Selected quad for the lemma: heart_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
heart_n	artery_n	lung_n	vein_n	3,164	5	10.0265	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A28142	Matæotechnia medicinæ praxeōs, The vanity of the craft of physick, or, A new dispensatory wherein is dissected the errors, ignorance, impostures and supinities of the schools in their main pillars of purges, blood-letting, fontanels or issues, and diet, &c., and the particular medicines of the shops : with an humble motion for the reformation of the universities and the whole landscap [sic] of physick, and discovering the terra incognita of chymistrie : to the Parliament of England / by Noah Biggs ...	Biggs, Noah.	1651 (1651)	Wing B2888A; ESTC R20474	151,011	267

but hath not the northern pole of frigefactive and positive power for its Horizon by which meanes truly such a refrigeration becomes nocivous Why forsooth are they so cautelous that they do not nor dare not open a vein in the Hectick doth not the feaver need refrigeration Or doth it cease to be a feaver But the deficiency of blood is apparent in Hecticks wherefore in the systeme of Hecticks and in the defect of blood and strength ther 's an easie calculation and illation of the hurt made by Phlebotomy which otherwise is latitant under stronger powers In the consideration of which we shall bring a remarkeable story of Prince Ferdinand Brother to the King of Spaine who in Anno. 1641. was opened for being agitated with a tertian feaver eighty nine dayes dyed in the two and thirtieth year of his age His heart Liver and Lungs being taken away and the veins and arteries dissected such a paucity of blood was found that a conflux of scarce a spoonfull of blood issued in the cave of his Thorax for his liver appear'd altogether exanguious and the flaccid crumenation of his heart contracted an atrophy and demonstrated a penury of bloud also For two dayes before his death he had eaten more if more had been given him For he was so exhausted by bloodlettings purgations and hirudinall blood-suckings as we said that his sceletantall fabrick appear'd as a pale statu● of exanguinality yet for all this the cruel Tertian did not forget to keep its paroxysmal course and return What profited therefore so great an evacuation of the bloud Or what may be observed by a judicious perpension from that refrigeration but the illation of vanity to be clearly demonstrated from such evacuations which do not take the least punctilio from the latitude of feavers The same degrees and as bad and worse occurences of desperate evils and mischiefs we find here at home by this inveterate and deplorable practice of Bloud-letting Ah alas is this the method of healing which makes a Physitian whom the most High hath created and commanded to be honoured for the necessity of him If it know not to cure a Tertian in a young man to what purpose is that method Is this the Art that the whole needeth not but the sick Let this therefore teach Physitians to fear how they expose their febrile patients to the congresse of cold things in which they should be largely and presently experienced and by a manifest token know the vertue of their refrigeratives because they may not much confide in their Anomalies of heat and cold For seeing it is clear that the whole meridian swindge and irradiation of heat in the province of feavers is of the latitude and Empire of the very vital spirit it self it followes also That the breath of refrigeration by the Boreas of phlebotomy is a meer exhausting and impoverishing of the Common-Wealth of the vital spirits and bloud together For if the feaver be to be cured as an intemperature by phlebotomy as a refrigerating remedy contrarium heu constat and by cold alone and others intend the cure even in a quotidian which they have subscribed to be an inflamation of putrid fleam they would obtain at least that refrigeration farre more easy by exposing their patients half naked to the breath of the north wind or hanging him in water or in a deep well until he should confesse himself sufficiently cooled for so presently and largely they should absolve the cure if their conscious ignorance within did not condemn their febrilous essence of heat We cannot therefore so readily submit our belief that the commotion of our bodies in a feaver is but a reverberium of heat an impetuous agitation and only a bare tempest of heat but ther is also the interposure of an occasional vitiated matter of known hostility against the native oeconomy of the parts the protrusion of which the Archeus is labouring and busied about in which concertation their enterferes an adventitious accension the symbole of its indignation Which Theory so long as it shall be neglected in the Schools the cure of feavers will be preposterous pernicious and conjectural and so all not worth thanks to the Physitian seeing they may be cured by the spontaneous and mercifull goodnesse of nature and we wish and with submission advise hat Physitians would not tamper with them so much as they do But to make hast to the argument of curing by the subitaneous precipitancy of cold the Schools will respond It is a dangerous it●●●ry to go from one extreame to another By which salve of their ignorance they endeavour to stop the mouthes of people as if they spake some thing worth our cares and faith not being sensible of their rash inadvertency how in the intertrigation of their own hypotheses they contradict themselves when they encomiate Phlebotomy chiefly for that end and dextralize and preferre it before their laxatives that it presently and aboundantly helpeth by refrigeration and therefore in their nomenclature have presum'd to give it the appellation of an easy quick and universal help For its own impotency grounded in ignorance they distort and strain to the arbitrament of an ill understood and worse applyed axiome Because truly there is not the least question to be made but that one may presently cut the rope of a man hanged that being deprived of aire he might enjoy it more quickly Again that one may place a drowned man in a prone posture that he may cast forth the water out of his lungs One may I say drag out some certain body to the bankside and may presently free a wound from that exotick miasme and indisposition that hath possessed it and bring it to a circatrice For very many such wounds are closed in one day because the solution of continuity wants nothing but its reunition one may presently set a fractured or dislocated bone The sick may likewise be restor'd in the Epilepsie Syncope Lipothymie and Cramp much sooner the belly loos'd presently and the detention of excrements absolved and may presently stop the muliebrall fluxe For it is not to be supposed that nature rejoyceth in its own destruction and that weary of a sound and lovely state of health is willing to open the gates and let in grimfac'd repentinous Death and should refuse a Remedy of that noble entelechy which should suddenly expell and drive out the malignant disease except she loves to be thought not to do that which in possibilities is best of all nor to desire that every thing should have a being and be conserved In demonstration indeed it is accounted impossible to go on from one extreame to another without a mean and that mean wholly deny all interjacency which if we have granted in naturalities with a certain latitude we shall deserve to be adjudged hitherto to have done very well and whereof not to repent Verily we may not scrue and urge that of demonstration unto sanation We confess indeed that the

the circumference from the Regalia of the noble parts and entrails to the line of this our garrison the Region of the Pelt But that bloud-letting does hurt unavoidably by the dependent necessity of its debilitation we need no strong inducements to charme our belief although stronger and plethorick bodies may seem to them who to passe by the trouble of a judicial and serious pensitation are inclined to believe that they find and witnesse the contrary if that holy writ which tells us that the life dwells in bloud hath not weight sufficient to engage our credence at least it may be made manifest by the barbarous logick of Phlebotomy please you to suffer the easie trouble and experiment of opening a vein and bleeding largely For presently the conclusion and evidence given in will be That the strength or powers the sick are faint and fall together Therefore if in demonstration six things may notably hurt three then cannot but hurt though not so sensibly Farre therefore from the rules of sober verity and equity must his ano●mall intentions and practise wander who being delegated to cure and restore nature invents and tryes waies to hurt her for which he hath not the least permission if nature be her own Aesculape and so much the more happy and successeful as she is stronger For let it be but seriously weighed in the ballance and by the weighty motive of the pressing necessities and mischiefs that follow and it will evidently appear that Physitians may deservedly suffer the lash and feel compunction for their inhumane languifying practises For is it not enough to a Physitian that the sick pines and begins to grow faint under the burden of an inexcusable weaknesse by a deplorable disease hunger losse of appetite inquietude pains anxieties waichings sweate c Nor ought a faithful Adjuvant or helper to lay load upon load add weaknesse to weaknesses Deceitful is that help which phlebotomy brings and his remedy so uncertain that no Physitian hitherto durst promise from thence future sanation In earnest it is worthy our most serious consideration when we take notice how every Artificer performes what he promises to wit the Image-maker his Image the Builder his edifice the Shooe-maker fashions his shooes and all this ad unguem But alas onely a Physitian in a cold spasme of inconstancy dares promise nothing of his Art because the infirm nerves of his ground work grand foundation leanes on the broken reed of uncertain principles by accident only and most times deceitfully profitable because however the matter is handled it is full of ignorance to intend cure by procuring weaknesse that is by a sudden depletion of the bloud largely made nature being driven into the wild field of confusion sounds a retreat and neglects the expulsion of her enemy Which expulsion notwithstanding needs no volume to confirme that being the Epitasis or heart of the businesse or the Epilogue and winding up of the matter contains the whole scene of feavers and nature Farther it 's an indubitate and irrefragable truth That the febrile matter doth not take up its lodging in the vein above the heart and by consequent that the seminall fomenting or occasionall matter is in no wise exhausted or let out by the key of phlebotomy or effectuously cures by the direct and perpendicular intention of healing Finally if bloud-letting be concluded for the refection of the arteries through the facility of perspiration it is wholly frustraneous while the feaver is yet in Balneo and in its ascension by the Climax of aggravation before it comes to the fire of sublimation and hath not yet mounted the Apogaeum of conflagration And seeing that not in its fixation or stationary position nor also in its retrogradation or declension bloudletting is no whit necessary Therefore never But not in the state is proved because the Crisis is hindred seeing nature as they write is most opposed and impedited in her reluctation and conflict with the forren invasion of the disease and for the most part returns conquerour then would it be inconsiderate and invincible dotage to flank her files and fall foul upon her in the rear by a rash attempt of violating her force then would she least of all be able to suffer the losse of strength and retreat from the duel But if in the State Nature be forc'd to resign to the tyranny of the Conquerour what shall bloud-letting be any other then meer homicide If therefore in the state it is not convenient to open a vein while the heat is in its Zenith the anxiety and powerfullest respiration of the arteries is exagitated Farre lesse convenient surely will it be in the beginning and augmentation Especially seeing that in the first daies the fear of a plethora vanishes away and so without doubt the perspiration of the arteries is easy enough But that diseases in Perigaeo or declination have not the least latitude or intention for bloud-letting and do neither require it nor suffer it is confessed by the common consent of all and is so clear as needs no Apoixis nor cannot escape the most blear-eyed and regardlesse observation that no man will ever essay phlebotomy in the declination of a disease Moreover consider we that in the meridian of feavers the bloud that runnes in its ecliptick the veins is either good or bad or neuter If good that it will be good to keep good there 's none so devoid of his reason to appear we believe so much a sceptick to dispute against it because it addes to the strength For as elsewhere we have shewed the fear of a plethora even straight at the beginning if there was any ceased But because in the Apotheosis of phlebo●omy they will have good bloud emitted for ventilation and difflation of putrefaction when both the one and the other is taken away well enough and that imaginary good which they suppose in the Chymaera of their own brains hath no other real Idea or footing but in the distracted imaginations of the contrivers and abettors of this fable and brings nothing but loss of strength Moreover the schools teach that phlebotomy in a feaver is not commanded because of the goodnesse of bloud which negative Thesis supposes evill and putrid But they will otherwise learn when we come to shew that there is no corrupt thing in the Canals of the veins unto the last period of animation and consequently this drift of phlebotomy will be cashiered Let them therefore demonstrate to us the malignity of the bloud which is without and before the corruption of the same Next how the bad bloud is kept in the vein from the heart unto the Cubit if they will have this their device of phlebotomy ratified Let them tell us I say how that the bad bloud is not in the first receptacles and the bloud being brought out by the vei● of the Cubit a worse is not drawn to the heart where the vena Cava makes the right sinus of the

heart Let them inform us likewise that the superiour veins being depleted there is not greater liberty and impunity for both noxia and ●ebrilia to come to the heart then before yea that in the place of difflating corruption which in severity of truth we have proved to be none at all there is not occasioned rather a freer passage of the putrid aire to the heart towards which place seriously the vacuity of the depleted veins doth attract the bloud beneath Let them shew I say how the effluvium of bloud and diminution and excise of the strength by the Cubit will be such a convenient mother to own such a production as will impede corruption or import the correction and redintegration of the putrid Let them also explain themselves what they mean when they say that phlebotomy should be made that the arteries may more freely respire when that putrefaction if there were any possibility of it in the veins would not affect the arterial bloud the steward of whole Nature Moreover let them prove that the good bloud and strength being diminish'd proportionably there is a greater power to the remaining impure and inquinated by corruption as they suppose of preserving it self from the putrefaction that is imminent Let them instruct us likewise contrary to Scripture that the life and soul are rather and more delectably in the remaining contaminated bloud then in the purer that is taken away by phlebotomy Otherwise we may have freedome enough to conclude that the letting forth of the good doth necessarily and regularly include the augmented stock proportion unbridled licence of the remaining evil bloud What if then in the feaver and veins the bloud be bad and they say it is good as a sign and effect which in phlebotomy flowes forth bad and should they esteem so much at least of the taking away of bad bloud to which we find no grounds for our belief to incline For first let them prove whereby that their incrimination and arraignement of the bloud to be noxious may appear by the verdict of apodicticall evidence and demonstration to be so indeed as we before have and by and by shall fully acquit and find not guilty And then let them indoctrinate us how by such a sudden and large emission of the bad bloud no prejudice is made to the powers and strength and that the remaining inquinated bloud the strength being now diminished and a depletion made of the bloud shall be the cause why the corruption of the rest of the blond is lesse able to proceed And whether they can hope the bloud being after what manner soever once putrified in the veins that from such a privation there can be in nature any regression And also let them shew not to contradict how it is proper to the feaver to inquinate the bloud it self and this property to be taken away à posteriori to wit with the removing of the putrefyed humour For if at first the impurer bloud be drawn out of the vein they iterate the opening of a vein and in the interim consternate and perturb the powers and thereby take away all hope of the Crisis which if it come out redder then ordinary they cry out with that magnifying esteem as if the whole heap of evill were taken away at once and as if the seat of feavers had been extended in a paralell line only from the continent of the heart unto the Isthmus of the flexure of the Arme but the good had been residentiall about the parenchymatick Laboratorie of the Li●er But we have known fearfull evacuations of the last excrements alwaies in the Dropsy much more therefore in the bare taking away of bloud which in a direct line takes away the vital spirits from the centre of the heart to the circumference by the orifice of the vein whether the bloud be good or bad or neither And here seeing we are fallen upon it so directly we have a fair opportunity to enquire into the putrefaction of the bloud or corruption of the same and now strictly to arraign and examine its naturalities and see if there be any possibilitie for it to outlive the faith of them who seek to bear it down And therefore not only simply heterodoxicall but a very rough-hewed paradoxicall asseveration it will seem unto inflexible eares if we say That the bloud putrefies not in the veins and perhaps to some as deeply heretical and of as high a Tincture as comes not short of the transubstantial migration of the grapy juice of the papall Sacramentarians The opinion of bad and corrupt humours and worse bloud hath been the Cantharides to phlebotomy and of bloudy disadvantage in the method of healing Let the schools therefore know That the bloud never putrefies in the veins but like Gemini in the Zodiack or Hippocrates twins its line or Ecliptick it runnes in the vein it self putrefies also as in the Tropick of Gangrenes and mortifications Moreover like precarious mendicants they begge the question who let out the bloud least by the magn●t of its stagnancy it should attract and be impregnated with the puddle of putrefaction Also who assert A synochus or Ca●sus to be generated from the embryo of putrefyed bloud in the womb of the veins Also who say that when Mercury the bloud putrefies in the Balneum of the veins it is transmuted into choler If we suppose that some excrementitious forreigne and alien humours and seminalities may impresse a seminall miasme in the parts by a breath or blast of contagion or other inquinating ferment and thereby disorder and pervert the functions yet will it not therefore follow that they are capable of corruption or putrefaction For putrefaction according to the faith of that great Elementarist Aristotle Is a corruption of the proper heat secundum naturam in every humidum by another heat that is ambient Here Aristotle requires three things necessary unto corruption First the subject or matter of putrefaction which is unumquodque humidum Secondly the form and essence of putrefaction namely the corruption of the proper heat from its own natural state so that of a natural state it is made praeter naturam And lastly the efficient cause to wit the heat of the ambient The which if one of these be wanting corruption cannot then be made In conformity and analogy to this Alexander lends us his suffrage in lib. 12. cap. 2. where he proves The humours do not putrefie in the veins but that they are rather congealed extra vasa then putrefie If they putrefy in the veins wormes would be generated because that there the heat is more vigorous then in the Intestines where animals are begotten of corruption Joubertus also is not farre from us thinking That all corruption is made cum faetore But in the veins there is no faetor Therefore no corruption Joubertus also adds That all things are conserved in there proper places but the veins are the proper Conservatories of the bloud and humours

it is enjoined not under capitall offence For they say That unlesse the confluent bloud avelling the pleura or thin membrane lining the chest be revelled by a large effusion of bloud there is danger that the pleuresy would kill a man by suffocation But their Theory is wholly besides the mark and they level only at the productions and effects of diseases and not the causes For they are ignorant of the Nature of a pleuresy in the material cause of its Generation place for its conception Conduicts for its Traduction Receptories for its customary admission and its penetrative corroding activity impregnated with that immanity to avell the pleura or lining of the Thorax from the ribs which is firmely annexed and immediately adheres unto them by the mediatory ligation of numerous solid fibres Wherefore we have no weighty engagement lies upon our reason to conclude that in the pleuresy phlebotomy hath no place nor is of no use for revulsion and derivation but for the meer exhaustion and diminution of the bloud and strength so that truly Nature greatly fearing that evacuation doth supersede and desists to send plenty of bloud about the pleura 'T is not nuworthy their notice taking and substantiall determination whether this with such a notable and sudden losse of strength in a disease wherein the whole burden lies upon the shoulders of the strength and powers be not to be cured à posteriori by precaution and prevention of the increase And whether that be a proceeding to the connexed and fomenting cause while they convert their whole work not ad faciens sed ad factum esse For mine own part and in me it s neither vanity nor pride to say and let it not be a grief or offence to any of their grave obstinacies and vulgarities I let no man bloud in the pleuresy nor have not since my peda●tisme and junior practise in the medical profession as many can witnesse especially those who have had a constant opportunity for some length of time to see into and be inwardly intimate in my practise and cures and such a cure is both safe sure profitable and solid None of them have miscarried whereas those that are let bloud after a long Tabes and lingring death perish most of them and have a quotannall recidivation For according to Galen whosoever within fourty daies are not perfectly cured grow tabid But there are many alive in several parts of this Nation who can testify That I cure perfectly within few daies nor do they find relapses Now it is to be considered if there be any use of Revulsion in feavers For in sooth seeing primarily there is no other need of revulsion then phlebotomy to which the succeeding bloud that is about to flow is hoped for by accident and by the benefit of which it will not flow to the place affected According to which Thesis it followes That by such an evacuation the peccant feavorish bloud dispersed in the veins will be drawn conniventer loqui which otherwise latent in its own nest farre from the heart would not communicate the ferment of its hurt so hastily and fiercely to the heart Which is as much as to say That by such a revulsion the peccant humour would be drawn from the ignoble part to the more noble For more crude and feculent is the bloud in the maze and Labirinth of the mesaraick veins but more defecate which comes to the pallace of life the heart For otherwise the first weapons of mischief had been placed by indiscret nature neer the fountain of life Therefore seeing the stream of the feavorish matter flowes not in the veins nor takes up quarters neer the heart Farre be it from any sober head to fall into that dotage to believe That it can be drawn forth or caus'd to shift its quarters by the rude hand of phlebotomy however oftentimes a multicolorate bloud by the Court-ship of iterated bloud-lettings may be sent forth It 's a cruel remedy also if unto the place of the emitted bloud some other shall come from more remote places For so the tincture of labefaction of one place should be communicated to the whole and to the more noble parts Finally if once the old Troops of errors of the Ethnicks were disbanded and cashiered the Regiment of knowledge the pretended Reformades or part new modell'd Moderns would have more tender regard to the life of their neighbour and would likewise know that the childish Theory of revulsions are but vain and ridiculous comments and that the losse of the Treasury of bloud and strength is pernicious and that there is no hurt from the bloud within the veins but only from hostile and alien Excrements and also that God hath ordained sufficient Emunctories for any filth whatsoever nor is there any need of incising the veins for the cure of feavers Thus having evidenced at least made dubious the litigious Theory and supinity of this practise of bloud-letting we think and have some grounds to be confident that the ingenuity and rationality of it will prevail more then our slender performances whereby to fix as a very large discouragement and disservice to the activity of those spirits who are the patrons and Champions of this practise Herein we have been more elaborate and the longer insisted because the error is material and a wicked and bloudy practise and concernes oftimes the life of man an error to be taken notice of by State if they will make good that title and divine attribute to be merciful like Gods as they are called And thus we could not but think it our duty according to our capacity wholly to subvert and disrobe this bloudy mantle of the exsecrable and destructive Theorems and Epidemick practise of bloud-letting the second manner of evacuation We have assigned the precedency and priority to purges from regular Idionomy and propriety of natures with their appellatives The 3 manner of evacuation of evill humours followes Now it will be seasonable for us to come to the 3 manner of evacuation of the schools which is Fontanels or Issues another universal main pillar of healing and to examine it by the fire of truth and subdichotomise it by the severe incision knife of rationall argumentations Which of all these generall remedies hath the principality of verity and vertue and the optimacy in sanation is not worth the dispute But this we believe That this Trichotomy or Ternary of Racemations or branches of the medicall Root is like the Taxus of India which the first year bears fruit the second leaves and the third year poison and conclude that but a mean apprehension any thing well palated will find no pleasant tast in this practise neither except he have it brawn'd and made ingustible as being paved with the free-stone of Custome and the blew Theory of the schools We shall therefore endeavour a full delivery hereof declaring the grounds of doubt and reasons of denial which rightly understood may if not overthrow yet