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heart_n blood_n great_a vein_n 4,207 5 10.0284 5 true
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A69278 The castel of helth gathered and made by Syr Thomas Elyot knyghte, out of the chiefe authors of physyke, wherby euery manne may knowe the state of his owne body, the preseruatio[n] of helthe, and how to instructe welle his physytion in syckenes that he be not deceyued Elyot, Thomas, Sir, 1490?-1546. 1539 (1539) STC 7643; ESTC S109161 81,934 194

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sweate abundant Fallynge shortly into bledynge The vrine redde and grosse ¶ Where colde with moysture preuayleth that body is called Fleumatike wherin water hath preeminence and is perceyued by these sygnes Fleumatike Fatnes quauyng and softe Vaynes narow Heare moche and playne Colour whyte Sleape superfluous Dremes of thynges watry or of fysshe Slownes Dulnes in lernynge Cowardyse Busle slowe and lyttell Dygestyon weake Spyttell whyte abundaunt and thycke Vrine grosse white and pale ¶ Colerike is hote and drie in whom the fyre hath preeminence and is discerned by these sygnes folowynge Cholerike Leanes of body Costyfenesse Heare blacke or dark aburn curlyd Visage and skyn redde as fyre or salowe Hotte thynges noyfull to hym Lyttell sleape Dremes of fyre fighting or angre Wytte sharpe and quycke Hardy and fyghtynge Pulse swyfte and stronge Vrine hygh coloured clere Voyce sharpe ¶ Melancolyke is colde and drye ouer whome the erthe hathe dominion and is perceyued by these sygnes Melancolyke Leannesse with hardnes of skynne Heare playne and thynne Colour duskyshe or whyte with 〈…〉 nnesse 〈…〉 e watche 〈…〉 es fearefull 〈◊〉 in opinyons Digestion slowe and yll Tymerous and fearefull Anger longe and frettynge Pulse lyttell Seldome laughynge Vrine watry and thynne BEsides the sayde complexions of all the hole bodye there be in the particular membres complexions wherin yf there be any distemperaunce it bryngeth syckenesse or griefe into the member Wherfore to knowe the distemperature these signes folowynge wold be consydered Foresene that it be remembred that some distemperatures be symple and somme be compounde They whiche be symple be in simple qualities as in heate colde moyste or drye They whiche be compounde are in compound or myxt qualyties as heate and moysture heate and drythe colde and moyste colde and drye But nowe fyrste we wyll speake of the symple complexions of euery principal member begynnynge at the brayne The brayne exceding in heate hath The hedde and vysage very redde and hotte The heare growynge faste blacke and courlyd The vaynes in the eyen apparant Superfluoꝰ matter in the nosethryls eien eares The heed annoyed with hotte meates drynkes and sauours Slepe shorte not sounde The brayne exceding in colde hath Moche superfluite runnynge oute of the nose mouthe eares and eyen Heare strayght fine growing slowly flaxen The headde disposyd by small occasyon to poses and murres It is soone annoyed with colde It is colde in touchynge Vaynes of the eyen not seene Sleapy somwhat Moyst in excesse hath Heares playne Seldome or neuer balde Wytte dulle Moche superfluities Slepe moche and depe The brayn drie hath No suꝑfluites runnyng Wyttes good and redy Watchefull Heares blacke hard and fast growynge Balde shortly Complexions compouned Brayne hote moyst dystempered hath The heed akyng heuy Full of superfluines in the nose The southen wynde greuouse The Northerne wynde holsome Slepe depe but vnquiete with oftē wakinges straunge dreames The senses and wytte vnperfecte Brayne hote and dry dystempered hath None abundaunce of superfluities whiche may be expelled Senses perfecte Moche watche Soner balde than other Moch heare in childhod and blacke or browne and courlyd The heed hot and ruddy Brayne cold moyst Dystempered hath The senses and wyt dul Moche sleape The hede soone replenisshed with superfluous moysture Distyllations and poses or m 〈…〉 Not 〈◊〉 ●alde Sone 〈◊〉 with colde Brayn cold and dry dyssempered hath The heed colde in feling and without colour The vaines not apering Soone hurt with colde Often diserased wytte perfecte in chyldehode but in age dull Aged shortly and balde Of the harte The hart hote distempered hath Moch blowyng puffing Pulse swyfte and busy Hardines māhode moch Promptnes actiuitie and quyckenesse in doynge of thynges Fury and boldnes The breaste heary toward the lefte syde The breste brode with the heed lyttell The body hote except the lyuer do let it The hart colde distempered hath The pulse very lyttell The breth lytell and slow The brest narow The body all colde excepte the lyuer doth inflame it Fearfulnes Scrupulosite moch care Curiositie Slownesse in actes The breaste cleane without heares The hart moyst distempered hath The pulse softe Sone āgry sone pacified The body al moyst except the liuer disposith cōtrary The hart drye distempered hath The pulse harde Not lyghtly angry but beynge angry not soone pacyfied The body dry except the li uer doth dispose contrary The harte hotte and ●oyst The brest stomake heary Promptnes in actes Soone a●gry Fiersnes but not so moche as in hote and drye Pulse softe swift busy Breth or wind according Shortely falleth into diseases caused of putryfaction The harte hotte and drye The harte poulse greatte and swyfte The breath or wynde accordynge The breast and stomacke all heary Quicke in his doynges Boldnes and hardynesse Swift hasty in mouing Soone styr●ed to anger ryrannous in maners The breast brode and all the body hotte drye The harte colde and moyste The pulse softe Fearefull and tymerous Slowe The breast clene without heare Not hastily angre nor refaynynge angre The brest narowe All the body cold moyst The harte colde and drye hath The pulse hard lyttell The wynde moderate Seldom angry but whā it hapneth it dureth long The breast cleane without heare and lyttell All the body cold drye Of the liuer The lyuer in heate distempered hath The vaynes great The blood more hote than temperate The bealy heary All the body hote exceding temperaunce The lyuer cold distempered hath The vaynes small Abundance of fleum● The blood colde All the body colde in feelynge The bealy without heare The lyuer moyste distempered hath The vaynes softe Moch bloud and thynne All the bodye moyste in felynge except the harte disposeth it contrary The lyuer drye distempered hath The vaynes harde The bloudde lyttell and thycke All the body drye ¶ The complexions compounde maye be decer ned by the sayd symple qualities And here is to be noted that the heate of the harte maye vanquyshe the colde in the lyuer For heate is in the harte as in the fountayne or sprynge and in the Lyuer as in the Ryuer Of the stomake The stomake hotte distempered He digesteth well specyally harde meates that wyl not be shortly altred Lyght mentes and soone altered be therein corrupted The appetite lyttell and slowe He delyteth in Meates and drinkes whyche be hotte for euery naturall complexiō delyteth in his semblable The stomake colde dystempered He hath good appetite He digesteth ylle and slowely specyally grosse meates and harde Colde meates doo waxe soure beinge in hym vndygested He delytethe in meates and drynkes whiche be Colde and yet of theym he is indamaged The stomake moyst dystempered He thyrsteth but seldom yet he desyreth to drynke with superfluous drink● he is hurte He delyteth in moyste meates The stomake drye dystempered He is soone thyrsty Contente with a lyttelle drynke Diseased with moche drynke He deliteth in dry meates
¶ It is to be noted that the dyspositions of the stomake naturall do desyre that whiche is of lyke qualities The dispositions vnnaturall do desyre thynges of contrary qualities ¶ Also not the stomake onely causeth a man to thyrste or not thyrste but also the lyuer the lunges and the harte Of the genitories or stones of generation The genytories hote distempred Great appetite to the acte of generation Ingendrynge men chyldren Heare soone growen aboute the membres The genytories colde distempred Small appetite to the acte of generation Ingendryng women chyldrē Slowe growthe of heare about the membres The genitories moist distempred Sede abundant but thynne and watrye The genitoryes drye distempred Sede lyttel but metely thick in substance Genytories hot and moyste Lasse appetite to lecherie than in them whiche be hote and drye More puissaunce to do it and without lasse damage Hurt by absteynyng frō it Lesse herines thā in hot dry The genytories hote and drye The sede thycke Moche fruitefulnesse of Generation Great appetite and redynesse to the acte Heare about the membres soone growen Swyftenesse in spedynge o● the acte Soone therwith satisfyed Damage by vsyng therof The genytories colde and moyst The sede watry and thynne Lyttell desyre to the acte but more puissance than in them whiche be colde and drye Lyttell heares or none about the membres The genytories colde and drye Heares none or fewe Litle apetit or none to lecher● Lyttell puissance to do it Ingendrynge more females than men chyldern That litle sede that is is thikker than in colde and moyst ☞ Of humours IN the body of Man be foure pryncipal humours which continuynge in the proporcion that nature hath lymitted the body is free frome all syckenesse Contrary wise by the increase or diminution of any of theym in quantitie or qualitie ouer or vnder theyr naturall assignement inequall temperature commeth into the bodye whiche sickenesse foloweth more or lasse accordyng to the lapse or decaye of the temperatures of the sayd humours whiche 〈◊〉 these folowynge Bloudde Fleume Choler Melancholy ¶ Bloudde hath preeminence ouer all other humours in susteynynge of all lyuynge creatures for it hath more conformitie with the originalle cause of lyuynge by reason of temperatenes i● heate and moysture also nouryssheth more the body and restoreth that which is decayed being the very treasure of lyfe by losse wherof dethe immedyately foloweth The distemperature of bloud hapneth by one of the other thre humors by the inordinate or suꝑfluous mixture of them Of fleume ¶ Fleume is of two sortes Naturall and Vnnaturall ¶ Naturall fleume is a humour colde moyst whyte and swete or without taste ingendred by insufficient decoction in the seconde digestion of the watry or rawe partes of the matter decocte called Chilus by the last digestyon made apt to be conuerted into bloud In this humour water hath dominion most princypall ¶ Fleume vnnaturall is that whiche is myxte with other humours or is altered in his qualitie And therof is .viii. sondry kyndes Fleume watry which is founden in spettil of great drinkers or of them whiche dygeste ylle Slymy or rawe Glasy lyke to whyte glasse thicke viscouse lyke byrd lyme and heuye Plastry which is very grosse and as it were chalky such is found in the ioyntes of theyin whiche haue the gowte Salt which is mingled with coler Sower myxt with melancoly whiche cometh of corrupt dygestion Harshe thycke and grosse whiche is seldome founden whiche tasteth lyke grene crabbes or sloes Stiptik or binding is not so grosse nor cold as harshe hath the taste lyke to greene redde wyne or other lyke straynynge the tu●ge ¶ Choler doth participate with naturall heate as longe as it is in good temperance And therof is also two kyndes Naturall and Vnnaturall Choler naturall ¶ Naturall choler is the fome of bloudde the colour wherof is redde and clere or more lyke to an orenge colour and is hote and drye wherin the fyre hath dominion is light and sharpe and is ingendred of the most subtyll part of matter decocte or boyled in the stomacke whose be gynnynge is in the lyuer ¶ Vnnaturall choler is that which is myxte o● corrupted with other humours wherof be foure kyndes Citrine or yelowe choler whiche is of the myxture of natural choler and watry fleume and therfore hath lesse heat then pure choler Yelky lyke to yelkes of egges whiche is of the myxture of fleume congeled and choler naturall is yet lasse hotte than the other Grene lyke to lekes whose begynnyng is rather of the stomak thā of the lyuer Grene lyke to grene canker of mettall and bourneth lyke venym and is of excedynge adustion of choler or fleume by these two kyndes nature is mortifyed ¶ Melancoly or blacke coler is deuided into two kyndes Naturall which is the dregges of pure bloude and is knowen by the blaknes whan it issueth eyther downewarde or vpwarde and is veryly cold and drye Vnnaturalle whiche procedeth of the adustion of cholerike myxture and is ho●ter lyg●ter hauynge in it vyolence to kyll with a dangerous disposytion 〈◊〉 the members ¶ There be diuersities of members that is to saye Principall members The brayne Th harte The lyuer The stones of generatiō Officiall members Syn●wes whiche doo serue to the brayne Arteries or pulses which do serue to the harte Vayn●s which do serue to the lyuc● Vessels spermatik wher in mans sede lyeth which do serue to the s●on●● Partes called Similares for being diuided they remayne in them self like as they were Bones Gristell Calles betwirte the vttermooste skynne and the fleshe Muskles or fylettes Fatte Fles she Members instrumentall The stomacke The raynes The bowelles All the great synewes Those of their vertue do apetite meat alter it O● powers Animall Spiri●uall Naturall Naturall power whiche do minister To whome is ministred Which dothe mynyster Appetiteth Retayneth Digesteth Expelleth To whome is mynystred Ingendreth Nourysheth Fedeth Power spiritual Warkyng whiche delateth the harte and art 〈…〉 es and ●ftesones strayneth them Wrought which is sty●red by an exterior cause to wark wherof commeth anger indygnation subtilitie and care Power animall That whiche ordeyneth discerneth and composet● That moueth by voluntarye motion That whiche is called sensyble wherof do procede the fyue wyttes Of that which ordeineth do ꝓcede Imagination in the forhed Reason in the brayne Remembrance in the nodel Operations Apetite by heate and drythe Digestiō by hete moisture Retayning by cold drythe Expulsiō by colde moysre ¶ Spirite is an ayry substance subtyll styryng the powers of the body to perfourme their opera●ions whiche is dyuyded into Naturalle whiche taketh his begynnynge of the lyuer and by the vaynes whiche haue no pulse spredeth into all the hole body ●●●all which procedeth from the hart and by the arteries or pulses is sent into all the body Animalle whiche is ingendred in the brayne and is sente by the senewes throughout the body maketh sence