a Woman newly layd p. 247 Sect. 4. Of the bruises and rents of the outward parts of the Womb caused by Labors p. 252 Sect. 5. Of the After-pains p. 254 Sect. 6. Of the Lochia whence they come if good or bad their stopping and what ensues p. 255 Sect. 7. Of the Inflammation c. of the Womb. p. 258 Sect. 8. Of the Inflammation and Apostemation of the Breasts p. 259 Sect. 9. Of the curdling of the Milk in the Breasts p. 262 Sect. 10. Of Choping c. and loss of the Nipples p. 265 PART IV. Of the Diseases and Symptoms happening to little Children and of the choice of a Nurse SEct. 1. What manner of Woman a Nurse ought to be and whether the Mother be the best Nurse p. 269 Sect. 2. Of the Diseases and Symptoms which happen to Children and first of their Diseases in general p. 291 Sect. 3. Of Feavers Meazels and Small-Pox in little Children p. 293 Sect. 4. Of the milky scab Achores Scald-Head and Lice p. 295 Sect. 5. Of the watry swelling of the Head p. 298 Sect. 6. Of Fright in the Sleeps and Watchings p. 299 Sect. 7. Of the Falling-sickness and Convulsion p. 301 Sect. 8. Of pain in the Ears Moisture Vlcers and Worms p. 302 Sect. 9. Of the Thrush bladders of the Gums and Inflammation of the Tonsils p. 303 Sect. 10. Of the breeding of Teeth p. 304 Sect. 11. Of a Catarrh Cough and difficult breathing p. 305 Sect. 12. Of the Hiccup and Vomiting p. 307 Sect. 13. Of the pains and puffing of the Belly p. 309 Sect. 14. Of the Flux of the Belly p. 311 Sect. 15. Of Costiveness p. 312 Sect. 16. Of Worms p. 313 Sect. 17. Of the Rupture p. 314 Sect. 18. Of Bunching out and inflammation of the Navil p. 315 Sect. 19. Of the falling out of the Fundament p. 316 Sect. 20. Of difficulty and stopping of Vrine p. 317 Sect. 21. Of not holding Vrine p. 318 Sect. 22. Of Leanness and Bewitching p. 319 SECT I. Of the True generation of it Parts and Increase of the Infant in the Womb according to the daies and times till the time of the Birth WHen the Womb whose property it is naturally to receive seed for generation as a Loadstone attracts iron or Jeat straws or feathers hath received the seed and by its virtue hath shut it up for generation Presently from the first day until the sixth or seventh there grow and arise very many and very small fibres or hairs beginning with a hot motion by which vital heat the Liver with its chiefest organs are generated as this following Figure may the more illustrate The small Fibres In the one of which branches there is a collection of blood of which first the liver is generated From whence it easily appears the liver is a congealed and concrete blood and also it may be manifest how many and various veins it hath prepared and fitted for the attractive and expulsive virtue But in the other branch are generated those webs oâ— veins with the dilatation of other veins as oâ— the stomach spleen and intestines in the lower part of the belly And from hence immediately all veins are collected together as so many branches into one trunk in the upper web of the liver towards the hollow veinâ—… and this trunk by and by sends down brancheâ— to make the midriff and directs not a few branches to the lower parts even to the very thighs and then the heart with its arteries extended into seed from the navil iâ— generated by a vital virtue and is directeâ— towards the spine of the back as is demonstrated in this figure 3. But those do attract the hottest and more subtile blood of which the heart is generated incased in a membrane naturally fleshy and thick necessary upon the account of so â—ot a member But the hollow vein extendâ—ng it self and penetrating the inward conâ—avity of the right side in the heart c. deâ—ives thence blood for the nourishment of the â—eart From the same branch also of this his vein and in the same part another vein ariseth called by some the immoveable or quiet vein because according to the account of the pulsation of other veins it beats not at all but lies quiet ordained for this end that it should let go the purest blood to the Lungs being vested with a double tunicle like an Arterie from whence it is called the Arterial vein But in the left concavity of the heart there are two Arteries that is to say the Venal Arterie and the Great Arterie which carries a great pulse with it and diffuseth the vital Spirits by the blood of the heart into all the Arteries of the Body For as the hollow vein is the original of all veins by which the Body doth attract its whole nourishment of blood so from the Aorta or great Arterie all pulsatile veins are derived diffusing the vital Spirits through the whole Body For the heart is the fountain and original of vital heat without which no creature or member can thrive Under the abovesaid Arterie in the left concavity of the heart another vein ariseth called the Venal Arterie And although that be really a pulsatile vein and doth direct the vital Spirits yet according to the manner of all pulsatile veins that have blood it hath but one coat and therefore made for that end that it should derive the cold air from the Lungs to refresh the heart as also to attemper its over-much heat And veins issuing out from both the cavities of the heart are inserted into the Lungs of which they are formed for the vein that proceeds from the right cavity of the heart produceth the most subtile blood which by small fibres dispersed here and there is changed into the fleshy substance of the lungs But from the great vein of the Liver viz. the Vena Cava or hollow vein the whole brest is generated and so successively the Arms and Thighs Within the time aforesaid also is generated the highest and chiefest part of this noble structure the Brain in the third Region of this mass for the whole mass of seed is filled with the animal Spirits that contracts a great part of the genital moysture and concludes it in a certain cavity wherein the brain may be formed but as to the out-fide it is inveloped with a certain covering which being dried with heat is brought into a boney substance and becomes a scull as appears by this precedent figure But the brain is so formed that it may conceive retain and change the natures of all the vital Spirits from whence also proceed the beginnings of all Reason and of the Senses For as veins have their original from the Liver and as arteries have their rise from the heart so also nerves being of a softer and milder natural existence arise from the brain and are not hollow as the veins are but solid for they are the first and chiefest instruments of all the senses by
which the motions of all the senses by reason of the vital spirit are justly made After the nerves from the brain also is formed the pith of the back-bone not of an unlike nature from the brain so that it scarce can be called marrow because it hath no likeness to marrow either by sight or in substance for the marrow is a kind of superfluous aliment arising from the blood of the members appointed to moisten and make the bones of the body grow but the brain and pith of the back have their original from the seed not deputed for the nourishment and growth of the other members but that by themselves they might make private parts of the body for the use and motion of the Senses that from thence all the other nerves may take their rise For from the pith of the back many nerves arise from which the body hath sense and motion as may appear by the difference betwixt the vital and animal faculties as hath been before hinted Moreover here it is to be observed that from the seed it self gristles bones coats of the veins of the Liver and of the arteries of the heart the brain with the Nerves and again the tunicles and as well other pannicles or membranes as those that wrap up the infant are generated but from the proper blood of the infant is the flesh it self ingendred and all those parts that are of a fleshy substance as the Heart the Liver and Lungs And then at length all these grow together by the menstruous blood attracted by the small veins of the Navil which are observed to be directed with their orifices into the Womb. All which are distinctly made by the eighteenth day of the first month from the very conception at which time it may be called seed but afterwards it becometh to be and is called a child which the Ancients have comprehended in these two verses Six daies in milk thrice three the seed's in blood Twice six makes flesh thrice six makes members good The lesser figure denotes the Nerves derived frō the Back and dispersed through the whole The explanation of the larger figure see in the following page FF Sheweth a young one of 18 daies though some hold it but 14 dayes in which all the members may be discerned apart GG The four Umbilical Vessels meeting in one HH How the Umbilical Vessels become thick by degrees that that doubt amongst some may be resolved whether they spring from the Womb or no. III Sheweth how the Umbilical veins and arteries are spread throughout the Chorion by infinite branches KKK Sheweth the membrane called Amnios in which sweat and urine are gathered together in which the Infant swimmeth and sits as safe as in a Bath SECT II. Of the signs of Conception and whether the Child thrive in the Womb. DR Good Mrs. Eutrapelia vouchsafe me your observations about Conceptions and let me understand what are the signs of Conception in general and what signs distinguish the Sexes Mid. Although Sir 't is hard to know whether a woman hath conceived yea or no yet it may be conjectured by many experienced Arguments as for instance First it is thought a credible sign of Conception if a woman either the tenth day after coition or sooner perceive not by reason of any humors any of her terms be they whites or reds And though the stopping of those be accounted for a sign yet that fails often because it may be as well before conception as after But waving this let us find out other marks and prognosticks of a true conception gathered from the state and condition of the woman her self being seriously examined from head to foot Secondly pains and giddiness in the head and a mist over the sight if they meet together these portend conception Thirdly the apples of the Eyes are lessened the Eyes swell and become swarthy the veins of the Eyes grow red and are full with blood the Eyes sink the Eye-lids are remiss divers colors are seen in the Eyes and are observed in a looking-glass the veins betwixt the Eyes and the Nose are swoln with blood and are seen clearer the veins under the Tongue are somewhat greenish Fourthly the chest is warm and the back cold Fifthly the Veins and Arteries are swoln and the pulse easier the veins in the breast are first black then either yellow or blew Sixthly The breasts grow big and hard with pain the nipple grows red if she drinketh that which is cold she feels cold in her breast Seventhly there is a great loathing of meat and drink and destruction of the natural appetite with longings after various meats with an absurd appetite a continual vomiting and weakness of stomach sower belching loathing of wine an inordinate pulsation of the heart sudden joy and after that as sudden grief pains about the navil heaviness about the loins swelling towards the bottom of the belly inward pricking in the body chilness of the outward parts after coition retention of the seed seven daies after copulation about the beginning of conception a shooting pain about the back and belly The courses are stop'd for those veins from which they flow carry the blood through certain holes that are at the end of them for the nourishment of the infant by the navil and part of it is conveyed upwards into the breasts and there is prepared for milk Eightly the thighs swell with pain but the body is weaker and the face pale Ninthly the belly is costive by reason of the compressure of the intestines The urine is white with a cold swimming at the top wherein are to be seen many atomes like those observable in the beams of the sun but when in the first Month many of these sink to to the bottom the vessel in which it is being shaken it seems to be drawn out like to wooll In the later months the urine is redrish or yellow it becomes blackish with a red cloud at the top I will here-with relate to you two experiments by which it may be known whether or no a woman hath conceived And the first is this Stop up a womans urine three daies in an urinal at the end of which strain it or rather drop it through fine linnen and if she hath conceived you shall see little creatures like to lice if these be red 't is a token of a male but if white they say portend a female If a womans urine be put in a brass Bason and stand there one night if you put into it a bright needle if she hath conceived that needle will be bespeckled with red spots but if otherwise it will be rusty all over The Signs whereby most pretend to know whether Male or Female be conceived being altogether Falacious and Ridiculous I have wholly omitted Dr. Since you have given such signs of Conception let me know by what signs you apprehend the Infant to be well and thrive in the Womb or not Mid. I shall Sir And first if it be
sometimes by its heat it makes an inflammation in the neck of the bladder which causes its stopping and if it be from a stone in the bladder 't is more in supportable and dangerous to a Woman with Child then one that is not because the Womb by its swelling causeth the stone perpetually to press against the bladder and the pains are violenter if it be greater or of an unequal or sharp shape 'T is of great moment to hinder these violent endeavors to make water and to remedy them if possible in all indispositions because by long continuance of forcing downwards to make water the Womb is loosened and bears down and is sometimes forced to discharge its self of its burthen before its time which we must endeavour to hinder having respect to its different causes as when it comes from the weight of the Womb pressing the bladder as for the most part now she may remedy it if with both her hands when she would make water she lift up the bottom of her belly or wear a large swath or keep her bed If it be sharpness of Urine that makes an inflammation i' th neck o th' bladder appease it by a cooling dyet forbearing strong drinks using emulsions made of the 4 cold seeds or whey with syrup of Violets use not purging because its heat augments the inflammation these are proper to cleanse the Urinary passages without either prejuding Mother or Child taken Morning and Evening If all this prevail not let her blood a little i' th Arm and bath the outward entry of the neck of the bladder with a decoction of Mallows Marsh-mallows Pellitory and Violets with a little Linfeed and inject some of the same into the bladder to which you may add Hony of Violets or luke warm Milk abstaining from all diuretics for fear they provoke Abortion And when all fails she must send for a Physitian or Chyrurgeon to make use of his Catheter And also if it arise from the stone in the neck of the bladder they may thrust it back with it but if small draw it forth for a great one cannot be drawn forth before she be delivered being better to leave her so then endanger her life or the Childs SECT VII Of a Cough and difficult breathing THey whose Infants lye low are more troubled with difficulty of Urine then they whose lye higher who are free from that and the like distemper but are more subject to a Cough and difficult breathing If a Cough be violent to vomiting 't is one of the chiefest things which cause Abortion because 't is an essay whereby the Lungs endeavour to cast forth of the Breast that which offends them by a compression of all its Muscles which pressing all the inclosed air inwards wherewith the Lungs are much stretched thrusts also downwards by the same means the midriff and consequently all the parts of the lower belly but particularly the Womb which continuing long and violent often causeth Abortion Sometimes it proceeds from sharp rheums which distil from the brain upon the Artery and Lungs and sometimes from such blood which flows towards the Breast upon stopping the Terms also from too cold air breathing which stirs up the parts to motion but being begun by these causes 't is often augmented by the compression the Womb makes upon the Midriff which cannot have its liberty in those that bear their Children high because by its great extension it bears up almost all the parts of the lower belly towards the Breast and chiefly the Stomach and Liver forcing them against the Midriff You must remedy this by keeping good dyet somewhat cooling if from sharp humors avoiding all Salt and Spice meats Oranges Lemons Vinegar c. but she may use juice of Liquorice Sugar-candy syrup of Violets or Mulberries which she may mix with a Ptysan made with Jujubs Sebestens French Barley and a little Liquorice and it may not be amiss to divert and draw down these humors by a gentle Clyster If these prevail not and there appears signs of fulness of blood bleed her in the Arm at what time soever of going with Child and though it be not usually practis'd when they are young with Child yet here it must for a continual Cough is much more dangerous then a moderate bleeding If it come of cold keep in a close Room with a napkin doubled about her Neck or a Lamb-Skin and going to bed take 3 or 4 spoonfuls of this syrup of burnt wine following which is very Pectoral and causeth good digestion Take half a pint of French wine 2 drams of Cinnamon bruised half a dozen cloves 4 ounces of white Sugar or Sugar-candy put them together in a Porrenger and boil them upon a Chaffing dish of Coals burn it and then boil it to the consistence of a Syrup You must not from whatever cause it proceeds that she must go loose in her cloaths and because sleep is proper to stay fluxions it may be procured by the Physitian using no strong stupefactives of opium which are dangerous if there be not very great necessity as in the patient mentioned in the Section of the pain of Back Loins Reins and Hips Some Women carry their first Child chiefly so high because the cords which support the Womb are not stretch'd that they think them to be in their Breasts which causes a difficult breathing as soon as they have eaten a little walked or gone up the stairs so that they fear they shall be choaked which comes from the Wombs being enlarged and pressing the Stomach and the Liver which forces the Midriff upward leaving it no room to be moved sometimes their Lungs are so full of blood driven thither from all parts that it hardly leaves passage for the air if so they will breath more easily as soon as a little blood is taken from the Arm but if it comes from a compression made by the womb against the Midriff the best remedy is to wear her clothes loose and eat little and often eating no windy meats as pease and avoiding all grief and fear because they drive the blood to the Heart and Lungs in too great quantity so that she having her Breast already stuffed and hardly breathing will be in danger of being choak'd for the abundance of blood filling the Ventricles of the Heart above measure and at once hinders its motion without which she cannot live SECT VIII Of the swelling and pains of the Thighs and Legs MAny think which is in part true that the Woman having more blood then the Infant needs to nourish it nature by virtue of the expulsive faculty of the upper parts which are always strongest drives the superfluity upon the lower as the Legs c. as most feeble and apt to receive it and so are caused their swelling and pain and sometimes red spots from the swelling of the Veins along the inside which extreamly hinders her going but the doctrine of the circulation of the blood invented by our