two fathom or two fathom and an half For to sayle from the Iade to the Weser then sayle by the third buy over the shoalest of the High way on eastnortheast to the Mellembuye and you shall finde at low water upon the foresayd shoalest place or by the third buy no more water then nine or tenne foote and being over there you shall get againe deeper water and then you are in the Weser Reckon well your tydes for the ebbe falleth very strong northnorthwest out at the Iade and the flood to the contrarie very hard inwards so that you can hardly stemme the tyde when the weather is somewhat calme whereof you must be very carefull For to sayle up into the Iade leave the foresayd third buye on the larboard side and go from thence most south up unto the poynt of the Dyke called Hormerscheel when you are come by the Dyke there the Iadeis wide and broade without the foresayd Dyke standeth a beacon or two for shipps that are bound over the Wadt If you will sayle further up into the Iade then keep the west shoare untill you come thwart of the church without a steeple which standeth by the Dyke there you must leave the west shoare because of the Aentâ—n or Ieppe plate which shooteth off from the Veer alongst the west shoare and sometimes lyeth drye at low Water The west shoare lyeth most southeast somewhat southerly A south and north moon maketh the highest water upon the Jade and it floweth with an ordinary tyde a fathom and an half up and downe The Weser For to saile up the Weser come no nearer Wrangeroogh then seven fathom being in seven fathom then edge off from the shoare into 11 fathom and you shall there finde the first buye at the comming into the Weser lying in seven fathom upon the taile of the Redsand Menser Church that is a flat Church without a steeple in Vroukens land is then southsoutheast from you Being thwart of the first buye and that the west end of Wrangeroogh is southsouthwest from you then you runne over the taile of the Red-sand in five fathom From the outtermost buy to the second third fourth fifth the course is due east which lye all in 7 fathom the south side to wit the Red-sand nearest each a point different from Menser church so that Menser church lyeth from the second south and by east from the third south from the fourth south and by west and from the fifth southsouthwest The fifth buy is called the buy upon the Head for to know that from all the other buyes there standeth a staffe upon it of a halfe fathom long With a white knotte upon it Over against the buye upon the Head lyeth a white buye on the white grounds Betwixt all the foresayd buyes you must reckon wel your tydes the floud commeth out of the north west and falleth alongst over the Red-sand and the ebbe to the contrary The right deep thwart of these foresaid buyes in the comming in is eleven fathom but thwart of the buye upon the Head five fathom at low water Right before the We lyeth the Middle-plate Middle plate the Eastermost or the Innâ—â—side beginneth right to the northwards of the buye upon the Head by the white grounds lyeth alongst the reach of the third buye to reckon from without and is on both sides flat for to sounde about On the west side of the foresaid plate lyeth a white buy about from Menser Church which you must leave in comming in on the larboard-side For to sail from the buye upon the Head out again to the eastwards of this plate unto the Elve Then sound it out about the white grounds in 4 or 5 fathom untill you be out in the sea For to saile further up into the Weser the course from the buye upon the Head unto the sixth buye is southeast northwest Menser Church shall then lie from you south-southwest and by south the Weser is thwart of it about 20 fathom deep From the sixth buye to the seventh that is the buye upon the Cours or the Wapperbuye or the southwest buye because Menset Church lyeth southwest off from it the course is southeast The Jade buy lyeth about south or south by west from this buye From the buye upon the Cours unto the Mellem buye the course is yet southeast which you might sail within ar unawares in sixe fathom Menser Church lyeth off from it southwest and by west From the Mellem buye to the buye upon Bollenziele the course is southeast somewhat easterlie you must reckon your tides there verie well because the floude falleth exceeding hard into the west shoare Langworder church lyeth right south by east from that buye upon Bollenziele Buye upon Bollenziele over against it upon the point of the blackgrounds lyeth a white buye come no nearer to it at half floud then four fathome and an half you might unawares sail within that point in sayling in in four fathom From the buye upon Bollenziele to the beakon upon Bollenziele the course is southsoutheast or southeast by south Langworder church lyeth about south from that beakon you must leave it on the starboard side comming in within that beakon upon Bollenziele is a good roade for a westerly winde From the beakons upon Bollenziele to the first buye upon the flat the course is southeast till you come somewhat beneath the beakon then alongst eastsoutheast The marks of the first buye upon the Flat is when you can see through the belholes of Langworder steeple then you are thwart of the first buye Langworder Church is then from you somewhat more southerly then southsouthwest From the first buye upon the Flat to the second the course is eastsoutheast Betwixt these two buyes stande five beakons on the larboard side upon the black grounds From the second buye upon the flatt to the Meyland the course is southeast and by south Being come thwart of Wadnis or the Meyland sayl then close along by the green shoare untill you come within Blixem there is the roade for great ships that are bound to sea Like as upon the Iade so also upon the Weser a south north moon maketh the highest water it floweth there also 2 fathom and a half up and downe To the eastwards of the Weser lye the south grounds South grounds of the Elve there go in 2 faire deep Balghs or Creeks of 10 12 13 fathom The Til called also Broadbalgh is the westermost and lyeth so far to the westwards that men can but even see the New-worke from thence If it should happen that comming to the eastwards of the Weser you should be beset upon the souther grounds being a lest shoare be in danger then saile to the south grounds in 4 or 5 and 6 fathom but not much nearer also for they are somewhat steepe When you running so along by these grounds upon the same course shall get 8 9 yea 10
or 12 fathom soft ground Easter Til. then that is certainly of the Broadbalgh or Wester Till take then the sounding of which side that you will and sound it about by the grounds in 4 or 5 fathom and you shall find amongst the sands smooth water and good roade and may lye sheltered for all winds The wester Till lyeth in first eastsoutheast alongst by the north shoare it is deepest on the south shoare you cannot sail within any tailes in sailing out but you may in sayling in when you come somwhat further in lyeth up more to the southwards there are divers Balgs or channells where men may saile through that are acquainted The Easter Till or Broadbalgh lyeth betwixt the Wester Till Wester Til. the Hondtbalgh which runneth in seven fathom into the eastermost point or the old Schorhorn that is a taile which lyeth off a good wayes and which you might at unawares sail within in seven fathom comming from the westward This Till lyeth in also like as the other first eastsoutheast but a little further in more easterly Here also you may take the sounding of which side or shoare that you will Being com within you shall get smooth water of the sands for all winds In this channell is not lesse then 7 fathom water The Hondtbalgh Hondtbalgh lyeth right into the westwards of the Steep-buye or Schorhorn If you will goe in there with small shipps for to saile over the Wadt into the Weser then goe when you have the Steepe buye in southsoutheast The Hondtbalgh is without indifferent wide keepe that course untill you come thwart of the beakons which you must leave on the starboard side you may well sound in about the off-side of the Schor-horne but not the west side by it lye plates which you might saile foule of in 9 fathom in comming in but on the Schor-horne you cannot doe amisse Holy land The Island Holyland and the outermost buye in the Weser lye one from the other south somewhat westerly and north somewhat easterly When it is cleare and good sight you may see Holy land when you lye in the Weser by the buye upon the head Holyland and Bornrisse lye one from the other south-southwest and by west and north-northeast and by east according to the common opinion two and thirty leagues When you come from the westwards and begin to get Holy-land in sight it sheweth it selfe with a high reddish steep point which is slat above For to anchor or make roade under Holy land comming from the westwards then runne to that land in tenne or twelve fathom When you saile towards the south point and come somewhat near the land you shall espie a rock like unto a small tower close by the high land called the Monck Monck which is almost so high as the high land About southsoutheast an English mile or a little more from that rock under water Rock under water If you keepe your self in eight and nine fathom then you run without this rock and cannot take any hurt of it When the Monck is covered of the other land then you are thwart of this suncken rock When the soresayd Monck commeth a handspikes length past or without the other land there is the road good anchoring in ten or eleven fathom the ground is there faire and cleane except it be of wracks of lost shipps or lost anchors which are there may Lying there in nine tenne or eleven fathom you have shelter for a westfouthwest northwest and north windes From the point where the Monck standeth by shooteth off a little riffe from the shoare which men may sound in 3 fathom you may also runne in 5 fathom from the shoare and saile cleare of the foresayd suncken rock to wit through betwixt the suncken Rock and the little riffe but if you runne into deeper water to wit in 7 fathom you shall runne right upon the suncken Rock In 8 or 9 fathom you doe runne about without the suncken Rock From the north side of Holy-land lyeth off a filthy Riffe almost a league into sea so that you cannot come nearer the whole north side then in nine or tenne fathom If you will goe about to the northwards of Holy land being come so farre that the east end of Holy land come to be south and south and by east from you sayle then freely unto the Scholvers point Scholvers poynt that is a flatt point which you may sound in five six and seven fathom If so be that you will runne in eight fathom off from it you shall runne above two great leagues from the shoare The right fareway bewixt the Hever and Holy-land is not more then nine or tenne fathom deepe When you come about the point to the roade and that Scholvers point lye northeast and the Rock southwest from you there is good lying in five fathom Scholvers point is the point where the South Haven South-haven lyeth within which lyeth from the high land about east into sea From the outermost end of Scholvers poynt lyeth a banck of three fathom unto the poynt where the Monck alsoo standeth within it is very good lying for ships of little draught that is called the south Haven of Holyland A southsouthwest and northnortheast moone maketh there the highest water Of the Elve The Roade of Holy land and the outermost buye of the Elve called the Schortunne or the Steep-buye lye right southeast and by east and northwest and by west 8 leagues asunder which lyeth right to the northwards of the Schor-horn that is the outermost poynt of the New-workes ground on the south side of the Elve the right deepe of the Elve runneth in alongst to the northwardes of it On the north side of the Elve lye the north ground which lye somewhat flat far off to seawardes upon the northwest side The south end of the north-grounds Mirdle of Vogelsand called Voghelsand runneth from the foresayd buye a good wayes west and by north into sea with a narrow tayle of perfect hard sand about a halfe league broad which waxeth by little and little the farther from the shoare the deeper Three leagues from the foresaide buye there is upon it eleven fathom water when you saile on north from the steep-buye you runne over it in three fathom or three fathom and a halfe but it doth soone deepe againe in five seven eight tenne fathom soft ground that is in the creeke of the North Elve North-Elve To the southwardes of that a foresayd Voghelsand in the right fareway of the Elve for him that commeth from the westwardes it is also somewhat soft ground and fourteene and thirteene fathom deepe to the southwardes of it towards the souther or Steepe grounds the ground is againe very hard and the grounds very steep you may not come nearer them especialy by night or darke weather then in eleven or twelve fathom if you come nearer to them you might sayle foule of
then about by them northwest or somewhat more westerly up unto the Eyder or else you may runne further alongst by the foresayd south shoare untill you come about the beakon upon Hoedmeersand and then forth betwixt the Island Bulheads and Buysen alongst by the Beakons upon Hoedmeersand with many poynts and bights on to the southwards and come out at last upon the Old Elve about northeast from the New-work against the New-grounds which is not well to bee sayled but of those that are there very well acquainted Alongst by the North shoare of the Eyder close to the southwards of the little sand-hills the southerheads runneth in yet a Land-deepe east and east and by north in commeth out againe upon the Eyder by the Hulck that serveth but onely for small ships there remaineth at low water but five foot Of the Tydes and Courses of the streames Before the Scholbalgh the Lauwers and the Schille before the Western-Eems a southeast and northwest Moone maketh high water Before Embden and Delszyle a north or north by east and a south or south and by west Moone In the Eastern-Eems Burckumbalgh a southsoutheast and northnorthwest Moone Before the Channells betwixt the Eastern-Eems the Weser a south south by east a north north by west Moone In the fareway betwixt the Flye the Elve the foreflood commeth out of the north sea turneth about by little and little with the sunne falling the halfe tyde eastnortheast alongst the shoare the ebbe westsouthwest Before the Weser and Elve and alsoo in the Eyder a south and north Moone maketh high water The flood commeth there out of the northwest the ebbe out of the southeast and fall very strong over the grounds that lye out there Under Holyland a northnortheast southsouthwest Moone maketh full sea Of the Depths about these places and in what depths men may see the land Schiermonickoogh men may see in 12 13 fathom 4 great leagues without the land Rottum Borckum men may see in 14 15 fathom Thwart of Borckum the ground is grosse red sand mingled with some black Juyst men may see in 13 and 14 fathom 3 leagues without the land it is 12 fathom deep Buys Norderny men may see from the Poop in 12 13 fathom Baltrum Langeroogh Wrangeroogh men may see it in 14 and 15 fathom Thwart of Botjadigerland Reidingerland Ditmarsen the grounds lye so farre without the land that you cannot see the coasts except you clim be up into the top About Holyland it is deep 7 8 and 9 fathom to wit on the inner side but without on the west side 15 16 18 19 fathom in such depth you may see the land of Holy-land from the westwards Courses and Distances The coast alongst these Islands lyeth eastnortheast and westsouthwest From Borckum-Riffe to Wrangeroogh east northeast 17 leagues From the Eastern-Eems or Juyst-riffe to the Steep-buye or Schortunne eastnortheast 20 leagues From the Eems to Flambrough-headwest somewhat northerly 77 leagues From the Eems to Bovenbergen north bye 57 leag From the Eems to Holyland the course is northeast and northeast and by east 21 or 22 leagues From Wrangheroogh to the New-worke eastnortheast 8 leagues From the outermost buye upon the Elve to the Eyder north 7 or 8 leagues From Laâ—gheroogh to Holy-land northnortheast tenne leagues Holyland the outermost buye in the Weser lye north somewhat easterly and south somewhat westerly The buy upon the Head in the Weser and Holyland lye north and south asunder 8 leagues The steep-buye on the New-work Holyland lye south east and by east and northwest and by west asunder 8 leagues The outtermost Buy in the Eyder Holy-land lie east somewhat northerly and west somewhat southerly asunder 7 or 8 leagues From Holyland to the Holms before Jarmouth the course is westsouthw or somewhat more westerly 72 leag From Holyland to Scarbrough Flambrough head west or somewhat more southerly 88 leagues From Holyland to Tinmouth or Newcastle west somewhat Pascaerte Vande West en Oost-zyde van IVTLANDT Al 's mede De Belt Mitsgaders De Zee-cust van Holster Mekelenborg en de Eylanden van Lalandt Falster ende Meun what more northerly 106 leagues From Holyland to Leeth in Scotland west and by north somewhat more northerly 120 leagues From Holy-land to Boecknes northwest and by west 128 leagues From Holy-land to Hanghlip in Hitland northwest 169 leagues From Holyland to Bovenbergen n. by w. 43 leagues From Holyland to the Horne or Dodebergh north 25 leagues From Holyland to Knuytsdeep or Ryperdeep the course is north and north and by east 20 leagues From Holyland to the Deepe of Silt or List north by east 17 leagues From Holyland to Ameren or Small-deep the course is northnortheast somewhat easterly 10 leagues From Holyland to the outermost buye in the Hever northeast 8 leagues When you lye by the outermost buy in the Hever in cleare weather you may see Holyland How these Lands doe shew themselves at sea Thus sheweth Schiermonckoogh being 2 leagues thwart off from you Borckum Rottum Thus sheweth Borckum and Rottum when you sayle alongst by them being two leagues a seaboard the Land Thus sheweth the Island Iuyst being about 2 leagues off from you Norderny Buys Thus shew the Islands Buys and Norderny being two leagues thwart off from you Thâ— riseth Baltrum when you are about two leagues a seaboard the land Langeroogh sheweth it selfe thus when you are about two leagues off from it Thus sheweth Spykeroogh when it is about two leag from you Thus sheweth Wrangeroogh when it is about two lagues thwart off from you Holyland northeast by east 5 leagues from you sheweth it selfe thus White Cliffe Holyland northeast and by east from you sheweth thus Thus sheweth the New-land or New-worke when you are at the entring of the Elve The third Demonstration Where in Are deciphered the Sea-Coasts of the west and east side of Iutland together with the Belt untill you are past Laland and Langeland FRom the New-worke or Steepe-Buy to the Hever the course is north ten leagues when you come about halfe wayes betwixt them both you shall meet with the foresayd sand or tayle of Blavoort in the depth of two or three fathom In this fareway you must be very carefull of your tydes that you come not upon the grounds which lye far out a seaboard the Land the foreflood falleth there very strong thwart over the grounds towards the land and the ebbe to the contrary For to sayle from Holyland to the Hever goe on northeast somewhat easterly or according as the winde and tyde shall be and runne towards the grounds untill you come in six or seven fathom and then you shall espye a steeple which is sharpe and indifferent high called Piel-worme bring that northeast by north from you a masts length to the southwards of the southermost Cow-house upon the
and in what Depths men may see the land Thwart of Winterton Cromer seven or eight leagues from land it is eighteene and nineteene fathom deep and there you may see the land Northeast and northeast and by north from Cromer lyeth a Bancke whereupon remaineth at halfe floud no more water then 4 fathom from thence you may see the land indifferent well North by east from Blackeney lyeth a bancke whereupon remaineth at halfe floud no more water then five fathom In eighteene fathom thereabouts you may see the land From thence to the poynt of Chappell it is all shoaly About northnorthwest and north and by west from Winterton-sand lyeth the banke before Cromer 5 leagues without the coast To the northwards of the Humber of Hull you may see the land in 25 fathom flambrough-Flambrough-head men may see in five and thirtie fathom Scharbrough men may see from below in five forty fathom Of the Tydes and Courses of the streames about these foresayd places Before Crommer a southeast Moone maketh high water At Blackeney Wels Bornum and Lyn an east and west Moone Before the Humber of Hull an eastnortheast and westsouthwest Moone From Blackeney to flambrough-Flambrough-head the floud falleth southeast the ebbe northwest At Flambrough and Fyley in the Peer a westsouthwest moone maketh full sea At Scharbrough and Robbinhoods-baye a south-southwest and north-northeast moone In the Tees at Hartlepoole also a south-southwest and northeast moone Before the River of Newcastle a southwest northeast moone maketh also the highest water Thwart of Flambroug-head Scharbrough the Teese also thwart of the river of Newcastle the floud falleth southeast and the ebbe northwest To the northwards of the Tees the floud falleth southsoutheast alongst the land from the Tees to Scharbrough southeast and by east How these lands doe lye one from the other and from other lands From Crommer to Blackeney westnorthwest 3 or 4 leag From Blackeney to Bornum through within the sand west 7 leagues From Bornum to Chappel westsouthwest 2 leagues From Chappell to Elleknock or the north poynt of Bostondeep the course is northwest and by north 5 leagues From thence to the north poynt of Humber north and north and by west 7 leagues From the north poynt of the Humber to flambroug-Flambroug-head northnorthwest 9 leagues From the north poynt of the Humber to the Tessel east and by south eastsoutheast 55 leagues From flambrough-Flambrough-head to Feley northwest and by west and westnorthwest 3 leagues From Fyley to Scharbrough northwest and by west westnorthwest 2 leagues From Scharbrough to Whidbye northwest 5 leagues From Whidbye to the Teese the course is first westnorthwest and afterwards west by north 7 leagues From the Teese to Tynmouth northnorthwest 8 or 9 leagues From Whidbuye to Tinmouth the course is northwest and southeast 16 leagues From to Cocket Island northnorthwest 8 or 9 leagues Heights The north poynt of the Humber of Hull in 53 d. 35 m. Flambrough-head lyeth in 54 degrees 5 minutes Scharbrough in 54 degrees 12 minutes Tynmouth or the River of Newcastle in 55 deg 10 min. How these lands doe shew themselves at sea Flambrough-head Fyley Scharbrough Robbinhoods-bay Whitbuy Huntleyfoot Redcliffe Thus sheweth the land betwixt the Tees and Flambrough-head when you saile alongst by it Huntleyfoot Redcliffe Teese Hartlepoole Esington Schel Sonderland Thus sheweth the land betwixt Tinmouth the hills of Huntleyfoot Redcliffe to the southwards of the Teese when you saile alongst by it De Custen van SCHOTLANT met de Eylanden van Orcanesse van eylandt Coket tot I. Sande Tinmouth Cocket Thus sheweth the land betwixt Tinmouth and Cocket Island The twelfth Demonstration In which The east side of Scotland is shewed from the Island Cocket and Orcaneis FRom the Cocket Islands to the Staples Staples the course is northnorthwest north by w. 8 or 9 leagues The Staples they are high Islands rocks right to the eastwards of Bambroug lying at least 3 leagues from the land northeast into sea a little to the northwards of them lyeth the Holie Island Holy Island To the southwards or the westwards of the Holie Island is a baye where you may lye landlockt almost for all windes against the Castle is the best roade you may also run in there from the southwards through betwixt the Staples and the maine land Betwixt the Staples and Holy Island lye two suncken Rocks which at low water come verie neare even with the water the westermost towards the Holy Island is called the Goldstone Goldstone Plough the eastermost by the staples is called the Plough For to avoyd them when you will sayle through betwixt the Staples the Holy Island whether you come from the Southwards or the Northwards then bring the Steeple of Teustenbrough over the Castle of Bambrough and keepe them so standing and then you shall run through betwixt them both this channell lyeth so through northeast southwest From the outermost end of the Staples to S. Abbens head S. Abbens head the course is northwest 8 or 9 leagues From Holy Island to S. Abbens head it is northnorthwest 7 or 8 leagues To the northwards of S. Abbens-head men doe runne in unto Lieth and to Edenbrough in Scotland S. Abbens head the Island the Bas lye east and west 4 leagues assunder The Island May S. Abbens head northwest southeast 4 great leagues May Bas lye one from the other south-southwest by west and north-northeast by east three leagues a halfe The Bas The Bas. is a high round Rock cleane round about which you may sayle alongst by on both sides Betwixt the rock and the south shoare it is ten and twelve fathom deepe but the common faire way is alongst to the northwards of it Betweene S. Abbens head and the Bas it is most part a cleane Coast but without anchor ground The Island May Island May. is greater then the Bas also cleane round about except on the east side there it is foule From S. Abbens head alongst to the northwest of the Bas the course is west and by north and west northwest foure leagues and from by north the Bas to the Island Inchkieth Inchkieth west and west and by north about five leagues Betweene the Bas and Inchkieth by the s shoare lye many Rockes little Islands and foule grounds where at divers places is road but are not to be used but by them which are there verie well acquainted Inchkieth and Island May lye s w. by w. n. e. by e. 7 great leagues asunder Inchkieth is somewhat a long small Island a league to the northwards of it lyeth an out poynt on the north coast called Kingornesse Kingornesse before it and about it lie some little Rocks under water but a little to the eastwards of the eastwards of the point is good anchor ground road for westerly winds Betweene that point and the Island
north-west and so runs alongs Rusland The streams that comes to Way-gats comes from Colgoyen and Nova Sembla and falls with the rest east northerly through the Strait of Way-gats to the river Oby so by this means the flowing and ebbing of the streams keeps the passages of Way-gats open so that they are often without Yce except boards of Yce that come from other places driving But on the east-side of Way-gats the floud comes from the north-east and falls in the Oby and Strait of Nassow The water flows and ebbs there but keeps no constant course Of the depths and grounds so vvel on the east as vvest-side of VVay-gat Along the whole coast from Candenoes to Way-gats it is a flat upgoing ground most sand and fast ground If it be mistie weather and if ye have eight or nine fathoms water then ye must know that ye are but three or four miles from the coast but if ye have 30 or 35 or 40 fathoms then ye are far enough from land so is it likewise alongs Nova Sembla and over the east-side of Way-gats but when ye come into the mouth it grows flatter Of the situation and hovv far every land lieth from another From Orlogenes to the Cape Candenoes the course is north-east 35 miles From Candenoes to the Island Colgoye the course is east southerly 20 miles From Candenoes to Swelgenoes south-east easterly 22 miles From Candenoes to the Island Morsonowits south-east 10 miles From Candenoes to Tussara east south-east 32 miles From Tussara to Colcova east 5 miles From Colcova to Pitsana east northerly 5 miles From Pitsana to Pitsora east and east northerly 10 miles From Pitsora to Way-gats the course is about north-east easterly 10 or 12 miles From Catsnoes to the Islands of Solofky west a little southerly 28 miles From Catsnoes to Warsiga north-west westerly 12 or 13 miles From Catsnoes to Polongi north-west northerly 17 miles From the Islands of Solofky to Ombay in Lapland north 24 or 25 miles From Solofky to Warsia east north-east 24 miles From Solofky to Polongi north-east easterly 38 miles From Candenoes to Costintzarck in Nova Sembla north-east somewhat easterly 46 miles From the east-end of Colgoyen to Way-gats east 45 miles From Pitsora to the east-end of Colgoya west north-west 32 miles From the Lowland to the Stream-bay east west 4 miles From the Stream-bay to Yce-havens-corner east northerly 3 miles From the Yce-havens-corner to the Islands-corner the course is east north-east 5 miles From the Islands-corner to Vlissinger-head north-east easterly 3 miles From vlissinger-Vlissinger-head to the Head-corner the course is north-north-east 4 miles From the Head-corner to the corner of Begeerten or desire south and north 6 miles From the corner of Begeerten to the Islands of Oranjen north-west 8 miles From the Islands of Oranjen to the Yce-corner west and south-west 5 miles From the Yce-corner to the Cape the Troost or comfort west and west southerly 25 miles From the Cape the Troost to the Cape Nassow west northerly 10 miles From the Cape Nassow to the east-end of the Crosse-Island west northerly 3 miles From the east-end of Crosse-Island to Wilhelms-Island west southerly 3 miles From Wilhelms-Island to the Black-corner west south-west 6 miles From the Black-corner to the East-end of the Admiraliteyts Island west south-west 7 miles From the East-corner to the West-corner of the Admiraliteyts-Island west south-west 5 miles From the West-corner of the Admiraliteyts-Island to the Capo de Plancio south-west westerly 10 miles From the Capo de Plancio to Lomsbay west south-west 8 miles From Lomsbay to the Staten or States corner west south-west 10 miles From the States-corner to Langenesse south-west southerly 14 miles From Langenesse to the Capo de Cant south-west southerly 6 miles From the Capo de Cant to the corner of the Black-rock south westerly 4 miles From the corner of the Black-rock to the Black Island south south-east 3 miles From the Black Island to Constintzarck east and west 2 miles From Constintzarck to the Crosse-corner south south-east 5 miles From the Crosse-corner to St. Laurence-bay south-east 6 miles From St. Laurence-bay to Meel-haven south south-east 6 miles From the Meel-haven to the two Islands south south-east 16 miles The Heights The Cape of Candenoes lieth on 69 grades 30 minut I. Colgoya on 69 grades 10 minutes The rivers of Colcova Pitsana and Pitsora lieth on 68 grades 40 minutes Way-gats or the Strait of Nassow lieth on 69 grades 43 minutes The North-corner which lieth most northward of Nova Sembla lieth on 77 grades 30 minutes The first part THE THIRD BOOKE OF THE LIGHTNING-COLVMNE OR SEA MIRROUR WHEREIN IS The Description of the whole EAST-SEA Furnished with all the needfull Seacards sights of Land with divers changes as well in the courses distances as in the heights and purged from many faults Gathered together from the experience of divers Famous Seamen and lovers of Navigation never before brought to light By IOHN van LOON Practicioner in the Sciences of Astronomy Geometry and the Mathematiques IN AMSTERDAM Printed by Iohn Iohnson dwelling at the Signe of the Passe-card 1654. Pascaarte vande OOST-ZEE Van 't Eylandt Rugen ofte Bornholm tot aen Wyborg De Custen van DENEMARCKEN en Sweden van Valsterbon tot Schenckenes Al 's mede de Custen van Pomeren van't Eylant Rugen tot Rygshooft The first part of the New LIGHTNING SEA COLUMNE OR SEA MIRROUR THE THIRD BOOKE Of the EASTERNE NAVIGATION Containing The Description of the whole East-Sea The first Demonstration Where in Are described the Sea-Coastes of Falsterborn to Schenckenes and from the Island Rugen to Ryghs-head HOw men shall sayle about the riff off Fasterborn hat been here before rehearsed The coast from Fasterborn eastwards lyeth most east and east and by north First from Fasterborn to Elburgh Elburgh are three leagues If you will anchor before Elburgh then bring the Cloyster and the Church within a fathom or a fathom and a half near one to the other and sayle so right in unto the town you may anchor by it in 4 3 or 2 fathom and a halfe From Elburgh to Uytstede are 7 or 8 leagues Betwixt them both about 3 leagues to the eastwards of Elburgh and 5 leagues to the westwards of Uytstee Uytstee is a poynt off from which lyeth a shoale come no nearer it then 8 or 9 fathom Uytstee lyeth in a bight and hath a high sharp steeple If you be bound thither then bring the steeple north from you and then sayle in right with it towards the strand there standeth a red tiled house to the eastwards of the bridge bring that house and the end of the bridge one in the other and sayle in so and runne to the westwardes of the bridge anchor there in 3 fathom or two foot lesse there is cleane sand-ground When you come from the west and are past that foresayd shoale then you may boldly runne alongst by the shoare in 3 fathom
from you and anchor there in ten or eleven fathom there it is good soft ground but it lasteth not long so soone as you finde the soft ground you must let fall your anchor for the ground is there at manie places not cleane or you must sayle farre about both the poynts there you lye landlockt for a northwest and north winde in tenne eleven or twelve fathom good soft ground The Peert The Peert which men doe also call the great Buck upon Iasmond is a tuffe of trees or two and is a poynt that lyeth out with two poynts where is betwixt them both a faire Sand-bay where in is good lying in foure or five fathom clean ground Jasmond and the Peert lye southsoutheast and northnorthwest distant four or five leagues To the southwards of the Peert goeth in that New-deep where men doe sayle through to Statyn THE NEW-DEEPE About a league south somewhat westerly from the Peert lyeth a poynt called the Ironhead there lyeth off a little riffe therefore you must runne alongst somewhat without that poynt and being a little past that poynt you can see the outermost buy of the New-deep For to sail into the New deep wherein lye two buyes in the middst of the deepe so that you may sayle alongst on both sides of the buyes but with shipps of great draughts you must run close along to the e. wards of the buys there is the very deepest of the channell By the outermost buye it is at the shoalest there is the barre commonly there is 11 foot water or a little more then 11 foot and a half and sometimes also well 12 foot but in the middst of the Mouth of the deep it is commonly still 12 foot and sometimes more Upon the Peert lye three high hommocks the westermost of them is the greatest one great round hommock when you keep that right without the Iron head and then run on southsouthwest when you cannot sayle amisse although there were no buyes in the mouth of the Deep When you come over the Barre you shall finde againe 4 or 5 fathom depth being a little over it you must go on southeast unto the entrance of the Peen with that course you leave the Island of the Roeden The Roeden lying at least two cables lengths on the larboard side It is there all over good anchoring Right over against Grijpswald lyeth a little Island called stobber round about which you may allmost sayle something more easterly then Grijpswald lyeth a little riffe thwart from the shoare Roade under the Roeden If you will sayle into the Peen you shall espie sailing thus right out a head at the east side of the Peen two poynts keep the eastermost a handspikes length without the westermost for to avoyd a stonie shoale which runneth off from the west poynt of the Peen untill that you come before the Peen Upon the east shoare stand 2 beakons bring them one in the other run so into the Peen which lyeth in first s w but in the comming in there is no more then 6 foot or 6 foot an half water If you will anchor under the Island the Roeden you must be mindfull of a little riffe that lyeth of from the Roeden to the s wards towards the mayne land anchor there either to the westwards or to the eastwards of it accordings as the wind shall bee in 3 fathom or 2 fathom and a halfe so shoale or deepe as you please there is the common roade for the ships The Rough Island Rough Island lyeth from the Roeden northeast and by east distant about two great leagues About eastnortheast from the Roeden For to sail out to the eastwards of the Roeden lyeth also a channell into the Sea a little to the southwards of the Rough Island that is good for to runne out with westerly winds when you cannot come out at the New deepe and also for those that are bound to Danske or to the eastwards From the Rough Island lyeth off a little riffe to the southwards which you must avoyd and runne through betwixt that and the shoale which runneth from the shoare thwart off it is the barre or shoalest off this channell not lesse then eleven or twelve foot water that is a short out let being over you shall get presently deeper water This channell is Pilots water Upon the Island the Roeden dwell Pilots which doe bring out shippes The Coast of Pomeren lyeth from the New deepe to Colbergen east and west about sixteen or seventeen leagues Betwixt them both lye yet two channells the Swinne and the channell of Camin The Swin Swin lyeth seven leagues eastwards from the New-deepe which runneth through a little River into the Haff or broade water right over against the river of Stetyn Camin Camin lyeth five leagues to the eastwards of the Swin upon the east end of the Haff or broad water of Stetyn that channell goeth through also with a river into the Haff Five leagues without the land when Jasmond is westnorthwest or thereabout the Peert westsouthwest and Rough Island south from you there lyeth a banck Banck of seven fathom upon one place somewhat lesse and upon another somewhat more betwixt it and the land towards Jasmond it is again thirteen fourteen and fifteen fathom deep but to the eastwards of the New-deepe alongst by the coast of Pomeren it is all shoale water off foure five sixe and seven fathom so farre into the Sea that when you can but even see the land of the Swin there it is not deeper then seven or eight fathom without sight of the land it is twelve thirteen fathom deep The Haven of Colbergen Colbergen you must sayle into between two heads untill you come before the Towne Within in the river right over against the town lyeth a Well or Brook which can give all the countrey thereabout Salt off water which they seeth and yet the water of the river is fresh as Milk for it is a little water that commeth out of the land The coast of Pomerland lyeth from Colbergen to Gashead northeast by east southwest and by west about 13 leagues betwixt them both lye two havens more to witt Coflyn and Ruwolde The haven of Coflyn lyeth from Colbergen eastnortheast 3 leagues distant And from Coflyn to Ruwold Coflyn Ruwolde the course is northeast and by east five leagues Into the haven of Ruwold or the little river called the Wipper an indifferent ship may go in It is from Ruwolde to Gashead northeast by east four leagues The land lyeth from Garshead to the Rosehead east and east and by north 20 or 21 leagues betwixt them lye the havens off Stolp The Stolp Liba and Sernevis A little to the eastwards of Garshead lyeth the haven off the Stolp which is a river so called as the towne which runneth up to the same towne onely for small ships although that theredoe indifferent
fathom deep soft clay ground but towards Reefcoll it is shoaler If you cast the lead often sayling alongst that coast you shall finde more bankes You may boldly saile alongst this coast by night or darke weather in eight ten or twelve fathom off from Reefcoll untill about the Rosehead Thwart of the Rose-head it is farre flat and round as riffe ground When you come past or about Rosehead it is very deep When the Rose-head is southsouthwest from you about a league there it is thirty fathom deepe but very uneven and full of bancks and the ground white grosse sand rose-Rose-head being southeast from you it is eight and twenty fathom deepe with red stony ground almost like as if it were riffe sand rose-Rose-head being west from you there it is sixteen fathom deep and white sand-ground Courses and Distances From the poynt of Sandthamer to Somerhaven the course is northnortheast and north and by east 2 leag From Somerhaven to Ahuys north 6 leagues From Ahuys to Hanno east 6 leagues From Hanno to the Rocks the course is east and by south 8 leagues From the Rocks to the Outlyers north by east 1 leag From the Outlyers to Cristianopell northeast and by east 7 leagues From the Rockes to Calmer first northeast and by east and then northnortheast 16 leagues From Calmer to Scheggenes northnortheast 4 leagues From the Rocks to Southerorden the south end of Oeland east 9 or 10 leagues From Sand-hamer to the Rocks eastnortheast somewhat easterly 16 or 17 leagues From the north poynt of Brontholm to Ahuys north and by west somewhat northerly 14 leagues From the north poynt off Brontholm to Hanno north by east 14 leagues From the north poynt of Brontholm to the Rock northeast somewhat northerly 16 leagues From the north poynt off Brontholm to Southerorden northeast and by east a little easterly 23 or 24 leag From the south end or east end off Brontholm to the Rocks northnortheast 19 leagues From the east end of Brontholm to Southerorden northeast 24 leagues From Southerorden to Reefcoll south and by east 22 leagues From Southerorden to Rosehead southeast 28 leagues From Southerorden to Quinsbrough-Deepe southeast and by east 48 leagues From Southerorden to Dermemell e. by s 48 leag From Southerorden to Sevenberghen east 48 leagues From Southerorden to Derwinda east and by north and eastnortheast 60 leagues From Southerorden to the south end of Gotland eastnortheast and northeast and by east 23 or 24 leagues From Southerorden to the Great Karell northeast somewhat northerly 27 leagues From Fasterborne to Elburgh east and by north and east 3 leagues From Elburgh to Wtstee east 10 leagues From Wtstee to Goesbeer eastnortheast 3 leagues From Goesbeer to Sandhamer northeast 3 leagues From Fasterborn or from the riffe to Brontholm east and east and by south 20 leagues From Fasterborn to the northwards of Brontholm east and by south 20 leagues But to the southwards of Brontholm east by south somewhat southerly 23 leagues From Wtstee to the north poynt off Brontholm eastsoutheast 9 leagues From Meun to Brontholm east and east and by north 21 leagues From Steden to the north ends of Brontholm east 24 leagues From Fasterborn to Whitmond southeast 15 or 16 leag From Fasterborn to Dornbosh southsoutheast 14 or 15 leagues From Meun to Whitmont southeast by south 11 or 12 leagues From Meun to Dornebosh southeast 9 leagues From the Jell to the poynt of Dornbosh north 2 leag From Dornbosh to Whitmont the course is northeast by east4 leagues From Whitmont to Jasmont eastsoutheast 3 leag From Jasmont to the Peert southsoutheast 4 or 5 leag From Dornbosh to the north end of Brontholme northeast and by east 19 leagues From Whitmont to the north end of Brontholm northeast and by east 15 leagues To the south end east and by north and eastnortheast 15 leagues From Jasmond to the south end of Brontholm northeast and by east 13 leagues From the Peert to the south end of Brontholm northnortheast 14 leagues From Jasmond to Comyn eastsoutheast somwhat southerly 7 leagues From the New-deepe to Colbergen the course is east east and by south 16 or 17 leagues From Comyn to Colbergen eastnortheast 6 leagues From Colbergen to Coslyn eastnortheast 3 leagues From Coslyn to Ruwolde northeast and by east 5 leag From Ruwolde to Garshead northeast by east 4 leag From Garshead to Reefcoll eastnortheast 4 leagues From Reefcoll to Lyba east and by north 7 leagues From Lyba to Sernevis east and by north 5 leagues From Sernevis to the Rose-head the course is east east and by north 4 leagues From Colberghen to Garshead northeast and by east 12 leagues From Reefcol to Rose-head the course is east and east by north 17 leagues From the south end off Bruntholm to the Swin south somewhat westerly 15 leagues From the south end of Bruntholm to Colbergen southeast and by south 16 leagues From the south end of Bruntholm to Reefcoll the course is east and by south 24 leagues From the south end of Bruntholm to the Eartholms north 4 great leagues From the north end of Bruntholm or from the Eartholms to Rose-head the course is east and east and by south 40 leagues How most off all the chiefest poynts and places off the East sea do lye distant from Brontholm From Bruntholm to Der Memell east 64 or 65 leagues From Bruntholm to Der Lyba east and by north somewhat northerly 67 or 68 leagues From Bruntholm to Derwinda eastnortheast 80 leagues From Bruntholm to Houbrough or the south end of Gotteland northeast and by east 50 leagues From the north end of Bruntholm to Southerorden the south end of Oeland northeast by east somwhat easterly 24 leagues From the south end off Bruntholm to Southerorden northeast somewhat northerly 24 leagues From the north poynt of Bruntholm to the Rocks or out rocks northeast somewhat northerly 16 leagues From the north point of Bruntholm to Hanno the course is north by east 13 or 14 leagues From the north end of Brontholm to Sandhamer northwest 6 or 7 leagues From the north end of Bruntholm to the point off Goesbeer northwest by west 5 leagues From the north poynt of Bruntholm to Wtstede westnorthwest 9 leagues How these lands doe shew themselves at sea Brontholme sheweth it selfe thus when you come from the west The south end of Oeland sheweth thus when it is thwart off from you The Eartholms being northnortheast from you shew themselves thus The Eartholms being east from you shew themselves thus In this forme ariseth the Eartholms being north from you Thus sheweth Whitmont when you sayle alongst by it being three leagues off from it Thus sheweth Jasmond when you sayle alongst by it being three leagues from the land Whitmont Here under is a great bay a league long Dornebosch Thus shew themselves Whitmont and Dornebosch with the land betwixt them both when it is about southsouthwest from
best road and ground that is thereabouts When you come out of the sea and fall with the land to the eastwards or to the northwards of Terlyba you shall see within the land a black wood and the houses in a ragged valley of Sand-hills From Terlyba to Derwinda the course is northnortheast sixteen or seventeen leagues betwixt them both the land lyeth in a bight so that the coast alongst by the shoare lyeth not so right especially four or five leagues by south Derwinda there it falleth away into a great bight which men do call Sackerwyke Sackerwyke and also with more smaller bights and bayes towards Terlyba Caarte van PRVYSSEN en Coerlandt van Rygshooft tot der Winda For to know this coaste off Coerland For to know Coerland then remember these places here under written At Derwinda standeth a Castle with three Towers which is covered above with red tyles and under it is white about a league to the southwards of Derwinda lyeth the Bakeovens Bakeovens which is next to Domesnes the best land to be known of Coerland it ariseth first when you beginne to see the land in a white Sand-hill the top whereof is full of trees but when you come so neer the shoare that you can see the other land also then there ariseth more land with hommockes so that then it is not so easy to be known About foure leagues to the southwards of it in Sackerwyke lyeth yet a hommock or hill full of trees with some little hommockes to the eastwards of it when you are thwart of Derwinda you may even see it half wayes up to the top but not well from below This hommocke is called by some Duke D'alves Castle Duke de Alves Castle and lieth most alone the land as well to the southwards as to the northwards of it is most al even and plain land About six leagues to the southwards of the foresayd hommock and 5 or 4 leagues and an half to the northwards off Terlyba lye also two high hommocks close one by the other the land to the southwards of them towardes Terlyba is to see to farre off when you are thwart of these two hommocks or somewhat to the northwards of them as if it were all broken land thwart of this about 5 leagues from the land or when you can but even see the land from below it is 30 fathom deep When you begin to come about Derwinda Banck by Derwinda within 2 or 3 leagues off the land there lyeth a banck of 12 13 and 14 fathom some say that west and by north from Derwinda there should be no more upon that banck then 5 or 6 fathom water it is about a halfe league broad betwixt the banck and the land a league without the shoare it is againe 20 and 24 fathom deep If you will anchor before Derwinda then bring the foresayd Castle about eastsoutheast from you then it commeth almost behind the high land anchor in 5 fathom from the shoare there is the best roade Of the Depths and grounds about these Coastes Betwixt the Heele and the Rose-head but neerest the Heele there it is 33 fathom deepe and the ground is there white sand At the Heele in the roade it is 25 fathom deep the ground black sand and going off to 30 and 40 fathom Betwixt the Heele and Quinsbrough it is very deepe comming neere the Heele it is steepe but towards Quinsbrough and the Nerung it goeth up plainly flat How these lands doe lye one from the other and from other lands From the rose-Rose-head to Axternes southeast 4 leagues From Axternes to Vernorden southeast 1 league From Vernorden to the Heele southsoutheast 1 league From the Heele to Danske south by west southsouthwest 5 leagues From the Chest or Wissell off Danske to the Deepe off Quinsbrough east by north 13 or 14 leagues From the Deep of Quinsbrough to the poynt of Brusteroort north and north and by west 4 or 5 leagues From Brusteroort to the Deep of der Memell northeast by north 16 or 17 leagues From the Rose-head to Quinsbrough deepe eastsoutheast somewhat southerly 19 or 20 leagues From the Heele to Quinsbrough deepe eastsoutheast easterly 12 leagues From the Rose-head to Der Memell eastnortheast somewhat easterly 29 leagues From the Rose-head to Sevenbergen northeast by east 33 leagues From the Rose-head to Derwinda northeast 53 leag From the Rose-head to Dageroort northeast by north 80 leagues From the rose-Rose-head to eastergore north and by east 45 leagues From the rose-Rose-head to Houbrough the south end of Goteland north 35 leagues From the rose-Rose-head to the south end of Oeland northwest 28 leagues From the rose-Rose-head of Hannoe the course is northwest and by west and westnorthwest 43 or 44 leagues From the Quinsbrough Deep to Houbrough the south end of Gotland northnorthwest 48 leagues From Quinsbrough-deepe to Southeroorden the south end of Oeland northwest somewhat westerly 48 leag From Der Memell to Houbrough northwest 37 leag From Der Memell to Heylighena north and by east 4 leagues From Heylighena to the point off Sevenberghen north and by east 5 leagues From Sevenberghen to Der Lyba north and by east 4 or 5 leagues From Der Lyba to Derwinda northnortheast 16 or 17 leagues From Der Memell to Brusteroort southwest by south 16 or 17 leagues From Der Memell to Danske southwest 32 leagues From Der Memell to the rose-Rose-head westsouthwest somewhat westerly 29 leagues From Der Memell to the Eartholms or the north end of Brontholm west 64 or 65 leagues From Sevenbergen to the rose-Rose-head south-southwest by west 33 leagues From Sevenbergen to Southeroorden west 48 leagues From Derwinda to the rose-Rose-head south-southwest 53 leagues From Derwinda to Bruntholm westsouthwest 80 leag From Derwinda to Houbrough west somewhat southerly 37 leagues From Derwinda to Eastergore the course is west and by north 29 leagues From Derwinda to the Gotsche sand n. w. 31 or 32 leag From Derwinda to Dageroort north somewhat easterly 31 leagues How these lands doe shew themselves at sea Heele Vermoorde Aexternes Hanckeheers Thus sheweth the Land betwixt the Rose-head and the Heele Loockstede Rosehead Thus sheweth the land betwixt Quinsbrough deep and Brusteroort Thus sheweth it selfe the coast of Coerland about Sevenberghen when you sayle alongst by it a league without the Land The coast of Coerland from Sevenbergen alongst by Derwinda unto Luseroort sheweth as is portrayed in these six figures following the like markes belong one to the other as A A B B C C D D c. Sevenbergen Ter lyba Sackerwyck Hommock Hommock Sackerwyck Duke Dalves Castle Sackerwyke Backovens a league by south Derwinde This Hommock about three leagues by south the Backovens Luseroort Castle Derwinda Derwinda Backovens When Derwinda doth shew it selfe first being east from you it sheweth it selfe thus with the land as well to the northwards as to the southwards but when the Castle doth begin to come
fareway it is uneven for to sound sometimes men have two and twentie three twentie sometimes againe eight and twentie nine and twentie thirtie fathom all black mingled ground sometimes stones so great as pease of colour like black earth When Howbrough is northnortheast 7 leagues from you there it is fifteen fathom deep stonie grounde from thence on northeast 2 leagues there it is twenty fathom deep foule stonie ground Neare about the places so far from land that you cannot see Gotland are bancks where it is not deeper then twelve fathom The like unevē grounds are also thwarte of the southend of Oeland as hath beene said in the former but betwixt them both is deeper water If you come in the farewaye from Rye to Brontholm betwixt the south endes of Gotland and Oeland and must lye by with contrarie windes when you are in ten or twelve fathom and then sayle towards Oeland you shall get deeper water If you lye by betwixt Oeland and Reef-coll and that Reef-coll come to bee southsoutheast and south and by east from you so farre without the land that you cannot see it then you shall get also the like uneven ground of tenne and twelve fathom redde grosse stonie sand also blackish grosse sandie stone ground If you bee nearest to Oeland you shall get in tenne or twelve fathom pittes in the tallowe so that it seemeth that those grounds off Oeland doe run over unto or neare Reef-coll The like grounds and unevenesse doe seeme to lye over the sea also from the south end of Gotland towardes Rosehead for when the south end of Gotland commeth to be about north from you although it be fourteene or sixteen leagues from you you shall finde depth of sixteen twentie fathom soft grounde like as off from Oeland but if Gotland be more easterly or westerly from you you shall have deeper water When you are about a league by west the southwest poynt of Gotland so that it be southeast or eastsoutheast from you about a league then the Karels lye about north from you which you may even see in cleare weather there aboutes it is shoale water a good wayes off from the shoare When the west poynt or steepe poynt is about north from you a little to the eastwards or to the westwards of it there is tenne twelve fourteene sixteene and eighteene fathom deepe a great wayes from the land but when that poynt commeth to be northeast eastnortheast or east from you there it is above fortie fathom deep Betwixt the southwest poynt of Gotland and the north poynt of Oelandt it is also verie deepe so that there you cannot cast ground with fortie fathom When you are northwest and northwest and by north about two leagues from Houbrough there you have great redd stone sand black stones in it so great as beanes Betwixt Gotland and the Sweeds schares in the farewaye it is four and thirtie and sixe and thirtie and eight and thirtie fathom deepe and close by Gotland five and twentie fathom When the tower of Houbrough is westnorthwest from you so farre as you may see it from the poope there it is thirtie and one and thirtie fathom deepe but being northnorthwest from you it is shoaler five and twentie and sixe and twentie fathom Betwixt Howbrough and Eastergore lyeth a banck of four and twentie fathom grosse redd sand so farre without the land that you cannot see the land out of the top To the eastwards of it lyeth another banck of fourteen fathom gray and white sand when you are over it you shall have no ground in fortie fathom Two leagues without the land by west Eastergore there it is about one thirty fathom soft ground He that sayleth from Brontholm alongst by Oeland towards Eastergore let him not spare his lead but sound often for these aforesayd bancks and groundes thereby you may well make some reckoning If you should make reckoning to come by night with Gotland on the southeast side and have no good sight then come no nearer the land about the north end or south end also by Eastergore then in twentie or four and twenty fathom and so you can take no hurt by night By day you may come neare enough to it at many places in seven eight or tenne fathom How these lands doe lye one from the other and from other lands From Houbrough to Eastergore northeast 12 or 13 leag From Eastergore to Faro-sound north by east 7 leag From Faro-sound to Gotsche sand northnortheast and north and by east 6 leagues From Houbrough to the Karels northnorthwest 7 leag From the Karels to Wisbuy northeast 7 leagues From the Karels to Gotsche sand northe 21 or 22 leag From Houbrough to the north end of Oeland northwest 14 leagues From the Karels to the Sweedes Jonckvrow west and by north 13 leagues From the Karels to the channell of Stockholme north a little more westerly 23 leagues From the Karels to Boeckschaer northeast northerly 46 leagues From Gotsche sand to Boeckschaer north east and by north a little more northerly 20 or 21 leagues From Gotsche sand to the south poynt of the Alands haff north and by east 33 or 34 leagues From Gotsche sand to Wttoy northeast and by east 36 leagues From Gotsche sand to Dagerorte eastnortheast 26 leag From Gotsche sand to Derwinde southeast 31 or 32 leagues From Eastergore to Dagerorte northeast and by east 39 leagues From Eastergore to Derwinda east and by south 29 leagues From Eastgore to Quinsbrough deepe south and by east 52 leagues From Eastergore to rose-Rose-head south and by west 45 leagues From Houbrough to Hondsorte eastnortheast north east and by east 50 leagues From Houbrough to Lyserorte east and by north somewhat easterly 40 leagues From Houbrough to Derwinda east somewhat northerly 37 leagues From Houbrough to Dermemell southeast 37 leagues From Houbrough to Quinsbrough deep southsoutheast 48 leagues From Houbrough to Rosehead south 35 leagues From the north end of Gotland to Derwinda eastsoutheast somewhat southerly 28 or 29 leagues From Scheggens to the Sweedes Jofuer northnortheast 7 leagues From the Swedens Joufer to Idesound the channell off Westerwyke or Silbuy north and by west somewhat westerly 7 leagues From the Swedes Joufer to Northeroorden the north end of Oeland east and by north 3 or 4 leagues From Northeroorden to the channell of Westerwyke north west 8 leagues From Northeroorden to the Barsound north and by west 15 leagues From Northeroorden to the Havering or the channell off Nycopping north 18 or 19 leagues From Northeroorden to Hartsoe north and by east 20 or 21 leagues From Northeroorden to Landsoort northnortheast a little more northerly 21 or 22 leagues From Hevering to Landsoort east and by north 6 or 7 leagues Hou these lands doe shew themselves at sea West poynt Houbrough Thus sheweth the west point or northwest point of Gotland when you come from the southwards When Gotschen sand is
Tessell to the Shield or Cromer west 40 leagues From Tessell or Marsdiep to Flambrough head west northwest 60 leagues From the Marsdiep to Lieth in Scotland n.w. and by w. somewhat northerly 104 leagues From the Marsdiep to Newcastle w. n. west somewhat northerly 83 leagues From Tessell to Bockenesse northwest and n. west and by n. somewhat westerly 123 leagues From the Marsdiep to Aberdine n. w. somewhat northerly 119 leagues From the Marsdiep to the Liet of Berghen in Norway north 110 leagues From the Marsdiep to the north end of Hitland n. n. west 165 leagues And then you shall fall about five leagues to the eastwards of the land From the Marsdiep to the Naze north and by east 94 lea From the Maes or Goeree to Dover southwest and by west somewhat westerly 33 leagues From the Maes to the north Forland west south w. westerly 31 leagues From the Maes to the Naze west 31 leagues From te Maes to Hitland north north west 180 leagues Heights The Marsdiep lieth in three and fifty degrees saile out of the north sea being in that height east on and you shall fall right with it The north side of the Maes lieth in 52 degrees How these Lands doe shew themselves at Sea Wambus Thus appeareth the Iland Tessell when it lieth east and by north from you Huysdowne sheweth it selfe thus when it is east south east from you Camper downe Egmont upon the sea Egmont within Wyck on sea Beverwyck Thus sheweth the coast of Holland betwixt Huysdowne and Wyck upon the sea when you sayle alongst by it about three leagues from the land Haerlem Santfoort Noortwyck Catwyck Schevelingen The Hage Monster Thus sheweth the coast of Holland betwixt Wyck upon the sea and the Maes when you sayle alongst by it about a league from the land Loosduyn Delft Monster The Heyde Gowen head These two figures belong to the AA one to the other S. Gravesant S.E. by S. The Brill S. by E. S. Cape S. Cape Oostvoorn When Gravesand is south east and by south from you being a halfe league without the land then the coast of Holland to the northwards of the Maes sheweth it selfe as is portrayed in the two figures here above The Heyde Monster Delft S' Gravesand Naeldwyck Liet North Capes When you are open before the Maes the land to the northwards of it sheweth it selfe thus The outer S. Cape The Inner S. Cape The Brill S.E. by E. Oostvoorn Recagne These two figures one to the other Recagne Goerees gat Goeree Outdorp Cape of Goeree When you are upon before the Maes being north west and by west from the Brill then the land to the southwards of the Maes sheweth it selfe as is prefigured in the two figures here above Oostvoorn The Brill east The land of the Brill The two figures following belong unto this at the AA and BB one to the other Goerees Goereese gat Goeree Ourdorp Cape upon Goeree When you are before the Goereese gat about a league without the land on both sides of it sheweth as is demonstrated in the three figures here above These two figures belong at the crosses one to the other S. E. by south Renisse Wolsack or Blenck The land of Goeree sheweth it selfe as is pourtrayed in the two figures here above when the cape and steeple come one to the other and that you are a league and a halfe without the land The third Demonstration Which unfoldeth All the Chanells betwixt the Maes and the Whielings as that of Goeree Brewers-have Zirick-zea the Veer and the Whieling COncerning the Situation betweene the Maes Goerees-gat wee have handled sufficiently in the discription of the River Maes Betwixt the land of Goeree and Schowen there goe in alsoo two channels the norther most is called the Kevitsen which is onely for small ships the southermost for great ships is called the Brewers havens channell Betwixt them lyeth a great dry sand called the Springer which floweth not under but with very high floods For to finde the Kevitsen Kevitsen you must bring the steeple of Zierick-zee southeast and by south or a little more southerly from you and then you shall espy upon the land of Schowen about the steeple of Zierickzee a wood of trees bring that and the foresaid steeple of Zierickzee one in the other and runne so right in untill you come against the sand so shoaler so neare as you can and then you runne farre enough alongst to the westwards of the west head When you come within the west head against the sand on the south side then goe in east alongst by the foresaid dry sand the Springer at the end of the aforesaid dry sand shooteth off also a point under water the which you must sound for being past that runne then directly with Brewers-Haven as is shewed in the Card. In this channell it is upon the shoalest ten foor deep The Brewers-Haven Before the land of Schowen thwart of the Brewers haven channell lye three bankes the outermost called the Breebanke lyeth a kenning without the land upon which it is 7. fathom deep and againe within it 19. fathom deep upon the second nearer the shoare it is five fathom deepe and againe within it 7. fathom deep the third Called the Ooster lyeth close by the Land and runneth into the eastwards betwixt Schouwen and the land of Goeree upon it is no more then six foot water when you will sayle into the channell of Brewers-Haven you must goe about to the Westwards of it Upon the west end of Schouwen stand two Capes bring them one in the other and runne so right in with them untill the steeple of the Renisse which steeple is somewhat sharpe come to the Blenck or Wolsack that is a high white sandhill Renisse Wostack which sheweth it selfe out in whitenesse high above all the other Sand-hills then leave the Capes and runne in by the marks of the Blencke De Cust van ZEELANDT Begrypende in sich de gaten al 's vande Wielingen ter Veere Ziericzee Brouwers haven Goeree en de Maes and Renisse untill that Outdorp a little white steeple upon the Land of Goeree come to the steeple of Goeree and so you shall go in betwixt the Ooster of the larboard side and the Hill on the starboard side and alongst a little to the southwards of the outermost buy untill you come within the Ooster When that Outdorp and Goeree are one in the other then leave also the foresaid markes of Renisse and runne in right with Goeree untill that you come by the second buy or if there lye no buyes untill that the Bommenee come a little without the Oxetayle that is a point of Schowe lying out a little to the westwards of Brewers-haven sayle soo right in untill you are past the Brewers-Haven This Channell of Brewers-Haven is a broad and deepe Channell very convenient for great ships he that must turn in or out to windewards may runne alongst a good wayes
banckes the fore-flood falleth over the banks towards the land about the third part of the tyde afterwards alongst the Land but the after-flood falleth to the northwards alongst the sea in the right fareway When the flood beginneth to go there thwart off at sea then it is already halfflood on the land and the water flowen halfe wayes soo that men may goe into all the Havens on the Flemish coast with 5 or 6 foot water In the middest through the Heades the flood falleth n. e. by east the ebbe south-southwest by west Fro. Dover to the n. Forland the tyde falleth through within the Goodding n. s over the Brakes Quernes Before Callice and Blacknesse the flood falleth first one quarter to the land afterwards n. n. e. Of the Depths In the right fare-way betwixt the Marsdeep the Heades it is 23 24 fathom deepe A little without the Flemish bankes 18. 19. 20 fathom but neere Goodding or about the north Forland it is 26. 28. and also 30 fathom deep the neerer Goodding the deeper water Being thwart of Goodding in 28 or 29 fathom you shall not be 2 shots of a cast-peece from it For to sayl out of the Marsdeep towards the Head go not on otherwise then south-southwest southw and by south but you must be very carefull to take heed of the tydes when you shall reckon to have sayled 40 or 46 leagues then edge over to the Flemish banckes untill you come in 20 or 18 fathom when that you are sure of these grounds then goe on southwest at length southwest by west you shal come in the midst betwixt the Heads of Callice Dover Flanders you may see from the Poope in 16 fathom and then you are within the poynt of the Flemish banckes Callice cliffe the south Forland or the poynt of Dover you may see when you are before them in 24 fathom Courses Distances From Blanckenbrough to Ostend s w by w. 2 leagues From Oostend to Newport w. s.w 3 leagues From Newport to Dunkerck w. sw 5 leagues From Dunkerck to Graveling w. s.w 5 leagues From Graveling to Callice w. s.w 4 leagues From Callice to Callice-cliffe s w by west 1 league From the Heades of Callice and Dover to the Riffe of Iutland northnortheast 120 leagues From Callice-Cliffe to the Naze in Norway north north east somewat northerly 143 leagues Heights The Heads and Dover lye in 51 degr 12 min. How these Lands doe shew themselves at Sea Wenduynen Ostend Middlekerck Newpoort Wackerhout S. Catelijn Lombardside Thus sheweth the coast of Flanders betwixt Ostend and Newport Thus sheweth Dover when you sayle to the westwards of the Vaen or Vrow-sand through the Heades When you run from the Downes towards the north Forland then the land sheweth it self thus Newport The Broers Soutkoten Dunkerck Graveling Callice Thus sheweth the coast of Flanders betwixt Newport and Callice when you sayle alongst by it The second part THE SECOND BOOKE OF THE LIGHTNING-COLVMNE OR SEA MIRROUR WHEREIN Is contained the Description of the Sea-Coasts of the Channell between England and France and likewise the Sea-coast of Ireland Furnished with all the needfull Seacards sights of Land with divers changes as well in the courses distances as in the heights and purged from many faults Gathered together from the experience of divers Famons Seamen and lovers of Navigation never before brought to light By IOHN van LOON Practicioner in the Sciences of Astronomy Geometry and the Mathematiques IN AMSTERDAM Printed by Iohn Iohnson dwelling at the Signe of the Passe-card 1654. Pascaart vant CANAAL Begrypende in sich Engelandt Schotlandt en jerlandt al 's mede een gedeelt van Francryck De Cust van NORMANDIE en Picardie al 's mede een gedeelt in Engelandt tusschen de Hoofden ende Ornay The second part of the New LIGHTNING COLUMNE THE SECOND BOOKE Of the WESTERNE NAVIGATION Containing The description of the Sea-Coasts of France from Blackenesse to Ushand and the Coasts of England from Dover westwards to the Lands end the Channel of Bristow with all the Sea-Coasts of Ireland The first demonstration Where in Are set fourth the Coasts of France from Blacknesse to the Island Aldernay or Ornay From Dover to Beachy ABout a great league to the westwards of Callice cliffe lyeth Blackenesse Blacknisse a fowle out-poynt thwart of it lye many rocks alongst the shoare From Blacknesse to the River of Bullen lyeth the coast south and by east three leagues a league to the southwards of the Nesse the land falleth somewhat in with a faire sandy Baye In this Baye lyeth a Fisher village on the coast thwart of it in the sandy Baye is a very good roade for easterly windes in 5. 6. 10. 15. and 16. fathom according as you will lye farre from the shoare For to anchor there you must bring the steeple of the village over the middest of the houses This place is called S. Iohns roade S. Johns Roade A little to the northwards of that foresayd Fisher village stands a mill with some houses from thence to the northwards you may not anchor for there the ground is fowle and stony To the southwards of the Roade towards the River of Bullen lye alsoo some little rockes alongst the coast which you must not come very neere to Upon the north poynt of the River of Bullen standeth a high thick Tower called the Tourd ' Ordre Tour d' Ordre by sea men the Old-man Oldman a speciall mark for to know the River by About an English mile to the northwards of this Tower a little mile from the shore lyeth a little suncken rock Suncken rock under water where a Huye or Smack may not goe over Upon the south poynt of the River of Bullen Bullen standeth a stone wall and upon it a great Beakon of a mast thwart of it from the south poynt lyeth off a little riffe or shoale that you must shun and run close alongst by the Head which lyeth at the north poynt and hath been there lately made When you are come within this Head you must presently let fall your anchor and ride there It is a tyde-haven there you must goe in at high water and at low water lye drye upon the chindle Without before the River lyeth a banck men were wont from the southwards to run in over in two fathom and from the northwards in three fathom but it is now to the southwards deeper through the scouring of the water alongst the foresayd Head which is made at the north poynt From the Oldman or the River of Bullen to Somme The Somme is the course south about eleven leagues between them lye alsoo two other rivers Cauche Auty upon the first lye Eastaples and Monstreu there you must goe in a middle channell at the highest water within it falleth altogether drye at low water Men may sayle into the Somme For to sayle into
right best fareway you must sayle nearest the side of the Flatholme there it is deepest with an open wind men may sayle alongst soo neare by it without any hurt that they may cast with a stone upon it Within or to the eastwards of the Holmes lyeth shooting off from the eastland a great shoale lying off with a great tayle towards the west which comming from the west men might easily sayle within For to avoyd it you must set the Flatholme when you are passed it southwest from you keepe it standing soo untill that you shall have sayled about a great league looke out then for a little Island that shall then at the east shoare lye neere about thwart from you upon it stand two mils and above upon the maine land standeth one mill When the mill that standeth upon the high land commeth to the west end of that foresayd Island you shall bee past the foresayd tayle of the English grounds and cannot sayle within it goe then e.n.e. alongst by the English grounds which are flat soo that you may sayle alongst by them upon your lead in 3 or 4 fathom soo neere as you will When then the mill that standeth upon the high land Markes the English ground commeth betweene the foresayd two mills which stand upon the little Island then shall you bee altogether past the English grounds run then boldly towards the English coast and so close alongst by it as you please towards Passis or Portshut poynt From the Flatholm to Passis poynt in the right fareway it is deep 14 and 15 fathom The Welsh side you must shun and take very good heed of it because it is very uneven and full of steep bankes that are needle to which at many places do fall dry at low water you may not come neerer that coast then in 12 fathom for sayling towards it you shall have at one cast ten fathom and before you can heave the lead againe you shall sit fast alongst from Flatholm till you come to Bristow About Passis poynt men do anchor in Kings road Kings roâ—d which is between the poynt the river of Bristow neerest the river there is good clay ground in 8 or 9 fathom They that are bound into the river are brought in by the Pilots Men may from thence also sayle in alongst by the coast to the River of Severne which is also like the River of Bristow a faire River to saile into For to saile from Bristow to Londey you must goe away from Passis poynt w. s w. untill that the Flatholm doe come to beare southwest from you or els untill that the three foresayd mills upon the south land doe stand a like farre one from the other to wit that which standeth upon the high land doe stand in the middest betweene the other two sayle then right with the Flatholme very close alongst to the southwards of it and being passed it goe then forth westsouthwest unto the Island Londey About 3 leagues to the northwards of Flatholm lyeth the Town Cardief Cardief in Wales being a tyde-haven before it is a good road as well for ships that are bound to the westwards as to the eastwards where men may lye land lockt allmost for all windes to the eastwards and to the northwards of it lye many sands and bankes which fall drye at low water and so that they make men landlockt for northeast and by east winds Hee that is bound into the roade before Cardief comming from the west must runne in betwixt Flatholm and the poynt of Cardief lying somewhat to the southwards of Cardief and being come about the poynt then to the northwards up alongst by the shoare unto the road Close up to the poynt of Cardief to wit to the westwards of it lye two little Islands the one next to the poynt is called Silye and the westermost Barrey Silye Barrey Betwixt Silye and Flatholme lyeth a rock southeast and southeast and by east from the poynt which must bee avoyded when you will sayle through there unto the roade of Cardief When it is high water you may sayle over all that which at half ebbe commeth not above water About five leagues west from the poynt of Cardief lyeth the Naes The Naes to the westwards off it the land falleth away first about northwest then afterwards southwest or southwest and by west and soo maketh a great bay betwixt the Naes and Wormes head where there are very good roads for west north north-northeast and east winds From the Naes a little from the shoare lyeth a great banke called Naessand Naessand which lyeth off from thence west and by south and westsouthwest at least five leagues into sea From Wormshead likewise lyeth off a banck which is very steep called Helwix Helwix about foure leagues southsouthwest and southwest by south into sea they that come from the eastwards and will goe to ride in the Bay betwixt the Naes and Wormeshead runne alongst close by the poynt of the Naes through betwixt the Naes and Naessand likewise they that come from the westwards and are bound in there may run through close alongst by the poynt of Wormshead and the Helwix it is betwixt them both about an English mile broad He that commeth out of the sea may come in betweene the foresayd sands or bancks it is there wide and broad Wormes head Wormshead is a poynt lying farre out appearing a farre off allmost like the Oldhead in Ireland but it is above or under and goeth sloping downe towards the north it hath in many placey chalky spots whereby it is very easy to bee known About 4 leagues to the westwards of Wormeshead lyeth the little Island Caldy Caldy where upon standeth a white Tower shewing off at sea like a white sayle which is set there for to know the land by Betwixt this Island and the poynt of Wormshead the land falleth away with a great bay to the northwards unto Carmarthen and Tinbuy in this Bay it is all over good anchor ground for to ride On every side of the Island Caldy men may alsoo anchor and have shelter for all windes A little to the northwards of Caldy lyeth a rane of suncken rockes called the Wullox Wullox Hee that will sayle about to the eastwardes of the Island to Tinbuy may runne close about by it up to the westwards through betwixt the Island and the suncken rockes leaving them on the starboard side or else hee may runne alongst alsoo to the eastwardes and to the northwards of the suncken rockes leaving them on the larboard side and soo then also to Tinbuy and anchor there before the Towne in five or sixe fathom To the eastwardes and to the northwardes of the foresayd rockes it is also good anchorage in sixe seven or eight fathom it is there all cleane ground and farre of shoale water Men may alsoo sayle through to the westwards of the Island
or by some Don Patrix that may be seen far at sea shall bee seene long altering it selfe by the cliffe land as men sayle along the coast to the northwards or to the southwards From Sleynshead or Twelve-pence unto the sound of S. Gregories before the bay of Galloway the course is s e nine leagues Of the tydes and courses of the streames In all these foresaid Havens and roads an eastnortheast and westsouthwest Moone maketh full sea In the offing a seaboard a southwest and northeast Moone Courses Distances From C. de Horne or Hornhead to the Island Tore w. n. west 2 leagues From the Island Tore to the Isles of Aron southwest 8 leagues From the Islands of Aran unto Tellinghead southsouthwest 8 or 9 leagues From C. de Tellin or Tellinghead to Kilbegh eastsoutheast 4 leagues From C. de Tellin to the Stagges of Broadhaven southwest 11 leagues From the poynt of Broad haven to Black-rocke southsouthwest 6 leagues From Black-rock to Acklehead southeast 1 league From Acklehead to Slynshead s e by e. 10 leagues From Blackrock to Rokoll n. and by w. 60 leagues Heights The River of Galloway lyeth in 52 degrees 54 minut How these Lands doe shew themselves at sea KilbeghThe Island betwixt Kilbegh and the poynt of Slego The high hommock vpon the poynt of Slego These two figures belong at the A A one to the other and shew the forme or likenesse of the land betwixt Kilbegh Slego White downe-Open before Slego Very low land The Old flat Towers The Staggs Thus sheweth the Land to the eastwards of the Staggs of Broad-haven towards Moye Slego Staggs The entrance of Broad-haven Bleek rock thwart from you Southsouthwest somewhat southerly S. Patricks Low land at the end of the high land The land to the northwards of Blackrock as farre as the Stagges and then to the southwards alongst past S. Patricks hill sheweth as in these two figures is Described when men are thwart of Blackrock Thus sheweth the land betwixt Blackrock and Acklehead when it is east from you when you come more to the northwards these high hils doe alter also wider one out of the other Blackrock The poynt of Blackrock sheweth thus when you are to the northwards of it Thus sheweth the poynt of Blackrock when men are to the southwards of it then they see a sharpe rocke over the poynt Don Patrick or Patricks hill Thus sheweth S. Patricks hill when it is s e. and by s from you being not farre from Land at the n. side of it lye some little Islands and rocks S Patricks hill S Patricks hill Black rock Thus sheweth the second poynt to the northwards of Blackrock lying in the height of 54 degrees and a halfe De west custen van YERLANDT Beginnende van Corckbeg tot aen Slyn hoost The ninth Demonstration Where in is Contained the Description of the west Coast or poynt of Ireland from Slynehead to Corck Bey FRom Slynehead untill you come before the Bay or great inlett of Galloway the course is southeast nine leagues where lye three great Islands called the Islands of Aron â—slands of Aron the southermost is greatest the channell betwixt the northermost and the middlemost is called the sound of S. Gregory S. Gregoâ—ies sound which is on both sides cleane without any foule ground so that men may turne in too againe from the one Island to the other without feare of taking any hurt The north side of the middlemost Island is nothing else but faire steep rocks when you are come within the Islands you must shun the middlemost because of a little riffe that lyeth off it Men may also sayle to the northwards of the northhermost Island into the great Bay of Galloway likewise also to the southwards of the southermost to wit through betwixt the southermost Island and the maine land but that Island is foule at the south end of it and therefore you must runne in alongst close by the south shoare or at least leave two third parts of the channell towards the Island as well in sayling in as sayling out Somewhat within the Islands on the south side lieth a high black point called Blackhead Blackhead you must beare in to it and alongst by it in whether you come in at the souther channell or through S. Gregories sound or else in at the norther channell for the north side of the bay is foule and rocky About 2. great leagues n.e. from black-Black-head lyeth an Island called Motton-Ile under it on the east side you must anchor in a poole in 5 or 6 fathom You cannot sayle furthet up to the northwards into the River with shippes but onely with boats A north-northeast and south-southwest moone maketh there full sea and it floweth there so strong in the baye that the rockes which at low water are above water at high water you may sayle over them at low water of spring-tydes the grounds fall dry w. s west from Motton-Isle Motton-Isle a great league a halfe off most all rocky and foule ground When you sayle from Blackhead towards Motten-Island you must take heed of the north side and edge over most towards the south side About halfe wayes betwixt them both lyeth a plate or ledge nearest the north side you must goe in alongst by it to the southwards From the Bay of Galloway to Lupishead Lupishead at the n. poynt of the Haven of Limbrick the course is s s west 11 or 12. leagues About halfe wayes betwixt them both lyeth a little Island that is foule round about with ledges of Rocks that lye of to seawards a league a halfe a seaboard the land To the southwards of the poynt Lupishead goeth in the Haven of Limbrick Haven of Limbrick Foure leagues eastnortheast within the foresayd poynt lyeth an Island called Seatrick Seatrick you must sayle alongst without it to the southwards leave it on the larboard side in sayling up At the east side of that Island is a good road About halfe wayes betwixt that Island and Lupishead lyeth a shoale which you must shun and sayle alongst to the southwards of it From the Island Seatrick unto Limbrick are more 12 or 13 leagues first from thence to the Island Quoine 4 or 5 leagues there are two little Islands you must sayle close alongst to the northwards of them from thence eastnortheast unto a great rock called the great Beefe The great and little Beefrocks and then southeast unto another great rock called the little Beefe When you are come before the towne in the Haven you must make fast on the Castle with three or foure Cables For there goeth a very strong tide as well of flood as of ebbe An eastnortheast Moone maketh there full sea From the Haven of Limbrick to the haven of Smerrick Smerrick the course is southwest eight er nine leagues betwixt them both lyeth the coast with a gtear Bay where in lye some
the world right over our heads and crosse wise through the Equinoctiall and to cut right through the Horizon North and South The Sun touching this Circle is at the highest and then it is just noone or the middle time of the day and likewise the stars when they come upon this Circle they are like the Sun at the highest of the Horizon and right South and as soone as they have past it they begin to goe downeward againe The 21 Point Of the height of the Sunne or Starres and what it is THe height of the sunne or Starres is nothing else but the distance or space that is between the Horizon and the Sun or Starre it selfe which to understand perfectly you must make that we suppose a point or prick to be right above our heads in the Heavens that is equally distant from the Horizon in all places which point is called the Zenith or the head point now seeing that the whole circuit of the heavens containeth 360 degrees and that the just halfe thereof is seen above the Horizon it is certaine that this point called the Zenith in all places is above the Horizon 90 degr whether you turn cast west north or south or any other way now when the Sun riseth above the Horizon and ascendeth higher and higher from it and commeth toward this point or Zenith we say that as many degrees as it ascended from the Horizon towards the aforesaid point or Zenith that the same is the height thereof as by example when he is risen halfe up from the Horizon towards the Zenith then he is 45 degrees and if he be risen a third part from the Horizon then he is 30 degr high and so forth the like is also to be understood of the height of the Stars The 22 Point How to measure or find the height of the Sun or of the Starres TO find the height the Mathematicians have devised divers fit Instruments whereof there are two that are most used at sea which are the Astrolabium and the common Crosse-staffe the use of the Astrolabium is plaine and well known unto all men for holding the instrument by the ring let the Sun shine through the holes of the eares the uttermost part of the Diall counting from below upwards sheweth how many degrees the Sun is risen above the Horizon as the former figure plainly sheweth The Crosse-staffe is used thus you must place the end of the Staffe underneath the eye then you must remove the Crosse too and fro untill the upper end of the Crosse standeth even upon halfe the Sun or Star and the under end just with the Horizon and then the Crosse will shew you upon the staffe how many degrees they are in height so you account after those numbers whereof ninety stand that the end of the staffe that is next to your eye the computation going backward from the other end of the staffe for otherwise if you reckon by those numbers that proceed forward from the end next your eye then it will shew you how many degrees the Sun or Star standeth from the Zenith or Head point of the Horizon as you may see by the figure ensuing The 23 Point How you must make a perfect Crosse-staffe and how you shall marke it THe Crosse staves are oftentimes made the one after the other by imitation or patterns and that many times without judgement or knowledge whether the pattern bee good or not whereof notwithstanding a man ought to bee very certaine for it is a matter of great importance and therfore I have here set downe two severall wayes easie to be understood how to make the same exquisitely and perfectly upon good reason good ground Make an even smooth board and paste good paper upon it then draw a strait line upon one edge or side thereof as you see in this figure a â—ine marked C A D then marke another line as you see it marked B C that B C A bee a right and just halfe square then take a good paire of Compasses and set one foot thereof in the angle marked C and compas therewith as you see B E A so that A E B may bee a right quadrant or fourth part of a Circle then devide it into two parts to E and then devide the other halfe which is A E into 90 parts or degrees as thus first devide it into 3 parts and then devide each 3 parts again into 3 and then it wil be divided into 9 parts which done devide each of them into two parts and those divisions or parts divide into 5 parts and then it will bee divided into 90 parts then take a straight line and lay the one end thereof upon the Center C and so forth upon every severall point which you have divided in the Quadrant and then draw lines from the Center C through all the foresaid points as long as the board will containe them as you may see in this figure which done then your instrument is fully made and prepared to marke your staves there upon Which to doe with your compasses take just the half length of your Crosse and set the one foot thereof in the Center and put the other at F and doe the like from D right to G which two points or pricks draw with a straight line unto each other as you see in the line F and G and then mark where the line F G is cut through by the lines that come out of the Center through the degrees or points of the quadrant for those cuttings through shew upon the said line the right marking of your Crosse-staffe that is you must marke your Staffe just as you see that these lines in F G are marked by the lines that come out of the center and passe through it whether the Crosse bee long or short you must follow the same order that you are taught in the figure the line H I is drawne for a shorter Crosse then the former and K L for one that is shorter then that viz whos 's halfe is just so long as the Line C K. The second manner of Framing your Crosse-staffe much excelleth the ftrst in perfection and curiosity so you divide it perfectly with your Compasses which is done in this manner Upon an hard even board which is pasted with paper draw a straight line as long as your staffe is and with point compasse take the just halfe or the length of your Crosse whereunto you mean to mark your staffe and prick it many times along in the said line as you can divide each of the said lengths into 11000 equall parts then look upon the table here after insuing which shewed you how many of those points or parts you shall marke for each degree and that you must doe in manner following from the end of the staffe which you will make the eye-end pricke just the halfe length of the Crosse and there make a Crosse stroke from whence prick for every degree so many
grand forme 23 No. 8 The Coast of Norway from the Pater-nosters till Neus 32 No. 9 The Coast of Norway from the Neus till Bergen-lied 37 No. 10 The Bergen-liedt 38 No. 11 The Norway-Coast between Jeltefloert and the Point of Horrel 41 No. 12 The Dronten-Liedt 43 No. 13 The Coast of England from the river of London untill Wales 47 No. 14 The Coast of England and Scotland from Wales untill Coggen-Island 53 No. 15 The Coast of Scotland betwixt Coggen-Island and the Orcades 57 No. 16 The Coast of Fayerhill Hitland as also of the Isles of Ferie and other Islands behinde the North-West Point of Scotland 59 The second Book No. 17 The Generall Pas-Card of Dronten untill the Isle of Jan Mayen Spitsbergen Archangel as also Nova Zembla 63 No. 18 The Coast of Norway from Dronten untill J. Tromsond 63 No. 19 The Coast of Finmarcken from J. Tromsond untill North-kyn 64 No. 20 The Coast of Norway from North-kyn untill the river of Kola 67 No. 21 The Coast of Lapland betwixt the river of Kola and the Island of Swetenoes 70 No. 22 The Coasts of the Mouth of the White-Sea 74 No. 23 The Coasts of the White-Sea 77 No. XXIII The River of the Archangel in grand form 77 The third Book No. 23¼ The generall Pas-Card how men shall go from Hitland the Isle of Jan May Ysland and the Strates of David 78¼ No. 23½ Card or Map of the Isle of Jan May. 78½ No. 23¼ Card of Spits-bergen 78¼ The fourth Book No. 24 The generall Pas-Card of the East-sea 79 No. 25 The Coast of Schonen between Valsterboen untill Schenckenes and from the Isle of Ruga untill Rygs-head 79 No. 26 The Coast between Rygs-head and Der Winda 86 No. 27 The Coast between Der Winda and Revel as also the Islands of Alands-Haff 88 No. 28 The Coast between the Wolff-Isle and the uttermost of the East-sea 94 No. 29 The Coast of Sweden betwixt Oeland and Stockholm as also the Islands of Oeland and Gotland 98 No. 30 The Lied of Stockholm and the hole of Uttoy in grand form 99 A TABLE Of the Western-Water The first Book No. 2. THe Generall Pas-Card of the North-Sea 1 No. 3 The South-Sea the Fall of Urck and the Texel-stream 1 No. 31 The Coast of Holland from Texel to the Mase 3 No. 32 The Sea-Boesems of Texel and the Mase in grand form 3 No. 33 All the Sea-Boesems betwixt the Mase and the Wielingen 8 No. 34 The Coast of Flanders betwixt the Wielingen and the Heads 13 The second Book No. 35. The generall Pas-Card of England Scotland and Yrland 17 No. 36. The Coast of France from Swartenes to Ornay and from Dover to Bevezier 17 No. 37 The Brittan-Coast from Ornay to Heysant 21 No. 38 The Coast of England from Bevezier to Portland 26 No. 39 The Coast of England from Portland to Lezart 29 No. 40 The Coast of England from Lezart to the Cape of Cornwall and the Bristow-Canal 33 No. 41 The South-East and Eastern Coast of Yrland from Corkbeg unto Hedenhoo or Dublin 40 No. 42 The North-East Coast of Yrland from Hout to horn-Horn-head as also Scotland right over 48 No. 43 The north-North-West Coast of Yrland from Hornhead to Slynehead 52 No. 44 The West-point and South-Coast of Yrland from Slynehead unto Corck-haven 55 The third Book No. 45 The generall Pas-Card of the France-Coast and the Coast of Spain from Heysant unto the innermost of the Strates 61 No. 46 The France-coast from Heysant unto the Isle Boelin 61 No. 47 The Coast of France from Boelin and the river of Bordeaux 67 No. 48 The Map of the river of Bordeaux as from thence also to S. Sebastian 71 No. 49 The Coast of Biscay from the Kings-road unto the Island of S. Cyprian 75 No. 50 The Coast of Gallicia and Portugal from the Isle of S. Cyprian and Camina 80 No. 51 The Coast of the Northern part of Portugal and Camina untill Pissage 86 No. 52 The Coast of the Southerly part of Portugal from Pissage to S. Uves 88 No. 53 The Coast of Algarbe and Andaluzia from S. Uves unto Palos 90 No. 54 The Coast of Andaluzia from Palos untill through the Strate of Gibraltar by Modril and the Coast of Barbarie from Cape de Spartel to old Mamora 93 The fourth Book No. 55 The generall Pas-card of the Coasts of Barbarie Gualata Arguyn de Flamish and Canarian Coast as also the South-Islands from the Strate to C. de Verde 99 No. 56 The Coast of Barbarie from old Mamora unto C. de Geer as also the Flamish Isles 99 No. 57 Map of the Canarie Islands 105 Pascaart van EUROPA Al 's mede een gedeelt vande cust van Africa The first part THE FIRST BOOKE OF THE LIGHTNING-COLVMNE OR SEA MIRROUR WHEREIN IS The Description of the whole NORTH-SEA Furnished with all the needfull Seacards sights of Land with divers changes as well in the courses distances as in the heights and purged from many faults Gathered together from the experience of divers Famous Seamen and lovers of Navigation never before brought to light By IOHN van LOON Practicioner in the Sciences of Astronomy Geometry and the Mathematiques IN AMSTERDAM Printed by Iohn Iohnson dwelling at the Signe of the Passe-card 1654. Pas caarte van de NOORT ZEE Vertonende van Caliz tot Dronten al 's oock tusschen Doeveren en Hitlandt Pascaarte vande ZUYDER-ZEE Texel ende vlie-stroom al 's mede 't Amelander gat The first part of the New LIGHTNING SEA COLUMNE OR SEA MIRROUR THE FIRST BOOKE Of the EASTERNE NAVIGATION Containing The description of the north Sea the Coast of Holland Friesland Holstein Iutland Meklenburgh and Denemarck to Valsterboen in the Island of Rugen and with all the coast of Norway to Dronten as also the east side of England and Scotland The first Demonstration Where in Are described the south Sea the Vliestreame the Vlie and the channell of Ameland WHen you saile from Amsterdam to the Fall of Vrck you must keep the middle of the channell in sailing to Tyoort and from thence over Pampus Pampus with a shipp of great draught that draweth tenne foot or more keepe Marcken church without to the land of Udam called Schyteldoecks-haven so long untill that the steeple of Zuyderwouw come past Kinnigherbuert which are the houses half way betwixt Schyteldoecks-haven Durgerdam goe then towards the land e. untill that the New church of Amsterdam come about Durgerdam keepe that so standing untill that the church of Weesp be come past the House or Castle at Muyen so that it do stand somewhat nearer to Muyen then to the House keepe Weesp standing so untill that Edam come without the east end of Marken In this farewaye it is a foote deeper then if you sailed right through For to avoyde Muyen sand men were wont to bring the houses which were wont to stand upon Tyoort to the southwards of the Heyligher-stee at Amsterdam thereby you may make some
the Hever northeast and southwest 8 leagues You may lye by the outermost buye in the Hever and see Holyland with cleare sight From Holyland to Ameren or Small-deep northnortheast somewhat easterly and southsouthwest somewhat westerly 10 leagues From Holyland to the deepe of Silt or List north and by east 17 leagues From Holyland to Knuyts-deep or Ryper-deep north and north and by east 23 leagues From Holyland to the horne or the Doodenbergh north and south 30 leagues From Knuyts-deep or the Island Phanu to the Flye southwest and by south 50 leagues From the Island Silt to the Fly northeast and southwest 46 leagues From the Doodenbergh or the Horne to the Haven or Numen or Rinkopper-deepe north and by west seven leagues From the Rinkopper-deep or the Haven of Numen to Boevenbergen north and by west about 10 leagues From the Doodenbergh to Boevenbergen the land of Iutland lyeth north and by west and south and by east 17 or 18 leagues From Boevenbergen to the Holmes northnortheast 9 leagues From the Holmes to Robsnot or Robbeknuyt northeast 9 or 10 leagues From Robsnot to Hartshals northeast and by east four leagues From Hartshals to the Scawe or Schaghen eastnortheast 8 leagues From Rinkopper or Numer-deep to the Fly southsouthwest or a little more westerly about 58 leagues From Boevenbergen alongst Iutland without the grounds unto the Elve or the outermost buy south by east about 48 leagues From Boevenbergen to Holyland south by east somewhat southerly about 43 leagues From Boevenbergen to the Flye or Borneriffe southsouthwest about 67 leagues From Boevenbergen to the north Forland southwest by south 118 or 120 leagues From Boevenbergen to the Holmes before Yarmouth southwest 93 leagues From Boevenbergen to flambrough-Flambrough-head westsouthwest somewhat southerly 98 leagues From Boevenbergen to Scharbrough westsouthwest somewhat southerly 100 leagues From Boevenbergen to the River of New-Castle or Tynemouth west and by south about 106 leagues From Boevenbergen to Boecknes west and by north about 106 leagues From Boevenbergen to the Naze northwest and by north 24 leagues From the Riffe in sixteene fathom to the Fly south and by west 65 leagues From the riffe in eighteen fathom to the strait betwixt Callice and Dover southsouthwest about 120 leagues From the Hoâ—â—es to the Naze northwest about 19 or 20 leagues From the Holmes to Fleckery northwest and by north 19 leagues From the Holmes to Mardow north 27 leagues From the Holms to Longsound north and by east 35 or 36 leagues From the Holmes to Ferderoer northnortheast 40 leag From the Scawe to Tynemouth westsouthwest 130 leag From the Scawe to the Naze west 33 leagues From the Scaw to Fleckery west and by north 25 leag From the Scaw to Reperwick west and by north and northnorthwest 24 leagues From the Scawe to Mardowe northwest and by west 20 or 21 leagues From the Scawe to the Longsound northwest and by north or little more northerly 22 or 23 leagues From the Scawe to Ferderoer north and by west 23 leag From the Scawe to Otturen north and by east somewhat easterly 42 leagues From the Scawe to Maelstrand eastnortheast 13 leag From the Scawe to Nidinck east and by south 15 or 16 leagues From the Scawe to Waersbergen eastsoutheast 19 or 20 leagues From the Scaw to the Trendels southeast 8 leagues From the Scaw about a seaboard the Trendels southeast and by east 8 leagues From the Scaw to Lesou southsoutheast 8 leagues From Scaw to the Small Helmes south 4 leagues From the Scaw to Seabuy south and by west 5 leagues From the Helmes to Seabuy 2 leagues From Seabuy to Aelburger-deep south and by west 9 leagues From Aelburger-deep to Mariacker south and south and by west 4 leagues From Aelburger-deep to Stevenshead southeast and by south 9 leagues From Aelburger-deep to Haeslin southeast and by east 20 leagues From Stevenshead to Haeslin eastsoutheast 13 leagues From Stevenshead to the great Helme south and by west about 6 leagues From Stevenshead to the poynt of Ebeltud southsouthwest 7 or 8 leagues From Stevenshead to Syro southsoutheast and southeast and by south 9 leagues From the great Helme to Wero southsoutheast 4 leag From the great Helme to Sampso south 4 leagues From the south end of Ebeltud to Aerhuysen west and by south and westsouthwest 5 leagues From the road of Sampso to Ebelo south by west 5 leag From the south end of Sampso to the Island Ebelo the course is southwest and by south 4 leagues The northwest coast of Fuynen lyeth southwest and by west 8 leagues From Endelaw to Melversound south and by west 6 leag From Ebelo to Melversound southsouthwest somewhat southerly 5 leagues From Sampso to Roems southeast by south 6 leagues From Syro to Rosnes southsouthwest 5 leagues From by west Syro to Roems southsouthwest south and by west 9 leagues From Wero to Bultsack south and by west 4 great leag From Wero to Romps south and by east 8 leagues From Romps to Knuytshead south by east and southsoutheast 5 leagues From Knuytshead to Langeland southeast 4 leagues From Knuytshead to the Island Tassing south and south and by east 4 leagues From the southeast end of Fuynen the east poynt of Asken west and west and by north 6 leagues From the poynt of Askens to the little Island of Toreu westnorthwest and west and by north 2 leagues From Areu to Melversound northnorthwest 5 leagues From the poynt of Rusnes in Zealand to the Island Syro northnortheast and southsouthwest 5 leagues From Rusnes to Casseur southsoutheast 9 or 10 leag From Spro to Langeland south and south and by east 4 leagues From the north end of Langeland to the south end south 8 leagues From the south end of Langeland to the Island Arr the course is westnorthwest 4 leagues From the Island Arr or Koping to the Roen the course is west and by north 5 leagues From the Roen to the little Island Areu westnorthwest 3 leagues From Areu to Apenrade south and by west 5 leagues From the river of Apenrade to the Strait of Sonderburge 3 leagues From Sonderburgh to the Sley southeast and by east 4 leagues From the south end of Langeland to Femeren the course is southeast and by east 8 leagues From the Pools-riffe lying on the Island Aelst to Femeren the course is eastsoutheast 13 or 14 leagues From the Sleye to the Kiel southeast 4 leagues From Kiel to Femeren the course is east by north 8 leagues From Femeren to the Trawe of Lubeck southsouthwest 9 or 10 leagues From the Trave of Lubeck to Wismer-deepe the cours is first northeast by north and then eastnortheast in all 9 leagues From Rostick to Robbenes the course is northeast 4 leagues From Robbenesse to Doornbosch northeast and by east 7 leagues From Femeren to Wismerdeep southsoutheast seven leagues From Femeren to Rostick eastsoutheast 8 or 9 leagues From Femeren to Gester-riffe east by north 9
it hath manie faire deep Havens with verie good anchor ground where in great abundance of timber and boards laden The first Haven to the eastwards of the Naze The kloof Cowe Calfe is called the Kloof or the Cowe Calfe after two high hommockes easy to be knowne the one somewhat greater then the other which lye within the Haven upon the high land and are so called by the Dutch Schippers He that will sayle into this Haven comming from the westwardes shall meete with a great rock somewhat to the eastwardes of the Naze called Melyn where upon is a Warder being past that he shall find another outrock where upon standeth also a Warder called Sparrels Betwixt these two outrockes he must runne into this haven the Kloof When he commeth against Sparrels there lyeth a suncken rock under water where of hee must take heed Somewhat within Sparrels lyeth an other Rock in the farewaye but above water which he must leave on the larboard side In sayling in so the haven doth open it self by little and little and so shall come against the Kloof being come within it he must edge up to the westwards about the poynt and anchor there in a sand baye in fifteen or sixteen fathom so that the two foresayd hommocks the Cowe and the Calfe stande about northeast from him Of the streames on these Coasts Although the water on these Coasts of Norway doth ebbe and flow beyond Bergen as farre as Stadt neverthelesse it keepeth no certaine tyde in sometimes of the yeare and principally in the Spring time there goeth such a strong streame about west alongst Norway that a ship having a southwest storme shall not bee able to stem it when it can beare sayle How nearer you come under the land of Norway so much the stronger goeth the streame This streame falleth out of the Belt on against the land from the northeast and turneth so alongst by the Coast of Norway towards the north Sea Read more largely of this in the description of the Belt How these lands doe lye one from the other and from other lands From the west end of the Paternosters to Harmanshead north and by west somewhat northerly 5 leagues From Harmanshead to southerwixholm north and west 6 leagues From Southerwixholm to Akersound southeast and by east 6 leagues From Akersound to the Sisters west and by north 4 leagues From the Sisters to Bast northwest and by west 5 leag From the Red-poynt to Bast southsouthwest 3 leagues From Coperwijck to Bast south and by east 4 leagues From Soen-water to Farder south somewhat westerly 8 leagues From Bast to Farder south and by east 5 leagues From Monck Island or Roge to Farder southsouthwest 5 leagues From the Sisters to Farder southwest and by west four leagues From Farder to Laerwijck westsouthwest 4 leagues From the Island Farder to the Longesound westsouthwest 8 leagues From the Longesound to the Iofferland southsouthwest one great league From Iofferland to Maerdow southwest 8 leagues From Iofferland to Fleckory southwest 19 leagues From Eastrysen to Maerdow southsouthwest 3 leagues From Maerdow to Wolfsound or Reperwyck westsouthwest 8 leagues From Maerdow to Blindsound southwest 6 leagues From Blindsound to Wolfsound southwest 3 leagues From Wolfsound to Fleckory southwest and by west and westsouthwest 3 leagues From Reperwijck or Wolfsound to the Naze westsouthwest 11 leagues From Fleckory to the Naze westsouthwest 8 leagues From Schare sound to the Naze westsouthwest 3 leag From the Naze to the Holmes in Jutland southeast 19 or 20 leagues From the Naze to Boevenbergen southeast and by south 24 leagues From the Naze to Holyland the Course is south and by east and southsoutheast 67 or 68 leagues From the Naze to the Eems south somewhat easterly 75 or 76 leagues From the Naze to Born-riffe south somewhat westerly 83 leagues From the Naze to the Tessel or Maersdeep the course is south and by west distant 93 leagues From the Naze to Walcheren south and by west 125 or 126 leagues From the Naze to the Head or the Strait betwixt Calice and Dover the course is southsouthwest or somewhat more westerly 143 leagues From the Naze to the Holmes before Yarmouth southsouthwest somewhat westerly 104 leagues From the Naze to Flambrough head south-southwest 100 leagues From the Naze to Scarborough southwest 99 leagues From the Naze to the river of Newcastle southwest by west somewhat westerly 104 leagues From the Naze to Liet in Scotland westsouthwest somewhat westerly 103 leagues From the Naze to Boecknesse west somwhat northerly 88 or 89 leagues From the Naze to Fayrhil westnorthwest 93 leagues From the Naze to Hitland the course is northwest and by west about 100 or 101 leagues From the Kloof or the Cow and Calf to the Scaw the course is east and by south somewhat easterly 30 leagues From Fleckory to the Holmes in Jutland southeast and by south 19 leagues From Fleckory to the Scaw east and by south 25 or 26 leagues From Reperwycke to the Scaw east and by south and eastsoutheast 24 leagues From Maerdow to the Holmes the course is south 24 leagues From Maerdow to the Scaw southeast and by east 20 or 21 leagues How these Lands doe shew them selves at sea Calfe cow Thus sheweth the Cow and Calfe being foure or five leagues north and by east from you Calfe cow Thus sheweth the Cow and Calfe when you come from the westwards and are thwart of them Thus sheweth the Naze being four or five leagues west from you Thus sheweth the land to the eastwards of Longsound when you are about five leagues off from the land and saile from the westwards alongst by it The Naze The land of Spranger Thus sheweth it selfe the land of Norway betwixt the Naze and Fleckory when you are about five leagues off from it Fleckery The Boat Wolfsound Hamersound The land betwixt Fleckory and Maerdow or the Drommels sheweth thus when you come from the westwards and saile alongst by it Drommels Hill to the northwards of the Drommels East Drommels The land of westkiel Thus sheweth the land betwixt Maerdow and Longsound when you are about Langen five leagues without the land Distelbergh Long. Britto Thus sheweth the land of Northeast betwixt Southerwycksholme and Maelstrand when you saile alongst by it being foure leagues without the land De Custen van NOORWEGEN Tusschen Der Neus en Schui tenes The sixth Demonstration In which Are set forth the Coast of Norway between the Naze and Schuytenes A Little to the westwards of the poynt of the Naze lye two havens New and Old Silloe or Silleu some doe call these one haven like as also men may doe and distinguish it into an easter and westergat or Haven for men can goe with boats through within the rockes from the one into the other but not with great ships Silloe For to sayle into the easter-gat or New Siloe you must take heede of the Bishops Boeden which are a
sea The land of Bommel-head is about 4 leagues long and the first long Island to the northwardes of Schuytenesse it is altogether low plaine land except on the south end which is so steep a poynt as if it were hewen right off with an Axe About the middest between both ends of this Island on the sea side lyeth a very high round hill called Sick Sick of fashion almost like a sugerloafe or a mans hat and lyeth farre above al that low land which you may easily see at both the ends of this Island and also further where by it is very easy to be knowne For to sayle into this foresaid channell out of the sea you must bring that steepe poynt of Bommell-head Bommell-head east northeast or somewhat more northerly from you and saile then towards it And then you shall leave a great many little Islands and rockes on the starboard side and the foresayd poynt on the larboard side and close in about by it to the northwardes A little about this poynt of Bommel-head on the Innerside lyeth a Haven called Bommelhaven there lyeth a rock before the mouth of it and also a suncken rocke betwixt that rock and the north poynt of that Haven He that will go in there must go into the southwards of the rock in betwixt the south poynt the foresaid rock leaving the rock on the starboard side of him So soone as men are within the Haven they must let fall their anchor within it is broade and wide and men lye there landlockt for all winds At the end of the Bommell lyeth Munsterhaven Munsterhaven in the land of bommell-Bommell-head on the west side of the Lieth even about the poynt This is also a good haven for them which are bound to the southwardes and by reason of contrary winds cannot get further there standeth a little white church thwart of it men must anchor in ten or twelve fathom From Munsterhaven to Beulhave it is north an English mile there is also good anchoring for southerly windes Beulshaven further it is north somewhat easterly to Volger-roade Volger-road before it lyeth a little Island under it or by it on the one side or other men may anchor for all winds Men may also sayle round about it and run in and out at both sides of it if they will From Munster-haven to Bremer-holme the Liet lyeth north somewhat easterly about two leagues Bremer holm there the Liet is devided into 2 parts to witt into the Old and the New Liet The old Liet goeth through to the eastwards of Bremer-holme and the Island that lyeth to the northwards of it but the new land alongst to the westwards of it The Olde Liet Old Liet is not well to be used by them which are not there very well acquainted also great ships that draw twelve or thirteenfoot may not goe through there Somewhat more then thwart of the middest of Bremer-holme in the narrow of the Old Liet lyeth a shoale where upon is no more then thirteene or fourteene foote water A little to the northwardes of it on the east shoare lyeth a bay called Ingesound where is good anchoring there lyeth also a bay on the west side halfe wayes betwixt that foresayd shoale Bremerholm where men also may anchor The New Liet New Liet is broad deepe enough Thwart of Bremer-holme in the fareway nearest the west side lyeth a sunken rock where of you must take heed For to avoyd it you must marke the Island before Volger road If you keep it so that you may see it without the north-poynt of Volgher-roade then you cannot come too neare that suncken rock but if you bring that Island behind the foresayd poynt so that you cannot see it you shall without fayle sayle right upon it you must observe these marks as well in sayling up as in sayling off In the middest of the New Lieth lyeth Ruighe-holme Ruighe-holme there men lye with shippes fast unto two Rings the one is upon the Island and the other upon the poynt to the northwards of it where they bring out Cables to From the New Lieth to the poynt of Redholme Redholm it is northnortheast a halfe league betwixt them both goeth out the Soltmerfioerd westsouthwest into sea which is a fayre broad large channel On the south side lye some suncken rockes but if you runne out amidst the channell you can take no hurt of them At sea men doe know this Soltmerfioerd Soltmerfioerd by that foresayd high and round hill Siecke which is very easy to be knowne lyeth two leagues to the southwards of it about halfe wayes betwixt this Sound Bommel-sound The land on the south side of Soltmerfioerd towards Sick are small white rockes which you must leave on the starboard side and runne in so amidst the channel eastnortheast and then you can take no hurt of those foresayd suncken rockes lying on the south side of this channell There lyeth also a suncken rocke at sea before this Sound on the south side a little off from the north poynt of the land of Bommell-head with hard winds out of the sea the sea breaketh very much upon it but it lyeth at least five or six fathom under water When as you come in there you have Redholm on the larboard side and you must run northeast alongst by it until you come about the foresayd poynt From the poynt of Redholme to the Narrow it is north through the Narrow northnorthwest north by west at least a halfe league In this strait it is so narrow that you can but even turne through it on the west side of the strayt lyeth a little Island thwart of it is good anchor-ground in 13 14 fathom Reine Knaep From the straite to the Reine Knape the course is northwest and by north two leagues this is a little Island without trees cleane round about which you may sayle about on both sides Thwart of Reine Knaep on the east shoare lyeth Deepesound a good haven for them which are bound to the southwards Deepe sound the mouth of it is narrow and also but three fathom deepe but within it is broad large and twenty fathom deepe Alongst to the westwards of the Reine Knaep it is broadest to the eastwards lyeth a point by it a little Island you may sayle through betwixt the point the little Island From the Reine Knaep to Bag-holme the course is north by east a great league Betwixt them both lye some Islands and rocks all which you must leave lying on the starboard side there you may at divers places sayle through and within these Islands and rocks and at last come out againe by Bag-holme into the Liet but it is not to be done but for them that are there extraordinary well acquainted Men might lightly get in amongst these Islands and rockes so that they should not know how to come out
againe At the east side of Bag-holm men may anchor but there shooteth off a little ledge of rocks from the north end whereof they must take good heed Crabkerk From Bag-holme to Crab-kerke it is north about three quarters of a league this is an indifferent haven for southerly winds but it is little there can lye no more then two or three shipps From Crabbe-kercke to Bock up Ra it is north somewhat easterly a league betwixt them both runneth out the Crosse-sound or Cruysvoert westsouthwest and southwest and by west into sea which sound is very easy to be knowne at sea by three hils almost like the Drommels on the east side of Norway but not so high which lye there abouts within the land which are also called by some the north Drommels North-Dâ—oÌ„mels when they are northeast or thereabouts from you then you are open before the Crosse-sound Before the mouth of it lyeth a little Island nearest the south side from which lye off some rockes to seawardes the broadest and largost channell is alongst to the northwards of it you may wel also sayl through to the eastwards of the Island betwixt it and the land but there it is narrow yet cleane cleare without any dangers When you are within it you must goe in alongst eastnortheast and northeast by east so shall come into the Liet against Cruysenes a little to the southwards of Bock up Ra. Bock up Ra â—ock up Ra. is a little Island which you may sayle about on both sides alongst to the westwards of it is the common fare-way and also deepest When as you sayle about to the eastwards of it and come to the north end of Bock there it is very narrow and there right in the fareway somwhat nearer the east shoare then Bock lyeth a suncken rock there standeth allwayes a pole upon it for to avoyd it you must leave it on the starboard side and run alongst to the westwards of it Betwixt this Rock and Bock it is no deeper then sixteen foot Right to the westwards thwart of Bock lyeth an other Island under it you may also anchor in Bock-lieth To the westwards of this Island goeth through the Cobbelieth Cobbeliet which men doe sayle through with bare winds or when they must turn through because it is broader then on either side of Bock up Ra. From Bock to the Wattingstream Wattingstream it is north a league there you cannot sayle amisse If you doe not sayle against the land for there lye no dangers except at the west shoare lyeth a suncken rock close by the land whereupon remaineth at low water about ten foot water Upon the end of Watting stream the course is north west about a shot of a cast peece or a quarter of a league and then you come thwart of little Alefioerd Little Alifioerd which is a haven on the west shoare where is good anchoring both for a north south wind under a high round Island where you shall lye land-lockt From thence to the Reestone Reestone it is north about two leagues betwixt them both on the west shoare lyeth great Alefioerd Great Alefioerd which is also a haven both for northerly and southerly winds thwart of it the fareway is about two musket shot broad The Reestone is a rocke under water lying by the poynt where the two high hills stand which men doe call the Lethoorns Lethorns these are two high sharp hilles which men may see farre off as they sayle up or off that Lieth Upon the Reestone standeth allwayes a Pole that thereby men may avoyd it You may also sayl alongst to the eastwards of it but to the westwardes of it is broadest and the right fareway over against it on the west shoare lyeth Knorwyck knorwike a haven where men may also anchor From the Reestone to Werckenesse Werckenes the course is eastnortheast about a quarter of a league and then you leave the Island Asland lying on the larboard side to the northwards of you in it lye also two havens where you may also goe to anchor the one called Struys-haven Struys-haven Schoon-haven Ieltefioerd and the other Schoon-haven To the westwards of Asland you may sayle to Jeltefioerd run out there about northwest into the sea When you come out of the sea into Jeltefioerd then you come into the westwards of Asland against the Reestone into the Lieth At the south poynt of Asland lyeth Ielteschaer Ielteschaer a little round Island or rock whereupon standeth a great Iron ring when as men come up the Lieth and with calmes are in danger to be driven with the current to the northwards along by Asland then they bring with the boat a cable fast on it Men may wend round about the foresaid rock without any danger From Werckenesse to Hornesse Hornesse it is east a little distance when you come by it you may see the towne of Bergen lye before you you must anchor before it in the Wage in 11 12 or 13 fathom To the northwards of Asland lieth the Island Harle Harle which is about five leagues long when you come from the northwards you may runne about it on both sides and so come into the Waghe of Bergen The Harlefioerd goeth out about north and by west and northnorthwest betwixt Asland and the land of Harle How these lands doe lye one from the other and from other lands From Schuytenes to Bommelshead northnorthwest somewhat northerly 7 leagues From Bommels-head to Cruysoort n.n.w. 9 leagues From Cruysoort to Harle northnorthwest 13 leagues From Schuytenes to the Outseers west and west by north 4 leagues From the Outseers to Jeltefioerd or the Wage of Bergen north 26 leagues From Schuytenes to the Flye south and by east southerly 106 leagues From Schuytenes to the Tessell south and south by east 112 leagues From Schuytenes to Walcheren south 138 leagues From Schuytenes to the Holms before Yarmouth south by west or somewhat more westerly 113 or 114 leagues From Schuytenes to Flambrough head south-southwest by south 104 or 105 leagues De Cust van NOORWEGEN Vertoonde van Bergen tot aen de hoeck van Horrel From Schuytenes to Tinmouth the course is southwest 99 leagues From Schuytenes to Boeckenes w. by south southerly 72 leagues From the Outseers to the Flye south by east 106 or 107 leagues From the Outseers to the rocks Outweers north and by west somewhat northerly 43 leagues From Jeltefioerd or the wage of Bergen to Hitland west 63 leagues From Jeltefioerd or the Wage of Bergen to the North-end of Hitland west west by north 63 leagues From Schuytens to Hitland west and by north westnorthwest 73 leagues From Schuytenes to the north end of Hitland westnorthwest somewhat northerly 80 leagues How these lands doe shew themselves at sea Thus sheweth the Boek when you are to the southwards of Schuytener
that will anchor upon the ballast plate let him bring the flat steeple which standeth a little to the northwards or the eastwards of Hull to the high point of Pawl and keepe them so standing untill that he come to the plate there it is best for to anchor upon it From the North poynt of the Humber called Spurne head to Flambrough head Flambrough head the course is northnorthwest nine or ten leagues betwixt them it is shoale water of six seven and eight fathom deepe Flambrough head hath many white spots and Chalke Hils especially upon the north side towards Fyley Flambrough hath a Head or Piere A league to the westwards of it on the south side lyeth a little Towne called Burlington Burlington which hath also a Piere You may anchor there in the Baye in six or seven fathom Three leagues by west Flambrough head lyeth Fyley Fyley in a round baye to the southwardes of a poynt that lyeth out which hath a Pier or Head where you may lye within it but it falleth there drie at lowe water Without the head of Fyley lyeth a rock under water called Fyley bridge Fyley bridge betwixt it and the Pier you may well lie a flote with a shippe of an hundred lasts in five fathom at low water and have shelter for a northeast east winde From the poynt of Fyley to Scharbrough it is northwest two leagues Scharbrough Scharbrough hath 2 Pieres or Heads where you may runne within them at high water from the southwardes but at low water it falleth there also drie Men come in there from the southwards From Scharbrough the coast lyeth alongst by Robbinhoods bay Robbinhoods bay untill before Whidbye most northwest but past Whidbie the land falleth in westnorthwest by little little more westerly unto the Tees Robbenhoods bay is a good roade for a southsouthwest and west winde there men lie in seven or eight fathom Whidby Whidby is a tide haven which falleth drie at lowe water at the east side of the haven runneth off a riffe of rocks where of you must take heede For to saile in there you must runne in betwixt the two beakons untill that you come in betwixt the two lands and anchor there From Whidbie to the Teese the coast lyeth most westnorthwest and west and by north about seven leagues betwixt both lye Huntley foote Redcliffe Huntley Huntleyfoot foote is a high hill lying on the sea side about 4 leagues to the eastwardes of the Tees Redcliffe Redcliffe lyeth about halfe wayes betwixt Huntleyfoote and the Tees it is a cliffe of such verie redd earth that when the sunne doth shine against it it is to see to like redd cloth these two are verie good markes for to know this coast by Close to the southwardes of the mouth of the Teese lye three Riffes which lye about a halfe league eastnortheast into sea which are verie foul and stonie and fall drie at low water upon the north side they are verie flatt so that you may sound about by them in five sixe seven fathom but on the south side are so steepe that comming neare them and sounding in thirteen and fourteen fathom you should be upon them before you should be able to heave the lead the second time A league and halfe to the northwards of the Teese lyeth Hartlepoole upon a poynt that lyeth out almost like an Island For to goe in there you must runne into a bight to the southwards of the towne with in a head untill you come against the towne there you shall lye drie at low water About halfe wayes betwixt Hartlepoole Hartlepoole the Teese runneth off also a riffe of rocks thwart from the shoare a good wayes into sea come no nearer in then 5 or 6 fathom There standeth a mill to the northwards of the towne Hartlepoole if you keepe that to the west side of the towne Hartlepoole then you cannot sail upon that foresayd riff but if you bring the foresayd mill a little to the westwards from the town so that you may plainely see through beâ—wixt the mill and the towne then you shall not faile to saile upon that riffe For to sayl into the Tees For to sayle into Teese comming from the northwardes you must observe these markes following A good wayes to the northwardes off Hartlepoole a little to the southwardes of Sonderland and a little within the land lye upon the high land two hommocks close one to the other verie easy to be known off fashion like womens breasts called the Paps The Paps keepe these 2 hommocks even without the poynt of Hartlepoole which shall then stand from you northwest and by north and sayle so on to the southwardes and you shall fall before the Tees and shall not sayle to neare the sands that lie out before the mouth of the Tees and lye off about a halfe league into sea On both sides as well on the north side as the south side of the Tees stand 2 little white houses for fire beacons If you come from the northwardes and get sight off them then bring first the 2 southermost one in the other which shall then stand from you south and by east sayle right in with them untill that the other 2 which stande on the north side of the Teese come also one in the other then leave them on the south side and sayle in right with them that stand on the north side and so you shall runne in amidst the channell there is upon the barre or shoalest at low water no more then five foote but it floweth there with a common tyde at least 2 fathom up and downe A southwest moone maketh there full sea If when you come from the southwardes you will sayle into the Teese then bring the innermost of the 2 firebeakons which stande on the north side at least a handspikes length or the length off a capstane barre to the northwardes of the other and runne so westwardes towards them untill that the two firebeakons on the south side are one in the other then saile in right with them as hath beene saide untill that the 2 firebeakons on the north side come one in the other when you have them one the other runne in right with them untill that you come by the north shoare then close alongst by it When as that you come so farre in past the first fire beakon to wete that you may see Hartlepoole betwixt the 2 firebeakons there you may anchor in three 4 or five fathom or when Hartlepoole commeth betwixt the foresaide firebeakons then go southsouthwest untill that you come by the south shoare there it is also good anchoring Further it is pilots water unto Stockton for there within the deepes doe shifte oftentimes and that in shorte time 3 4 or 5 times in a summer He that will sayle in there with northerly windes and a floud must reckon well his
the foresayd north point westnorthwest from you and that the Wolf lye then free from the mayne land you shall not misse to fall upon this shoale You may sayle round about Nargen Nargen and also anchor under it for northerly and westerly winds in 10 12 14 18 fathom From Nargen to the Island Wranger the course is east seven leagues The lying there of you may see in the following directions Of the Coast of Finland betwixt the Alands Haffe and Elsenvos Betwixt Uxe or Bostell on the coast of Sweden the Island of Aland Alandts goeth in the Alands Haff which men do call the North Bodem which lyeth up so farre to the northwards into Finland that a ship with good fresh way should scarce be able to sayle to the end off it in five dayes upon the farthest end of this North Bodem lyeth the towne Toreu there Sweden is parted from Finland At the outermost rocks off Finland on the Alands Haff lye Islands Ercke Castelholm and Corpe Ercke Castelholm Corps Ercke is the westermost of all and the outermost from thence goeth in the Corpe sound northeast alongst thwart off Castelholm and Corpe Corpe lyeth within the other Island and from Corpe you may edge over into the Liet off Abbo which commeth running off from Uttoy you may alsoo sayle up into this channell about behind Lipland and so come out into the North Bodem Uttoy is a great Island upon it standeth a great mast with a barrell for a beakon and lyeth from the Island Corpe east and west about nine leagues On the west side of Uttoy Uttoy goeth up the Liet of Abbo which lyeth in first north north and by east about three or four leagues and then you come on against a great Island And then it lyeth in alongst that great Island northeast unto the the Sound of Abbo Abbo Abbo lyeth at the end of that foresayd great Island This Liet runneth up alongst to the eastwards through betwixt the rocks about thirteen leagues within it lyeth a rock under water which is a Magnes Magnes or Load-stone also the grounde seemeth to be there of the vertue of the Load-stone or when you come thereabouts the compasses doe not stand but run and turne without any certain standing still untill that you be at least a league past it and then they begin to stand right againe From thence it lyeth east and east and by south all alongst through the rocks unto the Rough Island to the westwards of it runneth the channell of Luys into the sea when you are thwart of it sea you may see the land of Revel It is there betwixt them both to wit betwixt the Out rockes and Nargen or the land thereabouts ten leagues broad The Out-rocks of Luys and the channell of Uttoy lye east west about 21 or 22 leagues distant although it be there betwixt them both all broken land and full of rocks yet nevertheles there are no havens nor channels fit for ships to come into From Luys Luys alongst without the Rocks to the channell of Elsenvos the course is east and by north 15 or 16 leagues but Nargen or the Wolf and channell of Elsenvos lye northnortheast southsouthwest about 16 or 17 leagues asunder How these lands doe lye one from the other and from other lands From Derwinda to Lyserorte northeast 4 leagues From Lyserorte to Domesnes eastnortheast 12 or 13 leagues From Domesnes to Round east and by north somewhat easterly 8 leagues From Round to Duynemondt or the mouth of the river of Rye southsoutheast 15 leagues From Domesnes to Rye or Duynemond southeast 20 lea From Duynemondt to Lemsael or Sales northeast 14 leagues From Duynemond or the mouth of the river of Rye to the Island Kin north and by east 14 or 15 leagues From Round to the Island Kinne east by north east 7 leagues From Domesnes to the south end or the road of Oesell northwest and by north 6 great leagues From Domesnes to Ambroeck north and by east 7 leag From Round to Ambroeck northwest 8 leagues From the south end of Oesell to Arentsbergh northeast 8 leagues From Luseroorte to Howbrough west by south somewhat westerly 40 leagues From Lyserorte to the poynt of Alant or the Islands north and by west somewhat westerly 52 leagues From the south point of Oesell to Hondsorte northnorthwest 12 leagues From Hondsort to the poynt of Dagerorte northnorthwest 8 leagues From Dagerorte to Syburghnes east and by north 7 leag From Syburghnes to the Oxeholme and the Grasholme southsoutheast 4 or 5 leagues From the Grasholme to the great tree upon Oesell south 5 or 6 leagues From the northeast poynt off Oesell to Parno eastsoutheast 20 leagues From Arensbergh to the northeast point of Oesell east and by south 8 or 9 leagues From Ambroeck to the northeast poynt of Oesell northeast somewhat easterly 9 or 10 leagues From Round to the northeast end of Oesell north somewhat westerly 13 leagues From Lemsael to Parno north and by east 11 league From Dagerorte to the rose-Rose-head south-southwest and by south 80 leagues From Dagerorte to Eastergore southwest and by west 39 leagues From Dagerorte to the Godtsch sand w. s.w 26. leagues From Dagerorte to Boechschaer northwest and by west 18 leagues From Dagerorte to the poynt off Alandt or the Islands northwest and by north 26 or 27 leagues From Syburghnes to Oetgensholm east and by n. 7 leag From Oetgensholm to great Roge east 4 leagues From great Roge to Surp east 4 leagues From Roge to Nargen east somewhat northerly 5 leag From the south end of Nargen to the Island the Wolf east 4 leagues From Revell to the Wolf north somewhat easterly 5 lea From Oetgensholme to the Out rocks of Luys north by east 15 or 16 leagues From Syburghnes to the channell of Abbo or Uttoy northwest and by north 20 or 21 leagues From Uttoy or Abbo to the channell of Luys the course is east 22 leagues From Luys to the channell of Elsenvos east 16 or 17 leag From Nargen to the channell of Abbo the course is westnorthwest 32 or 33 leagues From Nargen to the channell of Elsenvos northeast and by north 17 leagues From Nargen to the Out-rocks of Luys northwest by north 13 leagues From the Wolfe to Peltingschares eastnortheast 20 leagues From the channell of Abbo to Boeschaer southwest somewhat southerly 16 leagues From the Island the Wolf to Wranger east and by south 3 leagues How these Lands doe shew themselves at Sea Domesnes Doembergh Lyseroort Coerland sheweth it selfe in this forme betwixt Lyseroort and Domesnes when you sayle alongst by it Domesnes Doembergh Lyseroort Derwinda Backovens Towards Der Lyba Thus sheweth the coast of Coerland from Domesnes past Derwinda and the Backovens towards Der Lyba When you sayle about Domesnes then Oesel sheweth it selfe thus The little Island Ambroeck The Island Round when you sayle alongst by
steeple it is al most one course south south east or somewhat southerly the buyes lye along the west shoare men may for need sayle alongst to the westwards of them but not farre for the west shoare is so steepe that if a great shippe should lye with the stemme against it there should be at head no more then 3 foot and by the main mast at least 3 fathom deepe but the east shoare is flat men may runne alongst by it upon their lead untill they come within the buyes The buy upon the tayle that is the innermost buy of the old slenck lyeth from the buy upon Cape and steeple south by west s s west but the Helder southeast men may sayle from the buy upon Cape and steeple rightwith the Helder without danger or to the buy upon the tayle from thence alongst by the south shoare which is also very steepe or right to the Helder according as shall be best convenient for the wind and tyde The foreftood falles very strong over the south ground to the Spaniards channell till half flood and the fore-ebbe s.s.e. till halfe ebbe The faling of the tide The Helder lyes from the buy upon the tayle e.s.e. and s.e. and by e. When you are come near the Helder run close by it so to avoyd a tayle shooting off from Geest sand which you may sayle within as you come from the sea there lyeth a Buy upon it which leave on the Larboard side Being past the Helder goe northeast or a little more easterly or alongst the Tessels side in eight or nine fathom unto the Copevaerders road The Wieringhen side is steep The Slenck In The Slenck used to lye six buyes but the sands are growne now soo high and have stopt the passage Within the sixth Buy it is wide enough to sayle in from thence right to the Helder east southeast To sayle out at the Land-deepe The Land deep run alongst within a bow-shot of the foot strand of Huysdown and about by the heads and you shall not misse the innermost Buy lying on the shoals nearest the west shoare in seventeen foot at high and 13 foot at low water that shoaly place is not above 2 ships lengths broad over it and alsoo within it it is deep enough Thwart of that Buy shooteth off a little tayle from the shoare towards the Buy therefore run close alongst by the Buy and leave it on your starboard side in sayling out Besides that Buy there lie 3 other Buyes in the Land-deep which you must leave all lying to seawards of you and so run betwixt them and the shore when you are past the 4 Buy you are past all the shoale and may sayle where you will To finde the Land-deep comming from the sea southwards you must sound the shore in four fathom and a halfe and running so by the shore you shall sayle right with the outermost buy which doue come no neare the shoare els you should saile within the taile of Arrian Bergers Creek which shooteth off from the shoare to the south sandhill Or els if you come from sea with an open winde thē keepe the great Cape upon Huysdowne over Dirckooms sandhil that is a round sandhil a litle to the south of Kyck downe bur not soo high and sayle soo in right with it you shall then meet with the outermost buy which lyeth at low Water in 4 fathom and a halfe nearest the Wester-grounds or the hakes leave it on the larboard side and run in alongst to the eastwards of it betwixt it the shore it lyeth most northeast and northeast and by north in you can take no hurt on either side if you take heed to keep you from the shoare Thwart of the Kyckdowne or comming to the southwards of it you must edge a litle from the shoare to avoyd a shoale which lyeth neare somewhat off from the shore When you come to the second buy then commeth the mill to the Northwards of Kyckdowne and at the third the mill and Cane Nels howse come one in the other which two buyes lye in 5 fathom at low water From the third to the innermost buy it is n.e. and by e run close along to the east ward of it to avoyd the foresayd little tayle of sand which thwart of it lyeth off from the shoare and then forth within a bow shot about the heads and so along by the strand of the Helder Conrerning the Mase and Goerees Gat. The Mase is at present but a wide or broad flatt having little change of depth which may bee sayled with all winds When the wind is south regard the old markes that is comming from sea before you see the Capes bring the steeple of Brill which is a stumpy steeple e. s.e south from you To sayle in to the Mase with a south wind or a little e. or southerly after you have gotten the cape bring them together and run on or if you bring the Brill steeple a spades length northwards the tower of Oostvoorn and run on you shall then first run the buy in sight lying in 3 fathom at low water From this first buy to the 2 and 3 buy wee sayle right upon the Capes The second buy lyes on 13 and the third upon 11 foote beeing there come the steeple of Goer comes a little upon the foote strand of the land of the Brill the fourth buy lyeth much alike with the third right upon the Capes though a little more southerly betweene these buyes the shallowest of the Maes is about ten foote by the fourth buy it begins to deepē with a common low water it is about eleavē foote deepe but with a southerly or s e. wind it runs shallower From thence to the fourth buy it is broad so that there wee may sayle in a reasonable depth Below the Heydyck or inmost beacon it is much narrower The fifth buy lyes distant from the fourth e. n. e and n.e. and by e. From the fourth buy to the fifth southward along the buyes in the right channell it is deep 14. 15. 16. 17 foote neare the fifth buy five fathom The sixth buy lyeth from the fifth e. and by N. in twelve foote there alongst the southward it is 5 6 fathom deepe and is called the Pitt Comming then a little beyond the sixth buy soo commeth Maeslandt sluce and Vlaerding steeple together keepe them so and run forwards soo long till you bring the old head of the Brielin the new head then you may run to the land of the Briel and so further alongst the southwall till you come before the Briel where you may anchor Now who will run higher up the Mase let them run all along the soutwall till hee is past the New sluce chuse then the Northwall From the east end of Roosenburgh there comes a tayle off which you may undersayle comming westwards If then when you are past the heads of Swartewal you bring not
the other you shall not have lesse then 19 or 20 foot Being come over the tayle of the Hinder in the right deepe it is 6 7 8 fathom deepe the neerer the strand the deeper water A little within the cape or almost thwart of it is the narrowest of the channell further in it is wider on hen side towards the Hinder it is rising ground but the south shoare alongst by the strand is very steepe Of the tydes courses of the streams about these foresayd places UPon the Wieringer-flat maketh full sea a southeast or northwest Moone Before Tessel in Coopvaerders road an eastsoutheast westnorthwest Moone Without the grounds or shoals of the Tessell an east west Moone maketh the highest water and in the entring of the Tessel an east by south west and by north Moone but the flood goeth a good while longer in And likewise runneth the ebbe also longer out then the lowest water When the Moon is south or somewhat more westerly it beginneth apparantly to flow without on the strand and likewise upon the shoals The fore-flood and the after-ebbe out of the Tessel fall both one with the other n.n. e. thwart over the grounds and channels and right out at the Spanjards channell untill halfe flood c to the contrary the fore-ebbe with the after-flood fall right in at the Spanjards channell s s east over the south grounds and thwart over the Slenk and the other channels untill half ebbe A little while before half flood the flood beginneth to runne right in at the channel and againe a litle before half ebb the ebbe beginneth to fet right out at the channel Therefore hee that wil sayle into the channels must reckon his tydes very wel wherein consisteth very much Without before the channel in the sea the tyde turneth about with the Sunne so that when a shippe doth lye at an anchor without the channels hath neither good nor hurt of the waves of the sea it should have but a little still water In the North Sea the tyde falleth round more then halfe tyde upon the Broad fourteene it turneth about with the Sunne or the Moone and falleth but a quarter tyde right alongst the sea Nearer the coast of Holland Zealand the tyde falleth whether it be flood or ebbe somewhat sloping towards the land but in the midst of the tyde it falleth right alongst the sea and in the last of the tyde it setteth to seawards towards the westwards or the northwards Betwixt the Marsdeepe and the Maes in the fareway the fore-floot commeth out of the north sea and turneth about with the Moone falling towards the land northeast n. east and by north The Fishermen of the Maes say that when they are out of sight of the land they can perceive in calme weather by the turning about of the tide they be to the northwards or to the southwards of the Maes Somwhat to the southwards of the Maes the after-flood turneth about against the Sunne but to the northwards of the Maes is turneth about with the Sunne untill the last quarter and then it setteth towards the shore or the coast next unto it They say also that alongst the coast of Holland men have no helpe of the ebbe in turning to windwards towards the Maes except they bee without sight of the land because there goe no ebbes by the land when the wind is to the southwards of the west Before the Maes a s w. and by west and a n.e. and by east moone maketh a high water Before the Brill a s w. and s w. and by south northeast n. e. by n. Moone Before the old Maes a s w. and n. e. Moone Before Rotterd a s w by west n.e. by e. moone Before Dordrecht a westsouthwest Moone In the Goerees-gat and before Goeree a s w by south and s s w. Moone Before Hellevoet-sluce a s w. and by south Moone Betwixt the Marsdeep and the Maes in the fareway the foreflood commeth out of the north sea turneth about by litle litle n. e. n. e. by north towards the land In the sea thwart of the places without sight of land is a poynt or a poynt and a halfe later full sea the further from the land the later Not very long after that the flood beginneth to go without the Maes it doth begin also to go into the Maes but the after-flood falleth strong in and soo likewise in the Goerees-gat Close before the channels by the land the tyde turneth about with the Sunne so that when the after-flood falleth into the channels it turneth to the southwards and becommeth against a running ebbe the after-ebbe falleth againe thwart off to seawards out of the channels Of the depths grounds about these places Five or sixe leagues without the Tessell lyeth the Broad fourteens lying from thence n. east with a small tayle which lyeth about north from the Tessell and n. w. from the Flye to the southwards it runneth with the east side against Catwyck or Scheveling but the west side lyeth off at least 11 or 12 leagues thwart off to seawards from Nortwyck and Catwyck it is a banck most of fourteen fathom deep in some places somewhat more or lesse Betwixt it the land it is againe 18. and 19. and to the northwardes 20. fathom deep When you come over it about the Tessel or the Flye and come againe in 16 or 17 fathom towards the land then you shall begin to see the land There runneth of to the southwards into the sea from the coast of Halland 3 smal Banckes or ribbes which are somewhat broad shoale by the land run off sharp deepe to the end the first the fishermen call the Smal-eight beginneth a litle to the southwards of Egmont upon the sea the second the Wtterrib thwart of Wyck upon the sea the third and southermost the Hard a litle to the northwards of Santfoort The high steeples of Holland and West-Friesland as Egmont-within Wyck upon the sea Santfoort and other more men may see before they can see the sand-hils five leagues without the land in 14 or 15 fathom that is upon the south end of the Broad-sourteenes but Camperdownes and the sand-hills thwart of Haerlem they may see before they can see some of the steeples The steeples alongst the coast are most of them flat except the Beverwyck Schevelingen and Santfoort Before the Maes and Goeree men may see the land in 14. and 15. fathom Courses and Distances From Tessel to the Maes s s w. 24 leagues From Tessel to the Heads or the Strait between Callis and Dover s w. somewhat southerly 52 leagues From Tessel or Marsdiep to Callis cliffe south-southwest and by south 52 leagues From Tessel to the North foreland s w somewhat westwardly 47 leagues From Tessel to Orfordnesse w. s.w 37 leagues From Tessell to Yarmouth west and west and by south 34 leagues From
Wenduynen a sharp steeple Of the tydes coâ—â—ses of the Streames Before Brewers-haven a s s w. and n. n. e. Moone maketh high water In the Channell of Brewers-haven a south and by west Moone At Ter-Veer a s s w. and n. n. e. Moone In the Veer-gat a s and n. Moone It is not good to runne in at Veer-gat especially with a southerly or southwest wind before that the flood be halfe spent for the after-ebbe and the foreflood fall thwart over the Baniaert hard in at the Roompot towards the land of Schowen but when the flood is halfe spent then it falleth right in at the Veer-gat When the Moone is southeast or northwest then the water is there already two third parts flowen Like as it is here before sayd of the Mase and the Goerees-gat so also here before the channels of Brewers-haven and Ter-Veer the flood turneth about with the Sunne soo that the after-flood falleth in the channels the afterwards turneth about to the southwards and becommeth a running ebbe but the after-ebbs fall right out at the channels thwart into the sea and then with the fore-flood about againe to the northwards Before the Wielings a south and by w. and a s s w. Moon maketh the highest water At Flushing Ramekens a s s.w Moone At West-chappell on the land of Walcheren a south and north Moone maketh high water When the water is a halfe houre fallen then the tyde beginneth to fall out there and when it is flowen a halfe houre it beginneth to fall in but before the Botkill it beginneth to goe therefirst an houre before the lowest water but it falleth long at sea In the Splete and over the shoals lying the abouts the tyde turneth about against the Sunne and at last falleth in at the channels A south and north Moon maketh there the highest water The fore-flood falleth over the shoals there towards the land When the Moone is about eastsoutheast or that the water bee about two houres flowen then it beginneth to turne towards the south first southsouthwest and then past the south towards the east untill that the Moone be southsoutheast and then the flood falleth to the eastwards When Blanckenbrough standeth about southeast and by east from you from thence to the eastwards the tyde turneth about against the Sun but from thence to the westwards you shall not finde the tydes to turne about Against Zealand in the fare way a third part of the flood falleth towards the land and afterwards east and by north Men may see Zealand from the poope in 16 fathom Courses and Distances From Flushing to Blanckenbrough nearest Westsouthwest 9 leagues From Blanckenbrough to Oostend southwest and by west 2 leagues From Flushing to the north Forland west somewhat southerly 25 leagues From the Wielings to Dover w. and by south 26 leagues From the Wielings to Lay-stasse or Yarmouth north west 32 leagues Heights Flushing Ramekens and the south coast of Walcheren lye neare in 51 degrees and a halfe Brewers-Haven The land of Schowen sheweth it selfe thus when it is three or foure leagues thwart from you De Cust van VLAENDEREN Beginnende vande wielingen tot aen de Hoofden met alle haer sanden en droogten Renisse Blenck or wolsack E. S.E from you Visnamenghen sandhil Lauwest sand wagon path Cape Cape Fire beakon The Hoot S.S.E. When you are before the Channell of Brewers-Haven the land of Schowen sheweth it selfe thus West-chappel Souteland Middelleburgh Souburgh Coukerek Flushing Thus sheweth Walcheren when you are in the Doorloy or before the Splete S. Lambert Sluce Knock Heys Liswegen Blanckenbrough Thus sheweth the coast of Flanders from Blanckenbrough eastwards when you sayle in or out at the Wielings The fourth Demonstration Which unfoldeth The Coast of Flanders from the Wielings to the Heads about Callice together with the Coast of England from Dover to the north Forland BEtwixt Wenduynen Blanckenbrough standeth another little steeple called Iohn Davids steeple Oostend lyeth a great league to the westwards of Wackerhout A halfe league to the west wards of Ostend lyeth S. Catelyn a league to the westwards of it is Midlekerck being a high thick flat steeple From Middle-kerck to Newport it is two leagues there is a flat steeple with a little sharpe steeple A little to the eastwards of Newport lyeth our Lady of Lombardy a high flat steeple From Newport to Broers it is two leagues and from Broers to Dunkercke three leagues The Southkoten is a league to the eastwards of Dunkerck Dunkerck hath a high flat steeple with a little sharpe steeple From Dunkerck to Graveling are three leagues betwixt them stand these steeples first little Sinten a little sharpe steeple great Sinten a thick flat steeple Mardycke a thicke flat steeple and S. Georges a high sharpe steeple Graveling hath no steeples but there stand two mills one on the Easter-gate and the other on the west end of the towne From Graveling to Callice are three leagues Callice hath many sharpe Steeples where of one is higher then all the rest and betwixt both lye these villages most without steeples First Hooghenpryse and Dasen two flat steeples more Valdam a flat Church with a little spire upon the middest of it that is all the knowledge of Flanders The Coast of Flanders betwixt Callice and Blanckenbrough is foure and twenty leagues long or as some say one and twenty leagues Blanckenbrough from Flushing nine leagues Soo that Flushing is from Callice at the least 30 leagues or as some say 33 leagues at the most That which is here sayd of the steeples and leagues alongst the coast of Flanders is very serviceable and needfull as well for that which is before described of the Wielings as also fot the sayling into the havens of Flanders but especially for the knowledge of the Flemish bancks For to sayle into Oostend Oostend you must run close to the eastwards of the towne into the haven called the Gueule on the east poynt of the haven lyeth a head whereupon standeth a beakon you must run close in by that head there it is deepest from the west side to wit towards the towne shooteth of a little flat whereof you must avoyd that side a ships length or 2 at low water a common tyde remaineth in this havens mouth 6 foot and at high water there is two and twenty foot water A little within the haven you may anchor where you will and at low water you may lye there with a great ship a float Newport Newport is a tyde-haven which falleth altogether dry at low water and at high water and a common tide there is 13 footwater close before the havens mouth is a bank which lyeth from the eastwards of the Haven of Newport over to the westwards thwart before the Havens mouth and at halfe flood lyeth dry and at high water there commeth no more upon it then eight foot water He that will goe into Newport must go
in from the westwards betwixt the foresayd banck and the land For to fall into Newport and sayle unto the southwards of the banck soo long untill that the innermost beakon come even through or to the eastwards of the outermost and then run in so right by them in alongst amidst the channell betwixt the heads Betwixt the banck and the land it is on both sides flat rising ground so that you may sound the shoares on both sides but on the north side the banck is somewhat steep it is 3 fathom deep close alongst by it Within the havens mouth it is set on both sides of the deep with beakons where you must run through betwixt untill you come before the Towne which lyeth about a Cannon shot from the seaside There is fire in the night upon the 2 great beakons out not longer then from halfe flood to halfe ebbe From New-port to Dunkercke alongst by the shoare through within the banckes it is cleane without any foule ground or bancks and at low water fifteene foot deepe the neerer the shoare the deeper Thwart of the Cloyster Ten Duynen betwixt it and Broers banck it is narrowest which lyeth not farre from the shoare thwart of it you must goe close alongst by the shoare The Quade-bancke Quade-banck runneth of to the eastwards of the head of Dunkercke at least two leagues to the westwards ending thwart of the heads of Dunkercke To the eastwards of the easter head of Dunkerck mē may anchor behind this banck and lye sheltred for a northwest north and northeast winde it is two fathom deepe there at low water but in the comming in it is shoaler Before the Havensmouth of Dunkerck it is 9 and ten fathom deepe and to the westwards of the wester-head of Dunkerck 6. 7. and 8. fathom from thence men may runne over the small banck in three fathom and come against the Broad bancke This small bancke Smal-banck lyeth right thwart before the Haven of Dunkerck to wit betwixt Dunkercke and the Broad-banck For to sail into Dunkerck For to saile into Dunkerck you must bring the fires within a capstane barrs length one to the other to wit the innermost so much to the eastwards of the outtermost keep them soo and run in then close alongst by the easter-head the wester-head lyeth somewhat further of into the sea then the other thwart of it lyeth a sandplate with some pales therefore you must avoyd it and runne in close alongst by the easterhead it is a narrow haven at high water and a common tyde there commeth no more then 12 foot water In the night they doe fire there as at Newport from halfe flood to halfe ebbe and the lowest fire-beakon standeth next unto the sea From the wester-head of Dunkerck runneth of a bancke about 2 leagues long called the Splinter The Splinter which falleth dry at low water at many places men may sayle in by the shoare behind this banck from the westwards almost to the westerhead of Dunkerck and there may come to an anchor in 5 6 7 and eight fathom About halfe a league from the foresaid wester-head there runneth a Slenck through the foresaid bancke where little Shippes may goe through at high water Graveling Graveling is also a tyde-haven where men must goe in at high water there stand two beakons which you must keepe one by the other and sayle so in betwixt the heads on the west side runneth off a little riffe which you must avoyd When you come from the eastwards alongst the coast running through Wolbreck Sound at the end of the Brakes that are the banckes before Dunkerck and from thence westwards then you come against the west poynt of the foresayd little riffe or out-sand off Graveling which lyeth a good way of into the sea to the eastwards of it men run into the Haven of Graveling by night right in with the fires To the westwards of the Haven of Graveling lyeth a bancke or flat alongst the shoare lying a good way of from the land to sea-wards almost as farre to the westwards as Callice Newlanden called the New-Land men may runne alongst by it or over it in five foure and three fathom according as men will The haven of Callice Callice falleth every tyde altogether dry and at high water with a common-tyde there is no lesse then three fathom water For to sayle in there you must keepe the mill standing on the east corner of the towne right over the easter-head run in soo close alongst by the easterhead and let the castle lye on the west side of you from the wester head runneth of a little the riffe therefore you must avoyd it When you are come in within the westerhead you must goe up to the westwards into Paradice and there lye dry at low water By night when the tyde serveth there stand two fires you must run in right with them It is not good to come into this haven before high water because of the exceeding strong tide that runneth in there with the flood for to avoid the anchors of the ships which lye there within It is there within dangerous and bad lying especially with a n. ly winde which bloweth there opē in Thwart of from wester-head of Callice lyeth a bank of two fathom betwixt the head or Meyland and the same banke men may runne through in three fathom at halfe flood the bank is two fathom deepe Under Callice cliffe at the east end men may anchor in then fathom but at the westend lyeth a rocke under water a bow shot from the land Callice cliffe Callice-cliffe lyeth betwixt Callice Blanck nesse Of the Flemish Bancks West from West-cappell and northwest from Oostend about nine leagues without the Coast of Flanders lyeth a little plate whereupon at low water is no more then two and twenty foot water in foule weather the sea breaketh very much upon it About two leagues from Oostend without the land lyeth the Trick The Trick or outerbanck upon it there is no more then fifteen or sixteen foot water When S. Catherines steeple commeth against Oostend then you come on against this banck betwixt this bank and the heads of Oostend lyeth another bank of three fathom water Betwixt Oostend and Newport lye foure bancks all which foure begin about thwart of Oostend the two nearest to the lands end thwart of Newport The other lye all alongst the land almost to Dunkercke the first and nearest to the land is called the Geere The Geer betwixt that and the land goeth a channell through of 8. 9. 10. fathom The second called Laland Laland endeth also against Newport betwixt these two goeth a channel through of eight and nine fathom The third are two banks one to the other the eastermost ending halfe wayes Laland is called stroom Stroom the westermost ending thwart of Dunkerck is called the Stone-bank Stone-banck which hath on the
water In the sayd dock may 3 or 4 shippes lye If when you come in by the east land you desire to bee in the foresayd docke or poole then saile in untill you come within the stakes and then edge over off from the east-land untill you come nearest the west land for to avoyd a Flat which lyeth by the east shoare alongst the haven and beginneth against the first house of the West-Village If it should happen that you could not lead it in with a saile then let your anchor fall without the stakes warp in with hawsers untill you come into the foresayd poole You may also sayle so farre in that you may see a wall on the west side of the haven where lyeth a village behinde it A shippes length to the southwards of that wall it is good lying by the east land being moored by foure cables there may alsoo a ship ride a float that draweth sixteene foot water You may also saile further in alongst by that Swach that lieth on the west side wherein the mill standeth but come not too neare the north poynt of the Swach for there by it lyeth a rock under water being past that you may moore your ship in the middest of the channell there is best lying for shippes that draw much water Foure leagues southwest and by west from Foy lyeth the poynt of Dodman Dodman two leagues to the westwards of it lyeth the Haven of Falmouth The poynt of Dodman is double Land with a round hill which to the westwards goeth sloping downe somewhat towards the west end standeth a mill with a sharp tower and some little houses upon the land somwhat to the westwards men may see the castle of Falmouth upon a round Hommocke against the high Land This land is very easy to bee known when you come from the west or from the Lizard Upon the west poynt of the haven of Falmouth Falmouth standeth a Castle upon the high land and in the entry nearest the west-side lyeth a great rock above water you may sayle about it on both sides at the inner side of the east point lye also some rocks off from the shoare For to sayle in there to the eastwads alongst by the foresayd Rocke you must runne in within two cables lengths alongst by the eastland leaving the foresayd rocks on the starboard side and the great rocke on the larboard side so sayle right in with the high land that lyeth on the west side within the haven Within in the haven standeth on the Land a white Chalkye spot also a little wood of trees keepe them over the North poynt of the foresayd high west-land and sayle so right in with them keeping them so untill you come neare them you shall finde so at halfe flood upon the shoalest not lesse Water then five fathom and that betwixt the foresayd Castle upon the west poynt and the easter Castle that standeth on the eastside within the haven over against it or a little within the Castles When you shall then come by that foresayd high west-land runne alongst by it unto the north-end of the same and anchor there in twelve thirteene or fourteene fathom You may also from thence edge over towards the east land anchor there under or behinde the banck that lyeth off from the easterne Castle alongst the middle of the haven in sixe seven or eight fatham the banck falleth almost dry at low water and is soft ground soo that the shippes sit in the oase when they come there a ground For to sayle into the westwards of the foresayd great rock you must take the sounding of the west land where the Castle standeth upon in five or sixe fathom being somewhat within the rock runne as before is sayd towards the west-land To the westwards of the rock it is in that channell six and seven fathom deepe at halfe flood but in the channell to the eastwards of the rock seven and eight fathom Foure leagues south by west from Falmouth lyeth the east poynt of the Lizard betwixt them both lyeth a haven called Helford Helford which is little used for ships At the south-side of the haven lyeth a steepe poynt and on the north-side a low sharpe poynt Within the haven on the south-side standeth a Gentlemans house beneath at the strand upon the hill standeth a tuffe of trees you must keepe these one in the other and runne so amiddest the channell into the entry of the haven On the north side stand also 2 or 3 trees these come a masts length to the westwards of a little house that standeth in a white sandy bay there upon you may sayle in alsoo amidst the channell it is a short in-let being come within you may anchor in six or seven fathom Upon the south side standeth also a sharpe Tower and upon the north side a little Castle upon the steepe land The Lizard hath three poynts the northermost is called the blacke-Blacke-head from that to the second the coast lyeth south-southwest and by west and alongst to the third about westsouthwest or west and by south from the second or middelmost poynt lye to seawards some rocks a cables length or a cables length and a halfe off called the Staggs To the northwards of the northermost or eastermost poynt of the Lizard betwixt Helford and the foresayd poynt lye some rockes a great league off from the land called the Mannackles Mannackles south and by east from the harbour of Falmouth eastnortheast from the foresayd Blacke-head where of many of them are above water at low water and some of them at high water remaine uncovered Betwixt them and the shoare it is very fowle and rocky so that men cannot run through betwixt them without great danger He that commeth out of Falmouth and is bound to the westwards must not goe more southerly with an ebbe then southsoutheast or southeast and by south according as the winde shall bee for to run cleare of these foresayd Of the Tydes and Courses of the streames Jn Dartmouth and Torbay a west and by south moon maketh full sea Thwart off the Steart in the channel a westnorthwest eastsoutheast moone From the Steart to Portland in the middest of the channell the flood falleth eastnortheast and the ebbe westsouthwest Thwart of Dartmouth by the land the flood falleth n. e. by north the ebbe southwest by south Thwart of Torbay towards Exmouth in the baye the flood falleth northnortheast the ebbe southsouthwest In Plymmouth and Foy a west and by south and east and by north moon maketh the highest water Thwart of Foy in the channell an eastsoutheast moone A sea-board of Falmouth an east and by south but in the haven of Falmouth an east and by north moone At Helford at the Lizard by the land an eastsoutheast and westnorthwest moone maketh the highest water From Ramehead to the Steart by the land within the Eddy-stone the flood falleth
Haenmans path is cast up still more and more to the northwardes and that the channell now lyeth out more to the northwards then it was wâ—nt to doe And yet hereafter it is like that it will stretch it selfe more to the northwards so that the foresayd mâ—rkes by all likelyhood wil not continue certaine alwayeâ— Even as the flood after the highest water runneth yet a halfe tyde or 3 houres strong in the channel to the northwards so also runneth the ebbe a half tyde to the southwards after the lowest water but not so stroÌ„g as the flood Being over the shoalest of the Barre you shall have three a half and foure fathom and in the channell betwixt the north grounds and Haenmans paths against the mast 5 fathom depth runne in by Haenmans paths all alongst untill you come to the foot strand then edge over to the north shoare for to avoyd the grounds which lye to the westwards above the Soudre you may borrow of the shoale on the north side by your lead into ten or eleven foote according to the draught of your ship In the right deepe of this edging over you shall have at high water fifteene foote depth The marke of this edging over is a white little castle that standeth on the north side of the haven in the valley of the Land when that commeth over the steep poynt of the innermost Island to the two that lye by the norâ—â— shoare and seemeth to be about a mans length higâ— then you may boldly run in n.w. with it untill thâ—t â— little chappell within the Land and to the southwâ—rds of Washford a little or about a cables length to the northwards of that other forenamed little Castle on the north side of that high ragged land that hath served â—â—r a marke to sayle over the Barre commeth over a bâ—ack hommock that you may see upon the high land a little to the southwards of the Castle of Washford when you shall have brought these marks one in the other edge then over again to the south land upon the marks for then you shall be above the sands of the Soudre and with that course also shall not be in danger of the taile of the sand that shooteth off from the point of Passage which is on the north side but it is there broad and large that a man may there turne to againe it is altogether shoale water of 10 10 foot a half at high water Sailing up upon these foresayd marks you shâ—â—l come about the distance of the shot of a Cast peeâ—â— without the castle of Washford to the south shoare sayle then in alongst by it keep on the sounding of the shoare untill you come within the castle there you may anchor shall find there about 3 fathom water For a man that is there unacquainted it is best to anchor there because before the towne lye some suncken rocks he that will lye before the town must right against the kay or the head of the market go a good ways off the shoare because of a sunken rock that lyeth thereabouts go right against the west end of the towne anchor there in 3 fathom or thereabouts To the southwards of the sands that lye to the westwards or above the Soudre goeth a dreeke through there is more water then in the edging over to the northwardes of the sands The marke sor to sail through there is That you keep the highest hommock of the hiâ—â— ragged land behind Washford right over the castle of Washford but there can be nothing gotten by it with sayâ—ing through there in regard you must nevertheles go over the shoalest after that you are passed the sands of Soudre to wit over the foresayd depth of ten 11 foot For to sail out from Washford with a ship that goeth deep you may not lade deeper then ten foot or ten foot and a half for to come over the foresayd shoale you shall then sail about to the northwards of the shoale that lyeth within or to the westwards of the Soudre goe in and anchor betwixt the shoale and the Soudre there you shall be landlockt for all windes except for the southwest winde you have little shelter you shall therefore bring out your best anchor in the southwest and the other in the northeast because that the winds that come out of the south w. over the land doe not put you upon the north grounds There at the Soudre you may take in the rest of your lading it is a league from the towne If you wil anchor before the Barre of Washford for to stay for the tyde you must anchor a little to the northwards of the Barre go off somewhat until you have 8 fathom there it is cleane sandy ground In the night there are two fires made upon the Soudre for the Fishermen for to come in by night by the Haenmans paths he that will sayle in by them must keepe the highest fire a little to the southwards of the other for to avoyd the north grounds Besides the deepe alongst by the Haenmans paths the Fishermen have a little channell that goeth out close by the north shoare it is there about 6 foot deepe at high water Channell thâ—ough the banks bâ—fore washford Erom the Barre of Washford a man may sayle east and by south and west and by north out and in through betwixt the banks into sea or out of the sea that is a large and broad channell For to sayle from the Barre of Washford within the sands through towards Dublin you must keepe the sounding of the shoare runne alongst by it in sixe 7 or eight â—athom you shall so sayle alongst about a cables length from the shoare wich is very cleane without any danger so that any man having but a little knowledge of the Land may sayle there alongst by night only you must take heed not to goe further from the shoare then in 7 or 8 fathom for not to come foule of the bankes which are on the innerside very steepe needle too When you have sayled to the northwardes alongst by the shoare about two leagues from the Barre you shall see three white spots or rockes in the sand-hill a little to the northwardes thereof standeth a peece of a wall much like a pillar of a Church Right against this pillar a great English mile from the shoare beginneth a sand called the Rusch and Ramme lying from thence alongst the shoare to the northwardes you may sayle about it on both sides but it is best to keepe the shoare and to runne through there within in sixe or seven fathom as is sayd out of feare of the outtermost banckes which are very steepe and therefore cannot bee sounded Therefore men doe seldome use to sayle there a seaboard of this sand Right against this forenamed Rusch and Ramme the shoare maketh a Bay unto the poynt off Glaskarrick when you are so farre
of the Touns it is very deepe men may sound about the Touns on the off side in foure fathom For to finde the Channell that lyeth into the westwardes off the Touns comming from the east or alongst by the Touns you must looke out for a little sandy Bay that lyeth on the west-side even within the north-poynt of the river under the high land bring it soo that you may see it open of the foresayd north-poynt and sayle in there upon untill you come by the land and then runne in alongst by it southwest untill you come right against Greencastle If you come from the west or the north you may boldly without feare runne alongst the shoare about the poynt upon your lead without comming neere the towne you may see any thing that might doe you hurt comming by Greencastle there may you anchor so that you may see Withcastle without the poynt of Green-castle there you may lye within the Towns sheltred for windes out of the sea Road in Loughfoyle For to sayle up from Green-Castle you must runne up alongst by the west shoare by your lead and shunne the little sandes that lye here and there alongst that side until you come past With-castle right against the three trees there is the ordinarie road Betwixt Green-castle and With-castle neerest unto Green-castle goeth a Creecke ot Slencke through the grounds unto the easterne shoare which is as deepe or deeper then the right fareway unto With-castle When men come off from Green-castle they must take good heed not to goe farre off from the westerne shoare lest they fall into that Creeke How men shall saile from the foresayd roade forth up unto the Towne Derry they may perceive or marke by the card From Lough-foile-haven unto the Islands Enesterhul Islands Enesterhull by some called Monsterhul the course is northwest foure or five leagues these are small black Islands or rockes not very high above water and lye a little off the northermost poynt of Ireland called Enistom a high plaine land and very good to knowe for him that hath once seen it Betwixt the Islands and the point men may saile through but not-without great danger for them that are not very well acpuainted with it because off much fowle ground and shoals that lye betwixt them both Under the foresayd poynt Eniston on the west side men may anchor for easterly windes or els to stoppe the tyde From the Islands Enesterhull unto Lough-Swilly Lough-Swilly of some called Locksillie the course is southwest 5 leagues that is a faire haven For to sayle in there men must shunne the west side and goe in alongst by the casterne shoare The land about Lough-Swilly is the highest land of the whole north coast of Ireland and thereby it is also very good to know for those that comming out off the north do fall with the lands there abouts Foure or five leagues westsouthwest or somwhat westerly lyeth a large broad haven called Sheepeshavē but it is at some places foule ground within it men may lye landlockt for al winds The west poynt lyeth out called Hornehead horn- horn-Horne-head or Cape de Horne Cape de Horne upon it is a hill with two hommockes in fashion like two hornes and there after the poynt is named At the west side of this poynt men may ride and anchor within the rockes for easterly windes Betwixt Lough-Swilly sheepshaven lyeth also a Bay where men may anchor but the ground is not very cleane and right against it in the offing halfe a league from the land lyeth a ledge of rockes which at high water are under and at low water lye above water may for need run through betwixt it and the land but without it is best and surest The Coast of Scotland The haven or sound of Loughrean Loughgrean or Loockreen in Scotland by the poinr of Galloway lieth distant from Faire Forland the n.e. poynt of Ireland e. s.e about eleven leagues but the poynt called Cantir lyeth distant from Loockreen n.w. s e 9 leagu there betwixt them both goeth up a great broad sound northeast in called Dunbritain Firth through which men saile up unto Glas kow in Scotland The sound of Lookreen you may sail in Dubritaine Firth and a good wayes you may turn in to and againe for to anchor there within for westerly winde if you doe come no neerer the Gores on either side then in foure fathom you can take no hurt You may anchor somewhat in by the second high poynt on the east shoare in tenne or 12 fathom About seven leagues to the northwards of the poynt of Galloway in the foresayd great sound lyeth a high sharpe Island cleane round about of fashion al most like unto a pook of Hay called Ailza or Elzee there you may boldly sayle round about Elze Island it is there round about it and close by it 18 fathom deepe From Elzee northwards sixe leagues lyeth also another little Island close by the east side of the great Island Arren called Lamblash or Lamb-Isle Lamb-Isle cleane also round about there you may sayle round about it and anchor under it for all winds in ten twelve or thirteene fathom to wit within it betwixt the Island the great Island of Arren North and by east and northnortheast two great leagues from Lamb-Isle lyeth an Island by the poynt of the maineland called Commer-Isle Commer-Jsle on the east side of it betwixt the Island and the maine land you may sayle through in to a faire bay Bay of Commer-Jsle where men are landlockt for all winds and from thence may sayle forth unto Dunbrittaine or into the river Glaskow The foresaid Island Commer-Isle lyeth from the Island Elzee about north by east For knowledge of this Island when men come off from Elzee or from the southwardes towardes this Island men shall see a great castle on the east side of the maine about a great league to the southwards of Commer-Isle and also a little castle a good wayes to the northwardes close upon the water side that standeth right to the southwardes of the Island Commers-Isle or the sound that lyeth there into the eastwards of it upon the same Island standeth alsoo a little castle close to the water side Runne in betwixt the Island and the maine land about northnortheast in and leave the Island a great cables length on the larboard side and the main land on the starboard side you must shun more because of a great ledge that lyeth off from it towardes the Island and somewhat more northerly Having gotten cleare of the end of this ledge runne then right towards the maine land into the bay or sound and anchor there in ten fathom right against a stone house with an ore hard thereby it shall be then a stearne your ship about 7 fathom deepe and there moore your ship well For to sayle out of the Sound of Commer-Isle towardes Glaskow
To saile frō Commer Jsle to Glaskow goe first northwest by north unto by the poynt of the Island that is to the westwards of you and then north alongst by it then by little and little more easterly at length northeast runne soo all alongst by the easterland without leaving of it you shall not saile to come to the sound of Glaskow Comming by the poynt runne close about by it first eastnortheast east and east and by south at least eastsoutheast all alongst by the southerne shoare you shall then see a castle somewhat a head upon the souther-land close upon the water side with two tuffes of trees upon the high land right eastsoutheast from the castle keepe that foresayd castle between the tuffes of trees and sayle in there upon so shall you run right alongst the deepest of the Creeke there is at high water five fathom and at low water three fathom From the north shoare lyeth off a great shoale which lyeth over the Sound more then two third parts from the norther shoare towards the south shoare it falleth dry at the lowest water there fore men must shun the norther shoare runne alongst by the souther shoare There standeth a white castle upon the south shoare right against that begin the foresayd sands In the Creek it is soft ground but towards the sand the ground is hard therefore when you feele by your lead that it is somewhat hard that is a token that you come too neere the shoals saile then so forth upwards to Dunbrittaine there lyeth a little Island on the south shoare which is at low water fast to the Island when you shall be past it about two Cables length then anchor there in five at high water A south and by west moone maketh there the highest water Of the Tydes and Courses of the streames At Dublin a southeast and northwest moon The flood commeth here from the southwardes and also from the northwardes about the north part of Ireland and meete one another about right against Carlingford where they stopp one the other The ebbe contrariewise falleth to the northwards off Carlingford to the northwards and to the southwards of Carlingford to the southwardes On the coast of Ireland from the Southrock and North-rocke unto the Copland Isles a southsoutheast and northnorthwest moone maketh full sea But to the northwardes of it a southeast moone On the Island off the Ragleens Skires Portrush an eastsoutheast and westnorthwest moone The slood commeth there out of the west and falleth through betwixt Ireland and Scotland from the cape Cantir to the mull of Galloway southsoutheast unto the Island Man there floods out of the south and north doe meer one to the other The ebbe contrarie wise falleth alongst the coast northnorthwest betwixt Ireland and Scotland to the westwards unto the Ocean sea At Englistoun in the Sound of Glaskow a s west moone maketh full sea In the haven of Loughfoile an east and by s and west and by north Moone maketh full sea The flood commeth there out of the west and northwest At the Islands Enesterhull and in sheepe haven an east and west Moone maketh full sea The flood commeth there out of the west Courses Distances From the Sound of Dalke to the poynt Houth northnortheast two leagues and a halfe That course runneth without the poynt Houth Irelands eye Lambey and Rock a Bill From Lambey to Drodagh northwest and by north 6 leagues From Lambey to Carlingford north and by west 11 leagues From Carlingford to S. Iohns poynt northeast 7 leagues From S. Iohns poynt to Strangford northeast and by north 4 leagues From Lambey to the South-rocke northnortheast 22 leagues From the northrock Southrock unto the Copland Isles n. n. west 6 leagues From the Copland Isles to the north-poynt off Knockfergus northwest somewhat northerly 3 or 4 leagues One league to the northwards lyeth the haven of Oldefliet From Oldefliet to the Raghleens within the Maydes through northnorthwest 7 leagues From the Ragleens to Skires Portrush westsouthwest 6 or 7 leagues From Loughfoyle to the Islands Enesterhull northwest 4 or 5 leagues From Enesterhull to Lough Swilly southwest 5 leagues From Lough Swilly to Sheepe haven w. s w. westerly 4 or 5 leagues Heights The Islands of Enesterhul at the northermost poynt of Ireland lyeth in 55 degrees and 10 or 12 minutes How these Lands doe shew themselves at Sea Sound poynt of Dublin Island Dalke The poynt Houth Island Lambey When a man commeth from the southwards thus sheweth the Bay of Dublin with the poynt Houth and the Island Lambey to the northwards of it The Island Lambey sheweth it selfe thus when it is from you northwest and by north one league off Thus sheweth the land a little to the southwards of Carlingford when this high poynt is northwest from you about five leagues He that will goe into Carlingford must goe in close by the shoare The land to the northwards of Carlingford sheweth it selfe thus when the northermost poynt is north and by west from you 5 or 6 leagues S. Johns poynt sheweth thus when it is 4 leagues northwest from you Thus sheweth the poynt of Scotland over against the Bay Knockfergus called the mull of Galloway when men saile alongst by it 1 league without the land that the northermost the low poynt is n. e. from you the southermost s e. from you Under the north poynt it is on both sides good anchoring in 10 or 12 fathom for southerly and easterly windes The Island Elzee in the great bay of Dunbrittain sheweth it selfe thus The Island Lamblash or Lamb Isle on the e. side of the Island Arren sheweth it self thus being 2 leag off from it The Island Commer Isle lying before the sound of Dunbrittaine or Glaskow sheweth it selfe thus Thus sheweth Cape Cantyr when it is from you northwest and by west about 7 or 8 leagues Isle Man sheweth thus when you are 4 leagues southeast from it The eighth Demonstration In Which Are shewed the northwest Coasts of Ireland from Hoornhead to Slynehead WEstnorthwest about two leagues from C. de Horne or Hornhead lyeth the Island Tore to the southwards of it lye three Islands called the Islands Balenesse men may sayle through to the southwards of Tore Island Tore Isle to wit betwixt Isle Tore and the Island of Balenesse Islands Balenesse alsoo within the rocks From the Island Tore to the Isles of Aran Islands of Aran. the course is s w. 6 or 7 leagues betwixt them both not far from Island Aran lye some high rockes called the Staggs of Aran. Staggs of Aran. Alongst all that coast betwixt horn-Horne-head the Islands of Aran is good anchor ground all over For to come to anchor under the Islands of Aran comming out of the North runne alongst by that great Island leaving it on the starboard side untill you be within it goe then towards the south-southwest anchor on the
the west side lyeth the towne men may alsoo sayle up to it anchor there in the shoale water Sâ—x leagues to the westwards of Villa Viciosa lyeth the out-poynt of Sanson Sanson to the eastwards of it lyeth a little Island where upon standeth a little Tower Betwixt Sanson and the foresayd little Island is a good road in six or seven fathom At the west side of Sanson is alsoo a good road right before the little haven of Sanson in 6 or 7 fathom To the westwâ—rdes of Sanson lyeth Gion Gion with a Piere or Head that is paled off under the which the Fishermen which dwell there lay theyr barkes A great league to the westwards of Gion lyeth the Bay of Tores a good road for a south-southwest and west wind in 8 and 9 fathom Upon the poynt standeth a high tower Three leagues to the westwards of Tores Tores lyeth Cape de Pinas where many rockes lye off to seawards at least a halfe league of some doe say that men may sayle through betwixt the poynt these rockes From the cape de Pinas C. de Pinas lyeth off a rane of rockes lying at the least a halfe league into sea some say that men may sayle through betwixt the point and these rockes But a little within or to the westwards off the Cape de Pinas lyeth a great rock betwixt that rocke and the land men may sayle through When men are within the Cape de Pinas then lyeth Avilles three leagues from thence southsouthwest which is a good tyde-haven where a great shippe may well goe in at halfe flood alsoo there is a good road before this haven in 6 and 7 fathom For to sayle in there men must goe in by the e. land the west-land is farre off shoale there standeth a little Chappell upon the east-land men must sayle in close by it and anchor a little wayes within two rockes that lye on the east side a little within the havens mouth The towne lyeth a league further up From the west poynt runneth off a riffe and lyeth inwards alongst the haven towardes the town so that it is there very shoale on both sides On the west side without the haven in the bight lye 2 great rockes right before the little Church in the Sand-bay men sayle round about them but it is not very cleane but without the rocks good anchor ground in 7 or 8 fathom over against the little Church that standeth against the high land From Avilles Avilles to Luarca Luarca is 6 leagues and from Luarca to Ribadeus w. s.w 6 leagues from Aviles to Ribadeus s w. and by w. 12 leagues From the east poynt off the havens mouth of Ribadeus Ribadeus lyeth off a ledge or riffe off rocks towards the w. shoare you may found in about it in foure fathom or foure fathom and a halfe or else if you keepe the little towne Castropoll even without the poynt so sayle right in with it then you shall not come too neere the foresayd ledge but you shall sayle far enough alongst to the westwards off it The w. poynt sheweth it selfe when you come in out of the sea like an Island upon it at the norâ—h end standeth a flat tower allmost like the tower in the Groyne but not so great About thwart off that Tower lyeth a suncken rocke a little wayes from the land you must look out for it and take heed off it when there commeth in any great sea you can easily espye it by the breaking of the sea upon it but not with smooth water at the very lowest water it commeth even with the water The w. shoare is fowle and rocky there runneth off to the southwards of the fotesayd Tower also a fowle ledge or riffe off rockes at least halfe wayes over the havens mouth and at the side of it you cannot use the lead When you are past the ledge or riffe that lyeth off from the east shoare you must run in about it and edge in somewhat to the e. shoare and sayle in alongst by it untill that you are past or come to the end of the foresayd ledge or riffe off rockes which lyeth off from the west shoare as soone as you shall bee past it you must luffe up about it towards the west shoare for to give the e. shoare within the havens mouth a birth which is a great wayes within very flat or shoale but on the w. side it is deep water There standeth a little Tower on the w. shoare a little within the point where the riffe lyeth off which you shall see when you are come within the west poynt and run alongst by the riffe when you get that little tower w. or thwart of you then are you at the end of the riffe then you must sayle towards that little Tower untill that you come to the w. shoare and run in alongst by it untill you come before the Towne there you must lye with an anchor to seawards and with a cable fast on the rockes A little league to the w. wards of Ribadeus lyeth a tyde-haven he that commeth from the w. alongst by the shoare thwart of it should lightly thinke that to bee the haven of Ribadeus but it is light to discerne from it by these markes following On both sides of this tyde-haven are the coasts all high land but on both sides of the havens mouth of Ribadeus it is low land Also there lyeth a high sharpe hill very easy to be knowne which ariseth out above all other hills thereabouts which may bee knowne at least 7 or 8 leagues off upon it lye some heapes of stones appearing like little houses when that you have that hill s s.w from you sayle in so right with it then you shall bee with the land right before the havens mouth of Ribadeus Northwest from Ribadeus about 8 leagues lyeth the Cabo de Brilo a little to the westwards of it lyeth the little towne Viverus Viverus To the westwardes off the Bay off Cyspriaen where men may anchor in ten fathom lye two great high rockes w. north w. from these rockes about a halfe league lyeth the Island S. Cyprian right before the haven of Viverus whereby this haven is easy to beknowne you may sayle about on both sides off this Island into the haven off Viverus in all alongst in the middle of the channell south and south and by w. untill you come before the town being within you may anchor where you will either on the e. or w. side it is there shoale water of 5 6 7 8 fathom according as you run farre in Of the Tydes and Courses and streames Upon the Coasts of Biscay wee find no runnings of streames but a south e. and north w. moone maketh upon the whole coast the highest water but within the Rivers a poynt later Courses and Distances From Saint Sebastiaen to Gateria west and by north 7 leagues From Gateria to C.
and Bulleyn the flood falleth n. and by east by the land but a seaboard in the offing northeast A south and south east moone maketh there the highest water Betwixt Bulleyn Diep and before the Somme the flood falleth first one quarter to the land afterwards north east and by east and the ebbe southwest and by west Betwixt Diep and Struysaert without the land in the Fareway the flood falleth northeast and by east and the ebb southwest and by west At New-haven and in the River of Roan a southeast Moone maketh a high water From Struysaert to Caen in the Fosse the flood falleth southsouthwest and the ebb northnortheast Before the Haven of Caen a southsoutheast maketh high Water within the Haven a south and by east Moone At Marckell la Honge Barfleur Sherborough and C. de Hague by the shore a south by east moone From Seynhead to Barfleur the flood falleth by the and east and by north and the ebbe west and by south But in the channell a seaboarde the land the flood falleth away eastnortheast and the ebbe west southwest At Cape de Hague by the shore a south and by e. Moone maketh high water In the Race off Blankert a north and by east and south and by west Moone The flood falleth through the Race northeast and the ebbe southwest In the middest betwixt the heads a south w. Moone At Dover a south and north Moone Betwixt Dover Dongie Nesse and likewise thware of the Nesse a s s.w Moone maketh full sea In the Channell of Winchelsea a south and by east Moone At Beachy by the shoare a s s.e n.n.w. Moone In the Fareway thwart of it a south north Moone From Dongie Nesse to Dover the flood falleth n. e. by east the ebbe s w. by west From Beachy to the Nesse e. n. e. and w. s w. At Beachy by the shoare before the seven Cleves the flood falleth east by south and the ebbe w. and by n. Of the Depths Callice cliffe the south Folland or the poynt of Dover you may see when you are before them in 24 fat To the southwards of the Oldman or Tour d' Ordre lyeth the high land of Eastaples which is very good to bee known because thereabouts is no land soo high When that is n.n.e. from you and you be thwart of the Somme it is there deepe 8 and 9 fathom Upon the land of Somme towards Diep stand many sharp towers some milles trees and hath all alongst the coast a sandy strand Before Diep men may see the land in twenty two and twenty fathom About foure leagues without Struysaert it is deep 20 fathom Between Diep Seynhead stand alsoo many sharpe towers trees houses upon the land Struysaert is best to be knowne on a great rock like a high Tower thwart of it in the fareway it is deepe 16 and 17 fathom About C. de Barfleur and Sherbrough foure leagues from the Island it is deepe thirty fathom Barfleur is a high poynt below upon the white land standeth a flat Tower two milles and some little houses and to the westwards of it is more white land Upon Cape de Hague standeth a Castle with a little turret a little to the eastwards of it in the land standeth a sharp Tower Two leagues to the eastwards off it lyeth Sherborough with a flat steeple Betwixt Winchelsea Picardy in the middest of the Channell it is deepe 26 and 27 fathom upon such depth men may see Fayerley and the land of Dover Without Beachy thwart of the seven Cleeves it is deepe 28 and 30 fathom Courses Distances From Callice-cliffe to Blacknesse s w one great league From Blacknesse to the Oldman south 2 leagues From Blacknesse to Somme south 14 leagues From the Oldman to the somme south 11 leagues From the Somme to Tresport w. s.w 7 leagues From the Oldman to Deep s s west 18 leagues From Tresport to Diep southwest and by w. 4 leagues From Diep to Fecam w. s.w 10 leagues From Fecam to Struysaert s w. and by w. 3 leagues From Struysaert to Seynhead the course is southsouthwest two great leagues From Seynhead to Caen in the Fosse the course is southwest and by south 8 leagues From Seynhead to C. de Barfleur or Chierenburgh w. and by north 19 leagues From Blacknesse to Diep south and by west 22 leagues From Blacknesse to Struysaert or C. de Caux south west by south 31 leagues From Blacknesse to the Caskets the course is westsouthwest 54 leagues From Blacknesse to Wight w. somewhat southerly 37 l. From Blacknesse to Beachy west 18 leagues From Diep to Wight the course is w.n.w. 36 leagues From Diep to Beachy northwest and by north 25 leagu From Diep to Dover north 27 leagues From Seynhead to Diervliet or the poynt of Sherburg west and by north 19 leagues From Seynhead to Portland n.w. and by w. 38. leagues From Struysaert to the east end of Wight northwest somewhat northerly 29 leagues From Struysaert to Beachy north 26 leagues From Struysaert to Fairlye north by east somewhat northerly 29 leagues From Struysaert to the poynt of Dover the course is n northeast 35 leagues From Caen to Dierfliet or the poynt of Barfleur northwest 16 leagues From Dierfliet to Cape de Hague w.n. west 8 leagues From Dover to Dongie nesse s w and by west 8 leagues From the Nesse to Fairlee w. s.w 3 leagues From Dongie Nesse to Beachy w. s.w 7 leagues From Fairlee to Beachy s w and by w. 5 leagues Heights The Heads and Dover lye in 51 degr 12 min. The Somme lyeth in 50 degr 6 min. The Point of Struysaert in 49 degr 35 min. Beachy lyeth in 50 degr 50 min. How these Lands doe shew themselves at Sea Callice-cliffe Tour d' Ordre Old man The land of Bulleyn From Callice-cliffe unto beyonde Bulleyn the land sheweth it selfe thus when you sayle alongst by it The high land of Eastaples northnortheast East and by south This undermost is Sand-hills Thus sheweth land betwixt Eastaples and the Somme when the high land is northnortheast from you Somme Sand-hills White Chalky Cleeves Thus sheweth the land to the southwards of the Somme towards Diep These two figures belong at the AA one to the other Grand valley Fecam The land between Diep and Fecam sheweth like these two figures here above when you sayle alongst by it two or three leagues without the land Seynhead Struysaert The forme of Struyseart and Seynhend when you sayle alongst by them Thus sheweth the land or Cane when you are toure leagues off from it Thus sheweth the land of Sherborough and the land to the westwards or it towards C. de Hague when it is southeast 4 leagues off from you Thus sheweth Dover when you sayle to the westwards of the Vaen or Vrow-sand through the Heades Thus sheweth Fairlee when you sayle alongst by it Thus sheweth Fairlee when you come from
the west Beachy sheweth thus when you come from the west De Custen van BRETAIGNE Waer in vertoont wort alle gelegentheyt tusschen Caap de Hague en t' Eylant Heyssant The second Demonstration Where in Is decyphered the Coast of Britannie from the Island of Ornay to the Island of Ushant TWo leagues west and by north from Cape de Hague Cape de Hague lyeth the Island Aldernay or Ornay betwixt them goeth the Race of Blanckert The Race of Blanckert through Aldernay or Ornay Ornay is about three leagues long and lyeth east west The east end is cleane men may sayle reasonable close alongst by it but the west end is very foule There lye some little Islands close by the west end being passed them men may sayle towards Iarsey without any feare To the southwards of the foresayd little Islands at the west end lyeth of a ledge of rockes within it on the south side it is cleane except at the south poynt that is also foule Hee that will anchor on the south side of Ornay must be mindfull thereof anchor a little to the eastwards of the Tydehaven From the west end of Ornay lyeth a great multitude of rockes west and by north westnorthwest off three leagues into the sea Upon the outtermost and westermost end lyeth a great high rock with many other smaller rocks about it Halfe wayes betwixt this great rocke and Ornay lyeth another great rock but not soo high as the foresayd westermost from it lye off a multitude of rokes towards the outermost which fall dry at low water but at high water many lye under water These two great rockes are called by the French Les Casquettes and by the Dutch the Kiskassen and by the English the Caskets Catskets Close by the west end of Ornay towards the Caskets lye other two great ranes of rockes called the Barroches Barroches From the east point of Ornay to the east end of Garnesey about to the southwards of Ornay the course is westsouthwest 9 leagues but from the Caskets to the west end of Garnsey southwest and by south 6 leagues Road under Garnsey If you will anchor under Garnsey comming from the Caskets then runne on to the northeast poynt of Garnsey and so farr to the eastwards of it untill you get sight of the castle that standeth upon the rock on the east side of Garnsey Or if you come about to the westwards of the Caskets then goe on southeast or somewhat more southerly untill the northeast poynt of Garnsey be south and by west from you sayle then towards it till you shall come in sight of that foresayd castle upon the rocke Bring that over the south poynt of Garnsey and sayle in upon that marke betwixt the Island Arem or Harm and Garnsey untill you come by the foresayd Castle betwixt these Islands it is on both sides full of rockes where of you must take good heed especially on the larboard side towards Arem when you are come by the castle you may anchor within or without it where you please without the Castle in 12 or 13 fathom or within the Castle that is betwixt the Castle and Garnsey in six or seven fathom at low water It doth flow there six or seven fathom up and downe which men must reckon upon Under the south side of Garnsey men may ride for northwest north northeast windes If you come from the west or from the Caskets you must runne close about by the southwest poynt called C. de Gruse and alongst by the south side of the Island well halfe wayes the Island and anchor there where you think good in eighteene or nineteen fathom If the wind shift to the southwest or to the westsouthwest then you may runne about by the south poynt unto the foresayd Castle and anchor there either without or within it as here before is sayd From the aforesayd south poynt lyeth off a little ledge of rocks where of some rocks lye above some under water these you must avoyd when you sayle about by it South by west and southsouthwest about eight leagues from Garnsey lyeth a great ledge of rockes more then a league great called Rockeduves Rockeduves About 2 leagues southeast from Garnsey lyeth the Island Sarck Sarck there men may anchor round about it in five and twenty six and twenty and seven and twenty fathom From the north end lye of some Rocks where of some lye above and some under water At the south end hereof lye alsoo some rockes but all above water Betwixt Garnsey and Sarck lye two other little Islands Arck and Arem Arck and Arem or Harm there men may sayle through betwixt them The Island Iarsey from Garnsey southeast distant 7 leagues round about this Island are good roades at divers places All alongst the north side men may anchor in 10 11 fathom At the same north side somewhat within the west poynt lye some great rockes a good wayes of from the shoare called the Pater nosters Pater noster or Pierreleg At the southwest poynt lye many rockes which lye of a great wayes into the sea to the northwards of them to wit betwixt them and the westermost poynt at the west side of Iarsey men may anchor at divers place in ten eleven twelve fathom At the south side of Iarsey is also a good road for a northwest w. n. w. Windes At the east side lyeth Saint Catherines baye S. Catherines Bay there is alsoo very good roade for westerly windes The west end of Iarsey and Saint Maloes or the Island Sisember before S. Maloes lye south and by east and north and by west eight or nine leagues asunder About halfe way betwixt both right in the fareway lye a great number of high rockes together which containe in circuit in sayling about seven or eight leagues Mankies Rockes called the Mankierrs they lye farre towards Iarsey some above and many under water soo that it is not without great danger to runne through betwixt Iarsey and the Mankiers When men will sayle through the Race of Blanckaert bound for S. Maloes they run commonly through betwixt Sarck and Iarsey may alsoo sayle to the eastwards of all the Islands and shoals alongst the coast of Normandy towards S. Maloes in manner as followeth When men come a little past the C. Voorha they shall meet thwart of the Island Iarsey with three or foure high rockes called Le Beuf Le Beuf men may runne to the westwards of them and so through betwixt them and the Island Iarsey or els to the eastwards of them alongst by the mayn land even as they will towards the riffe of Mortefaim that lyeth upon the coast of Normandy southsoutheast 8 leagues from Cape de Voorha Over against or thwart of the Riffe of Mortefaim lyeth a rane of rockes lying east and west more then a league in length called Beufkin