI. Of General Nosologie 1 GEneral Nosologie is that Art which sheweth the 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 of Diseases 2 A Disease is an Affect against Nature wherby the Actions of the Body are viciated 3 A Disease is Essential or Accidental 4 An Essential Disease is Particular or Common Particular are either Similary Organical or Dissimilary 5 Similar is 1 A Distemper either Simple as Hot Cold Moist or Dry or Compound as Cold and Moist Cold and Dry Hot and Moist Hot and Dry. 2 Immoderation of the Matter as when the Part is either too hard or too soft too loose or too much bound too thick or too thin 3 A Corruption of the whol Substance which is either Infectious or Venemous 6 An Organical 〈◊〉 is either of the Conformation Number and Bigness or Place 7 A Disease of Conformation is either in the Form or passages of the Body 8 A Disease of Bigness is when the Members of the Body are either bigger or less than they should be 9 A Disease of the Number is when the Members are either more or less than they should be 10 A Disease of the place is when Members are not in their right places as in Ruptures and Dislocations Accidental Diseases 1 Accidental Diseases are either in respect of Number or Composition and both of them are either Singular or
the influential operation of the Srars upon the Seeds so by reason of the corruption of the Nature of Man there is contained in his Body the seeds of al Diseases which by the influential operation of the Stars in time shew themselves 9 For to think that Diseases come from the Elements is ridiculous for both Elements and Elementary Bodies are but the Wombs in which these Seeds are nourished 10 In seeds is the form of the thing whereof it is a seed potentially placed and by power of these are al actions performed 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 proceed Tasts Colors Heat Cold 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 they contain in them Vital 〈◊〉 Hardness Softness Thickness Thinness Roughness Smoothness and what not 11 The Original then of these Seeds of Diseases is this Although at the first al 〈◊〉 were created pure and 〈◊〉 void of corruption and death yet after the 〈◊〉 of our first Parents the Curse came upon them and gave them a new Tincture and so the Seeds of Diseases came as wel into the Body of Man as Thorns and Thistles on the Earth 12 The Seeds both of Death and Diseases come thus into Man The 〈◊〉 being cursed for the sin of Adam brought forth many impurities as Arsenick 〈◊〉 and many other both hot and cold poysons as Opiats nay in the purest Creatures there remains so much 〈◊〉 which is as wel able to hurt as what is pure in them to help Living Creatures as Beasts c. live by Plants and Herbs Man by Beasts and the Fruits of the Earth The impurity of which is that which causeth so many several sorts of Diseases to the Body of Man 13 That there is such a seed of Diseases in Man may appear by this Because we find many Diseases to be Hereditary nay to continue individually many times to three or four generations which could not be unless the Seed of the Disease were inherent in the procreative Vertue 14 Somtimes Children are troubled with Diseases which were not heeded in their Fathers as men that never had the Gout beget Children which in time come to have the Gout judg the like by the falling-sickness c. The Reason is All Seed must have a time to grow and the Seed was not come to maturity in the Parent as it is in the Child Contrary to this Many times we find that such as have the Gout beget Children which never have it and those that have the Falling-sickness the like The Reason of this is either 1 Because the impurity is separated by the strength of the Natural Balsom in the Womb Or 2 Because the Root of the Disease is grown old and able to bear fruit no more 15 That a Hot Cold Moist or Dry Distemper or Humors should be the cause of a Disease is absolute non-sense to affirm they are but the Effects as Heat is the Effect of Life and not the Cause of it The Cause of a Disease must be somthing which is real and endued with a power to produce such Effects 16 Humors are a certain Fantastical Invention but imagine there be such things they cannot produce Diseases 1 Because they are not in the 〈◊〉 2 Because the Humors arise from the Disease and not the Disease from the Humors 3 Because no Humor is either Salt or Sowr or hath any other Tast neither hath it any Salt or Tartar in it And 't is a most rediculous piece of non-sense to say Humors are burnt for bring a Humor to the fire it presently exhales away 17 The Modern Alchymists derive the Original of all Diseases from these three Principles Mercury Sulphur and Sal because they are endued with Vertues Faculties and Properties of al sorts from whence come infinite Varieties Tasts Colors Smels by which various kinds of Diseases are bred 18 They hold the Causes of Diseases to be ten 1 Mercurius Pneumosus 2 Mercurius Cremosus 3 Mercurius Sublimatus 4 Mercurius Precipitatus 5 Sulphur Congelatum 6 Sulphur Resolutum 7 Sulphur Coagulatum 8 Sal Calcinatus 9 Sal Resolutus 10 Sal Reverberatus 19 〈◊〉 Pneumosus is an Aethereal Spirit the fire of Nature the Ruler of Mans Body the Mover and Guider of Actions and it is thought to remain in the Ventricles of the Brain It seems he understands the Animal Spirit by it This Mercury is somtimes made so thick that against Nature it is shut up in Skins in Cavities of the Body and so being made Material changeth its name and is called Wind It causeth Swellings Kings Evil Apostemes of Wind and whatsoever Disease the Galenists say comes of Wind. 20 Mercurius Cremosus or Mercury distilled is the Ark of our Life the food and nourishment of the other aethereal fire 't is true Lac Virginium that in the Colledges Dispensatory is but a Puppet in a Play the true Radical Moisture the Subject of Generation Sweet Liquid Rare and Penetrating This Mercury being separated from the power of the former whether by the solid parts of the Body or by Food is somtimes so circled about by ascention and descention that it begets grievous Diseases as Apoplexies Palsies Convulsions Falling-sickness Tremblings Heart-qualms Incubus and Succubus 21 Mercurius Sublimatus is the acute Spirit of Radical Moisture quick penetrating aerial subtil a lively and spiritual substance and the next instrument of Action This somtimes waxeth hot but it doth not burn and flies up and down whatsoever it laies hold on it breaks and pains from whence comes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Melancholly Head ach Quinsies Pluresies Pestilences 22 Mercurius Precipitatus is an aethereal Spirit sharp tart vehement incombustible hot 't is the Leaven of the Body whereby al things are digested By the Concoction and Digestion of this Spirit namely when it is hindred from performing its Function come al those painful congelations in the exterior parts of the Body as the Gout c. 23 Sulphur congealed is most pure white sweet moving the Pulse and distributing the heat throughout the Body From this Sulphur congealed arise al inflamations whatsoever as the Quinsie Pluresies c. as also Feavers 24 Sulphur resolutum is a moist and soft substance gently moistening all the parts of the Body it is ful of Spirit and accomodated to Generation From this Sulphur Alchymists derive those sleepy Diseases not from coldness as Galenists prate as Lethargies Coma Catalepsis c. I wonder in my heart why Galenists should hold these Diseases to come of cold seeing they confess sleep is caused by a sweet vapor sent up to the Brain 25 Sulphur coagulatum From this some Alchymists derive all Fluxes Others and those more properly derive them from Sal. 26 Sal calcinatus is the Balsom of Life that firm fixed earthy Body compounding Mercury and Sulphur in one and making the whol Body solid From this if it melt in the Body as somtimes it doth ariseth Cachexiaes Dropsies and al Diseases of Flegm If Nature can expel it thence ariseth Sweating 27 Sal resolutus is a liquid Body sweet in tast of a binding
Nourishment is that Substance which encreaseth and Nourisheth our Bodies and 't is two-fold 1 Properly and truly such are Nourishments which nourish our Bodies 2 Improperly such are Nourishments which by a Medicinal Vertue alter the failings of the former and yet notwithstanding nourish too 2 The Nourishment we take in hurts our Bodies three waies 1 In Quantity when we 〈◊〉 more than we can digest and thence comes Crudity 2 In Quality when the Food is too hot too cold too moist too dry each of which 〈◊〉 Diseases of its own Nature 3 In Substance when it is of too thick 〈◊〉 and this breeds Obstructions and all the the Diseases coming thereof III. Exercise and Rest. 1 〈◊〉 is a laborious Motion of the Body altering both the breath and pulse in respect of Motion 2 Exercise is either General or Particular General is of the whol Body which either helpeth or hurteth 3 Exercise helpeth when 't is Moderate and it helpeth thus 1 It makes the Body strong 2 It encreaseth Natural Heat 3 It moves the Spirits whereby the Vapors and Excrements pass through the Pores by Insensible Transpiration 4 Too much Exercise 〈◊〉 because it 〈◊〉 Distempers or Solution of Unity 5 Particular Exercise is of some of the Parts as Running to the Feet Singing to the Breast and Fighting to the Arms. 6 Rest either profiteth or hurteth It profiteth 1 When 't is Temperate for that recollects the tired Spirits 2 When it follow Moderate Exercise 7 Too much Rest hurteth 1 It causeth cold Diseases 2 Hinders the expulsion of the Excrements 3 Duls Natural Heat 4 〈◊〉 the Digestion of the Food IV. Sleeping and Watching 1 Sleep profiteth and hurteth It profiteth 1 Because it recruiteth the tired strength of the Body 2 It rallies the scattered Spirits 3 It cals back the heat to the inward parts 4 It helps Digestion 5 It routs Care from the Heart 6 It settles a mutinous and troubled Mind 7 It recruits a dry Constitution with Moisture 2 Immoderate Sleep hurts 1 Because it duls the Spirits and makes them 〈◊〉 2 Makes dul Wits and bad Memories 3 Procures abundance of crude Humors 4 Spoils Natural Heat 3 Watchings either profit or hinder If they be moderate they profit For 1 They quicken the Spirits and Sences 2 They distribute the heat into the parts of the body 3 Helps to expel the Excrements 4 Immoderate Watching hurts 1 Scatters the Animal Spirits 2 It dries the Body especially the Brain 3 It encreaseth Choller 4 It 's the Cause of hot Diseases V. Affections of the Mind 1 Of Affections of the Mind some tend to Health as moderate Ioy and Content of Mind Some hurt 〈◊〉 all Perturbations of the Mind whatsoever To name some of them 1 〈◊〉 which heats 〈◊〉 blood and spirits stirs up the Humors sets all the Body in a hubbub and ingenders Feavers 2 Immoderate Joy which sends all the Spirits to the External parts of the Body and leaves the Principal unguarded 3 Fear which cals all the Spirits inwards and leaves the outward parts unguarded 4 Sadness which consumes the Spirits by piece-meals causeth 〈◊〉 and thereby hinders Concoction 〈◊〉 is this all the mischief 〈◊〉 doth for it dries the Body and fils it as ful of Melanoholly as an Egg is full of meat VI. Fulness and Emptiness I think that which Physitians vulgarly translate Fulness and 〈◊〉 might better be translated Casting 〈◊〉 and Keeping in or if you will have me spit a few Scholastical Phrases Excretion and Retention 1 It is an excellent good principle when people cast out what should be cast out and retain what should be retained and perform them both in a due manner 2 When such things are retained as ought to be cast out imagine Urine Dung Spittle the Menstruis it hurts 3 When such things are 〈◊〉 out which ought to be retained as immoderate Bleeding immoderate flowing of the Menstruis it can do no good Thus you have the things not Natural It follows now that we shew you a Method how to use them that so we may not seem like Pharaohs Task-masters set you to make Bricks and not give you straw The Vse of things not Natural 〈◊〉 preserving Health 1 〈◊〉 a common Rule that we should use a Mediocrity in al things not Natural and have a special regard to former Customs 2 The Use of the Air is according to its Substance and Quality According to its Substance it ought to be pure clear thin and open 3 According to its Quality it ought to be according to the Nature and Complexion of the Party And therefore as the Eternal and only Wise God hath ordered the differences of Airs in this Nation so hath he ordered differences of Complexions in men suitable to it 4 Of Nourishments The Substance Quantity Quality Time and Manner of administring 〈◊〉 diligently to be heeded al which are to be 〈◊〉 to the Complexion of the Eater and the strength of his Nature 5 The Rule of Quantity is this That the strength of the Body may be refreshed and not oppressed 6 The Rule of Quality is taken from the Nature of the Food the Nature Custom and Pallat of the Eater the season of the Yeer the Climate and the Position of the Heavens 7 The time of giving it is the accustomed times of eating and when hunger cals for it 8 The use of Motion and Rest Sleeping and Watching and Affections of the Mind consists in Manner and Time 9 The use of Excretion or Evacuation is various 10 Evacuation is either Natural or Artificial Universal or particular 11 Universal Evacuation is Purging Vomiting 〈◊〉 Bleeding by 〈◊〉 by the 〈◊〉 or by Horse-Leeches or by the Menstruis Bathing Sweating Pissing 12 Particular Evacuation are of the several Parts The Vse of things not Natural in Diseases 1 The first thing that here comes to be heeded is That you have a special care such things not Natural be used as are contrary to the Disease and its Cause 2 Although a Physitian ought to have a special care of al six of them yet amongst them all Nourishment seems to bear away the Bell. And 3 In Nourishment have a care of the five things we told you of before viz. Its Substance Quantity Quality Time and Manner of giving 4 As concerning the Substance of the Nourishment note That so much as Nature is employed in overcoming the Cause of the Disease so much slenderer ought the Diet to be because Nature when she employs much of her strength in opposing the Disease is not so wel able to mind a hard digestion Also the acuter a Disease is let the Diet be the slenderer 5 The Quality of the Nourishment let it be such as strengthens Nature and opposeth the cause of the Disease And is to be considered 1 According to Custom 2 According to the Disease 3 According to the Natural Constitution of the Body 6 As for the Time of eating regard must be had to the Custom of the Party when
Medicines are unseasonably applied 1 In very hot or very cold times 2 The giving of Medicines ought to be avoided at the rising or setting of hot Stars either Cosmically or Heliacally Such are 〈◊〉 Cor Leonus both the Dog Stars and Hercules 3 They are to be avoided when the Malevolents are Aspected one to another or to the Moon 4 Take no purging Medicines when the Moon is in Signs ruminating or in the Forms of such Beasts as chew the Cud namely Aries Taurus and Capricorn because then they are easily vomited up again 5 When the Moon is Aspected to Jupiter Nature is so strengthened that the operation of the Medicine is hindred 6 The Moon in the ascending part of the Circle cals the Humors upwards and so easily provoketh Vomiting but hinders Purging by stool 4 The unseasonable breathing of a Vein wonderfully weakens Nature and brings exceeding much danger to the Body of Man 5 Hinderanees to Bleeding are 1 Immoderate Heat and Cold for Nature is rather to be cherished than weakned at such times and Bleeding weakens the Natural Sprits 2 The Moon being in the Sign governing the Member you bleed 3 The Moon in Conjunction Square or Opposition with the Sun Saturn or Mars or with the Dragons Head or 〈◊〉 4 The Moon in Signs Attractive as 〈◊〉 Leo and Sagittarius The Method of Cure according to the Opinion of Hermetical Phylosophers 1 As long as the Radical Moisture remains in its Quantity no Disease is felt 2 There is but one common Mummy of all Men and but one Vital Spirit therefore a Medicine may be Universal For all Diseases are nothing else but the Function of the Mummy and Vital Spirit hindered 3 The Cure of Diseases is either Universal or Particular Universal is the taking away the Roots of it or the impurity which causeth the Disease either 1 Derived from the Seed of the Parents 2 Through fault or ill use of Nourishment 3 Through External Impression 4 The Subjects of Universal Cure is the four kinds of Diseases to which all the rest may be referred as to their proper Fountains and Principles viz. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Dropsie Leprosie Gout He that can cure these wil easily cure all the other Diseases incident to the Body of Man 5 Universal Cure may be perfected by an Universal Medicine or Remedy agreeable to Mans Natural Balsom 6 Universal Medicine is nothing else than a Medicine which by strengthening Nature expels all the Diseases thereof 7 It is called Quintessence Balsom Natural Spirit Vital Principle Mercury Mummy Elixar vitoe Incombustible Sulphur A Secret Sol an Aethereal Spirit diffused through all Natural things the Fountain of Heat and Vigor quickning Animals making Vegetables grow and forming Minerals and Mettals in the Earth 8 The same Quintessence is in the Body of Man and although it keep its Court in the Heart yet it is diffused through the whol Body and produceth divers actions according to the diversity of the parts For Example In the Sensitive parts it produceth Sence In the Movable parts Motion and in the Stomach it concocts the Food into Chyle 9 If any Disease like an Enemy assault the Body it rallies up its forces to oppose it gives it Battel upon the Critical daies and if it can overcome it it triumphs over it 10 Therfore this Spirit and Quintessence being produced from the Macrocosm and taken into the Body That which is Natural in the Body being strengthened with these Axilliary Forces so stoutly opposeth any Disease that it quickly routs it and expels whatsoever is vicious out of the Body 11 Concerning this Universal Medicine I find three Opinions among Authors First Some hold That it doth it not by a Primary but by a Secundary way namely as it strengthens Nature for if Nature or that Natural Balsom of a Man be strengthened by an Universal Medicine it soon shews its power in all the parts of the Body and leaves not so much as the very Tincture of a Disease because it labors to preserve it self Secondly Severinus attributes a power to the Universal Medicine not only to strengthen the Natural Balsom and Spirits but also by the purity and its purifying of Nature to take away all Causes and Seeds of Diseases whatsoever Thirdly Wolfgangus 〈◊〉 attributes these effects to the Universal Medicine That it so disposeth al evil humors of what quality or malignity soever they are or by what name soever they are called that it resisteth no Medicine which after the Vulgar Method is given for them but stoutly joyns forces with it to help it to perform its Office and removes al impediments which lie in the way yea so powerful it is in its operation that it can be hindred by nothing but by the express will of the Creator The Cure of particular Diseases 1 In a Disease the Roots and Seminary Tinctures are not alwaies first to be taken away but oftentimes the Fruits Symptomes Fits and Pains are first to be mitigated as an Aspiring man is somtimes to be staved from his Throne before he is to be taken out of the World So a Disease is somtimes to be kept from coming to his Exaltation before he be thrown out of his House viz. the Body of Man that so those parts of the Body which he hath weakned may be strengthened 2 Be the Dsease what it wil let your care be greater to fortifie the spirits than to overcome the Disease 3 Particular Diseases are expelled First By helping Nature with such Remedies as expel the Disease as Vomits Purges Medicines which provoke Urine and Sweating Medicines which strengthen case pain and please the Brain with sweet Smels Secondly Specifical Remedies appropriated to certain parts of the Body as Ceptralick Remedies in Diseases of the Head Ocular Remedies in Diseases of the Eyes Cordial Remedies in Diseases of the Heart Feavers and Pestilences Pectorals in Diseases of the Breast Stomachicals in Diseases of the Stomach and so likewise in all Diseases to have a special care of the Parts of the Body they afflict 4 In Diseases which afflict the whol Body generally and yet have their special fixed Roots as have most 〈◊〉 and Consumptions be sure you strengthen Nature first and if she want help help her afterwards 5 If the impurity of the Disease be violent as happens usually in Feavers and Inflamations you will make mad work if first you go to purge it out Concoct it first by 〈◊〉 Medicines and bring it into better manners and when you have altered the property of it then you may safely purge it out 6 Radical Impurities are removed by Resolution not by Concoction as in Chronical Diseases as in Falling-sickness Quartan Agues Chollick and 〈◊〉 In Diseases of Tartar as Dropsie Leprosie c. If you look to cure these by Concoction you may look till your Eyes drop out of your Head The God of Nature hath left in Nature certain Remedies which speedily cure them by Resolution Consumption and Destruction and these Physitians
are either Principal or arising from the Principal 2 Principal are either such as proceed from the Heart as the great Artery called Aorta or the Vessels of the Lungs which are 1 Aspera Arteria or the Wind-pipe 2 Venosa Arteria 3 Those which arise from the great Artery are two 1 The lesser Trunk ascending 2 The greater Trunk descending All the rest of the Arteries which are innumerable are branched from these two Veins 1 Veins are either Principal or arising from the Principal The Principal are 1 Vena Porta which is distributed in the inferior ventricle 2 Vena Cava by the branches of which all the Body is nourished Between the Branches of which and the Branches of the Vena Porta is no intermixture 3 The Arterial vein which is distributed only to the Lungs 2 Arising from the Principal are either from the Vena Cava or from the Vena Porta of which some are Christned some are not I would have said some have Names and some have none 3 The Branches of the Vena Porta that have Names are 1 Coronaria if my Author be not mistaken for I have a shrewd suspition Coronaria is a Branch of the Vena Cava It is that which nourisheth the Heart and is in form of a Crown from whence it takes its name It is a smal Branch which the Vena Cava sends to the Heart to nourish it after it hath passed the Pericardium The Vena Cava carrying Natural Blood to the Heart to be converted into vital Blood first nourishes the Heart that so it may be able to perform its Office Nature being none of Pharaohs Task-Masters that will not set the Heart to make Bricks but it will give it straw to burn them with 2 Cystica and if I be not mistaken this the vein that carries the Choller to the Gall. 3 Gastriea γαστὴς signifies the Belly 4 Epiplois 5 Gastroepiplois 6 Hemorrhoidalis 7 Meseraicks 8 The Sweetbread which it seems my Author takes for a vein Neither can our Chyrurgions at present living tell what the true use of it is Their general consent is That it keeps the vessels from being hurt by the Back-bone Give me leave to shoot my bolt a little and you know a Fools bolt is soon shot All late Anatomists hold First That the Original of the Meseraick or if you please the Lacteal veins is the Sweetbread Secondly All hold nemine contradicente that the Liver delights in sweet things Thirdly General consent of Physitians also agrees That the Meseraick veins carry the Chyle from the Bowels to the Liver These being taken pro confesso my own Opinion is That the Office of the Sweetbread is to give the Chyle a sweet tast that so the work of the Liver may be pleasant to it and not distastful 4 The Trunk of the Vena Cava is either Superior or Inferior 1 From the Superior arise many veins of note 1 Cephalica 2 Basilica 3 Mediana or the middle vein 4 Salvatella 5 Cornalis and there my Author hit the Nail on the head 6 Solitaria 2 From the Inferior the chief veins are 1 The Emulgent Veins 2 The Seminal Veins 3 Saphaena 4 Hip Veins 5 You have the Principal parts Secundum quid Less Principal are Ligaments and Muscles Ligaments 1 Very few Ligaments have proper names 2 Some belong to the Head of Man others to the Trunk and others to the Limbs 3 The Ligaments of the Head are such as either 1 Knit the Head with the Back-bone 2 Knit the Tongue to the Jaws and Oh what pity is it they did not knit it closer what a deal of mischief might then have been saved 3 Such as knit the uper Jaw to the lower 4 The Ligaments of the Trunk are such as knit the Members either internally or externally 5 The Ligaments of the Joynts are two-fold 1 Some knit the Bones together 2 Others imbrace the Tendons like a Ring 6 A Tendon is no hing else but the extremity of a Muscle by which it moves the Joynts Muscles 1 The Muscles in all the Body are in Number 395. according to my Author of which he saith some belong to the ventricles and others to the Limbs But according to Dr. Read they are but 270. Popular Applause sounds out the praise of Dr. Read in Muscles My Authors Works are sufficient to speak for him The Use which I shal make of it is only for Information to shew what an uncertain Master They say so is 2 The Ventricles have 181. Of which some are Superior others Inferior and a third sort Mean between them both 3 Superior are 95. Of which some belong to the Head in general others to certain parts 4 Those which belong to the Head in general are nine pair of which seven extend the Head and compass it about the other two bow it 5 The Muscles of the other parts are 86. wherof 1 The Ear hath ten saith my Anthor and Dr. Read is just of the same Judgment of which saith he there is four pair on the outside and two on the inside The truth is I could never see any at all perhaps the Reason is because I never wore Spectacles 'T is probable there may be two Muscles on the inside of the Ear but those eight on the outside the Ear came newly from Utopia in the good Ship called the Ignorance That Beasts move their Ears by a proper or voluntary motion is certain but that Men do unless they move Head and al I never yet saw and as little beleeve What an abominable Master is Tradition Who would have thought my Author Partlicius and old Alexander Reade should have been led by the Nose by him Because Asses move their Ears must al Men be Asses And now I have left my Author a little I care not if I leave him a little longer and shew you whence this Error sprung as also what it is First They say The external Muscles of the Ear are four pair 1 They coyn one pair and cal them Par Attollens and these they say lift-the Ears up but whether I know not unless it be upon the Pillory 2 Par deprimens and they pull them down but mine stick up stil and so do every honest mans 3 Par adducens and they move them forward 4 Par abducens and they pul them backward 'T is wel Democritus is dead or else he would have burst his heart with laughing at this and died no other death Secondly The internal Muscles of the Ear they say are two One inward and the other ontward And if there be any Muscles at al about the Ears these are probably like to be they We wil now shew you what may probably be the Cause of these Errors They thought Galen was a famous man and so he was and rather than they would make a famous man infamous they would be infamous themselves Reade confesseth the motion of the Ears is obscure and so indeed it is being clouded with a Mist of Ignorance 1
the Mouth are either Fleshy or Bony 6 The Fleshy parts are the Lips Tongue and Pallat the Gums Jaws Gurgulio Larynx and Tonsillae 7 The Bony parts are 32. Teeth of which the uper Jaw hath one half and the lower Jaw the other 8 The Cavities are three Conchola Labirinthus and Coclea 9 The Chin is that part where the Beard grows 10 Thus much for the parts without the Skul the parts within the Skul follow which are called Brain 11 Parts of the Brain are two Cerebrum and Cerebellum from both which arise the Marrow of the Back as also all the Nerves 12 The Parts of the Brain are 1 The Glandula Pituitaria 2 Fornix 3 Infundibulum 4 Nates and Testes 5 Pelvis 6 Penis 7 Plexus Choroides 8 Processus vermi formis 9 Rete Mirabile 10 Sella 11 Pia Mater 13 Thus much of the Head Now follows The Neck 1 The Parts of the Neck are Internal or External External are either before as the Throat or behind as the Neck The internal are The Wind-pipe and The Passage of Food 2 You have the Animal Ventricle or Superior part The Inferior follows Which is either The Trunk or The Limbs The Trunk containeth The Vital Ventricles Natural Ventricles The Middle or Vital Ventricle The Parts of the middle Ventricle are either External or Internal The External are either Before as the Breast or Behind as the Back 3 The parts of the Breast are either Fleshy as the Muscles the Breast and the Nepples or Bony as the Sternum and the Ribs or Skinny as the Pleura 4 The parts of the Back are the Shoulders the scapula the Back-bone the Vertebrae and the Marrow 5 The Interior parts of the middle Ventricle are the Involucra the Bowels and the Channels 6 The Involucra are the Pleura Mediastinum Diaphragma and Pericardium 7 The Bowels are two 1 Vital as the Heart 2 Spiritual as the Lungs 8 In the Heart are considerable 1 Two Ventricles the Right and the Left 2 Its Motion or Pulse 3 Two deaf Ears 4 Eleven Valvulae 5 The Coronal Vein 9 Parts of the Lungs are 1 The Lobi which are divided 1 Into Right and Left 2 Into Superior and Inferior 2 The Vessels which enter the Lungs and they are three 1 The Wind-pipe 2 The Venal Artery 3 The Arterial Vein 10 You have the middle Ventricle the lowermost yet remains The Lowermost or Natural Ventricle 1 The parts of the Lower Ventricle are either External or Internal 2 The External are 1 Behind as the Loyns and Hips 2 Before as the Belly 3 On the sides as the Hypochondria 3 The Loyns consist of five Bones under which the Kidneys are placed 4 The parts of the Hips are either Bony as the Hip bones Os Sacrum and Coccix or Fleshy as the Buttocks 5 The parts of the Belly are either Similar or Dissimilar 1 Similar as the Paeritoneum Omentum and Mesenterium 2 Dissimilar as Stomachalis the Navel and Abdomen 6 The Hypochondria are two the Right and the Left 7 You have the Exterior Part the Interior are the Bowels The Bowels serve either for Nourishment or Generation 8 Such as serve for Nourishment are either for Digestion or Evacuation For Digestion are 1 Such as belong to the first Concoction as the Tunicle of the Stomach Or 2 Such as belong to the second Concoction as the Liver 9 The Parts of the Ventricle are two the Tunicles and the Mouths 10 The Tunicles are in number three and the Mouths two 11 The Liver is placed in the Right Hypochondria under the Diaphragma Its parts are two 1 The Uper from whence ariseth the Vena Cava which carries the Blood to the Heart 2 The Inferior from whence ariseth the Vena Porta which carries the Chyle from the Bowels to the Liver Both these consist of red Flesh called Parenchyma throughout which the veins of the Liver are disseminated 12 You have the Digestive Bowels the Bowels dedicated to Evacuation follow which are the Gall Spleen Reins Bladder and Guts 13 The Channels of the Bladder are two the one of which is turned upwards the other downwards 14 The Reins or Kidneys are two placed under the Liver and Spleen and receive the watery Humor from the Liver by the Emulgent veins and having clarified it send it to the Bladder by the Ureters 15 In the Bladder consider 1 It s two Tunicles 2 Its Neck 3 Its Bottom 4 The Hairs which draw and retein the Urine 16. The Guts are either the uppermost and smal ones as the Duodenum Jejunium and Illium or else the lowermost and thick ones whose names are Caecum Colon and Rectum or the strait Gut 17 You have the Bowels dedicated to Nourishment Those which serve for Generation are either common to both Sexes or peculiar to one 18 Those which are Common both to Man and Woman are the Seminal Vessels as the Stones Parastatae and Pecten 19 The Testicles or Stones are two The Parastatae are two Vessels placed at the Mouth of the Pecten 20 The Peculiar Vessels to each Sex are In Men the Yard in Women the Womb and Matrix Of al these see more in my Directory for Midwives The Branches or Limbs 1 The Limbs are the Hands and Feet 2 The Hand is divided into the Arm the Cubit and the Hand it self 3 The Hand it self consists of many parts Carpus Metacarpus Nodi Vola Hypothener Palma Pecten five Fingers called by these Names 1 Pollex the Thumb 2 Index the Fore Finger 3 Medius the Middle Finger 4 Annularis the Ring Finger 5 Auricularis the Little Finger The Nails 4 Parts of the Feet are three the Thigh the Leg and the Foot 5 Parts of the Leg are two the Calf the Shin 6 Parts of the Foot are Talus Malleolus Calx Planta Dorsum Digiti Ungues In English thus The Ancle the Instep the Heel the top of the Foot the Sole of the Foot the Toes and the Nails Another Division of the Parts 1 Hitherto of the Parts as they are Similar or Dissimilar We shal now speak a word of them as they are Organical and so they are either more or less Principal and formed either of Blood or of Seed 2 The perfect Organical parts are two-fold Principal and Administring 3 The Administring are three-fold 1 Such without which the Action cannot be performed 2 Such by which the Action is performed better 3 Such by which it is performed safer 4 The Principal parts of the Body are four the Brain Liver Heart and Testicles The Administring are 1 The Nerves which administer to the Brain 2 The Arteries which administer to the Heart 3 The Veins which administer to the Liver 4 The Seminal Vessels which administer to the Stones 5 Less Principal are two fold some common to the whol Body others only to some particular part 6 Such as are common to the whol Body are Fat Flesh Cartilages Skin Ligaments Membranae Bones 7 Those which belong to some particular
c. VIII Pectorals as Scabious Orris c. IX Breeding Milk as 〈◊〉 Smallage c. X. Breeding Seed as Pease Beans c. XI Extinguishing Seed as Rue c. XII Helps Burnings as Plantane c. XIII Dissolves swellings as Marsh-Mallows Orris c. 18 You have the Manifest Qualities of Simples the Hidden Qualities follow 19 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 all the 〈◊〉 cannot tell what to make of only their Ancestors gave them with good 〈◊〉 They have nothing to say for the 〈◊〉 of them but only Tradition and by that they are led by the Noses as they use to lead Bears along the street And in so doing pray tell me how much they differ from Empericks 20 You have the common Altering Qualities the Proper follow as they are attributed to certain parts of the Body Such are Cephalick Pectorals Cordials Stomachicals Hepaticals Spleeneticals Nephriticals Histericals Arthriticals 〈◊〉 if a Man should write plain English they are such as are appropriated to the Head Breast Heart Stomach Liver Spleen Break the Stone Cherish the Womb and the Joynts 21 You have such as Alter those that Evacuate Chacochymia follow And they do it by a Quality either Manifest or Hidden 22 They which Evacuate by a Manifest Quality are either washing clensing or making slippery 23 They which Evacnate by a Hidden Quality as they cal it do it either Insensibly as Sweating or Sensibly and that either upwards as Vomiting or downwards as Purging by Urin or Stool 24 Purging is either Moderate or Strong and 〈◊〉 certain Humors as Choller 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Water 25 You have the Qualities of Simples conducing to Health those conducing to Ornament should follow which because they rather consist of Compounds than of Simples we wil refer them to their proper place 26 Thus have you the qualities of Simples considered in General what now remains but that we enquire after the Special Anatomy of 〈◊〉 27 In every Medicine we must consider its common Affections and its Species 28 It s Common Affections are either its Subject as the place of gathering and preserving of them or Adjunct as the time of gathering of them and the time of their durance 29 According to Species the Medicine is made either of simple bodies or of mixed Of simple Bodies as Fir Air Water Earth 30 Of mixt Bodies either such as have life and not sence or such as have life and sence Such as want sence are such as come out of the Sea or 〈◊〉 out of the Land as Mettals Plants and their parts Thus you have the Signatures of the 〈◊〉 which are no certainer than they should be The Signatures of Hermetical Phylosophers follow which if you try you shal find a little more certain LIB IV. The Signatures of Hermetical Phylosophers both Internal and External by which they find out the Vertues of things 1 A Signature is either Internal or External 2 External is that which shews the Efficacy of a thing and somtimes the Temperature 3 It contains 1 The Signatures of Men taken from other Living Creatures 2 The Signatures of Plants by their similitude to some part of the Body of Man 3 The Signatures of Diseases 4 Medicines which help by similitude 4 Internal Signature is the Principle Cause 〈◊〉 and Foundation shewing the Vertue and Efficacy of a thing and it is called Vital Essential and Formal 〈◊〉 or Anatomy 5 These Internal Principles are three Sal Sulpher and Mercury 6 In these three constituting and vertual Principles the qualities that is Tast Smel and Color are found not by imagination and guess only but in Reality and Truth namely The Tasts are most found in the Salt the Smel in the Sulphur and the Colors in the Mercury 7 These three are found in every Elementary Body These are the things that bring it forth and preserve it being brought forth By these it flourisheth and is furnished with divers Operations 8 None of these three Principles are found alone but doth partake of some of the other for Salt by the benefit of these two Salts Sal Nitre and Sal Armoniack contains in it self a certain Oyly substance and Mercurial The Sulphur retains a certain Salt substance and Mercurial And Mercury retains a certain Sulpurous and Salt substance but it retains the name of that which it partakes most of Now what Analogy there is of these three with our Body I shal open God willing more plainly when I come to our 〈◊〉 Harmony which I promised before 9 Thus you have the Remote Theorick of 〈◊〉 the Neer follows Tome I. Part V. Of that part of the Theorick of Physick which is called Pathologia 1 THE next part of the Theory of Physick is that which explaineth the Universal Constitution of Man 2 In every Constitution four things are to be considered 1 The Disposition of the part to act 2 The Action 3 The Cause of the Action 4 The Consequence of the Action 3 Every Constitution of the Body is included under these three Differences namely Good Bad or neither of them both 4 Health is Good Sickness Ill Neutrality neither of them both Therfore Medicine is the knowledge of things Healthful Unhealthful and Neuter 5 Healthful Unhealthful and Neutrality is taken three waies 1 As a Body 2 As a Cause 3 As a Sign 6 A Body is said to be Healthful that enjoyes 〈◊〉 Health The Cause of Health is that which either brings it or preserveth it being obtained A Healthful Sign is that which shews the Body to be in Health 7 An Unhealthful Body is that which is surprized with a Disease The Cause is that which causeth the Disease The Signs are 1 Such as shew the kind and greatness of the Disease and they are called Diagnostical Or 2 Such as shew the Event of the Disease and they are called Prognostical 8 Neutrality is when the Body is neither perfectly wel nor yet sick between which two Extreams is a great Latitude For when a Man begins to fail in performing his Actions before he fals absolutely sick it is called a Neutrality of sickness when a man begins to recover again it is called a Neutrality of Health 9 The Causes of this Neutrality are no way 〈◊〉 neither are the Signs absolutely Demonstrative 10 The knowledge of things Healthful is called Hygiena or Diet under which also the knowledg of things Neutral is comprehended The knowledg of things Unhealthful if you regard the 〈◊〉 is called Pathologie but if you regard the Practice 〈◊〉 11 Pethal gie is 〈◊〉 part of Medicine which explaineth 〈◊〉 against Nature 12 The 〈◊〉 which are against Nature in Man are 1 The Disease which consists in the parts 2 The Cause which consists in the things contained of which we 〈◊〉 before 3 The Symptomes which consists in the Functions and Operations of the 〈◊〉 13 The Common 〈◊〉 and Species are to be considered in Pathologie 14 The Common 〈◊〉 is that which unfoldeth the Accidents of the Disease 15 It is called 〈◊〉 and
and Pulses LIB II. Of the Doctrine of Pulses 1 PUlse hath his Original First From the Motion of the Heart Secondly Of the Arteries by Distention and Contraction which Physitians call Systolae and Diastolae and their use is to preserve Vital heat in the Body 2 In the Pulse are four things to be considered 1 The Reason and knowledg of them 2 Their Differences 3 Their Causes 4 Their Significations 1 The Reason of observing and knowing the Pulse 1 In this consider First The Precepts of Feeling the Pulse of which some concern the sick Body others the means of its cure Secondly The Principles which are necessary to distinguish the Pulse 2 The Difference of Pulses 1 Of Pulses some are absolutely 〈◊〉 others relatively such 2 Absolutely such are either Simple or Compound 3 Of simple are six kinds 1 In the quantity of Distention as great mean smal 2 In the quantity of the Force as vehement moderate weak 3 In Motion of Time as swift mean slow 4 In quantity of Time and Rest as often Mean seldom 5 In quantity of the Artery as soft mean hard 6 In perfusion of the Artery as full mean empty 4 Compound are such as consist of the mixture of some of these simples 5 Relatively such are reduced either to Order or Disorder Equality or In quality 3 The Causes of Pulses 1 The Causes of Pulses some are Primary 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Pulse some secundary changing and altering the Pulse 2 The Primary or Efficient Causes of the Pulse are 1 The Vital spirit either strong or weak 2 The Instruments are the Arteries either wide or narrow soft or hard 3 The use of the Pulse is the conservation of vital heat in the Body 3 The secundary causes which change the Pulse are 1 Natural as the Temperament Habit sex and age of the Body 2 Nor Natural as air meat and drink exercise and rest sleeping and watching fulness and emptiness and affections of the Mind 3 Things against Nature as Diseases and their symptomes 4 Prognosticks by the signification of the pulse 1 Greatness of the Pulse shews Heat 2 Vehemency shews strength of the Faculties 3 A weak Pulse shews weakness of Nature 4 Diseases of Love give an unequal and inordinate Pulse But herein let none mistake my Author for though Diseases of Love give alwaies such a 〈◊〉 it doth not therfore of necessity follow That such a Pulse alwaies shews Diseases of Love An Hermetical Consideration of the pulse 1 The Pulse is felt in five several places for it is not enough to feel it in the Wrest as Physitians now a daies do that care not how little they do for their money Let it be felt then first in the Hands and Feet then in the Breast then under the Armpits and last of all in the Temples If these agree together all wil go wel enough if not mind these things that follow 2 The Pulse hath four Vertues 1 Of Tartar which causeth a Pulse either hard circular or slow 2 Mineral which is either subtil or obscure 3 Of Health which is equal and mean 4 Of Disease which shews either Tartar or Mineral 5 Strange giving signs either of Heat or Coldness NOTE 1 When all the Pulse beat at one and the same time it is a laudible sign 2 Health is not only found out by the feeling of the Pulse but also by the color of them 3 When the Pulses are wel color'd it is a good 〈◊〉 Evil if discolor'd 4 When the place of the Pulse is hotter than the rest of the skin the Body is diseased 5 If the Pulse be Mineral put a little cold water upon the place and if the Pulse stop for a while it is a good sign 6 If the Disease come of heat of Blood you may know it thus Wet a piece of Silk in Role-water and lay it upon the Pulse that part of it upon the Pulse will sooner dry than the other part 7 If the Pulse be hard in one place and soft in another the Disease is Chronical 8 When the Body is near Death the Pulse is strongest in the Fore-head not so strong at the Neck weaker in the Hands and weakest of all in the Feet for the lower parts of Men die first 9 IN al Apoplexies the stronger the Pulse is the worse 10 In Frenzies Falling-sickness and Madness it is a good sign when the Pulse is the same out of the Fit that it is in the Fit 11 In Bloody Fluxes and all other Fluxes of the Belly though the Pulse remain as it did in Health give no credit to it for in such Diseases the Pulse remains til Death and somtimes a quarter of an hour after You have the Consideration of the Pulse The Consideration of the Urine follows LIB III. Of Vrine 1 URine is the Wheyish part of the Blood separated by the Vertue of the Reins 2 In it consider the Inspection Signification and Difference 3 In the Inspection of Urine consider the Acception and Caution 4 Cautions are 1 The Causes changing the Urine as Temperament Sex Age and Diet. 2 The Urines of Beasts or somthing else brought for the Urine of Men which is easily known by Smel The Significations and Differences of Vrine 1 It discovers the Constitution of the Parts by which it flows as the Reins Ureters Bladder and 〈◊〉 2 It shews the disposition which is in the Liver and Veins 3 It shews the disposition of those parts by which the peccant matter can be sent to the Veins or Urine 4 In Urine consider the Liquor it self and the things contained in it In the Liquor it self consider the substance quality and quantity 5 In the substance consider the Body and cleerness 6 The Body of the Urine is either 1 Thin in color white Saffron like Gold or Reddish 2 Mean of the color of Gold Saffron or reddish 3 Thick which is a Mixture of al colors and somtimes Oyly 7 The Perspicuity of the Urine is either cleer or troubled and it is of three sorts 1 Such as is cleer when 't is made and troubled afterwards 2 Such as is troubled when 't is made and cleer afterwards 3 Such as is troubled when 't is made and so continues 〈◊〉 The quantity of Urine is either Moderate Much or Little 9 The quality consists in smel or Color The smel of Urine is either sweet or stinking 10 In the Color consider the Causes and Difference 11 The Cause of the Color of Urine is the heat of the Bowels and mixture of other Humors and it is either white citrine subcitrine of the color of Gold or Saffron red and bloody green blue and black which is the worst of al. 12 Things contained in the Urine are either Essential or Accidental 13 Essential is 1 Towards the bottom of the Urine which being white light and equal is very good but being black is very bad 2 In the middle of the Urine which being white light and equal is indifferent if it
Manifold 2 Singular is either Simple or Compound Simple is either by it self or with company 3 Manifold is either Implicite Joyned or Disjoyned 4 Joyned is when the Effect of one is the Cause of another 5 Disjoyned are such as lie in 〈◊〉 parts 6 Implicite Diseases are when divers parts conspire together to afflict one Function as a Pleuresie and an Asthma both afflict the Lungues and by the Lungues the Breathing 7 The Substance of some Diseases is like a Tenant at will quickly removed the Cause being taken away as Feavers Others by tract of time are become Habitual to the Body as Hectick Feavers Diseases according to the Place 1 According to the Place they are taken either from the Subject or adjunct Those which are taken from the Subject are taken either from the Parts or from the Constitution of Man Those which are taken from the Adjunct are taken in respect of the Region and Air. 2 The Diseases of the Body are either Universal or Particular Universal as Feavers or Particular to some parts of the Body as pain in some particular Member c. 3 A Disease by reason of the Constitution of a Man is taken 1 From the Nature of the Man and so is more familiar to one Complexion than another 2 From the Age and so is most familiar to Child-hood Youth Manhood old age 3 From Sex and so is most familiar to Men or Women 4 In respect of the Region 1 Some are scattered up and down here and there and are called Sporadical 2 Others are Common and are called Pandemical 3 Some are proper to one place as Agues to Fenny Countreys and are called Endemical 4 Others rage at some particular times and are called Epidemical Diseases according to Time 1 They are taken in respect of the Time of the Disease or the Time of the Yeer 2 The time of the Disease is taken according to the parts of the Disease or the Disease it self 3 The parts of a Disease are the Beginning Encrease Station and Declination 4 The Disease it self is to be taken in respect of its Continuing 5 The Continuing of a Disease is either short Long or Chronical Short is either with danger or without danger and in both it is either very Acute or Acute and in these either Symply or by Degeneration 6. In respect of the Continuance of it it is either Continual or Intermitting 7 In both these consider their Beginning Encrease Station and Declination 8 In respect of time some Diseases are most frequent in the Spring some in Autumn some in Summer some in Winter Diseases according to Custom 1 They are taken according to the Nature or according to the Event of the Disease According to the Nature it is either Gentle or Malignant 2 According to Event it is either Healthful or deadly curable incurable or threatning relapse Diseases according to Magnitude 1 A Disease is either great or smal 2 A Disease is great either by it self or by accident By it sesf three waies 1 In respect of its kind proper Essence or Cause 2 In-respect of its active Power 3 In respect of its ill Conditions or ill Symptomes A Disease is great by Accident 1 In respect of the part afflicted if that be Noble as a Disease in the Head is greater than one of the Toe 2 In respect of the Faculty of the Body that is hurt by the Disease and so deprivation of Sences is greater than the Tooth-ach Diseases according to Cause 1 They are caused either Essentially or according to Consent 2 Some are inbred or Hereditary others not Hereditary but advantitious 3 Advantitious are of Blood Choller Flegm Melancholly and each of these are either Internal or External 4 Thus much of Nosologia in the General the Special follows 5 Special Nosologie is that which Numbers up al the special Diseases which afflict Nature 6 These arise either from Natural Causes or External 7 From Natural Causes are either Universal which occupy the whol Body as Feavers Or such as occupy only particular parts of the Body Of both which in order LIB VII Of Feavers A Feaver is a heat against Nature proceeding from the Heart to the rest of the Body 2 Its Considerations are 1 The common Affections namely the disposition of the Body and the Signs 2 The Differences of the Feavers 3 The Disposition of the Body is either Internal or External Internal in respect of Temperament Sex and Age. External in respect of Heat either of the Fire Sun or Bath drinking Wine use of Spice and hot Meats or heat of Air. 4 The Signs are General as swift Pulse and frequent heat of Body and failing of strength 5 The Differences of Feavers are taken 1 From the Quality of the Subject 2 From the Quantity 3 From the Essence 6 Feavers from the quality of the Subject are taken 1 From the Feeling as such as come with cold fits at the first or without cold fits 2 From the Sight as with red high color or swarthy color 3 From the Tast as such as proceed of salt Flegm 7 Feavers from the Quantity are either continually great mean or but light short or long most violent in the night or in the day 8 A Feaver from the Essence of the Subject is either common to al as Pestilential Feavers Or 9 Proper only to those that keep ill Diet. 10 A Pestilential Feaver is caused by breathing in a Venemous and Malignant Air. 11 The Causes of Feavers properly to be considered are 1 Of the Heart as a Hectick Feaver 2 Of the Spirits joyned to the Heart as one day Feaver 3 Of Humors joyned to the Heart as a continual Feaver 12 The Degrees of a Hectick Feaver are four A Consumption 1 Of the Fat of the Heart 2 Of the Moisture between the 〈◊〉 and the Heart 3 Of the strings of the Flesh consuming 4 Of the strings of the Flesh consumed and is called Marasmus And this is two fold First Of Cold and Driness as happens to all people that die with Age. Secondly Of Heat and Dryness which is contrary to Nature and the disease now mentioned 13 Feavers that have their Original from the Spirits are 1 One-day Feavers 2 Such as last three daies as Synochus non putrida 3 Such as encrease from the beginning to the end called Achmastica 4 Such as decrease from the beginning to the end called Parachmastica 5 Such as stand alwaies at one stay as 〈◊〉 14 Of the Humors ariseth Synochus or a continual Feaver either of Inflamation or Blood or Blood which is not putrefied or of Choller which is putrefied 15 A putrefied Feaver is either Primary or not Primary 16 Primary is either Continual or Intermitting 17 Continual is 1 Without Remission coming of thick Choller as a continual burning Feaver 2 With Remission which is 〈◊〉 ordinate or inordinate and so you have either a Remitting Quotidian Tertian or Quartan Feaver which are 〈◊〉 according as the Chollrer is in heat or thickness
Testicles a huge great fat Belly 12 Causes of Barrenness in Women are vices of the Womb vices of the 〈◊〉 of the Womb but usually in the Womb it self and that either in the Mouth of it or in the Substance of it 〈◊〉 In the Mouth of it being either too wide or weakned by some violent 〈◊〉 or filled with moist Excrements or shut by some scar or excrescence of Flesh or compressed by fatness of the Belly Secondly The vices of the substance of the Womb are hardness weakness or cold and moist distemper The Afflictions of the Habit of the Body The Air too much grossness or slenderness weariness stifness too much too little or corrupt sweat pain in the Fleshy parts of the Body and in the Joynts bunches You have the internal Afflictions the external follow LIB IX Of External Afflictions 1 OF External Afflictions are two kinds for some cause Deformity some other vices 2 Deformity is either in the Hair or in the Nails or in the Skin 3 Of the Hair when there is too much too little or none at al when 't is tangled when it curls too much or not at al or is too hard too soft or not of the color you would have it 4 The default of the Nails are when they are loose too long or too thick or too thin or spotted or slit 5 Deformities of the skin are in Certain parts or in Incertain In Certain parts are in parts that have Hair or else in the Face or Hands 6 In places that have Hair is Dandriff 7 In the Face are Wrinkles Sunburning Freekles 8 The Hands are scaly hard chopt 9 The Incertain parts are Deformities of the Skin roughness the marks of Womens Longings 10 Spots are either originally as Molds or else Tetters Ringworms bitings of Fleas or Lice Itch Scabs c. 11 Thus much of Deformity Other Afflictions follow 12 Swellings are either with pain or without pain 13 With pain are either Tumors or Pustules 14 Tumors are either primary or secundary 15 Primary are those that have their Original from collections of Blood as Erisipelas and Cancer 16 Collections of Blood are caused either by Inflamation or Bruises Inflamation is greater or lesser The greater Inflamation is that which occupieth either Incertain parts or Certain 17 Inflamation occupying certain parts is either in the Glandulae or in the Joynts 18 An Inflamation occupying Incertain parts is either Simple or Compound 19 They are called 1 Phlegmon of Blood 2 Erisipelas of Choller 3 Oedema of Flegm 4 Schyrrus of Melancholly 5 Flatuosus of Wind. 6 Varicosus which is somtimes of the Spirits somtimes of the Humors somtimes of both 20 Phlegmon is either 1 Phygithlon Emunctory Tumors inflamed 2 Bubo Or a swelling in the Groyn which is either Venereal Malignant or Pestilential 3 Phyma A Pustule or Boyl 4 Forunculus A Felon or Andicom 5 Anthrax A Carbuncle 6 Gargarion The Uvula inflamed 7 Paristhma The Tonsilla inflamed 8 Anurisma An Artery dilated 9 Gangraena An Inflamation not mortified 10 Sphacelus An Inflamation mortified 21 Erispelas is either 1 Herpes Miliaris Exedens Formeca Pustles that eat 2 Phlictenae Blisters 3 Epinictides Night Galls 4 Hydrea Blue Pustules 5 Dracunculus Crimson Veins 22 Oedema is either 1 Atheroma A soft tumor in the Head with Matter and without pain 2 Steatoma with matter and hardness like Grease 3 Melicerus with gravelly hard matter 4 Hydrocele of watery Rupture 5 Dropsies 6 Scrophulus the Kings Evil. 7 Bronchocele a great tumor about the Throat 8 Hydrocephalea a watery humor in the Head 23 Schyrrus is either 1 A Cancer ulcerated or not ulcerated 2 Elephantiasis a Leprosie 3 Psora dry Scabs or Itch. 4 Enchymoma Bruises black and blue spots 5 Sarcosele Fleshy Rupture 6 Polipus Spungy Flesh growing in the Nose 7 Verrucae Warts 1 Acrocordones hanging by a string 2 Mermeciae sticking in the Flesh. 8 Cornua Corns on the Feet 9 Callus on the Hands 24 Flatuosus is either 1 Priapismus a continual standing of the Yard 2 Timpanites a Dropsie of wind 3 Hernia ventosa a windy Rupture 25 Varicosus is either 1 Vitiligo Morphew 2 Exanthemata smal Pox and Measles 3 Parotides Tumors behind the Ears 4 Mentagra Scabs on the Chin. 5 Bubonocele a Rupture in the Groyn 6 Arthritis all Gouts as 1 Chyragra the Hand Gout 2 Sciatica the Huckle-bone Gout 3 Genugra the Knee Gout 4 Podagra the Foot Gout 26 Solutions of Unity follow which are either Ulcerations or Wounds 27 Thus much for Sporadical Afflictions which arise from Natural and divers other Causes Those follow which come from external and certain Poysons or abuse of Good Remedies So Coriander Seeds being unmeasurably taken cause hoarsness of voyce and madness which of the two is the worst So Saffron if it be immoderately taken kils the Heart with laughing Pandemical Afflictions 1 Pandemical or Common Afflictions are such as invade men universally and they are either Enmical or Epidemical Endemical are proper to the Place Epidemical to the Time 2 Endemical Diseases by a certain perpetuity are addicted to certain Places Regions and Cities as Agues to the Fenny Countries in England 3 Epidemical Diseases rage at some particular times as Pestilences smal Pox c. LIB X. Of the Pathologie of Hermetical Phylosophers 1 IT is of smal Moment and not worth distinguishing between the Disease the Causes and Symptomes for the Cause the Disease and the Symptomes differ not in property but only in power and act as a Physitian that is asleep differs from one that is awake and as Sulphur kindled differs from Sulphur not kindled and as Salt dissolved differs from Salt not dissolved and as Mercury sublimated differs from Mercury not sublimated 2 The Roots of Diseases lie hid in the Body which being in time separated exalted and kindled produce the Disease and change of the Pulse 3 For in Agues the Root of the Disease is in the Body in the intermission of the fit though the Heart be not over-heated Also in Falling-sicknesses the Root of them lies in the Body though there be a months difference between the fits 4 Paracelsus teacheth That a Disease is a Substance and declares it by an Example as in the yellow Jaundice the Center of which is in the Gall yet it brings no harm to the man while it is in his Center til it be diffused in the Body among the Blood 5 Hermetical Phylosophers consider here only two things namely the Original of the Disease and the Difference 6 The Opinion of Alchymists concerning the Original of Diseases is two-fold One of the Ancient and another of the Modern which latter seems to be the truest 7 Ancient Hermetical Phylosophers referred the Original of Diseases to the Seed of them even as Plants arise from their own seeds so do also Diseases from their specifical and peculiar seeds in the Body of Man 8 For as the beginnings of all Natural things proceed from