Selected quad for the lemma: heart_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
heart_n	artery_n	blood_n	lung_n	3,010	5	11.3115	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A48701	A journey to Paris in the year 1698 by Dr. Martin Lister.	Lister, Martin, 1638?-1712.	1699 (1699)	Wing L2525; ESTC R14927	102,964	264

my Lord Ambassador's Retinue to see Mr. Bennis who was in the Dissecting Room working by himself upon a Dead Body with his Breast and Belly gutted There were very odd things to be seen in the Room My Companion it being morning and his Senses very quick and vigorous was strangely surprised and offended and retired down the Stairs much faster than he came up And indeed a private Anatomy Room is to one not accustomed to this kind of Manufacture very irksome if not frightful Here a Basket of Dissecting Instruments as Knives Saws c. And there a Form with a Thigh and Leg flayed and the Muscles parted asunder On another Form an Arm served after the same manner Here a Trey full of Bits of Flesh for the more minute Discovery of the Veins and Nerves and every where such discouraging Objects So as if Reason and the good of Mankind did not put Men upon this Study it could not be endured for Instinct and Nature most certainly abhors the Employment Monsieur Merrie I saw Monsieur Merrie a most painful and accurate Anatomist and free and communicative Person at his House Rue de la Princesse His Cabinet consisted of two Chambers In the outward were great variety of Skeletons also entire Preparations of the Nerves in two of which he shewed me the mistake of Willis and from thence gathered that he was not much used to Dissect with his own Hand The Pia Mater coating the Spinal Nerves but half way down the Back where it ends The Dura Mater coating the lowermost 20 pair which Willis as he said has otherwise reported But that which much delighted my Curiosity was the Demonstration of a blown and dried Heart of a Foetus also the Heart of a Tortoise In the Heart of a Foetus he shewed it quite open and he would have it that there was no Valve to the Foramen Ovale which seem'd equally open from the Left Ventricle to the Right as the contrary that it's Diameter well near equalled that of the Aorta That the two Arteries which ascend up into the two Lobes of the Lungs and are the Ramifications of the Pulmonick Artery after it has parted with the Canal of Communication which goes betwixt the Pulmonick Artery and the lower or descending Branch of the Aorta both put together far exceed if not double the Diameter of the Aorta it self He therefore not without good Reason assirms That of all the Blood which the Vena Cava pours into the Right Ventricle of the Heart and is thence in a Foetus forced up into the Pulmonick Artery a great part is carried by the Canal of Communication into the descending Trunk of the Aorta and is so circulated about the Body the Lungs as to that part being wholly slighted Also that of the two remaining thirds of the Blood which is carried about the Lungs when it comes down the Pulmonick Vein that which cannot be received by the Aorta and all cannot because the Aorta is much less than the two Branches of the Pulmonick Artery put together is therefore discharged back through the Foramen Ovale into the Right Ventricle of the Heart and so thrown up again with the rest of the Blood coming from the Vena Cava So that one part of the two remaining parts of the Blood is daily carried about the Body as in an Adult Foetus and a third part only Circulates in the Lungs passing by the Body or Grand Circulation That all this is done to abbreviate and reduce the Circulation to a lesser compass is certain and so for the same Reason and End that other lesser Circulation of the Liver is slighted by the Blood which returns from the Placenta by a Canal of Communication betwixt the Porta and the Vena Cava The Reason he gives of this I cannot at all allow of as being very ill grounded and therefore I shall not trouble my self to Confute or so much as Name it As for the Heart of the Land Tortoise it was preserved in Spirit of Wine and all the three Ventricles thereof slit and opened so that I had not all the Satisfaction I could have wisht but the Left Ventricle in this Animal had no Artery belonging to it but did receive only the Blood which descended from the Lungs and convey it by the Foramen Ovale into the Right Ventricle That the third or middle Ventricle was only an Appendix to the Right and had the Pulmonick Artery issuing from it So that the Blood in a Tortois was in a manner Circulated like that in a Foetus through the Body the Lungs as it were or in good part slighted This Thought of Monsieur Merrie's has made a great Breach betwixt Monsieur Verney and himself for which Reason I had not that freedom of Conversation as I could have wisht with both of them but 't is to be hoped there may come good from an honest Emulation Two English Gentlemen came to Visit me Mr. Bennis and Mr. Probie They were lodged near the Royal Garden where Monsieur Verney dwells and makes his Anatomies who in Three Months time shewed all the Parts of the Body to them He had for this purpose at least Twenty Human Bodies from the Gallows the Chatelet where those are expos'd who are found Murthered in the Streets which is a very common business at Paris and from the Hospitals They told me Monsieur Verney pretended to shew them a Valve which did hinder Blood from falling back into the Right Ventricle by the Foramen Ovale This Valve they said he compared to the Papillae in the Kidneys Musculous and Fleshy That if Wind was blown into the Vena Pulmonalis it did not pass through the Foramen Ovale but stop there by reason of the Valve That he did believe contrary to Mr. Merrie that no Blood did circulate through the Lungs in an Embrio Again in another Conversation with Monsieur Merrie he shewed me the blown Hearts of an Embrio and that of a Girl of 7 years old I saw clearly that the Skin of the supposed Valve of the Foramen Ovale was as it were suspended with two Ligaments And that in the Girl 's the two sides of the Foramen Ovale were drawn one over the other and so closed the hole but were easily to be separated again by a Bristle thrust betwixt them Also it seemed to me that this Membrane in an Embrio might cover the Foramen Ovale like the Membrana Nictans in a Brids Eye that is be drawn over it and so hinder the Ingress of the Blood from the Vena Cava as oft as the Right Auricle beats But the Dilating it self might give way to the descending Blood of the Vena Pulmonalis and possibly the Embrio living as it were the Life of an Insect can by this Artifice Command the Heart I remember in Discourse that day with him he told me That Monsieur Verney had an old Cat and a young Kitling just Born put into the Air-Pump before the Academie

Royalle des Sciences That the Cat died after 16 Pumps but the Kitling survived 500 Pumps which favours in some measure the Command young Animals have of their Hearts At another Visit Monsieur Merrie obligingly procured for me the Heart of a Human Embrio with the Lungs intire He tried before me the Experiment upon Blowing and also Syringing Water into the Aorta both which filled the Auricles and Ventricles and freely came out at the Vena Cava only Then he opened the Right Auricle and Ventricle where the Foramen Ovale was open only at one corner not the tenth part of its breadth and a Membrane drawn over the rest which Membrane was fastned to the sides quite round Then he opened in the same manner the Left Ventricle and Auricle and there it was evident that that Membrane which closed the hole had two narrow Straps or Muscles by which it was fastned to the opposite sides after the manner of some of the Valves of the Heart I told him that it must follow from this that the Foramen Ovale was shut and opened more or less at the pleasure of the Embrio according to the Necessities of Nature and the quantity of Blood that was to pass That it was probable that all Insects had a Command of their Hearts of which I had given large Instances elsewhere by some such passage which they could shut altogether or in great part as they had a Mind in Winter in Fear or Fasting for want of Food That the shutting up of the passage in Adult Animals was therefore done in an instant by drawing the Curtain fully which could never be again drawn back and opened because of the great torrent of Blood which now entred the Right Auricle stopt it in that posture which in time would altogether stiffen and lose its Motion of Relaxation As a Hen when she Sleeps draws over the Membrana Nictans and likewise when she Dies the same Membrane covers all the Eye Mr. Bennis procured me the Heart of a Humane Foetus which had but just breath'd the which I examined with Monsieur Litre of Castres in Languedoc another very Understanding and Dextrous Anatomist and who Teaches Scholars of all Nations the Practice of Anatomy The Experiments here were repeated as formerly described Both Wind and Water passed the Foramen Ovale both from the Vena Pulmonum and from the Aorta That which I observed in this Heart more particularly was That the Membrane or Valve on the Left side of the Foramen Ovale was flat and extended almost over the hole without any Limbus round its edges because it was nothing but the very substance of the Auricula Sinistra continued or a Process thereof But on the right side the Vena Cava being joined to the Auricle it had a rising edge round that part of it whence it proceeded that is that the two Faces had contrery openings and being drawn as it were one over the other they shut the hole but not so firmly but the hole might be more or less open all a Man's Life For those two Oval Processes sticking close together in a blown and dried Heart that is not to be much heeded for I have seen them dry with the hole open but it has been like as betwixt unglued Paper or as the Urethers descend betwixt the Skins of the Bladder or as the same happens to the Ductus Bilaris in its insertion into the Guts The same Person brought me the Heart of a Man 40 years old in which the Foramen Ovale was as much open as in a Foetus new born and the Ligaments very conspicuous which tack the sides of the Valve to the Auricle and go over to the other side of the Border F. Plumier I was not better pleased with any Visit I made than with that of F. Plumier whom I found in his Cell in the Convent of the Minimes He came home in the Sieur Ponti's Squadron and brought with him several Books in Folio of Designs and Paintings of Plants Birds Fishes and Infects of the West-Indies all done by himself very accurately He is a very understanding Man in several parts of Natural History but especially in Botanique he had been formerly in America at his return Printed at the King's Charge a Book of American Plants in Folio This Book was so well approved of that he was sent again thither at the King's Charge and returned after several years wandring about the Islands with this Cargo He was more than once Shipwrackt and lost his Specimens of all things but preserved his Papers as having fortunately lodged them in other Vessels so that the things themselves I did not see He had designed and Dissected a Crocodile one of the Sea Tortoises a Viper and well described the Dissections His Birds also were well understood and very well painted in their proper colours I took notice of 3 sorts of Owles one with Horns all distinct Species from our European Several of the Hawk Kind and Falcons of very beautiful Plumage and one of those which was Coal black as a Raven Also which I longed to see there was one Species of the Swallow Kind very distinct from the 4 Species we have in Europe Amongst the Fish there were two new Species of American Trouts well known by the Fleshy Fin near the Tail Amongst the Insects there was a Scolopendra of a foot and an half long and proportionably broad Also the Julus very elegantly painted which I had seen before in Dr. Turnfort's Collection Table 5. Also a very large Wood-Frog with the extremity of the Toes webbed Also a Blood-red Polypus with very long Legs two of which I could discern by the Draught were thick acetabulated This he told me was so venemous that upon the least touch it would cause an insupportable burning pain which would last several hours There were also some few Species of the Serpent and Lizard Kind There were but few Shells but amongst them there was a Murex See T. 4. which dies purple with the Fish as it exerts it self in the Sea Also that Land Buccinum see Tab. 3. which I have figured and which lays Eggs with hard Shells and for bigness and shape and colour scarce to be distinguisht from the Sparrow Eggs. And because the Murex and this Buccinum was drawn with the Animals creeping out I desired a Copy of them which he freely and in a most obliging manner granted me He designed the Buccinum Terrestre in the Island of St. Domingo where he found it Amongst the vast Collection of Plants I observed the Torch Kind and Fernes were of all others the most numerous of each of which there were an incredible number of Species There were 2 or 3 Species of Goosberries and Currants and some Species of Wild Grapes all which F. Plumier told me were good to eat He told me these Drawings would make 10 Books as big as that he had publisht and Two Books of Animals He had been often at