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head_n cold_a degree_n zone_n 34 3 14.7121 5 false
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A70920 A general collection of discourses of the virtuosi of France, upon questions of all sorts of philosophy, and other natural knowledg made in the assembly of the Beaux Esprits at Paris, by the most ingenious persons of that nation / render'd into English by G. Havers, Gent.; Recueil général des questions traitées és conférences du Bureau d'adresse. 1-100. English Bureau d'adresse et de rencontre (Paris, France); Havers, G. (George); Renaudot, Théophraste, 1586-1653.; Renaudot, Eusèbe, 1613-1679.; Renaudot, Isaac, d. 1680. 1664 (1664) Wing R1034; ESTC R1662 597,620 597

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of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n the_o former_a be_v cause_v by_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o moon_n upon_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o latter_a by_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n upon_o the_o moon_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o vicinity_n for_o the_o sun_n course_n be_v always_o in_o the_o ecliptic_a of_o the_o zodiac_n which_o they_o ordinary_o but_o improper_o call_v a_o line_n be_v rather_o a_o plane_n superficies_n and_o a_o great_a circle_n cut_v the_o sphere_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n ascend_v in_o his_o apogaeum_n and_o descend_v in_o his_o perigaeum_n the_o moon_n likewise_o according_a to_o her_o proper_a motion_n be_v find_v every_o month_n in_o the_o same_o sign_n with_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v call_v her_o conjunction_n and_o make_v the_o new_a moon_n yet_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o she_o be_v either_o in_o the_o south_n or_o the_o north_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o same_o sign_n unless_o when_o pass_v from_o one_o to_o another_o she_o cross_v the_o ecliptic_a wherein_o the_o sun_n make_v his_o course_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o such_o sign_n in_o which_o intersection_n be_v make_v the_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o moon_n be_v then_o direct_o between_o the_o sun_n and_o our_o sight_n this_o point_n of_o intersection_n be_v call_v the_o dragon_n head_n when_o she_o move_v from_o the_o south_n to_o the_o north_n and_o the_o dragon_n tail_n when_o from_o the_o north_n to_o the_o south_n now_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o lunar_a body_n be_v less_o than_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o much_o less_o than_o that_o of_o the_o sun_n scarce_o take_v up_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o pyramid_n form_v by_o the_o visual_a ray_n hence_o the_o sun_n eclipse_n be_v never_o either_o total_a or_o universal_a the_o moon_n not_o be_v capable_a to_o hide_v the_o body_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o those_o who_o behold_v he_o from_o the_o earth_n in_o another_o situation_n after_o her_o conjunction_n with_o the_o sun_n she_o withdraws_a from_o he_o by_o little_a and_o little_a increase_v in_o roundness_n and_o light_n till_o she_o become_v full_o opposite_a to_o the_o sun_n at_o which_o time_n half_a of_o her_o globe_n be_v perfect_o enlighten_v and_o then_o it_o be_v full_a moon_n now_o because_o in_o this_o perfect_a opposition_n the_o earth_n cast_v its_o shadow_n upon_o that_o part_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a which_o be_v opposite_a to_o the_o sun_n if_o in_o this_o opposition_n the_o moon_n happen_v to_o cut_v the_o ecliptic_a she_o enter_v into_o the_o earth_n shadow_n and_o become_v darken_v by_o privation_n of_o the_o sun_n light_n so_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v never_o eclipse_v but_o in_o her_o opposition_n when_o she_o be_v at_o the_o full_a nor_o the_o sun_n but_o at_o new_a moon_n when_o she_o be_v in_o conjunction_n whence_o that_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o appear_v at_o our_o lord_n death_n be_v miraculous_a the_o moon_n be_v then_o natural_o unable_a to_o eclipse_v the_o sun_n by_o her_o interposition_n because_o she_o be_v direct_o opposite_a to_o he_o and_o at_o the_o full._n the_o second_o say_v that_o in_o this_o common_a explication_n of_o eclipse_n the_o parallax_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n cause_v many_o difficulty_n in_o their_o calculation_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o same_o eclipse_n be_v total_a to_o some_o partial_a to_o other_o none_o to_o other_o and_o to_o some_o soon_o and_o long_o than_o to_o other_o beside_o that_o it_o be_v requisite_a to_o have_v as_o many_o new_a calculation_n as_o there_o be_v different_a place_n but_o a_o general_a way_n whereby_o to_o explicate_v eclipse_n so_o perfect_o that_o one_o single_a calculation_n may_v suffice_v for_o the_o whole_a earth_n and_o oftentimes_o for_o several_a eclipse_n can_v be_v have_v without_o knowledge_n of_o the_o distance_n magnitude_n and_o shadow_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o earth_n and_o the_o moon_n which_o be_v these_o the_o sun_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o earth_n about_o 1200._o semidiametres_fw-fr of_o the_o earth_n which_o amount_v to_o almost_o 2000000._o of_o our_o league_n the_o moon_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o earth_n near_o 56._o semidiametres_fw-fr of_o the_o earth_n make_v about_o 90000._o league_n or_o the_o two_o and_o twenty_o part_n of_o the_o sun_n distance_n whence_o at_o new_a moon_n the_o distance_n of_o the_o moon_n from_o the_o sun_n be_v 109000._o league_n and_o so_o the_o sun_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o earth_n twenty_o one_o time_n more_o than_o the_o moon_n as_o for_o the_o magnitude_n of_o these_o body_n the_o diametre_fw-la of_o the_o sun_n be_v about_o six_o time_n as_o big_a as_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o twenty_o one_o time_n as_o great_a as_o that_o of_o the_o moon_n and_o consequent_o exceed_v the_o one_o five_o and_o the_o other_o twenty_o time_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o length_n of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o moon_n be_v proportionate_a to_o their_o distance_n from_o the_o sun_n as_o their_o diametres_fw-fr be_v to_o that_o excess_n the_o shadow_n of_o the_o earth_n shall_v have_v in_o length_n the_o five_o part_n of_o its_o distance_n from_o the_o sun_n namely_o 400000._o league_n and_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o moon_n the_o twenty_o part_n of_o her_o distance_n from_o the_o sun_n namely_o 95500._o league_n these_o shadow_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o moon_n be_v of_o a_o conical_a figure_n the_o base_a whereof_o be_v one_o of_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o cusp_n be_v the_o point_n remove_v from_o their_o base_n according_a to_o the_o abovesaid_a distance_n which_o figure_n proceed_v from_o the_o sun_n be_v be_v great_a than_o the_o moon_n or_o the_o earth_n and_o all_o three_o of_o a_o round_a or_o spherical_a figure_n and_o the_o conical_a shadow_n be_v a_o perfect_a shadow_n admit_v no_o direct_a ray_n from_o the_o sun_n but_o there_o be_v a_o imperfect_a shadow_n about_o the_o same_o admit_v ray_n from_o some_o part_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o not_o from_o all_o and_o as_o the_o imperfect_a shadow_n diminish_v conical_o so_o the_o imperfect_a increase_v conical_o so_o that_o the_o moon_n imperfect_a shadow_n reach_v 90000._o league_n which_o be_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o moon_n from_o the_o earth_n occupy_v round_o about_o the_o perfect_a shadow_n near_o 1000_o league_n on_o each_o side_n because_o it_o be_v in_o proportion_n to_o the_o diametre_fw-la of_o the_o sun_n as_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o earth_n from_o the_o moon_n be_v to_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o moon_n from_o the_o sun_n now_o since_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o be_v 95500._o league_n reach_v further_a than_o the_o moon_n distance_n from_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v but_o 90000._o league_n it_o follow_v that_o at_o new_a moon_n when_o she_o be_v direct_o between_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o earth_n which_o happen_v when_o the_o moon_n be_v twenty_o degree_n before_o or_o after_o either_o the_o head_n or_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o dragon_n the_o point_n of_o her_o shadow_n reach_v to_o the_o earth_n cover_v sometime_o near_o 30._o league_n round_o of_o earth_n with_o perfect_a shadow_n which_o be_v surround_v with_o another_o imperfect_a one_o of_o a_o thousand_o league_n and_o as_o the_o moon_n by_o her_o proper_a motion_n pass_v beneath_o the_o sun_n from_o west_n to_o east_n so_o her_o shadow_n traverse_n the_o earth_n from_o the_o west_n part_n to_o the_o east_n so_o that_o wherever_o the_o point_n of_o the_o perfect_a shadow_n pass_v there_o be_v a_o total_a eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o where_o the_o imperfect_a shadow_n pass_v the_o eclipse_n be_v only_o partial_a but_o great_a according_a as_o you_o be_v near_o the_o perfect_a shadow_n from_o these_o consequence_n may_v be_v draw_v that_o the_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v see_v soon_o in_o the_o west_n part_n of_o the_o earth_n then_o in_o the_o east_n by_o almost_o five_o hour_n which_o be_v the_o time_n that_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v cross_v the_o plane_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n can_v be_v see_v in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n because_o though_o as_o the_o shadow_n move_v it_o cross_v from_o west_n to_o east_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o large_a enough_o to_o cover_v the_o whole_a earth_n from_o north_n to_o south_n that_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o year_n there_o be_v at_o least_o two_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n visible_a in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n sometime_o three_o and_o four_o at_o most_o for_o every_o half_a year_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n pass_v by_o the_o dragon_n head_n if_o the_o new_a moon_n be_v make_v at_o the_o same_o head_n there_o will_v be_v a_o eclipse_n which_o will_v be_v total_a in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o partial_a