flesh And next in order there is a more curious draught wherein the three chief parts the Brain the Heart and the Liver may be seen together with the first three and as it were the warp of all the seed parts and this is called Embrion But fourthly To perfect the whole work all the parts are set in order and perfected so that Nature hath nothing to do but to hasten to delivery that this work of hers may be brought forth into the world When the spirit in the seed begins to work it parts the more noble from the base and the pure from the impure so that the thick cold clammy parts are kept out to cover the more thin and pure parts and to defend and preserve them Nature begins her conformation with the cold clammy parts of the seed and makes skins and membranes of them to cover the rest and stretcheth them out as need requires Men have only two membranes the outward or Chorion which is strong and nervous and wraps the infant round and this membrane is like a soft pillow for the Veins and Navel-arteries of the Child to lean upon for it had been dangerous for the Childs Vessels coming from its Navel to pass far unguarded but the inward Coat which is wonderful soft and thin called the Amnios or Lamb-skin is loose on each side except it be at the cake where it growes so fast to the skin that it cannot easily be parted this skin receives the sweat and Urine and from thence the Child is much helped for it swims in these waters like as in a bath and time is for delivery it moistneth the orifice of the Matrix makes it glib and slippery whereby the woman is more easily and more speedily delivered These two Coats grow so close together that they seem to be but one garment and it is called the Secundine or after-burthen because it comes forth after the Child is born for the Child first breaks through it sometimes brings along with it a piece of the said Lamb-skin upon the face and head which is called by Midwives the Caule and strange reports they give of it Some think it ridiculous and fabulous but as all extraordinary things signifie something more than is usual so I am subject to believe that this Caule doth foreshew something notable which is like to befall them in the course of their lives But notwithstanding all that hath been said some Anatomists do a little vary from it for they maintain that within the first seven days wherein the generative seed is mingled and curdled in the Mothers womb by the heats motion many small fibres are bred in which shortly the Liver and his principal Organs are formed first and through these Organs the vital spirits coming to the seed in ten days makes all the distinction of parts and through some small Veins in the Secundine the blood runs and of that is the Navel made and there appears at the same time three clods of seed or white lumps like curdled Milk these are the foundation of three principal parts viz. the Brain the Liver and the Heart But the Liver is confest to be first made of a blood gathered by one branch of this Vein for the Liver it self is nothing else but a lump of clotted blood full of Veins which serve to attract and to expell but immediately before the Liver is made there is a two-forked Vein formed through the navel to suck away the grosser part of the blood that rests in the seed In the other branch of this vein more veins are made for the spleen and lower belly and all of them coming to one root meet in the upper part of the Liver in the hollow Vein from hence other Veins are sent out of the Midriff to the thighs below to the upper part of the back-bone next this the heart is made with its veins for these veins draw the hottest part of the blood that which is most subtil so make the heart within the membrane called the Pericardium or skin that covers the heart the hollow Vein runs through the inward part of the right side of the heart carrying blood to it to feed it from the same branch of this vein and the same part of the heart is there another vein that beats but faintly therefore called the still Vein amongst the pulsative Veins and this is provided to send the more pure blood by from the heart to the Lungs they are covered with a double Coat as the Arteries are The Artery called Aorta that conveighs the vital spirits through the whole body from the heart by the beating Veins or arteries is bred in the hollow of the left Vein of the heart and under this artery in the same hollow place of the heart is another Vein bred which is called the vein-vein-artery that brings the cold air from the Lungs to cool the heart for the Lungs are made by many Veins that run from the hollow of the heart and come thither to frame the Lungs and they have their substance from a very thin subtil blood that is brought thither from the right hollow of the heart The breast is first framed by the great Veins of the Liver and after that the outmost parts the legs and arms But last of all the Brain is made in the third little skin I speak of for the seed being full of vital spirits the vital spirits draw much of the natural moisture into one hollow place where the brain is made and covered with a Coat which heat drieth and bakes into a skull The Veins come all from the Liver Arteries from the Heart Nerves from the brain of a soft gentle nature yet not hollow as Veins are but solid the Brain retains and changes the vital spirits from hence are the beginnings of sense and reason After the Nerves the pith of the back-bone is bred which cannot be called Marrow for Marrow is a superfluous substance made of blood to moisten and strengthen the bones but the pith of the back and brain are made of seed not to serve other parts but to be also parts of themselves for sense and motion that all the Nerves might grow originally from thence also Bones Gristles Coats and Membranes are bred from the seed Veins for the Liver Arteries for the Heart Nerves for the Brain besides all other pannicles and coverings the child is wrapped in But all fleshy substance as the Heart it self Liver and Lungs are made of the proper blood of the birth this is all ended in eighteen days of the first month and all that time it carrieth the name of seed and afterwards is called the birth and this birth so long as it is in the womb is fed with blood received through the Navel and therefore when women are with child the courses cease for after conception this blood is severed into three parts the best and finest serves for the childs nourishment the next in pureness though
Speculation is like to one that is blind or wants her sight she that wants the Practice is like one that is lame and wants her legs the lame may see but they cannot walk the blind may walk but they cannot see Such is the condition of those Midwives that are not well versed in both these Some perhaps may think that then it is not proper for women to be of this profession because they cannot attain so rarely to the knowledge of things as men may who are bred up in Universities Schools of learning or serve their Apprentiships for that end and purpose where Anatomy Lectures being frequently read the sitution of the parts both of men and women and other things of great consequence are often made plain to them But that Objection is easily answered by the former example of the Midwives amongst the Israelites for though we women cannot deny that men in some things may come to a greater perfection of knowledge than women ordinarily can by reason of the former helps that women want yet the holy Scriptures hath recorded Midwives to the perpetual honour of the female Sex There being not so much as one word concerning Men-mid-wives mentioned there that we can find it being the natural propriety of women to be much seeing into that Art and though nature be not alone sufficient to the perfection of it yet farther knowledge may be gain'd by a long and diligent practice and be communicated to others of our own sex I cannot deny the honour due to able Physicians and Chyrurgions when occasion is Yet we find even that amongst the Indians and all barbarous people where there is no Men of Learning the women are sufficient to perform this duty and even in our own Nation that we need go no farther the poor Country people where there are none but women to assist unless it be those that are exceeding poor and in a starving condition and then they have more need of meat than Midwives the women are as fruitful and as safe and well delivered if not much more fruitful and better commonly in Childbed than the greatest Ladies of the Land It is not hard words that perform the work as if none understood the Art that cannot understand Greek Words are but the shell that we ofttimes break our Teeth with them to come at the kernel I mean our brains to know what is the meaning of them but to have the same in our mother tongue would save us a great deal of needless labour It is commendable for men to imploy their spare time in some things of deeper Speculation than is required of the female sex but the Art of Midwifry chiefly concern us which even the best Learned men will grant yielding something of their own to us when they are forced to borrow from us the very name they practise by and to call themselves Men-midwives But to avoid long preambles in a matter so clear and evident I shall proceed to set down such rules and method concerning this Art as I think needful and that as plainly and briefly as possibly I can and with as much modesty in words as the matter will bear and because it is commonly maintain'd that the Masculine gender is more worthy than the Feminine though perhaps when men have need of us they will yield the priority to us that I may not forsake the ordinary method I shall begin with men and treat last of my own sex so as to be understood by the meanest capacity desiring the Courteous Reader to use as much modesty in the perusal of it as I have endeavoured to do in the writing of it considering that such an Art as this cannot be set forth but that young men and maids will have much just cause to blush sometimes and be ashamed of their own follies as I wish they may if they shall chance to read it that they may not convert that into evil that is really intended for a general good CHAP. I. A brief description of the Generative parts in both sexes and first of the Vessels in Men appropriated to procreation THere are six parts in Men that are fitted for generation 1. The Vessels that prepare the matter to make the seed called the preparing Vessels 2. There is that part or Vessel which works this matter or transmutes the blood into the real desire for seed 3. The Stones that make the Seed fructifie 4. There are Vessels that conveigh the Seed back again from the Stones when they have concocted it 5. There are the seminal or Seed-Vessels that keep or retain the Seed concocted 6. The Yard that from these containing Vessels casts the seed prepared into the Matrix CHAP. II. Of the Seed-preparing Vessels 1. THe Vessels that prepare the matter to make the Seed are four two Veins and two Arteries which go down from the small guts to the Stones they have their names from their office which is to fit that matter for the work which the Stones turn into Seed that is made fruitful by them though it be a kind of Seed or blood changed into a white substance before it comes to the Stones It will be needful that you should know that the fountain of blood is the Liver and not the Heart as was anciently supposed and the Liver by the Veins disperse the blood through the Body The two Arteries that prepare the matter arise both from the great Artery or Trunk that is in the Hearts and is the beginning of all the Arteries for the Arteries rise from the Heart as the Vein do from the Liver but the two Veins for preparation of Seed are one on the right the other on the left side the right Vein proceeds from the great hollow Vein of the Liver a little below the beginning of the Emulgent Vein but the left Vein springs commonly from the root of the Emulgent Vein yet it hath been seen to have a branch that comes to it from the Trunk of the hollow Vein Of these two Veins and Arteries there is one Vein and one Arterie of each side these two Veins in the middle part pass streight through the Loins and they repose upon the Lumbal Muscle having only a thin skin that comes betwixt them and there they divide and scatter themselves into the skinny parts that are near adjoining All these Veins and Arteries so descending are called Seed-preparing Vessels and they are covered with a skin that comes from the Peritonaeum the Vein lies uppermost and the Artery under it The lower part of these two Veins goes beyond the Midriff to the Stones and descends with a little Nerve and that Muscle which holds up the Stones through the doubling of the Midriff but they pass not through the Peritonaeum and when it comes near the Stones an Artery joins with it and then are these Vessels with that skin that comes from the Peritonoeum twisted together as the young twigs of Vines are and so pass they to the end of
the Stones These two Arteries have their beginning from the great Artery a little below the Emulgent and so they go downwards till they join with the two Veins formerly mentioned the two Veins they prepare and carry the natural Blood to make Seed of the two Arteries they carry the vital Spirits or vital blood CHAP. III. Of the Vessels that make the change of red Blood into a white substance like Seed THese Vessels as you heard before are also four two Veins and two Arteries that at their first descending keep near one to the other carrying their different blood one from the Liver the other from the Heart as fit matter for the Stones to make Seed of but before they come at the Stones they twist one with the other sometimes the Veins going into the Arteries and sometimes again the Arteries going into the Veins thus they joyn their forces the better to prepare the matter for the use of the Stones and after that they part again which things are full of delight for a Man to behold that he may the more admire the excellency of the works of the great God that hath so wonderfully made Man The two Veins and two Arteries after they have joyned with many ingraftings and twistings together appear but two Bodies crumpled like the tendrels of a Vine white and pyramidal and rest one upon the right the other on the left Stone piercing the very tunicles of the Stones with very small veins and so disperse themselves all through the bodies of the Stones The substance of these vessels is betwixt that of the stones and that of the Veins and Arteries being neither wholly kernels nor wholly skinny their office is by their several twistings to mingle the vital and natural blood together which they contain and by vertue they borrow from the Stones to change the colour of red blood into a matter that is white prepared immediately for the Stones to make Seed of CHAP. IV. Of the Cods or rather the Stones contained therein THe Cods is as it were a purse for the Stones to be kept in with the seminary Vessels and this purse is divided in the middle with a thin membrane which some call the seam and may be seen on the outside of the Cods making a kind of wrinkle that runs all along the length of it and just in the middle This member suffers many kinds of diseases and distempers the property of it is to be dilated and extended by which means there arise sundry Ruptures the Watry Uly the windy the Humoral the Fleshy and the watry ruptures and all this happens by reason of too much repletion of the vessels of seed caused by much grosse or watry bloud Within this pursy and sobbing and chaking of the stones which are two whole kernels like to the kernels of womens paps their figure is Oval and therefore some call them Eggs. The substance of the Stones hath neither blood in it nor feeling yet they feel exqusitely by reason of the pannicles and each stone hath two Muscles sticking to their pannicles to lift them up that they hang not too loose They are temperately hot and moist but the bloud that flowes to them is very hot by which means they draw as a Limbeck the matter of seed from the whole Body Physicians place them amongst the Principal parts for the Generation and the preservation of mankind They are fastned to all the Principal parts by Veins Arteries and Pannicles they are subject to mulplicity of diseases and distempers They are wrapt up in three several Coats the outermost is the purse or Cod common to them both it differs from other skin that covers the Body because other skin is smooth this is wrinkled that it may observe the motions of the stones to extend or shrink with them when they ascend or descend they ascend in time of copulation but in all violent heats or Feavers or weakness or in old age the stones hang down which is alwayes a very strong sign of much damage in sickness The second Coat wraps up the stones as the first purse doth but the second wraps them nearer and is not so wide as the first and though the fleshy pannicle from which it springs be thinner here than any where else yet it is full of small arteries and veins that carry in vital natural bloud to keep the stones warm which are of themselves a very cold part The third Coat immediately wraps in the Stones and is white thick and strong to preserve the soft and loose substance of the Stones Some persons there are yet not many and those Monsters in nature that have but one stone and some three stones but one stone is oftener than three and unlesse it be some great failing in Nature I rather think that the other stone lyeth up close within the Body as sometimes both stones do and do not come down into the Cod till such an age or at certain times as is proved by experience where the stones lie within and come not down such persons are more prone to venery because the stones are kept warmer than when they appear yet the stones are tyed with strings that are long and slender which are Muscles that hang by on both sides to keep the stones from being overstretched or oppressing the passage of the the seminal Vessels if any ill chance befall the stones then these Muscles are exceeding sensible of pain and subject to swell by reason of it The left stone is the biggest and therefore some think more femals are begotten than males and the right is the hotter and breeds the stronger Seed and therefore it is generally maintained that Boyes are begotten from the right stone but Girles with the left Those that have hottest stones are most prone to Venery and their stones are longer and harder and they are more hairy about those parts especially The right stone is the hottest in all because it receives more pure and Vital blood from the hollow Vein and the great Artery than the left doth which receives onely a watry bloud from the Emulgent Vein But both of them have an innate quality to make Seed and without the Stones no procreation can be as we see that such as are gelded lose the faculty of Generation though they want nothing else but their stones The substance of the stones is very like to the Seed it self moist white and clammy There is yet another Vessel or conduit belonging to the stones which is called the Vessel of ejecting or casting forth of the Seed it comes from the head of the stones to the root of the yard overthwart the stones in a small body like a Silkworm by one end the carrying vessel elutes the stones and carries forth the seed from the other end the casters forth of the Seed passeth and descends to the bottom of the stones and bends back again and is knit to the preparing Vessels and returns to the head of the stones
stopt Hippocrates confirms this affirming that women are in danger to run mad when blood comes forth at their Nipples Brassavolus tells us of womens milk that came like blood but it was raw unconcocted blood and that might be for Nurses Courses are alwayes stopt because the blood runs to their breasts to make Milk By the colour of the nipples the state of the womb is perceived if the Paps look pale or yellow that should look red the womb is not well Also if you will stop the Terms that run too much set a great cupping glass under the Breasts for that will turn the course of the blood backward Farther you may know the Child if it be a Boy to be three moneths old and if a Girle to be about four moneths old if you find Milk in the Mothers breasts for at those times the Child first moves and then is there Milk found in the breasts of the Mother If the right breast swell and strut out the Boy is well if it flag it is a sign of miscarriage judge the same of the Girle by the left breast when it is sunk or round and hard the first signifies abortion to be near the other health and safety both of the Mother and the Child CHAP. VIII How the Child grows in the Womb and one part after the other successively made MEn are of several minds concerning the time when each part is made I think they are in the right who maintain that the membranes are first made which wrap the Child with the Navel-vessels by which the Child is fastned to the Mothers womb and draws nutriment from her and all parts are made sooner or later as dignity and necessity of the parts require but this is thought to be the hardest piece of Anatomy because it is seldome to be observed because if women dye in child-bed they first miscarry and dye afterward Some follow Galen herein who never saw a woman Anatomized others Columbus some Vesalius but few or none know the truth The stones of a woman for generation of seed are white thick and well concocted for I have seen one and but one and that is more by one than many Men have seen In the act of Copulation both eject their seed which is united in the womb and Boys or Girls are begotten as the seed is that prevails stronger or weaker so the greater light puts out the lesser the Sun the light of a Candle Nature desires to beget its like in all things a Man a Man-child a woman one of her own sex but we follow desire not nature when we with the contrary If the Horse or Mare trot it were strange that the Filly should amble The seed of both persons being joyn'd the Matrix presently shuts as close as may be to keep in and to fasten the seed by its native heat and so womens bellies seem lank at their first conception The first thing that works is the spirit of which the seed is full this is stir'd up to action by heat of the womb and though the seed seems to be homogeneous and all one substance yet it consists of very different parts some pure and some impure the spirit then in the seed divides between these parts and makes a separation of the earthy cold clammy grosser parts from the more aerial pure and noble parts The impure are cast to the outside to circle in and keep close the seed which is pure and of the outside are the Membranes made by which the seed inclosed is kept from danger of cold and other ill accidents just as it is in Trees so it is here the cold winter congeals the vital spirits of the Tree but the Suns heat revives it in the Spring and opens the pores of the Tree and separates the clean from the which is unclean making of the pure juyce flowers of the impure and gross juyce leaves and bark The first thing Nature makes for the child is the Amnios or inward skin that surrounds the Child in the womb as the Pia mater doth the brain next is the Chorion or outward skin made which compasseth the Child as the dura mater the brain this is soon done by nature for God and nature hate idleness and no sooner are these two coats made but presently the Navel-Vein is bred piercing both these skins whilest they are exceeding tender and conveighs a drop of blood from the mothers womb-veins to the seed of this one drop is formed the Childs Liver from the Liver is bred the hollow Vein and this Vein is the fountain of all other Veins of the body so this being done the seed hath blood sufficient to feed it and to form the rest of the parts by It is a vain fancy that some hold how that all the parts are formed together others that the heart is first framed it must receive a right construction what Aristotle saith that the Heart lives first and dyeth last for the Liver is made much before the Heart Nor is that if it be well understood to be found fault with that a Man lives successively first the life of a Plant then of a Beast and lastly of a Man For first the Child grows then it begins to move last of all it becomes a reasonable Soul Next to the hollow Vein of the Liver being made are the arteries of the navel made then the great Artery which is the Tree and all the small Arteries are but branches coming from it last of all the Heart is framed as Columbus proves upō very sufficient reason for all the arteries are made before it for the Body receives its life by Arteries and the Navel arteries are bred from the Mothers arteries and therefore are made next to the Veins to give vital blood to the Seed as the Liver feeds it with natural blood to build a frail house for poor mortals Next in order so far as reason and Anatomy can guide us the Liver sends blood to the Arteries to make the Heart for the arteries are made of seed but the heart and all fleshy parts are made of blood last of all the brain and then the Nerves to give feeling and motion are produced If the most noble parts were first framed as the Peripateticks suppose then the brain and heart should be first made which is not agreeing to reason and observation As for the forming of the bones in order I think Aristotle said true that the whirl bones and the skull are first made I confess all these things have been questioned by some but I love not impertinent disputes as it was the quality of the Grecians who have made a large dispute whether the Elephants Tusks be Horns or Teeth Hippocrates divides the forming of the infant into four divisions First the seed of both sexes mixed have not lost their own form but resemble curdled milk covered with a film or cream the next form is a rude draught of the parts or a chaos like a lump of
from the Liver to the veins about the womb but those veins and vessels being very narrow and not yet open if the blood be stopt in that it cannot break forth it will corrupt and runs back again by the passages of the hollow vein and great Artery to the Liver the heart and the Midriff and stops the whole body which may be easily known for their faces will look green and pale and wan they have trembling of the heart pains of the head short breathing the arteries in the back the neck and the Temples will beat very thick and though not alwayes yet sometimes they will fall into a Feaver by reason of these corrupt humours but it is alwayes almost attended with disgust and loathing of good nutriment and longing after hurtful things The whole Body especially the Belly legs and thighs swelling with abundance of naughty humours the Hypocondriacal parts are extended by reason of the menstrual blood runing back to the greater vessels and they are much given to vomit but all these signs are not found in all persons alike but they are common to most and in some you shall find all these meet The cause is the Terms stopt and from thence ill humours abound for when the natural channel is stopt the blood must needs return to the great vessels whence it came and choak them up and so spoil the making of blood nothing but raw and corrupt humors are bred which can never turn to good nutriment or be ever perfectly joyned to the parts of the body the blood is flegmatick slimy stuff and sometimes it is bred from corrupt meats and drink that maids will long after as well as Childing women they will be alwayes eating Oatmeal scrapings of the wall earth or ashes or chalk and will drink Vinegar they are strangly affected with an inordinate desire to eat what is not fit for food whereupon their natural heat is choaked and their blood turns to water their body grows loose and spongy and they grow lazy and idle and will hardly stir their pulse beats little and faint as the vapours fly to several parts so they are ill affected by them the heart faints the head is dried and pained and the animal actions are hurt when melancholy is mixed with the humours in too great proportion Sometimes this white Feaver turns to a Dropsie or the liver grows hard like a stone that it can make no blood some fall dead suddenly when the heart is choaked by ill vapours and humours flying to it if the stomach be affected the danger is the greater but if onely the womb be out of frame the remedy is much more easy The best time of the year to cure Maids and those that are sick of the green sickness is the spring and the way of cure is to heat the cold humours and make the thick gross blood thin and this cannot be all performed by one work to draw away and to correct the whole mass of humours at once wherefore you must purge gently and often mingling things that heat and attenuate as well as purgatives to carry the ill humours forth But first it will be good to give a Glister and next to open a Vein in the foot or ancle Moreover your physick must vary according to the parts of the body that are most stopt and where the humors float If they lye above the stomach and mesentery then vomit if you find the Person fitted for vomit likewise the Spleen or liver or womb must be respected in their several kinds with Physick accordingly and to save you the labour of much reading and me of writing too often of the same thing under several heads you may find what is to be done almost in all respects where I write of the stopping of the Terms and by this rule I wish the Reader to apply the rest when he stands in need which he can never well do as I said till he have some judgement in it and then it will become familiar to him But in this Disease principally for the cure respect the Liver the Spleen and the Mesentery or Midriff for these are certainly obstructed and must be opened and above all be sure to keep a sparing diet and of a thin substance Secondly Let blood in the arm first though the courses be stopt and after that in the foot If the disease be of long standing you shall do well to give a gentle Purge First of all to purge the humours as Take powdered Rhubarb two drams Chicory and Anniseed-water three ounces apiece Infuse the Rhubarb all night then let them boyl one walm onely and then strain it forth and in the strained liquor dissolve sirrup of Damask Roses one ounce and a half Diacassia half an ounce Cinnamon-water half an ounce five grains of Diagridium let her drink it in the morning Next after this use opening decoction of Succory and Madder and Liquorish roots of each half an handful Anniseeds and Fennel seeds two drams a piece a handful of Harts-tongue Leaves Borrage Flowers and pale Roses of each half a handful one ounce of the roots of Sassafras stoned Rasins one ounce and a half and half a dram of Cinnamon Boyl all these in Fountain water to a third part onely wasted and then sweeten it with sirrup of Lemmons she may drink it when she pleaseth An Electuary made of the rob or pulp of Elder-berries boyl'd to a just substance four ounces with one ounce of bay berries dried and powdered two Nutmegs and one dram of burnt-hartshorn half a scruple of Amber and four scruples of species Diarrhoda mingled all with sirrup of Succory one ounce and half is excellent And finally it will not be from the purpose but very useful to anoint the womb and Liver with such Oyntments as will open their obstructions made with Oyl of Spike and bitter Almonds of each two ounces and juyces of Rue and Mugwort half as much and Vinegar a fourth part waste the watery part of these by boiling then add Spikenard Camels Hay Roots of Asarum of each one dram Cypress half a dram Wax sufficient to make an Unguent To provoke the Termes And that is effected with one ounce of the Five opening Roots and with Madder Elecampane Orris Roots Eryngo dried Citron Pills and Sarfa of each half an ounce Germander Mugwort Agrimony of each a handful two small handfuls of Savin an ounce of wilde Saffron seeds two ounces of Senna Agarick and Mechoachan of each half an ounce two Pugils of Stoechas Flowers of Galingal Anniseeds and Fennel of each two drams Boil all this to a Pint and half sweeten it for your Pallat and add to it a spoonful of Cinnamon water Quercetans Pills of Tartar and Gum Amoniacum are commended Take of each half a dram Spike a scruple three drops of Cinnamon Extract of wormwood half a scruple take a scruple or twenty grain weight in pills an hour before Meat Conserve of Marigold Flowers is very good Some after good
burns and hot swellings and head-ach that comes of heat by a likeness and affinity it hath to draw hot vapours to it so Linseed oil is good against burnings Scaliger affirms that Camphire increaseth Venery it may do so if it be used seldome but often used it is certain that it will destroy it There is moreover from ill tempered seed and melancholly blood in the vessels near the Heart which contaminates the Vital and Animal Spirits a melancholy distemper that especially Maids and Widows are often troubled with and they grow exceeding pensive and sad for melancholy black blood abounding in the Vessels of the Matrix runs sometimes back by the great arteries to the heart and infects all the spirits when this blood lieth still they are well but if it be stirred or urged then presently they fall into this distemper they know not why and the arteries of the spleen and back beat strongly and melancholly vapours fly up They are sorely troubled and weary of all things they can take no rest their pain lieth most on their left side and sometimes on the left breast in time they will grow mad and their former great silence turns to prating exceedingly crying out that they see fearful spirits and dead men when it is gone so far it is hard to cure it is vain then to try to make them merry they despair and wish to die and when they find an opportunity they will kill or drown or hang themselves At first when the blood is hot and fiery open a vein in the arm if they have their courses if not in the foot or ancle to bring the courses down Cooling moistening cordials and such things as revive the spirits and conquer melancholy wil do much driers are naught for melancholly is dry Confectio Alkermes is commended for those that can away with it but Confectio de Hyacintho is better use a moistening diet To breed mirth give her waters of Balm and Borage of each three ounces sirrup of the juices of Borage and Bugloss of each one ounce and a half take this at twice and use it often To purge melancholly take six drams of Senna Agarick one dram and a half Borage and violet flowers of each a small handful two drams of Citron peels infuse all six hours in good Rhenish wine strain them and put to them sirrup of Violets one ounce CHAP. II. Of the Falling Sickness WHen Women by reason of the ill affections of the womb fall into Epilepsies and Falling sickness it is worse than any other cause as the symptomes prove for the poisonous vapor is not only in the Nerves as when it is from the brain but also in the membranes veins and arteries The same foul vapour that causeth strangling of the womb produceth this for it causeth divers diseases according to the parts it takes hold on but when it lights forcibly on the Nerves then it causeth the Falling-sickness Sometimes there is a convulsion of the whole body and sometimes but of some parts as of the head or tongue hands or legs eyes or ears some cannot hear others cannot see all lose the sense of feeling some cry out but know not wherefore They that fall if the vapour be not too strong when they rise they go to their work again as if they had no harm but here is not only convulsions as in those that have the Falling-sickness from other parts but stopping the breath as in the strangling of the womb but these seldome some at the mouth as those do for the brain is entire or not much offended nor is their hearing taken away quite by the vapour fastening upon the roots of the Nerves of the ears Rue and Castor that cure fits of the Mother are good here the cure is almost the same only you must add some things that respect the nerves and the Brain Use these Pills twice in a week before supper one hour and take a scruple or half a dram Take Senna and Peony root of each half an ounce Mugwort Rue Betony Yarrow half a handful of each boil them then clarifie the decoction put to it Aloes one ounce and a half of juice of the herb Mercury one ounce let it stand and settle pour off the clear liquor then add two drams of Rhubarb sprinkled with water of Cinnamon Agarick half an ounce Mastick and Epileptick powder of each half a dram make the pills with sirrup of Mugwort To mend the distemper of the head and Womb take conserve of Rosemary flowers and of the Tile tree of Balm and Lillies of the valley of the root Scorzonera Candied of each one ounce Diamoschu dulce one dram with two drams of the roots of Peony and seeds of Agnus Castus and sirrup of Stoechas make an Electuary to take at your pleasure Nor are these all the ill consequences of the wombs distempers but sometimes violent head-ach springs from it which is the greatest pain of all the rest and sometimes it is all over the head or but upon one side or in the eyes the ill vapours rising by the veins and arteries of the Womb to the membranes and films of the brain when the vessels are full of a thin sharp blood that is carried from the womb to the membranes it stretcheth and rends them and corrodes and bites so that the pain is intollerable the cure is to purge away the peccant humour that lieth in the Womb for this is not as other head-ach is that comes from other causes the pain runs also to the Loins and the Membranes there by some capillary veins from the womb The pain of the head by affection with the womb is in all the head commonly but is chiefly iâ— the hinder part of the head because the womb being Nervous consents with the membranes of the brain by the membrane of the Marrow of the back hence it is that women are more subject to the head-ach than men are because of the womb that holds such affinity with the Nerves of the head The violent beating of the heart and Arteries both in the Sides and Back is by consent from the womb when evil humors therein contained pass by the Arteries and Poysonous vapours arise to those parts Cordials are good as Cinnamon Water and Aqua Monefardi or Mathiolas his water the Disease seems small but it is not safe because the cause of it is very ill In this Disease the Artery that beats in the Back beats strongly because it is part of the great Artery but the Arteries that beat in the Hypochondrion beat not so strongly for they are smaller branches from the Spleen and Mesentery but the cause is the same The Arteries are inflamed by the ill vapours and humours sent from the womb and the heart is exceedingly heated by them but this hot humor sometimes beats by reason of the great Artery quite over the whole body but it lasts not long for there is little corruption of the humors Some say the blood
for the womb consents or dissents by sympathy and antipathy and sweet things applied to the privities profit in such cases and stinking things to the nose as burnt leather feathers or the like There is a great agreement between the womb and the brain as Hippocrates proves by a smoke to try barrenness by and there is the like between the womb and the Heart by Nerves and Arteries Sweet scents are pleasing to all womens wombs and ill savours offend but not in all women alike for where the Matrix is well disposed and not disaffected by reason of ill humours that it is charged with those Women are much delighted with sweet smels but it is not so with others who are unclean for they cannot away with sweet smels for no sooner do they begin to scent them but they fall into those fits for while the womb resents those sweet swels the ill humours that lye hid in the womb especially where the seed is corrupted fly up with the spirits and carry the bad humours with them to the Heart and to the brain and so cause these stiflings of the womb This is general for all sweet things that the Matrix is pleased with them rightly applied for apply any sweet thing to the Privities the womb is quiet and well refresht by them and so the humours are still or else they move downward but contrarily stinking things by Antipathy with the womb are thrust out by the spirits when we apply such stinks to the nose for the spirits fly downwards and often there is an abortion thereby The womb cannot smell scents no more than it can hear sounds or see objects for scents belong to the nose which is the Organ of smelling as colours to the eyes that are the instruments of seeing the ears of hearing but the womb partakes with these scents by reason of a thin vapour or spirit that comes from any strong smell for the womb is affected as our senses are very suddenly as it feels exactly which is in some kind a general sense and is common to every part of the body our spirits are refresht with sweet vapours not discerning them but as they are placed and strengthened by them But how doth the womb chuse sweet smels and refuse the contrary if she cannot discern I know not why it is so unless the reason be because of the impurity of those vapours that arise from stinking things for all such things are noynoysome and not well concocted and defile the spirts contained in the parts of Generation and so cause faintings and swoundings whereas sweet smels are pleasant and refresh the spirits But why then doth Ambergreece and Musk cause suffocations being so extreamely sweet scented and Assafetida and Castoreum two stinking cure it The Answer is that all women are not so affected but onely they whose wombs as I said are charged with ill humours and then quick spirits arising from sweet smels presently move the brain and the membranes of it and so the membranous womb is soon drawn into consent the bad vapours that lay still before being stirred and raised by the Arteries flee to the heart and the brain and by secret passages cause such fits but noysome smels being raw and ill tempered stop the pores of the brain and come not to the inward membranes to prevent them Also Nature being offended with destructive ill qualified scents raiseth up all her forces as against an open enemy to oppose them and so casts out of the womb with the ill vapours the ill humours also from which these vapours rise so comes a crisis in acute diseases if Nature be strong she casts them forth and when a man takes a purge Nature helps her self against the ill qualities of the Medicament which she can no way conquer but by casting it forth and so what humours were peccant are cast forth with it It was the judgment of Hippocrates that womens wombs are the cause of all their diseases for let the womb be offended all the faculties Animal Vital and natural all the parts the Brain Heart Liver Kidneys Bladder Entrails and bones especially the share-bone partake with it but no part is so much of consent with the womb as the Breasts are The agreement between the womb and the Brain comes from the Nerves and membranes of the marrow of the back some fee great pains in the hinder part of the head some are frantick others so silent they cannot speak Some have dimness of sight dulness of hearing noyse in their ears strange passions and Convulsions It agrees with the Heart by the Arteries of the Seed and lower belly and if these be stopt or choked by a venemous air the hearts natural heat is dissolved faintings and swoondings and intermission of pulse follow with stopping of their breath so that you cannot perceive them to breath unless you apply a clear looking-glass to their mouth and if they breath at all there will be left a dewy vapor upon the Glass if not they are dead for some of these women draw in no more air than what comes in by the pores of the skin into the Arteries and so goes to the Heart and such persons sometimes lye in such fits twenty four hours at least and many of them have lain so long that their Friends have thought them to be dead and have caused them to be unhappily buried when they were alive and would no doubt have revived when the fit had been over I speak this for a warning to others to beware what they do upon such occasions and to give at least two or three dayes time before they put them into the ground some have been taken alive out of their Coffins long after they were thought to be dead The womb and Liver agree by Veins running from the Liver to the womb which is the cause of Jaundies Dropsies and Green-sickness if the blood be naught that comes to it And that the Kidnies by the Seed-veins consents with the womb is manifest by the pains of the loins women suffer when they have their Courses for the left Seed-Vein comes from the left emulgent or kidney-vein on the same side So the womb the bladder and the right gut agree for if the womb be inflamed presently follows a desire to go to stool and to make water by reason of the nearness and communion these parts have one with the other by the membranes of the Peritoneum that tye the womb and these parts together and by common Vessels running betwixt for from the same branch of the vein of the under belly run small Fibres to these three parts but the consent of the womb with the breasts is most observable the humours passing ordinarily from one to the other whereby we may know the affections of the womb and how to cure them and of the state of the Child contained in it Lufitanus tells us that he saw two women that voided monethly blood by their Nipples when their Courses were
ligaments are so strong that tye it down and the falling of it down is onely by reason of moisture that relax the ligaments but that will not make it ascend and though it be enlarged in conception that is not presently but by degrees nor are the ligaments always much relaxed in Childbearing but what is that if it be not the womb that may sometimes be felt to move above the womans navel as round as a Ball that round ball is the womans stones together with that blind Vessel Fallopius found out like to the great end of a Trumpet and is therefore called Fallopius hiâ— Trumpet the stones they hang and the body of the Trumpet is like a pipe that is loose and moving and when they are full swoln with vapours and corrupt seed they stir to and fro and come up to the navel and Riolanus saith this Trumpet and the stones make this great round Ball. Whasoever fills them with corrupt seed and venemous windy vapours causeth this moving and from thence suffocation of the womb when these poysonous vapours are freely carried by the Nerves veins and arteries to all the principal parts the Brain the Heart the Liver and the rest it is not extream dangerous yet it may turn to the strangling of the womb if means be not used such as are good against suffocations of the womb when they seem to be strangled but of that afterwards Sometimes it falls as low as the middle of the thighs and sometimes near the knees when the ligaments are loose it falls by its own weight when the Terms are stopt and the Veins and arteries are full that go to the womb it is drawn on one side if there be a Mole on one side the Liver veins too full on the right side or the spleen on the left are the cause of it But how it comes to be loose is questioned Hâ—ppocrates saith great heat or cold of the feet or loyns violent causes external leaping or dancing may do it for these moisten and soke the ligaments if the woman take cold after she is delivered and the Terms flow Platerus ascribes it to the loosening of the fibrous neck the adjacent parts by the weight of the Matrix falling down but then the ligatures must be loose or broken but when a woman is so in a dropsie it is the salt water that causeth it and that drieth more than it moisteneth The signs to know it are that the womb is only fallen down if there be a little swelling within or without the privities like a skin stretched but if the swelling be like a Goose egg and a hole at the bottom there is then a great pain in the Os sacrum the bottom of the belly the loyns and secrets to which the womb is tied because the ligaments are relaxed or broken but the pain will abate soon and the woman can hardly go sometimes the vessels breaking blood comes forth the woman falls into Convulsions and a Feaver and cannot void her excrements by stool nor Urine at first it may be easily helpt but hardly afterwards yet it is not mortal though it be filthy and troublesome if it come with a Feaver or convulsion it is mortal in women with child if the ligaments be corroded the danger is the more The cure is thrust it up gently before the air change it or it swell and inflame first administer a gentle Glister to void the excrements then lay the woman on her back her head downwards her legs abroad and thighs lifted up and with your hand thrust it in gently remove the humours with a decoction of Mallows Marsh-mallows Cammomile flowers Bay berries Linseed and Fenugreek and annoint it with Oil of Lillies and Hens-greafe if it be inflamed stay a while before you put it up you may fright it in with a hot Iron presented near it as if you would burn it sprinkle on it the powder of Mastick Frankincense and the like when it is put up let her ly stretcht out with her legs and one leg upon the other for eight or ten dayes and a Pessary with a Sponge or Cork dipt in astringent wine with powder of Dragons-blood Bole or the ointment called the Caunlesses at the Apothecaries apply a large cupping glass to the Navel or breasts or both kidneys use astringent Plaisters to her back fomentations baths injections if evil humors cause it to fall out purge them first away because they sob the ligaments and then use drying drinks of Guaicum China Forta use Pessaries and ligaments as for the Rupture to keep it in its place of which see Francis Rauset you may use circles or balls in place of Pessaries made of Briony roots cut round or of Virgins wax with white Rosin and Turpentine when they are dried if it gangrene cut it off or bind it fast that it may fall of it self Rauset shews when you may ty it or cut it off without danger her diet must be drying and astringent and astringent red wine to drink If it encline to either side apply Cupping Glasses to the other side and the Midwife may annoint her finger with the oyl of sweet Almonds and by degrees draw it to its place CHAP. III. Of Feavers after Child-bearing THis disease frequently follows when she is not well purged of her burden or the purgations are corrupt that stay behind about the third or fourth day they will be Feaverish also by the turning of the blood from the womb to the breasts to make milk but this lasts not long nor is it any danger but you may mistake a putrid Feaver for a Feaver that comes from the milk for the humours may be inflamed from her labour in travel and corrupt though they appear not presently to be so the next day after she is delivered but from thence you must reckon the beginning of the Feaver it is probable then that this Feaver comes from some other cause especially if her purgings be stopt it may proceed from ill humours gathered in her body whilst she went with child and are only stirred by her labour if she be not well purged after travel the blood and ill humours retreat to the Liver by the great veins and cause a putrid Feaver but if they flow too much the Feaver may come long after A feaver from milk will come on the fourth day with pains in the shoulders and the back and the terms may flow well if she kept an ill diet when she was big with child the Feaver comes from ill humours if it come not from milk if it do it will end about eight or ten dayes after but if it come from stoppage of purgations if she have not a loosness it is very dangerous if black and ill savouring matter purge by the womb it is safe But if the Feaver come from ill humours and the body be Cacochymical it is worse for that shews the ill humours are many which nature cannot send forth by the after-purgings and
sex that is the weaker and most subject to infirmities in some respects above the other The Female sex then that it may be more nearly provided for wheresoever it is deficient must be considered under three several considerations that is as maids as wives as widows and their several distempers that befall them almost commonly respect either the womb or their breasts or both and many of these diseases and distempers are common to all the Female sex I mean they sometimes happen to them in any of the foresaid three estates of life but Virgins or Maids diseases that are more peculiar to them though not essential because many of them are incident to the rest the causes may be the same they are that wich is called the white Feaver or green Sickness fits of the Mother strangling of the Womb Rage of the Matrix extreme Melancholly Falling-sickness Head-ach beating of the arteries in the back and sides great palpitations of the heart Hypochondriacal diseases from the Spleen stoppings of the Liver and ill affections of the stomach by consent from the womb But that I may make as perfect an enumeration as may be of all diseases incident to our sex give you some of the best remedies that are prescribed by the most Authentick authors or what I my self have proved by long experience Know then that there are some diseases that happen about the secrets of women as when the mouth of the Matrix is too narrow or too great when there is a Yard in the womb like a mans Yard when the secrets are full of Pimples or very rugged when there are swellings or small excrescenses in the Womb or else Warts in the neck of it or the Piles or Chaps Ulcers or Fistulaes or Cancers or Gangreens and Sphacelus or Mortification all these and more that may be reduced to these heads are found in the entrance or mouth of the womb 2. As to the womb it self it is frequently offended with ill distempers being either too hot or too cold too dry or too moist and of these are many more compounded as too hot and too dry too moist and too cold these are all to be cured by their contraries cold by heat moist by driers Or the womb is sometimes ill shaped and strange things are found in it some women have two wombs and some again have none at all Again the vessels of the womb sometimes will open preternaturally and blood run forth in abundance sometimes the womb swells and grows bigger than it should be It may be troubled with a Dropsie with swelling of its veins from too much blood also it may be inflamed displaced broken and it may fall out of the body It may be rotten or else cancerated and sometimes womens stones and vessels for generation are diseased Further the womb may be troubled with an itch it may be weak or painful or suffer by sympathy and antipathy from sweet or stinking smells Moreover the terms sometimes flow too soon sometimes too late they are too many or too few or are quite stopt that they flow not at all Sometimes they fall by drops and again sometimes they overflow sometimes they cause pain sometimes they are of an evil colour and not according to nature sometimes they are voided not by the womb but some other way sometimes strange things are sent forth by the womb and sometimes they are troubled with flux of seed or the whites As for women with child they are subject to miscarry to hard labour to disorderly births of their children sometimes the child is dead in the womb sometimes alive but must be taken forth by cutting or the woman cannot be delivered sometimes she is troubled with false conceptions with ill formations of the child with superfetations another child begot before she is delivered of her first with monsters or Moles and many more such like infirmities And as for women in child-bed sometimes the Secundine or after-birth will not follow their purgations are too few or too many they are in great pains in their belly their privities are rended by hard delivery as far as their Fundament also they are inflamed many times and ulcerated and cannot go to stool but their fundament will fall forth They have swoonding and epileptick fits watching and dotings their whole body swels especially their belly legs and feet they are subject to hot sharp Feavers and acute diseases to vomiting and costiveness to fluxes to incontinence of Urine that they cannot hold their water As for their breasts that hold the greatest consent with the womb of all the parts of the body they are sometimes exceeding great or swelled with milk or increased in number more breasts than there should be by nature sometimes the breasts are inflamed and trouble with an Erisipelas or hard swellings or Scirrhus or full of kernels or tumors called the Kings evil or strange things may be bred in the breasts besides this some breasts are diseased with Ulcers and Fustulaes or Cankers and some have no nipples or are chopt or Ulcerated and sometimes women have breasts will breed no milk to suckle the child with To speak then particularly to all these diseases that belong to our sex might be thought to be over tedious however I shall so handle the matter that I may not troubled the Reader with impertinences that I shall apply my self to what is most needful for the knowledge and cure of them all but because many diseases may be refered to the chief in that kind and the remedies that will cure one may be sufficient to cure the rest the judicious Reader may according as he shall have occasion make a more special application For it is in vain for any one to make use of what is written if they have no Judgement in the things they use in such cases it will be best for them to ask counsel of others first till they may attain to some farther insight themselves and then no doubt but when they shall meet with sufficient remedies to cure the greatest distempers they will be able to make use of the same without farther direction in the cure of those diseases that are lesse not that I intend to omit any thing that is material in the whole but that I may not trouble the Reader with needless repetitions of the same things as too many authours doe which breeds tediousness and can give little or no satisfaction at all CHAP. VI. Of the Green-sickness some call it Leucophlegmatia or Cachexia an ill habit or white Feaver THough both wives and widows are sometimes troubled with this disease yet it is more common to maids of ripe years when they are in love and desirous to keep company with a man It comes from obstruction of the vessels of the womb when the humours corrupt the whole mass of blood and over cool it running back into the great veins For so soon as Maids are ripe their courses begin to flow Nature sending the menstrual blood
some but in others by accident from cold Air cold Diet and Medicaments or from too much idleness the signs are quite contrary to the former for the other are extreme desirous of Venery and these abhor it and take no pleasure in it they have few or no hairs about their Secrets and their seed is watry and Slimy their wombs are windy and they are subject to Gonorrhaeas and the Whites The Cure is long and hard to be done but they must use such things as warm the womb with drinking good wine and sometimes Cordial Waters and good warm nourishing Meats and of easie digestion with Anniseed Fennel seed and Time And Fumigations are good of Myrrh Frankincence Mastick Bay berries of each a dram Labdanum two drams Storax and Cloves of each a dram Gum Arabick and wine make Troches put one or two upon a Pan of coles and let her receive the Fume at the Matrix Then take Labdanum two ounces Frankincence Mastick Liquid Storax of each half an ounce oyl of Cloves and of Nutmegs of each half a scruple oyl of Lillies and Rue of each one ounce Wax sufficient make a Plaister and lay it over the Region of the womb But if the womb be moist and this is commonly joyned with a cold distemper it drowns the seed like as if a Man should sow Corn in a quagmire The causes are almost the same as of cold for it is Idleness that is the cause in most women that are troubled with it and such women have abundance of Courses but they are thin and waterish and the whites also their Secrets are alwayes wet they cannot retain the mans seed but it slips out again This must be cured as the cold distemper by a heating and drying Diet and Medicaments Baths Injections Fomentations wherein Brimstone is mingled but take heed of Astringents for they will make the Disease worse by stopping the ill humours in The fourth is a dry Distemper of the womb this is natural to some but to most it comes when they are old and past childing when the womb grows hard if it be from any other drying causes such women will be barren before they be old It may proceed from diseases as Feavers Inflammations Obstructions when the blood goes not to the Matrix to moisten it so that if they void any blood it comes from the Veins in the neck of the womb and not from the bottom they have but few courses little seed they are of a lean dry Constitution their lower Lip is of a blackish red and commonly chapt This Distemper if it be long is seldom cured moistning things must do it as Borage Bugloss Almonds Dates Figs Raisins Moistning and nourishing Diet is good and to forbear salt and dry meats avoid anger sadness fasting and use to sleep long and labour but little rub the parts with oyl of sweet Almonds Lillies Linseed sweet Butter Jesamine Hens or Ducks Grease Besides these four there are compound distempers as cold and moist wombs and hot and dry but I presume I need not in particular speak of them because I have given sufficient remedies in the several qualitis already which will be easie to apply I confess a compound distemper is harder to be cured than a simple therefore I shall add one or two remedies more First If then the Womb be cold and moist cure this with surrup of Mugwort Bettony Mints or Hyssop then purge the cold humor with Agarick Mechoachan Turbith and Sena Sudorificks of Guaicum Sarfa and China are very good Secondly If the womb be subject to a hot and dry distemper you must put away choler from the Liver and from the whole body those things that will do it are Manna and Tamarinds sirrup of Roses Rhubarb Senna Cassia and the like which are very safe gentle and effectual Remedies BOOK VI. CHAP. I. Of the Strangling of the womb and the effects of it with the Causes and Cure THe womb by its consent with other parts of the Body as well as by its own nature is subject to multitudes of diseases and it is not to be uttered almost what Miseries women in general by meanes thereof be they Maids Wives or widowes are affected with But amongst all diseases those that are called Hysterical Passions or strangling of the womb are held to be the most grievous Swounding and Falling Sickness are from hence by the consent the womb hath with the heart and brain and sometimes this comes to pass by stopping of the Terms which load the heart the brain and Womb with evil humors and sometimes it ariseth from the stopping in of the seed of Generation as is seen in Antient Maids and widowes for by reason hereof ill vapors and wind rise up from the womb to the Midriff and so stops their breath it is most commonly the widowes disease who were wont to use Copulation and are now constrained to live without it when the seed is thus retained it corrupts and sends up filthy vapours to the brain whereby the Animal Spirits are clouded and many ill consequents proceed from it as Falling Sicknesses Megrims Dulness Giddiness Drowsiness Shortness of breath Head-ache beating of the Heart Frenzy and Madness and indeed what not The same woman may be tormented with several of these at the same time when the seed and the Courses are mingled with ill humours being once corrupted The Menstrual blood and seed are noble parts but the best things once corrupted become the worst and degenerate into a venemous nature and are little better than Poyson When the Vessils of the womb lye near the Vessels of other parts of the body or there is near affinity of one part with the womb then by consent are many grievous Diseases produced The womb is of a membranous nature and for that reason it consents exceedingly with the nerves and membranes and so the parts that are near are soon offended by it and it conveys its ill qualities to the whole body by Nerves Veins and Arteries the Brain hath it by the membranes of the marrow of the Back and by Nerves the arteries they carry it to the Heart and the veins to the Liver and these are large in the womb and by them all the noxious blood and poisonous vapours return The Veins of the Mesentery give it a consent with the stomach and so do the arteries carry all to the Spleen which is the cause that some women in age grow hypochondriacal by heat of their blood because their courses did not flow sufficient when they were young It will be hard to distinguish these two diseases in women or to cure the one and not cure the other The Breasts they consent with the womb by Nerves and Veins that go from it to them so then it is clear that it holds a correspondence with the heart the Midriff the Brain and Head and all the instruments of motion and sense likewise with the Stomach Liver Spleen Bladder Belly Mesentery Hips Back straight Gut