egbert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n and_o beornwulf_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n the_o latter_a be_v beat_v l._n 5._o p._n 253._o both_o town_n and_o county_n take_v their_o name_n from_o the_o river_n willie_n id._n p._n 276._o wiltshire-man_n gain_v the_o victory_n over_o the_o worcestershire-man_n or_o mercian_n l._n 5._o p._n 247._o wina_n vid._n wini._n winandermere_n ancient_o call_v wonwaldermere_n a_o village_n by_o the_o great_a pool_n in_o lancashire_n l._n 4._o p._n 236._o winchelcomb_n a_o monastery_n in_o gloucestershire_n for_o three_o hundred_o benedictine_n monk_n found_v by_o kenwulf_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o its_o consecration_n l._n 4._o p._n 242._o l._n 5._o p._n 251._o kenelm_n his_o son_n martyr_v by_o his_o sister_n quendride_a after_o his_o body_n be_v find_v be_v bring_v hither_o and_o bury_v in_o the_o church_n of_o this_o abbey_n l._n 5._o p._n 252._o winchester_n ancient_o call_v caerguent_a by_o who_o it_o be_v first_o pretend_v to_o be_v build_v l._n 1._o p._n 10._o the_o old_a church_n there_o command_v to_o be_v build_v by_o king_n cenwall_n l._n 4._o p._n 181._o the_o bishopric_n be_v resign_v by_o daniel_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o old_a age_n to_o hunferth_n id._n p._n 224._o be_v take_v from_o king_n ethelbert_n by_o the_o dane_n l._n 5._o p._n 266._o the_o consecration_n of_o the_o new_a monastery_n here_o l._n 5._o p._n 312._o a_o great_a council_n hold_v here_o concern_v the_o turn_n out_o of_o the_o monk_n l._n 6._o p._n 16._o winchester-measure_n to_o be_v the_o standard_n l._n 6._o p._n 14._o winfrid_n bishop_n of_o the_o mercian_n depose_v by_o archbishop_n theodore_n and_o why_o l._n 4._o p._n 194._o wini_n or_o wina_n make_v bishop_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n and_o the_o province_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o diocese_n he_o be_v settle_v in_o that_o of_o winchester_n l._n 4._o p._n 182_o 188._o but_o be_v drive_v from_o his_o see_n by_o king_n kenwalch_n go_v and_o purchase_v the_o see_v of_o london_n of_o king_n wulfher_o the_o first_o example_n of_o simony_n here_o id._n p._n 191._o wipha_n or_o wippa_n the_o son_n of_o cryda_fw-mi succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o mercian_n l._n 3._o p._n 148._o wir_fw-ge a_o river_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n l._n 4._o p._n 194._o wiregild_n be_v a_o satisfaction_n make_v by_o a_o murderer_n to_o the_o friend_n of_o the_o party_n slay_v l._n 4._o p._n 211._o the_o valuation_n of_o a_o man_n head_n l._n 5._o p._n 341._o wiremouth_n a_o monastery_n build_v by_o abbot_n benedict_n l._n 4._o p._n 194_o 205._o witchcraft_n king_n athelstan_n law_n against_o it_o l._n 5._o p._n 340._o wite_n a_o fine_a or_o mulct_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o english_a and_o dane_n upon_o the_o violate_v of_o their_o law_n l._n 5._o p._n 284_o 285._o witena-gemote_a their_o large_a authority_n not_o only_o in_o assent_v to_o new_a law_n but_o in_o their_o judicial_a power_n in_o give_v judgement_n upâ—n_v all_o suit_n or_o complaint_n bring_v before_o they_o as_o well_o in_o appeal_n between_o subject_a and_o subject_a as_o when_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v a_o party_n l._n 6._o p._n 83._o it_o outlaw_n and_o convict_v earl_n aelfgar_n upon_o a_o charge_n of_o be_v a_o traitor_n to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o whole_a nation_n id._n p._n 86._o witerne_a a_o bishopric_n call_v in_o latin_a candida_fw-la casa_n belong_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n l._n 4._o p._n 201_o 231._o st._n withburg_n her_o body_n find_v at_o durham_n entire_a and_o uncorrupt_a after_o she_o have_v be_v fifty_o five_o year_n bury_v l._n 4._o p._n 242._o withgar_o nephew_n to_o king_n cerdick_n with_o stufe_n put_v the_o britain_n to_o flight_n l._n 3._o p._n 135._o his_o death_n and_o burial_n at_o withgarasbyrig_n suppose_a caresbrook-castle_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n id._n p._n 138._o his_o constitution_n of_o the_o church_n confirm_v in_o the_o synod_n call_v by_o archbishop_n ethelheard_n l._n 4._o p._n 241._o he_o and_o stufe_n first_o prince_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n l._n 5._o p._n 261._o withlaff_o a_o ealdorman_a of_o mercia_n create_v king_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o the_o people_n l._n 5._o p._n 253._o reign_v thirteen_o year_n as_o tributary_n to_o king_n egbert_n id._n p._n 254._o be_v expel_v and_o upon_o what_o account_n where_o he_o lay_v conceal_v till_o he_o procure_v egbert_n reconciliation_n upon_o which_o he_o be_v restore_v pay_v a_o yearly_o tribute_n ib._n ib._n the_o privilege_n and_o concession_n of_o this_o king_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o croyland_n confirm_v in_o a_o general_n council_n hold_v at_o london_n and_o who_o be_v present_a in_o it_o id._n p._n 257._o his_o decease_n and_o who_o succeed_v he_o id._n p._n 259._o wither_a by_o his_o piety_n and_o industry_n free_v kent_n from_o foreign_a invasion_n l._n 4._o p._n 205._o king_n of_o kent_n elect_v by_o the_o general_n consent_v of_o his_o subject_n and_o hold_v it_o thirty_o year_n l._n 4._o p._n 209._o hold_v a_o great_a council_n at_o becancelde_n and_o who_o be_v there_o present_a and_o what_o be_v transact_v id._n p._n 210._o another_o at_o berkhamsted_n in_o kent_n and_o what_o law_n be_v make_v there_o id._n p._n 211._o his_o death_n his_o child_n and_o character_n id._n p._n 218._o wittereden_n signify_v a_o certain_a fine_a or_o forfeiture_n l._n 5._o p._n 262._o woden_n king_n of_o a_o city_n in_o asia_n call_v asgard_n die_v in_o swedeland_n count_v a_o great_a magician_n and_o after_o his_o death_n be_v worship_v as_o a_o god_n l._n 3._o p._n 121._o bring_v back_o the_o goth_n out_o of_o asia_n into_o europe_n ib._n &_o p._n 122._o wodensbeorge_n now_o wodensburg_n a_o little_a village_n in_o wiltshire_n l._n 3._o p._n 148._o wolf_n a_o tribute_n of_o so_o many_o wolf_n head_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o king_n edgar_n instead_o of_o that_o in_o money_n for_o his_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o north-wales_n l._n 6._o p._n 4._o woodstock_n in_o mercia_n where_o king_n ethelred_n make_v several_a excellent_a law_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o great_a council_n l._n 6._o p._n 42_o 43._o worcester_z ancient_o be_v call_v vectij_fw-la l._n 4._o p._n 160_o 230._o bofel_n be_v ordain_v bishop_n of_o the_o wiâ—ij_n have_v his_o see_n here_o id._n p._n 199_o 200._o the_o first_o bishop_n hereof_o be_v talfride_n a_o learned_a monk_n but_o he_o die_v before_o ordination_n id._n p._n 200._o thiâ—_n church_n be_v first_o found_v by_o athelred_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n id._n ib._n the_o city_n plunder_v and_o burn_v and_o the_o country_n waste_v by_o hardecnute_n and_o why_o l._n 6._o p._n 67._o the_o shire_n ancient_o call_v wicon_n l._n 4._o p._n 242._o l._n 5._o p._n 247._o wound_n and_o maim_n king_n alfred_n law_n concern_v they_o l._n 5._o p._n 296._o wulfheard_n a_o ealdorman_a at_o southampton_n fight_v 33_o danish_a pirate_n and_o make_v there_o a_o terrible_a slaughter_n of_o they_o id._n p_o 258._o wulfhelme_fw-mi consecrate_a archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n l._n 5._o p._n 329._o his_o decease_n and_o who_o succeed_v he_o id._n p._n 333._o wulfher_o succeed_v his_o brother_n peadda_n and_o great_o enrich_v the_o abbey_n of_o medeshamsted_n with_o land_n and_o other_o endowment_n l._n 4._o p._n 186_o 187._o be_v proclaim_v king_n by_o the_o ealdorman_n of_o mercia_n take_v the_o isle_n of_o wight_n with_o the_o country_n of_o the_o meanvari_n id._n p._n 188._o fight_v with_o aescwin_n at_o bedanheafde_a id._n p._n 195._o concern_v his_o baptism_n and_o the_o ridiculous_a story_n of_o his_o murder_v his_o two_o son_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n as_o also_o his_o death_n id._n ib._n wulfher_o archbishop_n of_o york_n be_v expel_v by_o the_o northumber_n but_o restore_v to_o it_o the_o next_o year_n after_o l._n 5._o p._n 277._o his_o decease_n id._n p._n 299._o wulfnoth_n father_n of_o earl_n godwin_n be_v impeach_v before_o king_n ethelred_n and_o escape_v and_o run_v away_o with_o some_o of_o his_o ship_n turn_v pirate_n and_o do_v a_o world_n of_o mischief_n by_o burn_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o fleet_n that_o have_v escape_v shipwreck_n l._n 6._o p._n 33._o wulfric_n vid._n spot_n wulstan_n be_v wicked_o slay_v by_o his_o cousin_n berthferth_n son_n of_o bertwulf_n king_n of_o mercia_n and_o his_o body_n bury_v at_o the_o monastery_n of_o rependun_v in_o derbyshire_n l._n 5._o p._n 261._o wulstan_n archbishop_n of_o york_n be_v make_v a_o close_a prisoner_n at_o witharbyrig_n by_o king_n edred_n and_o for_o what_o but_o because_o of_o his_o function_n he_o be_v afterward_o pardon_v and_o restore_v l._n 5._o p._n 350._o his_o decease_n id._n p._n 355._o wulstan_n archbishop_n of_o york_n consecrate_v ethelnoth_n a_o monk_n and_o dean_n of_o canterbury_n bishop_n l._n 6._o p._n 51._o his_o decease_n and_o who_o succeed_v he_o id._n p._n
he_o that_o be_v so_o injure_v the_o high_a offence_n against_o man_n alone_o be_v treason_n treason_n and_o the_o punishment_n for_o this_o offence_n i_o find_v set_v down_o in_o the_o 4_o the_o law_n of_o k._n alfred_n to_o this_o effect_n viz._n that_o if_o any_o one_o by_o himself_o or_o any_o other_o person_n shall_v attempt_v against_o the_o king_n life_n he_o shall_v lose_v his_o life_n and_o good_n or_o in_o case_n he_o will_v purge_v himself_o he_o be_v to_o do_v it_o according_a to_o the_o valuation_n of_o the_o king_n head_n but_o in_o this_o the_o king_n have_v no_o great_a a_o prerogative_n than_o divers_a other_o of_o his_o subject_n for_o the_o same_o law_n do_v inform_v we_o that_o it_o ordain_v in_o all_o judgement_n concern_v other_o man_n whether_o noble_a or_o ignoble_a whosoever_o shall_v conspire_v against_o his_o lord_n shall_v lose_v both_o his_o life_n and_o estate_n or_o else_o pay_v the_o valuation_n of_o his_o lord_n head_n clip_v i_o come_v next_o to_o the_o coin_n and_o clip_v of_o money_n which_o be_v not_o original_o such_o a_o offence_n as_o be_v punish_v by_o death_n for_o the_o first_o law_n that_o make_v it_o so_o be_v that_o of_o ethelred_n whereby_o it_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o king_n discretion_n either_o to_o fine_a or_o put_v to_o death_n such_o merchant_n as_o import_v false_a money_n and_o all_o port-reeves_n of_o town_n who_o shall_v be_v accessary_a to_o it_o be_v make_v liable_a to_o the_o same_o but_o for_o all_o this_o it_o be_v not_o even_o after_o the_o conquest_n punishable_a by_o death_n but_o amputation_n of_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o privy-member_n murder_n as_o for_o murder_n or_o kill_v a_o man_n with_o malice_n prepense_a it_o be_v by_o the_o preface_n to_o king_n alfred_n law_n punishable_a by_o death_n and_o this_o and_o the_o former_a law_n concern_v treason_n will_v help_v we_o to_o interpret_v in_o what_o case_n the_o wiregilds_n or_o mulct_n that_o we_o find_v so_o frequent_o mention_v in_o the_o saxon_a law_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v for_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n and_o particular_o that_o law_n of_o king_n athelstan_n which_o set_v the_o rate_n of_o these_o wiregilds_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n slay_v from_o the_o king_n to_o the_o peasant_n that_o be_v when_o the_o party_n be_v kill_v in_o some_o sudden_a fray_n or_o quarrel_n without_o any_o malice_n forethink_v this_o i_o take_v notice_n of_o to_o obviate_v the_o error_n of_o some_o who_o suppose_v that_o all_o murder_n even_o of_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v redeemable_a by_o money_n which_o be_v not_o allow_v in_o any_o case_n but_o those_o we_o account_v manslaughter_n at_o this_o day_n manslaughter_n and_o show_v the_o antiquity_n of_o that_o distinction_n between_o manslaughter_n and_o murder_n which_o be_v now_o almost_o peculiar_a to_o england_n and_o arise_v at_o first_o from_o the_o proneness_n of_o our_o nation_n to_o feud_n and_o sudden_a quarrel_n though_o the_o like_a custom_n be_v also_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o ancient_a frisian_a and_o german_a law_n if_o you_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o consult_v they_o but_o as_o for_o bloodshed_n etc._n strike_v maim_v wound_v dismember_a etc._n etc._n they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o punishable_a by_o mulct_n or_o fine_n as_o you_o will_v see_v in_o the_o law_n of_o king_n alfred_n and_o other_o place_n in_o this_o volume_n burglary_n i_o proceed_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o robbery_n and_o burglary_n which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o king_n ina_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n only_o the_o thief_n be_v admmit_v sometime_o to_o redeem_v it_o according_a to_o the_o estimation_n of_o his_o head_n and_o that_o i_o suppose_v be_v leave_v to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o judge_n either_o to_o deny_v or_o allow_v but_o for_o all_o other_o less_o theft_n they_o be_v redeemable_a by_o fine_n and_o the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n limit_v that_o punishment_n of_o death_n to_o theft_n of_o twelve_o penny_n in_o value_n or_o above_o trespass_n and_o trespass_n of_o a_o less_o nature_n upon_o land_n and_o good_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o criminal_n make_v satisfaction_n to_o the_o injure_a party_n and_o his_o pay_v a_o certain_a fine_a beside_o to_o the_o king_n which_o by_o king_n alfred_n law_n be_v set_v at_o five_o shilling_n and_o in_o his_o time_n other_o action_n be_v likewise_o use_v 30._o such_o as_o we_o call_v action_n upon_o the_o case_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n not_o only_o recover_v damage_n for_o trespass_n do_v to_o possession_n and_o good_n but_o also_o cost_v for_o injury_n in_o point_n of_o scandal_n and_o defamation_n in_o case_n the_o complainant_n special_o declare_v that_o he_o be_v thereby_o disable_v or_o injure_v in_o his_o preferment_n and_o make_v proof_n of_o the_o same_o much_o like_o to_o the_o form_n of_o our_o plead_n now_o perjury_n as_o for_o perjury_n which_o i_o have_v hitherto_o omit_v though_o in_o strict_a method_n it_o shall_v have_v be_v mention_v before_o as_o a_o sin_n against_o both_o god_n and_o man_n the_o saxon_n be_v utter_o enemy_n to_o it_o and_o punish_v it_o with_o perpetual_a discredit_n of_o their_o testimony_n and_o sometime_o with_o banishment_n or_o with_o grievous_a fine_n to_o the_o king_n and_o mulct_n to_o the_o judg._n for_o that_o difference_n i_o find_v observe_v in_o those_o day_n between_o fines_n and_o mulct_n 18._o though_o the_o more_o ancient_a time_n use_v they_o for_o one_o and_o the_o same_o for_o i_o often_o find_v pars_fw-la muâ—ctae_fw-la regi_fw-la in_o all_o these_o matter_n where_o any_o interest_n be_v vest_v in_o the_o crown_n the_o king_n have_v the_o prerogative_n of_o pardon_n yet_o always_o a_o recompense_n be_v save_v to_o the_o injure_a party_n beside_o the_o security_n of_o the_o good-behaviour_n for_o time_n to_o come_v as_o the_o case_n require_v these_o mulct_n for_o all_o these_o offence_n be_v set_v down_o in_o a_o book_n which_o be_v the_o rule_n and_o standard_n of_o the_o judge_n sentence_n and_o it_o be_v call_v in_o the_o preface_n to_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o doom_n or_o judgment-book_n and_o composition_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o satisfaction_n give_v according_a to_o what_o be_v lay_v in_o this_o judicial_a or_o doom-book_n this_o show_v that_o fine_n be_v then_o set_v out_o and_o appoint_v by_o law_n law_n and_o be_v proportion_v not_o only_o according_a to_o man_n offence_n but_o ability_n of_o what_o they_o be_v able_a to_o pay_v and_o be_v not_o in_o those_o time_n leave_v to_o the_o arbitrary_a will_n and_o humour_n of_o the_o judge_n to_o ruin_v man_n fortune_n and_o family_n and_o imprison_v their_o person_n during_o life_n perhaps_o only_o for_o a_o small_a offence_n in_o a_o rash_a word_n or_o unmalicious_a deed._n i_o confess_v this_o introduction_n be_v long_a than_o i_o first_o intend_v it_o but_o herein_o i_o hope_v the_o reader_n will_v excuse_v i_o since_o i_o have_v present_v he_o with_o a_o true_a scheme_n of_o the_o ancient_a english-saxon_a government_n and_o law_n as_o well_o ecclesiastical_a as_o civil_a relate_v to_o the_o just_a prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n as_o also_o to_o the_o true_a right_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n and_o this_o i_o have_v do_v for_o two_o end_n first_o to_o inform_v those_o of_o our_o own_o nation_n as_o well_o as_o stranger_n that_o this_o government_n before_o the_o pretend_a conquest_n agree_v in_o the_o most_o material_a part_n of_o it_o with_o those_o of_o the_o same_o gothick_n model_n all_o over_o europe_n and_o that_o if_o we_o do_v still_o labour_v to_o preserve_v our_o ancient_a constitution_n when_o most_o of_o our_o neighbour_n have_v either_o lose_v or_o give_v up_o they_o i_o think_v we_o do_v deserve_v commendation_n more_o especial_o since_o both_o prince_n and_o people_n may_v have_v find_v a_o equal_a interest_n and_o happiness_n in_o it_o and_o second_o to_o show_v that_o neither_o the_o danish_a nor_o norman_a invasion_n call_v by_o some_o conquest_n have_v at_o all_o alter_v it_o in_o any_o of_o the_o substantial_a part_n of_o our_o government_n or_o law_n notwithstanding_o what_o some_o man_n have_v so_o strenuous_o advance_v to_o the_o contrary_a out_o of_o what_o design_n they_o themselves_o best_o know_v as_o for_o what_o i_o have_v here_o lay_v down_o if_o any_o thing_n appear_v either_o new_a or_o of_o suspicious_a credit_n i_o desire_v to_o be_v no_o far_o believe_v than_o the_o reason_n and_o authority_n i_o have_v here_o produce_v will_v justify_v i_o and_o therefore_o shall_v leave_v the_o reader_n to_o make_v what_o judgement_n he_o please_v of_o it_o which_o if_o it_o do_v not_o suit_n with_o i_o i_o shall_v not_o take_v it_o amiss_o since_o i_o be_o sufficient_o sensible_a how_o much_o man_n opinion_n depend_v on_o their_o present_a
same_o invasion_n mention_v by_o mat._n westminster_n under_o an._n 811._o this_o year_n leo_n that_o worthy_a and_o holy_a pope_n decease_v and_o stephanus_n succeed_v in_o the_o popedom_n but_o florence_n of_o worcester_n more_o right_o place_v the_o death_n of_o this_o pope_n two_o year_n late_a pope_n stephanus_n decease_v dcccxiv_o and_o pascalis_n be_v consecrate_v pope_n in_o his_o stead_n and_o the_o same_o year_n the_o school_n or_o college_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n 〈◊〉_d rome_n be_v burn_v but_o mat._n westminster_n do_v more_o right_o place_v the_o death_n of_o pope_n stephanus_n the_o year_n follow_v dcccxvi_o at_o this_o time_n be_v hold_v the_o synod_n at_o calcuith_n under_o wilfred_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o kenulph_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n who_o be_v there_o present_a but_o the_o decree_n be_v whole_o ecclesiastical_a i_o pass_v they_o by_o and_o refer_v the_o curious_a to_o sir_n h._n spelman_n 1._o volume_n of_o council_n only_o shall_v here_o take_v notice_n of_o this_o one_o passage_n that_o now_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o abbess_n be_v first_o forbid_v by_o the_o seven_o canon_n of_o this_o synod_n to_o alien_a their_o land_n commit_v to_o their_o trust_n in_o fee_n or_o for_o long_a time_n than_o one_o life_n and_o that_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o house_n cenwulf_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n decease_v dcccxix_o and_o ceolwulf_n begin_v to_o reign_v in_o his_o stead_n also_o eadbyrht_v the_o ealderman_n die_v but_o the_o saxon_a annal_n do_v here_o omit_v that_o which_o be_v very_o remarkable_a that_o not_o ceolwulf_n but_o kenelm_n son_n to_o king_n kenwulf_n be_v a_o child_n of_o seven_o year_n old_a dcccxix_o succeed_v his_o father_n under_o the_o tutelage_n of_o his_o sister_n quendride_a who_o be_v tempt_v by_o a_o wicked_a ambition_n of_o reign_v be_v by_o she_o make_v away_o and_o thereby_o he_o obtain_v the_o name_n of_o a_o martyr_n the_o manner_n of_o which_o tho'_o it_o be_v certain_o but_o a_o legend_n i_o shall_v to_o divert_v the_o reader_n relate_v out_o of_o will._n of_o malmesbury_n and_o mat._n westminster_n this_o young_a prince_n be_v commit_v by_o his_o sister_n to_o a_o attendant_n on_o purpose_n to_o be_v make_v away_o who_o carry_v he_o into_o a_o wood_n under_o pretence_n of_o hunt_v cut_v off_o his_o head_n and_o throw_v his_o body_n into_o a_o thicket_n of_o bush_n his_o sister_n present_o seize_v the_o kingdom_n strait_o forbid_v all_o inquiry_n to_o be_v make_v after_o her_o lose_a brother_n but_o sure_o it_o be_v miraculous_a that_o a_o thing_n do_v so_o private_o in_o england_n shall_v be_v first_o know_v at_o rome_n but_o so_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v by_o divine_a revelation_n for_o upon_o the_o altar_n of_o st._n peter_n a_o white_a dove_n let_v fall_v a_o certain_a paper_n which_o discover_v both_o the_o death_n of_o king_n kenelm_n and_o also_o the_o place_n of_o his_o burial_n which_o be_v write_v in_o golden_a letter_n be_v thus_o in_o clent_n cowbatch_n kenelm_n king_n bearne_v lie_v under_o a_o thorn_n heave_v bereave_v which_o be_v in_o saxon_a may_v be_v thus_o translate_v into_o english_a rhyme_n in_o clent-cow-pasture_n under_o a_o thorn_n of_o head_n bereave_v lie_v kenelm_n king_n born_n but_o it_o seem_v the_o character_n be_v so_o hard_o to_o be_v read_v that_o all_o the_o roman_a clerk_n there_o present_a attempt_v in_o vain_a at_o the_o pope_n command_n to_o read_v this_o write_n but_o a_o english_a man_n by_o chance_n stand_v by_o who_o to_o make_v the_o miracle_n the_o great_a mat._n westminster_n read_v angelus_n instead_o of_o anglus_fw-la call_v a_o angel_n 2._o and_o translate_n this_o writing_n into_o latin_a cause_v the_o pope_n by_o a_o epistle_n send_v by_o he_o on_o purpose_n to_o give_v notice_n to_o the_o english_a king_n of_o their_o martyr_a countryman_n who_o body_n be_v thus_o miraculous_o discover_v be_v in_o a_o great_a assembly_n of_o clerk_n and_o noble_n take_v out_o of_o the_o hole_n where_o it_o be_v lay_v and_o carry_v to_o winchelcombe_n in_o gloucester-shire_n and_o there_o bury_v in_o the_o church_n of_o that_o abbey_n which_o his_o father_n have_v found_v which_o after_o some_o time_n bring_v no_o small_a profit_n to_o that_o monastery_n by_o frequent_a pilgrimage_n make_v to_o the_o tomb_n of_o this_o little_a saint_n but_o now_o my_o hand_n be_v in_o pray_v take_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o story_n when_o the_o body_n of_o this_o young_a prince_n be_v bring_v home_o the_o murderess_n his_o sister_n be_v vex_v with_o the_o sing_v of_o those_o clerk_n and_o laic_n that_o attend_v the_o corpse_n and_o look_v out_o of_o her_o chamber_n window_n in_o pure_a spite_n repeat_v the_o psalm_n backward_o which_o they_o then_o sing_v thereby_o to_o disturb_v the_o harmony_n of_o the_o chorus_n but_o as_o the_o same_o author_n add_v while_o she_o be_v thus_o sing_v both_o her_o eye_n fall_v out_o of_o her_o head_n upon_o the_o psalter_n she_o hold_v in_o her_o hand_n and_o the_o psalter_n itself_o set_v in_o silver_n and_o besmear_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o her_o eye_n be_v then_o to_o be_v see_v give_v a_o pregnant_a testimony_n of_o her_o crime_n as_o well_o as_o punishment_n yet_o it_o seem_v will._n of_o malmesbury_n know_v nothing_o of_o this_o legend_n of_o the_o find_v the_o body_n but_o only_o say_v it_o be_v discover_v by_o miraculous_a ray_n of_o a_o vast_a light_n which_o shine_v all_o night_n over_o the_o place_n where_o it_o lay_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o its_o be_v find_v out_o but_o no_o matter_n for_o the_o manner_n both_o of_o they_o be_v alike_o credible_a this_o be_v enough_o if_o not_o too_o much_o of_o this_o boy_n king_n and_o martyr_n and_o this_o be_v certain_a that_o his_o unnatural_a sister_n do_v not_o enjoy_v the_o fruit_n of_o her_o wicked_a ambition_n long_o dcccxx_o for_o ceolwulf_n brother_n to_o king_n kenwulf_n succeed_v in_o the_o kingdom_n tho'_o he_o likewise_o reign_v but_o little_o more_o than_o one_o year_n for_o the_o next_o year_n he_o be_v deprive_v of_o his_o kingdom_n as_o ingulphus_n relate_v by_o one_o bernulph_n a_o ambitious_a man_n of_o great_a riches_n and_o power_n dcccxxi_o tho'_o no_o way_n relate_v to_o the_o blood_n royal._n '_o this_o year_n two_o ealderman_n be_v slay_v burkelm_n and_o muca_n dcccxxii_o but_o who_o these_o be_v our_o annal_n do_v not_o acquaint_v we_o there_o be_v also_o this_o year_n hold_v a_o synod_n at_o cloveshoe_n under_o king_n beornwulf_n and_o archbishop_n wilfred_n who_o constitution_n relate_v whole_o to_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n you_o may_v find_v in_o sir_n h._n spelman_n 1._o vol._n the_o only_a civil_a business_n be_v that_o of_o the_o abbess_n cendrythe_n be_v force_v to_o make_v satisfaction_n to_o archbishop_n wilfred_n by_o render_v 100_o manse_v or_o farm_n for_o the_o wrong_n which_o king_n cenwulf_n her_o father_n have_v do_v to_o the_o church_n of_o canterbury_n this_o cendrythe_o be_v the_o same_o with_o quendrithe_o or_o quendrida_fw-es as_o she_o be_v call_v by_o our_o latin_a author_n who_o make_v away_o her_o brother_n k._n kenelm_n as_o you_o have_v already_o hear_v and_o who_o to_o expiate_v for_o the_o death_n of_o her_o brother_n since_o she_o can_v not_o be_v a_o queen_n have_v profess_v herself_o a_o nun_n and_o be_v now_o a_o abbess_n there_o be_v a_o fight_n between_o the_o britain_n and_o devonshire_n man_n at_o gafulford_n now_o camelford_n in_o cornwall_n and_o florence_n of_o worcester_n tell_v we_o dcccxxiii_o that_o the_o britain_n be_v slay_v by_o those_o of_o devonshire_n the_o same_o year_n also_o according_a to_o our_o annal_n ecbriht_v king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n and_o beornwulf_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n fight_v at_o ellendune_n suppose_v to_o be_v wilton_n near_o salisbury_n where_o ecbriht_v obtain_v the_o victory_n a_o great_a slaughter_n be_v there_o make_v after_o which_o king_n ecbright_n send_v aethelwulf_n his_o son_n and_o ealstan_n his_o bishop_n and_o wulfheard_v his_o ealderman_n with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o kent_n where_o they_o force_v king_n baldred_n to_o fly_v over_o thames_n into_o the_o northern_a part_n then_o the_o kentishman_n and_o those_o of_o surry_n together_o with_o the_o south-saxons_a and_o east-saxons_a submit_v themselves_o to_o king_n egbert_n which_o last_o nation_n have_v be_v unjust_o wrest_v from_o his_o family_n and_o have_v as_o florence_n relate_v for_o the_o space_n of_o several_a year_n be_v subject_n to_o king_n that_o be_v stranger_n the_o same_o year_n also_o the_o king_n of_o the_o east-angle_n together_o with_o the_o whole_a nation_n beseech_v king_n ecbriht_v to_o grant_v they_o peace_n and_o be_v their_o protector_n for_o fear_v of_o the_o mercian_n and_o the_o same_o year_n the_o east-angle_n slay_v beornwulf_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n because_o as_o mat._n westminster_n relate_v he_o challenge_v their_o kingdom_n
between_o king_n alfred_n and_o guthrum_n the_o dane_n together_o with_o their_o ecclesiastical_a law_n in_o a_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n l._n 5._o p._n 283_o 284_o 285._o a_o great_a one_o wherein_o king_n alfred_n make_v those_o law_n that_o go_v under_o his_o name_n id._n p._n 291_o etc._n etc._n a_o great_a one_o hold_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a where_o plegmund_n preside_v in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o gewiss_n about_o make_v of_o bishop_n id._n p._n 313_o 314._o the_o law_n make_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a in_o a_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n though_o in_o what_o or_o in_o what_o year_n uncertain_a id._n p._n 325_o etc._n etc._n a_o great_a council_n hold_v by_o king_n athelstan_n at_o graetanleage_n and_o the_o law_n pass_v therein_o id._n p._n 339_o 340_o etc._n etc._n king_n edmund_n great_a council_n where_o hold_v and_o the_o constitution_n of_o civil_a concernment_n make_v therein_o id._n p._n 346_o 347_o 348._o a_o great_a one_o meet_v and_o choose_v prince_n edward_n surname_v the_o martyr_n for_o their_o king_n l._n 6._o p._n 15._o those_o at_o kirtlingtune_n winchester_n and_o calne_n in_o wiltshire_n call_v to_o debate_v that_o great_a affair_n concern_v the_o turn_n out_o of_o the_o monk_n and_o restore_v the_o secular_a canon_n at_o the_o last_o of_o they_o the_o floor_n of_o the_o room_n fail_v and_o kill_v and_o hurt_v abundance_n there_o id._n p._n 16_o 17._o one_o call_v to_o consult_v about_o pope_n john_n letter_n send_v to_o king_n ethelred_n id._n p._n 24_o 25._o king_n ethelred_n and_o his_o wise_a man_n in_o council_n ordain_v to_o raise_v a_o army_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n against_o the_o dane_n id._n p._n 27._o another_o council_n summon_v who_o instead_o of_o consult_v the_o public_a good_a fall_v to_o impeach_v one_o another_o and_o to_o spend_v the_o whole_a time_n in_o their_o own_o private_a quarrel_n id._n p._n 35._o a_o great_a one_o hold_v under_o king_n cnute_n at_o cyrencester_n wherein_o ethelward_o the_o eorlderman_n be_v outlaw_v id._n p._n 51._o another_o of_o his_o mycel_n synod_n hold_v at_o winchester_n and_o what_o law_n make_v therein_o id._n p._n 57_o 58_o 59_o 60._o in_o a_o great_a council_n hold_v at_o london_n a_o religious_a monk_n of_o evesham_n be_v choose_v abbot_n of_o that_o monastery_n id._n p._n 73._o a_o great_a one_o hold_v at_o london_n in_o midlent_a id._n p._n 75._o another_o at_o gloucester_n to_o determine_v a_o difference_n between_o earl_n godwin_n and_o the_o welshman_n id._n p._n 77._o a_o great_a one_o without_o london_n about_o determine_v the_o quarrel_n between_o edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o earl_n godwin_n id._n p._n 81._o one_o hâ—ld_v at_o westminster_n to_o confirm_v edward_n the_o confessor_n charter_n of_o endowment_n of_o the_o church_n of_o westminster_n id._n p._n 94._o county_n when_o england_n be_v first_o thus_o divide_v by_o king_n alfred_n l._n 5._o p._n 291._o countryman_n by_o king_n alfred_n law_n not_o to_o be_v unjust_o imprison_v nor_o any_o way_n misuse_v under_o such_o and_o such_o penalty_n l._n 5._o p._n 293_o 294._o their_o very_a homestalls_n be_v secure_v in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n id._n p._n 295._o county_n court_n the_o antiquity_n and_o power_n of_o it_o hold_v every_o month_n as_o now_o l._n 5._o p._n 326._o coway-stake_n near_a lalam_n in_o middlesex_n where_o the_o britain_n place_v pile_n to_o hinder_v caesar_n and_o his_o roman_n passage_n to_o they_o some_o of_o which_o be_v late_o there_o to_o be_v see_v l._n 2._o p._n 34._o crayford_n in_o kent_n ancient_o call_v crecanford_n l._n 5._o p._n 313._o creed_n the_o bishop_n at_o ariminun_n force_v by_o the_o emperor_n to_o subscribe_v the_o new_a creed_n make_v not_o long_o before_o at_o the_o pretend_a council_n of_o syrmium_fw-la wherein_o the_o son_n of_o god_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v only_o of_o like_a substance_n with_o the_o father_n l._n 2._o p._n 89_o 90._o priest_n oblige_v to_o learn_v it_o and_o the_o lord_n prayer_n in_o english_a l._n 4._o p._n 225._o all_o man_n in_o general_n command_v to_o learn_v it_o and_o the_o lord_n prayer_n id._n p._n 233._o creeklade_n now_o a_o small_a town_n in_o wiltshire_n from_o whence_o the_o muse_n be_v say_v to_o be_v carry_v to_o oxford_n suppose_v a_o ancient_a great_a school_n it_o be_v derivation_n l._n 5._o p._n 290._o creoda_fw-it or_o crida_n first_o king_n of_o the_o mercian_n one_o of_o the_o lâ—rgest_a of_o the_o english-saxon_a kingdom_n and_o one_o of_o the_o last_o conquer_v by_o the_o westsaxon_n his_o death_n l._n 3._o p._n 147_o 149._o crime_n all_o redeemable_a by_o fine_n in_o edward_n the_o elder_n be_v time_n and_o long_o after_o l._n 5._o p._n 326._o punishable_a rather_o by_o mulct_n than_o by_o blood_n in_o king_n athelstan_n time_n id._n p._n 342._o for_o what_o no_o satisfaction_n shall_v be_v make_v by_o way_n of_o compensation_n l._n 6._o p._n 59_o criminal_a none_o know_o and_o voluntary_o to_o have_v peace_n with_o or_o harbour_v any_o one_o that_o be_v condemn_v and_o what_o such_o forfeit_a that_o act_n contrary_a to_o this_o law_n l._n 5._o p._n 326._o none_o to_o absent_v themselves_o from_o the_o gemot_n or_o hundred-court_n and_o if_o any_o do_v what_o course_n shall_v be_v take_v about_o he_o l._n 6._o p._n 14._o no_o petty_a offender_n to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o cnute_n law_n id._n p._n 58._o crown_n after_o cnute_n have_v find_v the_o weak_a and_o bound_a power_n of_o king_n by_o the_o tide_n be_v refuse_v to_o obey_v his_o majestic_a command_n he_o return_v home_o and_o will_v wear_v his_o crown_n no_o long_o but_o order_v it_o to_o be_v hang_v on_o the_o head_n of_o the_o crucifix_n at_o winchester_n l._n 6._o p._n 57_o croyland_n the_o whole_a isle_n grant_v by_o king_n ethelbald_n charter_n to_o this_o monastery_n l._n 4._o p._n 218._o the_o land_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o abbey_n confirm_v by_o king_n egbert_n in_o a_o great_a council_n l._n 5._o p._n 254._o the_o privilege_n and_o grant_n of_o king_n withlaff_n to_o this_o monastery_n confirm_v in_o a_o general_n council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n id._n p._n 257._o the_o charter_n of_o king_n berthwulf_n to_o this_o abbey_n confirm_v under_o the_o rule_n of_o st._n benedict_n at_o kingsbury_n suppose_v to_o be_v a_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n id._n p._n 261._o the_o monastery_n and_o church_n with_o a_o noble_a library_n of_o book_n and_o all_o its_o charter_n burn_v and_o utter_o destroy_v by_o the_o dane_n id._n p._n 271_o 272._o be_v repair_v and_o much_o enrich_v by_o abbot_n turketule_n who_o by_o add_v six_o more_o to_o the_o two_o bell_n there_o make_v the_o first_o tuneable_a ring_n of_o bell_n in_o england_n l._n 6._o p._n 12._o crysanthius_n send_v by_o theodosius_n as_o his_o lieutenant_n to_o suppress_v the_o incursion_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n l._n 2._o p._n 97._o cuckamsley-hill_n in_o berkshire_n by_o the_o saxon_n call_v cwichelmeslaw_n l._n 6._o p._n 32._o cumbran_n a_o most_o noble_a ealdorman_n for_o represent_v the_o people_n grievance_n to_o cruel_a king_n sigebert_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v stain_n by_o he_o l._n 4._o p._n 226_o 227_o cuneglasus_n suppose_v by_o some_o antiquary_n to_o have_v be_v king_n of_o the_o northern_a or_o cambrian_a britain_n l._n 3._o p._n 139_o 145._o curescot_n or_o cyrescot_n that_o be_v first-fruit_n or_o money_n give_v to_o the_o church_n l._n 6._o p._n 55_o 56._o cutha_n vid._n cuthwulf_n cuthbert_n ordain_v bishop_n of_o lindisfarne_n his_o noble_a character_n and_o approach_a death_n l._n 4._o p._n 201_o 202._o retires_n after_o he_o have_v resign_v his_o bishopric_n to_o farne-island_n and_o there_o decease_v but_o his_o body_n be_v translate_v to_o lindisfarne_v id._n p_o 204._o called_n st._n cuthbert_n and_o esteem_v to_o have_v be_v a_o very_a holy_a man_n id._n p._n 215._o l._n 5._o p._n 286._o cuthbryht_o or_o cuthbert_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o nothelm_n be_v consecrate_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n l._n 4._o p._n 224._o sit_v archbishop_n eighteen_o year_n and_o then_o dâ—ceases_v id._n p._n 228._o his_o body_n after_o a_o hundred_o year_n remove_v by_o aldune_n from_o cunecaeaster_n i.e._n chester_n to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o city_n of_o durham_n be_v afterward_o build_v l._n 6._o p._n 26._o cuthr_v have_v three_o thousand_o hide_n of_o land_n give_v he_o by_o cenwalc_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n near_a aescasdune_n l._n 4._o p._n 182._o he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o cwichelme_v ibid._n his_o death_n id._n p._n 186._o cuthred_a cousin_n to_o ethelred_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n hâ—s_n war_n with_o ethelbald_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n with_o various_a success_n he_o and_o ethelbald_n fight_v against_o the_o britain_n l._n 4._o p._n
be_v with_o he_o at_o a_o great_a council_n at_o gloucester_n id._n p._n 77_o 81._o but_o be_v summon_v to_o appear_v at_o another_o curia_n hold_v at_o london_n he_o and_o earl_n sweyn_n his_o son_n flee_v to_o baldwin_n earl_n of_o flanders_n for_o protection_n id._n p._n 77_o 78._o his_o sail_v for_o england_n but_o be_v pursue_v he_o return_v to_o bruges_n and_o come_v again_o soon_o after_o commit_v a_o thousand_o ravages_n id._n p._n 80_o 81._o what_o the_o ground_n of_o all_o this_o contest_v between_o the_o king_n and_o he_o at_o last_o in_o a_o great_a council_n a_o peace_n be_v make_v and_o hostage_n give_v on_o both_o side_n id._n p._n 81._o be_v accuse_v by_o king_n edward_n for_o the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n in_o the_o great_a council_n and_o how_o he_o make_v his_o peace_n id._n p._n 83._o he_o and_o his_o son_n restore_v to_o their_o former_a honour_n and_o estate_n in_o a_o great_a council_n id._n p._n 82_o 83_o 84._o his_o death_n and_o burial_n in_o the_o old_a monastery_n of_o winchester_n id._n p._n 84_o 85._o his_o character_n wife_n and_o issue_n id._n p._n 85._o gogmagog_n the_o mighty_a giant_n in_o cornwall_n take_v up_o by_o corinaeus_n in_o his_o arm_n though_o he_o be_v no_o giant_n himself_o and_o fling_v off_o by_o he_o if_o you_o will_v believe_v the_o fable_n from_o a_o cliff_n into_o the_o sea_n l._n 1._o p._n 9_o gordianus_n m._n anton._n elect_a emperor_n by_o the_o praetorian_a band_n have_v a_o army_n in_o britain_n though_o nothing_o be_v do_v by_o what_o can_v be_v find_v l._n 2._o p._n 81._o gormond_n a_o african_a king_n come_v out_o of_o ireland_n to_o fight_v careticus_fw-la and_o what_o the_o success_n l._n 3._o p._n 148._o gospatrick_n a_o great_a officer_n in_o northumberland_n murder_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o a_o quarrel_n between_o he_o and_o earl_n tostige_n l._n 6._o p._n 90._o gospel_n suppose_v to_o be_v first_o preach_v in_o this_o island_n in_o the_o reign_v of_o either_o claudius_n or_o nero_n though_o by_o who_o unknown_a l._n 2._o p._n 51_o 52._o the_o story_n of_o joseph_n of_o arimathea_n and_o his_o twelve_o companion_n come_v to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n in_o britain_n id._n p._n 52_o 53._o christ_n be_v preach_v here_o as_o early_o as_o the_o first_o conquest_n of_o it_o by_o the_o britain_n id._n p._n 69._o who_o first_o preach_v the_o gospel_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o grison_n l._n 2._o p._n 70._o the_o first_o preach_v of_o the_o gospel_n in_o germany_n and_o by_o who_o l._n 4._o p._n 211._o the_o joyful_a tiding_n of_o it_o first_o bring_v to_o we_o from_o canterbury_n l._n 6._o p._n 36._o government_n devolve_v on_o the_o people_n when_o the_o emperor_n acquit_v the_o britain_n of_o the_o roman_a jurisdiction_n l._n 2._o p._n 104._o graetanleage_v the_o law_n that_o be_v make_v there_o by_o king_n athelstan_n in_o a_o great_a council_n l._n 5._o p._n 339_o 340_o 341._o grand_fw-fr inquest_n vid._n inquest_n gratian_n the_o emperor_n create_v theodosius_n the_o young_a his_o partner_n in_o the_o empire_n assign_v he_o the_o east_n for_o his_o share_n l._n 2._o p._n 95._o be_v rout_v by_o the_o force_n of_o maximus_n be_v force_v to_o fly_v with_o three_o hundred_o horse_n towards_o the_o alps_o but_o andragathius_n with_o some_o light-horse_n be_v send_v after_o he_o overtake_v he_o near_o the_o bridge_n of_o singidunum_n and_o there_o kill_v he_o id._n ibid._n gratianus_n surname_v funarius_n from_o his_o great_a strength_n in_o pull_v a_o rope_n from_o four_o man_n make_v general_n of_o all_o the_o force_n throughout_o britain_n l._n 2._o p._n 89._o the_o british_a army_n elect_v he_o emperor_n and_o clothe_v he_o with_o the_o imperial_a purple_n id._n p._n 102._o but_o he_o be_v soon_o after_o deprive_v both_o of_o his_o life_n and_o empire_n id._n p._n 104_o 105._o gregory_n make_v bishop_n of_o rome_n in_o what_o year_n l._n 3._o p._n 149._o surname_v the_o great_a to_o who_o the_o english_a nation_n owe_v its_o conversion_n l._n 4._o p._n 152._o will_v have_v come_v himself_o to_o preach_v god_n word_n to_o the_o english_a but_o the_o citizen_n of_o rome_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n suffer_v he_o to_o go_v so_o far_o from_o they_o l._n 4._o p._n 153._o in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o pontificate_n he_o send_v augustine_n with_o many_o monk_n over_o to_o the_o britain_n to_o preach_v gospel_n to_o they_o call_v the_o emperor_n his_o lord_n and_o date_n his_o letter_n by_o the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o not_o that_o of_o his_o own_o l._n 3._o p._n 149._o l._n 4._o p._n 153_o 158._o his_o decease_n the_o account_n of_o his_o life_n may_v be_v read_v in_o bede_n id._n p._n 163_o 165._o griffyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n enter_v england_n spoil_v great_a part_n of_o herefordshire_n and_o carry_v away_o much_o booty_n l._n 6._o p._n 84_o 86_o 87._o the_o son_n of_o ratherch_n ap_fw-mi justin_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n against_o griffyth_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n and_o what_o the_o success_n id._n p._n 85._o a_o peace_n mediate_v between_o edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o this_o prince_n id._n p._n 87._o how_o he_o restore_v aelfgar_a to_o his_o earldom_n after_o he_o be_v a_o second_o time_n banish_v by_o king_n edward_n id._n p._n 88_o be_v slay_v by_o his_o own_o people_n and_o his_o head_n send_v to_o earl_n harold_n and_o the_o gild_a stern_n of_o his_o ship_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v carry_v to_o king_n edward_n id._n p._n 89._o griffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lewellin_n ap_fw-mi sitsylt_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n against_o prince_n jago_n of_o north-wales_n who_o soldier_n desert_v he_o he_o be_v soon_o overthrow_v and_o slay_v l._n 6._o p._n 64._o his_o good_a government_n afterward_o over_o those_o of_o north-wales_n and_o his_o total_a subduction_n of_o south-wales_n and_o his_o other_o conquest_n howel_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n narrow_o escape_v he_o but_o he_o take_v his_o wife_n prisoner_n who_o he_o like_v so_o well_o that_o he_o keep_v she_o for_o his_o mistress_n ibid._n he_o be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o surprise_n but_o be_v immediate_o rescue_v id._n p._n 70._o his_o engagement_n with_o ritherch_n and_o rees_n and_o the_o success_n thereof_o id._n p._n 71._o revenge_n the_o death_n of_o one_o hundred_o and_o forty_o of_o his_o best_a soldier_n treacherous_o kill_v by_o the_o gentleman_n of_o ystrad_n towy_n id._n p._n 73._o griffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madoc_n design_v to_o bring_v all_o wales_n etc._n etc._n under_o his_o subjection_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o prince_n edmund_n and_o edred_n who_o bring_v his_o head_n to_o their_o father_n l._n 5._o p._n 321._o st._n grimbald_n the_o university_n of_o oxford_n found_v in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o come_n over_o into_o england_n the_o difference_n between_o he_o and_o those_o he_o bring_v over_o with_o he_o and_o the_o old_a scholar_n who_o he_o find_v there_o l._n 5._o p._n 288_o 289_o 290_o 306._o st._n grimbald_n send_v for_o from_o france_n by_o king_n alfred_n to_o assist_v he_o in_o his_o learning_n l._n 5._o p._n 306._o his_o decease_n id._n p._n 312._o grime_n king_n of_o the_o scot_n refuse_v to_o pay_v part_n of_o a_o tribute_n to_o the_o dane_n which_o king_n ethelred_n demand_v of_o he_o have_v his_o country_n of_o cumberland_n lay_v almost_o waste_v l._n 6._o p._n 28._o grison_n make_v lucius_n to_o have_v be_v their_o apostle_n and_o first_o to_o have_v preach_v the_o gospel_n in_o their_o country_n and_o show_v his_o tomb_n at_o cloir_n at_o this_o day_n l._n 2._o p._n 70._o grymkyrel_n make_v upon_o the_o death_n of_o ethelric_n bishop_n of_o the_o south-saxons_a that_o be_v of_o selsey_n l._n 6._o p._n 65._o his_o decease_n id._n p._n 73._o guarinus_fw-la king_n of_o the_o huns_n l._n 2._o p._n 96._o geld_v that_o be_v tribute_n l._n 4._o p._n 187._o guendelew_n son_n of_o keidiaw_n a_o prince_n of_o the_o north_n part_n of_o britain_n l._n 3._o p._n 146._o gueniver_n vid._n glastenbury_n guiderac_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n be_v mould_n in_o flintshire_n in_o the_o english_a the_o place_n be_v call_v maes_n german_n that_o be_v german_n field_n where_o the_o britain_n get_v a_o great_a victory_n over_o the_o pict_n and_o saxon_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o germanus_n a_o french_a bishop_n l._n 2._o p._n 108_o 109._o guild_n or_o fraternity_n signify_v sometime_o such_o as_o be_v fellow-contributors_n to_o the_o same_o parish-feast_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o saint_n sometime_o such_o as_o be_v bind_v together_o in_o the_o same_o decennary_n or_o tything_n l._n 5._o p._n 294._o guintelin_n his_o character_n his_o virtuous_a wife_n maetia_n and_o his_o reign_n l._n 1._o p._n 13._o gunhilda_n cnute_n niece_n be_v his_o sister_n daughter_n marry_v hacun_fw-fr a_fw-fr danish_a earl_n l._n 6._o p._n 53._o hardecnute_n
saxonum_n paritèr_fw-la eligimus_fw-la benedictionum_fw-la tuarum_fw-la dona_fw-la multiplica_fw-la 140._o as_o also_o what_o follow_v in_o the_o same_o chapter_n in_o the_o blessing_n after_o the_o coronation_n in_o give_v he_o the_o sceptre_n benedic_n domine_fw-la hunc_fw-la pre-electum_a principem_fw-la qui_fw-la regna_fw-la omnium_fw-la regum_fw-la à _fw-la saeculo_fw-la moderaris_fw-la amen_n now_o from_o both_o these_o place_n above_o quote_v we_o may_v safe_o conclude_v that_o a_o election_n do_v most_o common_o precede_v the_o coronation_n of_o our_o english_a saxon_n king_n which_o i_o think_v be_v make_v so_o evident_a by_o these_o authority_n that_o it_o need_v no_o far_a enlargement_n nor_o shall_v i_o trouble_v myself_o about_o it_o be_v it_o not_o to_o expose_v the_o obstinacy_n of_o some_o man_n as_o well_o as_o to_o continue_v the_o series_n of_o this_o succession_n which_o perhaps_o will_v seem_v lame_a to_o other_o without_o it_o down_o to_o the_o conquest_n to_o go_v on_o therefore_o where_o we_o leave_v off_o after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n ethelred_n the_o saxon_a annal_n tell_v we_o that_o omnes_fw-la proceres_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o londonia_n erant_fw-la &_o cives_fw-la eligerunt_fw-la eadmundum_n in_fw-la regem_fw-la i._n e._n all_o the_o chief_a man_n or_o witan_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o saxon_a i._n e._n wise_a man_n that_o be_v at_o london_n and_o the_o citizen_n choose_v edmund_n for_o their_o king_n and_o yet_o he_o be_v his_o father_n elder_a son_n though_o whether_o legitimate_a or_o not_o be_v uncertain_a for_o we_o do_v not_o find_v any_o ancient_a author_n till_o after_o the_o conquest_n that_o mention_n ethelred_n be_v marry_v to_o the_o mother_n of_o this_o prince_n and_o if_o he_o be_v not_o this_o son_n of_o he_o can_v have_v no_o other_o title_n but_o election_n this_o be_v also_o confirm_v by_o ingulph_n who_o say_v cui_fw-la ethelredo_fw-la successit_fw-la in_fw-la regnum_fw-la londonensium_n &_o west-saxonum_n electione_n 5._o filius_fw-la ejus_fw-la primogenitus_fw-la edmundus_n etc._n etc._n i._n e._n edmund_n his_o elder_a son_n succeed_v his_o father_n ethelred_n by_o the_o election_n of_o the_o londoner_n and_o westsaxon_n in_o the_o kingdom_n but_o though_o our_o saxon_a annal_n be_v silent_a of_o it_o yet_o a_o ancient_a manuscript_n chronicle_n write_v about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conquest_n now_o in_o the_o cottonian_a library_n relate_v 7._o that_o about_o the_o same_o time_n that_o king_n edmund_n be_v thus_o elect_v episcopi_fw-la abbates_n quique_fw-la nobiliores_fw-la angliae_fw-la canutum_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la eligere_fw-la the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o several_a of_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o england_n choose_v cnute_n for_o their_o king_n which_o be_v also_o confirm_v by_o florence_n of_o worcester_n in_o these_o word_n under_o this_o very_a year_n post_fw-la cujus_fw-la mortem_fw-la maxima_fw-la pars_fw-la regni_fw-la tà m_fw-la clericorum_fw-la quam_fw-la laicorum_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la congregati_fw-la pari_fw-la consensu_fw-la cnutonem_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la eligerunt_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la eum_fw-la suthamptoniam_fw-la veniens_fw-la pacem_fw-la cum_fw-la eo_fw-la pepigerunt_fw-la &_o fidelitatem_fw-la jurabant_fw-la i._n e._n after_o who_o death_n viz._n of_o king_n ethelred_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o well_o of_o the_o clergy_n as_o laity_n be_v meet_v together_o choose_v cnute_n for_o their_o king_n and_o come_v to_o southampton_n make_v peace_n with_o he_o and_o swear_v fidelity_n but_o he_o there_o say_v nothing_o of_o his_o coronation_n these_o testimony_n concern_v ethelred_n and_o edmund_n be_v thus_o plain_a i_o confess_v dr._n brady_n have_v be_v so_o just_a as_o to_o cite_v they_o and_o fair_o to_o translate_v that_o passage_n in_o ingulph_n by_o the_o word_n election_n whereas_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v recognition_n if_o it_o have_v suit_v with_o his_o hypothesis_n as_o he_o do_v also_o that_o of_o florence_n of_o worcester_n render_v the_o word_n eligerunt_fw-la by_o choose_v he_o king_n if_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o true_a election_n in_o one_o case_n then_o sure_o it_o must_v be_v so_o in_o the_o other_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n but_o the_o nameless_a author_n of_o the_o great_a point_n of_o succession_n discuss_v though_o he_o do_v wilful_o conceal_v all_o the_o print_a authority_n above_o mention_v 5._o yet_o be_v hard_o press_v with_o this_o passage_n of_o king_n cnute_n have_v no_o other_o way_n to_o evade_v it_o but_o by_o say_v that_o canutus_n by_o the_o terror_n of_o his_o arm_n have_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o island_n at_o his_o devotion_n force_v they_o to_o acknowledge_v and_o receive_v he_o for_o their_o king_n which_o they_o be_v under_o a_o apparent_a force_n can_v not_o refuse_v to_o do_v the_o falseness_n of_o which_o assertion_n i_o will_v not_o go_v about_o to_o prove_v in_o this_o place_n but_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o ensue_a history_n where_o he_o 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he_o will_v let_v we_o know_v where_o be_v then_o the_o right_n of_o lineal_a succession_n when_o the_o people_n of_o england_n will_v fain_o have_v choose_v edward_n who_o can_v not_o be_v right_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n so_o long_o as_o the_o child_n of_o his_o elder_a brother_n be_v alive_a though_o then_o in_o exile_n nor_o can_v hardecnute_n have_v any_o right_n so_o long_o as_o harold_n his_o elder_a brother_n be_v alive_a who_o also_o as_o our_o historian_n relate_v his_o father_n have_v appoint_v successor_n at_o his_o death_n though_o whether_o that_o be_v true_a or_o no_o be_v much_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o the_o author_n of_o the_o aforementioned_a great_a point_n of_o succession_n etc._n etc._n to_o evade_v this_o proof_n of_o harold_n election_n will_v have_v all_o this_o point_n in_o controversy_n to_o have_v be_v who_o have_v the_o most_o right_o and_o best_a title_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o those_o two_o harold_n or_o hardecnute_n and_o that_o earl_n godwin_n object_v 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at_o westminster_n before_o our_o late_a civil_a war_n in_o a_o box_n upon_o who_o cover_n be_v this_o inscription_n 158._o haec_fw-la est_fw-la principalior_fw-la corona_n cum_fw-la qua_fw-la coronabantur_fw-la reges_fw-la aelfredus_fw-la edwardus_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o have_v be_v the_o crown_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n it_o be_v very_o easy_a for_o the_o monk_n of_o that_o church_n who_o keep_v those_o regalia_z in_o after_o time_n to_o inscribe_v what_o they_o please_v upon_o this_o box_n since_o it_o add_v so_o much_o to_o the_o antiquity_n and_o reputation_n of_o this_o crown_n and_o i_o be_o the_o more_o incline_v to_o this_o opinion_n because_o i_o find_v king_n cnute_n and_o edward_n the_o confessor_n to_o be_v the_o first_o king_n who_o wear_v diadem_n adorn_v with_o flower-de-lices_a as_o appear_v by_o their_o coin_n i_o shall_v in_o the_o next_o place_n say_v somewhat_o of_o the_o title_n by_o which_o our_o west-saxon_a king_n style_v themselves_o in_o their_o law_n and_o charter_n and_o to_o begin_v with_o king_n egbert_n however_o supreme_a he_o be_v over_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o king_n then_o reign_v in_o england_n yet_o we_o can_v find_v that_o he_o style_v himself_o more_o than_o rex_fw-la west-saxonum_n in_o any_o of_o his_o charter_n for_o as_o for_o law_n we_o have_v none_o of_o he_o leave_v we_o the_o like_a i_o may_v say_v for_o his_o successor_n ethelwolf_n and_o his_o son_n and_o grandson_n as_o far_o as_o king_n athelstan_n who_o for_o aught_o i_o can_v find_v be_v the_o first_o prince_n that_o upon_o his_o victory_n over_o the_o dane_n and_o scot_n change_v his_o title_n of_o rex_n west-saxonum_n or_o anglorum_fw-la alone_o which_o be_v use_v by_o his_o predecessor_n to_o this_o that_o follow_v ego_fw-la aethelstanus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la per_fw-la omnipotentis_fw-la dextram_fw-la totius_fw-la britanniae_fw-la regno_fw-la sublimatus_fw-la as_o you_o will_v find_v it_o in_o his_o charter_n in_o william_n of_o 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and_o bellhouse_n the_o bellhouse_n may_v denote_v the_o hall_n which_o be_v the_o place_n of_o ordinary_a diet_n and_o entertainment_n in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n it_o may_v well_o so_o signify_v if_o the_o saxon_n use_v the_o like_a reason_n in_o impose_v the_o name_n on_o the_o lord_n hall_n as_o some_o say_v the_o italian_a spanish_a and_o french_a have_v do_v in_o call_v it_o tinello_n tinello_n and_o tinel_n which_o in_o our_o law_n also_o be_v retain_v in_o tinel_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr for_o the_o king_n hall_n they_o will_v have_v it_o therefore_o so_o name_v because_o the_o tin_n or_o tinkle_a of_o a_o bell_n at_o the_o time_n of_o dinner_n and_o supper_n be_v signify_v by_o it_o but_o sundernota_n mention_v in_o the_o latin_a copy_n of_o this_o law_n seem_v to_o denote_v the_o distinct_a office_n which_o he_o be_v to_o hold_v in_o the_o king_n court_n to_o make_v he_o equal_a to_o a_o thane_n and_o it_o be_v also_o observable_a that_o by_o the_o same_o law_n of_o king_n 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the_o thracian_a cohort_n who_o lie_v there_o in_o garrison_n with_o the_o roman_n but_o lupus_n hear_v that_o severus_n have_v at_o last_o put_v a_o end_n to_o his_o other_o war_n he_o write_v he_o plain_o the_o state_n of_o thing_n here_o that_o the_o britain_n of_o the_o north_n make_v war_n upon_o he_o break_v into_o the_o province_n and_o harrass_v all_o the_o country_n nigh_o they_o that_o there_o need_v sudden_o either_o more_o aid_n or_o himself_o to_o come_v in_o person_n severus_n be_v not_o much_o displease_v at_o this_o news_n be_v in_o his_o own_o nature_n greedy_a of_o glory_n 3._o and_o be_v also_o desirous_a after_o so_o many_o victory_n in_o the_o east_n to_o raise_v also_o new_a trophy_n for_o the_o britain_n and_o beside_o he_o think_v at_o best_a to_o withdraw_v his_o two_o son_n from_o the_o pleasure_n of_o rome_n and_o inure_v the_o young_a man_n to_o hardship_n and_o military_a discipline_n so_o this_o emperor_n though_o old_a and_o much_o trouble_v with_o the_o 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the_o britain_n and_o have_v pass_v the_o wall_n that_o divide_v their_o territory_n there_o only_o happen_v some_o tumultuary_a skirmish_n in_o which_o tho'_o the_o roman_n be_v still_o conqueror_n yet_o the_o britain_n find_v a_o easy_a retreat_n by_o hide_v themselves_o in_o the_o wood_n and_o bog_n which_o be_v well_o know_v to_o they_o which_o contribute_v very_o much_o to_o prolong_v the_o war._n yet_o do_v not_o severus_n desist_v till_o he_o have_v pass_v to_o the_o very_o far_a part_n of_o the_o island_n and_o have_v compel_v the_o enemy_n to_o make_v peace_n upon_o this_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v give_v up_o great_a part_n of_o their_o territory_n although_o he_o lose_v in_o this_o expedition_n by_o the_o sudden_a assault_n and_o ambush_n of_o the_o britain_n as_o well_o as_o by_o disease_n near_o
fifty_o thousand_o soldier_n which_o be_v also_o confirm_v by_o 76._o dion_n who_o further_o tell_v we_o that_o he_o fight_v no_o set_a battle_n nor_o yet_o see_v any_o force_n of_o the_o enemy_n in_o battle_n array_n but_o that_o they_o do_v often_o leave_v their_o sheep_n and_o ox_n on_o purpose_n that_o the_o roman_n go_v out_o of_o the_o way_n to_o seize_v they_o may_v be_v the_o more_o easy_o take_v and_o overcome_v beside_o all_o this_o the_o want_n of_o water_n much_o trouble_v the_o roman_n and_o ambush_n be_v lay_v for_o those_o that_o go_v about_o straggle_v to_o find_v it_o and_o when_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o march_v any_o further_a for_o want_v of_o it_o they_o be_v kill_v by_o their_o fellow_n soldier_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v take_v by_o the_o enemy_n but_o in_o this_o expedition_n the_o wicked_a carriage_n of_o bassianus_n give_v severus_n perpetual_a trouble_n not_o only_o because_o he_o live_v debauched_o but_o also_o for_o that_o it_o be_v evident_a as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v power_n he_o will_v kill_v his_o brother_n and_o have_v also_o make_v some_o attempt_n against_o severus_n himself_o for_o he_o run_v once_o all_o of_o a_o sudden_a out_o of_o his_o tent_n cry_v out_o that_o he_o be_v much_o injure_v by_o castor_n who_o be_v the_o worthy_a man_n in_o severus_n court_n and_o be_v privy_a to_o his_o most_o secret_a council_n be_v the_o chief_a of_o his_o bedchamber_n the_o same_o with_o the_o lord_n chamberlain_n with_o we_o now_o there_o be_v before_o ready_a prepare_v some_o soldier_n on_o purpose_n who_o upon_o bassianus_n thus_o cry_v out_o come_v to_o his_o assistance_n and_o as_o herodian_a say_v proclaim_v he_o augustus_n whereupon_o severus_n immediate_o make_v himself_o to_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o tribunal_n and_o have_v order_v all_o those_o officer_n and_o soldier_n who_o have_v be_v engage_v in_o this_o action_n as_o also_o his_o son_n who_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o name_n of_o augustus_n to_o appear_v before_o he_o he_o command_v they_o all_o except_v his_o son_n to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n when_o they_o all_o beg_a pardon_n for_o their_o offence_n fall_v down_o prostrate_a before_o he_o upon_o which_o he_o pardon_v they_o then_o touch_v his_o own_o head_n with_o his_o hand_n say_v at_o last_n you_o will_v find_v that_o it_o be_v a_o man_n head_n and_o not_o his_o foot_n that_o govern_v but_o dion_n say_v he_o do_v put_v some_o of_o the_o most_o seditious_a of_o they_o to_o death_n who_o also_o further_o relate_v that_o at_o another_o time_n when_o both_o the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n be_v march_v together_o into_o caledonia_n bassianus_n do_v open_o endeavour_v to_o kill_v his_o father_n for_o as_o they_o ride_v at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o army_n the_o enemy_n force_n be_v in_o sight_n he_o stop_v his_o horse_n and_o private_o draw_v his_o sword_n that_o he_o may_v run_v his_o father_n into_o the_o back_n which_o when_o those_o perceive_v who_o follow_v they_o they_o present_o cry_v out_o at_o which_o bassianus_n be_v startle_v stop_v his_o blow_n but_o severus_n thereupon_o turn_v about_o see_v his_o sword_n draw_v yet_o then_o say_v nothing_o but_o return_v to_o the_o camp_n go_v into_o the_o praetorium_n and_o there_o call_v before_o he_o his_o son_n together_o with_o papinian_n and_o castor_n then_o command_v the_o naked_a sword_n to_o be_v lay_v before_o they_o he_o sharp_o reprove_v he_o that_o not_o only_o now_o in_o the_o sight_n of_o his_o army_n cxcviii_o but_o also_o at_o other_o time_n he_o have_v attempt_v so_o great_a a_o wickedness_n conclude_v thus_o if_o thou_o desire_v to_o kill_v i_o kill_v i_o now_o for_o thou_o be_v young_a and_o in_o full_a strength_n and_o i_o be_o old_a and_o can_v scarce_o stir_v which_o if_o thou_o refuse_v to_o do_v with_o thy_o own_o hand_n here_o be_v papinian_n our_o perfect_a who_o thou_o may_v command_v to_o kill_v i_o for_o he_o will_v do_v what_o ever_o thou_o bid_v he_o since_o thou_o be_v already_o emperor_n tho'_o severus_n say_v all_o this_o he_o do_v no_o more_o to_o his_o son_n notwithstanding_o he_o have_v often_o blame_v marcus_n aurelius_n that_o he_o have_v not_o put_v his_o son_n commodus_n to_o death_n but_o severus_n say_v this_o only_a in_o his_o passion_n for_o his_o son_n be_v dear_a to_o he_o than_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n tho'_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o do_v as_o good_a as_o sacrifice_v his_o young_a son_n to_o the_o elder_a since_o he_o may_v easy_o guess_v what_o will_v happen_v when_o ever_o he_o shall_v die_v herodian_a confirm_v the_o same_o story_n and_o that_o though_o several_a grave_a and_o wise_a man_n have_v persuade_v he_o to_o put_v his_o son_n to_o death_n yet_o he_o refuse_v it_o too_o much_o indulge_v his_o paternal_a affection_n the_o war_n be_v thus_o happy_o end_v severus_n in_o memory_n of_o these_o victory_n cause_v coin_n to_o be_v stamp_v with_o this_o inscription_n victoria_fw-la britannica_fw-la and_o upon_o the_o frontier_n of_o what_o he_o have_v now_o conquer_a build_v a_o wall_n across_o the_o island_n from_o sea_n to_o sea_n which_o our_o author_n judge_n to_o have_v be_v the_o most_o magnificent_a of_o all_o his_o undertake_n 7._o and_o that_o he_o thence_o receive_v the_o style_n of_o britannicus_n it_o be_v in_o length_n 132_o mile_n orosius_n make_v it_o fortify_v with_o a_o deep_a trench_n and_o at_o certain_a space_n by_o many_o tower_n xxvii_o buchanan_n in_o his_o history_n of_o scotland_n will_v needs_o place_v it_o in_o scotland_n between_o the_o frith_n of_o bodotria_n and_o glotta_n in_o the_o same_o place_n which_o lollius_n urbicus_n and_o agricola_n have_v fortify_v before_o whilst_o britan._n mr._n camden_n affirm_v it_o to_o be_v only_a hadâ—ianus's_n wall_n re-edify_v and_o which_o pass_v through_o the_o high_a part_n of_o cumberland_n between_o the_o river_n tine_n and_o eske_n and_o bring_v very_o good_a authorty_n for_o this_o opinion_n out_o of_o the_o roman_a author_n as_o well_o as_o inscription_n near_o the_o say_a wall_n in_o which_o the_o name_n of_o severus_n be_v particular_o mention_v which_o wall_n be_v call_v by_o the_o english_a the_o pict_n wall_n by_o the_o britain_n gual_n sever_n and_o by_o the_o scot_n mur_n sever_n all_o which_o denomination_n do_v manifest_o denote_v the_o name_n of_o its_o founder_n whereas_o the_o name_n of_o greame_n dike_n by_o which_o the_o present_a scot_n call_v the_o ruin_n of_o that_o wall_n or_o trench_n which_o be_v still_o to_o be_v see_v in_o scotland_n do_v no_o way_n denote_v severus_n to_o have_v be_v its_o founder_n there_o be_v also_o another_o argument_n that_o this_o be_v the_o place_n where_o he_o build_v this_o wall_n we_o now_o treat_v of_o for_o between_o dun_n britton_n and_o edinburgh_n frith_n although_o there_o be_v many_o ruin_n of_o continue_a fortification_n 959._o yet_o be_v they_o not_o so_o visible_a as_o this_o of_o we_o nor_o do_v the_o wall_n in_o scotland_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v of_o that_o strength_n and_o solidity_n as_o this_o of_o severus_n be_v relate_v by_o all_o author_n and_o as_o by_o its_o ruin_n still_o appear_v to_o be_v but_o the_o former_a wall_n or_o trench_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v only_o face_v with_o stone_n about_o two_o foot_n thick_a and_o then_o line_v within_o with_o earth_n there_o be_v also_o divers_a other_o argument_n to_o prove_v it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o hadrian_n there_o build_v before_o as_o first_o the_o number_n of_o miles_n which_o spartianus_n have_v true_o reckon_v to_o be_v eighty_o whereas_o between_o edinburgh_n and_o dunbritton_n there_o be_v not_o half_a that_o distance_n but_o if_o any_o shall_v object_v that_o eutropius_n have_v reckon_v the_o length_n thereof_o to_o be_v but_o thirty_o five_o mile_n and_o aurelius_n victor_n thirty_o two_o yet_o how_o even_o this_o can_v agree_v with_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o frith_n of_o edinburgh_n and_o dunbritton_n let_v they_o consider_v who_o maintain_v this_o opinion_n since_o even_o that_o will_v not_o agree_v with_o the_o distance_n between_o those_o two_o river_n and_o tho'_o it_o be_v true_a that_o aurelius_n victor_n one_o of_o the_o most_o authentic_a author_n that_o write_v of_o this_o matter_n make_v the_o space_n that_o this_o wall_n extend_v itself_o between_o the_o two_o sea_n to_o be_v 30_o mile_n and_o eutropius_n 35_o cxcviii_o whilst_o some_o late_a author_n have_v stretch_v it_o to_o 132_o mile_n yet_o archbishop_n usher_n in_o his_o learned_a work_n already_o cite_v xv_o have_v show_v we_o that_o these_o different_a account_n may_v be_v reconcile_v by_o suppose_v that_o both_o victor_n and_o eutropius_n at_o first_o writ_n lxxxii_o mile_n in_o roman_a figure_n and_o that_o afterward_o by_o the_o carelessness_n of_o some_o transcriber_n the_o l._n be_v leave_v out_o
empire_n among_o his_o three_o son_n constantinus_n cccxvii_o constans_n and_o constantius_n to_o the_o elder_a he_o give_v britain_n france_n and_o spain_n with_o part_n of_o germany_n but_o he_o not_o content_a with_o his_o share_n in_o the_o empire_n though_o most_o considerable_a invade_v the_o right_n and_o possession_n of_o his_o brother_n constans_n 20._o and_o be_v by_o he_o slay_v he_o be_v report_v to_o have_v be_v kill_v by_o his_o brother_n general_n near_o to_o the_o city_n of_o aquileia_n in_o italy_n whereupon_o constans_n his_o brother_n seize_v upon_o his_o dominion_n cccxl_o and_o together_o with_o his_o brother_n constantius_n though_o in_o winter_n time_n sail_v into_o britain_n that_o they_o may_v quiet_v the_o commotion_n of_o the_o northern_a britain_n as_o libanius_n and_o julius_n firmicus_n witness_n ibid._n but_o as_o for_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n in_o this_o emperor_n reign_n the_o council_n of_o sardica_n be_v call_v by_o these_o emperor_n anno_fw-la dom._n 347_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o bishop_n of_o britain_n appear_v there_o as_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o athanasius_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o second_o apology_n against_o the_o arrian_n but_o magnentius_n who_o father_n be_v a_o britain_n conspire_v against_o this_o emperor_n and_o have_v beset_v he_o in_o a_o town_n in_o gaul_n cccxlix_o call_v helena_n as_o he_o be_v hunt_v thereabouts_o with_o a_o small_a retinue_n there_o slay_v he_o whereupon_o basilic_a though_o the_o western_a empire_n oâ—ght_n by_o right_a to_o have_v fall_v to_o constantius_n yet_o magnentius_n have_v possess_v himself_o of_o it_o and_o have_v draw_v in_o the_o britain_n to_o side_n with_o he_o in_o his_o rebellion_n he_o maintain_v it_o for_o three_o year_n against_o constantius_n the_o success_n at_o first_o be_v various_a but_o at_o last_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o revolt_n be_v pretty_a well_o over_o and_o constantius_n still_o by_o degree_n increase_v upon_o he_o he_o be_v no_o long_o able_a to_o hold_v up_o his_o head_n so_o that_o at_o last_o he_o slay_v himself_o at_o lion_n the_o peaceable_a possession_n of_o this_o part_n of_o britain_n be_v thereupon_o leave_v to_o constantius_n about_o this_o time_n the_o general_n of_o all_o the_o force_n throughout_o britain_n be_v gratianus_n surname_v funarius_n tiranicum_n from_o his_o great_a strength_n in_o pull_v a_o rope_n from_o four_o man_n tho'_o not_o long_o after_o this_o as_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n relate_v one_o paulus_n a_o notary_n be_v send_v into_o britain_n 14._o that_o he_o may_v inquire_v what_o military_a man_n be_v engage_v in_o the_o rebellion_n of_o magnentius_n many_o of_o who_o he_o malicious_o prosecute_v carry_v away_o like_o a_o flood_n the_o fortune_n of_o divers_a innocent_a man_n imprison_v the_o freeborn_a subject_n and_o put_v other_o into_o iron_n and_o fetter_n heap_v together_o false_a accusation_n against_o they_o by_o which_o severity_n he_o commit_v such_o great_a oppression_n as_o cast_v a_o eternal_a blot_n on_o the_o reign_n of_o constantius_n who_o support_v he_o in_o his_o cruelty_n but_o one_o martinus_n then_o govern_v those_o province_n as_o praefect_n grievous_o lament_v the_o suffering_n of_o these_o innocent_a man_n often_o beseech_v he_o that_o he_o will_v spare_v they_o who_o when_o he_o can_v not_o prevail_v threaten_v that_o he_o will_v depart_v hence_o hope_v that_o this_o malicious_a inquisitor_n may_v at_o last_o cease_v from_o his_o so_o violent_a prosecution_n but_o paulus_n fear_v his_o trade_n may_v by_o this_o mean_n decay_v be_v cruel_o artificial_a in_o frame_v of_o counterfeit_n plot_n from_o whence_o he_o obtain_v this_o surname_n of_o catena_n bring_v the_o praefect_n himself_o into_o a_o participiation_n of_o those_o very_a danger_n resolve_v to_o send_v he_o with_o divers_a tribune_n and_o prisoner_n to_o the_o empâ—rour_n with_o which_o the_o praefect_n be_v provoke_v endeavour_v to_o stab_n paâ—lus_n but_o miss_v his_o pass_n he_o thrust_v the_o same_o sword_n into_o his_o own_o body_n and_o so_o unfortunate_o perish_v this_o honest_a man_n who_o lose_v his_o life_n in_o try_v to_o relieve_v the_o miserable_a fortune_n of_o other_o all_o which_o thing_n be_v thus_o wicked_o perform_v paulus_n stain_v with_o innocent_a blood_n return_v to_o the_o emperor_n presence_n against_o who_o come_v with_o his_o prisoner_n all_o sort_n of_o torture_n and_o executioner_n be_v prepare_v so_o that_o many_o of_o they_o be_v proscribe_v and_o outlawed_a some_o banish_v and_o other_o most_o cruel_o put_v to_o death_n but_o god_n some_o year_n after_o just_o punish_v this_o villain_n when_o by_o the_o command_n of_o julian_n the_o emperor_n he_o be_v burn_v alive_a sometime_o after_o this_o the_o council_n of_o arimium_n be_v call_v by_o constantius_n ccclix_o be_v the_o most_o numerous_a that_o ever_o have_v yet_o appear_v as_o consist_v of_o above_o four_o hundred_o bishop_n both_o of_o the_o eastern_a and_o western_a church_n 4._o and_o in_o which_o council_n ccclix_o by_o the_o emperor_n be_v long_a detain_v the_o bishop_n against_o their_o will_n till_o they_o be_v quite_o tire_v out_o the_o major_a part_n of_o they_o be_v force_v to_o subscribe_v the_o new_a creed_n make_v not_o long_o before_o at_o the_o pretend_a council_n of_o syrmium_fw-la wherein_o the_o word_n omoousios_n be_v omit_v the_o son_n of_o god_n be_v declare_v only_o to_o be_v omoiousios_n i_o e._n of_o like_a substance_n with_o the_o father_n i_o have_v be_v the_o more_o particular_a as_o to_o this_o council_n in_o respect_n to_o the_o bishop_n send_v from_o britain_n to_o who_o as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o rest_n sulpicius_n severus_n tell_v we_o the_o emperor_n allow_v all_o sort_n of_o provision_n which_o seem_v undecent_a to_o the_o aquitanian_a gallic_a and_o british_a bishop_n to_o accept_v of_o who_o therefore_o refuse_v the_o public_a allowance_n choose_v rather_o to_o live_v at_o their_o own_o charge_n only_o three_o bishop_n of_o britain_n for_o want_n of_o revenue_n be_v force_v to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o public_a stipend_n when_o they_o have_v refuse_v a_o contribution_n offer_v they_o by_o the_o rest_n think_v it_o more_o honourable_a for_o a_o public_a service_n to_o subsist_v on_o the_o public_a treasury_n than_o to_o be_v burdensome_a to_o private_a man_n and_o this_o must_v be_v say_v in_o commendation_n of_o most_o of_o the_o western_a bishop_n that_o notwithstanding_o their_o be_v out_o voted_n yet_o if_o athanasius_n tell_v true_a in_o a_o letter_n he_o write_v to_o the_o emperor_n jovian_a the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o still_o persist_v in_o the_o faith_n profess_v by_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a but_o to_o return_v again_o to_o civil_a affair_n from_o whence_o we_o have_v make_v too_o long_o a_o digression_n about_o these_o time_n alypius_n a_o heathen_a be_v lieutenant_n of_o britain_n who_o afterward_o bestow_v much_o labour_n tho'_o in_o vain_a to_o rebuild_v the_o temple_n of_o jerusalem_n but_o the_o year_n follow_v this_o council_n ammianus_n macellinus_n relate_v xx._n that_o the_o fierce_a nation_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n combine_v together_o break_v the_o peace_n waste_v all_o place_n near_o the_o border_n by_o a_o cruel_a incursion_n so_o that_o the_o fear_n of_o it_o terrify_v the_o other_o province_n already_o weary_v out_o with_o a_o continue_a succession_n of_o so_o many_o calamity_n ccclx_o but_o julian_n then_o late_o make_v caesar_n who_o be_v afterward_o emperor_n winter_v then_o at_o paris_n hear_v this_o ill_a news_n be_v distract_v in_o his_o thought_n what_o to_o do_v fear_v to_o leave_v gaul_n to_o the_o almain_n then_o prepare_v for_o war_n therefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o send_v lupicinus_n at_o that_o time_n keeper_n of_o the_o arm_n and_o warlike_a store_n into_o this_o island_n to_o compose_v these_o trouble_n be_v a_o man_n warlike_a and_o well_o skilled_a in_o military_a affair_n but_o of_o a_o haughty_a boast_a humour_n 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supply_n against_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n that_o then_o invade_v they_o yet_o they_o differ_v about_o the_o time_n i_o shall_v therefore_o first_o take_v notice_n what_o bede_n say_v concern_v this_o matter_n who_o make_v gratianus_n municeps_fw-la to_o be_v set_v up_o two_o year_n before_o the_o sack_n of_o rome_n by_o alaric_n which_o happen_v anno_fw-la dom._n 410_o and_o he_o also_o therein_o follow_v orosius_n relation_n concern_v constantine_n and_o his_o son_n constans_n without_o ever_o mention_v their_o continue_n to_o govern_v here_o and_o much_o less_o lose_v their_o life_n in_o britain_n as_o nennius_n false_o suppose_v but_o than_o he_o apply_v that_o passage_n in_o gildas_n concern_v that_o lamentable_a condition_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o there_o first_o demand_v help_n from_o the_o roman_n to_o the_o time_n immediate_o follow_v the_o death_n of_o constantine_n whereas_o gildas_n indeed_o mention_n it_o as_o happen_v upon_o the_o usurpation_n of_o maximus_n and_o his_o withdraw_v the_o force_n from_o hence_o and_o that_o therefore_o this_o first_o invasion_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n be_v between_o the_o death_n of_o maximus_n and_o the_o set_n up_o of_o gratianus_n municeps_fw-la when_o the_o britain_n so_o earnest_o sue_v for_o assistance_n have_v a_o roman_a governor_n and_o a_o legion_n send_v to_o their_o relief_n and_o mr._n camden_n in_o his_o introduction_n to_o his_o britannia_n suppose_n that_o claudius_n rutilius_n mention_n victorinus_n as_o a_o roman_a governor_n here_o about_o that_o time_n but_o this_o be_v very_o uncertain_a when_o he_o there_o only_o speak_v of_o the_o take_a tholouse_n by_o the_o goth_n which_o be_v do_v by_o ataulphus_n some_o time_n after_o the_o death_n of_o alaric_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v before_o the_o time_n of_o gratian_n and_o constantine_n now_o that_o the_o first_o supply_n that_o be_v send_v over_o into_o britain_n be_v all_o of_o they_o send_v before_o the_o death_n of_o stilico_n 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be_v uncertain_a ccccxxxv_n yet_o between_o the_o year_n 402_o and_o 406_o pelagius_n a_o british_a monk_n who_o welsh_a name_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v morgan_n as_o be_v of_o the_o same_o signification_n with_o the_o latin_a name_n of_o pelagius_n broach_v his_o heresy_n 8._o for_o absolute_a free_a will_n without_o the_o assist_a grace_n of_o god_n which_o opinion_n be_v afterward_o condemn_v by_o divers_a council_n in_o france_n and_o africa_n and_o be_v also_o confute_v by_o st._n augustine_n about_o which_o time_n also_o flourish_v festidus_fw-la a_o learned_a bishop_n if_o not_o a_o archbishop_n of_o britain_n who_o write_v a_o pious_a treatise_n de_fw-fr vita_fw-la beata_fw-la and_o who_o by_o some_o late_a romish_a writer_n have_v be_v accuse_v of_o pelagianism_n from_o which_o imputation_n he_o be_v just_o vindicate_v by_o the_o say_v reverend_a dr._n stillingfleet_n in_o his_o above_o cite_a work_n 4._o nor_o do_v this_o island_n remain_v long_o free_a from_o this_o 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and_o the_o charter_n of_o that_o king_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n be_v confirm_v under_o the_o rule_n of_o st._n benedict_n and_o be_v suppose_v by_o sir_n h._n spelman_n in_o his_o council_n to_o be_v a_o great_a council_n of_o that_o kingdom_n because_o it_o bear_v date_n in_o the_o week_n of_o easter_n when_o they_o be_v assemble_v about_o the_o public_a affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n at_o which_o time_n as_o also_o at_o whitsuntide_n and_o christmas_n the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v wont_n of_o course_n to_o attend_v at_o the_o king_n court_n to_o consult_v and_o ordain_v what_o shall_v be_v necessary_a for_o the_o common_a good_a when_o also_o the_o king_n use_v to_o appear_v in_o state_n with_o his_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n which_o custom_n of_o hold_v great_a council_n be_v also_o continue_v after_o the_o norman_a conquest_n to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o as_o sir_n h._n spelman_n learned_o observe_v in_o his_o 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land_n in_o those_o day_n and_o which_o it_o seem_v require_v the_o solemnity_n of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o that_o kingdom_n to_o confirm_v it_o the_o same_o year_n also_o according_a to_o florence_n berthulph_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n decease_v and_o burhed_n succeed_v he_o who_o this_o next_o year_n together_o with_o his_o wites_z that_o be_v the_o wise_a man_n of_o his_o great_a council_n dcccliii_o desire_v king_n aethelwulf_n that_o he_o will_v assist_v they_o to_o subdue_v the_o northern_a welshman_n which_o he_o perform_v and_o march_v with_o his_o army_n through_o mercia_n make_v the_o man_n of_o mean_v north-wales_n subject_n to_o king_n burhed_n but_o of_o this_o the_o welsh_a chronicle_n be_v silent_a this_o year_n also_o king_n aethelwulf_n send_v his_o son_n aelfr_v to_o pope_n leo_n to_o rome_n who_o there_o anoint_v he_o king_n and_o adopt_v he_o for_o his_o episcopal_a son_n it_o be_v much_o dispute_v among_o some_o of_o our_o modern_a historian_n of_o what_o the_o pope_n anoint_v alfred_n king_n whether_o of_o any_o present_a or_o else_o future_a dominion_n but_o since_o a_o ancient_a manuscript_n in_o the_o cottonian_a library_n contain_v a_o history_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n say_v express_o that_o he_o be_v anoint_v in_o successorem_fw-la paterni_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o that_o we_o do_v not_o read_v of_o any_o territory_n king_n alfred_n enjoy_v till_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o brethren_n it_o be_v most_o reasonable_a to_o understand_v it_o in_o the_o plain_a literal_a sense_n as_o it_o be_v here_o set_v down_o not_o only_o in_o these_o annal_n but_o in_o asser_n account_n of_o this_o king_n life_n and_o action_n that_o the_o pope_n anoint_v he_o king_n as_o a_o prophetical_a presage_v of_o his_o future_a royal_a dignity_n and_o the_o same_o year_n ealcher_n with_o the_o kentish-man_n and_o huda_n with_o the_o surrey-man_n fight_v with_o the_o danish_a army_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n and_o at_o first_o have_v the_o 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the_o west_n saxon_n with_o the_o council_n or_o consent_n of_o my_o bishop_n and_o chief_a man_n etc._n etc._n have_v consent_v that_o a_o certain_a hereditary_a part_n of_o the_o land_n heretofore_o possess_v by_o all_o order_n and_o degree_n of_o person_n whether_o man_n or_o woman_n servant_n of_o god_n i._n e._n monk_n or_o nun_n or_o mere_a laic_n shall_v give_v their_o ten_o mansion_n and_o where_o it_o be_v least_o the_o ten_o part_n of_o all_o their_o good_n free_a and_o discharge_v of_o all_o secular_a servitude_n and_o particular_o of_o all_o royal_a tribute_n or_o taxation_n as_o well_o the_o great_a as_o the_o less_o which_o they_o call_v wittereden_n which_o signify_v a_o certain_a fine_a or_o forfeiture_n and_o that_o they_o be_v free_a from_o all_o other_o thing_n as_o expedition_n build_v of_o a_o bridge_n dcccliv_o or_o fortify_v of_o a_o castle_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o they_o may_v the_o more_o diligent_o pour_v out_o their_o prayer_n to_o god_n for_o we_o without_o cease_v we_o do_v in_o some_o part_n discharge_v their_o other_o service_n these_o thing_n be_v do_v in_o winchester_n in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n peter_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n incarnation_n 855_o the_o three_o indiction_n on_o the_o nones_n of_o november_n before_o the_o great_a altar_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o glorious_a virgin_n mary_n the_o mother_n of_o god_n st._n michael_n the_o archangel_n and_o st._n peter_n prince_n of_o the_o apostle_n as_o also_o of_o our_o bless_a father_n pope_n gregory_n all_o the_o arch-bishop_n and_o bishop_n of_o england_n be_v present_a and_o subscribe_v to_o it_o as_o also_o beorhed_n king_n of_o mercia_n together_o with_o the_o abbot_n abbess_n earl_n and_o other_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n with_o a_o infinite_a multitude_n of_o other_o believer_n who_o all_o of_o they_o have_v witness_v and_o consent_v to_o the_o royal_a grant_n but_o the_o dignitary_n have_v thereunto_o subscribe_v their_o name_n but_o as_o ingulph_n relate_v king_n aethelwulf_n for_o the_o great_a firmness_n thereof_o offer_v this_o charter_n at_o the_o altar_n of_o st._n peter_n at_o rome_n but_o that_o the_o bishop_n receive_v it_o in_o the_o faith_n of_o god_n and_o transmit_v it_o to_o be_v publish_v throughout_o all_o the_o church_n in_o their_o several_a diocese_n tho'_o this_o grant_v of_o tithe_n be_v mention_v by_o the_o annal_n as_o to_o be_v make_v before_o the_o king_n be_v go_v to_o rome_n yet_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o date_n as_o also_o from_o asser_n and_o ingulph_n not_o to_o have_v be_v do_v till_o after_o his_o return_n from_o thence_o which_o make_v sir_n h._n spelman_n conjecture_n and_o not_o without_o good_a ground_n that_o this_o grant_n be_v twice_o make_v once_o before_o his_o go_v to_o rome_n it_o be_v there_o confirm_v by_o the_o pope_n and_o be_v also_o regranted_a by_o a_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n after_o his_o return_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o charter_n here_o recite_v 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shall_v then_o be_v deprive_v both_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o life_n to_o which_o the_o king_n answer_v that_o he_o will_v never_o renounce_v the_o vow_n he_o have_v make_v in_o baptism_n and_o be_v make_v king_n by_o the_o general_n consent_v of_o the_o whole_a people_n he_o be_v resolve_v never_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o common-weal_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n nor_o ever_o to_o submit_v his_o neck_n to_o any_o yoke_n but_o that_o of_o christ_n who_o example_n he_o now_o intend_v to_o imitate_v and_o by_o his_o grace_n will_v suffer_v for_o his_o name_n and_o so_o he_o bid_v the_o messenger_n return_v and_o tell_v this_o to_o his_o master_n it_o seem_v the_o king_n have_v no_o soon_o finish_v what_o he_o have_v to_o say_v but_o as_o the_o messenger_n be_v go_v back_o with_o this_o answer_n hinguar_n himself_o meet_v he_o to_o who_o have_v tell_v what_o the_o king_n have_v say_v he_o immediate_o command_v his_o man_n to_o enter_v the_o palace_n and_o to_o lay_v hold_n of_o none_o but_o the_o king_n and_o he_o be_v there_o soon_o find_v be_v immediate_o tie_v and_o bring_v before_o the_o captain_n who_o command_v he_o first_o to_o be_v cruel_o beat_v and_o then_o bind_v to_o a_o neighbour_a tree_n to_o be_v inhuman_o whip_v all_o which_o he_o manful_o endure_v still_o call_v on_o the_o name_n of_o christ_n whereat_o his_o enemy_n be_v enrage_v in_o a_o most_o barbarous_a manner_n shoot_v his_o body_n so_o full_a of_o arrow_n that_o it_o seem_v capable_a of_o receive_v no_o more_o yet_o none_o of_o the_o wound_n kill_v he_o outright_o hinguar_n at_o last_o command_v one_o of_o his_o soldier_n to_o cut_v off_o his_o head_n which_o our_o author_n describe_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o monkish_a eloquence_n this_o be_v do_v and_o leave_v his_o body_n there_o they_o carry_v away_o the_o head_n along_o with_o they_o that_o so_o it_o may_v not_o be_v bury_v with_o it_o but_o at_o last_o they_o fling_v it_o into_o a_o wood_n which_o john_n of_o tinmouth_n in_o his_o historia_fw-la aurea_fw-la call_v heglesdun_v but_o the_o people_n after_o they_o be_v get_v out_o of_o their_o hiding-place_n begin_v to_o look_v for_o it_o and_o have_v long_o search_v up_o and_o down_o the_o wood_n they_o at_o length_n hear_v the_o head_n when_o they_o cry_v out_o to_o one_o another_o where_o be_v you_o answer_v in_o english_a here_o here_o nor_o cease_v repeat_v those_o word_n till_o they_o come_v where_o it_o lay_v as_o for_o this_o part_n of_o the_o story_n it_o sound_v so_o like_o a_o legend_n that_o i_o shall_v leave_v it_o to_o be_v swallow_v by_o those_o who_o be_v apt_a to_o be_v take_v with_o such_o thing_n i_o have_v no_o more_o to_o add_v but_o that_o king_n edmund_n suffer_v on_o the_o 12_o of_o the_o kal._n of_o december_n in_o the_o year_n abovementioned_a but_o enough_o in_o conscience_n if_o not_o too_o much_o of_o this_o king_n martyrdom_n who_o have_v afterward_o a_o church_n and_o monastery_n erect_v to_o his_o memory_n as_o you_o will_v find_v when_o you_o come_v to_o it_o for_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o english_a saxon_n attribute_v as_o great_a sanctity_n to_o this_o as_o to_o any_o of_o their_o ancient_a saint_n and_o have_v as_o great_a a_o belief_n of_o his_o miracle_n his_o body_n be_v preserve_v uncorrupt_a whether_o by_o art_n or_o miracle_n i_o shall_v not_o determine_v for_o many_o age_n after_o i_o have_v no_o more_o to_o remark_n under_o this_o year_n but_o that_o now_o ceolnoth_n the_o archbishop_n decease_v and_o ethelred_n bishop_n of_o wiltunscire_a be_v elect_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o his_o stead_n also_o that_o the_o town_n of_o dunmoc_n be_v now_o destroy_v by_o the_o dane_n helmham_n in_o norfolk_n continue_v to_o be_v the_o sole_a bishop_n see_v for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o east_n angle_n till_o it_o be_v long_o after_o remove_v to_o norwich_n dccclxxi_o this_o year_n as_o both_o asser_n and_o the_o saxon_a annal_n relate_v the_o army_n of_o the_o dane_n leave_v the_o east_n angle_n march_v into_o the_o west_n saxon_a kingdom_n and_o come_v to_o a_o town_n of_o the_o king_n be_v call_v read_v lie_v on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o thames_n in_o that_o county_n which_o be_v then_o call_v bearrockâ—â—â—â—â—_n now_o berkshire_n and_o the_o three_o day_n after_o their_o come_n divers_a of_o their_o commander_n rid_v out_o with_o great_a part_n of_o their_o force_n to_o plunder_n dccclxxi_o whilst_o the_o rest_n remain_v behind_o to_o cast_v up_o a_o trench_n between_o the_o two_o river_n thames_n and_o kynton_n on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o town_n who_o earl_n aethelwulf_n with_o his_o force_n meet_v at_o englefeild_n in_o that_o county_n where_o it_o be_v stout_o fight_v on_o both_o side_n but_o after_o a_o long_a battle_n one_o of_o the_o count_n sydrock_n be_v slay_v and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n rout_v the_o rest_n escape_v by_o flight_n the_o christian_n get_v the_o victory_n and_o keep_v the_o field_n and_o four_o day_n after_o king_n aethered_n and_o aelfr_v his_o brother_n join_v their_o force_n together_o march_v to_o read_v and_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o castle_n they_o kill_v and_o destroy_v all_o the_o dane_n who_o they_o find_v without_o the_o gaâ—es_n but_o they_o within_o do_v not_o make_v a_o less_o obstinate_a resistance_n for_o fâ—llying_v out_o the_o fight_n become_v very_o sharp_a on_o both_o side_n in_o so_o much_o that_o the_o christian_n be_v at_o last_o force_v to_o turn_v their_o back_n and_o the_o pagan_n gain_v the_o victory_n and_o there_o earl_n aethelwulf_n abovementioned_a be_v slay_v among_o the_o rest_n with_o which_o the_o christian_n be_v much_o provoke_v 4_o day_n after_o they_o fight_v with_o they_o again_o at_o a_o place_n call_v aescesdune_n now_o aston_n in_o berkshire_n when_o the_o pagan_n divide_v themselves_o into_o two_o equal_a body_n for_o they_o have_v then_o two_o king_n beside_o many_o earl_n so_o they_o allot_v one_o part_n of_o the_o army_n to_o the_o two_o king_n and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o earl_n whicâ—_n the_o christian_n perceive_v they_o likewise_o do_v the_o same_o with_o their_o army_n but_o elfred_n come_v soon_o into_o the_o field_n with_o his_o man_n than_o do_v the_o king_n his_o brother_n for_o as_o asser_n tell_v we_o he_o have_v hear_v from_o those_o that_o be_v there_o that_o the_o king_n be_v then_o in_o his_o tent_n hear_v mass_n and_o positive_o affirm_v that_o he_o will_v not_o depart_v thence_o till_o it_o be_v finish_v which_o he_o make_v good_a and_o this_o piety_n of_o the_o king_n be_v be_v think_v to_o prevail_v much_o with_o god_n for_o the_o christian_n have_v resolve_v that_o king_n ether_v with_o his_o force_n shall_v maintain_v the_o fight_n against_o the_o two_o pagan_a king_n whilst_o aelfred_n his_o brother_n with_o his_o detachment_n shall_v oppose_v the_o earl_n and_o now_o both_o army_n be_v draw_v up_o in_o battle_n array_n whilst_o the_o king_n stay_v somewhat_o long_o as_o his_o prayer_n prince_n aelfred_n than_o his_o brother_n lieutenant_n be_v not_o strong_a enough_o alone_o to_o sustain_v all_o the_o pagan_a force_n for_o tho'_o he_o see_v he_o must_v either_o retreat_n or_o else_o engage_v the_o enemy_n before_o his_o brother_n come_v up_o which_o still_o the_o king_n delay_v yet_o the_o prince_n trust_v on_o the_o divine_a assistance_n and_o have_v put_v his_o man_n in_o good_a order_n present_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n who_o have_v much_o the_o advantage_n of_o he_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o high_a ground_n they_o have_v get_v there_o be_v also_o in_o the_o same_o field_n a_o single_a thorn_n tree_n which_o asser_n say_v he_o himself_o have_v see_v about_o which_o the_o enemy_n troop_n be_v all_o draw_v up_o
command_v they_o to_o be_v observe_v by_o all_o englishman_n under_o which_o name_n the_o saxon_a and_o jute_n be_v then_o include_v the_o first_o of_o his_o law_n require_v as_o most_o necessary_a to_o all_o his_o subject_n that_o each_o man_n keep_v his_o oath_n or_o pledge_n i._n e._n his_o promise_n to_o observe_v the_o law_n and_o keep_v the_o peace_n and_o if_o any_o shall_v be_v compel_v to_o swear_v or_o deposit_v a_o pledge_n whereby_o he_o may_v be_v bind_v to_o betray_v his_o lord_n or_o unjust_o to_o assist_v any_o person_n he_o ought_v to_o break_v his_o promise_n rather_o than_o perform_v it_o but_o in_o case_n he_o have_v engage_v to_o perform_v any_o thing_n which_o may_v just_o be_v do_v and_o do_v it_o not_o his_o arm_n and_o all_o his_o personal_a estate_n shall_v be_v put_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o friend_n and_o he_o himself_o keep_v in_o the_o king_n prison_n for_o forty_o day_n till_o he_o undergo_v that_o penance_n which_o the_o bishop_n shall_v enjoin_v he_o and_o also_o his_o friend_n i._n e._n relation_n require_v of_o he_o but_o if_o he_o have_v not_o wherewith_o to_o sustain_v himself_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n if_o his_o kindred_n be_v not_o able_a to_o provide_v he_o victual_n the_o king_n officer_n shall_v do_v it_o but_o if_o he_o resist_v and_o be_v take_v by_o force_n he_o shall_v forfeit_v both_o his_o arm_n and_o his_o personal_a estate_n and_o if_o he_o be_v kill_v nothing_o shall_v be_v pay_v as_o the_o value_n of_o his_o head_n and_o in_o case_n he_o escape_v before_o his_o time_n viz._n of_o forty_o day_n be_v out_o and_o be_v retake_v he_o shall_v be_v return_v back_o again_o to_o prison_n for_o other_o forty_o day_n if_o he_o escape_v he_o shall_v have_v no_o benefit_n of_o the_o law_n but_o be_v excommunicate_v from_o all_o christ_n church_n and_o if_o any_o man_n have_v be_v security_n in_o his_o behalf_n he_o shall_v make_v satisfaction_n for_o it_o according_a to_o right_n and_o do_v pennance_n till_o he_o make_v such_o satisfaction_n as_o his_o priest_n shall_v appoint_v the_o second_o bear_v the_o title_n of_o the_o immunity_n of_o the_o church_n and_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o it_o among_o the_o ecclesiastical_a constitution_n the_o three_o be_v concern_v the_o breach_n of_o the_o king_n surety-ship_n by_o the_o payment_n of_o a_o mulct_n of_o five_o pound_n of_o mercian_n i.e._n large_a money_n but_o the_o violation_n of_o surety-ship_n or_o the_o peace_n make_v to_o a_o archbishop_n by_o a_o fine_a of_o three_o pound_n and_o if_o any_o one_o break_n or_o forfeit_v the_o king_n pledge_n or_o recognizance_n he_o shall_v make_v amends_o according_a to_o right_n and_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o surety-ship_n to_o a_o bishop_n or_o ealdorman_n by_o two_o pound_n the_o four_o law_n be_v concern_v the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n or_o any_o other_o lord_n if_o any_o one_o that_o either_o by_o himself_o alone_o or_o by_o any_o other_o person_n shall_v attempt_v against_o the_o king_n life_n he_o shall_v lose_v his_o life_n and_o good_n but_o if_o he_o will_v purge_v himself_o let_v he_o do_v it_o according_a to_o the_o valuation_n of_o the_o king_n head_n the_o same_o be_v also_o ordain_v in_o all_o judgement_n concern_v other_o man_n whether_o noble_a or_o ignoble_a whosoever_o conspire_v against_o his_o lord_n shall_v lose_v both_o his_o life_n and_o estate_n or_o else_o pay_v the_o valuation_n of_o his_o lord_n head_n from_o which_o law_n we_o may_v observe_v that_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o those_o time_n there_o be_v a_o rate_n set_v upon_o every_o man_n life_n even_o upon_o the_o king_n himself_n if_o he_o be_v kill_v the_o seven_o law_n be_v against_o fighter_n in_o the_o king_n palace_n dccclxxxvii_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v fight_v or_o shall_v draw_v a_o weapon_n in_o his_o house_n his_o life_n shall_v lie_v at_o the_o king_n mercy_n whether_o he_o will_v pardon_v he_o or_o not_o but_o if_o the_o offender_n flee_v and_o be_v take_v he_o shall_v redeem_v his_o life_n with_o the_o price_n of_o his_o head_n or_o be_v fine_v according_a to_o his_o offence_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o offender_n may_v have_v redeem_v this_o crime_n with_o money_n at_o the_o first_o or_o else_o the_o last_o clause_n have_v be_v vain_a the_o nine_o law_n ordain_v what_o mulct_n a_o man_n shall_v pay_v that_o kill_v a_o woman_n with_o child_n which_o be_v to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o her_o head_n and_o he_o be_v also_o to_o pay_v for_o the_o child_n in_o her_o womb_n half_o as_o much_o as_o for_o a_o live_a one_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o its_o father_n the_o ten_o ordain_v what_o fine_n or_o amends_o every_o man_n shall_v pay_v to_o a_o husband_n for_o commit_v adultery_n with_o his_o wife_n which_o be_v to_o be_v increase_v according_a to_o the_o estate_n or_o quality_n of_o he_o against_o who_o the_o offence_n be_v commit_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o law_n be_v about_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o mulct_n appoint_v for_o several_a theft_n i_o omit_v the_o eleven_o appoint_v what_o mulct_n a_o man_n shall_v pay_v that_o wanton_o handle_v the_o breast_n of_o a_o country_n man_n wife_n or_o offer_v she_o any_o violence_n as_o by_o fling_v she_o down_o etc._n etc._n though_o he_o do_v not_o lie_v with_o she_o this_o show_v how_o careful_a the_o ancient_a english_a saxon_n be_v of_o the_o person_n and_o chastity_n even_o of_o the_o mean_a subject_n i_o shall_v skip_v over_o a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o other_o law_n they_o only_o ordain_v penalty_n for_o several_a petty_a trespass_n and_o small_a offence_n and_o shall_v pass_v to_o the_o twenty_o six_o law_n which_o appoint_v what_o mulct_n shall_v be_v pay_v by_o those_o who_o shall_v kill_v in_o troop_n or_o company_n and_o also_o to_o who_o these_o mulct_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v if_o the_o slay_a and_o innocent_a party_n be_v a_o ordinary_a person_n that_o be_v one_o who_o head_n be_v value_v but_o at_o two_o hundred_o shilling_n he_o that_o slay_v he_o must_v pay_v the_o value_n of_o his_o head_n and_o a_o fine_a beside_o to_o his_o kindred_n also_o every_o one_o that_o be_v in_o the_o company_n must_v pay_v thirty_o shilling_n which_o penalty_n be_v still_o to_o be_v increase_v according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o party_n slay_v so_o that_o as_o the_o penalty_n for_o the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n value_v at_o twelve_o hundred_o shilling_n every_o one_o that_o be_v present_a shall_v pay_v 120_o shilling_n and_o the_o man_n slayer_n himself_o the_o price_n of_o his_o head_n and_o a_o fine_a besides_o but_o in_o case_n the_o whole_a company_n shall_v deny_v that_o he_o give_v the_o mortal_a wound_n all_o of_o they_o be_v to_o be_v impeach_v together_o and_o to_o pay_v both_o the_o value_n and_o the_o fine_a beside_o now_o concern_v this_o troop_n or_o company_n which_o our_o saxon_a ancestor_n call_v hlothe_v how_o many_o man_n make_v up_o one_o of_o they_o the_o reader_n may_v please_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o king_n ina_n they_o be_v to_o be_v above_o thirty_o dâ—cclxxxvii_n the_o twenty_o seven_o appoint_v what_o share_n of_o the_o mulct_n or_o satisfaction_n a_o man_n kindred_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n shall_v receive_v in_o case_n he_o have_v no_o kindred_n on_o his_o father_n side_n and_o what_o share_n those_o of_o his_o guild_n or_o fraternity_n shall_v pay_v in_o case_n he_o have_v commit_v manslaughter_n in_o a_o quarrel_n viz._n the_o former_a shall_v pay_v a_o three_o part_n and_o the_o latter_a one_o half_a of_o the_o price_n of_o the_o head_n of_o the_o party_n slay_v but_o whether_o by_o those_o here_o mention_v of_o the_o same_o guild_n be_v mean_v such_o as_o be_v fellow_n contributor_n to_o the_o same_o parish_n feast_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o saint_n as_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o those_o time_n or_o else_o which_o be_v more_o likely_a such_o as_o be_v bind_v together_o in_o the_o same_o decenary_a or_o tything_n it_o be_v very_o obscure_a i_o shall_v not_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o determine_v the_o twenty_o eight_o law_n be_v make_v against_o public_a defamer_n or_o spreader_n of_o false_a news_n whereby_o be_v mean_v spreader_n of_o false_a news_n against_o the_o government_n and_o command_v that_o such_o a_o one_o be_v convict_v shall_v suffer_v no_o less_o punishment_n than_o the_o cut_n out_o of_o his_o tongue_n except_o he_o redeem_v it_o by_o payment_n of_o the_o value_n of_o his_o head_n and_o even_o then_o he_o be_v afterward_o to_o be_v esteem_v of_o no_o credit_n the_o thirty_o ordain_v that_o merchant_n when_o they_o land_n shall_v bring_v such_o as_o come_v on_o shore_n with_o they_o before_o the_o king_n officer_n in_o folcmote_a and_o
of_o england_n give_v we_o a_o very_a good_a reason_n if_o true_a why_o the_o king_n deal_v thus_o severe_o with_o this_o young_a princess_n his_o niece_n which_o be_v this_o that_o aelfwinna_n not_o make_v the_o king_n her_o uncle_n who_o her_o mother_n have_v appoint_v her_o guardian_n privy_a to_o her_o design_n have_v contract_v a_o marriage_n with_o reginald_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n whereupon_o king_n edward_n to_o prevent_v his_o enemy_n enter_v the_o country_n of_o mercia_n and_o take_v it_o into_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o also_o carry_v the_o say_a lady_n away_o with_o he_o the_o same_o author_n likewise_o report_v that_o about_o this_o time_n leofr_v a_o dane_n dccccxx_n and_o griffyth_v ap_fw-mi madoc_n brother-in-law_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o west-wales_n come_v from_o ireland_n with_o a_o great_a army_n to_o snowdon_n in_o caernarvonshire_n and_o design_v to_o bring_v all_o wales_n and_o the_o march_n thereof_o to_o their_o subjection_n overran_a and_o subdue_v all_o the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o chester_n before_o ever_o king_n edward_n have_v intelligence_n of_o their_o arrival_n whereat_o he_o be_v very_o much_o offend_v but_o be_v loath_a to_o trouble_v his_o subject_n in_o that_o behalf_n he_o make_v a_o vow_n that_o he_o and_o his_o son_n with_o their_o own_o people_n will_v be_v revenge_v on_o leofred_n and_o griffyth_n and_o thereupon_o he_o come_v to_o chester_n and_o take_v the_o city_n from_o they_o after_o this_o he_o make_v two_o division_n of_o his_o army_n whereof_o he_o and_o his_o son_n athelstan_n lead_v the_o first_o and_o edmund_z and_o edred_n the_o second_o and_o follow_v they_o with_o such_o celerity_n that_o he_o overtake_v they_o at_o the_o forest_n of_o walewode_n now_o sherwood_n where_o leofr_v and_o griffyth_n set_v upon_o he_o so_o fierce_o that_o the_o king_n at_o the_o beginning_n be_v in_o some_o distress_n until_o prince_n athelstan_n step_v in_o between_o his_o father_n and_o leofred_n and_o give_v the_o dane_n such_o a_o wound_n in_o the_o arm_n that_o it_o disable_v he_o from_o hold_v his_o spear_n whereupon_o he_o be_v soon_o take_v and_o commit_v to_o the_o custody_n of_o athelstan_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n prince_n edmund_n and_o edred_n encounter_v with_o griffyth_n slay_v he_o and_o bring_v his_o head_n to_o their_o father_n upon_o that_o athelstan_n cause_v leofr_v to_o be_v behead_v likewise_o and_o so_o both_o their_o head_n be_v set_v up_o together_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o chester_n and_o edward_n and_o his_o son_n return_v home_o with_o a_o great_a triumph_n but_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o age_n of_o prince_n edmund_n when_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n that_o this_o relation_n concern_v himself_o and_o his_o brother_n edred_n command_a part_n of_o their_o father_n army_n can_v be_v true_a for_o he_o be_v not_o above_o four_o year_n old_a when_o king_n edward_n his_o father_n die_v and_o not_o above_o eighteen_o when_o he_o begin_v to_o reign_v this_o year_n according_a to_o our_o annal_n king_n edward_n command_v his_o man_n to_o go_v to_o the_o town_n of_o tofeceaster_n now_o tocester_n in_o northamptonshire_n and_o to_o rebuild_v it_o after_o which_o the_o same_o year_n about_o lent_n dccccxxi_n he_o command_v the_o town_n of_o wigingamere_n now_o wigmore_n in_o herefordshire_n to_o be_v rebuilt_a but_o the_o same_o summer_n between_o whitsuntide_n and_o midsummer_n the_o dane_n of_o hamptune_n i._n e._n northampton_n as_o be_v say_v before_o and_o ligeracester_n and_o those_o that_o lay_v northward_o break_v the_o peace_n and_o march_v to_o tofeceaster_n and_o assault_v the_o town_n a_o whole_a day_n hope_v to_o take_v it_o but_o those_o that_o be_v within_o defend_v it_o until_o such_o time_n as_o more_o man_n can_v come_v to_o their_o assistance_n the_o dane_n be_v force_v to_o leave_v the_o town_n and_o march_v off_o after_o this_o they_o often_o go_v out_o by_o night_n to_o plunder_v and_o fall_v upon_o those_o that_o be_v unprovided_a take_v a_o great_a many_o man_n and_o much_o cattle_n between_o barnewoode_n and_o eglesbyrig_n the_o former_a of_o which_o be_v barnwood_n forest_n near_o bury-hill_n and_o the_o latter_a alisbury_n both_o in_o buckinghamshire_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o dane_n of_o huntandune_n i._n e._n huntingdon_n and_o the_o east-angle_n march_v out_o and_o build_v a_o castle_n at_o temsford_n where_o they_o settle_v themselves_o for_o they_o have_v leave_v that_o at_o huntandune_n suppose_v that_o from_o thence_o they_o may_v recover_v a_o great_a share_n of_o the_o country_n and_o so_o they_o march_v till_o they_o come_v to_o bedanford_n but_o the_o man_n who_o be_v within_o it_o go_v out_o to_o meet_v they_o kill_v great_a number_n of_o they_o put_v the_o rest_n to_o flight_n after_o this_o a_o great_a army_n of_o dane_n be_v get_v together_o advance_v to_o the_o town_n of_o wiggingamere_n and_o storm_v it_o for_o most_o part_n of_o the_o day_n but_o those_o who_o be_v 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and_o essex_n as_o from_o the_o neighbour_a town_n and_o march_v to_o colneceaster_n i.e._n colchester_n assault_v that_o city_n till_o they_o take_v it_o and_o all_o the_o plunder_n they_o find_v in_o it_o and_o kill_v all_o the_o man_n except_o those_o that_o escape_v over_o the_o wall_n after_o which_o also_o the_o same_o autumn_n a_o great_a army_n of_o dane_n be_v get_v together_o with_o the_o east-angle_n both_o land-soldier_n and_o pirate_n who_o they_o have_v invite_v to_o their_o assistance_n hope_v thereby_o to_o revenge_v the_o defeat_n they_o have_v late_o receive_v wherefore_o they_o go_v direct_o to_o maeldune_n and_o besiege_v that_o town_n till_o such_o time_n that_o more_o man_n come_v to_o its_o assistance_n the_o dane_n be_v force_v to_o quit_v it_o and_o retreat_n but_o the_o man_n who_o be_v within_o it_o together_o with_o those_o that_o come_v to_o their_o assistance_n overtake_v the_o dane_n kill_v many_o hundred_o of_o the_o land-man_n as_o well_o as_o pirate_n 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edgar_n be_v certain_o a_o very_a great_a and_o heroic_a prince_n yet_o questionless_a that_o charter_n which_o make_v he_o to_o have_v subdue_v the_o great_a part_n of_o ireland_n with_o the_o city_n of_o dublin_n and_o to_o be_v lord_n of_o all_o the_o isle_n as_o far_o as_o norway_n be_v fictitious_a and_o nothing_o but_o a_o piece_n of_o monkish_a forgery_n no_o author_n of_o that_o age_n make_v mention_n of_o any_o such_o thing_n and_o instead_o of_o a_o great_a warrior_n he_o be_v usual_o style_v edgar_n the_o peaceable_a for_o he_o never_o make_v any_o foreign_a war_n that_o we_o can_v learn_v however_o such_o be_v his_o mighty_a fame_n that_o if_o he_o do_v not_o go_v himself_o to_o foreigner_n they_o come_v to_o he_o out_o of_o saxony_n flanders_n denmark_n and_o other_o place_n though_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n observe_v their_o come_n over_o do_v much_o detriment_n to_o the_o native_n who_o from_o the_o saxon_n learned_a rudeness_n from_o the_o fleming_n effeminacy_n and_o from_o the_o dane_n drunkenness_n the_o english_a be_v before_o free_a from_o those_o gross_a vice_n and_o content_v themselves_o to_o defend_v their_o own_o with_o a_o natural_a simplicity_n and_o not_o give_v to_o admire_v the_o custom_n and_o fashion_n of_o other_o nation_n hereupon_o the_o monk_n tell_v we_o he_o be_v deserve_o blame_v in_o story_n for_o his_o too_o great_a indulgence_n to_o stranger_n this_o noble_a prince_n die_v when_o he_o have_v reign_v about_o sixteen_o year_n in_o the_o very_a flower_n of_o his_o age_n be_v scarce_o two_o and_o thirty_o year_n old_a and_o with_o he_o fall_v all_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n scarce_o any_o thing_n henceforth_o be_v to_o be_v hear_v of_o among_o they_o but_o misery_n and_o disorder_n he_o have_v by_o egelfleda_n surname_v the_o fair_a the_o daughter_n of_o earl_n ordmer_n it_o be_v uncertain_a whether_o his_o wife_n or_o concubine_n a_o son_n name_v edward_n who_o succeed_v he_o by_o wilfrida_n the_o 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inform_v we_o but_o before_o i_o dismiss_v this_o king_n reign_n it_o be_v fit_a i_o give_v you_o a_o short_a account_n of_o the_o chief_a law_n he_o make_v which_o since_o neither_o the_o time_n nor_o place_n of_o their_o enact_v be_v any_o where_o mention_v i_o refer_v to_o this_o place_n the_o preface_n of_o these_o law_n be_v thus_o this_o be_v the_o decree_n or_o law_n which_o king_n edgar_n make_v with_o the_o counsel_n or_o consent_n of_o his_o wites_z or_o wiseman_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n the_o confirmation_n of_o his_o royal_a dignity_n and_o for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o people_n the_o law_n themselves_o begin_v with_o some_o ecclesiastical_a canon_n dcccclxxu._n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v concern_v the_o immunity_n of_o the_o church_n and_o about_o pay_v tithe_n out_o of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o thanes_z as_o well_o as_o of_o those_o of_o ceorles_n or_o countryman_n the_o second_o be_v concern_v payment_n of_o tithe_n and_o first_o fruit_n as_o well_o where_o a_o thane_n have_v a_o church_n with_o a_o buryingplace_n as_o also_o where_o he_o have_v not_o the_o three_o appoint_v the_o time_n the_o tithe_n shall_v be_v pay_v at_o and_o what_o remedy_n be_v to_o be_v have_v in_o case_n they_o be_v not_o pay_v at_o the_o time_n when_o they_o be_v due_a the_o four_o ordain_v at_o what_o time_n of_o the_o year_n peter-pence_n shall_v be_v pay_v and_o the_o penalty_n that_o shall_v be_v incur_v by_o those_o that_o shall_v neglect_v to_o pay_v they_o in_o according_o the_o last_o ordain_v every_o sunday_n to_o be_v keep_v holy_a and_o to_o begin_v at_o three_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n on_o saturday_n and_o to_o end_v at_o break_v of_o day_n on_o monday_n upon_o the_o penalty_n appoint_v by_o the_o judiciary_n book_n from_o which_o last_o law_n you_o may_v observe_v how_o early_o keep_v the_o sunday_n like_o the_o jewish_a sabbath_n begin_v in_o england_n then_o follow_v the_o secular_a or_o temporal_a law_n the_o first_o of_o which_o enjoin_v that_o every_o man_n poor_a or_o rich_a enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o law_n and_o have_v equal_a justice_n do_v he_o and_o for_o punishment_n he_o will_v have_v they_o so_o moderate_v that_o be_v accommodate_v to_o the_o divine_a clemency_n they_o may_v be_v the_o more_o tolerable_a unto_o man_n the_o second_o forbid_v appeal_n to_o the_o king_n in_o suit_n liberty_n except_o justice_n can_v otherwise_o be_v obtain_v and_o if_o a_o man_n be_v oppress_v he_o may_v betake_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n for_o relief_n and_o in_o case_n a_o pecuniary_a mulct_n be_v inflict_v for_o a_o fault_n it_o must_v not_o exceed_v the_o value_n of_o the_o man_n head_n the_o three_o impose_v a_o mulct_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o shilling_n to_o the_o king_n upon_o a_o judge_n that_o pass_v a_o unjust_a sentence_n against_o any_o man_n except_o such_o judge_n will_v take_v his_o oath_n that_o he_o do_v it_o not_o out_o of_o any_o malice_n but_o only_o from_o unskilfulness_n and_o mistake_v in_o judgement_n and_o in_o such_o case_n he_o be_v to_o be_v remove_v from_o his_o place_n except_o he_o can_v obtain_v favour_n of_o the_o king_n long_o to_o retain_v it_o and_o then_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n be_v to_o send_v the_o mulct_n impose_v upon_o he_o to_o the_o king_n treasure_n the_o four_o command_n that_o whosoever_o malicious_o shall_v defame_v another_o man_n whereby_o he_o receive_v any_o damage_n either_o in_o his_o body_n or_o estate_n so_o that_o the_o defame_v party_n can_v clear_v himself_o of_o those_o report_n and_o prove_v they_o false_a than_o the_o defamer_n tongue_n shall_v either_o be_v cut_v out_o or_o he_o shall_v redeem_v it_o with_o the_o value_n of_o his_o head_n the_o five_o be_v to_o the_o same_o effect_n as_o in_o another_o law_n we_o have_v former_o cite_v command_v every_o one_o to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o gemote_a or_o assembly_n of_o the_o hundred_o and_o further_o ordain_v that_o the_o burghmote_n or_o assembly_n of_o the_o great_a town_n or_o city_n be_v hold_v thrice_o a_o year_n and_o the_o shiregemote_n or_o general_a meeting_n of_o the_o whole_a county_n twice_o whereat_o be_v to_o be_v present_a the_o bishop_n and_o the_o ealdorman_a the_o one_o to_o teach_v the_o people_n god_n law_n and_o the_o other_o man_n from_o whence_o you_o may_v observe_v the_o antiquity_n of_o our_o charge_n at_o our_o assize_n and_o session_n which_o no_o doubt_n do_v succeed_v those_o discourse_n which_o the_o ealdorman_a and_o bishop_n then_o make_v to_o the_o people_n upon_o the_o subject_n abovementioned_a dcccclxxu._n the_o six_o require_v that_o every_o man_n find_v surety_n for_o his_o good_a behaviour_n and_o in_o case_n any_o one_o commit_v a_o crime_n and_o fly_v for_o it_o the_o surety_n shall_v undergo_v what_o shall_v be_v lay_v upon_o he_o if_o he_o steal_v any_o thing_n and_o be_v take_v within_o a_o twelvemonth_n he_o shall_v be_v bring_v to_o justice_n and_o then_o the_o surety_n shall_v receive_v back_o what_o they_o have_v pay_v on_o his_o account_n hence_o we_o may_v also_o take_v notice_n not_o only_o of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o frank-pledge_n which_o have_v be_v long_o before_o institute_v by_o king_n alfred_n but_o also_o the_o continuation_n of_o this_o law_n by_o king_n edgar_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v no_o norman_a invention_n introduce_v to_o keep_v under_o the_o english_a commonalty_n as_o some_o man_n have_v without_o any_o just_a cause_n imagine_v the_o seven_o ordain_v that_o when_o any_o one_o of_o evil_a report_n be_v again_o accuse_v of_o a_o crime_n and_o absent_v himself_o from_o the_o gemote_n or_o public_a meeting_n some_o of_o the_o court_n shall_v go_v where_o he_o dwell_v and_o take_v surety_n for_o his_o appearance_n if_o they_o may_v be_v have_v but_o
if_o they_o can_v get_v they_o than_o they_o shall_v take_v he_o alive_a or_o dead_a and_o seize_v on_o all_o his_o estate_n whereof_o the_o complain_v party_n have_v receive_v such_o a_o share_n as_o shall_v satisfy_v he_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o remainder_n shall_v go_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o other_o half_a to_o the_o hundred_o and_o if_o any_o of_o that_o court_n be_v either_o akin_a to_o the_o party_n or_o a_o stranger_n to_o his_o blood_n refuse_v to_o go_v to_o put_v this_o in_o execution_n he_o shall_v forfeit_v 120_o shilling_n to_o the_o king_n and_o far_o that_o such_o as_o be_v take_v in_o the_o very_a act_n of_o steal_v or_o betray_v their_o master_n shall_v not_o be_v pardon_v during_o life_n the_o eight_o and_o last_o ordain_v that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o money_n shall_v be_v current_n throughout_o the_o king_n dominion_n which_o no_o man_n must_v refuse_v and_o that_o the_o measure_n of_o winchester_n shall_v be_v the_o standard_n and_o that_o a_o weigh_v of_o wool_n shall_v be_v fold_n for_o half_a a_o pound_n of_o money_n and_o no_o more_o the_o former_a of_o those_o be_v the_o first_o law_n whereby_o the_o private_a mint_n to_o the_o archbishop_n and_o several_a abbot_n be_v forbid_v the_o king_n coin_n be_v only_o to_o pass_v but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o annal_n ten_o day_n before_o the_o death_n of_o king_n edgar_n bishop_n cyneward_o depart_v this_o life_n king_n edward_z surname_v the_o martyr_n king_n edgar_z be_v dead_a dcccclxxu._n as_o you_o have_v now_o hear_v prince_n edward_n succeed_v his_o father_n though_o not_o without_o some_o difficulty_n for_o as_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n and_o r._n hoveden_n relate_v the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v then_o divide_v archbishop_n dunstan_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v for_o prince_n edward_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o king_n edgar_n whilst_o queen_n aelfreda_n widow_n to_o the_o king_n and_o many_o of_o her_o faction_n be_v for_o set_v up_o her_o son_n ethelred_n be_v then_o about_o seven_o year_n of_o age_n that_o so_o she_o may_v govern_v under_o his_o name_n but_o beside_o the_o pretence_n be_v which_o how_o well_o they_o make_v out_o i_o know_v not_o that_o king_n edgar_n have_v never_o be_v lawful_o marry_v to_o prince_n edward_n mother_n whereupon_o the_o archbishop_n dunstan_n and_o oswald_n with_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o many_o of_o the_o ealdorman_n of_o the_o kingdom_n meet_v together_o in_o a_o great_a council_n and_o choose_v prince_n edward_n king_n as_o his_o father_n before_o his_o death_n have_v ordain_v and_o be_v thus_o elect_v they_o present_o anoint_v he_o be_v then_o but_o a_o youth_n of_o about_o fifteen_o year_n of_o age._n but_o it_o seem_v not_o long_o after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n edgar_n though_o before_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n edward_n roger_n hoveden_n and_o simeon_n of_o durham_n tell_v we_o that_o elfer_n earl_n of_o the_o mercian_n be_v lusty_o bribe_v by_o large_a present_n drive_v the_o abbot_n and_o monk_n out_o of_o the_o monastery_n in_o which_o they_o have_v be_v settle_v by_o king_n edgar_n and_o in_o their_o place_n bring_v in_o the_o clerk_n i.e._n secular_a canon_n with_o their_o wife_n but_o ethelwin_n ealdorman_n of_o the_o east-angle_n and_o his_o brother_n elfwold_n and_o earl_n brythnoth_n oppose_v it_o and_o be_v in_o the_o common_a council_n or_o synod_n plain_o say_v they_o will_v never_o endure_v that_o the_o monk_n shall_v be_v cast_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o contribute_v so_o much_o to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o religion_n and_o so_o raise_v a_o army_n they_o brave_o defend_v the_o monastery_n of_o the_o east-angle_n so_o it_o seem_v that_o during_o this_o interregnum_fw-la arise_v this_o civil_a war_n about_o the_o monk_n and_o the_o abovementioned_a dissension_n among_o the_o nobility_n concern_v the_o election_n of_o a_o new_a king_n but_o this_o serve_v to_o explain_v that_o passage_n in_o our_o annal_n which_o will_v have_v be_v otherwise_o very_o obscure_a viz._n that_o then_o there_o be_v viz._n upon_o the_o death_n of_o king_n edgar_n great_a grief_n and_o trouble_v in_o mercia_n among_o those_o that_o love_v god_n because_o many_o of_o his_o servant_n that_o be_v the_o monk_n be_v turn_v out_o till_o god_n be_v slight_v show_v miracle_n on_o their_o behalf_n and_o that_o then_o also_o duke_n oslack_n be_v unjust_o banish_v beyond_o the_o sea_n a_o nobleman_n who_o for_o his_o long_a head_n of_o hair_n but_o more_o for_o his_o wisdom_n be_v very_o remarkable_a and_o that_o then_o also_o strange_a prodigy_n be_v see_v in_o the_o heaven_n such_o as_o astrologer_n call_v comet_n and_o as_o a_o punishment_n from_o god_n upon_o this_o nation_n there_o follow_v a_o great_a famine_n which_o show_v this_o copy_n of_o the_o annal_n be_v write_v about_o this_o very_a time_n and_o then_o the_o author_n conclude_v with_o aelfer_n the_o ealdorman_n command_v many_o monastery_n to_o be_v spoil_v which_o king_n edgar_n have_v command_v bishop_n athelwold_n to_o repair_v all_o which_o be_v in_o the_o cottonian_a copy_n serve_v to_o explain_v what_o have_v be_v already_o relate_v but_o the_o next_o year_n dcccclxxvi_fw-la '_o be_v the_o great_a famine_n in_o england_n as_o just_a now_o mention_v about_o the_o same_o time_n according_a to_o caradoc_n chronicle_n aeneon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n destroy_v the_o land_n of_o gwyr_n the_o second_o time_n dcccclxxvii_n this_o year_n after_o easter_n be_v that_o great_a synod_n at_o kirtlingtun_n which_o florence_n of_o worcester_n and_o r._n hoveden_n call_v kyrleing_n but_o where_o that_o place_n be_v be_v very_o uncertain_a florence_n place_v it_o in_o east-england_n but_o sir_n h._n spelman_n acknowledge_v that_o he_o do_v not_o know_v any_o place_n in_o those_o part_n that_o ever_o bear_v that_o name_n but_o suppose_v it_o to_o have_v be_v the_o same_o with_o cartlage_n now_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o lord_n north_n but_o have_v not_o florence_n place_v it_o in_o east-england_n that_o town_n who_o name_n come_v near_a to_o it_o be_v kyrtlington_n in_o oxfordshire_n which_o be_v also_o the_o more_o confirm_v by_o that_o which_o follow_v in_o these_o annal_n viz._n that_o sydeman_n the_o bishop_n of_o devonshire_n i_o e._n of_o wells_n die_v here_o sudden_o who_o desire_v his_o body_n may_v be_v bury_v at_o krydeanton_a his_o episcopal_a see_n but_o king_n edward_n and_o archbishop_n dunstan_n order_v it_o to_o be_v carry_v to_o st._n maâ—ies_v in_o abingdon_n be_v he_o be_v honourable_o inter_v in_o the_o north_n isle_n of_o st._n paul_n church_n therefore_o it_o be_v high_o probable_a that_o the_o place_n where_o this_o bishop_n die_v be_v not_o far_o from_o abingdon_n where_o he_o be_v bury_v as_o kirtlington_n indeed_o be_v but_o what_o be_v do_v in_o this_o council_n can_v we_o no_o where_o find_v only_o it_o be_v to_o be_v suppose_v that_o it_o be_v concern_v this_o great_a difference_n between_o the_o monk_n and_o the_o secular_a canon_n as_o the_o former_a council_n be_v the_o same_o year_n also_o be_v great_a commotion_n in_o wales_n for_o howel_n ap_fw-mi jevaf_fw-mi prince_n of_o north-wales_n with_o a_o great_a army_n both_o of_o welsh_a and_o englishman_n make_v war_n upon_o all_o who_o defend_v or_o succour_v his_o uncle_n jago_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n of_o lhyn_n kelynnoc_n vawr_n so_o that_o jago_n be_v short_o after_o take_v prisoner_n by_o prince_n howel_n man_n who_o after_o that_o enjoy_v his_o part_n of_o the_o country_n in_o peace_n nor_o can_v i_o here_o omit_v what_o some_o of_o our_o monkish_a writer_n and_o particular_o john_n pike_n in_o his_o compendious_a supplement_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n now_o in_o manuscript_n in_o the_o 6._o cottonian_a library_n relate_v that_o there_o be_v this_o year_n a_o great_a council_n hold_v at_o winchester_n again_o to_o debate_v this_o great_a affair_n concern_v the_o turn_n out_o of_o the_o monk_n and_o restore_v the_o secular_a canon_n and_o it_o be_v like_a to_o be_v carry_v in_o their_o favour_n a_o crucifix_n which_o then_o stand_v in_o the_o room_n speak_v thus_o god_n forbid_v it_o shall_v be_v so_o this_o amaze_a they_o they_o resolve_v to_o leave_v the_o monk_n in_o the_o condition_n they_o then_o be_v but_o whether_o these_o word_n be_v ever_o speak_v at_o all_o or_o if_o they_o be_v whether_o it_o may_v not_o be_v by_o some_o person_n that_o stand_v unseen_a behind_o the_o crucifix_n i_o shall_v leave_v to_o the_o reader_n to_o determine_v as_o he_o please_v dcccclxxviii_n next_o year_n all_o the_o grave_a and_o wise_a man_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n be_v meet_v about_o the_o same_o affair_n at_o calne_n in_o wiltshire_n fall_v down_o together_o from_o a_o certain_a upper_a room_n where_o they_o be_v assemble_v
one_o of_o edric_n son_n who_o at_o the_o command_n of_o his_o father_n stab_v he_o in_o the_o hinder_v part_n with_o a_o long_a sharp_a knife_n and_o leave_v the_o weapon_n stick_v in_o his_o body_n but_o h._n huntingdon_n and_o alred_n abbot_n of_o rievalle_n say_v that_o edric_n be_v the_o first_o who_o salute_v cnute_n sole_a king_n of_o all_o england_n to_o who_o when_o he_o have_v tell_v all_o the_o matter_n the_o king_n answer_v well_o for_o so_o great_a a_o good_a turn_v i_o will_v advance_v thy_o head_n above_o all_o the_o lord_n in_o england_n and_o thereupon_o command_v he_o to_o be_v behead_v order_v his_o head_n to_o be_v set_v upon_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n but_o this_o be_v relate_v by_o no_o other_o author_n beside_o mat._n westminster_n be_v not_o probable_a for_o all_o other_o make_v he_o to_o have_v be_v alive_a some_o time_n after_o this_o but_o simeon_n of_o durham_n and_o r._n hoveden_n do_v with_o great_a certainty_n relate_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o 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annal_n do_v not_o show_v we_o also_o archbishop_n aethelnoth_n go_v to_o rome_n and_o be_v there_o receive_v by_o pope_n benedict_n with_o great_a honour_n who_o put_v on_o his_o pall_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o be_v so_o habit_v celebrate_a mass_n as_o the_o pope_n command_v he_o and_o then_o after_o he_o have_v dine_v with_o he_o return_v home_o with_o his_o benediction_n also_o leofwin_n the_o abbot_n who_o have_v be_v unjust_o expel_v from_o the_o monastery_n of_o elig_n be_v his_o companion_n and_o there_o clear_v himself_o of_o those_o crime_n of_o which_o he_o have_v be_v accuse_v before_o the_o pope_n the_o archbishop_n and_o all_o the_o company_n that_o be_v there_o present_a testify_v on_o his_o behalf_n wulstan_n archbishop_n of_o york_n decease_v and_o aelfric_n succeed_v mxxiii_o edelnoth_n the_o archbishop_n consecrate_v he_o at_o canterbury_n also_o this_o
be_v put_v upon_o the_o head_n of_o the_o crucifix_n at_o winchester_n from_o who_o example_n as_o petrus_n pictaviensis_n relate_v arise_v that_o custom_n of_o hang_v up_o the_o armour_n of_o great_a man_n in_o church_n as_o offering_n make_v to_o god_n by_o who_o assistance_n they_o have_v attain_v any_o honour_n to_o themselves_o or_o benefit_n to_o their_o country_n either_o by_o victory_n or_o a_o honourable_a death_n i_o shall_v conclude_v his_o reign_n with_o his_o law_n which_o since_o we_o have_v not_o the_o time_n when_o they_o be_v make_v i_o have_v reserve_v to_o this_o place_n they_o begin_v thus_o this_o be_v the_o law_n or_o decree_n which_o cnute_n king_n of_o all_o england_n denmark_n and_o norway_n have_v ordain_v with_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o wise_a man_n at_o london_n as_o well_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o own_o royal_a dignity_n as_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o his_o people_n and_o be_v make_v at_o winchester_n in_o midwinter_n i.e._n at_o christmas_n 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deed_n forfeit_v to_o the_o king_n let_v his_o lord_n be_v who_o he_o will_v as_o also_o whoever_o relieve_v or_o harbour_v a_o fugitive_n the_o fourteen_o law_n appoint_v mulct_n for_o divers_a offence_n and_o particulary_a that_o if_o any_o judge_n have_v out_o of_o hatred_n or_o lucre_n pervert_v justice_n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o english_a he_o be_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o king_n the_o value_n of_o his_o head_n and_o also_o to_o be_v remove_v from_o his_o place_n or_o redeem_v it_o as_o the_o king_n shall_v please_v except_o he_o plead_v that_o what_o he_o do_v be_v from_o ignorance_n and_o then_o he_o must_v confirm_v this_o assertion_n by_o oath_n and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o dane_n he_o be_v to_o incur_v the_o mulct_n of_o the_o breach_n of_o that_o law_n except_o he_o can_v plead_v ignorance_n the_o nineteen_o renew_v the_o former_a law_n of_o king_n alfred_n command_v every_o one_o of_o free_a condition_n to_o enter_v himself_o into_o some_o hundred_o or_o tything_n that_o be_v in_o a_o condition_n to_o purge_v himself_o he_o may_v also_o be_v in_o a_o capacity_n to_o claim_v from_o another_o the_o value_n of_o his_o head_n otherwise_o none_o that_o exceed_v twelve_o year_n of_o age_n in_o case_n he_o receive_v any_o wrong_n shall_v be_v capable_a of_o enjoy_v the_o same_o privilege_n with_o a_o freeman_n and_o be_v he_o a_o master_n of_o a_o family_n or_o a_o retainer_n he_o must_v be_v enter_v into_o some_o hundred_o or_o other_o and_o must_v find_v pledge_n or_o surety_n for_o his_o appearance_n in_o case_n he_o be_v accuse_v of_o a_o crime_n some_o great_a man_n say_v the_o king_n if_o they_o can_v do_v it_o will_v protect_v their_o servant_n give_v out_o sometime_o that_o they_o be_v free_a other_o time_n that_o they_o be_v slave_n but_o we_o not_o endure_v any_o such_o unjust_a practice_n enjoin_v that_o every_o one_o of_o twelve_o year_n of_o age_n shall_v give_v security_n by_o oath_n that_o he_o will_v neither_o steal_v himself_o nor_o be_v accessary_a to_o the_o theft_n of_o any_o other_o thus_o do_v he_o revive_v what_o king_n alfred_n have_v before_o ordain_v that_o no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v out_o of_o tything_n or_o live_v at_o random_n without_o this_o most_o efficacious_a tie_n of_o suretyship_n and_o to_o what_o be_v enact_v before_o add_v this_o caution_n of_o twelve_o year_n beyond_o which_o for_o the_o public_a peace_n and_o security_n none_o be_v to_o live_v without_o be_v admit_v and_o receive_v into_o some_o hundred_o and_o tything_n the_o twenty_o law_n of_o king_n cnute_n so_o far_o indulge_v a_o man_n unblameable_a and_o of_o good_a repute_n who_o never_o break_v his_o oath_n in_o the_o hundred_o nor_o be_v cast_v by_o the_o ordeal_o that_o his_o single_a purgation_n shall_v be_v accept_v but_o a_o man_n of_o the_o contrary_a reputation_n shall_v either_o be_v compel_v to_o take_v his_o single_a oath_n in_o three_o hundred_o or_o a_o threefold_a one_o mxxxvi_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o that_o court_n or_o be_v put_v to_o the_o ordeal_o but_o a_o single_a purgation_n be_v to_o be_v make_v with_o a_o threefold_a preparatory_a oath_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o fifty_o four_o law_n whosoever_o conspire_v against_o the_o king_n or_o his_o lord_n shall_v forfeit_v life_n and_o fortune_n except_o he_o purge_v himself_o by_o the_o threefold_a ordeal_o the_o sixty_o first_o declare_v break_v down_o or_o burn_a house_n as_o also_o theft_n manifest_a murder_n and_o betray_v of_o one_o lord_n according_a to_o human_a law_n to_o be_v crime_n for_o which_o there_o be_v no_o boat_n or_o satisfaction_n to_o be_v make_v by_o way_n of_o mulct_n or_o compensation_n which_o be_v alteration_n of_o the_o former_a law_n by_o which_o all_o these_o crime_n be_v redeemable_a by_o money_n the_o next_o will_n that_o mercy_n be_v show_v as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v to_o such_o as_o true_o and_o unfeigned_o amend_v their_o way_n and_o by_o that_o which_o follow_v the_o king_n declare_v he_o will_v put_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o small_a and_o great_a rich_a and_o poor_a young_a and_o old_a infirm_a and_o healthful_a forasmuch_o as_o some_o man_n may_v offend_v out_o of_o a_o kind_n of_o necessity_n and_o that_o a_o distinction_n be_v to_o be_v make_v betwixt_o a_o force_a and_o a_o voluntary_a act_n therefore_o he_o promise_v to_o succour_v where_o there_o be_v most_o need_n of_o his_o help_n the_o sixty_o seven_o contain_v a_o act_n of_o grace_n of_o the_o king_n to_o his_o subject_n whereby_o he_o relieve_v such_o as_o be_v former_o oppress_v he_o also_o enjoin_v all_o his_o officer_n that_o they_o make_v provision_n for_o his_o house_n out_o of_o his_o own_o land_n and_o tillage_n and_o that_o they_o compel_v no_o man_n to_o furnish_v he_o with_o any_o provision_n in_o this_o kind_n upon_o pain_n of_o pay_v the_o value_n of_o their_o head_n if_o they_o impose_v any_o mulct_n upon_o refuser_n the_o sixty_o eight_o ordain_v that_o in_o case_n any_o man_n by_o neglect_n or_o sudden_a death_n depart_v this_o world_n intestate_a his_o lord_n shall_v take_v nothing_o of_o his_o good_n except_o what_o be_v due_a to_o he_o as_o a_o herriot_n but_o all_o be_v to_o be_v distribute_v by_o his_o judgement_n to_o the_o wife_n child_n and_o next_o kindred_n just_o according_a to_o their_o several_a right_n the_o sixty_o nine_o settle_n the_o rate_n of_o all_o herriot_n to_o the_o king_n order_v that_o the_o herriot_n of_o every_o one_o be_v according_a to_o his_o dignity_n as_o first_o that_o of_o a_o earl_n eight_o horse_n whereof_o four_o with_o furniture_n and_o four_o without_o four_o helmet_n as_o many_o corslet_n eight_o spear_n and_o as_o many_o shield_n four_o sword_n and_o two_o hundred_o mancuse_n of_o gold_n that_o of_o the_o king_n be_v chief_a thane_n four_o
midsummer_n be_v joyful_o receive_v both_o by_o the_o dane_n and_o english_a and_o as_o h._n huntingdon_n relate_v be_v by_o both_o of_o they_o elect_a king_n though_o afterward_o the_o great_a man_n that_o do_v it_o pay_v dear_o for_o it_o for_o not_o long_o after_o it_o be_v decree_v that_o a_o tax_n of_o eight_o mark_n shall_v be_v again_o pay_v to_o the_o rower_n in_o sixty_o two_o sail_n of_o ship_n the_o same_o year_n also_o a_o sâ—ster_n i._n e._n a_o horseload_n of_o wheat_n be_v sell_v for_o fifty_o five_o penny_n and_o more_o this_o year_n eadsige_v the_o archbishop_n go_v to_o rome_n and_o also_o another_o military_a tax_n be_v pay_v mxl_o of_o twenty_o nine_o thousand_o twenty_o nine_o pound_n and_o after_o this_o be_v pay_v eleven_o thousand_o forty_o eight_o pound_n for_o two_o and_o thirty_o sail_n of_o ship_n but_o whether_o these_o tax_n be_v raise_v by_o authority_n of_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n our_o author_n do_v not_o mention_v but_o i_o believe_v not_o for_o this_o danegelt_n be_v now_o by_o constant_a usage_n become_v a_o prerogative_n the_o same_o year_n come_v eadward_n the_o son_n of_o king_n aethelred_n into_o this_o kingdom_n from_o wealand_n by_o which_o our_o annal_n mean_v normandy_n after_o which_o time_n prince_n edward_n return_v no_o more_o thither_o but_o stay_v in_o england_n till_o his_o brother_n die_v but_o the_o same_o year_n not_o long_o after_o his_o coronation_n he_o send_v alfric_n archbishop_n of_o york_n and_o earl_n godwin_n and_o divers_a great_a man_n of_o his_o court_n to_o london_n attend_v by_o the_o hangman_n and_o out_o of_o hatred_n to_o his_o brother_n harold_n and_o revenge_n of_o the_o injury_n do_v to_o his_o mother_n as_o he_o pretend_v command_v his_o body_n to_o be_v dug_n up_o and_o the_o head_n to_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o fling_v into_o the_o thames_n but_o some_o fisherman_n afterward_o pull_v it_o up_o with_o their_o net_n bury_v it_o again_o in_o st._n clement_n churchyard_n be_v then_o the_o buryingplace_n of_o the_o dane_n the_o same_o year_n also_o according_a to_o bromton_n chronicle_n king_n hardecnute_n send_v over_o his_o sister_n gunhilda_n to_o the_o emperor_n henry_n to_o who_o she_o have_v be_v in_o her_o father_n life-time_n betroth_v but_o before_o she_o go_v the_o king_n keep_v the_o nuptial_a feast_n with_o that_o magnificence_n in_o clothes_n equipage_n and_o feast_v that_o as_o mat._n westminster_n relate_v it_o be_v remember_v in_o his_o time_n and_o sing_v by_o musician_n at_o all_o great_a entertainment_n but_o this_o lady_n be_v receive_v and_o treat_v by_o the_o emperor_n her_o husband_n with_o great_a kindness_n for_o some_o time_n till_o be_v accuse_v of_o adultery_n she_o can_v find_v it_o seem_v no_o better_o a_o champion_n to_o vindicate_v her_o honour_n than_o a_o certain_a little_a page_n she_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o england_n with_o she_o who_o undertake_v her_o defence_n fight_v in_o a_o single_a combat_n against_o a_o man_n of_o a_o vast_a stature_n name_v rodingar_fw-la mxl_o and_o by_o cut_v his_o hamstring_n with_o his_o sword_n and_o fall_v down_o he_o obtain_v the_o victory_n and_o so_o clear_v his_o lady_n honour_n of_o which_o she_o yet_o receive_v so_o little_a satisfaction_n that_o she_o forsake_v her_o husband_n and_o retire_v into_o a_o monastery_n where_o she_o end_v her_o day_n about_o this_o time_n also_o as_o simeon_n of_o durham_n bromton_n chronicle_n and_o other_o author_n inform_v we_o king_n hardecnute_n be_v high_o incense_v against_o live_v bishop_n of_o worcester_n and_o earl_n godwin_n for_o the_o death_n of_o his_o half_a brother_n alfred_n son_n to_o king_n ethelred_n alfric_n archbishop_n of_o york_n accuse_v they_o both_o of_o have_v persuade_v king_n harold_n to_o use_v he_o so_o cruel_o as_o you_o have_v already_o hear_v the_o bishop_n and_o earl_n be_v thus_o accuse_v before_o king_n hardecnute_n the_o former_a be_v deprive_v of_o his_o bishopric_n and_o the_o latter_a be_v also_o in_o very_o great_a danger_n but_o not_o long_o after_o the_o king_n be_v appease_v with_o money_n the_o bishop_n be_v again_o restore_v and_o as_o for_o earl_n godwin_n he_o have_v also_o incur_v some_o heavy_a punishment_n have_v he_o not_o be_v so_o cunning_a as_o to_o buy_v his_o peace_n as_o these_o author_n relate_v by_o present_v the_o king_n with_o a_o galley_n most_o magnificent_o equip_v have_v a_o gild_a stern_n and_o furnish_v with_o all_o convenience_n both_o for_o war_n and_o pleasure_n and_o man_v with_o eighty_o choice_a soldier_n every_o one_o of_o who_o have_v upon_o each_o arm_n a_o golden_a bracelet_n weigh_v sixteen_o ounce_n with_o helmet_n and_o corslet_n all_o gilt_n as_o be_v also_o the_o hilt_n of_o their_o sword_n have_v a_o danish_a battle-axe_n adorn_v with_o silver_n and_o gold_n hang_v on_o his_o left_a shoulder_n whilst_o in_o his_o left_a hand_n he_o hold_v a_o shield_n the_o boss_n and_o nail_n of_o which_o be_v also_o gild_v 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northumbrian_n and_o other_o with_o great_a force_n and_o order_n to_o kill_v all_o the_o man_n plunder_v and_o burn_v the_o city_n and_o waste_v the_o country_n round_o about_o on_o the_o evening_n precede_v the_o thirteen_o of_o november_n they_o begin_v to_o put_v his_o command_n in_o execution_n and_o continue_v both_o waste_a and_o spoil_v the_o city_n and_o country_n for_o four_o day_n together_o but_o few_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o can_v be_v lay_v hold_n of_o the_o countryman_n shift_v for_o themselves_o every_o man_n as_o well_o as_o they_o can_v and_o the_o citizen_n betake_v themselves_o to_o a_o little_a island_n in_o the_o severne_n call_v beverege_n which_o they_o fortify_v and_o vigorous_o stand_v upon_o their_o defence_n till_o their_o opposer_n be_v tire_v out_o and_o spend_v be_v force_v to_o make_v peace_n with_o they_o and_o so_o suffer_v they_o to_o return_v quiet_o home_o this_o be_v not_o do_v till_o the_o five_o day_n when_o the_o city_n be_v burn_v 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duke_n william_n be_v return_v without_o any_o satisfactory_a answer_n from_o king_n harold_n the_o duke_n employ_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o year_n in_o prepare_v all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o his_o expedition_n hire_v soldier_n out_o of_o his_o own_o country_n with_o large_a pay_n and_o invite_a stranger_n from_o abroad_o with_o great_a allowance_n so_o that_o upon_o the_o muster_n of_o his_o force_n he_o find_v that_o they_o do_v not_o only_o excel_v in_o strength_n of_o body_n and_o height_n of_o stature_n but_o also_o the_o chief_a commander_n and_o captain_n of_o they_o be_v as_o remarkable_a for_o their_o valour_n as_o for_o their_o experience_n and_o conduct_n also_o his_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n strive_v with_o the_o nobility_n who_o shall_v by_o their_o liberal_a contribution_n most_o advance_v this_o enterprise_n but_o that_o the_o duke_n may_v not_o prejudice_v the_o equity_n of_o his_o cause_n by_o precipitation_n he_o send_v ambassador_n to_o pope_n alexander_n who_o do_v 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one_o to_o come_v to_o he_o then_o he_o speak_v they_o fair_a and_o desire_v they_o to_o contribute_v somewhat_o towards_o this_o war_n whereupon_o as_o if_o they_o have_v strive_v who_o shall_v most_o large_o assist_v their_o prince_n they_o promise_v he_o liberal_o and_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v present_o register_v whatsoever_o they_o have_v promise_v it_o amount_v to_o a_o vast_a sum_n more_o than_o most_o man_n can_v reasonable_o ever_o have_v believe_v this_o affair_n be_v thus_o dispatch_v he_o next_o crave_v aid_n of_o the_o prince_n his_o neighbour_n to_o wit_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o anjou_n poictou_n mlxvi_o maine_n and_o bretaigne_n unto_o these_o he_o promise_v large_a track_n of_o land_n and_o great_a possession_n in_o england_n but_o how_o much_o each_o of_o these_o prince_n contribute_v to_o this_o expedition_n be_v not_o know_v though_o as_o for_o alan_n earl_n of_o bretaigne_n he_o certain_o be_v so_o great_a a_o assistant_n to_o duke_n william_n that_o he_o be_v after_o this_o conquest_n of_o king_n harold_n make_v earl_n of_o richmond_n and_o have_v great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o give_v he_o by_o william_n when_o he_o come_v to_o be_v king_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o knight_n service_n and_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prince_n abovementioned_a it_o be_v certain_a that_o they_o permit_v duke_n william_n to_o raise_v great_a store_n of_o man_n in_o their_o territory_n who_o be_v head_v by_o divers_a noble_a volunteer_n of_o those_o country_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n afterward_o enjoy_v great_a possession_n in_o england_n as_o a_o reward_n of_o their_o service_n duke_n william_n also_o make_v his_o address_n to_o philip_n king_n of_o france_n and_o go_v in_o person_n to_o solicit_v his_o assistance_n in_o this_o intend_a war_n against_o harold_n voluntary_o offer_v that_o king_n that_o in_o case_n he_o will_v assist_v he_o and_o that_o he_o thereby_o become_v victorious_a to_o hold_v england_n of_o he_o as_o his_o vassal_n which_o king_n philip_n refuse_v to_o accept_v think_v it_o against_o the_o interest_n of_o france_n to_o make_v the_o duke_n of_o normandy_n great_a than_o he_o be_v already_o who_o now_o begin_v not_o to_o be_v so_o pliant_a to_o his_o interest_n as_o he_o think_v the_o many_o obligation_n which_o duke_n william_n owe_v the_o king_n his_o father_n require_v therefore_o as_o the_o grow_a greatness_n of_o a_o neighbour_a prince_n be_v then_o be_v and_o will_v ever_o be_v suspect_v by_o he_o who_o be_v his_o rival_n in_o power_n and_o empire_n so_o king_n philip_n be_v so_o far_o from_o give_v the_o duke_n any_o assistance_n that_o he_o whole_o dissuade_v he_o from_o this_o enterprise_n which_o nevertheless_o he_o vigorous_o pursue_v notwithstanding_o this_o discouragement_n but_o leave_v duke_n william_n to_o his_o warlike_a preparation_n we_o will_v return_v into_o england_n where_o our_o annal_n tell_v we_o that_o earl_n tostige_n have_v be_v meet_v upon_o the_o northern_a coast_n with_o three_o hundred_o norwegian_a ship_n command_v by_o harold_n king_n of_o norway_n to_o who_o when_o he_o have_v join_v those_o he_o have_v with_o they_o they_o all_o sail_v up_o the_o humber_n till_o they_o come_v as_o far_o as_o york_n where_o the_o earl_n brother_n morcar_n and_o eadwin_n meet_v and_o fight_v they_o but_o it_o seem_v the_o king_n of_o norway_n gain_v the_o victory_n ingulph_n be_v more_o express_a in_o this_o affair_n and_o say_v that_o harold_n king_n of_o norway_n sail_v up_o the_o river_n ouse_n as_o far_o as_o york_n where_o the_o fleet_n be_v leave_v under_o a_o strong_a guard_n they_o land_v and_o storm_v york_n and_o soon_o plunder_v it_o and_o slay_v many_o of_o the_o poor_a inhabitant_n but_o the_o two_o earl_n abovemention_v have_v get_v together_o a_o small_a recruit_v of_o ill-armed_a countryman_n be_v easy_o rout_v and_o according_a to_o our_o annal_n when_o king_n harold_n hear_v of_o it_o he_o immediate_o march_v against_o the_o king_n of_o norway_n and_o meet_v he_o at_o staenford-briâ—ge_a in_o yorkshire_n there_o fight_v and_o slay_v that_o king_n with_o earl_n tostige_n his_o own_o brother_n ingulph_n add_v that_o the_o norwegian_n make_v a_o very_a stout_a resistance_n great_a multitude_n of_o they_o be_v slay_v together_o with_o their_o chief_a commander_n so_o that_o king_n harold_n obtain_v a_o entire_a victory_n only_a prince_n olave_n son_n to_o harold_n king_n of_o norway_n and_o paul_n earl_n of_o orcades_n be_v permit_v quiet_o to_o return_v home_o with_o twenty_o ship_n but_o before_o i_o dismiss_v this_o relation_n i_o can_v omit_v a_o remarkable_a example_n of_o one_o single_a norwegian_a who_o stand_v upon_o the_o bridge_n abovementioned_a kill_v more_o than_o forty_o englishman_n with_o his_o battle-axe_n making_z good_a his_o post_n against_o the_o whole_a army_n mlxvi_o till_o three_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n and_o then_o one_o go_v in_o
p._n 280._o hinguar_n their_o captain_n with_o twelve_o hundred_o man_n slay_v near_o the_o castle_n of_o kenwith_n id._n p._n 281._o be_v signal_o beat_v by_o king_n aelfred_n so_o as_o to_o desire_v peace_n on_o condition_n id._n p._n 282_o 283._o the_o law_n make_v between_o they_o and_o king_n aelfred_n in_o a_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n acknowledge_v his_o superiority_n over_o they_o id._n p._n 285._o besiege_v the_o city_n of_o rochester_n build_v a_o strong_a fort_n before_o the_o gate_n of_o it_o but_o however_o they_o be_v force_v to_o retire_v and_o go_v to_o their_o ship_n id._n p._n 286._o one_o fleet_n of_o they_o beat_v by_o king_n alfred_n another_o meet_v he_o on_o his_o return_n home_o prove_v too_o hard_o for_o he_o the_o peace_n late_o make_v with_o king_n alfred_n break_v by_o the_o dane_n of_o east-england_n id._n p._n 286_o 287._o beat_v by_o the_o breton_n and_o by_o arnulf_n the_o emperor_n id._n p._n 298._o infest_v the_o kingdom_n for_o three_o year_n worse_o than_o ever_o their_o land_n in_o kent_n and_o their_o various_a success_n id._n p._n 298_o 299_o 300_o 301_o 302._o fight_v at_o holme_n with_o the_o kentish-man_n and_o their_o success_n l._n 5._o p._n 312_o 313._o break_v their_o league_n with_o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a afterward_o be_v beat_v by_o the_o english_a in_o staffordshire_n id._n p._n 315_o 316._o commit_v great_a ravage_n and_o slaughter_n in_o oxfordshire_n and_o several_a other_o country_n but_o often_o worsted_n id._n p._n 319_o 321._o their_o power_n beginning_n to_o decrease_v and_o that_o of_o the_o english_a to_o increase_v id._n p._n 321_o 322._o burn_v tavistock_n in_o less_o than_o fifty_o year_n after_o it_o be_v found_v l._n 6._o p._n 4._o with_o the_o welshman_n that_o assist_v they_o rout_v by_o howel_n ap_fw-mi jevaf_fw-mi their_o pirate_n destroy_v southampton_n and_o commit_v great_a ravage_n there_o they_o land_n in_o cornwall_n and_o burn_v the_o church_n and_o monastery_n of_o st._n petroc_n id._n p._n 20._o they_o land_n in_o dorsetshire_n and_o spoil_v the_o isle_n of_o portland_n id._n p._n 21._o destroy_v weedport_n that_o be_v watchet_a in_o somersetshire_n id._n p._n 22._o as_o likewise_o the_o whole_a isle_n of_o anglesey_n and_o the_o town_n of_o ipswich_n in_o suffolk_n id._n p._n 23._o several_a tribute_n pay_v they_o and_o yet_o those_o do_v not_o long_o satisfy_v their_o covetousness_n id._n p._n 25_o 29_o 32._o their_o fleet_n escape_v by_o flight_n from_o be_v encompass_v by_o king_n ethelred_n id._n p._n 23._o come_v hither_o again_o with_o ninety_o three_o ship_n and_o ravage_v several_a country_n id._n p._n 24_o 25._o maintain_v by_o the_o westsaxon_n and_o receive_v a_o great_a tribute_n beside_o id._n p._n 25._o take_v much_o plunder_v from_o the_o welsh_a cornwall_n and_o devonshire_n etc._n etc._n id._n p._n 26_o 27._o and_o the_o spoil_n burn_n and_o desolation_n they_o make_v wherever_o they_o come_v id._n p._n 28.29_o 30_o 31_o 32_o 33_o 34_o 35_o 36_o 37_o 38_o 45_o 46_o 47_o 74._o league_n make_v with_o they_o but_o they_o never_o regard_v they_o long_o id._n 28_o 31._o king_n ethelred_n command_v all_o the_o dane_n that_o can_v be_v find_v in_o england_n to_o be_v slay_v with_o the_o reason_n why_o which_o be_v most_o barbarous_o put_v in_o execution_n especial_o at_o london_n but_o not_o long_o after_o it_o be_v bloody_o revenge_v id._n p._n 29_o 30_o 31._o they_o insolent_o demand_v great_a tribute_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n l._n 6._o p._n 35._o two_o thousand_o of_o they_o perish_v by_o divers_a inward_a torment_n their_o submission_n to_o king_n ethelred_n upon_o condition_n id._n p._n 36_o 37._o upon_o a_o peace_n with_o edmond_n ironside_n they_o take_v up_o their_o winter-quarter_n at_o london_n id._n p._n 48._o they_o and_o the_o english_a be_v reconcile_v and_o unite_v at_o oxford_n at_o a_o great_a council_n id._n p._n 51._o at_o the_o election_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n the_o great_a council_n agree_v and_o swear_v that_o no_o danes_n shall_v reign_v over_o they_o any_o more_o and_o why_o id._n p._n 70._o lothen_n and_o yrl_a danes_n with_o five_o and_o twenty_o ship_n land_v at_o sandwic_n commit_v great_a havoc_n and_o carry_v off_o abundance_n of_o booty_n id._n p._n 74._o daniel_n the_o learned_a and_o most_o pious_a bishop_n of_o bangor_n in_o what_o age_n he_o live_v among_o the_o britain_n l._n 3._o p._n 149._o daniel_n be_v wear_v out_o by_o age_n resign_v the_o bishopric_n of_o winchester_n to_o hunferth_n l._n 4._o p._n 224._o his_o death_n after_o he_o have_v be_v three_o and_o forty_o year_n a_o bishop_n id._n p._n 225._o dargo_v a_o river_n near_o york_n not_o far_o from_o which_o stand_v a_o idol-temple_n call_v godmundingham_n in_o king_n edwin_n time_n l._n 4._o p._n 174._o david_n afterward_o saint_v succeed_v dubritius_fw-la in_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o caer-leon_n l._n 3._o p._n 149._o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v uncle_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n to_o king_n athur_n ibid._n st._n david_n destroy_v by_o the_o dane_n who_o slay_v urgeney_n the_o bishop_n of_o that_o see_v l._n 6._o p._n 27._o deadly_a feud_n vid._n quarrel_n death_n none_o to_o die_v for_o small_a offence_n but_o mercy_n to_o be_v show_v to_o such_o criminal_n by_o king_n cnute_n law_n l._n 6._o p._n 58._o he_o that_o die_v in_o fight_n etc._n etc._n his_o heriot_n shâ—ll_v be_v remit_v and_o his_o child_n shall_v equal_o divide_v his_o good_n and_o land_n between_o they_o id._n p._n 60._o decennary_n every_o one_o of_o twelve_o year_n old_a to_o be_v enter_v into_o it_o l._n 6._o p._n 58_o 104._o decianus_n catus_n solicit_v by_o the_o roman_n here_o to_o send_v they_o some_o assistance_n against_o the_o iceni_n and_o trinobantes_n l._n 2._o p._n 47_o 48._o decimation_n a_o very_a strange_a one_o indeed_o which_o the_o dane_n make_v both_o of_o the_o monk_n and_o laity_n so_o that_o but_o one_o out_o of_o ten_o person_n be_v keep_v alive_a l._n 6._o p._n 36._o decius_n scil._n quintus_fw-la trajanus_n a_o great_a enemy_n to_o christianity_n he_o raise_v the_o seven_o persecution_n l._n 2._o p._n 81._o defamation_n punishable_a by_o cut_v out_o the_o tongue_n of_o the_o party_n or_o redeem_v it_o with_o the_o value_n of_o his_o head_n l._n 6._o p._n 13._o degradation_n of_o a_o priest_n for_o murder_n as_o well_o as_o confiscation_n of_o all_o his_o estate_n unless_o his_o lord_n will_v obtain_v his_o pardon_n by_o the_o price_n of_o his_o head_n l._n 5._o p._n 297._o degsastan_a or_o degstan_n where_o adian_n jealous_a of_o ethelfrid_n great_a success_n come_v against_o he_o with_o a_o powerful_a army_n but_o be_v rout_v l._n 4._o p._n 159._o deira_n a_o kingdom_n in_o northumberland_n who_o king_n be_v general_o name_v ella_n l._n 4._o p._n 152._o and_o bernicia_n unite_v into_o one_o kingdom_n in_o oswald_n time_n id._n p._n 178._o demetae_n that_o be_v south-welshman_n l._n 3._o p._n 139_o vid._n venedoti_n denulp_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n his_o education_n advancement_n and_o death_n l._n 5._o p._n 315._o deomed_a suppose_a to_o be_v south-wales_n l._n 5._o p._n 319._o deorham_n now_o durham_n in_o gloucestershire_n l._n 3._o p._n 146._o deposition_n the_o first_o instance_n of_o it_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o great_a council_n l._n 4._o p._n 227._o alhred_a depose_v by_o the_o common_a council_n and_o consent_v of_o his_o own_o subject_n id._n p._n 230._o of_o edwi_n confirm_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n l._n 5._o p._n 354._o &_o sparsim_fw-la deprivation_n of_o bosa_n bishop_n of_o dunmoc_n and_o for_o what_o l._n 4._o p._n 193._o derawnde_v now_o call_v beverley_n in_o yorkshire_n l._n 4._o p._n 202._o desertion_n he_o that_o desert_n his_o lord_n or_o fellow-soldier_n either_o by_o land_n or_o sea_n in_o a_o expedition_n be_v deprive_v both_o of_o life_n and_o estate_n l._n 6._o p._n 60._o devils-ditch_n former_o divide_v the_o mercian_n kingdom_n from_o that_o of_o the_o east-angle_n l._n 4._o p._n 239._o l._n 5._o p._n 313._o devise_v of_o land_n by_o will._n vid._n testament_n deusdedit_v the_o pope_n grant_v adrian_n the_o abbot_n of_o canterbury_n a_o privilege_n concern_v the_o free_a election_n of_o the_o abbot_n of_o that_o monastery_n l._n 4._o p._n 165._o deusdedit_n consecrate_a archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o be_v the_o first_o english_a monk_n that_o have_v ever_o be_v choose_v archbishop_n of_o that_o see_v and_o the_o first_o bishop_n consecrate_v but_o by_o one_o he_o change_v his_o name_n to_o this_o have_v before_o be_v call_v fridona_n or_o fridon_n l._n 4._o p._n 186._o his_o death_n id._n p._n 189._o dicul_n a_o irish_a or_o scotch_a monk_n that_o live_v in_o a_o little_a monastery_n at_o a_o place_n call_v bosenham_n with_o five_o or_o six_o brethren_n in_o great_a
the_o lord's-prayer_n and_o creed_n in_o english_a id._n p._n 225._o predur_n a_o british_a prince_n son_n of_o oliver_z gosgard_n vawr_n a_o prince_n of_o cumberland_n l._n 3._o p._n 147._o prerogative_n a_o pretence_n of_o king_n offa_n unlimited_a power_n in_o ecclesiastical_a as_o well_o as_o civil_a matter_n l._n 4._o p._n 239._o danegelt_n how_o by_o constant_a usage_n it_o become_v a_o prerogative_n l._n 6._o p._n 66._o that_o of_o pardon_v in_o the_o king_n not_o to_o extend_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o party_n injure_v etc._n etc._n id._n p._n 102._o to_o set_v at_o liberty_n any_o captive_a or_o prisoner_n when_o the_o king_n come_v into_o a_o city_n etc._n etc._n id._n ib._n priest_n that_o be_v not_o able_a to_o contain_v may_v marry_v l._n 4._o p._n 155._o to_o learn_v the_o creed_n and_o lord's-prayer_n in_o english_a and_o to_o interpret_v the_o mass_n and_o baptism_n id._n p._n 225._o by_o the_o king_n priest_n must_v be_v mean_v either_o his_o chaplain_n or_o bishop_n l._n 5._o p._n 295._o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n by_o priest_n how_o punishable_a id._n p._n 297._o priscilla_n and_o other_o heretic_n of_o his_o party_n be_v sentence_v to_o death_n by_o maximus_n the_o emperor_n l._n 2._o p._n 96._o probus_n m._n aurel._n valer._n succeed_v claudius_n tacitus_n in_o the_o empire_n vanquish_v bonosus_n who_o upon_o it_o hang_v himself_o prevent_v a_o new_a rebellion_n in_o britain_n gain_v other_o victory_n elsewhere_o and_o at_o last_o be_v slay_v by_o his_o own_o army_n l._n 2._o p._n 82._o prodigy_n a_o great_a fight_n and_o slaughter_n of_o bird_n in_o the_o air_n l._n 4._o p._n 192._o a_o comet_n continue_v three_o month_n carry_v with_o it_o every_o morning_n a_o large_a tail_n like_o a_o pillar_n id._n p._n 196._o another_o appear_v in_o king_n ethelheard_n time_n l._n 4._o p._n 220._o a_o red_a cross_n appear_v in_o the_o heaven_n after_o sun_n set_v id._n p._n 230._o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n appear_v of_o itself_o upon_o man_n clothes_n id._n p._n 235._o a_o light_n frequent_o see_v from_o heaven_n over_o the_o place_n where_o alfwold_n be_v murder_v id._n p._n 236._o immoderate_a lightning_n meteor_n like_o fiery_a dragon_n fly_v in_o the_o air_n id._n p._n 238._o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n see_v in_o the_o moon_n 2d_o nones_n june_n in_o the_o morning_n and_o on_o the_o 3d._n kal._n september_n a_o wonderful_a circle_n see_v round_o the_o sun_n l._n 5._o p._n 248._o a_o appearance_n of_o a_o cross_n in_o daytime_n id._n p._n 250._o strange_a prodigy_n see_v in_o the_o heaven_n l._n 6._o p._n 15._o a_o strange_a cloud_n appear_v about_o midnight_n all_o over_o england_n in_o divers_a colour_n id._n p._n 18._o a_o column_n of_o light_n stream_v down_o from_o heaven_n over_o st._n edward_n the_o martyr_n grave_n id._n p._n 20._o protection_n grant_v ancient_o by_o the_o king_n not_o only_o to_o person_n but_o to_o place_n by_o way_n of_o privilege_n the_o several_a sort_n of_o give_v it_o and_o what_o this_o peace_n as_o it_o be_v call_v be_v to_o free_a person_n from_o l._n 6._o p._n 100_o 101._o provision_n for_o the_o king_n household_n how_o to_o be_v make_v not_o to_o oppress_v the_o subject_n l._n 6._o p._n 59_o punishment_n all_o crime_n redeemable_a by_o pecuniary_a fine_n in_o edward_n the_o elder_n be_v time_n and_o some_o age_n after_o l._n 5._o p._n 326._o ancient_o consist_v in_o pecuniary_a fine_n rather_o than_o in_o blood_n id._n p._n 342._o in_o edgar_n time_n fines_n be_v not_o arbitrary_a nor_o set_v above_o a_o constant_a rate_n l._n 6._o p._n 13._o for_o what_o crime_n no_o satisfaction_n shall_v be_v make_v by_o way_n of_o mulct_n id._n p._n 59_o purgation_n in_o case_n a_o man_n be_v of_o good_a repute_n his_o own_o shall_v be_v accept_v but_o otherwise_o either_o a_o threefold_a one_o or_o his_o single_a oath_n in_o three_o hundred_o l._n 6._o p._n 58_o 59_o pusa_n abbot_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o vocingas_n and_o who_o he_o succeed_v l._n 4._o p._n 231._o putta_fw-mi bishop_n of_o rochester_n be_v force_v to_o retire_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o mercian_n by_o his_o church_n be_v destroy_v and_o there_o die_v this_o very_a man_n be_v make_v the_o first_o bishop_n of_o hereford_n l._n 4._o p._n 196._o q_o quarrel_n or_o deadly_a feud_n king_n alfred_n law_n concern_v it_o l._n 5._o p._n 296._o king_n edmund_n law_n about_o it_o id._n p._n 347._o the_o indian_n deadly_a feud_n against_o all_o the_o kindred_n of_o one_o that_o murder_v any_o of_o they_o id._n ib._n queen_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o eadburga_n ill_a conduct_n of_o herself_o both_o as_o wife_n to_o brihtric_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n who_o she_o poison_v and_o as_o widow_n upon_o divers_a other_o account_n a_o law_n be_v make_v that_o for_o the_o future_a no_o king_n consort_n shall_v be_v so_o call_v l._n 5._o p._n 264._o quenburga_n daughter_n of_o ceorle_n king_n of_o mercia_n and_o wife_n to_o king_n edwin_n l._n 4._o p._n 174._o quendride_a sister_n to_o king_n kenelm_n son_n to_o kenwulf_n king_n of_o mercia_n make_v her_o brother_n away_o out_o of_o a_o wicked_a ambition_n of_o reign_v herself_o and_o the_o dreadful_a judgement_n that_o befall_v she_o upon_o it_o l._n 5._o p._n 252._o be_v force_v to_o make_v satisfaction_n to_o archbishop_n wilfrid_n for_o the_o wrong_n that_o king_n kenwulf_n her_o father_n have_v do_v to_o the_o church_n of_o canterbury_n afterward_o profess_v herself_o a_o nun_n and_o at_o this_o time_n be_v a_o abbess_n id._n p._n 253._o quendrith_n by_o her_o wicked_a instigation_n ethelbert_n the_o son_n of_o ethelred_n king_n of_o the_o east-angle_n be_v slay_v go_v to_o offa_n court_n in_o order_n to_o woo_v his_o daughter_n l._n 4._o p._n 237._o quichelme_fw-mi bishop_n of_o rochester_n when_o he_o govern_v that_o see_v l._n 4._o p._n 201._o r_o radnor_n the_o town_n destroy_v by_o meredyth_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n l._n 6._o p._n 23._o radnorshire-man_n suppose_v by_o cambden_n to_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o magaeseton_n l._n 6._o p._n 46._o raven_n the_o raven-banner_n vid._n banner_n reculf_n a_o monastery_n build_v by_o basse_fw-fr a_o priest_n l._n 4.192_o now_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o reculver_n in_o kent_n id._n p._n 205._o redburge_n wife_n of_o king_n egbert_n be_v according_a to_o the_o then_o west-saxon_a law_n never_o call_v queen_n what_o law_n she_o be_v say_v to_o have_v procure_v from_o her_o husband_n l._n 5._o p._n 257._o redwald_n call_v the_o great_a king_n of_o the_o east-angle_n the_o ten_o from_o woden_n l._n 3._o p._n 146._o l._n 4._o p._n 171._o his_o death_n id._n p._n 157._o receive_v edwin_n who_o have_v be_v force_v to_o fly_v the_o country_n of_o northumberland_n very_o kind_o id._n p._n 169._o slay_v ethelfrid_n in_o battle_n id._n p._n 170._o have_v be_v baptise_a in_o kent_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o eadbald_n but_o be_v afterward_o by_o his_o wife_n and_o other_o pervert_v from_o the_o true_a faith_n id._n p._n 175._o he_o be_v the_o four_o king_n that_o rule_v over_o all_o britain_n l._n 5._o p._n 254._o succeed_v ethelred_n who_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n but_o soon_o after_o fight_v with_o the_o dane_n at_o alvethelie_o he_o and_o earl_n alfred_n be_v slay_v l._n 5._o p._n 260._o rees_n the_o brother_n of_o griffyn_n king_n of_o south-wales_n be_v by_o the_o command_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n put_v to_o death_n for_o his_o insosolency_n against_o the_o english_a and_o his_o head_n send_v to_o the_o king_n l._n 6._o p._n 85._o reginald_n succeed_v eowil_n and_o healfden_a as_o king_n over_o the_o dane_n l._n 5._o p._n 315._o enter_v into_o a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n with_o aelfwinna_n daughter_n of_o aethelfleda_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n id._n p._n 320._o submit_v his_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a id._n p._n 323_o 324._o he_o take_v york_n id._n p._n 324._o be_v the_o son_n of_o eardulph_n id._n ibid._n eadmund_n receiveâ—_n he_o at_o his_o confirmation_n id._n p._n 3â—3_n be_v call_v king_n of_o york_n because_o he_o have_v conquer_v that_o country_n id._n p._n 344._o regni_fw-la those_o part_n we_o now_o call_v surrey_n and_o sussex_n l._n 2._o p._n 69._o reiderch-hoel_a that_o be_v the_o liberal_a a_o british_a king_n of_o cumberland_n l._n 3._o p._n 146_o 147._o religion_n none_o ought_v to_o be_v compel_v to_o receive_v it_o for_o the_o service_n of_o christ_n be_v to_o be_v voluntary_a l._n 4._o p._n 154._o the_o state_n of_o it_o in_o the_o western_a church_n when_o augustine_n come_v over_o hither_o id._n p._n 155._o the_o christian_a religion_n come_v not_o first_o into_o britain_n by_o the_o preach_a of_o any_o person_n send_v from_o rome_n but_o it_o be_v most_o
and_o to_o who_o l._n 5._o p._n 293._o trumbrith_n or_o trumbert_n when_o consecrate_a bishop_n of_o hagulstade_n l._n 4._o p._n 201._o trumwin_n consecrate_a bishop_n of_o the_o pict_n this_o be_v the_o bishopric_n of_o wyterne_n call_v in_o latin_a candida_fw-la casa_n l._n 4._o p._n 201._o trutulensis_n a_o port_n suppose_v by_o mr._n somner_n to_o be_v richborough_n near_o sandwich_n l._n 2._o p._n 63._o trial_n the_o antiquity_n of_o they_o by_o a_o grand_a inquest_n of_o more_o than_o twelve_o man_n l._n 6._o p._n 43._o tuda_n bishop_n of_o lindisfarne_n die_v of_o the_o plague_n and_o where_o bury_v l._n 4._o p._n 189_o 190._o tudric_n king_n of_o glamorgan_n say_v to_o have_v exchange_v his_o crown_n for_o a_o hermitage_n but_o afterward_o go_v out_o of_o it_o against_o the_o saxon_n in_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o son_n mouric_n he_o receive_v a_o mortal_a wound_n l._n 3._o p._n 148_o 149._o tudwall_n gloff_n or_o the_o lame_a why_o he_o be_v so_o call_v l._n 5._o p._n 317._o turkytel_fw-mi a_o danish_a earl_n own_v king_n edward_n the_o elder_a for_o his_o lord_n l._n 5._o p._n 319._o go_v into_o france_n with_o king_n edward_n leave_n and_o convoy_n with_o what_o danes_n will_v follow_v he_o id._n p._n 320._o the_o chancellor_n his_o great_a valour_n and_o slaughter_n of_o constantine_n and_o anlaff_n army_n and_o his_o narrow_a escape_n from_o be_v kill_v by_o they_o id._n p._n 335_o 336._o afterward_o he_o be_v abbot_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n id._n p._n 336_o 349._o send_v ambassador_n by_o king_n edred_n to_o the_o northumber_n to_o reduce_v they_o to_o their_o duty_n id._n p._n 349._o carry_v archbishop_n oskytel_n his_o kinsman_n body_n to_o bedford_n to_o be_v bury_v l._n 6._o p._n 7._o his_o death_n id._n p._n 12._o turne-island_n former_o call_v the_o isle_n of_o medcant_a l._n 3._o p._n 146._o turpilianus_n petronius_n send_v in_o paulinus_n suetonius_n his_o room_n as_o be_v more_o exorable_a to_o the_o britain_n l._n 2._o p._n 51._o twelfhind-man_n one_o that_o be_v worth_a twelve_o hundred_o shilling_n of_o estate_n l._n 5._o p._n 346._o twihind-man_n one_o worth_n two_o hundred_o shilling_n of_o estate_n they_o both_o to_o join_v together_o to_o apprehend_v a_o thief_n if_o know_v where_o he_o be_v id._n ib._n tyrant_n say_v to_o be_v just_o remove_v for_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o military_a force_n of_o their_o kingdom_n l._n 5._o p._n 253._o tithe_n to_o be_v pay_v according_a to_o the_o scripture_n the_o first_o decree_n of_o any_o council_n in_o england_n concern_v the_o payment_n of_o they_o and_o that_o declare_v they_o to_o be_v of_o divine_a right_n l._n 4._o p._n 234._o aethelwulfe_n famous_a and_o solemn_a grant_n of_o they_o which_o be_v the_o first_o general_n law_n that_o ever_o be_v make_v in_o a_o mycel_n synod_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n for_o their_o payment_n id._n p._n 263._o edgar_n law_n concern_v they_o and_o first-fruit_n l._n 6._o p._n 13._o edward_n the_o confessor_n law_n concern_v what_o thing_n small_a tithe_n shall_v be_v pay_v out_o of_o id._n p._n 100_o tything_n when_o county_n be_v first_o thus_o divide_v by_o king_n alfred_n l._n 5._o p._n 291._o every_o man_n of_o free_a condition_n oblige_v to_o enter_v himself_o into_o some_o tything_n l._n 6._o p._n 58_o 104._o five_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n in_o edwi_n time_n for_o above_o a_o year_n and_o what_o enormity_n be_v commit_v during_o that_o time_n l._n 5._o p._n 354._o valentia_n who_o order_v the_o northern_a province_n of_o britain_n to_o be_v for_o the_o future_a call_v valentia_n and_o why_o l._n 2._o p._n 93._o in_o france_n defend_v by_o constantine_n against_o honorius_n id._n p._n 102._o valentinian_n choose_a emperor_n by_o the_o army_n at_o nice_a in_o bythinia_n and_o not_o long_o after_o declare_v valens_n his_o brother_n partner_n in_o the_o empire_n l._n 2._o p._n 91._o be_v again_o restore_v to_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o west_n by_o theodosius_n but_o hold_v it_o not_o long_o for_o he_o be_v strangle_v by_o arbogastes_n at_o vienne_n in_o gallia_n id._n p._n 97._o valentinus_n plot_v with_o some_o soldier_n against_o theodosius_n they_o be_v seize_v and_o deliver_v to_o dulcitius_n to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n l._n 2._o p._n 93._o valerianus_n pub._n licinius_n emperor_n be_v make_v the_o footstool_n of_o the_o tyrant_n sapores_fw-la king_n of_o persia_n for_o seven_o year_n then_o flay_v alive_a and_o so_o die_v l._n 2._o p._n 81._o valuation_n the_o valuation_n of_o man_n head_n fâ—om_o the_o king_n be_v down_o to_o the_o countreyman_n l._n 5._o p._n 341_o 342._o vectius_n bolanus_n succeed_v trebellius_n maximus_n in_o the_o government_n of_o britain_n l._n 2._o p._n 53._o can_v not_o attempt_v any_o thing_n on_o the_o britain_n because_o of_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o army_n id._n p._n 54._o venedoti_n and_o daemetae_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o wales_n l._n 2._o p._n 85._o l._n 3._o p._n 139._o venutius_n a_o prince_n of_o the_o jugantes_fw-la l._n 2._o p._n 45._o be_v high_o provoke_v by_o the_o injury_n of_o queen_n cartismandua_n his_o wife_n he_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o roman_n she_o dâ—spises_v he_o and_o embrace_v a_o adulterer_n id._n ib._n this_o war_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v begin_v in_o nero_n time_n id._n p._n 46._o but_o be_v carry_v on_o against_o the_o roman_n euâ—n_v till_o and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o tbe_n emperor_n vitellius_n id._n p._n 54._o veranius_n waste_v the_o silures_n by_o many_o small_a iâ—cursions_n a_o man_n of_o great_a vanity_n and_o ambition_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o last_o will_n l._n 2._o p._n 46._o verulam_n that_o be_v st._n alban_n the_o great_a council_n which_o be_v hold_v there_o l._n 4._o p._n 239._o vespasian_n flavius_n afterward_o emperor_n partly_o under_o claudius_n partly_o under_o plautius_n fight_v thirty_o battle_n with_o the_o britain_n l._n 2._o p._n 39_o 41._o bring_v two_o powerful_a nation_n and_o above_o twenty_o town_n with_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n under_o his_o subjection_n id._n p._n 41._o titus_n his_o son_n serve_v under_o he_o as_o a_o tribune_n be_v much_o renown_v for_o his_o valour_n id._n ib._n succeed_v vitellius_n who_o be_v depose_v about_o the_o ten_o month_n of_o his_o reign_n id._n p._n 54._o his_o death_n when_o id._n p._n 56._o vespasian_n titus_n succeed_v and_o rather_o exceed_v than_o equal_v his_o father_n in_o valour_n and_o worth_n l._n 2._o p._n 56._o for_o the_o great_a achievement_n of_o agricola_n he_o be_v fifteen_o time_n salute_v imperator_n or_o general_n be_v style_v the_o delight_n of_o mankind_n but_o yet_o die_v as_o suspect_v by_o poison_n id._n p._n 57_o a_o cohort_n of_o he_o have_v slay_v a_o centurion_n and_o other_o soldier_n desert_v and_o go_v to_o sea_n turn_v pirate_n where_o ever_o they_o land_v but_o at_o last_o the_o suevian_o and_o frisian_n take_v and_o sell_v they_o as_o pirate_n id._n p._n 59_o uffa_o the_o eight_o king_n from_o woden_n and_o first_o of_o the_o east-angle_n l._n 3._o p._n 149._o get_v himself_o make_v sole_a king_n and_o govern_v with_o that_o glory_n that_o it_o be_v say_v the_o king_n descend_v from_o he_o be_v call_v uffing_n how_o long_o he_o reign_v uncertain_a id._n ib._n vicedomini_a that_o be_v the_o governor_n of_o province_n divide_v by_o king_n alfred_n into_o two_o office_n viz._n judge_n and_o sheriff_n l._n 5._o p._n 291._o victor_n elect_a pope_n in_o the_o room_n of_o leo_n that_o holy_a bishop_n of_o rome_n l._n 6._o p._n 85._o his_o decease_n and_o who_o succeed_v he_o id._n p._n 87._o victorinus_n a_o roman_a governor_n in_o britain_n l._n 2._o p._n 104._o vienne_n a_o city_n in_o dauphine_n where_o constans_n be_v slay_v l._n 2._o p._n 103._o villain_n if_o he_o wrought_v on_o holiday_n he_o be_v to_o satisfy_v it_o with_o his_o skin_n that_o be_v by_o whip_v or_o pay_v his_o head-gild_a etc._n etc._n l._n 5._o p._n 285._o villain_n great_a and_o prosperous_a one_o often_o meet_v with_o the_o punishment_n they_o deserveâ—_n as_o well_o the_o actor_n as_o contriver_n l._n 2._o p._n 96._o virgilius_n the_o scoâ—ish_a abbot_n his_o decease_n l._n 5._o p._n 312._o virgin_n geoffrey_n of_o monmouth_n story_n of_o ursula_n be_v send_v over_o to_o britain_n and_o eleven_o thousand_o noble_a virgin_n to_o attend_v she_o beside_o sixty_o thousand_o of_o mean_a condition_n she_o to_o be_v bestow_v on_o conan_n and_o the_o rest_n on_o the_o other_o britain_n and_o their_o end_n l._n 2._o p._n 96_o 97._o vitalian_n the_o pope_n confirm_v by_o his_o bull_n king_n wulfher_n charter_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o medeshamsted_n l._n 4._o p._n 187._o this_o bull_n be_v confirm_v by_o pope_n agatho_n id._n p._n 200._o ulfkytel_fw-mi the_o ealdorman_a his_o sharp_a engagement_n with_o the_o dane_n and_o the_o
dicitur_fw-la convocati_fw-la i_o e._n beside_o many_o other_o very_o eminent_a person_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o divers_a order_n be_v omit_v who_o with_o most_o pious_a affection_n be_v witness_n and_o approver_n to_o this_o confirmation_n and_o these_o be_v summon_v at_o that_o time_n by_o the_o royal_a authority_n from_o divers_a province_n and_o city_n to_o the_o general_n synod_n hold_v at_o the_o famous_a abbey_n of_o westminster_n for_o the_o hear_n and_o determine_v of_o the_o cause_n of_o each_o christian_a church_n this_o be_v a_o authority_n which_o seem_v so_o convince_a that_o sir_n william_n dugdale_n have_v make_v use_n of_o it_o in_o his_o origines_fw-la juridiciales_fw-la to_o prove_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n in_o parliament_n yet_o dr._n brady_n in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n cook_n be_v argumentum_fw-la antinormanicum_n accuse_v that_o gentleman_n of_o be_v both_o ignorant_a and_o mistake_v in_o the_o meaning_n of_o city_n and_o province_n and_o the_o person_n that_o come_v from_o they_o who_o he_o indeed_o will_v have_v to_o be_v not_o any_o representative_n of_o county_n and_o city_n but_o only_o dean_n arch-deacon_n and_o other_o dignify_a person_n and_o church-officer_n as_o well_o of_o the_o laity_n as_o clergy_n who_o be_v summon_v by_o the_o king_n to_o this_o synod_n from_o province_n and_o city_n to_o advise_v and_o inform_v the_o king_n of_o the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o place_n whither_o the_o bishop_n see_v then_o about_o to_o be_v remove_v from_o village_n to_o city_n be_v to_o be_v transfer_v but_o since_o there_o be_v not_o one_o word_n in_o this_o charter_n say_v of_o any_o such_o thing_n and_o that_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o his_o glossary_n render_v the_o word_n provincia_n for_o a_o county_n and_o not_o a_o bishop_n see_v i_o myself_o not_o now_o have_v leisure_n to_o pursue_v such_o nicety_n shall_v refer_v the_o curious_a for_o their_o far_a satisfaction_n to_o the_o eight_o dialogue_n of_o bibliotheca_fw-la politica_fw-la 568._o where_o they_o may_v read_v whatsoever_o he_o have_v say_v against_o it_o sufficient_o answer_v these_o be_v the_o only_a authority_n i_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o at_o this_o time_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n have_v then_o their_o delegate_n or_o representative_n in_o the_o saxon_a witenagemotes_a i_o will_v now_o conclude_v this_o point_n with_o the_o judgement_n of_o that_o learned_a antiquary_n mr._n lambard_n etc._n who_o certain_o understand_v the_o constitution_n of_o this_o ancient_a government_n as_o well_o at_o least_o if_o not_o better_o than_o dr._n brady_n and_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o whereas_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o each_o law_n viz._n those_o make_v by_o the_o saxon_a king_n he_o there_o mention_n all_o the_o act_n be_v say_v to_o pass_v from_o the_o king_n and_o his_o wise_a man_n both_o of_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o law_n each_o statute_n be_v thus_o and_o it_o be_v the_o advice_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o his_o wiseman_n so_o as_o it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v then_o a_o receive_a form_n of_o speech_n to_o signify_v both_o the_o spirituality_n and_o the_o laity_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o great_a nobility_n and_o the_o less_o or_o commons_o by_o this_o one_o word_n witan_n i._n e._n wiseman_n now_o as_o those_o write_a authority_n do_v undoubted_o confirm_v our_o assertion_n of_o the_o continuance_n of_o this_o manner_n of_o parliament_n so_o be_v there_o also_o unwritten_a law_n or_o prescription_n that_o do_v no_o less_o infallible_o uphold_v the_o same_o for_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o in_o every_o quarter_n of_o the_o realm_n a_o great_a many_o borough_n do_v yet_o send_v burgess_n to_o the_o parliament_n which_o be_v nevertheless_o so_o couâ—â—iâ—s_n ancient_a and_o so_o long_o since_o decay_v and_o go_v to_o nought_o that_o it_o can_v be_v show_v that_o they_o have_v be_v of_o any_o reputation_n at_o any_o time_n since_o the_o conquest_n and_o much_o less_o that_o they_o have_v obtain_v this_o privilege_n by_o the_o grant_n of_o any_o king_n succeed_v the_o same_o so_o that_o the_o interest_n which_o they_o have_v in_o parliament_n grow_v by_o a_o ancient_a usage_n before_o the_o conquest_n whereof_o they_o can_v show_v any_o beginning_n which_o thing_n be_v also_o confirm_v by_o a_o contrary_a usage_n in_o the_o selfsame_a thing_n for_o it_o be_v likewise_o know_v that_o they_o of_o ancient_n demesne_n do_v prescribe_v in_o not_o send_v to_o the_o parliament_n for_o which_o reason_n also_o they_o be_v neither_o contributor_n to_o the_o wage_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n neither_o be_v they_o bind_v by_o sundry_a act_n of_o parliament_n though_o the_o same_o be_v general_o pen_v and_o do_v make_v no_o exception_n of_o they_o but_o there_o be_v no_o ancient_a demesne_n save_v that_o only_a which_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o book_n of_o doomsday_n under_o the_o title_n of_o terra_fw-la regis_fw-la which_o of_o necessity_n must_v be_v such_o as_o either_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o conqueror_n himself_o who_o make_v the_o book_n or_o of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n that_o be_v before_o he_o and_o so_o again_o if_o they_o of_o ancient_a demesne_n have_v ever_o since_o the_o conquest_n prescribe_v not_o to_o elect_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n than_o no_o doubt_n there_o be_v a_o parliament_n before_o the_o conquest_n to_o the_o which_o they_o of_o other_o place_n do_v send_v their_o burgess_n i_o shall_v here_o crave_v leave_n to_o add_v one_o record_n though_o after_o the_o conquest_n in_o confirmation_n of_o what_o mr._n lambard_n have_v here_o learned_o assert_v for_o that_o several_a borough_n claim_v to_o send_v member_n to_o parliament_n by_o prescription_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o appear_v by_o a_o 20._o petition_n put_v in_o to_o that_o king_n an._n 17_o edw._n 3._o wherein_o the_o burgess_n of_o the_o town_n of_o barnstaple_n in_o devonshire_n set_v forth_o that_o it_o be_v a_o free_a borough_n have_v by_o charter_n from_o king_n athelstan_n among_o other_o privilege_n a_o right_a of_o send_v two_o burgess_n to_o all_o parliament_n for_o the_o say_a borough_n upon_o which_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n order_v a_o writ_n of_o inquiry_n which_o certain_o will_v never_o have_v be_v do_v if_o dr._n brady_n notion_n be_v true_a that_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n never_o send_v any_o representatives_n to_o parliament_n but_o once_o in_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o hen._n 3._o and_o then_o no_o more_o till_o the_o 18_o the_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o which_o be_v but_o a_o little_a above_o 50_o year_n to_o the_o time_n of_o this_o petition_n which_o be_v within_o the_o memory_n of_o so_o many_o then_o live_v the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n will_v never_o have_v order_v a_o writ_n of_o inquiry_n about_o such_o a_o vain_a and_o idle_a pretence_n from_o all_o which_o i_o think_v it_o may_v safe_o be_v conclude_v that_o this_o learned_a antiquary_n abovementioned_a i_o mean_v mr._n lambard_n do_v not_o without_o good_a authority_n believe_v that_o not_o only_o the_o great_a lord_n or_o peer_n but_o also_o the_o inferior_a nobility_n and_o representative_n of_o city_n and_o town_n be_v include_v under_o the_o word_n witan_n and_o likewise_o that_o those_o place_n claim_v that_o privilege_n by_o prescription_n i_o shall_v therefore_o desire_v the_o doctor_n that_o when_o he_o write_v next_o upon_o this_o subject_a he_o will_v please_v to_o crave_v in_o aid_n some_o gentleman_n of_o the_o long_a robe_n of_o his_o opinion_n to_o help_v he_o to_o answer_v this_o argument_n of_o mr._n lambard_n from_o general_a prescription_n as_o also_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v concern_v this_o matter_n in_o the_o same_o dialogue_n of_o bibliotheca_fw-la politica_fw-la abovementioned_a begin_v at_o pag._n 483_o and_o end_v at_o pag._n 593_o inclusive_o and_o if_o he_o can_v then_o with_o his_o assistance_n prove_v all_o our_o ancient_a lawyer_n to_o have_v be_v mistake_v in_o this_o memorable_a point_n i_o shall_v own_v myself_o to_o have_v be_v so_o too_o but_o i_o desire_v this_o may_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o that_o no_o prescription_n whatsoever_o in_o law_n can_v be_v lay_v of_o late_a date_n than_o the_o first_o year_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o which_o begin_v almost_o fourscore_o year_n before_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o hen._n 3._o when_o he_o fancy_v the_o commons_o be_v first_o summon_v to_o parliament_n but_o that_o i_o may_v be_v as_o brief_a as_o i_o can_v i_o shall_v reduce_v what_o i_o have_v further_o to_o say_v upon_o this_o head_n to_o a_o few_o query_n as_o first_o whether_o in_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o europe_n of_o the_o gothic_a model_n begin_v with_o sweden_n and_o denmark_n and_o end_v with_o scotland_n there_o can_v
be_v show_v any_o of_o they_o wherein_o the_o city_n and_o great_a town_n either_o have_v not_o or_o at_o least_o not_o till_o of_o modern_a time_n their_o particular_a representative_n in_o the_o common_a council_n or_o assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n in_o those_o kingdom_n second_o why_o in_o england_n alone_o who_o king_n be_v not_o more_o absolute_a than_o in_o other_o neighbour_a kingdom_n and_o which_o be_v frame_v after_o the_o same_o gothic_a constitution_n its_o city_n and_o ancient_a borough_n which_o be_v in_o those_o time_n very_o considerable_a for_o strength_n trade_n and_o wealth_n and_o guard_v by_o so_o many_o law_n make_v in_o the_o saxon_a time_n shall_v not_o be_v think_v considerable_a enough_o to_o have_v any_o delegate_n in_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n till_o so_o long_a after_o the_o conquest_n as_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o hen._n 3._o which_o if_o we_o may_v believe_v the_o doctor_n be_v also_o intermit_v from_o that_o time_n for_o above_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o year_n till_o the_o 18_o the_o of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o beside_o which_o i_o will_v also_o propose_v these_o far_a query_n concern_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o general_n as_o first_o if_o clerus_fw-la and_o populus_fw-la signify_v in_o our_o ancient_a author_n the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n which_o the_o doctor_n assert_n and_o i_o will_v not_o oppose_v then_o i_o will_v ask_v he_o why_o the_o same_o word_n clerus_fw-la include_v the_o inferior_a clergy_n viz._n dean_n archdeacon_n etc._n etc._n as_o well_o as_o the_o superior_a viz._n archbishop_n and_o bishop_n etc._n etc._n assemble_v in_o our_o great_a council_n or_o synod_n the_o word_n populus_fw-la must_v not_o be_v allow_v the_o same_o latitude_n of_o signification_n and_o extend_v to_o the_o gentry_n or_o less_o nobility_n together_o with_o the_o chief_a citizen_n and_o burgess_n by_o a_o like_a parity_n of_o reason_n unless_o he_o can_v make_v it_o out_o that_o clerus_fw-la must_v be_v understand_v in_o a_o very_a comprehensive_a sense_n and_o populus_fw-la in_o a_o very_a contract_a and_o narrow_a one_o only_o to_o mean_v great_a lord_n and_o nobleman_n of_o the_o high_a rank_n second_o i_o will_v desire_v to_o know_v of_o he_o what_o the_o word_n populus_fw-la and_o populi_n shall_v signify_v when_o put_v after_o and_o distinct_a from_o the_o word_n proceres_fw-la optimates_fw-la senatores_fw-la or_o senatus_n etc._n etc._n when_o these_o word_n occur_v in_o several_a ancient_a charter_n of_o our_o english-saxon_a king_n as_o well_o as_o historian_n that_o make_v any_o mention_n of_o the_o great_a council_n unless_o they_o mean_v the_o people_n or_o commons_o distinct_a from_o the_o great_a lord_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v here_o set_v down_o a_o few_o instance_n out_o of_o many_o both_o from_o charter_n law_n and_o historian_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v find_v in_o the_o charter_n of_o king_n ethelred_n contain_v a_o grant_n and_o confirmation_n of_o several_a great_a privilege_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o wolverhampton_n 2._o which_o conclude_v in_o these_o word_n haec_fw-la decreta_fw-la sunt_fw-la sigerici_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la in_o placito_fw-la corà m_fw-la rege_fw-la ethelredo_fw-la &_o eboracensi_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la regionis_fw-la britanniae_fw-la seu_fw-la senatoribus_fw-la ducibus_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la terrae_fw-la the_o next_o be_v the_o three_o charter_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o westminster_n make_v in_o a_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o last_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n 625._o and_o conclude_v thus_o hanc_fw-la igitùr_fw-la chartam_fw-la meae_fw-la donationis_fw-la &_o libertatis_fw-la in_o die_v dedicationis_fw-la praedictae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la recitari_fw-la jussi_fw-la corà m_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la comitibus_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la optimatibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la omnÃabque_fw-la populo_fw-la audiente_fw-la &_o vidente_fw-la now_o from_o both_o these_o charter_n it_o seem_v evident_a that_o by_o the_o word_n populus_fw-la the_o representative_n of_o city_n and_o borough_n be_v here_o mean_v and_o understand_v who_o be_v present_a at_o the_o seal_n of_o they_o as_o well_o as_o the_o great_a nobility_n viz._n the_o senator_n ealdorman_n and_o earl_n and_o the_o lesser_a nobility_n viz._n the_o thanes_z or_o freeholder_n include_v under_o the_o title_n of_o optimates_fw-la since_o the_o mere_a vulgar_a or_o mob_n can_v never_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o place_n of_o the_o great_a council_n as_o witness_n to_o the_o solemn_a read_n and_o seal_v of_o those_o charter_n my_o three_o instance_n shall_v be_v that_o famous_a law_n concern_v the_o grant_n of_o tithe_n by_o king_n ethelwolf_n anno_fw-la dom._n 855._o which_o be_v cite_v in_o the_o 8._o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o confirm_v by_o king_n william_n the_o first_o under_o the_o title_n de_fw-fr apibus_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr aliis_fw-la minutis_fw-la decimis_fw-la wherein_o it_o be_v thus_o express_v haec_fw-la scilicet_fw-la these_o tithe_n concessa_fw-la sunt_fw-la à _fw-la rege_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la here_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o word_n populus_fw-la must_v signify_v a_o distinct_a order_n or_o degree_n of_o man_n from_o that_o of_o the_o barones_n this_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n be_v urge_v by_o mr._n petyt_n in_o his_o right_n of_o the_o commons_o assert_v the_o doctor_n pass_v over_o in_o silence_n but_o when_o the_o ingenious_a author_n of_o argumentum_fw-la antinormanicum_a make_v use_n of_o the_o same_o authority_n the_o doctor_n can_v no_o long_o contain_v himself_o 297._o but_o in_o his_o answer_n to_o that_o book_n tell_v he_o after_o a_o insult_a diminutive_a reflection_n upon_o his_o person_n that_o he_o think_v this_o law_n be_v make_v in_o king_n edward_n day_n and_o be_v piping-hot_a when_o the_o conqueror_n come_v in_o but_o he_o say_v it_o will_v prove_v otherwise_o upon_o examination_n of_o it_o and_o also_o doubtful_a whether_o there_o be_v ever_o such_o a_o law_n or_o not_o make_v by_o a_o saxon_a monarch_n or_o king_n ibid._n for_o after_o the_o law_n have_v enumerate_v the_o manner_n of_o tithing_n in_o very_a many_o thing_n both_o great_a and_o small_a require_v a_o exact_a ten_o to_o be_v pay_v for_o most_o of_o they_o it_o say_v that_o he_o which_o detain_v the_o ten_o if_o need_v be_v may_v be_v force_v to_o payment_n by_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o king_n and_o then_o immediate_o follow_v these_o word_n haec_fw-la autèm_fw-la praedicavit_fw-la beatus_fw-la augustinus_n &_o concessa_fw-la sunt_fw-la à _fw-la rege_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la sed_fw-la posteà _fw-la instinctu_fw-la diaboli_fw-la multi_fw-la eam_fw-la viz._n decimam_fw-la detinuerunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n these_o thing_n st._n augustine_n preach_v up_o and_o they_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n baron_n and_o people_n etc._n etc._n the_o rest_n of_o the_o latin_a he_o there_o cite_v being_n not_o to_o the_o point_n in_o dispute_n i_o pass_v over_o yet_o i_o can_v but_o observe_v that_o from_o hence_o the_o doctor_n believe_v he_o have_v get_v a_o notable_a advantage_n over_o he_o for_o he_o thus_o proceed_v hence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o these_o concession_n of_o tithe_n be_v make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o st._n augustine_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n send_v hither_o from_o rome_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o ethelbert_n king_n of_o kent_n for_o the_o word_n &_o concessa_fw-la sunt_fw-la à _fw-la rege_fw-la baronibus_fw-la et_fw-la populo_fw-la can_v relate_v to_o no_o other_o than_o the_o word_n immediate_o precede_v haec_fw-la enim_fw-la praedicavit_fw-la beatus_fw-la augustinus_n and_o the_o word_n next_o follow_v they_o do_v also_o prove_v the_o same_o sed_fw-la posteà _fw-la instinctu_fw-la diaboli_fw-la multi_fw-la eam_fw-la detinuerunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o be_v after_o they_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n baron_n and_o people_n so_o that_o this_o be_v at_o most_o but_o the_o confirmation_n of_o a_o law_n make_v by_o king_n ethelbert_n and_o how_o and_o by_o what_o word_n the_o legislator_n be_v express_v near_o 500_o year_n after_o the_o law_n make_v and_o how_o they_o be_v render_v in_o latin_a after_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n transient_o and_o without_o design_n to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o they_o can_v be_v of_o much_o value_n to_o prove_v who_o they_o be_v and_o that_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n be_v make_v or_o at_o least_o translate_v into_o norman_a latin_a after_o the_o conquest_n appear_v by_o the_o word_n comites_fw-la barones_n milites_fw-la servientes_fw-la servitium_n villanus_fw-la catalla_n manutenere_fw-mi all_o norman_a word_n and_o not_o know_v here_o till_o their_o come_n hither_o he_o that_o will_v assert_v any_o thing_n from_o a_o single_a uncouth_a expression_n in_o one_o case_n and_o upon_o one_o occasion_n only_o bring_v but_o a_o slender_a proof_n for_o what_o he_o say_v these_o be_v the_o doctor_n be_v own_o word_n which_o i_o have_v transcribe_v almost_o verbatim_o that_o