act contrary to the rules of nature and have unnatural effects The one again being either alimentary proper for life and growth of the body the other excrementitious more proper for cleansing its sinks and channels As the Humour is so also is generally seen its Colour for as Blood is of a pure florid rosy colour so doth it give colour to the Muscles It is this that graceth the cheeks by affording them a a share of its redness and as it is made of Chyle and Blood so also doth it send forth its white and red and by how much the red exceedeth the white by so much are the Muscles more red than the Skin Choller is citrine and yellow thin and griping and as the four Humours do work man into a good humour so this burneth him into a passion it gives a lively paint of its colour in the Jaundies Flegm is white and washy and so are they that have too much of it being very cold and subject to Oedematous Tumours Dropsies and Agues Melancholy is black and masketh the whole body with an Ashy colour this is long and tedious in executing its office it being the most heavy an dsad part of the blood but at length bringeth forth the terrifying Scrophula Corroding Cancer Scirrhous Tumours Quartane Agues and the like and we daily find when it hath hatched them up to any growth it is very long if ever before it be made to part with them Besides these there are two others one a serous Humour which serveth as a vehicle to the blood ordered by nature for thinning it that it may pass to its smallest capillary vessels Part of this is sucked up by the kidneys where having made a short stay it maketh its further progress into the bladder and there remains whilst it be loaded the which being therewith filled is let out as useless and unprofitable Besides these comes Wind taking its circuits and turns and in our bodies is occasioned and bred by ill digestions crudities and wind the former making watery Tumours whilst this maketh slatuous Tumours But that we may well understand the foundation of these Humours let us examine from whence they are bred and whence they come 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Blood as it is the cheifest and of the greatest service for life so ought this to take the preheminency in our discourse It is made from the temperate part of chyle in the stomack sent through the small guts into the milky vessels in the mesentery whereby nature hath ordained it a Receptaculum commune being here planted by Divine Providence as a bag for reserve for the most part full from whence passeth this chyle along the great Artery just by it untill it reacheth the Subclavian vein from thence it marcheth into the right ventricle of the heart by the vena cava and from hence is carried into the left ventricle of the heart by the Arteria venosa from the lungs and is there elaborated and made pure blood sweet of taste and florid in colour mild and benign This sanguification is a similar action and performed by assimulation and therefore taketh this chyle aforesaid as its subject matter for this assimulation and as they dewell together so do they assimulate together and this is done by process of time never passing to the liver as the Ancients dreamed for the chyle seldom or never reacheth it This blood as the vital liquor is sent through the whole body by its veins and arteries as its proper trunks and channels And although at its first appearance it sheweth it self pure and free yet hath it alwaies these three Humours adjoined to it as three several substances as Choller Flegm and Melancholy distinguishable one from another not only in taste sapour or colour but also in their effects for as Galen observeth lib. de natur homin the melancholy humour is acid choller bitter blood sweet and flegm having little or no tast and out of those being benign and pure is bred Scirrhus Erisipelas Phlegmon Oedema It is hot and moist which are the two species of its natural and unnatural temper and as Gal. lib. de Atra bile cap. 2. it is of a very red colour in its humour and is made of the best of juices and so bred from the best of tempers made by a temperate heat and those are its natural tempers As of its unnatural its proper substance is changed as its thinner part converted into Choller as Gal. 2. de Differ where he saith the thinner part is converted into yellow choller whilst the thicker turneth into melancholy Next to this is choller called by the greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it being a humour hot bred out of the thinner and hotter part of the chyle and blood It hath but few spirits somewhat of Sulphure in it most of Salt and Earth It s parvity of spirits are evident in that it is of its own nature bitter neither hath it in it any great quantity of Sulphure for if we view its masse carefully it being neither Oleaginous or pingued neither doth it soon take fire yet it taketh Sulphure in it being principally exalted by adustion whence it bred this bitterness and although its salt excelleth in quantity yet doth it not gain preheminence It s flegmatick watery substance doth enlarge its liquid faculty its earthly parts thickeneth it and gives it the body it bears its heats and driness are sufficient signs of its being an enemy to the radical moisture and so unfit for nutriment that it is declared by all to be excrementitious This heat is the manifest cause of its bitterness made by a perpetual digestion of the blood thus milk unless oft times stirred in its boiling soon burneth and turneth bitter and as from heat and motion do colours change from white into red as Quinces being pale by boiling gain a red colour and chyle turned into blood by circulation and heat so also choller is as readily discharged of its first taste by adustion and perpetual digestion As to its uses Aristotle will grant it no waies useful Coryngius and some others do as much cry up its value offering that it serveth to warm the liver and to help digestion Helmontius calls it the balsom of the blood deduced from the liver to the mesentery but this is contrary to Anatomy for Anatomy teacheth that this humour is carried out from the liver not brought into it but onely sucked up by the Parenchyma thereof as through a strayner Others there are also as Zerbus amongst the rest that offer that if the bladder or gall be removed from the liver the substance of the liver would soon be dissolved and melted And to conclude this it s most proper use is to render the excrements fluxile The third is Flegm by the Greeks called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and this also is of two sorts natural and not natural The natural humour is cold moist crude in substance white in
In the middle Region you have natures most curious cabinet wrought with various Roomes wherein are lockt up the vital Treasury the wheels and Instruments whereby the watch of our life is alwaies kept in motion from our first hour to our last minuit Here dwels the kingly heart the great master of courage and warrior exercising its nectarean faculties by giving life and vigor by its vivifying and quickning heat and as the Sun in its Caelestial Sphere yeilds lusture and beauty by its motion and light so also is our heat light life and motion upheld propagated and preserved by the heat and motion of the heart This part is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from a word which signifies to leap it s called Cor à Currendo it being ever in motion it hath Lungs allowed it for tempering its heat and fanning its fervency here 's also a Diaphragma distinguishing or separating the instruments of nourishment from those of life being as a muscle most different from all others Its Sides and Ribs are guarded with a Pleura inward bred of spermatick fibres this serves for keeping the lungs from being intangled with the ribs besides these is a Mediastinum framed as a partition wall or thick hedg dividing this trunk in the middle this keeps the heart up from falling Thus may you see how serviceable every part is for performing its office and service to the heart as its Prince and at the first view we might well conjecture that this might be framed with safety being the only and main Engin of life But this also suffers its gloominess and takes shares with all its parts of sicknesses and diseases How oft have we seen this Prince of life which bestowed its vigorous influences to the body as the Sun doth to Plants to be ecclipsed by a cloudy slegmatick excrescensy this watch furred and run into dissolution by Dropsy Worms and insects Is there not seen Tartarous stones as well as coagulated slegm the one endeavouring to dissolve this princely pallace whilst the other stop its channels to suffocation do not wounds and Apostems suddenly happening here as speedily put out this candle of life Is not this princely palace oft parcht by Fevers surrounded with Agues stormed with Cardiacal Syncopes washt away with the inundations of strange Dropsies poysoned with malign fevers obstructed by flegm are not its flabellums burnt up by inflammation consumed by Asthmaes and Empyemaes rotted by ulcers turned into wash-pools by Dropsies is not here a lung oft times converted into purulent matter and an Asthma into a Squinsey are not our sides pricked with a pleurisy troubled with a Peripneumony These and many others take up their Quarters here and although Physick and Chirurgery have the two substantial leggs of experience and Reason to defend them yet the great knowledge hereof must come from that great Doctor who hath Heaven for his chair and the Earth for his foot-stoole Thus have I carried you through the fortunes and misfortunes of his middle Region We arrive now to his lower and 3d room his natural part and here have we most exactly represented the Liver with its interwoven distributions of the vena porta and vena cava with the vesica fellea and its several capillary vessels with its meatus cisticus its porus biliarius and ductus communis framed from the separation of the gall or bilious humor from the blood and conveying it into the intestines and here also may we see the Almighty disposing variety of Organs for diversity of uses and for its outward guard you may see it furnished with a fleshy Armour made of muscles under it the two Spermatick coats of the Peritonaeum the enwrapping and keeping warm the parts within these being laid bare may we meet with a crisped kell with its curled veins covering the bottom of the stomack and keeping it warm under this lies the strange Series of Intestines strangely wheeled about contrived with much Art and framed with variety of circles here lodged for sending forth with more expedition the excrements from the body to see such a length of intestines contracted about such a small mesentery as it appears in its natural sight may well challenge the greatest of admiration how finely checquered with white purple veins ordered for conveighing its chyle and keeping it warm by its blood already made and elaborated here is also a Pancreas tied to the guts as a pillow to prop and keep up the veines arteries and nerves as well as a juice to help forward expulsion here also is placed the spleen ordered to help forward concoction furnished with arteries for drawing away its most feculent blood to ventilate the natural heat of the spleen and to invite a vital faculty to it here also are planted the kidneys ordered for expulsion and avoiding of exerementitious wheyish matter the which being altogether unprofitable for nourishment is sent from thence by the ureters into the bladder and by the good laws of nature is here also placed the bladder ordered as a Receptacle of this urine the which for a time it retaineth and being therewith overloaded doth exonerate it self thereof Thus have I shown you through all the Rooms of Nature's lower Region where you have seen how every part is imploied whilst it enjoies its true function but these also are robbed of their excellencies taken off from their offices deprived of their faculties and laid open to the enemy by diseases troubles wounds and Tumours Stones and Dropsies thus may we see the Peritoneal spermatick sibres extended by Dropsies the Kell burnt up and parched in long and tedious distempers distorted and disaffected by instammations and Ruptures the Intestines blown up and swelled with Collicks pursed up and convolved by Iliacks torn and lacerated with Herniaes wounded and pierced with fistulaes the Liver the magazine of blood inflamed its trunks and channels obstructed by varices and melanchollick feces hindred in its actions and motions by Tumours the spleen suffer scirrhous tumours and obstructed with excrementitious blood the kidneys fretted with gravel inflamed by pain tormented with stones and ulcers closed up by obstructions and Trychiacis its pipes stopped by flegm stones or gravel the bladder suffer resolution and that which was made the receptacle of urine oft times proving the receptacle of stones and gravel perplexed with Ischuries and Dysuries pissings of blood preternatural tumours abscesses Ulcers Caruncles and the like Thus have I given you a short survey of the inward parts their beauty splendor and formes to which also are added their various sicknesses pains and diseases and may we expect in reason that the outward Coffin or Chest may fare better and be more free from diseases than these No sure where the Jewels are lodged there generally are held the security for as poor man is subject to outward storms and winds so may we as readily find him as capable to receive the impress and stamp of diseases In his face we
colour and sometimes sweet in taste that also properly said to be unnatural which is void of these and hence doth it take its several names as that generally caled a thin serious Flegm which is endewed with a waterish or windy substance that called thick and glassy which is thick viscous and mucilaginous and growing harder gets the name of glassy flegm if it putrify and corrode it is called salt eruginous and corrosive flegm Again â—legm is said to be natural being made in the blood not well digested and hence Aristotle the 6. Top. saith flegm is the first of indigestions coming from meats and Gal. 2. de different feb cap. 6. whatever humour in our body is cold and moist this we call flegm Avicen Prima Primi numbreth up 8 kinds of unnatural flegm We may well consider it in respect of its sapour and of its substance of its sapour and here are three differencies salt sweet and sowr and its insipidness may come in as well but in respect of its substance there may be four coupled to the former and these will make up Avicens 8. Every nutrition is as an assimulation which nourisheth that by which it is nourished and as melancholy nourisheth the melancholly parts so do flegm the articulations and as this is a cold and flegmatick humour yet in process of time it is digested and made blood held by some yet this generation is not to be allowed reciprocally for cold cannot be made by heat the humours by nature being rightly disposed therefore neither can flegm be made of blood and so will its generation prove it self no waies reciprocal We come now to melancholy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is said to be either natural or not natural That natural which is the faeces or sediment of the blood or the thicker part thereof whose colour is black its taste sowr and sharp generated for nourishing the melancholy parts The not natural which wholly doth degenerate from its own nature it is a cold and dry humour arising out of the thicker part of the chyle whose species are four First that is properly called a melancholy humour in whose proper substance the blood is burnt and made putrid and hereby is made Bilis nigra which is acid and being poured on the ground like vinegar riseth and bubbles up The second is black choller made out of the adustion of the other humours The third species is unnatural arising with a lapidous concretion The fourth is when other humours are mixt with this for then it puts it into its own bitter frame and makes it a part of erosion Gal. 2. de Temperament cap. 3. saith the blood is the best of all juices and that this is as its sediment And 3 de Prognost here he telleth us it hath a double generation one arising from thick blood being as the lees of wines setling in the bottom the other from yellow choller being much burnt which passeth through and burns its parts The natural is the faeces of good blood and a superfluity being compared with the blood This unnatural is not as an Hypostasis and faeces but more like a coal or cinder Helmontius calleth the place which is generally reputed to lodg this humour the immediate Organ of the sensative soul of understanding venery sleep of various diseases but these are merae nugae but according to our later Anatomists it is held to serve for other uses that it may prepare an acid juice for the fermentation of the whole masse of blood and chyle and this acid part of the blood it draweth from the heart and sends it prepared to the mesentery that thereby the remaining part elaborated from the liver may be more pure and perfect as Wallaeus observeth and therefore as the bladder of gall is appointed by nature to be as a proper receptacle of choller strained in thither by the Parenchyma of the liver so is this settled and perfected in the spleen by which the spleen it self is made of a blackish blewish colour and is acid This acid humour mixeth it self with the blood both with the vessels and chyle in the stomack and so rendreth them more thin for may we not oft find the spleen being obstructed that thick humours do course about our bodies not because these thick humours are drawn from the spleen but because it cannot communicate its attenuating acid humour to thâ— blood and chyle and whatsoever of this acid humour is unfit for nutrition it is sent out and discharged with the serum by urine And having given you this general draught of the four humours and shown you whence they are made and for what use how natural and not naturâ—l I will now show their several natures consistencies colours tasts and uses in this one following Scheme A Particular Scheme of Humours showing their several  Nature Consistence Colour Taste Use Blood is As the Air Hot and moist It is of a mean consistence being neither to thick or too thin Red and Rosey Sweet and Benign It nourisheth the fleshly parts and sendeth forth its heat and warmth through the whole body Flegm is Like Water Cold and moisâ— Of a Liquid Consistence White and Shining Sweet or Insipid This serves the Brain the cold and moist parts it being most properly Ordered here Choller is Resembling Fire Hot dry Of a Thin Consistence Pale and Yellow Bitter and Felleous This moveth the expulsive faculty attenuates flegm and doth nourish parts of its own temper Melancholly is Paynting Earth Cold and Dry. Thick and Fâ—eculent Black and Ashy Sowr and Pricking This excites Appetite nourisheth the Spleen and prepares an acidness for the preventing of the blood Thus have you a particular Scheme wherein you may see the rules of nature in well ordering these humours I now am to conduct you to the general division of praeternatural Tumours which arise from these and the like it being a most excellent Pilot for conveighing you into the knowing the main of the differencies effects causes signs and presages of preternatural Tumours or an exact Master teaching the grounds and choice rules of curing every sort of tumour A General Division of Tumours The first and general differencies of preternatural Tumours are six Plegmone Erysippus Scirrhus Oedema These from Blood Choller Melancholy Flegm The One of the Other two Inflation generated out of a windy matter The other Water and to this belongeth watery Tumours We begin with the Phlegmone 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it is made two waies One made out of pure blood and this is called Phlegmone vera The other out of blood mixed with other humours and this is called Plegmone non vera Out of blood mixed with other humours cometh Erysipelatodes Oedematodes Scirrhodes Phlegmonous affects are Panaritium or a sharp extuberance with pain and inflammation Bubo a simple inâ—lammation of the loose parts Phygethloâ— by the Greeks called Phlegmone Erysipelatodes and Erysipelas Phelgmonodes Phyma an inflammation of the glandules
thereof twice in a day within three daies perfectly recovered CHAP. XXV Of a Cancer AND because this is a Tumour doth happen very frequently in our Art and proves an enemy both very powerful and painful that we may understand the right way of dealing herewith it generally happening in the Brest let us first consider the Brest it self and its parts The Brest according to our Countryman Wharton is said to be framed of a glandulous spongeous Parenchyma not divided into distinct conglobated Glandules but is rather to be accounted a conglomerated Glandule but in a Scirrhus and in a Cancerous Tumour they appear knotty It hath Veins Nerves Arteries and Lymphaducts and a porous Cavity its Veins and Arteries come from the Subclavians it hath its Nerves from the fifth pair and from other Originations Lymphaducts are here very frequently scattered and as touching its Porosities or porous Cavities these do serve for its Excretion or its excretory uses they being more large in the Brest then in the common Ductus which is opened with many small Foramulaes their general use is to prepare the Milk fit for the Infant and for the making this there is held a great controversy some holding the Blood to be the Prima Materia hereof whilst others do contend as stoutly for the Chyle to be its Origination The first is not to be defended for if Chyle be to be made most properly into Blood it may very properly be accounted retrograde for Blood to turn into Chyle And such as do stand up for the Chyle to be the onely substance of the Milk they do offer this as their assertion that the Chyle doth immediatly pass through the Milky vessels into the Brest or that it is there received into the Veins and thence effused through the Thoracick Arteries into the Brests and that they have a power or faculty to separate the Blood from the Chyle and to dispose it through the Mammillary vessels into the Body and this they call Milk but the way or passage which should conduct this to the Lactiferous vessels is not yet arrived at Our worthy Wharton's opinion is that Milk is peculiarly a nervous Juice not properly constituted for the substance of the Milk but also for carrying a double Matter with it as being both Chylisick and Spermatick and these two do breed the greatest part of the Milk not immediatly sent from the Ventricle to the Brests by the Milky vessels but carried by or through the Ductus chyliferus into the Subclavian thence circuled with the Blood through the Ventricles of the Heart and so passeth through the Thoracick Arteries and in time of the Mother giving milk it is refunded into the ample capacity of the Brests and there do separate the Sanguineous part from the Chyle and do reduce it through the Mammary Veins into the Meditullium of the body And this he offereth as the cheif matter or substance of Milk and the most proper nutriment for the Infant And since we daily see the young sucking Babe is nourished by alluring this Milk from its mothers Brest by her Nipple it is very necessary that it should contain in it such a substance as may give it satisfaction And as the more noble part thereof doth come from the Succus nervosus so also ought it most properly to be derived from hence for the Infant 's nutriment but thus much as touching Milk We arrive now to that which nearer concerns our enquiry which is the tract of a Cancer and this by the Greeks is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by us a Cancer from the resemblance it hath with a Sea-Crab For as the one hath expanded claws and feet in several places being of a livid or cinerish colour so also is this Tumour of a round Figure of a livid Colour and sticketh or adhereth so close to the part affected as a Key to a Door or a claw of a Crab in its griping having in it by some reported to carry in it exalted Veins but this is more fabulous then true for not in four of a hundred as Falloppius observes can you see them thus apparent It carrieth with it a train of horrid pain and heat shewing it self to view both cruel and horrible it ariseth from black Choler As Tagaultius supposed it ariseth from the Fecies of Blood but this is onely his opinion for this doth more properly frame and make a Scirrhous Humour and that which to the whole body doth make an Elephantiasis to a private or particular part doth also frame a Cancer and where this black Choler is sharp and hot it maketh an Ulcerate Cancer and by reason of its thick Juice it can neither be repelled or discussed for as it slighteth and contemneth the company or acquaintance of mild Medicines so also doth it like Lard or Oyl turn into a flame rage and fury by the applying of any strong or vehement Medicine The Causes of this Atra bilis are many for first in the Liver is bred this natural melancholick Humour which is called the Fecies of the Blood and hence ariseth a Scirrhus so this Atra bilis is made up of the adustion of the other Humours and without flattery is the worst of all the rest and as it groweth more putrid sharp and malign it doth more speedily violently and painfully create an ulcerated Cancer Sometimes it ariseth from a hot intemperiety of the Liver which burneth it and by this burning is bred Atra bilis Sometimes as Galen saith cap. 10. lib. 2. ad Glaâ—c from weakness and intemperiety of the Spleen it being made incapable to attract this melancholick Humour in so much that it is kept up and burnt up in the body Sometimes it happeneth from a suppression of the Menstrues Outward causes may also affect this as a thick and viscous Diet as Onyons Leeks Beans and the like It may arise in any one part of the Body sometimes it doth throw it self forth into several places but the Brest being a soft loose part is most subject to its Tyranny and receiving the impress of its malitious stamp Sometimes it happeneth in the parts of the Face Nose Lips Mandible and Tongue Sometimes in the Inguens and Thigh a lively example of which I had in a Gentlewoman my Patient in Norwich when I writ this Another reason that a Cancer doth soonest grow acquainted with the Brest before any other part is in respect of the great consent that there is made between the Breast and the Womb by the Veins through which this thick and feculent Blood is sent and dispatched and for the same reason is it that there have been seen so oft times Cancers of the Womb. At its first touch it doth appear hard in respect of its thick Humour it is of a livid Colour and the more malign the Humour is the more livid the Colour of the Tumour is and then painful for here is made
a Dilatation of the Veins in the Testicles conglomerated in manner of Varices and these as Celsus and Paulus write are either the Veins of the Scrotum or those in the Membranes of the Dartos or those which do nourish the Testicle and therefore Celsus adviseth if the Rupture be in the Scrotum you are to apply thin and sharp Instruments to the Veins and with these the Veins are to be cauterized and there to be most cauterized where most variced or twisted The general Curative Method here is the same to that prescribed in curing of a Scirrhus the Intentions here are three to repell the flowing Humour to discharge and dry up that which hath already slowed and to astringe the dilated Vessels Now Astringents do satisfie these two scopes for as being cold and restringent they repell the fluent Humour as being drying they dry it up and by its Astriction do also bind up the dilated Vessels And for this Affect Balaustians Red Roses Pomgranate Rinds Juice of Hypocystus Bol. Armen Dragons Blood Mastich Olibanum Glue Amber and the like these or any or some of these mixed with the White of an Egge and a little Vinegar may very well be used here but if these do no good come to the use of Incision or Caustick and here are we to be very careful in onely cauterizing the parts where they are thus twined or twisted together after which done remove the Eschar then deterge and digest it But if the Veins of the Dartos be tumefied you are to make your Incision in the Groin and the Membrane is to be drawn through there with the Testicle and after this separate the dilated Vessels from the Coat either with your Fingers or a convenient Instrument then tie up the Vessels and cut them off under your Ligature then repose or reduce your Coat and Testicle And if the Rupture be in the Erythrois or Tunica vaginalis and either two be dilated proceed in the same Method as in the Dartos but if it be between the inward Coat and the Testicle it self make your Incision in the Inguen draw out the Vessels amputate the Testicle and cauterize the parts And this is Paulus his Method and Distinction As touching Hernia Humoralis take this brief Description of it It is framed out of a Confusion of many Humours in the Scrotum or between the Coats which enwrap the Testicle Oft times also it is seen to be bred in the proper Substance of the Testicles You are to cure this as you do the former And thus much of Ruptures CHAP. LXIII Of a Venereal Bubo WE arrive now at the Inguens where we may meet with these four following Tumours Bubo Venereus Pestiferus Phyma Phygethlon of each of these in their order These Glandules have their proper names as well as others and hence is it that they are called Bubones by us in England called the Popes eye in veal and mutton They are held to be eight in number and very large There is held to be a great commerce between the Nerves and these Glandules for it is very credible that the Nerves do conveigh somewhat hither as their excrementitious succus and also do send hither any nerveous quality that at any time doth perplex them but they do not unload themselves into these as into their excretory ports but into their adjoyning vessels and hence it is that they are placed at the greater division of the vessels neither is it less probable that they take somewhat from hence as a nutritive juice the which being allured by a similar attraction of the Glandulous substance the Lymphaducts to pour out their Lympha here and by the benefit hereof these Glandules do separate one and leave the other And this is confirmed by their sweetnes and delicacy they having a familiarity with the nutrive Succus And the reason they are so large and numerous is because the Crural Nerves had need to have such large Organes for discharging their superfluities We come now to their Diseases with the Affects these being either simple or not malign Tumours or pestilential or venereal Tumours The Causes of all which may be reduced to two The first being the hindrance of the Circulation of the Blood and hence ariseth a Tumour by reason of the continuity and impetuous afflux of the Blood from the heart through the Arteries and by reason of its making no reflux from these through the Veins An evident example we have hereof in Contusions of the Glandules and in their Obstructions A second common Cause ariseth generally from the Nerves themselves spitting forth their superfluous Humidities being either here vitious in Quantity or Quality now these are 2 common causes Every special Tumour hath its specifick causes differences and thus if these superfluities only err in quantity or quality as in viscidity thicknes or the like it frameth a simple Tumour If from a malign quality there ariseth a Tumour being of the same nature as malign and thus being either venereal or pestilential it occasioneth a venereal or pestilential Tumour We are now to enquire of the efficient causes of this venreal Bubo and this poyson oftimes is communicated to the Liver and hence is sent into the Inguens as its proper Emunctuories and hence ariseth these venereal Buboes The cheif matter of which they are bred is of a part of thick cold and viscid Humours which may wel be perceived by the hardnes whitenes ilnes of pain and colour of the Tumour Sometimes they arise from a hot sharp cholerick Humour with a great pain and a conjunct heat and these make them so oft to run into Ulcers being both virulent corroding As to the cure never-use digestives lest the thinner part being resolved the thicker excrement lyes and encreaseth inwards much less Repellers for these do drive the virulent matter inward and therefore Attractives and Suppuratives here only do take best place The Tumour being made ripe open it with a potential Cautery As touching the cure of the whole body neither purge bleed or keep any order of dyet Make your orifice not very large but so as you may lodge in it a pretty handsome large Tent for discharge of this peccant Matter you may keep it open for 20 or 30 dayes according to the greater or lesser quantity of Matter This being discharged we may both prescribe purging bleeding and a good order of dyet It being discharged cleanse it well fill up with flesh and skin it And thus may you cure the kinder sort of a Venereal Bubo but if it proves more rebellious then instead of Suppurating Medicines we should come to the use of Cupping Glasses every other day and after these to apply Diachylon cum gummi mixed with black Soap and these will maturate the most rebellious Buboes and having brought it thus deterge the Ulcer by keeping it a long while open and freed of its peccant Matter then fill up with flesh and
living beyond the fourth I shall conclude this Chapter with this History related by Petrus Bayrus lib. 20. cap. 8. of a Woman which had a Pestilential Tumour bred behind her Ear and he being sent for about eight hours after it was perceived it grew into a large Bulke in that time with much pain the pain afterwards began to cease but the Venome descended to the Heart and did horribly trouble and vex it neither could she beleive herself to live an hour being by his directions ordered to smell to Vinegar and Rose-water after this she was bled on each Cephalick first Breathing a Vein on the contrary Side then on the distempered Side Then was there applyed a large Ventose to the Part affected with a deep Scarrification reiterating its application And when there was drawn near half a pound of Blood by this Ventose the Patient began to find her self somewhat better and to have some hopes and found manifestly that the Venome receded from her Heart by these Frictions Odours Cordial Powders and Potions and the like that by Divine Blessing and help of these Remedies she perfectly recovered Hollerius saith live Oysters being applied to Pestilential Buboes do attract all the Venome from them CHAP. LXV Of Phyma and Phygethlon IN cap. 1. lib. 2. ad Glauc Phyma is said to be a Tumour in a Glandule which encreaseth with some Vehemency and hasteth to Suppuration for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 agrees with all sorts of Tumours arising out of the Earth and these happen not only in the Inguens but very oft in the Axillaries for these Glandulous Bodies being very loose are the most apt to give Entertainment to all strange Appearances Fluxions and Tumours particularly in the Groins because of their depending Site strong Motion and humid Redundancy After here having prescribed a convenient Dyet and the general Method which we have already shown you in a Bubo we are to apply Digestives to the place affected and then Suppuratives and the Tumour being by these made ripe we are to discharge the Matter either by Caustick or Instrument and the rest of Cure perform as you have already directions in curing of a Bubo Phygethlon is an Inâ—lammation and part of Erysipelas or an inflamed Erysipelas and this you are to cure by Phlebotomy Purging and Diet. As touching the affected part you had better apply Digestives than Suppuratives because this Tumour hath a mixture of Choler and hence it is that Galen lib. 6. Simpl. doth praise Atriplex and the Leaves of Garden Mallows and a cold Cerate and is at length to be cured with mild Discussives Lusitanus Cent. 6. Curat 82. telleth of a young Gentleman troubled with a Phygethlon under his Axillary the which did spread to a very large bigness in process of time it grew soft and livid and so proceeded with Pulsation that both Physician and Chirurgion conjectured Matter to be lodged in it and therefore by a general consent it was opened but the Success was miserable for it was scarce opened but the Blood flew out impetuously with a great noise of Spirit upon which the Patient presently dieth with his inclining downwards and he speedily departed this miserable Life CHAP. LXVI Of the Hemorrhoides HEmorrhoid is a Compounded word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies Sanguis and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 fluo and this is a Flux of Blood The Veins of the Anus onely gain the place of their dwelling and being or they are Tumours encompassing the Veins of the Anus excited by the great inâ—lux of Melancholy Blood resembling somewhat of a species of a Varix Some of these at certain times do open themselves and so do discharge and exonerate the Blood others there are that onely tumefie Some are hidden others more manifest Such as flow they pour out almost all Blood mixed with a yellowish Serum which is as a Vehicle to make its more speedy exit and by its acrimony does make a more speedy opening of the Vessels Such as do not flow do either lodge in some small Bladders and by some called Vesicales and these are made by the influx of Flegm and Serum resembling Grapes from whence they are called Vvales from the efflux of Bloud being laudable in quality but bred by a copious Redundancy They are different in their Magnitude some being large others small in their multitude some having many Orifices others few in their Figure some narrow some broad in their Colour some being of a blackish colour others more red in their Place some being in the Anus others in the Sphyncter others bordering upon the right Gut in their Constitution some being mild others more cruel and painful These Hemorrhoides arise as both the ancient and modern Anatomists allow from the Splenetick branch deducing its issue from the Porta produced downwards towards the Rectum and then carrid backwards to the Coccix and there to be inserted and propagated But from the Vena cava there are two Branches produced from the Os sacrum or Coxendix and sent to the Anus the one from the right the other from the left part the which are disseminated through the Muscles of the right Gut and Anus and do there constitute these Hemorrhoidal Veins here pouring forth their Blood and this is confirmed with good reason for the rectitude of the Vessels the Blood flowing downwards by its weight must necessarily fill its Vessels and being girt up or constringed being thus filled by the Muscles does make way for this Apertion And to give a better light to the well ordering and curing of both sorts let us make an exact Anatomical Inquiry about these parts These Hemorrhoidal Veins again have an Artery belonging to them to feed them this Blood first coming from the Porta to the Anus for from the great Branch of the Porta is this carried to the Spleen and thence through the Mesentery is it sent to the right Gut These Veins are onely two arising from the Cava and the Porta for this cause because these serve as do the other Veins of the Body for nourishing the parts with Blood and thus are the parts of the Anus nourished therewith This was a thing unknown to the Ancients and therefore it is necessary that the Melancholy Blood should this way be discussed for by this Passage onely is Melancholy best discussed and the Schirrus of the Spleen cured Besides these these also are by nature as Scavingers to cleanse the feculent Blood and make a sound Body and when therefore she cannot perform these we make our speedy address to Phlebotomy and the Evacuations thus made we daily find to yield great comfort and ease to the troubled Patient Besides these not being kept open a man having a great quantity of Melancholy Humour lodged in him the whole Body will hereby be less capable to undergo any other Method which may be prescribed And lastly in Malign Fevers being lodged in the larger Vessels and there putrefying the Blood