wounded or he that hath the greater Veins or Arteries about his Jaws cut assunder And they also very hardly recover their former soundness that have any part of their Lungs or the thick part of their Liver or the Membrane that conteineth the Brain or the Spleen or the Matrice or the Bladder or any Intestine or the Midriff wounded These likewise are in extream great danger in whom the Swords point hath pierced even unto the greater Veins that lie hid and concealed within in the Arm-pits or in the Hams And those Wounds are also dangerous wheresoever there are any of the greater Veins in regard that they soon spend a man by the extraordinary effusion of Blood And this happeneth not only in the Arm-pits and in the Hams but likewise in those Veins that reach even unto the Aâ—se and the Stones And besides these that Wo end is also evil and dangerous that is in the Groins or in the Thighs or in the void places or in the Joynts or between the Fingers As also whatsoever wound it be that hath hurt any Muscle or Nerve or Artery or Membrane or Bone or Cartilage But now because that Hippocrates what he had said in the sixth B. of his Aphorism Aphor. 18. to be Mortal and Deadly that in his Coaca Aphor. 509 he explaineth by saying that they almost die let us therefore see what â—ounds of these parts are simply Mortal and what not And first of all Hippocrates in the Sixth Book of his Aphorism Aphor. 18. reckoneth up the Wounds of the Brain among the Mortal Wounds The Wounds of the Brain and yet nevertheless in his Coaca he limits it and writes that for the most part this is so For all the Wounds of the Brain are not Mortal For Galen himself saw when such Wounds were Cured in the 8. B. of the Vse of the parts and 10. Chap. and in the sixth of the Aphor. Aph. 18. And we have instances thereof in Valleriola in his 4. B. of Observat and 10. chap. and in his 5. B. of Observ chap. 9. and in his sixth B. of Obser ch 4. in Gulielm Fabricius his 4. Cent. Observ 1 2 and 3. and he there giveth us a long Catalogue of the Physitians who had seen some Wounds of the Brain Cured In Johannes Andreas a Cruce in his first B. of Wounds Tract 2. chap. 14. of a hurt and wounded Brain Yea Moreover it hath been observed that after the loss and perishing of some smal part of the Brain yet nevertheless the wounded person hath perfectly recâ—vered for the confirmation of which we have many Histories given us by Divers Physitians Anton. Musa Brasavolus in his Comment upon the 18. Aphor. of the sixth Sect. of Hippocrates Nicolaus Missa in his first B. Epist 11. Fallopius in his Tract of the Curing of Wounds chap. 45. Franciscus Arcaeus in his first B. of the Curing of Wounds and 6. chap. Johannes Andreas a Cruce in his first B. of Wounds Tract 2. chap. 14. Ambrosius Paraeus in his 9. B. and 22 chap. and others all which or at least the greatest part of them have been collected by Schenckius in his first B. Oserva 40. and 42. And well worth Observation also are the Histories of the most dangerous Wounds of the Brain that are extant in Cabrolius his Obse vat 16 22 and 34. in Henricus Petraeus his 2. Tome of Harmonic Disputat Disput 36. Quest 10. in Gulielm Fabricius every where very frequently in wounding of the Heart did long survive For although it hath indeed been observed that Tumors and Ulcers have been found in the Heart yet those seeing that they arise and grow by degrees life may somtimes for a while persist together with them although that in the conclusion even these also bring Death unto the Party But wounds in regard that they suddenly disturb the very frame and Oeconomy of the Heart the life cannot therefore long persist with these And albeit Galen in his 2. B. of the Decrees of Plato and Hippocrates and 4. Chap. relateth that sacrifices at the Altar after the heart hath been cut forth have been heard to cry yet notwithstanding this lasteth so long only as the vital spirits are remayning in the Arteries which being exhausted soon after the Beast fals down and dieth For as Aristotle writes in his third B. of the parts of Animals and 4. Chapter the Heart alone of the Bowels and of all the parts of the Body will not admit of or bear any great injury and this for very good Reason For when the very principium or principal part of all is corrupted and injured it cannot then possibly afford any aid and assistance unto those other parts that depend thereupon And more especially as hath been said the left ventricle of the Heart which is the storehouse and treasury of the Blood and the vital Spirit being wounded the wounded person immediatly perisheth But if the right ventricle of the Heart be wounded that the wounded person may in this case lengthen out his life for some short time is confirmed unto us by a strange but yet true History that we may finde written in a Table hanging up against a Wall in the Library of the University of Groning and as it is described by Gothofredus Hegenitius in Itinerario Frisic Hollandico Page 16. in these very Words Nicholaus Mulerius health to the Reader It hath hitherto been beleeved that the heart being wounded no man could possibly lengthen out his life no not for the short time of one hour Which opinion both Reason and Experience confirm For seeing that our life dependeth upon the safety of the spirits whose Store-house and Fabrick is Scituated in the very Heart the Heart being wounded the said treasury and fabrick that it Scituated in the same must of necessity be wounded likewise But I thought good here to relate unto you a very Memorable History a History I say of a certain Soldier who being wounded at the Heart yet lived above fifteen daies after the like whereunto we meet not with in any of the observations of either Ancient or Modern Physitians Andreas Haesevanger being a Soldier enrolled in the City Garison under the most Illustrious Count William of Nassau Chief Governour of Frisia Groning Omland c. received a wound in his breast from a fellow Soldier of his in the year 1607. the two and twenty day of August in the evening and he died the eighth day of September following an hour after Sun-rising it being the sixteenth day from that whereon the wound was given him The Body of this dead Soldier by the command of the Governour of the City Garison for the discovery of the Nature of this his wound was opened and examined by my self and two Chirurgeons Gaspar and Luke Hulten there being present and looking on that valiant and most Noble Bernhard Hoornkeus there looking on likewise some others both of the meaner and better sort of Soldiers We had no sooner opened the
or no being Cured and his Wound healed he be likely to undergoe and suffer the hurt Action of some one or other of his Members For so oftentimes it happeneth that some Tendon being cut asunder the motion of some part is wholly lost and that the Brain being wounded the Memory or Rational faculty is thereby hurt and Moreover whether the wound be likely to be Cured in a short or whether it wil take up a longer time But on the other side if the wound be altogether incurable whether it be Mortal and such as is likely to hasten Death or else whether it be not more probable that it will degenerate into some long continuing Ulcer And Lastly it must be foretold likewise whether the Changes and Alterations of the Wound will be for the better or for the worse and when these Changes wil be Now in the first place it must be diligently explained What Wounds are Deadly and what Wounds are not so For indeed this Question is of very great Moment and therefore most diligently and exactly to be weighed and known by the Physitian For whereas oftentimes the lives of some men are much hazarded and endangered when they are brought before the Magistrates in the publike Courts of Justice by Reason of Wounds they gave unto others and that oftentimes the Judges desire the Physitians Opinion touching the same great Care and a diligent Endeavour ought to be used that the Physitian give so true a Relation and so distinctly deliver his Opinion touching the quality of the said Wounds that the innocent may not be condemned nor the Guilty acquited But in the first place we are to know that not every Wound which hath Death following it is to be called a Mortal wound but that alone which in its own Nature bringeth Death Now such like wounds are twofold For Mortal or Deadly as Galen in the 5. B. of the Aphor. Aphor. 2. and Aph. 18. teacheth us is somtimes taken and understood of those wounds that are of necessity deadly and somtimes again of such Wounds as are so for the most part as Hippocrates speaketh and such as by Reason of which as the same Hippocrat maketh the limitation in the 18. Aphorism 6. Sect in Coacis or his tract of Playsters those that are wounded almost or for the most part die like as Galen in his 5. B. Aphor. 2. writeth that Deadly is to be taken for that that is dangerous and is oftentimes terminated in Death But the Question is here especially of the former kind for that wound that hath been at any time Cured in others cannot be taken for a wound simply Mortal and Deadly But we shall afterward tel you when it is to be taken and accounted for Mortal or not Mortal And therefore Secondly Wounds cannot be accounted simply Mortal whereupon the supervening of most grievous Symptoms which said Symptoms notwithstanding do not alwaies and necessarily follow upon the reception of these like wounds the wounded person dieth as when in the Wounds of the Joynts and the Nervous parts an inflammation Deliry and other Symptoms happen or that by Reason of a Cacochymy lying secretly in the Body a feaver is kindled upon occasion of the Wound And it is altogether most true that many things often fal out that render Wounds incurable which in their own nature were curable Like as neither are those to be accounted for Wounds simply Mortal the Curing of which is long protracted by Reason of which it at length happeneth that the Wounded person perisheth by a slow and lingring Death the same that happeneth when the Lungs being Wounded an Ulcer and the Consumption follow thereupon or the Thorax or Stomack being wounded which oftentimes after a long space of time become the Causes of Death unto the wounded person For whenas it hath been observed and known that these like Wounds have been healed in others they cannot then be accounted for Wounds simply Mortal But those Wounds are only to be reputed simply Mortal which in the space of a few hours or daies do necessarily bring Death unto the sick person and cannot be cured by any Art And therefore we are to distinguish between Wounds Mortal and Wounds incurable For all Mortal Wounds are incurable but all Wounds that are incurable cannot be said to be Mortal For Wounds incurable as we have told you are al those that though they cannot indeed be cured yet notwithstanding they are not suddenly the Cause of Death unto the wounded person since that although they cannot be healed yet nevertheless the sick person may after this live not only many Weeks but even yeers also And such a like Wound was that which Mathias Cornax in his Epistle Responsory unto Dr. Aegidius Hertogh and Julius Alexandrinus in his Annotations upon the sixth Book of Galen his Meth. of Physick Chap. 4. have described unto us For when as a certain Bohemian Boor as he was hunting received a Wound in his Stomack with a broad hunting spear it could not possibly be consolidated but yet in tract of time the lips of the wound became hardn'd by a certain Callousness growing over them so that the wounded person survived for many yeers after and by applying of an instrument he could at his pleasure evacuate his stomack And now in the next place let us see what Wounds they are that we may account to be simply Mortal or Deadly And now whereas Death happeneth upon the defect extinction of the Native heat and that the Native heat may in a twofold manner be extinguished either sensibly and by degrees as it is in a Natural Death and long continued Diseases as the Consumption and the like or else suddenly and violently the latter way it is that Wounds are said simply and necessarily to bring Death unto the wounded person to wit a violent one Now the innate heat is extinguished either because the vital spirits are dissipated or because they are suffocated And therefore all Wounds that are Mortal and of necessity cause a sudden and violent Death either they suddenly suffocate the vital spirits or else they dissipate and corrupt them But in regard that the Heart is the Store-house of the vital spirits and the Native heat first of all therefore the Wounds of the Heart of all others do especially and most speedily bring upon the Wounded Person a violent Death And the very truth is as Galen writeth in his 5. B. of the places affected and 3. Chapter if the Wound penetrateth unto the ventricle of the Heart especially the left the wounded person of necessity dieth suddenly but if the Wound penetrate not so far as unto the ventricle of the Heart but that it consist in the substance thereof the man may then indeed live for a while but yet nevertheless he must necessarily die this violent Death Secondly It is of necessity that the man die if some Vessel be wounded in that part of the Lungs that are next unto the Heart and
an extream troublesome palpitation and beating of his Heart For the removal of this great Distemper there were many Remedies prescribed and administred not only by my self but likewise by the most expert Physitians of our Vniversity there All which when they could not in the least prevail over this contumacious and head-strong Disease by reason of the Patients continuing and persevering in his accustomed ill course of Diet he grew the worse thereby and after some few months were passed in the which by the advice of the Physitians he took no Physick at all for they were willing to commit unto Nature a part of the Cure of this Chronical Affect he began to complain of that part that lieth under his left Shoulder-blade The place of his grief being lookt upon and throughly considered there appeared unto me a notable Tumor soft unto the touch and attended with a beating and when pressed down with the Fingers it was then seemingly wholly hid and non-apparent but these were no sooner taken off but forthwith it returneth as before In short the Disease having gotten deep rooting being now become incurable our Patient within a very short time after departed this life But now that we might get the truth and certainty both of the nature and constitution of this Disease as also of the Cause thereof we dissected that part that was affected with the Tumor out of which there issued forth great store of Blood unsavory and stinking as it was all which Blood being wholly evacuated and throughly cleansed there appeared the prime and principle Artery under the Heart having its original from the great Vein in its ascending up into the Head exceedingly dilated and extreamly torn This Vein descending downward creepeth along through the Region of the Intercostal Muscles the Blood that flowed forth of it being heaped up in the spaces of the Muscles and in tract of time putrefying and corrupting had so vitiated and marred the Vertebra and Rib of that place that it seemed unto us altogether rotten and putrefied And therefore say we some other way and means of the generating of this Tumor is to be sought and found out The Author of the Book of the Medicin Definitions defineth Aneurysma by the relaxation of an Artery And so likewise Fernelius in the seventh Book of his Patholog and Chap. 3. asserteth that Aneurysma is a dilatation of an Artery ful of spiritful blood but all this while they do not express the manner how this is done Neither is it ever a whit credible that Aneurisma is caused by the dilating of both the Tunicles of the Artery but only by the widening of one of them For the Atteries have indeed a double Membrane one external which is slender thin and soft having of straight Fibres very many but of oblique ones very few and of transverse ones none at all the other internal which is close thick and hard having transverse Fibres but wanting straight and oblique ones And therefore if the Internal Tunicle be either broken by extension as easily it may be in regard of its hardness or else if it be opened by Section it doth not easily Cement and close together again because it is hard but now the external Tunicle in regard of its softness doth easily and soon grow together again and because it is so soft and wanteth both oblique and transverse Fibres it is thereupon extended by the Blood and the vital Spirit seeking their passage forth in an imperious and violent manner and so this kind of Tumor cometh to be excited in the which the force and the impetuous violence of the blood and the vital spirit may be discovered by the very touch Neither is that which Platerus objecteth of any weight or moment to wiâ— when he tels us that upon the alone bare Section that he saw made in the skin that covered over the Tumor the blood forthwith at first hid it self but then instantly sprang forth amain and this oftentimes saith he is in so great abundance that it cannot by any one use he what means he wil be any more stanched but that it issueth forth in greater abundance insomuch that the whol stock of Blood being almost spent it hath oftentimes brought a sudden Death upon the sick Person But indeed if we should determine that the Aneurisma proceedeth from the dilatation of these Tunicles of the Artery this Objection would then carry some weight along with it But in regard that according to the truth of the matter we have already asserted and determined that an Aneurysma ariseth from the dilatation of the exterior Tunicle alone of the Artery the internal being opened either by Section or by Rupture we cannot therefore by any means grant that the Arterial blood lieth hid under the whole Skin but because the external Tunicle is extraordinarily extended it cohereth and sticketh so close unto the Skin that it is extended together with it and is in a manner so become one therewith that it is almost impossible to cut the Skin without cutting the external Tunicle of the Artery And so then the result of al that hath been said wil be this to wit The nighest cause of Aneurisma That the proxime and nighest cause of Aneurysma is the opening of the interior Tunicle of the Artery and the dilatation of the external Now it is very frequently opened by Section when unexpert Chirurgeons instead of a Vein open an Artery or when at least together with the Vein they cut through the Artery that lieth under it Now if this at any time happen the external Tunicle in regard of its softness and neer alliance with the Tunicles of the Veins very easily and soon closeth together again but the interior by reason of its hardness remaineth open from whence through the patent and open place the Blood and vital Spirit endeavoreth to break forth and by this means distendeth the external Tunicle and causeth this kind of Tumor The same may likewise happen if the internal Tunicle of the Artery be broken either by the violent and impetuous motion of the Arterial blood or by any violent external cause and the overgreat distension of the Artery the external Tunicle that is more apt for extension being al this while safe and sound But now Whether or no that pulsation of the Arteries of which Platerus maketh mention in his Tract touching the palpitation of the Heart and touching which out of Fernelius and Ludovicus Mercatus we have already treated in the fourth Book of our Practice Part 2. Sect. 3. Chap. 9. may or ought properly to be referred unto Aneurysma I very much doubt For whenas the Membrane of either Artery is then whol and entire it seemeth rather to be an Affect in the Veins of kin to the swoln and distorted Veins that we cal Varices than this Tumor Aneurysma of which we are now treating Signs Diagnostick The Aneurysma is easily known and discerned from Ecchymosis because that in Aneurysma the color
Let the Oyl Rosin Wax and Suet melt together and then let them be boyled unto a just consistence and after let the rest of the Ingredients be added Of Take White Wax Turpentine Rosin of each one ounce Frankincense and Mastick of each two drams Styrax Calamite three drams Gum Elemi six drams round Aristolochy two drams the juyce of Milfoyl and Betony of each half an ounce Oyl of Roses as much as wil suffice and make an Vnguent But let the Wax Rosin Turpentime and Oyls be first of al dissolved together after this let the Juyces be poured unto them and when they begin to grow cool add the Pouders Or Take Oyl of Roses twelve ounces Ceruss three on ounces Litharge four ounces and half Frankincense and Mastick of each half a dram Dragons blood half an ounce Myrrh and Sarcocol of each two drams boyl them a little until they be red after remove them from them fire and then dip therein an old Linen cloth which when it is throughly soaked in the matter of the Emplaster may be taken forth and spread abroad to make a Sparadrape Touching the ulcers of the rest of the parts we have already treated of them in the formers Books of this our Practice To wit in the first Book Part 3. Sect. 2. Chap. 18. of the ulcers of the Adnata and Cornea Tunicles of the Eye ibid. Sect. 3. Chap 3. of the ulcers of the Ears ibid. Sect. 4. Chap. 1. of the ulcers of the Nostrils In the second Book part 1. Chap. 3. of the ulcers of the Lips ibid. Chap. 16. of the ulcers of the Gums ibid. Chap. 21. of the exulceration of the Throat-pipe ibid. Chap. 22. of the ulcers of the Tonsils Part 2. Chap. 1. of the ulcers of the Aspera Arteria or rough Artery ibid. Chap. 12. of the ulcers of the Lungs ibid. Chap. 18. of the Fistula's of the Thorax Part 4. Chap. 3. of the ulcers of the Heart Book 3. Part. 1. Sect. 1. Chap. 1. of the ulcers of the Oesophagus ibid. Chap. 17. of the ulcers of the Stomach Part 2. Sect. 1. Chap. 9 10. of the ulcers of the Intestines Part 3. Chap. 5. of the impostumes and ulcers of the Mesentery ibid. Chap. 7. of the ulcers of the Pancreas ibid. Chap. 8. of the Caul Part 4. Chap. 8. of the Spleen ibid. Part 6. Chap. 8. of the Liver Part 7. Chap. 11. of the Reins Part 9. Sect. 1. Chap. 6. of the Bladder ibid. Chap. 9. of the Urinary Passage Part 8. Chap. 5. of the Testicles ibid. Chap. 6. of the Cods ibid. Chap. 8. 10. of the Yard Part 10. Chap. 5. of the Navel ibid. Chap. 7.11 of the Abdomen Book 4. Part 1. Sect 1. Chap. 48. of the Neck of the Womb ibid. Chap. 10. of the Fistula's of the Neck of the Womb ibid. Chap. 11. of the Cancer of the Womb ibid Chap. 12. of the Gangrene and Sphacelus of the Womb Sect. 2. Chap. 14. of the Cancer of the Womb ibid. Chap. 19. of the ulcers of the Womb ibid. Chap. 20. of the Testicles in Women Part 3. Sect. 1. Chap. 7. of the Cancer of the Breasts Chap. 8. of the ulcers and Fistula's of the Breasts ibid. Chap. 11. of the ulcers of the Teats Chap. 18. Of Burnings WE may not unfitly unto Ulcers subjoyn Burnings which do likewise excite and raise ulcers For oftentimes it happeneth that by some mischance and unfortunate accident the Members may be scalded either with water or with hot boyling Oyl mor melted Metal or else one may chance to fal into the Fire into the Water or into scalding hot Oyl which whensoever it happeneth then pain blisters and exulcerations are excited The Differences Now of such things as are burnt there are three degrees or Differences For somtimes there is only a heat and pain excited in the part affected by the said burning and unless that Remedies be forthwith administred the Scarf-Skin wil be separated from the true Skin and blisters wil be raised in the which there wil be a certain cleer water contained and oftentimes likewise suddenly and in a moment the blister or bladder is lifted up and the very Skin it self is burnt dried up scorched and contracted together and yet notwithstanding there is al this while no Crust or Eschar produced but at other times the very Skin it self yea and oftentimes the flesh that lieth under it is burnt dried up and an Eschar produced and the Skin becometh black loseth somwhat of its sense and feeling and after that the Eschar is fallen off there is left behind an ulcer sufficiently deep For fire dissolveth the continuity and exciteth a pain and because the moist parts in the Skin are resolved by the force of the fire and endeavor to exspire and breathe forth but are stil kept in by the thickness of the Scarf-skin they lift it up and raise the bladder or blister But sometimes again there is by the force of the fire some kind of humidity left remaining in the part from whence the Skin is contracted and drawn together but somtimes also the moisture of the part is altogether dissiputed and dried up and an Eschar is produced and this happeneth according to the variety of the things that burn For Water burneth less than the other and this Water likewise more or less according as it is more on less hot For stubble straw flax and the like cause no great and vehement burning unless the burning be long continued But Oyl burneth more and so do Fat 's Varnish Pitch Honey Wax And the greatest and most vehement of al burners are Lead and Tin meltd Iron and other Metals made red hot by the fire as likewise the very actual Fire it self Gun-powder and Lightening And so likewise by how much the thicker the subject matter of the Fire is and the more its force and strength is augmented by the concurrence of its many Atomes and the more it is condensed and lastly by how much the longer the action of the Fire is continued by so much the greater the burning must needs be But if the fire be in a subject more thin and so its Atomes be the more dispersed and but little united and if its action likewise continue but a short time then the burning is so much the less Prognosticks Touching the Diagnostick Signs there is no need that we speak any thing at al since that the burning wil sufficiently manifest it self Its Degrees likewise and how far it hath gone wil sufficiently appear by what was said a little before As for the Prognosticks 1. By how much the lighter the Burning is by so much the more easily it is cured and so much the less is the evil that it bringeth along with it but by how much the burning is greater by so much the harder it is to cure and so much the more grievous the evils that it bringeth along with it For oftentimes an Inflammation of the part yea even a Necrosis or
presently called at the very beginning and if after the burning is quite healed there remain stil some blemishes then there is to be laid on a Vesicatory of Canthaâ—ides and Leven and the Bladders or Blisters that are excited are to be cut with a pair of Cizers the Powder to be taken forth and the place the like hereunto is to be done likewise at other times in such like burnings is carefully to be washed from its blackness with the Decoction of Fenugreek and Camomil flowers And afterward this or the like Linimet is to be made use of Viz. Take Gum Elemi one dram Dissolve it in the Oyl of Eggs of Roses and of white Lilies of each two drams Vnguent Basilicon three drams unsalted Butter one ounce and mingle them Gulielmus Fabricius in his Book of Burnings Chap. 6. maketh use also of the Powder of Precipitate But Paraeus doth rightly inform us that this Gun-powder doth somtimes so penetrate in the Skin and the Flesh these notwithstanding being not greatly hurt that it cannot by any Remedies be taken or drawn forth neither by Phaenigms nor by Vesicatories nor by Scarification not by Cupping glasses so that oftentimes there remanâ— some certain footsteps and prints thereof as experience it self testifieth But for the moderating of the pain let the parts that lie neer be anoynted over with this Unguent Take Oyl of Sweet Almonds of Roses of white Wax of each one ounce let them melt over the fire and then ad of Camphyr one scruple and a little of the Mucilage of Quince seeds Mingle them c. Burning from Lightening And hither belongs that Burning that happeneth from Lightening But now in regard that Lightening hath Joyned therewith a Malignant poysonous quality which manifestly appeareth from the stinking smel it carrieth along with it and that great power it hath to hurt the body yea oftentimes to Kill as also by this that even the Dogs wil not touch the flesh or Carkasses of those Creatures that have been destroyed by Lightening therefore when any one hath been blasted and burnt with Lightening then the Party is immeditely to be put into a Sweat by giving of him some of the Pouder of Bezoar or Treacle or Bezoar Water The Arteries also the Lips the Tongue and the Nosethrils are to be anoynted with Wine in the which Treacle hath been dissolved and unto the Hand-wrists and the Heart there ought to be applied Cordial Epithems but unto the burnt place there are to be applied Unguents made of Onions the Leaves of Rew and Treacle there are likewise to be administred Cordiall Syrupâ— Conserves and Pouders If there be an Eschar drawn over it it is speedily to be removed with a Penknife and then such a like Unguent as this is to be applied Take of the Pouder of the Root of Swallow-wort of Angelica of each half an ounce the Leaves of Rew and Water-Germander of each one dram Treacle two drams Treacle Spirit three drams Honey of Roses two ounces mingle c. The Ulcer being cleansed this sarcotick Pouder is to be strewed thereon for the breeding of flesh Take Roots of Angelica and Swallow-wort of each one ounce Myrrh Mastick Frankincense the Leaves of Water Germander of each half an ounce Aloes succotrine two drams make a Pouder which may be sprinkled with the Juice of the true and right Nicotian or Tobacco and Sanicle and hereof Trochisques are to be made which must be dried in the shade and when there is occasion again reduced into a Pouder But then if there be likewise any bones broken then we are not to make use of those extraordinary and common Astringent Cataplasms lest that the evaporation of the poyson should be hindered but some other of Bean meal Barly meal of Lupines of Angelica root of Swallow-wort of Rew leaves Leaves of Water Germander and Treacle and this is to be renewed day by day untill such time as the strength of the poyson be overcome and discussed And upon the place there is a Defensive to be put lest that the poysonous vapours through the vessels ascend up unto the Heart But if the Burning be so great the vehement The Cure of Burnings of the second degree that there be not only bladders or Blisters raised but that the Skin be likewise burnt overdried and drawn together then those Medicaments that only draw forth the Empyreuma wil not suffice neither are they alone to be applied but suâ—are likewise to be administred that mollifie and soften the Skin that is so much dried And therefore all the Pustules are forthwith to be cut and opened that so the hot and sharp humor may flow forth and then such a like Unguent is presently to be laid on upon the place affected Take of the Basilick Vnguent one ounce Oyl of Roses of Almonds of white Lilies of each tree drams Yelks of two Eggs Mingle them c. Or Take of new fresh Butter the new and fresh fat of a Hen of each one ounce new Wax and Oyl of white Lilies of each half an ounce let them melt upon the fire and then mingle therwith of Saffron one scruple Mucilage of Quince seeds one ounce Mingle them c. Or else this of Fabricius Take New fresh Butter washed in Rose-water three ounces Oyl of Violets of the Yelks of Egs of sweet Almonds of each half an ounce Barley Meal one ounce and half Saffron one scruple Mucilage of Quince seeds one ounce Wax as much as wil suffice and make an Vnguent Or else another of those things that were before mentioned Or Take Litharge Ceruss or Vermilion as much as you please let them boyl in Vinegar the Vinegar being passed through the filtring bag add of the Oyl of Violets or Oyl of Eggs a sufficient quantity and let them be carefully mingled together And afterward Take the Pulp of sweet Apples rosted under the Embers two ounces Barley Meal and Fenugreek seed of each half an ounce and with Milk make a Cataplasm unto which add of Saffron half a scruple mingle c. But upon the burnt place such a Defensive is to be laid on Take the Pouder of Bole-armenick Dragons Blood Pomegranate flowers Flowers of red Roses of each half an ounce Oyl of Roses three ounces Wax one ounce and half a little Vinegar and make an Vnguent And then the Member it self is afterward to be bound about with a Swathband that hath been wel wet in Oxycrate or else a Linen cloth throughly moistened in the said Oxycrate is to be imposed upon it that both the pain may be mitigated and the influx of the Humors hindered and prevented They commonly make use of that tart Brine or pickle in which the Cabbage is kept and preserved If lastly the Skin be not only somwhat dried Cure of Burning of the third degree but that al the Radical humidity thereof be wholly consumed and the Native heat altogether scattered yea and the very flesh it self and the Veins and the
that out of it store of Blood be poured forth unto the Heart overwhelming it and suffocating the heat thereof Thirdly Al the internal wounds of the greater Vessels that cannot by any art be closed upon regard they cause the Blood being plentifully poured forth either out of the Veins or the Arteries that the spirits be suddenly dissipated therefore of necessity they speedily suffocate the wounded person Fourthly All those Wounds are said to be Mortal that suddenly take away the Respiration and hinder the ventilation of the Heart so that the Native heat of the Heart is suffocated and so cause that the Man die even almost in the very same manner as Apoplectical persons are wont to die And such like wounds are especially the Wounds of the Brain but yet not all of them since that there are many Wounds of the Brain that are not Mortal as afterwards we shall shew you and as we have already told you in the first B. of our Practice first part and 23. Chapter But those great Wounds and such as are the Cause that the Animal spirits be suddenly dissipated or that the blood being poured forth of the Vessels the Orifice of the Nerves be quite stopped and so by this means the influx of the Animal Spirits be hindered or that from the same an inflammation of the Brain or a feaver be excited And this is not only done by the Wounds of the very Brain it self but likewise by the strokes and vehement Confusions of the Head by which the Vessels of the Brain and those neer about it are broken and the Blood poured forth of them unto the beginning of the Nerves and there subsisting hinder the influx of the Animal Spirits And this may also happen if the Sinus or hollow places of the Brain chance to be hurt so that out of them blood be poured forth unto the Basis of the Brain and so it is likewise in the Wounds of the Eyes if they penetrate so deep that they open either the Vessels of the Brain or those that are in the Basis thereof or those that are neer about the said Basis of the Brain and so that the Blood poured forth unto the Basis of the Brain hinder the influx of the Animal spirits by compressing the beginning of the Neryes For although that the Blood if it be poured forth above upon the Brain may possibly be emptied forth by perforating and opening of the Cranium or Skul yet nevertheless if it be poured forth unto the Basis of the Brain it is impossible that it should ever be evacuated There seemeth yet nevertheless to be another way whereby the Blood poured forth into the Brain or about the Brain bringeth Death within a vâ—ry few daies if it cannot be evacuated For when as it is without the Vessels it beginneth to putrefie usually about the fifth day from whence feavers deliries and Convulsions are excited so that the man dieth in the same manner almost as one in a Phrensie That which is done by the Wounds of the brain the very same happeneth likewise from the spinal Marrow if it be indeed wholly cut assunder in the superior part thereof for then the motion of all the inferior parts and so of the Thorax likewise is abolished and the wounded persons are suffocated And unto one of these four waies I conceive that al kinds of Mortal Wounds may be referred And therefore if a Wound penetrate into any interior part of the Body so that thereupon the wounded person die within a short space of time we are then to Judg that that Wound was Mortal and if diligent inquiry be made I am of Opinion that it may be referred unto some one kind or other of these Mortal Wounds whether that Wound hurt the vital faculty it self immediatly or else hurt it by the intervening of some other Disease or Symptom For as Nicolaus Boetius writeth out of Felinus in his 323. Decision Numb 10. it is all one whether a Wounded man die of his Wound or of some infirmity caused by the same Which yet nevertheless is so to be understood if the Wound necessarily attract that Disease or that Symptom which is the Cause of Death But as for all the other Wounds whatsoever that cannot be referred unto some one of these manners I conceive that they cannot simply nor necessarily be accounted Mortal The which that it may be made the more plainly to appear we have it now in our purpose in special to weigh and discover unto you the Wounds of all parts that are to be accounted Mortal Now Hippocrates Judgeth the wounds of seven parts to be Mortal What Wounds accounted Mortal by Hippocrates whilest in his sixth Sect. Aphor. 18. he thus writeth Whosoever hath his Bladder out through or his Brain or his Heart or his Midriff or any of his smal Guts or his Stomack or his Liver that Wound is Mortal Which Aphorism notwithstanding in his Coaca or his Tract of Playsters Aphor. 509. he both Limiteth and Amplifieth when he thus saith From a Wound even Death it self may almost happen if any one be wounded in his Brain or in his spinal Marow or in his Liver or in his Midriff or in his Heart or in his Bladder or in any one of the greater Veins Death likewise soon followeth if any extraordinary great Blows be inflicted upon an Artery and upon the Lungs so that the Lungs being wounded the Breath that passeth out at the Mouth is less then that which issueth forth at the Wound But they suddenly perish whosoever they are that have received a Wound in the interior Nerves whether smal or g eat if the Blow or Wound be both Transverse and great but if the Wound be but smal and straight there are some that escape the danger But there is neither Death nor any great dangâ—r impending from those Wounds that are inflicted on those parts of the Body in the which there are none of these or which are as far distant at may be from these Indeed he limits the Aphorism whilest that he doth not simply write that such like wounds are altogether Mortal but almost and for the most part He amplifyeth it whilest that he addeth the spinal Marrow the greater and thicker Veins the rough Artery and the Lungs and the interior Nerves And therfore we wil in order consider the wounds of these parts For it is without doubt that the Wounds of the rest of the Parts are not at all of theâ—selves Morâ—al and this Hippocrates himself teacheth us in the above mentioned Aphorism 509. in Coacis Celsus in his 5. B. and 26. Chap. thus rendereth the foresaid Opinion of Hippocrates He cannot possibly be preserved that hath the Basis of his Brain his Heart his Stomack the parts of his Liver the Marrow in his Back-bone wounded or that person that hath either the middle of his Lungs or the Jejunum i. e. the hungry Gout or any of the smaller Guts or the Stomack or the Reins be
Cavity of his Breast and emptied forth no smal store of purulent matter that stank not much but behoâ—d we found to our great admiration that the Wound had penetrated even into the right ventricle of the Heart and that the aforesaid part of the Heart was almost all of it withered and wasted away the left part stil abiding safe and entire in which is conteined the Primary Store-house and treasury of the vital Spirits And therefore by the benefit of this alone the life of this Soldier was preserved even unto the sixteenth day in the morning And lest haply that this relation should not be Credited by some the most Noble and Illustrious persons before mentioned Bernhard Hoornkeus Governour of the City Garrison and Petrus Pappus the Military Praetor have confirmed the same by their Testimony and the subscription of their Hands And the latter of them hath likewise made an exact narration of this History in his learned Commentaries upon the Military discipline Done at Groninga the 22 day of June in the year 1627. I Bernhard Hoornkeus do attest what is above written this 22 of June 1627. I Petrus Pappus von Tratzberk do attest that this History is true and that I my self very well know it to be so And therefore what is related by Matthias Glandorpius in his Speculum Chirurgicum Chap. 23. touching Sanctorius a Professor at Padua that struck a Coney through the Heart with a sharp instrument the Coney still remaining alive for many Months after this without doubt being to be understood of the right ventricle of the Heart it happening withal likewise that the instrument out of all question was not broad but narrow and sharp-pointed VVounds of the Lungs Fourthly The Wounds of the Lungs Hippocrates indeed reckoneth them up in the number of those Wounds that are Mortal in the place before alleadged in Coacis and yet nevertheless he doth not absolutely and simply pronounce all the wounds of the Lungs to be Mortal but he himself addeth a Limitation to wit this if the wound shall be so great that the Lungs being Wounded there passeth forth less of the breath by the Mouth then there issueth forth of the Wound And that all the Wounds of the Lungs are not Mortal we are oftentimes taught by experience which evidently confirmeth it unto us that many who have been wounded through the whole Thorax and the Lungs have yet notwithstanding escaped with their lives and recovered their former health and soundness And I my self saw an example of this in a certain Student who in the year 1633. in the Month of July in the night received a wound by a narrow sharp pointed Sword run through his Breast on the right side thereof about the Third short Rib neer unto the Arm-pit and coming forth opposite unto it neer unto Spina so that he sent forth by the wound much Breath with a great noise and yet notwithstanding this man recovered and was well again within the space of a month and even now also in this year 1634. wherein I am writing these things he is in good health and strength Yea Guliâ—lmus Fabricius in his 2 Cent. Observat 32. our of a History imparted unto him by one Abel Roscius which is as followeth telleth us of the Cure of a wound in the Lungs that was far more dangerous then the former The story is this There was saith he among the Delphinates in the town of Calmuntium a certain person grievously wounded in his Brâ—â—st the wound being made by the prick of a Sword betwixt the fifth sixth ribs of the breast not far from the Sternum or Breast bone in whom when the Sword by its broad point had lightly pierced through even the very Lungs in the drawing of it forth I know not by what ill chance it being turned round it brought forth along with it through the wound a smal portion of the Lungs whereupon immediatly all the standers by adjudged the Wounded person to be at the very point of Death In the mean time the Physitian together with a Chirurgeon being sent for so soon as he was come instantly commanded that the part of the Lobe of the Lungs that hung forth being first well washed in Wine should again be thrust back into the Breast But in the handling thereof perceiving that it began to look blackish and wan he caused it to be cut off with a red hot Iron Instrument But as for the Rest of it the Chirurgeon gently thrust it back again into the Breast the Ribbs being first dilated with a Wooden wedg that was instantly provided for that very purpose And then after this by the Art and Medicaments prescribed by the Physitian he was Cured then being withal external means administred and some certain pectoral Decoctions of Vulnerary Herbs for a few daies inwardly drunk and so the wounded person perfectly recovered and after this lengthened out his life for many years his Lungs and Breast all the while continuing still very sound and altogether free from all manner of hurt and detriment And therefore we may conclude that the Wounds of the Lungs are not alwaies of themselves Mortal or incurable unless haply a deep Wound therein be affected with an Inflammation or else when the Wound hath hurt the great Vessels or the Lappets thereof or that the wound reacheth neer unto the Heart And many other such like Histories Schenckius in the 2. B. of his Observat relateth out of Franciscus Valleriola his fourth B. Observat 10. Nicolaus Massa Franciscus Arcaeus Fallopius and Foresius and the like are to be seen also in Guliemus Fabricius his 3. Cent. Observat 36. and Cent. 1. Epist 52. and others all which here to recount would be too tedious And the like History is related also by that excellent and expert Physitian Doctor George Horstius in his 3. B. Observat 11. in these Words A certain Noble youth saith he Abraham a Schleinitz a Knight of Misna living with us at Giessa as a student in the year 161â— goeth to the House of a certain Citisen upon his Birth day which the Citisen as it seemeth was wont to observe in a festival manner other in the saiâ— House by Quarrels and Threats having given an occasion of a Tumult thither being come through a Chink of the Door he was run through his Body with a very sharp Sword the entrance of the Wound being not far from the Sternum about the Third or Fourth superiour Rib and the Sword going forth again under the Shoulder blade not far off from the Spina I being called about the first hour of the Night found that his Pulse was very weak and that there was present a difficulty of Breathing whereupon I had but smal hopes of him as conceiving very great danger to be at hand by Reason of the grievous hurt of hit Lungs and the great Vessels But see what happened A vomiting taking him suddenly without any means used to procure it all the grievous Symptoms
ceased and his strength by degrees returned there being no purulent spittle at all that offered to come forth his Cough likewise and difficult breathing were not very urgent and troublesom neither for the first Week did any heat and thirst very much affect the sick person in the interim the wounds being handled after the Vsual manner there daily flowed forth an indifferent Quantity of well concocted pus or purulent matter These means being continued unto the second month and the External wounds being purified and consolidated the sick person was suddenly taken with a most dangerous suffocation so that he was in great peril of being strangled by an Asthma as it were and he was likewise very much afflicted with a cough Atrophy and Hectick Feaver until at length the imposthume of the Lungs brake and with the Cough five or six pints of purulent matter were cast up at his mouth after which the exulceration of the Lungs being cured by fit and proper Remedies the consumption Fever Hectick and all the rest of the symptoms remitted and the Patient was restored unto his perfect health To wit those Wounds of the Lungs are not mortal in which only the substance of the Lungs is hurt and not the great vessels and such as are not so great that they abolish respiration or suddenly destroy the vital faculty either by their dislipating the sprits through some notable Hemorrhage or else suffocating the heart by pouring out the blood upon the Lungs and upon the heart On the contrary if the wound of the Lungs be great and that not only the substance of the Lungs but likewise the great vessels that are therein to wit those notable and observable branches of the Arterial vein and the veiny Artery be wounded those wounds are mortal being such as in which the blood and vital spirit is poured forth and dissipated or else through the overgreat abundance of the blood the Lungs and heart are oppressed and the Patient suffocated Hippocrates in the place alleadged in Coacis addeth yet another cause of death which yet nevertheless doth not bring so sudden a destruction unto any person as those in the former case even now mentioned where the wound being great it is not the vessels containing the blood that are indeed hurt but the great and rough Artery so that by reason of the largness of the wound there is more breath that goeth forth by the wound then by the mouth for then by reason of the sympathy the heart is affected the vital spirits dissipated the Lungs and heart by the ambient Air altered and offended And indeed those wounds of the Lungs bring death likewise in which either the substance of the Lungs beginneth to be exulcerated and that a Consumption is excited or in which the blood is poured forth into the Cavity of the Thorax where it beginneth to putrefy and where it causeth either a feaver or an Empyema But in regard that this doth not alwaies happen and not at al in some wounds of the Lungs and that likewise when it doth happen there is no necessity that the Patient die for this cause therefore those wounds of the Lungs are not to be accounted necessarily Mortal For Felix Platerus in his 3. B. of Obsrv Page 690. relateth that a certain person that he knew falling into a Consumption from a Wound of the Lungs was yet nevertheless Cured and perfectly recovered A certain Coffermaker sayth he one of our Citizens having from a servant of his received a wound very deep in the lowest part of the Thorax by a prick from the point of a knife by the wound he voided forth a most stinking and loathsom pus or matter by the ill savor whereof the whol neighborhood was infected and offended and likewise some certain smal parcells of his Lungs in which the cartilaginous branches of the rough Artery did manifestly appear which persevering a long time albeit that he was in a manner wholly wasted away yet nevertheless at the length the flowing forth of the purulent matter remitting the wound was closed and he restored unto perfect soundness living after this many years as a foot-post in carrying of letters and thus he prolonged his life for forty years safe and found as we say although as it is very probable he wanted great part of his Lungs in one side The wounds of the rough Artery Fifthly That the wounds of the great rough Artery commonly called Aspera Arteria are not mortal but that they may be cured even the Laryngotomy or Cutting of the Laryinx of which we have spoken before in the Second Book of our Pract Part. 1. Chap. 24. doth evidently demonstrate To wit those of them are cured that are not great and in which the membranes only by which the rings of the rough Artery are fastened and linked together are wounded examples of which Schenkius in the Second Book Of his Observat hath collected And I my self also have twice seen such like wounds cured But if those very cartilaginous rings be wounded by reason of their hardness the part cannot again be made to grow together as formerly as Hippocrates teacheth us in the sixth of his Aphorisms Aph. 19. And in the seventh of his Aphorisms Aph. 28. and Galen in Book 5. of his method of Physick Chapt. 7. And yet notwithstanding such like Wounds do not cause a sudden death but a flow and lingering one while that the Lungs are either altered and weakned by that Air that violently breaketh in upon the Lungs thorow the wound or else that a certain smal gobbet of flesh grow unto the wound which by intercepting the breath at the length choaketh the Person But those wounds alone of the rough Artery throttle the Party in which the jugular veins and Arteries being hurt the blood violently and al at once rusheth into the Lungs intercepteth the breathing and so suffocateth the wounded person which yet nevertheless happeneth not by reason of the wound of the said rough Artery but by reason of the wound of the Jugular vein or the soporal i. e. more plainly the sleep-conveying Artery that is very neer unto it Wounds of the Diaphragm Sixthly Hippocrates reckoneth up the Wounds of the Diaphragm among those wounds that are mortal But Galen in his Book 5. of the Method of Physick Chapt. 9. distinguisheth between those wounds of the diaphragm that are inflicted upon the nervous part therof those that are made in its fleshy part and those he wil have to be mortal but these latter Curable And yet nevertheless in the Sixth of the Aphorism Aph. 18. he writeth that the wounds of the nervous part of the Diaphragm are not alwaies mortal but that the great wounds therein are only so For then it is indeed that those grievous symptoms plainly appear viz. a deliry or stupid dotage difficult breathing Feavers Convulsions and as Aristotle hath likewise observed in his third Book of the parts of living Creatures and tenth Chapt. the
there happeneth unto it a pain an Inflammation a Deliry a Convulsion and other Symptoms Thirdly From the very greatness of the Wound And Fourthly From those things that usually happen and befal the Wound To wit Prognosticks 1. The more Noble the part affected is or which may likewise draw a more Noble part into Consent with it by so much the more dangerous is the Wound 2. Those Wounds that are in the muscles far from the Joynts and the Temples are more easily Cured then those that are in the Nerves Tendons Membranous parts and the Joynts For the wounds of the Nerves and of the nervous parts are for the most part dangerous in regard that by Reason of the pain and inflammations a Convulsion and other grievous Symptoms do easily happen and therefore they require a very expert and diligent Chirurgeon 3. All the Wounds of the internal parts are more dangerous then the Wounds of the external parts 4. Great Wounds are more dangerous then smal ones all things else being answerable 5. Moreover saith Celsus in his 5. B and 26. Chap. that which may much conduce hereunto is the Age and the Body and the order and Course of life and the time of the yeer for sooner is Cured a Child Youth or young man then one that is Ancient and in years and one that is of a strong Constitution is more easily and sooner Cured then he that is of a weak and infirm Body and one that is not over fat nor over lean sooner then if he were one of these and he that is of an intire and sound habit then that man that hath an unsound and Corrupt habit of Body And sooner likewise is that person to be Cured that is given to exercise then the slothful and sluggish person the sober and temperate then one addicted to Wine and Venery 6. Wounds are more easily Cured in the spring time then in the Winter or the hot Summer 7. That Wound likewise that hath a Contusion Joyned with it is the more dangerous And therefore it is of the two better to be wounded with a sharp-pointed or sharp edged then with a blunt and dull Weapon 8. Those Wounds are most safe and most easie to Cure that are made in a straight and direct line but those with more difficulty that are oblique and those most difficultly of all that are round and orbicular 9. If a Nerve or a Vein or an Artery shall be wholly Cut there is less danger impending then if it be cut but only in part alwaies provided that they are none of the more notable Veins and Arteries and Scituate in the deeper parts of the Body For if a Nerve be wholly cut assunder there is then no danger of a Convulsion which we may well fear is night at hand if the Nerve be cut but only in part And so if a principal Vein and Artery be wholly Cut the danger of the Hemorrhage is then wholly taken away when the Vessel is Contracted and drawn together but if a Vein or an Artery be only wounded and not wholly cut assunder very dangerous Hemorrhages do then oftentimes arise And yet nevertheless if it be one of the most Notable and Observable either of the Veins or Arteries that is cut assunder then that part unto which this befalleth is deprived of its wonted Native and necessary heat and is somtimes likewise taken with an Atrophy 10. Those wounds that have passed beyond the last and untmost term of Acute Diseases and especially the fourtieth day are not in themselves Mortal but if the sick person die this may proceed either from all ill disposition of the Body or else by Reason of Errors committed in the Diet of the sick person or the Physitians Errors in the curing thereof Yet nevertheless such like wounds are not Cured without much difficulty in regard that they indicate that there is present some grievous Cause which hindereth the Conglutination of the wound 11. That wound is alwaies evil by which there is somthing cut off and by which the flesh that is cut off from one part hangeth upon some other 12. Such as together with their Vlcers are troubled with Conspicuous and apparent Tumors these are not subject unto any dangerous Convulsion or Madness but those in whom they presently vanish and disappear if this indeed be done in the hinder part then Convulsions and Cramps follow but if in the forepart then there happeneth Madness an Acute pain of the side Empyema and Dysentery if the Tumors be more red then ordinary in the 5. of the Aphor. Aph. 65. And ibid. Aphor. 66. If the Wounds being great and depraved there appear no Tumor this betokeneth much evil which Celsus in his 5. B. and 26. Chap thus rendereth But for a Wound overmuch to swel up is somwhat dangerous but not at all to swel up is far more dangerous Yea most of all perillous The former is an evidence of a great Inflammation and the latter a token of a dead and mortified Body 13. That an Inflammation should supervene upon a great Wound is no wonder at all and therefore it ought not in the least to terrifie us if it do not long continue But for an Inflammation to follow upon a small wound and for it long Continue this indeed is very dangerous being such as is wont to excite Convulsion and Deliries or Dotings 14. When the fifth day is now come how great the Inflammation it like to be it will then shew it self On which said day the Wound being again uncovered the color thereof ought well to be considered Which if it be Pale and Wan Leaden-colored of a various colour or black we are then to know for a truth that this wound is evil and dangerous and this whensoever we well consider it cannot much terrifie and affrighten us Cornel. Cellus Lib. 5. Chap. 26. 15. A Convulsion in a Wound is very pernitious Hippocrat Sect. 5. Aphorism 2. 16. A Vomiting also of Choler that is neither voluntary nor yet accustomed unto even presently so soon as ever a man is wounded or while the Inflammation remaineth this is an ill sign because it betokeneth that the Nervous parts are wounded 17. If the wound in the Arm Hand or other part be so great that by Reason of the Veins and Arteries cut assunder it can no longer possibly receive any influx from the Liver and the heart the extream part then dieth and therefore lest that the Gangrene should be communicated unto the sound part it is maturely even with all speed to be cut off 18. Those wounds that happen unto Cathectical and Hydropical persons are very hardly Cured because that as Hippocrates speaks of Vlcers Whatsoever is dry cometh neerer unto that that is sound and whatsoever is moist approacheth very neer unto that that is vitiated 19. The greater the Wound is the more time all things else being answerable is required for the curing thereof and the lâ—ss it is the less time it
unto that Woman out of whom they flowed Although they do not likewise here sufficiently and cleerly explain themselves For Crollius writeth that this Cure is performed by the Magnetick attractive virtue of the said Medicament caused by the Constellations which virtue say they by the Medium of the Air may be brought unto the Wound and conjoyned therewith and then immediatly he addeth that there are three things that by this Medicament Cause so admirable an effect 1. The Sympathy of Nature 2. The influence of the Celestial Bodies performing its operations by the Elements 3. The Balsam that being endued with a healing virtue is Naturally put upon any one whatsoever without any distinction of either Person or Sex Reasons against the defenders of the Weapon-salve But in very truth that we may briefly open unto you and shew you our Opinion touching this Unguent that which in the first place rendereth it very suspicious is this that they give us not one only way for the composition of this Unguent but very many and in some of them those things are omitted and wholly left out from which others derive al the virture of this Medicament as is apparent from the many descriptions above mentioned And so Wittichius leaveth out of the Composition the Vsnea or moss the Fat and Blood of man which yet nevertheless others make the very Basis and Foundation of all the virtue of this Medicament and it is with them the principal part thereof And yet nevertheless they will all of them promise you the very same effect and every of them extolleth his own as sit and proper for al Wounds whatsoever the Weapon be wherewith they are inflicted and whether they be by pricking or by Cutting or by any thing cast at the party or by a fal albeit that Goclenius indeed and Crollius do except those Wounds that are in the Nerves Arteries or any of the more principal Members as the Heart Brain c. What others object against the Composition of this Medicament to wit that the Authors of this Unguent require the Vsnea or Moss that is cut off from the Skul of a Man hanged as also joyning therewith Mummy Mans Blood a little warm and Mans fat and that in the Mans Blood and fat they think the marrow and pith of the whole business that is to say the whole virtue of this Unguent to consist whâ—ch these Judg to be superstitious this Objection I no waies own neither will I defend it it being so well known that Mans fat and Skul Mummy and Vsnea are made use of by other Physitians without any superstition in the Curing of Diseases And yet notwithstanding of this I must here admonish you that seeing that Magitians and Wizards as will appear out of Apuleius upon the 2. and 3. B. of Ovids Metamorphosis and Nicolaus Remigius in his 1. B. of Daemonolatry and â—6 Chap. and 2. B. Ch. 1. and others also that have written of witches and Sorcerers seeing I say that these are wont in their sorcery to use mans Blood and Flesh and other parts of Mans Body every one ought to be careful who will make use of such Medicaments that he do not superstitiously use the said Medicament for the procuring of a Natural effect and so thereby gratifie the Devil who is the enemy of Mans both Soul and Body and so unawares do him Service which may be done if he use such Medicaments for those effects that are not in the Natural power of those things and therfore if those effects shal follow they are to be imputed and ascribed unto the Devil by such like superstitious practises laying snares for mankinde rather then unto the thing it self As touching the effect of this Medicament that it doth not evermore answer the desire and expectation we are shewn by Guilbel Gabricius in his third Cent. and 25. Observation And be it so that as many great and eminent persons have testified divers who have made use hereof have recovered yet nevertheless these can attest no more but this that the person was wounded that unto him there was administred this kind of Cure by the Weapon-Salve and that this person recovered but that he recovered by the virtue of this Medicament this they cannot testifie For there may be oftentimes many things conjoyned with some effect that are not the Cause thereof And therefore as it doth not follow that such a person walking it Lightened therefore his walking was the cause of the Lightening so no more will it follow this wounded person was healed and he applied the Weapon-Salve therefore the Weapon-Salve was the cause of the cure unless it be demonstrated that from the said Unguent this effect necessarily followed And in nothing indeed is the fallacy of the cause more frequent then in Physick where oftentimes the healing of some Disease is attributed unto this or that Medicament whereas the truth is it proceeded not from the said Medicament but either from Nature her self or else from such other Medicaments as were administred before together with or after the said Medicament whereunto the Cure is ascribed And a very great difference there is between Physick and other Arts. For in other Arts the effect being upon somthing that is solid dependeth wholly upon the Artificer and if there be any thing well or ill done by him all this is to be imputed and ascribed unto the Artist unless it so fal out as happily it may and often doth that by reason of the unfitness of the subject matter for as we use to say a Mercury or Statue is not made of every piece of Wood or else by reason of some fault in the Instrument somwhat may happen to be done amiss since that as we told you before in the first B. of our Institutions and 1. Chap. the subjects of other Arts do nothing at all but only obey the will of the workman whereas in Physick the subject matter thereof hath a certain innate power by which being assisted by the Physitian for the most part of its own accord it tendeth unto health from whence it is that by Hippocrates 6. Epid. Comm. 5. Text 1. they are said to be the Curers of the Diseases of Nature So that the whol business in short comes to this that the State of the Controversie here is not whether in a person wounded and recovered again the Cure were done by the Weapon-Salve but this whether or no the Weapon-Salve were the Cause of the healing of the Wound touching which we are now to make a little further enquiry Now it being so that Nature as we shewed you above is the Cause of the Wounds Conglutination but without the virtue of any Medicament under what Notion or Consideration soever and that oftentimes likewise even by Lard or some other thing of no great moment laid on many Wounds without the help of any other Medicaments or any assistance from the Physitian have been Cured therefore in the Cure likewise that is by
those places to wit the hinder part of the Neck and the Region of the left Loyn were exulcerated and he telleth us likewise of a certain Maid-servant that had seven of these Cupping-Glasses applied unto several parts of all which the Skin was exulcerated only under one of them to wit that which was affixed unto the right Shoulder-Blade and there he assureth us that the very same happened also unto many others But now this seemeth to make very much against those who will have this Malady to proceed from the vitious conflux and storing up of the Humors to wit that there being at that same time three publique Baths at Brunna they only were infected who made use of Scarification in that Adams Bath which ought likewise to have happened altogether alike in them all if the Disease had its original from the vitious Humors gotten together in the Body But the opinion of Sporischius as he determineth that this affect proceeded from the pituitous or Flegmatick Humor doth no way deserve that any assent should be given unto it For it easily appeareth unto any one that well weigheth the History and considereth the Symptoms of this Disease that the Cause of this Disease was from somwhat that was poysonous And yet nevertheless the Second opinion seemeth to me the more probable For like as Crato taketh notice and giveth us to understand since that there was not any one infected besides those that used Scarification and that also in this Bath only and not in any other it is therefore very likely and most agreeable to the truth that by cuts and wounds inflicted by Scarification there was some kinde of poyson derived unto the Body whether this poyson were imparted to the Body by the edg of the Penknife infected or else by the Cupping-Glass or by some poysonous Vapour of the Bath or from the Water or by whatsoever other means it were For it is a thing generally wel known that Arrows are by many Nations infected with Poyson which might likewise as well be done in the Penknife wherewith the Scarification was made whether this came to pass by the Malice and wickedness of the keeper of the Bath or else by his carelesness and want of Circumspection whiles that with the very same Knife with which he Scarified some impure person he likewise Scarified others who were therby infected seeing that it is a truth very well known that the opening of a Vein hath oftentimes fallen out very much amiss that hath been performed by the same Penknife wherwith another mans Ulcer hath been opened This poyson might likewise be communicated unto the Scarifying Knife from the Hone or Whetstone upon which these Instruments are wont to be rubbed hard thereby to have an edg set upon them if from the Vapor of the Bath any filth and Malignity should chance to stick unto them There might likewise some contagion cleave fast unto the Cupping-Glasses that are not alwaies wiped and made clean with that care and diligence as they ought to be And Lastly it is not altogether impossible that the Vapour of the Bath might insinuate it self into the Skin newly Scarified or else into the water with the which the Scarified places are washed which said Vapor is not evermore pure but is somtimes defiled and infected by the sweatings and filth that come from divers persons And that which also maketh much hereunto may be this that from those very Stones upon which the water is poured forth for the heating of the Stove or hot House there is lifted up great store of Vapors which are not alwaies pâ—re but oftentimes very ill disposed by reason of the filth and pollutions of the Bath and the perpetual moystness of the place Another History of the like affect And in this opinion I am confirmed by a History of the like Scarification that not many yeers since happened in Franconia the History we have extant in the 2. B. of the Medicinal Epist Sect. 6. of that Eminent and Famous Physitian Dr. Gregorius Horstius by which it appeareth that persons infected were al overspread with pustules or pushes and as it were Cancerous Ulcers not only in the Scarified places but almost all the Body over they suffered also very extream pains of the Limbs pains as if they would have even broken the bones whereby the Diseased persons were so greatly weakened that they were not able to raise them out of their Bed without the help of others and by leaning upon them But to conclude this Malady altogether proceeded from the Malice and evil practise of the wicked Bath-keeper who as there we may finde it extant in his own confession three or four times a week was wont to rub the Herb Aconitum upon the whetting block of Wood being covered over with Leather or a Skin with which he was accustomed to sharpen the edges of his Penknifes as also the pouder of the Metalick Cadmia such as is digged out of the Earth or the pouder of the stone Cobaltum and Rats-bane he confessed likewise that he rubbed upon his scarifying Knives the pouder of Locusts and that he also dried Toads and afterwards macerated the pouder of them in Water which said water together with the pouder he poured out upon those Stones upon which in the time of bathing the Water was wont to be poured forth for the heating of the Stove or hot House into which they entered when they went out of the Bath Signs Diagnostick Poysoned Wounds if they be inflicted by poysonous Creatures this will appear by the relation of the sick person and even by this it wil be known that those Wounds proceeded from such kind of Creatures because that they are envenomed But if the Patient be wounded with a Dart or any other kinde of Weapon or a Leaden bullet this is known by the extream great sense of pain and pricking that is felt in the wounded place and by this also that the Natural colour of the wounded part is quite altered and changed degenerating into a Wanness and Leaden colour or blackness and that instantly upon it grievous Symptoms for which no Reason can possibly be given do follow upon the Wound and that in the whole Body there is perceived and felt somtimes an extraordinary heat and burning and somtimes a kinde of stupidity and great streightning of the Heart and somtimes the trembling of the Heart together with dangerous fainting and swooning Fits For so soon as ever the poyson is received in by the Veins and Arteries it immediatly diffuseth it self throughout the whole Body and oppugneth the most principal members and especially the Heart as it is the Nature of all poysons so to do from whence divers Symptoms are excited And these indeed are the more general Signs of a Poysoned Wound unto which afterwards according to the Nature of each Poyson very many other Symptoms do adjoyn themselves Prognosticks 1. Every Wound that is inflicted by any poysoned kinde of Weapon or by the
the Liver Ibid. P. 7. Sect. 1. Chapt. 11. Of the Wounds of the Reins Ibid. P. 8. Sect. 1. Chapt. 5. Of the Wounds of the Bladder Ibid. P. 9. Sect. 1. Chapt. 5. Of the Wounds of the Testicles Ibid. Chap. 11. Of the Wounds of the Yard Ibid. P. 10. Chap. 15. Of the Wounds of the Abdomen Book 4. P. 1. Sect. 2. Chapt. 1. We treated of the Wounds of the Womb. Chap. 23. Of the Diseases and Symptoms that happen unto Wounds And now since that it often happeneth that other Diseases as likewise divers symptoms do happen unto Wounds and follow upon them al which yield forth peculiar Indications and so draw the cure to themselves deject and weaken the strength of the Patient and render the Wounds very difficult to be cured and dangerous we ought therefore to treat of those also and to shew you how and by what means they are to be removed and taken way until which be done no Cure of the wound is to be expected Of Feavers And indeed in the first place it happeneth very often that Fevers follow upon Wounds And therefore although I have already treated of Feavers in a peculiar Tract by its self yet nevertheless in regard that it much concerneth us to know and rightly to understand the differences of Feavers that follow upon Wounds that so we may the better remove them we wil therefore herein this place speak somthing of them inspeciall and particularly And therefore first of al we are diligently to inquire what the nature of this Feaver is that followeth upon the Wound and what the Cause of it For these kind of Feavers are very various some of them being every day Feavers having their Original from the great disturbance of the spirits and the boyling heat of the blood by reason of anger Fear and upon all occasions of the humors being disturbed by the motion of the body or the commotion of the Mind And moreover also Secondly these feavers happen while the Pus and especially if there be great store of it is in breeding according to that of the 47. Aphor. of the second Sect. Thirdly from an Inflammation Fourthly and somtimes these putrid Feavers are likewise generated from the putridness that is in the wounded part And fifthly from the store of the vitious humors The first kind of Feavers invadeth the Patient at the first in the very beginning The first kind of seaver from the disturbance of the humors and as I told you before it proceedeth from the passion of the mind and the motion of the body and the disturbance of the blood and spirits following thereupon And hitherto also belongeth most vehement pain which by dsturbing the humors and causing restlesness may both set on fire those humors and the spirits and likewise excite a Feaver Their Signs Now these Feavers are known by this that they invade the wounded person instantly upon the inflicting of the Wound and together with it But yet notwithstanding because that the putrid Feavers may likewise somtimes invade the person immediatly and even from the very first beginning therefore by what Signs these Ephemerae or every day Feavers may be discerned from the putrid we have told you before and the difference will sufficiently appear from what we have written hereof in our first Book of Feavers and sixth Chapter Prognosticks And the truth is these Feavers of themselves bring with them no danger at all unto the sick person and yet Nevertheless neither can they at all promise any safety unto him seeing that then the time of the fluxion and Inflammation that are wont to follow upon the Wound is not as yet overpassed and gone The Cure But now this Feaver requireth not any peculiar Cure but if the Patient will but only submit himself unto the strict Rules of Dyet soon vanisheth of its own accord But yet nevertheless all the Causes thereof if they be yet present or that there be any fear of their returning are to be removed for otherwise they may easily draw upon the person some kinde of danger And in regard that otherwise about the fourth day Inflammations and fluxions are wont to happen these Feavers if they continue so long as until the said fourth day may possibly attract and augment those Evils And then again while the Pus is in breeding A Feaver from the generating of Pus and especially if there be a great abundance thereof generated Feavers are caused as Hippocrates telleth us in the 2 Aphorism Sect. 27. For then whatsoever over aboundeth in the wounded part and cannot be changed into the substance of the part beginneth to putrefie and there is caused as it were a certain kinde of boyling forth of putrefied mattier And yet notwithstanding Nature doth what lieth in her power and what she is not able to turn into the substance of the part she doth what she can so to work and frame it that it may not be altogether corrupted but most of it turned into Pus And therefore from this Ebullition or boyling there is indeed a heat of the blood in the Veins and Arteries communicated unto the Heart which when it is thither come it kindleth a Feaver that is like unto an Ephemera of many daies rather then to putrid Feavers properly so called Signs And therefore the Signs of Putridness are absent and appear not and so likewise for the Signs of an Inflammation and these Feavers invade the wounded person at that time wherein the Pus is wont to be generated and especially about the fourth day The heat is much but withall sweet the pulse great swift and frequent The Urine differeth and recedeth but little from its Natural state and there is no ill and dangerous Symptom Joyned together with it to accompany it Prognostick This Feaver of it self hath no danger at all in it but soon after ceaseth Cure And this that it may so much the sooner be done there is a passage forth to be made for the Pus and this so much the more speedily if the Pus be conteined in a more noble part or in a part that hath consent with some one of the more principal and noble parts and withal we are to endeavour that al the afflux of the Humors may be hindered and prevented And Thirdly Feavers from an Inflammation Feavers are somtimes kindled from the Inflammation that followeth and happeneth unto the wounded part somtimes Quotidians or every day Feavers and somtimes putrid Feavers even according as the Spirits Wax hot and this heat is communicated unto the Heart and also according as the putrid Vapours transfused into the Veins and Arteries do penetate unto the Heart and heat it Signs Now these like Feavers are known from the Signs of an Inflammation touching which we have spoken in the first Part and 5. Chapter But whether the Feaver be a Quotidian or a right putrid Feaver this may be known by the Signs of them both of which we have likewise