Vein opened an hour after the blood will continue pure Hors-dung dissolved in Carduus Water and strained doth powerfully disperse the pain and the humor in the Pleurisie White Hen-dung given in a dram of the same Water doth as much These Dungs have much Volotile Salt which is very piercing and discussing You may make a Potion of them both thus Take of Hemp seed one ounce bruise them then put to them of the white Dung of a Hen and of Horse Dung of each half an ounce dissolve them in five ounces of Carduus Water strain them and drink it The Blood of a wild Goat given to ten drops with the aforesaid Water doth powerfully discuss the Pleurisie In the want thereof you may give the blood of a tame Goat But because the strength of him is little you may give thereof to the quantity of one dram You must prepare it thus Hang up the Goat by the Horns and bend his hinder Legs backward to his Horns then cut out his Stones and take the Blood in a broad Vessel dry it in the Sun in Summer or at other times upon an Oven It is far different from the Goats Blood in the Shops The Soot of a Chimney given to a dram is very good but much rather the spirit of Soot described by Hartman in his Practice of Physick In an Epidemical Pleurisie Sudoroficks are to be given such as are prescribed in malignant Feavers which also ought to be made as proper for this Disease as may be A Diarrhoea coming upon a Pleurisie is dangerous therfore you must give Syrup of Myrtles which doth stay the Diarrhoea and also expectorate and this is to be mixed with other Syrups Let me Belly and Reins be anointed with astringents as useth to be done in all Diarrhoea's Give Clysters made of Barley Water which as Galen saith doth cool and astringe if it be boyled with red Roses and also Yolks of Eggs be dissolved in it Chap. 3. Of Peripneumonia or Inflamation of the Lungs PEripneumonia hath the same essence with a Pleurisie and is distinguished only by the part affected because that is the inflamation of the Lungs and this of the Membrane that compasseth the Ribs They differ somwhat in the matter for a Pleurisie comes often of Choller but a Peripneumonia of Flegm although all humors as we said of a Pleurisie may produce this disease I mean humors which are like blood and make up the mass of it For as thick humors do hardly penetrate the thick Membrane called Pleura but thin and Chollerick easily so on the other side thick flegmatick humors do easily go to the soft and thin substance of the Lungs and stick close thereto but thin and Chollerick humors do easily pass by But this hindereth not but the Chollerick blood may somtimes cause the Inflamation of the Lungs as Hippocrates 1. de morbis describeth the Erysipelas or Chollerick tumor of the Lungs which comes from Chollerick blood thrown into the Lungs from the right Ventricle of the Heart by the Arterial Vein But an oedematous Inflamation comes from flegmatick blood falling upon the Lungs by way of defluxion from the Head But only excrementitious flegm falling as a Catarrh from the Brain can make a Peripneumonia because it putrifieth in the Lungs and attracteth blood by the mixture whereof there is an Inflamation and this often happeneth in old folk Mesue saith that this Peripneumonia comes rather of Choller because the Lungs are nourished with Chollerick blood which cometh in great plenty to them by the Arterial Vein To whom we answer that fresh thin and steeming blood made in the right Ventricle of the Heart is carried into the Lungs which by reason of its purity is easily governed by Nature and is sent by the Venal Artery to the left Ventricle of the Heart and it seldom is altered from its Natural condition which useth to make a Peripneumonia But contrarily a defluxion from the Head cutting through the large passages into the Bronchia of the Lungs if it there putrifie will draw blood unto it and make a Peripneumonia This Peripneumonia is somtimes alone without another disease somtimes it followeth other diseases as Squinzy or Pleurisie Galen in Com. 11. Sect. 7. Aphor. teacheth that a Peripneumonia doth follow a Pleurisie two waies Either when a Pleurisie is turned into a Peripneumonia or when an inflamation of the Lungs followeth a Pleurisie This transmutation is when the former disease ceaseth and the other comes but it comes upon it when it is white the former remaineth Therefore the immediate internal cause of a Peripneumonia is blood often flegmatick seldom chollerick and most seldom melanchollick Which either comes from the whol body being plethorick or cachochymical that is full or of evil habit or from some part which is replete or distempered The External Causes of Peripneumonia and Pleurisie are the same namely whatsoever defluxion can come to those parts the chief whereof are First great exercise and violent motion of the Body especially after long rest and high feeding For then the humors abounding from high diet and kept in by long rest by exercise are dispersed attenuated and heated and are after sent to the weaker parts most fit to receive them among which the Breast and Lungs are chief because by strong exercise there is caused great and often breathing and so they become wearied and the substance of the Lungs being soft and loose can easily receive the humors coming to them Secondly Among the external Causes the cold and Northernly Air is reckoned when it comes suddenly after a Southern and warm for the pores are opened by warm Air and the humors are more fluid which by the cold Air coming after are compressed and the humors sent to the weak parts Lastly From Hipp. lib. of Air Places and Waters the drinking of standing Pools and Lakes begets the Peripneumonia for saith the Divine old man we observe diseases of the Lungs to be most in Marshy Countries Also the Signs of a Peripnumonia do agree with the signs of a Pleurisie Two are the same as a sharp Feaver and a Cough which somtimes is dry somtimes moist or with more Flegmatick spittle coloured with Choller or Blood and in the progress of time the spittle becomes Mattery when the matter of the Disease grows ripe and concocted by heat which somtimes comes to pass when the substance of the Lungs is not hurt for if they ulcerate a Consumption wil sollow So we may observe That in sore Eyes that are Mattery the humors are converted into Matter when the substance of the Eye is neither suppurated nor ulcerated The other signs differ in respect of the part affected the difficulty of Breathing is greater than in a Pleurisie by reason of the narrowness of the part inflamed so that the Patient seems to be choaked and cannot breath but with the head upright For the part cannot be compressed by reason of the extention and repletion nor be more dilated
Diseases But the Heart hath a Natural Faculty to contract and dilate it self therefoâ—e a Palpitation cannot be without its motion And they do in vain muster up Galens Reasons so thought by them to prove that the Palpitation of the Heart comes not by Nature but by a Diâ—ease or cause of a Disease For Galen in all those places speaks of no other Palpitation than that which is in the Skin and other external parts and not of the palpitation of the Heart which is of another Nature and Galen 2. de sympt caus cap. 2. saith that the Palpitation of the Heart and Arteries is different from that of the other parts Therefore the Palpitation of the Heart is an immoderate and preternatural shaking of the part with a great Diastole or Dilatation and a vehement Systole or contraction which somtimes is so great that as Fernelius observes it hath often broken the Ribs adjoyning somtimes displaced them which are over the Paps and somtimes it hath so dilated an Artery forth into an Aneurism as big as ones fist in which you might both see and feel the pulsation This immoderate shaking of the Heart comes from the Pulsative Faculty provoked But here may be objected That in Feavers all these things are found for this is an immoderatâ— Systole and Diastole by the provocation of the Faculty through some troublesom matter or by encrease of heat in the Heart To this we answer That the motion of the Heart in Feavers is distinguished from Palpitation only by its degrees and the depraved motion of the Heart when it is vehement is called Palpitation but if it be not vehement it is called a quick great and swift Pulse and is referred to the differenceâ— of Pulses Now the Efficient Causes of this Palpitation may be referred to Three Heads Either it is somwhat which troubleth and pricketh or necessity of Refrigeration or defect of Spirits which two latter may be referred to the encrease of Custom The Molesting Cause is most usual so that many Authors knew no other the other are rare and that is either a vapor or wind which troubleth the Heart either in quantity or quality or both The quality is either manifest or occult A vapor troublesom in a manifest quality is either in the Heart and its parts adjoyning or it is sent from other parts and this suddenly getting to the inmost parts of the Heart doth stir up the Expulâ—ive Faculty which being Naturally very strong ariseth powerfully with all its force to expel the enemy In the Heart and thereabout especially in the Pericardium are gathered somtimes cold and thick Humors which send up vapors to the Ventricles of the Heart which cause Palpitation But from more remote parts vapors and wind are sent to the Ventricles of the Heart as from the Stomach Spleen Mother and the other parts of the lower Belly Many times a Vapor that troubles the Heart by an occult quality ariseth in malignant Feavers Plague and after Poyson and somtimes from Worms putrified and the terms stopped from corrupt feed or other putrid matter which do much stir up the Expulsive Faculty thereof Divers Humors do molest the Heart either with their quantity or quality so too much Blood oppresâ—ing the Veins Arteries and Ventricles of the Heart so that they cannot move freely makes a Palpitation by hindering motion which that the Faculty may oppose it moveth more violently So Water in the Pericardium being in great quantity doth compreâ—s the substance of the Heart and its Ventricle so that they cannot freely dilate themselves The same do Humors flowing in abundance to the Heart as it happens somtimes in Wounds Fear and Terror Humors offending in quality hurt the Heart if they be venemous putrid corrupt sharp or too hot especially burnt Choller coming to the Heart and provoking its Expulsion Also Tumors though seldom cause this Disease as Inflamation of the Heart Imposthumes or Swelling in the Arteries of the Lungs neer the Heart which Galen saith befel Antipater the Physitian 4. de loc aff by which after an unequal Pulse he fell into a Palpitation and an Asthma and so died so Dodonaeus reports that he found a Callus in the great Artery next to the Heart which caused a Palpitation for many yeers Also Tumors in the Pericardium whether they be without humors and scirrhus or with humors in them as the Hydatides or watery Pustles and little stones bones and pieces of flesh are somtimes growing in the Heart which cause Palpitation So Platerus reports that in one who had a long Palpitation and died thereof there was found a bone in his Heart But Schenkius reports that in a Priest who was from his youth to the age of forty two troubled with a Palpitation there was found in the bottom of his Heart an Excrescens of flesh which weighed eight drams and resembled another Heart The Second Cause of Palpitation is necessity of refrigeration which is when there is a pretâ—â—natural heart in the Heart by which the Spirits are inflamed within and therefore the motion of the Heart and Arteries is encreased that what is spent may be restored and the heat cooled and this comes somtimes from an internal cause which is rare but oftener of an external as anger vehement exercise and the like As Platerus observed in a yong man who being hot and angry at Tennis fell into a Palpitation of the Heart and so died The third Cause is the defect of Spirits which comes by hunger watching anger Joy fear shame and great Diâ—eases and other causes which do suddenly dissipate the Spirits which defect the Heart laboring to repair that it may beget more quick and plentiful and send them into the whol Body sooner it doth enlarge its motion and make it quicker You must observe for conclusion that it is more ordinary to see a Palpitation which comes by consent from other parts than from the Heart it self For it hath a consent with all parts by the Veins and Artâ—ries by which Vapors Wind and Humors are sent Which all shall be shewed in the Diagnosis following The Diagnosis or knowledg of this Disease is directed either to the Disease or the Causes which produce it The Disease is subject to sence it may be felt with the hands somtimes seen and heard for the Artery may be seen to leap especially in the Jugular And Forestus saith it may be heard by an Example of a yong man that they who passed by might hear it by laying their Ear to the Window Also the Causes are distinguished by their Signs A hot distemper is known by the greatness of the Pulse and swiftness by a Feaver and heat of the Breast by great and often breathing and desire of cold things If the Palpitation come of wind it quickly comes and goes and is presently raised by little motion and the Breath is difficult with trembling somtimes at the knees mists in the Eyes noise in the Ears and somtimes pain of some
although it be much dilated yet it takes in but little Air therefore the respiration is quick and often with snorting This is augmented by a Feaver by which the breath is hotter and the desire of cold air is greater The Pulse is great faint and soft by reason of Flegm and the looseness of the Lungs yet there is some hardness by the Choller and blood it is unequal from the compression of the Artery neer the Heart and in thick Humors most Somtimes it is intermitting watery vermicular when the Lungs are rotten by too much moisture There is a heavy pain that reacheth from the Breast to the Back somtimes it is between the Shoulders and somtimes under one only Shoulder and from thence communicated to the Throat and Pap Especially in a Cough somtimes they feel no pain til they begin to Cough somtimes there is also a pricking pain in the side when it is joyned with a Pleurisie as it often happeneth Although the Membrane that covers the Lungs be of the same nature with the Pleura as Galen taught 4. de loc affect cap. 5. Yet there is not so great pain in a Peripneumonia as in a Pleurisie for two Differences which are laid down by Galen in the place afore-cited The First is Because the Nerves that go to the Membrane of the Lungs are few and very little but they which go to the Pleura are many and great Th Other is Because the Breast consists of Bones and Flesh which wil not be stretched from whence the pain is greater But the Lungs are soft and yeilding and therefore their pain is less There is Redness in the Cheeks by reason of the hot vapors which fly into the head and carrying with them the thinner blood And this Colour is most in the Cheeks because their skin is thinnest There are besides these signs Heaviness Weakness and a Tossing with great sense of Heat in the whol Body The Tongue is Yellow and then it groweth Red a great thirst swelling of the Eyes and of the veins of the Temples There is a Delirium or Doting when it comes from Choller and a Coma when it comes from Flegm If the Disease comes of Chollerick blood the spittle wil be yellow the heat and thirst greater more difficulty of breathing with less Heaviness the air breathed forth is more hot the Feaver is very violent the Pulse swift the Delirium great the Water thin yellow and cleer the age time of the year the Country and Diet before do al attest for Choller If Flegm which is most ordinary produce the Disease the spittle wil be white viscous and froathy the Feaver burning of the Breast thirst and driness of the tongue wil be less the weight of the Breaâ—â— greater the Pulse slower and softer the Age old Habit of body time of the Yeer and the Country are cold and moist If the Disease come from pure Blood the Spittle wil be Red the Urin Red and Thick the Face more Red the Veins of the Temples more swoln with heaviness and distention of the whol body and other things that declare abundance of blood Lastly If Melancholly blood be the Cause the Spittle wil be black or blewish the Tongue black from the beginning dry and rough there wil be also heaviness and great sighing between breathing and al the signs of Melancholly predominating in the whol body The Prognostick of this Disease is thus to be made A Peripneumonia is more dangerous than a Pleurisie and for the most part deadly by reason of the necessity of respiration and the neerness of the Heart Celsus saith That this kind of Disease hath more Danger than Pain and for the most part Killeth But strength of Body less vehemency of Symptomes yellow Spittle not mixed with much Blood raised in the beginning a great flux of blood at the Nose in the Critical day or a flux of the Belly which is Chollerick and froathy or a flux of the Hemorrhoids or Terms do shew some hope of recovery Imposthumes about the Ears or inferior parts being well suppurated and kept open do foretel recovery as Hipp. in proga If a Peripneumonia be turned into a Pleurisie it is good and though it seldom happen as Galen teacheth Comment Aphor. 11. Sect. 7. because there is a going from a Disease more dangerous to one less dangerous And this transmutation is known by a pricking pain of the side coming thereupon and by abating the shortness of breath But the vehemency of the Disease and symptomes do declare a dangerous and deadly Peripneumonia as want of spittle continual watching a Delirium or Coma coldness of the extream parts snorting with great difficulty of breathing blewness and crookedness of the nails Moreover A Peripneumoma coming upon a Pleurisie is most dangerous as Hippocrates teacheth Aph. 11. Sect. 7. because the translation of a humor from an ignoble part to a more noble is evil and the strength being spent by the disease foregoing can endure the force of a new and worâ—e When the urine is thick in the beginning of the Disease and after before the fourth day it becomes thin death is at hand Hipp. in Coacis The Cure of the Peripneumonia is very like that of the Pleurisie and there must be first bleeding as much as the strength will permit once or twice in a day till the disease abate for since the Lungs are then full of blood and draw much from the heart which is inflamed you need not fear to let blood thrice four five or six times But if a Peripneumonia follow a Squinzy or Pleurisie you may let blood more warily because the strength is abated by the former Disease You must let blood from the Basilica Vein of both arms if the whol Lungs be equally affected or from either on that side the pain is or on which the Patient sets more weight or from which he supposeth he raiseth most spittle You must bleed women in this disease first in the Ancle Vein and after within six hours in the Arm except it be so desperate that you are constrained at the first to bleed in the Arm. In which case all the time you bleed and a little before you must apply Cupping-glasses to the Thighs But after if the strength will not permit further phlebotomy you must apply Cupping-glasses to the Shoulders and â—ack both dry and with Scarrification as much as the Patient can suffer Also Emollient and loosening Clysters are good revulsives but you must not use too strong purging Medicines therein lest you bring a flux of the Belly which is most dangerous in this Disease If a crude flegmatick humor coming from the head cause this disease or nourish it a Vesicatory laid to the hinder part of the Head doth very much good In the mean while use the Juleps and Emulsons prescribed in the Cure of a Pleurisie Anoint the breast with Oyl of Violets sweet Almonds or with fresh Butter or the like or with this Liniment Take of Oyl
5. A Suppuration on both sides of the Thorax is more dangerous than in one also that on the lâ—fâ— side is more dangerous than on the right by reason of the left Ventricle of the heart which is more greivously affected with the matter gathered on that side Whosoever are Burnt or Cut for a Suppuration if the Matter cometh forth pure and white they escape but if it be bloody foul and stinking they die Aphor. 44. Sect. 7. If the Matter flow plentifully by Stool and Urine and the Patient continue strong it is a sign oâ— Recovery although this Evacuation is very seldom yet is it spoken of by Galen Aetius and Paulus As also the way declared by Galen through which it passeth 3. de loc affect cap. 4. and com in aphor 30. sect 3. In the first place he speaks thus This question doth not a little disturbe thâ— followers of Erasistratus who think that there is nothing but spirits in the Arteries But we find no difficulty in it because we know that the smooth Artery in the Lungs so much Pus as it received from an Imposthume broken can carry the same into the left Ventricle of the heart which after goeâ— to the Reâ—ns by the great Artery In the last place he saith That the matter contained in the Lungâ— doth first come to the Ventricles of the Heart and then to the great Artery or by the hollow Veiâ— to the outside of the Liver from thence to the inside and so to the Guts From which you may easily see the way by which an Empyema may be purged by stool and urine If the Patient grow better and be almost clensed and then again raiseth stinking Spittle he dieth of that which remaineth and returneth Hipp. in Coac For the Cure of this Disease First if you cannot hinder the Suppuration of the matter in the Thorax you must further it by convenient Cataplasms As Take of Marsh-mallow Roots three ounces fat Figs ten Raisons stoned one ounce Chamomel and Melilot flowers of each one pugil Boyl them all well then beat them and strain them then ad the flower of Line Foenugreek seed and Wheat of each one ounce Oyl of Lillies sweet Almonds and fresh Butter and Turpentine of each one ounce Make a Cataplasm Also to help Concoction and maturation within you may give this following Apozeme Take of Marsh-mallow Roots and of the greater Comphry of each one ounce Agrimony Coltâ—foot Scabious and Maiden-hair of each one handful the four great cold seeds of each one ouncâ— Annis seeds one dram Liquoris and Raisons of the Sun stoned of each one ounce the three Cordial Flowers and Chamomel of each one pugil Make a Decoction to one pint and an half dissolve in the straining Syrup of Colts-foot Liquoris and Sugar-candy of each two ounces Maâ—â— an Apozeme perfumed with the Pouder of Flower deluce Root one dram for five mornings draughts This following Eclegma is good for the same purpose Take of the pulp of fat Figs one ounce fresh Butter two ounces Oyl of sweet Almonds newly drawn without fire one ounce Sugar candy two ounces Starch two drams Make a Lohoch Venice Turpentine washed with Barley Water given to the quantity of three drams with the pouder of Liquoris doth much profit for Maturation Discussion and Clensing But if the Empyema will not be spit up as somtimes it will not you must come to opening of it which you must do between the fourth and fifth Ribs beginning to count from below with many Cautions which are elegantly set down by many Chyrurgions especially by Hieromâ— Fabricius ab Aquapendente in his Book of Manual Operations But it is more profitable to open the Imposthume which comes from a Pleurisie before it break and the Pus flow into the Cavity of the Breast which is known by the Tumor which is against the place of Suppuration and by other signs of an Empyema And then you must not open it below and between the fourth and fifth Rib because if you make an orifice far from the imposthume there wil no matter come forth but you must open it in the middle of the Tumor first applying a Caustick But if no Tumor appear it is hard to open it before the Imposthume be broken But if any will tâ—y he must find out the place in which the Patient finds weight pain and heat And it must be made between two Ribs upon the higher part of the Rib because there is a Vein and Artery neer the Inferior which you must observe in the opening of every Empyema While the matter is taken forth by degrees let the Patient take a Wound Drink twice a day which will purge the blood clense the Ulcer and hinder putrefaction As Take of Sanicle Bugle Scabious Bettony St. Johns wort Carduus Mousear Burnet Perewinkle Agrimony Plantane of each one handful the seeds of St. Johns wort and Carduus benedictus of each half a dram Cordial Flowers one pugil Boyl them in Hydromel to a pint and an half Take six ounces every time With this same Decoction Injections may be made into the Cavity of the Breast For his Drink let him take Hydromel or Barley Water or Spring Water with Sugar If after the Breast is opened the matter do not flow freely you must draw it forth with the following Plaister which doth powerfully draw from all Imposthumes Take of Rozin of the Pine-tree that is fresh cleer and sweet half a pound Oyl of Bayes and â—urpentine of each one ounce Gum Elemi two ounces First let the Rozin and the Gum be â—elted and mixed then ad the Turpentine and the Oyls and let them boyl a little then strain â—â—em Make a Plaister thereof for the part change it once a day in Winter and twice in Sumâ—er cut it in two or three places that the matter may pass through Chap. 5. Of the Dropsie in the Breast THe Dropsie in the Breast is like to Empyema which comes from a serous humor contained in the Cavity of the Breast The common Practitioners do not describe this Disease although Hippocrates doth it excellently 2. Lib. of Diseases called dropsies in the Lungs thus There is a Feaver and a Cough quick breathing the feet swell the Nails are contracted and they suffer as â—â—ey do in an Empyema but not so violently and longer and if you powr any thing in or apply a â—omentation or fumigation the matter doth not follow and by this you may know that it is not â—atter but water that is within and if you try a long time to discover it by your Ear laid to his â—â—de it boyls inward like Vinegar after that it goes into the belly and then he seems to be recovered But in progress of time the belly is inslamed and that endureth the same or more some swell in the â—elly cods and face Thus Hippocrates This Disease seldom happeneth it is more often than it is discovered for it is not ordinarily â—nown Many relations of it are given
is fitly placed among the Diseases of the Spleen This Disease comes of Preternatural Melancholly and other adust Humors especially Blood or Choller or Natural Melancholly This Melanchollick Humor is not pure by its self but commonly mixed with others as Choller Flegm and Water from whence come the diversity of Symptomes which hereafter shal be mentioned These Humors breed in the Spleen especially when it is distempered with heat and also in the Liver hence it is that they draw meat and drink to themselves which is not concocted that which is thin of the Chyle sooner than that which is thick and then the thicker part for want of somthing to carry it staies in the Meseraick Veins and the longer it staies the thicker it grows and somtimes is burnt and afterwards coming to those parts it is not well concocted Moreover thine parts in their Natural state should concoct by boyling now do it by roasting hence comes this great adâ—stion of Humors It may also be that this Disease may be bred without the distemper of theâ—e parts from evil Nourishment that breed Melancholly blood and also from good blood retained too long in the veâ—sels and being too much as in the stoppage of the Terms and Hemorrhoids which continuing long in the Vessels is burnt and turned into Melancholly It may also come from the Stomach not well concocting but turning it into a parched Crudity from which those evil Juyces are bred in the Liver and the Spleen And Galen 3. de loc affect cap. 7. following Diocles thought the proper seat of it was in the Stomach because in this Disease there are commonly signs of an ill Stomach But it is more probable that the Stomach should be afflicted secondarily from the Liver or the Spleen as we will cleerly shew hereafter These evil Humors are gathered into the Veins and Arteries which are in the bottom of the Stomach especially in the great branches of the Gate Vein the Spleen Veins and those of the Mesentery Caul and Belly in which they have often great and grievous ferventations or workings from whence stinking Vapors are sent to the Brain Heart and Midriff which cause those divers Symptomes in those parts which we shall after mention Also the Humors are contained in the Bowels especially in the Spleen and Sweet-bread and the Glandles of the Mesentery the substance of which parts is foft and like a Spunge and therefore is more ready to receive them and harder to cast them forth Besides the Glandles which are dâ—â—persed through the Mesentery to be a prop to Veins and Arteries and to hinder least they should be pressed by the Guts being full or by any other thing If these swell much they do press upon the Vessels and hinder the passage of the Humors whence come Obstructions in those passages Boyes and yong men are little subject to this Disease by reason of their moist temper unfit to breed Melancholly but men often because the Humors are burnt by heat in youth and when that heat decaies and the thin parts are exhaled there is a great encrease of Melancholly The Antecedent and principal Causes of this Disease are first Meats of evil Juyce and hard of Concoction which are fit to breed Melancholly as brown Bread or unleavened or crusty Pulse Cheese hard Eggs and fried Meats Water Fowl Beef Venison Hairs and all Salt and smoaked Meats and many other things of hard substance Secondly Great Passions of long continuance especially Sadness are very powerful to breed this Disease because they disperse the Spirits by which means the Concoction is weakened and so there is great Crudity which being burnt by the hot Bowels turn into Melancholly Thirdly Idleness by which the Excrements are retained especially if there be much study and watching hence it is that learned men and such as â—it much are very subject to this Disease Lastly The stoppage of the Terms and Hemorrhoids both in respect of their quality and quantity produce it For when Melanchollick Salt and burnt Humors used to be discharged by those waies if they are stopped they return to the Hypochondria and cause this Disease The Knowledg of this is taken from the Symptomes which follow and they are many because almost all parts of the Body suffer thereby when it is high We shall reckon them up admonishing first That all do not happen to all Patients but some to one some to another according to the diversity of the Humor and the part affected First therefore the Stomach commonly suffers not principally as Galen from Diocles supposed but secondarily When Blood coming from the Branches of the Gate Vein to nourish the Stomach is not good from whence the Stomach being ill nourished doth ill concoct and turns its Meat into corruption Hence comes a circular Evil when the Liver and Spleen send evil Blood to the Stomach and the Stomach breeds evil Chyle to return to them of which they make bad blood Therefore in this Diseaâ—e the Stomach commonly concocteth ill and turns the chief part somtimes into Water somtimes into sharp sowr and clammy substance which being not drawn by the Guts and Meseraick Veins because unfit for nourishment staies in the Stomach and coming upwards somtimes fills the Tongue with Spittle so that the Patients 〈◊〉 much and somtimes vomit Somtimes the Matter in the Stomach boyleth and fermenteth from whence comes wind which doth not only stretch the Stomach but the parts adjacent and make the Heart so sick that somtimes the Patient swooneth Somtimes the Wind is sent out upwards and downwards and by insensible transpiratiâ—â— or the Matter causing them is vomited forth Yet you must observe that al that is vomited out is not bred in the Stomach but is sent from the Spleen and other parts to it for somtimes the humors vomited are so sharp that they set the teeth on edg and these are sent by the short vessel from the Spleen to the Stomach In some there is blood so sent with Melancholly and other evil Humors which is cast forth partly upward and partly downward as we shewed at large in the Vomiting of Blood In this Disease there is often belching and noise beneath the ribs by reason of the abundance of Wind made of those Crude Humors hence it was wont to be called the windy Disease Now how Wind is bred of Melancholly we shewed in the Tympany Somtimes pains arise in the Stomach and Hypochondria of the same Wind which reach to the Back and Loyns so that you would think it the Stone of the Kidneyes especially if the Urine be thick and red as usually it is The Belly is often bound because the Meat is turned into clammy Matter which sticks to the Guts which the expulsive Faculty cannot cast out without help of Medicines and therefore the Patients are constrained to take Purges and Clysters often Somtimes there is a Flux of the Belly if the Humors grow sharp and have in them much Choller or burnt Melancholly
There is a heat in the Hypochondria and a certain Inflamation inward somtimes in one side somtimes in another from hot Humors contained therein especially when they are moved by inward or outward means so that the Face will grow hot and red from those vapors and somtimes there is an Ephemeral or Feaver for a day by those vapors sent through the whol Body The Urine is somtimes thick somtimes thin Thin when thick Humors stop the passages through which it is as it were strained thick red and troubled by reason of the mixture of the thick Matter which is very salt and therefore is called Materia Tartaria and it lies at the bottom of the Urinal like a thick Sediment Or some part of it sticks like red Sand to the sides which makes many fear the Stone without cause because this same is not bred in the Reins but in the Liver from a burnt and salt Humor and you may know this because it dissolves between the Fingers like Salt which will not when it comes from the Reins Somtimes there is a Palpitation or beating of the Heart by reason of the vapors ascending which while it labors to expel make it move violently and then the Patient thinks himself in great danger Somtimes there is a beating in the left Hypochondrion when hot Humors are there from whence vapors arise and make the Pulse or Systole and Diastole of the Arteries greater so that both the Patient and the standers by may feel it which is chiefly after heat with Anger motion or drinking of much Wine This beating is chiefly in the Coeliack Artery which is the chiefest in that part In an old Disease it is somtimes constant and this signifies an Habitual and incurable Disease An Aneurism somtimes followeth this great breathing from the enlarging of the Coeliack or some other Artery and from the hot blood in them which being very thin and full of many hot Spirits continually dilateth and stretcheth the Arteries while there is an Aneurism such as Fallopius observed Lib. de tum preter naturam cap. 14. in an old woman who being opened had an Aneurism in her Belly into which he put his fist From which mark by the way the great providence of Nature which fearing the breaking of an Artery through too much enlarging hath made the coat of it as hard as a bone as Fallopius observed in the same place Also Paraeus in his sixth Book Cap. 28. tels the like story of an Aneurism found not in the Belly but the Breast in the Venal Artery which was so stretched that it could contain his sist and also the inward Tunicle thereof was like a bone And we have seen the like about two yeers agone namely an Aneurism in the Breast by the dilatation of an Artery which would hold the fist of a Boy of fifteen yeers old and the Tunicle thereof was grown like a Gristle The evil vapors that ascend from the Hypochondria produce many Symptomes for being sent to the Pallat and Tongue they dry those parts and cause a thirst when they go to the Lungs and Midriff they cause shortness of breathing when to the Membranes of the Brain Head-ach when to the Brain noise in the Ears dimness of Sight Giddiness Fear and Sorrow and divers Melancholly Phansies And if they be malignant and very sharp they cause an Epilepsie or Falling-sickness if they come to the Nerves Convulsions and if they be stupifying they cause a Numbness and bastard Palsey Coma and Apoplexy if they get into the Brain But if these vapors be hot and dry they dry the Brain and cause watchings troublesom sleep and frightful Dreams and at first though they sleep well after Supper til midnight afterward they wake some three or four hours and some sleep again about three or four a clock others not at all The reason whereof is this Because while the Chyle is carried to the parts that serve for the second Concoction then the evil Humors lying in the Vessels are stirred and send up vapors which being sent by the Veins and Arteries to the Head cause watching and if they be quickly discussed they sleep again but if they continue long they watch the other part of the night We have formerly spoken of all these Symptomes and we say again That all are not in all men but more or sewer according to the variety of the Humors and parts affected This also is to be marked It is not Essential to Hypochondriack Melancholly that stretching hardness pain and swelling should be in the Hypochondria because the cause is for the most part in the Branches of the Gate Vein and Arteries adjoyning and sends from thence vapors to the Heart and Brain Oftentimes there is stretching in the Liver and Spleen which signifieth That the Humors stick in those parts but if there be no stretchings it is a sign that the evil Humors lie in the Veins of the Mesentery Caul Sweetbread and Stomach These proper Symptomes shew that the Stomach is affected with sowr belchings and stinking or loathing vomiting want of concoction and somtimes flux of the belly As for the Prognostick This Disease is not deadly for the most part but of long continuance many times the whol life therefore it is commonly called the disgrace of Physitians because they do seldom cure it and if the Patient seem to be cured it returns again in a few months it is also called the Scourge of Physitians because they who have it are continually asking new Medâ—câ—nes and presently satisfied therewith and dayly complain to the Physitian for others The Flux of the Hemorrhoids doth good in this Disease if it be moderate but if it continue long it is dangerous A thick Urine is better in this Disease than a thin and watery which shews that the thick Humors are detained in the Body Black Urine without a Feaver doth often Cure this Disease It s good in this Disease to have a loose Belly and bad to be bound Also Vomiting if the Patient be refreshed thereby is profitable but if it continue long it is dangerous A Giddiness and continual pain in the Head in this Disease ends in an Epilepsie Blindness or Apoplexy The Cure of this Disease is in three things chiefly first in opening Obstructions secondly in amending the distempers of the Bowels and in discharging of the peccant humor not omitting strengtheners For which a wise Physitian may use these following First give a Clyster then this Potion Take 〈◊〉 Senna half an ounce Annis seeds and Cream of Tartar of each one dram Borrage flowers Fumitory and Sorrel of each half a handful Liquoris three drams boyl them to three ounces Dissolve in the straining Rhubarb infused in Lavender Water one dram and an half double Catholicon three drams Compound Syrup of Succory one ounce Make a Potion to which you may well add in a strong Melancholly one dram of Confectio Alkermes The day following let Blood from the left side chiefly or
half an ounce beat them in a stone Morter powring on by degrees the Decoction of Barley Liquoris Purslain and Mallow tops one pint and an half make an Emulsion for three Doses adding to each Dose one ounce of the Syrup of Violets and one dram of Lapis prunellae and if the pain be great add a little Syrup of Poppies and one dram of Gum Arabick in pouder or the Syrup of Marsh-mallows according to Fernelius or of Mucilages You may make Broths thus Take of Marsh-mallow Roots half an ounce Mallows one handful Liquoris half an ounce Quince seeds one dram boyl them with Chicken Broth make it often The Whey of Goats Milk is very good given in great draughts as we said in the hot distemper of the Liver And if there be no Feaver you may with more profit give Milk by it self because it doth not only clense but allay pain and temper the sharpness of the Humors In an old Disease it is good to give Mineral Waters that cool especially Allum Iron and Vitriol Waters for by Experience we find that they have cured this Disease when it hath been inveterate Instead of the aforesaid Juleps the simple Decoction of Mallows with Syrup of Violets may be used by which Forestus saith Obs 4. Lib. 25. he cured a grievous Dysury many times and that there is nothing like it Forestus also Obs 3. of the same Book that an Apothecary cured himself and others with the white of an Egg beaten with Rose Water He also reports that a woman cured an old man of Delf with Chamomel flowers boyled in Milk Amatus Lusitanus 58. Curat Cent. 6. saith that a Woman was cured when all means failed with Conserve of Mallow flowers she took one ounce morning and evening and drunk after it three ounces of Mallows Water And Curat 59. he saith that one who had a Dysury after he had voided a stone was cured by the same in three daies The Conserve of Marsh-mallow slowers is of the same or greater Vertue Some commend the Troches of Winter Cherries given with convenient Liquor the quantity of a dram because they are Diuretick abate sharpness and pain When the pain is very great it is good to put the Yard when you piss into warm Milk or a Decoction of Mallows and white Poppy seeds or warm Water only A smal Decoction of Mallows with Syrup of Violets and Conserve of Roses is good for ordinary Drink You may also make Injections into the passage of the Bladder of Milk or of an Emulsion of cold Seeds Plantane Water or Whey with the Water of a white of an Egg beaten or one scruple of the Troches of Winter Cherries External Medicines are also good as Baths half Baths Fomentations to the Privities made of cool Herbs Liniments of Oyl of Roses Water Lillies Unguent of Roses Galens cooling Oyntment Populeon with Camphire and the Mucilage of Fleabane made with Plantane Water Also you must apply Epithems that cool to the Reins and Liver and the aforesaid Liniments and the things mentioned formerly for the same When sharp and chollerick Humors flow from the Liver you may derive by an Issue in the right Leg or by opening the Hemorrhoids which is very good in al diseases of the Reins and Bladder according to that of Hippocrates Aph. 11. Sect. 6. because from the Spleen Vein called Ramus Splenicus there are branches go to the Reins Bladder and Hemorrhoids The End of the Fourteenth Book THE FIFTEENTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of WOMENS Diseases The PREFACE THose are called Womens Diseases which are proper to them only and come from the defect of that part which is distinct in them from men viz. the Womb of which Democritus in his Letter to Hippocrates said that it was the cause of six hundred miseries and innumerable Calamities But we to lay down those Diseases of the Womb which are most usual will divide them thus Some come from the Vessels and some from the Body of the Womb or Cavity others are in respect of its chief and noblest act of Generation From the distemper of the Vessels of the Womb and the preternatural causes come Chlorosis or green Sickness stoppage of the Terms immoderate Flux the Whites Rage of the Womb and the Mother In the Cavity of the Womb are Inflamations Vlcers Scirrhus Cancer Gangrene Dropsie coming forth and shutting up thereof these may hinder Generation but by accident The Diseases which are in respect of Conception Breeding and Bringing forth are Barrenness acute and Chronical Diseases of Women with Child Abortion difficult bringing forth dead Child Secundine retained immoderate flux or suppression of blood and the acute Diseases of women in Child-bed All which Diseases we will speak of in as few words as the dignity of the Matter will permit Chap. 1. Of the Green-sickness called Chlorosis THis Disease by Hippocrates is called Chlorosis by the Modern Physitians the white Feaver the Virgins Disease the Pale color of Virgins the white Jaundice but vulgarly the Green-sickness It may be defined thus An evil habit of Body from the Obstruction of the Veins of the Liver Spleen and Mesentery and especially of those which are about the Womb which is accompanied with a heaviness or unwildiness of the whol Body beating of the heart difficulty of breathing a desire of evil Food and the like This Disease depends immediately upon the Obstruction of the parts in the lower Belly especially of those Veins which are about the Womb whereby the free passage of Blood to the Womb is hindered which abounding in Virgins when they begin to have their Terms and being hindered of its Natural course by those Obstructions runs to the upper parts and oppresseth the Heart Liver Spleen Diaphragma or Midriff and other parts destroyes their Natural heat stops the Vessels hence is there an evil Concoction in the Bowels and from thence their Body is ful of Crudities which being carried forth make an evil Habit. In other parts they produce divers Symptomes in the Hypochondria a swelling of the Bowels by which the Midriff is oppressed which causeth shortness of breath And because gross blood and wind are carried by the Branches of the hollow Vein and great Artery into the Heart which contend against them for fear of Suffocation by often moving of its Arteries there is a palpitation of the Heart and often a beating in the Temples Besides they have in this Disease a loathing of meat because the Stomach is filled with crude Excrements by reason of its evil Concoction and distribution which excrements having gotten an evil quality by a peculiar kind of corruption cause a desire of evil meats and things not ordained for nourishment as Salt Spices Chalk Coals Ashes and the like which Disease is called Pica Malacia or strange Longing which we have at large spoken of in its proper place among the Diseases of the Stomach The Causes of the Obstructions in the Veins of the Womb and the Hypochondria are
or Parchment Morbifical or Morbifick matter is that which is the principal cause of any Disease Minorative purgation is gentle purgation such as takes away only a part of the matter of a disease it is opposed to Eradicative purgation which is strong and pulls the whol matter offending up by the Roots as it were N NVtrition Nourishment Narcotick medicines stupefying medicines that dull the sence of feeling and cause profound sleep Nitre salt Peter as some hold but Matthiolus conceives the true Nitre is rarely found in these daies Natural functions actions of the stomach Liver Spleen Gal Kidneyes in concocting the meat making blood and separating and expelling the excrements Nauseousness sickness of the stomach enclining to vomit Nidorous smelling of burnt fat or scortched Roast-meat or fryed Oyl Noxious hurtful Nausiosis of the Veins is when the Veins are sick of bad blood and doth as it were spew it out into the habit of the body from whence comes scurvy-spots morphew scabs c. Neotericks are late writers in physick or any other Art so called in opposition to the Antient Authors O ORgans peculiar parts of the body fitted for some notable service of the Spirit such as the Eye to see the Ear to hear the Nose to smell the Skin to feel the Lungs to breath Stomach to digest Os Sacrum the great bone whereon the Ridg bone resteth Opisthotones a Convulsion so named when the Body is drawn backward Oval forme that is the shape of an Eg. Original beginning foundation Oedema a swelling caused by flegm which is soft and whiteish and has little heat or pain with it Obstruction stopping Opiate signifies an Electuary properly it is put for Venice Treacle Mithridate Diascordium c. which have Opium in them from whence the name is derived But secondarily it signifies any Electuary or Antidote made up in such a body as Treacle c. though it have no Opiate in it Orifice the whol which is made by a Surgeon when he lets blood Also the mouth or passage into the Womb or Stomach c. Opticks a Part of Natural Philosophy though falsly reckoned for a branch of the Mathematicks opening all the Mysteries of sight and the reasons of the Deceptions or mistakes thereof and teaching to make augmenting Glasses mutiplying Glasses Perspective Glasses burning Glasses c. Oblique slantling athwart crooked Obnoxious liable or subject unto Ophthalmy an Inflamation of the Eyes causing foreness and redness Oscribosum the bony Sieve A bone full of small holes like a Sieve or colendar placed above the Nose through which Snot and Snivil is drained from the brain Occult hidden unknown Oxycrate Vineger and water mingled together Organical Disease See similar diseases The Systole or diastole of the Pulse are the double motion thereof For when the Artery is extended by the blood Issuing out of the Heart and smites the Finger of him that feels the Pulse that motion is called Diastole or a widening and stretching of the Arterie but when the Arterie falls contracts it self and sinks from under a Manâ— Finger that motion is called Systole a contraction Oxyrrhodine Vinegar of Roses and Medicines made principally thereof P PRognosis the foreknowledg of Diseases Plethora a too great fulness of good blood in the body Paralysis the Palsie Paraplegia Parisis Palsie Peripneumonia an Inflamation of the Lungs or Lights Pericranium the skins which compasseth the Scul A Pugil of Herbs viz. as much as is taken up between the Thumb and the three fore-Fingers Physical Regiment is the right ordering of a Patient having taken a Purge or other strong Medicament As to keep the Patient warm to give posset or thin-broath after every stool not suffer him to read or her to Sow or hold down the head or to be sad or to sleep especially after a vomit c. Phrensie rageing Madness joyned with a Feaver see Chap. 11. Book 1. Prognostick foretelling A Prognostick sign is a sign foretelling what will become of the Disease and patient Privation loss Plethorick full of blood too full of blood Pores little holes in the skin through which vapors and sweat come out Sometimes they are visible upon the Arm or Leg being swelled and closed with cold resembling a Goose skin for roughness Preternaturally otherwise then the Course of Nature requires Perspicuous cleer that may be seen through as Glass fair-water c. Peritonaeum the inner coat of the Belly which covers the Guts See the English Anatomy Poplar Oyntment in the shops called Populeon See the English Dispensatory Potential coldness that is coldness in operation though not to the feeling So a draught of Whey in which cooling Herbs hath been boiled being drunk down warm from the fire is said to be actually hot because it is so to the hand and palate but Potentially cold because it afterward cools the stomach Liver c. Pulsation beating of the Arteries in any part of the Body Precede go before Preparing of humors is the qualifying of them so as that they may be fit for expression which preparation consists in separating them from the mass of good blood in making them thick if they be too thin and sharp in cutting them and making them thin if they be too thick and clammy Phlebotomy blood-letting Preternatural beside the intent or custom of Nature vide Preternaturally Propriety a pain by propriety is when the cause of the Pain is in the part pained so when the Head-ach comes from the Humors in the Head it is called a pain by propriety when it comes from Humors in the Stomach or any other part that sends up vapors it is called Head-ach by Consent And the like may be said of other Symptoms or accidents A Pyramis is a Geometrical figure broad and angular at the bottom and growing less and less towards the top till it come to a point The Sepulchers of the Egyptian Kings were made in this form and therefore called Pyramides Naturalists do make use of this Figure to shew how the Eye receives the representations of visible objects Pupil of the Eye is the midlemost round circle which we commonly call the sight of the Eye and which in Cats is seen to widen and contract it self Pulse Beans Pease Hastivers French-pease c. called so because they are gathered by pulling and not by mowing down as corn Probable likely possible Profound deep Producing breeding causing Peccant Humor the Humor offending causing the Disease A Phlegmon is an Inflamation or swelling caufed by blood If no other Humor be adjoyned it is a true Phlegmon If choller be joyned it is called a Phlegmon erisipelous if flegm aedematous if melancholly Scirrhous Paroxysme the fit of an Ague of the Mother or any Disease that comes by fits Perforated bored through Putrid rotten filthy stinking Pustula a pustle push or whelk Ponderous weighty Peristaltickmotion of the Guts is whereby the Guts do contract and purse themselves together above the excrements and so squeez them out Pomum curtipendulum