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minister_n and_o many_o time_n execute_v for_o their_o ill_a administration_n but_o theodorick_n king_n of_o the_o gothi_n fix_v his_o seat_n at_o ravenna_n be_v that_o which_o advance_v their_o interest_n and_o make_v they_o more_o considerable_a in_o italy_n for_o there_o be_v no_o other_o prince_n leave_v in_o rome_n the_o roman_n be_v force_v for_o protection_n to_o pay_v great_a allegiance_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o yet_o their_o authority_n advance_v no_o far_o at_o that_o time_n than_o to_o obtain_v the_o preference_n before_o the_o church_n of_o ravenna_n but_o the_o lombard_n have_v invade_v and_o reduce_v italy_n into_o several_a canton_n the_o pope_n take_v the_o opportunity_n and_o begin_v to_o hold_v up_o his_o head_n for_o be_v as_o it_o be_v governor_n and_o principal_n at_o rome_n the_o emperor_n of_o constantinople_n and_o the_o lombard_n bear_v he_o a_o respect_n so_o that_o the_o roman_n by_o mediation_n of_o their_o pope_n begin_v to_o treat_v and_o confederate_n with_o longinus_n and_o the_o lombard_n not_o as_o subject_n but_o as_o equal_n and_o companion_n which_o say_v custom_n continue_v and_o the_o pope_n enter_v into_o alliance_n sometime_o with_o the_o lombard_n and_o sometime_o with_o the_o greek_n contract_v great_a reputation_n to_o their_o dignity_n but_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o eastern_a empire_n follow_v so_o close_o under_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n heracleus_n emperor_n in_o who_o time_n the_o schiavi_n a_o people_n we_o mention_v before_o fall_v again_o upon_o illyria_n and_o overran_a it_o and_o call_v it_o sclavonia_n from_o their_o own_o name_n the_o other_o part_n of_o that_o empire_n be_v infest_a first_o by_o the_o persian_n afterward_o by_o the_o saracen_n out_o of_o arabia_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o mahomet_n and_o last_o of_o all_o by_o the_o turk_n and_o have_v lose_v several_a province_n which_o be_v member_n of_o it_o as_o syria_n africa_n and_o egypt_n the_o pope_n lose_v the_o convenience_n of_o the_o emperor_n protection_n in_o time_n of_o adversity_n and_o the_o power_n of_o the_o lombard_n increase_v too_o fast_o on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o think_v it_o but_o necessary_a to_o address_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n for_o assistance_n so_o that_o the_o war_n which_o happen_v afterward_o in_o italy_n be_v occasion_v by_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o several_a inundation_n of_o barbarian_n invite_v by_o they_o which_o manner_n of_o proceed_v have_v continue_v to_o our_o time_n have_v hold_v and_o do_v still_o hold_v italy_n divide_v and_o infirm_a but_o in_o my_o description_n of_o occurrence_n betwixt_o those_o time_n and_o our_o own_o i_o shall_v not_o enlarge_v upon_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o empire_n which_o in_o truth_n receive_v but_o little_a assistance_n from_o the_o pope_n or_o any_o other_o prince_n of_o italy_n till_o the_o day_n of_o charles_n the_o 8_o but_o discourse_n rather_o how_o the_o pope_n with_o their_o censure_n commination_n and_o arm_n mingle_v together_o with_o their_o indulgence_n become_v formidable_a and_o reverence_v and_o how_o have_v make_v ill_a use_n both_o of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o they_o have_v lose_v the_o one_o entire_o and_o remain_v at_o the_o discretion_n of_o other_o people_n for_o the_o other_o but_o to_o reurn_v to_o our_o order_n i_o say_v that_o gregory_n the_o three_o be_v create_v pope_n and_o aistolfus_n king_n of_o the_o lombard_n aistolfus_n contrary_a to_o league_n and_o agreement_n seize_v upon_o ravenna_n and_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o pope_n gregory_n not_o dare_v for_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a to_o depend_v upon_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o the_o fidelity_n of_o the_o lombard_n who_o he_o have_v already_o find_v false_a apply_v himself_o to_o pepin_n the_o second_o who_o from_o lord_n of_o austrachia_n and_o brabantia_n be_v become_v king_n of_o france_n not_o so_o much_o by_o his_o own_o
virtue_n as_o by_o the_o chivalry_n of_o his_o uncle_n pepin_n and_o charles_n martel_n his_o father_n for_o charles_n martel_n be_v governor_n of_o that_o kingdom_n give_v that_o memorable_a defeat_n to_o the_o saracen_n near_o torsi_fw-la upon_o the_o river_n totra_fw-fr in_o which_o above_o 200000._o of_o they_o be_v slay_v upon_o the_o reputation_n of_o which_o victor'y_v under_o the_o discipline_n of_o his_o father_n and_o his_o own_o deportment_n in_o it_o beside_o pepin_n be_v afterward_o make_v king_n of_o that_o kingdom_n to_o who_o when_o pope_n gregory_n apply_v himself_o for_o relief_n against_o the_o lombard_n pepin_n return_v answer_n that_o he_o will_v be_v ready_a to_o assist_v he_o but_o he_o desire_v first_o to_o have_v the_o honour_n to_o see_v he_o and_o pay_v his_o personal_a respect_n upon_o which_o invitation_n pope_n gregory_n go_v into_o france_n pass_v through_o the_o lombard_n quarter_n without_o any_o interruption_n so_o great_a reverence_n they_o bear_v 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he_o emperor_n and_o rome_n begin_v again_o to_o have_v a_o emperor_n of_o the_o west_n and_o whereas_o former_o the_o pope_n be_v confirm_v by_o the_o emperor_n jurisdiction_n the_o emperor_n now_o in_o his_o election_n be_v to_o be_v behold_v to_o the_o pope_n by_o which_o mean_n the_o power_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o empire_n decline_v and_o the_o church_n begin_v to_o advance_v and_o by_o these_o step_n to_o usurp_v upon_o the_o authority_n of_o temporal_a prince_n the_o lombard_n have_v be_v in_o italy_n 222_o year_n so_o long_o as_o to_o retain_v nothing_o of_o their_o original_a barbarity_n but_o their_o name_n charles_n be_v desirous_a to_o reform_v italy_n in_o the_o time_n of_o leo_n iii_o be_v content_v they_o shall_v inhabit_v and_o denominate_v the_o part_n where_o they_o be_v bear_v which_o since_o then_o have_v be_v call_v lombardy_n and_o because_o the_o name_n of_o rome_n be_v venerable_a among_o they_o he_o appoint_v that_o part_n of_o italy_n which_o be_v adjacent_a and_o under_o the_o exarchat_n of_o ravenna_n shall_v be_v call_v romagna_n moreover_o he_o create_v his_o son_n pepin_n king_n of_o italy_n extend_v his_o jurisdiction_n as_o far_o as_o benevento_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v continue_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o grecian_a emperor_n with_o who_o charles_n have_v make_v a_o alliance_n during_o these_o transaction_n cardinal_n pascal_n the_o first_o be_v elect_v pope_n and_o the_o parish_n priest_n in_o rome_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o propinquity_n and_o readiness_n at_o every_o election_n to_o adorn_v their_o power_n with_o a_o more_o illustrious_a title_n begin_v to_o be_v call_v cardinal_n arrogate_a so_o much_o to_o themselves_o especial_o after_o they_o have_v exclude_v the_o voice_n of_o the_o people_n that_o seldom_o any_o pope_n be_v create_v but_o by_o they_o out_o of_o their_o own_o number_n pascal_n be_v dead_a he_o be_v succeed_v by_o eugenius_n the_o second_o of_o the_o order_n of_o santa_n sabina_n italy_n be_v in_o this_o manner_n under_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o french_a pope_n change_v its_o form_n and_o oeconomy_n in_o some_o measure_n for_o the_o pope_n have_v encroach_v upon_o the_o temporal_a authority_n create_v count_n and_o marquess_n as_o longinus_n exarchat_n of_o ravenna_n name_n have_v make_v duke_n before_o after_o some_o few_o ospurcus_n a_o roman_a succeed_v to_o the_o papacy_n who_o not_o satisfy_v with_o the_o uncomliness_n of_o his_o name_n call_v himself_o sergius_n and_o give_v the_o first_o occasion_n for_o the_o change_a their_o name_n which_o have_v since_o be_v frequent_o practise_v at_o their_o several_a election_n about_o this_o time_n charles_n the_o emperor_n die_v and_o his_o son_n lodovic_n succeed_v yet_o not_o so_o quiet_o but_o that_o there_o arise_v so_o many_o and_o so_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o his_o son_n that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o his_o grandchild_n the_o empire_n be_v wrest_v from_o his_o family_n restore_v to_o the_o almain_n and_o the_o next_o german_a emperor_n be_v call_v ainolfus_fw-la nor_o do_v charles_n his_o posterity_n by_o their_o dissension_n lose_v only_o the_o empire_n but_o their_o sovereignty_n in_o italy_n likewise_o for_o the_o lombard_n resume_v courage_n fall_v foul_a upon_o the_o pope_n and_o his_o roman_n who_o not_o know_v to_o who_o protection_n to_o betake_v himself_o be_v constrain_v to_o make_v berengarius_fw-la dukeof_n friuli_fw-la king_n of_o italy_n encourage_v by_o these_o accident_n the_o hunni_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v plant_v in_o pannonia_n take_v heart_n and_o invade_v italy_n but_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n with_o berengarius_fw-la they_o be_v overthrow_v and_o force_v back_o again_o into_o pannonia_n or_o rather_o into_o hungaria_n it_o be_v at_o that_o time_n call_v by_o their_o name_n at_o that_o time_n romano_n be_v emperor_n of_o greece_n who_o be_v general_n of_o his_o army_n have_v usurp_v upon_o constantine_n and_o force_v the_o government_n out_o of_o his_o 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as_o it_o may_v outlive_v he_o and_o flourish_v when_o he_o be_v in_o his_o grave_n and_o though_o rude_a and_o uncultivated_a people_n be_v more_o susceptible_a of_o new_a law_n or_o new_a doctrine_n yet_o man_n that_o be_v civil_a and_o presume_v more_o upon_o their_o education_n be_v not_o altogether_o impenatrable_a the_o people_n of_o florence_n think_v themselves_o no_o fool_n and_o they_o have_v a_o good_a opinion_n of_o their_o breed_n nevertheless_o they_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v delude_v by_o friar_n girolamo_n savonarola_n into_o persuasion_n that_o he_o have_v conference_n with_o god_n a_o person_n of_o his_o gravity_n be_v not_o to_o be_v mention_v but_o with_o reverence_n and_o therefore_o whether_o true_a or_o not_o true_a i_o will_v not_o determine_v only_o this_o i_o shall_v say_v many_o believe_v he_o who_o never_o see_v any_o thing_n extraordinary_a to_o induce_v they_o his_o life_n his_o doctrine_n the_o subject_n of_o his_o discourse_a being_n in_o their_o thought_n enough_o to_o convince_v they_o let_v no_o man_n therefore_o despair_v of_o what_o another_o man_n have_v attain_v for_o man_n as_o i_o say_v in_o my_o preface_n be_v bear_v live_v and_o die_v in_o the_o same_o method_n as_o former_o chap._n xii_o how_o necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o a_o state_n it_o be_v that_o religion_n be_v in_o esteem_n and_o how_o much_o italy_n have_v suffer_v for_o want_n of_o it_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n those_o prince_n and_o commonwealth_n who_o will_v keep_v their_o government_n entire_a and_o incorrupt_a be_v above_o all_o thing_n to_o have_v a_o care_n of_o religion_n and_o its_o ceremony_n and_o preserve_v they_o in_o due_a veneration_n for_o in_o the_o whole_a world_n there_o be_v not_o a_o great_a sign_n of_o imminent_a ruin_n than_o when_o god_n and_o his_o worship_n be_v despise_v this_o be_v easy_o understand_v by_o observe_v upon_o what_o foundation_n the_o religion_n be_v place_v where_o every_o man_n be_v bear_v the_o religion_n of_o the_o gentile_n run_v much_o upon_o the_o answer_n of_o oracle_n upon_o divination_n and_o soothsay_v upon_o which_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o sacrifice_n right_n and_o ceremony_n do_v depend_v for_o they_o do_v not_o doubt_v but_o the_o same_o thing_n that_o can_v presage_v your_o fortune_n be_v it_o good_a or_o be_v it_o bid_v can_v as_o easy_o confer_v it_o and_o therefore_o they_o build_v their_o temple_n they_o make_v their_o sacrifice_n they_o offer_v up_o their_o prayer_n and_o use_v all_o other_o ceremony_n that_o may_v signify_v their_o veneration_n for_o the_o oracle_n of_o delos_n â—he_v temple_n of_o jupiter_n ammon_n and_o such_o other_o thing_n have_v a_o strange_a influence_n upon_o people_n and_o keep_v they_o in_o most_o wonderful_a devotion_n but_o afterward_o when_o they_o begin_v to_o speak_v according_a to_o the_o interest_n or_o direction_n of_o great_a person_n and_o their_o partiality_n begin_v to_o be_v discover_v the_o people_n grow_v incredulous_a and_o prone_a to_o all_o kind_n of_o disturbance_n a_o prince_n therefore_o or_o commonwealth_n ought_v most_o accurate_o to_o regard_v that_o his_o religion_n be_v well_o found_v and_o then_o his_o government_n will_v last_v for_o there_o be_v no_o sure_a way_n than_o to_o keep_v that_o good_a and_o unite_a whatever_o therefore_o occur_v that_o may_v any_o way_n be_v extend_v to_o the_o advantage_n and_o reputation_n of_o the_o religion_n which_o they_o design_v to_o establish_v how_o uncertain_a or_o frivolous_a soever_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o themselves_o yet_o by_o all_o mean_v they_o be_v to_o be_v propagate_v and_o encourage_v and_o the_o wise_a the_o prince_n the_o more_o sure_a it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v this_o course_n have_v be_v observe_v by_o wise_a man_n have_v produce_v the_o opinion_n of_o miracle_n which_o be_v celebrate_v even_o in_o those_o religion_n which_o be_v false_a for_o let_v their_o original_a be_v as_o idle_a as_o they_o please_v a_o wise_a prince_n will_v be_v sure_a to_o set_v they_o forward_o and_o the_o prince_n authority_n recommend_v they_o to_o every_o body_n else_o of_o these_o miracle_n there_o be_v many_o in_o rome_n as_o at_o the_o sack_n of_o urii_fw-la some_o of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n enter_v into_o the_o temple_n of_o juno_n accost_v her_o image_n and_o ask_v it_o vis_fw-fr venire_fw-la roman_n will_v you_o come_v to_o rome_n to_o some_o of_o they_o she_o seem_v to_o beckon_v by_o way_n of_o consent_n and_o other_o fancy_v she_o say_v yes_o for_o those_o man_n be_v more_o than_o ordinary_a religious_a as_o titus_n livius_n infer_v from_o the_o devotion_n and_o reverence_n and_o quietness_n wherewith_o they_o enter_v they_o fancy_v they_o hear_v that_o answer_n which_o it_o be_v possible_a they_o expect_v before_o and_o camillus_n and_o the_o other_o magistrate_n of_o the_o city_n promote_v their_o belief_n and_o if_o this_o diligent_a care_n in_o divine_a worship_n be_v regard_v by_o christian_a prince_n according_a to_o the_o precept_n and_o instruction_n of_o he_o that_o give_v it_o at_o first_o the_o state_n and_o commonwealth_n of_o christendom_n will_v be_v much_o more_o happy_a and_o firm_a nor_o can_v any_o thing_n portend_v the_o ruin_n of_o our_o church_n with_o more_o certainty_n than_o that_o those_o who_o be_v near_a the_o church_n of_o rome_n which_o be_v the_o head_n of_o our_o religion_n shall_v have_v less_o religion_n than_o other_o people_n and_o he_o who_o shall_v consider_v the_o present_a practice_n with_o the_o primitive_a foundation_n will_v find_v that_o either_o utter_a destruction_n or_o some_o great_a judgement_n be_v hang_v over_o our_o head_n and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o felicity_n and_o welfare_n of_o italy_n depend_v upon_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n i_o shall_v set_v down_o some_o few_o reason_n to_o the_o contrary_a which_o i_o have_v frame_v to_o myself_o two_o of_o which_o be_v in_o my_o judgement_n unanswerable_a one_o be_v that_o by_o the_o corrupt_a example_n of_o that_o court_n that_o province_n have_v lose_v all_o its_o religion_n and_o all_o its_o devotion_n which_o have_v be_v follow_v by_o many_o inconvenience_n and_o disorder_n for_o as_o the_o religiousness_n of_o the_o people_n presuppose_v all_o well_o so_o where_o they_o be_v wicked_a it_o betoken_v the_o contrary_a so_o then_o we_o italian_n have_v this_o obligation_n to_o the_o church_n and_o its_o minister_n that_o by_o their_o mean_n we_o be_v become_v heathenish_a and_o irreligious_a beside_o another_o little_o less_o pernicious_a and_o that_o be_v that_o we_o be_v grow_v divide_v and_o factious_a which_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v our_o ruin_n because_o never_o be_v any_o province_n happy_a or_o unite_a unless_o under_o the_o obedience_n of_o one_o commonwealth_n or_o one_o prince_n as_o france_z and_o spain_n at_o this_o time_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o italy_n be_v not_o upon_o the_o same_o term_n as_o have_v no_o one_o republic_n or_o commonwealth_n to_o govern_v it_o but_o the_o church_n and_o though_o the_o pope_n have_v assume_v a_o temporal_a as_o well_o as_o spiritual_a jurisdiction_n yet_o he_o be_v never_o so_o courageous_a or_o powerful_a as_o to_o possess_v himself_o of_o all_o and_o make_v himself_o prince_n nor_o be_v he_o ever_o so_o weak_a but_o upon_o any_o apprehension_n of_o lose_v his_o temporal_a dominion_n he_o can_v call_v in_o some_o foreign_a potentate_n to_o defend_v he_o against_o any_o man_n who_o be_v grow_v too_o formidable_a and_o this_o have_v be_v see_v ancient_o in_o many_o example_n as_o when_o by_o assistance_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a he_o repel_v the_o lombard_n who_o in_o a_o manner_n hacd_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o italy_n and_o when_o again_o in_o our_o day_n he_o retrench_v the_o power_n of_o the_o venetian_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o french_a after_o which_o he_o drive_v out_o the_o french_a by_o the_o succour_n of_o the_o swisser_n the_o church_n therefore_o be_v neither_o so_o strong_a as_o to_o conquer_v all_o italy_n nor_o so_o weak_a as_o to_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v overrun_v by_o any_o body_n else_o have_v be_v the_o occasion_n that_o it_o never_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o one_o person_n but_o have_v be_v cantonize_v into_o several_a principality_n by_o which_o mean_v it_o have_v be_v so_o weak_a and_o disunited_a that_o it_o have_v be_v not_o only_o expose_v as_o a_o prey_n to_o the_o power_n of_o the_o barbarian_n but_o to_o every_o one_o that_o think_v good_a to_o invade_v it_o which_o be_v a_o unhappiness_n we_o italian_n owe_v only_o to_o the_o church_n if_o any_o man_n suspect_v what_o be_v say_v and_o will_v be_v experience_n inform_v himself_o of_o the_o truth_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a he_o shall_v be_v so_o potent_a as_o to_o transplant_v the_o court_n of_o rome_n and_o all_o its_o