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A00291 The English farrier, or, Countrey-mans treasure Shewing approved remedies to cure all diseases, hurts, maimes, maladies, and griefes in horses: and how to know the severall diseases that breed in them; with a description of every veine; how, and when to let them blood, according to the nature of their diseases. With directions to know the severall ages of them. Faithfully set forth according to art and approved experiment, for the benefit of gentlemen, farmers, inholders, husbandmen, and generall for all.; Verie perfect discourse, and order how to know the age of a horse, and the diseases that breede in him, with the remedies to cure the same L. W. C. 1639 (1639) STC 10410; ESTC S109988 27,722 64

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ful soone after follow if the greater care be not taken to hinder and preuent the same Chap. 8. How to judge of the sicknesses or impediments in a horse by his Stale or Vrine IF he shall find his water to be either pale whitish or yellow not much unlike to the colour of Whey or fat Amber or if it be not very cleare but smelleth somwhat strong let the ferrier then be confident the horse is not sicke but sound and healthy and in perfect state of body but if his Vrine be extreame cleare and white and of the colour of Rock-water and withall slimy then hath he a taint in his Kidneis Reines or back or else he enclineth to the stone or else he hath som stoppage in his Kidneys But if his water be high coloured like to the colour of strong Beer then is it a token the blood of the horse is enflamed and that he is subiect to a Feauer or to some strong Surfet but if it be red and of the colour almost of blood then is the blood more inflamed which came of ouer hard riding which may prone very dangerous to his life But if it be of a pale greenish colour thick and viscous then certainely his Backe is growne weake and he is in danger of a Consumption of his Steed But if it be high coloured and nebuled or mixed with small Clouds with a kind of blacknesse therein then this doth demonstrate ensuing sicknesse and death if it be not carefully preuented But if the Nebulosity be dispersed into seuerall parts and not combined as it were into on Masse or Body this then argueth that the malice of the disease beginneth to depart whereby the Ferrier may haue great hope of the health of the Horse Chap. 9. A discription of the number quallity and measure of the sinewes of a horse IT behooueth vs also to describe vnto you the number quality and measure of the sinewes of a horse From the ●…id nostrils vp to the top of the head and so downe along the backe euen to the crooper comes it great cords or tendons euery one xii foote long Th●n is there two branches and principall sinewes of the braine containing foure foote Then from the shou●ders to the nex● io●…t downwarde two great sinewes or tendons And from that ioynt downe to the pastorns foure great s●newes Also in the forepart and about his brest aswell within ●…s without are x. sinews and as many in his hinder parts Then from the reynes of his backe vnto his stones are foure so that in his whole body he hath in all foure and thirty apparant sinewes Chap. 10. Of the three powers or vertues whereby as well the body of a horse as every other beast is governed THe powers and vertues whereby the body of euery beast is gouerned are in number thrée that is to say the power Animall the power Vitall and the power Naturall The power Animall is a vertue incident to the braine which through the sinewes c●mming like conduite pipes from the braine distributeth féeling and moouing to all the parts of the body The power Vitall is a vertue belonging to the heart which giueth life and spirite to all the body and to euery parte thereof by meanes of the arters which also like conduit pypes doe procéede from the heart the chiefe fountaine of naturall heate The power Naturall is a vertue properly appertaining to the liuer which giueth nutriment vnto all the body and to euery part thereof by meanes of the veins which like wise procéed from the liuer like conduit pips carying the blood from the liuer which is the fountaine of bloud vnto euery part of the body Moreouer the power naturall comprehendeth foure other vertues that is to say the vertue attractiue whereby it draweth sustinance méet to nourish the body then the vertue retentiue whereby it retaineth and kéepeth the sustinance receiued thirdly the vertue digestiue whereby it digesteth the same and finally the vertue expulsiue whereby it expelleth excrements or superfluitys Thus you sée that the thrée powers before recyted be of no small importance and therefore the Ferrer had néed to haue a speciall regard vnto them For if any of them fayle the beast cannot liue Chap. 11. Of the number and situation of bones that be in a horses body EUery Horse or Oxe hath in the vpper part of his head two bones and from his forehead vnto his nostrills other two Also two nether Iawe bones and of téeth in all to the number of xl that is to say of Iaw téeth or side teeth xxiiii of tushes xiii of fortéeth otherwise called the shearing téeth xii The ioynt bones aswel of the necke as of the backe be in all twenty two that is to say from the head to the withers vii and from thence to the reynes or kidneys viii and from thence to the tayle seauen then is there the great broad hinder bone called the sacred bone which hath xii seames or ioyntures Also in the horses shoulder be two great bone called the spade bones and from thence to the forcelles or Canell bones other two bones and from thence to the first ioynt aboue the legges other two and from thence to the knees two called the thigh bones and from thence to the pastornes other two called the shanke bones and from thence downward to the hooues be in all xvi little bones Then there is a great bone in his brest wherevnto are fastened xxvi ribbes And to the Col●…elle behinde be two bones and from the mo●ayrs to the ioints other two and also two towards the ribbes From the bending of the hough vnto the legge are two small bons and from the legge to the two feciles of the legge other two little bones and from the pastorns to the hooue sixteene little bones The summe of all the bones is one hundrad threescore and ten Chap. 12. In what points the art of shooing doth consist and of hooves and of divers kinds thereof THe Art of shooing consisteth in these points that is to say in paring the hooue well in making the shooe of good stuffe in well fashoning the webbe thereof and well piercing the same in fitting the shooe vnto the horses foote in making nayles of good stuffe and fashoning of the same and finally in well driuing of the said nayles and clenching of the same But sith neither paring nor shooing is no absolute thing of it selfe but hath respect vnto the foot or hooue for the shooe is to be fitted to the foot and not the foote to the shooe and that there be diuers kinds of hooues both good and bad requiring great diuersity as well of paring as shooing Of hooues some be perfect and some be voperfect The perfect Hooue is that which is round smooth and short so as the Horse may treade more on the Toe than on the Heele and also right and somewhat hollow within but not ouer hollow haueing a narrowe frush and broade Heeles The vnperfect Hooue
I B The 2 temple v The 2 eye v The 2 forhead v The 2 pallet v The 2 necke ve The 2 plate ve The 2 fore shanke ve The 2 side ve The shanke ve The houfe v The hanch ve The taile ve THE English Farrier OR Countrey-mans Treasure Shewing approved Remedies to cure all Diseases Hurts Maimes Maladies and Griefes in Horses and how to know the severall Diseases that breed in them with a description of every Veine how and when to let them blood according to the nature of their Diseases With directions to know the severall Ages of them Faithfully set forth according to Art and approved experiment for the benefit of Gentlemen Farmers Inholders Husbandmen and generally for all At London printed by John Beale 16●● The Contents Chap. 1. How and when a horse should be let blood by what signe a man may know whether it bee needfull or no. Chap. 2. In how many Veines a horse may be let blood with a description of the severall Veines Chap. 3. Directions to know when to let a Horse blood and in what Veine and for what disease griefe or cause and how to know the griefe or disease Chap. 4. How to know the Age of a Horse Chap. 5. Things necessary to be knowne by every Farrier Chap. 6. To know the severall Diseases that grow in Horses and in what parts they grow and upon what causes Chap. 7. How to judge of the sicknesses and impediments in a horse by his Doung or Ordure Chap. 8. How to judge of the sicknesses or impediments in a Horse by his Stale or Vrine Chap. 9. A description of the number qualities and measure of the Sinews of a Horse Chap. 10. Of the three powers or vertues whereby as well the body of a Horse as every other beast is governed Chap. 11. Of the number and situation of bones that be in a Horses body Chap. 12. In what points the art of shooing doth consist and of hooves and of the divers kinds thereof Chap. 13. Of paring and shooing the perfect hoove and fore-feete and how to make the shooes and nayles Chap. 14. Of paring and shooing the hinder feet Chap. 15. How to keepe the hoove of a horse moyst in the Stable and the Receit of the oyntment Chap. 16. Approved Remedies for curing all kindes of Diseases Hurts Maymes Maladies or Griefes in Horses THE English Farrier OR Countrey-mans Treasure Chap. 1. How and when a horse should be let blood and by what signe a man may know whether it be needfull or no. FIrst to preserue health it is good to let him blood foure times a yeere First in the Sprng about the beginnng of May because the blood beginneth to increase Secondly in September because the blood beng then inflamed inequally may euaporate or breake out Thirdly about the middest of December to let out the grosse and knotty blood Fourthly about the middest of March. But I would not wish you to let a horse blood but once a yeare that in the beginning of May within a fortnight after his putting to grasse for then you shall let out the grosse and old blood and the new will come in his place Except it be vpon great need I would wish you not to let him blood at all for oft letting blood causeth debility in the horse it hindreth the sight and maketh the blood resort inwardly which cloyeth the heart and intrals and leaueth the outward parts destitute Chap. 2. In how many Veines a horse may be let blood with a description of the severall Veines IN the two Temple Veines which bee the first and principall Veines in the head In the two Eye veines which are easie to find in the face of the horse somewhat beneath his eies In the two Pallet veines in the Mouth In the two Necke veines In the two Plate veines which are in the breast In the two Fore-head veines In the two Fore-shanke veines In the two Fore veines before In the two Side veines which may be called the Shanke veines In the Taile-veine In the Hanch-veine In the Hoofe-veine In the two Fore shanke veines behind So that an horse may be let blood in 13 veins All which are easie enough to know because every one lyeth in a little Gutter which you shall find by feeling with your finger Chap. 3. 〈◊〉 to know when to let a horse blood and 〈◊〉 what Veine and for what disease griefe or 〈◊〉 and how to know the griefe or disease I B The 2 temple v The 2 eye v The 2 forhead v The 2 pallet v The 2 necke ve The 2 plate ve The 2 fore shanke ve The 2 side ve The shanke ve The houfe v The hanch ve The taile ve If his eies be watrish or bloud-shotten or grieued with Pin or web or haw then it is good to let him blood in the Eye veine with a fleme If he haue any wearinesse or heauines of body or be diseased in the throat with the stranglings or Quinasie or swelling of the Arteries either within or without then it is good to let him blood in the Pallat veines in the mouth with a Cornet If he be vexed with an Ague or with any other disease vniuersall hurting his Body then let him blood in the Necke-veine● If his griefe be in the Lungs Liuer or any other inward part then let him bloud in the brest veines which we call before the Plate veines If he be grieued in the shoulders then let him blood in the fore-féete veines aboue the knee with a launce and that very warily for that place is full of Sinewes If hee be grieued in the Ioynts then let him blood in the Shackle-veines and that very warily for that place is full of Sinewes also If he be foiled in the fore-feet with Foundring or otherwise then let him blood in the two veins make way first with your drawer to come to your veines in the Fore-feete If he be diseased in the Kidnies or Reines Backe or Belly then let him blood in the Flank-veines If he haue any griefe in his hips then let him blood in the taile vaine or hoofe veine If his hinder Legges be grieued or Ioynts or Feete then let him blood on the Shackle-Veins and on the two veines behind on the hinder Feete Chap. 4. How to know the age of a Horse A Horse hath forty teeth the thirtieth moneth after his foaling he looseth two aboue and two beneath in the fourth yeere he looseth two aboue and two beneath when he is fiue he casteth all the rest both aboue beneath Those that come first aboue are hollow when he is six his hollow teeth are filled vp and in the seuenth all the rest are filled vp then you may no longer iudge of his age by his teeth Chap. 5. Things necessary to be knowne by every Far●ier AS first to know into what disease a horse is inclinable Secondly what be the causes of euery disease in particuiar