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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
head_n	hand_n	pike_n	right_a	3,958	5	10.2329	5	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A54357	The perfection of military discipline after the newest method, as practised in England and Ireland, &c., or, The industrious souldiers golden treasury of knowledge in the art of making war containing instructions for the exercising the pike and musket in all their postures, with the signs of the drum, by its beating the several points of war, the exercise of granadeers, horse, and dragoons : the explanation of the words of command, and how to be put in practice ... : the several doublings, wheelings, and drawing up of battalions, squadrons of horse, &c. with the conduct of armies in open or inclosed countries, or upon any occasion or immergency ... the method to be observed in garrisons, and the manner of fortification, with that of besieging strong holds, &c. to which is added, as a second part, The art of gunnery, or, The compleat engineer : shewing the practice of the ordnance, mortars, &c. with the manner of making and using fire-works for war, at sea and land, and many other things necessary to be known for the improvement of souldiers.		1690 (1690)	Wing P1532; ESTC R18339	60,614	163

Barrel placing the great end of your Scowerer just at the Muzle of your Musket 22. Ram down Powder and Ball. Take a full grasp with your Thumb and Fore-finger from the Muzle your Thumb on the top of the Scowerer keeping a handful in your hand 23. Withdraw your Scowerer Your hand Thumb and Fore-finger being turned towards the Muzle clear your Scowerer at three motions and dart it as before 24. Shorten it to a Handful Clap the small end of your Scowerer to your Breast slip it to a Handful of the end holding it a little below your right Breast slooping 25. Return your Scowerer Upon this place it in its proper place without expecting any word grasp the Muzle of your Musket with the right hand your Thumb being extended upon the Scowerer keeping it half a foot clear from your Side the Muzles directly to front all of a height 26. Poise your Musket In this case with your left hand before you bring up your Musket grasp it with your right hand under the Cock falling with your right Leg to your left keeping it Poised directly before your Nose being faced to the Front let your right Elbow rest upon your Body 27. Shoulder your Muskets In doing this take the rule that has been mentioned 28. Poise your Muskets Do this as before has been shew'd 29. Order your Muskets In doing this sink your right hand a little take hold of the Stock with the left hand on the top of the Scowerer then suffering the left to sink take hold of the Muzle with the right hand the butt end easily sinking near the ground when after a little pause let them all come down together giving as it were but one thump then close to the right foot place the butt end about the middle of it the Lock outward and your right hand an Inch below the Muzle 30. Lay down your Musket Having turn'd it with the back upwards you step forwards with your left Leg and your right hand lay it on the ground that it may lie in a streight Line with the rest never laying it down with any other but the right hand 31. Quit your Musket Stand upright by raising your self with a fall back of your left Leg to your right 32. Handle your Musket Here observe to step forward with your left Leg and lay your righ● hand on the Muzle of your Musket 33. Order your Musket Upon this word raise the Muzle and fall back with your left Leg to your right turning the Lock outwards by the middle of your foot And thus in case of Fire-Arms the postures are little different as will hereafter appear Instructions for Exercising the Pike relating to the various Postures already mentioned in Command 1. Pike-men take heed Advance your Pikes IN this case move your Pike upward in a direct Line with your right hand near your side your right hand well near as high as you can reach depressing your left hand as low as you can your fingers streight out and raise your Pike till the butt end comes to your right hand at what time place it between your Breast and Shoulder keeping your butt end close that it may be more firmly uprigh● 2. To the Front Place your left hand on your Pike even with the top of your Shoulder casting your finger streight bringing your Pike right before you with a very swift motion drawing in your right Heel to your left Instep keeping the Pike streight 3. Charge In this posture fall back with your right Leg suffering the heel of your left foot to be against the middle of your right and bring down your Pike with a quick jerk support your Pike with your left elbow and Charge breast high bending your left Knee upon yeilding your Body forward to fix your self the firmer holding the butt end in the palm of your right hand your left Toe directly pointing with the spear of your Pike set your Feet at a moderate distance to stand the more firm and bring your Pike down a little beneath your breast beware of clattering close it to your breast when it is Charged 4. To the Right four times In this doing turn your left Toe to the right then make your left Heel come up with your left Instep with a quick motion recovering your Pike straight before you then having turned fall back with your right Leg Charge as before c. 5. To the Right-about Here you must by turning your left Toe bring it to the Right-about bringing up your right Heel your Pike recovered then Charge being turned with much quickness 6. As you were Bring up your left Toe by turning to the Left about then bringing your Pike recovered your left hand must never be higher than your Mouth your Feet in Order when being turn'd you must fall back with your right Leg and Charge bringing your Pike straight up without Clattering Do these as has been shewn in case of the Right only observing 8 left Motions c. 7. To the Left 4 times 8. To the Left-about 9. As you were 10. Advance your Pike In doing this make your right Hee l come up to your left Instep having your Pike before you fall out with your right Foot and bring your Pike to your right Thigh 11. Shoulder Your fingers of your left hand being extended lay that hand on your Pike even with your Shoulder then make your right Hee l come even with your left Instep your Pike right before you fall back with your right Leg and put back your right Arm as far as may be holding your Pike about half a foot from your side keeping your Eye upon the Spear and that directly to the Rear your Pike slooped when forsakeing it with your left hand bring in your right Leg laying your Pike on your right Shoulder keeping your Elbow to your Body the butt end about half a foot from the ground in the middle of the distance 12. Charge to the Front Here you must fall back with your right Leg putting back as much as may be your Arm keeping the Spear exactly to the Rear setting the Pike aslope at the same height as shouldering then bring the butt end backwards with your left hand turning the head with your right hand then quit it with that hand and take hold of the butt end and Charge breast high the palm of your hand against the butt end open and your left Elbow under the Pike the left Toe directly with the Spear and when you Charge let it be directly forward your left Heel being just against the middle of your right Foot 13. Shoulder as you were In the first place raise your Pike with both your hands then quit it with the right and with the left turn the head backwards the Spear directly with the Rear then seize it again with your right hand as high as you can reach without straining and stand with it from your Body aslope bring up your right Leg and forsaking your Pike

with your left hand lay it on your Shoulder always keeping the Spear in a direct point to the Rear not any ways crossing others 14. Charge to the Right Here you must fall back with your right Arm and Leg keep the Spear in the Rear sloped at the height of shouldering turning your left Toe to the right let the right fall behind the left that the middle of your right Foot may be over against your left Heel and in this Action bring your Pike up and turn backwards the butt end by your right side then pressing it in the palm of your right hand Charge 15. Shoulder as you were Make your left Toe come to the left and the middle of your right Foot against your left Heel with your Pike up then turn the head of it to the right viz. directly to the Rear doing it at one motion then with your right hand take hold of your Pike so with both hands keep it a little distance from your Body slop'd as when you Shoulder then bring your right Leg up and lay your Pike on your Shoulder 17. Charge to the Right-about Here you must with your Hand and Leg give back and stand with your Pike a little distance from your side turn your left Toe to the Right-about bringing the butt end of your Pike to the right side falling back with your right Leg Chharge keeping the Spear of your Pike all the while to the Rear a shouldering height being careful not to mount the Spear of your Pike higher or lower and when you are to face to the Right-about level your Pike and Charge 17. As you were Upon this word of Command turn your left Toe to the Left-about causing your right Foot to advance a moderate step so that the middle of it be placed against your left Heel bring the butt end with your left hand by your left side observing the Spear to be exactly with the Rear the same height as in shouldering then as high as with ease you can reach lay on your right hand and stand with it in form after which bring up your right Leg and Shoulder 18. Charge to the Left In doing this posture fall back with your Leg and Arm as has been shewed in the former Chargings turn to the left Toe and turn the butt end of your Pike with your left hand to the Right then bring up your right Leg and Charge 19. As you were Here you must raise the Spear with both your hands turning the left Toe to the Right then fall back with your right Leg and Arm holding your Pike from your side the Spear directly to the Rear then bring up your right Leg and Shoulder 20. Charge to the Left-about In this case fall back with your Leg and Arm then bring the Pike over your head with both your hands keeping the Spear directly to the Rear at the height of shouldering turn your left Toe to the Left-about then bring up your right Foot so that the middle of it may come with your left Heel and Charge 21. Port. Do this as charging the Front but be cautions that you sink not the Spear of your Pike so low resting it instead of the Elbow between the Thumb and Fore-finger keeping the Elbow close to your side 22. Comport In this doing you must bring your left hand backward as far as you may stretching out the right making thereupon a step forward with the right Foot firmly grasping the Pike with the right hand as far as you can reach not tossing the Spear too high this done forsake it with your left hand bringing back your right Leg even with your Left then close the Pike to your side keeping the Spear about the height of your Head 23. Charge to the Front In performing this let your right Arm be extended at the same time advancing your right Leg putting back your left hand as far as you can bring your Pike forward upon which give a step back with your right Leg take hold of the butt end with your right hand then Charge Charging ever breast high 24. Fire Here you must face to the Right-about suffering the Spear of your Pike to fall behind you then let your right hand be quitted from the butt end without moving the Left take care likewise not to strike up the Spear 25. Charge as you were In this Exercise turn your self to the Left-about take the butt end of the Pike on the palm of your right hand and Charge keeping your Spear at an even height 26. Advance your Pikes Here you must observe to bring your right Heel to your left Instep as likewise your Pike before you to the Recovery then fall out with your right Foot till it come even with your Left and by this means bring your Pike to your right Thigh 27. Order your Pikes Raise your left hand even with the top of your shoulder and lay it upon your Pike your fingers stretched out then sink your left hand and raise your right and so raise the Pike that when the butt end is on the ground your right hand may be against your Eye setting the butt end to the Latchet of your Shoe and keeping the Pike near your Head and in this Exercise suffer all the butt ends to fall to the ground together 28. Pikes to your Inside Order In this doing you must fix the butt end of your Pike on the inside of your right Foot to the middle moving only your Pike and not your Foot 29. Lay down your Pikes Here step altogether with your right Legs stoop all together with a quick motion and lay them very straight with your right hands 30. Quit your Pikes With your left Leg fall back bringing it even with your right and stand up all together 31. Handle your Pikes In this doing step forward with your left Legs in a quick motion stoop all together and extending your right hands as far as you can reach grasp your Pike 32. Order your Pikes Raise the Pike with your right hand step back with your left Leg clapping the butt end for the more easie raising about the middle of your right Foot on the inside 33. Pikes to your Out-side Order To do this place the butt end of your Pike on the outside your Foot moving your Pike and not your Foot 34. Advance Do this as before And thus have we given the Practitioner in Arms The true Postures of the Musket and Pike distinctly which with a little use may perfect him in that which is so necessary to be understood by the Sons of Mars from which we proceed to give further Instructions of this kind Directions for the Exercise of the Pike and Musket together by a whole Battalion or single Company supposing the Pikes Advanced and Muskets Shouldered The word of Command given is 1. Musketeers make Ready IN this case they must perform all the postures and motions directly together till such time as they stand gaurded with their Muskets before

directed in the standing Salute or in a Battalion drawn up for a Review The Serjeants must march with their Halberts shouldered the butt ends uppermost always upon this occasion marching with their Hats off when those that are to be Saluted pass by not any being to Salute the same Party more than once standing and once Marching As for the Major and the Aid-Major they have not any fixed Post appointed in Marching but are attending for Orders on the Colonel or Commander in Chief and if an Ensign be absent a Pike-man as he is qualified claims the carrying or holding the Colours before either Serjeant or Corporal If it so happen that a Battalion in the March be attacked they must immediately thereupon draw up and face either the same way they March or wheeling to the Right or Left recovering thereby what Advantages you shall see necessary How a Battalion ought to the Ordered if Attacked IF you are marching in three Divisions or a greater number then if you be Attacked and obliged to wheel to the Right the first Wing of the Musketiers must draw up on the right of the Granadiers and the Pikes on the right of the right Wing of Musketiers whilst the left Wing of the Musketiers takes the right hand of the Pikes which is done with more Ease and Speed than by marching round the Rear As soon as you prepare for Defence or the Chief Commander is for drawing up the Battalion in the same Method he gives the words of Command that the Rear half Files of Musketiers do double their Front to the Left in Marching and upon the first Command to the Musketiers to make ready viz. to be Cock'd and Gaurded the Pike-men without expecting Command are to Port their Pikes and the Drums to beat a Preparative whereby the Rear must take notice to draw up and at the same time the Ensigns must give their Colours to the right hand Man of the respective Companies who immediately must retire with them to the Center of the Pikes and the Ensigns taking the Souldiers Pikes must march at the head of the Pikes As for the Drums that before marched between the Ranks of the Musketiers as likewise those of the Granadiers that are to be joyned with those Drums that march with the Pikes and the Hoitboys must joyn the Colours When the Drums beat the Preparative the first Division excepted every Division is to march up with as much speed as may be not breaking or falling into any Disorder the first Division marching slower and not altering its former pace The Ranks in marching must observe to close forward at six foot which must be well directed by the Serjeants who are to look to the Order The Granadiers are to be divided into three parts no part exceeding each other and one of these parts must be with the Captain at the head of the Pikes about eight paces from the first Rank and the other two parts on the right and left of the Battalion when those at the head of the Pikes are to receive the word of Command Present and Fire and the first Rank of Musketiers are commanded to Kneel and when they have fired they must make ready their Granadoes and after the two other Ranks Fire then are they to deliver their Granadoes and place their Daggers in the Muzle of their Fire-Locks and those Granadiers placed on the right and left of the Battalion are to make their Fire as the Musketiers Fire viz The two last Ranks must fire with the Musketiers and when they have so done they must fix their Daggers in the Muzles of their Fire-Locks then the Front of Granadiers must have their Granadoes ready and likewise when the first Rank of Musketiers kneel they must do the same and when the two last Ranks have fired they must stand up and upon the fireing of the first Rank of Granadiers they must deliver their Granadoes and fix their Daggers in the Muzles of their Fire-Locks as the others Observe that when the Adverse Battalion is so near that the Granadoes may fall amongst them the Officers and Souldiers keeping their equal distance the Commander in Chief gives the word to Halt at which the Drums must cease and the Officers whose Post is at the Front must Rank at the head of the Battalion two paces distant with their Pikes Ported and four of the Serjeants that marched with the Pikes before they drew up must draw up with them viz. Two with the first Rank and two with the last on the right and left of each Rank and the remaining Serjeants to be on the Ranks and to be assisting to the Officers in the Rear who are to be those Officers that took their march in the Rear before they were drawn up and are to continue in the Rear of the Battalion to take care of it all except the eldest Captain who is to come up immediately to the head of the left Wing of Shot in the Front and the Serjeants are to be very exact upon the Battalion drawing up to order the Ranks at six foot distance and the Files at the same every Souldier for the better use of his Arms and the passage of the Enemies Shot to keep at least a Foot from his right hand Man When the Commander in Chief has given the word Halt the next Command is Ranks of Musketiers Kneel This is to be done by falling back with the right Legs without moving the left keeping your Muskets so low that the two other Ranks without incommoding may fire over them and upon the giving this word the Rank of Officers posted at the head of the Battalion must fall at once into the Intervals behind the first Rank of Souldiers taking care at the same time that the Officers perform their duties The Officers having their Pikes in the posture conformable to the Pike-men and those with the Musketiers must observe to kneel as the Musketiers do When the word of Command is given for the first Rank to kneel the other two Ranks of Musketiers are to close forward and in the same manner the five Ranks of Pike-men as they can with conveniency and use their Arms without any word of Command Two last Ranks Present This must ever be observed to be done breast high the first of the two stooping without any word of Command and at the same word the Pikes are to Charge and continue Charged Fire Retover your Arms. At which word of Command the foremost or Front Rank must stand up without expecting further Command at the same time their Muskets being recovered straight before them Cockt and Gaurded Front Present Fire Recover pour Arms. Club your Muskets Fall on This must be done with a Shout or Huzza the Pikes continuing Charged and the Drums beating another Preparative Halt Upon this word given the Drums must be silent and now in case of a Reduction it must be done by this order of Command c. Poise your Muskets Hereupon the Pikes must

their left hands the height of their Ears both of them observing when they come to this Posture to recover their Arms before them that they bring their right Heels to their left Insteps and when the Pikes Charge and the Musqueteers rest to retire or fall back with the right Feet in a direct Line observing in all Chargings or Motions of the Pikes or Muskets to take care that they clatter not one against another An Explanation of the Words of Command or Postures in Exercising the Fire-Lock Musket and how they must be performed WHen you enter upon Exercise whether it be of Pike or Musket you must observe to keep your at Feet a moderate distance that you may upon occasion retain your full Force and Strength ever keeping the left Heel firm and set the right Feet But as to the Exercise 1. Lay your right Hand on your Musket In this Action the Lock being uppermost turn your Barrel towards you and your Fingers being extended lay your right Hand just behind the Lock then close the butt end of your Musket to your Shoulder so that it may in all parts be of an equal height 2. Poise your Musket Here you must hold your Musket with a hard grasp facing to the Right and turning with a quick motion upon your left Heel keeping your Musket exactly before you the height of it between your Shoulders your right Elbow on your side and your Feet at a moderate distance that turning about the point of your left Toe may be to the Front and that of your right as you face to the left Heel being directly against the middle your right Foot and so are you in a resting Posture c. 3. Rest your Musket In performing this let your Musket slide or sink down to your left hand letting down your Arm as low as possible without stooping receiving the Musket directly where the Scowerer enters into the Stock suffering your hand to touch no part of the Barrel let it be a little stooping from perpendicular about half a foot from your side keeping your right hand with your fingers extended behind the Lock 4. Cock your Musket In this doing place the Thumb of your right Hand and your Finger behind the Trigger and clapping it against your Thigh Cock keeping for the better security your Thumb upon the Cock. 5. Guard your Musket In Guarding your Musket bring it in the foregoing Posture with a very quick motion straight before you to the Recover your left hand equal with your Mouth but about half a foot distance not stooping nor suffering your Musket to sink observing in bringing up the Musket before which is a Recovering to make the right Heel come to the left Instep keeping your Musket right perpendicular 6. Present In this case fall back with your right Leg so that the left Hee l be against the middle of the right Foot suffering the butt end to rise to you Shoulder setting it fast your right Elbow even with the height of the Piece being ever ready to pull the Trigger with the fourth Finger of your right Hand bending the left Knee a little and keeping the right very steady levelling breast high 7. Fire Here you must keep true motion in drawing the Trigger doing it all together so that the Fire of a Battalion may give but one Report or appear to be no more than one Flash the body steady and the Musket close to the Shoulder till the next word of Command which is 8. Recover your Arms. Hereupon suffer the butt end of your Musket to sink in both hands till it be perpendicular the right under the Cock and the left as high as your Mouth always upon a Recovery bringing it up before you upon a very quick motion turning the right Heel so that it may come up with the left Instep 9. Half bend your Musket With your right Leg fall back let the Muskets rest at once the right Thumbs being upon their Cocks and the right Fingers behind their Triggers then closing to the Thighs half bend with your right hands placed behind the Lock keeping them rested with fingers extended 10. Clean your Pan. This you may do by pressing the ball of your Thumb into the Pan holding the right hand behind the Lock that the posture may the better appear 11. Handle your Primer In doing this take the little end between your Thumb and Finger turning the great end to the back of your Hand your Arm bearing backward 12. Prime Upon priming level your Piece exactly upon a Line and having Powder a little bruised strike it into the Pan as much as is convenient the left Toe being kept upon the Front 13. Shut your Pan. Here use your two first Fingers casting your Primer back and drawing up your right Heel to your left Instep your Musket streight up before you Recover with the Barrel towards you done with a quick Motion the Thumb of your right hand on the top of the Steel and the left hand as high as your Mouth 14. Blow off your loose Corns In this case bring your Pan within four Inches of your Mouth and blow with a strong blast observing to do it altogether standing upright without declining the Head casting out your Arms and suffering your Piece to sink from the posture it before was in 15. Cast about to Charge In doing this let your right Leg advance turning the Barrel of your Musket downwards bringing it to your left side somewhat backward in your left hand suffering none of your fingers to touch the Barrel the Toe of the right Foot being directly to the Front the right Heel over against the middle of the left Foot the Musket ballanced in the left Hand the Muzle to a proper Front of an equal height half a foot from your Body your right hand joyned to the Muzle of the Musket and your Thumb extended to the slde of the Barrel 16. Handle your Charger This must be done with a full gripe holding it even with the Muzle of the Musket underneath about an Inch from it 17. Open it with your Teeth Here bring it up to your Mouth without bowing your head then bring the Charger within an Inch of your Muzle underneath covering the Chargers Mouth with the ball of your Thumb 18. Charge with Powder Having put the Powder with a quick motion into the Barrel hold the Charger underneath as before 19. Draw forth your Scowerer Upon this word let fall your Charger and by turning your hand draw your Scowerer or Gun-stick at three motions holding it level the height of your Forehead your Arm extended as if you were about to dart it 20. Shorten it to an Inch. In this case turning the great end of your Scowerer towards you let it sink till within an Inch of the end resting it against your Body some-what below your right Breast stooping 21. Charge with Bullet Having a Bullet in your Mouth take it out with your right hand and put it into the

them and their Thumbs for the better security on the Cocks whereupon the Pikes are to be recovered before the Pikemen the butt ends in the palms of their hands and the Spears upright their left hands no more than the height of their Mouths When the word Charge is given then must they bring down the Muskets and Pikes at once being sure to turn the left Toes that way they Charge and the heel of the fame Foot directly against the middle of the right Foot in every Charge charging directly forward not at first charging the Pikes close to one anothers Breasts but charge a little way distant in bringing down the Pikes and when they are charged then is the time to close them The Charge is To the Right four times Then to the Right-about after that As you were Then to the Left Charge four times Then to the Left-about Charge Then as you were which you may plainly observe in what has been laid down in the former Exercise Here the Pike-men must turn as the Musketeers bringing up their right Heels to their left Insteps extending their Arms as they turn bringing their Muskets straight before them their left hand as high as their Mouths pulling back their Arms and when they are faced fall back with their right Legs nor must the Souldiers bring down their Arms till the word Charge is given doing it with a quick motion and not suffering the Pikes to clatter Then the word of Command is viz. Recover your Arms. Half bend your Muskets Poise your Muskets Shoulder your Musket As before is noted Hereupon the Muskets being Shouldered the Pikes that stood Recovered falling out with their right Legs the Pikes are brought to their Thighs to their Advance Poise your Muskets This Command given the Pike-men must fix their left hands to their Pikes about the height of their Shoulders Then Order your Arms. Pikes to your Inside Order Lay down your Arms. Quit your Arms. To the Right-about March These must be observed as is before directed in the Exercise which to repeat again would be Tautology only thus much when you are clear of your Arms you must disperse and upon the beat of Drum run thither again with a Huzza your Swords drawn and their points upwards Then these words of Command are given viz. Return your Swords Handle your Arms. Order your Arms. Pikes to your Out-side Order Advance These things ought to be duly considered and in this first place in ordering your Arms observe to make a little stop before the butt ends come to the ground that they may fall together at once after the Arms are laid down and quitted you must all stand up together as if it were but one motion Upon marching from your Arms step Front and Rear together with the left Feet and march but a little distance Your right hands being laid on your Swords you must take hold of your Scabbards with your left hands and your Swords being drawn you must hold them upright before you bringing them down at one motion and when by Command you have returned your Swords you must stand upright to your Arms looking to your proper Front As for the rest we refer you to the Exercise of the Pike and Musket distinctly Several things to be observed in Command and Exercise relating to the Match-Lock Musket c. THE Match-Lock Musket in all the material parts of Exercise is the same with the Fire-Lock but some other things being to be observed we shall lay them down for the ease of the Reader and this chiefly consists in keeping your Match well with a good Coal fastning it upon Command advantagiously in your Screw blowing the Coal and trying your Pan by false flashes laying it down at Command taking it up again shortening it to the Pan that it may give true Fire But more to the particulars 1. Lay down your Matches Do this at four Motions first by a little turning the butt end of your Musket easily slipping on your Shoulder lay then your right hand on your Match In the next place extend your right hand and foot before you and recover your Musket in its place Thirdly stoop and bring your Match near the right Foot within-side suffering your Ham to bend a little Lastly quit it and bring your Body upright and your right Foot even with your left 2. When the Command is given viz. Handle your Match then having recovered it bring it between your third and fourth Finger by the help of your Thumb and first Finger always using your right Hand then the Palm being turned from you you stretch your Arm towards your right hand Man 3. Blow your Match Hereupon bring your Match to your Mouth not stooping but turning your Head a little to the right when having given a strong Blast to carry off the Ashes cast off your Arm to the right 4. Cock and try your Match In this case fetching a compass with your Arm bring your Match to the Cock and supporting it with your two near Fingers press it down with your Thumb guiding i● with your middle Finger when keeping you● middle finger between it and the Pan pul● your Cock down as low as the Pan and sink or raise your Match that it may hit the middle of the Pan and having fired when you hear the word Return your Match Hold your Musket in your left hand the Barrel towards you suffering your left Elbow to rest on your Body then take your Match between your Thumb and Finger in the right hand placing your Thumb on the top of it the palm being turned from you placing one end of your Match between the third and fourth finger of your left hand and the other end press with the first and second fingers then with extended fingers place your right hand under the Pan. This is all that is material as to the Match the other postures of the Musket being the same with the Fire-Lock already mentioned Directions for the Exercise of Foot Granadiers THough the Granadiers in many things differ from the Musketiers in Exercise yet for the better part they do the same drawing up in the same Order Rank and File only they seldom draw up above three deep and supposing then to be shouldered The words of Command are Lay your right Hands on your Fire-Locks 1. Poise your Fire-Locks 2. Rest your Fire-Locks 3. Cock your Fire-Locks 4. Gaurd your Fire-Locks 5. Present 6. Fire 7. Recover your Arms. All these are to be done in the same manner as the Exercise of the Fire-Lock Musket 8. Cast over to the Left In doing this they are to lay their right hands on their Daggers 9. Draw your Daggers Here they must draw their Daggers and hold them upright in their hands before them 10. Screw it into the Muzle of your Fire-Lock Do this so that the flat side may be towards you when you have recovered 11. Return your Arms. 12. Charge to the Right four times 13. To the Right-about Charge

forward the young Souldier thoug● indeed a heedful practice is the Life of Exercise The Exercise of Horse so properly called THough as to the words of Command i● Exercise they are not many yet various are the Actions to be performed by them as after we have given an account of the known words of Command shall be shew'd at large and in this case when a Squadron or Troop is appointed to Exercise having their Carbines and Pistols Loaden the Corporals must pass through the Ranks and see that they are all ready which done the Chief Officer commands Silence and gives the words viz. Lay your right hands on your Sword Draw your Swords Put your Swords in your Bridle-hands Lay your hands on your Pistels Cock your Pistols Hold up your Hands Give Fire When you have given Fire you must not let your Pistol hand fall till the next word of Command be given viz. Return your Pistols And this you must obseve in Fireing the right and Left again Lay your hands on your Carbines Advance your Carbines Cock your Carbines Fire Let fall your Carbines Take your Swords from your Bridle-hands Return your Swords These motions must be exactly observed every man doing each particular motion at one and the same time the word of Command for that purpose being given deliberately that there may be no mistake In drawing up a Body of Horse that is when the Body is drawn up the Officers that command not in Chief ought to keep close to their Men but the Chief Commandant must be about a Horses length before them to see more exactly what is done and so it must be observed in Marching It is further to be noted at this day that when a Squadron of Horse is to Wheel if to the Right the right hand men must not close to the Left as formerly for that puts the Rank many times out of Order but they must keep thei● Ground suffering the left to come about whilst they only turn their Horses heads observing their left hand Men. This may serve for the Motions which the Officers are to take care of yet there remains many other curious Matters to which we proceed To Close the Files 1. If you would be at close Files To close your Files The righr Wing File stand Close your Files To the Right To the Left As you were To the left Wing an● stand To the Left by Files close the Squadron To the Right As you were The righ● and left Wing Files stand By half Ranks close Files to the right and left or by closing Files you may cleave the Squadron The manner of Closing the Ranks File-Leaders stand By Ranks close the Squadron to the Front On the Front as you were or open to the Ranks on the Front to the first distances The manner of doubling Ranks By half Files to the Right Double your Ranks to the Front File Leaders Advance your Rank Half Files take your Ground In this manner you may Command to the Left The first half Files stand By half File Leaders on the left Wing double your Ranks to the Front Now if you would reduce this again observe the following Command viz. Right Wing half Rank Advance your Ranks Half File-Leader take your Ground The first half File stand By half File-Leaders on the right and left Wings then double your Ranks to the Front Carocolling to the right and left then the last half File stand and the first half Files by Carocol to the right and left on the Wings after this double your Ranks to the Rear Here the first half File must observe to open the half Rank to the Right and Left The first half File by Carocol To the Right and Left double your Ranks to the Rear In this case let the last half File open the half Rank to the Right and Left and since these words Carocol and Conversion may appear difficult to understand it will be convenient to explain the Motion When you are to Wheel by Carocol observe that it is made by the depth or flank of of the Squadron by which means the Rank and not the File makes the Motion Conversion in Wheeling is performed by the Front of the Squadron by which means the File remains whilst the Rank makes the Motion Directions for Wheeling by Conversion with the Word of Command WHen we say to the Right by Conversion it is to be understood That you ought to close your Right Leg to the Horse your Knee touching that of the right hand man's and so you must do in the word of Command to the Left as when we say Close the Left Wing then must the left Leg closed By half Ranks and by Conversion divide the Squadrons into two Troops In case you would reduce the Squadron The Cammand is By Conversion the Squadron into one Troop or the left Wing Advance by Conversion In wheeling by Carocol the words of Command are viz. The right Wing to the left by Caracol Face about to the Rear Or it may be performed by half Ranks viz. By Quarter Ranks and by Carocol divide the Squadron into three Troops Then if you would reduce them order Quarter Ranks and Squadrons into one Troop If you are to be Commanded the Volt Face or Facing about observe it in this manner Face about to the Right Face to the Right by Controversion Face about to the Right by Carocol Face about to the Left by half File Face about to the Right and Left In case in Hay you are to be drawn up Observe this Order By half Ranks To the Right and Left draw up in Hay To the Front and if to be reduced again the proceeding is thus By Carocol To the Right and Left As you were By half Ranks and by Carocal To the Right and Left Draw up in Hay to the Rear Reduction here the Command is To the Front As you were By half Ranks to the Right and Left draw up in Hay Reduction By Carocol To the Right and Left As you were By Carocol To ●he Right draw up in Hay Reduction By Carocol To the Left As you were The Order of causing Horses to File off File by Ranks on the right Wing on the left Wing from the Squadron File off by Ranks on the left Wing Form the Squadron on the Right File off by three Files on the Left Wing from the Squadron Some indeed are for Filing off with whole Ranks but the most Experience in this matter have found it most convenient to be done by Files because three Files make a Squadron which a Rank does not The next material thing to be considered is the Doublings being useful for the strengthning any part of the Battle as it shall be seen necessary or required consisting in these following Heads As to the General Front and Rear Both Flank 1. Doublings of Length 2. Doublings of Depth But if you come to particulars there are six sorts of Doublings as thus First of Ranks that is when every Rank

be recovered from the Charge the Granadiers must take their Posts as before they were divided Shoulder your Muskets The Pike-men at this word of Command must bring their Pikes to their Thighs to their Advance the Rank of Officers Advancing together before the head of the Battalion two paces Ranks open backward at twelve Foot distance March Rear half Files of Musketiers that doubled to the Right-about as you were March Officers Colours Drums and Hoitboys to your proper Posts March If it so happen that a Battalion be more than once to Fire in Exercise then before you fall on instead of Clubing your Muskets when the first Fireing is over the Musketiers as they March must make Ready and the Pike-men Port noting by the way that every right-hand Man being a Pike-man of each Company must ever march with the Ensign's Pike The Drums must beat the Preparative at what time the first Division draws up either in Battalion or single Company being the most ready way to give notice to the Rear to draw up likewise when the Preparative is beat the Pikes Shouldered are to Advance except the Command be given to the Musketiers to recover their Arms and then the Pikes are to Port but not otherways in drawing up but at the Advance neither must the Ranks close forward or mend their pace in Marching but to draw up as at other times except the Command be given to the Musketiers to recover their Arms or make Ready being the same posture then they are ever to march as has been before directed In Marching by Subdivision what is to be observed IF a long March be designed for a Battalion by Subdivision the Files must be counted and ordered according to the wideness or narrowness of the ways they are to March posting one half of the Captains at the head of the first Subdivision of Shot and the other in the Rear of the last dividing the Lieutenants to every Subdivision of Shot for their better care of them the Colours being likewise divided to march at the head of every Subdivision of Pikes and the Serjeants are always to march on the Flanks never leading or bringing up a Division except Commanded and those Serjeants that are placed at the Rere of a Battalion when drawn up are ever to take care of the Pikes in Marching and in this way of Marching they are to March shouldering in Files but not in such Order as to jostle or incroach upon one another and although at sometimes it may fall out that more Men may be in one Rank than in another yet the Spaces must not be Left but they are to file in Marching shoulder to shoulder the Captains and Officers ever to March with their Pikes under-hand unless it be when they pass by a General Officer or advance before a Guard which they are to Relieve or off the Parade in which Cases they are to shoulder Defiles their Management A Defile properly so termed is a mirey Lane or difficult Place of Passage if it happen withall to be narrow and to make good the Passage you would draw up as soon as you have passed it in order then make the Ranks Files and if the Right the Right-hand man is to File first and the rest of his Rank must follow him then are they to Rank again as they were which proves more advantagious than Files fileing for this Reason viz. Because it presently makes a Front to the Enemy and in case of great Ranks they may File two a Breast beginning with the outermost File-Leaders and if the space will admit that is in large Defiles the Commander may make a Front by Drawing off as appears best to his Discretion Wheeling what it is and how to b● observed c. WHeeling is a Motion in Military Exercise which by turning brings the Head of a Battalion to the Flank ground which is extremely necessary if the Wing of a Battalion be attacked or when you see it advantagious to attack the Enemy in the Flank and on many other occasions as the advantage or disadvantage of War offers But to the purpose The Battalion drawn up the Officer in chief gives the Word of Command March and when the Battalion wheels upon the first Head of the right hand File then it wheels to the Right and when it do's the like upon the Left it wheels to the Left A Quarter Wheeling is termed the first Wheeling as it happens when they take a Compass to possess their own or the Ground left by another Battalion and in all Wheelings such compasses of Ground must be taken as that they leave no gap nor press each other out and to avoid this every Man must take notice of his distance at File the Word of Command being given to Wheel and then if you are to Wheel to the Right be sure to keep that distance from your right-hand Man the Ranks taking great notice of their Leaders closing very quick to the Left in the Rear observing to do the like to the Right if the Battalion wheel to the Left The manner of Wheeling a Battalion or Body when they March in Division The Battalion being upon the March and commanded to Wheel when it is so so ordered to the Right the right hand Man keeps his ground only turning upon his heel whilst the left hand Man moves about with a swift pace till he makes an even Line with the right-hand Man and the Word be given to Stand the second Rank observing not to begin to Wheel till they have taken the ground of the first by which means every Rank is to March successively forward up to their Leader's ground before they attempt to wheel for therein lyes the dexterity of this way of Wheeling The Soldiers before they offer to Wheel must take notice of that hand in Marching to which they are to Wheel for as the Right hand Man is to be noted upon the March when they Wheel to the left so on the contrary the Left-hand Men when they are to Wheel to the Left If the Service requires Wheeling in single Ranks observe The Manner of Wheeling in single Ranks When it is requisite for the Service to wheel in single Ranks for lining or guarding The Words of Command are viz. Ranks to the Right or if to the Left then Ranks to the Left-hand Wheel March The Right or Left-hand Man to which the Wheeling is made being to keep his ground only turning till the Line comes direct the rest being all to Wheel together in one Rank and at the VVord of Command March the Colours must wheel in before the Ranks the Drums taking their Places on the right and left of the Ranks as must the Serjeants observing that they be closed to the right or left without leaving any unseemly Spaces and to Reduce again observe the following Order The manner of Reduction IN doing this the left-hand Man of each Rank must stand and keeping his Ground only turn about to the Left and at

an Enemy's Country c. IF the War be carried into the Enemies Country to besiege or relieve any place whether the Enemy keep the Field or be beaten Caution ought to be had especially in Case of the former nor is it otherwise to be believed but he may Rally again wherefore it behoves the General to March close so that the Army may be in a Condition to open its passage to do which it ought to be divided into little Bodies the Cavalry placed upon the Wings in Front and Rear of the Bodies the Infantry marching in the middle in a gross Battalion the Artillary upon one side guarded by an experienced Regiment and so it happens that an Army never undergoes more difficulty than in an inclosed Country full of VVoods and Rivers especially if in an Enemies Territories where so many difficulties will arise Of marching in a Woody-Country c. THE most probable Advice that can be given in this case is to send the Pioneers supported by Horse and Foot to cut open ways of more easie passage fill up the Ditches and lay over Bridges and to do what else is required getting by Scouts and commanded Parties what Intelligence there can be had and the General not trusting altogether to others must be careful to inform himself and if he meet with a Bridge or difficult Pass defended by Curtains Bastions or any other Heights the Engineers having well viewed it it will be convenient to detach a Party to try whether the River be fordable and these being Horse may carry over each a Foot-man behind them which will more facilitate the Passage but if there be an Eminence to defend it on which Canon are placed then he may raise a cross Battery in the most advantagious place and endeavour to dismount their Cannon but if the Entry be fortified with a Bastion then a commanded Party of resolute Men must be detached to attaque it which must be done suddainly and with much Vigour for that daunts the Enemy when on the other hand delay encourages them to stand out How a General ought to behave himself when he meets with Castles and strong Fortresses in his March TO overcome these Difficulties the Engenier and Marshal De Camp must look out the most advantageous ground to place the Cannon for Battery and observe the Enemies Cannon how they bear as also their Sally Ports c. And if he designs to make himself Master of them he ought to take the most convenient Posts not only to annoy them but to prevent their being Succoured and raise a convenient Battery on the weakest side or that which by the Approbation of the Engenier lies most open to the Attaque causing the ground to be distributed for an Incampment as the Quarter Master General shall think fit and if the place to be forced prove strong Earth must be cast up to secure the Approaches from the Cannon or Shot running Lines Travers-wise and Indenting so that they cannot bear upon those that approach till they come to the breach made by the Batteries or undermining any part where they can charge their Mine and throw down the Wall but if it be not of extraordinary Strength requiring a formal Siege then a resolute Party may be detached from the main Body supported by others with Scaling Ladders Faggots Spades Shovels Pick-Axes c. to fill up a Trench or Ditch whilst the Armed Bands attempt to force the Gates with Petrades or the like Engins or scale the Walls ever maintaining and making good their Posts but in this case the Methods are various as the Service required offers it self more or less difficult and therefore we presume not to give exact Rules for what frequently alters Of Encampments and how they are usually Managed THough the manner of Incamping frequently is attended with some Variation yet to give the young Souldiers an insight in these Affairs will not be unnecessary as to what has been lately practised When an Army or any great Body is to Encamp it is usually disposed in Lines with a Reserve concluding the ground at the same time to be convenient for the so receiving them and if the Lines are but two there ought to be 300 paces distance between them at a yard the Pace and the Squadrons of Horse have for every one five and thirty paces of ground allowed and the like space between the one and the other that so without disorder they may march out if there be any occasion to Ingage As for the Infantry if they Incamp six deep they must have 80 paces at three Foot the pace allowed or more if the Scituation of the ground require it and between the Squadrons of Horse and Battalions of Foot the Line must be forty or fifty paces distant The Artillary ought to be placed upon the first Line of Infantry at such Advantage as may best annoy the Enemy if they come to make any Aattaque The Baggage and Ammunition take their place between the second Line and the Body of the Reserve on the right Hand and the Provisions on the Left or near the Tent of the Commissary General of Provisions The Quarter Master and Serjeants as well Horse as Foot are to pitch their Tents in the Front or Head of their Squadrons or Battalions and the other Officers Tents behind The principal Corps du Gaurd and the Parading place claims to be at the head of the Camp where the Arms Ensigns and Colours are Lodged The Posts of the Horse are on the Wings and the Foot take their Station in the middle and to every Squadron consisting of three Troops and fifty Men in a Troop fifty paces are allowed and every Battalion consisting of 16 Companies and 50 Men in each Company ought to haue 100 paces for their Incampment As for the Dragoons they are not Encamped in the Body of the Army but have their Camp a little separate at the Head or Wings to which the greatest danger seems to threaten as being the out-gaurd for the Army and each Regiment ought to have a Gaurd at the head of their Camp and the Major General for that day is to take care to place the great Gaurd in a convenient place at a distance from off the Army towards any expected Danger which may discover any approach before it come too near and thereby prevent any Surprize for Caution is to be used where Danger is not as well as where it is Remarks upon the Encamping of Horse IN Encamping a Troop if it consist of 100 Men they ought to have 70 Foot in Front allowed them and 200 in depth eight Foot in breadth and 12 in depth must be accounted to two Horse-men to make their Hutts or Barques and the Men and Horses are to be Lodged in two Ranks the Horses heads standing towards the Hutts of their Owners yet between the Hutts and Stables there ought to be an Interval of eight Foot The Captains Tent to be at the head of the Barques of his