five principall Veynes springeth innumerable of the which a Chyrurgion hath no great charge for it sufficeth us to know the principals To speake of Arteirs you shall understand that wheresoever there is found a Veyne there is an Arteir under him and if there be found a great Veyne there is found a great Artier and whereas is a little Veyne there is a little Artier for wheresoever there goeth a Veyne to give nutriment there goeth an Artier to bring the spirit of life Wherefore it is to bee noted that the Artiers lye more deeper in the flesh then the Veynes doe for they carry and keepe in them more precious blood then doth the Veyne and therefore hee hath need to bee further from dangers outwardly and therefore God and Nature have ordained for him to be closed in two Coates where the Veyne hath but one The Breast or Thorax is the Arke or Chest of the spirituall members of man as saith the Philosopher where it is to bee noted that there be foure things containing and eight contained as thus The foure containing are the Skinne Musculus flesh the Pappes and the Bones The parts contained are the Heart the Lungs Pannicles Ligaments Nerves Veynes Artiers Myre or Isofagus Now the Skin and the flesh are knowne in their Anatomie It is to be noted that the flesh of the Pappes differeth from the other flesh of the body for it is white glandulus and spongeous and there is in them both Nerves Veynes and Artiers and by them they have Coliganes with the Heart the Liver the Braine and the Generative members Also there is in the Breast as old Authors make mention Lxxx or XC Muscles for some of them be common to the Neck some to the Shoulders and to the Spades some to Diafragma or the Midriffe some to the Ribs some to the Back and some to the Breast it selfe But J find a certaine profitablenesse in the creation of the Pappes aswell in man as in woman for in Man it defendeth the spirituals from annoyance outwardly and another by their thicknesse they comfort the naturall heate in defiance of the spirits And in Women there is the generation of Milke for in women there commeth from the Matrix into their breasts many Veynes which bring into them menstruall blood the which is turned through the digestive vertue from red colour into white like the colour of the Paps even as Chilley comming from the stomack to the Liver is turned into the colour of the Liver Now to speake of the Bones of the brest they be said to be triple or three-fold and they be numbred to the seaven in the Brest before and their length is according to the bredth of the Brest and their extremities or ends be gristly as the Ribbes be And in the upper end of Thorax is a hole or a concavity in which is set the foot of the Fockle-bone or Cannel-bone and in the nether end of Thorax against the mouth of the stomack hangeth a Gristle called Ensiforme and this Gristle was ordained for two causes One is that it should defend the Stomack from hurt outwardly The second is that in time of fulnesse it should give place to the stomack in time of need when it desireth c. Now to speake of the parts of the Backe here following there bee twelve Spondels through whom passeth Mynuca of whom springeth twelve paire of Nerves that bringeth both feeling and moving to the Muscles of the Brest aforesaid And here it is to be noted that in every side there bee twelve Ribs that is to say seaven true and five falfe because these five be not so long as the other seaven be and therefore called false Ribs as it may be perceived by the sight of the Eye Likewise of the parts that bee inwardly and first of the Heart because hee is the principall of all other members and the beginning of Life hee is set in the middest of the Brest severally by himselfe as Lord and King of all members And as a Lord or a King ought to bee served of his subjects that have their living of him so are all other members of the Body subjects to the Heart for they receive their living of him and they all doe service many wayes unto him againe The substance of the Heart is as it were Lazartus flesh but it is spermatick and an officiall member and the beginning of life and hee giveth to every member of the Body both blood of life and spirit of breath and heate for if the Heart were of Lazartus flesh his moving and stirring should be voluntary and not naturall but the contrary is true for it were impossible that the Heart should be ruled by Will onely and not by Nature The Heart hath the shape and forme of a Pine-apple and the broad end thereof is upwards and the sharpe end is downewards depending a little towards the left side And heere it is to be noted that the Heart hath blood in his substance whereas all other members have it but in their Veynes and Arteries Also the Heart is bound with certaine Ligaments to the backe part of the Breast but these Lygaments touch not the substance of the Heart but in the over-part they spring forth of him and is fastened as is aforesaid Furthermore the Heart hath two Ventricles or Concavities and the left is higher then the right and the cause of his hollownesse is this For to keepe the blood for his nourishing and the ayre to abate and temper the great heate that hee is in the which is kept in Concavities Now heere it is to be noted that to the right Ventrickle of the Heart commeth a Veyne from the great Veyne called Venakelis that receiveth all the substance of the blood from the Liver And this Veyne that commeth from Venakelis entreth into the heart of the right Ventricle as J said before and in him is brought a great portion of the thickest blood to nourish the heart with and the residue that is left of this is made subtill through the vertue of the Heart and then this Blood is sent into a Concavity or pit in the midst of the Heart betweene the two Ventricles and therein it is made hot and purified and then it passeth into the left Ventricle and there is ingendred in it a Spirit that is cleerer brighter and subtiller then any Corporall or Bodily thing that is engendred of the foure Elements For it is a thing that is a meane betweene the Body and the Soule Wherefore it is likened of the Philosophers to be more liker heavenly things then earthly things Also it is to be noted that from the left Ventricle of the heart springeth two Arteirs the one having but one Coate and therefore is called Arteria Venalis And this Arteir carryeth Blood from the Heart to the Lungs the which Blood is vaporous that is tryed and and left of the Heart and is brought by this Artery to the Lungs to give him
Nutriment and there he receiveth of the Lungs ayre and bringeth it to the heart to refresh him with Wherefore Galen saith that hee findeth that mans Heart is naturall and friendly to the Lungs For hee giveth him of his owne Nutrimentall to nourish him with and the Lungs rewards him with ayre to refresh him with againe c. The other Artier that hath two Coats is called Vena Arterialis or the great Artery that ascendeth and descendeth and of him springeth all the other Artiers that spread to every member of the Body for by him is united and quickned all the members of the body For the Spirit that is retained in them is the instrument or treasure of all the vertue of the Soule And thus it passeth untill it come to the Braine and there hee is turned into a further digestion and there he taketh another Spirit and so is made animall and at the Liver nutrimentall and at the Testicles generative and thus it is made a spirit of every kind so that hee being the meane of all manner of operations and workings taketh effect Two causes J find why these Artiers have two coates One is that one coat is not sufficient nor able to withstand the violent moving and stirring of the spirit of Life that is carried in them The second cause is that the thing that is carried about from place to place is of so precious a Treasure that it had the more need of good keeping And of some Doctors this Artier is called the Pulsative veyne or the beating Veyne for by him is perceived the powâ—r and might of the Heart c. Wherefore God and Nature have ordained that the Artiers have two coates Also there is in the Heart three Pellikles opening and closing the going in of the Heart blood and spirit in convenient time Also the Heart hath two little Eares by whom commeth in and passeth out the ayre that is prepared for the Lungs There is also found in the heart a Cartilaginous auditament to helpe and strengthen the same Heart The Heart is covered with a strong Pannicle which is called of some Capsula Cordes or Pericordium the which is a strong case unto whom commeth Nerves as to other inward members And this Pannicle Pericordium springeth of the upper Pannicle of the Midriffe And of him springeth another Pannicle called Mediastinum the which separateth the Brest in the midst and keepeth it that the Lungs fall not over the Heart There is also another Pannicle that covereth the Ribbes inwardly that is called Plura of whom the Midriffe taketh his beginning And it is said of many Doctors that Duramater is the Originall of all the Pannicles within the body and thus one taketh of another CHAP. VIII The Anatomie of the Lungs THe Lungs is a member Spermatick of the first creation and his naturall Complexion is cold and dry and in his accidentall complexion hee is cold and moyst wrapped in a nervous Pannicle because it should gather together the softer substance of the Lungs and that the Lungs might feele by the meanes of the Pannicle that which hee might not feele in himselfe Now to prove the Lungs to bee cold and dry of kind it appeareth by his swift stirring for hee lyeth ever waving over the Heart and about the heart And that hee is cold and moyst in operation it appeareth in that hee receiveth of the Braine many cold matters as Catarres and Rheumes whose substance is thin Also J find in the Lungs three kinds of substance One is a Veyne comming from the Liver bringing with him the crude or raw part of the Chylle to feed the Lungs Another is Arteria venealis comming from the Heart bringing with him the spirit of Life to nourish him with The third is Trachia Arteria that bringeth in ayre to the Lungs and it passeth through all the left part of them to doe his office The Lungs is divided into five Lobbes or Pellikles or five portions that is to say three in the right side and two in the left side And this was done for this cause that if there fell any hurt in the one part the others should serve and doe their office And three causes J find why the Lungs were principally ordained First that they should draw cold wind and refresh the heart The second that they should change and alter and purifie the ayre before it come to the Heart lest the heart should be hurt and annoyed with the quantity of the ayre The third cause is that they should receive from the Heart the fumous superfluities that hee putteth forth with his breathing c. Behind the Lungs towards the Spondels passeth Myre or Isofagus of whom it is spoken of in the Anatomic of the Neck And also there passeth both Veynes and Artiers and all these with Trachia Arteria doe make a Stoke replete unto the Gullet with the Pannicles and strong Ligaments and Glandulus flesh to fulfill the voyd places And last of all is the Midriffe and it is an officiall member made of two Pannicles and Lazartus flesh and his place is in the midst of the body overthwart or in bredth under the region of the Spirituall members separating them from the Matrix And three causes J find why the Midriffe was ordained First that it should divide the Spirituals from the Nutrates The second that it should keepe the vitall colour or heat to descend downe to the Nutrates The last is that the malicious fumes reared up from the Nutrates should not annoy the Spirituals or vitals c. The Wombe is the region or the City of all the Intrailes the which reacheth from the Midriffe downe unto the Share inwardly and outwardly from the Reines or Kidnies downe to the bone Peeten about the privie parts And this Wombe is compound and made of two things that is to say of Syfac and Myrac Syfac is a Pannicle and a member spermatick officiall sensible Sinewie compound of subtill Will and in complexion cold and dry having his beginning in the inner Pannicle of the Midriffe And it was ordained because it should containe and bind together all the Intrailes and that he defend the Musculus so that he oppresse not the Naturall members And that he is strong and tough it is because he should not be lightly broken and not those things that are contained goe not forth as it happeneth to them that are broken c. Myrac is compound and made of foure things that is to say of Skinne outwardly of Fatnesse of a Carnous Pannicle and of Musculus Flesh And that it is to bee understood that all the whole from Syfac outward is called Myrac it appeareth well by the words of Galen where hee commandeth that in all wounds of the Wombe to sewe the Syfac with the Mirac and by that it proveth that there is nothing without the Syfac but Mirac And in this Mirac or outer part of the Wombe there is noted eight Muscles two Longitudinals proceeding from the
that in the time of concussion or oppression the soft members or limbes should not be hurt of the hard The third is that the extremity of Bones and Joynts that be grisly might the easier be foulded and moved together without hurt The fourth is for that it is necessary in some meane places to put a Gristle as in the throat-bowle for the sound The fifth is for that it is needfull that some members be holden up with a Gristle as the lids of the Eyes The sixt is that some Limbes have a sustaining and a drawing abroad as in the Nose and the Eares c. The Ligament is a member consimple simple and spermaticke next in hardnesse to the Gristle and of complexion cold and dry and is flexible and insensible and bindeth the Bones together The cause why hee is flexible and insensible is this If it had beene sensible he might not have suffered the labour and moving of the joynts and if it had not beene flexible of his bowing one Limme should not have moved without another The second profit is that he be joyned with sinewes for to make Cordes and Brawnes The third helpe is that he be a resting place to some sinewes The fourth profit is that by him the members that be within the Bone be sustained as the Matrix and Kidneys and divers other c. The Sinew is a consimilier member simple and spermatick a meane betweene hard and soft and in complexion cold and dry and he is both flexible and sensible strong and tough having his beginning from the Braine or from Mynuca which is the Marrow of the backe And from the braine commeth seaven paire of Nerves sensative and from Mynuca commeth thirty paire of Nerves motive and one that is by himselfe that springeth of the last spondell All these sinewes have both feeling and moving in some more and in some lesse c. A Corde or Tendon is a consimple or officiall member compound and spermaticke sinewie strong and tough meanely betweene hardnesse and softnesse and meanly sensible and flexible and in complexion cold and dry And the Corde or Tendon is thus made The sinewes that come from the braine and from Mynuca and goe to move the members is intermingled with the Lygaments and when the sinewes and Lygaments are intermingled together then is made a Corde And for three causes J perceive why the Cordes were made The first is that the Sinew alone is so sensible that hee may not suffer the great labour and travell of moving without the fellowship and strength of the Ligament that is insensible and that letteth his great feeling and bringeth him to a perfit temperance And so the Cordes move the limbes to the will of the soule And this Corde is associated with a simple flesh and so thereof is made a Brawne or a Muskle on whom he might rest after his travell and this Brawne is called a Muskle Then when this Corde is entred into this Brawne he is departed into many small threeds the which be called Will and this Will hath three properties The first is in length by whose vertue that draweth it hath might The second in breadth by whom the vertue that casteth out hath might The third in thwartnes in whom the vertue that holdeth hath might and at the end of the Brawne those threeds be gathered together to make another Muskle c. Now J will begin at the Arteir This Arteir is a member consimile â—imple and spermaticke hollow and sinowie having his springing from the Heart bringing from the heart to every member blood and spirit of life It is of complexion cold and dry And all these Arteirs have two coates except one that goeth to the Lungs and he hath but one coate that spreadeth abroad in the Lungs and bringeth with him to the Lungs blood with the spirit of life to nourish the Lungs withall And also that Arteir bringeth with him from the Lungs ayre to temper the fumous heate that is in the heart And this Arteir is he that is called Arteria Venalis because he hath but one coate as a veyne and is more obedient to be delated abroad through all the Lungs because that the blood might the sooner sweat through him whereas all other Arteirs have two coates because one coate may not withstand the might and power of the spirit of life Divers other causes there be which shall be declared in the Anatomie of the breast c. The Veyne is a simple member in complexion cold and dry and spermaticke like to the Arteir having his beginning from the Liver and bringeth from the Liver nutritiue blood to nourish every member of the body with And it is so to be understood that there is no more difference betweene these two vessels of blood but that the Arteir is a vessell of blood spirituall or vitall And the Veyne is a vessell of blood nutrimentall of the which Veynes there is noted two most principall of the which one is called Vena Porta the other is called Vena celis of whom it is too much to treat of now untill we come to the Anatomy of the Wombe c. The Flesh is a consimile member simple not spermaticke and is ingendred of blood congealed by heat and is in complexion hot and moyst Of the which is noted three kinds of Fleshes that is to say one is soft and pure flesh the second is Musculus or hard and brawny flesh the third is Glandulus knotty or kurnelly flesh Also the commodities of the flesh be indifferent or â—ome be common to every kinde of flesh and some be proper to one manner of flesh alone The profits of the flesh be many for some defend the body from cold as doth cloathes also it defendeth the body from hard things comming against it so through his moysture he rectifyeth the Body in Summer in time of great heate Wherefore it is to be considered what profitablenesse is in every kind of flesh by himselfe And first of simple and pure flesh which fulfilleth the concavities of voyd places and causeth good forme and shape and this flesh is found betweene the teeth and on the end of the yard The profits of the Brawny flesh or Musculus flesh shall be spoken of in the Anatomy of the Armes The profits of the Glandulus flesh are these First that it turneth the blood into a colour like to himselfe as doth the flesh of a womans pappes turne the menstruall Blood into milke Secondly the Glandulus flesh of the Testikles turneth the blood into Sparme Thirdly the Glandulus flesh of the cheekes that engendreth the spettle c. The next is of Fatnesse of the which J find three kinds The first is Pinguedo and it is a consimiler member not spermaticke and it is made of a subtill portion of Blood congealed by colde and it is of complexion cold and moyst insensible and is intermingled amongst the parts of the flesh The second is Adeppes and is of
first is that by it goeth forth the Urine or else it should bee shed throughout all the Vulva The second is that when a woman doth set her Thighs abroad it altereth the ayre that commeth to the Matrix for to temper the heate Furthermore the Necke that is betweene these two aforesaid mouthes in her concavity hath many involusions and pleates joyned together in the manner of Rose-leaves before they be fully spread or ripe and so they be shut together as a purse mouth so that nothing may passe forth but urine untill the time of Childing Also about the middle of this necke be certaine Veynes in Maydens the which in time of deflowring be corrupted and broken Furthermore in the sides of the outer mouth are two Testicles or Stones and also two vessels of Sperme shorter then mans vessels and in time of Coyt the Womans sperme is shead downe in the bottome of the Matrix Also from the Liver there commeth to the Matrix many Veynes bringing to the Child nourishing at the time of a womans being with Child and those Veynes at such time as the Matrix is voyd bring thereto superfluities from certaine members of the Body whereof are engendred womans Flowers c. And forasmuch as it hath pleased Almighty God to give the knowledge of these his Misteries and Workes unto his Creatures in this present World Heere J suppose to declare what thing Embreon is and his Creation The noble Philosophers as Galen Avicen Bartholmeus and divers others writing upon this matter say That Embreon is a thing engendred in the Mothers wombe the origin all whereof is the Sperme of the Man and of the Woman of the which is made by the might and power of GOD in the mothers wombe a Child as hereafter more at large shall bee declared First the field of Generation called the Matrix or the Mother is knowne in the Anatomy whose place is properly betwixt the Bladder and Longaon in the Woman in which place is sowne by the Tillage of man a covenable matter of kindly heate For kindly heate is cause efficient both of doing and working and Spirit that giveth vertue to the Body and governeth and ruleth that vertue the which Seed of generation commeth from all the parts of the Body both of the Man and Woman with consent and will of all Members and is shead in the place of Conceiving where thorow the vertue of Nature it is gathered together in the Celles of the Matrix or the Mother in whom by the way of the working of mans Seede and by the way of suffering of the Womans Seed mixt together so that each of them worketh in other and suffereth in other there is engendred Embreon And further it is to bee noted that this Sperme that commeth both to man and woman is made and gathered of the most best and purest drops of Blood in all the body and by the labour and chafing of the Testikles or Stones this Blood is turned into another kind and is made Sperme And in man it is hot white and thicke wherefore it may not spread nor runne abroad of it selfe but runneth and taketh temperance of the Womans sperme which hath contrary qualities For the womans sperme is thinner colder and feebler And as some Authors hold opinion when this matter is gathered into the right side of the Matrix then it happeneth a Male-kind and likewise on the left the Female and where the vertue is most there it favoureth most And further it is to bee noted that like as the Renet of the Cheese hath by himselfe the way or vertue of working so hath the Milke by way of suffering and as the Renet and milke make the Cheese so doth the sperme of Man and Woman make the generation of Embreon of the which thing springeth by the vertue of kindly heate a certaine Skin or Caule into the which it lappeth it selfe in wherewith afterwards it is tyed to the Mothers wombe the which covering commeth forth with the byrth of the Childe and if it happen that any of the Skinne remaine after the byrth of the Child then is the Woman in perill of her life Furthermore it is said that of this Embreon is ingendred the Heart the Liver the Braynes Nerves Veynes Arteirs Chords Lygaments Skins Gristles and Bones receiving to them by kindly vertue the menstruall blood of which is engendred both flesh and fatnesse And as Writers say the first thing that is shapen be the principals as is the Heart Liver and Braine For of the Heart springeth the Artiers of the Liver the Veines and of the Brain the Nerves and when these are made Nature maketh and shapeth both Bones and Gristles to keepe and save them as the bones of the head for the Brain the Breast Bones and the Ribbes for the Heart and the Liver And after these springeth all other members one after another and thus is the Child bred forth in foure degrees as thus The first is when the said Sperme or Seed is at the first as it were Milke The second is when it is turned from that kind into another kind is yet but as a lumpe of Blood and this is called of Hypocrates Fettus The third degree is when the principals be shapen as the Heart Liver and Braine The fourth and last as when all the other members bee perfectly shapen then it receiveth the Soule with Life and Breath and then it beginneth to move it selfe alone Now in these foure degrees aforesaid in the first as Milke it continueth seven dayes in the second as Fettus nine dayes in the third as a lumpe of Flesh engendring the principals the space of nine dayes and in the fourth unto the time of full perfection of all the whole members is the space of eighteene dayes So is there fixe and forty dayes from the day of Conception unto the day of full perfection and receiving of the Soule as God best knoweth Now to come againe to the Anatomy of the Haunches Then come wee to Longaon otherwise called the Taile-gut whose substance is Pannicular as of all the other Bowels the length of it is of a span long stretching nigh to the Reynes his nether part is called Annis that is to say the Towell and about him is found two Muscles the one to open the other to shut Also there is found in him five Veâ—nes or Branches of Veynes called Venae Emoraidales and they have Colliganes with the Bladder whereof they are partners in their grieves And when this Longaon is raised up then ye may see the Veynes and Artiers and Sinewes how they bee branched and bound down to the nether parts the parts proceeding outwardly are Didimus Peritoneum the Yard the Testikles and Buttocks And first it shall be spoken of the Yard or of mans generative members the which dureth unto that part that is called Peritoneum the which place is from the Coddes unto the Fundament whereupon is a seame Wherefore saith the Philosopher mans Yard is
Theoricke and Practicke Theorick to know and Practicke to worke The ground of the Theoricke is to know the Elements and Humours that proceedeth from them which is for mans health or against it Letchcraft teaches us Causes effects and Signes Signes to know the causes and effects and therefore J treat of signes and many signes doth belong to Physicke and Chyrurgerie as Crisses Urine Pounces Vomits Sege and other c. Chyrurgerie is in Wounds Impostumes and Algebra and Chyrurgerie holdeth foure parts viz. Wounds and Impostumes Algebra and Anatomie And Antidotary is the fift which is a kind of Salves against all kind of Sores that belongeth to Chyrurgerie Algebra is broken Bones and bones out of joynt Antidotary of Chyrurgerie is in Waters Powders Oyles Oyntments and Emplaisters most principall some must bee repercussive some Moleficative some Maturative some generative and some Corosive Anotomie is to know the Body of man throughout and all his Members within and without Two members hath every manner of man viz. Principall and Officiall and foure principall every man hath viz. Braine Heart Liver and Stones the Braine hath the head and necke the Heart hath the Lungs Brest and Midriffe the Liver hath the stomacke and other members downe to the Reynes as Guts Gall and the Kelle veyne and Milt the Milt upon the left side and the gall upon the Liver the Stones hath Reynes Bladder and other Privities and these are the foure principall members Braine Heart Liver and Stones and without Braine Heart and Liver no man can live and without Stones can no man engender three things in the Stones is cause of engendring Heat Wind and humours Heat commeth from the Liver Spirit from the Heart and humours from the Braines that man is made of if any of these foure be faulty that man can not as he should kindly engender These sixe vertues are rooted in the Liver viz. Attractive Digestive Diminusive Expulsive Retentive and a Simulative that is in our English tongue Drawing and breaking out putting holding and liking For first Nature draweth in that which it needeth to live by and then all to breake it and then departeth the good from the bad and holdeth to it the good and then dispierseth the good to all the members of the Body Officiall members bee those that have certaine offices in mans Body where ever they be as the Eye to see the Eare to heare the Hand to touch the Mouth to speake the Feet to goe and many such other c. Also such are called members as branches from the principall to the officiall as the Arme or Legge that rooteth in the principall and brancheth to the officials And so Nerves Artiers Veynes Lygaments Chords Bones Pannicles and Gristles Flesh and Skin to teach them their Office But Nerves Veynes and Artiers bee most needfull for they bee Wells and Rootes of all other Nerves comming from the Braine and Artiers from the Heart and Veynes from the Liver into all the body Nerves giveth to the Body feeling and moving and Artiers leaving and Veynes increasing A Veyne hath but one Tunacle and an Artier hath two in the one runneth Bloud and in the other spirits and all beating Veynes bee Artiers the which J call Pulses and all other be simple Veynes and all such members saving Flesh alone are melancholious and their nature is Sperme but flesh is Sanguine and therefore it may be sodered be it never so much cut but the other said members because their matter is Sperme may never be sodered if they be much cue Now will J speake of Wounds which is the second part of Chyrurgerie ONe of these intentions hath every Surgion The first is to containe that that iâ— evill loosed the second is to loose that that is evill contained the third is to take away that that is too much the fourth is to increase that that is too little In these foure entents standeth all Chirurgery The first is in Wounds the second is Impostumes the third and fourth Algâ—brâ— holdeth Wounds be in many manners Simple and Compound Simple in the flesh alone and compound in seven manners There be seven things that letteth a wound not lightly to heale viz. Empostumes discrased hollownesse or bitten by a venemous Beast and these letteth a Chirurgion suddenly to heale a wound and if a Sinew bee cut or pricked or wounded to the Bone or if the wound bee hollow or else discrased with a Fever or bruised or made by venemous Beasts then mayest thou not as thou wouldest close up a wound And if a wound lacke all these seven things then it is simple Thus Medicine is Letchcraft that is both Physicke and Chirurgery and every one of them hath first his Theoricke perfectly to know and afterwards his Practique cunningly to worke the grounds of both which Qualities are Elements and Humours and â—â—â—nes most needfull both of Urine and Pulses Thus much for the Theoricke Divers things very necessary for every Practitioner in Surgerie to have in a readinesse And first for Instruments viz. NOvacula Spâ—â—illâ—â— Sâ—alpâ—llâ—â— Latâ—â— Spâ—â—illâ—â— Forâ—icis Styluâ— Volsellâ— Acuâ— Caâ—â—liâ—ula Forata Fasâ—iâ— Habâ—â—â— ad membra laquâ—â— intepcipiâ—â—dâ— Panniâ—uli linei ad vâ—lâ—â—ra abligaâ—â—â— Lintâ—a concâ—rpta Aâ—risâ—alpiuâ—â— Forcipâ—s ad dâ—â—tes â—vâ—llâ—ndâ—s Ferraâ—entuâ— quâ—â—râ—â—i dâ—ntes â—radâ—â—tur â—nâ—inus or as Câ—lsuâ— calleth it Hamulâ—â—â—â—â—â—sum 2. For sodaine Accidents HE must have in readinesse Powders Unguents and Emplasters They serve to stop Bleeding to conglutinate Wounds to clense foule and rotten Ulcers to mollifie hardnesse to produce a Cicatrix and Skinne to remove away all excrescent and corrupt Flesh to cease paine to strengthen Fractures and Luxations 3. For Powders THey are of three sorts The first is to stay Bleeding as that which is framed of Bolus Armoniae of Rosis of Mastickes and Pollin The second is for Fractures of the Scull and hurts of other Bones and is called Pulvis Cephalicus and is framed of Radicibus irâ—os of Aristâ—lâ—â—â—iae of Myrrhe Aloes and such like The third is to remove away excrescent and corrupt Flesh as Alumen ustuâ— of Pul praeâ—ipit Merâ—urii and such like 4. For Vnguents HE must have Vnguentum Basilicon which doth humect digest and cease paine Vnguentum album Rhasis which doth Refrigerate coole and dry Vnguentum Aureum called of some Regis which doth Incarnate and conglutinate Wounds together Vnguentum Dialthea simplex which doth Calefie soften humect and also cease paine Vnguentum Apostolorum which doth deterge mollifie dry and remove away corrupt and superfluous Flesh And of like faculty almost is Mundificativum ex apiâ— and Aegyptiacum 5. For Emplasters DIachilon compositum which doth ripen Apostumes and doth mollifie and resolve hardnesse and doth digest and also absterge Diacalciteos commonly called Diapalma which doth conglutinate Ulcers produceth Cicatrix and skinne and according to the opinion of Galen is very fit for the curing of Phlegme Emplastrum de Betonica which is also called De Janua it doth unite
to consume and the powder put within and without abateth swolne cheekes Oxificicentia Phenicon Dactilis Indie Tamarindus They that bee good be neither too moyst nor too hard and be somewhat blacke and somewhat sower the Rind nor the Seed must not be used in Medicines It hath vertue to purge Choller to clense the Blood and to abate unkind heat Os de cordâ— Cervi is the bone of the Harts heart on the left side it is good to purge Melancholy blood and Cardiacle and Sinicapos or Sincapos with the juyce of Borage and Os Sexi will make the Teeth white Dog-Fennell the root is good for the Strangury Oissury and stopping of the Liver and Spleene Pine apples the Kernels doe moysten and open and is good for the disease in the Brest or Cough or Eticke or Consumption and to increase good blood Damsons bee cold and moyst in the third degree gather them when they be ripe and cleave them in the Sun and spring them with Vineger above and then yee may keepe them two yeare in a vessell Their vertue is to coolâ— a man and make his Guts light and therefore they be good in Fevers against the costivenesse that commeth of drynesse or of Cholerick humours in the Guts when they be ripe to cut and when they be dry soke them in water and eate the Prune and drinke the water Psilium is cold and moyst in the third degree his vertue is to make soft and light and to coole a mans body and to draw together Purslene is good both raw and sodden to abate unkind heat in Cholerick men Pitch-liquid hath vertue to dissolve and consume Ponticum is good for the stopping of the Liver and Spleene that commeth of cold Storax hath vertue both to comfort and consume and to fasten Teeth and comfort the Gummes Squilla is a Sea-Onion and that is found by himselfe is deadly his vertue is to purge and to dissolve but the outer and inner parts must be cast away for they bee deadly and that which is in the middest may bee put in Medicines and it hath more vertue raw than sodden Seeds within the berries of Elder is good to purge Flegme Stavisacre hath vertue to dissolve consume draw and purge Flegme and Litargie and to put away heavinesse from the heart if it be taken and put in the nose Sâ—apium is good and hath vertue to dissolve consume draw and laxe and heale it is good for fallings downe of the Mother with suffumigation or supositor and for the tearmes of the secondine or dead Child Saracoll if it be right it is good it hath vertue to straine together and to sooder Drinke Calamint sodden in Wine for coldnesse of the stomack and for stopping of the Liver and Spleen the Reynes and Bladder and Illiacâ— passio Saterion his root is green and hath vertue to unloose mans nature Saligem his vertue is to dissolve and consume Scabius while hee is greene hath vertue to dissolve consume and cleanse Dragons take the roote and cleave it and dry it in the Sun yee may keepe it two yeares mingle the powder of Dragons with Sope and wet a Tent therein and put it deepe into a fester and it will clense and enlarge it and if there be a bone in it it will draw it out or else loose it that yee may take it out lightly Sene is to purge Melancholy and Epilencie and Fever quartaine and Emerodes for the Spleene and Liver take Cardiacle sodden in water and put to Sage and make a Syrope or the Juyce of Borage and Suger is very good Terra sigillata terra sarasincia terra argenta is all one manner of earth his vertue is to constraine together Turbith if it be hollow small and of an Ash-colour and gummie it is good It hath vertue to dissolve and draw humours from the uttermost part of a mans body and namely Fleame for the Gout and Illiaca and Podegra and Chiragra give him foure scruples of Turbith mingled with some other Medicine and it will doe the like Taplia or faiters Hearbe his vertue is to purge above and beneath both greene and dry for it is never given by himselfe he that stampeth it let him hide his face and eyes that he see not also keepe close his Testacles or else they will swell With this Hearbe beggers doe make themselves seeme to have the Dropsie upon them Tartar is the Lees of Wine and hath vertue to dissolve and dryeth away filth and to abate a mans fatnesse Terbentine a fugimation thereof is good for the subfumigation of the Mother Virga Pastoris or Shepheards rod hath vertue to straine together to coole and to fill that is empty and is good for the Fluxe Bryona or wild Neppe is hot and dry the roote thereof maketh a woman to have her tearmes and delivereth a dead Child or secondine Flower-de-Luce the Root of it washt and scraped cleane being dryed and finely beaten and put into a pint of new Milke made hote upon the fire and given the patient to drinke it helpeth the Greene sicknesse D. B. Ginger comforteth the heart and maketh good digestion Sugar is temperate hot and moyst his vertue is to moysten and nourish and to loose if it be mingled with cold things to coole The excellent vertues of Cardus Benedictus IT is very good for the Head-ache and the Megrim For the use of the juyce and powder of the Leaves preserveth and keepeth a man from the Head-ach and healeth it being present it quickneth the sight if the Juyce of it be layd on the Eyes The Powder stanches blood that flowes out of the Nose or commeth out of the Lungs the broath of it taken with Wine maketh an appetite It is good for any Ache in the body it strengtheneth the members of the body and fasteneth loose sinewes and weak It is also good for the Dropsie it breaketh also the Stone and breaketh an Impostume it preserveth one from the Pestilence if the powder be taken in water foure and twenty houres before a man come to the Infected place It is good for the dizzinesse of the Head It helpeth the memory It helpeth thicke hearing It is good for short winds and the diseases of the Lungs Some write that it strengtheneth the Teeth others write â—hat it bringeth down Flowers and provoketh sleepe and helpeth the Falling sicknesse It is also good for falls and bruises the Leaves provoke sleepe the Powder is good against all poyson the same put into the Guts by a Glyster It helpeth the Collicke and other diseases of the Guts and the wounds of t he same They write also that the water of Cardus Benedictus helpeth rednesse and the itching of the Eyes and the Juyce doth the same for Burnings and for Carbunckles There is nothing better for the Canker and old festering sores the Leaves are good for Fomentations and to be sitten over being sodden in water that the Vapour may come to the diseased places also it is good
red barke of an Ivie tree dryed and beaten into fine powder and after sâ—arse it through a fine Searse also take a like quantity of blacke Jeat beaten and searsed in like manner and being mingled together drinke thereof with Wine or Ale blood warme five or sixe times Divers Medicines for the Stone and Strangulion TAke a quart of Milke and a handfull of Bay leaves another of Time of red Sage and of Parcely of each a handfull and a quart of Malmesey a little Rosemary and boyle them all together from a quart to a pinte but yet let the Milke and the Herbes be boyled all whole together from a quart to a pint before the Malmsey come in and then use it Another Take Reddish leaves and seethe them in Ale and give it the Patient to drinke and it will cause him to make water Another Take red Bramble-berries before they be blacke and Ivie-berries and Acornes put them in a Pot and dry them untill they be ready to be beaten to powder then take Alisander seed Parcely seed Gromell seed Coriander seed Broome seed and the seed of the Nut-tree the inner pithe of Ash-keyes take of all these a like quantity also and beat them to powder and mingle them together with Liquor of a double quantity then use to drinke it Evening and Morning sodden in posset Ale made with white Wine and put of this powder often in your Pottage when you eat them and so use it continually till you find ease Excellent Remedies for the Stone in the Bladder and to provoke Vrine TAke life Hony and Rhenish wine of each a quart Saxifrage Phillipendula and Pellitorie of the wall of each a handfull distill all these in Balma Maria with a very slow fire keepe it in a cold place in Pewter or earthen vessels and drinke thereof the quantity of halfe a pint every morning fasting and afterwards eate the quantity of a Walnut of life Honey and use to fast and walke an houre after it Another Take a pint of Milke and put into it a pint of wilde Mallow leaves let them boyle together a quarter of an houre then make a Posset drinke of Ale or Beere take off the Curds and Mallow leaves then set your Posset to boyle againe and put into it a good stick of Licorice well bruised one spoonfull of Anniseeds and halfe a spoonfull of Parcely seeds well bruised and so of Suger Candy the quantity of a small Walnut boyle all these to the quantity of half a pint or lesse then straine it and at your going to bed drinke it blood-warme putting into it a quarter of a grated Nutmeg It is approved Another Take a pottle of Ale and a Flint stone taken from the Chalke and beaten to powder and a pennyworth of Reddish rootes boyle all these together to a quart then straine it thrice and drinke thereof Evening and morning Another Take Saxifrage and Rosemary of each a like quantity and seethe it in white Wine till all the herbes bee throughly sodden then straine it and drinke it cold Evening and morning Another Take Gromell Parcely Violets and red Nettles put them into a Morter and bray them then take the Kernels of Cherry-stones and bray them by it selfe and seethe all together in white Wine and drinke it Morning and evening Another Take Perstone unset Leekes and Damsons of each a like qu antity boyle them and clarifie them with the whites of Egges then take the juyce and drinke it with Wine or Ale in quantity double so much as the juyce is Another Take a handfull of Bay-berries and the shell of an Egge when the Chicken is new hatcht out of it and beat them together then take the powder and put it into Ale or Wine and give it the Patient to drinke and by the grace of God it shall helpe him For the Stone in the Reynes or Bladder MAke a Bath with Parcely Alisanders Pellitory Fennell and Saxifrage and let the Patient sit therein up to the Navill then let them drinke the Powder of these seeds and the Herbes with warme white Wine for this is a principall practice for this disease Probatum est An Injection for the Stone TAke a quart of Barley water and boyle therein a handfull of Mallow leaves and as much of Violet leaves till halfe the water be consumed then put thereto three spoonfuls of Mel Rosarum and let the party take it as an Injection with a Searinge For any evill in the Bladder TAke Ashe Parcely and Fennell of all alike put them and temper them with water and drinke it and it shall helpe thee well to Pisse and it shall cast out the Stone and heate well thy stomacke A Powder to breake the Stone TAke the blood of the heart of a Kid and of a Foxe the blood of the heart of both a like quantity take the bladder of a Boare and all that is therein and put this blood thereto take the juyce of Saxifrage and juyce of Parcely of each a like quantity and put these in the Bladder also and hang up the Bladder in the smoake over the fire untill such time it be congealed together as hard as a stone and make powder thereof and drink it with hote Licour when thou wilt first and last and this shall breake the stone to powder and make it voyd away To ease the paine of the Stone BEate the stones of Medlers into powder and drinke it with stild Milke or with white Wine Another Take Turpentine of Jeane make it in little balls and rowle it in fine Suger and swallow it downe whole Against the new Ague by Doctor Langdon TAke Sorrell Sowthistill Endine Dandelion Succorie croppes of Fennell with Mallowes with Violet leaves of each one handfull and seeth them all in a gallon of stale Ale to a pottle with skimming that done straine out the liquor and make thereof an Ale posset and let the Patient drinke thereof as oft as he is a thirst putting into every dra ught as much Treacle as the bignesse of a Beane and ye shall be healed For an Ague By Doctor Turner TAke Featherfew Worme-wood and Sorrell of each a good great handfull stampe them and straine them â—ard and put thereto as much Suger in weight as the juyce weigheth and put them in a strong Glasse in a Skillet of warme water the space of foure and twenty houres before you give it to the Patient and then give it twice a day two spoonefuls at a time in Ale or Posset-ale A very good Drinke for an Ague if one shake TAke a quart of strong Ale and put therein nine Bay-leaves and seethe it till it come to a pinte and then take out the Bay-leaves and put therein one penny-worth of Treacle a halfe-penny worth of Pepper stirring it well together and let it then seethe againe one walme and so take it off the fire and let the Patient drinke it as hote as he can and be covered as warm as he may abide