houre of his death ¶ I cannot tell saith master Hall whether I should call him a foolish wise man or a wise foolish man for vndoutedlie he beside his learning had a great wit but it was so mingled with taunting and mocking that it seemed to them that best knew him that hée thought nothing to be well spoken except he had ministred some mocke in the communication Insomuch as at his comming to the Tower one of the officers demanded his vpper garment for his fee meaning his gowne and he answered he should haue it and tooke him his cap saieng it was the vppermost garment that he had Likewise euen going to his death at the Tower gate a poore woman called vnto him and be sought him to declare what he had doone with euidences of hirs in the time that he was in office which after he was apprehended shée could not come by and that he would intreat shée might haue them againe or else she was vndoone He answered good woman haue patience a little while for the king is so good vnto me that euen within this halfe houre he will discharge me of all businesse and helpe thée himselfe Also when he went vp the staiers on the scaffold he desired one of the shirifes officers to giue him his hand to helpe him vp and said When I come downe againe let me shift for my selfe as well as I can Also the hangman knéeled downe to him asking him forgiuenesse of his death as the maner is to whome he said I forgiue thée but I promise thee thou shalt neuer haue honestie by striking off my head my necke is so short Also euen when he should laie downe his head on the blocke he hauing a great graie beard stroked out his beard and said to the hangman I praie you let me laie my beard ouer the blocke least you should cut it Thus with a mocke he ended his life God had in most bountifull sort powred his blessings vpon this man induing him with eloquence wisedome and knowledge but the grace of God withdrawne from him he had the right vse of none no not of reason as it should be rightlie vsed God had extraordinarilie blessed his children and namelie his thrée daughters to whome he had giuen an admirable dexteritie in the science of toongs and arts as Iohn Leland our reuerend antiquarie noteth in a proper and learned epigramme saieng Desine facundas nimiùm laudare diserti Natas Hortensi maxima Roma tuiâ— Candida tres Charites nam Mori cura politi Obscurant multis nomina vestra modis Non illis studium Milesia vellera dextra Carpere non facili ducere fila manuâ— Sed iuuat eloquij crebro monumenta Latini Versare doctis pingere verba notis Nec minùs authores Graecos euoluere Homerum Et quem dicendi gloria prima manet Vt nec Aristotelis dicam quo pectore librâ—â— Scrutentur sophiae mystica dona deae Turpe viris posthac erit ignorare Mineruae Artes greâ— adeò quas muliâ—bris amet And yet was not the will of God for the infusing of spirituall graces so linked to that of temporall as because the one was granted therefore the other must not be denied For the blessings of God which be outward are common to the wicked with the good the sun shinesh vpon all the raine is kept from none naie God with a sparing hand reacheth out those things to the faithfull which with full gripes he filleth out and powreth into the laps and bosoms of infidels and epicures insomuch that the prophet Dauid noting no lesse with a kind of indignation opened his mouth saieng I was grieued at the wicked I doo also see the vngodlie in such prosperitie these florish in the world these haue riches in possession and I said Then haue I cleansed my heart in vaine line 10 and washed my hands in innocencie yea and I had almost said euen as they but lo then should I haue condemned the generation of Gods children But the end of these men being set in slipperie places are cast downe and destroied yea suddenlie doo they consume and come to a fearefull end euen like as a dreame when one awaketh so dooth God make their image to vanish out of the citie And albeit the fall of this sir Thomas More was reprochfull issuing from a treasonable offense yet as in pagans manie times there is somwhat which line 20 may teach christians lessons for their lerning to their shame so in this papist was one praise-worthie propertie among the rest most eminent which I will note to the rebuke of protestants ¶ The reuerend father doctor Elmer bishop of London in a sermon at Paules crosse by him made in a solemne audience assembled at the parlement time 1584 teaching diuerse points of doctrine and the duties of sundrie degrées said that it was commendable for noble men and gentlemen and a great furtherance to line 30 the loue of religion to be deuout he brought an example of sir Thomas More a man for his zeale saith the bishop to be honored but for his religion to be abhorred This knight would diuerse times put on a surplesse and helpe the préest in proper person to saie seruice insomuch that vpon a time being at Chelsie and busie about that exercise the duke of Norffolke then liuing came to the said sir Thomas then line 40 lord chancellor of England about speciall affaires and being informed that sir Thomas was at the church thither went the duke expecting the end of seruice In the end the duke and the lord chancellor met and after mutuall gréeting the duke said thus What! is my lord chancellor become a parish clarke What will the kings maiestie saie to this geere when he shall vnderstand that the lord chancellor of England a speciall péere of the realme and in highest roome of honor in the land next the prince is become line 50 a parish clarke Now trulie saith sir Thomas I thinke and verelie beléeue that his highnesse will be so farre to misdéeme or mislike me herein that when he shall heare of the care which I haue to serue both his maister and mine he will accept and take me for a faithfull seruant And thus much of him This yéere in the time that the king went his progresse to Glocester and to other places westward the king of Scots was installed knight of the garter at Winsore by his procurator the lord Erskin line 60 and in October following Stephen Gardner which after the cardinls death was made bishop of Winchester was sent ambassador into France where he remained thrée yeeres after ¶ In August the lord Thomas Fitzgerard sonne to the earle of Kildare was taken in Ireland and sent to the tower of London In the moneth of October doctor Lée and other were sent to visit the abbeies priories and nunries in England who set all those religious persons at libertie that
old fréese cote an old paire of hosen all his apparell not worth foure shillings The same daie came in two of the Culpepers one Cromar Thomas Rampton the duke of Suffolks secretarie The twelfe of Februarie being mondaie about ten of the clocke there went out of the tower to the scaffold on the tower hill the lord Gilford Dudleie sonne to the duke of Northumberland husband to the ladie Iane Greie daughter to the duke of Suffolke and without the bulworke gate maister Thomas Offleie one of the shiriffes of London receiued him and brought him to the scaffold where after a small declaration he knéeled downe and said his praiers Then holding vp his eies hands to heauen with teares at the last he desired the people to praie for him after he was beheaded His bodie being laid in a cart and his head in a cloth was brought into the chappell within the tower where the ladie Iane whose lodging was in maister Patridges house did sée his dead carcasse taken out of the cart as well as she did see him before aliue going to his death a sight as might be supposed to hir worse than death By this time was there a scaffold made vpon the greene ouer against the white tower for the ladie Iane to die vpon who being nothing at all abashed neither with feare of hir owne death which then approched neither with the sight of the dead carcasse of hir husband when he was brought into the chapell came forth the lieutenant leading hir with countenance nothing abashed neither hir eies anie thing moistened with teares with a booke in hir hand wherein she praied vntill she came to the said scaffold Whereon when she was mounted this noble yoong ladie as she was indued with singular gifts both of learning and knowledge so was she as patient and mild as anie lambe at hir execution and a little before hir death vttered these words The words of the ladie Iane at hir death on a scaffold vpon the greene ouer against the white tower GOod people I am come hither to die and by a law I am condemned to the same My offense against the queenes highnes was onelie in consent to the deuice of other which now is deemed treason but it was neuer of my seeking but by counsell of those who should seeme to haue further vnderstanding of things than I which knew little of the law and much lesse of the titles to the crowne But touching the procurement and desire therof by me or on my behalfe I doo wash my hands in innocencie thereof before God and the face of all you good christian people this daie And therwith she wroong hir hands wherin she had hir booke Then said she I praie you all good christian people to beare me witnesse that I die a true christian woman that I looke to be saued by none other meanes line 10 but onelie by the mercie of God in the bloud of his onelie sonne Iesus Christ I confesse that when I did know the word of God I neglected the same loued my selfe and the world and therefore this plague and punishment is iustlie worthilie happened vnto me for my sins yet I thanke God of his goodnesse that he hath giuen me a time and respit to repent And now line 20 good people while I am aliue I praie you assist me with your praiers Then knéeling downe she said the pâ—alme of Miserere mei Deus in English and then stood vp and gaue hir maid called mistresse Ellin hir gloues and handkercher and hir booke she also gaue to maister Bridges then lieutenant of the tower and so vntied hir gowne and the executioner pressed to helpe hir off with it but she desired him to let hir alone and line 30 turned hir toward hir two gentlewomen who helped hir off therewith and wish hir other attires and they gaue hir a faire handkercher tâ—â—ut about hir eies Then the executioner knéeled dâ—wne and asked hir forgiuenesse whom she forgaue most willinglie Then he willed hir to stand vpon the straw which doone she saw the blocke then she said I praie you dispatch me quicklie Then she knéeled downe saieng Will you take it off before I laie me down Whervnto the executioner answered No madam Then tied she the handkercher about hir eies and féeling for the blocke she said Where is it where is it One of the standers by guided hir therevnto and she laid downe hir head vpon the blocke and then stretched forth hir bodie and said Lord into thy hands I commend my spirit and so finished hir life ¶ This was the end of the lord Gilford and the ladie Iane whose deaths were the more hastened for feare of further troubles and sturs for hir title like as hir father had attempted line 50 Thus as saith maister Fox were beheaded two innocents in comparison of them that sat vpon them for they did but ignorantlie accept that which the others had willinglie deuised and by open proclamation consented to take from others and giue to them And verelie how vnwilling she was to take it vpon hir there are yet liuing that can testifie Iudge Morgan now that gaue the sentence against hir shortlie after fell mad and in his rauing cried continuallie to haue the ladie Iane taken awaie from him and so ended his life ¶ Touching this ladie line 60 Iane in the high commendation of hir godlie mind I find this report in maister Foxes appendix to his Acts and Monuments namelie that being on a time when she was verie yoong at Newhall in Essex at the ladie Maries was by one ladie Anne Wharton desired to walke and they passing by the chapell the ladie Wharton made low curtsie to the popish sacrament hanging on the altar Which when the ladie Iane saw maruelled why she did so and asked hir whether the ladie Marie were there or not Unto whome the ladie Wharton answered no but she said that she made hir curtsie to him that made vs all Why quoth the ladie Iane how can he be there that made vs all and the baker made him This hir answer comming to the ladie Maries eare she did neuer loue hir after as is crediblie reported but estéemed hir as the rest of that christian profession In further witnesse of which good ladies disposition both to God and the world besides the verses of certeine learned men extant to hir praise these following were found written by hir owne hand with a pin Non aliena putes homini quae obtingere possunt Sors 〈◊〉 mihi tunc erit illa tibi Iane Dudley Deo iuuante nil nocet liuor malus Et non iuuante nil iuuat labor graâ—is Post tenebras spero videre lucem Upon saâ—urdaie being the seuentéenth of Februarie the duke of Suffolke was arreigned at Westminster and there condemned to die by his péeres the earle of Arundell being that daie chiefe iudge Where some haue
peraduenture seruants that haue béene papists with whom I haue borne but I take God to witnesse I am line 10 none I vtterlie defie the pope and his religion and I hope to be saued onlie by my faith in Iesus Christ and I vtterlie abhorre all mans traditions And if at anie time I did giue countenance to anie papist whereby anie goodman or the church was offended I aske them mercie there is no man that alloweth better of this religion than I doo Then he was desired againe to be short Now touching the goodnesse of the queenes maiestie I am much bound to hir grace I doo thanke hir humblie for that she hath line 20 forgiuen all my offenses and hath prolonged my life so long You sée how good she hath béen to me I haue béene looked for here long before this time God send hir long ouer you to reigne she hath promised me to be gratious to my poore orphan children God grant my death maie end all troubles And if anie of you haue anie one faction or two or thrée or mo let him giue ouer forsake it Manie wish and desire diuerse things but they know not what they wish They seeke their owne destruction If euerie man should line 30 haue his wish God knoweth how manie would repent whatsoeuer they are The quéene hath promised in my death to forgiue all and I praie God that she maie liue manie yeeres I remember well the words of that good father and holie martyr Latimer He told the people that for their wickednesse God would take awaie his blessing from them I praie God the contrarie that your good life maie be such that God maie turne awaie those plagues that he hath thretned He spake it in an line 40 honorable place in the pulpit before king Edward yet let not this place discredit my words I praie God preserue the quéens maiestie and that she maie liue and reigne ouer you manie yeares euen to the worlds end which I beléeue that some one aliue shall sée Then he knéeled downe and praied and master Nowell knéeled downe by him and wept with manie others His praier was vnto God for the continuance of the truth of his gospell he praied also instantlie for the quéenes most prosperous reigne and line 50 knéeling vpon his knees he said two psalms to wit Miserere and Domine ne in furore and in the first psalme he praied to build the wals of Ierusalem according to the psalme Master Nowell said That is meant of Christs church I know that well said he I meane not the church of Rome I abhorre it but the church of England and of all the world wheresoeuer it be I haue forgotten one thing I thanke thée God that hast put me in mind of it I forgiue all the world and I aske all the world forgiuenesse and I protest line 60 before God if I knew anie particular man I had offended I would namelie aske him forgiuenesse Then he read the other psalme wherein adulterie is mentioned and when he came to that point he said I would I were as cleare in euerie thing as in that sauing for thought and that is as euill Then he said a collect and in the end he said In manus tuas Domine c in Latine and English And then he desired the people to praie for him while he liued for quoth he I looke not to haue anie excuse after my death Then he imbrased sir Henrie Leie and after a few secret words betweene them Master Nowell stood vp and said to the people He dooth desire you all with one voice to saie Lord haue mercie vpon him and after to saie no more words nor to make anie shout or shritching for troubling of him in his last visitation Then the duke knéeled downe and master Nowell bowed himselfe towards him with manie imbrasings and tooke there leaue each of other Then the executioner desired him knéeling to forgiue him and he tooke him by the hand and forgaue him and then requested sight of the axe Master Nowell said The sight will trouble you He answered No let me see it but he shewed it not then he laied his necke vpon the blocke Then the executioner said My lord your head lieth not well I will make it lie well saith he therewith lifting vp his bodie he laid his necke euen vpon the blocke which doone it was cut cleane off at one stroke This was the end of the duke of Northfolke a man whose life God had limited as also the estate wherein he sometimes flourished both which as all things else in a short time vanished Let all degrées therefore learne both by precept and example to know God principallie secondlie their souereigne Gods annointed and finallie themselues to be subiects forgetting their owne honour which puffeth men vp manie times with the wind of vainglorie euen to their owne ouerthrow whilest they become insolent and dreame that the transitorie aduancements of this world will make them princes princes péeres naie O monstrous madnesse gods whereas all things are mutable and momentanie and the higher that a man dooth clime the greater is his fall as verie aptlie saith the poet in these words Hoc fragili varijs voluuntur casibus orbe Omnia celsa ruit turris grauiore ruina The discourse and catalog of all the dukes of England by creation or descent since the time of the conquest TWo sentences the one an Italian prouerbe the other an old English byword haue mooued me to make this collection at the request of an other of all the dukes of England First the Italian said that France cannot abide anie treasurors England anie dukes nor Scotland anie kings the truth wherof need no confirming examples to be set downe sith as saith the philosopher things subiect to the sense néed no further proofe Secondlie the English saieng hath been that a Nag of fiue shillings shall beare all the dukes of England Scotland being spoken in no sense of disgrace to that honorable title but onelie to shew that the time should come wherein there should be no dukes in England or Scotland How true the same is in England and likelie againe to be in Scotland being once before verified in that realme for about fiue years past there was no duke there also when the duke of Lineux was banished euerie man dooth well perceiue For the death of this Thomas duke of Northfolke being the last of that honour hath iustified the same in England And the turmoils in Scotland may perhaps shortlie verifie the same in that countrie in which there were neuer so few dukes as that they cannot make the first and smallest number for being but one in that countrie and he verie yoong which is the duke of Lineux if he should miscarie the same would againe also be as true there as it is now héere For which cause to perpetuat the memories of such antiquities and titles
of God you haue no more to doo but to communicat in the pretious bodie of our Lord it is here readie would you not gladlie haue line 40 it I will cause you easilie to vse it He answered yes Then taking the holie sacrament I began to saie vnto him My Lord Iesus the heauenlie word and euerlasting sonne of God in old time inuisible did in the end visiblie manifest himselfe to the world in humane flesh by taking vpon him our visible and passible nature but because he was not perpetuallie to remaine in this humane vale reuiuing and ascending into heauen we had him no longer to touch and handle carnallie and visiblie And therefore to line 50 the end not to faile of his promise that he would be still with vs vntill the consummation of the world he hath giuen vs inuisiblie his pretious bodie bloud vnder these holie signes and sacraments that by the communion in such and so pretious a gift we might be strengthened in his loue through his grace be defended against all temptations stumbling blocks of our saluation like as Elias who in the strength of the food for him miraculouslie ordeined after his sléepe trauelled long iournies euen vntill he did sée line 60 God Receiue therefore this signe and testimonie of the remission of your sinnes and when you shall be presented before the maiestie of God it shall be vnto you a badge and token that you belong vnto him Then lifting vp his eies and looking all about him this good prince opened his mouth which presentlie I moistened with his drinke so gaue him the holie sacrament and againe powred in some of his drinke to swallow it withall which he did both deuoutlie and couragiouslie insomuch that afterward he did eat speake better than he had doone all the night morning before to the great contentation of all the â—ompanie in whose presence I did againe exhort him saieng Now my lord behold you are armed with the cheefe of all your desire I beséech you comfort your selfe in the Lord. It is a great fauour that he hath shewed you in making you as it appeareth inheritor vnto the faith pietie and christianitie of the kings of France whose faith and descent you doo hold Let your soule now reâ—oise yea although you should now die Thinke what a contentation vnto you it shall be to be discharged from so manie worldlie affaires what a pleasure to exchange this mortall life for an immortall glorious and perdurable life feare no lets the waie is alreadie beaten alreadie are they passed the same whose greatnesse faith you doâ— insue The patriarchs doo tarie for you the prophets doo call you the apostles doo stretch foorth their armes vnto you the martyrs doo inuite you the confessors doo solicit you the virgins doo giue you place all the saincts doo looke for you We haue discharged all the duties of faithfull seruants and such as loue you hartilie And hauing thus spoken with a demand or two made and their answers added Berson being the mouth of the residue said of the monsieur drawing on that they meaning himselfe and the companie present waited but for the houre of his death yet had he one houre and a halfe to liue So soone as we were goone he desired to haue his head laid lower his chamberleine immediatlie called to vs for helpe suddenlie he gaue vp the ghost my selfe Iames Berson at the dissolution of his sweet soule from his louelie bodie vsing these words Go and passe on christian soule and returne to him that hath created thée c. He went awaie so swéetlie that it could hardlie be perceiued insomuch that some who could not be persuaded that he was dead for his eies were open and cléere and his countenance no whit changed held a looking glasse to his mouth but there was no signe of life others féeling his pulses imagined they did beat but that was bicause they were strained euen to the nailes ends At this word He is gone oh what pitie oh God what tears what sighes what sobs all was dissolued into howling and cries those that in armor were forwardest were now readiest in teares sundrie swooned in the chamber at the sound hereof the towne quaked the castell sounded most lamentable voices yea my selfe hauing lost all courage was forced to open the poole of my head and to vnstop the gate of my hart to the end with teares and lamentations to discharge that affection which I bare vnto him About foure of the clocke when all were departed I tooke the linnen wherein he was lapped from about the bodie of this good prince then did I laie and order it honestlie and with reuerence handled it some of vs also had so good hap as to kisse his hands head Oh my good lord and master neuer durst I haue béene so bold had it not beene for the confidence you reposed in me alas whie was it so late befoâ—e I did know you to serue you so small a time Infinitlie am I forced to print you in my remembrance ingraue you in my soule and to burie you in my hart for that you vouchsafed to make mine eares gardians of that which rested in your conscience Mourne mourne with me my masters and all ye the officers of his house we haue lâ—st the best master in the world for euer shall the tenth daie of Iune beare witnesse of our mishap hereafter shall we neuer vpon that daie haue occasion to hold merie feast betwéene twelue and one of the clocke the houre of the decease of so desired a prince The yeare 1584 is indéed a yeare of reuoluâ—â—on France France quarter thine armes in 〈◊〉 of lions sow in teares for the Lord taketh from vs all our noble honorable and taketh the good to depriue vs of them for my part I will beare thee companie Moreouer for his trespasses I doo giue him flowres and for his bodie in ashes the lamentations of Flanders at the least I inherit in his right an example of vertue accounting my selfe infinitlie bounden vnto their maiesties who gaue me to doo the seruice apperteining to my ministerie vnto a prince that loued me so much and in whose house all men honored me whose orator I doo most deuoutlie rest desiring them to haue line 10 patience though for recompense they haue no more but my selfe Requiescat in pace This is all that we purposed to saie touching the monsieur hauing omitted much that is not communicable now will we turne our pen vpon passage to England noting occurrents of our owne The thirtéenth daie of Ianuarie in the parish of Ermitage in a place called Blacke more in Dorsetshire a peece of ground conteining thrée acres remooued from the place where it was first planted and was caried cleane ouer an other close where alder line 20 and willow trées grew the space of fortie goad euerie goad conteining fiftéene foot and hath stopped
that he did sweare to me at diuerse times that all the aduancement she could giue should serue but for hir scourge if euer time and occasion should serue and that although he would not laie hand vpon hir in a corner his hart serued him to strike off hir head in the field Now leauing him to himselfe thus much to make an end I must confesse of my sefe I did meane to trie what might be doone in parlement to doo my best to hinder all hard courses to haue praied hearing of the queenes maiestie to mooue hir if I could to take compassion vpon hir catholike subiects and when all had failed to doo as I intended If hir maiestie by this course would haue eased them though she had neuer preferred me I had with all comfort and patience borne it 13 but if she had preferred me without ease or care of them the enterprise had held ¶ God preserue the quéene incline hir mercifull hart to forgiue me this desperat purpose and to take my head with all my hart for hir better satisfaction line 10 W. Parrie After which for the better manifesting of his treasons on the fouretéenth of Februarie last past there was a letter written by him to hir maiestie verie voluntarilie all of his owne hand without anie motion made to him The tenor whereof for that which concerneth these his traitorous dealings is as followeth line 20 A letter written by Parrie to hir maiestie YOur maiestie maie see by my voluntarie confession the dangerous fruits of a discontented mind how constantlie I pursued my first conceiued purpose in Venice for the releefe of the afflicted catholikes continued it in Lions and resolued in Paris to put it in aduenture for the restitution line 30 of England to the ancient obedience of the see apostolike You maie see withall how it is commended allowed and warranted in conscience diuinitie and policie by the pope and some great diuines though it be true or likelie that most of our English diuines lesse practised in matters of this weight doo vtterlie mislike and condemne it The enterprise is preuented and conspiracie discouered by an honourable gentleman my kinsman and late familiar friend maister Edmund Neuill priuie line 40 and by solemne oth taken vpon the bible partie to the matter wherof I am hardlie glad but now sorie in my verie soule that euer I conceiued or intended it how commendable or meritorious so euer I thought it God thanke him and forgiue me who would not now before God attempt it if I had libertie and oportunitie to doo it to gaine your kingdome I beseech Christ that my death and example maie as well satisfie your maiestie and the world as it shall glad and content me line 50 The queene of Scotland is your prisoner let hir be honourablie intreated but yet surelie garded The French king is French you know it well enough you will find him occupied when he should doo you good he will not loose a pilgrimage to saue you a crowne I haue no more to saie at this time but that with my hart soule I doo now honour loue you am inwardlie sorie for mine offense and readie to make you amends by my death and patience Discharge me A culpa but not A poena good ladie And line 60 so farewell most gratious and the best natured and qualified queene that euer liued in England From the Tower the fourteenth of Februarie one thousand fiue hundred eightie and foure W. Parrie After which to wit the eightéenth of Februarie last past Parrie in further acknowledging his wicked and intended treasons wrote a letter all of his owne hand in like voluntarie maner to the lord treasuror of England and the earle of Leicester lord steward of hir maiesties house the tenor wherof is as followeth William Parries letter to the lord treasuror and the earle of Leicester MY lords now that the conspiracie is discouered the fault confessed my conscience cleared and mind prepared patientlie to suffer the paines due for so hainous a crime I hope it shall not offend you if crieng Miserere with the poore publicane I leaue to despaire with curssed Caine. My case is rare and strange and for anie thing I can remember singular a naturall subiect solemnlie to vow the death of his naturall queene so borne so knowne and so taken by all men for the releefe of the afflicted catholikes and restitution of religion The matter first conceiued in Venice the seruice in generall words presented to the pope continued and vndertaken in Paris and lastlie commended and warranted by his holinesse digested and resolued in England if it had not beene preuented by accusation or by hir maiesties greater lenitie and more gratious vsage of hir catholike subiects This is my first and last offense conceiued against my prince or countrie and dooth I cannot denie conteine all other faults whatsoeuer It is now to be punished by death or most gratiouslie beyond all common expectation to be pardoned Death I doo confesse to haue deserued life I doo with all humilitie craue if it may stand with the queenes honor and policie of the time To leaue so great a treason vnpunished were strange to drawe it by death in example were dangerous a sworne seruant to take vpon him such an enterprise vpon such a ground and by such a warrant hath not beene seene in England to indict him arreigne him bring him to the scaffold and to publish his offense can doo no good to hope that he hath more to discouer than is confessed or that at his execution he will vnsaie anie thing he hath written is in vaine to conclude that it is impossible for him in time to make some part of amends were verie hard and against former experience The question then is whether it be better to kill him or least the matter be mistaken vpon hope of his amendment to pardon him For mine owne opinion though parciall I will deliuer you my conscience The case is good queene Elisabeths the offense is committed against hir sacred person and she may of hir mercie pardon it without preiudice to anie Then this I say in few words as a man more desirous to discharge his troubled conscience than to liue Pardon poore Parrie and releeue him for life without liuing is not fit for him If this may not be or be thought dangerous or dishonorable to the queenes maiestie as by your fauors I thinke it full of honor and mercie then I beseech your lordships and no other once to heare me before I be indicted and afterwards if I must die humblie to intreat the queenes maiestie to hasten my triall and execution which I praie God with all my heart may prooue as honorable to hir as I hope it shall be happie to me who will while I liue as I haue doone alwaies praie to Iesus Christ for hir maiesties long and prosperous reigne From the
it greeueth me I could not leaue the same to posteritie as I wished to their well deserued praise But I haue here imparted what I could learne and craue that it may be taken in good part My speech is plaine without any rhetoricall shew of eloquence hauing rather a regard to simple truth than to decking words I wish I had beene furnished with so perfect instructions and so many good gifts that I might haue pleased all kinds of men but that same being so rare a thing in any one of the best I beseech thee gentle reader not to looke for it in me the meanest But now for thy further instruction to vnderstand the course of these my labours First concerning the historie of England as I haue collected the same out of manie and sundrie authors in whome what contrarietie negligence and rashnesse sometime is found in their reports I leaue to the discretion of those that haue perused their works for my part I haue in things doubtfull rather chosen to shew the diuersitie of their writings than by ouer-ruling them and vsing a peremptorie censure to frame them to agree to my liking leauing it neuerthelesse to each mans iudgement to controll them as he seeth cause If some-where I shew my fansie what I thinke and that the same dislike them I craue pardon speciallie if by probable reasons or plainer matter to be produced they can shew mine errour vpon knowledge whereof I shall be readie to reforme it accordinglie Where I doo begin the historie from the first inhabiâ—ation of this I le I looke not to content ech mans opinion concerning the originall of them that first peopled it and no maruell for in matters so vncerteine if I cannot sufficientlie content my selfe as in deed I cannot I know not how I should satisfie others That which seemeth to me most likelie I haue noted beseeching the learned as I trust they will in such points of doubtfull antiquities to beare with my skill sith for ought I know the matter is not yet decided among the learned but still they are in controuersie about it and as yet Sub iudice lis est Well howsoeuer it came first to be inhabited likelie it is that at the first the whole Ile was vnder one prince and gouernour though afterwards and long peraduenture before the Romans set any foot within it the monarchie thereof was broken euen when the multitude of the inhabitants grew to be great and ambition entred amongst them which hath brought so manie good policies and states to ruine and decaie The Romans hauing once got possession of the continent that faceth this I le could not rest as it appeareth till they had brought the same also vnder their subiection and the sooner doubtlesse by reason of the factions amongst the princes of the land which the Romans through their accustomed skill could turne verie well to their most aduantage They possessed it almost fiue hundreth yeares and longer might haue doone if either their insufferable tyrannie had not taken awaie from them the loue of the people as well here as else-where either that their ciuill discord about the chopping and changing of their emperours had not so weakened the forces of their empire that they were not able to defend the same against the irruption of barbarous nations But as we may coniecture by that which is found in histories about that time in which the Romane empire began to decline this land stood in verie weake state being spoiled of the most part of all hir able men which were led awaie into forren regions to supplie the Romane armies and likewise perhaps of all necessarie armour weapon and treasure which being perceiued of the Saxons after they were receiued into the I le to aid the Britons against the Scots and Picts then inuading the same ministred to them occasion to attempt the second conquest which at length they brought to passe to the ouerthrow not onelie of the British dominion but also to the subuersion of the Christian religion here in this land which chanced as appeareth by Gildas for the wicked sins and vnthankefulnesse of the inhabitants towards God the cheefe occasions and causes of the transmutations of kingdoms Nam propter peccata regna transmutantur à gente in gentem The Saxons obteining possession of the land gouerned the same being diuided into sundrie kingdoms and hauing once subdued the Britons or at the least-wise remooued them out of the most part of the I le into od corners and mountaines fell at diuision among themselues and oftentimes with warre pursued ech other so as no perfect order of gouernement could be framed nor the kings grow to any great puissance either to mooue warres abroad or sufficientlie to defend themselues against forren forces at home as manifestlie was perceiued when the Danes and other the Northeasterne people being then of great puissance by sea began miserablie to afflict this land at the first inuading as it were but onelie the coasts and countries lieng neere to the sea but afterwards with maine armies they entred into the midle parts of the land And although the English people at length came vnder one king and by that meanes were the better able to resist the enimies yet at length those Danes subdued the whole and had possession thereof for a time although not long but that the crowne returned againe to those of the Saxon line till shortlie after by the insolent dealings of the gouernours a diuision was made betwixt the king and his people through iust punishment decreed by the prouidence of the Almightie determining for their sinnes and contempt of his lawes to deliuer them into the hands of a stranger and therevpon when spite and enuie had brought the title in doubt to whom the right in succession apperteined the Conquerour entred and they remained a prey to him and his who plucked all the heads and cheefe in authoritie so cleerelie vp by the roots as few or none of them in the end was left to stand vp against him And herewith altering the whole state he planted such lawes and ordinances as stood most for his auaile and securitie which being after qualified with more milde and gentle lawes tooke such effect that the state hath euer sithens continued whole and vnbroken by wise and politike gouernement although disquieted sometime by ciuill dissention to the ruine commonlie of the first moouers as by the sequele of the historie you may see For the historie of Scotland I haue for the more part followed Hector Boece Iohannes Maior and Iouan Ferreri Piemontese so far as they haue continued it interlaced somtimes with other authours as Houeden Fourdon and such like although not often bicause I meant rather to deliuer what I found in their owne histories extant than to correct them by others leauing that enterprise to their owne countrimen so that whatsoeuer ye read in the same consider that a Scotishman writ it and an Englishman hath but onelie translated it
which king Henrie the sonne had conceiued against his father was so ripened that it could not but burst out and shew it selfe to the breach of all dutifull obedience which nature requireth of a sonne towards his father You haue heard how king Henrie promised the earle of Morienne when the marriage was concluded betwixt his son Iohn and the said earles daughter to giue vnto the said Iohn certeine townes in line 60 Normandie for the better mainteining of his estate and his wiues This gift of the fathers caused his eldest sonne the yong king Henrie the sooner to powre out his poison which he had sucked before at his being with his father in law king Lewes For conceiuing an offense that his father should giue away any portion of his inheritance he would not condescend to any such gifts but alledged that sithens he was king of England and that all belonged to him his father could not now haue any title to giue awaie that which did in no wise apperteine vnto him There was another cause that troubled his mind also and mooued him to grudge at his father which was for that the proportion of his allowance for maintenance of his houshold and port was verie slender and yet more slenderlie paied Also his father remooued from him certeine of his seruants as Astulfe de S. Hilarie and other whome he suspected to giue him euill counsell Wherefore those that were procurers of him to attempt the seizing of the gouernement into his hands vpon this occasion slept not but put into his head such matter that at length he openlie demanded to haue the whole rule committed to him which when he saw would not be obteined of his father by quiet meanes he fled secretlie awaie vnto his father in law king Lewes requiring aid of him to recouer his right which king Henrie the elder vniustlie deteined from him The French king comforted him and bad him be of good cheare for he ment to doo for him all that in him laie Herewith he proclaimed him duke of Normandie and receiued homage of him for the same King Henrie the father vnderstanding that his sonne was thus fled to the French king sent ambassadours foorthwith to the same king requiring him to giue his son some good wholesome counsell that he might repent and not follow such wilfulnesse of mind in swaruing from his fathers freendship but rather with spéed to returne home againe to promise in his name that if any thing were otherwise than well he would be contented the same should be reformed by his order and correction But so farre was king Lewes from meaning to set a quietnesse betwixt the father and the sonne that he would not heare the ambassadors declare their message bicause they named the father king to the derogation of the sonnes right to whome he said he offered manifest wrong in vsurping the gouernement which he had alreadie giuen ouer and resigned Insomuch that when the ambassadours had declared some part of their message he asked them what he was that willed such things of him and when they answered that the king of England had sent them with that message That is a false lie saith he for behold here is the king of England who hath giuen you no commission to declare any message from him vnto me at all ¶ Here we sée philautie or selfe-loue which rageth in men so preposterouslie that euen naturall dutie and affection quite forgotten they vndertake what mischéefe soeuer commeth next to hand without exception of place or person and all for the maintenance of statelie titles of loftie stiles of honorable names and such like vanities more light than thistle-downe that flieth in the aire A vice that hath beene noted to reigne in all ages among all péeres and people of all nations both at home and abroad as one verie well noteth and giueth his verdict therevpon saieng proh dij nunc nomina tantùm Magnifica claros titulos sibi quilibet optat Arrogat affectat sequitur rapit vt meritò iam Et 〈◊〉 asinus pardum vocet formica leonem Quid tituli illustres praeclaráque nomina prosunt Quae citò mors rapit lethaeas mergit in vndas King Henrie the father perceiuing hereby that warres would follow prepared the best he could for his owne defense but he was in great doubt on euerie side not knowing whome he might trust And to increase this mischéefe his wife quéene Elianor studied to mainteine the strife betwixt hir sonnes The yoong king then getting an armie togither entred into Guian King Henrie was not hastie to go against him but sought rather with gentlenesse and all courteous meanes to reconcile him insomuch that whereas diuerse graue personages being of the yoong kings counsell and doubting to runne into the displeasure of his father reuolted from the sonne to the father and brought with them the sonnes seale which he vsed in sealing of letters Howbeit the father receiued them not but sent them backe againe to his sonne commanding them to continue faithfull in seruing him as he should appoint them and herewith he sent ambassadours vnto his sonne to entreate with him of peace and concord Now whilest the father went about to asswage the sonnes displeasure the mother queene Elianor did what she could to pricke him forward in his disobedient attempts For she being enraged against line 10 hir husband bicause he kept sundrie concubines and therefore delited the lesse in hir companie cared not what mischéefe she procured against him Herevpon she made hir complaint so greeuouslie vnto hir sons Richard and Geffrey that they ioined with their brother against their father came to him into Guien to aid him to the vttermost of their powers ¶ This may well séeme to be brought vpon the king as a plague of his incontinent vnchast and libidinous life who hauing Chara coniugij pignora a notable motiue to kindle and continue honest loue in line 20 wedlocke did notwithstanding most inordinatlie abandon his bodie to beastlie and vnlawfull companie kéeping with strange flesh Note heere how God stirreth vp the wife of his owne bosome the sonnes descending of his owne loines to be thornes in his eies and godes in his sides for profaning so diuine and holie an ordinance which the verie pagans did so honour and reuerence that they did not onlie giue precepts touching the due obseruation thereof but denounced vndoubted vengeance for the violation line 30 of the same as appeareth in this old testimonie Patrat ingreditur quicunque cubilia fratris Vxorem maculans sancta cubilia stupro Hunc pater ipse deûm Saturnius odit ipsi Hunc malè dij vexant c. But we will remit this to the readers consideration and note the issue of this mischéefe now broched The yoong king reioising that he had his brethren thus on his side readie to take his part became more line 40 stout
the more assurance therof he renewed his fealtie in receiuing an oth vpon the holie euangelists Which doone king Henrie went into Britaine with an armie and woone the castell of Mountreleis by siege which one Henrie de Lions and one Guinemer his brother had gotten into their hands after the deceasse of Geffrey earle of Britaine line 50 This yeare the twentie of October the citie of Chichester was almost wholie consumed to ashes by mischance of fire The head church with the bishops palace and the houses of the canons were burnt euen downe to the ground After this king Henrie held his Christmasse at Caen from whence he went to Harfleet and there taking the sea passed ouer into England The French king hearing by and by of his departure assembled a great armie and threatned to destroie the countrie of Normandie and other line 60 lands on that side the sea except king Henrie would deliuer into his hands the towne of Gisors with the appurtenances or cause his sonne Richard earle of Poictou to take to wife his sister Alice according to his promise When king Henrie was aduertised hereof he turned with all speed into Normandie that he might prouide for timelie resistance if the French king came forward to inuade his dominions About the selfe same time came newes out of the holie land that Saladine after the winning of Ierusalem pursued his victorie with such successe that he had taken from the christians the more part of all other towns and strengths within the land These newes were nothing pleasant to the christian princes and namelie the two kings Henrie and Philip séemed sorowfull for the same and therefore came to an enterview togither on the 21. day of Ianuarie betwixt Trie and Gisors where the archbishop of Tire was present through whose earnest exhortation the two kings were made freends and the same day receiued the crosse at his hands in purpose to make a iourneie togither against those Saracens that had doone such iniuries to the christian name And for a difference that one nation might be knowne from an other the French king and his people tooke vpon them to weare read crosses the king of England and his subiects white crosses but the earle of Flanders and his men ware gréene Herewith they departed asunder each one repairing to their countries to prouide their armies and make them in a readinesse to set forward by a day towards this necessarie iournie King Henrie comming to Chinon by aduise of his councell ordeined that euerie one of his subiects should yeeld a tenth part of his reuenues and mooueable goods for that yeare towards the aid of them in the holie land corne of that yeares growth excepted and also all armour horsses bookes apparell ornaments of chappels and pretious stones which should not come in the rate of goods now taxed nor be charged with this paiment Moreouer those knights and men of warre that were appointed to go in this iourneie paied nothing but had that monie also towards their furniture which were gathered of their tenants and farmers howbeit burgesses and others that tooke vpon them the crosse without licence of their lords paied his tenth so that none of them went free There were also good orders deuised both for the aduancement of Gods glorie and the releefe of the common-wealth as that no man should sweare in any outragious maner that no man should plaie at cards dice or tables and that no maner of person after Easter should weare any costlie furs or cloth of scarlet nor that men should vse to haue their tables serued with more than two dishes of meat at one meale nor should haue their apparell cut iagged or laced and further that none of them should take any women foorth with them in this iourneie except such a landresse of whome there might not growe anie suspicion of wanton life It was also ordeined that the monie of such as died in this iournie should go towards the finding and maintenance of their seruants and of poore people and towards the aid of the christians in the holie land Moreouer the pope granted that all those that went foorth in this iournie repenting and confessing their sinnes should be absolued and pardoned of the same The king hauing thus taken order for his businesse in the parts on the further side the sea came now ouer into England againe landing at Winchelsey on a saturday the thirtith day of Ianuarie and calling a councell togither at Gaitington which is eight or nine miles from Northampton he there declared what orders he had taken for his iournie into the holie land Wherevpon the bishops of Norwich and Lincolne and a great number of other people tooke vpon them the crosse at the preaching of the archbishop of Canturburie and the bishop of Rochester This doone king Henrie tooke order also for the leuieng of the tenth as well here in England as he had doone in the parts subiect to him on the further side the sea He also sent Hugh bishop of Durham and other both spirituall and temporall persons vnto William king of Scots to gather the tenth likewise within his countrie but he met them betwixt Wâ—rk and Brightham and would not suffer them to enter into Scotland but he offered to giue vnto the king of England in recompense of the tenths and for to haue againe his castels the summe of 5000. marks of siluer which could not be accepted The French king likewise gathered the tenths in his countrie towards this intended iournie But by the working of some wicked spirit as we may well thinke which enuied the aduancement of the christian common-wealth that good meaning of the two kings was broken and disappointed for the peace latelie concluded betwixt them continued not long vnuiolated line 10 The French writers impute the fault thereof vnto English men and the English writers laie it to French men The French writers say that earle Richard the son of king Henrie in breach of the league made warre vpon Reimond earle of Tholouze The English writers reproue the French king as a wicked man in that he should of purpose breake the peace and moue warre against king Henrie to withdraw him from going to make warre against the Saracens to the which enterprise he was wholie line 20 bent and inclined Such is the maner of manie writers who more affectionat to the loue of their countrie than to the truth doo not obserue the law of histories in their writings but rather inueie one against another in a bralling and reprouing maner ¶ Examples hereof are more than by any possibilitie may be remembred and namelie for breuitie sake George Bucchanan in the 8. booke of his Scotish historie verie reprochfullie speaketh of Richard Grafton a right reuerend man whiles he liued and line 30 of entier name also being dead charging him with ignorance and the report of a shamelesse lier
almightie God to his church and to the ministers of the same all the daies of his life Also that he should exercise vpright iustice to the people committed to his charge and that he should abrogate and disanull all euill lawes and wrongfull customes if anie were to be found within the precinct of his realme and mainteine those that were good and laudable This doone he put off all his garments from the middle vpwards his shirt excepted which was open on the shoulders that he might be annointed The archbishop of Canturburie annointed him then in thrée places to wit on the head on the shoulders and on the right arme with praiers in such case accustomed After this he couered his head with a linnen cloth hallowed and set his cap aloft thereon and then when he had put on his roiall garments and vppermost robe the archbishop tooke vnto him the sword wherewith he should beat downe the enimies of the church which doone two earles put his shooes vpon his feet and hauing his mantell put on him the archbishop forbad him on the behalfe of almightie God not to presume to take vpon him this dignitie except he faithfullie meant to performe those things which he had there sworne to performe Wherevnto the king made answer that by Gods grace he would performe them Then the king tooke the crowne beside the altar and deliuered it to the archbishop which he set vpon the kings head deliuering to him the scepter to hold in his right hand and the rod roiall in his left hand thus being crowned he was brought backe by the bishops and barons with the crosse and candelsticks and three swords passing foorth before him vnto his seat When the bishop that sang the masse came to the offertorie the two bishops that brought him to the church led him to the altar and brought him backe againe Finallie when masse was doone and all things ended in order as was requisit he was brought with solemne procession into his chamber where he put off his heauie rich apparell and put on a crowne and other garments more light and easie and so went to dinner whereat wanted no store of meats drinks which were serued out in most princelie and bountifull wise Upon this daie of king Richards coronation the Iewes that dwelt in London and in other parts of the realme being there assembled had but sorie hap as it chanced For they meaning to honour the same coronation with their presence and to present to the king some honorable gift wherby they might declare themselues glad for his aduancement and procure his freendship towards them for the confirming of their priueleges liberties according to the grants and charters made to them by the former kings he of a zealous mind to Christes religion abhorring their nation and doubting some sorcerie by them to be practised commanded that they should not come within the church when he should receiue the crowne nor within the palace whilest he was at dinner But at dinner time among other that pressed in at the palace gate diuerse of the Iewes were about to thrust in till one of them was striken by a christian who alledging the kings commandement kept them backe from comming within the palace Which some of the vnrulie people perceiuing and supposing it had béene doone by the kings commandement tooke lightlie occasion thereof and falling vpon the Iewes with staues bats and stones beat them and chased them home to their houses and lodgings Héerewith rose a rumor through the citie that the king had commanded the Iewes to be destroied and therevpon came running togither to assault them in their houses which when they could not easilie breake vp nor enter by reason the same were strongly builded they set fire on them so that diuers houses were consumed not onelie of the Iewes but also of their neighbours so hideous was the rage of the fire Here we see that Regis ad exemplum totus componitur orbis The king being aduertised of this riotous attempt of the outragious people sent some of his councellours as Ranulfe de Glanuille lord iustice and other officers to appease the tumult but their authoritie was nothing regarded nor their persuasions any whit reuerenced but their thretnings rather brought themselues in danger of life among the rude sort of those that were about to spoile rob and sacke the houses and shops of the Iewes to the better accomplishment of which their vnlawfull act the light that the fire of those houses which burned gaue after it line 10 was once night did minister no small helpe and occasion of furtherance The Iewes that were in those houses which were set on fire were either smoldred and burned to death within or else at their comming foorth most cruellie receiued vpon the points of speares billes swords and gleaues of their aduersaries that watched for them verie diligentlie This outrage of the furious and disordered people continued from the middest of the one day till two of the clocke on the other the commons all that line 20 while neuer ceassing their furie against that nation but still killing them as they met with any of them in most horrible rash and vnreasonable maner At length rather wearied with their cruell dooings than satisfied with spoile or mooued with respect of reason or reuerence of their prince they withdrew themselues from their riotous enterprise after they had executed manie vnlawfull and horrible enormities This great riot well deserued sore and gréeuous punishment but yet it passed ouer without correction line 30 in respect of the great number of the transgressors and for that the most part of men for the hatred generallie conceiued against the obstinate frowardnesse of the Iewes liked the dooings hereof well inough interpreting it to be a good token that the ioifull daie of the kings aduancement to the crowne should be dolefull vnto the Iewes in bringing them to such slaughter and destruction Finallie after that the tumult was ceassed the king commanded that no man should hurt or harme any of the Iewes and so line 40 they were restored to peace after they had susteined infinit damage ¶ The occasion of this tragedie and bloudie tumult redounding to the Iewes great vexation and pitifull distresse but to the satisfieng of the peoples furious and vnbridled pronesse to crueltie sprang principallie from the king who if he had not so lightlie esteemed of the Iewes when they repaired vnto him with their present in signe of submission and hope of obteining their sute then purposed to be exhibited line 50 this hurlie burlie had not insued For it was a violent example a mightie motiue to the people to maligne the Iewes as also a hart-gréefe to them in respect of their reiection when the prince gaue them so discourteous a repulse Here therefore is to be obserued that the people is the princes ape as one verie well saith For looke whereto he is inclined note
and tooke both the castell and the owner whome he caused to be hanged for the spoiles and robberies which he had committed vpon pilgrims that passed by those parts toward Compostella line 20 to visit the bodie of saint Iames. After this the king came backe vnto Chinon in Aniou and there tooke order for the setting foorth of his nauie by sea ouer which he appointed chéefe gouernours Gerard archbishop of Aux Bernard bishop of Baieux Robert de Sablius Richard de Camuille and William de Forz de Ulerun commanding all those that should passe foorth with his said nauie to be obedient vnto these persons as his deputies and lieutenants Herewith they were appointed to prouide line 30 victuals to serue all those that should go by sea for the space of 60. daies The king also made the same time certeine ordinances to be obserued among the seafaring men which tended to this effect 1 First that if any man chanced to â—lea an other on the shipboord he should be bound to the dead bodie and so throwne into the sea 2 Secondlie if he killed him on land he should yet be bound to him as before and so buried quicke line 40 togither 3 Thirdlie if any man should be conuicted by lawfull witnesse that he drew any weapon to strike any other or chanced by striking at any man to draw bloud of him that was smitten he should lose his hand 4 Fourthlie if he gaue but a blowe with his fist without bloudshedding he should be plunged three seuerall times ouer head and eares in the water 5 Fiftlie if any man reuiled another he should line 50 for euerie time so misusing himselfe forfeit an ounce of siluer 6 Sixtlie that if any man were taken with theft or pickerie and thereof conuicted he should haue his head polled and hot pitch powred vpon his pate and vpon that the feathers of some pillow or cushion shaken aloft that he might thereby be knowne for a theefe and at the next arriuall of the ships to any land be put foorth of the companie to seeke his aduenture without all hope of returne vnto his fellowes line 60 These were the statutes which this famous prince did enact at the first for his nauie which sithens that time haue been verie much inlarged About the same time Iohn Bishop of Whiterne in Scotland suffragane to the church of Yorke ordeined Geffrey archbishop of Yorke préest At the same season also the election of the same Geffrey was confirmed by pope Clement who among other things that he wrote to the chapiter of Yorke on his behalfe in the end he addeth these words We doo therefore admonish you all and by the apostolicall bulles command you that you exhibit both reuerence and honour vnto him as vnto your prelat that thereby you may appeare commendable both before God and man Giuen at Lateran in the nones of March and third yeare of our gouernment Whilest these things were in dooing there came into France legats from the said Clement to mooue the two kings to make all the spéed possible towards their iourneie bicause of the great danger wherein things stood in Palestine requiring present helpe Herevpon king Richard his men and prouision being readie commanded that his ships should set forward to coast about by the streicts of Giberalterre to come vnto Marseilles where he appointed to méet them and so with a chosen companie of men he also set foorth thitherwards by land and comming to Towrs receiued the scrip and staffe as a pilgrime should at the hands of the archbishop there After this both the kings of England and France met at Uizeley in the octaues of the natiuitie of S. Iohn Baptist and when they had remained there two daies they passed foorth to the citie of Lion where the two kings departed in sunder and each one kept his iournie the one toward Guenes where his nauie was appointed to come to him and the other to Marseilles there to méet with his fléet according to his appointment But the English ships being let and staied by the way by contrarie winds and rigorous tempests which tossed them to and fro vpon the coasts of Spaine could not come in any conuenient time vnto Marseilles so that king Richard thinking long to tarrie for them perceiuing they could not kéepe their appointed time he hired ships from all places thereabouts and embarking himselfe and his men in the same vpon saint Laurence euen sailed foorth towards Sicile where he was appointed to méet with king Philip. Here is to be noted that king Richard made not all that iourneie from Marseilles to Messina by sea but sundrie times comming on land hired horsses and rode foorth alongst the coast appointing with his ships and gallies where to meet him and sometimes he rested certeine daies togither in one place or other as at Portdelphin at Naples and at Salerne from whence there departed from him Baldwine archbishop of Canturburie Hubert bishop of Salisburie and the lord Ranulfe de Glanuille the which taking vpon them to go before with prosperous wind and weather in short space landed at Acon which was then besieged as you shall heare hereafter At Rome the king came not but being within the streame of the riuer of Tiber there came to him a cardinall named Octauianus bishop of Hostia to whome he spake manie reprochfull words of the couetousnesse vsed in the court of Rome a vice reputed the common nursse of all mischéefes as one verie well noteth Vbi auaritia est habitant fermè omnia ibidem Flagitia impietas periuria furta rapinae Fraudes atque doli insidiaeque proditiones Iurgia infandae caedes c. Bicause they had receiued seauen hundred marks for the consecration of the bishop of Mauns and 1500. marks for the confirming of the bishop of Elie the popes legat And againe no small summe of monie they had receiued of the archbishop of Burdeaux when vpon an accusation brought against him by the cleargie of his prouince he should haue béene deposed In the meane time whiles king Richard thus passed forward towards Messina the nauie that was appointed to coast about Spaine and to méet him at Marseilles was tossed as before is said with wind and tempests and a part thereof that is to wit ten ships driuen here and there on the coasts of Spaine of which number nine arriued at Lisbone and the tenth being a ship of London arriued at the citie of Sylua which was then the vttermost citie of Spaine that was inhabited with christians The Saracens at that time made warres against the king of Portingale so that the Portingales stood in néed of aid in so much that they of Sylua did not onelie intreat the Englishmen to staie with them for a time but also got grant of them to breake their ship with the timber whereof they might the better fortifie
letters from the bishops vnto the apostolike see to be absolued c. Herevpon also the bishop of Elie himselfe wrote vnto the bishop of Lincolne and other touching this matter but the bishops did neither any thing in accomplishment of the effect of the popes letters nor at his owne supplication And therefore perceiuing small helpe to come that waie he sought to obteine the fauour and fréendship of earle Iohn and of his mother quéene Elianor In the meane time the lords barons and prelates of the realme after they had depriued him of all authoritie and banished him out of the land ordeined the archbishop of Rouen in fauour of the kings commission to haue the chéefe rule and administration of things touching all the affaires of the common-wealth but yet so as earle Iohn had the dooings in manie points so that he might séeme in manner an associat with him wherof sprang much inconuenience For this Iohn being a man as he is noted by some writers of an ambitious nature was suspected to aspire vnto the kingdome in somuch that he had ioined with the French king after the same king was returned foorth of the holie land against his brother king Richard if his mother quéene Elianor had not persuaded him to the contrarie Whilest these things were a dooing on the twelfth daie of Iulie the citie of Acres was surrendred into the christian mens hands for the Soldan Saladine being approched néere to the siege of the christians with a puissant armie in hope to haue raised their siege when he perceiued it laie not in his power to worke any feat to the succour of his people within the citie and that they were so constreined that they must néeds yéeld he holpe to make their composition and promised to performe certeine couenants on their behalfe Herevpon the Saracens within Acres couenanted not onelie to deliuer the citie vnto the christians with fiue hundred prisoners of christians which they had within the same but also to procure that the holie crosse should be to them deliuered with a thousand other christian prisoners such as the christian princes should appoint out of those numbers which Saladine had in his custodie and further to giue them two hundred thousand Besans And till these couenants were performed it was agréed that the Saracens which were at that present left within the citie should remaine as pledges vnder condition that if the same couenants were not performed within fortie daies then should they stand at the mercie of the christian princes as touching life and lim These things thus concluded and the citie yéelded vp into the christian mens hands the French king vpon enuie and malice conceiued against king Richard although he pretended sicknesse for excuse departed homewards setting from Acres the last day of Iulie Now then after the departure of king Philip when the day approched in the which the Saracens should performe the couenants or else stand to the iudgement of life and death at the pleasure of the christian princes it was perceiued that the couenants would not be fullfilled according to the agréement For Saladine as it well appeared ment not to performe that which for the safegard of his men he line 10 had vndertaken and did but dallie with the christians to prolong the time wherevpon sentence was giuen foorth that for default in such behalfe the Saracens remaining as pledges should loose their heads Saladine hauing knowledge thereof sent word to king Richard and to the whole christian armie that if his people that were in the christian mens hands lost their heads he would not faile but cause the heads of all those christians which he had in captiuitie line 20 to be cut off also Notwithstanding which answer on the fourteenth day of August king Richard issued foorth of the citie passing the vttermost ditches and incamped himselfe neere the armie of Saladine who the same daie sent rich presents vnto king Richard requiring of him a longer day for performance of the couenants but that would not be granted Wherefore vpon the said deniall Saladine caused all those christian prisoners which he had in his hands to be beheaded on the eightéenth day of August line 30 on which day king Richard aduanced foorth towards the lodgings of the Saracens and skirmished with them verie hotlie so that manie were wounded and slaine on both parts and amongst other one of king Richards companions at all exercises named Peter Mignot lost his life there Furthermore although king Richard knew that Saladine had put the christian prisoners to death in such wise as you haue heard yet would not he preuent his terme appointed for the execution of the Saraceâ—s that were line 40 in his custodie but abiding vnto the twentith day of August he then caused those Saracens which fell to his lot at the time of the surrender of Acres being in number about 2600. to be brought foorth of the citie and néere to the walles in the sight of Saladine and all his host they had their heads chopped off The duke of Burgoigne caused execution to be doone within the citie vpon those which fell to the French kings share the number of the which rose to two line 50 thousand and foure hundred or thereabouts for the whole number was reckoned to be about fiue thousand that thus lost their liues through the inconstancie of their prince yet diuerse of the principall had their liues saued The Saracens themselues also spake much euill of Saladine for this matter bicause that refusing to performe the articles of couenants he had occasioned the enimie to slea those that had so valiantlie serued in defense of the citie to the vttermost ieopardie of their liues And herâ—e is verified line 60 that knowne verse Quicquid delirant reges plectuâ—tur Achiuâ— But now to leaue forren matters and to returne home into England we find that on the second of December the monks of Canturburie chose to their archbishop Reignold bishop of Bath who within fifteene daies after his election departed this life and lieth buried at Bath Also this yeare or as Ger. Dor. saith in the yeare following the bishop of Durham sought meanes to withdraw his subiection from the archbishop of Yorke for which attempt the archbishop of Yorke vpon trust of the popes grant did not excommunicate the said bishop notwithstanding that he appealed to the popes consistorie three seuerall times putting his owne matter and his churches to be examined and tried by the pope wherevpon he obeied not the excommunication and signifieng the cause vnto Rome obteined such fauour that the pope and his cardinals reuersed the sentence and iudged the excommunication to be of none effect And further they decreed that if the archbishop of Yorke had broken the altars and chalices as information was giuen in which the bishop of Durham had celebrated after his appeale made to the court of Rome that then should the said bishop of Durham
Lameth where the 21 daie of Ianuarie they were read and the 27 daie of the same moneth was the church cast downe the canons which were alreadie there placed had commandement to depart from thence line 50 without further delaie Thus the moonks in despite of the king and archbishop had their willes but yet their vexation ceassed not for the king and archbishop bearing them no small euill will for that they had so obteined their purpose contrarie to their minds and intents molested them diuerse waies although the moonks still vpon complaint to the pope were verie much releeued and found great freendship both with him and likewise with his court ¶ So that it may be obserued that these dishclouts line 60 of the popes kitchen haue in all ages since their first quickening béene troublesome and mutinous sawcie and insolent proud and malapert But Proh pudor hos tolerare potest ecclesia porcos Cùm sint lasciui nimiùm nimiúmque superbi Duntaxà t ventri veneri somnóque vacantes In this meane time king Richard being now at rest from troubles of warre studied busilie to prouide monie meaning to make a new voiage into the holie land Therefore finding himselfe bare of treasure by reason the French warres had emptied his cofers he set a great tax vpon his subiects and by that meanes hauing recouered a great summe he builded that notable strong castell in Normandie vpon the banke of the riuer of Saine named Chateau Galiard which when it was finished he fell a iesting thereat and said Behold is not this a faire daughter of one yeares growth The soile where this castell was builded belonged to the archbishop of Rouen for which there followed great strife betwixt the king and the archbishop till the pope tooke vp the matter as before ye haue heard After this he determined to chastise certeine persons in Poictou which during the warres betwixt him and the French king had aided the Frenchmen against him wherevpon with an armie he passed foorth towards them but by the waie he was informed that one Widomer a vicount in the countrie of Britaine had found great treasure and therefore pretending a right thereto by vertue of his prerogatiue he sent for the vicount who smelling out the matter and supposing the king would not be indifferent in parting the treasure fled into Limosin where although the people were tributaries to the king of England yet they tooke part with the French king There is a towne in that countrie called Chalus Cheuerell into which the said vicount retired for safegard of himselfe and then gaue the townesmen a great portion of treasure to the end they should defend him and his quarell for the rest King Richard still following him as one that could not auoid his fatall ordinance hasted into the confines of Limosin fullie determining either to win the towne by force if the inhabitants should make resistance or at least wise to get into his hands the preie which he so earnestlie pursued At his first approch he gaue manie fierce assaults to the towne but they within hauing throughlie prouided aforehand for to defend a siege so resisted his attempts that within thrée daies after his comming he ceassed to assaile the towne meaning to vndermine the walles which otherwise he perceiued would verie hardlie be gotten considering the stoutnesse of them within and withall the naturall strength and situation of the place it selfe Herevpon therefore on the 26 of March whiles he togither with capteine Marchades went about vnaduisedlie to view the towne the better to consider the place which waie he might conueie the course of his mine they came so farre within danger that the king was striken in the left arme or as some write in the shoulder where it ioined to the necke with a quarell inuenomed as is to be supposed by the sequele Being thus wounded he gat to his horsse and rode home againe to his lodging where he caused the wound to be searched and bound vp and as a man nothing dismaid therewith continued his siege with such force and assurance that within 12 daies after the mishap the towne was yéelded vnto him although verie little treasure to make any great accompt of was at that time found therein In this meane season the king had committed the cure of his wound to one of Marchades his surgions who taking in hand to plucke out the quarell drew foorth onelie the shaft at the first and left the iron still within and afterwards going about most vnskilfullie to get foorth the head of the said quarell he vsed such incisions and so mangled the kings arme yer he could cut it that he himself despaired of all helpe and longer life affirming flatlie to such as stood about him that he could not long continue by reason of his butcherlie handling To be short féeling himselfe to wax weaker and weaker preparing his mind to death which he perceiued now to be at hand he ordeined his testament or rather reformed and added sundrie things vnto the same which he before had made at the time of his going foorth towards the holie land Unto his brother Iohn he â—ssigned the crowne of England and all other his lands and dominions causing the Nobles there present to sweare fealtie vnto him His monie his iewels and all other his goods mooueable he willed to be diuided into thrée parts of the which Otho the emperor his sisters sonne to haue one his houshold seruants an other part and the third to be distributed to the poore Finallie remembring himselfe also of the place of his buriall he commanded that his bodie should be interred at line 10 Fonteuerard at his fathers feet but he willed his heart to be conueied vnto Rouen and there buried in testimonie of the loue which he had euer borne vnto that citie for the stedfast faith and tried loialtie at all times found in the citizens there His bowels he ordeined to be buried in Poictiers as in a place naturallie vnthankefull and not worthie to reteine any of the more honorable parts of his bodie Moreouer he caused the arcubalistar that wounded him to be sought out whose name was Barthram line 20 de Gurden or Peter Basill for so he named himselfe as some write who being brought before the king he demanded wherein he had so much offended him that he should so lie in wait to slea him rather than Marchades who was then in his companie and attendant on his person The other answered boldlie againe saieng I purposed to kill thee bicause thou sluest my father and two of my brethren heretofore and wouldest also now haue slaine me if I had hapned to fall into thy hands Wherefore I intended to line 30 reuenge their deaths not caring in the meane time what became of my selfe so that I might in anie wise obteine my will of thée who in such sort hast berest me of my freends
thence till he had woon the castell and put all them within to death and began to assaile it with more line 50 force than before he had doone The barons also which at this season lay at London making a rode to Cambridge tooke the towne and after went foorth into Northfolke and Suffolke as it were to gather vp such scraps as the French had left spoiling those countries verie pitifullie churches and all They constreined the townes of Yermouth Dunwich Gipswich to pay to them great summes of monie by waie of ransoming And at length returning by Colchester they vsed like practises line 60 there From thence they returned to London and shortlie after vnder the conduct of the earle of Neuers vpon a sudden going to Windsore they laid a strong siege about that castell in the which was capteine Ingelard de Athie with sixtie valiant knights other men of war of their suit the which manfullie stood at defense In the moneth of August Alexander king of Scotland came through the countrie vnto the siege of Douer and there did homage vnto Lewes in right of his tenure holden of the kings of England and then returned home but in his comming vp as he came by castell Bernard in the countrie of Haliwerkfolke which apperteined vnto Hugh de Balioll he lost his brother in law the lord Eustace de Uescie who was striken in the forehead with a quarrell as he rode in companie of the king néere vnto the same castell to view if it were possible vpon anie side to win it by assault About the same time or rather in the yeare last past as some hold it fortuned that the vicount of Melune a French man fell sicke at London and perceiuing that death was at hand he called vnto him certeine of the English barons which remained in the citie vpon safegard thereof and to them made this protestation I lament saith he your destruction and desolation at hand bicause ye are ignorant of the perils hanging ouer your heads For this vnderstand that Lewes and with him 16 earles and barons of France haue secretlie sworne if it shall fortune him to conquere this realme of England to be crowned king that he will kill banish and confine all those of the English nobilitie which now doo serue vnder him and persecute their owne king as traitours and rebels and furthermore will dispossesse all their linage of such inheritances as they now hold in England And bicause saith he you shall not haue doubt hereof I which lie here at the point of death doo now affirme vnto you and take it on the perill of my soule that I am one of those sixteen that haue sworne to performe this thing wherefore I aduise you to prouide for your owne safeties and your realmes which you now destroie and kéepe this thing secret which I haue vttered vnto you After this spéech was vttered he streightwaies died When these words of the lord of Melune were opened vnto the barons they were and not without cause in great doubt of themselues for they saw how Lewes had alredie placed and set Frenchmen in most of such castels and townes as he had gotten the right whereof indeed belonged to them And againe it gréeued them much to vnderstand how besides the hatred of their prince they were euerie sundaie and holiedaie openlie accursed in euerie church so that manie of them inwardlie relented and could haue bin contented to haue returned to king Iohn if they had thought that they should thankfullie haue béene receiued In this yeare about the 17 of Iulie pope Innocent died at whose death being knowen in England all they that were enimies to king Iohn greatlie reioised for they were in great hope that his successour would haue rather inclined to their part than to the kings But it fell out otherwise for Honorius the third that succeeded the same foresaid Innocent mainteined the same cause in defense of king Iohn as earnestlie or rather more than his predecessour had doone sending with all spéed his buls ouer into England to confirme Gualo in his former authoritie of legat commanding him with all indeuour to procéed in his businesse in mainteining the king against Lewes and the disloiall English nobilitie that aided the said Lewes But now to our purpose King Iohn lieng all this while at Winchester and hauing knowledge how his aduersaries were dailie occupied in most hard enterprises as in besieging sundrie strong and inuincible places sent foorth his commissioners to assemble men of warre and to allure vnto his seruice all such as in hope of prey were minded to follow his standard of the which there resorted to him no small number So that hauing gotten togither a competent armie for his purpose he brake foorth of Winchester as it had béene an hideous tempest of weather beating downe all things that stood in his waie sending foorth his people on ech side to wast the countries to burne vp the townes and villages to spoile the churches churchmen With which successe still increasing his furie he turned his whole violence into Cambridgeshire where he did excéeding great hurt Then entring into the countries of Northfolke and Suffolke he committed the like rage wast and destruction in the lands and possessions that belonged vnto the earle of Arundell to Roger Bigot William de Huntingfield and Roger de Cressey The barons in the meane time that lay at siege before the castle of Windsore hearing of that hauocke which king Iohn had made in the east parts of the line 10 realme secretlie in the night season raised their camps and leauing their tents behind them with all spéed made towards Cambridge But king Iohn by faithfull espials hauing aduertisement of their intent which was to get betwixt him and the places of his refuge withdrew him and got to Stamford yer they might reach to Cambridge so that missing their purpose after they had taken some spoiles abroad in the countrie they returned to London King Iohn from Stamford marched toward Lincolne bicause line 20 he heard that the castell there was besieged But those that had besieged it as Gilbert de Gaunt and others hearing that king Iohn was comming towards them durst not abide him but fled and so escaped The king then turned his iournie towards the marshes of Wales and there did much hurt to those places that belonged to his aduersaries After this also and with a verie puissant armie he went eâ—tsoones eastwards and passing through the countries came againe into the counties of Northfolke line 30 and Suffolke wasting and afflicting all that came in his waie and at length comming to Lin was there ioifullie receiued Then keeping foorth northwards he spoiled the townes and abbeies of Peterburgh and Crowland where a number of the kings enimies were withdrawne into the church but Sauerie de Mauleon being sent foorth to séeke them found them in the
to diuerse yoong line 10 préests and scholers as some write in somuch that the legat afterwards comming to Oxford year 1238 and lodging in the abbie of Osnie it chanced as certeine scholers pressed to the gates thinking to come in and doo their dutie as they tooke the matter vnto the legat the porter kept them backe and gaue them ouerthwart words wherevpon they rushed in vpon him so began a fraie betwixt them and the legats men who would haue beaten them backe It fortuned in this hurlie burlie that a poore Irish line 20 scholer being got in néere to the kitchin dresser besought the cooke for Gods sake to giue him some reliefe but the cooke as manie of that calling are cholerike fellowes in a great furie tooke vp a ladle full of hot broath out of a kettell wherein flesh had béene sodden and threw it right vpon the Irishmans face which thing when another Welsh scholer that stood by beheld he cried out What meane we to suffer this villanie and therewithall tooke an arrow and set it in his bow which he had caught vp in his hand at the line 30 beginning of the fraie and drawing it vp to the head let flie at the cooke and so slue him there outright Herevpon againe noise and tumult rose round about the house the legat for feare got him into the belfraie of the abbeie where he kept himselfe close till the darke of the night had staied the vprore and then stale foorth and taking his horsse escaped as secretlie as he could ouer the Thames and rode with all spéed to the court which laie not far off at Abington and there made his complaint to the king in such line 40 lamentable wise that he foorthwith sent the earle Waren with a power of armed men to fetch awaie the residue of the legats seruants which remained behind in the abbeie and to apprehend the chiefe offendors The earle comming thither tooke thirtie scholers with one master Odo a lawier and brought them to Wallingford castell and there committed them to prison The legat also in reuenge of the iniurie in this wise to him doone pronounced the cursse against line 50 the misdooers and handled the matter in such wise that the regents and masters of the Uniuersitie were at length constreined to come vnto London there to go bare-footed through Cheapeside vnto the church of S. Paule in such wise to aske him forgiuenesse and so with much adoo they obteined absolution This legat among other things demanded soone after the tenth part of all spirituall mens yearelie reuenues towards the maintenance of the wars against the Saracens in Asia line 60 Moreouer the emperour of Constantinople namelie Baldwine sonne to Peter earle of Ausserre being expelled out of his empire came this yeare into England to sue for aid but at his first arriuall at Douer he was told that he had not doone well to come so presumptuouslie into the land of another prince without his safe conduct But when the said emperour séemed to be sorie for his offense and to excuse his innocencie and sincere meaning the king was pacified willed him to come to London where at his comming thither being the 22 daie of Aprill he was honorablie receiued and at his departure with rich gifts highlie honored so that he had awaie with him to the value of about seuen hundred marks as was reported About this time also Elianor the kings sister that was sometime wife vnto William Marshall earle of Penbroke was now by the kings meanes married the second time to Simon Montford a man of high parentage and noble prowesse This Simon was indowed with such vertue good counsell courteous discretion and other amiable qualities that he was highlie fauoured as was supposed both of God and man in somuch that he might right well as for birth so also for education and good demeanour be counted as he deserued a notable Noble man for he was so qualified as standeth with the nature of true nobilitie according to that of the poet non census nec clarum nomen auorum Sed probitas magnos ingeniùmque facit Notwithstanding all which noble indowments concurring in him he was banished out of France vpon displeasure which Blanch the quéene mother conceiued against him But now comming into England he was ioifullie receiued of king Henrie who not onelie gaue vnto him as aboue is mentioned his sister in mariage with the earledome of Leicester in name of a dowrie but also aduanced him vnto offices of greatest honour within the realme of England Howbeit this marriage was verie displeasant vnto Edmund the archbishop of Canturburie bicause that the foresaid Elianor after the death of hir first husband had vowed perpetuall chastitie and betaken hir as was said to the mantell and the ring As the prelat was not pleased with this match so the king was as highlie offended with the archbishop for not fauouring the cause in somuch that the archbishop went soone after to Rome where he not onelie complained of certeine iniuries receiued latelie at the kings hands but also signified the estate of this marriage to procure a diuorce In like manner Richard the kings brother found great fault with the king for the same matter but chieflie for that he stroke it vp without making him and other of the Nobles of councell therein To be short it was not long yer this grudge grew so far that ciuill war was verie likelie to haue followed therevpon But when the king saw that all the lords leaned to his brother he sought to pacifie the matter by courteous means and so by mediation of the legat the king and his brother were reconciled to the great griefe of the lords which had brought the matter now to that point that the king could not haue so resisted their force but that they were in good hope to haue deliuered the realme out of bondage from all manner of strangers as well of those Romans that were beneficed men as of anie other Simon the earle of Leicester also perceiuing how the matter went made shift another waie to get all the monie he could in prest or otherwise in somuch that he had of one burges of Leicester named Simon Curleuath fiue hundred markes and leauing his wife in the castell of Kelingworth he secretlie departed out of the realme and got him to Rome to purchase a confirmation of his marriage which he easilie obteined notwithstanding the archbishop of Canturburies former and verie vehement information against him and so hauing brought his purpose about in the latter end of this yéere he returned into England and was ioifullie receiued first of the king and after of his wife whome he found at Kelingworth néere to the time of hir trauell and shortlie after deliuered of a yoong sonne whom they called Simon after the name of his father At the same time Frederike the emperour
faire companie of Scotishmen and shortlie after his wife the quéene of Scots came thither also Moreouer king Henrie kept a roiall feast at Westminster where he made to the number of foure score knights amongst whome Iohn sonne to the earle of Britaine who had maried the ladie Beatrice one of the kings daughters was there made knight Shortlie after was sir Hugh Spenser made lord line 20 chéefe iustice After Christmasse the K. comming into the towre of London year 1261 fortified it greatlie caused the gates of the citie to be warded sending forth commandement to his lords that they should come to the towre there to hold a parlement but they denied flatlie so to doo sending him word that if it pleased him they would come to Westminster where vsuallie the parlement had béene kept and not to any other place whervpon there rose dissention betwixt him and the barons line 30 After the feast of the Purification at a folkemote holden at Paules crosse where the king was present in person with the king of Almaine the archbishop of Canturburie and diuerse other of the Nobles commandement was giuen to the maior that euerie stripling of the age of 12 yeares and aboue should before his alderman be sworne to be true to the king and his hetres kings of England and that the gates of the citie should be kept with armed men as before by the king of Romans was deuised line 40 About Easter the barons of the land with consent of the péeres discharged sir Hugh Spenser of his office of chéefe iustice and placed in his roome sir Philip Basset without the kings assent he being not made priuie therevnto Wherevpon a new occasion of displeasure was ministred to kindle debate betwixt the king and his lords but by the policie of the king of Almaine and some prelats the matter was quieted for a time till after at Hallowentide next insuing which was the 46 yeare of K. Henries reigne line 50 At that time the barons tooke vpon them to discharge such shiriffes as the king had elected named gardians of the countries and shires and in their places put other shiriffes and besides that would not suffer the iustice which the king had admitted to doo his office in keeping his circuit but appointed such to doo it as it pleased them to assigne wherwith the king was so much offended that he laboured by all means to him possible about the disanulling of the ordinances made at Oxford and vpon the second sundaie in line 60 Lent he caused to be read at Paules crosse a bull obteined of pope Urbane the fourth year 1262 as a confirmation of an other bull before purchased of his predecessour pope Alexander for the absoluing of the king and all other that were sworne to the maintenance of the articles agrees vpon at Oxford This absolution he caused to be shewed through the realmes of England Wales Ireland giuing streight charge that if any person were found that would disobeâ—â— this absolution the same should be committed to prison there to remaine till the kings pleasure were further knowne Suerlie the most part of those péeres which had the rule of the king and kingdome thus in their hand perceiuing the enormitie that dailie grew of so manifold heads and gouernours were minded of themselues to dissolue those prouisions and ordinances so made at Oxford in somuch that there were but fiue which stiffelie stood in defense of the same that is to saie the bishop of Worcester and the earles of Leicester and Glocester with Henrie Spenser and Peter de Montfort the which by no meanes could be brought to confesse that they might with a safe conscience go contrarie to those ordinances which they had confirmed with their solemne oth notwithstanding the popes dispensation whereas the same oth was rather a bond of iniquitie as saith Matth. Westminster deuised to conspire against Christ and his annointed that is to saie their naturall liege lord and lawfull king than any godlie oth aduisedlie taken or necessarie to be receiued of good meaning subiects yea and of such a friuolous oth it is said that In aqua scribitur in puluere exaratur In Iune the king of Almaine tooke shipping and sailed ouer into Dutchland and king Henrie at a folkemote holden at Paules crosse the sundaie after S. Peters day had licence to saile into France and the morrow after he departed from London towards the sea side with the quéene and other lords his two sonnes prince Edward and the earle of Lancaster being at that present in Guien When he had béene a season in France he went vnto Burdeaux and there fell sicke of a feuer quartane by occasion whereof he taried in those parties till S. Nicholas tide next following There were few that went ouer with him that escaped frée without the same disease so that in maner all his companie were taken and fore handled therewith Manie died thereof to the number of thréescore and amongst them as chéefe were these Baldwine de Lisle earle of Deuonshire Ingram de Percie and William de Beauchampe In this yeare died Richard the Clare earle of Glocester and his sonne sir Gilbert de Clare was earle after him vnto whome his father gaue great charge that he should mainteine the ordinances of Oxford In the 47 yeare of king Henries reigne by reason that a Iew had wounded a christian man at London within Colechurch in the ward of cheap not onelie the said Iew was slaine by other christians that followed him home to his house but also manie other Iewes were robbed and slaine in that furie and rage of the people The Welshmen with their prince Leolin made wars against the men and tenants of Roger de Mortimer and tooke two of his castels the one called Kenet and raced them both to the ground The said Roger being sore gréeued herwith got such assistance as he could of other lords there in the marches and watching the Welshmen at aduantage distressed diuerse companies of them sometime thrée hundred sometime foure hundred and other whiles fiue hundred But at one time he lost thrée hundred of this footmen that were entred the countrie and so inclosed that they could make no shift to escape Upon the euen of S. Thomas the apostle the king landed at Douer year 1263 and came to London the Wednesdaie before the twelfe day in Christmasse In this yeare the frost began about S. Nicholas daie and continued for the space of a moneth and more so extreamelie that the Thames was frosen so that men passed ouer on horssebacke ¶ The same winter the kings little hall at Westminster with manie other houses therevnto adioining was consumed with fire by negligence of one of the kings seruants Uariance rose betwixt the citizens of London and the constable of the towre for that contrarie to the liberties of the citie he tooke
prisonae nostrae liberandos saluò securè in eadem per vicecomitem comitatus praedicti custodiendos it a quòd ab eadem prisona nullo modo deliberentur sine mandato nostro speciali line 60 Et ideo vobis mandamus quòd ad certos diem locum quos ad hoc prouideritis inquisitiones illas faciatis Et assumpto vobiscum sufficienti passe comitatus praedicti si necesse fuerit dictos malefactores coram vobis sic indictatos arrestetis ipsos prisonae nostrae liberetis informa praedicta etiam omnia bona catalla ipsorum malefactorū qui se subtraxerint fugam fecerint postquam de felonijs aliquibus coram vobis solenniter indictati fuerint per vicecomitem comitatus praedicti in manum nostram capiatis ea ad opus nostrum saluò custodire faciatis donec aliud inde vobis praeceperimus Mandamus enim vicecomiti nostro comitatus praedicti quòd ad certos diem locum quos vos prouidere duxeritis venire faciat coram vobis tot tales tam milites quà m alios quos habere decreueritis de comitatu illo tam infra libertates quà m extra per quos ipsa veritas meliùs sciri poterit inquiri Et quod omnes illos quos per inquisitionem culpabiles inuenire contigerit quos vos sic liberaueritis à nobis recipiantur quorum nomina eis scire faciatis assumpto secum sufficienti posse comitatus praedicti sine dilatione arrestari in prisona nostra saluò securè custodire faciat in forma praedicta communitati dicti comitatus quod simul cum vicecomite praedicto vobis quotienscúnque opus fuerit in praemissis pareat assistat intendat prout eis iniungetis ex parte nostra In cuius reitestimonium c. ¶ Heerevnto were annexed certeine articles by way of instructions of what points they should inquire as partlie aboue is noted out of the addition to Matthew West but not so fullie as in the said chronicle of Abington is found expressed and heere for breefenesse omitted In the three and thirtith yeare of his reigne king Edward put his sonne prince Edward in prison bicause that he had riotouslie broken the parke of Walter Langton bishop of Chester and bicause the prince had doone this déed by the procurement of a lewd and wanton person one Péers Gauaston an esquire of Gascoine the king banished him the realme least the prince who delighted much in his companie might by his euill and wanton counsell fall to euill and naughtie rule Moreouer the same yeare William Waleis was taken and deliuered vnto king Edward who caused him to be brought to London where on S. Bartholmewes euen he was conueied through the streets vnto Westminster and there arreigned of hie treason and condemned and therevpon hanged drawne and quartered his head was set ouer London bridge his right side ouer the bridge at Newcastell vpon Tine his left side was sent to Berwike and there set vp his right leg was sent to S. Iohns towne and his left vnto Aberden in which places the same were set vp for an example of terror to others Also about the same time the king of France required the king of England by messengers and letters sent vnto him that he would banish all the Flemings out of his realme in like manner as at his instance he had latelie before banished all the Scotishmen out of France The king of England was contented so to doo and by that means were all the Flemings auoided out of this land at that season but shortlie after they returned againe King Edward accused Robert archbishop of Canturburie vnto the pope for that he should go about to trouble the quiet state of the realme and to defend and succour rebellious persons wherevpon the said archbishop being cited to the popes consistorie was suspended from executing his office till he should purge himselfe by order of law of such crimes as were laid and obiected against him The king also obteined an absolution of the pope of the oth which against his will he had taken for the obseruing of the liberties exacted by force of him by the earls and barons of his realme namelie touching disforrestings to be made This yeare Robert Bruce contriuing waies how to make himselfe king of Scotland the nine twentith day of Ianuarie slue the lord Iohn Comin at Dunfrice whilest the kings iustices were sitting in iudgement within the castell there and vpon the day of the Annunciation of our ladie caused himselfe to be crowned king of Scotland at Scone where the countesse of Boughan that was secretlie departed from hir husband the earle of Boughan and had taken with hir all his great horsses was readie to set the crowne vpon R. Bruces head in absence of hir brother the earle of Fife to whom being in England soiourning at his manor of Whitwike in Leicestershire that office of right apperteined This countesse being afterwards taken the same yeare by the Englishmen where other would haue had hir put to death line 10 the king would not grant thervnto but commanded that she should be put in a cage made of wood which was set vpon the walles of the castell of Berwike that all such as passed by might behold hir too slender a punishment for so great an offense But the king counted it no honour to be seuere against that sex whom nature tendereth though malefactors and therfore was content with a mild correction tending rather to some shame than smart to recompense hir offense line 20 whereby she procured against hir selfe no lesse reproch than she susteined agréeable to the old saieng Saepe suum proprium fecit puer ipse flagellum There were present at his coronation foure bishops fiue earles and a great multitude of people of the land Immediatlie vpon the newes brought to the king of Bruces coronation he sent foorth a power of men vnder the conduct of the earle of Penbroke and of the lord Henrie Percie the lord Robert Clifford and others to resist the attempts of the Scots now readie to worke some mischéefe through line 30 the incouragement of the new king Edward prince of Wales was made knight this yeare at London upon Witsundaie a great number of other yoong bachelers with him 297 as Abington writeth the which were sent streightwaies with the said prince towards Scotland to ioine with the earle of Penbroke to resist the attempts of the new king Robert le Bruce and his complices King Edward himselfe followed The generall assemblie of the armie was appointed at Carleill fiftéene daies after the Natiuitie line 40 of saint Iohn Baptist from thence to march foorth vnder the guiding of the prince into Scotland In the meane time Robert le Bruce went abroad in the countries of Scotland receiued the homages of manie Scotishmen and got togither an
His head was sent vnto London and there set vpon the bridge or rather vpon some turret of the tower So hard a matter it is for traitors to escape the hands of the executioner vnder whose hatchet they submit their heads to be hewen from their shoulders euen then when they haue conceiued their traitorous attempts in hart for God who hath placed princes in thrones of roialtie to this end hath vouchsafed them a superlatiue degrée of dignitie that they might be obeied neither will his iustice permit impunitie to the disloiall enterprises and complots of malefactors common peace-disturbers hautie-harted Nemrods ambitious Hamans or anie lewd malcontent for Acer Dei est oculus ad omnia videndum Eius poenas non effugit mortalis Viuere volens ergo ne faciat morte digna ¶ But there be that write otherwise as it may well be thus that this earle of Carleill perceiuing the miserie of his countrie without consent of the king of England made peace with the king of Scots vnder this forme as by Richard Southwell we find recorded First the earle promised faithfullie for him and his heires that they should with all their force and means possible séeke to mainteine the said king of Scots his heires and successors in the peaceable possession of the kingdome of Scotland and that to their powers they shuld fight against all those that would not agrée vnto that couenant as against them that should séeme to be enimies vnto the common-wealth of both the realmes of England and Scotland The king of Scots promised faithfullie for his part to defend the said earle his heires and adherents in the said couenant or paction and not onelie to keepe peace with England but also to build a monasterie within Scotland assigning reuenues thereto to the value of fiue hundred marks to celebrate diuine seruice and to pray continuallie for the soules of them that were dead by occasion of the passed warres betwixt England and Scotland and further that he should giue to the king of England within ten yeares fortie thousand pounds of siluer and that the king of England should haue the king of Scots eldest sonne to marrie him vnto some ladie of his bloud as he should thinke expedient To the performance of all which couenants well and truelie to be obserued Thomas Randulfe earle of Murrey sware on the behalfe of the king of Scots and the earle of Carleill sware for himselfe and héerewith certeine writings indented were drawne and ingrossed to the which interchangeablie they set their hands and seales After that the earle of Carleill was returned home he called to Carleill all the cheefe persons of the countrie as well spirituall as temporall and there rather through feare than otherwise constreined them to receiue an oth that they should aid assist him to their powers to see all the couenants abouesaid performed and kept After that these things were knowne to the king and the realme although some of the communaltie liked well inough of the matter bicause they hoped thereby to remaine in peace especiallie those of the north parts the king yet and his councell not without cause were sore offended for that he whom the king had so latelie aduanced should confederate himselfe with the Scots line 10 to the preiudice of the king and his crowne concluding any couenants of peace without his consent wherevpon reputing him for a ranke traitor the king sent vnto the lord Antonie Lucie to apprehend the said earle by some meanes if he might and for his paines he should not faile to be well rewarded The lord Lucie watching his time when the earles men were gone some whither abroad and but few left about him the morrow after the feast of saint Matthew the apostle he entred the castell of Carleill line 20 as it were to talke with the earle of some businesse as his manner was at other times to doo He had with him sir Hugh Lowther sir Richard Denton and sir Hugh Moricebie knights and foure esquiers beside other priuilie armed so that leauing some at euerie gate and doore as he entred he came into the hall and there finding the earle inditing letters arrested him Herewith when certeine of the earles seruants made a noise and cried Treason treason the porter of the inner gate would haue shut it vpon line 30 them that were thus entred but sir Richard Denton slue that porter with his owne hands and there was not one more slaine by them in the apprehension of the earle for all other his seruants yéelded themselues and the house vnto the said lord Lucie without more resistance Howbeit one of his seruants that saw these dooings got awaie and with all spéed ran to the péele of Heâ—head and shewed to the earles brother Michaell Herkeley what was chanced to the earle wherevpon line 40 the said Michaell foorthwith fled into Scotland and with him sir William Blunt knight a Scotishman and diuerse other that were of the earles priuie councell The lord Lucie streightwaies sent a messenger to the king vnto Yorke aduertising him how he had taken the earle and therefore required to vnderstand further of the kings pleasure The king foorthwith sent the lord Geffrey Scroobe iustice with a number of armed men vnto Carleill the which came thither on saint Chaddes daie and the morrow after being line 50 the third of March he sat in iudgement vpon the said earle in the castell of Carleill and there as out of the kings mouth he pronounced sentence against him in this wise first that he should be disgraded of his earledome by the taking awaie from him the sword which the king had gird him with and likewise of his knighthood by cutting off his spurs from his heeles and that after this he should be drawen from the castell through the citie vnto the place of execution where felons were accustomed to suffer and there line 60 to be hanged afterwards headed and then his head to be sent vnto London there to be set aloft vpon one of the turrets of the tower and his quarters to be diuided one to be set vp at Carleill an other at Newcastell vpon Tine the third at Bristow the fourth at Douer When he had heard this iudgement he said You haue diuided my bodie at your pleasure and I commit my soule vnto God and being according to the iudgement drawen to the place where he suffered he neuer shranke at the matter but boldlie behaued himselfe declaring at the verie houre of his death that his intention in concluding the agréement with the Scots was good and procéeding not of any euill meaning but tending onelie to the wealth and quietnes of the realme Neither could such friers as were permitted to come to him before his arreignement to heare his confession get any thing more of him but that his meaning was good and that which he had concluded with the king of Scots was not doone vpon any euill purpose
goods should resist them that were thus landed assaile and kill them the quéene his sonne Edward and his brother the earle of Kent onelie excepted and whosoeuer line 30 could bring the head or dead corps of the lord Mortimer of Wigmore should haue for his labour a thousand marks The queenes proclamations on the other part willed all men to hope for peace the Spensers publike enimies of the realme and the lord chancellor Robert Baldocke with their assistants onlie excepted through whose meanes the present trouble was happened to the realme And it was forbidden that no man should take ought from any person and who so euer could bring to the quéene the head of Hugh line 40 Spenser the yoonger should haue two thousand pounds of the queenes gift The king at his departure from London left maister Walter Stapleton the bishop of Excester behind him to haue the rule of the citie of London Then shortlie after the quéene with hir son making towards London wrote a letter to the maior and the citizens requiring to haue assistance for the putting downe of the Spensers not onelie knowne enimies of theirs but also common enimies to all the realme line 50 of England To this letter no answer at the first was made wherefore an other was sent dated at Baldocke the sixt daie of October vnder the names of Isabell by the grace of God queene of England ladie of Ireland and countesse of Pontieu and of Edward eldest sonne to the king of England duke of Guien earle of Chester of Pontieu and of Muttrell This letter being directed to the maior and communaltie of London conteining in effect that the cause of their landing and entring into the realme at that line 60 time was onelie for the honor of the king and wealth of the realme meaning hurt to no maner of person but to the Spensers was fastened vpon the crosse in Cheape then called the new crosse in Cheape on the night before the ninth daie of October Diuerse copies of the same letter were set vp and fastened vpon windowes and doores in other places of the citie and one of the same copies was tacked vpon the lord maiors gates After which letter thus published in the citie a great number of artificers and other that loued not to sit in rest vpon such occasion of discord offered now that things were in broâ—le in other parts of the realme assembled in great numbers with weapon in hand came to the lord maior of the citie whom they knew to fauor the kings part therefore they forced him through feare of some iniurious violence to receiue an oth to stand to their ordinance which was to put to death all those that were aduersaries to the quéene or had by any meanes procured the hinderance of the cities liberties vnder pretext of which oth they ran and tooke one of the citizens called Iohn Marshall who bicause he was verie familiar with the earle of Glocester and therefore suspected to haue accused the citizens they stroke off his head and spoiled all his goods On the same day being the fourtéenth of October continuing their rage they ran to the house of the bishop of Excester Walter de Stapleton and setting fire on the gates they entred and spoiled him of all his plate iewels monie and goods And as it chanced in an infortunate houre for him the bishop being at the same time returning from the fields would not seeme to shrinke although he was admonished of these outragious attempts of the people but sitting on horssebacke came to the north doore of S. Paule where forthwith the furious people laid violent hands on him threw him downe and drew him most outragiouslie into Cheapeside where they proclamed him an open traitor a seducer of the king and a destroier of their liberties The bishop had vpon him a certeine cote of defense which was called an aketon the same therefore being plucked beside his backe as all other his garments they shore his head from his shoulders and to the like death they put two of his seruants the one an esquire and the other a yeoman The bishops head was set on a pole for a spectacle that the remembrance of his death and the cause thereof might continue His bodie was buried in an old churchyard of the pied friers without any manner of exequies of funerall seruice doone for him The chiefest cause of the enimitie which the Londoners bare towards this bishop rose hereof He being lord treasuror procured that the iustices itinerants did sit in the citie of London and where manie of the citizens were found offendors and iustlie punished as well by loosing their freedoms as by paieng their fines and suffering corporall punishments they conceiued a great displeasure towards him Moreouer it was said that he had raised a great multitude of armed men against the quéene and hir son the duke of Aquitaine and therefore did the Londoners as they affirmed seeke to preuent his proceedings ¶ The morrow after that they had thus beheaded the bishop of Excester they tooke by chance sir Iohn Weston constable of the tower and from him they tooke the keies of the same tower and so entering the tower they set all the prisoners at libertie and in like case all those that were imprisoned in maner through the land were permitted to go at large and all the banished men and outlawes were likewise restored home The Londoners hauing the tower thus at their commandement remooued all the officers therein placed by the king and put other in their roomes in the name of the lord Iohn de Eltham the kings son whom they named warden of the citie and land And yet they ceassed not to commit manie robberies other outragious most insolent parts In the meane time the king being come to Bristow left that citie in the kéeping of the earle of Winchester And with the earles of Glocester and Arundell and the lord chancellor sir Robert Baldocke he sailed ouer into Wales there to raise a power of Welshmen in defense of himselfe against the quéene and hir adherents which he had good hope to find amongest the Welshmen bicause he had euer vsed them gentlie and shewed no rigor towards them for their riotous misgouernance Againe he drew the rather into that part that if there were no remedie he might easilie escape ouer into Ireland and get into some mounteine-countrie marish-ground or other streict where his enimies should not come at him But now to speake of the queene yée most vnderstand that after she had receiued knowledge from the Londoners that they were wholie at hir deuotion line 10 she being glad thereof turned hir iournie toward Wales to follow the king and comming to Oxenford staied there a while and still came people to hir from all sides Héere Adam de Torleton the bishop of Hereford which latelie before had beene sore fined by the king for that he
death of king line 20 Edward who as we haue said deceassed the day before but comfortable newes againe of the great towardlinesse and good meaning of the yoong king who promised to loue them and their citie and to come to the same citie as they had desired him to doo And further that he had spoken to the duke of Lancaster in their behalfe and that the duke had submitted himselfe to him in all things touching the cause wherevpon the kings pleasure was that they should likewise submit themselues and he would doo his indeuor that an agreement might be had to the honor of the citizens line 30 and profit of the citie The citizens liked not of this forme of procéeding in the dukes matter bicause the king was yoong and could not giue order therein but by substitutes yet at length with much adoo they were contented to submit themselues as the duke had doone before though not till that the knights had vndertaken vpon their oth of fidelitie and knighthood that their submission should not redound to the temporall or bodilie harme of any of them consenting to the kings line 40 will in this point And so with this caution they tooke their iournie towards Sheene where they found the new K. with his mother the duke of Lancaster his brethren vncles to the king and diuerse bishops about the bodie of the deceassed king When it was knowen that the Londoners were come they were called before the king by whom the matter was so handled that the duke and they were made fréends After this when the king should ride through the citie line 50 towards the coronation the said duke and the lord Percie riding on great horses before him as by vertue of their offices appointed to make way before vsed themselues so courteouslie modestlie and pleasantlie â—hat where before they two were greatlie suspected of the common people by reason of their great puissance in the realme and huge rout of reteiners they ordered the matter so that neither this day nor the morrow after â—eing the day of the kings coronation they offended any maner of person but rather line 60 by gentle and swéet demeanour they reclaimed the harts of manie of whome before they were greatlie had in suspicion and thought euill of ¶ But now sith we are entred into the matter of this kings coronation we haue thought good breefelie to touch some particular point thereof as in Thomas Walsingham we find it though nothing so largelie here as the author himselfe setteth it foorth bicause the purpose of this worke will not so permit The king in riding thorough the citie towards Westminster on the 15 daie of Iulie being wednesdaie was accompanied with such a traine of the nobilitie and others as in such case was requisite Sir Simon Burlie bare the sword before him and sir 〈…〉 foorth wine abundantlie In the towers were placed foure beautifull virgins of stature and age like to the king apparelled in white vestures in euerie tower one the which blew in the kings face at his approching néere to them leaues of gold and as he approched also they threw on him and his horsse fâ—orens of gold counterfeit When he was come before the castell they tooke cups of gold and filling them with wine at the spouts of the castell presented the same to the king and to his nobles On the top of the castell betwixt the foure towers stood a golden angell holding a crowne in his hands which was so contriued that when the king came he bowed downe offered to him the crowne But to speake of all the pageants and shewes which the citizens had caused to be made and set foorth in honour of their new king it were superfluous euerie one in their quarters striuing to surmount other and so with great triumphing of citizens and ioy of the lords and noble men he was conueied vnto his palace at Westminster where he rested for that night The morrow after being thursdaie and the 16 day of Iulie he was fetcht to the church with procession of the bishops and monks and comming before the high altar where the pauement was couered with rich clothes of tapistrie he there kneeled downe and made his praiers whilest two bishops soong the Letanie which being finished the king was brought to his seat the quéere singing an antheme beginning Firmetur manus tuâ— That doone there was a sermon preached by a bishop touching the dutie of a king how he ought to behaue himselfe towards the people and how the people ought to be obedient vnto him The sermon being ended the king receiued his oth before the archbishop and nobles which doone the archbishop hauing the lord Henrie Percie lord marshall going before him turned him to euerie quarter of the church declaring to the people the kings oth and demanding of them if they would submit themselues vnto such a prince gouernor and obeie his commandements and when the people with a lowd voice had answered that they would obeie him the archbishop vsing certeine praiers blessed the king which ended the archbishop came vnto him and tearing his garments from the highest part to the lowest stripped him to his shirt Then was brought by earles a certeine couerture of cloth of gold vnder the which he remained whilest he was annointed The archbishop as we haue said hauing stripped him first annointed his hands then his head brest shoulders and the ioints of his armes with the sacred oile saieng certeine praiers and in the meane time did the quéere sing the antheme beginning Vnxâ—runt regem Salomonem c. And the archbishop added another praier Deus Dei filius c. Which ended he and the other bishops soong the hymne Veni creator spiritus the king knéeling in a long vesture the archbishop with his suffraganes about him When the hymne was ended he was lift vp by the archbishop and clad first with the coate of saint Edward and after with his 〈…〉 〈…〉 In line 10 the meane time whilest the archbishop blessed the kings crowne he to whose office it apperteined did put spurs on his héeles After the crowne was blessed the archbishop set it on his head saieng Coronet te Deus c. Then did the archbishop deliuer to him a ring with these words Accipe annulum c. Immediatlie herewith came the lord Furniuall by vertue of his office offering to him a red gloue which the archbishop blessed and putting it on his hand gaue to him the scepter with these words Accipe sceptrum c. line 20 Then did the archbishop deliuer to him in his other hand a rod in the top whereof stood a doue with these words Accipe virgam virtutis c. After this the archbishop blessed the king saieng Benedicat de Deus c. These things doone the king kissed the bishops and abbats by whome he was lead afterwards vnto his seat the bishops beginning to sing Te deum which ended the archbishop
the citie with two iorden pots about his necke and a whetstone in token that he had well deserued it for the notable lie which he had made About the same time certeine English ships of Rie and other places went to the sea and meeting pirats fought with them and ouercame them taking seuen ships with thrée hundred men in them One of those ships had béene taken from the Englishmen afore time and was called the falcon belonging to the lord William Latimer They were all richlie laden with wine wax and other good merchandize This yeare the maior of London Iohn de Northampton otherwise called Iohn de Comberton did punish such as were taken in adulterie verie extremelie for first he put them in the prison called the tunne that then stood in Cornehill and after caused the women to haue their haire cut as théeues in those daies were serued that were appeachers of others and so were they led about the stréets with trumpets pipes going before them Neither were the men spared more than the women being put to manie open shames and reproches But bicause the punishment of such offenses was thought rather to apperteine vnto the spirituall iurisdiction than to the temporall the bishop of London and other of the cleargie tooke it in verie euill part but the maior being a stout man would not forbeare but vsed his authoritie héerein to the vttermost About the same time also when the archbishop of Canturburie sate in iudgement vpon a processe that was framed against one Iohn Aston a maister of art that was an earnest follower of Wicliffes doctrine the Londoners brake open the doores where the archbishop with his diuines sate and caused them to giue ouer so that they durst procéed no further in that matter The same yéere were the fishmoongers of London sore disquieted by the foresaid maior who sought to infringe their liberties granting licence to forreners to come and sell all manner of fish as freelie and more fréelie than any of the companie of fishmoongers for they might not buie it at the forreners hands to sell it againe by any meanes and so that companie which before had beene accompted one of the chiefest in the citie was now so brought downe as it séemed to be one of the meanest being compelled to confesse that their occupation was no craft nor worthie so to be accompted amongst other the crafts of the citie In this yeare the one and twentith of Maie being wednesdaie a great earthquake chanced about one of the clocke in the after noone it was so vehement and namelie in Kent that the churches were shaken therewith in such wise that some of them were ouerthrowen to the ground On the saturdaie after being the foure and twentiâ—h day of Maie earelie in the morning chanced an other earthquake or as some write a watershake being of so vehement violent a motion that it made the ships in the hauens to beat one against the other by reason wherof they were sore brused by such knocking togither to the great woonder of the people who being amazed at such strange tokens stood a long time after in more awe of Gods wrath and displeasure than before for these so strange and dreadfull woonders thus shewed amongst them howbeit when these terrors were forgotten they followed their former dissolutenes from the which for a time they were withdrawne through feare of Gods heuie hand hanging ouer their heads but afterward like swine they wallowed afresh in their puddels of pollusions as dogs licked vp their filthie vomit of corruption and naughtinesse for Sordida natura semper sequitur sua iura About this season the lord Richard Scroope lord chancellor was deposed from that roome and the king receiuing the great seale at his hands kept it a certeine time and sealed therewith such grants and writings as it pleased him at length it was deliuered to Robert Braibrooke bishop of London who was made lord chancellor The cause why the lord Scroope was remooued from that dignitie was this When the king vpon certeine respects had granted certeine gentlemen the lands and possessions that belonged to the late earle of March and other that were deceassed which he during the time of their heires minorities ought to inioy by the lawes of the realme the said lord chancellor refused to seale such grants alledging that the king being greatlie in debt which he was to discharge stood in need of such profits himselfe and therefore as he said he tooke not them for faithfull seruants nor dutifull subiects to his grace that respecting their owne priuat commoditie more than his or the realmes did sue for such grants at his hands aduising them to hold themselues contented with such other things as it had pleased or might please the king to bestow vpon line 10 them for suerlie he would not consent that they should inioy such gifts as those were They that were thus reiected made their complaint in such sort to the king that he taking displeasure with the said lord Scroope deposed him from his office to the great offense both of the nobles and commons by whose consent he was preferred vnto that dignitie About Michaelmasse this yeare certeine naughtie disposed persons in Norffolke not warned by the successe of the late rebellion went about a new line 20 commotion intending to murther the bishop of Norwich and all the nobles and gentlemen of that countrie And to bring their wicked purpose the better to passe they determined to haue assembled togither at S. Faithes faire and to haue compelled all those that should haue béene present at the same faire to haue taken part with them or else to haue lost their liues and this being doone they would haue taken S. Benets abbeie at Holme which they would haue kept for a fortresse to haue withdrawne into vpon anie line 30 force that had beene against them But yer they could bring their purpose to passe one of the conspiracie bewraieng the matter they were taken lost their heads at Norwich for their malicious deuises About the same time a parlement was called to the which certeine commissioners from the countrie of Flanders came to treat of certeine agréements betwixt the king and realme and the states of their countrie but bicause those that came ouer at this time seemed not sufficient to conclude such treatie line 40 as then was in hand they were sent backe to fetch other more sufficient as from euerie towne in Flanders some such as might haue full authoritie to go through and confirme the agréements then in hand In this parlement the maior of London with a great part of the commoners of the citie vpon suggestion by them made against the fishmongers for vsing great deceit in vttering of their fishes obteined to haue it inacted that from thencefoorth none of that companie nor anie of the vinteners butchers line 50 grossers or other that sold anie
quéene wife to king Richard then laie Here setting a good countenance of the matter the earle of Kent declared in presence of the queenes seruants that the lord Henrie of Lancaster was fled from his presence with his children and fréends and had shut vp himselfe them in the Tower of London as one afraid to come abroad for all the brags made heretofore of his manhood and therefore saith he my intention is my lords to go to Richard that was is and shall be our king who being alreadie escaped foorth of prison lieth now at Pomfret with an hundred thousand men And to cause his spéech the better to be beléeued he tooke awaie the kings cognisances from them that ware the same as the collars from their necks and the badges of cressants from line 10 the sleeues of the seruants of houshold and throwing them awaie said that such cognisances were no longer to be borne Thus hauing put the quéene in a vaine hope of that which was nothing so they departed from thence vnto Wallingford and after to Abington intising the people by all meanes possible vnto rebellion all the waie as they went and sending their agents abroad for the same purpose at length they came to Circester in the darke of the night and tooke vp their line 20 lodgings The inhabitants of that towne suspecting the matter and iudging as the truth was these rumors which the lords spred abroad to be but dreams they tooke therevpon counsell togither got them to armor and stopped all the entries and outgates of the Innes where these new ghestes were lodged insomuch that when they about midnight secretlie attempted to haue come foorth and gone their waies the townesmen with bow and arrowes were readie to staie them and keepe them in The lords perceiuing line 30 the danger got them to their armor and weapons and did their best by force to breake through and repell the townesmen But after they had fought from midnight till three of the clocke in the afternoone of the next daie and perceiued they could not preuaile they yeelded themselues to the townesmen beseeching them to haue their liues saued till they might come to the kings presence This request they had obteined if a préest that was chapleine to one of them had not in the meane time line 40 set fire vpon certeine houses in the towne to the end that whiles the townesmen should busie themselues to quench the fire the lords might find meanes to escape But it came nothing to passe as he imagined for the townesmen leauing all care to saue their houses from the rage of the fire were kindled more in furie towards the lords and so to reuenge themselues of them they brought them foorth of the abbeie where they had them in their hands and in the twilight of the euening stroke off their heads ¶ The earle of Salisburie saith Thomas Walsingham who line 50 in all his life time had béene a fauourer of the Lollards or Wickleuists a despiser of images a contemner of canons and a scorner of the sacraments ended his daies as it was reported without the sacrament of confession These be the words of Thom. Wals. which are set downe to signifie that the earle of Salisburie was a bidden ghâ—st to blockham feast with the rest and as it should séeme by his relation the more maligned bicause he was somwhat estranged line 60 froÌ„ the corruption of the religion then receiued and leaued to a sect pursued with spitefulnesse and reuenge Iohn Holland earle of Huntington as Thomas Walsingham writeth was not with the lords at the castell of Windsore but staied about London to behold the end of his businesse and hearing bow the maâ—ter went farre contrarie to that he wished be sought to flie by sea but not able to get awaie by reason the wind being contrarie would not permit him he tooke his horsse and hauing a knight with him called sir Iohn Sâ—ellie he road into Essex attempting to haue fled from thence by sea but still the wind was so against him that he was continuallie driuen backe when he was about to make saile and so comming againe to land he was taken one euening at Pitwell in Essex in a mill that belonged to one of his trustie freends as he sat there at supper togither with the said sir Iohn Shellie The commons of the countrie that tooke him brought him first to Chelmesford and after to Plashie where on the daie of S. Maure that is the fiftéenth of Ianuarie about sun setting he was beheaded in the verie place in which the duke of Glocester was arrested by king Richard He confessed with lamentable repentance as writers doo record that diuers manie waies he had offended God and his prince bicause that vnderstanding the purpose of the other lords he had not reuealed the same The lord Hugh Spenser otherwise called earle of Glocester as he would haue fled into Wales was taken and carried to Bristow where according to the earnest desires of the commons he was beheaded Maudelen fléeing into Scotland was taken by the waie and brought to the Tower Manie other that were priuie to this conspiracie were taken and put to death some at Oxford as sir Thomas Blunt sir Benet Cilie knight and Thomas Wintercell esquier but sir Leonard Brokas and sir Iohn Shellie knights Iohn Maudelen and William Ferbie chapleins were drawne hanged and beheaded at London There were ninetéene in all executed in one place and other and the heads of the cheefe conspirators were set on polles ouer London bridge to the terror of others Shortlie after the abbat of Westminster in whose house the conspiracie was begun as is said gooing betweene his monasterie mansion for thought fell into a sudden palsie and shortlie after without speech ended his life The bishop of Carleill was impeached and condemned of the same conspiracie but the king of his mercifull clemencie pardoned him of that offense although he died shortlie after more through feare than force of sicknesse as some haue written Thus all the associats of this vnhappie conspiracie tasted the painefull penance of their plesant pastime Thus haue yee heard what writers haue recorded of this matter with some difference betwixt them that write how the king should haue béene made awaie at a iusts and other that testifie how it should haue béene at a maske or mummerie but whether they meant to haue dispatched hiâ—â—t a mumming or at a iusts their purpose being reuealed by the earle of Rutland they were brought to confusion as before yée haue heard And immediatlie after king Henrie to rid himselfe of anie such like danger to be attempted against him thereafter caused king Richard to die of a violent death that no man should afterward faine himselfe to represent his person though some haue said he was not priuie to that wicked offense The common fame is that he was
euerie daie serued at the table with costlie meat like a king to the intent that no creature should suspect anie thing doone contrarie to the order taken in the parlement and when the meat was set before him he was forbidden once to touch it yea he was not permitted so much as to smell to it and so he died of forced famine ¶ But Thomas Walsingham is so farre from imputing his death to compulsorie famine that he referreth it altogither to voluntarie pining of himselfe For when he heard that the complots and attempts of such his fauourers as sought his restitution and their owne aduancement adnihilated and the chéefe agents shamefullie executed â—e tooke such a conceit at these misfortunes for so Thomas Walsingham termeth them and was so beaten out of bart that wilfullie he starued himselfe and so died in Pomfret castell on S. Ualentines daie a happie daie to him for it was the beginning of his ease and the ending of his paine so that death was to him daintie and swéet as the poet saith and that verie well in bréefe Dulce mori miseris Neque est melius morte in malis rebus One writer which seemeth to haue great knowledge of king Richards dooings saith that king Henrie sitting on a daie at his table sore sighing said Haue I no faithfull fréend which will deliuer me line 10 of him whose life will be my death and whose death will be the preseruation of my life This saieng was much noted of them which were present and especiallie of one called sir Piers of Exton This knight incontinentlie departed from the court with eight strong persons in his companie and came to Pomfret commanding the esquier that was accustomed to sew and take the assaie before king Richard to doo so no more saieng Let him eat now for he shall not long eat King Richard sat downe to dinner and line 20 was serued without courtesie or assaie wherevpon much maruelling at the sudden change he demanded of the esquier whie he did not his dutie Sir said he I am otherwise commanded by sir Piers of Exton which is newlie come from K. Henrie When king Richard heard that word he tooke the keruing knife in his hand and strake the esquier on the head saieng The diuell take Henrie of Lancaster and thée togither And with that word sir Piers entred the chamber well armed with eight tall men likewise armed line 30 euerie of them hauing a bill in his hand King Richard perceiuing this put the table from him steping to the formost man wrung the bill out of his hands so valiantlie defended himselfe that he slue foure of those that thus came to assaile him Sir Piers being halfe dismaied herewith lept into the chaire where king Richard was woont to sit while the other foure persons fought with him and chased him about the chamber And in conclusion as king Richard trauersed his ground from one side of the line 40 chamber to an other comming by the chaire where sir Piers stood he was felled with a stroke of a pollar which sir Piers gaue him vpon the head and therewiâ—h rid him out of life without giuing him respit once to call to God for mercie of his passed offenses It is said that sir Piers of Exton after he had thus slaine him wept right bitterlie as one striken with the pricke of a giltie conscience for murthering him whome he had so long time obeied as king After he was thus dead his bodie was imbalmed and line 50 séered and couered with lead all saue the face to the intent that all men might sée him and perceiue that he was departed this life for as the corps was conueied from Pomfret to London in all the townes and places where those that had the conueiance of it did staie with it all night they caused dirige to be soong in the euening and masse of Requiem in the morning and as well after the one seruice as the other his face discouered was shewed to all that coueted to behold it line 60 Thus was the corps first brought to the Tower and after through the citie to the cathedrall church of saint Paule bare faced where it laie thrée daies togither that all men might behold it There was a solemne obsequie doone for him both at Paules and after at Westminster at which time both at dirige ouernight and in the morning at the masse of Requiem the king and the citizens of London were present When the same was ended the corps was commanded to be had vnto Langlie there to be buried in the church of the friers preachers The bishop of Chester the abbats of saint Albons and Waltham celebrated the exequies for the buriall none of the nobles nor anie of the commons to accompt of being present neither was there anie to bid them to dinner after they had laid him in the ground and finished the funerall seruice He was after by king Henrie the fiâ—â— remooued to Westminster and there honorablie intoomed with quéene Anne his wife although the Scots vntruelie write that he escaped out of prison and led a vertuous and a solitarie life in Scotland and there died is buried as they hold in the blacke friers at Sterling ¶ But Fabian and others doo as it were point out the place of his interrement saieng that he lieth intoomed on the south side of saint Edwards shrine with an epitaph expressing partlie his proportion of bodie and partlie his properties of mind as after followeth in a rimed hexastichon Prudens mundus Richardus iure secundus Per fatum victus iacet hîc sub marmore pictus Verax sermone fuit plenus ratione Corpore procerus animo prudens vt Homerus Ecclesiae fauit elatos suppeditauit Quemuis prostrauit regalia qui violauit When the newes of king Richards deposing was reported in France king Charles and all his court woondering detested and abhorred such an iniurie doone to an annointed king to a crowned prince and to the head of a realme but in especiall Walerane earle of saint Paule which had married king Richards halfe sister mooued with great disdaine towards king Henrie ceassed not to stirre king Charles his councell to make warres against the Englishmen and he himselfe sent letters of defiance into England The earles sute was easilie agréed vnto and an armie roiall appointed with all speed to inuade England The armie was come downe into Picardie redie to be transported into England but when it was certeinelie knowen that king Richard was dead and that the enterprise of his deliuerance which was chéeflie meant was frustrate and void the armie was dissolued But when the certeintie of K. Richards death was intimate to the Gascoignes the most part of the wisest men of the countrie were right pensiue for they iudged verelie that hereby the English nation should be brought to dishonour and losse of their ancient fame and
of this worthie prelat considering that by him so great a benefit hath returned to the common-wealth line 10 according to such notes as I haue séene collected by that painfull traueller in search of antiquities Iohn Leland who saith that as some haue supposed the said Wickham otherwise called Perot was base sonne to one Perot the towne-clerke of Wickham in Hampshire of which place he tooke his surname and that one maister Wodall a gentleman dwelling in the said towne brought him vp at schoole where he learned his grammar and to write verie faire in so much that the constable of Winchester line 20 castell a great ruler in those daies in Hampshire got him of maister Wodall and reteined him to be his secretarie with whome he continued till king Edward the third comming to Winchester conceiued some good liking of the yoong man and tooke him to his seruice and withall vnderstanding that he was minded to be a churchman he first made him parson and deane of saint Martins in London then archdeacon of Buckingham But for so much as his seruice was right acceptable line 30 to the king as he that with great dexteritie could handle such affaires of the state or other matters of charge as were committed to his hands the king still kept him about his person as one of his chéefe chapleins of houshold and imploied him in sundrie offices as occasions serued and first he made him surueior of his works and buildings namelie at Windsore in reparing of that castell and also at Quinburrough where by the kings appointment a strong fortresse was raised for defense of the realme line 40 on that side After this he was aduanced to the kéeping of the priuie seale made ouerséeer of the wards and forrests also treasuror of the kings reuenues in France and at length was made bishop of Winchester Yet the Blacke prince did not greatlie fauour him wherevpon Wickham procured to kéepe him occupied in warres beyond the seas But at length Iohn duke of Lancaster and Alice Perers king Edwards concubine conceiuing some great displeasure against him found meane to procure the king to line 50 banish him the realme and then he remained in Normandie and Picardie for the space of seauen yeares or thereabout and might not be restored so long as king Edward liued But after his deceasse about the second yeare of king Richard the seconds reigne he was restored home and purchased a generall pardon for all matters past that might be surmized against him or laid to his charge Afterwards he bare himselfe so vprightlie in that dangerous time when such misliking and priuie enuie line 60 reigned betwixt the king and his nobles that both parts séemed to like of him insomuch that when the king made him lord chancellor there was not anie that greatlie repined thereat and verelie in that the king made choise of him before others to occupie that place it argueth there was not so euill a disposition in the king nor lacke of discretion in order of gouernment as writers seeme to charge him with But where other could not so well beare iniuries at others hands as happilie Wickham could the fire of dissention cheeflie kindled thereof For if the duke of Irelâ—nd and the earle of Suffolke with those of that faction could haue refrained to shew their displeasures when the duke of Glocester and other his complices pinched at them for that they saw the king haue them in more estimation than they wished matters might haue béene qualified peraduenture with lesse adoo and without danger to haue insued to either part But howsoeuer it went with them it may doubtlesse be easilie coniectured that Wickham was a man of singular wisedome and politike forecast that could from meane degrée in such wise clime aloft and afterwards passe through the chances and changes of variable fortune kéeping himselfe euer so in state that he grew at length to be able to furnish the chargeable expenses of two such notable foundations which he left behind him to make his name immortall But leauing the consideration hereof to others I will returne to the purpose from whence I haue thus far stepped In this sixt yeare the fridaie after saint Ualentines daie year 1405 the earle of March his sonnes earlie in the morning were taken foorth of Windsore castell and conueied awaie it was not knowne whither at the first but such search and inquirie was made for them that shortlie after they were heard of and brought backe againe The smith that counterfeited the keies by the which they that conueied them thence got into the chamber where they were lodged had first his hands cut off and after his head striken from his shoulders The ladie Spenser sister to the duke of Yorke and widow of the lord Thomas Spenser executed at Bristow as before yee haue heard being apprehended and committed to close prison accused hir brother the duke of Yorke as chéefe authour in stealing awaie the said earle of March his sonnes And further that the said duke ment to haue broken into the manor of Eltham the last Christmasse by scaling the wals in the night season the king being there the same time to the intent to haue murthered him For to prooue hir accusation true she offered that if there were anie knight or esquier that would take vpon him to fight in hir quarrell if he were ouercome she would be content to be burnt for it One of hir esquiers named William Maidstone hearing what answer his ladie and mistresse propounded cast downe his hood and proffered in hir cause the combat The duke likewise cast downe his hood readie by battell to cleare his innocencie But yet the kings sonne lord Thomas of Lancaster arrested him and put him vnder safe kéeping in the Tower till it were further knowne what order should be taken with him and in the meane time were all his goods confiscate The same time was Thomas Mowbraie earle marshall accused as priuie to the purpose of the duke of Yorke touching the withdrawing of the earle of March his children who confessed indéed that he knew of the dukes purpose but yet in no wise gaue his consent therevnto and therefore besought the king to be good and gratious lord vnto him for concealing the matter and so he obteined pardon of that offense The king had assembled at the same time the most part of the nobilitie at London to consult with them for diuerse weightie matters concerning the state of the common-wealth and about some aid of monie which he required but the lords shewed themselues not willing to satisfie his request He therfore caused the spirituall lords as well as the temporall to méet at S. Albons in the Lent season about the same matter but yet obteined not his purpose by reason the barons were sore against him and so at length on Palme sundaie they went their waie each man to his home hauing gratified the king in nothing concerning his
demand In the meane time to wit the fiftéenth of March at a place in Wales called Huske in a conflict fought betwixt the Welshmen and certeine of the princes companie the sonne of Owen Glendouer was taken and fiftéene hundred Welshmen taken and slaine Also in Maie about the feast daie of S. Dunstane was the chancellor of the said Owen taken prisoner and a great number of other taken and slaine The prisoners were brought vp to London where the chancellor was committed to safe kéeping in the Tower ¶ This was a shrewd discomfiture to the Welsh by the English on whome sinister lot lowred at such time as more than a thousand of them were slaine in line 10 a hot skirmish and such shamefull villanie executed vpon the carcasses of the dead men by the Welshwomen as the like I doo beléeue hath neuer or sildome beene practised For though it was a cruell déed of Tomyris quéene of the Massagets in Scythia against whome when Cyrus the great king of Persia came and had slaine hir sonne she by hir policie trained him into such streicts that she slue him and all his host and causing a great vessell to be filled line 20 with the bloud of Cyrus and other Persians did cast his head thereinto saieng Bloud thou hast thirsted and now drinke thereof thy fill againe though it was a cruell déed of Fuluia the wife of Marcus Antonius at whose commandement Popilius cut off the head and hâ—nds of that golden mouthed orator Tullie which afterwards were nailed vp ouer the place of common plées at Rome to hold in hir hands the toong of that father of eloquence cut out of his head after the same was parted from his shoulders line 30 and to pricke it all ouer with pins and néedels yet neither the crueltie of Tomyris nor yet of Fuluia is comparable to this of the Welshwomen which is worthie to be recorded to the shame of a sex pretending the title of weake vessels and yet raging with such force of fiercenesse and barbarisme For the dead bodies of the Englishmen being aboue a thousand lieng vpon the ground imbrued â—n their owne bloud was a sight a man would thinke greeuous to looke vpon and so farre from exciting and stirring vp affections line 40 of crueltie that it should rather haue mooued the beholders to commiserâ—tion and mercie yet did the women of Wales cut off their priuities and put one part thereof into the mouthes of euerie dead man in such sort that the cullions hoong downe to their chins and not so contented they did cut off their noses and thrust them into their tailes as they laie on the ground mangled and defaced This was a verie ignominious déed and a woorsse not committed among the barbarous which though it make the line 50 reader to read it and the hearer to heare it ashamed yet bicause it was a thing doone in open sight and left testified in historie I see little reason â—hie it should not be imparted in our mother toong to the knowledge of our owne countrimen as well as vnto strangers in a language vnknowne And thus much by waie of notifieng the inhumanitie and detestable demeanour of those Welshwomen after the conflict betwéene the English and the Welsh whereof desultorie mention is made before pag. 520 line 60 where Edmund Mortimer earle of March was taken prisoner Ualeran earle of S. Paule by the assent of the French king assembled fiue hundred men of armes fiue hundred Genowaies with crossebowes and a thousand Flemings on foot with the which he laid siege to the castell of Marke thrée leagues from Calis vpon the fiftéenth daie of Iulie Capteine of the castell as then for the king of England was one sir Philip Hall hauing with him foure score archers and foure and twentie other soldiers which defended the place so manfullie that the earle retired into the towne and there lodged fortifieng it for feare of rescue that might come from Calis The next daie he gaue an other assault to the castell and tooke the vtter court wherin was found a great number of horsses kine and other cattell The next daie there issued foorth of Calis two hundred men of armes two hundred archers and thrée hundred footmen with ten or twelue wagons laden with vittels and artillerie conducted by sir Richard Aston knight lieutenant of the English pale for the earle of Summerset capteine generall of those marches The Frenchmen aduertised that the Englishmen were comming to remooue the siege issued not foorth of their lodgings but kept them within their closure Neuerthelesse the Englishmen shot so sharpelie and closelie togither that the Flemings and footmen began to flie the men of armes fearing the slaughter of their horsses ran awaie with a light gallop The Genowaies which had spent the most part of their shot at the assaults made to the castell shewed small resistance and so all the number of the French part were slaine and put to flight The earle of S. Paule and diuerse other escaped awaie and by S. Omers got to Therouenne or as others saie to saint Omers But there were taken to the number of thrée or foure score and amongst other the lord de Dampier seneshall of Ponthien monsieur de Weriners monsieur de Uineles monsieur de Noielles monsieur Iohn de Hangests capteine of Bullongne the lord de Rambures monsieur Lionell Darreis capteine of Graueling monsieur Peter Rasser capteine of Arde also Combernard capteine of Tironan Boid Chanon capteine of Montoire Iohn Chanon capteine of Lisle Stenebecke capteine of Ralingham the bastard of Burneuill capteine of Burburgh There were slaine about 60 and among them as cheefe sir Robert Berengueuill the lord of Quercus Morell de Saucuses the lord Courbet de Rempeupret and others The Englishmen had the spoile of the earls campe and being returned to Calis within fiue daies after there issued foorth about fiue hundred men meaning to haue woone the towne of Arde with a sudden assault which they gaue to it in the night time But sir Manfrid de Bois and the lord Kigine did so valiantlie defend it that the Englishmen with losse of fortie of their men were constreined to returne vnto Caâ—lis after they had burnt the dead bodies in an old house for that the enimies should not perceiue what losse the Englishmen had susteineâ— After this the French king to auoid perils laid in garison at Bullongne and in other places the marques of Pount sonne to the duke of Bar the earle of Dampnie and sir Iohn Harpâ—dan a knight of great renowme and estimation The duke of Burgâ—gnie likewise sent a a number of soldiers vnto Graueling vnder the leading of one Iohn Uandenwall and to other fortresses alongst the coast he sent new supplies for doubt of the Englishmens inuasions The king of England in deed hearing of the preparation made â—or warre by the Frenchmen leuied foure thousand 〈◊〉 which he sent vnto Calis and
armes on the duke of Burgognions side year 1430 one Franquet and his band of three hundred souldiers making all towards the maintenance of the siege the Pusell Ione and a foure hundred with hir did méet In great courage and force did she and hir people sundrie times assaile him but he with his though much vnder in number by meanes of his archers in good order set did so hardilie withstand them that for the first and second push she rather lost than wan Wherat this captinesse striken into a fretting chafe called out in all hast the garrison of Laignie and from other the forts thereabout who thicke and threefold came downe with might and maine in armour and number so far excéeding Franquets that though they had doone hir much hurt in hir horsemen yet by the verie multitude were they oppressed most in hir furie put to the sword as for to Franquet that worthie capteine himselfe hir rage not appeased till out of hand she had his head stroken off contrarie to all manhood but she was a woman if she were that contrarie to common right law of armes The man for his merits was verie much lamented and she by hir malice then found of what spirit she was After this the duke of Burgognie accompanied with the earles of Arundell and Suffolke and the lord Iohn of Lutzenburgh besieged the towne of Campiegne with a great puissance This towne was well walled manned and vittelled so that the besiegers were constreined to cast trenches and make mines for otherwise they saw not how to compasse their purpose In the meane time it happened in the night of the Ascension of our Lord that Poiton de Saintreiles Ione la Pusell and fiue or six hundred line 10 men of armes issued out by the bridge toward Mondedier intending to set fire in the tents and lodgings of the lord Bawdo de Noielle ¶ In this yeare of our Lord among diuerse notable men of learning and knowledge one Richard Fleming English borne a doctor of diuinitie professed in Oxford did flourish who by the prouidence of God grew in such fauour with this king Henrie the sixt the nobles néere about him that he was preferred line 20 to the bishops see of Lincolne This man founded Lincolne college in Oxford in which vniuersitie he had beene a profitable student Diuerse bookes he wrote as the vniuersitie librarie dooth beare witnesse whereof these following haue béene séene vnder their names and titles to wit A protestation against the Spaniards the Frenchmen and the Scots made in the generall councell holden at Sens one booke of the Etymologie of England besides diuerse other treatises as Gesner reporteth Ex bibliotheca Oxonij aforesaid line 30 At the verie same time that Campeigne was besieged as before is said sir Iohn of Lutzenburgh with eight other gentlemen chanced to be néere vnto the lodging of the said lord Bawdo where they espied the Frenchmen which began to cut downe tents ouerthrow pauilions kill men in their beds whervpon they with all speed assembled a great number of men as well English as Burgognions and couragiouslie set on the Frenchmen and in the end beat line 40 them backe into the towne so that they fled so fast that one letted another as they would haue entered In the chase and pursute was the Pusell taken with diuerse other besides those that were slaine which were no small number Diuerse were hurt also on both parts Among the Englishmen sir Iohn Montgomerie had his arme broken and sir Iohn Steward was shot into the thigh with a quarell As before ye haue heard somewhat of this damsels strange beginning and proceedings so sith the line 50 ending of all such miraclemongers dooth for the most part plainelie decipher the vertue and power that they worke by hir shall ye be aduertised what at last became of hir cast your opinions as ye haue cause Of hir louers the Frenchmen reporteth one how in Campeigne thus besieged Guillaume de Flauie the capteine hauing sold hir aforehand to the lord of Lutzenburgh vnder colour of hasting hir with a band out of the towne towards their king for him with spéed to come and leauie the siege there so gotten hir line 60 foorth he shut the gates after hir when anon by the Burgognians set vpon and ouermatcht in the conflict she was taken marie yet all things accounted to no small maruell how it could come so to passe had she béene of any deuotion or of true beléefe and no false miscreant but all holie as she made it For earlie that morning she gat hir to saint Iameses church confessed hir and receiued hir maker as the booke termes it and after setting hir selfe to a piller manie of the townesmen that with a fiue or six score of their children stood about there to see hir vnto them quod she Good children and my déere freends I tell you plaine one hath sold me I am betraied and shortlie shall be deliuered to death I beséech you praie to God for me for I shall neuer haue more power to doo seruice either to the king or to the realme of France againe Saith another booke she was intrapt by a Picard capteine of Soissons who sold that citie to the duke of Burgognie and he then put it ouer into the hands of the lord of Lutzenburgh so by that meanes the Burgognians approched and besieged Campeigne for succour whereof as damsell Ione with hir capteins from Laignie was thither come and dailie to the English gaue manie a hot skirmish so happened it one a daie in an outsallie that she made by a Picard of the lord of Lutzenburghs band in the fiercest of hir fight she was taken and by him by and by to his lord presented who sold hir ouer againe to the English who for witchcraft and sorcerie burnt hir at Rone Tillet telleth it thus that she was caught at Campeigne by one of the earle of Ligneis soldiers from him had to Beaureuoir castell where kept a thrée months she was after for ten thousand pounds in monie and thrée hundred pounds rent all Turnois sold into the English hands In which for hir pranks so vncoush and suspicious the lord regent by Peter Chauchon bishop of Beauuois in whose diocesse she was taken caused hir life and beléefe after order of law to be inquired vpon and examined Wherein found though a virgin yet first shamefullie reiecting hir sex abominablie in acts and apparell to haue counterfeit mankind and then all damnablie faithlesse to be a pernicious instrument to hostilitie and bloudshed in diuelish witchcraft and sorcerie sentence accordinglie was pronounced against hir Howbeit vpon humble confession of hir iniquities with a counterfeit contrition pretending a carefull sorow for the same execution spared and all mollified into this that from thencefoorth she should cast off hir vnnaturall wearing of mans abilliments and kéepe hir to garments of
acts and statutes made afore this time by act of parlement not repealed or annulled by like authoritie or otherwise void be in suth force effect and vertue as they were afore the making of these ordinances and that no letters patents roialx of record nor acts iudiciall made or doone afore this time not repealed reuersed ne otherwise void by law be preiudiced or hurt by this present act line 20 This agreement put in articles was ingrossed sealed and sworne vnto by the two parties and also enacted in the parlement For ioy whereof the king hauing in his companie the duke of Yorke road to the cathedrall church of saint Paule in London and there on the day of All saints with the crowne on his head went solemnelie in procession and was lodged a good space after in the bishops palace néere to the said church And vpon the saturdaie next insuing line 30 Richard duke of Yorke was by sound of trumpet solemnelie proclamed heire apparant to the crowne of England and protectour of the realme After this the parlement kept at Couentrie the last yeare was declared to be a diuelish councell and onelie had for destruction of the nobilitie and was indéed no lawfull parlement bicause they which were returned were neuer elected according to the due order of the law but secretlie named by them which desired rather the destruction than the aduancement of the line 40 common-wealth When these agréements were enacted the king dissolued his parlement which was the last parlement that euer he ended The duke of Yorke well knowing that the queene would spurne against all this caused both hir and hir sonne to be sent for by the king But she as woont rather to rule than to be ruled and thereto counselled by the dukes of Excester and Summerset not onelie denied to come but also assembled a great armie intending to take the king by fine force out of the lords hands The protector in London hauing knowledge line 50 of all these dooings assigned the duke of Norffolke and erle of Warwike his trustie fréends to be about the king while he with the earles of Salisburie and Rutland and a conuenient number departed out of London the second daie of December northward and appointed the earle of March his eldest sonne to follow him with all his power The duke came to his castell of Sandall beside Wakefield on Christmasse éeuen there began to make muster of his tenants and fréends The quéene there of ascerteined determined line 60 to cope with him ye◠his succour were come Now she hauing in hir companie the prince hir sonne the dukes of Excester and Summerset the earle of Deuonshire the lord Clifford the lord Ros and in effect all the lords of the north parts with eightéene thousand men or as some write two and twentie thousand marched from Yorke to Wakefield and bad base to the duke euen before his castell gates He hauing with him not fullie fiue thousand persons contrarie to the minds of his faithfull councellors would needs issue foorth to fight with his enimies The duke of Summerset and the quéenes part casting vpon their most aduantage appointed the lord Clifford to lie in one stale and the earle of Wilshire in another and the duke with other to kéepe the maine battell The duke of Yorke with his people descended downe the hill in good order and arraie and was suffered to passe on towards the maine battell But when he was in the plaine field betweene his castell and the towne of Wakefield he was inuironed on euerie side like fish in a net so that though he fought manfullie yet was he within halfe an houre slaine and dead and his whole armie discomfited with him died of his trustie fréends his two bastard vncles sir Iohn and sir Hugh Mortimers sir Dauie Hall sir Hugh Hastings sir Thomas Neuill William and Thomas Aparre both brethren and two thousand and eight hundred others whereof manie were yoong gentlemen and heires of great parentage in the south parts whose kin reuenged their deaths within foure moneths next as after shall appeare In this conflict was wounded and taken prisoner Richard earle of Salisburie sir Richard Limbricke Rafe Stanleie Iohn Harow capteine Hanson and diuerse others The lord Clifford perceiuing where the earle of Rutland was conueied out of the field by one of his fathers chapleins and scholemaister to the same earle and ouertaking him stabbed him to the heart with a dagger as he kneeled afore him This earle was but a child at that time of twelue yeares of age whome neither his tender yeares nor dolorous countenance with holding vp both his hands for mercie for his speach was gone for feare could mooue the cruell heart of the lord Clifford to take pitie vpon him so that he was noted of great infamie for that his vnmercifull murther vpon that yoong gentleman But the same lord Clifford not satisfied herewith came to the place where the dead corpse of the duke of Yorke laie caused his head to be striken off and set on it a crowne of paper fixed it on a pole and presented it to the quéene not lieng farre from the field in great despite at which great reioising was shewed but they laughed then that shortlie after lamented and were glad then of other mens deaths that knew not their owne to be so néere at hand ¶ Some write that the duke was taken aliue and in derision caused to stand vpon a molehill on whose head they put a garland in steed of a crowne which they had fashioned and made of sedges or bulrushes and hauing so crowned him with that garland they knéeled downe afore him as the Iewes did vnto Christ in scorne saieng to him Haile king without rule haile king without heritage haile duke and prince without people or possessions And at length hauing thus scorned him with these and diuerse other the like despitefull words they stroke off his head which as yee haue heard they presented to the quéene Manie déemed that this miserable end chanced to the duke of Yorke as a due punishment for breaking his oth of allegiance vnto his souereigne lord king Henrie but others held him discharged thereof bicause he obteined a dispensation from the pope by such suggestion as his procurators made vnto him whereby the same oth was adiudged void as that which was receiued vnaduisedlie to the preiudice of himselfe and disheriting of all his posteritie After this victorie by the quéene the earle of Salisburie and all the prisoners were sent to Pomfret year 1461 and there beheaded whose heads togither with the duke of Yorkes head were conueied to Yorke and there set on poles ouer the gate of the citie in despite of them and their linage The earle of March now after the death of his father verie duke of Yorke lieng at Glocester was woonderfullie amazed when the sorrowfull newes of these mishaps came vnto him but after
Robsart sir William Brandon sir Iohn Sauell sir Henrie Wentford sir Edward Stanleie sir Henrie Sentmount sir William Yoong sir Thomas Bowser sir Henrie Winkefield sir Thomas Wortleie sir Iohn Sentlow sir line 60 Charles of Pilkington sir Iames Harrington sir Iohn Ashleie sir Thomas Berkeleie sir Richard Becham sir William Hopton sir Thomas Persie sir Robert Dimmocke sir Iohn Cheinie sir Richard Ludlow sir Iohn Eldrington sir William Sands sir Richard Dudleie sir William Sentlow sir Tho. Twaights sir Edmund of Dudleie sir Rafe Ashton sir Richard Charlington sir Thomas Greie sir Philip Berkelcie sir Robert Harington sir Thomas Greffleie sir Richard Harecourt sir William Noris sir Thomas Selenger sir Richard Hodlesten sir Iohn Conias sir William Stoner sir Philip Courtneie sir William Gascoigne sir Richard Amedilton sir Roger Fines sir George Uéere sir sir Henrie Persie sir Iohn Wood sir Iohn Aparre sir Iohn Greie sir Iohn Danbie sir Richard Taile-bush sir Iohn Rudet sir Iohn Herring sir Richard Euderbie sir Iohn Berkeleie sir Iames Stranguish sir Rafe Carnbrecke sir Iohn Constable sir Robert Eliard sir Richard Derell sir Iohn Gilford sir Iohn Lekenor sir Iohn Morleie sir Iohn Huâ—s sir Iohn Bologne sir Edmund Shaw alderman On the morow being the sixt daie of Iulie the king with quéene Anne his wife came downe out of the White hall into the great hall at Westminster and went directlie into the kings Bench. And from thense the king and the queene going vpon raie cloth barefooted went vnto saint Edwards shrine and all his nobilitie going with him euerie lord in his degrée And first went the trumpets and then the heralds of armes in their rich coats next followed the crosse with a solemne procession the priests hauing fine surplisses and graie amisses vpon them The abbats and bishops mitred and in rich copes euerie of them caried their crosiers in their hands The bishop of Rochester bare the crosse before the cardinall Then followed the earle of Huntington bearing a paire of gilt spurres signifieng knighthood Then followed the earle of Bedford bearing saint Edwards staffe for a relike After them came the earle of Northumberland bare-headed with the pointlesse sword naked in his hand which signified mercie The lord Stanleie bare the mace of the constableship The earle of Kent bare the second sword on the right hand of the king naked with a point which signified iustice vnto the temporaltie The lord Louell bare the third sword on the left hand with a point whch signified iustice to the cleargie The duke of Suffolke followed with the scepter in his hand which signified peace The earle of Lincolne bare the ball and crosse which signified a monarchie The earle of Surrie bare the fourth sword before the king in a rich scabberd and that is called the sword of estate Then went thrée togither in the middest went Garter king â—t armes in his rich cote and on his left hand wâ—nt the maior of London bearing a mace and on his right hand went the gentleman vsher of the priuie chamber Then followed the duke of Norffolke bearing the kings crowne betwéene his hands Then followed king Richard in his robes of purple veluet and ouer his head a canopie borne by foure barons of the cinque ports And on euerie side of the king there went one bishop that is to saie the bishop of Bath and the bishop of Durham Then followed the duke of Buckingham bearing the kings traine with a white staffe in his hand signifieng the office of the high steward of England Then there followed a great number of earles and barons before the queene And then came the earle of Huntington who bare the quéenes scepter and the vicount Lisle bearing the rod with the doue And the earle of Wilshire bare the queenes crowne Then followed quéene Anne daughter to Richard earle of Warwike in robes like to the king betwéene two bishops and a canopie ouer hir head borne by the barons of the ports On hir head a rich coronet set with stones and pearle After hir followed the countesse of Richmond heire to the duke of Summerset which bare vp the quéenes traine After followed the duchesse of Suffolke and Norffolke with countesses baronesses ladies and manie faire gentlewomen In this order they passed through the palace and entered the abbeie at the west end and so came to their seats of estate And after diuerse songs solemnelie soong they both ascended to the high altar and were shifted from their robes and had diuerse places open from the middle vpward in which places they were annointed Then both the king and the queene changed them into cloth of gold and ascended to their seats where the cardinall of Canturburie other bishops them crowned according to the custome of the realme giuing him the scepter in the left hand the ball with the crosse in the right hand and the queene had the scepter in hir right hand and the rod with the doue in hir left hand On euerie side of the king stood a duke and before line 10 him stood the earle of Surrie with the sword in his hands And on euerie side of the quéene standing a bishop a ladie kneeling The cardinall soong masse and after pax the king and the queene descended and before the high altar they were both houseled with one host diuided betweene them After masse finished they both offered at saint Edward his shrine and there the king left the crowne of saint Edward and put on his owne crowne And so in order as they came they departed to Westminster hall and so to their chambers for a season during which time the line 20 duke of Norffolke came into the hall his horsse trapped to the ground in cloth of gold as high marshall and voided the hall About foure of the clocke the king and queene entered the hall and the king sate in the middle and the queene on the left hand of the table and on euerie side of hir stood a countesse holding a cloth of pleasance when she list to drinke And on the right hand of the king sat the bishop of Canturburie The ladies sat all on one side in the middle of the hall And at the table against them sat line 30 the chancellor and all the lords At the table next the cupboord sat the maior of London and at the table behind the lords sat the barons of the ports and at the other tables sat noble and worshipfull personages When all persons were set the duke of Norffolke earle marshall the earle of Surrie constable for that daie the lord Stanlie lord steward sir William Hopton treasuror sir Thomas Persie controllor came in and serued the king solemnelie with line 40 one dish of gold and an other of siluer and the quéene all in gilt vessell and the bishop all in siluer At the second course came into the hall sir Robert Dimmocke the kings champion making proclamation that whosoeuer would saie
number of six hundred horsses was come on his waie to London-ward after secret méeting and communication had eftsoones departed Wherevpon at Northampton the duke met with the protector himselfe with thrée hundred horsses line 20 and from thense still continued with him partner of all his deuises till that after his coronation they departed as it séemed verie great fréends at Glocester From whense as soone as the duke came home he so lightlie turned from him and so highlie conspired against him that a man would maruell whereof the change grew And suerlie the occasion of their variance is of diuerse men diuerselie reported Some haue I heard say that the duke a little before line 30 his coronation among other things required of the protector the duke of Herefords lands to the which he pretended himselfe iust inheritor And forsomuch as the title which he claimed by inheritance was somwhat interlaced with the title to the crowne by the line of king Henrie before depriued the protector conceiued such indignation that he reiected the dukes request with manie spitefull and minatorie words Which so wounded his heart with hatred and mistrust that he neuer after could indure to looke line 40 aright on king Richard but euer feared his owne life so far foorth that when the protector rode through London toward his coronation he feined himselfe sicke bicause he would not ride with him And the other also taking it in euill part sent him word to rise and come ride or he would make him be caried Wherevpon he rode on with euill will and that notwithstanding on the morow rose from the feast feining himselfe sicke and king Richard said it was doone in hatred and despite of him line 50 And they said that euer after continuallie each of them liued in such hatred and distrust of other that the duke verelie looked to haue beene murthered at Glocester from which nathelesse he in faire maner departed But suerlie some right secret at that daie denie this and manie right wise men thinke it vnlikelie the déepe dissembling nature of both those men considered and what néed in that gréene world the protector had of the duke and in what perill the duke stood if he fell once in suspicion of the tyrant line 60 that either the protector would giue the duke occasion of displeasure or the duke the protector occasion of mistrust And verelie men thinke that if king Richard had anie such opinion conceiued he would neuer haue suffered him to escape his hands Uerie truth it is the duke was an high minded man and euill could beare the glorie of another so that I haue heard of some that say they saw it that the duke at such time as the crowne was first set vpon the protectors head his eie could not abide the sight thereof but wried his head another way But men say that he was of truth not well at ease and that both to king Richard well knowne and not euill taken nor anie demand of the dukes vncourteouslie reiected but he both with great gifts and high behests in most louing and trustie maner departed at Glocester But soone after his comming home to Brecknocke hauing there in his custodie by the commandement of king Richard doctor Morton bishop of Elie who as ye before heard was taken in the councell at the Tower waxed with him familiar whose wisedome abused his pride to his owne deliuerance and the dukes destruction The bishop was a man of great naturall wit verie well learned and honorable in behauior lacking no wise waies to win fauour He had béene fast vpon the part of king Henrie while that part was in wealth and nathelesse left it not nor forsooke it in wo but fled the realme with the queene the prince while king Edward had the king in prison neuer came home but to the field After which lost and that part vtterlie subdued the other for his fast faith and wisedome not onelie was content to receiue him but also wooed him to come and had him from thencefoorth both in secret trust and verie speciall fauour which he nothing deceiued For he being as yée haue heard after king Edwards death first taken by the tyrant for his truth to the king found the meane to set this duke in his top ioined gentlemen togither in the aid of king Henrie deuising first the mariage betwéene him king Edwards daughter by which his faith he declared the good seruice to both his masters at once with infinit benefit to the realme by the coniunction of those two blouds in one whose seuerall titles had long disquieted the land he fled the realme went to Rome neuer minding more to meddle with the world till the noble prince king Henrie the seuenth gat him home againe made him archbishop of Canturburie and chancellor of England wherevnto the pope ioined the honour of cardinall Thus liuing manie daies in as much honor as one man might well wish ended them so godlie that his death with Gods mercie well changed his life This man therefore as I was about to tell you by the long often alternate proofe as well of prosperitie as aduerse fortune had gotten by great experience the verie mother and mistresse of wisedome a déepe insight in politike worldlie drifts Whereby perceiuing now this duke glad to commune with him fed him with faire words and manie pleasant praises And perceiuing by the processe of their communications the dukes pride now and then belking out a little breath of enuie toward the glorie of the king and thereby feeling him easie to fall out if the matter were well handled he craftilie sought the waies to pricke him forward taking alwaies the occasion of his comming and so kéeping himselfe so close within his bounds that he rather séemed to follow him than to lead him For when the duke first began to praise and boast the king and shew how much profit the realme should take by his reigne my lord Morton answered thus Suerlie my lord follie were it for me to lie for if I would sweare the contrarie your lordship would not I weene beléeue but that if the world would haue gone as I would haue wished king Henries sonne had had the crowne and not king Edward But after that God had ordered him to léese it and king Edward to reigne I was neuer so mad that I would with a dead man striue against the quicke So was I to king Edward a faithfull chapleine glad would haue béene that his child had succéeded him Howbeit if the secret iudgment of God haue otherwise prouided I purpose not to spurne against a pricke nor labour to set vp that God pulleth downe And as for the late protector and now king And euen there he left saieng that he had alreadie medled too much with the world and would from that daie meddle with his booke and his beads and no further Then longed the duke sore to heare what he
late executed tyrannie Now nothing was contrarie and against his diuelish purpose but that his mansion was not void of his wife which thing he in any wise adiudged necessarie to be doonâ— But there was one thing that so much feared and staied him from committing this abhominable murther bicause as you haue heard before he began to counterfet the image of a good and well disposed person and therefore he was afeard least the sudden death of his wife once openlie knowne he should loose the good and credible opinion which the people had of him without anie desert conceiued and reported But in conclusion euill counsell preuailed in a wit latelie minded to mischeefe and turned from all goodnesse So that his vnâ—ratious desire ouercame his honest feare And first to enter into the gates of his imagined enterprise he absteined both from the bed and companie of his wife Then he complained to diuerse noble men of the realme of the infortunate sterilitie and barennesse of his wife bicause she brought foorth no fruit and generation of hir bodie And in especiall he recounted to Thomas Rotheram archbishop of Yorke whome latelie he had deliuered out of ward and captiuitie these impediments of his queene and diuerse other thinking that he line 10 would reueale to hir all these things trusting the sequele hereof to take due effect that she hearing this grudge of hir husband taking therefore an inward thought would not long liue in this world Of this the bishop gathered which well knew the complexion and vsage of the king that the quéenes daies were short and that he declared to certeine of his secret freends After this he procured a common rumor but he would not haue the author knowne to be published and spred abroad among the common line 20 people that the quéene was dead to the intent that she taking some conceit of this strange fame should fall into some sudden sicknesse or gréeuous maladie and to prooue if afterwards she should fortune by that or anie other waies to lease hir life whether the people would impute hir death to the thought or sicknesse or thereof would laie the blame to him Now when the quéene heard tell that so horrible a rumor of hir death was sprung amongst the communaltie she sore suspected and iudged the world to be almost line 30 at an end with hir And in that sorowfull agonie she with lamentable countenance and sorowfull cheare repaired to the presence of the king hir husband demanding of him what it should meane that he had iudged hir worthie to die The king answered hir with faire words and with smiling and flattering leasings comforted hir and bid hir be of good cheere for to his knowledge she should haue no other cause But howsoeuer that it fortuned either by inward thought and pensiuenesse line 40 of hart or by infection of poison which is affirmed to be most likelie within few daies after the queene departed out of this transitorie life and was with due solemnitie buried in the church of S. Peter at Westminster This is the same Anne one of the daughters of the earle of Warwike which as you haue heard before at the request of Lewes the French king was maried to prince Edward sonne to king Henrie the sixt The king thus according to his long desire losed out of the bonds of matrimonie began line 50 to cast a foolish fantasie to ladie Elizabeth his néece making much sute to haue hir ioined with him in lawfull matrimonie But bicause all men and the maiden hirselfe most of all detested and abhorred this vnlawfull and in maner vnnaturall copulation he determined to prolong and defer the matter till he were in a more quietnesse For all that verie season he was oppressed wiâ—h great weightie and vrgent causes and businesses on euerie side considering that dailie part of the line 60 nobilitie sailed into France to the earle of Richmond other priuilie fauoured and aided certeine of the coniuration so that of his short end few or none were in doubt And the common people for the most part were brought to such desperation that manie of them had rather be reputed and taken of him in the number of his enimies than to abide the chance and hazard to haue their goods taken as a spoile of victorie by his enimies In such hatred they had the wretch wishing his hart in their hands with the hazard of their heads For how can people saie well or thinke well of tyrants whose propertie it is to teare them in peeces with their clawes like a woolfe let loose among a fold of shéepe Whereto Homer had an eie when he said in pithie sense as here followeth Quisquis inhumanis studet intestabilis vti Moribus huic omnes viuo clà m dira precantur Huic omnes credunt fas insultare perempto Amongst the noble men whome he most mistrusted these were the principall Thomas lord Stanleie sir William Stanleie his brother Gilbert Talbot and six hundred other of whose purposes although king Richard were not ignorant yet he gaue neither confidence nor credence to anie one of them and least of all to the lord Stanleie bicause he was ioined in matrimonie with the ladie Margaret mother to the earle of Richmond as afterward apparantlie yée may perceiue For when the said lord Stanleie would haue departed into his countrie to visit his familie and to recreate and refresh his spirits as he openlie said but the truth was to the intent to be in a perfect readinesse to receiue the earle of Richmond at his first arriuall in England the king in no wise would suffer him to depart before he had left as an hostage in the court George Stanleie lord Strange his first begotten sonne and heire While king Richard was thus troubled and vexed with imaginations of the troublous time that was like to come lo euen suddenlie he heard newes that fire was sprung out of the smoke and the war freshlie begun and that the castell of Hammes was deliuered into the hands of the earle of Richmond by the meanes of the earle of Oxford and that not onlie he but also Iames Blunt capteine of the castell were fled into France to aid the earle Henrie Wherefore he thinking it great policie to withstand the first brunt sent the most part of the garrison of Calis to recouer againe by force the castell of Hammes They which were in the castell perceiuing their aduersaries to approch prepared munitions and engines for their defense and sent also to the earle of Richmond to aduertise him of their sudden inuasion requiring him of hastie aid and speedie succour The earle sleeping not this first begun assault sent the earle of Oxford with an elected companie of souldiers to raise the siege and rescue the castell which at their first arriuing pitched their campe not far from their enimies Now while king Richards men gaue vigilant eie waiting least the earle of Oxford
his standard-bearer This battell was fought at Bosworth in Leicestershire the two and twentith daie of August in the yeare of our redemption 1485. The whole conflict indured litle aboue two houres King Richard as the fame went might haue escaped and gotten safegard by fléeing For when they which were next about his person saw and perceiued at the first ioining of the battell the souldiers faintlie and nothing couragiouslie to set on their enimies and not onlie that but also that some withdrew themselues priuilie out of the prease and departed they began to suspect fraud and to smell treason and not onelie exhorted but determinatlie aduised him to saue himselfe by flight And when the losse of the battell was imminent and apparant they brought to him a swift and a light horsse to conueie him awaie He which was not ignorant of the grudge and ill will that the common people bare toward him casting awaie all hope of fortunate successe and happie chance to come answered as men saie that on that daie he would make an end of all battels or else there finish his life Such a great audacitie and such a stomach reigned in his bodie For suerlie he knew that to be the daie in the which it should be decided and determined whether he line 10 should peaceablie obteine and inioy his kingdome during his life or else vtterlie forgo and be depriued of the same With which too much hardines he being ouercome hastilie closed his helmet and entered fiercelie into the hard battell to the intent to obteine that daie a quiet reigne and regiment or else to finish there his vnquiet life and vnfortunat gouernance And so this miser at the same verie point had like chance and fortune as happeneth to such which in place of right iustice and honestie following their line 20 sensuall appetite loue and vse to imbrace mischiefe tyrannie and vnthriftinesse Suerlie these be examples of more vehemencie than mans toong can expresse to feare and astonish such euill persons as will not liue one houre vacant from dooing and exercising crueltie mischiefe or outragious liuing When the earle had thus obteined victorie and slaine his mortall enimie he knéeled downe and rendred to almightie God his hartie thanks with deuout and godlie orisons beséeching his goodnesse to line 30 send him grace to aduance and defend the catholike faith and to mainteine iustice and concord amongst his subiects and people by God now to his gouernance committed assigned Which praier finished he replenished with incomparable gladnesse ascended vp to the top of a little mounteine where he not onelie praised and lauded his valiant souldiers but also gaue vnto them his hartie thanks with promise of condigne recompense for their fidelitie and valiant facts willing and commanding all the hurt and line 40 wounded persons to be cured and the dead carcasses to be deliuered to the sepulture Then the people reioised and clapped their hands crieng vp to heauen King Henrie king Henrie When the lord Stanleie saw the good will and gladnesse of the people he tooke the crowne of king Richard which was found amongst the spoile in the field and set it on the earles head as though he had béene elected king by the voice of the people as in ancient times past in diuerse realmes it hath beene accustomed line 50 and this was the first signe and token of his good lucke and felicitie ¶ I must put you here in remembrance how that king Richard putting some diffidence in the lord Stanleie had with him as an hostage the lord Strange his eldest sonne which lord Stanleie as ye haue heard before ioined not at the first with his sonne in lawes armie for feare the king would haue slaine the lord Strange his heire When king Richard was come to Bosworth he sent a purseuant to the lord Stanleie commanding line 60 him to aduance forward with his companie and to come to his presence which thing if he refused to doo he sware by Christes passion that he would strike off his sonnes head before he dined The lord Stanleie answered the purseuant that if the king did so he had more sonnes aliue and as to come to him he was not then so determined When king Richard heard this answer he commanded the lord Strange incontinent to be beheaded which was at that verie same season when both the armies had sight ech of other But the councellors of king Richard pondered the time and cause knowing also the lord Strange to be innocent of his fathers offense persuaded the king that it was now time to fight no time to execute Besides that they aduised him to kéepe the lord Strange as prisoner till the battell were ended and then at leisure his pleasure might be accomplished So as God would king Richard brake his holie oth and the lord was deliuered to the keepers of the kings tents to be kept as prisoner Which when the field was doone and their maister slaine and proclamation made to know where the child was they submitted themselues as prisoners to the lord Strange and he gentlie receiued them and brought them to the new proclamed king where of him and of his father he was receiued with great ioy After this the whole campe remooued with bag and baggage The same night in the euening king Henrie with great pompe came to the towne of Leicester where as well for the refreshing of his people souldiers as for preparing all things necessarie for his iournie toward London he rested and reposed himselfe two daies In the meane season the dead corps of king Richard was as shamefullie caried to the towne of Leicester as he gorgeouslie the day before with pompe and pride departed out of the same towne For his bodie was naked and despoiled to the skin and nothing left about him not so much as a clout to couer his priuie members and was trussed behind a purseuant of arms one Blanch Senglier or White bore like a hog or calfe his head and armes hanging on the one side of the horsse and his legs on the other side and all besprinkled with mire and bloud he was brought to the graie friers church within the towne and there laie like a miserable spectacle But suerlie considering his mischiefous acts and vngratious dooings men maie woonder at such a caitife who although he deserued no buriall place either in church or churchyard chappell or chancell but otherwise to haue bin bestowed yet in the said church he was with no lesse funerall pompe solemnitie interred than he would to be doone at the buriall of his innocent nephues whome he caused cruellie to be murthered and vnnaturallie killed Now when his death was knowne few lamented and manie reioiced The proud bragging white bore which was his badge was violentlie rased plucked downe from euerie signe and place where it might be espied so ill was his life that men wished the memorie of him to
Clifford as concerning Perkin which falselie vsurped the name of K. Edwards sonne sir William Stanleie said that if he knew certeinlie that the yoong man was the indubitate heire of king Edward the fourth he would neuer fight or beare armour against him This point argued that he bare no hartie good will toward king Henrie as then But what was the cause that he had conceiued some inward grudge towards the king or how it chanced that the king had withdrawen his speciall fauor from him manie haue doubted Some indéed haue gessed that sir William Stanlie for the seruice which he shewed at Bosworth field thought that all the benefits which he receiued of the king to be farre vnder that which he had deserued in preseruing not onelie the kings life but also in obteining for him the victorie of his enimies so that his aduersarie was slaine in the field Wherfore desiring to be created earle of Chester and therof denied he began to disdeine the king And one thing incouraged him much which was the riches and treasure of king Richard which he onlie possessed at the battell of Bosworth by reason of which riches and great power of men he set naught by the king his souereigne lord and maister The king hauing thus an hole in his coat doubted first what he should doo with him for loth he was to lose the fauour of his brother the earle of Derbie and againe to pardon him he feared least it should be an euill example to other that should go about to attempt the like offense And so at length seueritie got the vpper hand mercie was put backe in so much that he was arreigned at Westminster and adiudged to die and line 10 according to that iudgement was brought to the Tower hill the sixtéenth daie of Februarie year 1495 and there had his head striken off This was the end of sir William Stanleie the chiefest helper of king Henrie to the crowne at Bosworth field against king Richard the third and who set the same crowne first vpon the kings head when it was found in the field trampled vnder féet He was a man while he liued of great power in his countrie and also of great wealth in somuch as the common line 20 same ran that there was in his castell of Holt found in readie coine plate and iewels to the value of fortie thousand markes or more and his land and fees extended to three thousand pounds by yeare Neuerthelesse all helped not neither his good seruice in Bosworth field neither his forwardnesse euen with the hazard of life to prefer K. Henrie to the crowne neither his faithfulnesse in cleauing to him at all brunts neither the bond of aliance betwixt them neither the power that he was able to make neither line 30 the riches which he was worth neither intercession of fréends which he wanted not none of these nor all these could procure the redemption of his lost life Oâ—luxum decus hominum ô variabile tempus ¶ On the sixtéenth of Nouember was holden the sergeants feast at the bishops place of Elie in Holborne where dined the king queene and all the chiefe lords of England The new sergeants names were maister Mordant Higham Kingsmill Conisbie Butler Yakesleie Frowicke Oxenbridge Constable line 40 In digging for to laie a new foundation in the church of saint Marie hill in London the bodie of 〈◊〉 Hackneie which had béene buried in the church 〈…〉 of 175 yeares was found whole of skinne the ioints of hir armes pliable which corpse was kept aboue ground foure daies without annoiance and then buried againe ¶ Also this yeare as maister Grafton saith at the charges of maister Iohn Tate alderman of London was the church of saint Anthonies founded annexed vnto the college of Windsore line 50 wherein was erected one notable and frée schoole to the furtherance of learning and a number of poore people by the name of almesmen which were poore aged and decaied housholders releeued to the great commendation of that worthie man who so liued in worship that his death by his worthie dooings maketh him still aliue for he was not forgetfull to beautifie the good state of this citie in which by wealth he had tasted of Gods blessings About this same time diuerse men were punished line 60 that had vpon a presumptuous boldnesse spoken manie slanderous words against the kings maiestie hoping still for the arriuall of the feigned Richard duke of Yorke After the death of sir William Stanleie Giles lord Daubenie was elected and made the kings chéefe chamberleine Also the K. sent into Ireland to purge out the euill wicked séeds of rebellion amongest the wild sauage Irish people sowed there by the craftie conueiance of Perkin Warbecke sir Henrie Deane late abbat of Langtonie whome he made chancellor of that Ile sir Edward Poinings knight with an armie of men The fauourers of Perkin hearing that sir Edward Poinings was come with a power to persecute them withdrew streightwaies and fled into the woods and marishes for the safegard of themselues Sir Edward Poinings according to his commission intending to punish such as had aided and aduanced the enterprise of Perkin with his whole armie marched forward against the wild Irishmen bicause that all other being culpable of that offense fled and resorted to them for succour But when he saw that his purpose succéeded not as he would haue wished it both bicause the Irish lords sent him no succour according to their promises and also for that his owne number was not sufficient to furnish his enterprise bicause his enimies were dispersed amongst woods mounteins and marishes he was constreined to recule backe sore displeased in his mind against Gerald earle of Kildare being then the kings deputie Now the cause of this his discontentment was for that the said earle was suspected to be the meane that he had no succours sent him and was so informed in déed by such as bare the earle no good will And therefore suddenlie he caused the earle to be apprehended and as a prisoner brought him in his companie into England Which earle being examined and sundrie points of treason laid to him he so auoided them all laid the burthen in other mens necks that he was dismissed and sent into Ireland againe there to be deputie and lieutenant as he was before The king being now in some better suertie of his estate did take his progresse into Lancashire the fiue twentith daie of Iune there to make merrie with his moother the countesse of Derbie which then laie at Lathome in the countrie In this meane while Perkin Warbecke being in Flanders sore troubled that his iuggling was discouered yet he determined not to leaue off his enterprise in hope at length to atteine the crowne of England and so gathering a power of all nations some bankrupts some false English sanctuarie men some théeues robbers
fled threw awaie their armour as people amazed and submitted themselues to the king humblie beséeching him of mercie which he most gentlie granted and receiued them to his fauour After this the king road to Excester and there not onelie commended the citizens but also hartilie thanked them for dooing so well their duties in defending their citie from their enimies He also put there to execution diuerse Cornishmen which were the authors and principall beginners of this new conspiracie and insurrection Neuerthelesse he vsed maruellous clemencie also in pardoning a great number of the rebels ¶ For when king Henrie was come to Excester with a great armie mooued therevnto as you haue heard by reason of the rebellion of Perkin Warbecke who was fled before the kings comming he staied a few daies about the examination of the said rebellion and the executing of the chiefe and principall capteins In the end the multitude of the offendors being great and most humblie crauing for pardon the king caused them all to be assembled in the churchyard of saint Peters where they all appeared bare headed in their shirts and with halters about their necks His grace was then lodged in the treasurors house lieng fast vpon the churchyard and out of a faire and large window made for the purpose he tooke the view of them who shouted and cried out for pardon At length when the king had paused hee made a speach vnto them exhorting them to obedience and in hope he should thencefoorth find them dutifull he pardoned them all whereat they all made a great shâ—ut gaue the king thanks and hurled awaie their halters Yet neuerthelesse some returned againe and ioined themselues with the Cornish people which had not all submitted themselues nor sought for pardon Now while he remained at Excester he considered with himselfe that he had doone nothing if he could not get into his hands the chiefe head of this trouble and seditious businesse Wherefore he caused the sanctuarie wherein Perkin was inclosed to be inuironed with two bands of light horssemen to watch diligentlie that Perkin should not escape by anie meanes foorth of that place vntaken and withall attempted by faire promises of pardon and forgiuenes if Perkin would submit himselfe to him and become his man Perkin perceiuing himselfe so shut vp that he could no waie escape of his owne free will came out of the sanctuarie and committed himselfe to the kings pleasure When the king had thus atchiued his purpose he returned to London and appointed certeine keepers to attend on Perkin which should not the bredth of a naile go from his person least he should conueie himselfe by anie meanes out of the land and set new troubles abroth by such practises as he had to fore vsed for the aduancement of himselfe to the estate of a king by assuming vnto himselfe the name of a kings sonne when in déed hee was come of base parentage But Iacke will bee a gentleman the long eared asse will be taken for a leopard the pelting pâ—â—â—â—ire for a lion as one saith Nunc se asinus pardum vocat formicâ— leonem After this the king caused inquiries to be made of all such as had aided with men or monie the Cornish line 10 rebels so that diuerse persons as well in Summersetshire as Deuonshire were detected of that offense which he minded for example â—ake should tast some part of due punishments for their â—â—imes according to the qualitie thereof And therefore he appointed Thomas lord Darcie Amisse Paâ—leâ— knight and Robert Sherborne deane of Pâ—ules that was after bishop of Chichester to be commissioners for assessing of their sines that were found culpable These commissioners so bâ—stirred themselues in tossing the line 20 coffers and substance of all the inhabitants of both those shires year 1498 that there was not one person imbrued or spotted with the filth of that abhominable crime that escaped the paine which he had deserued but to such yet as offended rather by constreint than of malice they were gentle and fauourable so that equitie therein was verie well and iustlie executed ¶ In this yeare all the gardens which had béene continued time out of mind without Moore gate of London were destroied and of them was made a plaine field for archers to shoot in Also this yéere was line 30 a great drought by reason whereof a load of haie which was before sold at London at fiue shillings was this yeare sold for ten or twelue more Also this yeare one Sebastian Gabato a Genoas sonne borne in Bristow professing himselfe to be expert in knowledge of the circuit of the world and Ilands of the same as by his charts and other reasonable demonstrations he shewed caused the king to man and vittell a ship at Bristow to search for an Iland which line 40 he knew to be replenished with rich commodites In the ship diuerse merchants of London aduentured small stocks and in the companie of this ship sailed also out of Bristow three or foure small ships fraight with slight and grosse wares as course cloash caps lases points and such other Sir Humfrie Gilbert knight in his booke intituled A discouerie for a new passage to Cataia writeth thus Sebastian Gabato by his personall experience and trauell hath described and set foorth this passage line 50 in his charts which are yet to be séene in the quéenes maiesties priuie gallerie at White hall who was sent to make this discouerie by king Henrie the seuenth and entered the same fâ—et affirming that hee sailed verie farre westward with a quarter of the north on the north side of terra de Labrador the eleuenth of Iune vntill he came to the septentrionall latitude of 67½ degrées and finding the seas still open said that he might would haue gon to Cataia if the emnitie of the maister and mariners had not béene Neuerthelesse line 60 he went verie farre euen to a nation inhabited with people more like beasts than men as appeareth in the yeare 1502 and the seuentéenth of this kings reigne when the said traueller was returned and presented himselfe to the kings maiestie In this yeare the warre had like to haue béene reuiued betwixt the realmes of England and Scotland by a small occasion as thus Certeine yongmen of the Scots came arriued before Norham castell beheld it woonderous circumspectlie as though they would faine haue béene of counsell to know what was doone the rein The kéepers not perceiuing anie damage attempted against them for the first time determined not to mooue anie question to them or once to stirre out But when they came againe the next day and viewed it likewise the kéepers of the castell suspecting some euill meaning demanded of them what their intent was and why they viewed and aduised so the castell The Scots answered them roughlie with disdainfull words so that the Englishmen fell to and replied with strokes and after manie blowes
nigh one hundred years He bestowed besides his owne labour which was great in hearing of stones c. aboue twentie pounds on the high waies about that towne of Wlfrunehampton This towne of Wlfrunehampton is now corruptlie called Wolnerhampton for in Anno 996 in king Ethelredstime who wrote himselfe Rex Anglorum line 40 princeps Northumbrorum Olympiade tertia regni sui for so he wrote the count of his reigne then which was the fiftéenth yeare it was then called Hampton as appeareth by an old charter written by the notarie of the said king Ethelred which charter I haue seene and read And for that a noble woman named Wlfrune a widow sometime wife to Althelme duke of Northampton did obteine of the said king to giue lands vnto the church there which she had founded the line 50 said towne tooke the addition of the same Wlfrune for that charter so nameth hir Wlfrune and the towne Hampton In this yeare was finished the goodlie hospitall of the Sauoie néere vnto Charing crosse which was a notable foundation for the poore doone by king Henrie the seauenth vnto the which he purchased and gaue lands for the releeuing of one hundred poore people This was first named Sauoie place by Peter earle of Sauoie father to Boniface archbishop of Canturburie about the nine and twentith yeare of line 60 king Henrie the third who made the said Peter erle of Richmond This house belonged since to the duke of Lancaster and at this time was conuerted to an hospitall still reteining the first name of Sauoie King Henrie also builded three houses of Franciscane friers which are called obseruants at Richmond Gréenewich and Newarke and three other of the familie of Franciscane friers which are called conuentuals at Canturburie Newcastell and Southhampton ¶ This yeare was Thomas Ruthall made bishop of Durham by Henrie the seauenth touching whose place of birth being at Cirencester now Cicester and himselfe I will not refuse to set downe what Leland about the yeare 1542 hath written not being vnfit héere to be recorded Cirencester saith he in Latine called Corinium standeth on the riuer Churne There haue beene thrée parish churches whereof saint Cicilies church is cleane downe being of late but a chappell Saint Laurence yet standeth but it is no parish church There be two poore almes women endued with land There is now but one parish church in all Cirencester that is verie faire the bodie of which church is all new worke to the which Ruthall bishop of Durham â—borne and brought vp in Cirencester promised much but preuented by death gaue nothing One Anne Aueling aunt to doctor Ruthall by the mothers side gaue one hundred markes to the building of that church King Henrie the first made the hospitall of saint Iohns at Cirencester Thus farre Leland This man thus borne at Cirencester in Glocestershire and made bishop of Durham was after the death of king Henrie the seauenth one of the priuie councell to king Henrie the eight in whose court he was so continuallie attendant that he could not steale anie time to attend the affaires of his bishoprike But yet not altogither carelesse though not so much as he ought to haue béene of the place and cause from whence and for which he receiued so great reuenues as came vnto his hands from that see He repaired the third part of Tine bridge next vnto the south which he might well doo for he was accompted the richest subiect through the realme To whome remaining then at the court the king gaue in charge to write a booke of the whole estate of the kingdome bicause he was knowne to the king to be a man of sufficiencie for the discharge thereof which he did accordinglie Afterwards the king commanded cardinall Woolseie to go to this bishop and to bring the booke awaie with him to deliuer to his maiestie But see the mishap that a man in all other things so prouident should now be so negligent and at that time most forget himselfe when as it after fell out he had most need to haue remembred himselfe For this bishop hauing written two bookes the one to answer the kings command and the other intreating of his owne priuate affaires did bind them both after one sort in vellame iust of one length bredth and thicknesse and in all points in such like proportion answering one an other as the one could not by anie especiall note be discerned from the other both which he also laid vp togither in one place of his studie Now when the cardinall came to demand the booke due to the king the bishop vnaduisedlie commanded his seruant to bring him the booke bound in white vellame lieng in his studie in such a place The seruant dooing accordinglie brought foorth one of those bookes so bound being the booke intreating of the state of the bishop and deliuered the same vnto his maister who receiuing it without further consideration or looking on gaue it to the cardinall to beare vnto the king The cardinall hauing the booke went from the bishop and after in his studie by himselfe vnderstanding the contents thereof he greatlie reioised hauing now occasion which he long sought for offered vnto him to bring the bishop into the kings disgrace Wherefore he went foorthwith to the king deliuered the booke into his hands and bréefelie informed the king of the contents thereof putting further into the kings head that if at anie time he were destitute of a masse of monie he should not need to séeke further therefore than to the cofers of the bishop who by the tenor of his owne booke had accompted his proper riches and substance to the value of a hundred thousand pounds Of all which when the bishop had intelligence what he had doon how the cardinall vsed him what the king said and what the world reported of him he was striken with such gréefe of the same that he shortlie through extreame sorrow ended his life at London in the yeare of Christ 1523. After whose death the cardinall which had long before gaped after the said bishoprike in singular hope to atteine therevnto had now his wish in effect which he the more easilie compassed for that he had his nets alwaies readie cast as assuring himselfe to take a line 10 trout following therein a prophane mans cautelous counsell and putting the same in practise who saith Casus vbique valet semper tibi pendeat hamus Quo minimè credis gurgite piscis erit The sicknesse which held the king dailie more and more increasing he well perceiued that his end drew néere and therefore meaning to doo some high pleasure to his people granted of his frée motion a generall pardon to all men for all offenses doone committed line 20 against anie his lawes or statutes théeues murtherers certeine other were excepted He paied also the fées of all prisoners in the gaoles in and about London
for such as would take thereof in certeine stréets in London and generall processions therevpon to laud God As touching the preparation of the princes christening I ouerpasse which was honorablie doone whose godfathers at the font were line 30 the archbishop of Canturburie and the earle of Surreie godmother the ladie Katharine countesse of Deuonshire daughter to king Edward the fourth his name was Henrie Against the twelfe daie or the daie of the Epiphanie at night before the banket in the hall at Richmond was a pageant deuised like a mounteine glistering by night as though it had béene all of gold and set with stones on the top of which mounteine was a tree of gold the branches and boughes frised with gold spreading on euerie side ouer the mounteine line 40 with roses and pomegranats the which mounteine was with vices brought vp towards the king and out of the same came a ladie apparelled in cloth of gold and the children of honour called the henchmen which were freshlie disguised and dansed a morice before the king and that doone reentred the mounteine which then was drawen backe and then was the wassaill or banket brought in and so brake vp Christmasse Shortlie after and before the quéenes line 50 churching the K. rode to Walsingham The quéene being churched or purified the king and she remooued from Richmond to Westminster where was preparation for solemne iusts in the honor of the quéene the king being one and with him thrée aides his grace being called Cure loial the lord William erle of Deuonshire called Bon voloire sir Thomas Kneuet named Bon espoir sir Edward Neuill called Valiant desire whose names were set vpon a goodlie table the table hanged in a tree curiouslie wrought and they were called Les quater cheualiers de la forrest line 60 saluigne these foure to run at the tilt against all commers with other certeine articles comprised in the said table A place in the palace was prepared for the king and queene richlie hanged the inner part with cloth of gold the vtter with rich cloth of arras These iusts began the thirtéenth daie of Februarie Now after that the quéene with hir traine of ladies had taken their places into the palace was conueied a pageant of a great quantitie made like a forrest with rockes hils and dales with diuerse sundrie trées floures hathornes ferne and grasse with six foresters standing within the same forrest garnished in cotes and hoods of gréene veluet by whome laie a great number of speares all the trées hearbs and floures of the same forrest were made of gréene veluet greene damaske silke of diuerse colours as sattin sarcenet In the middest of this forrest was a castell standing made of gold and before the castell gate sat a gentleman freshlie apparelled making a garland of roses for the prise This forrest was drawen as it were by strength of two great beasts a lion and an antelop the lion florished all ouer with damaske gold the antelop was wrought all ouer with siluer of damaske his beames or hornes and tuskes of gold These beasts were led with certeine men apparelled like wild men or woodhouses their bodies heads faces hands and legs couered with gréene silke flosshed on either of the said antelop and lion sat a ladie richlie apparelled the beasts were tied to the pageant with great chaines of gold as horsses be in the cart When the pageant rested before the quéene the forenamed foresters blew their horns then the deuise or pageant opened on all sides and out issued the foresaid foure knights armed at all peeces euerie of them a speare in his hand on horssebacke with great plumes on their heads their bases and trappers of cloth of gold euerie of them his name embrodered on his base and trapper On the other part with great noise aswell of trumpets as of drums entered into the field the erle of Essex the lord Thomas Howard with manie other cleane armed their trappers and bases all of crimsin satin embrodered with branches of pomegranats of gold and posies with manie a fresh gentleman riding before them their footmen well apparelled and so the iusts began and endured all that daie The morrow being the thirtéenth of Februarie after dinner at time conuenient the queene with the ladies repaired to sée the iusts the trumpets sounded and in came manie a noble man and gentleman richlie apparelled taking vp their horsses after whom followed certeine lords apparelled they and their horsses in cloth of gold and russet tinsell knights in cloth of gold and russet veluet and a great number of gentlemen on foot in russet sattin and yellow and yeomen in russet damaske and yellow all the nether part of euerie mans hosen scarlet and yellow caps Then came the king vnder a pauilion of cloth of gold and purple veluet embrodered and powdered with H. and K. of fine gold the compasse of the pauilion aboue embrodered richlie and valansed with flat gold beaten in wire with an imperiall crowne in the top of fine gold his bases and trappers of cloth of gold fretted with damaske gold the trapper pendant to the taile A crane and chafron of stéele in the front of the chafron was a goodlie plume set full of musers or trembling spangles of gold After followed his three aids euerie of them vnder a pauilion of crimsin damaske and purple powdered with H. and K. of fine gold valansed and fringed with gold of damaske on the top of euerie pauilion a great K. of goldsmiths worke The number of the gentlemen and yeomen attending on foot apparelled in russet and yellow was an hundred thréescore and eight Then next these pauilions came twelue children of honour sitting euerie of them on a great courser richlie trapped and embrodered in seuerall deuises and fashions where lacked neither broderie nor goldsmiths worke so that euerie child and horsse in deuise and fashion was contrarie to other which was goodlie to behold Then on the contrarie part entered sir Charles Brandon first on horssebacke in a long robe of russet sattin like a recluse or religious person and his horsse trapped in the same sute without drum or noise of minstrelsie putting a bill of petition to the quéene the effect wherof was that if it would please hir to licence him to run in hir presence he would doo it gladlie and if not then he would depart as he came After that his request was granted then he put off his said habit and was armed at all péeces with rich bases and horsse also richlie trapped and so did run his horsse to the tilt end where diuerse men on foot apparelled in russet sattin waited on him Next after came in alone yoong Henrie Guilford esquier himselfe and his horsse in russet cloth of gold line 10 and cloth of siluer closed in a deuise or a pageant made like a castell or a turret wrought of russet sarcenet Florence wrought and set
Kildare being vnmarried was desirous to haue an English woman to wife and for that he was a suter to a widow contrarie to the cardinals mind he accused him to the king of that he had not borne himselfe vprightlie in his office in Ireland where he was the kings lieutenant Such accusations were framed against him when no bribes would come that he was committed to prison and then by the cardinals good preferment the earle of Surrie was sent into Ireland as the kings deputie in lieu of the said earle of Kildare there to remaine rather as an exile than as lieutenant to the king euen at the cardinals pleasure as he himselfe well perceiued In the beginning of Aprill the said earle passed ouer into Ireland and had with him diuerse gentlemen that had béene in the garrison of Tornaie and one hundred yeomen of the kings gard and others to the number of a thousand men where he by his manhood and policie brought the earle of Desmond and diuerse other rebels to good conformitie and order He continued there two yeares in which space he had manie bickerings and skirmishes with the wild Irish. There rested yet the earle of Northumberland whome the cardinall doubted also least he might hinder his purpose when he should go about to wreake his malice against the duke of Buckingham and therefore he picked a quarell to him for that he had seized vpon certeine wards which the cardinall said apperteined of right to the king And bicause the earle would not giue ouer his title he was also committed to prison after tooke it for a great benefit at the cardinals hands that he might be deliuered out of his danger Now in this meane while the cardinall ceassed not to bring the duke out of the kings fauour by such forged tales and contriued surmises as he dailie put into the kings head insomuch that through the infelicitie of his fate diuerse accidents fell out to the aduantage of the cardinall which he not omitting atchiued the thing whereat he so studiouslie for the satisfieng of his canckered malicious stomach laid full aime Now it chanced that the duke comming to London with his traine of men to attend the king into France went before into Kent vnto a manor place which he had there And whilest he staid line 10 in that countrie till the king set forward greeuous complaints were exhibited to him by his farmars and tenants against Charles Kneuet his surueiour for such bribing as he had vsed there amongest them Wherevpon the duke tooke such displeasure against him that he depriued him of his office not knowing how that in so dooing he procured his owne destruction as after appeared The kings maiestie perseuering in purpose to méet with Francis the French king remooued with line 20 the quéene and all his court the one twentith day of Maie being mondaie from his manor of Gréenwich towards the sea side and so on the fridaie the fiue and twentith of Maie he arriued at the citie of Canturburie intending there to keepe his Whitsuntide On the morrow after the emperour being on the sea returning out of Spaine arriued with all his nauie of ships roiall on the coast of Kent direct to the port of Hieth the said daie by noone where hée was saluted by the viceadmerall of England sir line 30 William Fitz William with six of the kings great ships well furnished which laie for the safegard of passage betwixt Calis and Douer Towards euening the emperour departed from his ships and entered into his bote and comming towards land was met and receiued of the lord cardinall of Yorke with such reuerence as to so noble a prince apperteined Thus landed the emperour Charles the fift at Douer vnder his cloth of estate of the blacke eagle all spread on rich cloth of gold He had with him manie line 40 noble men and manie faire ladies of his bloud When he was come on land the lord cardinall conducted him to the castell of Douer which was prepared for him in most roiall maner In the morning the king rode with all hast to the castell of Douer to welcome the emperour and entering into the castell alighted Of whose comming the emperour hauing knowledge came out of his chamber and met him on the staires where either of them embraced other in most louing maner and then the king brought the line 50 emperour to his chamber On Whitsundaie earlie in the morning they tooke their horsses and rode to the citie of Canturburie the more to kéepe solemne the feast of Pentecost but speciallie to sée the quéene of England his aunt was the emperour his intent of whome ye may be sure he was most ioifullie receiued and welcomed Thus the emperour and his retinue both of lords and ladies kept their Whitsuntide with the king and quéene of England in the citie of Canturburie with line 60 all ioy and solace The emperour yet himselfe séemed not so much to delight in pastime and pleasure but that in respect of his youthfull yeares there appeared in him a great shew of grauitie for they could by no meanes bring him to danse amongst the residue of the princes but onelie was contented to be a looker on Peraduenture the sight of the ladie Marie troubled him whome he had sometime loued and yet through fortunes euill hap might not haue hir to wife The chiefe cause that mooued the emperour to come thus on land at this time was to persuade that by word of mouth which he had before done most earnestlie by letters which was that the king should not meet with the French king at anie interuiew for he doubted least if the king of England the French king should grow into some great friendship and faithfull bond of amitie it might turne him to displeasure But now that he perceiued how the king was forward on his iournie he did what he could to procure that no trust should be committed to the faire words of the Frenchmen and that if it were possible the great friendship that was now in bréeding betwixt the two kings might be dissolued And forsomuch as he knew the lord cardinall to be woone with rewards as a fish with a bait he bestowed on him great gifts and promised him much more so that hée would be his friend and helpe to bring his purpose to passe The cardinall not able to susteine the least assault by force of such rewards as he presentlie receiued and of such large promises as on the emperours behalfe were made to him promised to the emperour that he would so vse the matter as his purpose should be sped onelie he required him not to disalow the kings intent for interuiew to be had which he desired in anie wise to go forward that he might shew his high magnificence in France according to his first intention The emperour remained in Canturburie till the thursdaie being the last
tooke their barge at the crane by seauen of the clocke and came to Westminster where they were welcomed brought into the hall by master treasuror and others of the kings house and so gaue their attendance till the quéene should come foorth Betwéene eight and nine she came into the hall and stood vnder the cloth of estate and thâ—n â—ame in the kings chappell and the moonks of Westminster all in rich copes and manie bishops and abbats in copes and miters which went into the middest of the hall and there stood a season Then was there a raie cloth speed from the quéenes standing in the hall through the palace and sanctuarie which was raised on both sides to the high altar of Westminster After that the raie cloth was cast the officers of armes appointed the order accustomed First went gentlemen then esquiers then knights then the aldermen of the citie in their cloks of scarlet after them the iudges in their mantels of scarlet and coiffes Then followed the knights of the bath being no lords euerie man hauing a white lace on his left sléeue then followed barons and vicounts in their parlement robes of scarlet After them came earls marquesses and dukes in their robes of estate of crimsin veluet furred with ermine poudered according to their degrées After them came the lord line 10 chancellor in a robe of scarlet open before bordered with lettise after him came the kings chapell and the moonks solemnelie singing with procession then came abbats and bishops mitered then sargeants and officers of armes then after them went the maior of London with his mace and garter in his cote of armes then went the marquesse Dorset in a robe of estate which bare the scepter of gold and the earle of Arundell which bare the rod of iuorie with the doue both togither line 20 Then went alone the earle of Oxford high chamberleine of England which bare the crowne after him went the duke of Suffolke in his robe of estate also for that daie being high steward of England hauing a long white rod in his hand and the lord William Howard with the rod of the marshalship and euerie knight of the garter had on his collar of the order Then proceeded foorth the quéene in a circot and robe of purple veluet furred with ermine in hir here coiffe and circlet as she had the saturdaie and ouer hir was borne the canopie by foure of the fiue ports line 30 all crimsin with points of blue and red hanging on their sléeues and the bishops of London and Winchester bare vp the laps of the queenes robe The queenes traine which was verie long was borne by the old duches of Norffolke after hir folowed ladies being lords wiues which had circots of scarlet with narow sléeues the brest all lettise with bars of borders according to their degrées and ouer that they had mantels of scarlet furred and euerie mantell line 40 had lettise about the necke like a neckercher likewise poudered so that by the pouderings their degree was knowen Then followed ladies being knights wiues in gownes of scarlet with narow sléeues without traines onlie edged with lettise and likewise had all the queenes gentlewomen When she was thus brought to the high place made in the middest of the church betwéene the quéere and the high altar she was set in a rich chaire And after that she had rested a while she descended downe to the high altar and there prostrate hir selfe line 50 while the archbishop of Canturburie said certeine collects then she rose and the bishop annointed hir on the head and on the brest and then she was led vp againe where after diuerse orisons said the archbishop set the crowne of saint Edward on hir head and then deliuered hir the scepter of gold in hir right hand and the rod of iuorie with the doue in the left hand and then all the queere soong Te Deum c. Which doone the bishop tooke off the crowne of saint line 60 Edward being heauie and set on the crowne made for hir Then went she to saint Edwards shrine and there offered after which offering doone she withdrew hir into a little place made for the nones on the one side of the queere Now in the meane season euerie duches had put on their bonets a coronall of gold wrought with flowers and euerie marquesse put on a demie coronall of gold euerie countesse a plaine circlet of gold without flowers and euerie king of armes put on a crowne of coper and guilt all which were worne till night When the quéene had a little reposed hir the companie returned in the same order that they set foorth and the quéene went crowned and so did the ladies aforesaid Hir right hand was susteined by the earle of Wilshire hir father and hir left hand by the lord Talbot deputie for the earle of Shrewesburie and lord Forinfall his father Now when she was out of the sanctuarie and appéered within the palace the trumpets plaied maruellous freshlie then she was brought to Westminster hall so to hir withdrawing chamber during which time the lords iudges maior and aldermen put off their robes mantels and clokes and tooke their hoods from their necks and cast them about their shoulders and the lords sat onlie in their circots and the iudges and aldermen in their gownes And all the lords that serued that daie serued in their circots and their hoods about their shoulders also diuerse officers of the kings house being no lords had circots and hoods of scarlet edged with mineuer as the treasuror controllor master of the iewell house but their circots were not guilt While the queene was in hir chamber euerie lord and other that ought to doo seruice at coronations did prepare them according to their dutie as the duke of Suffolke high steward of England which was richlie apparelled his doublet and iacket set with orient pearle his gowne of crimsin veluet imbrodered his courser trapped with a cloth trapper head and all to the ground of crimsin veluet set full of letters of gold of goldsmiths worke hauing a long white rod in his hand on his left hand rode the lord William deputie for his brother as earle marshall with the marshals rod whose gowne was crimsin veluet and his horsse trapper purple veluet cut on white sattin imbrodered with white lions The earle of Oxenford was high chamberleine the earle of Essex caruer the earle of Sussex sewer the earle of Arundell cheefe butler on whom twelue citizens of London did giue their attendance at the cupbord The earle of Darbie cupbearer the vicount Lisle pantler the lord of Aburgaine chéefe larder the lord Braie almoner for him and his coparteners and the maior of Oxford kept the buttrie bar and Thomas Wiat was chéefe eurer for sir Henrie Wiat his father When all things were redie the quéene vnder hir canopie came to the hall and washed and sat downe in the
would forsake their habit and all that were vnder the age of foure and twentie yéeres and the residue were closed vp that would remaine Further they tooke order that no men should haue accesse to the houses of women nor women to the houses of men except it should be to heare their seruice The abbat or prior of the house where anie of the brethren was willing to depart was appointed to giue to euerie of them a priests gowne for his habit and fortie shillings in monie the nunnes to haue such apparell as secular women ware and to go whither them liked best ¶ The eleuenth of Nouember was a great procession at London for â—oie of the French kings recouerie of health from a dangerous sicknesse ¶ In December a surueie was taken of all chanteries and the names of them that had the gift of them The princesse Dowager â—â—eng at Kâ—imbalton fell into hir last sicknesse whereof the king being aduertised appointed the emperors ambassador that was legier here with him named Eustachius Caputius to go to visit hir and to doo his commendations to hir and will hir to be of good comfort The ambassador with all diligence did his duetie therein comforting hir the best he might but she within six daies after perceiuing hir selfe to wax verie weake and féeble and to féele death approching at hand caused one of hir gentlewomen to write a letter to the king commending to him hir daughter and his beseeching him to stand good father vnto hir and further desired him to haue some consideration of hir gentlewomen that had serued hir and to sée them bestowed in marriage Further that it would please him to appoint that hir seruants might haue their due wages and a yéeres wages beside This in effect was all that she requested and so immediatlie herevpon she departed this life the eight of Ianuarie at Kimbalton aforesaid and was buried at Peterborow ¶ The nine and twentith of Ianuarie quéene Anne was deliuered of a child before hir time which was borne dead On the fourth of Februarie the parlement began in the which amongst other things enacted all religious houses of the value of three hundred marks and vnder were giuen to the king with all the lands and goods to them belonging The number of these houses were thrée hundred seauentie and six the value of their lands yearlie aboue two and thirtie thousand pounds their moouable goods one hundred thousand the religious persons put out of the same houses amounted to the number of aboue 10000. This yéere was William Tindall burnt at a towne betwixt Bruxels and Maclin called Uillefort This Tindall otherwise called Hichins was borne in the marches of Wales and hauing a desire to translate and publish to his countrie diuerse books of the bible in English and doubting to come in trouble for the same if he should remaine here in England got him ouer into the parties of beyond the sea where he translated not onelie the new testament into the English toong but also the fiue bookes of Moses Iosua Iudicum Ruth the books of the kings and Paralipomenon Nehemias or the first of Esdras and the prophet Ionas Beside these translations he made certeine tretises and published the same which were brought ouer into England and read with great desire of diuerse and of many sore despised and abhorred so that proclamations were procured foorth for the condemnation and prohibiting of his â—â—oks as before you haue heard Finallie he was apprehended at Antwerpe by meanes of one Philips an Englishman and then scholer at Louaine After he had remained in prison a long time and was almost forgotten the lord Cromwell wrote for his deliuerance but then in all hast because he would not recant anie part of his doctrine he was bâ—rned as before you haue heard Of whose conuersation and doctrine innocent in the world and sincere for truth as also of his death and martyrdome read the martyrolologie of Iohn Fox our ecclesiasticall chronographer Anno 1536. sub Hen. 8. On Maie daie were solemne iusts kept at Gréenwich and suddenlie from the iusts the king departed not hauing aboue six persons with him and in the euening came to Westminster Of this sudden departing many mused but most chéeflie the quéene ¶ On the next morrow the lord Rochford brother to the quéene and Henrie Norris were brought to line 10 the tower of London prisoners Also the same daie about fiue of the clocke in the after noone queene Anne of Bullongne was brought to the tower of London by sir Thomas Audleie lord chancellor the duke of Norffolke Thomas Cromwell secretarie and sir William Kingston constable of the tower and when she came to the tower gate entring in â—he fell on hir knées before the said lords beséeching God to helpe hir as she was not guiltie of that whereof she was accused and then desired the said lords to line 20 beséech the kings grace to be good vnto hir and so they left hir there prisoner On the fiftéenth of Maie quéene Anne was arreigned in the tower of London on a scaffold for that purpose made in the kings hall before the duke of Norffolke who sate vnder the cloth of estate as high steward of England with the lord chancellor on his right hand the duke of Suffolke on his left hand with marquesses and lords c and the earle of Surrie sat before the duke of Norffolke his father as earle marshall of England The kings commission being read the constable line 30 of the tower and the lieutenant brought the queene to the barre where was made a chaire for hir to sit downe in and there hir indictement was read wherevnto she made so wise and discréet answers that she seemed fullie to cleere hir selfe of all matters laid to hir charge but being tried by hir péeres whereof the duke of Suffolke was chiefe she was by them found guiltie and had iudgement pronounced by the duke of Norffolke line 40 Immediatlie the lord Rochford the queenes brother was likewise arreigned and condemned the lord maior of London his brethren the aldermen the wardens and foure persons mo of euerie the twelue principall companies being present The seauenteenth of Maie the lord Rochford brother to the quéene Henrie Norris Marke Smeton William Brierton and Francis Weston all of the kings priuie chamber about matters touching the quéene were beheaded on the tower hill the lord Rochfords line 50 bodie with the head was buried in the chappell of the tower the other foure in the churchyard there On the ninetéenth of Maie quéene Anne was on a scaffold made for that purpose vpon the gréene within the tower of London beheaded with the sword of Calis by the hands of the hangman of that towne hir bodie with the head was buried in the quéere of the chappell in the tower The words of queene Anne line 60 at hir death GOod christian people I am come hither to
thrée first as is found in their atteindor were executed for diuerse heresies but none alledged whereat saith Hall I haue much maruelled that their heresies were so manie and not one alledged as a speciall cause of their death And verelie at their deaths they asked the shiriffs what was their offense for which they were condemned Who answered they could not tell but most men said it was for preaching against the doctrine of Stephan Gardiner bishop of Winchester who chieflie as the same Hall saith procured their deaths The last thrée to wit Powell Fetherston and Abell suffered for treason as in their atteindor was speciall mention made to wit for denieng the kings supremacie and affirming his mariage with the ladie Katharin Dowager to be good The fourth of August Thomas Empson sometime a moonke of Westminster which had béene in prison for treason in Newgate now for the space of thrée yeares and more came before the iustices of gaole deliuerie at Newgate and for that he would not aske the kings pardon nor be sworne to be true to him his moonks garment was plucked from his backe and he repriued till the king were informed of his malicious obstinacie and this was the last moonke that was séene in his clothing in England till queene Maries daies The fourth of August were drawne from the Tower of London to Tiburne Giles Heron gentleman Clement Philpot gentleman late of Calis and seruant to the lord Lisle Darbie Genning Edmund Brindholme priest chapleine to the said lord Lisle William Horne late a laie brother of the Charterhouse of London and an other offendor which six persons were there hanged and quartered and had béene atteinted of treason by parlement The same daie also was one Charles Carew gentleman hanged for robbing of the ladie Carew The eight of August was the ladie Katharine Howard néece to the duke of Norffolke and daughter to the lord Edmund Howard shewed openlie as quéene at Hampton court The eleuenth of September a stranger was hanged in Moorefield named Iames Rinatian who had slaine his maister one Capon a Florentine in a garden for his harlot In the latter end of this summer was vniuersallie through the most parts of this realme great death by a strange kind of hot agues and fluxes and some pestilence in which season was such a drought that wels and small riuers were cleane dried vp so that line 10 much cattell died for lacke of water and the Thames was so shalow the fresh water of so small strength that the salt water flowed aboue London bridge till the raine had increased the fresh waters On the two and twentith of September Rafe Egerton seruant to the lord Audleie lord chancellor and one Thomas Harman seruant to one master Flightwood were drawne hanged and quartered the one for counterfeiting and antidating of the kings seale in a signâ—t wherewith he sealed licences for deuizens vnder the name of the clearkes of line 20 the chancerie and the other that is to saie Harman for writing them One Tuckefield being of their faction robbed the lord Audleies chappell and fled who being afterward apprehended at Calis which towne he would haue betraied he slue himselfe with a dagger In the end of this yeare the French king made a strong castell at Ard and also a bridge ouer into the English pale which bridge the crew of Calis did beat downe and the Frenchmen built it vp againe but the Englshmen beat it downe againe line 30 After this the K. sent about fiftéene hundred workemen to fortifie the towne of Guisnes and sent with them fiue hundred men of warre to gard them It was reported in France that a mightie armie was come ouer foorth of England with great ordinance which brute caused the French king to send to the frontiers of Picardie the duke of Uandosme and other capteins with all spéed to defend the same The king of England hearing thereof sent line 40 the earles of Surrie and Southampton and the lord Russell high admerall into the marches of Calis to set order there and after them he likewise sent two hundred light horssemen of the borders of Scotland whom the Frenchmen called Stradiots The lords hauing set order in things shortlie returned A boie oneRichard Mekins not past fiftéene yeares of age was burnt in Smithfield for speaking against the sacrament and contrarie to the statute of the six articles The bishop of London was thought in great line 50 fault for procuring that terrible execution seeing the yoong fellow was but an ignorant foole without learning and gladlie recanted that wherewith he was charged About the latter end of this yeare doctor Samson bishop of Chichester year 1541 and doctor Wilson which had béene committed to the tower as before ye haue heard were now pardoned of the king and set againe at libertie In the beginning of this yeare fiue priests in Yorkeshire began a new rebellion line 60 with the assent of one Leigh a gentleman and nine temporall men all which persons were apprehended and in diuers places put to execution The said Leigh and two other the one named Taterfall a clothier the other Thornton a yeoman on the seuentéenth of Maie were drawne through London to Tiburne and there executed And sir Iohn Neuill knight and ten other persons died for the same cause at Yorke The same daie Margaret countesse of Salisburie that had remained a long time prisoner in the tower was beheaded there within the tower She was the last of the right line and name of Plantagenet The ninth of Iune for example sake two of the kings gard the one named Damport and the other Chapman were hanged at Greenwich by the friers wall for robberies which they had committed ¶ On the tenth of Iune sir Edmund Kneuet knight of Norffolke was arreigned before the kings iustices sitting in the great hall at Gréenewich maister Gage comptrollor of the kings household maister Southwell sir Anthonie Browne sir Anthonie Winkeâ—ield maister Wrisleie and Edmund Peckham cofferer of the kings houshold for striking of one maister Clers of Norffolke seruant with the earle of Surrie within the kings house in the tenis court There was first chosen to go vpon the said Edmund a quest of gentlemen and a quest of yeomen to inquire of the said stripe by the which inquests he was found giltie and had iudgement to lose his right hand Wherevpon was called to doo the execution first the sergeant surgion with his instruments apperteining to his office the sergeant of the woodyard with the mallet and a blocke wherevpon the hand should lie the maister cooke for the king with the knife the sergeant of the larder to set the knife right on the ioint the sergeant ferrer with the searing irons to seare the veines the sergeant of the poultrie with a cocke which cocke should haue his head smitten off vpon the same blocke and with the same knife the yeoman
raised for that purpose vnder the leading of the countie de Buren admerall of the low countries and so these armies being vnited in one came before Muttrell and there laid siege to that line 10 towne being well manned and furnished with all things necessarie for defense as well in vittels as munition The chéefe capteine of which towne was mounsieur de Biez one of the marshals of France and gouernour also in the absence of monsieur de Uandosme of Picardie who being within Bullongne hearing how the English armie was passed by and drew towards Muttrell he left Bullongne and with all speed got him into Muttrell not mistrusting anie thing of that policie which the king of England line 20 went about which was to send this armie to besiege Muttrell to the end the Frenchmen might be kept occupied further off while he with the residue of his power should come and besiege Bullongne which towne standing most commodious for his purpose he ment by force to bring vnder his subiection Herevpon was the duke of Suffolke appointed with the kings armie to passe ouer accompanied with the earle of Arundell marshall of the field the lord saint Iohn and the bishop of Winchester sir line 30 Iohn Gage comptrollor of the kings house sir Anthonie Browne maister of the kings horsse with diuerse other worthie capteins all which the ninteenth of Iulie came before Bullongne incamped on the eastside of the said towne aloft vpon the hill and after for his more safetie remooued into a vallie where after manie sharpe skirmishes they first entered the base towne being left and forsaken by the inhabitants which hauing set fire on their fishing nets and other such baggage vnder couert of the smoke got line 40 them vp into the high towne before the Englishmen could espie them After this the Old man otherwise called Le toure dordre standing without the towne for a direction to them that were to enter the hauen and now being kept by sixtéene souldiers was yéelded vp by them vpon presenting the canon before it The Frenchmen within the towne being despoiled of those two places yet spared not to shoot off from their walles and bulworkes dooing what damage they might deuise and namelie from the castell line 50 and gréene bulworke they did much hurt to the Englishmen with their shot whereof they made no spare till at length they were forced to be quiet for the Englishmen so applied them with such plentie of their shot that the Frenchmen had no oportunitie to doo them anie great hurt with their artillerie The fourtéenth of Iulie the king in person accompanied with diuers of the nobilitie passed the seas from Douer to Calis and the six and twentith of the same moneth incamped himselfe before Bullongne on the north side within lesse than three quarters of a mile line 60 of the towne where he remained till the towne was surrendered into his hands The king being then in campe it was a matter of ease to discerne which was he for none of the rest came néere him in talnesse by the head as for his proportion of lims it was answerable to his goodlie stature and making a memorable description whereof as also of his artificiall armour I find reported as followeth Rex capite Henricus reliquos supereminet omnes Heros praeualidus seu fortia brachia spectes Seu suras quas fuluo opifex incluserat auro Siue virile ducis praestanti pectore corpus Nulla vi domitum nullo penetrabile ferro c. Beside the trenches which were cast and brought in maner round about the town there was a mount raised vpon the east side and diuerse peeces of artillerie planted aloft on the same the which togither with the morter péeces soâ—â— annoied them within battered downe the steeple of our ladies church To conclude the batterie was made in most forcible wise in thrée seuerall places and the walles towers and castell were vndermineâ— and the towne within so beaten with shot out of the campe and from the mount and trench by the morter péeces that there were verie few houses left whole therein The towne thus standing in great distresse there were two hundred Frenchmen and Italians which interprised vnder the conduct of Ioâ—ourtio to enter the town in couert of the night which exploit they so warilie atchiued that by meanes of a priest that could speake the English toong they passed by the scouts through the watch so as the most part of them were got ouer the trenches yer it was knowne what they were to the number of six score of them got into the towne but the residue after they were once descried being intercepted were taken or slaine Although this small succour somewhat relieued them within and put them in some hope to defend the towne somewhat longer against the kings power yet â—t length when a péece of the castell was blowne vp and the breaches made as was thought reasonable the assault was giuen by the lord admerall Dudleie that was come thither from the sea which he had scowred after his returne foorth of Scotland This assault was couragiouslie giuen and to speake a truth no lesse manfullie defended so that when the assailants had perceiued in what state the breaches stood and what prouision they within had made for defense of their towne which vndoubtedlie was great for nothing was by them omitted that might either aduantage the defendants or annoie the assailants those that were appointed in this sort to giue the assault were called backe and so they retired but not without losse on both sides and namelie of them within For during the time of the assault the great artillerie did beat still vpon them that presented themselues at the breaches to repell the assailants and so diuerse of their valiant capteins and braue souldiers were slaine at this assault among other capteine Philip Corse Shortlie after the capteins within the towne doubting to be eftsoones assaulted and perceiuing themselues in extreame danger to lose the towne by force if they prouided not the sooner by rendering it to saue themselues they sent foorth two of their chiefe capteins monsieur Semblemont and monsieur de Haies which declared vnto the king that monsieur de Ueruine gouernour of the towne with his retinue was contented to deliuer the towne vnto his grace with condition that they might passe wiâ—h â—ag and baggage Which request the king like a noble and mercifull prince fréelie granted and so the next daie the duke of Suffolke rode into Bullongne vnto whome in the kings name the keies of the towne were deliuered in the afternone departed out of Bullongne all the Frenchmen with heauie hearts to the number of six thousand as C. O. witnesseth saieng Sex hinc exierant Gallorum millia gentis The number of the men of warre that were strong and able to serue were of horssemen sixtie seuen of footmen fiftéene hundred thréescore
conuoie of vittels from Calis to Bullogne Whilest he there remained manie princes and great lords came from the court that laie at an abbeie called forrest Montier eleuen leagues from Bullogne beyond Muttrell on the waie towards Abuille in hope that battell should haue followed bewixt the English and French armies Among other that came thither are these remembred as principall monsieur Danguien monsieur Daumalle monsieur le duc de Neuers monsieur le conte de Lauall and monsieur de la Trimouille Monsieur Daumalle eldest sonne to the duke of Guise being lodged in the vantgard that was gouerned by monsieur de Brissac chanced on a daie to be present at a skirmish where shewing himselfe verie forward he was striken through the sight of his helmet with a light horssemans staffe that pearsing in betwixt his nose and his eie entred halfe a foot into his head as monsieur de Langeie writeth and breaking off a two singers beneath the iron the same iron remained still within his head but yet escaping out of the English mens hands he came backe to the campe had the truncheon and iron pulled out of his head and being dressed was conueied in a litter to Piquignie where he laie for two or thrée daies in such danger that no man looked that he should haue escaped with life There were manie of these skirmishes wherin the Englishmen bare themselues so valiantlie that the Frenchmen went awaie oftentimes with losse of manie of their noble men and best souldiers At one time they lost the lord Menaintuille brother to the lord de Tillebonne being slaine with stroke of lance and pike At another time they lost likewise a yoong lord of Picardie called le seigneur de Fretoie At length after their new fort or bastiâ—lion was brought in some strength they furnished it in most defensible wise with men munition and vittels naming it Monpleastre Herewith monsieur de Biez departing from mount Lambert with part of the armie came downe towards Calis and entring into the English pale beside Grauelin wan certeine bulworks and incountring diuerse new bands of Leicestershiremen and others latelie before sent ouer distressed them and after burnt certeine villages forraied the countrie almost to Marke and afterwards in great hast with their bootie and pillage they turned This enterprise was exploited by the French men about S. Matthews daie in September There were with monsieur de Biez at this enterprise the lord of Brissac who gouerned the vauntgard and had with him his owne companie of men of armes and the light horssemen of whome he had the generall conduct There was also the companie of men at armes that belonged to the constable of France led by the lord Guich fiftie men of armes vnder the gouernance of the lord of Helleie the companie also of the lord of Boisie the companie of the lord Escars and that of the lord de la Roch du Maine others There was also monsieur de Taies generall of the French footmen and manie yoong princes and lords of high estate as monsieur Francis de Bourbon duc Danglien Francis de Lorraine duke Daumalle latelie recouered of his hurt the duke of Neuers and the earle de Lauall that in this voiage was hurt with an harquebush shot in the arme The three and twentith of Nouember a parlement began at Westminster in the which was granted to the king a subsidie of the spiritualtie of six shillings the pound to be paid in two yeares next insuing and of the temporaltie two shillings and eight pence of the pound in goods and foure shillings of the pound in lands to be paid likewise within two yeares Also in this parlement all colleges chanteries and hospitals were committed to the king to order by altering or transposing the same as to him should séeme expedient which at the prorogation of the same parlement line 10 he promised should be doone to the glorie of God and the common profit of the realme The foure and twâ—ntith of December the said parlement was proroged on which daie the king comming into the house to giue his roiall assent vnto such acts as were passed the speaker made vnto him an eloquent oration to the which although the custome hath euer beene that the lord chancellor should make answer it pleased the king at that present to make the answer himselfe which he vttered as here ensueth line 20 The kings oration in the parlement house ALthough my chancellor for the time being hath before this time vsed verie eloquentlie and substantiallie to make answer to such orations as hath béene set foorth in this high court of parlement yet is he not so able to open and set foorth line 30 my mind and meaning and the secrets of my heart in so plaine and ample manner as I my selfe am and can doo Wherefore I taking vpon me to answer your eloquent oration maister speaker saie that where you in the name of our welbeloued commons haue both praised and extolled me for the notable qualities that you haue conceiued to be in me I most hartilie thanke you all that you haue put me in remembrance of my dutie which is to indeuour my selfe to obteine and get such excellent qualities line 40 and necessarie vertues as a prince or gouernour should or ought to haue of which gifts I recognise my selfe both bare and barren but of such small qualities as God hath indued me withall I render to his goodnesse my most humble thanks intending with all my wit and diligence to get and acquire to me such notable vertues and princelie qualities as you haue alledged to be incorporated in my person These thanks for your louing admonition and good line 50 counsell first remembred I eftsoones thanke you Againe bicause that you considering our great charge not for our pleasure but for your defense not for our gaine but to our great cost which we haue latelie susteined aswell in defense of our and your enimies as for the conquest of that fortresse which was to this realme most displesant and noisome and shal be by Gods grace hereafter to our nation most profitable and pleasant haue fréelie of your owne minds granted to vs a certeine subsidie here in an line 60 act specified which verelie we take in good part regarding more your kindnesse than the profit thereof as he that setteth more by your louing harts than by your substance Beside this hartie kindnesse I cannot a little reioise when I consider the perfect trust and confidence which you haue put in me as men hauing vndoubted hope and vnfeined beléefe in my good dooings and iust proceedings for you without my desire or request haue committed to mine order and disposition all chanteries colleges hospitals and other places specified in a certeine act firmlie trusting that I will order them to the g lorie of God and the profit of the common-wealth Surelie if I contrarie to your expectation should suffer
staffe The which then with so valiant a courage he charged at one as it was thought Dandie Car a capteine among them that he did not onelie compell Car to turne and himselfe chased him aboue twelue score togither all the waie at the speares point so that if line 60 Cars horsse had not beene excéeding good and wight his lordship had surelie run him through in this race but also with his little band caused all the rest to flee amaine After whome as Henrie Uane a gentleman of the said earles and one of his companie did fiercelie pursue foure or fiue Scots suddenlie turned and set vpon him and though they did not altogither escape his hands free yet by hewing and mangling his head bodie and manie places else they did so crueltie intreat him as if rescue had not come the sooner they had slaine him outright Here was Barteuill run at sideling and hurt in the buttocke and one of the Englishmen slaine of Scots againe none slaine but thrée taken prisoners wherof one was Richard Maxwell and hurt in the thigh who had béene long in England not long before and had receiued right manie benefits both of the late kings liberalitie and of the earle of Warwike and of manie other nobles and gentlemen in the court beside But to conclude if the earle of Warwike had not thus valiantlie incountred them yer they could haue warned their ambush how weaklie he was garded he had béene beset round about by them yer he could haue bin aware of them or rescued of other Whereas hereby his lordship vndoubtedlie shewed his woonted valor saued his companie and discâ—mfited the enimie As Barteuill the Frenchman that daie had right honestlie serued so did the lords right honorablie acquite it for the earle of Warwike did get him a surgion and dressed he was streight after laid and conueied in the lord protectors owne chariot The rest that were hurt were here also drest Scots and others The armie hauing marched that same daie nine miles incamped at night by a towne standing on the Frith called Lang Nuddreie The next morning being thursdaie the eight of September in time of the dislodging of the English campe signe was made to some of the ships whereof the most part and chiefest laie a ten or twelue miles in the Forth beyond vs ouer against Lieth Edenborough that the lord admerall should come a shore to speake with the lord protector In the meane time somewhat earlie as our gallie was comming toward vs about a mile and more beyond our campe the Scots were verie busie wasting here on shore toward them with a banner of saint George that they had so to traine them to come on land there but the earle of Warwike soone disappointed the policie for making toward that place where the lord admerall should come on shore the Englishmen on the water by the sight of his presence did soone discerne their friends from their foes The lord admerall herevpon came to land and riding backe with the earle vnto the lord protector order was taken that the great ships should remoue from before Lieth and come to lie before Muskelborough and the Scotish campe which laie there in field alreadie assembled to resist the English power that marched thus towards them The smaller vessels that were vittelers were appointed to lie néerer to the armie The lord admerall herevpon being returned to the water the armie marching onward a mile or two there appéered aloft on a hill that laie longwise east and west and on the south side of them vpon a six hundred of their horssemen prickers wherof some within a flight shoot directlie against the Englishmen shewed themselues vpon the same hill more further off Toward these ouer a small bridge that laie ouer a little riuer there verie hardlie did ride about a dozen haquebutters on horssebacke and held them at baie so nie to their noses that whether it were by the goodnesse of the same haquebutters or the badnesse of them the Scots did not onelie not come downe to them but also verie courteouslie gaue place and fled to their fellowes The armie went on but so much the slowlier bicause the waie was somewhat narrow by meanes of the Forth on the one side and certeine marishes on the other The Scots kept alwaies pase with them till there were shot off two field peeces twise wherewith there was a man killed and the leg of one of their horsses striken off which caused them to withdraw so that the Englishmen saw no more of theâ—â— till they came to the place where they meant to incampe for there they shewed themselues againe aloft on the fore remembred hill standing as it were to view and take muster of the armie but when the lord Greie made towards them minding to know their commission they wiselie ment their waie and would not once abide the reasoning Little else was doone that daie but that George Ferrers one of the duke of Summersets gentlemen and one of the commissioners of the cariages in the armie perceiuing where certeine Scots were got into a caue vnder the earth stopping some of the line 10 vents and setting fire on the other smothered them to death as was thought it could be none other by coniecture of the smoke breaking forth at some of the other vents The English ships also taking their leaue from before Lieth with a score of shot or more and as they came by saluting the Scots in their campe also with as manie came and laie according to appointment The armie hauing marched this daie about a fiue miles incamped at Salt Preston by the Forth On fridaie the ninth of September line 20 the English armie lieng in sight view of the Scotish campe that laie two miles or therabouts from them had the Forth on the north and the hill last remembred on the south the west end whereof is called Faurside Braie on the which standeth a sorie castell and halfe a score houses of like worthinesse by it and had westward before the Englishmen the Scots lieng in campe About a mile from the English campe were the Scots horsemen verie busie pranking vp and downe faine would haue béene a counsell with the Englishmens doings who againe bicause line 30 the Scots seemed to sit to receiue them did diligentlie prepare that they might soone go to them and therfore kept within their campe all that daie The lord protector and the councell sitting in consultation the capteines and officers prouiding their bâ—nds store of vittels and furniture of weapons for furtherance whereof our vessels of munition and vittels were here alreadie come to the shore The Scots continued their brauerie on the hill the which the Englishmen not being so well able to beare line 40 made out a band of light horssemen and a troope of demilances to backe them the Englishmen and strangers that serued among them got vp aloft on the
from Edward the third and Iohn of Gant some made verses Amongst all other maister White then bishop of Lincolne in his poeticall veine being droonken with ioie of the marriage spued out certeine verses the copie whereof we haue here inserted to impart vnto common knowlege Philippi Mariae genealogia qua ambo principes ex Iohanne de Gandauo Eduarditertij Angliae Franciaeque regis filio descendisse ostenduntur Whito Lincolniense authore Ille parens regum Gandaua ex vrbe Iohannes Somersetensem comitem profert Iohannem Somersetensis venit hoc patre dux Iohannes Qui Margaretam Richemundi habuit comitissam Haec dedit Henricum qui regni septimus huius Henrico octauo solium regale reliquit Hoc patre propitio fausto quasi sydere nata Iure tenes sacram teneásque Maria coronam Verses of maister White bishop of Lincolne concerning the marriage of Philip and Marie Nubat vt Angla Anglo regina Maria Philippo Inque suum fontem regia stirps redeat Noluit humani generis daemon vetus hostis Sed Deus Anglorum prouida spes voluit Nollet Scotus inops timidúsque ad praelia Gallus Caesar Italia Flandria tota volet Noluit Haereticus stirps Caiphae pontificum grex Pontificum sed grex Catholicus voluit Octo vxorati Patres in daemone nollent Quinque Cathenati pro pietate volent Noluit Iohannes Dudley Northumbrius vrsus Sed fidum regni Concilium voluit Noluit aetatis nostrae Catilina Viatus Sed proceres plebs pia turba volet Nollet Graius dux Cantia terra rebellans Nos quoniam Dominus sic voluit volumus Clarior effectus repetat sua limina sanguis Cùm sit Philippo iuncta Maria viro But to procéed As soone as the feasting solemnitie of the said marriage was ended the king and quéene departed from Winchester and by easie iournies came to Windsore castell where the fift of August being sundaie he was stalled according to the order of the garter and there kept S. Georges feast himselfe in his roiall estate and the earle of Sussex was also the same time stalled in the order At which time an herald tooke downe the armes of England at Windsore and in the place of them would haue set the armes of Spaine but he was commanded to set them vp againe by certeine lords The seuenth of August was made a generall hunting with a toile raised of foure or fiue miles in length so that manie a déere that day was brought to the quarrie The eleuenth of August they remooued to Richmond and from thence the 27 of the same moneth they came by water to London landing at the bishop of Winchesters house through which they passed both to Southworke parke and so to Suffolke place where they lodged that night and the next daie being saturdaie and the nineteenth of August they being accompanied with a great number of nobles and gentlemen rode from thence ouer the bridge and passed through London vnto Westminster ¶ Now as the king came to London bridge as he entred at the drawbridge was a vaine great spectacle set vp two images representing two giants one named Corineus and the other Gogmagog holding betweene them certeine Latine verses which for the vaine ostentation of flatterie I ouerpasse And as they passed ouer the bridge there was a number of ordinance shot at the tower such as by old mens report the like hath not béene heard or séene these hundred yéeres From London bridge they passed to the conduit in Gratious stréet which was finelie painted and among other things the nine worthies whereof king Henrie the eight was one He was painted in harnesse hauing in one hand a sword and in the other hand a booke wherevpon was written Verbum Dei deliuering the same booke as it were to his sonne king Edward who was painted in a corner by him But herevpon was no small matter line 10 made for the bishop of Winchester lord chancellor sent for the painter and not onelie called him knaue for painting a booke in king Henries hand and speciallie for writing therevpon Verbum Dei but also ranke traitor villen saieng to him that he should rather haue put the booke into the quéenes hand who was also painted there for that she had reformed the church and religion with other things according to the pure and sincere word of God indéed The painter answered and said that if he had knowne that that line 20 had beene the matter wherefore his lordship sent for him he could haue remedied it and not haue troubled his lordship The bishop answered and said that it was the quéenes maiesties will and commandement that he should send for him and so commanding him to wipe out the booke and Verbum Dei too he sent him home So the painter departed but fearing least he should leaue some part either of the booke or of Verbum Dei in king Henries hand he wiped awaie a péece of his line 30 fingers withall Here I passe ouer and cut off other gauds and pageants of pastime shewed vnto him in passing through London with the flattering verses set vp in Latine wherin were blazed out in one place the fiue Philips as the fiue worthies of the world Philip of Macedonia Philip the emperor Philippus Audax Philippus Bonus Philip prince of Spaine and king of England In another poetrie king Philip was resembled by an image representing Orpheus and all English people resembled to brute and line 40 sauage beasts following after Orpheus harpe and dansing after king Philips pipe Not that I reprehend the art of the Latine verses which was fine and cunning but that I passe ouer the matter hauing other grauer things in hand and therefore passe ouer also the sight at Paules church side of him that came downe vpon a rope tied to the batlements with his head before neither staieng himselfe with hand or foot which shortlie after cost him his life But one thing by the waie I cannot let passe touching line 50 the yoong florishing rood newlie set vp against this present time to welcome king Philip into Paules church The setting vp of which rood was this and may make as good a pageant as the best Anno 2. Mariae Boner in his roialtie and all his prebendaries about him in Paules quéere the rood laid along vpon the pauement and also all the doores of Paules being shut the bishop with other said and soong diuers praiers by the rood that being doone they annointed line 60 the rood with oile in diuers places and after the annointing crept vnto it and kissed it After that they tooke the said rood and weied him vp and set him in his old accustomed place and all the while they were dooing thereof the whole queere sang Te Deum and when that was ended they rang the bels not onlie for ioy but also for the notable and great
entrance heere Behold with how rich hope she leades thee to thy crowne Behold with what two gifts she comforteth thy cheere The first is blessing toongs which manie a welcome saie Which praie thou maist doo well which praise thee to the skie Which wish to thee long life which blesse this happie daie Which to thy kingdome heapes all that in toongs can lie The second is true hearts which loue thee from their root Whose sure is triumph now and ruleth all the game Which faithfulnesse haue woone and all vntruth driuen out Which skip for ioy when as they heare thy happie name Welcome therefore ô queene as much as heart can thinke Welcome againe ô queene as much as toong can tell Welcome to ioyous toongs and hearts that will not shrinke God thee preserue we praie and wish thee euer well At which words of the last line all the people gaue a great shout wishing with one assent as the child had said And the quéens maiestie thanked most heartilie both the citie for this hir gentle receiuing at the first also the people for confirming the same Here was noted in the quéenes maiesties countenance during the time that the child spake besides a perpetuall attentiuenesse in hir face a maruellous change in looke as the childs words either touched hir person or the peoples toongs and hearts So that she with reioising visage did euidentlie declare that the words tooke no lesse place in hir mind than they were most heartilie pronounced by the child as from all the hearts of hir most heartie citizens The same verses were fastened vp in a table line 10 vpon the scaffold and the Latine thereof likewise in Latine verses in another table as herafter insueth Vrbs tua quae ingressis dederit tibi munera primo O regina parem non habitura vide Ad diadema tuum te spe quà m diuite mittat Quae duo laetitiae des tibi dona vide Munus habes primum linguas bona multa precantes Quae te quum laudant tum pia vota soâ—â—ant Foelicémque diem hunc dicunt tibi sacula longa Optant quicquid denique longa potest line 20 Altera dona feres vera tui amantia corda Quorum gens ludum iam reget vna tuum In quibus est infracta fides falsumque perosa Quaeque tuo audito nomine laeta salit Grata venis igitur quantum cor concipit vllum Quantum lingua potest dicere grata venis Cordibus infractis linguisque per omnia laetis Grata venis saluam te velit esse Deus Now when the child had pronounced his oration and the quéenes highnesse so thankefullie had receiued line 30 it she marched forward toward Gratious stréet where at the vpper end before the signe of the eagle the citie had erected a gorgeous and sumptuous arch as here followeth A stage was made which extended from the one side of the stréet to the other richlie vawted with battlements conteining thrée ports and ouer the middlemost was aduanced thrée seuerall stages in degrées Upon the lowest stage was made one seat roiall wherein were placed two personages representing line 40 king Henrie the seuenth and Elizabeth his wife daughter of king Edward the fourth either of these two princes sitting vnder one cloth of estate in their seates none otherwise diuided but that the one of them which was king Henrie the seuenth procéeding out of the house of Lancaster was inclosed in a red rose and the other which was quéene Elizabeth being heire to the house of Yorke inclosed with a white rose each of them roiallie crowned and decentlie apparelled as apperteineth to princes with line 50 scepters in their hands and one vawt surmounting their heads wherein aptlie were placed two tables each conteining the title of those two princes And these personages were so set that the one of them ioined hands with the other with the ring of matrimonie perceiued on the finger Out of the which two roses sprang two branches gathered into one which were directed vpward to the second stage or degrée wherein was placed one representing the valiant noble prince king Henrie the eight which sproong line 60 out of the former stocke crowned with a crowne imperiall and by him sat one representing the right woorthie ladie quéene Anne wife to the said king Henrie the eight and mother to our most souereigne ladie quéene Elizabeth that now is both apparelled with scepters and diadems and other furniture due to the state of a king and quéene and two tables surmounting their heads wherein were written their names and titles From their seat also procéeded vpwards one branch directed to the third and vppermost stage or degrée wherein likewise was planted a seat roiall in the which was set one representing the quéenes most excellent maiestie Elizabeth now our most dread souereigne ladie crowned and apparelled as the other princes were Out of the fore part of this pageant was made a standing for a child which at the queens maiesties comming declared vnto hir the whole meaning of the said pageant The two sides of the same were filled with lowd noises of musicke And all emptie places thereof were furnished with sentences concerning vnitie and the whole pageant garnished wich red roses and white And in the fore front of the same pageant in a faire wreath was written the name and title of the same which was The vniting of the two houses of Lancaster and Yorke This pageant was grounded vpon the quéens maiesties name For like as the long warre betweene the two houses of Yorke and Lancaster then ended when Elizabeth daughter to Edward the fourth matched in mariage with Henrie the seuenth heire to the house of Lancaster so sith that the quéenes maiesties name was Elizabeth for somuch as she is the onelie heire of Henrie the eight which came of both the houses as the knitting vp of concord it was deuised that like as Elizabeth was the first occasion of concord so she another Elizabeth might mainteine the same among hir subiects so that vnitie was the end whereat the whole deuise shot as the quéenes maiesties name moued the first ground The pageant now against the quéenes maiesties comming was addressed with children representing the forenamed personages with all furniture due vnto the setting forth of such a matter well meant as the argument declared costlie and sumptuouslie set foorth as the beholders can beare witnesse Now the quéenes maiestie drew néere vnto the said pageant And for so much as the noise was great by reason of the prease of people so that she could scarse heare the child which did interpret the said pageant and hir chariot was passed so far forwards that she could not well view the personages representing the kings quéenes aboue named she required to haue the matter opened vnto hir and what they signified with the end of vnitie and ground of hir name according as is
pageant But in the opening when hir grace vnderstood that the bible in English should be deliuered vnto hir by Truth which was therein represented by a child she thanked the citie for that gift and said that she would oftentimes read ouer that booke commanding sir Iohn Parrat one of the knights which held vp hir canopie to go before and to receiue the booke But learning that it should be deliuered vnto hir grace downe by a silken lace she caused him to staie and so passed forward till she came against the aldermen in the high end of Cheape before the little conduit where the companies of the citie ended which began at Fanchurch stood along the stréets one by an other inclosed with railes hanged with cloths and themselues well apparelled with manie rich furres and their liuerie hoods vpon their shoulders in comelie and seemelie maner hauing before them sundrie persons well apparelled in silks and chains of gold as wiflers and garders of the said companies besides a number of rich hangings as well of tapistrie arras cloths of gold siluer veluet damaske sattin and other silks plentifullie hanged all the waie as the queenes highnesse passed from the tower thorough the citie Out at the windowes and penthouses of euerie house did hang a number of rich and costlie banners line 10 and stremers till hir grace came to the vpper end of Cheape Where by appointment the right worshipfull master Ranulph Cholmelie recorder of the citie presented to the quéenes maiestie a pursse of crimson sattin richlie wrought with gold wherein the citie gaue vnto the quéens maiestie a thousand marks in gold as master recorder did declare bréefelie vnto the quéens maiestie whose words tended to this end that the lord maior his brethren and communaltie of line 20 the citie to declare their gladnesse and goodwill towards the quéenes maiestie did present hir grace with that gold desiring hir grace to continue their good and gratious queene and not to esteeme the value of the gift but the mind of the giuers The queens maiestie with both hir hands tooke the pursse and answered to him againe maruellous pithilie and so pithilie that the standers by as they imbraced intirelie hir gratious answer so they maruelled at the couching thereof which was in words truelie reported these I thanke my lord maior his brethren and you line 30 all And whereas your request is that I should continue your good ladie and quéene be yee ensured that I will be as good vnto you as euer quéene was to hir people No will in me can lacke neither doo I trust shall there lacke anie power And persuade your selues that for the safetie and quietnesse of you all I will not spare if néed be to spend my bloud God thanke you all Which answer of so noble an hearted princesse if it mooued a maruellous shout line 40 reioising it is nothing to be maruelled at sith both the haltinesse thereof was so woonderfull and the words so iointlie knit When hir grace had thus answered the recorder she marched toward the little conduit where was erected a pageant with square proportion standing directlie before the same conduit with battlements accordinglie And in the same pageant was aduanced two hilles or mounteins of conuenient height The one of them being on the north side of the same pageant line 50 was made â—ragged barren and stonie in the which was erected one trée artificiallie made all withered and dead with branches accordinglie And vnder the same trée at the foot thereof sat one in homelie and rude apparrell crookedlie and in mourning maner hauing ouer his head in a table written in Latine and English his name which was Ruinosa respublica A decaied commonweale And vpon the same withered trée were fixed certeine tables wherein were written proper sentences expressing the causes line 60 of the decaie of a commonweale The other hill on the south side was made faire fresh greene and beautifull the ground thereof full of floures and beautie and on the same was erected also one tree verie fresh and faire vnder the which stood vpright one fresh personage well apparelled and appointed whose name also was written both in English and Latine which was Respublica bene instituta A flourishing common-weale And vpon the same tree also were fixed certeine tables conteining sentences which expressed the causes of a flourishing commonweale In the middle betweene the said hils was made artificiallie one hollow place or caue with doore and locke inclosed out of the which a little before the quéenes highnesse comming thither issued one personage whose name was Time apparelled as an old man with a sieth in his hand hauing wings artificiallie made leading a personage of lesser stature than himselfe which was finelie and well apparrelled all clad in white silke and directlie ouer hir head was set hir name and title in Latine and English Temporis filia The daughter of Time Which two so appointed went forwards toward the south side of the pageant And on hir brest was written hir proper name which was Veritas Truth who held a booke in hir hand vpon the which was written Verbum veritatis The word of truth And out of the south side of the pageant was cast a standing for a child which should interpret the same pageant Against whome when the quéenes maiestie came he spake vnto hir grace these swéet words This old man with the sieth old father Time they call And hir his daughter Truth which holdeth yonder booke Whome he out of his rocke hath brought foorth to vs all From whence this manie yeares she durst not once out looke The ruthfull wight that sits vnder the barren tree Resembleth to vs the forme when common weales decaie But when they be in state triumphant you may see By him in fresh attire that sits vnder the baâ—e Now sith that Time againe his daughter Truth hath brought We trust ô worthie queene thou wilt this truth imbrace And sith thou vnderstandst the good estate and naught We trust wealth thou wilt plant and barrennes displace But for to heale the sore and cure that is not seene Which thing the booke of truth dooth teach in writing plaine Shee dooth present to thee the same ô worthie queene For that that words doo flie but written dooth remaine When the child had thus ended his spéech he reached his booke towards the quéenes maiestie which a little before Truth had let downe vnto him from the hill which by sir Iohn Parrat was receiued and deliuered vnto the quéene But shée as soone as she had receiued the booke kissed it and with both hir hands held vp the same and so laid it vpon hir brest with great thanks to the citie therefore and so went forward towards Paules churchyard The former matter which was rehearsed vnto the quéenes maiestie was written in two tables on either side the pageant eight verses and in the middest these in
Latine Ille vides falcem laeua qui sustinet vncam Tempus is est cui stat filia vera comes Hanc pater exesa deductam rupereponit In lucem quam non viderat antè diu Qui sedet à laeua cultu malè tristis inepto Quem duris crescens cautibus orbis obit Nos monet effigie qua sit respublica quando â—orruit at contra quando beata viget Ille docet iuuenis forma spectandus amictu Scitus aeterna laurea fronde virens The sentences written in Latine and English vpon both the trées declaring the causes of both estates and first of a ruinous commonweale were these Want of Gods feare disobedience to rulers blindnesse of guides briberie in magistrats rebellion in subiects ciuill discord flattering of princes vnmercifulnesse in rulers vnthankefulnesse in subiects Causes of a flourishing commonweale are these Feare of God a wise prince learned rulers obedience to officers obedient subiects louers of the commonweale vertue rewarded vice chastened The matter of this pageant dependeth of them that went before For as the first declared hir grace line 10 to come out of the house of vnitie the second that she is placed in the seat of gouernement staid with vertues to the suppression of vice and therefore in the third the eight blessings of almightie God might well be applied vnto hir so this fourth now is to put hir grace in remembrance of the state of the commonweale which Time with Truth his daughter dooth reueale which Truth also hir grace hath receiued and therefore cannot but be mercifull and carefull for the good gouernement thereof From thence line 20 the quéenes maiestie passed toward Paules churchyard and when she came ouer against Paules schoole a child appointed by the schoolemaister thereof pronounced a certeine oration in Latine and certeine verses which also were there written as followeth Philosophus ille diuinus Plato inter multa praeclarè ac sapienter dicta hoc posteris proditum reliquit Rempublicam illam foeliciss fore cui princeps sophiae studiosa virtutibúsque ornata contigerit line 30 Quem si verè dixisse censeamus vt quidem verissimè cur non terra Britannica plauderet cur non populus gaudium atque laetitiam agitaret Immo cur non hunc diem albo quod aiunt lapillo notaret Quo princeps talis nobis adest qualeÌ„ priores non viderunt qualémque posteritas haud facilè cernere poterit dotibus quum animi tum corporis vndique foelicissima Casti quidem corporis dotes ita apertae sunt vt oratione non egeant Animi line 40 verò tot tantaeque vt ne verbis quidem exprimipossint Haec nempe regibus summis orta morum atque animi nobilitate genus exuperaet Huius pectus Christi religionis amore flagrat Haec gentem Britannicam virtutibus illustrabit clypeóque iustitiae teget Haec literis Graecis Latinis eximia ingenióque praepollens est Hac imperante pietas vigebit Anglia florebit aurea saecula redibunt Vos igitur Angli tot commoda accepturi Elisabetham reginam nostram celeberrimam ab ipso Christo line 50 huius regni imperio destinatam honore debito prosequimini Huius imperijs animo libentissimo subditi estote vósque tali principe dignos praebete Et quoniam pueri non viribus sed precibus officium praestare possunt nos alumni huius scholae ab ipso Coleto olim templi Paulini decano extructae teneras palmas ad coelum tendentes Christum Opt. Max. precaturi sumus vt tuam celsitudinem annos Nestoreos summo cum honore Anglis imperitare line 60 faciat matrémque pignoribus charis beatam reddat Amen Anglia nunc tandem plaudas laetare resulta Praesto iam vita est praesidiúmque tibi En tua spes venit tua gloria lux decus omne Venit iam solidam qua tibi praestat opem Succurrétque tuis rebus quae pessum abiere Perdita quae fuerant haec reparare volet Omnia florebunt redeunt nunc aurea saecla In melius surgent quae cecidere bona Debes ergo illi totam te reddere fidam Cuius in accessu commoda tot capies Salue igitur dicas imo de pectore summo Elizabeth regni non dubitanda salus Virgo venit veniátque optes comitata deinceps Pignoribus charis laeta parens veniat Hoc Deus omnipotens ex alto donet olympo Qui coelum terram condidit atque regit Which the quéenes maiestie most attentiuelie hearkened vnto And when the child had pronounced he did kisse the oration which he had there faire written in paper and deliuered it vnto the quéenes maiestie which most gentlie receiued the same And when the quéenes maiestie had heard all that was there offered to be spoken then hir grace marched toward Ludgate where she was receiued with a noise of instruments the fore front of the gate being finelie trimmed vp against hir maiesties comming From thence by the way as she went downe toward Fleet-bridge one about hir grace noted the cities charge that there was no cost spared Hir grace answered that she did well consider the same and that it should be remembred An honorable answer worthie a noble prince which may comfort all hir subiects considering that there can be no point of gentlenesse or obedient loue shewed towards hir grace which she doth not most tenderlie accept and gratiouslie weie In this maner the people on euerie side reioising hir grace went forward towards the conduit in Fléetstréet where was the fift and last pageant erected in forme following From the conduit which was beautified with painting vnto the northside of the stréet was erected a stage imbatteled with foure towers and in the same a square plat rising with degrées and vpon the vppermost degrée was placed a chaire or seat roiall and behind the same seat in curious artificiall maner was erected a trée of reasonable heigth and so farre aduanced aboue the seat as it did well and seemelie shadow the same without indamaging the sight of anie part of the pageant and the same trée was beautified with leaues as gréene as art could deuise being of a conuenient greatnesse and conteining therevpon the fruit of the date And on the top of the same tree in a table was set the name thereof which was a palme tree and in the aforesaid seat or chaire was placed a séemelie and meet personage richlie apparelled in parlement robes with a scepter in hir hand as a queene crowned with an open crowne whose name and title was in a table fixed ouer hir head in this sort Debora the iudge and restorer of the house of Israell Iudic. 4. And the other degrees on either side were furnished with six personages two representing the nobilitie two the cleargie two the communaltie And before these personages was written in a table Debora with hir estats consulting for the good gouernment of
those that bled till they died stroue so much with their sickenesse that the bloud issued out at their vents but yet had perfect memorie euen to the yéelding of their breath as was verie well perceiued by sir William Babington who neuer ceased to call vpon God in his great agonie c. This reported W. B. as a certeine truth to stop the flieng rumors of those that as he saith haue spoken vntrulie in this behalfe and published their owne fantasies On sundaie the fourth of August betwéene the houres of nine and ten of the clocke in the forenone whilest the minister was reading of the second lesson in the parish church of Bliborough a towne in Suffolke a strange and terrible tempest of lightening and thunder strake thorough the wall of the same church into the ground almost a yard déepe draue downe all the people on that side aboue twentie persons then renting the wall vp to the reuestre clef◠the doore and returning to the steeple rent the timber brake the chimes fled toward Bongie a towne six miles off The people that were striken downe were found groueling more than halfe an houre after whereof one man more than fortie yeares and a boie of fiftéene yeares old were found starke dead the other were scorched The same or the like flash of lightening and cracks of thunder rent the parish church of Bongie nine miles from Norwich wroong in sunder the wiers and whéeles of the clocks slue two men which sat in the belfreie when the other were at the procession or suffrages and scorched an other which hardlie escaped The tower on London bridge being taken downe and a new foundation drawne sir Iohn Langleie lord maior of the citie of London laid the first stone on the eight and twentith line 10 daie of August in the presence of the shiriffes of London the two bridgemasters which new tower was finished in the moneth of September Anno 1579. The thirtith daie of Nouember Cutbert Maine was drawne hanged and quartered at Lanceston in Cornewall for preferring Romane power The seuentéenth of Ianuarie one Simon Penbrooke dwelling in saint Georges parish in Southworke being a figureflinger and vehementlie suspected to line 20 be a coniurer by commandement of the ordinarie iudge for those parties appeared in the parish church of saint Sauiors in Southworke at a court holden there Which Simon being busied in interteining a proctor and hauing monie in his hand leaned his head vpon a pew wherein the proctor stood which after he had doone a certeine space the proctor began to lift vp his head to sée what he ailed and found him departing out of life and streightwaie the said Simon fell downe ratling a little in the throte and neuer line 30 spake word after This was doone euen as the iudge came into the church who said it was the iust iudgement of God towards those that vsed sorcerie and a great example to admonish other to feare the iustice of God After his clothes being opened there were found about him fiue diuelish bookes of coniuration and most abhominable practises with a picture of tin of a man hauing thrée dice in his hand with this poesie Chance dice fortunatlie diuerse papers of such like matters as he had dealt in for men such line 40 men I meane as are mentioned in Leuiticus the twentith chapter and sixt verse If anie soule turne himselfe after such as woorke with spirits and after soothsaiers to go a whooring after them saith the Lord I will put my face against that soule and will cut him off from among my people The third daie of Februarie Iohn Nelson for denieng the quéenes supremasie and such other traitorous words against hir maiestie was drawne from Newgate to Tiburne and there hanged line 50 bowelled and quartered And on the seuenth of the same moneth of Februarie Thomas Sherewin was likewise drawne from the tower of London to Tiburne and there hanged bowelled and quartered for the like offense The fiue and twentith of Februarie Iohn de Loy a Frenchman and fiue English gentlemen was conueied from the tower of London towards Norwich there to be arreigned and executed for coining of monie counterfeit And on the ninth of March seuen pirats were hanged at Wapping line 60 in the ouze beside London The ladie Margaret countesse of Lennox deceased on the tenth of March year 1578 at hir house in the parish of Hackneie besides London and was buried at Westminster on the third of Aprill The one and thirtith and last of Maie Martine Frobisher with fifteene saile of good ships manned vittelled and otherwise well appointed departed from Harwich in Essex on his third voiage towards Cataia And on the one and thirtith and last daie of Iulie after manie attempts and sundrie times being put backe by Ilands of ice in the streicts he recouered his long wished port and came to anchor in the Ilands newlie by hir maiestie named Meta incognita where as in the yeare before they fraught their ships with the like stone or gold ore out of the mines and then on the last of August returning thense arriued safelie in England about the first of October The two and twentith of Ianuarie being thursdaie about seuen of the clocke at night Iohn Cassimere countie palatine of Rhene duke of Bauare landing at the tower of London was there by diuerse noble men and others honourablie receiued and conueied by cresset light and torch light to sir Thomas Greshams house in Bishops gate street where he was receiued with sounding of trumpets drums fiefs and other instruments of musicke and there both lodged and feasted till sundaie next that he was by the nobilitie fetched and conueied to the court at Westminster where after he had talked with hir maiestie he returned vnto Summersets house at the strand and was there lodged In the wéeke following he hunted at Hampton court On sundaie the first of Februarie he beheld a valiant iusting and running at the tilt at Westminster On the next morrow in the same place he saw them fight at barriers with swords on horsse backe On tuesdaie he dined with the lord maior of London on wednesdaie with the dutchesse of Suffolke at hir house called the Barbican in Red crosse stréet on thursdaie at the Stilliard c. On sundaie the eight of Februarie the quéene made him knight of the garter by deliuering to him the collar putting the garter on his leg at White hall And on the fourteenth of Februarie he departed from London to Rochester homewards with great rewards giuen to him by the quéenes maiestie the nobilitie men of honour the lord maior of London and other citizens of that citie The same moneth of Februarie to wit on the fourth daie and in the night next following year 1579 fell such abundance of snow that on the fift daie in the morning the same snow was found in London to lie two foot
the child representing the common wealth spake to hir highnesse these words following Most gratious prince vndoubted souereigne queene Our onelie ioy next God and chiefe defense In this small shew our whole estate is seene The wealth we haue we find proceed from thense The idle hand hath here no place to feed The painfull wight hath still to serue his need Againe our seat denies our traffike heere The sea too neare decides vs from the rest So weake we were within this doozen yeare line 50 As care did quench the courage of the best But good aduise hath taught these little hands To rend in twaine the force of pining bands From combed wooll we draw this slender threed From thense the loomes haue dealing with the same And thense againe in order doo proceed These seuerall works which skilfull art dooth frame And all to driue dame need into hir caue Our heads and hands togither labourd haue We bought before the things that now we sell These slender impes their works doo passe the waues Gods peace and thine we hold and prosper well Of euerie mouth the hands the charges saues Thus through thy helpe and aid of power diuine Dooth Norwich liue whose hearts and goods are thine line 60 This shew pleased hir maiestie so greatlie as she particularlie viewed the knitting spinning of the children perused the loomes and noted the seuerall works and commodities which were made by these means and then after great thanks by hir giuen to the people marched towards the market place where was the second pageant thwarting the stréet at the enterance of the market betwéene master Skinner master Quash being in bredth two and fiftie foot of assise and was diuided into three gates in the midst a maine gate on either side a posterne the maine gate in breadth fourtéene foot each posterne eight foot their heights equall to their proportion ouer each posterne was as it were a chamber which chambers were replenished with musike Ouer all the gates passed a stage of eight foot brode in manerof a pageant curious rich delitefull The whole worke from the pageant downewards séemed to be iasper marble In the forefront towards hir maiestie was the armes of England on the one side the gate on the other side the falcon with crowne and scepter The other side was beautified with the arms of England on the one side of the gate the crest of England on the other The pageant was furnisht with fiue personages apparelled like women The first was the citie of Norwich the second Debora the third Iudith the fourth Hester the fift Martia sometime quéene of England At the first sight of the prince till hir maiesties comming to the pageant the musicians vsed their lowd musike and then ceassed wherewith hir highnesse staied to whome the personage representing the citie of Norwich did speake in these words Whom fame resounds with thundring trump that rends the And perseth to the hautie heauens and thense descending flies Through flickering aire and so conioines the sea shore togither In admiration of thy grace good queene th art welcome hither More welcome than Terpsicore was to the towne of Troie Sea-faring men by Gemini conceiue not halfe my ioie Strong Hercules to Theseus was neuer such delight Nor Nisus to Eurialus as I haue in this sight Penelope did neuer thirst Ulysses more to see Than I poore Norwich hungred haue to gaine the sight of thee And now that these my happie eies behold thy heauenlie face The Lord of lords I humblie praie to blisse thy noble grace With Nestors life with Sibils helth with Cresus stocke store With all good gifts of Salomon and twise as manie more What shuld I saie Thou art my ioy next God I haue none other My princesse my peerlesse queene my louing nursse and mother My goods lands my hands and hart my lims and life are thine What is mine owne in right or thought to thee I doo resigne Grant then oh gratious souereigne queene this onlie my request That that whâ—ch shall be doone in me be construed to the best And take in part my slender shewes wherein my whole pretense Is for to please your maiestie and end without offense So shall I clap my hands for ioy and hold my selfe as rich As if I had the gold of Iude and double twise as mich Where princes sitting in their thrones set God before their sight And liue according to his law and guide their people right There doth his blessed gifts abound there kingdoms firmlie stand There force of foes cannot preuaile nor furie fâ—et the land My selfe oh peerlesse prince doo speake by proofe of matter past Which proofe by practise I performd and foild his foes at last For Iabin king of Canaan poore Israell did spite And meant by force of furious rage to ouerrun vs quite Nine hundred iron chariots he brought into the field With cruell capteine Sisera by force to make vs yeeld His force was great his fraud was more he fought we did defend And twentie winters long did last this warre without an end But he that neither sleepes nor slackes such furies to correct Appointed me Debora for the iudge of his elect And did deliuer Sisera into a womans hand I slue them all and so in rest his people held the land So mightie prince that puisant Lord hath plast thee here to be The rule of this triumphant realme alone belongs to thee Continue as thou hast begun weed out the wicked rout Uphold the simple meeke and good pull downe the proud stout Thus shalt thou liue and reigne in rest mightie God shalt please Thy state be sure thy subiects safe thy commonwealth at ease Thy God shall grant thee length of life to glorifie his name Thy deeds shall be recorded in the booke of lasting fame Oh floure of grace oh prime of Gods elect Oh mightie queene and finger of the Lord Did God sometime by me poore wight correct The champion stout that him and his abhord Then be thou sure thou art his mightie hand To conquer those which him and thee withstand The rage of foes Bethulia did oppresse The people faint were readie for to yeeld God aided me poore widow nerthelesse To enter into Holofernes field And with this sword by his directing hand To slaie his fo and quiet so the land If this his grace were giuen to me poore wight If widowes hand could vanquish such a fo Then to a prince of thy surpassing might What tyrant liues but thou maist ouerthro Perseuere then his seruant as thou art And hold for aie a noble victors part The fretting heads of furious foes haue skill As well by fraud as force to find their preie In smiling lookes dooth lurke a lot as ill As where both sterne and sturdie streams doo swaie Thy selfe oh queene a proofe hast seene of this So well
As heauen and earth haue vowed to be thine So Neptunes seas haue sworne to drench thy foes As I am god and all the waters mine Still shalt thou get but neuer shalt thou lose And sith on earth my wealth is nought at all Accept good will the gift is verie small Who euer found on earth a constant friend That may compare with this my virgin queene Who euer found a bodie and a mind So free from staine so perfect to be seene Oh heauenlie hew that aptest is to soile And yet doost liue from blot of anie foile Rare is thy gift and giuen to few or none Malist therefore of some that dare not say More shines thy light for that I know but one That anie such shew to follow on their waie Thou thou art shee take thou the onelie praise For chastest dame in these our happie daies Accept my bowe sith best thou doâ—st deserue Though well I kâ—ow â—hy mind can thee preserue Ah ha I see my mother out of sight Then let the boy now plaie the wag a while I seeme but weake yet weake is not my might My boiesh wit can oldest folke beguile Who so dooth thinke I speake this but in iest Let me but shoot and I shall quench his rest Marke here my shafts this all is made of wood Which is but soft and breeds but soft good will Now this is gilt yet seemes it gold full good And dooth deceiue blind louing people still But here is one is seldome felt or seene This is of gold meet for the noblest queene line 10 Wherefore dame faire take thou this gift of me Though some deserue yet none deserue like you Shoot but this shaft at king or Cesar he And he is thine and if thou wilt allow It is a gift that manie here doo craue Yet none but thou this golden shaft maie haue There was written vpon the shaft My colour ioy my substance pure My vertue such as shall indure Hir maiestie receiued these gifts verie thankefullie the gods and goddesses with the rest of the maske marched about the chamber againe and then departed in like maner as they came in Then the queene line 20 called vnto hir master Robert Wood the maior of Norwich whom first she heartilie thanked and tooke by the hand and vsed secret conference but what I know not And thus this delightfull night passed to the ioy of all that saw hir grace in so pleasant plight On thursdaie in the morning my lord chamberlaine gaue the deuisor warning the quéene would ride abrode in the after noone and he commanded him to be readie dutifullie to present hir with some shew Then knowing which waie the queene would line 30 ride by coniecture and instructions giuen the deuisor caused a place to be made and digged for the nymphes of the water the maner and proportion whereof was in this forme and fashion First there was measure taken for threescore foot of ground euerie waie the hole to be made déepe and foure square which ground was all couered with canuas painted greene like the grasse and at euerie side on the canuas ran a string through curteine rings which string might easilie be drawne anie kind of waie by reason line 40 of two great poales that laie along in the ground and answered the curteine or canuas on each side so that drawing a small cord in the middle of the canuas the earth would séeme to open so shut againe as the other end of the cord was drawne backward And in the same caue was a noble noise of musike of all kind of instruments seuerallie to be sounded and plaied vpon and at one time they should be sounded all togither that might serue for a consort of broken musike And in the same caue also was placed line 50 twelue water nymphes disguised or dressed most strangelie ech of them had either vpon white silke or fine linnen gréene sedges stitched cunninglie on a long garment so well wrought and also set on as scarse anie whit might be perceiued And euerie nymph had in hir hand a great bundle of bulrushes and had on hir head a garland of iuie vnder the which iuie was a coife of mosse and vnder the mosse was there long goodlie heare like golden tresses that couered line 60 hir shoulders and in a maner raught downe vnto hir middle Now touching the beautie of the nymphes they séemed to be the chosen children of the world and became their attire so well that their beautie might haue abused a right good iudgement For diuerse of those that knew them before albeit they were bare faced could scarse know them in their garments and sundrie tooke them to be yoong girles and wenches prepared for the nonce to procure a laughter These nymphs thus apparelled and all things in good plight and readinesse there was deuised that at the quéenes comming néere the water side as this caue stood at the brim of the riuer one nymph should pop vp out of the caue first and salute the queene with a speach and then another and so till foure of them had finished their speaches there they should remaine and when they retired into their caue the musike should begin which sure had beene a noble hearing and the more melodious for the varietie thereof and bicause it should come secretlie and strangelie out of the earth And when the musike was doone then should all the twelue nymphs haue issued togither dansed a danse with timbrels that were trimmed with belles and other iangling things which timbrels were as brode as a siue hauing bottoms of fine parchment and being sounded made such a confused noise and pastime that it was to be woondered at besides the strangenesse of the timbrels yet knowne to our forefathers was a matter of admiration vnto such as were ignorant of that new found toy gathered and borrowed from our elders So in order and readinesse stood that shew for the time And to kéepe that shew companie but yet farre off stood the shew of Manhood and Desert as first to be presented and that shew was as well furnished as the other men all saue one boy called Beautie for the which Manhood Fauour and Desert did striue or should haue contended but good Fortune as victor of all conquests was to come in and ouerthrow Manhood Fauour Desert all their powers and onelie by fine force vpon a watchword spoken should laie hand on Beautie and carrie or lead hir away The other sutors troubled with this kind of dealing should talke togither and sweare to be in one mind for an open reuenge and vpon that Fortune should crie Arme arme The other side called for their friends at the which stirre should appeare both their strengthes but good Fortune should farre in power exceed his enimies And yet to shew that Destinie and who best can conquer shall gouerne all Fortune should make an offer that six to six with sword and target
that it was said alowd among them that séeing it was the mantell of the duchie it should cost the liues of fiftie thousand Frenchmen before it should be plucked from him againe As soone as the ceremonies were ended his highnesse came downe from the theater and mounted vpon a white courser of Naples couered with a coperison of veluet richlie imbrodered with gold And so he began to take his waie towards the right renowmed line 60 and rich citie of Antwerpe and was conueied along by the counterscarfe vnto the sumptuous and statelie gate called Keisers gate or S. Georges gate whereat he entered into the good citie of Antwerpe in this sort First marched the two sergeants maiors or marshals of the citie accompanied of two purseuants with the armes of the citie after whome followed the trumpets with the armes of Brabant The first companie was of Almane merchants commonlie called Easterlings well mounted and well apparelled after the maner of Almane Next them followed the English merchants in excellent good order all apparelled in cassockes of blacke veluet all of one fashion Then came the coronels and capteins of the citie after whome followed a great number of gentlemen as well of the same countrie as of other nations Behind them went the bodie of the citie that is to wit the wickemasters the wardens the ancient magistrate the masters of the wardes the boroughmasters deputies and wardens of the halles the vshers the secretaries the registers the receiuers and treasurers the schepons the amptman the two boroughmasters all apparelled in clokes of blacke veluet and all of one fashion After them came the trumpets of the states of Brabant Lembourgh and Lothier after them the states themselues in this order First went the deputies of the vnder cities The deputies of the citie of Antwerpe The deputies of Brussels Then succéeded the noblemen of Brabant as the chancellor of Brabant and aboue him Lamorall Egmond brother to the countie of Egmond baron of Gasebecke A great number of lords of the same countrie of France and of England well horssed and richlie apparelled The Swissers with their drums and fiffes The monsieurs owne houshold among whome were intermingled certeine lords of England Next this came the countie de Lauall hauing on either hand an English lord The prince of Espinoie hauing on his right hand the lord of Hunsdon on his left the lord Howard the prince Dolphin hauing on his right hand the earle of Leicester on his left the prince of Orange the markegraue of Antwerpe bareheaded bearing the mace of iustice the lord Peterson baron of Merode taking vpon him that daie as marshall of Brabant and bearing the naked sword before the dukes highnesse then came the duke himselfe mounted and apparelled as you haue heard afore Next behind the duke followed countie Morice of Nassau sonne to the prince of Orange hauing on his right hand countie Philip of Nassau nephue to the said prince and sonne to countie Iohn of Nassau and on his left hand the lord Shefield His highnes was garded by the companies of the guilds that is to saie by the ancient brotherhoods of the archers crossebowes and harquebussers in so goodlie armour as fairer could not be found these went afore him and about him on a cluster without order like flowre deluces vpon a roiall robe After them followed the gard of Frenchmen on a like heape and after them the prince of Oranges gard on foot Then lastlie in verie good order came the twentie ensignes of citizens which had stood in order of battell without the towne Ouer the gate where his highnes entered there was a compartement of Doricke worke wherein was written this title To Francis the sonne of Henrie the second and onelie brother of Henrie the third king of France called by Gods singular prouidence to the souereigne principalitie of the low countries and to the dukedome of Brabant and the marqueship of the sacred empire which God grant to be most happie and luckie vnto him as to their inuested prince whom they haue most earnestlie wished for and who as now is happilie come into this his most seruiceable citie his most hartie fauourers The senate people of Antwerpe The chariot of the maiden of Antwerpe could not go out of the citie for want of roome to turne in and therefore it tarried for his highnes at the gate within the citie This chariot was called the chariot of aliance wherein sat a damosell apparelled in satin red and white which are the colours of Antwerpe who had in hir left hand a branch of baietrée on hir head a garland of laurell in token of victorie against the tyrannies of the king of Spaine and in token of the deliuerance which the people hoped for by means of their new prince through his gratious goodnesse faithfulnesse victoriousnesse and defense to whom with hir other hand the pâ—rsented the kâ—ies of the towne according to the verses written ouer hâ—r â—ead which shall be let downe hereafter Before hâ—r were the armes of the marqueship of the holie empire On hir right hand was Religion apparelled like one of the Sybils hâ—lding in hir one hand an open booke named the Law and the Gospell and in hir other hand a sword named Gods word and on hir left hand was Iustice holding a balance and a line 10 sword in hir hand and ouer the balance was written Yea and Naie Before the damosell saâ—e Concord clothed in white yellow and orange tawâ—ie bearing a target vpon hir arme wherein was painted a crowned scepter with two little snakes and vnder them two dooâ—es all closed in with a garland of â—life betokening commendable gouernement with prouidence Upon hir head shée had a helmet be tokening Wisedome In hir hand shée caried a lance with a penon line 20 vpon it on the one side whereof were the armes of Aniou crowned with olife and on the other side a lambe with a woolfe and a lion with an or to betoken the great peacefulnesse that is looked for vnder this prince as well in religion as in matters of state At Concordes right hand sat Wisedome and at hir left hand Force In the middest of the chariot was a piller richlie made of Corinthian worke vpon the top whereof was a Hart held betwéene two armed hands which hart had two wings betokening line 30 Union Faith and Force and a sword with two serpents writhing about it and holding their tailes to their â—ares signifieng Discréet gouernement and â—ares stopped against flatterers At the foot of the piller was a compartement with the armes of Aniou and Brabant On the brest of the lion of Brabant were the armes of the marqueship of the sacred empire and of the citie of Antwerpe Upon the armes was written Attonement Upon the corners of the chariot were two armed images with morians on line 40 their heads attired in orange white
ascendeth to receiue the dew of heauen we find therein no smell no sauour or drop that tasteth of hir sea but being pure cleare and white it seemeth to be formed euen in heauen We must not therfore take commendations of this people at the transitorie things of the sea of this world and although he be therein extract of a most noble birth yet will I not saie anie more thereof as of that which is none of his line 40 But discoursing and speaking of that which properlie apperteineth to himselfe I would aske whether his mind commanded not his bodie Also whether it were possible to find a bodie more withered afflicted macerated dried vp or pale through the effect of austere and hard penance Other mens bodies O christian hearers are for the most part wished to be of this or that forme bicause they yéeld such or such inclination to the mind But in this I will shew you a matter woorth the noting that is that line 50 here the case was altered for it was the mind that ministred inclination to the bodie so that being waxen altogither spirituall had not extreame néed forced him he neuer desired meat drinke or bodilie rest and he liued in such sort as it was a miracle whereof alas we haue but too soone séene the issue how he could liue so manie yéeres but rather liuing was dead And for my part I assure you I neuer euen in the hart of summer kissing his holie hands good God shall I neuer doo so more found them other line 60 than cold wherein there was no heat except the same procéeded of some excesse or immoderate labor or of some motion of a sudden feuer O most déere bodie O most holie members But looke yet once againe vpon them O ye Romane people and saie Are not these the verie hands which so often haue bin ioined togither and lifted vp to praie and offer sacrifice for vs Be not these the feet that haue trauelled so far for our sakes Is not this the head that neuer imagined anie thing but for our benefit Is not this the heart that burned in loue of vs O déere members O members so déere What Shall you then go vnder the earth And what Must you be buried Alas my God! who is that thou hast taken awaie from vs And wherefore doo ye hide your selues For my part none but onlie death shall euer plucke out of my heart the liuelie image of that so well beloued countenance especiallie in this act wherein with your eies toward heauen as it were smiling and with an angelicall countenance I sée you depart and remaine dead But it is time for vs O christian hearers to procéed to matters of greater importance which are so manie withall so intangled one within an other that I could not find anie more fit meane to part and diuide them neither doo I thinke that we can take anie better course than the verie course of his holie life and there to begin When he was a little child he was verie deuout and it is well knowne that God euen in his first youth wrought in him maruellous signes of singular goodnesse The like is read of saint Basill saint Gregorie saint Dominike saint Francis and manie others as was to be seene in this yoong child saie they that doo remember it namelie that at his returne from the college all the delite that that age vsed to take in anie other thing he tooke onelie in framing of little altars adorning of small chapels and counterfeiting of holie things Matters which although the wisest maie thinke too base for this place and for the occasion now ministred yet would I not onelie not disdaine but also take great and singular pleasure in the same And although some doo saie that among such serious affaires such small trifles should haue no place yet doo I delite to shew how commendable not onelie graue matters but euen such small things were in him Concerning the rest according to the proportion of his age or rather beyond the reach of that age as occasions doo increase so must my stile arise his holinesse being past the inferiour schooles and comming to studie the law it is not possible to make an end of writing with what modestie and grauitie he there passed the yeares of his studie he was apparelled in clerks attire but which was of greater importance he obserued clergie maners much continencie as is supposed perpetuall virginitie with modest behauiour no vanitie continuall studie these were his exercises And to be briefe although thorough our mishaps the vniuersitie wherin he studied were not vsuallie either the quietest or the holiest in the world yet might the writing of Nazianzen concerning the great Basill and the towne of Athens be applied to him Like as there is one riuer which flowing thorough the sea taketh no bitternesse thereof also a certeine beast that liueth in the fire and consumeth not euen so he with great quietnesse passing these troubles and with souereigne vertues such vices did first and most worthilie atteine to the doctorall degree afterward was called to Rome and made cardinall onelie thorough desert for his learned studies and not by fauour as the most part doo now vsuallie practise A happie departure a blessed iournie for all the holie church but especiallie for this great citie of Rome which haue receiued so great benefits and so much comfort at his hands Notwithstanding whatsoeuer affaires he had in hand yet did he dailie applie his studie at a certeine houre so continued his studie euen to his death with so déepe iudgement and good successe that although his intellectuall habitudes had not béene verie farre surmounted darkened thorough the maruellous brightnesse of his morall and theologicall vertues yet in respect of his learning and studie onelie he deserued great praise and in truth he was neuer other than most learned and a great fauourer of learned men Who did euer shew them more pleasure or receiue them more courteouslie Besides the seminaries and colleges as well at Pauie as here the lectures the stipends with such so manie things doone to the behoofe of learning and besides the books which he hath of himselfe written and now that the bridle of his modestie dooth no longer deteine I hope as my selfe haue séene them so comming to light all the world shall behold them and in them perceiue as in himselfe whether were more his holie writings or good maners This loue of learning and holinesse of life line 10 he practised so diligentlie in himselfe that thorough Gods grace and the inspiration of the holie ghost he was in respect of his vertues knowledge and holie life elected pope and his name from Hugh good Companion was changed and called Gregorie the thirteenth During his papasie he liued so religiouslie and deuoutlie that the whole life of a man were little enough to rehearse the same But
Barton the Scotish pirat 426 b 20. Incountreth the lord Howard he is slaine 811 a 20 c. Bastard of Burgogne ambassadour into England iusts betwixt him and the lord Sâ—ales 669 a 10 20 Bastard to a king made a bishop 99 b 60 Bastards made legitimat 487 b 10 Bath taken by the bishop of Constance 17 a 40. It and Welles when and by whome vnited 27 b 50 Battell of Agincourt 552 b 60 553 a 10 c. At Barnet 684 a 10 c. 685 a 10 c. Of Bloreheath 649 a 50 60 b 10. Of S. Edmundsbuâ—ie 90 b 20. Of Northhampton 654 b 20. Of Palmesundaie 664 a 40. Of Saxton ¶ Sée Palmesundaie At Hedgcote or Banberie 672 b 30. At Exham 666 b 10. At Teukesburie 687 b 60. The first at saint Albons 643 a 60 644 a 20. At Wakefield 659 b 10. Of thrée long houres betwéene the English French great losse on the English side 601 b 30. Second at saint Albons 660 a 60. Of Mortimers crosse 660 a 20. Of Uerneull 588 a 50 b 40. Of Ferribrig the thirtéenth of March one thousand foure hundred thrée score and one wherein twentie thousand were slaine most knights and gentlemen 1234 a 50. Betwéene duke William and his sonne Robert note 12 a 40. Betwéene the Danes and Normans verie fierce 7 a 40. Begun with praier note 371 a 60. At Kenils crosse 376 a 20. Of Aulrâ—ie 396 b 10 c. Of Sluise where the English were victors 358 b 10. Of Baâ—okesburie 322 a 40. Called the White battell and why 325 a 10. Of Borroughbridge 341 a 10. Of Câ—meran in Uister 322 b 60. At Dunbar betwéene the English and Scots in Edward the first time 299 b 30. Betwéene the earle of Lincolne and the earle of Arthois 302 b 30 40 c. Of Fowkirke 307 b 30. Betwéene Henrie the third and his barons note 267 b all Of Euesham 270 a 50. Of Chesterfield 272 a 40. Betwéene king Richard the third and the earle of Richmond called Bosworth field 758 b 60. At Stoke néere to Newarke betwéene the earle of Lincolne c and Henrie the seuenth 766 b 40 50 767 a 10 20. Of saint Aulbin in Britaine betwéene the duke of Britaine and the French king 769 a 30. At Black-heath 782 b 10. Of Spurs 822 a 50. At Floddon betwéen the English and the Scotish 426 427 428. Of Pauia 884 a 60 b 10 c. At Muskleborrow ¶ Sée Leith and Scotland Staied by Gods prouidence note 943 a 30. Of the bridge of Bouins 183 a 60. Sharpe and bloudie betwéene duke Robert and Henrie the first brethren 33 a 10 20 c. Thrée things to be forséene by them that shall giue it 52 b 50 60. Of Monadmore in Ireland 59 b 10 Battell betwixt fishes 225 b 60. Of herrings 600 a 40. Betwixt flies and gnats 465 b 60. Their slaughter 466 a 10. ¶ Sée warres Battell abbeie why so called and by whome built 15 a 40. The church to what saint dedicated 21 a 40. Their abbie roll 3 4 5 Baulbason a French knight valiant fightâ—th with Henrie the fift hand to hand 577 a 10 60 Becket Thomas archdecon of Canturburie 64 b 20. Lord chancellour 65 a 40. Sent into France 67 a 50. His Henrie the seconds first falling out 68 b 20. His authoritâ—e 69 a 10. A better courtier than a preacher 69 a 30. Practiseth secret treason 69 b 10. Receiueth an oth 70 b 10. Repenteth him thereof and would haue fled the realme 70 b 20 c. Cited to appéere before the king and sentence against him 70. b 60. Condemned in fiue hundred markes 71 a 10. Called to an account 71 a 20. Will not be persuaded to submit himselfe to the king appealeth to Rome goeth to the court is reputed a traitor and disallowed to be archbishop 71 all His stout courage 72 a 10. His flight by night 72 a 40. His complaint to the pope 72 b 50. Resigneth his pall 73 a 50. His cursse 74 b 20. An edict against him 74 a 20. Six years in exile 77 a 30. His arrogancie and wilfulnesse in opinion in fauour with the French king reconcâ—led to Henrie the second the king of England 77 b all Is aduised by the French king returneth into England is complained of to Henrie the second by the archbishop of Yorke he is killed 78 all 79 all His death discussed 82 b 50. The king purgeth himselfe of his death 83 b 30. Canonized a saint his holie daie and collect for the same 85 b 10 20. His toome visited by the French king 103 a 60. His toome visited by the archbishop of Cullen 107 b 60. His shrine visited by the earle of Flanders 152 a 60. His sword in the ministration of an oth 303 b 40. His shrine taken awaie and his dead bones burnt 945 b 50 Becons and the vse of them in countries néere the sea 752 a 30 Bedford castell besieged 206 b 20. Deliuered to the barons 185 a 60 Bele doctor an vndiscréet and seditious preacher 841 a 10 20 Belesme ¶ Sée Erle Bell a seditious préest arreigned condemned his prophesie his sermon to the rebels his seditious letter his execution at saint Albons 437 a 40 c. Bell roong at eight of the clocke at night by whom appointed and whie 6 a 50. ¶ Sée Chime Bell castell assaulted and yeélded vp to the English 879 b 30 Belman ¶ Sée Common crier Benbrike doctor poisoned at Rome 835 b 50 Benefices belonging to strangers their valuation taken 236 b 40. The value of them in strangers hands 247 b 20. Bestowed without consent of patrones 224 a 10. Impropriat 214 b 60. With request to the pope that he would not meddle with their reseruations 408 b 60 409 c. Inhibited by the king how note 363 b 60. The best in strangers hands 365 a 60. A proclamâ—tion that all English beneficed men in Rome should returne into England 474 b 50 60. ¶ Sée Adbeies Bishops Churches Clergie Pope Sequestrâ—tion Beneuolence granted to Edward the fourth 694 a 50. Put into Henrie the seuenths head to be leuied ouer the whole land 792 a 20. An exaction of monie of whose deuise 771 b 60. ¶ Sée Subsidie Beneuolence of the French king to the earle of Richmond note 745 a 40 Beningfield knight his churlish vsing of the ladie Elisabeth his prisoner and in his kéeping 1117 b 40. He is too streict and seuere in his office against the ladie Elisabeth 1155 b 10 c. He grudgeth at the gentle interteinement of hir his rude and vngentle behauiour 1156 a 60 b 10 20 c. 60. His cruell dealing towards hir 1157 a 30 Berebeating on sundaie reuenged by Gods iust iudgment note 1353 a 30 Berds shauen and rounded haire in vse with the Normans 5 b 10 Berengaria daugther to the king of Nauarre king Richard the firsts wife 126 b 40 127 a 40 Berkhamstéed castell surrendred 198 a 60 Bertie husband to
Betwéene Henrie the second and Thomas Becket 68 b 20. Betwéene bishops 36 b 60 37 a 10. About the election of the maior of London 445 a 60. Hot betwéene William Rufus Anselme 24 25. ¶ Sée Discord Dissention Uariance Contracts of marriage to be void without witnesses 30 b 60. ¶ Sée Mariage Contribution appointed by Henrie the second 74 a 60 Controuersie betwixt king Henrie the third and the bishop of Winchester 231 b 60 232 a 10. About the crowne of Scotland 285 b 60 286 a all Betwéene the archbishop of Canturburie the moonks 120 b 10 Betwixt the nobles and péeres appeased by Henrie the first 38 a 60. ¶ Sée Combat and Contention Conuocation at Westminster called by bishop Longchamp 129 a 20. ¶ Sée Councell and Synod Cooke Anthonie ¶ Sée Iusts triumphant Coplanâ— refuseth to deliuer his prisoner the king of Scots to anie except to the king of England 376 a 60 Copsti slaine by Osulfe 13 a 30 Cordes lord a Frenchman maketh aduantage of occasion 770 a 60. His malicious and foolish words 771 a 20 Cornishmen strong archers 782 b 10. Rebell against Henrie the seauenth their shamefull end 781 b 20 30 c 782 a 10 c. Coronation solemne and statelie of Richard the second 416 a 60 b 10 c 417 a 10 c. Of Richard the first roiall 118 a 30 Corpus Christi college in Oxford by whome and when founded 839 b 50 60 Cosneie besieged by the Dolphin rescued by the duke of Bedford 582 b 40 60 Cotteshold shéepe transported into Spaine 668 b 50 Couentrie the quéenes Henrie the sixts wife secret harbour 654 a 30. She is a better capteine than the king hir husband 654 a 50. The church when and by whom ioined to the sée of Chester 27 b 60 Couetousnesse of Henrie the first note 37 a 60. Of Cardinall Uiuiano noted 100 a 10 b 10 Of the emperor hauing Richard the first his prisoner 137 a 30 Of the emperor notable against honestie and honour 141 a 20 30 40 50. To be noted in Richard the firsts demands 124 b 40. Of king Iohn 184 b 20. Of cardinall Gualo 187 b 20. Of Gualo notable 193 a 20. Of duke William 8 a 40 b 50. Of William Rufus 18 b 10 20 b 10. Purchased Henrie the seuenth hatred among his people 791 b 20 30 40. Of two moonks 18 b 50. Of officers in a collection 139 a 60. Inueighed against 213 a 60 b 10. Of monie the cause of murther note 1228 b 20 c. Cloaked with an excuse 37 b 10. ¶ Sée Flemings and Rome Councell held at Rockingham castell and whie 25 a 10. Held at London 204 b 60. Generall summoned by the pope 236 b 20 237 a 10 c. In Edward the thirds ship 368 a 10. Of the cleargie called by the cardinall 181 b 40. At Yorke 322 a 60. At Westminster by the archbishop of Canturburie 162 a 10. At Winchester and traitors proclamed 143 b 10. At Canturburie 120 b 20. At Pipewell 119 a 60. At London by king Henrie the first and whie 34 a 30. At Oxford 68 a 60. At Clarendon 70 a 30. At Tours 69 a 60. Generall at Rome 102 b 20. At Westminster 85 a 60. At Gattington 111 b 60. Of bishops 71 a 20. At Castill called by K. Henrie the second 82 a 40. Of lords at Clarkenwell 108 b 30. Generall at Pisa 535 a 20. Prouinciall 535 a 20. At Stamford 477 b 30. At Notingham and who present 456 a 60. Generall at Constance 547 a 40. Generall the prerogatiue of the English nation 558 a 60. Of Henrie the sixt most spirituall persons note 622 b 60. ¶ Sée Assemblie Folkmote Parlement Synod Counsell good the want whereof a cause of committing foule sinnes note 18 b 10. Euill of nobles to duke Robert to put king William his brother from the crowne 17 a 10 20. Good of Lanfranke to William Rufus to win and kéepe fauour of people c 16 b 10. Of strangers folowed home-bred refused 231 a 30 Good giuen and safelie followed note 215 a 10 20 30. That bred grudge and mislike betwéene Henrie the third and his nobles 205 b 40. Euill turneth to the hurt of the counsellor 205 a 40. Euill of a bishop to his souereigne against the commonwealth 204 b 60. Euill falleth out ill to the counsell giuer note 204 a 40 50. Euill and lewd companie how mischéeuous 321 b 10. Good giuen ill rewarded 332 a 40. Good not to vse crueltie 188 a 30. Good ill requited 184 b 20. Giuen for the which the counsellors were curssed 168 b 50 60 169 a 10. Of euill persons to the sonne against the father dangerous to a state 86 a 50 b 10 Euill sorteth ill to the counsellor 112 a 50. Lewd faâ—leth ouâ— ill â—0 the counsellor 28 b 30. Euill and dangerous 430 b 20. Good neglected 447 b 50. Euill and what inconuenience followeth it note 507 b 50. Taken how to deale with the lords that conspired against Richard the second 458 b 20. Euill how preualent and mischéeuous 670 b 30 50 c. Of the lord Hastings to his acquaintance note 675 b 10. Of a damsell to the duke of Clarence 675 a 10 20. Good regarded of a king note 8 2. Ill giuen to a king 248 a 60. Euill giuen followed note 12 a 40. couetous mischéefous of the earle of Hereford practised 8 b 60. ¶ Sée warnings Counter in Woodstréet not ancient 1129 b 40 Counterfet of Richard Plantaganet 775 a 60 Counterfet earle of Warwike 785 a 30 Counterfet king Edward the sixt whipped and executed as a traitor 1127 a 40 and b 10 Counterfet king Richard the second 515 a 50 525 b 10 Counterfet duke of Yorke ¶ Sée Perkin Warbecke Counterfet Christ whipped 1194 a 10 Counterfet to be possessed with the diuell punished by dooing open penance 1259 b 60 Counterfet spirit in a wall without Aldersgate 1117 b 60. ¶ Sée Dissimulation and Dissemblers Counterfetting of licences and antedating them 953 a 20 ¶ Sée Antedating Counterfetting of quéene Elisabeths hand punished as an offense tresonable 1227 b 60 1315 a 40 Countesse of Bierne a woman receiueth soldiors paie 230 30. Of Boughanhir punishment for setting the crâ—wne on Robert Bruse his head note 314 a 10. Of Oxford practise to brute that Richard the second was aliue 525 a 60. Committed to prison 525 b 20. Deceaseth 702 b 40 237 b 20 Countesse of Prouance commeth ouer into England 231 b 50.240 b 20. Dealeth vniustlie wiâ—h Henrie the third hir sonne in law 238 a 40 Countesse of Richmond and Derbie c mother to Henrie the seauenth 678 a 60 Countesse of Salisburie beheaded being the last of the right line and nauie of Plantagenet 953 a 60 Countesse of Warwike taketh sanctuarie 685 b 50 Court certeine lords ladies and others put out of Richard the seconds court 463 a 50 60 Court misliked 496 a 60 Courtneie lord prisoner in the Towre
bright sunne Owen Teuther and other taken and beheaded Whethamsted The northern men enter into S. Albons They passe through it The second battell at S. Albons The 〈◊〉 part 〈◊〉 1916 as Iohn Stow noteth Sir Iohn Graie slainâ— Thomas 〈◊〉 esquier sent to the northerne lordâ— Edw. Hall Prince Edward 〈◊〉 knight The northern â—en spoile the towne of saint 〈◊〉 The queéne sâ—ndeth to the mâ—ior of Londoâ— for vittels Uittels sent by the maior and staid by the commons The quéene returneth northward The great hopâ— of the people conceiued of the erle oâ— March The earle of March elected king The lord Fauconbridge The earle of March taketh vpon him as king Abr. Flem. * Wakefield Peter Basset wrote king Henrie the fift his life Fabian and Caxton Anno Reg. 1. The earle of March taketh vpon him as king His title declared He is proclamed king The lord Fitz Water slaine The earle of Warwike A proclamaâ—tion The lord Clifford 〈◊〉 Dintingdale Crueltie paid with sudden mischiefe The lord Fauconbridge Saxton Whethamsted saith that K. HeÌ„ries poweâ— excéeded in number king Edwards 〈◊〉 twentie thousand men An heauie proclamatioÌ„ Palmesundaie field The earle 〈◊〉 Northuâ—berland The obstinate minds of bâ—th parts King Henries part discomfited Cocke or riuer The number slaine in battel of SaxtoÌ„ otherwise called Palmesunâ—aie field King Henrie withdraweth to Berwike from thence into Scotland Queene Margaret with hir sonne goeth into France Iohn Stow. Anno Reg. 2. The duke of Summerset other submit them to king Edward Plant. in Mostel 1463 Anno Reg. 3. The quéene returneth foorth of France Banburgh castell The duke of Summerset reuolteth The lord Montacute Hegelie moore Sir Rafe Persie Exham field The duke of Summerset taken King Henrie fled The duke of Summerset beheaded The earle of Kime otherwise Angus beheaded Alnewike castell besieged 1464 Anno Reg. 4. King Henrie taken Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 717. The earle of Penbroke Ab. Flem. Vir. Acâ— 6. New coinâ— stamped Abr. Fl. ex I. S. pag. 716. Sergeants feast Register of maiors The maior of London departeth from the sergeantâ— feast The earle of Warwike sent into France about a marriage The ladie Elizabeth Graie Ouid. de rem am lib. 1. 1465 Anno Reg. 5. The earle of Warwike offended with the kings mariage The earle of Warwike kéepeth hâ—s gréefe secret Abr. Fl. ex I. S. pag. 717. Long piked shooes forbidden 1466. Anno Reg 6. Cotteshold shéepe transported into Spaine Truce with Scots 1467 Anno Reg. â— The bastard of Burgognie ambassadour into England Iusts betwixt the bastard of Burgognie the lord Scales The law of armes The death of the duke of Burgognie George Neuill archbishop of Yorke 1468. Anno Reg. 8. The ladie Margaret sister to king Edward sent ouer to the duke of Burgognie Abr. Fl. ex I. S. pag. 719 720. in Quart Abr. Fl. * Giuen at Richmont on the first of October An. Dom. 1585. Anno Reg. 27. Fabian 497. Sir Thomas Cooke Abr. Fl. ex Edw. Hall it Edw. 4. fol. cxcviij c. 1469 Anno Reg. 9. A commotion in Yorkeshire Saint Leonards hospitall in Yorke A rebellion Robert Huldorne capteine of the rebâ—ls taken and beheaded Sir Iohn Coniers The earle of Penbroke The lord Stafford The Welshmen discomfited Hedgecote BaÌ„berie field Discord what it bréedeth The valiant manhood of sir Richard Herbert Iohn Clappam The Welshmen slaine Abr. Flem. Robin of Reddesdale The erle Riuers and his sonne beheaded The lord Stafford of Southwike beheaded King Edward taken prisoner Middleham caâ—tell Abr. Flem. Sir William Stanleie K. Edward is deliuered out of captiuitie He commeth to London Sir Thomas Dimmocke Anno Reg. 10. The lord Welles and Thomas Dimmocke beheaded Losecote field The faithfulnesse of the lord Stanlie The duke of Clarence and the earle of Warwike take the sea The earle of Warwike kept out of Calis Monsieur de Uauclere made deputie of Calis The double dealing of monsieur de Uauclere The lord Duras was â— Gascoigne also The earle of Warwike laâ—ded at Diepe Ambois Iohn marques Montacute The earles 〈◊〉 Penbroke â— Oxford A league Edward prince of Wales mâ—ried The promise of the duke of Clarence The loue which the people bare to the earle of Warwike A pâ—oclamaâ—ion King Edward coÌ„meth to Lin and taketh ship to passe ouer seas The lord Hastings The number that passed ouer with king Edward Abr. Fl. King Edward arriued at Alquemarâ— The lord Gronture Edw. Hall fol. ccix Abr. Flem. Iohn Hooker alià s Vowell Lord DinhaÌ„ and baron Carew with their power come to Excester The duke of Clarence 〈◊〉 the earle of Warwike â—â—iorne at Eâ—cester and in pursue of the king The king is receiued 〈◊〉 honorablie 〈◊〉 to the citie of Excester The citizenâ— be neuoleâ—â—â— to the king How long the king continued in the citie The duke of Clarence 〈◊〉 the earle of Warwike 〈◊〉 on the English coasts The practise 〈◊〉 knight 〈◊〉 chiefe 〈◊〉 at the 〈◊〉 to rid 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 In vniust or â—urmised charge of the â—night against the keeper of his parkâ— The kéeper killeth his maister the knight with an arrow Abr. Flem. 〈◊〉 5. K. Edwards fréends take sanctuarie Queéne Elizabeth deliuered of a prince Ab. Flem. The Kentishmen make an hurlie burlie King Henrie fetched out of the Tower restored to his kinglie gouernement A parlement K. Edward adiudged an vsurper Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 725. The earle Tiptoâ—t beheaded The crowne intailed Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 722 723. The earle of Warwike his housekéeping Fabian The earle of Warwike instituted gouernour of the realme Iasper earle of Penbroke Margaret countesse of Richmond and Derbiâ— The saieng of king Henrie the sixt of Henrie of Richmond after king Henrie the seuenth Ab. Flem The ragged staffe The duke of Burgognie sendeth ambassadors to Calis 14â—1 He asketh K Edward vnder hand W. Fleetwood He arriueth on the coast of Norffolke Anno Reg. 11. The earle of Oxford He arriueth at the head of Humber He landeth at Rauenspurgh Martine de la Mare or Martine of the sea He passeth toward Yorke Sée before page 664. K. Edward without interruption passeth forward to Yorke Thomas Coniers recorder of Yorke K. Edward commeth to Yorke He receiueth an oth The marques Montacute suffereth king Edward to passe by him K. Edward commeth to NorthamptoÌ„ Edw. Hall The duke of Excester and a power aâ— Newarke K. Edward commeth to Leicester The earle of Warwike in Couentrie K. Edward prouoketh the earle of Warwike to fight He coÌ„meth to Warwike A treatie for peace The duke of Clarence Préests vsed for priuie messengers K. Edward and his brother of Clarence reconciled vnwitting to the earle of Warwike The dissimulation of the duke of Clarence The brethren méet louinglie togither Buchan in psal 133. The duke of Clarence seéketh to make peace betwixt the king and the earle of Warwike The earle 〈◊〉 Warwike â—â—â—swer to the duke of Câ—â—rence 〈◊〉 K. Edward passeth London The archbishop of Yorke
of their beds and run to the churches where they called vpon God by earnest praiers to be mercifull vnto them Of this earthquake one writeth thus Manie thousands haue heard and commonlie it is reported that latelie in Kent an other earthquake was séene and felt and so terriblie and sore the line 60 earth did tremble and quake that it wakened people that soundlie slept and had like to haue rocked them all asléepe that were awake So fearefull was the matter and so dreadfull is the wrath of God in time of visitation and wicked season of iniquitie This was a pretie naturall cause in deed so I thinke For the naturall diseases of man and the naughtie filthinesse of the flesh full of lust and infirmities caused God for the correction of natures inclination to make Douer Sandwich Canturburie Grauesend and sundrie other places tremble and shake The eightéenth daie of Maie about one houre before sun setting diuerse gentlemen of worship and good credit riding from Bodnian in Cornewall towards Foie there appeared to their séeming in the northeast a verie great mist or fog much like vnto the sea and the forme of a cloud in the fashion of some great castell with flags streamers thereon as it were standing in the sea which presentlie vanished awaie In whose stéed and néere to the same place appeared an other cloud which altered into the likenesse of a great argosie furnished with masts and other necessaries and hir sailes séeming full of wind made hir waie on the southwest of the castell hauing streamers and flags verie warlike with two boats at either sterne There incontinent appeared againe the forme of a castell and behind the same came following on the southwest side an other great argosie furnished as the first This being past there appéered three or foure gallies with their masts and flags in warlike sort hauing boats at their sternes and thereby appeared other small clouds to the number of twelue which altered into the proportion of the said castels and one following an other as soone as anie of them vanished other came in their rooms and this continued the space of an houre Shortlie after the sights in the aier aforesaid a worthie Gentleman in the countrie writ to a right good gentleman in the court that there was seene vpon a downe called Brodwels downe in Summersetshire thrée score personages all clothed in blacke a furlong in distance from those that beheld them and after their appearing and a little while tarieng they vanished awaie but immediatlie an other strange companie in like maner colour and number appeared in the same place and they incountered one an other and so vanished awaie And the third time appeared that number againe all in bright armour and incountered one an other and so vanished awaie Foure honest men which saw it reporting the same abroad were examined thereof before sir George Norton to whome they sware that those things they had séene were true as here before is rehearsed Moreouer it is crediblie reported of manie honest men that fiue miles from Blonsdon in Wiltshire a crie of hounds was heard in the aier the selfe same daie that the first earthquake was and the noise was so great that was made that they seemed thrée or foure score couples whereat diuerse tooke their greihounds thinking some gentlemen had béene a hunting in the chase and thought to course yet some of those that went out of their houses séeing nothing below abroad looked vpwards to the skies and there espied in the aier fiue or six hounds perfectlie to be discerned Now to saie my fansie I doubt not but thousands hold these newes for fables inuented for pleasure But I protest before God and man I can beléeue a great deals more stranger matter than this in this strange world for the people so estrange themselues from God by vsing manie strange fashions and clapping on new conditions natures that except he shew some miracles his godhead would quickelie be forgotten on earth and men would beléeue there were no other world but this The thirtéenth of Iune about six of the clocke in the morning at Shipwash within the baronie of Bothell in Northumberland there happened a tempest of lightning and thunder after the which on a sudden came a great showre of haile amongest the which were found stones of diuerse shapes maruellous to behold as in the likenes of frogs mattocks swords horsse shooes nailes crosses of diuerse sorts skuls of dead men c. The seuentéenth day of Iune in the parish of Blasedon in Yorkeshire after a gret tempest of lightning thunder a woman of foure score yeares old named Alice Perrin was deliuered of an hideous monster whose head was like vnto a sallet or headpeece the face like vnto a mans except the mouth which was round and small like vnto the mouth of a moâ—so the fore part of the bodie like to a man hauing eight legs not one like an other and a taile halfe a yard long Which monster brought into the world besides an admiration of the diuine works of God an astonishment at his iudgements But of these we may saie as a stranger said sometime vpon the like occasion of prodigies and woonders successiuelie insuing not without weightie line 10 signification to wit that such things be as tales told to the deafe verie few weieng in their minds the meaning effect of strange accidents and therfore thinke vpon nothing lesse than a reformation of their wicked life for the which things sake God sendeth these and manie such significant warnings before he taketh the rod in hand and whippeth vs till we smart we then not looking to the meanes that prouoke this vengeance as willing to auoid them but murmuring at the iust iudge vnder whose heauie line 20 hand we grone charging him to be the author of all misfortunes falling vpon vs which Homer trulie séemeth right well to haue noted in this sense Cur stulti incusant mortales numina coeli Et sibi nos dicunt autores esse malorum Cum praeter fati leges in aperta ferantur Damna suaementis proprijs erroribus orti About the eightéenth daie of Iulie the lord Greie tooke his voiage towards Ireland as lord deputie thereof after whom was sent diuerse bands line 30 of lustie souldiors both horssemen and footmen vnder the leading of expert capteins of whose prosperous and happie successe against their enimies the Irish and others diuerse pamflets haue béene published matter more at large is set downe in the historie of Ireland The thrée and twentith of September at fennie Stanton in Huntingtonshire one Agnis wife to William Linseie was deliuered of an vglie and strange monster with a face blacke the necke red mouth and eies like a lion on the forehead line 40 a roll of flesh that might be turned vp with ones finger on the hinder part of the head a lumpe of flesh proportioned
like a fether being hollow with one eare growing on the lower part of the chéeke his bellie big and hard the armes big hauing fiue fingers and a thumbe on either hand and in place of toes on the left foot fiue fingers and a thumbe on the right foot a thumbe and seuen fingers in the place of priuitie the shape both of male female a strange sight to be seene and I feare signifieth our monstrous line 50 life which God for his mercie giue vs grace to amend without procrastination or putting off from daie to daie as the poet significantlie saith Cras vultis sed vult hodie vindex Deus cras Aut non vult aut vos obruet atra dies The eight daie of October immediatlie after the new moone there appeared a blasing star in the south bushing toward the east which was nightlie séene the aier being cléere more than two moneths The eighteenth of October were made eight sergeents line 60 at law to wit William Fléetwood recorder of London Edward Flowerdue Thomas Snag William Periam Robert Halton Iohn Clench Iohn Pickering Thomas Warmsleie maister Snag before named was sicke and therefore was sworne in his chamber at Greies inne the other seuen were sworne at Westminster and held their feast at the new Temple at London The quéenes maiestie being informed that in sundrie places of this realme certeine persons secretlie taught damnable heresies contrarie to diuers principall articles of our beléefe and christian faith who to colour their sect named themselues the familie of loue and then as manie as were allowed by them to be of that familie to be elect and saued and all others of â—hat church soeuer they be to be reiected and damned And for that vpon conuenting of some of them before the bishops ordinaries it was found that the ground of their sect is mainteined by certeine lewd hereticall and seditious books first made in the Dutch toong and lastlie translated into English and printed beyond the seas secretlie brought ouer into the realme the author whereof they name H. N. c. And considering also it is found that those sectaries held opinion that they may before anie magistrat or ecclesiasticall or temporall or anie other person not being professed to be of their sect by oth or otherwise denie anie thing for their aduantage so as though manie of them are well knowne to be teachers and spreaders abroad of these dangerous and damnable sects yet by their owne confession they can not be condemned Therefore hir maiestie being verie sorie to sée so great an euill by malice of the diuell to be brought into this hir realme and by hir bishops and ordinaries she vnderstandeth it verie requisit not onelie to haue those dangerous heretiks and sectaries to be seuerelie punished but that also all other meanes be vsed by hir maiesties roiall authoritie which is giuen hir of God to defend Christs church to root them out from further infecting of hir realme she hath thought méet and conuenient and so by hir proclamation commandeth that all hir officers and ministers temporall shall in all their seuerall vocations assist the bishops of hir realme and all other person to search out all persons dulie suspected to be either teachers or professors of the foresaid damnable sects and by all good meanes to proceed seuerelie against them being found culpable by order of the lawes ecclesiasticall or temporall and that all search be made in all places suspected for the books and writings mainteining the said heresies and sects and them to destroie and burne c as more at large may appéere by the said proclamation giuen at Richmond the third of October and proclamed at London on the ninetéenth daie of the same moneth About this time there arriued vpon the west coast of Ireland a certeine companie of Italians and Spaniards sent by the pope to the aid of the earle of Desmond in his rebellion which fortified themselues stronglie néere vnto Smerwike in a fort which they called castell del Ore there erecting the popes banner against hir maiestie Which when the lord Greie of Wilton deputie of Ireland vnderstood he marched thitherward and on the sixt of Nouember hearing of the arriuall of the Swift the Tigre the Aid the Merlion other of the quéenes maiesties ships and also of thrée barks fraughted from Corke and Limerike with vittels on the morrow after marched towards the fort vnto the which he gaue so hot an assault that on the ninth of Nouember the same was yéelded all the Irishmen and women hanged and more than foure hundred Spaniards Italians and Biscaies put to the sword the coronell capteins secretarie and others to the number of twentie saued for ransome In which fortresse was found good store of monie bisket bakon oile wine and diuerse other prouisions of vittels sufficient for their companie for halfe a yeare besides armour powder shot and other furniture for two thousand men and vpwards The eight and twentith daie of Nouember were arreigned in the kings bench William Randoll for coniuring to know where treasure was hid in the earth and goods felloniouslie taken were become Thomas Elks Thomas Lupton Rafe Spacie and Christopher Waddington for being present aiding and procuring the said Randoll to the coniuration aforesaid Randoll Elks Spacie and Waddington were found guiltie had iudgement to be hanged Randoll was executed the other were repriued About the 24 of December in the town of Walsham in the countie of Sussex a child of eleuen yéers old named William Withers laie in a trance for the space of ten daies without anie sustenance and at the last comming to himselfe he vttered to the standers by manie strange spéeches inueieng against pride couetousnesse coldnesse of charitie and other line 10 outragious sins To behold this child there resorâ—â—d diuerse godlie zelous preachers as also knights esquiers gentlemen all of them hearing and séeing that which was woonderfull And among others that came thither there was a gentleman of great credit and worship with certeine of his men to heare and behold the child who hauing espied a seruingman that had béene there with his maister two times whom he had sharplie tawnted for his great and monstrous ruffes spake vnto him verie vehementlie line 20 and told him that it were better for him to put on sackecloth and mourne for his sinnes than in such abhominable pride to pranke vp himselfe like the diuels darling the verie father of pride and lieng who sought by the exercise of that damnable sinne to make himselfe a preie to euerlasting torments in helfire Wherevpon the seruingman as one prickt in conscience sore sorowed and wept for his offense rent the band from his necke tooke a knife and cut it in péeces and vowed neuer to weare the like againe line 30 This for the strangenesse thereof will be condemned as a lie speciallie of vnbeléeuers and peruers