chap_n from_o the_o root_n beyond_o the_o nostril_n the_o bridle_n of_o the_o mouth_n or_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o corner_n be_v also_o yellow_a the_o nostril_n be_v round_o nares_n yet_o in_o one_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n we_o observe_v they_o long_o and_o bend_a it_o gape_v wide_a it_o be_v tongue_n be_v thick_a fleshy_a blunt_a as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v angry_a it_o open_v tongue_n its_o mouth_n and_o hold_v its_o tongue_n stretch_v out_o as_o far_o as_o the_o end_n of_o its_o bill_n the_o roof_n of_o the_o mouth_n have_v in_o it_o a_o hollow_a equal_a to_o the_o tongue_n the_o angle_n of_o the_o low_a chap_n be_v palate_n circular_a the_o eye_n be_v great_a the_o irides_fw-la or_o circle_n encompass_v the_o pupil_n white_a eye_n with_o a_o dash_n sometime_o of_o yellow_a sometime_o of_o red_a sometime_o they_o be_v of_o a_o whitish_a colour_n without_o mixture_n of_o any_o other_o the_o low_a eyelid_n downy_a the_o membrane_n for_o nictation_n blue_a the_o 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spot_n and_o a_o few_o black_a one_o the_o throat_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v dark_a than_o the_o belly_n for_o that_o the_o foremention_v colour_n be_v there_o more_o mingle_v and_o confound_v whereas_o in_o the_o belly_n they_o be_v more_o distinct_a and_o make_v great_a spot_n if_o you_o heed_v each_o feather_n you_o shall_v find_v the_o bottom_n to_o be_v blue_a in_o the_o middle_a a_o yellow_a spot_n encompass_v with_o a_o black_a line_n and_o the_o top_n white_a the_o wing_n be_v long_o reach_v almost_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n the_o description_n of_o the_o bill_n and_o leg_n we_o have_v already_o give_v in_o mr._n willughby_n word_n and_o have_v nothing_o further_a to_o add_v concern_v they_o it_o be_v say_v to_o abide_v and_o build_v in_o mountainous_a place_n it_o be_v keep_v in_o cage_n for_o its_o sing_n i_o suspect_v that_o bellonius_fw-la his_o solitary_a sparrow_n be_v the_o same_o with_o this_o bird_n though_o the_o description_n answer_v not_o exact_o in_o all_o thing_n §._o iv._o *_o the_o brasilian_n pitanga_n guacu_fw-la call_v by_o the_o portugnese_n bemtere_n marggrav_fw-mi in_o bigness_n it_o be_v equal_a to_o a_o stare_v have_v a_o thick_a broad_a pyramidal_a bill_n a_o little_a more_o than_o a_o inch_n long_o word_n outward_o sharp_a a_o broad_a compress_a head_n a_o short_a neck_n which_o sit_v it_o contract_v or_o draw_v up_o a_o body_n near_o two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n dusky_a four_o toe_n dispose_v in_o the_o usual_a manner_n the_o head_n upper_z side_z of_o the_o neck_n the_o whole_a back_o wing_n and_o tail_n of_o a_o dark_a brown_a or_o black_a mingle_v with_o a_o little_a green_a the_o under_o side_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o breast_n and_o low_a belly_n have_v yellow_a feather_n but_o above_o by_o the_o head_n it_o have_v a_o crown_n like_v that_o of_o a_o monk_n of_o a_o white_a colour_n it_o have_v a_o loud_a shrill_a cry_n some_o of_o these_o bird_n have_v on_o the_o top_n of_o their_o head_n a_o yellow_a spot_n and_o some_o have_v it_o partly_o of_o a_o clay_n colour_n else_o in_o all_o thing_n like_a this_o kind_n be_v call_v by_o the_o brasilian_n cuiriri_fw-la chap._n xx._n atinga_n guacu_fw-la mucu_fw-la of_o marggrave_n it_o be_v about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o throstle_n have_v a_o great_a head_n a_o neck_n of_o a_o moderate_a length_n a_o body_n three_o inch_n long_o the_o bill_n a_o little_a hook_a of_o a_o colour_n mingle_v of_o green_a and_o yellow_a sanguine_a eye_n with_o a_o black_a pupil_n the_o leg_n be_v ash-coloured_a of_o a_o moderate_a length_n above_o the_o knee_n i_o suppose_v he_o mean_v cover_v with_o feather_n in_o the_o foot_n four_o toe_n dispose_v after_o the_o usual_a manner_n a_o exceed_a long_a tail_n viz._n of_o about_o nine_o inch_n consist_v of_o about_o ten_o feather_n of_o which_o some_o of_o the_o low_a be_v short_a than_o the_o upper_a the_o whole_a head_n neck_n back_o wing_n and_o tail_n have_v brown_a or_o soot_n fuligineous_a feather_n which_o in_o the_o tail_n be_v darker-coloured_n than_o the_o rest_n the_o end_n of_o each_o feather_n of_o the_o tail_n for_o about_o half_a a_o inch_n be_v white_a and_o between_o the_o white_a and_o red_a part_v shade_v with_o black_a the_o throat_n breast_n low_a belly_n and_o thigh_n be_v cover_v with_o ash-coloured_a feather_n on_o the_o head_n it_o have_v long_a feather_n which_o it_o can_v set_v up_o like_o two_o horn_n it_o be_v a_o bird_n remarkable_a for_o the_o length_n of_o its_o tail_n for_o its_o agreement_n in_o bigness_n its_o bill_n and_o some_o other_o accident_n we_o have_v subjoin_v it_o to_o the_o thrush-kind_n chap._n xxi_o the_o witwall_n as_o it_o be_v by_o some_o call_v galbula_n seu_fw-la picus_n nidum_fw-la suspendens_fw-la aldrov_n oriolus_n alberti_fw-la chloreus_n aristotelis_fw-la &_o icterus_n plinii_n in_o aldrovandus_n his_o judgement_n this_o bird_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v by_o measure_n ten_o inch_n long_o equal_a in_o magnitude_n to_o or_o somewhat_o big_a than_o a_o thrush_n its_o bill_n more_o than_o a_o inch_n long_o red_a like_o a_o thrush_n but_o big_a and_o long_o its_o tongue_n cleave_v and_o rough_a the_o irides_fw-la of_o its_o eye_n red_a its_o leg_n foot_n and_o toe_n of_o a_o lead-colour_n the_o hind-toe_n near_o the_o rise_n of_o it_o be_v broad_a and_o callous_a the_o outer_a toe_n join_v to_o the_o middle_n as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n up_o to_o the_o first_o joint_n the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v black_a but_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o five_o six_o and_o seven_o also_o of_o the_o ten_o and_o four_o subsequent_a white_a and_o the_o utmost_a edge_n of_o the_o three_o and_o four_o the_o foremost_a feather_n of_o the_o second_o row_n be_v almost_o half_a way_n of_o a_o pale_a yellow_a else_o the_o upper_a surface_n of_o the_o whole_a wing_n black_a the_o twelve_o feather_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v of_o equal_a length_n viz._n about_o three_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a the_o two_o middlemost_a black_a the_o rest_n have_v their_o upper_a half_n yellow_a their_o low_a black_a all_o the_o body_n beside_o be_v of_o a_o bright_a yellow_a very_o beautiful_a to_o behold_v so_o that_o for_o the_o lustre_n and_o elegancy_n of_o its_o colour_n it_o scarce_o give_v place_n to_o any_o of_o the_o american_n bird_n between_o the_o eye_n and_o nostril_n on_o each_o side_n it_o have_v a_o black_a spot_n in_o the_o female_a the_o colour_n be_v not_o so_o fair_a and_o lively_a the_o yellow_a be_v mingle_v with_o black_a and_o brown_a the_o breast_n shade_v with_o dusky_a line_n the_o lesser_a row_n of_o wing-feather_n and_o the_o two_o middle_a feather_n of_o the_o tail_n green_fw-mi the_o young_a one_o also_o be_v green_a and_o have_v their_o breast_n spot_v the_o gut_n be_v sixteen_o inch_n long_o great_a and_o lax_n the_o blind_a gut_n very_o small_a and_o short_a the_o testicle_n round_o in_o the_o belly_n we_o find_v caterpillar_n we_o shoot_v this_o bird_n near_o frankfurt_n in_o germany_n afterward_o we_o see_v many_o of_o they_o at_o naples_n in_o the_o poulterer_n shop_n whence_o we_o guess_v that_o they_o be_v frequent_a in_o the_o neighbour_a country_n the_o structure_n of_o the_o nest_n and_o how_o artificial_o it_o hang_v it_o see_v in_o aldrovand_n the_o low_a dutch_a call_v this_o bird_n by_o a_o very_a fit_a name_n goutmerle_n that_o be_v the_o golden_a ousel_n for_o it_o agree_v with_o thrush_n or_o blackbird_n in_o the_o shape_n of_o the_o bill_n and_o the_o whole_a body_n in_o the_o bigness_n also_o food_n and_o manner_n of_o live_v it_o be_v call_v galbula_n or_o galgulus_n from_o its_o yellow_a colour_n it_o be_v a_o bird_n of_o passage_n gesner_n write_v that_o it_o come_v into_o his_o country_n for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o may_n but_o sometime_o also_o in_o april_n after_o who_o come_v they_o have_v certain_a hope_n that_o there_o will_v be_v no_o more_o frost_n whence_o it_o appear_v that_o it_o delight_n in_o hot_a place_n and_o season_n it_o feed_v wonderful_o fat_a have_v very_o delicate_a flesh_n and_o yield_v wholesome_a nourishment_n and_o no_o wonder_n since_o it_o be_v akin_a to_o the_o thrush_n and_o use_v the_o same_o food_n viz._n infect_v and_o berry_n chap._n xxii_o *_o matuitui_fw-la of_o marggravius_n it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o stare_v have_v a_o short_a neck_n a_o strong_a breast_n short_a leg_n a_o tail_n two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a it_o have_v a_o straight_a strong_a bill_n the_o upper_a chap_n whereof_o be_v a_o little_a prominent_a the_o point_n incline_v downward_o of_o a_o vermilion_a colour_n the_o whole_a head_n upper_z side_z of_o the_o neck_n back_o wing_n and_o tail_n be_v brown_a spot_v with_o a_o pale_a yellow_a partly_o speckle_v like_o a_o sparrow-hawk_n under_o the_o throat_n it_o have_v yellow_a feather_n the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v white_a speckled_a with_o brown_a the_o leg_n of_o a_o dark_a ash-colour_n chap._n xxiii_o *_o guirapunga_n of_o marggrave_n the_o cry_n of_o this_o bird_n may_v be_v hear_v a_o great_a way_n off_o it_o be_v big_a than_o the_o missel-bird_n almost_o equal_a to_o a_o pigeon_n have_v a_o bill_n a_o inch_n long_o and_o pretty_a broad_a acutum_fw-la sharp-pointed_a the_o upper_a part_n a_o little_a prominent_a above_o the_o low_a and_o bend_v downward_o black_a have_v wide_a or_o open_a nostril_n it_o be_v mouth_n be_v large_a the_o slit_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o eye_n so_o that_o the_o aperture_n of_o the_o mouth_n with_o the_o bill_n form_v a_o triangle_n it_o have_v a_o short_a tongue_n eye_n between_o black_a and_o blue_a under_o the_o throat_n which_o be_v broad_a and_o in_o the_o low_a part_n of_o
a_o small_a brasilian_n heron_n of_o marggrave_n it_o be_v scarce_o so_o big_a as_o a_o common_a pigeon_n have_v a_o very_a long_a neck_n a_o straight_a sharp_a bill_n dusky_a above_o of_o a_o yellowish_a white_a beneath_o two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a a_o short_a sharp_a tongue_n eye_n of_o a_o mean_a size_n with_o a_o black_a pupil_n and_o a_o yellow_a circle_n a_o small_a head_n a_o slender_a neck_n but_o seven_o inch_n long_o whereas_o the_o length_n of_o the_o body_n be_v scarce_o four_o long_a leg_n each_o five_o inch_n the_o foot_n upper_a half_o bare_a of_o feather_n half_a way_n four_o toe_n in_o each_o foot_n place_v the_o common_a way_n with_o crooked_a and_o sharp_a talon_n as_o for_o its_o colour_n near_o the_o eye_n where_o the_o bill_n be_v insert_v the_o skin_n be_v of_o a_o yellow_a melini_fw-la the_o head_n above_o be_v cover_v with_o feather_n of_o a_o steel-colour_n with_o pale_a brown_a one_o intermingle_v the_o whole_a neck_n with_o the_o breast_n and_o low_a belly_n have_v a_o white_a plumage_n mix_v with_o cinereous_a and_o pale_a feather_n so_o that_o they_o appear_v variegated_a the_o back_n be_v black_a and_o partly_o of_o a_o steel_n colour_n with_o pale_a brown_a feather_n intermingle_v the_o long_a wing-feather_n be_v greenish_a have_v a_o white_a spot_n on_o their_o tip_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v elegant_o variegated_a of_o brown_a steel-colour_n wax-colour_n and_o ash-colour_n the_o tail_n be_v two_o inch_n long_o cover_v with_o the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n which_o be_v equal_o extend_v with_o it_o the_o leg_n above_o be_v mingle_v of_o ash_n and_o wax-colour_n the_o naked_a part_n and_o the_o foot_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o yellow_a skin_n the_o clawsbrown_a this_o bird_n walk_v erect_v and_o stately_a chap._n ii_o of_o the_o stork_n de_fw-fr ciconia_n §._o 1._o the_o common_a or_o white_a stork_n ciconia_n alba_fw-la it_o be_v big_a than_o the_o common_a heron_n its_o neck_n thick_a and_o short_a than_o the_o heron_n its_o head_n neck_n and_o forepart_n white_a the_o rump_n and_o outside_n of_o the_o wing_n black_a the_o belly_n white_a the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n black_a the_o tail_n white_a the_o bill_n long_o red_a like_o a_o heron_n bill_n the_o leg_n long_o red_a bear_v almost_o to_o the_o knee_n or_o second_o joint_n from_o the_o foot_n the_o toe_n from_o the_o divarication_n to_o the_o first_o joint_n connect_v by_o a_o intervening_a membrane_n the_o vertebre_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v fourteen_o in_o number_n its_o claw_n be_v broad_a like_o the_o nail_n of_o a_o man_n so_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d will_v not_o to_o be_v sufficient_a to_o difference_n a_o man_n from_o a_o stork_n with_o its_o feather_n pluck_v off_o n._n b._n herodotus_n attribute_n such_o like_a claw_n to_o the_o white_a egyptian_a ibis_n the_o claw_n of_o the_o middle_a toe_n be_v not_o serrate_v it_o be_v seldom_o see_v in_o england_n and_o not_o unless_a drive_v overby_o a_o storm_n of_o wind_n or_o some_o other_o accident_n my_o honour_a friend_n sir_n thomas_n brown_n of_o norwich_n a_o person_n deserve_o famous_a for_o his_o skill_n in_o all_o part_n of_o learning_n but_o especial_o in_o natural_a history_n send_v i_o a_o picture_n of_o one_o of_o these_o bird_n take_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o norfolk_n draw_v by_o the_o life_n with_o a_o short_a description_n of_o it_o as_o follows_z it_o be_v about_o a_o yard_n high_a it_o have_v colour_n red_a bill_n and_o leg_n the_o claw_n of_o the_o foot_n like_o humane_a nail_n the_o low_a part_n of_o both_o wing_n be_v black_a so_o that_o when_o the_o wing_n be_v close_v or_o gather_v up_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o back_o appear_v black_a yet_o the_o tail_n which_o be_v whole_o cover_v and_o hide_v by_o the_o wing_n as_o be_v scarce_o a_o inch_n long_o be_v white_a as_o be_v also_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o body_n the_o quill_n be_v equal_a in_o bigness_n to_o swan_n quill_n it_o make_v a_o snap_v or_o clatter_a noise_n with_o its_o bill_n by_o the_o quick_a and_o frequent_a strike_v one_o chap_n against_o the_o other_o it_o ready_o eat_v frog_n and_o land-snail_n which_o we_o offer_v it_o but_o refuse_v toad_n it_o be_v but_o rare_o see_v on_o our_o coast_n so_o far_o sir_n thomas_n brown_n who_o description_n agree_v exact_o with_o we_o in_o all_o point_n the_o white_a stork_n say_v animal_n joannes_n faber_n be_v very_o rare_a in_o italy_n all_o these_o twenty_o eight_o year_n that_o i_o have_v spend_v at_o rome_n i_o never_o but_o once_o see_v a_o white_a stork_n and_o then_o but_o one_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tower_n call_v torre_n de_fw-fr conti_n i_o know_v not_o by_o what_o wind_n drive_v thither_o aldrovandus_n also_o himself_o a_o italian_a bear_v and_o then_o a_o very_a old_a man_n confess_v that_o he_o have_v never_o see_v a_o white_a stork_n for_o that_o the_o territory_n of_o bologna_n do_v neither_o breed_n nor_o feed_v they_o but_o since_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o stork_n before_o the_o approach_n of_o winter_n fly_v out_o of_o germany_n into_o more_o temperate_a and_o hot_a country_n very_o strange_a it_o be_v italy_n be_v contiguous_a to_o germany_n and_o hot_a than_o it_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o fly_v thither_o at_o least_o pass_v over_o it_o in_o their_o flight_n southward_o i_o know_v they_o say_v the_o same_o faber_n who_o have_v learn_v by_o ocular_a inspection_n that_o stork_n and_o peacock_n when_o such_o serpent_n as_o they_o swallow_v pass_v alive_a through_o their_o body_n as_o they_o will_v do_v several_a time_n creep_v out_o at_o their_o fundament_n use_v to_o set_v up_o their_o rump_n and_o clap_v their_o tail_n against_o a_o wall_n so_o long_o till_o they_o feel_v the_o serpent_n dead_a within_o they_o §._o ii_o the_o black_a stork_n ciconia_n nigra_fw-la it_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o white_a stork_n or_o but_o little_o less_o than_o it_o it_o be_v head_n neck_n back_o and_o wing_n be_v black_a with_o a_o certain_a gloss_n or_o mixture_n of_o green_a not_o unlike_o the_o colour_n of_o a_o cormorant_n its_o breast_n belly_n and_o side_n be_v white_a the_o bill_n green_a the_o leg_n also_o green_a and_o bare_a of_o feather_n up_o to_o the_o knee_n or_o second_o joint_n from_o the_o foot_n the_o membrane_n connect_v the_o toe_n reach_v on_o the_o outside_n as_o far_o as_o the_o first_o joint_n of_o the_o middle_a toe_n not_o on_o the_o inside_n the_o young_a one_o when_o they_o want_v meat_n make_v a_o noise_n not_o unlike_a to_o heron_n we_o see_v this_o bird_n first_o near_o frankfurt_n on_o the_o main_n after_o at_o strasburgh_n we_o suppose_v those_o we_o see_v be_v young_a one_o for_o that_o their_o bill_n and_o leg_n be_v green_a whereas_o in_o that_o which_o faber_n describe_v they_o be_v red_a jo._n faber_n animal_n describe_v this_o bird_n very_o diligent_o and_o exact_o thus_o its_o length_n from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o foot_n be_v six_o spithaâ—ae_n span_n and_o a_o half_a the_o measure_n be_v the_o same_o of_o the_o wing_n extend_v the_o bill_n alone_o wherein_o be_v see_v a_o short_a red_a tongue_n be_v a_o roman_a foot_n long_o the_o leg_n two_o span_n the_o gullet_n be_v of_o that_o capacity_n or_o wideness_n that_o the_o bird_n be_v hang_v up_o by_o the_o foot_n a_o great_a frog_n drop_v out_o of_o the_o mouth_n of_o its_o own_o accord_n without_o any_o force_n and_o four_o more_o be_v find_v entire_a in_o its_o stomach_n in_o which_o stomach_n make_v of_o hard_a flesh_n be_v many_o frog_n bone_n and_o a_o certain_a dry_a lump_n not_o unlike_a dung_n the_o neck_n be_v a_o span_n and_o half_a long_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n meager_a the_o colour_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o all_o the_o back_o blackish_a as_o far_o as_o the_o low_a belly_n this_o black_a be_v mix_v with_o a_o dark_a bluish_a and_o purple_a the_o dusky_a colour_n be_v predominant_a especial_o in_o the_o great_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n the_o neck_n recede_v further_a from_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o back_n and_o do_v wonderful_o delight_v the_o eye_n with_o a_o most_o grateful_a mixture_n of_o blue_a purple_a and_o green_a such_o as_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o neck_n of_o pigeon_n and_o mallards_n and_o because_o only_o the_o low_a region_n of_o the_o belly_n begin_v far_o below_o the_o breast_n have_v white_a and_o soft_a feather_n the_o whole_a bird_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v denominate_v black_a than_o white_a the_o orbit_n of_o the_o eye_n the_o whole_a bill_n leg_n and_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o most_o pleasant_a scarlet_a red_a or_o cinnabar_fw-la vermilion_a colour_n all_o which_o thing_n put_v together_o viz._n the_o stately_a structure_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o that_o symmetry_n of_o various_a and_o
the_o mouth_n be_v almost_o seven_o inch_n the_o length_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v about_o two_o foot_n and_o three_o inch_n all_o the_o low_a part_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o breast_n the_o belly_n and_o the_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n more_o dilute_a towards_o the_o tail_n more_z intense_a towards_o the_o head_n the_o toe_n of_o a_o dusky_a or_o horn_n colour_n the_o long_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v almost_o a_o yard_n long_o they_o be_v all_o blackish_a or_o dusky_a of_o near_a one_o and_o the_o same_o colour_n yet_o the_o small_a feather_n that_o be_v high_a towards_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v black_a and_o some_o of_o they_o mark_v with_o transverse_a red_a spot_n across_o the_o middle_n other_o with_o whitish_a one_o about_o the_o bottom_n so_o much_o the_o black_a be_v they_o by_o how_o much_o near_o to_o the_o back_n where_o they_o shine_v again_o for_o blackness_n the_o feather_n on_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_n be_v black_a and_o shine_a their_o shaft_n in_o the_o middle_n be_v white_a especial_o of_o those_o which_o be_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_n and_o in_o half_a the_o neck_n for_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n have_v pale_a red_a ruffas_fw-la ex_fw-la albido_fw-la feather_n the_o tail_n feather_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o those_o of_o the_o wing_n viz._n dusky_a 6._o the_o white_a vulture_n which_o he_o make_v the_o same_o with_o the_o cinereous_a vulture_n of_o vulture_n bellonius_fw-la 7._o that_o vulture_n which_o we_o see_v in_o the_o royal_a aviary_n in_o st._n james_n park_n do_v in_o many_o one_o thing_n agree_v with_o the_o three_o sort_n or_o chestnut_n baetious_a vulture_n of_o bellonius_fw-la it_o be_v back_o and_o wing_n be_v fulvous_a its_o tail_n short_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o wing_n the_o beak_n black_a hook_a at_o the_o end_n the_o head_n and_o neck_n as_o far_o as_o the_o breast_n and_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o breast_n void_a of_o feather_n cover_v over_o with_o a_o short_a soft_a thick_a white_a down_n the_o eye_n be_v fierce-looked_n with_o saffron-coloured_n or_o deep-yellow_a irides_fw-la in_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o ruff_n of_o thick-set_a narrow_a feather_n much_o long_o than_o the_o rest_n as_o in_o the_o peronopteros_n of_o aldrovandus_n §._o ii_o *_o the_o brasil_n vulture_n call_v urubu_n by_o the_o dutch_a even_o menscheneter_n marggrav_fw-mi by_o the_o mexican_n tzopilotl_n f._n ximen_n by_o nieremberg_n and_o other_o aura_n it_o be_v a_o rapacious_a bird_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o kite_n according_a to_o marggravius_n of_o a_o middle-sized_a eagle_n or_o raven_n according_a to_o ximenes_n have_v whitish_a foot_n like_o a_o hen_n a_o long_a tail_n and_o wing_n long_o than_o it_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v black_a with_o a_o little_a ravi_n tawny_a colour_n here_o and_o there_o mingle_v it_o have_v a_o small_a head_n almost_o of_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o turkey_n cover_v with_o a_o somewhat_o rugged_a or_o wrinkle_a skin_n in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n the_o skin_n be_v as_o it_o be_v divide_v long-way_n and_o on_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o head_n beneath_o the_o eye_n be_v of_o a_o saffron_n colour_n above_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o blue_a also_o in_o the_o top_n elsewhere_o of_o a_o red_a brown_a in_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o head_n about_o the_o eye_n above_o and_o beneath_o it_o be_v of_o a_o saffron_n colour_n as_o also_o in_o the_o top_n elsewhere_o of_o a_o delay_v yellow_a or_o whitish_a it_o have_v a_o pretty_a long_a bill_n hook_v at_o the_o end_n sharp_a and_o cover_v over_o from_o the_o head_n half_a way_n with_o a_o skin_n from_o saffron-colour_n tend_v to_o blue_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o bill_n above_o be_v side_n one_o hole_n of_o the_o nostril_n large_a and_o situate_v transvers_o the_o end_n of_o the_o bill_n that_o be_v bare_a and_o want_v the_o skin_n be_v white_a it_o have_v elegant_a eye_n almost_o of_o the_o colour_n of_o a_o ruby_n with_o a_o round_a black_a pupil_n the_o eyelid_n of_o a_o saffron-colour_n the_o tongue_n carinate_v and_o indent_v round_o with_o sharp_a tooth_n it_o be_v flesh_n stink_v like_o carrion_n for_o they_o feed_v upon_o dead_a carcase_n and_o in_o the_o capitania_n chieftainship_n of_o sirigippo_n and_o river_n of_o st._n francis_n when_o any_o one_o kill_v a_o beast_n they_o come_v fly_v present_o in_o great_a number_n it_o be_v a_o ill-looked_a bird_n always_o lean_a and_o never_o satisfy_v ximenes_n make_v it_o to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o raven_n but_o the_o sear_n or_o skin_n cover_v the_o basis_n of_o the_o bill_n argue_v it_o to_o belong_v to_o the_o rapacious_a kind_n the_o bare_a head_n and_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n only_o hook_v determine_v it_o to_o the_o family_n of_o vulture_n it_o feed_v say_v ximenes_n upon_o dead_a flesh_n and_o man_n dung_n they_o perch_n at_o night_n on_o tree_n and_o rock_n in_o the_o morning_n they_o resort_v to_o the_o city_n sit_v view_v and_o watch_v the_o street_n on_o high_a place_n and_o when_o they_o spy_v any_o silth_n garbage_n or_o dead_a thing_n they_o catch_v it_o up_o and_o devour_v it_o where_o they_o build_v or_o hatch_v their_o young_a be_v hitherto_o unknown_a although_o they_o be_v most_o frequent_a in_o almost_o every_o corner_n of_o new_a spain_n yet_o acosta_n say_v that_o their_o young_a one_o be_v white_a and_o that_o grow_v up_o they_o change_v and_o come_v to_o be_v as_o black_a as_o raven_n they_o fly_v always_o very_o high_a and_o cast_v a_o horrible_a stink_n from_o they_o like_o raven_n they_o fly_v constant_o in_o flock_n and_o sit_v upon_o tree_n and_o feed_v joint_o in_o company_n upon_o dead_a carcase_n without_o any_o strife_n or_o quarrel_v and_o when_o the_o rest_n see_v any_o one_o not_o able_a to_o move_v or_o help_v herself_o they_o help_v she_o as_o much_o as_o they_o can_v and_o bring_v she_o to_o the_o water_n for_o be_v wash_v they_o recover_v strength_n to_o fly_v if_o any_o one_o pursue_v they_o they_o empty_v themselves_o present_o that_o they_o may_v be_v the_o more_o light_a to_o fly_v away_o with_o like_a haste_n cast_v up_o what_o ever_o they_o have_v swallow_v the_o ash_n of_o their_o feather_n burn_v take_v away_o hair_n so_o that_o they_o come_v not_o again_o which_o faculty_n be_v also_o attribute_v to_o the_o dung_n of_o pismire_n and_o the_o blood_n of_o bat_n their_o skin_n half-burnt_a heal_v wound_n if_o it_o be_v apply_v and_o the_o flesh_n withal_o eat_v which_o be_v wont_n also_o to_o help_v those_o that_o be_v sick_a of_o the_o french_a pox._n the_o heart_n dry_v in_o the_o sun_n smell_v like_o musk_n the_o dung_n dry_v and_o take_v in_o any_o convenient_a vehicle_n to_o the_o weight_n of_o a_o drachm_n be_v profitable_a to_o melancholy_a person_n the_o barbarous_a people_n say_v that_o where_o they_o lay_v their_o egg_n they_o compass_v their_o nest_n with_o certain_a pebble-stone_n which_o promote_v transpiration_n but_o the_o more_o probable_a opinion_n be_v that_o they_o exclude_v their_o young_a under_o ground_n and_o take_v they_o out_o when_o they_o feed_v they_o and_o again_o cover_v they_o in_o the_o earth_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o lesser_a sort_n of_o rapacious_a bird_n that_o prey_n by_o day_n call_v hawk_n it_o follow_v now_o that_o we_o treat_v of_o the_o lesser_a sort_n of_o rapacious_a bird_n that_o prey_n by_o day_n call_v hawk_n these_o we_o have_v before_o distinguish_v into_o the_o more_o generous_a which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v reclaim_v and_o train_v up_o for_o hawk_v and_o the_o more_o sluggish_a and_o cowardly_a which_o because_o they_o be_v either_o indocile_a or_o unfit_a for_o hawk_v be_v neglect_v by_o man_n the_o former_a call_v hawk_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v divide_v by_o falconer_n into_o long-winged_n and_o short-winged_n those_o they_o call_v long-winged_n who_o wing_n when_o close_v reach_n almost_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n those_o they_o call_v short-winged_n who_o wing_n when_o close_v fall_v much_o short_a of_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n of_o which_o sort_n we_o have_v see_v two_o great_a viz._n the_o goshawk_n and_o sparrow-hawk_n and_o three_o lesser_a viz._n the_o three_o sort_n of_o butcher-bird_n but_o because_o that_o distinction_n of_o hawk_n into_o tame_a and_o wild_a be_v arbitrarious_fw-la and_o depend_v upon_o institution_n but_o the_o other_o into_o long-winged_n and_o short-winged_n have_v its_o foundation_n in_o nature_n and_o may_v be_v accommodate_v to_o all_o hawk_n in_o general_a we_o will_v prefer_v it_o before_o that_o first_o treat_v of_o the_o long-winged_n hawk_n hawk_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o age_n be_v divide_v by_o falconer_n into_o 1._o nyas_n or_o
outward_o and_o lay_v two_o or_o three_o egg_n like_v to_o pigeon_n without_o any_o make_a nest_n as_o marggravius_n say_v lerius_fw-la affirm_v that_o they_o do_v build_v nest_n sufficient_o firm_a and_o hard_o of_o a_o round_a orbicular_a figure_n whence_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o they_o do_v not_o hang_v their_o nest_n upon_o the_o slender_a twig_n of_o tree_n as_o cadamustus_fw-la and_o other_o have_v deliver_v for_o that_o bird_n which_o hang_v its_o nest_n on_o this_o fashion_n call_v by_o the_o brasilian_n guira_n tangeima_fw-la as_o marggravius_n write_v be_v much_o different_a from_o the_o parrot_n though_o you_o touch_v her_o egg_n yet_o will_v not_o the_o parrot_n forsake_v they_o but_o hatch_v they_o notwithstanding_o parrot_n be_v make_v of_o several_a colour_n by_o the_o brasil_n tapuyae_n by_o pluck_v they_o when_o they_o be_v young_a and_o then_o stain_v their_o skin_n with_o divers_a colour_n these_o the_o portague_n call_v counterfeit_a parrot_n which_o thing_n if_o it_o be_v true_a for_o to_o i_o indeed_o it_o seem_v not_o probable_a it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o distinguish_v parrot_n by_o the_o diversity_n of_o colour_n since_o therein_o they_o may_v vary_v infinite_o in_o all_o parrot_n that_o i_o have_v hitherto_o observe_v the_o nostril_n be_v round_o situate_a in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o upper_a chap_n close_o by_o the_o feather_n and_o very_o near_a one_o to_o another_o parrot_n in_o respect_n of_o bigness_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o three_o kind_n viz._n the_o great_a meansized_n and_o least_o the_o great_a be_v equal_a in_o bigness_n to_o our_o common_a raven_n or_o as_o aldrovandus_n say_v to_o a_o well-fed_a capon_n and_o have_v long_a tail_n in_o english_a they_o be_v call_v macaos_n and_o cockatoon_n the_o middle_a or_o meansized_a and_o most_o common_a parrot_n be_v as_o big_a or_o big_a than_o a_o pigeon_n have_v short_a tail_n and_o be_v call_v in_o english_a parrot_n and_o poppinjaye_n the_o lest_o be_v of_o the_o bulk_n of_o a_o blackbird_n or_o a_o lark_n have_v very_o long_a tail_n and_o be_v call_v in_o english_a parakeeto_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o great_a sort_n of_o parrot_n call_v maccaws_n and_o cockatoon_n §._o i._o *_o aldrovandus_n his_o great_a blue_a and_o yellow_a maccaw_n the_o body_n of_o this_o equal_v a_o well-fed_a capon_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n it_o be_v two_o cubit_n long_o the_o bill_n hook_v and_o in_o that_o measure_n that_o it_o make_v a_o exact_a semicircle_n be_v outward_o conform_v into_o the_o perfect_a roundness_n of_o half_a a_o ring_n a_o full_a palm_n long_o and_o where_o it_o begin_v as_o thick_a within_o half_a a_o inch_n if_o you_o measure_v both_o mandible_n the_o upper_a mandible_a be_v almost_o two_o inch_n long_o than_o the_o nether_a which_o on_o the_o low_a side_n downward_o be_v convex_a and_o round_a the_o whole_a bill_n be_v black_a the_o eye_n white_a and_o black_a three_o black_a line_n draw_v from_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o neck_n represent_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o letter_n s_o lie_v compass_z the_o eye_n underneath_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n be_v flat_a and_o of_o a_o green_a colour_n the_o throat_n adorn_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o black_a ring_n the_o breast_n belly_n thigh_n rump_n and_o tail_n underneath_o all_o of_o a_o saffron_n colour_n the_o neck_n above_o back_o wing_n and_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o tail_n of_o a_o very_a pleasant_a blue_a or_o azure_n the_o tail_n eighteen_o inch_n long_o more_o or_o less_o the_o leg_n very_o short_a thick_a and_o of_o a_o dusky_a or_o dark_a colour_n as_o be_v also_o the_o foot_n the_o toe_n long_o arm_v with_o great_a crooked_a black_a talon_n §._o ii_o *_o the_o other_o maccaw_n or_o macao_n of_o aldrovandus_n this_o be_v nothing_o less_o than_o the_o forego_n of_o the_o same_o length_n but_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v so_o thick-bodied_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v short_a than_o the_o precedent_n be_v not_o draw_v out_o into_o so_o long_a a_o hook_n yet_o almost_o three_o inch_n long_o and_o as_o many_o broad_a where_o it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o head_n the_o upper_a chap_n be_v white_a the_o nether_a black_a the_o region_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o temple_n be_v white_a the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n more_o than_o a_o palm_n long_o and_o flat_a the_o back_n begin_v of_o the_o wing_n throat_n breast_n belly_n thigh_n and_o final_o the_o whole_a tail_n above_o be_v beautify_v with_o a_o most_o lovely_a colour_n scarlet_n or_o red_a colour_n as_o be_v also_o the_o inner_a side_n of_o the_o flag-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n the_o second_o row_n of_o the_o covert_a wing-feather_n be_v yellow_a with_o scarlet_a edge_n each_o adorn_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o eye_n of_o blue_a near_o the_o tip_n the_o outer_a surface_n of_o the_o flag-feather_n and_o the_o rump_n i_o suppose_v he_o mean_v the_o tail_n underneath_o tinctured_a with_o a_o deep_a blue_a the_o leg_n be_v short_a the_o foot_n divide_v into_o long_a toe_n arm_v with_o crooked_a claw_n both_o of_o a_o duskish_a or_o dark_a ash-colour_n §._o iii_o a_o maccaw_n describe_v at_o london_n the_o same_o i_o suppose_v with_o the_o precedent_n call_v by_o marggrav_n araracanga_n at_o london_n we_o observe_v and_o describe_v a_o certain_a macao_n either_o the_o same_o with_o the_o precedent_n i_o mean_v in_o kind_n or_o very_o like_v it_o it_o be_v of_o the_o same_o bigness_n have_v a_o huge_a bill_n the_o upper_a mandible_a be_v almost_o whole_o white_a the_o low_a black_a the_o skin_n about_o the_o eye_n be_v bare_a of_o feather_n and_o rough_a or_o rugged_a the_o whole_a head_n breast_n and_o belly_n red_z like_v minium_n the_o wing_n and_o tail_n particoloured_a of_o red_a yellow_a and_o blue_a the_o tail_n of_o a_o great_a length_n especial_o the_o two_o middlemost_a feather_n which_o do_v much_o exceed_v the_o rest_n and_o be_v of_o a_o blue_a colour_n i_o take_v that_o which_o marggravius_n describe_v book_n 5._o chap._n 9_o to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o this_o let_v the_o reader_n compare_v the_o description_n his_o run_v thus_o it_o be_v big_a than_o our_o common_a araracanga_n raven_n have_v a_o great_a head_n broad_a and_o flat_o above_o fair_a *_o grey_n eye_n *_o coesius_fw-la with_o a_o black_a pupil_n a_o white_a membrane_n encompass_n the_o eye_n as_o also_o the_o jaw_n and_o low_a bill_n i_o suppose_v he_o mean_v that_o the_o skin_n thereabouts_o be_v white_a and_o bare_a of_o feather_n this_o under_o the_o eye_n be_v produce_v in_o a_o semilunar_a form_n the_o bill_n be_v great_a hook_a white_a above_o black_a underneath_o it_o have_v a_o tongue_n like_o a_o parrot_n and_o eat_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n it_o learn_v also_o to_o pronounce_v some_o word_n the_o upper_a chap_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v about_o three_o inch_n long_o broad_a or_o deep_a it_o have_v black_a leg_n and_o foot_n like_o a_o parrot_n the_o whole_a head_n neck_n breast_n belly_n thigh_n and_o tail_n underneath_o as_o also_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o wing_n above_o be_v clothe_v with_o most_o lovely_a and_o elegant_a red_a feather_n the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v adorn_v with_o green_a and_o the_o low_a half_o of_o they_o from_o the_o middle_n to_o the_o end_n with_o blue_a the_o rump_n or_o low_a part_n of_o the_o back_n and_o the_o tail_n be_v blue_a some_o brown_a feather_n be_v also_o intermingle_v the_o tail_n be_v about_o ten_o inch_n long_o run_v out_o much_o beyond_o the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n §._o iv._o *_o the_o macao_n call_v ararauna_n by_o the_o brasilian_n marggrav_n the_o same_o with_o aldrov_n his_o first_o it_o be_v in_o shape_n like_o the_o precedent_n but_o of_o a_o different_a colour_n it_o be_v bill_n black_a eye_n grey_a pupil_n black_a the_o skin_n about_o the_o eye_n white_a variegated_a with_o black_a as_o if_o it_o be_v wrought_v with_o a_o needle_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n dusky_a fusca_fw-la the_o forepart_n of_o the_o head_n above_o the_o bill_n have_v a_o copple_n or_o tuft_n of_o green_a feather_n under_o the_o low_a bill_n black_a feather_n compass_v the_o throat_n the_o side_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o whole_a breast_n and_o low_a belly_n be_v cover_v with_o yellow_a feather_n the_o hinder_a or_o extreme_a part_n of_o the_o head_n the_o backside_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o whole_a back_o and_o outside_n of_o the_o wing_n with_o blue_a the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n have_v yellow_a feather_n mingle_v with_o the_o blue_a the_o tail_n consist_v of_o long_a blue_a feather_n wherewith_o some_o yellow_a one_o be_v mingle_v the_o inner_a or_o underside_n of_o all_o the_o blue_a feather_n in_o general_n be_v black_a these_o feather_n do_v also_o cast_v a_o show_n of_o blackness_n from_o their_o side_n upon_o
care_n and_o industry_n bring_v one_o alive_a as_o far_o as_o amsterdam_n which_o though_o it_o be_v not_o of_o the_o choice_a yet_o may_v have_v be_v sell_v for_o one_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o florin_n or_o gilder_n of_o that_o province_n that_o be_v somewhat_o more_o than_o seventy_o dollar_n as_o i_o find_v record_v in_o the_o diary_n of_o that_o voyage_n that_o bird_n by_o the_o way_n have_v learned_a to_o pronounce_v many_o holland_n word_n which_o it_o have_v hear_v of_o the_o mariner_n and_o its_o master_n have_v make_v it_o so_o tame_a that_o it_o will_v put_v its_o bill_n into_o his_o mouth_n and_o ear_n without_o do_v he_o any_o harm_n and_o will_v put_v in_o order_n the_o hair_n of_o his_o beard_n if_o discompose_v and_o if_o any_o one_o else_o offer_v to_o touch_v he_o it_o will_v present_o snap_v or_o peck_v at_o he_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v some_o dog_n furthermore_o say_v he_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1605._o jacob_n plateau_n send_v i_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o certain_a parrot_n draw_v to_o the_o life_n in_o colour_n the_o like_a whereto_o see_v i_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o see_v nor_o remember_v to_o have_v meet_v with_o any_o where_o describe_v i_o think_v fit_a to_o subjoin_v the_o figure_n of_o it_o print_v in_o this_o auctarium_fw-la to_o my_o history_n of_o exotics_n he_o write_v that_o he_o have_v keep_v it_o above_o two_o year_n that_o it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o pigeon_n that_o it_o have_v a_o head_n almost_o like_o a_o hawk_n to_o wit_n cover_v with_o such_o colour_a feather_n sparkle_v eye_n the_o neck_n and_o breast_n be_v beset_v with_o particoloured_a feather_n which_o when_o it_o be_v angry_a or_o any_o one_o molest_v it_o by_o bring_v any_o animal_n near_o to_o the_o cage_n in_o which_o it_o be_v shut_v up_o it_o will_v set_v a_o end_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n crest_v those_o feather_n be_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n and_o in_o the_o outward_a part_n i_o suppose_v he_o mean_v round_o the_o border_n or_o edge_n of_o a_o most_o elegant_a blue_a the_o feather_n of_o the_o belly_n be_v almost_o of_o like_a colour_n yet_o moreover_o cloud_v with_o dusky_a the_o feather_n of_o the_o back_o be_v green_a and_o the_o master-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n bluish_a the_o tail_n be_v compose_v of_o many_o green_a feather_n but_o not_o long_o i_o can_v not_o neglect_v to_o propose_v to_o the_o reader_n view_v a_o small_a sort_n of_o parrot_n bring_v these_o last_o year_n from_o aethiopia_n and_o the_o place_n border_v on_o manicongo_n by_o the_o holland_n skipper_n with_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o male_a but_o the_o female_a be_v much_o more_o elegant_a for_o there_o be_v one_o bring_v of_o both_o sex_n the_o bulk_n of_o the_o body_n be_v equal_a in_o bigness_n to_o a_o chaffinch_n that_o be_v be_v two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o neck_n to_o the_o rump_n all_o the_o feather_n cover_v the_o body_n be_v of_o a_o green_a colour_n among_o which_o yet_o there_o appear_v a_o manifest_a difference_n for_o those_o on_o the_o back_o be_v deep_o colour_v those_o on_o the_o belly_n pale_a the_o flag-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v three_o inch_n long_o and_o though_o on_o the_o upper_a side_n on_o that_o side_n the_o shaft_n which_o have_v the_o short_a villi_fw-la as_o far_o as_o they_o cover_v one_o another_o they_o be_v tincture_v with_o a_o deep_a green_a yet_o on_o the_o other_o side_n which_o have_v long_o villi_fw-la and_o on_o all_o the_o under-side_n they_o be_v dusky_a or_o brown_a the_o feather_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v most_o elegant_a well_o nigh_o two_o inch_n long_o little_o less_o than_o half_a a_o inch_n broad_a on_o that_o part_n next_o the_o rump_n of_o a_o green_a colour_n mingle_v with_o yellow_a next_o of_o a_o elegant_a red_a then_o of_o a_o black_a and_o last_o of_o all_o of_o a_o green_a and_o these_o three_o last_o colour_n be_v distinct_a from_o one_o another_o as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o tail-feather_n of_o some_o green_a parrot_n of_o the_o great_a kind_n call_v maccaws_n but_o these_o feather_n be_v scarce_o see_v unless_o when_o she_o spread_v her_o tail_n because_o they_o be_v cover_v with_o other_o of_o the_o same_o length_n which_o be_v whole_o green_a the_o neck_n be_v short_a and_o thick_a the_o feather_n cover_v the_o head_n very_o short_a and_o green_a except_o those_o on_o the_o crown_n above_o the_o bill_n and_o on_o the_o whole_a throat_n for_o they_o be_v of_o a_o lovely_a florid_n red_a colour_n i_o speak_v of_o the_o male_a for_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o female_a be_v of_o a_o pale_a red_n and_o do_v not_o take_v up_o so_o large_a a_o space_n as_o in_o the_o male_n the_o eye_n be_v very_o black_a the_o bill_n thick_a and_o strong_a the_o upper_a chap_n hook_a and_o sharp-pointed_a as_o in_o other_o sort_n of_o parrot_n its_o colour_n red_a the_o leg_n short_a scarce_o attain_v the_o length_n of_o half_a a_o inch_n cover_v with_o ash-coloured_a scale_n 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water_n i_o observe_v further_o in_o this_o bird_n that_o the_o female_n when_o they_o grow_v old_a will_v scarce_o eat_v any_o meat_n but_o what_o have_v be_v pick_v up_o by_o the_o male_a and_o keep_v a_o while_n in_o his_o crop_n and_o there_o mollify_v or_o macerate_v the_o which_o they_o receive_v with_o their_o bill_n as_o young_a pigeon_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v feed_v and_o nourish_v by_o the_o old_a one_o §._o vii_o *_o bontius_n his_o small_a parrakeet_n it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o lark_n have_v a_o hook_a bill_n grey_a of_o colour_n as_o be_v also_o the_o throat_n black_a eye_n encompass_v with_o a_o silver_n circle_n i_o suppose_v he_o mean_v the_o iris._n the_o tongue_n be_v like_o a_o parrot_n with_o solid_a ligament_n it_o can_v set_v up_o specious_a feather_n on_o the_o crown_n of_o its_o head_n like_o a_o crest_n its_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o ash-colour_n it_o have_v a_o very_a long_a tail_n reach_v about_o ten_o inch_n beyond_o the_o end_n of_o 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be_v also_o garrulous_a and_o learn_v to_o pronounce_v some_o word_n if_o they_o be_v keep_v tame_a §._o viii_o *_o marggravius_n his_o brasilian_n any_o of_o kin_n to_o the_o parrot_n this_o bird_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o throstle_n or_o mavis_n whole_o black_a wing_n bill_n eye_n and_o foot_n it_o have_v a_o long_a erect_v tail_n of_o six_o inch_n length_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v high_a broad_a a_o inch_n long_a or_o something_o more_o the_o low_a part_n almost_o straight_o the_o upper_a high_a broad_a of_o a_o semilunar_a figure_n and_o compress_a so_o that_o above_o it_o be_v almost_o edge_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n slender_a
the_o ring_n also_o be_v of_o a_o different_a colour_n for_o in_o the_o indian_a turtle_n it_o be_v slender_a and_o black_a and_o compass_n the_o neck_n round_o whereas_o in_o the_o common_a one_o it_o be_v more_o than_o a_o inch_n broad_a particoloured_a and_o compass_n not_o the_o neck_n the_o long_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n the_o rump_n and_o whole_a tail_n be_v of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n have_v their_o shaft_n black_a and_o edge_n white_a the_o belly_n especial_o near_o the_o vent_n be_v yellow_a the_o foot_n red_a adorn_v with_o whitish_a scale_n table_n the_o claw_n be_v dusky_a incline_v to_o yellow_a they_o feed_v upon_o millet_n thus_o far_o aldrovandus_n of_o this_o sort_n of_o bird_n we_o have_v see_v many_o keep_v by_o the_o curious_a in_o aviaries_n and_o cage_n §._o vi_o *_o the_o indian_a turtle_n or_o cocotzin_n of_o nieremberg_n the_o picuipinima_n of_o marggrave_n our_o least_n barbados_n turtle_n it_o be_v a_o little_o big_a than_o a_o lark_n nieremberg_n say_v than_o a_o sparrow_n have_v a_o small_a dusky_a black_a bill_n like_o a_o pigeon_n black_a eye_n with_o a_o golden_a circle_n the_o whole_a head_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o side_n back_o and_o wing_n be_v cover_v with_o dark_a ash-coloured_a or_o black_a and_o blue_a feather_n have_v black_a semilunar_a border_n but_o the_o long_a feather_n of_o its_o wing_n which_o be_v see_v as_o it_o fly_v be_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n and_o black_a on_o one_o side_n and_o in_o their_o tip_n the_o tail_n be_v of_o a_o good_a length_n consist_v of_o dusky_a ash-coloured_a feather_n yet_o some_o of_o they_o be_v black_a and_o have_v their_o exterior_a half_a white_a the_o feather_n of_o the_o belly_n be_v white_a have_v their_o border_n black_a of_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o crescent_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n like_o those_o of_o other_o dove_n but_o whitish_a these_o pigeon_n be_v good_a meat_n and_o grow_v very_o fat_a nieremberg_n add_v that_o the_o head_n be_v little_a the_o bill_n 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be_v fulvous_a and_o black_a and_o the_o head_n ash-coloured_a whence_o some_o call_v it_o tlapalcocotli_n this_o bird_n be_v either_o the_o same_o with_o or_o very_o like_a to_o our_o least_n barbados_n turtle_n which_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o lark_n be_v exact_o equal_a to_o the_o figure_n we_o give_v of_o it_o take_v from_o the_o live_a bird_n §._o vii_o the_o ring-dove_n palumbus_fw-la torquatus_fw-la that_o we_o describe_v weigh_v twenty_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v eighteen_o inch_n its_o breadth_n thirty_o it_o be_v bill_n yellowish_a cover_v for_o some_o space_n from_o the_o head_n with_o a_o red_a or_o purplish_a skin_n wherein_o be_v the_o nostril_n above_o the_o nostril_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o white_a dandroof_n the_o tongue_n be_v sharp-pointed_a not_o cleave_v but_o channel_a the_o circle_n about_o the_o pupil_n of_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o pale_a yellow_a the_o foot_n be_v bare_a of_o a_o red_a colour_n as_o in_o other_o pigeon_n the_o outmost_a toe_n by_o a_o membrane_n join_v to_o the_o middlemost_a as_o far_a as_o the_o first_o joint_n the_o leg_n feather_v almost_o down_o to_o the_o foot_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v adorn_v with_o a_o semicircular_a line_n of_o white_a which_o they_o call_v a_o ring_n and_o from_o whence_o the_o bird_n take_v its_o name_n ring-dove_n both_o above_o and_o beneath_o this_o ring_n the_o neck_n as_o it_o be_v various_o object_v to_o the_o light_n appear_v of_o various_a colour_n the_o head_n and_o back_o be_v of_o a_o dark_a ash-colour_n the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v purplish_a or_o red_a with_o a_o certain_a mixture_n of_o cinereous_a the_o belly_n of_o a_o light_a ash-colour_n incline_v to_o white_a in_o the_o cock_n these_o colour_n be_v deep_a than_o in_o the_o hen._n the_o quill-feather_n in_o each_o wing_n about_o twenty_o four_o of_o which_o the_o second_o be_v the_o long_a the_o ten_o foremost_a or_o outmost_a be_v black_a the_o second_o and_o succeed_v as_o far_o as_o the_o seven_o have_v their_o utmost_a edge_n white_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o hard_a feather_n be_v of_o a_o dusky_a ash-colour_n at_o the_o bottom_n or_o rise_v of_o the_o bastard_n wing_n a_o white_a spot_n tend_v downward_o cover_v the_o nine_o ten_o eleven_o and_o twelve_o quill-feather_n the_o tail_n be_v seven_o inch_n long_o and_o make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o top_n or_o end_n for_o two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a be_v black_a the_o remain_a part_n cinereous_a the_o liver_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o lobe_n it_o have_v no_o gallbladder_n but_o a_o large_a gall-channel_n to_o convey_v the_o gall_n into_o the_o gut_n these_o bird_n in_o wintertime_n company_n together_o and_o fly_v in_o flock_n they_o build_v in_o tree_n make_v their_o nest_n of_o a_o few_o stick_n and_o straw_n they_o feed_v upon_o acorn_n and_o also_o upon_o corn_n and_o ivy_n and_o holly_n berry_n §._o viii_o the_o stock-dove_n or_o wood-pigeon_n oenas_n sive_fw-la vinago_n it_o be_v as_o big_a or_o big_a than_o a_o common_a pigeon_n the_o cock_n weigh_v fourteen_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a be_v from_o bill_n to_o tail_n fourteen_o inch_n long_o and_o between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v twenty_o six_o broad_a the_o colour_n and_o shape_n of_o the_o body_n almost_o the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o a_o common_a pigeon_n the_o bill_n also_o like_a and_o of_o equal_a length_n of_o a_o pale_a red_a colour_n the_o nostril_n be_v great_a and_o prominent_a the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n cinereous_a the_o neck_n cover_v with_o changeable_a feather_n which_o as_o they_o be_v various_o object_v to_o the_o light_n appear_v of_o a_o purple_a or_o shine_a green_a no_o silk_n like_o they_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o breast_n the_o shoulder_n and_o wing_n be_v dash_v with_o a_o purplish_a or_o red-wine_n colour_n whence_o it_o take_v the_o name_n 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the_o shaft_n and_o not_o far_o from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o feather_n the_o two_o outmost_a feather_n of_o the_o tail_n have_v the_o low_a half_o of_o their_o exterior_a vane_n white_a the_o foot_n be_v red_a the_o claw_n black_a the_o leg_n feather_v down_o a_o little_a below_o the_o knee_n the_o blind_a gut_n very_o short_a it_o have_v no_o gallbladder_n that_o we_o can_v find_v a_o large_a craw_n full_a of_o gromil_n seed_n etc._n etc._n it_o have_v a_o musculous_a stomach_n long_a testicle_n and_o a_o long_a breastbone_n §._o ix_o *_o the_o rock-pigeon_n this_o as_o mr._n johnson_n describe_v it_o to_o we_o have_v a_o small_a body_n ash-coloured_a and_o red_a leg_n but_o these_o two_o last_o note_n be_v common_a to_o most_o pigeon_n
to_o that_o of_o the_o middle_a toe_n the_o tongue_n be_v cleave_v the_o mouth_n within_o yellow_a the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o hazel_n colour_n the_o eye_n be_v furnish_v with_o nictate_v membrane_n it_o feed_v upon_o beetle_n and_o other_o infect_v and_o come_v to_o we_o in_o summertime_n it_o weigh_v half_o a_o ounce_n be_v five_o inch_n long_o and_o nine_o broad_a this_o bird_n say_v a_o late_a english_a writer_n be_v of_o a_o very_a dogged_a sullen_a temper_n for_o if_o take_v old_a and_o order_v as_o former_o direct_v in_o the_o nightingale_n he_o will_v be_v sometime_o so_o dog_v as_o in_o ten_o day_n time_n never_o to_o look_v towards_o the_o meat_n and_o when_o he_o feed_v himself_o to_o continue_v a_o whole_a month_n without_o sing_v this_o be_v also_o the_o shy_a of_o all_o bird_n for_o if_o she_o perceive_v you_o to_o mind_v she_o when_o she_o be_v building_n she_o will_v forsake_v what_o she_o have_v begin_v and_o if_o you_o touch_v a_o egg_n she_o never_o come_v to_o her_o nest_n more_o and_o if_o you_o touch_v she_o young_a one_o she_o will_v either_o starve_v they_o or_o throw_v they_o out_o of_o the_o nest_n and_o break_v their_o neck_n as_o i_o find_v by_o experience_n more_o than_o once_o the_o young_a be_v to_o be_v take_v at_o ten_o day_n old_a and_o to_o be_v feed_v and_o order_v as_o the_o nightingale_n keep_v they_o warm_v in_o winter_n and_o they_o will_v sing_v as_o well_o in_o the_o night_n as_o the_o day_n and_o will_v learn_v to_o whistle_v and_o imitate_v other_o bird_n take_a young_a and_o bring_v up_o they_o become_v gentle_a and_o very_o tame_a beside_o this_o common_a redstart_n gesner_n and_o aldrovand_n describe_v several_a other_o kind_n as_o 1._o that_o which_o aldrovandus_n make_v his_o three_o which_o gesner_n describe_v thus_o its_o forehead_n be_v mark_v with_o a_o white_a spot_n the_o feather_n under_o the_o bill_n be_v black_a the_o head_n and_o back_o be_v of_o a_o cinereous_a or_o dusky_a colour_n the_o wing-feather_n be_v dusky_a moderate_o incline_v to_o red_a the_o breast_n belly_n and_o tail_n be_v red_a but_o the_o low_a belly_n whitish_a the_o tail_n consist_v of_o 748._o eight_o feather_n for_o bigness_n this_o bird_n be_v inferior_a to_o the_o great_a titmouse_n or_o ox-eye_n equal_a to_o the_o robin-red-breast_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v black_a slender_a long_a and_o straight_o the_o four_o of_o aldrovand_n be_v in_o all_o point_n like_o this_o save_v that_o the_o white_a spot_n on_o the_o forehead_n be_v change_v into_o a_o long_a line_n the_o breast_n also_o seem_v to_o be_v more_o cinereous_a and_o the_o low_a belly_n not_o white_a 2._o the_o rotschwentzel_n of_o gesner_n so_o call_v from_o the_o redness_n of_o the_o tail_n the_o description_n whereof_o he_o take_v from_o a_o picture_n send_v he_o from_o strasburgh_n therefore_o we_o shall_v add_v no_o more_o concern_v it_o esteem_v such_o picture_n less_o exact_a and_o not_o much_o to_o be_v rely_v upon_o who_o will_n may_v see_v the_o description_n in_o gesner_n or_o aldrovand_n out_o of_o he_o 3._o the_o bird_n call_v wegflecklin_n about_o strasburgh_n gesn_a it_o be_v breast_n be_v blue_a the_o part_n between_o the_o breast_n and_o belly_n of_o a_o pale_a or_o yellowish_a red_n which_o colour_n also_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o tail_n feather_n but_o not_o to_o the_o end_n and_o those_o about_o the_o rump_n be_v of_o the_o bill_n be_v short_a the_o belly_n cinereous_a not_o white_a as_o the_o strasburgh_n picture_n represent_v it_o the_o leg_n dusky_a not_o red_a as_o in_o that_o picture_n and_o the_o feather_n under_o the_o bill_n not_o blue_a but_o dusky_a and_o particoloured_a the_o german_a name_n be_v impose_v upon_o it_o partly_o from_o the_o way_n for_o it_o be_v much_o conversant_a about_o high_a way_n road_n and_o field_n and_o thence_o as_o we_o guess_v pick_v up_o worm_n and_o seed_n that_o it_o find_v on_o the_o ground_n partly_o from_o the_o blue_a spot_n on_o its_o breast_n as_o i_o conjecture_v the_o redstart_n say_v aldrovandus_n abide_v with_o we_o all_o the_o summer_n but_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o autumn_n it_o either_o fly_v away_o or_o hide_v itself_o and_o in_o the_o springtime_n return_v to_o we_o again_o it_o feed_v upon_o the_o same_o thing_n the_o robin-red-breast_n do_v to_o wit_n fly_n crumb_n of_o bread_n ant_n egg_n and_o if_o i_o be_v not_o deceive_v spider_n too_o it_o build_v its_o nest_n in_o hollow_a tree_n chap._n viii_o the_o robin-red-breast_n or_o ruddock_n rubecula_fw-la sive_fw-la erithacus_n aldrov_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d christ_n this_o bird_n denominate_v from_o its_o red_a breast_n be_v so_o well_o know_v in_o almost_o all_o country_n that_o it_o need_v no_o long_a description_n it_o weigh_v about_o half_a a_o ounce_n be_v from_o bill_n to_o tail_n half_a a_o foot_n long_o and_o between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v about_o nine_o inch_n broad_a the_o breast_n be_v of_o a_o red_a or_o deep_a orange_n colour_n which_o colour_n compass_n also_o the_o eye_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o bill_n the_o belly_n be_v white_a the_o head_n neck_n back_o and_o tail_n of_o a_o dirty_a green_a or_o yellow_a as_o in_o thrush_n rather_o cinereous_a with_o a_o tincture_n of_o green_a a_o line_n of_o blue_a divide_v between_o the_o red_a colour_n and_o the_o cinereous_a on_o the_o head_n and_o neck_n under_o the_o wing_n be_v also_o see_v something_o of_o orange-tawny_a the_o exterior_a border_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v almost_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o back_n the_o interior_a be_v something_o yellow_a the_o tail_n be_v two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a and_o make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o bill_n be_v slender_a of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n more_o than_o half_a a_o inch_n long_o the_o tongue_n cleave_v and_o jagged_a the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o hazel_n colour_n the_o leg_n foot_n and_o claw_n of_o a_o dusky_a or_o blackish_a the_o outer_a foretoe_n join_v to_o the_o middlemost_a at_o bottom_n as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n in_o wintertime_n to_o seek_v food_n it_o enter_v into_o house_n with_o much_o confidence_n be_v a_o very_a bold_a bird_n sociable_a and_o familiar_a with_o man_n in_o the_o summertime_n as_o turner_n say_v when_o there_o be_v plenty_n of_o food_n in_o the_o wood_n and_o it_o be_v not_o pinch_v with_o cold_a it_o withdraw_v itself_o with_o its_o brood_n into_o the_o most_o desert_a place_n it_o be_v a_o solitary_a bird_n and_o feed_v single_o whence_o the_o proverb_n take_v its_o rise_n unum_n arbustum_fw-la non_fw-la alit_fw-la duos_fw-la erithaco_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o build_v its_o nest_n thus_o turner_n from_o ocular_a inspection_n it_o make_v its_o nest_n among_o the_o thick_a thorn_n and_o shrub_n in_o spiney_n where_o it_o find_v many_o oaken_a leaf_n and_o when_o it_o be_v build_v cover_v it_o with_o leaf_n not_o leave_v it_o open_v every_o way_n but_o only_o one_o passage_n to_o it_o on_o that_o side_n also_o where_o the_o entrance_n be_v it_o build_v a_o long_a porch_n of_o leaf_n before_o the_o aperture_n the_o outmost_a end_n whereof_o when_o it_o go_v forth_o to_o seek_v meat_n it_o shut_v or_o stop_v up_o with_o leaf_n what_o i_o now_o write_v i_o observe_v when_o i_o be_v very_o young_a howbeit_o i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o it_o may_v build_v also_o after_o another_o manner_n if_o any_o have_v observe_v another_o manner_n of_o building_n let_v they_o declare_v it_o and_o they_o will_v very_o much_o gratify_v such_o as_o be_v studious_a of_o these_o thing_n and_o myself_o especial_o what_o i_o have_v see_v i_o have_v candid_o impart_v the_o male_a say_v olina_n may_v be_v know_v and_o distinguish_v from_o the_o female_a by_o the_o colour_n of_o his_o leg_n which_o be_v black_a and_o by_o certain_a hair_n or_o beard_n which_o grow_v on_o each_o side_n his_o bill_n it_o feed_v upon_o worm_n and_o other_o infect_v ant_n egg_n crumb_n of_o bread_n etc._n etc._n for_o a_o song-bird_n it_o be_v by_o some_o esteem_a little_a inferior_a to_o the_o nightingale_n they_o build_v common_o three_o time_n a_o year_n in_o april_n may_n and_o june_n seldom_o have_v above_o five_o young_a one_o and_o not_o under_o four_o you_o may_v take_v they_o at_o ten_o day_n old_a if_o you_o let_v they_o lie_v too_o long_o they_o will_v be_v sullen_a feed_v they_o with_o sheep_n heart_n and_o egg_n mince_v small_a in_o all_o point_n like_o the_o nightingale_n give_v they_o but_o little_a at_o once_o and_o pretty_a often_o for_o if_o you_o give_v they_o too_o much_o they_o be_v apt_a to_o throw_v it_o up_o again_o be_v sure_o they_o lie_v warm_a for_o they_o be_v tender_a bird_n when_o they_o begin_v to_o be_v strong_a cage_n they_o
amiss_o if_o they_o grow_v melancholy_a put_v into_o their_o water_n some_o white_a sugar-candy_n and_o if_o that_o will_v not_o do_v about_o six_o or_o eight_o chive_v of_o saffron_n continue_v withal_o to_o give_v they_o the_o paste_n and_o sheep_n heart_n shred_v very_o fine_a and_o also_o three_o or_o four_o meal-worm_n a_o day_n and_o a_o few_o ant_n and_o ant_n egg_n also_o boil_v a_o new-laid_a egg_n and_o chap_v it_o small_a and_o strew_v it_o among_o the_o ant_n and_o their_o eggs._n §._o vi_o how_o to_o provoke_v a_o nightingale_n to_o sing_v to_o make_v nightingale_n sing_v more_o than_o ordinary_o or_o at_o such_o time_n as_o they_o be_v not_o wont_a give_v they_o in_o wintertime_n paste_n of_o pine_n kernel_n pound_v and_o in_o their_o drinking-cup_n a_o chive_fw-mi or_o two_o of_o saffron_n for_o those_o two_o thing_n by_o heat_a they_o render_v they_o cheerful_a and_o brisk_a without_o induce_v any_o noxious_a alteration_n and_o so_o excite_v they_o to_o sing_v that_o sympathy_n also_o which_o this_o bird_n have_v with_o music_n both_o vocal_a and_o instrumental_a be_v of_o exceed_a force_n to_o this_o purpose_n and_o therefore_o if_o in_o the_o chamber_n where_o she_o be_v keep_v there_o be_v a_o consort_n of_o sweet_a sound_n or_o voice_n she_o be_v marvellous_o provoke_v to_o sing_v many_o story_n we_o have_v of_o nightingale_n emulate_v and_o strive_v to_o outvie_v one_o another_o and_o other_o bird_n yea_o and_o man_n too_o in_o sing_v nay_o that_o sometime_o a_o bird_n will_v strain_v her_o note_n so_o to_o exceed_v that_o of_o her_o antagonist_n that_o she_o will_v fall_v down_o dead_a upon_o the_o spot_n with_o contend_v and_o over-straining_a herself_o olina_n have_v the_o receipt_n of_o a_o odoriferous_a unguent_n to_o stir_v up_o a_o nightingale_n to_o sing_v take_v of_o civet_n not_o sophisticate_a twenty_o grain_n benjamin_n and_o storax_n calamitae_fw-la of_o each_o three_o grain_n mingle_v these_o together_o in_o a_o mortar_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o soft_a ointment_n then_o diligent_o observe_v the_o bush_n and_o particular_a branch_n on_o which_o the_o nightingale_n be_v wont_a to_o sit_v and_o sing_v and_o there_o make_v as_o it_o be_v a_o little_a shelf_n of_o the_o leaf_n and_o bough_n lay_v thereon_o some_o meal-worm_n and_o anoint_v the_o branch_n next_o to_o your_o shelf_n with_o this_o unguent_n the_o nightingale_n when_o he_o return_v from_o feed_v will_v present_o fly_v up_o to_o his_o bough_n and_o find_v there_o the_o meal-worm_n will_v fall_v a_o eat_n of_o they_o and_o scent_v the_o odour_n of_o the_o ointment_n will_v begin_v to_o sing_v and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v intoxicate_v with_o the_o perfume_n will_v not_o give_v over_o nor_o stir_v from_o the_o place_n though_o you_o take_v the_o bough_n from_o about_o he_o for_o as_o the_o nightingale_n exceed_v all_o other_o bird_n in_o sing_v so_o do_v he_o also_o in_o the_o exquisiteness_n of_o his_o scent_n wherefore_o also_o when_o wild_a he_o do_v most_o willing_o haunt_v where_o sweet_a herb_n grow_v and_o be_v particular_o delight_v in_o musk_n so_o that_o a_o grain_n or_o two_o of_o true_a musk_n put_v in_o cotton_n and_o that_o in_o a_o small_a reed_n serve_v for_o he_o to_o perch_n on_o in_o his_o cage_n will_v provoke_v he_o to_o sing_v chap._n x._o the_o black-cap_n atricapilla_fw-la seu_fw-la ficedula_fw-la aldrov_n call_v by_o the_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o italian_n capo_n negro_n this_o be_v a_o very_a small_a bird_n not_o weigh_v above_o half_a a_o ounce_n its_o length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v six_o inch_n its_o breadth_n between_o the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n stretch_v out_o nine_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n be_v black_a whence_o it_o take_v its_o name_n the_o neck_n cinereous_a the_o whole_a back_n of_o a_o dark_a green_a the_o quill-feather_n in_o each_o wing_n eighteen_o in_o number_n of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n save_v that_o their_o edge_n be_v a_o little_a green_a the_o tail_n have_v twelve_o feather_n two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a and_o almost_o equal_a sharp-pointed_a of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n with_o a_o little_a tincture_n of_o green_a the_o nether_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o throat_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a ash-colour_n the_o low_a belly_n white_a tincture_v with_o yellow_a the_o bill_n straight_o slender_a black_a long_o and_o lesser_a than_o in_o the_o titmice_n the_o tongue_n cleave_v and_o rough_a the_o foot_n of_o a_o lead_n colour_n the_o claw_n black_a the_o outmost_a toe_n below_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o middlemost_a the_o head_n of_o the_o female_a be_v of_o a_o brown_a or_o chestnut_n colour_n rather_o than_o black_a this_o bird_n be_v frequent_a in_o italy_n it_o be_v also_o find_v in_o england_n but_o more_o rare_o turner_n in_o vain_a contradict_v gesner_n say_v that_o the_o first_o summer_n the_o head_n of_o these_o bird_n be_v red_a and_o afterward_o grow_v black_a and_o that_o in_o the_o cock_n only_o for_o in_o the_o hen_n it_o continue_v always_o red_a the_o ancient_n report_n that_o the_o black-cap_n atricapillae_fw-la in_o the_o begin_n of_o autumn_n be_v change_v into_o ficedulae_n or_o beccafigos_n by_o the_o mutation_n of_o their_o voice_n and_o colour_n from_o who_o till_o i_o be_v assure_v by_o experience_n i_o must_v crave_v leave_n to_o dissent_v *_o the_o four_o beccafigo_n of_o aldrovand_n the_o beccafico_n describe_v by_o aldrovand_n in_o the_o four_o and_o five_o place_n in_o his_o chapter_n of_o ficedulae_n may_v perchance_o differ_v specifical_o from_o our_o black-cap_n on_o the_o upper_a side_n head_z back_o wing_n and_o tail_n it_o be_v of_o a_o brown_a colour_n incline_v to_o a_o chestnut_n the_o female_a on_o the_o nether_a side_n be_v all_o white_a the_o male_a from_o white_a decline_v to_o cinereous_a the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n in_o the_o male_a be_v black_a with_o some_o white_a one_o intermix_v in_o the_o female_a they_o incline_v to_o a_o chestnut_n colour_n as_o do_v also_o the_o tail_n which_o in_o the_o cock_n be_v black_a contrariwise_o the_o foot_n in_o the_o cock_n incline_v to_o a_o chestnut_n colour_n in_o the_o hen_n be_v black_a beccasigo_n abound_v in_o candy_n as_o bellonius_fw-la witness_n and_o also_o in_o the_o island_n of_o cyprus_n where_o they_o be_v salt_v up_o in_o great_a number_n and_o transport_v into_o other_o country_n with_o we_o in_o england_n they_o be_v call_v by_o a_o general_a name_n cyprus-bird_n and_o be_v in_o no_o less_o esteem_n with_o our_o merchant_n for_o the_o delicacy_n of_o their_o taste_n than_o they_o be_v of_o old_a with_o the_o italian_n and_o that_o deserve_o say_v aldrovandus_n for_o feed_v upon_o two_o of_o the_o choice_a fruit_n viz._n fig_n and_o grape_n they_o must_v needs_o become_v a_o more_o wholesome_a food_n than_o other_o bird_n yield_v a_o better_a nourishment_n and_o of_o more_o easy_a concoction_n beccafigo_n be_v account_v best_o and_o most_o in_o season_n in_o the_o autumn_n as_o be_v then_o fat_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o plenty_n of_o meat_n that_o season_n afford_v they_o at_o which_o time_n they_o be_v high_o prize_v and_o covet_v by_o the_o italian_n even_o now_o adays_o chap._n xi_o the_o gloden-crowned_a wren_n regulus_n cristatus_fw-la aldrov_n lib._n 17._o cap._n 1._o the_o trochilus_n of_o pliny_n and_o 11._o aristotle_n who_o also_o call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d other_o call_v it_o by_o a_o diminutive_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o tuscany_n it_o be_v call_v fior_n rancio_n that_o be_v the_o marigold_n flower_n from_o the_o colour_n of_o its_o crest_n this_o be_v the_o least_o of_o all_o bird_n find_v with_o we_o in_o england_n weigh_v not_o more_o than_o one_o single_a drachm_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o claw_n be_v four_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n four_o and_o a_o quarter_n the_o breadth_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v six_o and_o three_o quarter_n the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n be_v adorn_v with_o a_o most_o beautiful_a bright_a spot_n which_o they_o call_v a_o crest_n of_o a_o deep_a saffron_n or_o pale_a scarlet_a colour_n hence_o it_o get_v those_o ambitious_a title_n of_o tyrant_n regulus_n and_o tyrannus_n this_o crest_n or_o crown_n if_o you_o please_v so_o to_o call_v it_o it_o can_v when_o it_o list_v by_o corrugate_a its_o forehead_n and_o draw_v the_o side_n of_o the_o spot_n together_o whole_o conceal_v and_o render_v invisible_a it_o be_v of_o a_o oblong_a figure_n and_o extend_v direct_o through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o head_n from_o the_o bill_n towards_o the_o neck_n
and_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v dusky_a have_v their_o outer_a edge_n cinereous_a the_o back_n as_o we_o say_v of_o a_o testaceous_a colour_n the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v black_a the_o neck_n beneath_o the_o head_n behind_o be_v ash-coloured_a the_o shaft_n of_o the_o head-feather_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a brown_a the_o outside_n or_o edge_n be_v of_o a_o red_a ash-colour_n the_o tail_n be_v more_o than_o three_o inch_n long_o of_o a_o dusky_a red_a colour_n without_o any_o whiteness_n save_v that_o a_o kind_n of_o dark_a shadow_n or_o appearance_n of_o white_a may_v be_v discern_v in_o the_o outmost_a feather_n it_o sing_v sit_v upon_o the_o high_a twig_n of_o tree_n and_o shrub_n it_o feed_v upon_o corn._n both_o the_o figure_n and_o description_n of_o the_o bird_n call_v strillozo_n in_o olina_n agree_v exact_o in_o all_o point_n to_o our_o bunting_n save_v only_o that_o he_o attribute_n to_o it_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o common_a lark_n than_o 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congener_fw-la 3._o of_o cenchramus_fw-la bellonii_fw-la 4._o also_o if_o we_o be_v not_o much_o mistake_v of_o calandra_n all_o which_o he_o exhibit_v for_o distinct_a species_n §._o ii_o the_o yellowhammer_n emberiza_n flava_fw-la of_o gesner_n hortulanus_fw-la of_o bellonius_fw-la luteae_fw-la alterum_fw-la genus_fw-la of_o aldrovand_n chloreus_n seu_fw-la lutea_fw-la aristotelis_fw-la of_o turner_n it_o be_v equal_a to_o a_o chaffinch_n or_o a_o little_o big_a weigh_v 1⅛_n ounce_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v six_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o foot_n but_o six_o it_o be_v bill_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a dusky_a colour_n half_o a_o inch_n long_o have_v a_o hard_a knob_v in_o the_o upper_a chap_n to_o break_v the_o grain_n of_o corn_n and_o the_o side_n of_o the_o nether_a chap_n turn_v inward_o and_o bend_v together_o like_o the_o bunting_n the_o tongue_n short_a than_o be_v usual_a in_o other_o bird_n not_o reach_v beyond_o the_o knob_v its_o tip_n horny_a and_o sharp_a slit_v into_o filament_n the_o eye_n hazel-coloured_n the_o foot_n of_o a_o horn_n colour_n the_o claw_n black_a the_o like_a cohesion_n between_o the_o outmost_a and_o middle_a toe_n at_o the_o bottom_n as_o in_o other_o bird_n the_o throat_n and_o belly_n be_v yellow_a the_o breast_n have_v something_o of_o red_a mingle_v with_o it_o as_o also_o the_o side_n under_o the_o wing_n the_o head_n be_v of_o a_o greenish_a yellow_a spot_v with_o brown_a above_o the_o shoulder_n in_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v a_o certain_a colour_n between_o green_a and_o cinereous_a or_o compound_v of_o both_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o back_n and_o shoulder_n be_v black_a the_o edge_n from_o green_a incline_v to_o red_a the_o rump_n be_v red_a the_o female_a be_v all_o over_o pale_a less_o yellow_a on_o the_o head_n less_o red_a on_o the_o breast_n and_o under_o the_o wing_n the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v dusky_a have_v their_o exterior_a edge_n from_o green_a incline_n to_o a_o sordid_a white_a the_o tail_n be_v three_o inch_n long_o compose_v of_o twelve_o feather_n something_o fork_v of_o a_o brown_a colour_n the_o middle_n two_o have_v their_o edge_n on_o both_o side_n the_o rest_n only_o their_o outside-edge_n green_a the_o two_o outmost_a on_o the_o inside_n the_o shaft_n near_o the_o tip_n be_v mark_v with_o a_o white_a spot_n cut_v the_o feather_n oblique_o it_o have_v a_o craw_n and_o a_o musculous_a stomach_n or_o gizzard_n like_o the_o granivorous_a bird_n it_o have_v also_o a_o gallbladder_n the_o blind_a gut_n as_o in_o almost_o all_o small_a bird_n be_v very_o little_a and_o short_a these_o bird_n build_v upon_o the_o ground_n be_v every_o where_o in_o england_n most_o common_a §._o iii_o aldrovandus_n his_o first_o sort_n of_o yellow-hammer_n which_o he_o call_v cirlus_n zivolo_n of_o olina_n it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o sparrow_n have_v a_o short_a thick_a bill_n the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v yellowish_a sprinkle_v with_o brown_a spot_n the_o head_n back_o wing_n and_o tail_n from_o testaceous_a incline_n to_o a_o brown_a or_o dusky_a colour_n but_o in_o the_o tail_n there_o be_v two_o feather_n on_o each_o side_n partly_o white_a and_o partly_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o rest_n between_o the_o male_a and_o the_o female_a there_o be_v this_o difference_n that_o the_o male_n have_v more_o yellow_a about_o he_o than_o the_o female_a especial_o in_o the_o upper_a part_n about_o the_o eye_n and_o in_o the_o throat_n and_o under_o the_o neck_n on_o the_o side_n where_o be_v see_v good_a large_a spot_n of_o yellow_a which_o be_v want_v in_o the_o female_a it_o abide_v for_o the_o most_o part_n on_o the_o ground_n seek_v its_o food_n there_o of_o seed_n and_o other_o thing_n and_o therefore_o when_o it_o be_v new_o take_v it_o be_v wont_n almost_o always_o to_o have_v its_o bill_n dirty_a whether_o this_o bird_n be_v specifical_o distinct_a or_o no_o from_o the_o precedent_n i_o be_o not_o full_o satisfy_v but_o because_o both_o aldrovandus_n and_o olina_n make_v it_o distinct_a i_o will_v not_o omit_v it_o olina_n call_v it_o zivolo_n from_o its_o note_n zi_fw-fr zi_fw-fr which_o it_o often_o ingeminate_v §._o iv._o the_o reed-sparrow_n passer_n torquatus_fw-la in_o arundinetis_fw-la nidisican_n perchance_o the_o passer_n arundinaceus_n of_o turner_n it_o be_v big_a than_o the_o linnet_n equal_a to_o the_o chaffinch_n the_o cock_n weigh_v three_o quarter_n of_o a_o ounce_n be_v from_o bill-point_n to_o tail-end_n six_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a broad_a between_o the_o extreme_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v ten_o inch_n the_o bill_n short_a black_a mr._n willughby_n make_v the_o upper_a mandible_a black_a the_o nether_a whitish_a like_v the_o bill_n of_o the_o hortulane_n mr._n willughby_n compare_v it_o to_o the_o chaffinche_n bill_n the_o low_a chap_n have_v its_o edge_n on_o both_o side_n bend_v inward_o be_v hollow_a in_o fashion_n of_o a_o funnel_n and_o contain_v the_o tongue_n within_o it_o beside_o near_o its_o base_a it_o rise_v up_o into_o a_o dent_n or_o angle_n on_o each_o side_n to_o which_o there_o be_v a_o notch_n or_o furrow_v correspondent_a in_o the_o upper_a chap_n to_o receive_v it_o as_o in_o the_o bunting_n bill_n the_o head_n be_v black_a the_o cheek_n about_o the_o eye_n red_a a_o ring_n of_o white_a encompass_n the_o neck_n which_o on_o each_o side_n be_v stretch_v forth_o to_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o mouth_n the_o chin_n and_o throat_n be_v black_a the_o breast_n and_o middle_n of_o the_o belly_n white_a the_o back_n and_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v particoloured_a of_o red_a and_o black_a viz._n the_o middle_a part_n of_o each_o feather_n black_a the_o outside_n red_a the_o rump_n red_a with_o a_o mixture_n of_o ash-colour_n the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v dusky_a have_v their_o exterior_a edge_n red_a the_o tip_n of_o the_o seven_o first_o or_o outmost_a be_v sharp_a of_o the_o rest_n blunt_a indent_a and_o of_o a_o ash-colour_n the_o lesser_a row_n of_o wing-feather_n have_v their_o outer_a edge_n and_o tip_n red_a be_v else_o of_o a_o ash-colour_n the_o plumage_n on_o the_o base_a or_o ridge_n of_o the_o wing_n bluish_a underneath_o the_o wing_n white_a the_o tail_n be_v two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a and_o make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n of_o which_o the_o two_o middlemost_a be_v something_o short_a than_o the_o rest_n and_o black_a their_o outward_a edge_n red_a the_o three_o next_o on_o each_o side_n be_v dark_a colour_v and_o almost_o black_a the_o exterior_a edge_n of_o the_o five_o be_v white_a the_o interior_a also_o not_o far_o from_o the_o tip_n be_v spot_v with_o white_a the_o outmost_a feather_n be_v whole_o white_a all_o
end_n in_o sharp_a point_n the_o foot_n from_o flesh_n colour_n decline_v to_o black_a the_o claw_n be_v black_a the_o outmost_a and_o middle_a toe_n join_v at_o bottom_n the_o back-toe_n great_a and_o strong_a the_o blind_a gut_n short_a and_o thick_a it_o have_v a_o gallbladder_n the_o stomach_n be_v musculous_a in_o it_o open_v we_o find_v seed_n etc._n etc._n the_o hen_n as_o in_o most_o bird_n be_v not_o so_o fair-coloured_n the_o ring_n about_o her_o neck_n be_v dark_a and_o scarce_o appear_v the_o head_n back_o shoulder_n and_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v particoloured_a of_o black_a and_o dirty_a red_a viz._n the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v black_a and_o the_o outside_n red_a at_o the_o base_a of_o the_o wing_n be_v red_a feather_n the_o throat_n be_v particoloured_a of_o red_a black_a and_o cinereous_a §._o v._o the_o hortulane_n of_o the_o italian_n hortulanus_fw-la aldrov_n tordino_n berluccio_n at_o venice_n it_o be_v equal_a and_o very_a like_a to_o the_o yellow-hammer_n that_o which_o i_o j._n r._n see_v and_o describe_v at_o florence_n seem_v to_o i_o somewhat_o less_o and_o longer-bodied_n the_o hen_n measure_v from_o bill_n to_o tail_n exceed_v seven_o inch_n length_n be_v in_o our_o usual_a way_n of_o measure_v ten_o and_o a_o half_a broad_a it_o be_v bill_n be_v short_a viz._n from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o mouth_n scarce_o half_a a_o inch_n long_o thick_a at_o base_a sharp_a at_o point_n of_o a_o red_a or_o flesh_n colour_n in_o the_o cock_n in_o the_o hen_n the_o upper_a chap_n be_v black_a the_o low_a blue_a the_o knob_v on_o the_o upper_a chap_n be_v much_o less_o than_o in_o the_o yellowhammer_n the_o side_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v sharp_a the_o upper_a mandible_a have_v on_o each_o side_n a_o angle_n or_o furrow_v impress_v to_o which_o answer_v a_o tough_a or_o angular_a eminency_n in_o the_o low_a as_o in_o the_o bunting_n the_o figure_n whereof_o for_o the_o clear_a apprehension_n and_o understanding_n of_o what_o we_o say_v be_v to_o be_v view_v the_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a dusky_a the_o claw_n black_a in_o the_o cock_n the_o leg_n be_v red_a the_o back-toe_n be_v great_a the_o inner_a and_o outer_a fore-toe_n be_v of_o equal_a length_n the_o outmost_a from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o first_o joint_n stick_v fast_o to_o the_o middlemost_a without_o any_o membrane_n intervening_a as_o in_o most_o small_a bird_n the_o throat_n and_o breast_n be_v ash-coloured_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o underside_n to_o the_o very_a tail_n be_v red_a the_o rump_n of_o a_o deep_a red_n the_o head_n of_o a_o brown_a or_o dusky_a ash-colour_n the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v black_a as_o they_o be_v likewise_o on_o the_o back_n have_v their_o edge_n of_o a_o red_a ash-colour_n in_o the_o cock_n the_o breast_n be_v more_o red_a under_o the_o bill_n be_v a_o yellow_a spot_n the_o head_n be_v of_o a_o colour_n mingle_v of_o green_a and_o cinereous_a the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o back-feather_n be_v black_a the_o edge_n of_o a_o colour_n mingle_v of_o red_a and_o cinereous_a or_o red_a and_o green_a the_o rump_n be_v green_a the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n as_o in_o almost_o all_o small_a bird_n be_v eighteen_o in_o number_n of_o which_o the_o great_a have_v their_o edge_n of_o a_o greenish_a white_a the_o lesser_a or_o interior_a of_o a_o red_a the_o tip_n of_o all_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o second_o row_n have_v their_o tip_n white_a and_o exterior_a edge_n red_a the_o tip_n of_o the_o three_o row_n be_v also_o white_a the_o edge_n of_o the_o lesser_a covert_n be_v cinereous_a the_o tail_n be_v almost_o three_o inch_n long_o and_o make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n of_o which_o the_o middle_a and_o outmost_a be_v something_o short_a than_o the_o rest_n for_o colour_v the_o two_o middlemost_a be_v of_o a_o dark_a brown_a with_o red_a edge_n the_o three_o next_o on_o both_o side_n black_a the_o outmost_a but_o one_o have_v the_o upper_a half_n of_o their_o interior_a web_n white_a the_o outmost_a have_v more_o white_a on_o the_o interior_a web_n and_o some_o also_o on_o the_o exterior_a the_o gallbladder_n be_v little_a and_o the_o gall_n within_o yellow_a it_o be_v very_o like_o our_o reed-sparrow_n with_o a_o white_a ring_n about_o its_o neck_n yet_o differ_v manifest_o from_o it_o in_o some_o mark_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o it_o be_v a_o distinct_a kind_n 1._o in_o its_o place_n this_o abide_n chief_o among_o reed_n whereas_o the_o hortulane_n frequent_v garden_n especial_o as_o the_o name_n import_v 2._o in_o colour_n the_o hortulane_n being_n more_o red_a and_o want_v the_o ring_n about_o the_o neck_n which_o this_o have_v and_o beside_o have_v a_o yellow_a spot_n under_o the_o throat_n which_o this_o want_n 24._o aldrovand_n set_v forth_o six_o kind_n or_o variety_n of_o this_o bird_n 1._o the_o first_o be_v all_o yellow_a almost_o of_o a_o straw-colour_n except_v the_o ridge_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o tip_n of_o the_o quil-feather_n which_o be_v white_a 2._o the_o second_o be_v all_o over_o white_a 3._o the_o three_o call_v also_o by_o the_o fowler_n a_o hortulane_n be_v indeed_o a_o bird_n whole_o of_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o hortulane_n but_o something_o different_a in_o colour_n it_o be_v head_n from_o cinereous_a incline_v to_o yellow_a its_o neck_n be_v cinereous_a but_o speckled_a with_o black_a its_o belly_n leg_n and_o foot_n yellow_a the_o ridge_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o the_o quil-feather_n white_a the_o other_o part_v partly_o black_a and_o partly_o cinereous_a the_o whole_a tail_n brown_a but_o yellow_a on_o the_o side_n 4._o the_o four_o have_v a_o green_a head_n and_o neck_n a_o red_a bill_n ash-coloured_a leg_n else_o it_o be_v black_a yet_o have_v it_o on_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n and_o also_o in_o two_o of_o the_o quil-feather_n only_o a_o oblong_a white_a spot_n 5._o the_o five_o i_o may_v call_v a_o white-tailed_a hortulane_n for_o its_o tail_n be_v white_a else_o it_o be_v like_o the_o common_a hortulanes_n but_o in_o all_o part_n pale_a 6._o the_o last_o some_o of_o our_o fowler_n reckon_v a_o kind_n of_o spipola_n other_o a_o kind_n of_o hortulane_n and_o indeed_o i_o shall_v make_v it_o congenerous_a rather_o to_o the_o spipolae_fw-la than_o the_o hortulanes_n for_o its_o bill_n be_v long_o and_o its_o leg_n and_o foot_n dusky_a which_o in_o the_o hortulanes_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v yellow_a it_o be_v whole_a body_n also_o be_v dusky_a the_o breast_n only_o and_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v white_a §._o vi_o *_o a_o bird_n call_v by_o ult_n aldrovand_n cirlus_n stultus_fw-la it_o be_v equal_a in_o bigness_n to_o the_o yellow-hammer_n above_o describe_v of_o the_o same_o make_v and_o habit_n of_o body_n the_o very_a same_o figure_n and_o shape_n though_o it_o differ_v in_o colour_n it_o will_v also_o willing_o fly_v to_o and_o company_n with_o they_o shut_v up_o in_o cage_n as_o to_o bird_n of_o its_o own_o feather_n and_o beside_o it_o constant_o no_o less_o than_o they_o as_o well_o fly_v as_o rest_v ingeminate_v this_o word_n ci_o ci._n whence_o also_o in_o some_o place_n as_o at_o genoa_n it_o be_v not_o undeserved_o call_v cia_n or_o for_o distinction_n sake_n cia_fw-la selvatica_fw-la or_o cia_fw-la montanina_fw-la and_o by_o our_o bolognese_n cirlomatto_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o head_n behind_o and_o all_o the_o back_o be_v adorn_v with_o a_o rusty_a ferrugineous_a colour_n distinguish_v with_o pretty_a large_a black_a spot_n from_o the_o bill_n over_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v extend_v a_o ash-coloured_a line_n tend_v to_o white_a the_o breast_n and_o all_o the_o belly_n be_v whole_o take_v up_o with_o a_o ferrugineous_a colour_n the_o prime_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o tail_n be_v blackish_a yet_o their_o outmost_a border_n terminate_v in_o a_o ferrugineous_a colour_n beside_o the_o wing_n have_v some_o white_a spot_n in_o the_o tail_n be_v one_o or_o two_o feather_n on_o each_o side_n partly_o blackish_a and_o partly_o white_a we_o have_v subjoin_v this_o bird_n to_o the_o yellow-hammer_n and_o hortulanes_n to_o which_o it_o be_v of_o kin_n though_o whether_o or_o no_o it_o proper_o pertain_v to_o this_o family_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v omit_v in_o aldrovands_n description_n we_o can_v certain_o determine_v the_o three_o book_n of_o the_o ornithology_n of_o francis_n willughby_n esq_n of_o waterfowl_n waterfowl_n be_v either_o clovenfooted_n which_o be_v much_o conversant_a in_o or_o about_o water_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n seek_v their_o food_n in_o watery_a place_n almost_o all_o these_o have_v long_a leg_n naked_a or_o bare_a of_o feather_n for_o a_o good_a way_n above_o the_o knee_n that_o they_o may_v
call_v by_o late_a writer_n butorius_fw-la and_o botaurus_n and_o by_o aristotle_n also_o ocnus_n in_o bigness_n it_o fall_v not_o much_o short_a of_o the_o common_a heron-shaw_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o claw_n be_v thirty_o eight_o inch_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n twenty_o nine_o it_o be_v head_n be_v small_a narrow_a or_o compress_v at_o side_n the_o crown_n black_a at_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n on_o each_o side_n be_v a_o black_a spot_n the_o throat_n and_o side_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v red_a with_o narrow_a transverse_a black_a line_n the_o neck_n be_v clothe_v with_o very_o long_a feather_n seem_v to_o be_v both_o short_a and_o much_o great_a than_o indeed_o it_o be_v the_o long_a feather_n on_o the_o breast_n be_v black_a in_o their_o middle_n the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o thigh_n and_o the_o low_a belly_n be_v white_a with_o a_o light_a tincture_n of_o red_a the_o outside_n of_o the_o thigh_n be_v variegated_a with_o black_a spot_n the_o back_n be_v particoloured_a of_o pale_a red_a or_o feville_a mort_fw-fr and_o black_a with_o cinereous_a also_o mingle_v the_o black_a spot_n be_v great_a there_o than_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n the_o bottom_n of_o the_o feather_n on_o the_o throat_n be_v white_a the_o great_a or_o quill-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v short_a than_o in_o the_o common_a heron._n the_o tip_n of_o the_o great_a feather_n be_v black_a else_o they_o be_v all_o variegated_a with_o transverse_a red_a and_o black_a line_n the_o lesser_a row_n of_o wing-feather_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a red_n the_o tail_n be_v very_o short_a and_o little_a make_v up_o of_o ten_o feather_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o wing-feather_n the_o black_a stroke_n or_o mark_n between_o the_o shoulder_n be_v broad_a and_o tend_v downward_o but_o the_o red_a colour_n be_v pale_a languish_v into_o a_o yellow_a it_o be_v bill_n be_v straight_o strong_a thick_a at_o the_o head_n and_o grow_a slenderer_n by_o degree_n to_o the_o point_n of_o a_o greenish_a colour_n and_o have_v sharp_a side_n or_o edge_n the_o side_n of_o the_o low_a mandible_a fall_n within_o the_o upper_a when_o the_o mouth_n be_v shut_v the_o upper_a chap_n have_v a_o long_a cranny_n or_o furrow_n or_o channel_n excavate_v on_o each_o side_n wherein_o be_v the_o nostril_n the_o tongue_n be_v sharp_a not_o cleave_v reach_v scarce_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o bill_n the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n from_o hazel_n incline_v to_o yellow_a in_o another_o bird_n they_o be_v red_a the_o slit_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v very_o wide_a run_v out_o beyond_o the_o eye_n towards_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n so_o that_o the_o eye_n seem_v to_o be_v situate_a as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o very_a bill_n under_o the_o eye_n the_o skin_n be_v bare_a of_o feather_n and_o of_o a_o green_a colour_n the_o ear_n be_v great_a and_o wide_a open_a the_o shanks_n be_v bare_a a_o little_a above_o the_o knee_n the_o foot_n green_a the_o toe_n great_a and_o very_o long_o arm_v also_o with_o long_a and_o strong_a talon_n that_o of_o the_o middle_a toe_n serrate_v on_o the_o interior_a edge_n in_o like_a manner_n and_o for_o the_o same_o purpose_n viz._n of_o hold_v fast_o eel_n and_o other_o slippery_a fish_n as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o back-claw_a which_o be_v remarkable_o thick_a and_o long_o above_o the_o rest_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v set_v in_o silver_n for_o a_o picktooth_n and_o be_v think_v to_o have_v a_o singular_a property_n of_o preserve_v the_o tooth_n the_o outmost_a fore-toe_n be_v join_v to_o the_o middlemost_a at_o bottom_n by_o a_o membrane_n they_o say_v that_o it_o give_v always_o a_o odd_a number_n of_o bomb_n at_o a_o time_n viz._n three_o or_o five_o which_o in_o my_o own_o observation_n i_o have_v find_v to_o be_v false_a it_o begin_v to_o bellow_v about_o the_o begin_n of_o february_n and_o cease_v when_o breed_a time_n be_v over_o the_o common_a people_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o thrust_v its_o bill_n into_o a_o reed_n by_o the_o help_n whereof_o it_o make_v that_o low_a or_o drum_n noise_n other_o say_v that_o it_o thrust_v its_o bill_n into_o the_o water_n or_o mud_n or_o earth_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n imitate_v the_o lowing_n of_o a_o ox._n it_o hide_v itself_o common_o among_o reed_n and_o rush_n and_o sometime_o lie_v in_o hedge_n with_o its_o neck_n and_o head_n erect_v in_o the_o autumn_n after_o sunset_n these_o bird_n be_v wont_a to_o soar_v aloft_o in_o the_o air_n with_o a_o spiral_n ascent_n so_o high_a till_o they_o get_v quite_o out_o of_o sight_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n make_v a_o singular_a kind_n of_o noise_n nothing_o like_o to_o low_v as_o for_o the_o interior_a part_n the_o annulary_a cartilage_n of_o the_o windpipe_n after_o its_o divarication_n be_v not_o entire_a or_o perfect_o round_o but_o only_a semicircular_a the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o circle_n be_v supply_v by_o a_o thin_a loose_a membrane_n they_o stand_v also_o at_o a_o great_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o than_o before_o the_o liver_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o lobe_n and_o have_v its_o gallbladder_n annex_v the_o interior_a membrane_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v wrinkle_v and_o full_a of_o papillary_a glandule_n beneath_o the_o low_a orifice_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v as_o be_v be_v a_o secondary_a stomach_n of_o a_o singular_a structure_n and_o of_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o letter_n ∽_o have_v a_o thick_a coat_n and_o be_v rugged_a and_o uneven_a with_o fold_n or_o wrinkle_n within_o the_o first_o stomach_n be_v lax_n and_o membranous_a rather_o than_o musculous_a like_o a_o dog_n stomach_n as_o bellonius_fw-la right_o compare_v it_o it_o have_v no_o craw_n only_o one_o blind_a gut_n like_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n half_o a_o inch_n long_o the_o gullet_n just_a below_o the_o bill_n may_v be_v vast_o dilate_v so_o as_o to_o admit_v a_o man_n fist_n in_o the_o stomach_n dissect_v we_o find_v the_o fur_n and_o bone_n of_o mouse_n instead_o of_o the_o transverse_a rib_n be_v only_o small_a appendix_n the_o vertebre_n next_o the_o head_n be_v bend_v downward_o all_o the_o rest_n up_o ward_n the_o breastbone_n be_v bow_n arcuate_v the_o angle_n or_o aperture_n of_o the_o breastbone_n be_v fill_v up_o with_o a_o thin_a loose_a pellucid_a membrane_n the_o gullet_n and_o windpipe_n descend_v down_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o neck_n it_o have_v also_o a_o bony_a appendix_n in_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o merrithought_n but_o less_o than_o the_o common_a heron._n it_o be_v call_v by_o late_a writer_n butorius_fw-la and_o botaurus_n because_o it_o seem_v to_o imitate_v boatum_fw-la tauri_fw-la the_o bellow_n of_o a_o bull._n the_o author_n of_o philomela_n call_v it_o butio_n but_o his_o mistake_n be_v so_o many_o that_o no_o account_n be_v to_o be_v make_v of_o his_o authority_n some_o have_v make_v it_o to_o be_v the_o onocrotalus_n because_o of_o its_o voice_n which_o to_o say_v the_o truth_n seem_v to_o i_o much_o more_o to_o imitate_v the_o bray_n of_o a_o ass_n than_o the_o low_v of_o a_o bull_n but_o pliny_n have_v so_o exact_o describe_v the_o onocrotalus_n that_o no_o man_n that_o shall_v compare_v the_o note_n with_o the_o bird_n can_v possible_o doubt_v that_o it_o be_v that_o we_o common_o call_v the_o pelecan_n though_o those_o that_o have_v see_v and_o observe_v it_o never_o hear_v it_o make_v any_o such_o bray_a noise_n when_o keep_v tame_a which_o be_v something_o strange_a unless_o perhaps_o be_v discontent_v with_o its_o captivity_n it_o delight_v not_o to_o make_v that_o noise_n it_o do_v when_o at_o liberty_n the_o bittern_n be_v say_v above_o all_o other_o bird_n to_o strike_v at_o man_n eye_n it_o build_v upon_o the_o ground_n common_o in_o a_o tuft_n of_o rush_n lay_v four_o or_o five_o egg_n of_o a_o round_a figure_n and_o whitish_a colour_n incline_v to_o cinereous_a or_o green_a not_o spot_v at_o all_o this_o without_o doubt_n be_v that_o bird_n our_o common_a people_n call_v the_o night-raven_n and_o have_v such_o a_o dread_n of_o imagine_v it_o cry_v portend_v no_o less_o than_o their_o death_n or_o the_o death_n of_o some_o of_o their_o near_a relation_n for_o it_o fly_v in_o the_o night_n answer_v their_o description_n of_o be_v like_o a_o flag_a collar_n and_o have_v such_o a_o kind_n of_o hooping_a cry_n as_o they_o talk_v of_o §._o xiii_o *_o aldrovandus_fw-la his_o three_o sort_n of_o speckled_a heron._n this_o bird_n send_v from_o epidaurus_n be_v all_o over_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o colour_n to_o wit_n red_a deep_a above_o light_a underneath_o this_o same_o or_o at_o least_o one_o very_o like_a to_o it_o take_v in_o our_o fen_n have_v
a_o bill_n a_o palm_n long_o of_o a_o horny_a colour_n straight_o and_o sharp-pointed_a the_o upper_a mandible_a be_v a_o little_a hook_a at_o the_o end_n and_o long_o than_o the_o nether_a with_o some_o blackness_n the_o crown_n be_v black_a the_o neck_n ferrugineous_a two_o palm_n long_o the_o back_n be_v black_a and_o so_o be_v the_o tail_n which_o be_v very_o short_a the_o rump_n beneath_o white_a the_o wing_n partly_o ferrugineous_a partly_o white_a the_o leg_n nine_o inch_n long_o the_o iris_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v yellow_a this_o seem_v as_o yet_o to_o be_v a_o young_a bird_n that_o have_v not_o mew_v its_o first_o feather_n §._o fourteen_o the_o great_a speckle_v or_o red_a heron_n of_o aldrovand_n this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o bastard_n kind_a between_o the_o bittour_n and_o the_o common_a heron_n but_o to_o partake_v more_o of_o the_o common_a heron_n whence_o it_o will_v be_v more_o right_o entitle_v the_o ash-coloured_a or_o blue_a heron_n with_o red_a breast_n and_o side_n in_o its_o bigness_n shape_n and_o serrate_v claw_v it_o agree_v with_o the_o common_a heron._n the_o crown_n of_o its_o head_n be_v black_a adorn_v with_o a_o long_a crest_n it_o be_v back_o ash-coloured_a but_o dark_a than_o the_o common_a heron_n on_o the_o shoulder_n grow_v long_o red_a bristly_a hair_n the_o lesser_a covert-feather_n of_o the_o inner_a side_n of_o the_o leg_n be_v red_a the_o thigh_n be_v white_a dash_v with_o red_a near_o the_o breast_n on_o both_o side_n be_v a_o broad_a red_a stroke_n the_o middle_n of_o the_o throat_n be_v particoloured_a with_o black_a and_o pale_a red_a spot_n down_o the_o side_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v a_o black_a line_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o two_o red_a one_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n under_o the_o long_a feather_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a red_a in_o other_o particular_n it_o agree_v with_o the_o common_a heron._n it_o have_v but_o one_o single_a blind-gut_n a_o huge_a gallbladder_n the_o rib_n tend_v straight_o downward_o from_o the_o vertebres_fw-es of_o the_o back_n like_o those_o of_o quadruped_n the_o gut_n be_v small_a and_o slender_a the_o remnant_n of_o the_o passage_n convey_v the_o yolk_n into_o the_o gut_n be_v plain_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o blind_a gut_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o intestine_n the_o pipe_n convey_v gall_n from_o the_o gallbladder_n to_o the_o gut_n and_o the_o liver_n porus_n bilarius_fw-la do_v not_o concur_v in_o one_o common_a passage_n but_o continue_v their_o channel_n several_a and_o distinct_a and_o perforate_v the_o gut_n in_o two_o place_n but_o near_o one_o to_o the_o other_o §._o xv._n *_o the_o brasilian_n soco_n of_o marggrave_n it_o be_v a_o waterfowl_n of_o which_o here_o in_o brasil_n many_o sort_n may_v be_v observe_v it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o lesser_a heron_n have_v a_o straight_a black_a and_o sharp-pointed_a bill_n two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a thick_a where_o it_o be_v thick_a it_o be_v head_n be_v like_o a_o heron_n as_o be_v also_o its_o neck_n be_v a_o foot_n long_o its_o eye_n black_a with_o a_o golden_a golden_a circle_n the_o wing_n and_o tail_n be_v equal_o extend_v end_v together_o for_o the_o tail_n be_v short_a be_v not_o of_o above_o five_o inch_n length_n the_o leg_n be_v sufficient_o long_a above_o the_o knee_n four_o inch_n and_o as_o many_o below_o each_o foot_n have_v four_o toe_n three_o stand_v forward_o and_o one_o backward_o the_o thigh_n above_o the_o knee_n be_v above_o half_a way_n bare_a of_o feather_n cover_v with_o a_o dusky_a skin_n the_o head_n and_o neck_n be_v clothe_v with_o brown_a feather_n variegated_a with_o small_a speck_n along_o the_o low_a side_n of_o the_o neck_n down_o as_o low_a as_o the_o breast_n be_v a_o line_n draw_v of_o white_a feather_n mix_v with_o black_a and_o brown_a one_o the_o back_n and_o wing_n be_v indeed_o black_a but_o variegated_a or_o powder_v with_o very_o small_a yellow_a speck_n or_o point_n the_o belly_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o back_n under_o the_o wing_n be_v black_a feather_n spot_v with_o white_a §._o xvi_o *_o the_o brasilian_n heron_n call_v cocoi_fw-fr of_o marggrave_n it_o be_v a_o elegant_a bird_n of_o almost_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o stork_n have_v a_o straight_a sharp_a bill_n about_o six_o inch_n long_o which_o be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a green_a at_o its_o rise_n crystal_n eye_n with_o a_o golden_a circle_n the_o skin_n about_o the_o eye_n bare_a and_o ash-coloured_a the_o length_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v fifteen_o inch_n of_o the_o body_n ten_o of_o the_o tail_n five_o the_o tail_n and_o wing_n equal_o extend_v the_o upper_a leg_n be_v feather_v half_o down_o be_v eight_o inch_n long_o the_o low_a be_v but_o six_o and_o a_o half_a cover_v with_o a_o ash-coloured_a skin_n the_o foot_n have_v four_o toe_n dispose_v in_o the_o usual_a manner_n the_o middle_a the_o long_a the_o rest_n short_a all_o arm_a with_o crooked_a dusky_a claw_n the_o throat_n and_o all_o the_o neck_n be_v white_a the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n and_o side_n of_o a_o black_a colour_n mix_v with_o cinereous_a it_o carry_v on_o the_o head_n a_o elegant_a erect_v crest_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n from_o which_o two_o neat_a feather_n hang_v down_o backward_o of_o a_o black_a colour_n incline_v to_o cinereous_a each_o five_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a the_o foreside_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v spot_v longways_o or_o down_o its_o length_n with_o feather_n mix_v of_o black_a and_o cinereous_a in_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n before_o it_o have_v long_o white_a fine_a delicate_a feather_n hang_v down_o which_o we_o be_v wont_a to_o wear_v in_o our_o cap_n the_o whole_a back_o wing_n and_o tail_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a ash-colour_n mingle_v with_o a_o little_a white_a the_o upper_a half_n of_o the_o leg_n upper_a be_v invest_v with_o white_a feather_n along_o the_o length_n of_o the_o back_o be_v extend_v fine_a elegant_a ash-coloured_a feather_n for_o their_o figure_n and_o structure_n like_o those_o on_o the_o neck_n it_o be_v good_a meat_n §._o xvii_o *_o the_o brasilian_n heron_n with_o a_o serrate_n bill_n of_o marggrave_n it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o tame_a duck_n or_o a_o little_o big_a have_v a_o straight_a sharp_a bill_n the_o fore-half_a as_o well_o above_o as_o beneath_o double_o serrate_v four_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a it_o have_v the_o head_n and_o neck_n of_o a_o heron_n a_o black_a pupil_n with_o a_o golden_a circle_n its_o neck_n be_v a_o foot_n long_o its_o body_n five_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a its_o tail_n four_o wherewith_o the_o wing_n end_n the_o whole_a leg_n be_v nine_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a the_o upper_a to_o the_o middle_a part_n only_o cover_v with_o feather_n the_o low_a half_o be_v bare_a in_o each_o foot_n four_o toe_n after_o the_o usual_a manner_n the_o upper_a bill_n be_v dusky_a but_o towards_o the_o rise_n of_o a_o yellowish_a green_a the_o whole_a head_n and_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v cover_v with_o long_a feather_n of_o a_o pale_a yellow_a colour_n wave_v with_o black_a under_o the_o throat_n it_o be_v white_a the_o neck_n beneath_o the_o breast_n and_o low_a belly_n have_v white_a feather_n wave_v with_o brown_a which_o brown_a be_v round_n about_o edge_a with_o yellow_a the_o whole_a back_n and_o wing_n be_v cover_v with_o dusky_a feather_n wave_v with_o yellow_a the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v mix_v of_o equal_a part_n of_o black_a and_o green_a their_o tip_n be_v white_a the_o tail_n consist_v of_o such_o feather_n as_o the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n but_o cross_v with_o white_a line_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a grey_a colour_n the_o claw_n dusky_a it_o be_v flesh_n be_v eat_v and_o taste_v like_o that_o of_o other_o heron_n §._o xviii_o *_o guiratinga_fw-mi of_o the_o brasilian_n call_v by_o the_o portague_n garza_n that_o be_v a_o heron._n marggrave_n it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o spoon-bill_n or_o pelecan_n of_o gesner_n and_o the_o same_o shape_n of_o body_n it_o walk_v erect_v with_o its_o long_a neck_n and_o extend_a bill_n which_o be_v straight_o sharp_a yellow_a four_o inch_n long_o the_o upper_a part_n thereof_o black_a the_o lower_z white_z it_o have_v long_a leg_n like_o a_o heron_n of_o about_o six_o inch_n the_o toe_n be_v after_o the_o usual_a manner_n the_o leg_n outward_o as_o also_o the_o foot_n be_v yellow_a inward_o mix_v of_o green_a and_o dusky_a the_o whole_a body_n be_v cover_v with_o milkwhite_a feather_n on_o the_o neck_n be_v most_o elegant_a white_a feather_n more_o fine_a than_o ostrich_n it_o be_v a_o waterfowl_n and_o its_o upper_a leg_n be_v for_o some_o space_n bear_v of_o feather_n §._o xix_o *_o
back-feather_n be_v black_a the_o tail_n and_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o dusky_a ash-colour_n as_o in_o goose_n the_o end_n of_o the_o quil-feather_n black_a the_o tail_n be_v about_o seven_o inch_n long_o make_v up_o of_o twenty_o or_o twenty_o two_o feather_n of_o almost_o equal_a length_n save_v that_o the_o outmost_a be_v a_o little_o short_a than_o the_o middlemost_a each_o wing_n have_v twenty_o eight_o quil-feather_n the_o bill_n towards_o the_o head_n be_v of_o a_o lead-colour_n the_o end_n be_v yellowish_a the_o upper_a mandible_a broad_a and_o flat_a the_o nether_a as_o it_o be_v two_o long_a rib_n or_o spar_v join_v at_o one_o end_n with_o a_o thick_a yellow_a skin_n intercede_v which_o reach_v backward_o to_o the_o throat_n beyond_o the_o bill_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v a_o little_a knob_v or_o protuberance_n but_o the_o utmost_a tip_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v hook_v the_o nostril_n be_v situate_a at_o the_o base_a of_o the_o bill_n near_o the_o head_n above_o the_o cranny_n or_o furrow_n run_v along_o the_o length_n of_o the_o bill_n as_o in_o the_o soland-goose_n and_o be_v round_o the_o eye_n be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a ash-colour_n or_o rather_o whitish_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n of_o a_o lead_n colour_n the_o shank_n bare_a above_o the_o knee_n all_o the_o four_o toe_n be_v webed_n together_o as_o aldrovand_n have_v right_o observe_v we_o see_v and_o describe_v this_o bird_n in_o the_o royal_a aviary_n in_o st._n james_n park_n near_o westminster_n the_o emperor_n of_o russia_n by_o his_o ambassador_n send_v to_o his_o majesty_n in_o the_o year_n 166â—_n among_o other_o rarity_n present_v the_o king_n with_o two_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n franciscus_n stellutus_fw-la in_o a_o letter_n to_o animal_n jo._n faber_n at_o rome_n describe_v a_o pelecan_n he_o see_v at_o fabriano_n thus_o this_o bird_n be_v much_o big_a than_o the_o big_a goose_n yea_o equal_a to_o or_o big_a than_o a_o swan_n that_o which_o gesner_n describe_v weigh_v twenty_o four_o pound_n of_o twelve_o ounce_n the_o pound_n of_o aldrovand_n two_o one_o weigh_v eighteen_o pound_n the_o other_o twenty_o five_o of_o a_o whitish_a colour_n yet_o not_o pure_o white_a but_o cloud_v with_o something_o of_o dusky_a or_o red_a nor_o be_v this_o colour_n uniform_a all_o the_o body_n over_o for_o the_o wing-feather_n be_v dark_a than_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n its_o foot_n be_v make_v up_o of_o three_o toe_n join_v together_o by_o a_o membrane_n and_o a_o heel_n behind_o here_o by_o inadvertency_n i_o suppose_v stellutus_fw-la be_v mistake_v for_o all_o four_o toe_n be_v webed_n together_o the_o bill_n almost_o as_o long_o as_o one_o arm_n but_o not_o tooth_v the_o tip_n of_o the_o upper_a chap_n be_v bend_v downward_o with_o a_o hook_n like_o the_o claw_n of_o some_o bird_n i_o can_v not_o see_v any_o tongue_n neither_o can_v faber_n who_o see_v this_o same_o bird_n afterward_o at_o rome_n find_v the_o tongue_n though_o he_o search_v diligent_o for_o it_o but_o where_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v fix_v i_o observe_v certain_a perforate_a body_n on_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n there_o stand_v up_o some_o feather_n elevate_v above_o the_o rest_n imitate_v a_o crest_n the_o bag_n which_o hang_v down_o under_o the_o bill_n and_o which_o make_v the_o pelecan_n great_o different_a from_o other_o bird_n be_v membranaceous_a which_o it_o sometime_o contract_n and_o draw_v up_o so_o to_o the_o bill_n that_o it_o be_v scarce_o conspicuous_a other_o time_n it_o suffer_v to_o be_v so_o dilate_v as_o to_o receive_v and_o contain_v many_o faber_n say_v thirty_o pound_n of_o water_n the_o membrane_n be_v so_o stretch_v and_o distend_v that_o it_o appear_v transparent_a many_o fibre_n and_o vein_n run_v up_o and_o down_o through_o it_o i_o wonder_v most_o they_o be_v faber_n word_n when_o the_o bill_n be_v open_v very_o wide_a i_o see_v the_o whole_a head_n of_o a_o man_n of_o great_a stature_n receive_v in_o that_o vast_a gulf_n of_o the_o bill_n craw._n in_o the_o head_n i_o discover_v two_o manifest_a but_o small_a hole_n reach_v to_o the_o brain_n which_o serve_v for_o smell_v want_v a_o tongue_n it_o must_v make_v that_o uncouth_a sound_n like_o the_o bray_n of_o a_o ass_n by_o the_o help_n of_o its_o larynx_n only_o i_o hear_v not_o this_o but_o the_o keeper_n of_o this_o bird_n that_o carry_v it_o up_o and_o down_o to_o show_v when_o he_o provoke_v it_o strike_v it_o on_o the_o bill_n and_o the_o bird_n seem_v angry_a and_o ready_a to_o peck_v or_o strike_v with_o its_o bill_n so_o that_o it_o will_v sometime_o catch_v hold_n of_o his_o hand_n it_o make_v a_o noise_n somewhat_o like_o the_o cry_n of_o a_o goose_n and_o that_o a_o small_a and_o hoarse_a one_o the_o noble_a lord_n jo._n carolus_n schaad_n relate_v to_o i_o that_o a_o great_a while_n since_o there_o be_v three_o pelecan_n shoot_v in_o the_o river_n danow_n run_v through_o bavaria_n two_o of_o which_o be_v kill_v the_o three_o bring_v alive_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n court_n where_o it_o live_v forty_o year_n it_o be_v much_o delight_v in_o the_o company_n and_o conversation_n of_o man_n and_o in_o music_n both_o vocal_a and_o instrumental_a for_o it_o will_v willing_o stand_v by_o those_o that_o sing_v or_o sound_v the_o trumpet_n and_o stretch_v out_o its_o head_n and_o turn_v its_o ear_n to_o the_o music_n listen_v very_o attentive_o to_o that_o sweet_a harmony_n though_o its_o own_o voice_n be_v say_v to_o be_v like_o the_o bray_n of_o a_o ass_n this_o confirm_v what_o we_o read_v in_o aldrovand_n of_o the_o age_n of_o the_o pelecan_n which_o be_v keep_v fifty_o year_n at_o mechlin_n and_o be_v very_o believe_v to_o be_v eighty_o year_n old_a thus_o far_o faber_n it_o be_v singular_a in_o this_o bird_n that_o its_o bone_n be_v pellucid_a solid_a without_o any_o marrow_n at_o all_o within_o and_o that_o the_o division_n of_o the_o windpipe_n into_o two_o branch_n be_v near_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o stomach_n which_o i_o never_o observe_v in_o any_o other_o bird_n say_v aldrovand_n this_o bird_n feed_v upon_o fish_n as_o do_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n faber_n see_v it_o swallow_v two_o fresh_a hakes_n that_o weigh_v about_o four_o pound_n whole_a many_o of_o they_o frequent_v the_o river_n danow_n but_o breed_v not_o there_o bellonius_fw-la say_v he_o see_v flock_n of_o onocrotali_n in_o egypt_n olaus_n magnus_n write_v that_o they_o be_v frequent_a in_o the_o northern_a country_n oviedus_fw-la report_n that_o there_o be_v often_o see_v a_o great_a flock_n of_o they_o about_o panama_n in_o the_o west_n indies_n where_o they_o breed_v on_o the_o adjacent_a rock_n and_o islandr_n there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o they_o likewise_o on_o the_o caspian_a sea_n of_o old_a time_n it_o seem_v they_o have_v frequent_v the_o coast_n of_o italy_n about_o ravenna_n for_o martial_a have_v it_o turpe_fw-la ravennatis_fw-la guttur_fw-la onocrotali_fw-la matthiolus_n make_v they_o very_o common_a in_o the_o seacoast_n of_o tuscany_n especial_o about_o the_o cape_n argentaro_n be_v frequent_o find_v about_o port_n hercole_n and_o the_o lake_n of_o urbicello_n where_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v they_o agrotti_n what_o credit_n this_o deserve_v say_v faber_n i_o know_v not_o this_o i_o know_v that_o many_o of_o matthiolus_n his_o country_n man_n have_v scarce_o ever_o see_v so_o much_o as_o the_o picture_n of_o a_o onocrotalus_n which_o if_o they_o be_v so_o common_a there_o will_v not_o sure_o be_v account_v such_o strange_a thing_n as_o to_o be_v carry_v about_o to_o show_v at_o rome_n and_o in_o other_o place_n of_o italy_n chap._n ii_o the_o soland_n goose_n anser_n bassanus_n in_o bigness_n it_o equal_v a_o tame_a goose_n it_o be_v by_o measure_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o foot_n thirty_o four_o inch_n long_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n thirty_o nine_o its_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o extraordinary_a length_n for_o be_v extend_v their_o extreme_a tip_n be_v seventy_o two_o inch_n distant_a it_o be_v bill_n be_v long_o straight_o of_o a_o dark_a ash-colour_n a_o little_a crooked_a at_o the_o point_n have_v on_o each_o side_n not_o far_o from_o the_o hook_n a_o angular_a appendix_n or_o tooth_n like_o the_o bill_n of_o some_o rapacious_a bird_n beyond_o the_o eye_n the_o skin_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o head_n be_v bare_a of_o feather_n as_o in_o the_o cormorant_n the_o palate_n and_o all_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v black_a the_o slit_n of_o the_o mouth_n huge_a wide_a at_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o hyoide_n upsilon-like_a bone_n be_v a_o very_a small_a tongue_n the_o ear_n of_o a_o mean_a size_n the_o eye_n hazel-coloured_n in_o another_o bird_n
kill_v we_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o see_v at_o hand_n it_o be_v of_o the_o big_a of_o this_o kind_n equal_a to_o or_o big_a than_o a_o tame_a duck._n its_o bill_n be_v strong_a big_a and_o short_a than_o in_o other_o great_a gull_n black_a hook_a at_o the_o end_n and_o seem_v to_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o skin_n from_o the_o base_a to_o the_o nostril_n as_o in_o land-bird_n of_o prey_n its_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v black_a its_o toe_n arm_v with_o strong_a crooked_a claw_n such_o as_o we_o never_o before_o observe_v in_o any_o whole-footed_n fowl_n the_o colour_n of_o the_o back_n be_v a_o rusty_a cinereous_a or_o brown_a like_o that_o of_o a_o buzzard_n its_o belly_n and_o underside_n pale_a the_o great_a quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v black_a the_o tail_n also_o be_v black_a about_o seven_o inch_n long_o make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n of_o which_o the_o two_o middlemost_a be_v somewhat_o long_o than_o the_o rest_n the_o bottom_n of_o the_o feather_n as_o well_o of_o the_o tail_n as_o wing-quil_n be_v white_a the_o length_n of_o the_o bill_n from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v no_o more_o than_o two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a the_o angular_a prominence_z on_o the_o low_a chap_n be_v small_a and_o scarce_o conspicuous_a happen_v to_o read_v over_o the_o description_n of_o hoiers_n skua_n in_o the_o auctarium_fw-la of_o clusius_n his_o exotics_n pag._n 367._o i_o find_v it_o exact_o to_o agree_v with_o we_o so_o that_o i_o do_v not_o at_o all_o doubt_n but_o this_o bird_n be_v the_o skua_n of_o hoier_n clusius_n his_o description_n be_v more_o full_a than_o we_o i_o shall_v here_o subjoin_v the_o bird_n send_v i_o by_o hoier_n be_v say_v he_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o great_a gull_n from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o neck_n to_o the_o rump_n nine_o inch_n long_o the_o compass_n of_o its_o body_n measure_v under_o its_o wing_n be_v sixteen_o inch_n the_o neck_n from_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n to_o the_o back_o be_v seven_o inch_n long_o the_o head_n not_o very_o great_a nor_o the_o bill_n flat_a but_o rather_o long_a and_o narrow_a on_o the_o part_n next_o the_o head_n rugged_a and_o rough_a towards_o the_o point_n smooth_a black_a and_o crooked_a almost_o like_o those_o of_o rapacious_a bird_n or_o gull_n not_o exceed_v the_o length_n of_o two_o inch_n the_o wing_n be_v almost_o seventeen_o inch_n long_o reach_v something_o further_a than_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n the_o four_o great_a quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v black_a not_o white_a at_o the_o tip_n as_o hoier_n write_v unless_o perchance_o he_o have_v observe_v that_o mark_n in_o other_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n from_o the_o quill_n or_o naked_a part_n i_o find_v they_o to_o be_v white_a half_a way_n up_o the_o feather_n as_o be_v also_o the_o three_o great_a and_o uppermost_a tail-feather_n below_o where_o they_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o rump_n the_o upper_a part_n be_v black_a as_o in_o the_o quil-feather_n as_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o feather_n invest_v the_o body_n they_o be_v of_o a_o colour_n between_o black_a and_o cinereous_a but_o the_o black_a predominant_a and_o do_v near_o resemble_v the_o feather_n of_o a_o bald_a buzzard_n or_o kite_n the_o leg_n be_v place_v backward_o in_o the_o hindmost_a part_n of_o the_o body_n at_o in_o most_o waterfowl_n above_o the_o knee_n they_o be_v very_o short_a below_o the_o knee_n down_o to_o the_o foot_n almost_o three_o inch_n long_o the_o foot_n be_v flat_a have_v three_o toe_n and_o a_o short_a heel_n the_o outmost_a toe_n next_o in_o length_n to_o the_o middlemost_a consist_v of_o four_o joint_n the_o middle_n which_o be_v the_o long_a of_o three_o the_o inmost_a which_o be_v the_o short_a of_o two_o and_o the_o heel_n or_o back-toe_n of_o one_o all_o end_n in_o sharp_a crooked_a claw_n and_o join_v together_o by_o a_o black_a membrane_n or_o cartilege_n to_o the_o very_a claw_n the_o characteristic_a note_n of_o this_o species_n be_v 1._o the_o thickness_n 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gannet_n fly_v but_o can_v not_o kill_v one_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v very_o strong_a bird_n long-winged_n and_o fly_v swift_o §._o ii_o *_o aldrovandus_fw-la his_fw-la catarracta_fw-la it_o come_v near_o to_o the_o bird_n last_o describe_v it_o say_v he_o exact_o resemble_v a_o goshawk_n to_o which_o our_o bird_n also_o answer_v very_o well_o both_o in_o bigness_n and_o figure_n and_o in_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o body_n so_o that_o you_o can_v scarce_o distinguish_v they_o for_o on_o the_o upper_a side_n like_o that_o it_o be_v variegated_a with_o brown_a white_a and_o yellow_a mingle_v on_o the_o under_o side_n it_o be_v all_o white_a spot_v with_o brown_a as_o the_o picture_n show_v aristotle_n also_o write_v that_o it_o be_v less_o than_o a_o hawk_n and_o that_o it_o have_v a_o large_a and_o broad_a throat_n or_o gullet_n which_o last_o note_n agree_v exact_o to_o my_o bird_n though_o indeed_o other_o gull_n also_o have_v a_o wide_a throat_n as_o well_o as_o this_o but_o i_o think_v aristotle_n liken_v it_o to_o a_o hawk_n not_o only_o for_o its_o bigness_n but_o because_o it_o be_v alike_o spot_v and_o especial_o because_o it_o prey_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o hawk_n and_o for_o that_o purpose_n be_v endue_v with_o a_o bill_n for_o the_o bigness_n of_o its_o body_n very_o great_a and_o strong_a sharp-pointed_a also_o and_o the_o upper_a chap_n more_o than_o ordinary_o hook_v it_o be_v a_o inch_n thick_a and_o of_o a_o deep_a black_a the_o neck_n also_o be_v pretty_a long_a the_o head_n lesser_a than_o in_o gull_n the_o wing_n in_o length_n be_v even_o with_o the_o tail_n the_o tail_n be_v a_o palm_n long_o and_o black_a the_o hip_n cover_v with_o feather_n to_o the_o knee_n which_o in_o other_o gull_n be_v not_o so_o but_o bare_a a_o little_a high_o its_o leg_n foot_n and_o intervening_a membrane_n cinereous_a the_o claw_n black_a crooked_a and_o small_a it_o differ_v from_o our_o catarracta_fw-la chief_o 1._o in_o the_o 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palate_n tongue_n eye_n the_o foot_n talon_n colour_n of_o the_o head_n neck_n rump_n body_n the_o prime_a wing-feather_n the_o wing_n the_o train_n the_o entrail_n and_o gut_n gut_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 4._o ornithol_n it_o be_v bigness_n beak_n the_o pygarg_n of_o aldrovand_n pupil_n colour_n of_o the_o head_n and_o neck_n back_o belly_n the_o train_n the_o leg_n and_o talon_n it_o be_v bigness_n and_o length_n it_o be_v beak_n colour_n the_o leg_n foot_n toe_n it_o be_v food_n the_o etymology_n of_o the_o name_n it_o be_v bill_n eye_n the_o head_n crest_n the_o wing_n tail_n colour_n the_o foot_n it_o be_v voice_n food_n it_o be_v bigness_n beak_n mouth_n eye_n head_n the_o neck_n bare_a of_o feather_n stare_v hair-like_a feather_n the_o back_n colour_n of_o the_o body_n tail_n foot_n it_o be_v length_n the_o bill_n the_o head_n the_o colour_n colour_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o understand_v clear_o the_o author_n meaning_n in_o these_o word_n the_o tail_n foot_n talon_n it_o be_v beak_n 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the_o foot_n the_o entrail_n and_o food_n the_o nest_n and_o eggs._n the_o species_n of_o lesser_a butcher-bird_n butcher-bird_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o marggr_n lib._n 5._o cap._n ult_n ult_n to_z and_o fro_o or_o backward_o and_o forward_o forward_o shaft_n of_o feather_n it_o be_v bigness_n colour_n head_n it_o be_v bill_n wing_n wing_n of_o the_o colour_n of_o gold_n colour_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n colour_n of_o the_o head_n bill_n tongue_n breast_n wing_n back_o the_o tail_n tail_n the_o great_a bird_n of_o paradise_n paradise_n footless_a footless_a a_o hand-breadth_n hand-breadth_n close_o together_o together_o i_o suppose_v he_o mean_v those_o two_o long_a nerve_n or_o naked_a shaft_n of_o feather_n it_o be_v length_n bill_n tongue_n eye_n nostril_n colour_n of_o the_o underside_n of_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o wing-feather_n the_o tail_n the_o foot_n toe_n and_o claw_n it_o be_v food_n it_o
partridge_n be_v before_o he_o then_o make_v he_o lie_v close_o and_o take_v a_o large_a ring_n about_o he_o look_v for_o the_o partridge_n when_o you_o have_v find_v they_o if_o you_o see_v he_o have_v set_v they_o too_o far_o off_o you_o shall_v make_v he_o creep_v on_o his_o belly_n near_o else_o let_v he_o lie_v close_o without_o stir_v and_o then_o draw_v your_o net_n take_v the_o partridge_n encourage_v your_o dog_n by_o give_v he_o the_o head_n neck_n and_o pinion_n of_o the_o partridge_n and_o also_o bread_n or_o other_o food_n but_o if_o he_o chance_v by_o any_o rudeness_n or_o want_n of_o take_v heed_n to_o spring_v they_o again_o you_o shall_v correct_v he_o as_o before_o and_o lead_v he_o home_o in_o your_o string_n and_o tie_v he_o up_o that_o night_n give_v he_o nothing_o but_o a_o bit_n of_o bread_n and_o water_n and_o the_o next_o day_n take_v he_o out_o and_o do_v as_o before_o but_o with_o somewhat_o more_o terror_n and_o harshness_n and_o doubtless_o the_o dog_n 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pheasant_n partridge_n pigeon_n duck_n heron_n hare_n 27._o or_o other_o game_n or_o take_v or_o destroy_v the_o egg_n of_o pheasant_n partridge_n or_o swan_n in_o pain_n of_o 20_o s._n or_o imprisonment_n for_o every_o fowl_n hare_n or_o egg_n and_o to_o find_v surety_n in_o 20_o l._n not_o to_o offend_v in_o the_o like_a kind_n no_o person_n shall_v keep_v dog_n or_o net_n to_o take_v or_o kill_v any_o of_o the_o last_o mention_v game_n unless_o qualify_v as_o in_o the_o act_n in_o pain_n of_o 30_o s._n no_o person_n to_o buy_v or_o sell_v any_o partridge_n or_o pheasant_n upon_o pain_n to_o forfeit_v 20_o s._n for_o every_o pheasant_n and_o 10_o s._n for_o every_o partridge_n no_o person_n to_o betwice_o punish_v for_o one_o offence_n person_n be_v to_o be_v license_v in_o session_n to_o kill_v hawk_n meat_n and_o to_o become_v bind_v in_o 20_o l._n not_o to_o kill_v any_o of_o the_o say_a game_n nor_o to_o shoot_v within_o 600_o pace_n of_o a_o heronry_n within_o 100_o pace_n of_o a_o pigeon_n house_n or_o in_o a_o park_n forest_n or_o chase_n whereof_o his_o master_n be_v not_o owner_n or_o keeper_n every_o person_n have_v hawk_v at_o or_o destroy_v any_o pheasant_n or_o partridge_n between_o 11._o the_o first_o of_o july_n and_o last_o of_o august_n shall_v forfeit_v 40_o s._n for_o every_o time_n so_o hawk_v and_o 20_o s._n for_o every_o pheasant_n or_o partridge_n so_o destroy_v or_o take_v this_o offence_n to_o be_v prosecute_v within_o six_o month_n after_o it_o be_v commit_v lord_n of_o manor_n and_o their_o servant_n may_v take_v pheasant_n or_o partridge_n in_o their_o own_o ground_n or_o precinct_n in_o the_o day_n time_n between_o michaelmas_n and_o christmas_n every_o person_n of_o a_o mean_a condition_n have_v kill_v or_o take_v any_o pheasant_n or_o partridge_n shall_v forfeit_v 20_o s._n for_o each_o one_o so_o kill_v and_o shall_v become_v bind_v in_o 20_o l._n not_o to_o offend_v so_o again_o constable_n and_o headborough_n upon_o warrant_n to_o 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be_v receive_v in_o the_o upper_a the_o membrane_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o forehead_n be_v extend_v beyond_o the_o nostril_n sear_n and_o likewise_o the_o border_n of_o the_o bridle_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v yellow_a the_o feather_n neckfeather_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v rigid_a and_o colour_n ferrugineous_a a_o certain_a thick_a tunicle_n stretch_v forth_o from_o below_o upward_o cover_v the_o eye_n in_o nictation_n this_o membrane_n be_v call_v in_o latin_a periophthalmium_fw-la two_o eyelid_n one_o above_o the_o other_o beneath_o covered_z the_o eyelid_n eye_n although_o the_o low_a alone_o extend_v upward_o be_v sufficient_a to_o cover_v the_o whole_a eye_n the_o region_n of_o the_o eyebrow_n be_v very_o eminent_a like_o that_o prominent_a part_n of_o eyebrow_n the_o roof_n of_o house_n call_v the_o eaves_n under_o which_o the_o eye_n lay_v hide_v as_o it_o be_v sink_v in_o a_o deep_a cavity_n the_o eye_n be_v of_o the_o colour_n call_v charopus_n of_o a_o fiery_a 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duke_n of_o tuscany_n the_o golden_a eagle_n with_o a_o white_a ring_n about_o its_o tail_n we_o see_v three_o bird_n of_o this_o sort_n in_o the_o royal_a theriotrophium_n near_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o a_o four_o in_o st._n james_n park_n near_o westminster_n for_o bigness_n they_o approach_v beak_n to_o turkey_n the_o beak_n near_o the_o head_n be_v straight_o towards_o the_o end_n hook_v of_o a_o horn-colour_n the_o sear_n or_o skin_n cover_v the_o basis_n of_o the_o beak_n of_o a_o ash-colour_n or_o bluish_a white_a the_o space_n from_o the_o nostril_n to_o the_o eye_n bare_a of_o feather_n the_o mouth_n very_o wide_a when_o gape_a the_o tail_n of_o a_o mean_a length_n with_o a_o transverse_a bar_n or_o ring_n of_o tail_n white_a the_o upper_a chap_n of_o the_o beak_n have_v on_o each_o side_n a_o small_a obtuse_a angle_n or_o tooth_n as_o that_o of_o the_o kestrel_n and_o other_o hawk_n the_o inside_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v of_o a_o flesh-colour_n the_o feather_n 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all_o waterfowl_n that_o frequent_a the_o river_n rhine_n thereabouts_o set_v forth_o the_o bald_a buzzard_n under_o the_o title_n of_o fisch-adler_n i._n e._n the_o fish-eagle_n but_o see_v that_o our_o bald_a buzzard_n be_v a_o lesser_a bird_n than_o that_o it_o may_v merit_v the_o name_n of_o a_o eagle_n and_o be_v also_o very_o like_a to_o and_o not_o much_o big_a than_o the_o common_a buzzard_n we_o will_v treat_v thereof_o in_o a_o more_o commodious_a place_n among_o its_o fellow_n viz._n the_o lesser_a sort_n of_o wild_a bird_n of_o prey_n and_o in_o this_o place_n for_o the_o haliaeetus_n or_o sea-eagle_n we_o will_v present_v the_o reader_n with_o the_o ossifrage_n of_o aldrovandus_n see_v sea-eagle_n that_o for_o its_o bigness_n may_v just_o challenge_v a_o place_n among_o eagle_n and_o be_v also_o a_o fierce_a and_o generous_a bird_n prey_v upon_o fish_n and_o frequent_v not_o only_a pool_n and_o river_n but_o also_o the_o sea_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o aldrovandus_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n admit_v this_o bird_n to_o be_v the_o sea-eagle_n 1._o because_o it_o answer_v not_o to_o the_o description_n of_o the_o sea-eagle_n leave_v we_o by_o the_o ancient_n which_o make_v it_o to_o be_v not_o much_o big_a than_o the_o kite_n whereas_o this_o bird_n for_o bigness_n fall_v not_o much_o short_a of_o the_o chrysaëto_n itself_o 2._o because_o all_o the_o note_n of_o the_o ossifrage_n agree_v to_o it_o viz._n a_o whitish_a ash-colour_n cloud_a eye_n a_o beard_n under_o the_o chin_n and_o final_o aquiline_n magnitude_n but_o yet_o these_o argument_n be_v not_o of_o so_o great_a force_n with_o i_o to_o evince_v this_o bird_n to_o be_v the_o ossifrage_n as_o the_o manner_n of_o live_v alone_o to_o be_v the_o sea-eagle_n unless_o perchance_o the_o sea-eagle_n and_o ossifrage_n be_v synonymous_n word_n and_o name_n of_o
with_o transverse_a red_a spot_n the_o utmost_a tip_n be_v whitish_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v yellow_a the_o middle_a and_o outmost_a toe_n connect_v as_o in_o talon_n other_o of_o this_o kind_n to_o the_o first_o joint_n the_o talon_n as_o black_a as_o jet_v it_o have_v a_o great_a gall_n the_o length_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v two_o foot_n lack_v a_o inch_n the_o entrail_n appendix_n or_o blind_a gut_n short_a beside_o which_o it_o have_v another_o single_a appendix_n or_o process_n which_o be_v we_o suppose_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o ductus_fw-la intestinalis_fw-la shrink_v up_o the_o hobby_n be_v a_o bird_n of_o passage_n yet_o breed_v with_o we_o in_o england_n it_o be_v game_n be_v chief_o game_n lark_n for_o the_o catch_n of_o which_o bird_n our_o fowler_n make_v use_v of_o it_o thus_o the_o spaniel_n range_v the_o field_n to_o find_v the_o bird_n the_o hobby_n they_o let_v off_o and_o accustom_v to_o soar_v aloft_o in_o the_o air_n over_o they_o the_o lark_n espy_v their_o capital_a enemy_n dare_v by_o no_o mean_n make_v use_n of_o their_o wing_n but_o lie_v as_o close_v and_o flat_a upon_o the_o ground_n as_o they_o can_v and_o so_o be_v easy_o take_v in_o the_o net_n they_o draw_v over_o they_o this_o kind_n of_o sport_n be_v call_v dare_v lark_n of_o lark_n to_o catch_v these_o hawk_n the_o fowler_n take_v a_o lark_n and_o have_v blind_v she_o and_o fasten_v hobby_n lime-twig_n to_o her_o leg_n let_v she_o fly_v where_o they_o see_v the_o hobby_n be_v which_o strike_v at_o the_o lark_n be_v entangle_v with_o the_o lime-twig_n the_o bird_n be_v call_v in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o lesser_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o buteo_n name_n which_o pliny_n render_v in_o latin_a subbuteo_n it_o be_v call_v in_o english_a hobby_n after_o the_o french_a name_n §._o xv._n the_o kestrel_n stannel_n or_o stonegall_a in_o latin_a tinnunculus_fw-la or_o cenchris_n the_o female_n be_v about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o pigeon_n that_o we_o describe_v weigh_v nine_o breadth_n ounce_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o beak_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o train_n be_v fourteen_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n its_o breadth_n or_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v two_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a the_o beak_n short_a prominent_a hook_a and_o beak_n sharp-pointed_a the_o base_a of_o the_o upper_a chap_n cover_v with_o a_o skin_n or_o membrane_n in_o which_o be_v the_o nostril_n the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o beak_n next_o the_o sear_n be_v white_a the_o rest_n of_o a_o dark_a blue_a where_o it_o begin_v to_o bend_v it_o have_v a_o tooth_n or_o angle_n which_o be_v receive_v in_o a_o dent_n or_o cavity_n in_o the_o low_a chap._n the_o nostril_n round_o the_o tongue_n cleave_v mouth_n the_o eyelid_n yellow_a the_o eye_n defend_v by_o prominent_a brow_n it_o have_v a_o wide_a mouth_n and_o the_o palate_n blue_a the_o head_n be_v great_a the_o crown_n broad_a and_o flat_a incline_v to_o a_o ash-colour_n and_o head_n mark_v with_o narrow_a black_a line_n along_o the_o shaft_n of_o each_o feather_n the_o back_n shoulder_n and_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o wing_n ferrugineous_a mark_v with_o black_a back_n spot_n viz._n each_o feather_n be_v red_a have_v a_o black_a spot_n towards_o the_o tip_n the_o rump_n be_v cinereous_a have_v the_o like_a transverse_n black_a spot_n the_o low_a or_o nether_a side_n of_o the_o side_n body_n that_o be_v the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a red_a or_o ferrugineous_a vary_v with_o black_a line_n draw_v downward_o along_o the_o shaft_n of_o the_o feather_n the_o chin_n and_o low_a belly_n without_o spot_n the_o flag-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v in_o number_n twenty_o four_o the_o exterior_a of_o which_o wing-feather_n be_v of_o a_o brown_a or_o dusky_a colour_n but_o their_o interior_a vane_n be_v partly_o of_o a_o red_a white_a indent_v with_o the_o brown_a like_o the_o tooth_n of_o a_o saw_n the_o six_o or_o seven_o next_o to_o the_o body_n be_v red_a have_v their_o interior_a vane_n mark_v with_o transverse_a brown_a stroke_n the_o inner_a or_o under_o side_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v white_a with_o black_a spot_n the_o train_n make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n be_v above_o seven_o inch_n long_o the_o outmost_a train_n feather_n short_a the_o rest_n in_o order_n gradual_o long_o to_o the_o middlemost_a the_o utmost_a tip_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v of_o a_o rusty_a white_a then_o succeed_v a_o black_a bar_n or_o ring_n of_o a_o inch_n broad_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v of_o a_o rusty_a ash-colour_n mark_v with_o transverse_a black_a spot_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o lovely_a yellow_a and_o the_o talon_n black_a inward_o it_o have_v a_o gall._n in_o the_o stomach_n we_o find_v beetle_n and_o fur_n of_o mouse_n the_o length_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v twenty_o eight_o inch_n the_o single_a blind_a gut_n appendix_n intestinalis_fw-la be_v twice_o as_o long_o as_o the_o low_a appendix_n or_o blind_a gut_n the_o male_a or_o tarcel_n differ_v female_a from_o the_o female_a chief_o in_o be_v less_o and_o have_v the_o head_n and_o back_o of_o a_o ash-colour_n kestrel_n be_v wont_n common_o with_o we_o in_o england_n to_o be_v reclaim_v and_o train_v up_o for_o fowl_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o other_o rapacious_a bird_n they_o catch_v not_o only_o small_a bird_n game_n but_o also_o young_a partridge_n they_o build_v in_o hollow_a oak_n and_o other_o tree_n and_o that_o not_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o generation_n crow_n upon_o the_o bough_n but_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o jackdaw_n always_o in_o hole_n as_o turner_n say_v he_o himself_o observe_v aristotle_n make_v the_o kestrel_n the_o most_o fruitful_a or_o best_a breeder_n among_o bird_n of_o prey_n yet_o neither_o do_v she_o say_v he_o lay_v more_o egg_n than_o four_o at_o once_o her_o egg_n be_v whitish_a all_o over_o stain_v very_o thick_a with_o red_a spot_n whence_o aristotle_n and_o pliny_n write_v that_o they_o be_v red_a like_o vermilion_n indeed_o they_o deserve_v rather_o to_o be_v call_v red_a than_o white_a it_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v millet_n as_o if_o one_o shall_v say_v the_o millet-bird_n name_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n as_o gesner_n think_v that_o a_o kind_n of_o tetter_n the_o swine-pox_n be_v call_v herpes_n miliaris_fw-la because_o it_o be_v mark_v or_o motle_v with_o speck_n like_o millet_n seed_n this_o bird_n be_v by_o some_o call_v the_o wind-hove_a of_o which_o name_n we_o have_v elsewhere_o give_v a_o account_n §._o xvi_o the_o merlin_n call_v in_o latin_a aesalon_n bellonius_n have_v record_v that_o the_o merlin_n be_v the_o least_o of_o all_o those_o bird_n our_o falconer_n bigness_n use_v for_o hawk_v and_o true_o if_o we_o except_o only_o the_o matagesse_n or_o great_a butcher-bird_n which_o be_v sometime_o reclaim_v for_o small_a bird_n so_o it_o be_v it_o be_v not_o much_o big_a than_o a_o black_a bird_n the_o length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n in_o that_o we_o breadth_n describe_v be_v fourteen_o inch_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o toe_n twelve_o and_o a_o half_a the_o beak_n be_v blue_a and_o have_v a_o angular_a appendix_n or_o tooth_n on_o each_o side_n the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o train_n eye_n of_o a_o hazel_n colour_n the_o back_n and_o upper_a part_n be_v particoloured_a of_o a_o dark_a blue_a and_o a_o ferrugineous_a the_o shaft_n and_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o head_n and_o wing_n be_v black_a the_o edge_n blue_a the_o flag-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n black_a with_o ferrugineous_a spot_n the_o train_z sive_z inch_n long_o of_o a_o dark_a brown_a or_o blackish_a with_o transverse_a talon_n white_a bar_n of_o these_o black_a and_o white_a space_n be_v fourteen_o in_o all_o in_o the_o female_a in_o the_o male_a or_o tarcel_n but_o ten_o the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o rusty_a white_a with_o brown_a spot_n not_o transverse_a but_o tend_v downward_o from_o the_o head_n towards_o the_o tail_n the_o leg_n be_v long_o slender_a and_o yellow_a the_o talon_n black_a below_o the_o head_n it_o have_v a_o ring_n of_o yellowish_a white_a encircle_v the_o head_n like_o a_o coronet_n in_o the_o old_a bird_n the_o back_n grow_v bluer_n as_o in_o other_o falcon_n in_o the_o male_n the_o feather_n on_o the_o rump_n next_o the_o tail_n be_v bluer_n by_o which_o note_n and_o female_a their_o bigness_n falconer_n discern_v the_o sex_n for_o the_o female_a in_o this_o as_o in_o other_o bird_n of_o prey_n be_v great_a than_o the_o male_n be_v for_o colour_n less_o red_a with_o a_o certain_a mixture_n of_o
bontius_n in_o the_o five_o book_n and_o twelve_o chapter_n of_o his_o natural_a and_o medic_a history_n of_o the_o east-indies_n where_o we_o have_v to_o this_o purpose_n it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v true_a that_o these_o bird_n of_o paradise_n be_v nourish_v by_o the_o air_n or_o want_v foot_n that_o with_o their_o crooked_a and_o very_a sharp_a claw_n they_o catch_v small_a bird_n as_o green_a linnet_n chaffinche_n and_o the_o like_a and_o present_o tear_v and_o devour_v they_o like_o other_o bird_n of_o prey_n no_o less_o untrue_a be_v it_o that_o they_o be_v not_o find_v but_o only_o dead_a whereas_o they_o sit_v upon_o tree_n and_o be_v shoot_v with_o arrow_n by_o the_o tarnacense_v whence_o also_o and_o from_o their_o swift_a forward_o reciprocal_a fly_v they_o be_v by_o the_o indian_n call_v tarnacensian_a swallow_n we_o true_o before_o we_o have_v read_v these_o thing_n in_o bontius_n have_v subjoin_v these_o bird_n to_o the_o rapacious_a kind_n because_o they_o do_v seem_v to_o we_o in_o their_o bill_n and_o crooked_a claw_n very_o near_o to_o resemble_v they_o and_o consequent_o in_o all_o likelihood_n to_o prey_n upon_o littlebird_n hence_o also_o it_o appear_v how_o rash_o some_o have_v believe_v that_o they_o take_v their_o rest_n hang_v by_o those_o two_o feather_n cirri_fw-la which_o run_v out_o as_o it_o be_v two_o long_a string_n beyond_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o feather_n twine_v about_o the_o bough_n of_o tree_n for_o those_o cirri_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o naked_a shaft_n of_o feather_n have_v neither_o the_o structure_n nor_o use_n of_o muscle_n it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o those_o who_o travel_n to_o those_o part_n of_o the_o east_n indies_n where_o these_o bird_n be_v find_v will_v diligent_o inquire_v of_o the_o inhabitant_n where_o and_o how_o they_o build_v and_o what_o those_o long_a feather_n serve_v for_o which_o spring_v in_o great_a number_n from_o both_o side_n of_o the_o breast_n do_v both_o run_v out_o in_o length_n beyond_o the_o tail_n and_o also_o be_v spread_v out_o far_o in_o breadth_n and_o especial_o what_o may_v be_v the_o use_n of_o these_o two_o long_a naked_a shaft_n of_o feather_n before_o mention_v which_o to_o say_v the_o truth_n be_v to_o we_o as_o yet_o unknown_a these_o most_o beautiful_a bird_n as_o aldrovandus_n report_v be_v call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o molucca_n island_n manucodiatae_n that_o be_v god_n bird_n and_o have_v in_o great_a esteem_n and_o veneration_n they_o be_v call_v bird_n of_o paradise_n both_o for_o the_o excellent_a shape_n and_o beauty_n of_o their_o body_n and_o also_o because_o where_o they_o be_v breed_v whence_o they_o come_v and_o whither_o they_o betake_v themselves_o be_v altogether_o unknown_a since_o they_o be_v find_v only_o dead_a upon_o the_o earth_n so_o that_o the_o vulgar_a imagine_v they_o to_o drop_v out_o of_o heaven_n or_o paradise_n but_o this_o mistake_n we_o have_v before_o out_o of_o bontius_n rectify_v chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o bird_n of_o paradise_n §._o i._o *_o aldrovandus_n his_o first_o bird_n of_o paradise_n for_o bigness_n and_o shape_n of_o body_n behold_v single_o it_o come_v near_o to_o a_o swallow_n the_o head_n feather_n invest_v it_o be_v of_o several_a colour_n very_o beautiful_a and_o lovely_a to_o behold_v the_o head_n like_o that_o of_o a_o swallow_n and_o great_a for_o the_o smallness_n of_o the_o body_n the_o feather_n cover_v its_o upper_a part_n from_o the_o first_o vertebre_n of_o the_o neck_n to_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v short_a thick_a hard_a close-set_a of_o a_o bright_a glister_a yellow_a colour_n shine_v like_o burnish_a gold_n or_o the_o sunbeam_n the_o rest_n which_o cover_v the_o chin_n be_v of_o a_o admirable_a bluish_a green_a such_o as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o head_n of_o mallards_n when_o expose_v to_o the_o sunshine_n the_o bill_n be_v long_o than_o that_o of_o a_o swallow_n the_o wing_n wing-feather_n for_o shape_n like_o those_o of_o heron_n only_a slenderer_n and_o long_o of_o a_o shine_a dusky_a colour_n between_o black_a and_o red_a which_o together_o with_o the_o tail_n be_v spread_v round_o represent_v the_o likeness_n of_o a_o wheel_n for_o they_o be_v absolute_o immovable_a stick_v in_o the_o skin_n like_o so_o many_o dart_n beside_o which_o there_o be_v also_o other_o small_a feather_n and_o those_o verily_a not_o a_o few_o which_o spring_v up_o just_a by_o the_o original_n of_o the_o great_a feather_n that_o make_v up_o the_o wing_n and_o cover_v the_o low_a part_n of_o they_o these_o be_v half_a red_a or_o scarlet-coloured_n half_a of_o a_o shine_a saffron_n or_o gold_n colour_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o that_o remarkable_a and_o singular_a disparity_n of_o colour_n contribute_v much_o to_o the_o beauty_n and_o elegancy_n of_o this_o bird_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n be_v cover_v with_o body_n fulvous_a feather_n incline_v to_o red_n ruffum_fw-la yet_o so_o that_o still_o one_o may_v observe_v some_o difference_n between_o they_o for_o those_o on_o the_o breast_n and_o belly_n which_o stand_v thick_a and_o be_v likewise_o broad_a be_v of_o two_o or_o three_o inch_n breadth_n be_v of_o a_o fulvous_a or_o rather_o liver_n colour_n and_o that_o very_o bright_a and_o resplendent_a those_o on_o the_o back_o stand_v thin_a and_o be_v few_o gape_v moreover_o with_o large_a division_n after_o the_o manner_n exact_o of_o those_o grow_n on_o the_o back_n of_o heron_n i_o suppose_v he_o mean_v the_o several_a thread_n or_o filament_n which_o compose_v the_o web_n of_o the_o feather_n stand_v thin_a or_o at_o great_a distance_n as_o in_o those_o of_o a_o peacock_n tail_n neither_o do_v they_o attain_v that_o eminent_a breadth_n or_o match_v they_o in_o that_o excellent_a liver-colour_n but_o be_v rather_o of_o a_o purple_a resemble_v flesh_n or_o somewhat_o more_o obscure_a those_o two_o filament_n which_o spring_v out_o of_o the_o back_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n black_a §._o ii_o *_o aldrovandus_n his_o second_o bird_n of_o paradise_n this_o differ_v from_o the_o rest_n especial_o in_o that_o it_o have_v in_o its_o rump_n two_o very_a long_a feather_n exceed_v the_o rest_n about_o two_o palm_n length_n the_o head_n be_v almost_o head_n white_a besprinkle_v with_o yellow_a and_o golden_a spot_n the_o eye_n likewise_o yellow_a the_o hair_n of_o the_o eyelid_n red_a the_o bill_n of_o a_o middle_a colour_n between_o yellow_a and_o green_a two_o inch_n long_o the_o upper_a part_n a_o little_a crooked_a the_o tongue_n red_a long_a sharp_a not_o unlike_a bill_n that_o of_o woodpecker_n very_o fit_a to_o strike_v infect_v the_o breast_n be_v somewhat_o red_a tongue_n the_o belly_n back_o and_o wing_n be_v white_a yet_o be_v their_o upper_a side_n all_o over_o and_o wing_n their_o end_n ferrugineous_a the_o back_n at_o first_o seem_v to_o incline_v somewhat_o to_o yellow_a back_o but_o about_o the_o rump_n it_o change_v to_o a_o red_a or_o ferrugineous_a in_o the_o length_n of_o the_o wing_n which_o equal_v five_o palm_n it_o exceed_v the_o first_o species_n the_o tail_n feather_n at_o their_o tail_n insertion_n into_o the_o back_n be_v white_a else_o ferrugineous_a long_o than_o in_o the_o first_o species_n this_o bird_n want_v those_o two_o thread_n which_o as_o i_o say_v before_o grow_v out_o of_o the_o back_n of_o all_o this_o kind_n wherefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v think_v that_o either_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o length_n of_o the_o journey_n or_o continuance_n of_o time_n they_o fall_v away_o and_o be_v lose_v not_o that_o it_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v call_v a_o female_a as_o the_o vulgar_a have_v be_v hitherto_o false_o persuade_v the_o use_n of_o the_o two_o forementioned_a long_a feather_n may_v perchance_o be_v for_o swift_a flight_n §._o iii_o *_o aldrovandus_n his_o three_o bird_n of_o paradise_n this_o for_o the_o length_n of_o its_o body_n we_o think_v good_a to_o call_v paradise_n hippomanncodiata_n as_o be_v from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n and_o wing_n twenty_o seven_o inch_n long_o and_o two_o palm_n broad_a when_o the_o wing_n be_v close_v the_o bill_n be_v well_o hook_v especial_o the_o upper_a part_n three_o inch_n long_o the_o low_a part_n a_o little_o short_a the_o whole_a bird_n be_v white_a except_o the_o neck_n and_o belly_n which_o be_v of_o a_o chesnut-colour_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v ferrugineous_a to_o which_o succeed_v a_o yellow_a and_o to_o the_o yellow_a a_o green_a colour_n near_o the_o back_o the_o feather_n be_v very_o prominent_a viz._n the_o length_n of_o two_o or_o three_o inch_n this_o bird_n have_v only_o one_o string_n and_o that_o rough_a and_o very_a flexible_a wherefore_o we_o think_v that_o the_o other_o be_v by_o some_o accident_n lose_v §._o iv._o *_o aldrovandus_n his_o
their_o voyage_n do_v almost_o always_o bring_v home_o some_o of_o these_o bird_n yet_o be_v it_o never_o my_o hap_n to_o see_v a_o king_n till_o the_o year_n 1603._o viz._n at_o amsterdam_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o certain_a merchant_n who_o be_v wont_a to_o buy_v up_o such_o like_a exotic_a thing_n among_o the_o mariner_n return_v home_o that_o he_o may_v make_v a_o great_a profit_n by_o sell_v they_o again_o to_o other_o but_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o follow_a year_n emmanuel_n swert_v a_o very_a honest_a man_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o same_o city_n give_v i_o notice_n that_o he_o have_v the_o like_a whereupon_o i_o prevail_v with_o he_o to_o lend_v i_o the_o bird_n for_o a_o few_o day_n that_o i_o may_v describe_v it_o and_o get_v its_o figure_n cut_v in_o a_o table_n and_o see_v i_o have_v mention_v it_o a_o little_a before_o and_o no_o man_n hitherto_o as_o far_o as_o i_o know_v have_v set_v forth_o the_o like_a i_o think_v myself_o oblige_v in_o this_o place_n to_o propose_v its_o description_n annex_v its_o figure_n this_o bird_n be_v less_o than_o other_o bird_n of_o paradise_n and_o of_o different_a feather_n for_o from_o the_o head_n to_o the_o tail_n it_o scarce_o exceed_v two_o inch_n length_n it_o be_v head_n be_v very_o small_a which_o together_o with_o its_o bill_n be_v but_o a_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a of_o which_o length_n also_o the_o tail_n be_v but_o the_o wing_n be_v much_o large_a than_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o bird_n as_o be_v four_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a and_o reach_v two_o inch_n beyond_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n the_o colour_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v white_a the_o upper_a part_n be_v a_o inch_n long_o be_v cover_v half_a way_n with_o elegant_a short_a feather_n or_o hair_n of_o a_o red_a colour_n like_o silken_a thrum_n as_o also_o the_o whole_a forepart_n of_o the_o head_n the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v likewise_o a_o inch_n long_o yet_o a_o thought_n short_a than_o the_o upper_a the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o head_n about_o the_o eye_n on_o each_o side_n have_v little_a black_a spot_n impress_v the_o neck_n and_o breast_n be_v cover_v with_o fine_a slender_a feather_n of_o a_o deep_a red_a or_o sanguine_a colour_n so_o that_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o more_o than_o certain_a silken_a thrum_n or_o filament_n all_o the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o back_n wing_n and_o tail_n be_v almost_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o colour_n each_o wing_n consist_v of_o thirteen_o prime_a feather_n which_o be_v on_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o a_o dusky_a red_a on_o the_o under_o side_n of_o a_o dusky_a yellow_a the_o tail_n contain_v seven_o or_o eight_o dusky_a or_o brown_a feather_n the_o low_a or_o under_o side_n of_o the_o body_n under_o the_o breast_n be_v adorn_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o ring_n of_o the_o breadth_n almost_o of_o one_o little_a finger_n consist_v of_o black_a feather_n as_o it_o be_v silken_a thrum_n the_o feather_n on_o the_o belly_n be_v white_a but_o those_o next_o the_o wing_n black_a and_o of_o those_o there_o be_v four_o or_o five_o in_o each_o side_n a_o little_a long_o than_o the_o rest_n viz._n equal_a to_o two_o inch_n and_o which_o end_v in_o a_o broad_a top_n of_o a_o curious_a shine_a green_a not_o unlike_a that_o of_o a_o mallards_n neck_n out_o of_o the_o rump_n among_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o tail_n proceed_v two_o string_n as_o it_o be_v horsehair_n slender_a but_o stiff_o seven_o or_o eight_o inch_n long_o altogether_o black_a only_o their_o end_n for_o a_o inch_n length_n be_v reflect_v round_o and_o on_o one_o side_n set_v with_o very_o fine_a hair_n or_o downy_a thread_n which_o be_v on_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o a_o deep_a shine_a green_a beautiful_a to_o behold_v almost_o like_o the_o feather_n on_o a_o wild_a drake_n or_o mallards_n neck_n add_v a_o great_a grace_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o bird_n but_o the_o underside_n of_o these_o feather_n be_v of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n i_o understand_v also_o that_o there_o be_v some_o bird_n which_o have_v those_o bristly_a string_n cross_v one_o another_o towards_o their_o end_n chap._n fourteen_o the_o cuckoo_n cuculus_n our_o bolognese_n fowler_n say_v aldrovandus_n do_v unanimous_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v find_v a_o great_a and_o a_o lesser_a sort_n of_o cuckoo_n and_o beside_o that_o the_o great_a be_v of_o two_o kind_n which_o be_v distinguish_v one_o from_o the_o other_o by_o the_o only_a difference_n of_o colour_n but_o that_o the_o lesser_a differ_v from_o the_o great_a in_o nothing_o else_o but_o magnitude_n we_o shall_v give_v figure_n of_o both_o the_o great_a the_o lesser_a we_o have_v not_o yet_o see_v so_o far_o aldrovandus_n that_o which_o be_v common_a with_o we_o in_o england_n differ_v from_o the_o first_o of_o aldrovandus_n in_o that_o its_o bill_n be_v like_a a_o thrush_n or_o blackbird_n than_o a_o ringdove_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o tip_n bill_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v twelve_o inch_n the_o upper_a chap_n of_o the_o bill_n somewhat_o hook_v and_o long_o than_o the_o low_a for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o a_o dark_a or_o blackish_a colour_n the_o nether_a of_o a_o pale_a or_o whitish_a yellow_a the_o inside_n of_o the_o mouth_n and_o the_o tongue_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a yellow_a or_o saffron_n colour_n the_o tongue_n not_o divide_v the_o tip_n of_o it_o hard_a and_o pellucid_a the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n not_o yellow_a as_o in_o aldrovandus_n his_o second_o eye_n sort_n but_o of_o a_o hazel_n colour_n the_o nostril_n round_o wide_a extant_a above_o the_o surface_n of_o nostril_n the_o bill_n wherein_o it_o differ_v from_o all_o other_o bird_n i_o have_v yet_o see_v the_o low_a eyelid_n be_v the_o great_a the_o edge_n of_o the_o eyelid_n yellow_a the_o throat_n breast_n and_o belly_n be_v white_a with_o transverse_a dark_a line_n which_o be_v underside_n entire_a and_o not_o interrupt_v wherein_o it_o agree_v with_o aldrovandus_n his_o second_o cuckoo_n the_o black_a line_n be_v thick_a upon_o the_o throat_n and_o have_v less_o white_a between_o they_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o head_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a brown_a with_o white_a edge_n aldrovandus_fw-la say_v of_o a_o side_n cinereous_a tend_v to_o a_o chestnut_n colour_n that_o we_o describe_v have_v on_o the_o head_n one_o or_o two_o white_a spot_n the_o feather_n on_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o back_n and_o also_o the_o long_a scapular_a feather_n be_v brown_a with_o a_o tincture_n of_o red_a have_v their_o edge_n whitish_a the_o rump_n ash-coloured_a the_o beam-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v nineteen_o in_o number_n the_o great_a whereof_o be_v wing-feather_n the_o black_a all_o from_o the_o second_o have_v their_o exterior_a vane_n spot_v with_o red_a the_o interior_a vane_n of_o the_o outmost_a have_v long_o transverse_a white_a spot_n the_o tip_n of_o all_o be_v white_a the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o those_o on_o the_o back_n only_o the_o outmost_a darker_n the_o tail_n in_o that_o describe_v by_o aldrovandus_n in_o the_o second_o place_n for_o mr._n willughby_n tail_n omit_v that_o in_o his_o description_n be_v make_v up_o of_o ten_o feather_n distinguish_v on_o both_o side_n the_o shaft_n with_o white_a mark_n somewhat_o resemble_v the_o figure_n of_o a_o heart_n about_o a_o inch_n distant_a from_o each_o other_o in_o a_o decent_a and_o lovely_a order_n pleasant_a to_o behold_v but_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o inner_a side_n of_o all_o but_o the_o two_o middlemost_a and_o the_o top_n of_o all_o be_v adorn_v with_o white_a spot_n the_o foot_n and_o claw_n be_v yellow_a it_o have_v two_o back-toe_n of_o which_o the_o interior_a be_v claw_n the_o least_o of_o all_o the_o toe_n and_o next_o to_o that_o the_o interior_a of_o the_o fore-toe_n the_o claw_n be_v something_o hollow_v on_o the_o inside_n especial_o the_o great_a the_o two_o fore-toe_n be_v connect_v from_o the_o divarication_n to_o the_o first_o joint_n in_o the_o stomach_n dissect_v we_o find_v caterpillar_n and_o other_o infect_v the_o hedge-sparrow_n breed_n curruca_n be_v the_o cuckoo_n nurse_n but_o not_o the_o hedge-sparrow_n only_o if_o curruca_n be_v so_o right_o render_v but_o also_o ringdove_n lark_n finche_n i_o myself_o with_o many_o other_o have_v see_v a_o wagtail_n feed_v a_o young_a cuckoo_n the_o cockow_n herself_o build_v no_o nest_n but_o have_v find_v the_o nest_n of_o some_o little_a bird_n she_o either_o devour_v or_o destroy_v the_o egg_n she_o there_o find_v and_o in_o the_o room_n thereof_o lay_v one_o of_o she_o own_o and_o so_o forsake_v it_o the_o silly_a bird_n return_v sit_v on_o this_o egg._n hatch_v it_o and_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n
three_o and_o four_o the_o second_o above_o a_o inch_n short_a than_o the_o three_o and_o the_o four_o and_o five_o the_o long_a of_o all_o whereas_o in_o that_o the_o second_o and_o three_o feather_n be_v the_o long_a and_o the_o extreme_a or_o sarcel_n want_v not_o half_a a_o inch_n of_o they_o aldrovandus_n write_v that_o the_o countrypeople_n about_o bononia_n tell_v he_o that_o his_o strix_n or_o screech-owl_n use_v to_o suck_v their_o goat_n which_o we_o as_o far_o as_o i_o have_v hear_v be_v never_o complain_v of_o for_o do_v §._o ii_o the_o grey_a owl_n strix_n cinerea_fw-la another_o bird_n of_o this_o sort_n we_o describe_v which_o we_o find_v first_o at_o vienna_n in_o austria_n breadth_n and_o afterward_o in_o england_n also_o it_o weigh_v eleven_o ounce_n and_o a_o hlaf_fw-mi the_o length_n from_o the_o bill_n to_o end_v of_o the_o tail_n or_o foot_n for_o they_o be_v equal_o extend_v be_v fourteen_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a the_o breadth_n between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v out_o two_o foot_n and_o eleven_o inch_n the_o bill_n be_v a_o inch_n and_o quarter_n long_o the_o tongue_n nostril_n a_o little_a divide_v not_o so_o fleshy_a as_o in_o hawk_n in_o the_o palate_n it_o have_v a_o broad_a open_a fissure_n or_o cleave_v the_o nostril_n be_v oblong_o the_o sear_n or_o skin_n cover_v the_o base_a of_o the_o beak_n in_o diurnal_a rapacious_a bird_n be_v want_v in_o this_o as_o in_o all_o other_o owl_n it_o have_v huge_a round_a eye_n the_o irides_fw-la be_v of_o a_o dark_a hazel_n colour_n both_o upper_a and_o low_a eyelid_n eye_n terminate_v in_o a_o membrane_n have_v black_a edge_n the_o ear-hole_n be_v great_a and_o furnish_v ear_n with_o valve_n this_o bird_n be_v for_o the_o apparent_a magnitude_n very_o light_a and_o full_a of_o feather_n a_o wreath_n or_o hood_n of_o stiff_a feather_n particoloured_a of_o white_a and_o black_a begin_v from_o the_o bill_n face_n above_o and_o reach_v beyond_o the_o ear_n encompass_n the_o face_n and_o eye_n the_o end_n meet_v under_o the_o chin_n like_o a_o woman_n hood_n within_o this_o great_a hood_n another_o circle_n of_o feather_n of_o a_o ash-colour_n consist_v of_o thin_a and_o short_a hair_n encompass_n the_o eye_n the_o body_n be_v all_o over_o variegated_a with_o cinereous_a and_o brown_a the_o shaft_n of_o the_o feather_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_n be_v black_a the_o interior_a vane_n of_o the_o long_a scapular_a feather_n be_v white_a almost_o to_o the_o shaft_n the_o low_a belly_n be_v white_a on_o the_o breast_n be_v long_o black_a spot_n the_o first_o row_n of_o wing-feather_n have_v cross_a bar_n of_o black_a and_o red_a ash-colour_n in_o wing-feather_n in_o the_o three_o row_n of_o the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v one_o or_o two_o white_a spot_n the_o tail_n have_v twelve_o feather_n seven_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n long_o the_o middlemost_a feather_n tail_n be_v long_o and_o the_o rest_n in_o order_n to_o the_o outmost_a somewhat_o short_a the_o foot_n be_v feather_v almost_o down_o to_o the_o claw_n only_o two_o or_o three_o annulary_a foot_n scale_n naked_a the_o sole_a of_o the_o foot_n callous_a and_o of_o a_o yellowish_a colour_n as_o it_o be_v granulate_v with_o little_a knob_n the_o toe_n as_o in_o other_o night-bird_n two_o stand_v forward_o toe_n and_o two_o backward_o the_o inner_a side_n of_o the_o claw_n of_o the_o outer_a fore-toe_n be_v flat_v claw_n into_o a_o edge_n the_o length_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v twenty_o two_o inch_n of_o the_o blind_a gut_n three_o and_o a_o gut_n half_a the_o name_n strix_n some_o think_v be_v take_v from_o the_o verb_n stringere_fw-la because_o it_o strangle_v name_n people_n when_o they_o be_v asleep_a ovid_n will_v have_v it_o so_o call_v à _fw-la stridore_fw-la from_o the_o screech_a noise_n it_o make_v est_fw-la illis_fw-la strigibus_fw-la nomen_fw-la sed_fw-la nominis_fw-la huius_fw-la causa_fw-la quòd_fw-la horrenda_fw-la stridere_fw-la nocte_fw-la solent_fw-la this_o be_v like_o the_o precedent_n and_o of_o equal_a bigness_n from_o which_o yet_o it_o be_v distinguish_v precedent_n by_o manifest_a note_n and_o which_o argue_v a_o specifical_a difference_n the_o chief_a of_o those_o be_v 1._o that_o this_o be_v grey_a that_o brown_a 2._o that_o this_o have_v long_a spot_n on_o the_o breast_n which_o that_o want_n 3._o that_o the_o interior_a hood_n in_o this_o be_v particoloured_a only_o of_o dusky_a and_o white_a §._o iii_o the_o common_a barn-owl_n or_o white-owl_n or_o church-owl_n aluco_fw-la minor_fw-la aldrov_n the_o cock_n which_o we_o describe_v be_v about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o pigeon_n weigh_v measure_n eleven_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v fourteen_o inch_n the_o distance_n between_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v out_o three_o foot_n and_o one_o inch_n and_o half_a the_o bill_n white_a hook_a at_o the_o end_n bill_n more_o than_o a_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a the_o tongue_n a_o little_a divide_v at_o the_o tip_n the_o nostril_n tongue_n oblong_v a_o circle_n or_o wreath_n of_o white_a soft_a downy_a feather_n encompass_v with_o hood_n yellow_a one_o begin_v from_o the_o nostril_n on_o each_o side_n pass_v round_o the_o eye_n and_o under_o the_o chin_n somewhat_o resemble_v a_o black_a hood_n such_o as_o woman_n use_v to_o wear_v so_o that_o the_o eye_n be_v sink_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o these_o feather_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o pit_n or_o valley_n at_o the_o interior_a angle_n of_o each_o eye_n the_o low_a part_n of_o these_o feather_n be_v of_o a_o tawny_a colour_n the_o ear_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o valve_n which_o arise_v near_o ear-valve_a the_o eye_n and_o fall_v backward_o the_o interior_a circle_n we_o mention_v of_o white_a downy_a feather_n pass_v just_a over_o this_o valve_n so_o that_o part_n of_o they_o grow_v out_o of_o it_o the_o breast_n belly_n and_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v white_a body_n mark_v with_o a_o few_o quadrangular_a dark_a spot_n the_o head_n neck_n and_o back_o as_o far_o as_o the_o prime_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n various_o and_o of_o all_o night-bird_n most_o elegant_o colour_v the_o feather_n towards_o the_o tip_n be_v wave_v with_o small_a whitish_a and_o blackish_a line_n resemble_v a_o grey_a colour_n but_o about_o the_o shaft_n of_o each_o feather_n there_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o bed_n or_o row_v of_o black_a and_o white_a spot_n situate_a long-way_n make_v up_o in_o some_o of_o two_o white_a and_o two_o black_a spot_n in_o some_o of_o three_o of_o each_o colour_n in_o some_o of_o but_o one_o else_o the_o whole_a plumage_n be_v of_o a_o dilute_a tawny_a or_o orange_n colour_n which_o same_o colour_n be_v also_o the_o field_n or_o ground_n in_o the_o wing_n and_o tail_n the_o master-feather_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v in_o number_n twenty_o four_o whereof_o the_o wing-feather_n great_a have_v four_o transverse_v blackish_a bar_n in_o these_o bar_n in_o the_o exterior_a vane_n of_o the_o feather_n there_o be_v also_o white_a mingle_v with_o the_o black_a which_o make_v a_o appearance_n of_o a_o grey_a spot_n the_o intermediate_v space_n be_v fulvous_a and_o powder_v with_o small_a black_a speck_n the_o tip_n of_o these_o feather_n incline_v more_o to_o a_o ash-colour_n the_o wing_n when_o shut_v up_o extend_v full_a as_o far_o or_o further_o than_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n in_o the_o exterior_a vane_n of_o the_o first_o or_o outmost_a feather_n of_o each_o wing_n the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n pinnulae_fw-la be_v not_o contiguous_a one_o to_o another_o but_o stand_v at_o distance_n like_o the_o tooth_n of_o a_o fine_a comb._n the_o tail_n be_v make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o wing_n have_v four_o transverse_a black_a bar_n four_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a the_o interior_a margin_n of_o the_o feather_n both_o of_o wing_n and_o tail_n be_v white_a the_o leg_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o thick_a down_o to_o the_o foot_n but_o the_o toe_n be_v only_o hairy_a toe_n the_o hair_n also_o thin-set_a the_o claw_n of_o the_o middle_a toe_n be_v serrate_v on_o the_o inside_n as_o in_o heron_n but_o not_o so_o manifest_o it_o have_v but_o one_o toe_n that_o stand_v backward_o but_o the_o outmost_a fore-toe_n may_v be_v turn_v so_o as_o to_o stand_v a_o little_a backward_o the_o gut_n be_v eighteen_o inch_n long_o the_o blind_a gut_n but_o two_o it_o have_v a_o large_a gall_n gut_n its_o egg_n be_v white_a aldrovandus_n his_o description_n agree_v exact_o with_o we_o the_o eye_n in_o this_o bird_n and_o i_o suppose_v in_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v of_o a_o strange_a and_o singular_a structure_n that_o part_n which_o appear_v
outward_o though_o great_a be_v only_o the_o eye_n iris._n for_o the_o whole_a bulb_n or_o ball_n of_o the_o eye_n when_o take_v out_o somewhat_o resemble_v a_o hat_n or_o helmet_n the_o iris_n be_v the_o crown_n the_o part_n not_o appear_v and_o extend_v itself_o good_a way_n further_o the_o brim_n the_o interior_a edge_n of_o the_o eyelid_n round_o about_o be_v yellow_a the_o eye_n be_v altogether_o fix_v and_o immovable_a the_o bird_n be_v describe_v by_o marggravius_n under_o the_o title_n of_o tuidara_n of_o brasil_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v it_o be_v common_a with_o we_o to_o the_o new_a world_n §._o iv._o *_o aldrovandus_n his_o former_a aluco_fw-la this_o be_v big_a than_o the_o precedent_n but_o say_v my_o author_n lesser_o than_o the_o otus_n or_o horn-owl_n this_o be_v peculiar_a to_o they_o all_o that_o they_o cover_v the_o eye_n only_o by_o draw_v the_o upper_a lid_n over_o it_o downward_o it_o have_v a_o circle_n as_o it_o be_v a_o crown_n make_v up_o of_o feather_n which_o encompass_v the_o whole_a face_n pass_v above_o the_o eye_n like_o tall_a eyebrow_n descend_v on_o both_o side_n by_o the_o temple_n and_o meet_v under_o the_o chin_n somewhat_o like_o a_o woman_n black_a hood_n the_o eye_n be_v great_a whole_o black_a without_o any_o diversity_n of_o colour_n sink_v as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o deep_a cavity_n make_v by_o this_o circle_n of_o erect_a feather_n the_o prone_a side_n viz._n the_o breast_n and_o belly_n spot_v with_o indifferent_o great_a black_a spot_n the_o bill_n white_a very_o much_o hook_v as_o also_o the_o claw_n the_o leg_n cover_v with_o white_a feather_n but_o the_o foot_n only_o with_o hair_n the_o back_n be_v of_o a_o lead-colour_n variegated_a with_o whitish_a speck_n the_o whole_a body_n cover_v with_o a_o deep_a and_o thick-set_a plumage_n which_o make_v it_o appear_v to_o be_v of_o the_o bulk_n of_o a_o capon_n whereas_o when_o pluck_v it_o be_v scarce_o so_o big_a as_o a_o chicken_n the_o wing_n be_v large_a and_o reach_v beyond_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n this_o out_o of_o aldrovandus_n §._o v._o *_o aldrovandus_n his_o grey_a owl_n ulula_n aldrov_n as_o also_o gesner_n ulula_n gesn_a the_o bird_n signify_v by_o the_o name_n ulula_n in_o latin_a owl_n or_o owlet_n in_o english_a hulot_n in_o french_a ul_a or_o eul_n in_o dutch_a be_v doubtless_o so_o denominate_v from_o the_o howl_a noise_n that_o it_o make_v howl_v in_o english_a and_o dutch_a signify_v the_o same_o that_o ululo_n or_o ejulo_fw-la in_o latin_a wherefore_o the_o bird_n which_o aldrovandus_n exhibit_v under_o this_o title_n since_o it_o make_v a_o noise_n like_o a_o chicken_n he_o will_v not_o confident_o aver_v to_o be_v the_o ulula_n but_o if_o it_o may_v be_v refer_v to_o any_o of_o the_o species_n of_o night-bird_n mention_v by_o the_o ancient_n he_o know_v not_o wither_v more_o commodious_o than_o to_o this_o from_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n it_o be_v eighteen_o inch_n long_o the_o head_n back_o colour_n wing_n and_o tail_n be_v of_o a_o ash-colour_n speckle_v with_o whitish_a and_o black_a spot_n under_o the_o belly_n it_o be_v white_a variegated_a with_o blackish_a spot_n the_o head_n be_v very_o head_n great_a enormous_o thick_a round_o full_a of_o feather_n the_o eye_n be_v whole_o black_a and_o eye_n encompass_v round_o with_o white_a soft_a feather_n within_o the_o ring_n or_o ambit_fw-la whereof_o at_o the_o border_n of_o the_o eyelid_n be_v see_v as_o it_o be_v a_o red_a circle_n in_o wink_v the_o eye_n be_v cover_v only_o with_o the_o upper_a eyelid_n the_o bill_n be_v hook_v and_o greenish_a the_o bill_n nostril_n great_a and_o patent_n the_o wing_n very_o large_a eighteen_o inch_n long_o reach_v to_o wing_n the_o very_a end_n of_o the_o tail_n the_o leg_n be_v hairy_a down_o to_o the_o claw_n which_o be_v ash-coloured_a claw_n hook_a and_o exceed_v sharp_a it_o have_v four_o toe_n two_o stand_v forward_o and_o two_o backward_o aldrovandus_n keep_v this_o bird_n three_o month_n at_o his_o house_n this_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o our_o grey_a owl_n before_o describe_v by_o the_o title_n of_o strix_n cinerea_fw-la gesner_n describe_v his_o ulula_n in_o these_o word_n it_o be_v as_o big_a as_o a_o hen_n or_o big_a the_o ulula_n colour_n red_a sprinkle_v with_o black_a the_o bill_n white_a short_a as_o in_o other_o night-bird_n hook_a so_o that_o the_o upper_a chap_n be_v much_o long_o than_o the_o nether_a the_o eye_n great_a black_a the_o pupil_n be_v of_o a_o obscure_a red_a the_o edge_n of_o the_o eyelid_n be_v red_a moreover_o the_o eye_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o nictating_a membrane_n between_o the_o eye_n and_o back_o it_o be_v thick-feathered_n of_o a_o ash-colour_n the_o neck_n be_v very_o agile_a so_o that_o she_o can_v turn_v her_o head_n much_o backward_o the_o leg_n be_v whitish_a sprinkle_v with_o livid_v speck_n rough_a down_o to_o the_o foot_n the_o toe_n stand_v two_o forward_a two_o backward_o it_o have_v not_o be_v our_o hap_n as_o yet_o to_o see_v a_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n if_o it_o be_v distinct_a from_o our_o describe_v grey_a owl_n for_o that_o bird_n which_o by_o we_o in_o england_n be_v call_v owl_n and_o owlet_n and_o madge-howlet_n be_v the_o aluco_n of_o gesner_n and_o aldrovandus_n although_o owl_n be_v with_o we_o a_o general_a name_n attribute_v to_o all_o night-bird_n §._o vi_o the_o little_a owl_n noctua_n the_o bird_n we_o describe_v of_o this_o kind_n we_o buy_v in_o the_o market_n at_o vienna_n in_o austria_n where_o they_o call_v it_o schaffilt_v it_o be_v a_o cock_n scarce_o so_o big_a as_o a_o blackbird_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o measure_n tail_n be_v almost_o seven_o inch_n its_o breadth_n the_o wing_n be_v extend_v more_o than_o fourteen_o inch_n the_o bill_n be_v white_a and_o like_a to_o that_o of_o other_o owl_n the_o tongue_n a_o palate_n little_a divide_v as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o tribe_n the_o palate_n below_o black_a have_v a_o wide_a or_o gape_v cleave_v and_o below_o it_o a_o round_a hole_n the_o nostril_n oblong_v the_o ear_n great_a the_o eye_n eye_n lesser_a and_o handsome_a than_o in_o other_o owl_n the_o wreath_n or_o circle_n of_o feather_n encompass_v the_o face_n beyond_o the_o ear_n lesser_a hood_n and_o less_o easy_o discernible_a the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a brown_a with_o side_n a_o mixture_n of_o red_a have_v transverse_a whitish_a spot_n the_o tail_n be_v 2_o ¾_n inch_n long_o compound_v of_o twelve_o feather_n exact_o equal_a have_v tail_n five_o or_o six_o transverse_a white_a bar_n the_o feather_n about_o the_o ear_n be_v more_o variegated_a with_o black_a and_o white_a the_o side_n chin_n and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o belly_n white_a the_o breast_n mark_v with_o long_a dusky_a spot_n the_o number_n of_o beam-feather_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v twenty_o four_o their_o interior_a web_n wing-feather_n be_v spot_v with_o round_a white_a spot_n it_o be_v feather_v almost_o down_o to_o the_o claw_n except_v two_o or_o three_o annulary_a scale_n talon_n the_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a yellow_a it_o have_v two_o back-toe_n and_o as_o many_o fore-ones_a the_o sol_n of_o the_o foot_n be_v yellow_a the_o claw_n black_a the_o inner_a side_n of_o the_o middle_a claw_n be_v thin_v into_o a_o edge_n it_o have_v a_o great_a gall_n the_o length_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v ten_o inch_n of_o the_o blind_a gut_n gut_n one_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o wood_n of_o austria_n but_o rare_o resemble_v much_o gesner_n figure_n of_o place_n noctua_n which_o therefore_o we_o have_v take_v for_o it_o afterward_o we_o see_v it_o expose_v to_o sale_n at_o rome_n they_o use_v it_o for_o catch_v of_o small_a bird_n see_v the_o manner_n in_o olina_n use_v aldrovandus_n say_v that_o it_o be_v tell_v he_o that_o the_o german_n do_v sometime_o take_v in_o their_o country_n a_o sort_n of_o little_a owl_n which_o when_o come_v to_o its_o full_a growth_n be_v no_o big_a than_o a_o lark_n which_o they_o call_v by_o a_o diminutive_a name_n keutzlin_n but_o however_o aldrovandus_n happen_v not_o to_o see_v it_o the_o same_o bird_n be_v doubtless_o also_o find_v in_o italy_n for_o we_o observe_v they_o at_o rome_n stand_v on_o perche_n to_o be_v sell_v and_o we_o can_v hardly_o believe_v they_o bring_v they_o so_o far_o as_o out_o of_o germany_n §._o vii_o *_o aldrovandus_fw-la his_o noctua_n that_o which_o aldrovandus_n have_v describe_v and_o figure_v for_o the_o noctua_n be_v about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o dove_n nine_o inch_n long_o have_v a_o great_a head_n flat_o above_o large_a grey_a eye_n the_o feather_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v partly_o of_o a_o pale_a chesnut_n
a_o dark_a green_a the_o throat_n and_o uppermost_a ridge_n of_o the_o wing_n with_o a_o vermilion_n red_a the_o breast_n and_o thigh_n again_o be_v green_a the_o part_n of_o the_o belly_n lie_v between_o the_o thigh_n and_o the_o breast_n be_v of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n obscure_o red_a or_o of_o that_o the_o painter_n call_v umber_v terrae_fw-la umbriae_fw-la some_o of_o the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n viz._n the_o outmost_a be_v blue_a but_o with_o some_o mixture_n of_o white_a the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o belly_n next_o the_o rump_n yellow_a the_o tail_n be_v red_a in_o the_o middle_n the_o side_n be_v variegated_a with_o red_a yellow_a and_o blue_a almost_o all_o the_o feather_n have_v their_o utmost_a tip_n black_a but_o else_o be_v green_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n cinereous_a this_o bird_n from_o the_o great_a variety_n of_o its_o colour_n may_v well_o be_v call_v the_o particoloured_a or_o many-coloured_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d parrot_n it_o be_v of_o no_o less_o than_o seven_o several_a colour_n of_o which_o yet_o the_o chief_a be_v green_a mr._n willughby_n do_v thus_o brief_o describe_v either_o this_o same_o parrot_n or_o one_o very_o like_o it_o it_o be_v of_o a_o green_a colour_n lesser_a than_o a_o pigeon_n the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o hazel_n colour_n the_o bill_n be_v white_a from_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o crown_n it_o be_v also_o white_a under_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o under_o chap_n it_o be_v of_o a_o vermilion_a colour_n the_o middle_n of_o the_o breast_n and_o belly_n between_o the_o leg_n be_v red_a the_o outer_a web_n of_o the_o tail-feather_n to_o the_o shaft_n be_v of_o a_o flame-colour_n towards_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n the_o edge_n of_o all_o the_o feather_n be_v dark_a or_o blackish_a the_o outmost_a flag-feather_n be_v bluish_a the_o exterior_a border_n of_o the_o tail-end_n be_v bluish_a a_o dark_a spot_n cover_v the_o ear_n the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a green_a §._o vi_o *_o the_o red_n and_o blue_a parrot_n of_o aldrovandus_n this_o bird_n be_v nine_o inch_n long_o sufficient_o corpulent_a the_o bill_n not_o so_o great_a as_o in_o the_o precedent_n blackish_a the_o head_n neck_n and_o breast_n be_v blue_a the_o top_n of_o the_o crown_n remarkable_a for_o a_o yellow_a spot_n the_o region_n of_o the_o eye_n white_a the_o pupil_n black_a the_o iris_n dusky_a the_o side_n of_o the_o belly_n under_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n yellow_a the_o belly_n green_a the_o thigh_n white_a with_o a_o shadow_n of_o green_a the_o rump_n yellow_a the_o top_n of_o the_o back_n of_o a_o pale_a blue_a the_o covert_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n particoloured_a of_o green_a yellow_a and_o rosy_a the_o end_n of_o the_o back_n or_o region_n of_o the_o loin_n yellowish_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v ash-coloured_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n be_v of_o a_o rose-colour_n or_o bluish_a §._o vii_o aldrovandus_n his_o ash-coloured_a or_o bluish_a parrot_n this_o according_a to_o aldrovandus_n be_v ten_o inch_n long_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o tame_a pigeon_n or_o the_o common_a green_a parrot_n the_o bill_n be_v black_a the_o nostril_n near_o to_o one_o another_o in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o bill_n next_o to_o the_o head_n which_o part_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o naked_a white_a skin_n we_o afterward_o observe_v the_o same_o figure_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o nostril_n in_o all_o other_o parrot_n the_o whole_a body_n be_v of_o a_o uniform_a colour_n viz._n a_o dark_a cinereous_a yet_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o back_n and_o belly_n and_o the_o rump_n be_v pale_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n and_o almost_o white_a the_o tail_n be_v red_a of_o a_o vermilion_a colour_n very_o short_a and_o scarce_o reach_v further_o than_o the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n the_o region_n of_o the_o eye_n side_n of_o the_o head_n round_o the_o eye_n be_v white_a and_o bare_a of_o feather_n the_o feather_n of_o the_o head_n and_o neck_n be_v short_a than_o the_o other_o they_o say_v that_o all_o of_o this_o kind_n be_v bring_v from_o mina_n a_o indian_a city_n of_o st._n george_n we_o have_v see_v many_o of_o they_o at_o london_n §._o viii_o *_o the_o red_n and_o white_a parrot_n of_o aldrovandus_n it_o be_v equal_a to_o a_o indifferent_a great_a capon_n seventeen_o inch_n long_o the_o head_n and_o neck_n thick_a the_o whole_a body_n white_a but_o moderate_o shade_v with_o dusky_a so_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v ash-coloured_a it_o be_v bill_n be_v black_a the_o hook_a part_n be_v long_o than_o in_o other_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o back_n the_o rump_n the_o whole_a tail_n and_o prime_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o scarlet_a colour_n miniaceo_fw-la colore_fw-la the_o foot_n as_o in_o other_o blackish_a in_o bigness_n of_o body_n it_o give_v not_o place_n to_o that_o great_a sort_n which_o be_v less_o vocal_a call_v maccaws_n in_o this_o only_o it_o be_v inferior_a to_o they_o that_o it_o have_v a_o short_a tail_n for_o which_o cause_n notwithstanding_o its_o magnitude_n we_o have_v place_v it_o in_o this_o classis_fw-la or_o rank_fw-la §._o ix_o *_o marggravius_n his_o middle-sized_a parrot_n the_o first_o species_n call_v ajurucurau_n be_v a_o very_a elegant_a bird_n above_o the_o bill_n on_o the_o head_n it_o have_v a_o tuft_n or_o cop_z of_o a_o lovely_a blue_a the_o throat_n side_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v clothe_v with_o feather_n of_o a_o delicate_a yellow_a the_o whole_a body_n of_o pleasant_a green_a in_o brief_a it_o be_v elegant_o variegated_a the_o tail_n be_v green_a but_o when_o it_o spread_v it_o appear_v edge_v or_o fringe_v with_o black_a red_z and_o blue_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n of_o a_o ash-coloour_a the_o bill_n more_o dusky_a the_o eye_n black_a with_o a_o golden_a circle_n about_o the_o pupil_n the_o tongue_n of_o all_o be_v broad_a and_o thick_a the_o second_o species_n be_v like_a to_o the_o former_a a_o little_a differ_v in_o the_o variegation_n of_o the_o colour_n viz._n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n it_o have_v a_o yellow_a cop_z wherewith_o white_a be_v mingle_v above_o the_o eye_n and_o under_o the_o throat_n it_o be_v of_o a_o clear_a or_o bright_a yellow_a about_o the_o upper_a bill_n be_v a_o sea-green_a spot_n the_o three_o species_n call_v ajurucuruca_n have_v a_o tuft_n on_o its_o head_n of_o a_o colour_n mingle_v of_o blue_a and_o a_o little_a black_a and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o tuft_n a_o yellow_a spot_n below_o the_o eye_n be_v a_o yellow_a and_o on_o the_o throat_n a_o blue_a spot_n the_o breast_n be_v green_a as_o be_v also_o the_o wing_n and_o back_o but_o somewhat_o deep_o or_o dark_a the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o the_o tail_n again_o be_v more_o dilute_a the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing-feather_n be_v yellow_a and_o red_a mingle_v with_o blue_a the_o tail_n underneath_o be_v particoloured_a of_o green_a and_o yellow_a above_o of_o a_o pale_a green_a the_o leg_n of_o a_o bluish_a ash-colour_n the_o bill_n above_o cinereous_a in_o the_o extremity_n black_a the_o claw_n black_a paragua_n be_v a_o black_a parrot_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o ajurucariu_n the_o breast_n back_o and_o anteriour_a half_n of_o the_o belly_n remarkable_o red_a the_o eye_n black_a encompass_v with_o a_o red_a circle_n or_o iris_n the_o bill_n dusky_a or_o of_o a_o dark_a ash-colour_n the_o tarabe_n of_o the_o brasilian_n be_v a_o green_a parrot_n big_a than_o a_o paragua_n with_o a_o red_a head_n and_o breast_n of_o which_o colour_n be_v also_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o wing_n the_o beak_n and_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a ash-colour_n ajurucatinga_fw-mi of_o the_o brasilian_n be_v a_o parrot_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o handsome_a pullet_n all_o green_a with_o red_a eye_n and_o the_o skin_n about_o the_o eye_n white_a the_o bill_n and_o leg_n white_a it_o have_v a_o long_a green_a tail_n this_o in_o colour_n and_o length_n of_o the_o tail_n agree_v with_o the_o parakeet_n but_o differ_v from_o it_o in_o bigness_n ajurupara_n agree_v in_o all_o respect_n with_o the_o precedent_n only_o it_o be_v less_o chap._n iu._n of_o the_o lesser_a sort_n of_o parrot_n call_v parrakeet_n §._o i._o *_o the_o ring-parrakeet_a or_o psittacus_fw-la of_o the_o ancient_n aldrov_n this_o be_v the_o first_o of_o all_o the_o parrot_n bring_v out_o of_o india_n into_o europe_n and_o the_o only_a one_o know_v to_o the_o ancient_n for_o a_o long_a time_n to_o wit_n from_o the_o time_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a to_o the_o age_n of_o nero_n by_o who_o searcher_n as_o pliny_n witness_v parrot_n be_v discover_v elsewhere_o viz._n in_o gagaude_n a_o island_n of_o aethiopia_n it_o be_v fourteen_o inch_n long_o have_v
a_o thick_a bill_n all_o over_o red_a a_o yellow_a iris_n or_o circle_n encompass_n the_o pupil_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o be_v as_o in_o most_o bird_n black_a the_o head_n and_o all_o the_o body_n beside_o be_v green_a but_o the_o neck_n breast_n and_o whole_a underside_n more_o dilute_a or_o pale_a the_o upper_a side_n deeper-coloured_n from_o the_o low_a chap_n of_o the_o bill_n under_o the_o chin_n a_o black_a line_n be_v draw_v downward_o as_o far_o as_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o breast_n which_o then_o divide_v and_o go_v away_o to_o each_o side_n of_o the_o neck_n till_o it_o meet_v with_o that_o red_a circle_n or_o ring_n which_o compass_v the_o backside_n of_o the_o neck_n this_o ring_n be_v behind_o of_o the_o breadth_n of_o one_o little_a finger_n but_o grow_v narrow_a by_o degree_n towards_o the_o side_n the_o belly_n be_v of_o so_o faint_a a_o green_a that_o it_o seem_v almost_o to_o be_v yellow_a the_o outmost_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n next_o the_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a dusky_a green_a about_o the_o middle_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n distinguish_v with_o a_o red_a mark_n the_o tail_n which_o be_v about_o two_o palm_n long_o be_v also_o of_o a_o yellowish_a green_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n ash-coloured_a whence_o solinus_n do_v not_o right_o affirm_v that_o it_o have_v no_o difference_n of_o colour_n but_o only_o the_o ring_n of_o red_a about_o the_o neck_n nor_o apuleius_n that_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o foot_n be_v red_a extimas_fw-la palmulas_fw-la rubere_fw-la they_o be_v cinereous_a unless_o we_o can_v think_v they_o describe_v another_o bird_n of_o this_o sort_n §._o ii_o *_o the_o whole_o green_a parrakeet_n of_o aldrovandus_n this_o be_v of_o equal_a length_n with_o the_o former_a but_o less-bodied_n be_v not_o big_a than_o a_o throstle_n or_o mavis_n the_o bill_n be_v red_a especial_o the_o upper_a part_n for_o the_o point_n edge_n acies_fw-la and_o low_a part_n be_v blackish_a the_o pupil_n of_o the_o eye_n black_a the_o irides_fw-la of_o a_o red_a and_o saffron_n colour_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n be_v of_o a_o pleasant_a grass-green_a yet_o the_o belly_n more_o pale_a the_o master-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n of_o a_o deep_a colour_n the_o tail_n narrow_a end_v almost_o in_o a_o point_n near_o nine_o inch_n long_o the_o foot_n and_o leg_n of_o a_o different_a colour_n from_o all_o other_o parrot_n viz._n a_o red_a or_o flesh-colour_n carneous_a this_o be_v peculiarly_a by_o a_o distinct_a name_n call_v scincialo_n in_o hispaniola_n a_o island_n of_o america_n where_o it_o be_v find_v the_o italian_n for_o its_o small_a stature_n and_o bulk_n call_v it_o parochino_n and_o the_o frenchman_n as_o bellonius_fw-la say_v perroquet_n the_o red_a and_o yellow_a or_o pale_a green_a parrakeet_n of_o aldrovandus_n describe_v by_o the_o picture_n thereof_o send_v with_o many_o other_o out_o of_o japan_n to_o pope_n i_o suspect_v to_o be_v fictitious_a at_o least_o in_o many_o particular_n as_o be_v doubtless_o the_o rest_n of_o those_o picture_n therefore_o i_o have_v omit_v it_o refer_v the_o reader_n who_o desire_v further_a knowledge_n of_o it_o to_o aldrovandus_n §._o iii_o *_o the_o crest_a red_a and_o green_a parrot_n of_o aldrovandus_n the_o wing_n tail_n and_o crest_n of_o this_o bird_n be_v red_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n green_fw-mi it_o be_v crest_n resemble_v that_o of_o the_o crest_a parrot_n above_o describe_v it_o have_v very_o fair_a eye_n with_o a_o black_a pupil_n and_o red_a iris._n the_o crest_n consist_v of_o six_o feather_n three_o great_a and_o as_o many_o less_o §._o iv._o *_o marggravius_n his_o parrakeet_n call_v by_o the_o brasilian_n tui_fw-la the_o first_o species_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o swallow_n all_o over_o green_a have_v a_o very_a long_o long_a tail_n and_o a_o black_a hook_a bill_n this_o may_v be_v the_o second_o sort_n the_o second_o species_n call_v tuiaputejuba_n be_v also_o all_o over_o green_a the_o wing_n dark_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n pale_a save_o the_o belly_n which_o be_v yellowish_a the_o tail_n be_v very_o long_o the_o bird_n be_v of_o the_o same_o bigness_n with_o the_o former_a have_v great_a blackish_a eye_n a_o circle_n of_o yellow_a feather_n about_o the_o eye_n and_o above_o the_o bill_n which_o be_v black_a and_o hook_a on_o the_o head_n it_o have_v a_o great_a spot_n of_o orange-coloured_n feather_n the_o three_o call_v tuitirica_fw-la be_v somewhat_o big_a than_o those_o of_o guiny_n of_o a_o green_a colour_n all_o over_o which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v deep_a in_o the_o back_n and_o wing_n pale_a in_o the_o other_o part_n the_o bill_n crooked_a of_o a_o carnation_n colour_n the_o eye_n black_a the_o foot_n bluish_a the_o tail_n reach_v a_o little_a beyond_o the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n these_o become_v very_o tame_a so_o that_o they_o will_v take_v meat_n out_o of_o one_o mouth_n and_o permit_v one_o to_o stroke_n and_o handle_v they_o they_o learn_v also_o to_o talk_v like_o parrot_n the_o four_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o stare_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o second_o species_n but_o have_v a_o short_a tail_n the_o five_o call_v jendaya_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o blackbird_n or_o throstle_n have_v a_o black_a bill_n and_o leg_n black_a eye_n with_o a_o golden_a iris_n or_o circle_n encompass_v the_o pupil_n outward_o white_a the_o back_n wing_n and_o tail_n as_o also_o the_o low_a belly_n be_v cover_v with_o green_a feather_n with_o which_o a_o sea-colour_n be_v mingle_v the_o outside_n extremity_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n black_a the_o whole_a head_n neck_n and_o breast_n be_v of_o a_o yellow_a colour_n partly_o deep_o and_o partly_o pale_a the_o six_o call_v tuiete_a be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o lark_n the_o whole_a body_n of_o a_o light_n green_a but_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o wing_n of_o a_o bright_a blue_a the_o border_n also_o of_o all_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v blue_a so_o that_o when_o they_o be_v close_v these_o border_n altogether_o make_v a_o appearance_n of_o a_o long_a green_a stroke_n near_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o wing_n in_o the_o back_n also_o at_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o tail_n there_o be_v a_o blue_a spot_n the_o tail_n be_v short_a the_o bill_n hook_v of_o a_o carnation_n colour_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n cinereous_a the_o seven_o call_v tuipara_n by_o the_o tupinambi_n be_v also_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o lark_n and_o all_o over_o of_o a_o pale_a green_a the_o tail_n short_a so_o that_o it_o end_v with_o the_o wing_n be_v equal_o extend_v the_o bill_n of_o a_o carnation_n colour_n the_o leg_n grey_a or_o grisled_a near_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o bill_n in_o the_o forehead_n it_o have_v a_o scarlet_a spot_n of_o a_o semilunar_a figure_n as_o it_o be_v a_o crown_n the_o follow_a word_n corrupt_v i_o suppose_v by_o the_o error_n of_o the_o transcriber_n or_o printer_n not_o understanding_n i_o have_v omit_v they_o build_v in_o ant-heap_n leave_v by_o the_o ant_n which_o be_v find_v in_o tree_n anaca_n of_o the_o brasilian_n be_v again_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o lark_n it_o be_v bill_n dusky_a and_o hook_a the_o feather_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n be_v of_o a_o liver-colour_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o head_n about_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o brown_a the_o throat_n be_v ash-coloured_a the_o neck_n above_o and_o the_o side_n green_a the_o belly_n have_v red_a brown_a feather_n the_o back_n be_v green_a and_o have_v a_o spot_n of_o a_o light_n brown_a the_o tail_n be_v also_o of_o a_o dilute_a brown_a in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v a_o crimson_a spot_n or_o border_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o wing_n green_a the_o end_n only_o of_o a_o sea-water_n colour_n the_o leg_n above_o cover_v with_o green_a feather_n below_o bare_a and_o of_o a_o ash-colour_n have_v black_a claw_n in_o fine_a it_o be_v a_o very_a elegant_a bird_n quijubatui_n be_v all_o yellow_a of_o the_o bigness_n of_o tuiapara_n with_o a_o hook_a grey_a bill_n and_o black_a eye_n the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a green_a the_o tail_n long_o and_o yellow_a it_o easy_o become_v very_o tame_a §._o v._o the_o scarlet_a parakeeto_n with_o green_a and_o black_a wing_n it_o be_v big_a than_o a_o blackbird_n the_o whole_a body_n of_o a_o scarlet_a colour_n the_o covert_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n green_a the_o prime_a feather_n black_a have_v their_o exterior_a web_n green_a above_o and_o of_o a_o crimson_a colour_n underneath_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o wing_n yellow_a the_o tail_n a_o palm_n long_o consist_v of_o twelve_o feather_n who_o low_a half_n be_v red_a the_o upper_a be_v green_a or_o yellow_a the_o bill_n yellow_a very_o much_o hook_v hang_v down_o
half_a a_o inch_n the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n yellow_a the_o skin_n of_o the_o side_n of_o the_o head_n round_o the_o eye_n be_v bare_a and_o of_o a_o ash-colour_n the_o leg_n very_o short_a and_o black_a a_o ring_n of_o green_a feather_n compass_n the_o leg_n above_o the_o knee_n we_o see_v this_o at_o london_n in_o the_o shop_n of_o a_o certain_a tradesman_n who_o tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o the_o east-indies_n chap._n v._n *_o clusius_n his_o discourse_n and_o account_n of_o parrot_n the_o noble_a philip_n marnixius_n of_o st._n aldegond_a have_v a_o parrot_n who_o i_o have_v oft_o hear_v laugh_v like_o a_o man_n when_o he_o be_v by_o the_o bystander_n bid_v so_o to_o do_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n in_o these_o word_n riez_n perroquet_n riez_fw-fr that_o be_v laugh_v parrot_n laugh_v yea_o which_o be_v more_o wonderful_a it_o will_v present_o add_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v endue_v with_o reason_n but_o doubtless_o so_o 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the_o canida_n i_o do_v not_o remember_v the_o like_a parrot_n describe_v in_o any_o author_n moreover_o this_o bird_n be_v so_o in_o love_n with_o anna_n the_o duchess_n niece_n now_o countess_n of_o meghen_fw-mi and_o lady_n baroness_n of_o grosbeke_n that_o where_o ever_o she_o walk_v about_o the_o room_n it_o will_v follow_v she_o and_o if_o it_o see_v any_o one_o touch_v her_o clothes_n will_v strike_v at_o he_o with_o its_o bill_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v possess_v with_o a_o spirit_n of_o jealousy_n that_o parrot_n of_o the_o great_a kind_n call_v by_o the_o brasilian_n arat_fw-la as_o lerius_fw-la write_v must_v needs_o also_o be_v a_o very_a handsome_a one_o for_o he_o say_v that_o the_o prime_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o tail_n which_o be_v a_o foot_n and_o half_a long_a be_v half_a scarlet-coloured_n half_a of_o a_o elegant_a blue_a the_o shaft_n or_o nerve_n which_o cut_v the_o feather_n through_o the_o middle_a long-way_n distinguish_v those_o colour_n that_o be_v each_o feather_n be_v on_o one_o side_n the_o shaft_n blue_a on_o the_o other_o side_n read_v but_o that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v altogether_o blue_a he_o add_v that_o both_o those_o sort_n of_o great_a parrot_n viz._n arat_fw-la and_o canide_v be_v in_o great_a esteem_n among_o the_o brasilian_n because_o they_o pluck_v their_o feather_n three_o or_o four_o time_n a_o year_n to_o make_v clothes_n cap_n buckler_n and_o curtain_n and_o though_o they_o be_v not_o keep_v tame_a yet_o be_v they_o wont_v more_o to_o frequent_v and_o abide_v in_o great_a tree_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o village_n than_o in_o wood_n beside_o those_o two_o huge_a one_o the_o same_o lerius_fw-la report_n that_o there_o be_v find_v three_o or_o four_o sort_n of_o parrot_n among_o the_o brasilian_n the_o first_o of_o those_o great_a and_o thick-bodied_n one_o which_o the_o tovoupinamboutii_n a_o people_n of_o brasil_n call_v aicurous_a have_v its_o head_n adorn_v with_o feather_n particoloured_a of_o yellow_a red_a and_o violet_n the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n of_o a_o lovely_a red_a and_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o tail_n long_o and_o yellow_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n be_v whole_o green_a that_o this_o kind_n be_v seldom_o transport_v into_o foreign_a country_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v none_o that_o may_v more_o easy_o and_o perfect_o be_v teach_v to_o speak_v he_o add_v further_a that_o a_o certain_a brasilian_n woman_n live_v in_o a_o village_n two_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o island_n in_o which_o he_o with_o other_o frenchman_n dwell_v have_v a_o parrot_n of_o this_o kind_n which_o she_o make_v much_o of_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v endue_v with_o that_o understanding_n and_o reason_n that_o it_o can_v discern_v and_o comprehend_v whatever_o she_o say_v who_o bring_v it_o up_o for_o say_v he_o walk_v forth_o sometime_o to_o refresh_v ourselves_o as_o far_o as_o that_o village_n when_o we_o pass_v by_o that_o woman_n house_n she_o be_v wont_a to_o call_v upon_o we_o in_o these_o word_n will_v you_o give_v i_o a_o comb_n or_o a_o looking-glass_n and_o i_o will_v present_o make_v my_o parrot_n sing_v and_o dance_v before_o you_o if_o we_o agree_v to_o her_o request_n as_o soon_o as_o she_o have_v pronounce_v some_o word_n to_o the_o bird_n it_o begin_v not_o only_o to_o leap_v upon_o the_o perch_n on_o which_o it_o stand_v but_o also_o to_o talk_v and_o whistle_n and_o imitate_v the_o shouting_n and_o exclamation_n of_o the_o brasilian_n when_o they_o prepare_v themselves_o for_o the_o battle_n in_o brief_a when_o it_o come_v into_o its_o dame_n mind_n to_o bid_v it_o sing_v it_o sing_v to_o bid_v it_o leap_v it_o leap_v but_o if_o take_v it_o ill_o that_o she_o have_v not_o obtain_v what_o she_o ask_v she_o say_v to_o the_o bird_n auge_n that_o be_v be_v still_o or_o silent_a it_o stand_v still_o and_o hold_v its_o peace_n neither_o can_v we_o by_o any_o mean_n provoke_v it_o to_o move_v either_o foot_n or_o tongue_n the_o second_o kind_n be_v call_v by_o the_o brasilian_n marganas_n and_o be_v like_o those_o parrot_n that_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v bring_v into_o europe_n of_o no_o great_a account_n among_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o multitude_n or_o abundance_n they_o be_v not_o less_o frequent_a there_o than_o pigeon_n with_o we_o the_o three_o sort_n of_o parrot_n call_v by_o they_o tovis_n be_v not_o great_a than_o a_o starling_n and_o have_v their_o whole_a body_n cover_v with_o feather_n of_o a_o deep_a green_a but_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o tail_n which_o be_v very_o long_o have_v a_o mixture_n of_o yellow_a he_o add_v further_o that_o he_o have_v observe_v that_o the_o parrot_n of_o that_o country_n do_v not_o build_v nest_n hang_v down_o on_o the_o bough_n or_o twig_n of_o tree_n as_o some_o by_o their_o topographical_n table_n will_v persuade_v we_o but_o in_o the_o hollow_n of_o tree_n of_o a_o orbicular_a figure_n sufficient_o hard_a and_o firm_a then_o clusius_n tell_v we_o that_o he_o see_v parrot_n bring_v from_o fernambuco_n of_o the_o brasilian_n not_o exceed_v the_o bigness_n of_o a_o stare_v cover_v with_o feather_n whole_o of_o a_o green_a colour_n but_o all_o have_v a_o short_a tail_n and_o white_a bill_n and_o they_o who_o bring_v they_o over_o report_v that_o this_o kind_n be_v very_o noxious_a to_o fruit_n that_o they_o feed_v they_o by_o the_o way_n with_o grain_n of_o maiz_n that_o be_v indian_a wheat_n in_o the_o second_o voyage_n the_o hollander_n make_v into_o the_o east_n indies_n in_o java_n and_o certain_a neighbour_a island_n they_o observe_v parrot_n far_o more_o elegant_a than_o those_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o bring_v out_o of_o brasil_n and_o they_o understand_v that_o they_o be_v call_v noyras_n by_o the_o portague_n that_o frequent_v java_n and_o the_o moluccas_n that_o they_o be_v not_o very_a big-bodied_n but_o of_o so_o elegant_a a_o colour_n that_o they_o think_v more_o beautiful_a can_v not_o be_v paint_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o man._n for_o the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v cover_v with_o feather_n of_o a_o florid_n shine_v red_a colour_n the_o back_n with_o golden-coloured_n plume_n the_o wing_n adorn_v with_o feather_n particoloured_a of_o green_a and_o blue_a underneath_o the_o wing_n the_o feather_n be_v of_o a_o lovely_a shine_a red_a but_o that_o the_o price_n of_o those_o bird_n there_o be_v very_o great_a so_o that_o they_o be_v not_o rate_v at_o less_o than_o eight_o or_o ten_o german_a dollar_n linscotius_n write_v that_o the_o portague_n have_v often_o make_v trial_n to_o bring_v over_o of_o they_o to_o lisbon_n but_o can_v never_o effect_v it_o because_o they_o be_v too_o tender_a and_o delicate_a but_o the_o hollander_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o
the_o breastbone_n black_a with_o a_o certain_a feather_n bluo_n gloss_n the_o breast_n belly_n back_o and_o neck_n cinereous_a or_o grey_a the_o shaft_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v blackish_a the_o feather_n on_o the_o throat_n where_o the_o black_a and_o cinereous_a meet_v have_v their_o exterior_a side_n cinereous_a and_o their_o interior_a black_a the_o back_n be_v of_o somewhat_o a_o dark_a ash-colour_n than_o the_o belly_n it_o have_v in_o each_o wing_n twenty_o master-feather_n of_o which_o the_o first_o be_v the_o short_a the_o tail_n three_o four_o and_o five_o equal_a from_o the_o six_o the_o shaft_n be_v produce_v above_o the_o feather_n end_n in_o sharp_a point_n the_o tail_n consist_v of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o exterior_a whereof_o be_v gradual_o something_o short_a than_o the_o interior_a to_o the_o middlemost_a which_o be_v seven_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a the_o back-toe_n and_o claw_n be_v large_a the_o exterior_a and_o interior_a fore-toe_n equal_a claw_n and_o their_o claw_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o root_n of_o the_o claw_n of_o the_o middle_a toe_n the_o outmost_a and_o middle_a toe_n be_v join_v at_o the_o bottom_n asin_n the_o crow_n the_o liver_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o lobe_n the_o stomach_n or_o gizzard_n large_a and_o in_o that_o food_n we_o dissect_v be_v full_a of_o wheat_n barley_n and_o other_o grain_n it_o be_v infest_a with_o louse_n and_o tick_n in_o summer_n time_n say_v aldrovandus_n it_o live_v in_o high_a mountain_n where_o it_o also_o build_v in_o the_o winter_n compel_v as_o be_v likely_a by_o the_o cold_a it_o descend_v into_o the_o plain_n place_n on_o the_o heath_n about_o newmarket_n royston_n and_o elsewhere_o in_o cambridge-shire_n it_o be_v frequent_o see_v in_o winter_n time_n §._o v._o the_o jack-daw_n monedula_fw-la it_o weigh_v nine_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a be_v in_o length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o bill_n end_n of_o the_o tail_n thirteen_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a in_o breadth_n between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v two_o foot_n four_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a the_o bill_n be_v strong_a from_o the_o point_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n a_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n long_o the_o nostril_n round_o little_o eye_n hairy_a feather_n cover_v the_o nostril_n and_o half_a the_o bill_n the_o tongue_n cleave_v the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n whitish_a the_o ear_n large_a the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n as_o far_o as_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o neck_n incline_v to_o a_o ash-colour_n feather_n as_o also_o the_o breast_n and_o belly_n but_o less_o else_o the_o whole_a plumage_n be_v black_a with_o a_o kind_n of_o blue_a gloss_n the_o forepart_n of_o the_o head_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a black_a the_o number_n of_o prime_a feather_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v twenty_o of_o which_o the_o first_o be_v short_a quill_n by_o half_a than_o the_o second_o the_o three_o and_o four_o the_o long_a of_o all_o from_o the_o eleven_o the_o six_o follow_v have_v the_o top_n of_o their_o vane_n so_o run_v forth_o on_o each_o side_n above_o their_o shaft_n that_o these_o feather_n seem_v to_o be_v notch_a crenate_n in_o their_o top_n and_o from_o the_o angle_n of_o that_o notch_n the_o shaft_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v continue_v in_o form_n of_o a_o bristle_n the_o number_n of_o tail-feather_n be_v twelve_o whereof_o the_o exterior_a be_v somewhat_o short_a the_o tail_n length_n of_o the_o tail_n five_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a the_o back-toe_n and_o claw_n great_a than_o in_o other_o bird_n be_v usual_a the_o outmost_a fore-toe_n claw_n join_v to_o the_o middlemost_a at_o the_o bottom_n as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n it_o have_v no_o craw_n the_o stomach_n be_v musculous_a the_o length_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v twenty_o food_n four_o inch_n it_o feed_v upon_o nut_n fruit_n seed_n and_o infect_v the_o appendix_n or_o blind_a gut_n small_a and_o scarce_o a_o inch_n long_o the_o head_n of_o this_o bird_n in_o respect_n of_o its_o body_n be_v great_a which_o argue_v he_o to_o be_v ingenious_a ingenious_a and_o crafty_a which_o be_v find_v true_a by_o experience_n jackdaw_n usual_o frequent_a and_o build_v in_o ancient_a castle_n tower_n house_n and_o stonewall_n breed_v especial_o if_o they_o be_v desolate_a and_o ruinous_a in_o great_a number_n they_o build_v also_o sometime_o in_o tree_n as_o we_o can_v testify_v upon_o our_o own_o experience_n though_o aldrovandus_n be_v unwilling_a to_o believe_v it_o they_o lay_v five_o or_o six_o egg_n lesser_a pale_a and_o have_v few_o eggs._n spot_n than_o those_o of_o crow_n aldrovandus_n make_v the_o latin_a graculus_n which_o answer_v to_o the_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o name_n common_a or_o general_a name_n contain_v under_o it_o four_o species_n viz._n the_o coracias_n or_o chough_n the_o lupus_n or_o jackdaw_n the_o scurra_fw-la or_o and_o the_o graculus_n palmipe_v or_o shag_a but_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o graculus_n be_v sometime_o appropriate_v to_o the_o jackdaw_n as_o he_o acknowledge_v beside_o the_o common_a jackdaw_n we_o have_v now_o describe_v aldrovandus_n set_v forth_o a_o figure_n ring-jackdaw_n of_o another_o difier_v from_o this_o only_o in_o that_o it_o have_v a_o white_a ring_n about_o its_o neck_n gesncr_n also_o write_v from_o the_o report_n of_o other_o that_o about_o zug_n in_o switzerland_n there_o be_v find_v a_o jackdaw_n distinguish_v from_o the_o common_a by_o a_o ring_n of_o white_a encompass_v his_o neck_n as_o for_o that_o species_n of_o daw_n graculus_n in_o rhaetia_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o tulla_n which_o gesner_n also_o mention_n have_v a_o blue_a head_n he_o give_v we_o no_o other_o note_n of_o it_o i_o can_v tell_v what_o to_o determine_v concern_v it_o the_o vulgar_a and_o ignorant_a fowler_n love_v to_o tell_v wonder_n and_o amplify_v thing_n and_o therefore_o their_o relation_n be_v not_o much_o to_o be_v confide_v in_o what_o gesner_n deliver_v of_o his_o own_o sight_n or_o knowledge_n i_o ready_o believe_v and_o accept_v for_o true_a he_o be_v a_o author_n of_o great_a judgement_n and_o no_o less_o fidelity_n and_o integrity_n but_o what_o he_o have_v from_o the_o relation_n of_o other_o i_o do_v often_o suspect_v beside_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o short_a rude_a imperfect_a and_o general_a description_n make_v by_o such_o as_o be_v not_o practise_v and_o skilful_a in_o describe_v and_o observe_v the_o certain_a and_o characteristic_a note_n of_o each_o species_n have_v occasion_v great_a confusion_n and_o multiplication_n of_o more_o kind_n of_o bird_n and_o other_o creature_n than_o nature_n have_v produce_v §._o vi_o the_o cornish_a chough_n coracias_fw-la seu_fw-la pyrrhocorax_n the_o female_a weigh_v twelve_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a the_o male_a thirteen_o the_o length_n measure_n from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o foot_n sixteen_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n seventeen_o the_o wing_n spread_v be_v thirty_o three_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a wide_a it_o be_v like_o a_o jackdaw_n but_o big_a and_o almost_o equal_a to_o a_o crow_n it_o differ_v chief_o from_o palate_n the_o jackdaw_n in_o the_o bill_n which_o be_v long_o red_z sharp_a a_o little_a bow_v or_o crooked_a the_o upper_a mandible_a be_v something_o long_a than_o the_o low_a the_o nostril_n round_o the_o tongue_n broad_a thin_a and_o a_o little_a cleave_a short_a than_o the_o bill_n the_o side_n of_o the_o fissure_v of_o the_o palate_n and_o windpipe_n and_o of_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v rough_a and_o as_o it_o be_v hairy_a feather_n reflect_v downward_o cover_v the_o nostril_n the_o foot_n and_o feather_n leg_n be_v like_o those_o of_o a_o jackdaw_n but_o red_a of_o colour_n the_o plumage_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n all_o over_o be_v black_a the_o number_n of_o prime_a feather_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v twenty_o of_o which_o the_o first_o be_v short_a wing-feather_n than_o the_o second_o that_o than_o the_o three_o the_o three_o than_o the_o four_o which_o be_v the_o long_a of_o all_o be_v by_o measure_n ten_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a the_o wing_n complicate_v extend_v as_o far_o as_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n the_o tail-feather_n be_v in_o number_n twelve_o all_o equal_a or_o tail_n if_o any_o difference_n be_v the_o middle_a a_o little_a the_o long_o as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v by_o measure_n 5⅜_n inch_n the_o liver_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o lobe_n of_o which_o the_o left_a be_v the_o less_o the_o spleen_n entrail_n long_o soft_a and_o round_o the_o stomach_n fleshy_a and_o full_a of_o infect_v it_o frequent_v rock_n old_a castle_n and_o church_n by_o the_o seaside_n it_o be_v find_v not_o only_o place_n in_o cornwall_n but_o also_o in_o wales_n and_o all_o along_o
also_o frequent_o flirt_v up_o that_o rudiment_n of_o a_o tail_n as_o wren_n and_o wagtail_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v each_o foot_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o toe_n stand_v forward_o and_o two_o backward_a above_o of_o a_o violet-colour_n underneath_o of_o a_o ash_n or_o grey_a it_o often_o hop_v and_o leap_v up_o and_o down_o and_o cry_v with_o a_o voice_n not_o unlike_o the_o chatter_a of_o a_o magpie_n it_o feed_v upon_o almost_o all_o the_o same_o thing_n that_o parrot_n do_v but_o be_v most_o greedy_a of_o grape_n which_o be_v pluck_v off_o one_o by_o one_o and_o toss_v to_o it_o it_o will_v most_o dextrous_o catch_v in_o the_o air_n before_o they_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n the_o flesh_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a violet_n colour_n faber_n do_v not_o undeserved_o inquire_v how_o see_v the_o bill_n be_v so_o light_a and_o thin_a the_o bird_n can_v pierce_v tree_n with_o it_o which_o difficulty_n he_o thus_o satisfy_v that_o though_o it_o be_v thin_a and_o light_a yet_o be_v it_o of_o a_o bony_a substance_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o that_o dextrous_o use_v by_o the_o live_a animal_n it_o shall_v therewith_o by_o many_o repeat_v stroke_n pierce_v a_o tree_n have_v perchance_o the_o instinct_n to_o choose_v a_o rot_a one_o as_o we_o see_v drop_n of_o rain_n wear_v hole_n in_o flint_n nay_o the_o very_a foot_n of_o pismire_n walk_v often_o over_o they_o as_o pliny_n observe_v make_v impression_n on_o they_o brasil_n lerius_fw-la write_v that_o this_o bird_n be_v of_o the_o colour_n of_o a_o raven_n except_o the_o breast_n which_o be_v of_o a_o saffron-colour_n compass_v beneath_o with_o a_o line_n of_o vermilion_n the_o skin_n of_o which_o part_n pluck_v off_o the_o indian_n dry_a and_o use_v for_o a_o ornament_n of_o their_o cheek_n glue_v it_o on_o with_o wax_n this_o same_o bird_n be_v describe_v by_o 7._o john_n de_fw-fr laet_n out_o of_o a_o portague_n author_n and_o out_o of_o the_o same_o by_o 15._o marggrave_n it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n say_v he_o of_o a_o pie_n or_o dove_n have_v a_o crop_n under_o the_o breast_n three_o or_o four_o inch_n broad_a of_o a_o saffron-colour_n and_o compass_v about_o the_o border_n with_o vermilion_a feather_n the_o breast_n be_v yellow_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n black_a one_o will_v wonder_v how_o so_o little_a a_o bird_n can_v carry_v so_o great_a a_o bill_n but_o it_o be_v exceed_o light_a and_o very_o tender_a we_o have_v see_v in_o several_a cabinet_n the_o bill_n of_o this_o bird_n and_o ourselves_o have_v also_o one_o of_o they_o §._o iii_o the_o jay_n pica_n glandaria_fw-la it_o weigh_v seven_o ounce_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o measure_n tail_n be_v fourteen_o inch_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o foot_n but_o twelve_o and_o a_o half_a the_o distance_n between_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v twenty_o one_o and_o a_o half_a the_o bill_n black_a strong_a from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n about_o or_o near_o a_o inch_n and_o bill_n half_a long_a the_o tongue_n black_a thin_a pellucid_a and_o cleave_v at_o the_o tip_n the_o irides_fw-la of_o colour_n the_o eye_n white_a the_o feather_n of_o the_o head_n and_o body_n in_o this_o bird_n be_v tall_a slendere_a and_o stand_v more_o stare_v or_o erect_v than_o ordinary_a near_o the_o low_a chap_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v two_o black_a spot_n on_o each_o side_n one_o the_o chin_n and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o belly_n whitish_a else_o the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o colour_n mix_v of_o cinereous_a and_o red_a the_o rump_n above_o be_v white_a the_o back_o red_a with_o a_o certain_a mixture_n of_o blue_a the_o feather_n on_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n variegated_a with_o black_a and_o white_a the_o sail_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v in_o number_n twenty_o of_o which_o the_o first_o be_v short_a by_o half_a wing-feather_n than_o the_o second_o the_o four_o the_o long_a be_v by_o measure_n six_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n as_o for_o their_o colour_n the_o first_o or_o outmost_a be_v black_a the_o bottom_n or_o low_a part_n be_v white_a which_o be_v proper_a to_o it_o alone_o the_o six_o next-following_a have_v their_o exterior_a vane_n of_o a_o ash-colour_n the_o three_o next_o likewise_o but_o more_o obscure_a and_o mingle_v with_o blue_a be_v also_o mark_v towards_o their_o bottom_n with_o transverse_a black_a and_o white_a stroke_n the_o five_o succeed_a have_v their_o exterior_a vane_n half_o white_a half_a black_a viz._n the_o low_a half_o white_a the_o upper_a black_a but_o so_o that_o each_o extremity_n of_o the_o white_a be_v terminate_v with_o blue_a the_o sixteen_o in_o place_n of_o the_o white_a of_o the_o four_o precedent_n have_v transverse_a blue_a black_a and_o white_a spot_n the_o seventeen_o be_v black_a have_v one_o or_o two_o blue_a spot_n the_o eighteen_o be_v black_a with_o some_o little_a red_a the_o nineteen_o red_a with_o the_o tip_n black_a the_o underside_n of_o all_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a or_o dusky_a colour_n the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o fifteen_o exterior_a sail_n be_v very_o beautiful_a be_v variegated_a or_o chequer_a with_o black_a white_z and_o lovely_a shine_a blue_a line_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o covert-feather_n be_v black_a the_o tail_n be_v six_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n long_o consist_v of_o twelve_o feather_n whole_o tail_n black_a except_o towards_o their_o root_n under_o the_o rump_n there_o be_v something_o of_o blue_a mingle_v with_o cinereous_a the_o foot_n and_o toe_n be_v of_o a_o ferrugineous_a dusky_a colour_n the_o middle_a toe_n be_v the_o toe_n long_a the_o outmost_a be_v equal_a to_o the_o back-toe_n the_o low_a internodium_fw-la of_o the_o outmost_a toe_n be_v join_v to_o the_o middlemost_a the_o back_n claw_n be_v great_a the_o egg_n be_v cinereous_a with_o dark_a spot_n scarce_o appear_v the_o gut_n twenty_o gut_n four_o inch_n long_o the_o blind_a gut_n but_o half_a a_o inch_n it_o have_v a_o gall_n and_o a_o long_a spleen_n the_o stomach_n or_o gizzard_n not_o very_o fleshy_a and_o have_v its_o echinus_n wherein_o we_o find_v gizzard_n acorn_n etc._n etc._n yet_o it_o feed_v not_o only_o on_o acorn_n whence_o it_o get_v the_o name_n of_o pica_n glandaria_fw-la food_n but_o also_o upon_o cherry_n of_o which_o it_o be_v very_o greedy_a goose-berry_n rasp_v and_o other_o fruit_n it_o differ_v from_o that_o describe_v by_o aldrovandus_n in_o that_o it_o have_v no_o transverse_a spot_n in_o jay_n the_o tail_n the_o female_a differ_v little_a or_o nothing_o from_o the_o male_a either_o in_o bigness_n or_o colour_n so_o that_o it_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o know_v they_o asunder_o it_o learn_v to_o imitate_v man_n voice_n and_o speak_v articulate_o as_o well_o as_o a_o jackdaw_n speak_v §._o iv._o the_o roller_n garrulus_fw-la argentoratensis_n the_o bird_n we_o describe_v be_v a_o cock_n and_o weigh_v six_o ounce_n it_o be_v length_n from_o measure_n the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o claw_n eleven_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n thirteen_o and_o a_o half_a the_o breadth_n or_o distance_n between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v twenty_o six_o inch_n the_o bill_n be_v black_a sharp_a something_o hook_v otherwise_o like_a to_o that_o of_o a_o jay_n from_o eye_n the_o point_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n 1_o â…_n inch_n long_o the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a hazel-colour_n near_o the_o eye_n towards_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v palate_n two_o bunch_n as_o it_o be_v wart_n void_a of_o feather_n the_o tongue_n black_a as_o in_o jay_n jagged_a or_o tear_v but_o not_o cleave_v the_o roof_n of_o the_o mouth_n green_a and_o have_v a_o double_a cleave_a or_o fissure_v the_o bottom_n of_o the_o palate_n be_v rugged_a or_o rough_a with_o little_a bunch_n at_o the_o base_a of_o the_o tongue_n there_o be_v only_o a_o little_a fork_a excrescency_n on_o each_o side_n the_o circumference_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v bare_a or_o void_a of_o feather_n colour_n the_o rump_n and_o lesser_a row_n of_o covert_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o lovely_a blue_a or_o ultramarine_a colour_n as_o the_o painter_n call_v it_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_n between_o the_o shoulder_n red_a the_o head_n of_o a_o sordid_a green_a mingle_v with_o blue_a of_o which_o colour_n be_v also_o the_o throat_n with_o white_a line_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o each_o feather_n the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a blue_a like_o those_o of_o a_o pigeon_n the_o number_n of_o sail_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v twenty_o of_o which_o the_o first_o second_o and_o three_o wing-feather_n
caterpillar_n and_o cossi_n it_o sit_v more_o upon_o the_o ground_n than_o other_o woodpecker_n and_o seek_v its_o food_n there_o it_o be_v tongue_n be_v round_o end_v in_o a_o stiff_a sharp_a bony_a tip_n dent_v on_o both_o side_n this_o tongue_n the_o bird_n can_v dart_v out_o to_o a_o great_a length_n viz._n some_o three_o or_o four_o inch_n and_o draw_v up_o again_o by_o the_o help_n of_o two_o small_a round_a cartilage_n fasten_v into_o the_o forementioned_a bony_a tip_n and_o run_v along_o the_o length_n of_o the_o tongue_n these_o cartilage_n from_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n take_v a_o circuit_n beyond_o the_o ear_n and_o be_v reflect_v backward_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n where_o they_o both_o meet_v again_o and_o be_v keep_v down_o down_o by_o a_o ligament_n go_v over_o they_o make_v a_o large_a bow_n below_o the_o ligament_n they_o run_v down_o the_o sagittal_n suture_a and_o then_o decline_v a_o little_a to_o the_o right_a side_n pass_v just_a above_o the_o orbit_n of_o the_o right_a eye_n and_o along_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o bill_n into_o a_o hole_n excavate_v there_o whence_o they_o have_v their_o rise_n or_o original_n the_o musculous_a spungy_a flesh_n of_o the_o tongue_n enclose_v these_o cartilage_n like_o a_o sheath_n and_o be_v so_o make_v that_o it_o may_v be_v extend_v or_o contract_v like_o a_o worm_n that_o part_n also_o of_o these_o cartilage_n reach_v from_o the_o hind_a part_n of_o the_o head_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v cover_v with_o the_o like_a musculous_a flesh_n that_o may_v be_v contract_v or_o extend_v like_o the_o tongue_n only_o both_o cartilage_n be_v not_o enclose_v in_o one_o muscle_n but_o have_v each_o its_o several_a distinct_a musculous_a sheath_n like_o two_o small_a string_n or_o worm_n on_o the_o end_n of_o these_o cartilage_n for_o i_o can_v without_o much_o force_n draw_v they_o out_o of_o their_o socket_n in_o the_o bill_n there_o be_v a_o white_a glutinous_a or_o mucous_a matter_n on_o the_o inside_n the_o flexure_n of_o these_o cartilage_n reach_v from_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n be_v a_o broad_a thin_a muscle_n which_o serve_v to_o move_v the_o cartilage_n to_o and_o fro_o for_o by_o contract_v itself_o it_o streighten_v the_o bow_n of_o the_o cartilage_n almost_o after_o the_o manner_n as_o the_o tunica_n uvea_o dilate_v the_o pupil_n and_o so_o necessary_o force_v the_o cartilage_n forward_o through_o the_o tongue_n and_o thrust_v out_o the_o tongue_n but_o we_o leave_v these_o thing_n to_o be_v more_o curious_o weigh_v and_o examine_v by_o other_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o shaft_n of_o the_o tail-feather_n in_o this_o and_o other_o woodpecker_n seem_v to_o be_v break_v or_o wear_v off_o by_o their_o rest_v upon_o they_o in_o climb_v this_o kind_n lay_v five_o or_o six_o egg_n at_o once_o i_o have_v see_v six_o young_a one_o together_o in_o a_o nest_n *_o bellonius_fw-la his_o great_a green_a woodpecker_n bellonius_fw-la make_v this_o bird_n which_o he_o will_v have_v to_o be_v aristotle_n three_o kind_n of_o woodpecker_n far_a great_a than_o the_o common_a green_a woodspite_n now_o describe_v he_o give_v he_o a_o crooked_a bill_n contrary_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o tribe_n foot_n after_o the_o fashion_n of_o other_o divers_a spot_n in_o the_o wing_n such_o as_o be_v see_v in_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o rest_n but_o different_a in_o colour_n §._o iii_o the_o great_a spot_v woodpecker_n or_o witwall_n picus_n varius_fw-la major_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d arist_n it_o be_v as_o big_a or_o big_a than_o a_o blackbird_n the_o female_a weigh_v two_o ounce_n three_o quarter_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o claw_n be_v eight_o inch_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n nine_o and_o a_o half_a the_o distance_n between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v sixteen_o inch_n the_o bill_n in_o the_o cock_n be_v a_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n long_o measure_v from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o slit_n of_o the_o mouth_n straight_o black_a thick_a at_o the_o head_n and_o slenderer_n by_o degree_n end_v in_o a_o sharp_a point_n be_v of_o a_o triangular_a pyramidal_a figure_n and_o channel_a with_o a_o furrow_n or_o two_o the_o nostril_n round_o and_o cover_v with_o black_a bristle_n the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n red_a the_o tongue_n make_v like_o that_o of_o the_o green_a woodpecker_n on_o the_o hind_a part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v a_o line_n of_o crimson_n or_o vermilion_a red_a reach_v from_o white_a to_o white_a in_o each_o cheek_n in_o the_o cock_n not_o in_o the_o hen._n in_o the_o hen_n the_o throat_n and_o breast_n be_v of_o a_o dirty_a yellowish_a white_a the_o low_a belly_n under_o the_o tail_n of_o a_o colour_n lovely_a red_a or_o crimson_a colour_n hence_o the_o italian_n call_v it_o cull_v rosso_fw-it the_o welsh_a by_o a_o name_n signify_v fire-tail_n the_o feather_n encompass_v the_o base_a of_o the_o upper_a chap_n and_o those_o about_o the_o eye_n and_o ear_n be_v white_a the_o head_n be_v black_a with_o a_o dash_n of_o shine_v green_a the_o back_o also_o black_a at_o the_o insertion_n of_o the_o wing_n on_o each_o side_n be_v a_o great_a white_a spot_n from_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o mouth_n a_o broad_a black_a stroke_n reach_v own_o to_o the_o back_n just_o below_o the_o head_n another_o black_a stroke_n cross_v this_o the_o flag-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v in_o number_n twenty_o of_o which_o the_o first_o or_o outmost_a be_v the_o short_a black_a and_o mark_v with_o semicircular_a white_a spot_n the_o interior_a covert_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v white_a and_o make_v up_o part_n of_o those_o white_a spot_n we_o mention_v on_o the_o shoulder_n the_o middlemost_a be_v whole_o black_a the_o exterior_a have_v one_o or_o two_o white_a spot_n the_o ridge_n or_o base_a of_o the_o wing_n be_v white_a the_o tail_n be_v three_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a make_v up_o of_o ten_o feather_n of_o which_o the_o two_o middlemost_a be_v the_o long_a be_v strong_a stiff_a sharp-pointed_a and_o bend_a inward_o the_o shaft_n as_o in_o other_o be_v not_o produce_v to_o the_o utmost_a tip_n perchance_o wear_v or_o break_v off_o with_o climb_v by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o feather_n appear_v fork_v the_o outmost_a tail-feather_n on_o each_o side_n be_v small_a black_a and_o have_v a_o white_a spot_n in_o the_o exterior_a web._n in_o the_o two_o next_o the_o low_a part_n be_v black_a and_o the_o rest_n white_a with_o two_o transverse_a black_a spot_n or_o stroke_n of_o which_o the_o upper_a cut_v both_o web_n of_o the_o feather_n the_o low_a only_o the_o interior_a in_o the_o three_o the_o black_a reach_v high_a and_o the_o white_a part_n have_v only_o one_o transverse_a black_a stroke_n the_o four_o pair_n be_v all_o black_a have_v only_o a_o semicircular_a spot_n of_o white_a towards_o the_o top_n the_o very_a tip_n be_v of_o a_o red_a white_a the_o two_o middlemost_a be_v whole_o black_a annot._n i_o think_v it_o be_v not_o needful_a so_o scrupulous_o to_o describe_v every_o particular_a spot_n in_o each_o feather_n for_o that_o nature_n take_v a_o latitude_n sport_v herself_o as_o they_o call_v it_o in_o these_o lesser_a thing_n not_o observe_v always_o the_o same_o number_n figure_n and_o situation_n of_o spot_n in_o the_o bird_n i_o describe_v the_o flag-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v spot_v on_o both_o side_n the_o shaft_n with_o white_a spot_n which_o when_o the_o wing_n be_v extend_v stand_v in_o row_n cross_v the_o feather_n the_o four_o middle_a feather_n of_o the_o tail_n whole_o black_a the_o rest_z variegated_a with_o white_a and_o black_a transverse_a spot_n the_o feather_n stand_v so_o that_o the_o tail_n when_o shut_v seem_v a_o little_a fork_a the_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o lead_n colour_n it_o have_v the_o toe_n so_o situate_a as_o the_o other_o of_o this_o kind_n viz._n two_o forward_a two_o backward_o the_o two_o fore-toe_n likewise_o connect_v from_o the_o divarication_n place_n to_o the_o first_o joint_n it_o have_v a_o small_a liver_n with_o a_o gall_n annex_v the_o breastbone_n be_v very_o long_o produce_v almost_o to_o the_o vent_n a_o small_a gizzard_n or_o stomach_n in_o that_o we_o dissect_v full_a of_o wood_n cossi_n spondyli_fw-la and_o beetle_n the_o gut_n lie_v deep_a within_o the_o body_n that_o they_o be_v not_o hurt_v when_o the_o bird_n turn_v her_o head_n downward_o and_o strike_v tree_n with_o her_o bill_n it_o be_v common_a to_o this_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o its_o kind_n to_o want_v the_o blind_a gut_n §._o iv._o the_o lesser_a spot_v woodpecker_n or_o hickwall_n picus_n varius_fw-la minor_fw-la this_o be_v for_o shape_n and_o colour_n like_o to_o the_o
last_o describe_v but_o much_o less_o weigh_v scarce_o a_o ounce_n be_v in_o length_n from_o bill_n to_o tail_n not_o more_o than_o six_o inch_n though_o the_o wing_n extend_v be_v no_o less_o than_o eleven_o inch_n broad_a from_o tip_n to_o tip_v the_o tail_n consist_v of_o ten_o feather_n from_o the_o exterior_a to_o the_o middlemost_a gradual_o long_o each_o than_o other_o the_o two_o middlemost_a be_v the_o long_a of_o these_o the_o four_o middlemost_a be_v whole_o black_a strong_a sharp_a and_o bend_v inward_a as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n so_o make_v to_o sustain_v the_o body_n when_o she_o climb_v tree_n the_o three_o exterior_a be_v less_o sharp_a of_o which_o the_o outmost_a and_o least_o have_v the_o bottom_n black_a and_o the_o upper_a part_n white_a with_o two_o transverse_a black_a spot_n in_o the_o next_o the_o black_a part_n be_v extend_v in_o the_o inner_a web_n as_o far_o as_o the_o second_o transverse_v black_a spot_n in_o the_o outer_a the_o white_a reach_v low_a yet_o have_v it_o only_o one_o transverse_a black_a spot_n towards_o the_o top_n the_o three_o be_v black_a have_v only_o the_o tip_n white_a the_o throat_n breast_n and_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o sordid_a white_a above_o the_o nostril_n it_o be_v of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n and_o on_o the_o head_n it_o have_v a_o white_a spot_n the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v black_a from_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o neck_n two_o broad_a line_n of_o white_a feather_n terminate_v on_o both_o side_n with_o black_a be_v produce_v concur_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o neck_n only_a the_o feather_n that_o cover_v the_o ear_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o breast_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o back_n and_o upper_a covert_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v black_a the_o prime_a feather_n and_o rest_n of_o the_o covert_a feather_n be_v elegant_o spot_v with_o white_a semicircular_a spot_n the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o back_n be_v white_a with_o cross_a line_n of_o black_a the_o bill_n tongue_n irides_fw-la foot_n and_o toe_n like_o those_o of_o the_o last_o describe_v the_o leg_n feather_v but_o not_o down_o to_o the_o toe_n the_o claw_n black_a and_o crooked_a the_o same_o number_n of_o prime_a feather_n in_o wing_n and_o tail_n the_o stomach_n dissect_v be_v full_a of_o infect_v it_o want_v the_o appendix_n or_o blind_a gut_n like_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o cock_n differ_v from_o the_o hen_n in_o that_o instead_o of_o a_o white_a spot_n on_o the_o head_n be_v have_v one_o of_o a_o lovely_a red_a or_o crimson_n aldrovandus_n write_v that_o this_o kind_n want_v those_o red_a spot_n on_o the_o head_n and_o rump_n which_o be_v true_a of_o the_o female_a but_o not_o of_o the_o male_a for_o his_o head_n as_o we_o say_v be_v mark_v with_o a_o red_a spot_n §._o v._o *_o the_o brasilian_n particoloured_a woodpecker_n call_v ipecu_n marggrave_n this_o bird_n be_v about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o dove_n the_o length_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v two_o inch_n of_o the_o body_n four_o of_o the_o tail_n also_o four_o of_o the_o leg_n almost_o a_o inch_n and_o half_a it_o have_v four_o toe_n in_o its_o foot_n two_o stand_v forward_o and_o two_o backward_o as_o in_o parrot_n the_o head_n be_v cover_v with_o feather_n of_o a_o vermilion_a colour_n on_o which_o also_o it_o have_v a_o crest_n like_o a_o dove_n the_o neck_n underneath_o be_v black_a to_o the_o very_a bill_n as_o also_o above_o but_o in_o both_o side_n there_o be_v a_o broad_a white_a line_n produce_v towards_o the_o back_n divisim_fw-la the_o wing_n be_v outward_o all_o over_o black_a inward_o white_a the_o tail_n black_a in_o the_o belly_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o leg_n the_o feather_n be_v black_a and_o white_a it_o be_v bill_n be_v straight_o sharp-pointed_a a_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a wherewith_o it_o pierce_v the_o bark_n of_o tree_n as_o the_o woodpecker_n §._o vi_o the_o wryneck_n jynx_n sive_fw-la torquilla_n this_o bird_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o common_a lark_n or_o somewhat_o less_o it_o weigh_v more_o than_o a_o ounce_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n seven_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a the_o breadth_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v eleven_o inch_n the_o bill_n be_v short_a small_a and_o less_o triangular_a than_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o a_o lead-colour_n the_o tongue_n round_o end_v in_o a_o sharp_a bony_a thorn_n which_o it_o can_v dart_v out_o to_o a_o great_a length_n and_o withdraw_v again_o like_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o yellow_a hazel_n colour_n the_o foot_n and_o leg_n short_a of_o a_o pale_a lead_n colour_v or_o as_o i_o describe_v they_o of_o a_o flesh_n colour_n it_o can_v ruffle_v up_o the_o feather_n of_o its_o head_n so_o as_o to_o make_v they_o appear_v like_o a_o crest_n as_o do_v the_o jay_n the_o plumage_n be_v so_o elegant_o and_o curious_o colour_v that_o it_o be_v very_o difficult_a in_o word_n to_o describe_v it_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v variegated_a with_o white_a black_a red_a dusky_a and_o grey_a or_o ash-colour_n from_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n all_o along_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_n run_v a_o list_n of_o black_a the_o head_n be_v cinereous_a with_o transverse_a white_a black_a and_o red_a line_n the_o throat_n and_o low_a belly_n yellow_a with_o transverse_a black_a line_n the_o middle_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v white_a with_o few_o line_n the_o feather_n cover_v the_o bottom_n of_o the_o prime_a wing-feather_n be_v yellow_a with_o transverse_a black_a line_n the_o rump_n be_v more_o ash-coloured_a than_o the_o head_n with_o white_a spot_n and_o transverse_v black_a line_n the_o prime_a wing-feather_n be_v in_o number_n nineteen_o the_o first_o or_o outmost_a be_v something_o short_a than_o the_o second_o black_a but_o spot_v with_o great_a red_a spot_n which_o spot_n especial_o in_o the_o feather_n next_o the_o body_n be_v powder_v with_o small_a black_a speck_n the_o tip_n of_o the_o second_o row_n of_o wing-feather_n be_v white_a the_o tail-feather_n be_v ten_o not_o sharp-pointed_a nor_o stiff_a nor_o bend_a inward_o as_o in_o the_o above_o describe_v woodpecker_n two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a of_o a_o cinereous_a colour_n cross_v at_o large_a interval_n with_o bar_n of_o black_a to_o speak_v exact_o the_o part_n next_o the_o cross_a bar_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a ash-colour_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o intermediate_v space_n of_o a_o pale_a cinereous_a sprinkle_v and_o as_o it_o be_v bedew_v with_o black_a speck_n the_o toe_n be_v so_o dispose_v as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n two_o forward_a two_o backward_o the_o outmost_a toe_n in_o each_o foot_n be_v equal_a and_o twice_o so_o long_o as_o the_o inmost_a it_o want_v the_o blind_a gut_n like_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o length_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v nine_o inch_n it_o strange_o and_o ridiculous_o turn_v its_o head_n back_o to_o its_o shoulder_n whence_o it_o be_v by_o gaza_n call_v torquilla_n it_o feed_v upon_o ant_n which_o dart_v out_o its_o tongue_n it_o stab_v through_o with_o great_a celerity_n with_o the_o thorny_a point_n we_o mention_v as_o child_n be_v wont_a to_o catch_v frog_n with_o a_o iron_n dart_n shoot_v out_o of_o a_o bow_n and_o draw_v back_o again_o and_o so_o swallow_v they_o never_o touch_v they_o with_o its_o bill_n as_o other_o bird_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v their_o meat_n witness_v gesner_n who_o tell_v we_o that_o himself_o keep_v one_o five_o day_n in_o a_o cage_n and_o affirm_v upon_o his_o own_o experience_n that_o it_o feed_v upon_o no_o other_o food_n but_o ants._n the_o hen_n be_v pale_a and_o more_o cinereous_a than_o the_o cock_n aldrovandus_n observe_v a_o long_a black_a spot_n behind_o the_o eye_n in_o the_o cock_n annot._n i_o describe_v this_o bird_n thus_o the_o quill_n or_o prime_a feather_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v eighteen_o of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n mark_v in_o their_o exterior_a web_n with_o red_a spot_n in_o their_o interior_a with_o pale_a one_o so_o situate_v as_o in_o the_o pied_a woodpecker_n the_o throat_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v yellow_a and_o the_o belly_n white_a from_o bill_n to_o tail_n variegated_a with_o thick-set_a cross_a black_a line_n at_o each_o corner_n of_o the_o mouth_n grow_v white_a feather_n vary_v with_o the_o like_a transverse_a line_n §._o vii_o *_o the_o brasilian_n jacamaciri_n of_o marggrave_n for_o the_o conformity_n of_o its_o foot_n we_o have_v subjoin_v it_o to_o the_o woodpecker_n it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o lark_n it_o have_v a_o straight_a sharp-pointed_a black_a bill_n almost_o two_o
colour_n the_o throat_n breast_n and_o belly_n white_a the_o head_n back_o and_o wing_n incline_v to_o a_o fox-colour_n the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v whitish_a above_o the_o eye_n on_o each_o side_n be_v a_o white_a spot_n the_o beam-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v eighteen_o the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v very_o short_a the_o four_o the_o long_a and_o by_o measure_n two_o ½_o inch_n the_o three_o outmost_a be_v dusky_a the_o rest_n have_v white_a tip_n and_o a_o broad_a white_a line_n through_o their_o middle_n something_o incline_v to_o fulvous_a the_o edge_n of_o those_o next_o the_o body_n be_v likewise_o fulvous_a and_o have_v white_a only_o on_o the_o exterior_a side_n of_o their_o shaft_n the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v more_o black_a the_o middlemost_a have_v their_o middle_a part_n fulvous_a all_o their_o tip_n white_a the_o tail_n consist_v of_o ten_o feather_n only_o as_o in_o woodspite_n be_v very_o long_o for_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o bird_n viz._n two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a sharp-pointed_a stiff_a of_o a_o dusky_a red_a or_o red_a dun_a colour_n the_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o light_n brown_a the_o leg_n short_a the_o foot_n have_v long_a toe_n all_o arm_a with_o very_o long_o sharp_a white_a claw_n especial_o the_o back-toe_n which_o have_v it_o extraordinary_o long_a like_o a_o lark_n it_o be_v sufficient_o characterise_v and_o distinguish_v from_o all_o other_o bird_n by_o its_o littleness_n and_o bow-bill_n aldrovandus_n attribute_n to_o his_o certhia_n a_o short_a tail_n wherein_o it_o differ_v from_o we_o it_o run_v up_o the_o body_n and_o bough_n of_o tree_n have_v its_o foot_n and_o tail_n fit_o dispose_v and_o form_v for_o such_o a_o purpose_n it_o be_v frequent_a in_o england_n and_o as_o aldrovandus_n report_v build_v in_o the_o hollow_n of_o tree_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o woodpecker_n it_o lay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o egg_n sometime_o they_o say_v not_o few_o than_o twenty_o §._o vi_o the_o hoop_n or_o hoopoe_n upupa_fw-la latinis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d graecis_fw-la it_o weigh_v three_o ounce_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v twelve_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a its_o breadth_n the_o wing_n be_v stretch_v out_o nineteen_o inch_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a black_a sharp_a and_o something_o bend_v the_o tongue_n small_a as_o aldrovandus_n right_o have_v it_o deep_o withdraw_v in_o the_o mouth_n triangular_a be_v broad_a at_o bottom_n and_o sharp_a at_o top_n like_o a_o perfect_a equilateral_a triangle_n the_o shape_n of_o the_o body_n approach_v to_o that_o of_o a_o plover_n the_o head_n be_v adorn_v with_o a_o most_o beautiful_a crest_n two_o inch_n high_a consist_v of_o a_o double_a row_n of_o feather_n reach_v from_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o nape_n of_o the_o neck_n all_o along_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n which_o it_o can_v at_o pleasure_n set_v up_o and_o let_v fall_v it_o be_v make_v up_o of_o twenty_o four_o or_o twenty_o six_o feather_n some_o of_o which_o be_v long_a than_o other_o the_o tip_n of_o they_o be_v black_a under_o the_o black_a they_o be_v white_a the_o remain_a part_n under_o the_o white_a be_v of_o a_o chestnut_n incline_v to_o yellow_a the_o neck_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a red_a the_o breast_n white_a variegated_a with_o black_a stroke_n tend_v downward_o the_o old_a bird_n have_v no_o black_a stroke_n in_o their_o breast_n but_o only_o in_o their_o side_n the_o tail_n be_v four_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a aldrovandus_n say_v six_o make_v up_o of_o ten_o feather_n only_o black_a with_o a_o cross_a mark_n or_o bed_n of_o white_a of_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o crescent_n or_o parabola_fw-la the_o middle_n be_v towards_o the_o rump_n the_o horn_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o feather_n the_o tail_n be_v extend_v further_o than_o the_o wing_n complicate_v there_o be_v in_o each_o wing_n eighteen_o quill_n or_o master-feather_n of_o which_o the_o ten_o foremost_a be_v black_a have_v a_o white_a cross_a bar_n which_o in_o the_o second_o three_o four_o five_o six_o and_o seven_o be_v more_o than_o half_a a_o inch_n broad_a the_o seven_o follow_a feather_n have_v four_o or_o five_o white_a cross_a bar_n the_o limb_n or_o border_n of_o the_o last_o be_v something_o red_a the_o rump_n be_v white_a the_o long_a feather_n spring_v out_o of_o the_o shoulder_n and_o cover_v the_o back_n be_v vary_v with_o white_a and_o black_a cross_a line_n or_o bar_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o wing_n the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n be_v of_o a_o hazel_n colour_n the_o low_a eyelid_n big_a than_o the_o upper_a the_o leg_n short_a the_o outmost_a toe_n at_o bottom_n fasten_v to_o the_o middle_n without_o any_o intervening_a membrane_n the_o windpipe_n as_o aldrovandus_n describe_v it_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o divarication_n or_o division_n into_o two_o branch_n which_o go_v to_o the_o lung_n have_v two_o little_a bone_n outward_o supply_v the_o use_n of_o the_o windpipe_n larynx_n between_o which_o be_v spread_v a_o very_a thin_a skin_n the_o annulary-cartilages_a beyond_o the_o divarication_n in_o each_o branch_n in_o our_o observation_n be_v only_o semicircular_a as_o in_o heron_n in_o the_o stomach_n dissect_v we_o find_v beetle_n whence_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o it_o feed_v upon_o infect_v but_o whether_o also_o upon_o grape_n and_o other_o berry_n as_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_n have_v deliver_v we_o know_v not_o i_o hear_v say_v aldrovandus_n that_o among_o other_o thing_n it_o feed_v upon_o ants._n it_o have_v no_o blind_a gut_n in_o the_o number_n of_o tail-feather_n want_v of_o the_o blind_a gut_n cross_a line_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o partly_o also_o in_o its_o food_n it_o agree_v with_o woodpecker_n to_o which_o therefore_o we_o have_v subjoin_v it_o about_o collen_n and_o elsewhere_o in_o high_a germany_n it_o be_v very_o frequent_a where_o they_o call_v it_o widehuppe_v it_o sit_v for_o the_o most_o part_n on_o the_o ground_n sometime_o on_o willow_n turner_n say_v that_o it_o be_v find_v no_o where_o in_o brittany_n but_o he_o be_v deceive_v for_o we_o be_v assure_v by_o credible_a person_n that_o it_o be_v sometime_o though_o more_o rare_o see_v in_o northumberland_n and_o also_o in_o surrey_n aristotle_n witness_v that_o it_o make_v its_o nest_n of_o dung_n especial_o man_n dung_n daub_v it_o therewith_o instead_o of_o clay_n it_o take_v its_o name_n in_o both_o language_n greek_a and_o latin_a from_o the_o sound_n of_o its_o voice_n the_o most_o of_o our_o english_a grammarian_n say_v turner_n call_v that_o bird_n upupa_fw-la which_o those_o that_o speak_v barbarous_o from_o the_o noise_n it_o make_v with_o its_o wing_n be_v wont_a to_o call_v vannellus_fw-la and_o they_o in_o their_o own_o language_n a_o lapwing_n this_o inveterate_a error_n our_o grammar_n school_n do_v still_o retain_v they_o say_v the_o hen_n be_v always_o great_a than_o the_o cock_n chap._n vii_o of_o land_n bird_n that_o feed_v upon_o fish_n §._o i._o the_o kingfisher_n ispida_n a_o veterum_fw-la halcyon_n it_o weigh_v a_o ounce_n and_o a_o quarter_n in_o length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n exceed_v seven_o inch_n the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v be_v eleven_o inch_n distant_a the_o bill_n be_v almost_o two_o inch_n long_o thick_a strong_a straight_o sharp-pointed_a black_a yet_o whitish_a at_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o low_a mandible_a the_o upper_a chap_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n long_o than_o the_o low_a yet_o in_o some_o bird_n the_o low_a be_v long_o than_o the_o upper_a the_o tongue_n be_v short_a broad_a sharp-pointed_a and_o undivided_a the_o mouth_n within_o of_o a_o saffron-colour_n the_o nostril_n oblong_v the_o chin_n be_v white_a with_o a_o certain_a mixture_n of_o red_a the_o middle_a also_o of_o the_o breast_n or_o belly_n be_v of_o the_o like_a colour_n the_o low_a belly_n under_o the_o tail_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a red_a as_o be_v also_o the_o side_n and_o feather_n under_o the_o wing_n the_o breast_n be_v red_a the_o outmost_a border_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v of_o a_o dirty_a bluish_a green_a from_o the_o neck_n through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_n to_o the_o tail_n it_o be_v of_o a_o most_o lovely_a bright_a but_o pale_a blue_a which_o by_o its_o splendour_n be_v say_v to_o hurt_v their_o eye_n that_o look_v long_a and_o intent_o upon_o it_o if_o you_o heed_v this_o colour_n attentive_o you_o may_v observe_v the_o blue_a cross_v with_o obscure_a or_o dark-coloured_n line_n between_o the_o nostril_n and_o the_o eye_n be_v a_o red_a spot_n and_o another_o beyond_o the_o eye_n to_o which_o succeed_v a_o white_a mark_n tincture_v with_o red_a the_o crown_n
antipathy_n when_o as_o the_o thing_n itself_o be_v by_o experience_n find_v to_o be_v false_a we_o have_v behold_v more_o than_o once_o not_o without_o pleasure_n and_o admiration_n a_o capon_n bring_v up_o a_o brood_n of_o chicken_n like_o a_o hen_n clock_v of_o they_o feed_v of_o they_o and_o brood_v they_o under_o his_o wing_n with_o as_o much_o care_n and_o tenderness_n as_o their_o dam_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v and_o we_o be_v tell_v that_o he_o be_v train_v and_o induce_v to_o perform_v this_o office_n almost_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o jo._n baptista_n porta_n prescribe_v lib._n 4._o magiae_fw-la nat._n cap._n 26._o first_o they_o make_v he_o very_o tame_a so_o as_o to_o take_v meat_n out_o of_o one_o hand_n then_o about_o evening-time_n pluck_v the_o feather_n off_o his_o breast_n and_o rub_v the_o bare_a skin_n with_o nettle_n and_o then_o put_v the_o chicken_n to_o he_o which_o present_o run_v under_o his_o breast_n and_o belly_n and_o it_o be_v likely_a rub_v his_o breast_n gentle_o with_o their_o head_n allay_v the_o sting_a and_o it_o ch_v of_o the_o nettle_n and_o this_o they_o do_v for_o two_o or_o three_o night_n till_o he_o begin_v to_o love_v and_o delight_n in_o the_o chicken_n perchance_o also_o the_o querulous_a voice_n of_o the_o chicken_n may_v be_v pleasant_a to_o he_o in_o misery_n and_o invite_v he_o to_o succour_v the_o miserable_a a_o capon_n once_o accustom_v to_o this_o service_n will_v not_o give_v it_o over_o but_o when_o one_o brood_n be_v grow_v up_o you_o may_v take_v they_o away_o and_o put_v another_o to_o he_o of_o new_o hatch_v chicken_n and_o he_o shall_v be_v as_o kind_a to_o they_o and_o take_v as_o much_o care_n of_o they_o as_o of_o the_o former_a and_o so_o other_o till_o all_o be_v grow_v up_o or_o remove_v he_o have_v be_v for_o some_o time_n idle_a and_o disuse_v the_o employment_n i_o may_v be_v infinite_a shall_v i_o prosecute_v at_o large_a all_o that_o may_v be_v say_v of_o this_o bird_n or_o write_v a_o full_a exact_a and_o particular_a history_n of_o it_o if_o any_o reader_n desire_v to_o know_v more_o of_o it_o let_v he_o consult_v aldrovandus_n who_o design_n be_v to_o omit_v nothing_o in_o his_o history_n which_o be_v either_o know_v to_o himself_o or_o have_v be_v before_o publish_v by_o other_o this_o same_o author_n in_o his_o ornithology_n give_v we_o many_o kind_n or_o rather_o rarity_n of_o hen_n 1._o a_o common_a hen_n but_o white_a and_o cop_v lib._n 14._o cap._n 2._o 2._o a_o dwarf_n hen_n or_o short-leged_a hen_n which_o variety_n be_v also_o find_v in_o england_n keep_v by_o the_o curious_a and_o call_v grig_n 3._o a_o milan_n cock_n and_o hen_n which_o ought_v rather_o to_o be_v call_v a_o pulverara_n cock_n and_o hen_n from_o pulverara_n a_o village_n some_o mile_n distant_a from_o milan_n where_o they_o be_v find_v these_o be_v large_a and_o fair_a fowl_n than_o the_o common_a sort_n else_o differ_v in_o no_o particular_a whence_o also_o if_o they_o be_v remove_v into_o other_o country_n they_o do_v by_o degree_n degenerate_a and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n in_o some_o few_o generation_n come_v to_o be_v of_o the_o size_n and_o and_o shape_n of_o the_o native_n of_o such_o place_n 4._o a_o rough-footed_a cock_n and_o hen_n lib._n 14._o cap._n 5._o 5._o a_o turkish_a cock_n and_o hen_n different_a from_o we_o especial_o in_o the_o variety_n and_o beauty_n of_o their_o colour_n cap._n 6._o 6._o a_o persian_a cock_n and_o hen_n who_o characteristic_a be_v the_o want_v of_o a_o rump_n or_o tail_n this_o kind_n be_v also_o keep_v by_o some_o among_o we_o and_o call_v rumkin_n the_o first_o five_o variety_n in_o my_o opinion_n differ_v not_o specifical_o for_o these_o bird_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o difference_n of_o climate_n soil_n food_n and_o other_o accident_n vary_v infinite_o in_o colour_n differ_v also_o in_o bigness_n and_o in_o have_v or_o want_v tuft_n on_o their_o head_n etc._n etc._n those_o bird_n which_o he_o describe_v and_o give_v figure_n of_o in_o the_o ten_o and_o eleven_o chapter_n under_o the_o title_n of_o another_o indian_a cock_n and_o hen_n and_o in_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n under_o the_o title_n of_o two_o other_o indian_a hen_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o mitu_fw-la and_o mituporanga_n of_o marggravius_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v give_v a_o account_n §_o iv._o the_o wool-bearing_a hen_n i_o take_v to_o be_v altogether_o fabulous_a and_o its_o figure_n in_o aldrov_n lib._n 14._o cap._n 14._o take_v out_o of_o a_o certain_a map_n fictitious_a perchance_o it_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o frizzle_a or_o friesland_n hen_n which_o odoricus_n de_fw-la foro_fw-la julii_n and_o sir_n john_n mandevil_n call_v the_o wool-bearing_a hen._n the_o bird_n which_o m._n panlus_n venetus_n make_v mention_n of_o in_o these_o word_n in_o the_o city_n quelinfu_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mangi_n be_v find_v hen_n which_o instead_o of_o feather_n have_v hair_n like_o cat_n of_o ablack_a colour_n and_o lay_v very_o good_a egg_n seem_v to_o be_v cassowary_n beside_o those_o set_v forth_o by_o aldrovandus_n we_o have_v often_o see_v and_o ourselves_o also_o have_v now_o at_o middleton_n another_o kind_n or_o variety_n of_o hen_n call_v in_o english_a the_o friesland_n hen_n not_o as_o i_o suppose_v because_o it_o be_v first_o bring_v to_o we_o out_o of_o friesland_n but_o because_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o body_n be_v curl_v or_o frizzle_a by_o which_o epithet_n i_o believe_v this_o bird_n be_v at_o first_o call_v the_o word_n be_v afterward_o by_o the_o mistake_n of_o the_o vulgar_a corrupt_v into_o friesland_n of_o like_a sound_n for_o know_v this_o to_o be_v a_o outlandish_a hen_n they_o think_v it_o can_v not_o be_v more_o fit_o denominate_v than_o from_o its_o country_n and_o thereupon_o imagine_v it_o to_o be_v call_v a_o friesland_n hen_n instead_o of_o a_o frizzle_a hen._n nor_o do_v they_o want_v a_o probable_a argument_n to_o induce_v they_o to_o think_v it_o to_o be_v of_o a_o friesland_n breed_v or_o original_n viz._n the_o curl_v of_o the_o feather_n which_o one_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o attribute_v to_o the_o horror_n of_o cold_a i_o suppose_v this_o to_o be_v the_o same_o bird_n which_o aldrovandus_n have_v put_v in_o the_o chapter_n of_o monstrous_a hen_n in_o the_o last_o place_n who_o figure_n he_o say_v be_v send_v he_o by_o pompilius_n tagliaserrus_n of_o parma_n with_o this_o description_n i_o will_v have_v you_o to_o understand_v that_o there_o be_v two_o thing_n especial_o find_v in_o this_o cock_n worthy_a of_o admiration_n the_o first_o and_o chief_a be_v that_o the_o feather_n of_o its_o wing_n have_v a_o contrary_a situation_n to_o those_o of_o other_o bird_n for_o that_o side_n which_o in_o other_o be_v natural_o under_o most_o or_o inmost_a in_o this_o be_v turn_v outward_a so_o that_o the_o whole_a wing_n seem_v to_o be_v invert_v the_o other_o be_v that_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v reflect_v towards_o the_o head_n like_o a_o crest_n or_o ruff_n which_o way_n the_o whole_a tail_n also_o turn_v up_o a_o hen_n cut_v asunder_o in_o the_o middle_n in_o this_o case_n they_o prefer_v a_o black_a one_o and_o apply_v part_n hot_a to_o the_o head_n in_o the_o frenzy_n headache_n etc._n etc._n usual_o help_v and_o gives_z ease_n they_o say_v also_o that_o use_v in_o like_a manner_n it_o heal_v the_o bite_n of_o venomous_a beast_n lay_v upon_o carbuncle_n it_o draw_v out_o the_o venom_n nor_o must_v we_o omit_v that_o it_o stanche_n the_o bleed_a of_o green_a wound_n a_o live_v hen_n or_o cock_n pluck_v about_o the_o fundament_n and_o so_o apply_v to_o pestilential_a swell_n call_v bubones_fw-la draw_v out_o the_o venom_n 1._o the_o jelly_n of_o a_o old_a hen_n make_v of_o a_o hen_n cut_v with_o calf_n foot_n and_o sheep_n foot_n or_o beef_n boil_v six_o or_o seven_o hour_n in_o a_o close_a vessel_n to_o which_o you_o may_v add_v spice_n or_o cordial_a water_n be_v a_o great_a strengthener_n and_o nourisher_n 2._o cock-ale_n be_v make_v of_o hensflesh_n boil_v till_o the_o flesh_n fall_v from_o the_o bone_n than_o it_o be_v beat_v with_o the_o bone_n and_o strain_v for_o wine_n or_o ale_n with_o spice_n note_n the_o flesh_n of_o hen_n be_v better_a than_o that_o of_o cock_n except_o capon_n the_o flesh_n of_o a_o black_a hen_n that_o have_v not_o lay_v be_v account_v better_a and_o light_a 3._o cock-broth_n be_v thus_o make_v tire_v and_o old_a cock_n till_o he_o fall_v with_o weariness_n then_o kill_v and_o pluck_v he_o and_o gut_n he_o and_o stuff_v he_o with_o proper_a physic_n and_o boil_v he_o till_o all_o the_o flesh_n fall_v off_o then_o strain_v it_o this_o broth_n mollify_v and_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o nitrous_a part_n wherewith_o
that_o decrepit_a animal_n be_v endue_v and_o which_o be_v exalt_v by_o that_o tire_a of_o he_o cuts_z and_o cleanse_v and_o move_v the_o belly_n the_o rather_o if_o you_o boil_v therein_o purge_v medicine_n it_o be_v famous_a for_o ease_v the_o pain_n of_o the_o colic_n boil_v with_o purger_n and_o discutient_n good_a against_o a_o cough_n and_o tartar_n of_o the_o lung_n boil_v with_o breast_n herb_n 4._o the_o brain_n thicken_v and_o stop_v flux_n as_o that_o of_o the_o belly_n take_v in_o wine_n woman_n anoint_v therewith_o the_o gum_n of_o child_n to_o make_v they_o breed_v tooth_n 5._o the_o inward_a tunicle_n of_o the_o stomach_n dry_v in_o the_o sun_n and_o powder_a bind_v and_o strengthen_v the_o stomach_n stop_v vomit_v and_o flux_n and_o break_v the_o stone_n 6._o the_o stone_n be_v say_v wonderful_o to_o restore_v strength_n after_o sickness_n and_o to_o yield_v prolific_a seed_n to_o provoke_v and_o increase_v lust_n take_v fresh_o and_o to_o cure_v fever_n 7._o the_o gall_n take_v off_o spot_n from_o the_o skin_n and_o be_v good_a for_o the_o eye_n 8._o the_o grease_n of_o hen_n or_o capon_n be_v hot_a moist_a and_o soften_a between_o the_o goose_n and_o hog_n grease_n and_o obtund_v a_o crimony_n cure_v chapt_n lip_n pain_n in_o the_o ear_n and_o pustle_v in_o the_o eye_n 9_o the_o weasand_n of_o a_o cock_n burt_n and_o not_o consume_v give_v before_o supper_n cure_v piss_v of_o bed_n solenand_n s_o 4._o cons_n 11._o 10._o the_o dung_n do_v all_o the_o same_o that_o the_o pigeon_n but_o weak_a and_o beside_o cure_v the_o colic_n and_o pain_n of_o the_o womb._n moreover_o it_o be_v good_a especial_o against_o the_o jaundice_n stone_n and_o suppression_n of_o urine_n note_n the_o white_a part_n of_o the_o dung_n be_v esteem_v the_o best_a give_v half_o a_o drachm_n morning_n and_o evening_n for_o four_o or_o five_o day_n quercet_a pharmac_n rest_n c._n 21._o outward_o it_o dry_v run_v head_n and_o other_o scab_n the_o ash_n sprinkle_v on_o the_o yellow_a dung_n cure_v the_o ulcer_n of_o the_o bladder_n fry_v in_o fresh_a butter_n or_o oil_n olive_n and_o cast_v into_o cold_a water_n to_o let_v the_o filth_n settle_v that_o the_o oil_n may_v swim_v which_o impregnate_n be_v to_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o yard_n 11._o the_o egg_n be_v use_v the_o shell_n membrane_n whites_n yolk_n the_o shell_n break_v the_o stone_n and_o cut_v tartareous_a mucilage_n the_o membrane_n be_v diuretic_n give_v inward_o or_o outward_o apply_v and_o be_v lay_v on_o the_o prepuce_fw-la of_o infant_n the_o white_a cool_v bind_v and_o conglutinate_v it_o be_v of_o frequent_a use_n in_o the_o redness_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o for_o heal_v of_o wound_n with_o bowl_n and_o fracture_n etc._n etc._n note_n hypocrates_n give_v three_o or_o four_o whites_n in_o fever_n to_o cool_v and_o cleanse_v the_o yolk_n be_v anodyne_n ripen_v digest_v loosen_v and_o be_v very_o much_o use_v in_o clyster_n moreover_o mingle_v with_o a_o little_a salt_n it_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v lay_v on_o child_n navel_n in_o a_o walnut_n shell_n to_o give_v a_o stool_n there_o be_v a_o oil_n make_v of_o it_o which_o be_v of_o frequent_a use_n in_o consolidate_v and_o close_v up_o wound_n and_o chap_n and_o the_o ripen_n of_o tumour_n §._o ii_o a_o peacock_n pavo_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d this_o bird_n be_v so_o well_o know_v every_o where_o and_o so_o sufficient_o characterise_v by_o the_o length_n and_o glorious_a eye-like_a spot_n of_o his_o tail_n alone_o that_o it_o may_v perchance_o seem_v superfluous_a to_o bestow_v many_o word_n on_o describe_v of_o it_o i_o shall_v therefore_o only_o present_v the_o reader_n with_o aldrovandus_n his_o description_n in_o the_o cock_n say_v he_o the_o head_n neck_n and_o beginning_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a blue_a the_o head_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o body_n little_a and_o as_o albertus_n note_v in_o a_o manner_n serpentine_a adorn_v with_o two_o oblong_a white_a spot_n the_o one_o above_o the_o eye_n the_o other_o which_o be_v the_o lesser_a but_o much_o the_o thick_a under_o they_o which_o be_v also_o succeed_v by_o a_o black_a one_o else_o as_o i_o say_v blue_a it_o have_v a_o tuft_n on_o the_o top_n of_o its_o head_n not_o entire_a as_o in_o some_o other_o bird_n but_o consist_v of_o a_o kind_n of_o naked_a but_o very_o tender_a green_a stalk_n or_o shaft_n of_o feather_n bear_v on_o their_o top_n as_o it_o be_v lily-flower_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n of_o which_o most_o beautiful_a tuft_n or_o crest_n thus_o pliny_n pavonis_fw-la apicem_fw-la crinitae_fw-la arbusculae_fw-la constituunt_fw-la and_o indeed_o they_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v feather_n but_o the_o tender_a shoot_n of_o plant_n new_o put_v forth_o the_o bill_n be_v whitish_a and_o mean_v slit_v wide_a be_v a_o little_a crooked_a at_o the_o tip_n as_o it_o be_v in_o almost_o all_o granivorous_a bird_n and_o in_o it_o wide_a nostril_n the_o neck_n long_o and_o for_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o fowl_n very_o slender_a the_o back_n of_o a_o pale_a ash-colour_n besprinkle_v with_o many_o transverse_a black_a spot_n the_o wing_n close_v for_o spread_v i_o can_v see_v they_o who_o describe_v it_o paint_v by_o the_o life_n above_o towards_o the_o back_n be_v black_a low_a towards_o the_o belly_n and_o withinside_o red_a the_o tail_n be_v so_o dispose_v that_o it_o be_v as_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o for_o when_o he_o spread_v it_o round_o certain_o lesser_a feather_n make_v as_o it_o be_v a_o entire_a tail_n by_o themselves_o and_o be_v of_o another_o to_o wit_n a_o dusky_a colour_n do_v not_o stand_v up_o like_o those_o long_a one_o but_o be_v see_v extend_v as_o in_o other_o bird_n so_o that_o without_o doubt_v the_o long_a must_v needs_o be_v insert_v into_o another_o muscle_n by_o help_n whereof_o they_o be_v so_o erect_v and_o spread_v these_o long_a feather_n as_o bellonius_fw-la write_v spring_v out_o of_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o back_n near_o the_o vent_n that_o be_v out_o of_o the_o rump_n and_o those_o other_o lesser_a one_o be_v make_v by_o nature_n to_o support_v the_o long_o the_o rump_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a green_a which_o together_o with_o the_o tail_n it_o erect_v the_o feather_n whereof_o be_v short_a and_o so_o dispose_v that_o they_o do_v as_o it_o be_v imitate_v the_o scale_n of_o a_o aethiopian_a dragon_n and_o cover_v and_o take_v away_o the_o sight_n of_o part_n of_o the_o long_a feather_n of_o the_o tail_n the_o long_a feather_n be_v all_o of_o a_o chestnut_n colour_n beautify_v with_o most_o elegant_a gold_n line_n tend_v upward_o but_o end_v in_o tip_n of_o a_o very_a deep_a green_a and_o those_o fork_a like_a swallow_n tail_n the_o circular_a spot_n or_o as_o pliny_n call_v they_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v particoloured_a of_o a_o deep_a green_a shine_v like_o a_o chrysolite_n a_o gold_n and_o sapphire_n colour_n for_o those_o eye_n consist_v of_o four_o circle_n of_o different_a colour_n the_o first_o a_o golden_a the_o second_o a_o chestnut_n the_o three_o a_o green_a the_o four_o or_o middle_a place_n be_v take_v up_o by_o a_o blue_a or_o sapphire_n colour_a spot_n almost_o of_o the_o figure_n and_o bigness_n of_o a_o kidney-bean_n the_o hip_n leg_n and_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o ash-colour_n besprinkle_v with_o black_a spot_n and_o arm_v with_o spur_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o dunghil-cock_n the_o belly_n near_o the_o stomach_n be_v of_o a_o bluish_a green_a near_o the_o vent_n it_o be_v black_a or_o at_o least_o of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n in_o the_o peahen_n there_o be_v little_a variety_n of_o colour_n the_o whole_a wing_n back_o belly_n thigh_n and_o leg_n be_v of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n incline_v to_o cinereous_a the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n and_o crest_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n yet_o in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n be_v some_o small_a spot_n as_o it_o be_v point_n of_o green_a disperse_v those_o white_a spot_n we_o note_v in_o the_o cock_n be_v in_o the_o hen_n far_o great_a the_o circle_n encompass_v the_o pupil_n of_o the_o eye_n in_o the_o cock_n be_v yellow_a in_o this_o of_o a_o lead-colour_n the_o chin_n be_v whole_o white_a the_o feather_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v wave_v and_o green_a near_o the_o breast_n they_o have_v their_o extremity_n white_a their_o food_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o common_a cock_n and_o hen_n but_o they_o do_v especial_o delight_v in_o barley_n albertus_n say_v that_o peacock_n eat_v serpent_n whence_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o serpent_n shall_v be_v terrify_v with_o their_o voice_n that_o they_o be_v original_o exotic_a bird_n and_o of_o old_a time_n bring_v out_o of_o india_n into_o europe_n be_v most_o probable_a though_o now_o adays_o they_o be_v every_o
the_o peacock_n kind_n say_v aldrovandus_n to_o i_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v more_o like_o the_o peacock_n than_o the_o common_a cock_n in_o its_o bigness_n and_o stature_n or_o tallness_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o carry_v its_o tail_n but_o especial_o of_o set_v it_o up_o and_o spread_v it_o as_o if_o both_o itself_o admire_v it_o and_o take_v pride_n in_o show_v it_o to_o other_o that_o these_o bird_n be_v the_o meleagrides_n of_o the_o ancient_n as_o also_o their_o gallinae_fw-la africanae_n &_o numidicae_fw-la guttatae_fw-la aldrovandus_n take_v much_o pain_n to_o prove_v in_o english_a they_o be_v call_v turkey_n because_o they_o be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v first_o bring_v to_o we_o out_o of_o turkey_n turkey_n love_v hot_a country_n yet_o they_o can_v bear_v cold_a one_o well_o enough_o after_o they_o be_v grow_v up_o and_o have_v be_v use_v to_o they_o but_o their_o young_a chicken_n be_v very_o nesh_v and_o tender_a and_o not_o to_o be_v rear_v without_o great_a care_n and_o attendance_n their_o flesh_n be_v very_o white_a and_o delicate_a a_o dish_n become_v a_o prince_n feast_n say_v aldrovandus_n if_o it_o be_v well_o concoct_v yield_v a_o plentiful_a and_o firm_a nourishment_n of_o the_o same_o taste_n and_o quality_n with_o that_o of_o a_o peacock_n and_o as_o difficult_a to_o concoct_v unless_o its_o hardness_n be_v before_o by_o some_o mean_v correct_v this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o old_a and_o well_o grow_v turkey_n for_o turkey-pouts_a and_o young_a turkey_n be_v tender_a enough_o and_o of_o easy_a concoction_n the_o antipathy_n this_o fowl_n have_v against_o a_o red_a colour_n so_o as_o to_o be_v much_o move_v and_o provoke_v at_o the_o sight_n thereof_o be_v very_o strange_a and_o admirable_a §._o iv._o the_o brasilian_n mitu_fw-la or_o mutu_fw-la of_o marggrave_n this_o bird_n say_v marggrave_n be_v of_o the_o pheasant_n kind_n the_o spaniard_n also_o as_o nierembergius_n tell_v we_o call_v it_o a_o pheasant_n but_o we_o partly_o for_o its_o bigness_n partly_o for_o its_o colour_n partly_o also_o for_o its_o gentle_a nature_n easy_o become_v tame_a but_o chief_o for_o that_o it_o spread_v its_o tail_n in_o like_a manner_n aright_o circular_o think_v that_o it_o ought_v rather_o to_o be_v rank_v with_o the_o peacock_n and_o turkey_n to_o which_o we_o have_v therefore_o subjoin_v it_o it_o be_v big_a than_o the_o common_a cock_n or_o hen._n the_o length_n of_o its_o body_n from_o the_o neck_n to_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v ten_o inch_n the_o length_n of_o the_o neck_n six_o inch_n it_o be_v all_o over_o cover_v with_o black_a feather_n except_o on_o the_o belly_n and_o under_o the_o tail_n whereit_n be_v of_o a_o brown_a colour_n almost_o like_o that_o of_o a_o partridge_n the_o feather_n on_o the_o head_n neck_n and_o breast_n be_v fine_a than_o the_o rest_n and_o for_o softness_n and_o beauty_n comparable_a to_o black_a velvet_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n it_o have_v black_a feather_n complicate_v into_o a_o very_a low_a and_o flat_a cop_z which_o one_o that_o careless_o behold_v the_o bird_n will_v scarce_o take_v notice_n of_o but_o when_o it_o be_v angry_a or_o on_o other_o occasion_n it_o can_v erect_v they_o into_o a_o conspicuous_a crest_n it_o have_v a_o remarkable_a bill_n not_o thick_a crooked_a about_o a_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a the_o low_a chap_n be_v small_a the_o upper_a almost_o four_o time_n big_a the_o bill_n be_v of_o a_o very_a bright_a carnation_n colour_n but_o towards_o the_o tip_n white_a its_o thigh_n leg_n be_v like_o a_o hen_n ten_o inch_n long_o to_o wit_n four_o from_o the_o foot_n to_o the_o knee_n and_o six_o above_o they_o where_o they_o be_v cover_v with_o black_a feather_n it_o have_v also_o four_o toe_n like_o a_o hen_n which_o from_o their_o rise_n to_o the_o first_o joint_n be_v connect_v by_o a_o intervenient_a skin_n as_o in_o some_o other_o bird_n it_o have_v a_o tail_n a_o foot_n long_o like_o a_o turkey_n which_o it_o always_o move_v in_o breadth_n cry_v kit_n kit_n like_o they_o a_o well-shaped_a head_n like_o a_o goose_n a_o neck_n about_o six_o inch_n long_o as_o be_v before_o say_v brave_a great_a black_a eye_n and_o behind_o the_o ear_n a_o white_a naked_a spot_n like_o a_o hen._n it_o be_v easy_o make_v tame_a it_o roost_v willing_o on_o high_a upon_o tree_n like_o turkey_n final_o it_o have_v very_o good_a and_o savoury_a flesh_n the_o pauxi_n of_o nieremberg_n the_o indian_a hen_n of_o aldrovandus_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 12._o a_o variety_n of_o the_o mitu_fw-la it_o be_v say_v nieremberg_n out_o of_o fr._n hernandus_fw-la of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o dunghil-cock_n or_o something_o big_a its_o feather_n be_v of_o a_o black_a colour_n but_o shine_v and_o almost_o like_o a_o peacock_n its_o bill_n red_a crooked_a and_o like_o a_o parrot_n etc._n etc._n what_o be_v most_o remarkable_a in_o and_o peculiar_a to_o this_o bird_n be_v a_o certain_a tumour_n fasten_v to_o the_o root_n of_o its_o bill_n where_o it_o be_v more_o slender_a of_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o pear_n of_o the_o hardness_n of_o a_o stone_n and_o of_o a_o blue_a colour_n like_o that_o of_o the_o stone_n call_v cyaneus_n or_o the_o turcois_n aldrovandus_n describe_v his_o 12._o indian_a hen_n from_o a_o picture_n as_o i_o suppose_v in_o this_o wise_a from_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n which_o be_v white_a and_o stripe_v with_o black_a line_n it_o be_v black_a which_o blackness_n yet_o do_v every_o where_o incline_v to_o blue_a the_o vent_n and_o beginning_n of_o the_o tail_n underneath_o be_v white_a it_o be_v bill_n be_v strong_a crooked_a and_o red_a its_o leg_n be_v almost_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n but_o much_o pale_a and_o in_o their_o hind_a part_n incline_v to_o blue_a the_o claw_n be_v black_a it_o carry_v on_o its_o forehead_n a_o great_a protuberance_n of_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o fig_n and_o of_o a_o bluish_a colour_n the_o tail_n be_v long_o not_o erect_v as_o in_o our_o common_a cock_n and_o hen_n but_o extend_v in_o length_n as_o in_o a_o pie_n these_o bird_n differ_v not_o from_o the_o mitu_fw-la in_o any_o thing_n almost_o but_o that_o protuberance_n or_o excrescence_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o bill_n nierembergius_n also_o make_v mention_n of_o this_o variety_n in_o his_o ten_o book_n chap._n 75._o the_o pauxi_n say_v he_o for_o so_o he_o there_o call_v this_o bird_n have_v a_o great_a head_n which_o in_o some_o be_v plain_a or_o smooth_a in_o other_o crest_v in_o other_o instead_o of_o a_o crest_n of_o feather_n arise_v a_o stone_n or_o globular_a body_n a_o stone_n they_o call_v it_o though_o it_o be_v not_o overhard_a like_o a_o egg_n or_o big_a of_o the_o colour_n of_o soder_n i_o wonder_v that_o marggrave_n shall_v make_v no_o mention_n of_o this_o bunch_n sure_o it_o be_v want_v in_o all_o the_o bird_n he_o see_v whether_o this_o bird_n be_v a_o species_n distinct_a from_o the_o mitu_fw-la or_o only_o accidental_o different_a we_o refer_v to_o further_a inquisition_n §._o v._o the_o other_o indian_a cock_n of_o aldrovandus_n mituporanga_n of_o marggravius_n tepetototl_n of_o nierembergius_n there_o be_v also_o find_v say_v marggrave_n another_o kind_n of_o mitu_fw-la this_o bird_n which_o the_o brasilian_n call_v mituporanga_n differ_v only_o in_o the_o bill_n and_o feather_n of_o the_o head_n this_o kind_n have_v no_o long_a bill_n but_o a_o indifferent_o thick_a one_o yet_o not_o so_o be_v high_a as_o the_o mitu_fw-la nor_o so_o crooked_a the_o tip_n of_o both_o chap_n be_v black_a all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bill_n cover_v with_o a_o saffron-coloured_n skin_n the_o like_a whereto_o it_o have_v also_o about_o the_o eye_n it_o have_v goodly_a black_a eye_n the_o head_n and_o neck_n cover_v with_o feather_n of_o a_o deep_a black_a like_a velvet_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n it_o have_v curl_a feather_n twist_a or_o turn_v up_o spiral_o as_o far_o as_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o neck_n which_o it_o can_v erect_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o curl_a or_o frizzle_a crest_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bird_n be_v black_a wherewith_o be_v here_o and_o there_o mingle_v a_o gloss_n of_o green_a about_o the_o vent_n it_o have_v white_a feather_n the_o leg_n be_v cinereous_a and_o of_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o mitu_n the_o tail_n black_a but_o the_o extremity_n of_o its_o feather_n white_a this_o bird_n also_o easy_o become_v very_o tame_a and_o familiar_a of_o this_o bird_n nierembergius_n 68_o write_v thus_o the_o fawn_a and_o familiarity_n of_o dog_n do_v not_o exceed_v the_o officiousness_n of_o the_o tepetototl_n or_o mountain_n bird_n which_o other_o call_v tecuecholi_fw-la and_o the_o spaniard_n native_n of_o america_n a_o pheasant_n which_o be_v very_o tame_a and_o domestic_a it_o
promiscuous_o by_o that_o nefarious_a coition_n interdict_a mankind_n by_o no_o less_o than_o a_o capital_a punishment_n which_o thing_n pliny_n after_o his_o manner_n have_v witty_o and_o elegant_o comprise_v in_o a_o few_o word_n illae_fw-la i._n e._n foeminae_fw-la quidem_fw-la &_o maritos_fw-la suos_fw-la fallunt_fw-la quoniam_fw-la intemperantiâ_fw-la libidinis_fw-la srangunt_fw-la earum_fw-la ova_fw-la nè_fw-la incubando_fw-la detineantur_fw-la tunc_fw-la inter_fw-la se_fw-la dimicant_fw-la mare_n desiderio_fw-la foeminarum_fw-la victum_fw-la aiunt_fw-la venerem_fw-la pati_fw-la that_o they_o make_v two_o nest_n wherein_o they_o lie_v their_o egg_n half_a in_o one_o and_o half_a in_o the_o other_o in_o one_o whereof_o the_o female_a sit_v and_o in_o the_o other_o the_o male_n and_o that_o both_o do_v hatch_v and_o bring_v up_o their_o part_n of_o young_a that_o the_o hen_n without_o be_v ever_o tread_v by_o the_o cock_n if_o they_o do_v only_o stand_v opposite_a to_o they_o and_o the_o wind_n blow_n from_o thence_o upon_o they_o will_v conceive_v egg_n and_o those_o prolific_a of_o which_o thing_n some_o modern_a writer_n have_v indiscreet_o endeavour_v to_o give_v a_o account_n before_o they_o have_v any_o assurance_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n that_o the_o hen_n be_v so_o intemperate_o lustful_a that_o contrary_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o other_o bird_n they_o can_v abstain_v from_o the_o use_n of_o venery_n so_o much_o as_o while_o they_o be_v sit_v which_o particular_n also_o pliny_n brief_o and_o ingenious_o thus_o word_n neque_fw-la in_o ullo_fw-la animali_fw-la par_fw-fr opus_fw-la libidinis_fw-la si_fw-mi contra_fw-la mare_n steterint_fw-la foeminae_fw-la aurâ_fw-la ab_fw-la his_fw-la flante_fw-la praegnantes_fw-la fiunt_fw-la hiantes_fw-la a._n exertâ_fw-la linguâ_fw-la per_fw-la id_fw-la tempus_fw-la aestuant_fw-la concipiúntque_fw-la supervolantium_fw-la afflatu_fw-la saepe_fw-la voce_fw-la tantùm_fw-la audita_fw-la masculi_fw-la adeoque_fw-la vincit_fw-la libido_fw-la etiam_fw-la foetûs_fw-la charitatem_fw-la ut_fw-la illa_fw-la furtim_fw-la &_o in_fw-la occulto_fw-la incubans_fw-la cum_fw-la sensit_fw-la foeminam_fw-la aucupis_fw-la accedentem_fw-la ad_fw-la marem_fw-la recanat_fw-la revocétque_fw-la &_o ultro_fw-la se_fw-la praebeat_fw-la libidini_fw-la that_o the_o cock_n be_v overcome_v in_o fight_n dare_v never_o so_o much_o as_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o his_o mistress_n or_o mate_n that_o the_o partridge_n when_o her_o own_o egg_n be_v break_v or_o any_o way_n mar_v or_o lose_v steal_v another_o partridge_n egg_n sit_v upon_o they_o hatch_v they_o brood_n and_o bring_v up_o the_o young_a which_o yet_o when_o they_o be_v a_o little_a grow_v hear_v their_o dam_n voice_n that_o be_v the_o voice_n of_o that_o partridge_n that_o lay_v the_o egg_n do_v by_o instinct_n present_o know_v it_o and_o leave_v their_o foster_n mother_n betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o own_o dam_n that_o she_o often_o turn_v she_o upon_o her_o back_n and_o so_o lie_v with_o her_o belly_n upward_o cover_v herself_o with_o clod_n and_o straw_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n deceive_v and_o escape_v the_o fowler_n but_o it_o be_v not_o worth_a the_o while_n to_o insist_v long_o upon_o rehearse_v or_o refute_v these_o particular_n these_o bird_n say_v aldrovandus_n in_o the_o feast_n and_o entertainment_n of_o prince_n hold_v the_o principal_a place_n without_o which_o such_o feast_n be_v esteem_v ignoble_a vulgar_a and_o of_o no_o account_n indeed_o the_o frenchman_n do_v so_o high_o value_v and_o be_v so_o fond_a of_o partridge_n that_o if_o they_o be_v want_v they_o utter_o sleight_v and_o despise_v the_o best_a spread_a table_n and_o most_o plentiful_a and_o delicate_a treatment_n as_o if_o there_o can_v be_v no_o feast_n without_o this_o dish_n as_o the_o flesh_n of_o partridge_n say_v bellonius_fw-la be_v very_o delicate_a and_o grateful_a to_o the_o palate_n so_o in_o like_a manner_n be_v it_o great_o commend_v for_o that_o it_o nourish_v much_o be_v easy_o digest_v and_o breed_v good_a blood_n in_o the_o body_n the_o flesh_n of_o the_o great_a kind_n be_v more_o solid_a and_o hard_a though_o hard_o only_o comparative_o of_o the_o lesser_a more_o tender_a and_o consequent_o yield_v a_o fine_a more_o dissipable_a and_o spirituous_a nourishment_n be_v also_o of_o easy_a concoction_n but_o yet_o be_v not_o so_o white_a as_o that_o of_o the_o great_a palate-man_n and_o such_o as_o have_v skill_n in_o eat_v do_v chief_o commend_v the_o partridge_n wing_n prefer_v it_o much_o before_o the_o leg_n as_o indeed_o it_o be_v much_o better_a hence_o that_o english_a proverbial_a rhythm_n if_o the_o partridge_n have_v the_o woodcock_n thigh_n it_o will_v be_v the_o best_a bird_n that_o ever_o do_v fly_v he_o that_o desire_v yet_o further_o information_n concern_v the_o quality_n and_o temperament_n of_o partridge_n flesh_n let_v he_o consult_v aldrovand_n §._o vii_o bellonius_fw-la his_fw-la greek_a partridge_n or_o great_a red_a partridge_n the_o same_o with_o the_o precedent_n the_o great_a partridge_n which_o the_o grecian_n follow_v the_o italian_n common_o call_v coturno_n seem_v to_o we_o to_o be_v different_a from_o the_o partridge_n both_o of_o france_n and_o gothia_n gothland_n for_o it_o be_v twice_o as_o big_a as_o our_o country_n partridge_n have_v red_a bill_n and_o leg_n be_v spot_v on_o the_o breast_n and_o side_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o we_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o meansized_n handsome_a hen._n this_o kind_n of_o partridge_n be_v so_o frequent_a in_o the_o rock_n of_o colme_z the_o cyclades_n island_n and_o the_o sea-coast_n of_o candy_n that_o there_o be_v not_o such_o plenty_n of_o any_o other_o bird_n their_o cry_n be_v different_a from_o that_o of_o our_o partridge_n be_v great_a and_o sonorous_a especial_o in_o breed_v and_o couple_v time_n when_o they_o express_v and_o often_o repeat_v the_o sound_n of_o this_o word_n cacabis_fw-la whence_o it_o shall_v seem_v that_o the_o latin_n be_v teach_v by_o the_o greek_n to_o express_v the_o note_n of_o a_o partridge_n by_o the_o word_n cacabare_n we_o also_o borrow_v the_o name_n cacabis_fw-la whereby_o we_o in_o some_o place_n call_v a_o partridge_n from_o their_o voice_n or_o cry_v they_o follow_v one_o another_o on_o the_o rock_n of_o this_o kind_n in_o my_o judgement_n aristotle_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v when_o he_o say_v if_o hen_n couple_n with_o partridge_n they_o generate_v a_o different_a kind_n they_o build_v in_o a_o open_a place_n without_o cover_n or_o shelter_v in_o may-time_n among_o certain_a herb_n what_o time_n they_o come_v down_o from_o the_o rock_n seek_v convenient_a place_n to_o build_v and_o bring_v up_o their_o young_a they_o lay_v their_o egg_n upon_o the_o ground_n under_o some_o great_a stone_n sometime_o eighteen_o sometime_o sixteen_o more_o or_o less_o like_o hen_n egg_n but_o less_o white_a and_o speckled_a thick_a with_o small_a red_a spot_n very_o good_a to_o eat_v as_o hen_n egg_n but_o their_o yolk_n congeal_v not_o after_o they_o have_v hatch_v their_o young_a they_o lead_v they_o out_o into_o the_o champain_n or_o open_a field_n to_o seek_v their_o food_n wherefore_o we_o think_v this_o kind_n of_o partridge_n to_o be_v altogether_o different_a from_o we_o for_o in_o some_o place_n of_o italy_n both_o kind_n be_v find_v and_o call_v by_o divers_a name_n viz._n this_o by_o the_o name_n of_o coturno_n the_o other_o by_o the_o name_n of_o perdice_n or_o pernice_n thus_o far_a bellonius_fw-la aldrovandus_n think_v that_o this_o bird_n differ_v from_o the_o great_a red_a partridge_n or_o coturnice_n of_o the_o italian_n only_o in_o bigness_n and_o true_o i_o be_o now_o whole_o come_v over_o to_o his_o opinion_n sith_o bellonius_fw-la himself_z make_v they_o all_o one_o what_o partridge_n bellonius_fw-la mean_n by_o the_o partridge_n of_o gothia_n i_o know_v not_o §._o viii_o the_o quail_n coturnix_n it_o be_v the_o least_o bird_n in_o this_o kind_n of_o a_o flatter_v or_o broad_a body_n and_o not_o so_o narrow_a or_o compress_a sideway_n as_o the_o land-rail_a or_o daker-hen_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v seven_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a its_o breadth_n between_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v fourteen_o inch_n it_o be_v bill_n from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o mouth_n half_o a_o inch_n long_o its_o figure_n more_o depress_v and_o plain_a than_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o low_a chap_n black_a the_o upper_a of_o a_o pale_a dusky_a the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n be_v of_o a_o hazel_n colour_n the_o eye_n have_v a_o nictating_a membrane_n the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o dirty_a pale_a yellow_a the_o throat_n have_v a_o little_a mixture_n of_o red_a ruffi_n under_o the_o low_a chap_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v a_o long_a and_o broad_a stroke_n of_o black_a tend_v downward_o above_o the_o eye_n and_o along_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o head_n be_v whitish_a line_n the_o head_n
be_v black_a only_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o feather_n red_a or_o cinereous_a the_o middle_a part_n of_o each_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o back_n and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v mark_v with_o a_o yellowish_a white_a stroke_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v particoloured_a of_o black_a and_o red_a ash-colour_n under_o the_o wing_n be_v a_o bed_n of_o white_a terminate_v on_o each_o side_n with_o a_o border_n of_o red_a mingle_v with_o black_a the_o beam_n or_o quill-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v dusky_a cross_v with_o pale_a red_a line_n the_o lesser_a row_n of_o hard_a feather_n in_o the_o wing_n be_v almost_o whole_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o red_a colour_n the_o tail_n be_v short_a not_o above_o a_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a consist_v of_o twelve_o feather_n of_o a_o blackish_a colour_n interrupt_v with_o pale-red_n transverse_a line_n the_o foot_n be_v pale-coloured_n cover_v with_o a_o skin_n divide_v rather_o into_o scale_n than_o entire_a ring_n the_o sol_n of_o the_o foot_n yellow_a the_o outer_a toe_n as_o far_o as_o the_o first_o joint_n be_v connect_v with_o the_o middlemost_a by_o a_o intervening_a membrane_n it_o have_v a_o gallbladder_n the_o cock_n have_v great_a testicle_n for_o the_o bigness_n of_o its_o body_n whence_o we_o may_v infer_v that_o it_o be_v a_o salacious_a bird_n it_o have_v a_o musculous_a stomach_n or_o gizzard_n and_o just_a above_o the_o stomach_n the_o gullet_n be_v dilate_v into_o the_o bag_n which_o we_o call_v the_o ante-stomach_n the_o interior_a superficies_n whereof_o be_v granulate_v with_o papillary_a glandule_n for_o catch_v of_o quail_n they_o use_v this_o art_n the_o fowler_n betimes_o in_o the_o morning_n have_v spread_v his_o net_n hide_v himself_o under_o it_o among_o the_o corn_n then_o call_v with_o his_o quail-pipe_n the_o cock_n quail_n think_v it_o to_o be_v the_o note_n of_o the_o hen_n that_o he_o hear_v come_v in_o a_o trice_n with_o all_o speed_n to_o the_o place_n whence_o the_o noise_n come_v when_o the_o bird_n be_v get_v under_o the_o net_n up_o rise_v the_o fowler_n and_o show_v himself_o to_o he_o he_o present_o attempt_v to_o fly_v away_o be_v entangle_v in_o the_o net_n and_o take_v the_o quail_n be_v a_o bird_n no_o less_o salacious_a than_o the_o partridge_n infamous_a also_o for_o obscene_a and_o unnatural_a lust_n the_o cock_n be_v of_o high_a spirit_n and_o courage_n and_o therefore_o by_o some_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v train_v up_o and_o prepare_v for_o the_o combat_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o cock_n and_o aelian_a tell_v we_o that_o of_o old_a time_n at_o athens_n quail-fighting_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v exhibit_v as_o show_n and_o so_o grateful_a and_o delightful_a they_o be_v to_o the_o people_n that_o there_o be_v as_o great_a flock_v to_o they_o as_o to_o a_o spectacle_n of_o gladiator_n in_o some_o city_n of_o italy_n especial_o naples_n they_o do_v also_o now_o adays_o keep_v fight_v quail_n as_o aldrovandus_n report_v the_o manner_n how_o they_o induce_v and_o provoke_v they_o to_o fight_v see_v in_o he_o quail_n be_v bird_n of_o passage_n for_o be_v impatient_a of_o cold_a when_o winter_n come_v they_o depart_v out_o of_o northern_a and_o cold_a country_n into_o hot_a and_o more_o southerly_a fly_v even_o over_o sea_n which_o one_o will_v admire_v consider_v the_o weight_n of_o their_o body_n and_o shortness_n of_o their_o wing_n when_o we_o sail_v from_o rhodes_n to_o alexandria_n of_o egypt_n say_v bellonius_fw-la many_o quail_n fly_v from_o the_o north_n towards_o the_o south_n be_v take_v in_o our_o ship_n whence_o i_o be_o very_o persuade_v that_o they_o shift_v place_n for_o former_o also_o when_o i_o sail_v out_o of_o the_o isle_n of_o zant_n to_o morea_n or_o negropont_n in_o the_o spring_n time_n i_o have_v observe_v quail_n fly_v the_o contrary_a way_n from_o south_n to_o north_n that_o they_o may_v abide_v there_o all_o summer_n at_o which_o time_n also_o there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o take_v in_o our_o ship_n among_o the_o ancient_a greek_n and_o latin_n quail_n be_v condemn_v and_o banish_v table_n as_o a_o unwholesome_a dish_n for_o be_v report_v to_o feed_v upon_o hellebore_n and_o to_o be_v obnoxious_a to_o the_o fall_a sickness_n they_o be_v think_v to_o produce_v the_o like_a disease_n in_o those_o that_o eat_v their_o flesh_n but_o undeserved_o for_o now_o adays_o they_o be_v eat_v without_o any_o danger_n and_o esteem_v a_o choice_a dish_n and_o be_v somewhat_o rare_a with_o we_o in_o england_n be_v sell_v very_o dear_a indeed_o their_o flesh_n both_o for_o delicacy_n of_o taste_n and_o wholsomness_n of_o nourishment_n be_v nothing_o inferior_a to_o that_o of_o partridge_n or_o pheasant_n poulterer_n and_o such_o as_o feed_v they_o in_o coop_v do_v not_o permit_v they_o a_o high_a place_n to_o be_v in_o because_o leap_v up_o they_o hurt_v their_o head_n against_o the_o top_n nay_o though_o their_o coop_v be_v so_o low_a that_o they_o can_v hardly_o stand_v upright_o in_o they_o yet_o by_o strike_v their_o head_n against_o the_o top_n they_o will_v rub_v off_o all_o the_o feather_n as_o we_o have_v observe_v §._o ix_o the_o rail_n or_o daker-hen_n ortygometra_fw-mi aldrov_fw-mi lib._n 13._o cap._n 33._o crex_fw-la aristotelis_fw-la the_o weight_n of_o that_o we_o describe_v be_v five_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a its_o length_n from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o claw_n be_v fifteen_o inch_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n eleven_o and_o a_o half_a its_o breadth_n between_o the_o extreme_n of_o the_o wing_n stretch_v out_o nineteen_o inch_n its_o bill_n 1_o ⅛_n inch_n long_o measure_v from_o the_o point_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o slit_n the_o body_n of_o this_o bird_n be_v narrow_a or_o compress_v sideways_o and_o like_a to_o that_o of_o waterhen_n the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o breast_n and_o the_o belly_n be_v white_a the_o chin_n also_o be_v white_a else_o the_o throat_n be_v of_o a_o more_o sordid_a or_o dirty_a colour_n on_o the_o head_n be_v two_o broad_a black_a line_n also_o a_o white_a line_n from_o the_o shoulder_n as_o in_o the_o morehen_fw-ge the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o covert_a feather_n of_o the_o back_o be_v black_a the_o outside_n of_o a_o red_a ash-colour_n the_o thigh_n be_v variegated_a with_o transverse_a white_a line_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v twenty_o three_o quil-feather_n the_o lesser_a row_n of_o wing-feather_n both_o above_o and_o below_o be_v of_o a_o deep_a yellow_a as_o also_o the_o border_n of_o the_o prime_a feather_n the_o tail_n be_v almost_o two_o inch_n long_o make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o bill_n be_v like_o the_o waterhen_n the_o upper_a mandible_a be_v whitish_a the_o nether_a dusky_a the_o leg_n bare_a above_o the_o knee_n the_o foot_n whitish_a in_o the_o stomach_n dissect_v we_o find_v snail_n it_o be_v call_v rallus_n or_o grallus_n perchance_o from_o its_o stalk_a à _fw-la gradu_fw-la grallatorio_n or_o perchance_o from_o royal_a because_o 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i_o much_o mistake_v not_o be_v the_o bird_n which_o dr._n turner_n take_v to_o be_v the_o crex_n of_o aristotle_n there_o be_v say_v he_o a_o certain_a bird_n in_o england_n with_o long_a leg_n else_o like_a to_o a_o quail_n save_v that_o it_o be_v big_a which_o among_o corn_n and_o flax_n in_o the_o spring_n and_o beginning_n of_o the_o summer_n have_v no_o other_o cry_n than_o crex_n crex_fw-la but_o this_o it_o often_o iterate_v which_o i_o think_v to_o be_v the_o crex_n of_o aristotle_n the_o english_a call_v it_o a_o daker-hen_n the_o germane_a ein_fw-mi schryck_a i_o never_o see_v or_o hear_v it_o any_o where_o in_o england_n save_v in_o northumberland_n but_o see_v as_o gesner_n right_o it_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o most_o ancient_a writer_n herodotus_n that_o the_o crex_n be_v as_o big_a as_o the_o black_a ibis_n the_o english_a daker-hen_n can_v be_v the_o crex_n although_o this_o bird_n be_v more_o rare_a in_o england_n yet_o be_v it_o find_v every_o where_o in_o ireland_n in_o great_a plenty_n §._o x._o the_o indian_a quail_n of_o bontius_n this_o bird_n feed_v by_o covey_n like_o partridge_n in_o the_o wood_n of_o java_n although_o it_o be_v also_o make_v and_o keep_v tame_a and_o its_o female_a accompany_v with_o her_o brood_n walk_v up_o and_o down_o the_o yard_n of_o house_n like_o the_o common_a hen_n the_o cock_n also_o be_v no_o less_o stout_a and_o give_v to_o fight_v among_o themselves_o till_o they_o kill_v one_o another_o than_o the_o dunghil-cock_n in_o the_o colour_n of_o their_o feather_n they_o very_o near_o resemble_v the_o true_a quail_n but_o their_o bill_n be_v a_o little_a long_o they_o also_o make_v such_o a_o interrupt_a noise_n or_o cry_v by_o interval_n as_o quail_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v but_o of_o a_o far_o different_a sound_n from_o that_o of_o quail_n more_o like_a to_o that_o horrid_a drum_n noise_n which_o bittern_n make_v among_o reed_n in_o fenny_a place_n which_o in_o low_a dutch_a we_o call_v pittoor_fw-mi the_o long_a these_o bird_n continue_v or_o draw_v out_o that_o cry_n the_o more_o generous_a be_v they_o think_v to_o be_v they_o be_v of_o so_o cold_a a_o nature_n that_o when_o shut_v up_o in_o cage_n or_o coop_v if_o you_o do_v not_o expose_v they_o to_o the_o sunbeam_n and_o strew_v sand_n under_o they_o they_o present_o languish_v and_o run_v a_o hazard_n of_o die_v and_o therefore_o by_o night_n after_o sunset_n they_o shrink_v up_o on_o a_o heap_n as_o the_o cuckoo_n do_v with_o we_o in_o hollow_a tree_n in_o wintertime_n and_o in_o the_o trunk_n of_o tree_n cover_v themselves_o with_o their_o feather_n but_o when_o the_o sun_n rise_v they_o present_o sing_v and_o that_o sound_n be_v hear_v many_o pace_n off_o that_o you_o will_v wonder_v so_o little_a a_o bird_n for_o they_o do_v not_o exceed_v a_o common_a pigeon_n or_o turtle_n in_o bigness_n shall_v have_v so_o deep_a and_o loud_o a_o cry_n i_o have_v sometime_o keep_v of_o they_o in_o cage_n which_o will_v give_v i_o notice_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o morning_n or_o break_v of_o day_n if_o i_o have_v any_o serious_a business_n to_o do_v for_o if_o any_o business_n be_v to_o be_v do_v it_o be_v most_o commodious_o dispatch_v either_o in_o the_o morning_n or_o evening_n for_o the_o day_n time_n while_o the_o sun_n roast_v all_o thing_n with_o his_o scorch_a heat_n be_v unfit_a for_o action_n and_o very_o unhealthful_a to_o stir_v much_o in_o chap._n xii_o wild_a bird_n of_o the_o poultry-kind_n that_o feed_v on_o leave_n and_o berry_n etc._n etc._n have_v scarlet_a eyebrow_n §._o i._o the_o cock_n of_o the_o mountain_n or_o wood_n urogallus_fw-la five_o tetrao_n major_a aldrov_n call_v by_o the_o german_n orhun_n by_o the_o venetian_n gallo_n di_fw-it montagna_fw-la for_o bigness_n and_o figure_n it_o come_v near_o to_o a_o turkey_n the_o cock_n we_o measure_v from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v thirty_o two_o inch_n long_o the_o hen_n but_o 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be_v of_o the_o long_a and_o in_o comparison_n with_o the_o bulk_n and_o make_v of_o its_o body_n slender_a of_o a_o ash-colour_n besprinkle_v with_o black_a and_o white_a spot_n which_o in_o this_o respect_n differ_v that_o here_o the_o white_a in_o the_o head_n the_o black_a be_v the_o deep_a the_o spot_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n wherewith_o be_v other_o ferrugineous_a one_o mingle_v the_o belly_n tail_n hip_n and_o leg_n which_o be_v cover_v with_o feather_n be_v of_o a_o lead_n colour_n and_o also_o besprinkle_v with_o black_a spot_n the_o fore-toe_n of_o the_o foot_n be_v long_o the_o back-toe_n short_a all_o arm_a with_o crooked_a claw_n they_o be_v by_o the_o italian_n call_v francolini_n as_o it_o be_v franci_n that_o be_v free_a fowl_n because_o the_o common_a people_n be_v forbid_v to_o take_v they_o and_o prince_n grant_v they_o freedom_n of_o live_v olina_n describe_v this_o francolino_n a_o little_a otherwise_o in_o the_o figure_n say_v he_o and_o proportion_n of_o its_o body_n it_o resemble_v a_o common_a partridge_n but_o in_o bigness_n something_o exceed_v it_o the_o breast_n and_o all_o the_o belly_n be_v spot_v with_o black_a and_o white_a the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o tail_n be_v black_a the_o head_n neck_n and_o rump_n be_v fulvous_a incline_v to_o red_a with_o a_o little_a and_o black_a intermix_v but_o neither_o his_o figure_n represent_v nor_o description_n mention_n any_o crest_n the_o leg_n also_o in_o olina_n figure_n be_v naked_a this_o bird_n be_v either_o the_o same_o with_o our_o other_o lagopus_n call_v the_o red-game_n or_o very_o like_v it_o but_o differ_v from_o it_o in_o that_o it_o have_v a_o crest_n upon_o its_o head_n but_o the_o attagen_fw-la of_o bellonius_fw-la as_o may_v be_v see_v by_o its_o picture_n be_v destitute_a of_o a_o crest_n indeed_o i_o shall_v think_v it_o to_o be_v the_o same_o do_v not_o the_o place_n forbid_v it_o for_o our_o red_a game_n live_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o 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be_v so_o cold_a that_o the_o top_n of_o it_o for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o year_n be_v cover_v with_o snow_n i_o be_o sure_a when_o we_o go_v up_o it_o in_o the_o year_n 1664_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o june_n the_o snow_n be_v not_o melt_v but_o if_o the_o leg_n thereof_o be_v bare_a for_o aldrovandus_n do_v not_o affirm_v it_o in_o his_o description_n though_o his_o figure_n represent_v they_o bare_a and_o the_o head_n always_o crest_v it_o can_v be_v our_o red_a game_n the_o flesh_n of_o this_o bird_n be_v most_o excellent_a of_o easy_a digestion_n and_o yield_v plentiful_a and_o very_a good_a nourishment_n and_o therefore_o among_o the_o ancient_n be_v prefer_v before_o all_o other_o and_o place_v in_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o dignity_n §._o iv._o the_o hazel-hen_n gallina_n corylorum_fw-la attagen_fw-la gesh_n the_o bird_n we_o describe_v be_v a_o cock_n more_o weigh_v but_o a_o pound_n be_v from_o bill_n point_n to_o tail_n end_v fifteen_o inch_n long_o and_o twenty_o two_o broad_a the_o bill_n as_o in_o hen_n be_v blackish_a from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o slit_n of_o the_o mouth_n almost_o a_o inch_n long_o the_o upper_a chap_n a_o little_a prominent_a and_o crooked_a in_o the_o palate_n be_v a_o cavity_n equal_a to_o the_o tongue_n above_o the_o eye_n a_o naked_a red_a skin_n take_v up_o the_o place_n of_o eyebrow_n as_o in_o the_o heathcock_n and_o other_o of_o this_o kind_n the_o eyebrow_n of_o the_o female_a be_v not_o so_o red_a but_o pale_a the_o leg_n before_o be_v feather_v half_a way_n down_o behind_o bare_a as_o high_a as_o the_o knee_n the_o fore-toe_n be_v join_v together_o by_o a_o membrane_n from_o the_o divarication_n to_o the_o first_o joint_n and_o have_v beside_o such_o like_a serrate_n border_n or_o welt_v stand_v out_o on_o each_o side_n as_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o precedent_a bird_n the_o inside_n of_o the_o claw_n of_o the_o middle_a toe_n be_v thin_v into_o a_o edge_n the_o whole_a belly_n be_v white_a the_o breast_n white_a spot_v with_o black_a spot_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o feather_n the_o several_a feather_n have_v some_o one_o spot_n some_o two_o or_o three_o cross_a line_n the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o throat_n red_a but_o the_o chin_n of_o a_o deep_a black_a encompass_v with_o a_o white_a line_n the_o hen_n want_v this_o black_a spot_n under_o the_o chin._n from_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o hind-part_n of_o the_o head_n a_o white_a line_n be_v produce_v the_o head_n be_v of_o a_o red_a ash-colour_n the_o back_n and_o rump_n be_v yet_o more_o cinereous_a of_o a_o colour_n like_o that_o of_o a_o partridge_n the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o throat_n or_o gullet_n be_v variegated_a with_o transverse_a black_a line_n the_o side_n under_o the_o wing_n be_v red_a or_o fulvous_a the_o tip_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v white_a the_o long_a feather_n spring_v from_o the_o shoulder_n that_o cover_v the_o back_n be_v all_o white_a the_o wing_n be_v concave_a as_o in_o partridge_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o poultry_n kind_n the_o beam-feather_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v twenty_o four_o in_o number_n the_o foremost_a or_o outmost_a whereof_o on_o the_o outside_n the_o shaft_n be_v particoloured_a of_o dusky_a and_o white_a on_o the_o inside_n dusky_a the_o great_a row_n of_o covert_a wing-feather_n be_v variegated_a with_o red_a white_z and_o black_a the_o tail_n be_v make_v up_o of_o sixteen_o feather_n all_o equal_a of_o about_o five_o inch_n long_o the_o seven_o exterior_a on_o each_o side_n have_v their_o tip_n of_o a_o dirty_a white_a next_o the_o white_a a_o bar_n or_o bed_n of_o black_a a_o inch_n broad_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o feather_n to_o the_o very_a bottom_n particoloured_a of_o black_a and_o white_a the_o two_o middlemost_a of_o the_o tail_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o body_n have_v cross_a bar_n of_o white_a powder_a with_o dusky_a speck_n the_o tip_n of_o the_o long_a feather_n under_o the_o tail_n be_v white_a the_o middle_a part_n black_a the_o lower_z red_z the_o stomach_n be_v musculous_a the_o gut_n thirty_o six_o inch_n long_o the_o blind_a gut_n fifteen_o which_o in_o this_o bird_n also_o be_v striate_a the_o flesh_n boil_v or_o roast_a as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v white_a very_o tender_a also_o and_o delicate_a most_o learned_a man_n say_v aldrovandus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o this_o be_v the_o bird_n which_o by_o the_o ancient_a greek_n and_o latin_n be_v call_v attagen_fw-la from_o who_o yet_o he_o dissent_v it_o be_v wont_a say_v georg._n agricola_n as_o he_o be_v quote_v by_o aldrovandus_n to_o live_v in_o thick_a and_o shady_a wood_n the_o same_o also_o write_v that_o it_o be_v find_v plentiful_o in_o the_o mountainous_a wood_n about_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o alps_o especial_o where_o hazel_v and_o brier_n abound_v we_o see_v they_o in_o the_o market_n at_o nurenberg_n to_o be_v sell_v whence_o we_o gather_v that_o they_o be_v find_v in_o the_o great_a wood_n near_o that_o city_n though_o they_o be_v not_o mountainous_a what_o they_o live_v chief_o upon_o we_o can_v certain_o say_v but_o we_o very_o believe_v that_o their_o food_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o other_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n viz._n bill-berry_n crow-berry_n blackberry_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o the_o wintertime_n the_o top_n of_o heath_n fir_n and_o other_o ever-green_a shrub_n but_o whether_o they_o do_v eat_v the_o catkin_n of_o hazel_n as_o albertus_n affirm_v and_o from_o whence_o they_o seem_v to_o take_v their_o name_n we_o know_v not_o §._o v._o the_o white_a game_n erroneous_o call_v the_o white_a partridge_n lagopus_n avis_fw-fr aldrov_n for_o figure_n and_o bigness_n it_o come_v near_o to_o a_o tame_a pigeon_n save_v that_o it_o be_v something_o big_a weigh_v fourteen_o ounce_n from_o
the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n or_o foot_n for_o they_o be_v equal_o extend_v be_v about_o sixteen_o inch_n long_o between_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v twenty_o four_o inch_n broad_a the_o bill_n short_a black_a like_o a_o hen_n but_o less_o the_o upper_a chap_n long_o and_o more_o prominent_a the_o nostril_n be_v cover_v with_o feather_n spring_v out_o of_o a_o skin_n on_o the_o low_a side_n the_o hole_n above_o the_o eye_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o kickshaw_n be_v a_o naked_a skin_n of_o a_o scarlet_a colour_n and_o of_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o crescent_n in_o the_o cock-bird_n a_o black_a line_n draw_v from_o the_o upper_a chap_n of_o the_o bill_n reach_v further_a than_o the_o eye_n towards_o the_o ear_n which_o in_o the_o hen_n be_v want_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n except_v the_o tail_n be_v as_o white_a as_o snow_n each_o wing_n have_v twenty_o four_o prime_a feather_n of_o which_o the_o first_o or_o outmost_a be_v short_a than_o the_o second_o the_o second_o than_o the_o three_o the_o shaft_n of_o the_o six_o outmost_a be_v black_a the_o tail_n be_v more_o than_o a_o palm_n long_o compound_v of_o sixteen_o feather_n the_o two_o middlemost_a whereof_o be_v white_a the_o outmost_a on_o each_o side_n without_o the_o shaft_n also_o white_a all_o the_o rest_n black_a those_o that_o i_o j._n r._n describe_v in_o rhoetia_n have_v the_o two_o middle_a feather_n of_o their_o tail_n only_o white_a all_o the_o rest_n black_a the_o feather_n next_o the_o tail_n incumbent_a on_o it_o be_v of_o equal_a length_n with_o the_o tail_n itself_o so_o that_o they_o do_v whole_o cover_v it_o the_o leg_n foot_n and_o toe_n to_o the_o very_a claw_n be_v cover_v with_o soft_a feather_n thick-set_a like_a hare_n foot_n whence_o it_o take_v the_o foot_n name_n the_o claw_n be_v very_o long_o not_o unlike_o the_o nail_n of_o some_o quadruped_n as_o for_o example_n hare_n of_o a_o dark_a horn_n or_o lead_v colour_n it_o be_v back-toe_n or_o heel_n be_v small_a but_o its_o claw_n great_a and_o crooked_a the_o fore-toe_n be_v join_v together_o by_o a_o intervening_a membrane_n as_o in_o the_o other_o fowl_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o claw_n of_o the_o middle_a toe_n be_v something_o hollow_a all_o along_o the_o middle_n the_o edge_n of_o this_o furrow_n or_o channel_n be_v sharp_a under_o the_o toe_n grow_v long_a hair_n very_o thick_a the_o craw_n be_v great_a and_o in_o that_o we_o dissect_v full_a of_o the_o top_n and_o leaf_n of_o fir_n heath_n bill-berry_n etc._n etc._n the_o stomach_n or_o gizzard_n musculous_a the_o gut_n forty_o inch_n long_o the_o blind_a gut_n long_o great_a and_o striate_v in_o the_o alps_o of_o rhoetia_n and_o in_o other_o high_a mountain_n which_o be_v for_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o year_n cover_v with_o snow_n it_o be_v frequent_o find_v wherefore_o nature_n or_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o creator_n have_v fence_v its_o foot_n against_o the_o sharpness_n of_o the_o cold_a with_o a_o thick_a cover_n of_o feather_n and_o down_o these_o bird_n for_o the_o excellency_n of_o their_o flesh_n be_v common_o call_v white_a partridge_n and_o think_v to_o be_v so_o by_o the_o vulgar_a whereas_o indeed_o the_o partridge_n and_o lagopus_n be_v far_o different_a bird_n yet_o the_o savoyard_n and_o other_o alpine_a people_n who_o be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o their_o difference_n call_v they_o so_o still_o at_o first_o perchance_o by_o mistake_n from_o their_o agreement_n in_o figure_n and_o magnitude_n they_o begin_v to_o be_v so_o call_v and_o now_o they_o continue_v the_o old_a name_n §._o vi_o *_o the_o other_o or_o particoloured_a lagopus_n of_o gesner_n there_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o lagopus_n find_v on_o the_o mountain_n of_o switzerland_n the_o bird_n we_o describe_v of_o this_o kind_n be_v a_o male._n its_o belly_n white_a its_o wing_n also_o milk_v white_a yet_o on_o the_o hinder_a part_n be_v some_o feather_n partly_o dusky_a partly_o spot_v the_o head_n neck_n and_o back_o particoloured_a with_o dusky_a and_o spot_a feather_n the_o neck_n underneath_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o white_a and_o but_o a_o little_a black_a above_z be_v cover_v partly_o with_o pied_a partly_o with_o white_a feather_n above_o each_o eye_n be_v a_o semicircular_a skin_n of_o a_o red_a colour_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v very_o short_a and_o black_a the_o upper_a chap_n whereof_o be_v crooked_a and_o receive_v within_o its_o edge_n the_o nether_a which_o be_v channel_v the_o tail_n be_v five_o inch_n long_o consist_v of_o twelve_o black_a feather_n and_o two_o white_a one_o in_o the_o middle_n and_o three_o or_o four_o particoloured_a one_o the_o leg_n and_o foot_n down_o to_o the_o very_a claw_n be_v cover_v with_o white_a feather_n grow_v very_o thick_a and_o close_o together_o so_o that_o nothing_o at_o all_o appear_v bare_a but_o the_o black_a claw_n only_o the_o sole_n of_o the_o foot_n and_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o toe_n be_v without_o feather_n yet_o may_v the_o toe_n be_v whole_o cover_v with_o the_o hair-like_a feather_n meet_v underneath_o it_o be_v as_o big_a as_o a_o pigeon_n or_o something_o big_a the_o length_n of_o the_o whole_a about_o five_o palm_n i_o suppose_v this_o bird_n be_v call_v in_o italian_a about_o trent_n otorno_n about_o the_o lake_n call_v by_o the_o ancient_n verbanus_n now_o maggiore_n or_o the_o great_a colmestre_n our_o countryman_n the_o swisser_n stein-hun_a or_o stone-hen_n as_o some_o do_v also_o the_o precedent_n other_o for_o distinction_n sake_n add_v the_o bigness_n i_o guess_v this_o second_o kind_n to_o be_v a_o little_a the_o big_a as_o for_o the_o former_a kind_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o be_v the_o first_o lagopus_n of_o pliny_n white_a etc._n etc._n but_o this_o second_o although_o perchance_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o it_o be_v the_o second_o lagopus_n of_o pliny_n which_o as_o he_o write_v differ_v from_o quail_n only_o in_o bigness_n yet_o ought_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o same_o genus_fw-la with_o the_o first_o thus_o far_o gesner_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o this_o bird_n be_v not_o only_o generical_o but_o even_o specifical_o the_o same_o with_o the_o former_a or_o first_o lagopus_n of_o pliny_n for_o except_o some_o mark_n and_o spot_n on_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o body_n it_o agree_v perfect_o therewith_o but_o those_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o infer_v a_o difference_n of_o kind_n see_v that_o the_o first_o species_n also_o be_v say_v to_o change_v colour_n in_o summer_n and_o become_v dusky_a yea_o those_o which_o ascend_v not_o up_o the_o mountain_n be_v report_v not_o to_o be_v white_a no_o not_o in_o winter_n but_o i_o dare_v not_o pronounce_v any_o thing_n rash_o refer_v the_o matter_n to_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o learned_a and_o curious_a that_o live_v in_o those_o country_n or_o have_v opportunity_n of_o travel_v and_o sojourn_v there_o §._o vii_o the_o red_a game_n call_v in_o some_o place_n the_o gorcock_n and_o more-cock_n lagopus_fw-la altera_fw-la plinii_n it_o be_v near_o half_a as_o big_a again_o as_o a_o partridge_n for_o the_o figure_n of_o its_o body_n not_o unlike_a somewhat_o yea_o considerable_o big_a than_o the_o lagopus_n its_o foot_n and_o claw_n exact_o like_o he_o it_o be_v bill_n be_v short_a and_o blackish_a its_o nostril_n elegant_o cover_v with_o feather_n as_o in_o the_o lagopus_fw-la but_o especial_o remarkable_a be_v the_o scarlet-coloured_n naked_a skin_n above_o each_o eye_n of_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o crescent_n in_o place_n of_o eyebrow_n which_o in_o the_o cock_n be_v much_o broad_a and_o have_v in_o their_o upper_a circumference_n a_o border_n of_o loose_a flesh_n snipt_a as_o it_o be_v a_o fringe_n or_o crest_n in_o the_o cock_n the_o plumage_n about_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v powder_v with_o white_a speck_n and_o at_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o low_a chap_n on_o each_o side_n be_v a_o pretty_a great_a white_a spot_n but_o not_o so_o in_o the_o female_a moreover_o the_o male_a differ_v from_o the_o female_a in_o that_o it_o be_v much_o red_a than_o she_o so_o that_o in_o the_o throat_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o breast_n it_o have_v no_o mixture_n at_o all_o of_o any_o other_o colour_n all_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o body_n head_n neck_n back_o and_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v particoloured_a of_o red_a and_o black_a each_o single_a feather_n be_v paint_v with_o red_a and_o black_a transverse_n weigh_v line_n howbeit_o in_o the_o cock_n the_o red_a exceed_v the_o black_a yet_o have_v he_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_n and_o on_o the_o shoulder_n great_a black_a spot_n which_o the_o female_a have_v not_o in_o each_o wing_n be_v twenty_o four_o quil-feather_n all_o dusky_a
except_o the_o exterior_a edge_n of_o those_o next_o the_o body_n which_o be_v red_a the_o outmost_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v short_a than_o the_o second_o the_o three_o the_o long_a of_o all_o the_o interior_a bastard_n wing_n be_v make_v up_o of_o white_a feather_n the_o feather_n also_o on_o the_o under_o side_n of_o the_o wing_n next_o to_o the_o flag_n be_v white_a the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v almost_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o back_n in_o both_o sex_n yet_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v some_o pretty_a great_a white_a spot_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v clothe_v with_o a_o long_a thick_a plumage_n or_o down_n to_o the_o utmost_a end_n of_o the_o toe_n the_o tail_n be_v more_o than_o a_o handful_n long_o not_o fork_v consist_v of_o sixteen_o feather_n all_o black_a except_o the_o two_o middlemost_a which_o be_v vary_v with_o red_a the_o flesh_n be_v very_o tender_a especial_o in_o the_o young_a one_o not_o so_o white_a as_o a_o hen_n it_o be_v frequent_a in_o the_o high_a mountain_n of_o derbyshire_n yorkshire_n westmoreland_n and_o wales_n it_o lay_v five_o six_o seven_o or_o eight_o egg_n seldom_o more_o one_o inch_n three_o quarter_n long_o sharp_a at_o one_o end_n all_o speckled_a with_o dark_a red_a speck_n or_o point_n only_o towards_o the_o sharp_a end_n be_v one_o or_o two_o bed_n void_a of_o sport_n the_o young_a be_v infest_a with_o belly-worm_n which_o sometime_o as_o they_o fly_v hang_v down_o a_o foot_n length_n from_o behind_o we_o take_v this_o fowl_n to_o be_v the_o lagopus_fw-la altera_fw-la of_o pliny_n lib._n 10._o cap._n 48._o it_o delight_v to_o abide_v in_o the_o high_a top_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n and_o with_o we_o never_o come_v down_o into_o the_o plain_n yea_o seldom_o into_o the_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n this_o be_v the_o bird_n which_o bellonius_fw-la call_v the_o attagen_fw-la as_o we_o say_v before_o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o attagen_fw-la of_o aldrovandus_n and_o take_v that_o bird_n which_o the_o savoyard_n call_v the_o white_a partridge_n and_o pliny_n lagopus_n to_o be_v a_o variety_n of_o this_o for_o it_o be_v all_o over_o white_a and_o have_v the_o leg_n cover_v with_o feather_n though_o fine_a like_o the_o attagen_fw-la the_o italian_n also_o call_v both_o kind_n francolino_n and_o indeed_o the_o colour_n and_o bigness_n except_v the_o red_a game_n differ_v little_a from_o the_o lagopus_fw-la the_o figure_n of_o the_o bill_n and_o whole_a body_n be_v the_o same_o in_o both_o the_o foot_n alike_o feather_v to_o the_o very_a claw_n so_o that_o mr._n willughby_n also_o together_o with_o bellonius_fw-la do_v sometime_o suspect_v that_o they_o differ_v rather_o accidental_o than_o specifical_o but_o to_o i_o so_o great_a difference_n of_o colour_n and_o bigness_n do_v necessary_o infer_v a_o diversity_n of_o kind_n the_o flesh_n of_o these_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o tribe_n do_v sudden_o corrupt_a and_o therefore_o the_o fowler_n so_o soon_o as_o ever_o they_o take_v they_o present_o exenterate_v they_o and_o stuff_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o belly_n with_o green_a ling._n §._o viii_o *_o bellonius_fw-la his_o damascus_n partridge_n which_o aldrovand_n suppose_v to_o be_v the_o other_o lagopus_n of_o pliny_n there_o be_v say_v he_o no_o wild_a bird_n at_o damascus_n more_o notable_a than_o the_o partridge_n of_o that_o country_n they_o be_v less_o than_o the_o red_a or_o ash-coloured_a in_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o back_n and_o neck_n they_o resemble_v a_o woodcock_n but_o their_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o different_a colour_n for_o where_o they_o be_v join_v to_o the_o body_n they_o be_v cover_v with_o white_a dusky_a and_o fulvous_a feather_n ten_o of_o the_o prime_a feather_n be_v cinereous_a the_o inner_a side_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o the_o belly_n be_v white_a it_o have_v a_o collar-like_a mark_n on_o its_o breast_n like_o the_o ousel_n merula_n torquata_fw-la consist_v of_o red_a fulvous_a and_o yellow_a colour_n else_o in_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o head_n and_o neck_n in_o the_o bill_n and_o eye_n it_o be_v like_o a_o partridge_n and_o have_v a_o short_a tail_n we_o have_v rank_v it_o with_o the_o water_n rail_v or_o woodcock_n or_o plover_n but_o that_o its_o leg_n be_v feather_v like_o the_o savoyard_n white_a partridge_n which_o be_v the_o lagopus_n or_o a_o rough-footed_a dove_n this_o if_o right_o describe_v be_v a_o kind_n of_o lagopus_n or_o heath_n cock_n which_o we_o have_v not_o yet_o see_v and_o the_o least_o of_o that_o kind_n that_o we_o have_v yet_o see_v or_o hear_v of_o chap._n xiii_o bird_n of_o the_o poultry-kind_n that_o want_v the_o back-toe_n §._o 1._o the_o bustard_n otis_n seu_fw-la tarda_fw-la avis_fw-fr it_o be_v for_o bigness_n nothing_o inferior_a to_o a_o turkey_n it_o be_v length_n measure_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v sixty_o inch_n it_o be_v breadth_n or_o distance_n between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v two_o yard_n and_o a_o half_a it_o be_v bill_n like_o a_o hen_n the_o upper_a chap_n be_v something_o crooked_a the_o head_n and_o neck_n be_v ash-coloured_a the_o belly_n white_a the_o back_o variegated_a with_o red_a and_o black_a transverse_a line_n it_o want_v the_o back-toe_n which_o be_v especial_o remarkable_a for_o by_o this_o note_n alone_o and_o its_o bigness_n it_o be_v sufficient_o distinguish_v from_o all_o other_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n it_o feed_v upon_o corn_n seed_n of_o herb_n colewort_n dandelion_n leave_v etc._n etc._n in_o the_o stomach_n of_o one_o diffect_v we_o find_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o hemlock_n seed_n with_o three_o or_o four_o grain_n of_o barley_n and_o that_o in_o harvest_n time_n on_o new-market_n and_o royston_n heath_n in_o cambridgeshire_n and_o suffolk_n and_o elsewhere_o in_o waste_v and_o plain_n they_o be_v find_v with_o we_o they_o be_v of_o slow_a flight_n and_o when_o they_o be_v light_v can_v hardly_o raise_v themselves_o from_o the_o earth_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o bulk_n and_o weight_n of_o their_o body_n from_o whence_o without_o doubt_n they_o get_v the_o latin_a name_n tarda_fw-la they_o be_v call_v by_o the_o scots_a gustardae_n as_o hector_n boethius_n witness_v in_o these_o word_n in_o march_n a_o province_n of_o scotland_n be_v bird_n breed_v call_v in_o the_o vulgar_a dialect_n gustarde_n the_o colour_n of_o who_o feather_n and_o their_o flesh_n be_v not_o unlike_o the_o partridge_n but_o the_o bulk_n of_o their_o body_n exceed_v the_o swan_n some_o say_v one_o may_v catch_v they_o with_o one_o hand_n before_o they_o can_v compose_v themselves_o to_o fly_v but_o this_o be_v a_o mistake_n for_o though_o as_o we_o say_v before_o it_o be_v long_o ere_o they_o can_v raise_v themselves_o from_o the_o earth_n yet_o be_v they_o very_o timorous_a and_o circumspect_a and_o will_v not_o suffer_v a_o man_n to_o come_v within_o a_o furlong_n of_o they_o before_o they_o take_v wing_n and_o fly_v away_o yet_o our_o fowler_n report_n that_o they_o may_v be_v run_v down_o with_o greyhound_n italy_n say_v aldrovandus_n have_v none_o of_o these_o bird_n unless_o they_o be_v bring_v over_o accidental_o by_o the_o force_n of_o tempestuous_a wind_n but_o we_o when_o we_o travel_v in_o italy_n do_v see_v in_o the_o market_n at_o modena_n a_o bustard_n to_o be_v sell_v whence_o we_o suspect_v that_o there_o be_v of_o they_o in_o that_o country_n though_o some_o discommend_v their_o flesh_n yet_o with_o we_o it_o be_v esteem_v both_o delicate_a and_o wholesome_a hence_o but_o chief_o for_o its_o rarity_n the_o bustard_n sell_v very_o dear_a serve_v only_o to_o furnish_v prince_n and_o great_a man_n table_n at_o feast_n and_o public_a entertainment_n §._o ii_o the_o french_a canne-petiere_a anas_n campestris_fw-la or_o tetrax_n of_o bellonius_fw-la the_o field-duck_n seem_v to_o we_o to_o be_v a_o bird_n peculiar_a to_o france_n where_o there_o be_v not_o a_o country_n man_n but_o know_v it_o at_o least_o by_o name_n it_o be_v so_o call_v not_o because_o it_o be_v a_o water-bird_n but_o because_o it_o sit_v on_o the_o ground_n like_o the_o water-duck_n but_o it_o have_v no_o similitude_n or_o agreement_n with_o waterfowl_n be_v a_o land-bird_n it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o pheasant_n the_o head_n save_v the_o bigness_n resemble_v a_o quail_n the_o bill_n a_o pullet_n it_o be_v more_o know_v by_o its_o name_n than_o by_o its_o shape_n for_o we_o have_v a_o country-proverb_n against_o suspicious_a person_n wherein_o we_o say_v that_o they_o play_v the_o land_n duck._n it_o be_v take_v in_o plain_n and_o open_a field_n as_o they_o take_v partridge_n in_o snare_n with_o net_n and_o à _fw-fr la_fw-fr for_o i_o and_o also_o with_o hawk_n but_o it_o be_v very_o crafty_a in_o
back_n again_o not_o one_o bird_n remain_v insomuch_o that_o as_o far_o as_o ever_o i_o can_v hear_v there_o be_v never_o see_v young_a fieldfare_n or_o redw_v or_o so_o much_o as_o a_o nest_n of_o those_o bird_n with_o we_o in_o england_n whither_o they_o betake_v themselves_o or_o where_o they_o breed_v be_v not_o to_o we_o perfect_o know_v it_o be_v by_o some_o report_v that_o they_o breed_v in_o bohemia_n other_o tell_v we_o with_o much_o confidence_n in_o sweden_n they_o have_v a_o hoarse_a chatter_a note_n not_o much_o unlike_o a_o magpie_n by_o reason_n the_o side_n of_o the_o fissure_v in_o the_o palate_n be_v rough_a as_o we_o conjecture_v this_o kind_n of_o thrush_n say_v gesner_n love_v to_o feed_v upon_o berry_n of_o all_o sort_n especial_o those_o of_o juniper_n with_o we_o in_o england_n they_o be_v very_o greedy_a of_o holly-berry_n this_o bird_n be_v account_v very_o good_a meat_n and_o prefer_v far_o before_o the_o missel-bird_n in_o open_a weather_n they_o feed_v upon_o worm_n and_o other_o infect_v lie_v much_o upon_o meadow_n and_o pasture-ground_n §._o iv._o the_o redw_v swinepipe_n or_o wind-thrush_n turdus_n iliacus_fw-la sive_fw-la illas_fw-la aut_fw-la tylas_n it_o be_v rather_o less_o than_o the_o mavis_n not_o exceed_v two_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a in_o weight_n it_o be_v length_n from_o bill-point_n to_o tail-end_n be_v eight_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a its_o bill_n a_o inch_n long_o the_o upper_a mandible_a dusky_a the_o low_a partly_o dusky_a partly_o yellow_a it_o be_v tongue_n hard_a and_o rough_a the_o tip_n be_v divide_v into_o many_o filament_n the_o mouth_n withinside_o be_v yellow_a the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o dark_a hazel_n colour_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n pale_a the_o outer_a toe_n join_v to_o the_o middle_n below_o as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o body_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o that_o of_o the_o mavis_n the_o breast_n not_o so_o much_o spot_v the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o underside_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o of_o the_o side_n of_o the_o body_n under_o the_o wing_n which_o in_o the_o mavis_n be_v yellow_a in_o this_o kind_n be_v of_o a_o red_a orange-colour_n by_o which_o mark_n it_o be_v chief_o distinguish_v from_o it_o the_o belly_n be_v white_a as_o in_o the_o fieldfare_n the_o throat_n and_o breast_n yellowish_a spot_v with_o dusky_a spot_n which_o take_v up_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o feather_n the_o side_n of_o the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v in_o like_a manner_n spot_v the_o spot_n be_v less_o but_o thick_a set_n than_o in_o the_o mavis_n above_o the_o eye_n be_v a_o long_a spot_n or_o line_n of_o a_o clay_n colour_n reach_v from_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n the_o number_n of_o quill-feather_n in_o each_o wing_n as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n and_o almost_o all_o small_a bird_n be_v eighteen_o these_o be_v more_o red_a or_o chesnut-coloured_n than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o feather_n they_o differ_v also_o in_o divers_a bird_n for_o in_o some_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o outmost_a feather_n be_v white_a which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o other_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o two_o inmost_a quill-feather_n as_o also_o of_o the_o second_o row_n of_o feather_n begin_v from_o the_o ten_o be_v white_a the_o tail_n be_v three_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a consist_v of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o gizzard_n like_o those_o of_o the_o precedent_n the_o blind_a gut_n in_o like_a manner_n very_o short_a we_o find_v in_o this_o some_o remainder_n of_o the_o channel_n convey_v the_o yolk_n into_o the_o gut_n the_o liver_n be_v large_a for_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o body_n and_o have_v its_o gallbladder_n appendant_a in_o the_o stomach_n dissect_v we_o find_v divers_a sort_n of_o infect_v snail_n etc._n etc._n it_o come_v to_o we_o from_o beyond_o sea_n as_o the_o fieldfare_n with_o which_o it_o fly_v in_o company_n observe_v the_o same_o time_n of_o come_v and_o return_v whither_o it_o go_v and_o where_o it_o breed_v be_v not_o to_o we_o certain_o know_v perchance_o in_o the_o mountainous_a part_n of_o bohemia_n or_o hungaria_n as_o gesner_n say_v he_o have_v hear_v it_o be_v flesh_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o bitterness_n be_v less_o esteem_v dr._n charleton_n think_v they_o be_v call_v in_o english_a wind-thrush_n because_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o winter_n when_o strong_a wind_n blow_v by_o which_o perchance_o they_o be_v assist_v in_o their_o passage_n they_o come_v fly_v over_o to_o we_o from_o beyond_o sea_n i_o rather_o think_v we_o borrow_v that_o name_n from_o the_o german_n who_o call_v this_o bird_n wyntrostel_n that_o be_v vineyard_n thrush_n because_o as_o bellonius_fw-la report_n they_o feed_v upon_o grape_n and_o be_v very_o noisome_a to_o the_o vineyard_n so_o that_o they_o be_v by_o mistake_n call_v wind-thrush_n their_o true_a name_n be_v wine-thrush_n §._o v._o *_o the_o brasilian_n tamatia_n of_o marggrave_n this_o bird_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o lark_n or_o small_a woodpecker_n all_o spot_a like_o a_o throstle_n or_o mavis_n on_o the_o belly_n it_o have_v white_a feather_n with_o dusky_a spot_n it_o be_v yellow_a under_o the_o throat_n as_o also_o about_o the_o neck_n it_o have_v a_o long_a red_a bill_n a_o little_a dusky_a above_o the_o upper_a chap_n somewhat_o long_o than_o the_o nether_a above_o the_o nostril_n stand_v up_o certain_a slender_a feather_n like_o hair_n or_o bristle_n it_o have_v four_o toe_n in_o each_o foot_n and_o crooked_a claw_n it_o be_v head_n be_v big_a than_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o body_n require_v as_o also_o its_o bill_n not_o know_v better_o whether_o to_o refer_v this_o bird_n for_o its_o agreement_n with_o thrush_n in_o bigness_n and_o colour_n i_o have_v place_v it_o here_o chap._n xviii_o bird_n of_o the_o thrush-kind_n that_o be_v black_a of_o colour_n §._o i._o the_o common_a blackbird_n merula_n vulgaris_fw-la it_o be_v little_a or_o nothing_o less_o than_o a_o fieldfare_n of_o four_o ounce_n weight_n nine_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o claw_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n ten_o and_o a_o half_a and_o the_o cock_n eleven_o the_o bill_n be_v a_o inch_n long_o in_o the_o cock_n of_o a_o deep_a yellow_a in_o the_o hen_n the_o tip_n and_o upper_a part_n be_v black_a the_o mouth_n in_o both_o sex_n be_v yellow_a within_o the_o bill_n in_o young_a cock-bird_n be_v black_a and_o turn_v not_o perfect_o yellow_a till_o they_o be_v near_o a_o year_n old_a the_o circumference_n of_o the_o eyelid_n be_v also_o yellow_a the_o cock_n after_o he_o have_v mew_v his_o chicken_n feather_n become_v coalblack_a the_o hen_n and_o young_a cock-bird_n be_v rather_o brown_a or_o of_o a_o dark_a russet_a than_o black_a their_o breast_n have_v something_o of_o radish_n and_o their_o belly_n of_o ash-colour_n the_o cock_n while_o young_a can_v be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o hen_n by_o their_o colour_n the_o number_n of_o quill-feather_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v eighteen_o of_o which_o the_o four_o be_v the_o long_a the_o tail_n be_v four_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n of_o equal_a length_n save_o the_o two_o outmost_a which_o be_v somewhat_o short_a than_o the_o rest_n the_o foot_n be_v black_a the_o outmost_a fore-toe_n and_o the_o back-toe_n be_v equal_a and_o the_o outmost_a toe_n join_v to_o the_o middlemost_a at_o bottom_n as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o liver_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o lobe_n and_o have_v its_o gallbladder_n annex_v the_o gizzard_n not_o very_o fleshy_a nor_o thick_a as_o in_o the_o rest_n it_o feed_v promiscuous_o upon_o berry_n and_o infect_v i_o can_v not_o find_v any_o remainder_n of_o the_o yolk-channel_n in_o the_o gut_n the_o cock_n in_o this_o kind_n be_v very_o canorous_a whistle_a and_o sing_v very_o pleasant_o all_o the_o spring_n and_o summertime_n only_o their_o note_n be_v too_o loud_a and_o shrill_a near_o hand_n the_o hen_n lay_v four_o or_o five_o egg_n seldom_o more_o at_o once_o of_o a_o bluish_a green_a colour_n full_a of_o dusky_a spot_n and_o line_n on_o the_o alps_o the_o apennine_n and_o other_o high_a mountain_n be_v sometime_o find_v bird_n of_o this_o kind_n all_o over_o white_a we_o ourselves_o see_v one_o in_o a_o poulterer_n shop_n at_o rome_n particoloured_a of_o black_a and_o white_a but_o this_o we_o look_v upon_o as_o accidental_a either_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o region_n or_o the_o constant_a intuition_n of_o snow_n effect_v this_o alteration_n of_o colour_n as_o in_o crow_n raven_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o we_o do_v not_o think_v a_o white_a blackbird_n pardon_v the_o seem_a contradiction_n in_o adjecto_fw-la to_o differ_v specifical_o from_o a_o
straight_o slender_a sharp-pointed_a above_o half_a a_o inch_n long_o somewhat_o flat_a of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n its_o tongue_n broad_a cleave_v the_o irides_fw-la of_o its_o eye_n hazel-coloured_n its_o nostril_n round_o its_o foot_n of_o a_o pale_a yellow_a incline_v to_o flesh_n colour_n its_o claw_n dusky_a that_o of_o the_o back-toe_n long_a the_o outmost_a fore-toe_n stick_v to_o the_o middle_n below_o near_o the_o divarication_n the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a whitish_a yellow_a the_o throat_n deep_o colour_v both_o spot_a with_o black_a in_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o feather_n the_o head_n and_o back_o be_v particoloured_a of_o black_a and_o red_a yellow_a the_o middle_a of_o each_o feather_n be_v spot_v with_o black_a the_o neck_n be_v ash-coloured_a a_o white_a line_n encompass_v the_o head_n from_o eye_n to_o eye_n like_o a_o crown_n or_o wreath_n the_o rump_n be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a red_a or_o tawny_a each_o wing_n have_v eighteen_o prime_a feather_n the_o outmost_a be_v much_o short_a than_o the_o rest_n the_o next_o five_o be_v half_o a_o inch_n long_o than_o the_o rest_n have_v their_o point_n sharp_a and_o their_o outer_a edge_n white_a the_o rest_n have_v blunt_a point_n indent_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n have_v yellow_a edge_n the_o feather_n of_o the_o bastard_n wing_n be_v dusky_a with_o clay-coloured_n tip_v and_o at_o its_o root_n be_v a_o white_a spot_n the_o small_a feather_n on_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v ash-coloured_a the_o tail_n be_v two_o inch_n long_o consist_v of_o the_o usual_a number_n of_o feather_n viz._n twelve_o not_o fork_v yet_o the_o middle_a feather_n be_v something_o short_a than_o the_o rest_n and_o end_v in_o sharp_a point_n be_v between_o green_a and_o a_o sordid_a red_a or_o fulvous_a colour_n the_o four_o next_o on_o each_o side_n have_v blunt_a point_n be_v whitish_a at_o tip_n the_o outmost_a most_o the_o rest_n in_o order_n less_o else_o blackish_a it_o have_v no_o craw_n in_o the_o stomach_n we_o find_v beetle_n caterpillar_n gromil-seed_n etc._n etc._n the_o stomach_n be_v provide_v with_o strong_a and_o thick_a muscle_n the_o blind_a gut_n in_o this_o kind_n as_o in_o all_o other_o small_a bird_n that_o we_o have_v observe_v be_v very_o short_a the_o gut_n below_o these_o appendant_o be_v large_a these_o bird_n fly_v many_o together_o in_o company_n sing_v as_o they_o fly_v with_o a_o note_n not_o much_o unlike_o a_o blackbird_n it_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o common_a lark_n by_o the_o follow_a mark_n especial_o 1._o whistle_v like_o a_o blackbird_n 2._o a_o circle_n of_o white_a feather_n encompass_v the_o head_n from_o eye_n to_o eye_n like_o a_o crown_n or_o wreath_n 3._o the_o first_o or_o outmost_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v much_o short_a than_o the_o second_o whereas_o in_o the_o common_a lark_n it_o be_v near_o equal_a 4._o the_o outmost_a feather_n of_o the_o tail_n have_v white_a tip_n 5._o that_o it_o sit_v upon_o tree_n 6._o it_o be_v lesser_a than_o the_o common_a lark_n but_o have_v a_o short_a and_o thick_a or_o round_a body_n for_o its_o bigness_n aldrovandus_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o this_o bird_n that_o i_o know_v of_o olina_n figure_n and_o describe_v it_o in_o his_o uccelleria_n under_o the_o title_n of_o tottovilla_n the_o woodlark_n be_v comparable_a to_o the_o nightingale_n for_o sing_v and_o by_o some_o prefer_v before_o it_o he_o will_v also_o emulate_v the_o nightingale_n and_o have_v great_a variety_n of_o note_n it_o be_v a_o very_a tender_a bird_n and_o yet_o breed_v the_o soon_a of_o any_o in_o england_n my_o author_n say_v that_o he_o have_v have_v a_o nest_n of_o young_a bird_n ready_a to_o fly_v by_o the_o sixteen_o of_o march_n that_o it_o build_v most_o common_o in_o lay_n where_o the_o grass_n have_v be_v pretty_a rank_n and_o be_v grow_v russet_a under_o some_o large_a turf_n to_o shelter_v its_o nest_n from_o the_o wind_n and_o weather_n he_o can_v never_o bring_v up_o a_o nest_n of_o young_a one_o because_o they_o either_o have_v the_o cramp_n or_o fall_v into_o a_o scour_n in_o less_o than_o a_o week_n time_n after_o he_o have_v take_v they_o nor_o can_v he_o ever_o hear_v of_o any_o who_o have_v keep_v they_o so_o long_o as_o till_o they_o sing_v so_o that_o they_o be_v never_o breed_v from_o the_o nest_n the_o season_n of_o take_v woodlark_n and_o which_o best_o to_o keep_v there_o be_v three_o season_n of_o take_v woodlark_n 1._o the_o first_o be_v in_o june_n july_n and_o august_n when_o the_o brancher_n be_v take_v have_v not_o yet_o moult_v these_o bird_n sing_v present_o but_o continue_v their_o sing_n but_o little_a for_o they_o soon_o fall_v a_o moult_a they_o be_v common_o very_o familiar_a bird_n as_o be_v take_v young_a 2._o the_o next_o season_n for_o take_v they_o be_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o september_n which_o my_o author_n call_v the_o general_a flight-time_n when_o they_o rove_v from_o one_o country_n to_o another_o by_o this_o time_n they_o have_v all_o moult_v their_o feather_n and_o you_o can_v hardly_o distinguish_v a_o young_a bird_n from_o a_o old_a the_o bird_n take_v at_o this_o season_n be_v brave_a strong_a and_o sprightful_a and_o prove_v well_o at_o spring_n if_o they_o be_v well_o keep_v all_o winter_n otherwise_o they_o will_v be_v lousy_a and_o quite_o spoil_v they_o usual_o begin_v not_o to_o sing_v till_o after_o spring_n and_o continue_v till_o july_n 3._o the_o three_o season_n be_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o january_n to_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o february_n when_o they_o be_v pair_v and_o have_v part_v with_o their_o last_o year_n brood_n these_o sing_v within_o three_o or_o four_o day_n or_o a_o week_n at_o further_a if_o they_o be_v well_o condition_v bird_n and_o will_v soon_o become_v tame_a for_o your_o fearful_a wild_a buckish_a bird_n seldom_o prove_v good_a for_o upon_o every_o turn_n they_o bolt_n against_o the_o side_n of_o the_o cage_n and_o bruise_v themselves_o and_o so_o be_v apt_a to_o leave_v off_o sing_v therefore_o if_o you_o have_v a_o bird_n that_o be_v a_o good_a bird_n and_o wild_a have_v a_o net_n knit_v french_a meash_n and_o put_v it_o in_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o cage_n sow_v it_o close_o to_o the_o side_n and_o strait_a that_o when_o he_o bolt_v or_o flirt_v he_o may_v take_v no_o harm_n bird_n take_v at_o this_o season_n for_o the_o most_o part_n prove_v the_o best_a they_o be_v in_o full_a stomach_n and_o sing_v in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n after_o and_o be_v also_o more_o perfect_a in_o their_o song_n than_o those_o take_v at_o other_o season_n how_o to_o order_v a_o woodlark_n when_o take_v in_o the_o first_o place_n you_o must_v have_v a_o cage_n with_o two_o pan_n one_o for_o mix_a meat_n and_o another_o for_o oatmeal_n and_o whole_a hempseed_n first_o boil_v a_o egg_n hard_a then_o take_v the_o crumb_n of_o a_o halfpenny_n white-loaf_n and_o as_o much_o hempseed_n as_o the_o bread_n chap_v your_o egg_n very_o small_a and_o crumble_v your_o bread_n and_o it_o together_o then_o bruise_v your_o hempseed_n very_o small_a with_o a_o roll_a pin_n or_o pound_n it_o in_o a_o mortar_n mingle_v all_o together_o and_o give_v it_o he_o 2._o you_o must_v put_v red_a gravel_n sift_v fine_a at_o the_o bottom_n of_o his_o cage_n for_o he_o delight_v to_o bask_v himself_o in_o the_o sand_n which_o if_o he_o do_v not_o pretty_a often_o he_o prove_v lousy_a and_o then_o seldom_o come_v to_o any_o thing_n if_o you_o leave_v gravel-stone_n in_o the_o sand_n he_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o break_v his_o feather_n in_o bask_v he_o shift_v this_o sand_n twice_o a_o week_n otherwise_o he_o will_v be_v subject_a to_o clog_v his_o foot_n with_o his_o dung_n 3._o be_v sure_a that_o his_o meat_n be_v not_o too_o stale_a for_o he_o will_v never_o thrive_v upon_o it_o when_o dry_a or_o mouldy_a 4._o have_v a_o great_a care_n to_o shift_v his_o water_n oft_o thrice_o a_o week_n at_o least_o for_o it_o stink_v soon_o than_o any_o bird_n water_n because_o throw_v about_o his_o meat_n some_o fall_n into_o it_o which_o cause_v it_o immediate_o to_o stink_v 5._o line_n your_o perch_n in_o the_o cage_n with_o some_o green_a bay_n or_o else_o make_v a_o perch_n of_o a_o mat_n which_o i_o have_v find_v they_o very_o much_o to_o delight_v in_o note_v 1_o if_o your_o bird_n be_v very_o wild_a when_o he_o be_v take_v keep_v he_o three_o or_o four_o day_n from_o company_n till_o he_o begin_v to_o eat_v his_o meat_n strew_v some_o of_o the_o hempseed_n and_o oatmeal_n upon_o the_o sand_n and_o some_o of_o his_o mix_a meat_n also_o because_o sometime_o they_o find_v not_o the_o pan_n till_o they_o be_v almost_o famish_v note_v 2._o if_o he_o
good_a way_n and_o towards_o the_o tip_n moderate_o hook_v the_o claw_n also_o be_v whitish_a §._o x._o the_o bird_n call_v spipoletta_n at_o florence_n tordino_n at_o venice_n perchance_o the_o 732._o stopparola_n or_o 731._o grisola_n or_o spipola_n secunda_fw-la of_o aldrovand_n it_o be_v less_o than_o a_o lark_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o beccafigo_n from_o bill_n point_n to_o tail_n end_n 7⅛_n inch_n long_o between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v eleven_o three_o quarter_n broad_a it_o be_v bill_n be_v small_a slender_a about_o half_a a_o inch_n long_o straight_o sharp_a and_o coalblack_a its_o spur_n or_o back-claw_a very_o long_o like_o a_o lark_n it_o be_v colour_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n neck_n shoulder_n and_o back_o cinereous_a with_o a_o dash_n of_o green_a mr._n willughby_n make_v the_o back_n to_o be_v of_o a_o obscure_a or_o dusky_a yellow_a the_o head_n more_o cinereous_a the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v white_a the_o throat_n spot_v the_o belly_n of_o the_o hen-bird_n be_v yellowish_a the_o throat_n breast_n and_o belly_n in_o some_o be_v white_a in_o other_o of_o a_o lovely_a yellow_a but_o in_o all_o general_o the_o breast_n be_v dark_a than_o the_o throat_n or_o belly_n and_o spot_v it_o have_v in_o each_o wing_n eighteen_o prime_a feather_n i_o find_v not_o in_o this_o kind_n that_o small_a short_a outmost_a feather_n which_o we_o have_v observe_v in_o the_o wing_n of_o many_o small_a bird_n of_o a_o dark_a or_o dusky_a colour_n except_v the_o outer_a edge_n which_o be_v either_o whitish_a or_o yellowish_a the_o feather_n also_o of_o the_o second_o row_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o those_o of_o the_o first_o the_o tail_n be_v about_o three_o inch_n long_o and_o consist_v of_o ten_o feather_n of_o which_o the_o two_o outmost_a on_o each_o side_n have_v their_o outward_a vane_n and_o top_n in_o the_o whole_a above_o their_o half_n milkwhite_a all_o the_o rest_n be_v dark-coloured_n and_o almost_o black_a especial_o in_o the_o male_n except_v the_o two_o middlemost_a which_o round_o the_o edge_n be_v either_o yellowish_a or_o white_a mr._n willughby_n describe_v the_o tail_n a_o little_a otherwise_o and_o perchance_o more_o exact_o thus_o the_o tail_n be_v black_a but_o the_o upper_a half_n of_o the_o outmost_a feather_n on_o each_o side_n and_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o next_o be_v white_a the_o two_o middlemost_a from_o dusky_a incline_v to_o a_o ash-colour_n this_o bird_n be_v sufficient_o distinguish_v by_o the_o length_n of_o its_o heel_n from_o other_o sort_n of_o bird_n by_o the_o black_a colour_n of_o its_o wing_n and_o tail_n bill_n and_o foot_n from_o other_o lark_n concern_v its_o manner_n place_n nest_n breed_v etc._n etc._n we_o have_v nothing_o further_a to_o add_v we_o see_v it_o at_o venice_n and_o florence_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o countryman_n and_o fowler_n among_o other_o small_a bird_n to_o be_v sell_v in_o the_o market_n at_o florence_n they_o call_v it_o spipoletta_n whence_o induce_v by_o the_o agreement_n of_o name_n we_o guess_v it_o to_o be_v either_o the_o first_o or_o second_o spipola_n of_o aldrovandus_n but_o yet_o see_v in_o the_o description_n of_o these_o bird_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v of_o the_o length_n of_o the_o heel_n which_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a so_o curious_a a_o spectator_n as_o aldrovand_n shall_v either_o oversee_v or_o through_o neglect_n and_o forgetfulness_n omit_v notwithstanding_o the_o convenience_n of_o name_n these_o may_v perchance_o be_v distinct_a species_n and_o therefore_o that_o we_o may_v not_o give_v the_o reader_n just_a occasion_n to_o to_o complain_v that_o we_o have_v rash_o omit_v any_o thing_n in_o our_o ornithology_n we_o will_v annex_v to_o this_o chapter_n aldrovandus_n his_o description_n of_o spipolae_fw-la stopparolae_fw-la and_o other_o small_a bird_n to_o which_o we_o judge_v this_o to_o be_v the_o same_o or_o very_o like_a the_o first_o spipola_n of_o 26._o aldrovandus_n the_o first_o spipola_n which_o be_v great_a than_o the_o rest_n in_o this_o kind_n have_v a_o ash-coloured_a head_n under_o the_o bill_n a_o white_a spot_n in_o place_n of_o a_o beard_n it_o be_v breast_n be_v red_a its_o belly_n particoloured_a of_o red_a and_o white_a its_o tail_n black_a above_o white_z underneath_o it_o be_v back_o ash-coloured_a its_o wing_n particoloured_a of_o white_a black_a and_o red_a its_o leg_n and_o foot_n yellow_a its_o claw_n black_a its_o bill_n long_o slender_a and_o dusky_a colour_v this_o bird_n if_o it_o be_v exact_o describe_v be_v to_o we_o as_o yet_o unknown_a the_o other_o spipola_n of_o ibid._n aldrovandus_n this_o incline_v more_o to_o a_o ash-colour_n than_o the_o precedent_n but_o differ_v from_o it_o in_o that_o it_o have_v not_o a_o red_a breast_n but_o mark_v with_o black_a spot_n draw_v downward_o it_o be_v also_o more_o cinereous_a above_o than_o beneath_o moreover_o the_o belly_n be_v almost_o white_a behind_o the_o eye_n be_v a_o great_a spot_n approach_v after_o a_o sort_n to_o a_o ferrugineous_a colour_n the_o master_n feather_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o those_o which_o cover_v they_o be_v black_a their_o side_n and_o end_n be_v cinereous_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v dusky_a the_o tail_n ash-coloured_a the_o three_o spipola_n of_o aldrovandus_n describe_v in_o the_o same_o chapter_n this_o some_o call_n boarina_n it_o be_v a_o small_a bird_n almost_o all_o over_o of_o a_o pale_a or_o whitish_a yellow_a but_o deep_a in_o the_o wing_n than_o elsewhere_o the_o bill_n and_o foot_n be_v dusky_a the_o stopparola_n of_o aldrovand_n lib._n 17._o cap._n 27._o the_o fowler_n say_v he_o of_o our_o city_n call_v this_o bird_n stopparola_n a_o name_n i_o know_v not_o what_o it_o signify_v nor_o whence_o it_o be_v derive_v unless_o perchance_o it_o be_v from_o stubble_n which_o our_o peasant_n country_n man_n call_v stoppia_n it_o be_v if_o i_o be_v not_o mistake_v of_o the_o genus_fw-la of_o the_o flycatcher_n muscicapae_n have_v the_o breast_n and_o belly_n for_o the_o most_o part_n white_a the_o head_n which_o on_o the_o crown_n be_v speckle_v with_o white_a spot_n neck_n back_o and_o tail_n brown_a the_o quill-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n black_a as_o be_v also_o the_o covert_n but_o yellowish_a on_o the_o side_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n slender_a and_o black_a the_o bill_n indifferent_o long_a sharp-pointed_a and_o black_a a_o bird_n like_o to_o stopparola_n &_o magnanina_n aldrov_n in_o the_o same_o place_n it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o wagtail_n have_v a_o long_a straight_o sharp_a bill_n yet_o above_o have_v a_o little_a declivity_n black_a above_o and_o of_o a_o horn_n colour_n underneath_o the_o neck_n breast_n and_o belly_n pale_a the_o eye_n small_a and_o lively_a have_v a_o black_a pupil_n and_o a_o white_a circle_n and_o a_o dusky_a spot_n hardly_o conspicuous_a about_o they_o the_o foot_n leadencoloured_a the_o grisola_n of_o 28._o aldrovandus_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a other_o 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also_o for_o its_o spot_a breast_n we_o will_v refer_v the_o glareana_n or_o grien_n vogelin_n of_o gesner_n which_o because_o the_o author_n describe_v from_o the_o inspection_n of_o a_o picture_n send_v he_o from_o strasburgh_n we_o suspect_v not_o to_o differ_v from_o the_o above_o describe_v although_o in_o some_o particular_n it_o seem_v to_o vary_v we_o refer_v the_o reader_n that_o desire_v more_o concern_v it_o to_o gesner_n or_o aldrovandus_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o swallow_n in_o general_n the_o characteristic_a note_n of_o swallow_n be_v a_o great_a head_n a_o short_a neck_n a_o small_a short_a bill_n a_o wide_a mouth_n for_o the_o more_o easy_a catch_v of_o fly_n and_o other_o infect_v as_o they_o fly_v to_o and_o fro_o very_o long_a wing_n a_o swift_a and_o almost_o continual_a flight_n a_o long_a and_o fork_a tail_n for_o the_o more_o ready_a and_o speedy_a turn_v their_o body_n
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but_o many_o fly_n and_o beetle_n this_o bird_n build_v a_o round_a nest_n like_o the_o house-swallow_n and_o also_o of_o like_a matter_n yet_o not_o in_o chimney_n but_o in_o window_n under_o eve_n of_o house_n etc._n etc._n it_o differ_v moreover_o in_o that_o the_o house-swallow_n nest_n be_v like_o those_o of_o other_o bird_n semicircular_a and_o all_o open_a above_o but_o its_o nest_n be_v cover_v above_o a_o round_a hole_n only_o be_v leave_v open_a in_o the_o side_n by_o which_o the_o old_a one_o go_v in_o and_o out_o §._o iii_o the_o sand-martin_n or_o shore-bird_n hirundo_fw-la riparia_fw-la aldrov_n this_o bird_n be_v the_o least_o that_o we_o know_v of_o the_o swallow-kind_n be_v from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n no_o more_o than_o five_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n long_o it_o be_v bill_n be_v small_a sharp_a flat_a black_a as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n from_o the_o point_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n half_a a_o 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its_o nest_n of_o straw_n bent_n etc._n etc._n within_o of_o feather_n on_o which_o it_o lay_v its_o eggs._n it_o differ_v from_o the_o common_a martin_n in_o have_v no_o white_a upon_o the_o rump_n nor_o its_o foot_n feather_v as_o that_o have_v of_o this_o kind_a great_a number_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o market_n at_o valentia_n in_o spain_n to_o besold_a for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o kitchen_n where_o the_o fowler_n and_o country_n people_n call_v they_o butterfly_n papilion_n di_fw-fr montagna_n they_o be_v frequent_a also_o in_o holland_n and_o no_o less_o in_o england_n §._o iv._o the_o black_a martin_n or_o swift_n hirundo_fw-la apus_fw-la this_o be_v the_o big_a of_o all_o swallow_n we_o have_v hitherto_o see_v it_o have_v a_o great_a head_n a_o huge_a wide_a mouth_n but_o a_o very_a small_a black_a bill_n wherein_o it_o agree_v with_o the_o caprimulgus_fw-la churn-owl_n towards_o the_o nostril_n broad_a and_o depress_v it_o be_v tongue_n be_v broad_a and_o somewhat_o cleave_v 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ancient_a building_n it_o be_v weight_n be_v three_o quarter_n of_o a_o ounce_n its_o length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o claw_n five_o inch_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n seven_o and_o a_o quarter_n the_o distance_n between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v sixteen_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a of_o this_o kind_n we_o have_v see_v the_o picture_n of_o one_o have_v its_o whole_a nether_a part_n throat_n breast_n and_o belly_n white_a and_o as_o we_o say_v before_o scaliger_n mention_n one_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o buzzard_n §._o v._o *_o aldrovandus_n his_o sea-swallow_n this_o bird_n in_o my_o judgement_n belong_v not_o to_o this_o family_n but_o aught_o to_o be_v rank_v with_o the_o aldrovandus_n lesser_a lari_n or_o seagull_n it_o be_v say_v aldrovandus_n much_o big_a than_o a_o swallow_n and_o have_v long_a leg_n it_o be_v whole_a belly_n up_o to_o the_o breast_n be_v white_a its_o head_n wing_n and_o back_o duskish_a its_o wing_n and_o tail_n as_o in_o swallow_n be_v very_o long_o and_o of_o a_o blackish_a colour_n but_o brown_a withinside_o it_o be_v tail_n be_v fork_v it_o be_v bill_n strong_a and_o black_a as_o in_o a_o gull_n its_o mouth_n mouth_n wide_a and_o of_o a_o scarlet_a colour_n within_o from_o the_o bill_n through_o the_o eye_n almost_o to_o the_o breast_n be_v extend_v a_o notable_a black_a line_n which_o near_o the_o breast_n make_v as_o it_o be_v a_o collar_n the_o foot_n be_v as_o black_a as_o jet_v and_o as_o i_o say_v before_o less_o than_o a_o swallow_n for_o its_o likeness_n it_o be_v call_v by_o fowler_n the_o sea_n swallow_n §._o vi_o *_o the_o american_n swallow_n call_v by_o the_o brasilian_n tapera_n by_o the_o portague_n andorinha_n marggrav_fw-mi it_o be_v like_o our_o country_n swallow_n of_o the_o same_o bigness_n and_o fly_v about_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n it_o have_v a_o short_a broad_a black_a bill_n a_o wide_a mouth_n which_o it_o can_v open_v beyond_o the_o region_n of_o the_o eye_n like_o the_o great_a ibijan_a elegant_a black_a eye_n long_a wing_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n which_o be_v of_o a_o good_a breadth_n its_o leg_n and_o foot_n like_o those_o of_o our_o country_n swallow_n all_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o head_n the_o neck_n back_o wing_n and_o tail_n feather_n be_v of_o a_o brown_a colour_n mingle_v with_o grey_a the_o belly_n be_v white_a as_o be_v also_o the_o feather_n under_o the_o tail_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n dusky_a this_o bird_n perchance_o may_v not_o differ_v specifical_o from_o our_o european_a black_a martin_n or_o swift_n for_o that_o as_o we_o before_o observe_v the_o european_a swift_n vary_v sometime_o in_o colour_n be_v find_v with_o a_o white_a
belly_n §._o vii_o *_o the_o chinese_n swallow_n of_o bontius_n who_o nest_n be_v edible_a in_o the_o sea-coast_n say_v he_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n a_o sort_n of_o small_a particoloured_a bird_n of_o the_o shape_n of_o swallow_n at_o a_o certain_a season_n of_o the_o year_n viz._n their_o breed_a time_n come_v out_o of_o the_o midland_n country_n to_o the_o rock_n and_o from_o the_o foam_n or_o froth_n of_o the_o sea-water_n dash_v and_o break_v against_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o rock_n gather_v a_o certain_a clammy_a glutinous_a matter_n perchance_o the_o sperm_n of_o whale_n or_o other_o fish_n of_o which_o they_o build_v their_o nest_n wherein_o they_o lie_v their_o egg_n and_o hatch_v their_o young_a these_o nest_n the_o chinese_n pluck_v from_o the_o rock_n and_o bring_v they_o in_o great_a number_n into_o the_o east_n indies_n to_o sell_v which_o be_v esteem_v by_o glutton_n great_a delicacy_n who_o dissolve_v they_o in_o chicken_n or_o mutton_n broth_n be_v very_o 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the_o prime_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n dusky_a with_o red_a edge_n the_o interior_a of_o the_o second_o row_n of_o wing-feather_n have_v whitish_a tip_n the_o lesler_fw-mi covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o those_o on_o the_o body_n this_o have_v that_o extreme_a short_a feather_n in_o each_o wing_n which_o some_o bird_n want_v the_o tail_n be_v about_o two_o inch_n long_o make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n all_o dusky_a without_o any_o variety_n of_o colour_n the_o nether_a part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v cinercous_a yet_o the_o low_a belly_n whitish_a but_o in_o some_o bird_n dark_a and_o of_o a_o lead-colour_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a flesh-colour_n the_o claw_n dusky_a the_o hind-claw_a great_a and_o long_o than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n the_o outmost_a toe_n as_o in_o other_o small_a bird_n at_o bottom_n grow_v to_o the_o middlemost_a the_o cock_n have_v large_a testicle_n the_o blind_a gut_n seem_v to_o we_o in_o this_o to_o be_v more_o round_o and_o tumid_a than_o in_o other_o small_a bird_n the_o stomach_n be_v not_o very_o fleshy_a it_o build_v in_o hedge_n and_o lay_v common_o five_o egg_n be_v foolish_a bird_n and_o easy_o take_v its_o egg_n be_v of_o a_o fine_a pale_a blue_a or_o sea-green_a colour_n a_o late_a english_a writer_n say_v that_o they_o be_v a_o very_a pleasant_a song-bird_n sing_v early_o in_o the_o spring_n and_o have_v great_a variety_n of_o note_n old_a or_o young_a become_v tame_a very_o swift_o and_o will_v sing_v in_o a_o short_a space_n after_o they_o be_v take_v if_o you_o take_v they_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o january_n or_o beginning_n of_o february_n it_o be_v weight_n be_v three_o quarter_n of_o a_o ounce_n its_o measure_n be_v from_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o claw_n six_o inch_n to_o the_o tail_n end_v seven_o from_o tip_n to_o tip_v of_o the_o wing_n spread_v eight_o and_o a_o half_a perchance_o this_o may_v be_v the_o bird_n which_o gesner_n make_v his_o first_o curruca_n who_o figure_n you_o have_v in_o aldrovands_n ornithology_n lib._n 17._o cap._n 34._o in_o the_o nest_n of_o this_o bird_n the_o cuckoo_n be_v say_v to_o lay_v her_o egg_n which_o the_o foolish_a bird_n sit_v upon_o hatch_n and_o bring_v up_o the_o young_a one_o till_o it_o be_v fledge_v and_o can_v shift_v for_o itself_o whence_o the_o word_n curruca_n signify_v as_o much_o in_o latin_a as_o cuckold_n with_o we_o in_o english_a i._n e._n one_o that_o bring_v up_o another_o man_n child_n for_o his_o own_o i_o suppose_v our_o word_n cuckold_n come_v from_o cuckoo_n but_o a_o man_n abuse_v in_o that_o manner_n be_v very_o improper_o so_o call_v he_o that_o abuse_v he_o be_v indeed_o the_o cuckoo_n that_o lay_v a_o egg_n in_o his_o nest_n whether_o or_o no_o this_o bird_n do_v hatch_v and_o bring_v up_o the_o young_a cuckoo_n i_o can_v say_v of_o my_o own_o experience_n but_o i_o be_o sure_a this_o be_v not_o the_o only_a cuckows-nurse_n for_o i_o have_v know_v the_o water-wagtail_n and_o other_o bird_n perform_v that_o office_n aldrovandus_n describe_v his_o magnanina_n in_o these_o word_n it_o be_v a_o bird_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o aldrov_n sparrow_n have_v a_o slender_a sharp_a black_a bill_n on_o the_o nether_a side_n down_o to_o the_o belly_n of_o a_o pale_a ash-colour_n the_o belly_n be_v white_a behind_o the_o eye_n it_o have_v a_o notable_a spot_n of_o almost_o a_o chestnut_n colour_n of_o which_o colour_n be_v also_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n the_o great_a wing-feather_n be_v black_a the_o tail_n of_o a_o spadiceous_a but_o pale_a than_o the_o back_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n yellow_a the_o claw_n black_a some_o of_o our_o fowler_n call_v it_o magnanina_n as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o a_o smith_n or_o carpenter-bird_n perchance_o because_o it_o make_v a_o loud_a knock_n or_o snap_v with_o its_o bill_n as_o it_o catch_v fly_n other_o call_v it_o passere_fw-la matto_fw-it that_o be_v a_o foolish_a sparrow_n perhaps_o from_o its_o colour_n which_o approach_v to_o spadiceous_a or_o rather_o because_o it_o easy_o yield_v itself_o to_o be_v take_v chap._n v._o the_o beccafigo_n or_o fig-eater_n perchance_o the_o four_o or_o seven_o ficedula_fw-la of_o aldrovandus_n to_o which_o be_v subjoin_v the_o description_n of_o other_o small_a bird_n akin_a to_o this_o out_o of_o aldrovand_n this_o be_v a_o very_a small_a bird_n scarce_o so_o big_a as_o the_o common_a linnet_n short_a body_v the_o colour_n of_o its_o head_n neck_n back_o wing_n and_o tail_n from_o ash-colour_n incline_v to_o green_a in_o some_o dusky_a with_o a_o tincture_n of_o green_a it_o have_v the_o same_o number_n of_o wing_n and_o tail-feather_n with_o all_o other_o small_a bird_n but_o the_o quill_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o mouse-dun_a with_o black_a shaft_n and_o green_a edge_n the_o lesser_a row_n of_o feather_n that_o cover_v the_o underside_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v yellow_a the_o tail_n be_v about_o two_o inch_n long_o not_o fork_v and_o all_o its_o feather_n of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n the_o belly_n of_o a_o white_a or_o silver_n colour_n the_o breast_n something_o dark_a with_o a_o tincture_n of_o yellow_a the_o bill_n be_v short_a the_o upper_a mandible_a black_a the_o low_a bluish_a the_o mouth_n withinside_o of_o a_o red_a or_o flesh-colour_n the_o leg_n short_a the_o foot_n bluish_a and_o in_o some_o of_o a_o lead_n colour_n this_o bird_n be_v not_o remarkable_a for_o any_o variety_n of_o colour_n so_o that_o it_o be_v very_o hard_o so_o to_o describe_v it_o as_o by_o certain_a and_o characteristic_a note_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o all_o other_o in_o its_o stomach_n dissect_v we_o find_v grape-stone_n and_o other_o seed_n mr._n jessop_n shoot_v this_o bird_n in_o yorkshire_n and_o send_v it_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o pettychap_n the_o
seven_o ficedula_fw-la of_o aldrovand_n which_o he_o say_v his_o countryman_n the_o bolognese_n aldrov_n call_v scatarello_n but_o the_o genoese_a beccafigo_n be_v almost_o all_o over_o of_o a_o dusky_a ash-colour_n especial_o on_o the_o back_n and_o upper-side_n for_o the_o breast_n be_v yellow_a the_o foot_n be_v black_a save_v in_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o foot_n it_o agree_v with_o the_o bird_n by_o we_o describe_v in_o this_o chapter_n neither_o be_v the_o second_o muscicapa_n of_o aldrovand_n or_o chivin_v of_o the_o bolognese_n call_v by_o the_o genoese_a borin_n much_o unlike_a to_o this_o it_o be_v a_o little_o big_a than_o a_o wren_n its_o bill_n genoese_a slender_a sharp_a and_o very_o fit_a to_o strike_v fly_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o its_o head_n as_o also_o its_o neck_n and_o back_o be_v of_o a_o pale_a ash-colour_n its_o head_n beneath_o its_o throat_n breast_n and_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o white_a tend_v to_o yellow_a but_o the_o breast_n and_o belly_n more_o dilute_a the_o wing_n above_o dun_a underneath_o also_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n but_o pale_a the_o rump_n white_a the_o tail_n which_o consist_v of_o twelve_o feather_n be_v three_o inch_n long_o and_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o wing_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n gesner_n spadiceous_a the_o claw_n long_o and_o slender_a moreover_o the_o salicaria_n of_o gesner_n be_v either_o the_o same_o with_o this_o or_o certain_o near_o akin_a to_o it_o it_o be_v say_v he_o a_o very_a small_a bird_n of_o colour_n partly_o dusky_a as_o on_o the_o upper_a side_n partly_o yellowish_a as_o on_o the_o nether_a and_o partly_o whitish_a as_o on_o the_o side_n and_o near_o the_o neck_n have_v red_a leg_n it_o feed_v upon_o fly_n spider_n and_o other_o infect_v that_o it_o find_v among_o willow_n which_o that_o it_o may_v enjoy_v alone_o it_o drive_v away_o other_o small_a bird_n it_o have_v a_o slender_a straight_a bill_n aldrovandus_n describe_v another_o bird_n by_o the_o name_n of_o his_o first_o muscicapa_n or_o flie-catcher_n aldrov_n which_o he_o say_v from_o follow_v and_o frequent_v cow_n the_o bolognese_n call_v boarola_n or_o boarina_n it_o be_v be_v a_o long-bodied_n bird_n and_o have_v a_o pretty_a long_a bill_n of_o a_o dusky_a red_a colour_n the_o head_n and_o whole_a back_o be_v of_o a_o colour_n mix_v of_o lead-colour_n plumbeous_a cinereous_a and_o yellowish_a the_o breast_n and_o all_o the_o belly_n white_a but_o the_o breast_n spot_v with_o black_a the_o wing_n be_v particoloured_a of_o black_a yellowish_a and_o white_a the_o tail_n long_o black_a and_o white_a on_o the_o side_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n black_a chap._n vi_o a_o small_a bird_n without_o name_n like_o to_o the_o stopparola_n of_o aldrovand_n perchance_o the_o moucherolle_n of_o bellonius_fw-la for_o bigness_n and_o colour_n it_o be_v very_o like_a to_o a_o hen-sparrow_n but_o of_o a_o long_o and_o slendere_a body_n the_o head_n neck_n back_o and_o general_o the_o whole_a upper_a side_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a cinereous_a or_o mouse-dun_a yet_o the_o wing_n and_o tail_n dark_a than_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_n and_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n to_o one_o who_o heedful_o view_v it_o appear_v certain_a black_a spot_n all_o the_o nether_a side_n be_v white_a but_o the_o shaft_n of_o the_o feather_n in_o the_o breast_n be_v black_a and_o the_o throat_n and_o side_n somewhat_o red_a the_o tail_n be_v two_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n long_o all_o dusky_a as_o be_v also_o the_o great_a quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n for_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o interior_a be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a white_a the_o outmost_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v very_o short_a and_o little_a in_o some_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_a the_o tip_n of_o the_o interior_a feather_n of_o the_o second_o row_n as_o also_o of_o the_o bastard-wing_n feather_n be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a white_a the_o bill_n be_v straight_o black_a broad_a and_o depress_v or_o flat_a near_o the_o head_n the_o upper_a chap_n rise_v up_o in_o a_o angle_n or_o ridge_n all_o along_o the_o middle_n whence_o the_o bill_n seem_v to_o be_v triangular_a and_o be_v a_o little_a long_o than_o the_o nether_a and_o sharp-pointed_a the_o mouth_n gape_v wide_a and_o be_v yellow_a withinside_o the_o tongue_n cleave_v with_o a_o deep_a incision_n rough_a on_o the_o side_n the_o leg_n short_a and_o black_a the_o foot_n also_o small_a and_o short_a the_o outer_a toe_n below_o stick_v fast_o to_o the_o middle_a one_o as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o gall_n be_v yellow_a the_o testicle_n small_a and_o black_a in_o the_o gizzard_n we_o find_v bee_n fly_n and_o other_o infect_v in_o summertime_n it_o frequent_v garden_n with_o we_o in_o england_n in_o the_o young_a bird_n of_o this_o kind_a the_o back_n be_v spot_v with_o black_a and_o white_a this_o bird_n differ_v from_o the_o white-throat_n in_o that_o its_o tail_n be_v all_o of_o one_o colour_n from_o the_o beccafigo_n in_o the_o colour_n of_o its_o body_n be_v of_o a_o dusky_a cinereous_a or_o mouse-dun_a whereas_o that_o be_v pale_a colour_v and_o tincture_v with_o green_a from_o both_o in_o magnitude_n and_o in_o the_o figure_n of_o its_o bill_n which_o as_o we_o say_v before_o be_v broad_a depress_v and_o triangular_a we_o have_v before_o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o lark_n present_v the_o reader_n with_o the_o description_n of_o the_o stopparola_n and_o stopparolae_fw-la similis_fw-la of_o aldrovand_n as_o for_o the_o moucherolle_fw-fr bellonius_fw-la describe_v it_o thus_o it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o hedge-sparrow_n curruca_n live_v in_o wood_n and_o feed_v chief_o upon_o fly_n whence_o also_o it_o be_v call_v *_o moucherolle_fw-fr mouche_n in_o french_a signify_v a_o fly_n it_o be_v so_o like_o a_o sparrow_n that_o unless_o by_o its_o condition_n while_o it_o be_v live_v and_o its_o bill_n when_o dead_a it_o can_v hardly_o be_v distinguish_v from_o it_o it_o have_v strong_a leg_n and_o foot_n the_o foot_n also_o black_a the_o bill_n be_v slender_a and_o oblong_a like_o a_o robin-red-breast_n the_o tail_n also_o long_o in_o brief_a it_o be_v in_o all_o point_n like_v to_o the_o small_a field-sparrow_n that_o haunt_v oak_n except_v the_o bill_n and_o its_o pleasant_a note_n it_o lie_v much_o in_o wood_n and_o thicket_n fly_v and_o hide_v itself_o there_o this_o description_n of_o bellonius_fw-la seem_v rather_o to_o agree_v to_o our_o hedg-sparrow_n than_o to_o the_o bird_n describe_v in_o this_o chapter_n *_o the_o brasilian_n tijeguacu_fw-la of_o marrgrave_n for_o the_o figure_n of_o its_o bill_n alike_o depress_v and_o triangular_a we_o have_v subjoin_v this_o bird_n to_o the_o precedent_n though_o otherwise_o not_o much_o resemble_v it_o it_o be_v say_v marggrave_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o sparrow_n or_o a_o little_o big_a have_v a_o short_a triangular_a and_o somewhat_o broad_a black_a bill_n its_o eye_n of_o a_o sapphire_n colour_n its_o leg_n and_o foot_n of_o a_o waxen_a with_o duskish_a claw_n its_o toe_n be_v dispose_v after_o the_o ordinary_a manner_n the_o whole_a bird_n be_v as_o black_a as_o a_o raven_n but_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n it_o have_v a_o shine_a sanguine_a spot_n of_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o buckler_n the_o feather_n cover_v the_o whole_a back_n almost_o and_o part_n of_o each_o wing_n above_o from_o black_a incline_v to_o blue_a the_o tail_n be_v short_a and_o black_a chap._n vii_o the_o redstart_n ruticilla_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o breast_n rump_n and_o side_n under_o the_o wing_n be_v red_a the_o low_a belly_n white_a the_o head_n neck_n and_o back_o of_o a_o lead-colour_n the_o forehead_n mark_v with_o a_o white_a spot_n separate_v from_o the_o eye_n and_o bill_n by_o a_o black_a line_n although_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v produce_v beyond_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n and_o to_o encompass_v the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n which_o be_v as_o we_o say_v of_o a_o lead_n colour_n the_o throat_n and_o cheek_n 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together_o with_o the_o feather_n be_v scarce_o equal_a in_o bigness_n to_o a_o spanish_a olive_n it_o have_v a_o slender_a and_o very_o sharp_a round_o even_o straight_a bill_n yet_o towards_o the_o end_n a_o little_a incline_n downward_o a_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a the_o colour_n of_o this_o bill_n be_v black_a except_v the_o low_a chap_n towards_o the_o rise_n where_o it_o be_v red_a it_o have_v a_o double_a or_o cleave_a tongue_n very_o small_a or_o slender_a like_o a_o fine_a silken_a thread_n white_a long_a so_o that_o it_o can_v thrust_v it_o forth_o far_o beyond_o the_o bill_n small_a black_a eye_n very_o small_a and_o short_a leg_n and_o foot_n of_o a_o black_a colour_n four_o toe_n in_o each_o foot_n three_z standing_z forward_z and_o one_o backward_o arm_v with_o long_a semilunar_a very_o sharp_a black_a claw_n it_o have_v a_o straight_a tail_n a_o inch_n long_o consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o four_o feather_n the_o wing_n which_o be_v of_o two_o inch_n length_n reach_v almost_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n nature_n have_v show_v a_o singular_a art_n in_o the_o composure_n of_o the_o wing-feather_n from_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o wing_n for_o about_o three_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n there_o be_v a_o double_a row_n of_o feather_n one_o long_o than_o the_o other_o and_o the_o feather_n be_v put_v one_o upon_o another_o as_o it_o be_v short_a wing_n upon_o long_a one_o then_o after_o these_o feather_n come_v the_o wing-feather_n which_o be_v about_o ten_o the_o subsequent_a interior_a be_v still_o long_o than_o the_o precedent_n exterior_a so_o that_o the_o inmost_a determine_v the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v the_o long_a of_o all_o these_o wing_n be_v spread_v it_o can_v fly_v a_o long_a time_n and_o rest_n in_o the_o same_o place_n as_o it_o be_v hang_v in_o the_o air_n as_o it_o fly_v it_o make_v a_o noise_n like_o a_o bruchus_fw-la or_o more_o true_o like_o a_o linen_n spinning-wheel_n hur_z her_o her_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o 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much_o gold_n half_a fire-colour_n and_o a_o little_a green_a in_o brief_a shine_v like_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o belly_n be_v a_o few_o white_a feather_n mix_v the_o leg_n be_v black_a the_o wing_n blackish_a the_o tail_n almost_o a_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a handsome_a and_o broad_a consist_v of_o some_o feather_n of_o the_o same_o rare_a colour_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n some_o of_o a_o mix_a colour_n of_o green_a and_o golden_a and_o white_a about_o the_o edge_n some_o half_a white_a half_a green_a shine_v with_o golden_a that_o be_v on_o one_o side_n the_o shaft_n white_a on_o the_o other_o green_a 7._o the_o seven_o be_v a_o little_a less_o than_o the_o five_o and_o six_o kind_n have_v a_o bill_n not_o altogether_o a_o inch_n long_o be_v of_o a_o ash-colour_n all_o over_o the_o body_n almost_o like_o a_o sparrow_n which_o here_o and_o there_o shine_v rare_o with_o a_o mixture_n of_o red_a like_o a_o rubine_n 8._o the_o eight_o be_v the_o most_o elegant_a of_o all_o 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as_o marggrave_n tell_v we_o and_o guaracyaba_n that_o be_v a_o sunbeam_n and_o guaracigaba_n that_o be_v the_o hair_n of_o the_o sun_n according_a to_o de_fw-fr laet._n it_o be_v common_a in_o almost_o all_o the_o hot_a country_n of_o america_n it_o be_v report_v say_v nierembergius_n that_o the_o powder_n of_o this_o bird_n take_v inward_o cure_v the_o fall_v sickness_n what_o i_o find_v in_o marggravius_n concern_v the_o tail_n of_o the_o first_o species_n viz._n that_o it_o consist_v of_o four_o feather_n i_o vehement_o suspect_v to_o be_v a_o mistake_n either_o of_o the_o printer_n or_o of_o the_o author_n for_o in_o the_o tail_n of_o one_o that_o i_o examine_v i_o find_v the_o usual_a number_n of_o twelve_o feather_n chap._n xv._n slender-billed_n bird_n who_o tail_n be_v particoloured_a §._o i._o the_o fallow-smich_a in_o sussex_n the_o wheat-ear_n because_o the_o time_n of_o wheat-harvest_n they_o wax_v very_o fat_a call_v by_o the_o italian_n culo_fw-la bianco_n and_o by_o we_o also_o in_o some_o place_n white-tail_n from_o the_o colour_n of_o its_o rump_n oenanthe_n sive_fw-la vitiflora_n of_o aldrovandus_n in_o bigness_n it_o exceed_v the_o house-sparrow_n the_o colour_n of_o its_o head_n and_o back_o be_v cinereous_a with_o a_o certain_a mixture_n of_o red_a like_a to_o that_o which_o be_v see_v in_o the_o back_n of_o the_o coccothranstes_n hawsinch_n the_o back_n of_o a_o female_a bird_n which_o i_o describe_v at_o florence_n be_v cinereous_a with_o a_o certain_a mixture_n of_o green_a and_o red_a the_o rump_n in_o most_o be_v white_a whence_o also_o it_o take_v its_o name_n in_o some_o it_o be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o back_n or_o more_o red_a the_o whole_a belly_n be_v white_a light_o dash_v with_o red_a the_o breast_n and_o throat_n have_v a_o deep_a tincture_n of_o red_a the_o belly_n in_o the_o cock_n be_v sometime_o yellowish_a above_o the_o eye_n be_v a_o white_a line_n continue_v to_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n below_o the_o eye_n a_o black_a stroke_n be_v extend_v from_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o mouth_n to_o the_o ear_n i_o find_v not_o this_o black_a line_n in_o the_o female_n both_o the_o quil-feather_n and_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v all_o black_a beside_o the_o fringe_n or_o extreme_a edge_n which_o be_v white_a tincture_v with_o a_o sordid_a red_n the_o tail_n be_v two_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n long_o make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n of_o which_o the_o two_o middlemost_a have_v their_o upper_a half_a white_a the_o rest_n their_o low_a the_o other_o half_o be_v black_a moreover_o the_o tip_n and_o edge_n of_o they_o all_o be_v white_a in_o the_o hen_n the_o white_a take_v up_o but_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o feather_n the_o bill_n be_v slender_a straight_o black_a more_o than_o half_a a_o inch_n long_o the_o mouth_n be_v black_a within_o the_o tongue_n black_a and_o cleave_a the_o aperture_n of_o the_o mouth_n great_a the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n hazel-coloured_n the_o back-toe_n be_v arm_v with_o a_o great_a claw_n the_o stomach_n be_v not_o very_o musculous_a out_o of_o which_o dissect_a we_o take_v beetle_n and_o other_o infect_v it_o breed_v in_o forsake_a coney-burrough_n the_o sussex_n shepherd_n to_o catch_v these_o bird_n use_v this_o art_n they_o dig_v long_a turf_n of_o earth_n and_o lay_v they_o across_o the_o hole_n whereout_o they_o be_v dig_v and_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o they_o hang_v snare_n make_v of_o horsehair_n the_o bird_n be_v natural_o very_o timorous_a if_o a_o hawk_n happen_v to_o appear_v or_o but_o a_o cloud_n pass_v over_o and_o intercept_v the_o sunbeam_n hasty_o run_v to_o hide_v themselves_o in_o the_o hole_n under_o the_o turf_n and_o so_o be_v catch_v by_o the_o neck_n in_o the_o snare_n upon_o the_o down_n of_o sussex_n which_o be_v a_o ridge_n of_o mountain_n run_v all_o along_o by_o the_o sea-coast_n for_o thirty_o or_o forty_o mile_n in_o length_n they_o be_v take_v yearly_o in_o great_a number_n in_o harvest-time_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o autumn_n where_o for_o their_o fatness_n and_o delicate_a relish_n they_o be_v high_o prize_v aldrovandus_n have_v another_o oenanthe_n which_o be_v a_o little_a less_o than_o the_o former_a but_o yet_o big_a than_o a_o sparrow_n on_o the_o head_n neck_n back_o and_o lesser_a wing-feather_n of_o a_o red_a yellow_a deep_a on_o the_o back_n light_a on_o the_o breast_n have_v black_a eye_n behind_o which_o aldrovand_n be_v also_o a_o long_a black_a spot_n of_o a_o semilunar_a figure_n a_o long_a slender_a black_a bill_n black_a wing-feather_n who_o end_n be_v yellow_a as_o be_v also_o those_o of_o the_o tail-feather_n there_o be_v also_o a_o bird_n call_v strapazino_n by_o our_o fowler_n say_v aldrovand_n in_o the_o bononian_n territory_n who_o rump_n underneath_o and_o almost_o the_o whole_a tail_n be_v likewise_o white_a the_o head_n and_o back_o of_o a_o rusty_a yellow_a the_o wing-feather_n half_o black_a and_o half_a aldrov_n yellow_a the_o bill_n indifferent_a long_o of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n the_o throat_n breast_n and_o belly_n be_v white_a light_o dash_v with_o yellow_a the_o tail_n towards_o the_o rump_n be_v yellow_a else_o black_a §._o ii_o the_o whin-chat_n under_o which_o also_o we_o treat_v of_o the_o anthus_n or_o florus_n of_o aldrovand_n in_o bigness_n it_o scarce_o exceed_v a_o wagtail_n the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o body_n viz._n the_o back_n head_n and_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a feville-mort_a colour_n variegated_a with_o black_a spot_n place_v in_o row_n if_o you_o heed_v each_o single_a feather_n the_o middle_a part_n of_o it_o about_o the_o shaft_n be_v black_a the_o side_n of_o a_o feville-mort_a or_o dusky_a yellow_a the_o belly_n be_v white_a with_o a_o tincture_n of_o red_a the_o
side_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o breast_n from_o red_a incline_v to_o yellow_a the_o breast_n in_o some_o be_v variegated_a with_o black_a spot_n from_o the_o nostril_n above_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v draw_v a_o pale_a whitish_a line_n under_o the_o bill_n also_o on_o each_o side_n be_v a_o white_a line_n the_o intermediate_v space_n between_o these_o line_n in_o some_o bird_n be_v black_a in_o one_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n i_o observe_v a_o white_a spot_n behind_o each_o eye_n the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v brown_a with_o yellowish_a edge_n or_o of_o a_o feville-mort_a colour_n from_o the_o nine_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o eight_o follow_v be_v white_a the_o covert-feather_n next_o above_o the_o quill_n be_v black_a with_o red_a edge_n in_o which_o two_o white_a spot_n do_v mark_n or_o characterise_v each_o wing_n one_o under_o the_o bastard_n wing_n the_o other_o at_o the_o first_o joint_n by_o which_o note_n this_o bird_n may_v 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or_o red_a the_o middle_n of_o the_o belly_n be_v white_a the_o feather_n of_o this_o bird_n be_v soft_a and_o stand_v ruffle_a out_o as_o in_o a_o jay_n in_o all_o other_o point_v it_o agree_v with_o the_o above_o describe_v so_o that_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o be_v the_o same_o the_o three_o and_o four_o muscicapae_n of_o aldrovand_n differ_v not_o i_o think_v from_o this_o nor_o from_o one_o another_o otherwise_o than_o in_o colour_n it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o heath_n and_o be_v very_o querulous_a §._o iv._o *_o the_o brasilian_n guiraru_n nheengeta_n of_o marggrave_n which_o may_v be_v call_v the_o american_n chat._n it_o be_v as_o big_a or_o a_o little_o big_a than_o a_o water-blackbird_n or_o crack_v have_v a_o straight_a compress_a black_a bill_n more_o than_o half_a a_o inch_n long_o sapphire-coloured_n eye_n with_o a_o black_a pupil_n the_o thigh_n upper_a leg_n be_v cover_v with_o ash-coloured_a feather_n the_o low_a with_o a_o black_a skin_n as_o 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yellow_a the_o head_n and_o back_o of_o a_o dusky_a or_o greenish_a ash-colour_n the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o tail_n black_a the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n likewise_o black_a but_o from_o the_o five_o they_o be_v all_o white_a towards_o the_o bottom_n whence_o arise_v a_o whitespot_n or_o stroke_n across_o the_o wing_n from_o a_o narrow_a beginning_n widen_v by_o degree_n so_o that_o in_o the_o last_o feather_n it_o take_v up_o all_o the_o exterior_a vane_n but_o where_o it_o be_v broad_a it_o be_v gradual_o tincture_v with_o yellow_a the_o second_o row_n of_o wing-feather_n be_v black_a with_o whitish_a tip_n the_o edge_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o covert_n be_v green_a the_o tail_n be_v two_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n long_o it_o be_v outmost_a feather_n have_v their_o exterior_a web_n almost_o whole_o white_a in_o the_o next_o to_o they_o the_o white_a part_n be_v narrow_a all_o the_o rest_n be_v black_a but_o the_o middlemost_a deep_a it_o be_v bill_n be_v black_a 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bill_n and_o tail_n it_o agree_v with_o the_o coldfinch_n chap._n xvi_o the_o white-throat_n a_o spipola_n prima_fw-la aldrov_n the_o body_n of_o this_o bird_n seem_v to_o be_v something_o long_o than_o that_o of_o the_o beccafigo_n before_o describe_v but_o of_o almost_o the_o same_o magnitude_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n or_o of_o the_o foot_n for_o they_o be_v equal_o extend_v it_o have_v six_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n of_o length_n between_o the_o extreme_a point_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v eight_o and_o a_o half_a of_o breadth_n the_o upper_a bill_n be_v black_a the_o lower_z white_z the_o tongue_n slit_v with_o a_o deep_a incision_n the_o mouth_n within_o yellow_a the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n hazel-coloured_n the_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o dusky_a yellow_a or_o amber-colour_n the_o back-toe_n great_a the_o exterior_a foretoe_n equal_a and_o less_o than_o in_o other_o small_a bird_n join_v at_o bottom_n to_o the_o middlemost_a the_o interior_a by_o a_o intervening_a membrane_n which_o we_o have_v not_o observe_v in_o other_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o upper_a surface_n of_o the_o body_n from_o red_a incline_v to_o a_o ash-colour_n the_o head_n more_o cinereous_a the_o chin_n white_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o throat_n white_a with_o a_o tincture_n of_o red_a the_o breast_n also_o and_o low_o belly_n be_v something_o red_a in_o the_o hen_n the_o breast_n be_v white_a without_o any_o mixture_n of_o red_a the_o outmost_a edge_n of_o the_o first_o or_o outmost_a quil-feather_n be_v white_a the_o exterior_a edge_n of_o those_o next_o the_o body_n be_v red_a the_o extreme_a feather_n of_o the_o tail_n on_o each_o side_n have_v all_o their_o exterior_a web_n and_o half_a their_o interior_a white_a of_o the_o next_o to_o these_o the_o tip_v only_o be_v white_a all_o the_o rest_n be_v black_a only_o the_o extreme_a border_n or_o edge_n especial_o of_o the_o two_o middlemost_a incline_v to_o cinereous_a it_o frequent_v garden_n and_o feed_v upon_o beetle_n fly_n and_o other_o infect_v creep_v and_o hop_v up_o and_o down_o in_o bush_n like_o the_o hedg-sparrow_n it_o build_v also_o in_o bush_n not_o far_o from_o the_o ground_n the_o outer_a part_n of_o the_o nest_n be_v make_v of_o the_o tender_a stalk_n of_o herb_n and_o dry_a straw_n the_o middlemost_a of_o fine_a bent_n and_o soft_a grass_n the_o inner_a on_o which_o the_o egg_n lie_v of_o horsehair_n or_o other_o long_a hair_n it_o lay_v about_o five_o egg_n oblong_o of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n mingle_v of_o white_a and_o green_a besprinkle_v over_o with_o black_a speck_n this_o bird_n be_v very_o like_o the_o ficedula_fw-la above_o describe_v yet_o differ_v in_o some_o particular_n especial_o that_o the_o outmost_a feather_n of_o the_o tail_n in_o this_o be_v white_a whereas_o in_o that_o the_o tail_n be_v all_o of_o one_o colour_n among_o the_o doubtful_a bird_n of_o this_o kind_n at_o least_o to_o we_o not_o sufficient_o know_v we_o reckon_v 1._o the_o small_a nightingale_n lusciniola_n or_o roussette_n of_o bellonius_fw-la which_o you_o may_v find_v in_o aldrovand_n tom_n 2._o pag._n 767._o perchance_o the_o same_o with_o the_o giarola_n of_o aldrovand_n have_v a_o red_a bill_n and_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o body_n like_o a_o quail_n 2._o oenanthe_n congener_fw-la aldrov_n tom_fw-mi 2._o p._n 764._o 3._o the_o other_o spipola_n of_o aldrovand_n tom_fw-mi 2._o p._n 731._o the_o description_n whereof_o we_o have_v already_o set_v down_o edition_n p._n 153._o which_o perchance_o may_v be_v the_o same_o with_o our_o spipoletta_n or_o with_o our_o whin-chat_n p._n 168._o 4._o spipola_n tertia_fw-la or_o boarina_n of_o aldrovand_n p._n 732._o which_o we_o have_v already_o enter_v the_o description_n of_o p._n 153._o 5._o the_o stoparola_n of_o aldrovand_n p._n 732_o which_o you_o may_v find_v also_o in_o pag._n 153._o of_o this_o work_n 6._o boarina_n of_o aldrovand_n p._n 733._o who_o description_n we_o have_v subjoin_v to_o the_o ficedula_fw-la p._n 158._o 7._o grisola_n which_o we_o have_v annex_v to_o our_o spipoletta_n pag._n 153._o 8._o anthos_fw-la or_o florus_n which_o we_o have_v remember_v in_o our_o chapter_n of_o oenanthe_n pag._n 169._o these_o and_o some_o other_o bird_n comprehend_v by_o aldrovandus_n in_o three_o chapter_n viz._n twenty_o six_o twenty_o seven_o and_o twenty_o eight_o of_o the_o seventeen_o book_n under_o the_o title_n of_o spipolae_fw-la stoparolae_fw-la and_o muscicapae_n seem_v to_o we_o reducible_a to_o three_o or_o four_o species_n viz._n to_o the_o white-throat_n or_o moucherolle_v or_o passer_n rubi_fw-la for_o bellonius_fw-la his_o moucherolle_n be_v perchance_o another_o sort_n of_o bird_n and_o the_o beccasigo_n or_o black-cap_n chap._n xvii_o the_o water-wagtail_n motacilla_n in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d §._o i._o the_o white_a
lark_n it_o be_v body_n be_v three_o inch_n long_o its_o neck_n more_o than_o a_o inch_n its_o leg_n two_o inch_n its_o tail_n almost_o four_o it_o have_v a_o small_a head_n a_o bill_n a_o inch_n long_o straight_o only_o a_o little_a bend_n downward_o sharp-pointed_a black_a but_o below_o near_o its_o rise_n a_o little_a bluish_a the_o head_n be_v cover_v with_o black_a feather_n as_o be_v also_o the_o neck_n below_o but_o above_o with_o yellow_a the_o whole_a back_o breast_n and_o low_a belly_n likewise_o with_o yellow_a the_o wing_n be_v black_a have_v in_o their_o middle_n some_o white_a feather_n which_o make_v white_a spot_n in_o each_o wing_n one_o at_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v a_o black_a spot_n cross_v the_o back_n the_o tail_n be_v also_o black_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n dusky_a it_o be_v a_o elegant_a bird_n for_o the_o length_n of_o the_o tail_n and_o colour_n of_o the_o feather_n not_o much_o different_a we_o have_v subjoin_v this_o to_o the_o wagtail_n although_o marggrave_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o its_o feed_n or_o the_o place_n it_o frequent_v or_o whether_o it_o move_v its_o tail_n or_o not_o chap._n xix_o *_o the_o brasilian_n guira_n guacuberaba_fw-la of_o marggrave_n be_v a_o bird_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o goldfinch_n the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o back_n and_o end_n of_o the_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o yellow_a or_o gold_n colour_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o head_n and_o neck_n the_o fore-half_a of_o the_o back_n the_o wing_n and_o tail_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a green_a in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v some_o dusky_a feather_n intermix_v under_o the_o throat_n up_o to_o the_o eye_n it_o have_v a_o great_a black_a spot_n it_o have_v a_o straight_a sharp_a yellow_a bill_n a_o little_a black_a on_o the_o upper_a part_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n chap._n xx._n *_o the_o brasilian_n guira_n coereba_fw-la of_o marggrave_n be_v a_o bird_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o chaffinch_n it_o have_v a_o black_a bill_n three_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n long_o sharp_a and_o a_o little_a bend_n downward_o black_a eye_n a_o tongue_n slit_v into_o many_o filament_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n a_o cop_z or_o tuft_n of_o sea-green_a feather_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o head_n the_o throat_n and_o all_o the_o low_a neck_n the_o breast_n and_o whole_a belly_n with_o the_o hinder_a half_o of_o the_o back_o be_v cover_v with_o blue_a but_o pale_a feather_n and_o from_o the_o breast_n through_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o wing_n to_o the_o back_n where_o the_o blue_a colour_n begin_v pass_v a_o broad_a blue_a line_n cross_v through_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o wing_n all_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o neck_n with_o the_o fore-half_a of_o the_o back_n be_v cover_v with_o fine_a velvet_n feather_n of_o a_o deep_a black_a the_o tail_n be_v a_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a and_o black_a the_o wing_n be_v great_a and_o yellow_a about_o the_o middle_n but_o the_o yellow_a part_n be_v cover_v and_o can_v be_v see_v when_o the_o wing_n be_v close_v and_o the_o bird_n sit_v still_o but_o when_o she_o fly_v the_o wing_n appear_v elegant_o streak_v with_o black_a and_o yellow_a within_o side_n the_o wing_n be_v almost_o whole_o yellow_a the_o upper_a leg_n or_o thigh_n be_v feather_v with_o black_a and_o in_o a_o manner_n blue_a feather_n the_o low_a be_v naked_a and_o of_o a_o vermilion_a colour_n together_o with_o the_o foot_n the_o claw_n black_a the_o foot_n have_v four_o toe_n dispose_v after_o the_o usual_a manner_n chap._n xxi_o *_o the_o brasilian_n japacani_n of_o marggrave_n be_v a_o bird_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o bemtere_a or_o schanepue_n have_v a_o black_a oblong_a sharp-pointed_a bill_n bend_v a_o little_a downward_o golden_a eye_n with_o a_o black_a pupil_n the_o head_n be_v cover_v with_o black_a feather_n the_o neck_n above_o the_o back_n and_o wing_n with_o feather_n of_o a_o colour_n mix_v of_o black_a and_o umber_n the_o tail_n above_o be_v black_a underneath_o spot_v with_o white_a the_o breast_n all_o the_o low_a belly_n and_o thigh_n have_v their_o plumage_n mix_v of_o white_a and_o yellow_a interweave_v with_o transverse_a black_a line_n or_o strike_v the_o leg_n be_v dusky_a four_o toe_n in_o each_o place_v after_o the_o usual_a manner_n furnish_v with_o sharp_a black_a claw_n chap._n xxii_o of_o titmouse_n de_fw-fr paris_n §._o i._o of_o titmouse_n in_o general_n titmouse_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o small_a bird_n that_o be_v find_v for_o the_o most_o part_n about_o tree_n and_o live_v chief_o upon_o infect_v which_o they_o find_v there_o turner_n write_v that_o they_o feed_v not_o only_o upon_o worm_n but_o also_o hempseed_n and_o nut_n which_o they_o perforate_v with_o their_o sharp_a bill_n some_o of_o these_o build_v in_o hole_n of_o tree_n other_o make_v nest_n of_o a_o oval_a figure_n with_o a_o hole_n leave_v open_a in_o the_o side_n to_o go_v in_o and_o out_o at_o they_o be_v restless_a bird_n never_o sit_v long_o still_o in_o a_o place_n but_o flit_a from_o bough_n to_o bough_n and_o from_o tree_n to_o tree_n they_o have_v short_a bill_n but_o big_a for_o the_o bulk_n of_o their_o body_n than_o the_o precedent_n small_a bird_n small_a body_n and_o long_a tail_n the_o most_o of_o they_o be_v canorous_a but_o all_o of_o they_o multiparous_a lay_v many_o egg_n ere_o they_o sit_v titmouse_n be_v call_v by_o aristotle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o german_n as_o well_o as_o we_o english_a call_v they_o mouse_n either_o because_o like_a mouse_n they_o creep_v into_o the_o hole_n of_o tree_n or_o because_o as_o gesner_n write_v they_o will_v feed_v upon_o flaid_a mouse_n offer_v they_o which_o to_o we_o seem_v not_o likely_a of_o these_o we_o have_v observe_v in_o england_n five_o kind_n viz._n 1._o the_o great_a titmouse_n or_o oxe-eye_n 2._o the_o colemouse_n 3._o the_o marsh-titmouse_n or_o black-cap_n 4._o the_o blue_a titmouse_n or_o nun._n 5._o the_o long-tail'd-titmouse_n the_o crest_a titmouse_n and_o wood_n titmouse_n of_o gesner_n we_o have_v not_o yet_o find_v in_o england_n §._o ii_o the_o great_a titmouse_n or_o ox-eye_n fringillago_n seu_fw-la parus_fw-la major_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o aristotle_n it_o be_v well_o nigh_o as_o big_a as_o a_o chaffinch_n of_o scarce_o a_o ounce_n weight_n from_o tip_n of_o bill_n to_o end_v of_o tail_n half_a a_o foot_n long_o from_o tip_n to_o tip_v of_o the_o wing_n expanded_a nine_o inch_n broad_a it_o be_v bill_n be_v straight_o black_a half_o a_o inch_n long_o and_o of_o a_o moderate_a thickness_n both_o mandible_n of_o equal_a length_n the_o tongue_n broad_a end_v in_o four_o filament_n the_o foot_n of_o a_o lead_n or_o blue_a colour_n the_o outmost_a toe_n below_o for_o some_o space_n join_v to_o the_o middlemost_a the_o head_n and_o chin_n be_v black_a from_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o mouth_n on_o each_o side_n below_o the_o eye_n a_o broad_a white_a line_n or_o spot_n pass_v backward_o take_v up_o the_o cheek_n this_o white_a be_v encompass_v with_o black_a in_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v another_o white_a spot_n terminate_v on_o one_o side_n with_o the_o black_a of_o the_o head_n on_o the_o other_o with_o the_o yellow_a of_o the_o neck_n in_o the_o bird_n that_o i_o j._n r._n describe_v i_o observe_v not_o this_o spot_n and_o perchance_o in_o several_a bird_n the_o colour_n may_v vary_v somewhat_o the_o neck_n shoulder_n and_o middle_a of_o the_o back_o be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a green_a the_o rump_n be_v blue_a the_o breast_n belly_n and_o thigh_n be_v yellow_a yet_o the_o low_a or_o hindmost_a part_n of_o the_o belly_n white_a a_o broad_a black_a line_n reach_v from_o the_o throat_n to_o the_o vent_n divide_v the_o breast_n and_o belly_n in_o twain_o the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n in_o number_n eighteen_o beside_o the_o outmost_a little_a one_o be_v dusky_a with_o white_a tip_n or_o tip_v partly_o white_a partly_o blue_a the_o outer_a edge_n of_o those_o three_o next_o the_o body_n be_v green_a of_o the_o covert_a feather_n of_o the_o first_o row_n those_o that_o be_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o wing_n with_o their_o white_a tip_n make_v a_o transverse_a white_a line_n the_o small_a covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v blue_a the_o tail_n be_v about_o two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a compound_v of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o exterior_a vane_n of_o all_o which_o except_o the_o outmost_a be_v blue_a or_o ash-coloured_a the_o interior_a black_a the_o outmost_a have_v their_o exterior_a vane_n and_o their_o tip_n white_a the_o tail_n appear_v not_o fork_v no_o not_o when_o it_o be_v close_v §._o iii_o *_o the_o brasilian_n guiraienoia_n akin_a to_o the_o
fringillago_n this_o small_a bird_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o chaffinch_n have_v a_o bill_n scarce_o half_a a_o inch_n long_o and_o blackish_a black_a eye_n the_o whole_a head_n low_a side_n of_o the_o neck_n breast_n and_o low_a belly_n and_o utmost_a half_n of_o the_o back_o be_v clothe_v with_o blue_a feather_n the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o fore-half_a of_o the_o back_o be_v cover_v with_o black_a the_o wing_n also_o be_v black_a but_o in_o their_o beginning_n have_v some_o blue_a feather_n intersperse_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v black_a yet_o have_v blue_a edge_n the_o tail_n be_v almost_o a_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a and_o also_o black_a and_o the_o wing_n end_v a_o little_a beyond_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o tail_n the_o leg_n be_v dusky_a and_o each_o foot_n have_v four_o toe_n place_v after_o the_o usual_a manner_n §._o iv._o the_o cole-mouse_n parus_n after_o gesneri_fw-la pag._n 616._o the_o head_n be_v by_o gesner_n right_o describe_v to_o be_v black_a with_o a_o white_a spot_n in_o the_o hinder_a part_n the_o back_n be_v of_o a_o greenish_a ash-colour_n the_o rump_n green_a the_o wing_n and_o tail_n dusky_a the_o exterior_a edge_n of_o the_o prime_a wing-feather_n green_a the_o interior_a covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n have_v white_a tip_n the_o tail_n when_o shut_v appear_v something_o fork_v from_o dusky_a incline_n to_o green_a the_o bill_n be_v straight_o round_o black_a the_o leg_n foot_n and_o claw_n bluish_a or_o of_o a_o lead-colour_n this_o be_v the_o least_o of_o all_o this_o kind_n by_o its_o smallness_n be_v other_o note_n want_v it_o be_v abundant_o distinguish_v from_o the_o great_a titmouse_n it_o weigh_v two_o drachm_n be_v from_o bill-point_n to_o tail-end_n four_o inch_n three_o quarter_n long_o and_o between_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v seven_o inch_n broad_a the_o number_n of_o quil-feather_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v eighteen_o the_o tail_n be_v a_o inch_n and_o three_o quarter_n long_o and_o compose_v of_o twelve_o feather_n §._o v._o the_o marsh_n titmouse_n or_o black-cap_n parus_n palustris_fw-la gesneri_fw-la the_o head_n of_o this_o be_v black_a the_o cheek_n white_a the_o back_o greenish_a the_o foot_n of_o a_o lead-colour_n it_o differ_v from_o that_o next_o above_o describe_v 1._o in_o that_o it_o be_v big_a 2._o that_o it_o have_v a_o large_a tail_n 3._o that_o it_o want_v the_o white_a spot_n on_o the_o back_n of_o the_o head_n 4._o that_o it_o be_v under_o side_n be_v white_a 5._o that_o it_o have_v less_o black_a under_o the_o chin._n 6._o that_o it_o want_v those_o white_a spot_n in_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n it_o weigh_v more_o than_o three_o drachm_n from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o claw_n it_o be_v by_o measure_n four_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a the_o distance_n between_o the_o extreme_a tip_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v be_v eight_o inch_n the_o number_n of_o wing_n and_o tail-feather_n be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o other_o small_a bird_n the_o tail_n be_v more_o than_o two_o inch_n long_o compose_v of_o feather_n of_o equal_a length_n gesner_n make_v the_o back_n of_o this_o bird_n dusky_a incline_v to_o cinereous_a §._o vi_o the_o blue_a titmouse_n or_o nun_n parus_n caeruleus_fw-la the_o bill_n of_o this_o bird_n be_v pretty_a short_a thick_a sharp_a and_o of_o a_o dusky_a blackish_a colour_n the_o tongue_n broad_a end_v in_o four_o filament_n the_o leg_n of_o a_o lead-colour_n the_o outmost_a toe_n at_o bottom_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o middle_a one_o the_o head_n be_v of_o a_o azure_a colour_n be_v encompass_v with_o a_o circle_n of_o white_a as_o it_o be_v a_o wreath_n or_o coronet_n to_o the_o white_a circle_n succeed_v another_o particoloured_a encompass_v the_o throat_n and_o hinder_v part_n of_o the_o head_n above_o be_v almost_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o head_n towards_o the_o throat_n and_o under_o the_o throat_n black_a below_o this_o circle_n on_o the_o neck_n be_v a_o white_a spot_n from_o the_o bill_n a_o black_a line_n pass_v through_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n the_o cheek_n be_v white_a the_o back_n be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a green_a the_o side_n breast_n and_o belly_n yellow_a save_v that_o a_o whitish_a line_n produce_v as_o far_o as_o the_o vent_n divide_v the_o breast_n in_o two_o in_o the_o cock-bird_n the_o head_n be_v more_o blue_a in_o the_o hen_n and_o young_a one_o less_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o quil-feather_n next_o the_o body_n be_v white_a as_o also_o the_o outer_a edge_n of_o the_o foremost_a from_o the_o middle_a part_n upward_o the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v blue_a the_o innermost_a of_o which_o with_o their_o white_a tip_n make_v a_o white_a line_n across_o the_o wing_n the_o tail_n be_v two_o inch_n long_o of_o a_o blue_a colour_n only_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o outmost_a feather_n be_v a_o little_a white_a it_o be_v weight_n be_v three_o drachm_n its_o length_n from_o bill-point_n to_o tail-end_n four_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a to_o the_o claw_n four_o its_o breadth_n the_o wing_n extend_v eight_o inch_n the_o quil-feather_n in_o each_o wing_n eighteen_o beside_o the_o outmost_a short_a one_o the_o tail-feather_n twelve_o §._o vii_o the_o crest_a titmouse_n parus_n cristatus_fw-la aldrov_n this_o have_v a_o pretty_a short_a big_a bill_n of_o a_o blackish_a colour_n it_o be_v tongue_n be_v broad_a and_o divide_v into_o four_o filament_n its_o foot_n of_o a_o lead-colour_n the_o outer_a toe_n for_o some_o space_n from_o their_o divarication_n join_v to_o the_o middle_a one_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n black_a the_o edge_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v white_a at_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n begin_v a_o black_a line_n which_o like_o a_o wreath_n or_o collar_n encompass_n the_o neck_n from_o the_o low_a mandible_a of_o the_o bill_n to_o this_o collar_n be_v a_o black_a line_n produce_v to_o the_o collar_n and_o chin_n be_v another_o bed_n or_o border_n of_o white_a contiguous_a but_o beyond_o the_o ear_n be_v a_o spot_n of_o black_a the_o middle_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v white_a the_o side_n something_a red_a the_o wing_n and_o tail_n be_v dusky_a only_o the_o exterior_a edge_n of_o the_o feather_n somewhat_o green_a the_o back_n from_o red_a incline_n to_o green_a it_o weigh_v two_o drachm_n and_o a_o half_a be_v from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n five_o inch_n long_o from_o tip_n to_o tip_v of_o the_o wing_n extend_v eight_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n broad_a the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v eighteen_o in_o number_n the_o tail-feather_n twelve_o the_o tail_n two_o inch_n long_o the_o bill_n from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o mouth_n half_o a_o inch_n §._o viii_o the_o long-tailed_a titmouse_n parus_n caudatus_fw-la the_o crown_n of_o this_o bird_n be_v white_a the_o neck_n black_a from_o the_o bill_n above_o the_o eye_n on_o each_o side_n to_o the_o hinder-part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v a_o broad_a black_a line_n produce_v the_o jaw_n and_o throat_n be_v white_a the_o breast_n white_a vary_v with_o small_a dusky_a spot_n the_o belly_n and_o side_n of_o a_o dilute_a chesnut_n colour_n of_o which_o but_o mix_v with_o black_a both_o the_o back_n and_o also_o the_o rump_n partake_v the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o obscure_a dusky_a colour_n the_o outer_a edge_n of_o the_o interior_a of_o these_o be_v white_a the_o singular_a structure_n or_o conformation_n of_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o tail_n difference_n this_o bird_n from_o all_o other_o small_a bird_n of_o what_o kind_n soever_o for_o the_o outmost_a feather_n be_v the_o short_a the_o rest_n in_o order_n long_o to_o the_o middlemost_a which_o be_v the_o long_a and_o that_o by_o a_o notable_a difference_n or_o excess_n as_o in_o the_o magpie_n of_o the_o outmost_a feather_n on_o each_o side_n the_o top_n and_o outer_a 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frequent_v garden_n rather_o than_o mountainous_a place_n it_o build_v like_o the_o wren_n or_o more_o artificial_o make_v a_o arch_n over_o the_o nest_n of_o the_o same_o matter_n and_o contexture_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nest_n so_o that_o the_o nest_n resemble_v a_o egg_n erect_v upon_o one_o end_n a_o small_a hole_n be_v leave_v in_o the_o side_n whereat_o the_o bird_n go_v in_o and_o out_o by_o this_o mean_v both_o egg_n and_o young_a be_v secure_v from_o all_o injury_n of_o the_o air_n wind_n rain_n cold_a etc._n etc._n and_o that_o they_o may_v lie_v soft_a she_o line_n the_o nest_n within_o with_o store_n of_o feather_n and_o down_o without_o she_o build_v the_o side_n and_o roof_n of_o it_o of_o moss_n and_o wool_n curious_o interweave_v aldrovand_n in_o the_o seventeen_o book_n and_o sixteen_o chapter_n of_o his_o ornithology_n do_v accurate_o describe_v the_o nest_n of_o this_o bird_n such_o as_o we_o have_v more_o than_o once_o see_v in_o these_o word_n it_o be_v 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from_o the_o wood_n in_o which_o it_o live_v especial_o about_o fir-tree_n and_o juniper_n call_v it_o waldmeiszle_n and_o thannenmeiszle_v other_o from_o its_o note_n zilzilperle_n for_o it_o sing_v zul_a zil_v zalp_n mr._n willughby_n be_v apt_a to_o think_v that_o the_o bird_n describe_v by_o gesner_n be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o regulus_n cristatus_fw-la chap._n xxiii_o §._o i._o *_o the_o brasilian_n tangara_n of_o marggrave_n it_o be_v a_o elegant_a bird_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o chaffinch_n it_o have_v a_o straight_a pretty_a thick_a black_a bill_n black_a eye_n leg_n and_o foot_n from_o cinereous_a incline_n to_o dusky_a on_o the_o forehead_n above_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o bill_n it_o have_v a_o spot_n of_o black_a feather_n the_o whole_a head_n and_o neck_n be_v cover_v with_o feather_n of_o a_o shine_a sea-green_a a_o circle_n or_o border_n of_o black_a feather_n encompasles_a the_o begin_n of_o the_o back_n like_o a_o collar_n but_o wing_n below_o the_o wing_n to_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o tail_n the_o back_n be_v cover_v with_o yellow_a feather_n the_o whole_a low_a belly_n be_v of_o a_o rare_a blue_a the_o wing_n be_v black_a and_o their_o lateral_a extremity_n blue_a so_o that_o when_o close_v they_o appear_v whole_o blue_a and_o their_o whole_a end_n outside_n or_o border_n tota_fw-la extremitas_fw-la seem_v black_a the_o beginning_n of_o the_o wing_n also_o outside_n external_o shine_v with_o sea-green_a feather_n and_o in_o the_o ridge_n or_o upper_a lateral_a extremity_n of_o each_o wing_n be_v yellow_a feather_n intermix_v it_o have_v a_o tail_n about_o a_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a of_o black_a feather_n but_o who_o lateral_a extremity_n or_o border_n be_v blue_a the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v black_a it_o be_v keep_v shut_v up_o in_o cage_n and_o cry_n zip_n zip_n like_o the_o rubrica_fw-la call_v by_o the_o german_n gympel_v it_o be_v feed_v with_o meal_n and_o bread_n this_o description_n be_v conceive_v in_o such_o obscure_a word_n that_o i_o do_v not_o well_o understand_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o author_n and_o therefore_o the_o learned_a reader_n will_v do_v well_o to_o consult_v the_o latin_a §._o ii_o the_o second_o kind_n of_o tangara_n it_o be_v of_o the_o shape_n and_o bigness_n of_o our_o common_a sparrow_n have_v a_o bill_n from_o yellow_a yellow_a incline_n to_o dusky_a somewhat_o broad_a sharp-pointed_a the_o nether_a chap_n much_o short_a than_o the_o upper_a black_a eye_n the_o whole_a head_n be_v cover_v with_o feather_n of_o a_o rare_a lead_n scarlet_a colour_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n with_o the_o wing_n and_o tail_n of_o a_o shine_a black_a the_o thigh_n be_v cover_v with_o white_a feather_n and_o in_o their_o exterior_a side_n have_v a_o oblong_v scarlet_a spot_n as_o if_o they_o be_v stain_v with_o blood_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v ash-coloured_a and_o have_v four_o toe_n dispose_v after_o the_o usual_a manner_n the_o tail_n be_v short_a of_o a_o inch_n length_n and_o the_o wing_n end_v near_o its_o rise_n i._n e._n when_o withdraw_v or_o close_v reach_v no_o further_o than_o the_o rise_v of_o the_o tail_n book_n ii_o part_n ii_o sect_n ii_o memb._n ii_o small_a bird_n with_o thick_a short_a strong_a bill_n common_o call_v hard-billed_a bird_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o gros-beak_n or_o haw-finch_n call_v by_o gesner_n coccothraustes_n §._o 1._o the_o common_a gros-beak_n coccothraustes_n vulgaris_fw-la this_o bird_n for_o the_o bigness_n of_o its_o body_n but_o especial_o of_o its_o bill_n in_o which_o it_o exceed_v all_o other_o of_o this_o kind_n do_v just_o challenge_v the_o first_o and_o chief_a place_n among_o thick-billed_n bird_n the_o french_a from_o the_o bigness_n of_o its_o bill_n do_v fit_o call_v it_o grosbec_n the_o italian_n frisone_n or_o frosone_n hesychius_n and_o varinus_n of_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d write_v only_o that_o it_o be_v the_o name_n of_o a_o bird_n but_o what_o manner_n of_o bird_n they_o do_v not_o explain_v gesner_n observe_v that_o name_n exact_o to_o fit_v this_o bird_n impose_v it_o upon_o it_o it_o be_v big_a than_o a_o chaffinch_n by_o about_o one_o three_o part_n short-bodied_n its_o head_n big_a than_o for_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o body_n it_o be_v bill_n very_o great_a hard_a from_o a_o broad_a base_a end_n in_o a_o sharp_a point_n of_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o cone_n or_o funnel_n half_o a_o inch_n long_o have_v a_o large_a cavity_n within_o of_o a_o whitish_a flesh-colour_n almost_o like_o that_o of_o the_o interior_a surface_n of_o the_o mother_n of_o pearl_n shell_n only_o the_o tip_n blackish_a the_o eye_n be_v grey_a or_o ash-coloured_a as_o in_o jackdaw_n the_o tongue_n seem_v as_o it_o be_v cut_v off_o as_o in_o the_o chaffinch_n the_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a red_a the_o claw_n great_a especial_o those_o of_o the_o middle_n and_o back-toe_n the_o middle_a toe_n be_v the_o long_a the_o outer_a fore-toe_n and_o the_o back-toe_n be_v equal_a one_o to_o the_o other_o at_o the_o base_a of_o the_o bill_n grow_v orange-coloured_n feather_n between_o the_o bill_n and_o the_o eye_n black_a the_o low_a chap_n in_o the_o male_n be_v compass_v with_o a_o border_n of_o black_a feather_n the_o head_n be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a red_a or_o rusty_a colour_n the_o neck_n cinereous_a the_o back_o red_a the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v whitish_a the_o rump_n from_o yellow_a incline_v to_o cinereous_a the_o side_n and_o breast_n but_o especial_o the_o side_n be_v of_o a_o mix_a colour_n of_o red_a and_o cinereous_a under_o the_o tail_n and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o belly_n the_o plumage_n be_v white_a in_o another_o bird_n the_o back_n be_v of_o a_o grey_a or_o ash-colour_n tincture_v with_o red_a the_o head_n and_o throat_n greenish_a the_o side_n and_o
pale_a red_a no_o other_o colour_n intercede_v the_o eye_n and_o bill_n for_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o body_n be_v great_a and_o this_o last_o whitish_a the_o tail_n be_v fork_v the_o foot_n yellowish_a adorn_v with_o transverse_a line_n almost_o of_o a_o flesh-colour_n the_o claw_n black_a pretty_a long_a and_o sharp_a §._o vii_o *_o the_o ring-sparrow_n of_o bellonius_fw-la and_o the_o small_a sparrow_n live_v about_o walnut-tree_n of_o the_o same_o author_n the_o first_o of_o these_o differ_v from_o the_o common_a sparrow_n as_o well_o in_o that_o it_o be_v of_o a_o diverse_a colour_n as_o because_o the_o spot_n which_o in_o that_o be_v black_a in_o this_o be_v yellow_a he_o call_v it_o ring_v torquatus_n because_o a_o white_a ring_n or_o wreath_n encompass_n the_o eye_n under_o the_o eyebrow_n moreover_o it_o be_v more_o cinereous_a than_o the_o common_a sparrow_n have_v a_o great_a voice_n and_o exceed_v it_o in_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o body_n and_o bill_n it_o abide_v in_o wood_n build_v in_o the_o hollow_n of_o tree_n the_o other_o call_v friguet_n by_o the_o french_a be_v least_o of_o all_o have_v a_o very_a short_a thick_a black_a bill_n its_o foot_n leg_n head_n and_o wing_n like_o those_o of_o the_o wall-sparrow_n it_o build_v in_o tree_n §._o viii_o *_o the_o tail_v purple_a and_o black_a indian_a sparrow_n of_o aldrov_n book_n 15._o chap._n 28._o it_o have_v a_o tail_n five_o inch_n long_o make_v up_o of_o ten_o very_a black_a feather_n the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v also_o coalblack_a the_o head_n neck_n and_o rump_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a purple_a colour_n yet_o the_o root_n or_o bottom_n of_o the_o feather_n yellow_a the_o bill_n be_v pretty_a thick_a somewhat_o hook_v and_o sharp_a something_o resemble_v that_o of_o the_o butcher-bird_n black_a above_o beneath_o where_o it_o grow_v to_o the_o head_n white_a the_o colour_n of_o the_o leg_n i_o know_v not_o for_o they_o be_v want_v in_o the_o case_n communicate_v to_o i_o but_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o it_o have_v black_a one_o §._o ix_o *_o the_o tijepiranga_n of_o brasil_n or_o american_n sparrow_n marggrave_n it_o be_v a_o little_o big_a than_o a_o lark_n and_o sing_v like_o our_o common_a sparrow_n it_o be_v whole_a body_n neck_n and_o head_n be_v of_o a_o delicate_a red_a or_o sanguine_a colour_n but_o the_o wing_n and_o tail_n of_o a_o shine_a black_a save_v that_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o wing_n there_o be_v something_o of_o red_a mix_v therewith_o the_o leg_n be_v black_a below_o the_o knee_n bare_a of_o feather_n above_o cover_v with_o black_a feather_n the_o bill_n like_o a_o sparrow_n the_o upper_a chap_n black_a the_o nether_a black_a also_o towards_o the_o point_n but_o white_a towards_o the_o head_n the_o feather_n on_o the_o head_n black_a which_o she_o be_v sometime_o wont_a to_o ruffle_v up_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o sparrow_n all_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v black_a within_o red_a without_o yet_o so_o complicate_v that_o outward_o they_o appear_v whole_o red_a the_o tail_n be_v almost_o three_o inch_n long_o each_o foot_n have_v four_o toe_n and_o so_o dispose_v as_o in_o most_o other_o bird_n there_o be_v find_v another_o sort_n of_o this_o bird_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o sparrow_n who_o whole_a body_n be_v cover_v with_o bluish_a ash-coloured_a feather_n but_o the_o wing_n approach_v something_o to_o a_o sea-green_a in_o the_o belly_n and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n or_o throat_n it_o be_v white_a or_o rather_o of_o a_o shine_a silver_n colour_n the_o leg_n be_v ash-coloured_a as_o be_v also_o the_o bill_n which_o be_v like_o a_o chaffinche_n each_o foot_n divide_v into_o four_o toe_n and_o those_o situate_v as_o be_v usual_a in_o bird_n §._o x._o *_o the_o long-tailed_a indian_a sparrow_n with_o a_o scarlet_a bill_n of_o aldrovand_n it_o be_v of_o equal_a bigness_n to_o our_o house-sparrow_n if_o you_o except_o the_o long_a feather_n of_o the_o tail_n it_o have_v a_o short_a thick_a bill_n of_o a_o scarlet_a colour_n it_o be_v head_n be_v flat_a elevate_v near_o the_o neck_n blackish_a with_o a_o mixture_n of_o a_o greenish_a colour_n incline_v to_o blue_a which_o also_o be_v see_v run_v downward_o through_o the_o back_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o wing_n the_o wing_n be_v of_o three_o colour_n chief_o first_o that_o now_o mention_v second_o a_o white_a as_o appear_v in_o the_o figure_n three_o a_o black_a to_o which_o succeed_v four_a a_o yellowish_a colour_n next_o which_o be_v the_o quil-feather_n again_o black_a but_o cinereous_a within_o the_o throat_n low_a side_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v white_a the_o tail_n be_v double_a as_o in_o the_o peacock_n and_o also_o of_o two_o colour_n the_o lesser_a which_o sustain_v the_o great_a be_v as_o it_o be_v its_o prop_n be_v white_a the_o great_a consist_v of_o four_o very_a narrow_a feather_n of_o nine_o inch_n long_o be_v of_o a_o deep_a black_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v spot_v of_o black_a and_o white_a the_o talon_n black_a and_o as_o in_o bird_n of_o prey_n very_o sharp_a and_o hook_a §._o xi_o *_o another_o indian_a long-tailed_a sparrow_n of_o aldrovand_n book_n 15._o chap._n 23._o this_o be_v a_o exceed_a beautiful_a bird_n even_o fair_a than_o the_o former_a of_o the_o same_o bigness_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v blue_a its_o head_n also_o as_o in_o that_o flat_a but_o more_o elevate_v in_o the_o neck_n all_o black_a its_o eye_n also_o black_a encompass_v with_o a_o white_a circle_n and_o have_v a_o yellow_a iris_n its_o neck_n and_o breast_n be_v of_o a_o scarlet_a colour_n its_o belly_n and_o thigh_n white_a its_o wing_n back_o and_o tail_n black_a but_o a_o certain_a paleness_n be_v mingle_v with_o the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n the_o long_a feather_n of_o the_o tail_n which_o be_v two_o exceed_a long_a one_o viz._n five_o palm_n and_o very_o broad_a and_o a_o three_o first_o also_o broad_a but_o end_v in_o very_o slender_a filament_n 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yet_o its_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v white_a than_o the_o other_o part_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a yellow_a §._o fourteen_o *_o the_o rumpless_a black_a and_o red_a indian_a sparrow_n of_o aldrovand_n the_o whole_a body_n both_o above_o and_o underneath_o as_o also_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o most_o lovely_a shine_a scarlet_a colour_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v black_a but_o yet_o if_o their_o feather_n be_v spread_v out_o something_o of_o white_a appear_v in_o their_o side_n the_o foot_n also_o be_v black_a moreover_o it_o have_v along_o the_o back_n two_o oblong_v black_a spot_n almost_o contiguous_a the_o bill_n for_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o body_n small_a for_o it_o be_v a_o thick-bodied_n bird_n for_o its_o bigness_n and_o less_o also_o than_o in_o the_o common_a sparrow_n white_a where_o it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o head_n else_o black_a sharp_a and_o slender_a it_o altogether_o want_v a_o rump_n §._o xv._n *_o the_o rumpless_a blue_a red_z and_o black_a indian_a sparrow_n of_o aldrovand_n this_o bird_n be_v long_a than_o the_o former_a but_o less_o corpulent_a and_o of_o three_o colour_n especial_o viz._n red_a blue_a and_o black_a the_o head_n neck_n and_o breast_n and_o all_o the_o low_a part_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a red_a colour_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v two_o large_a contiguous_a spot_n of_o a_o semilunar_a figure_n and_o scarlet_a colour_n the_o wing_n be_v very_o long_o black_a and_o blue_a about_o the_o side_n the_o leg_n short_a and_o black_a the_o bill_n a_o little_a crooked_a black_a but_o white_a near_o the_o forehead_n all_o these_o indian_a sparrow_n be_v to_o we_o unknown_a aldrovandus_n also_o himself_o see_v only_o the_o picture_n of_o they_o not_o the_o
be_v dusky_a four_o toe_n in_o each_o place_v after_o the_o usual_a manner_n it_o have_v black_a eye_n chap._n ix_o *_o the_o brasilian_n guiraperea_n of_o marggrave_n this_o be_v also_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o lark_n have_v a_o short_a thick_a black_a bill_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o head_n and_o neck_n the_o whole_a back_o and_o low_a belly_n have_v feather_n of_o a_o dark_a yellow_a colour_n like_o yellow_a wax_n the_o low_a side_n of_o the_o head_n and_o neck_n the_o throat_n and_o breast_n black_a one_o of_o which_o colour_n there_o be_v also_o a_o few_o in_o the_o belly_n intermingle_v with_o the_o yellow_a the_o tail_n be_v two_o inch_n long_o and_o reach_v further_a than_o the_o wing_n both_o tail_n and_o wing_n be_v make_v up_o of_o dusky_a and_o blackish_a feather_n every_o one_o of_o which_o have_v its_o side-edge_n of_o a_o sea-green_a so_o that_o the_o wing_n appear_v brown_a streak_v with_o green_a and_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o tail_n the_o thigh_n be_v of_o a_o wax-colour_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n of_o a_o dark_a grey_a or_o ash-colour_n it_o have_v four_o toe_n dispose_v according_a to_o the_o usual_a manner_n arm_v with_o black_a claw_n chap._n x._o §._o i._o the_o goldfinch_n or_o thistle-finch_n carduelis_fw-la this_o bird_n in_o the_o opinion_n of_o aldrovandus_n and_o bellonius_fw-la be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o aristotle_n by_o the_o late_a greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v less_o than_o the_o house-sparrow_n of_o a_o ounce_n and_o half_a weight_n five_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a length_n from_o bill-point_n to_o tail_n end_n nine_o and_o a_o quarter_n breadth_n between_o the_o utmost_a tip_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v out_o it_o be_v head_n for_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o body_n be_v of_o the_o big_a its_o neck_n short_a bill_n white_a but_o in_o some_o bird_n black_a at_o the_o very_a point_n little_o more_o than_o half_a a_o inch_n long_o thick_a at_o the_o head_n end_v in_o a_o sharp_a point_n of_o a_o conical_a figure_n its_o tongue_n sharp_a eye_n hazel-coloured_n a_o ring_n of_o scarlet-coloured_n feather_n encompass_n the_o basis_n of_o the_o bill_n from_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o bill_n on_o each_o side_n be_v draw_v a_o black_a line_n the_o jaw_n be_v white_a the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n black_a from_o which_o a_o broad_a black_a line_n produce_v on_o both_o side_n almost_o to_o the_o neck_n terminate_v the_o white_a the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v white_a the_o neck_n and_o forepart_n of_o the_o back_o be_v of_o a_o fulvous_a or_o red_a ash-colour_n the_o rump_n breast_n and_o side_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n but_o pale_a the_o belly_n white_a the_o wing_n and_o tail_n black_a yet_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o principal_a feather_n in_o both_o be_v white_a beside_o the_o wing_n be_v adorn_v with_o a_o most_o beautiful_a transverse_a stroke_n of_o yellow_a if_o you_o exact_o view_v each_o quil-feather_n you_o will_v find_v the_o first_o or_o outmost_a whole_o black_a all_o the_o rest_n tip_v with_o white_a and_o beside_o the_o low_a half_o of_o the_o outward_a web_n of_o every_o feather_n from_o the_o second_o to_o the_o eleven_o inclusive_o of_o a_o elegant_a yellow_a which_o together_o make_v that_o yellow_a bed_n across_o the_o wing_n we_o now_o mention_v whence_o this_o bird_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o interior_a covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v also_o yellow_a the_o tail_n be_v two_o inch_n long_o compose_v of_o twelve_o black_a feather_n of_o which_o the_o two_o outmost_a have_v a_o great_a white_a spot_n on_o their_o tip_n the_o next_o a_o lesser_a the_o three_o none_o the_o four_o again_o a_o little_a one_o and_o the_o five_o a_o great_a the_o leg_n be_v short_a the_o back_n toe_n strong_a arm_a with_o a_o claw_n long_o than_o the_o rest_n the_o low_a of_o the_o outer_a foretoe_n grow_v fast_o to_o that_o of_o the_o middle_a toe_n the_o blind_a gut_n as_o in_o other_o small_a bird_n be_v very_o short_a and_o little_a it_o have_v also_o a_o gallbladder_n the_o hen-bird_n have_v a_o small_a note_n than_o the_o cock_n and_o sing_v not_o so_o much_o and_o the_o feather_n on_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v dusky_a or_o cinereous_a whereas_o in_o the_o cock_n they_o be_v coalblack_a and_o these_o say_v aldrovandus_n be_v constant_a and_o infallible_a mark_n by_o which_o the_o sex_n may_v be_v distinguish_v goldfinch_n be_v gregarious_a bird_n for_o the_o elegancy_n of_o their_o colour_n and_o sweetness_n of_o their_o sing_v every_o where_o well_o know_v and_o high_o esteem_v they_o be_v of_o a_o mild_a and_o gentle_a nature_n as_o may_v even_o thence_o appear_v that_o present_o after_o they_o be_v catch_v without_o use_v any_o art_n or_o care_n they_o will_v fall_v to_o their_o meat_n and_o drink_n nor_o be_v they_o so_o scare_v and_o affright_v at_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o man_n as_o to_o strike_v their_o bill_n and_o wing_n against_o the_o side_n of_o the_o cage_n as_o most_o other_o bird_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v nor_o be_v they_o very_o much_o trouble_v at_o their_o captivity_n and_o imprisonment_n in_o a_o cage_n nay_o if_o they_o have_v continue_v there_o a_o good_a while_n they_o like_v it_o so_o well_o that_o though_o you_o let_v they_o loose_v they_o will_v not_o fly_v away_o as_o say_v aldrovand_n i_o myself_o have_v observe_v to_o who_o i_o refer_v the_o reader_n they_o feed_v upon_o the_o seed_n of_o thistle_n in_o winter_n time_n from_o whence_o they_o take_v their_o name_n and_o not_o of_o thistle_n only_o but_o of_o teasel_n and_o hemp_n and_o dock_n and_o poppy_n as_o albertus_n tell_v we_o the_o goldfinch_n keep_v in_o a_o cage_n will_v with_o its_o bill_n draw_v up_o a_o little_a pot_n of_o water_n hang_v upon_o a_o string_n and_o put_v its_o foot_n sometime_o under_o the_o string_n when_o it_o can_v reach_v the_o pot_n will_v drink_v out_o of_o it_o and_o quench_v its_o thirst_n which_o other_o small_a bird_n also_o will_v learn_v to_o do_v beside_o that_o little_a thistle-finch_n say_v turner_n adorn_v with_o a_o golden_a fillet_n i_o know_v another_o spinivorous_a bird_n of_o a_o green_a colour_n which_o in_o like_a manner_n as_o the_o goldfinch_n out_o of_o two_o pot_n one_o go_v up_o the_o other_o mean_a time_n go_v down_o will_v take_v meat_n out_o of_o the_o one_o and_o drink_v out_o of_o the_o other_o the_o same_o do_v also_o the_o millet-bird_n which_o our_o country_n man_n call_v a_o linnet_n the_o same_o likewise_o will_v imitate_v any_o tune_n you_o whistle_n to_o it_o so_o than_o not_o only_o that_o bird_n which_o be_v in_o greek_a call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o latin_a by_o gaza_n render_v carduelis_fw-la will_v do_v what_o you_o bid_v it_o and_o use_v its_o bill_n and_o foot_n for_o a_o hand_n but_o many_o other_o also_o all_o which_o thing_n say_v aldrovandus_n daily_a experience_n prove_v to_o be_v most_o true_a it_o build_v its_o nest_n in_o thorn_n and_o tree_n gesner_n affirm_v that_o it_o lay_v seven_o egg_n bellonius_fw-la eight_o the_o difference_n be_v not_o great_a and_o it_o may_v lay_v sometime_o the_o one_o sometime_o the_o other_o number_n the_o goldfinch_n by_o reason_n of_o age_n sex_n or_o other_o accident_n vary_v sometime_o in_o its_o colour_n aldrovandus_n set_v forth_o four_o variety_n 1._o one_o not_o full_o grow_v which_o have_v no_o red_a at_o all_o on_o its_o head_n 2._o one_o with_o white_a eyelid_n 3._o a_o white_a one_o with_o a_o red_a head_n 4._o a_o whitish_a one_o which_o yet_o on_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o head_n and_o under_o the_o chin_n have_v something_o of_o red_a beside_o which_o he_o describe_v also_o a_o bird_n of_o kin_n to_o the_o goldfinch_n which_o perchance_o be_v a_o bastard_n kind_a in_o these_o word_n in_o bulk_n of_o body_n it_o exceed_v a_o goldfinch_n be_v equal_a to_o a_o chaffinch_n a_o circle_n of_o a_o lively_a goldfinch_n saffron_n colour_n encompass_n the_o bill_n its_o eye_n be_v like_o a_o goldfinch_n but_o big_a it_o be_v head_n except_o the_o saffron_n ring_v now_o mention_v and_o its_o back_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n viz._n blackish_a the_o breast_n be_v of_o a_o black_a green_a as_o be_v also_o the_o small_a feather_n cover_v the_o ridge_n of_o the_o wing_n who_o quil-feather_n be_v black_a and_o much_o more_o vary_a or_o distinguish_v with_o white_a than_o in_o other_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n that_o part_n which_o in_o other_o thistle-finches_a be_v yellow_a in_o this_o be_v of_o a_o pale_a colour_n the_o tail_n of_o as_o deep_a a_o black_a as_o in_o other_o but_o in_o the_o two_o outmost_a tail-feather_n on_o each_o side_n when_o extend_v appear_v something_o of_o white_a which_o
of_o a_o yellowish_a green_a the_o belly_n white_a the_o feather_n under_o the_o tail_n yellowish_a with_o oblong_a dusky_a spot_n in_o the_o middledown_a the_o shaft_n the_o feather_n also_o invest_v the_o side_n be_v spot_v in_o the_o middle_n with_o brown_a the_o hen_n be_v pale_a and_o more_o discolour_a her_o throat_n and_o side_n under_o her_o wing_n be_v white_a the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v spot_v with_o brown_a the_o head_n and_o back_o be_v of_o a_o greenish_a ash-colour_n with_o brown_a spot_n in_o the_o middle_n the_o throat_n and_o breast_n have_v less_o of_o green_a the_o wing_n be_v cross_v by_o a_o broad_a line_n or_o bed_n of_o yellow_a the_o pinion-quill_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v all_o over_o dusky_a only_o the_o edge_n green_a of_o the_o nine_o follow_v the_o outer_a web_n be_v green_a the_o green_a part_n be_v widen_v by_o degree_n in_o every_o feather_n till_o in_o the_o last_o it_o take_v up_o half_a the_o length_n from_o the_o ten_o almost_o the_o low_a half_o of_o each_o feather_n be_v yellow_a the_o upper_a black_a the_o exterior_a covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v black_a the_o edge_n of_o the_o interior_a green_a the_o tail_n consist_v of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o two_o middlemost_a black_a the_o rest_n above_o half_a way_n of_o a_o most_o lovely_a yellow_a with_o black_a tip_n the_o uppermost_a tip_n of_o the_o feather_n as_o well_o in_o the_o wing_n as_o in_o the_o tail_n be_v grey_a the_o low_a mandible_a of_o the_o bill_n have_v a_o eminency_n or_o angle_n on_o each_o side_n receive_v in_o the_o upper_a the_o tongue_n be_v sharp_a horny_a at_o the_o tip_n and_o channel_v the_o eye_n hazel-coloured_n the_o outer_a and_o middle_a toe_n have_v the_o like_a cohesion_n at_o bottom_n as_o in_o other_o bird_n it_o be_v keep_v in_o cage_n for_o its_o sing_n it_o be_v common_a in_o germany_n and_o england_n at_o vienna_n in_o austria_n they_o call_v it_o seisel_n a_o name_n not_o much_o different_a from_o our_o english_a siskin_n in_o sussex_n it_o be_v know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o barley-bird_n so_o call_v because_o it_o come_v to_o they_o in_o barley-seed_n time_n all_o the_o winter_n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n it_o fly_v in_o flock_n its_o differ_v from_o the_o two_o follow_a bird_n 1._o in_o that_o it_o be_v a_o little_o big_a 2._o it_o have_v a_o long_a bill_n 3._o a_o black_a head_n 4._o a_o short_a tail_n more_o than_o half_a yellow_a 5._o a_o strike_v or_o bed_n of_o yellow_a across_o its_o wing_n aldrovandus_n write_v that_o it_o seldom_o or_o never_o appear_v in_o cold_a country_n as_o france_n and_o england_n as_o bellonius_fw-la and_o other_o report_n but_o we_o have_v by_o experience_n learn_v the_o contrary_n it_o be_v of_o a_o very_a mild_a nature_n and_o not_o at_o all_o crafty_a so_o that_o it_o be_v easy_o take_v by_o any_o kind_n of_o engine_n or_o deceit_n this_o bird_n be_v call_v by_o aristotle_n and_o the_o ancient_a greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o aldrovandus_n be_v of_o opinion_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d also_o be_v the_o name_n of_o a_o bird_n suppose_v to_o be_v this_o as_o well_o with_o the_o greek_n as_o with_o the_o latin_n chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o canary-bird_n out_o of_o gesner_n aldrovandus_n and_o olina_n canaria_n be_v a_o island_n of_o the_o atlantic_a sea_n on_o the_o left_a side_n of_o mauritania_n one_o of_o those_o which_o the_o ancient_n for_o the_o excellent_a temperature_n of_o the_o air_n call_v fortunate_a so_o denominate_v from_o the_o multitude_n of_o great_a mastive_a dog_n as_o pliny_n out_o of_o juba_n deliver_v all_o those_o island_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v fortunate_a be_v now_o adays_o call_v the_o canary_n out_o of_o which_o in_o our_o age_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v bring_v certain_a sing_a bird_n which_o from_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v breed_v they_o common_o call_v canary-bird_n other_o call_v they_o sugar-bird_n because_o the_o best_a sugar_n be_v bring_v thence_o 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the_o cock_n and_o hen-bird_n i_o have_v observe_v this_o difference_n that_o the_o breast_n belly_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o head_n adjoin_v to_o be_v bill_n be_v more_o yellow_a in_o the_o cock_n than_o in_o the_o hen._n this_o be_v common_a to_o both_o sex_n to_o be_v fleshy_a and_o not_o fat_a of_o its_o sing_v the_o same_o gesner_n have_v record_v as_o follow_v it_o have_v a_o very_a sweet_a and_o shrill_a note_n which_o at_o one_o breath_n continue_v for_o a_o long_a time_n without_o intermission_n it_o can_v draw_v out_o sometime_o in_o length_n sometime_o raise_v very_o high_a by_o a_o various_a and_o almost_o musical_a inflexion_n of_o its_o voice_n make_v very_o pleasant_a and_o artificial_a melody_n the_o sound_n it_o make_v be_v very_o sharp_a and_o so_o quaver_v that_o sometime_o when_o it_o stretch_v and_o exercise_n its_o little_a throat_n and_o chap_n whistle_v with_o all_o its_o force_n it_o vehement_o strike_v and_o even_o deafen_v the_o ear_n of_o the_o hearer_n with_o its_o shrilness_n many_o be_v delight_v with_o this_o kind_n of_o its_o sing_n many_o also_o be_v offend_v say_v that_o they_o be_v astonish_v and_o deafen_a by_o it_o it_o be_v sell_v every_o where_o very_o dear_a both_o for_o the_o sweetness_n of_o its_o sing_n and_o also_o because_o it_o be_v bring_v from_o far_o remote_a place_n with_o great_a care_n and_o diligence_n and_o but_o they_o rare_o so_o that_o it_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v keep_v only_o by_o noble_n and_o great_a man_n but_o if_o any_o one_o be_v take_v with_o the_o melody_n of_o these_o bird_n let_v he_o buy_v those_o which_o have_v long_a tail_n and_o small_a body_n for_o it_o be_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o by_o how_o much_o less_o they_o be_v by_o so_o much_o be_v they_o more_o canorous_a but_o the_o great_a one_o shut_v up_o in_o cage_n turn_v their_o head_n round_o about_o and_o backward_o and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v esteem_v genuine_a or_o right_o breed_v canary_n bird_n of_o this_o sort_n there_o be_v bring_v from_o the_o island_n palma_n and_o c._n verde_n which_o they_o call_v fool_n from_o that_o motion_n of_o their_o head_n which_o be_v proper_a to_o fool_n they_o be_v feed_v with_o canary-seed_n wherein_o they_o take_v great_a pleasure_n which_o therefore_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v bring_v together_o with_o they_o out_o of_o the_o same_o island_n gesner_n from_o the_o relation_n of_o his_o friend_n write_v that_o they_o be_v feed_v with_o the_o same_o food_n with_o the_o siskin_n and_o citril_n viz._n line_n seed_n and_o poppy_n seed_n and_o sometime_o also_o millet_n but_o particular_o that_o they_o delight_v in_o sugar_n and_o the_o sugar-cane_n as_o also_o in_o that_o sort_n of_o chickweed_n or_o mouse-ear_n which_o they_o common_o call_v henbit_n for_o he_o affirm_v that_o by_o this_o they_o be_v present_o provoke_v to_o sing_v this_o sort_n of_o bird_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v infest_a with_o certain_a tumor_n or_o kernel_n in_o its_o head_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o atheromata_n they_o be_v to_o be_v anoint_v with_o butter_n or_o the_o fat_a of_o hen_n till_o they_o ripen_v than_o they_o be_v to_o be_v open_v and_o the_o matter_n dexterous_o press_v out_o and_o again_o anoint_v till_o they_o be_v perfect_o whole_a sometime_o also_o they_o happen_v to_o be_v trouble_v with_o louse_n in_o which_o case_n it_o will_v be_v of_o advantage_n to_o sprinkle_v they_o often_o with_o wine_n for_o so_o those_o vermin_n will_v be_v kill_v and_o they_o become_v strong_a to_o overcome_v that_o trouble_n thus_o far_o aldrovandus_n there_o be_v also_o find_v say_v olina_n of_o this_o sort_n of_o bird_n in_o the_o island_n ilva_n a_o degenenerate_a kind_n descend_v original_o from_o true_a canary-bird_n which_o be_v
tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o foot_n be_v thirty_o six_o inch_n or_o four_o foot_n long_o have_v a_o bill_n a_o inch_n thick_a of_o the_o length_n of_o a_o breadth_n palm_n near_o the_o nostril_n of_o the_o breadth_n of_o one_o little_a finger_n channel_a within_n beneath_o of_o a_o horn_n and_o rose_n colour_n the_o iris_n of_o the_o eye_n yellow_a the_o pupil_n black_a the_o neck_n be_v a_o full_a span_n long_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o head_n neck_n back_o and_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o wing_n of_o a_o dusky_a ash-colour_n all_o their_o end_n mark_v with_o a_o red_a spot_n but_o the_o great_a wing-feather_n be_v variegated_a with_o white_a at_o their_o tip_n and_o also_o those_o which_o make_v up_o the_o tail_n which_o be_v a_o palm_n and_o half_a long_a those_o which_o cover_v the_o breast_n be_v sprinkle_v with_o long_a mark_n of_o black_a red_z and_o white_a the_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a ash-colour_n almost_o white_a the_o hip_n or_o thigh_n be_v somewhat_o red_a and_o for_o the_o space_n of_o a_o inch_n above_o the_o ham_n knee_n bare_a of_o feather_n from_o these_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o claw_n remain_v the_o measure_n of_o two_o palm_n the_o leg_n be_v greenish_a and_o the_o foot_n cleave_v into_o toe_n which_o yet_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o divarication_n be_v join_v together_o by_o a_o short_a membrane_n because_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v conversant_a about_o water_n the_o claw_n of_o the_o back-toe_n be_v great_a than_o the_o rest_n upon_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o head_n stick_v certain_a small_a tender_a white_a capillament_n which_o argue_v this_o to_o be_v a_o young_a bird_n §._o iii_o the_o lesser_a ash-coloured_a heron_n call_v by_o the_o german_n the_o night-raven_n it_o be_v much_o lesser_a than_o the_o precedent_n and_o have_v a_o short_a neck_n it_o be_v back_o and_o the_o crown_n of_o its_o head_n be_v black_a its_o neck_n ash-coloured_a it_o be_v throat_n and_o belly_n tincture_v with_o yellow_a a_o white_a line_n be_v extend_v from_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o bill_n from_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n it_o have_v a_o crest_n of_o three_o feather_n five_o inch_n long_o hang_v down_o over_o the_o back_n whereby_o it_o be_v difference_v from_o all_o other_o bird_n its_o wing_n and_o tail_n be_v cinereous_a its_o bill_n black_a its_o leg_n and_o foot_n of_o a_o yellowish_a green_a at_o sevenhuys_n a_o village_n in_o holland_n in_o a_o fenny_a country_n not_o far_o from_o leyden_n we_o describe_v a_o young_a bird_n of_o this_o kind_n as_o i_o suppose_v take_v out_o of_o the_o nest_n thus_o its_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v green_a and_o those_o bare_a of_o feather_n for_o about_o a_o inch_n above_o the_o knee_n the_o outmost_a toe_n connect_v with_o the_o middle_a one_o by_o a_o intervening_a membrane_n from_o the_o divarication_n to_o the_o first_o joint_n the_o claw_n of_o the_o middle_a toe_n serrate_v on_o the_o inner_a side_n as_o in_o the_o common_a heron._n the_o eye_n of_o a_o lovely_a yellow_a in_o the_o colour_n of_o its_o body_n it_o come_v near_a to_o a_o bittour_n than_o to_o the_o common_a heron-shaw_n two_o row_n of_o the_o great_a wing-feather_n be_v black_a with_o white_a tip_n the_o tail_n be_v of_o a_o dusky_a ash-colour_n the_o tip_n of_o its_o component_a feather_n be_v also_o white_a the_o back_n and_o neckfeather_n be_v black_a with_o red_a shaft_n or_o red_a line_n in_o the_o middle_n in_o the_o neck_n the_o red_a line_n be_v broad_a the_o tip_n of_o the_o lesser_a covert_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n decline_v from_o white_a to_o red_a the_o belly_n be_v white_a with_o black_a spot_n the_o chin_n white_a the_o feather_n on_o the_o throat_n on_o one_o side_n white_a on_o the_o other_o black_a after_o it_o have_v mew_v its_o first_o feather_n without_o doubt_n it_o change_v its_o colour_n as_o most_o other_o bird_n do_v it_o have_v a_o great_a gall_n a_o large_a stomach_n glandulous_a within_o but_o not_o fleshy_a or_o musculous_a which_o kind_n we_o in_o english_a call_v a_o gizzard_n in_o it_o be_v the_o shell_n of_o beetle_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o bone_n call_v the_o merrithought_n be_v a_o appendix_n this_o bird_n lay_v white_a eggs._n the_o german_n call_v it_o nacht_v rab_n that_o be_v night-raven_n and_o under_o that_o title_n it_o be_v figure_v and_o describe_v by_o gesner_n whence_o 57_o aldrovandus_n propound_v it_o under_o the_o title_n of_o night-raven_n for_o a_o distinct_a species_n of_o bird_n subjoyn_v it_o to_o the_o corvus_n sylvaticus_fw-la of_o gesner_n it_o be_v call_v night-raven_n because_o in_o the_o night_n time_n it_o cry_v with_o a_o uncouth_a voice_n like_o one_o that_o be_v strain_v to_o vomit_v §._o iv._o the_o great_a white_a heron._n ardea_n alba_fw-la major_n it_o weigh_v forty_o ounce_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o foot_n be_v fifty_o three_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n no_o more_o than_o forty_o it_o be_v breadth_n as_o we_o reckon_v it_o between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v sixty_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a it_o be_v colour_n be_v all_o over_o as_o white_a as_o snow_n the_o number_n of_o the_o main_a feather_n of_o its_o wing_n be_v about_o twenty_o seven_o of_o its_o tail_n twelve_o the_o length_n of_o its_o tail_n six_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a it_o have_v no_o crest_n it_o be_v bill_n as_o in_o the_o common_a heron_n be_v yellowish_a the_o edge_n of_o its_o eyelid_n and_o that_o naked_a space_n between_o the_o eye_n and_o bill_n green_a the_o eye_n of_o a_o pale_a yellow_a the_o leg_n for_o some_o space_n above_o the_o knee_n bare_a of_o feather_n the_o foot_n and_o talon_n black_a the_o outer_a fore-toe_n connect_v with_o the_o middle_a one_o from_o the_o divarication_n to_o the_o first_o joint_n by_o a_o intervening_a membrane_n the_o claw_n of_o the_o middle_a toe_n have_v its_o interior_a edge_n tooth_a serrate_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o breastbone_n be_v arcuate_v bend_v like_o a_o bow_n as_o in_o other_o heron_n the_o vertebre_n of_o the_o back_o be_v six_o or_o seven_o those_o of_o the_o neck_n to_o the_o four_o be_v bend_v downward_o all_o the_o rest_n upward_o it_o have_v a_o great_a gall_n a_o triangular_a appendix_n on_o the_o merrithought_n of_o its_o fat_n be_v make_v oil_n good_a for_o the_o wind_n etc._n etc._n this_o differ_v from_o the_o common_a heron_n 1._o in_o magnitude_n as_o be_v lesser_a than_o that_o 2._o in_o the_o length_n of_o its_o tail_n 3._o in_o that_o it_o want_v a_o crest_n a_o certain_a english_a man_n say_v aldrovand_n affirm_v that_o he_o have_v see_v white_a heron_n though_o but_o rare_o which_o neither_o in_o bigness_n of_o body_n nor_o shape_n differ_v at_o all_o from_o the_o common_a heron_n but_o only_o in_o colour_n i_o suspect_v this_o relator_n whosoever_o he_o be_v be_v mistake_v account_v the_o bird_n in_o this_o article_n describe_v by_o we_o not_o to_o differ_v from_o the_o common_a heron-shaw_n but_o only_o in_o colour_n for_o mr._n johnson_n who_o have_v see_v the_o white_a heron_n in_o england_n put_v it_o down_o for_o a_o distinct_a kind_n in_o his_o method_n of_o bird_n communicate_v to_o we_o §._o v._o the_o lesser_a white_a heron_n ardea_n alba_fw-la minor_fw-la be_v weigh_v it_o scarce_o amount_v to_o one_o pound_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n it_o be_v twenty_o four_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o leg_n thirty_o two_o and_o a_o half_a it_o be_v all_o over_o of_o a_o pure_a white_a colour_n like_o the_o big_a from_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n hang_v down_o backward_o a_o short_a crest_n about_o the_o eye_n the_o skin_n be_v bare_a of_o feather_n and_o of_o a_o green_a colour_n the_o bill_n be_v four_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a and_o black_a the_o eye_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a yellow_a the_o tongue_n short_a the_o foot_n green_a but_o sometime_o cover_v 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on_o which_o the_o nest_n be_v build_v and_o shake_v out_o the_o young_a one_o but_o sometime_o nest_n and_o all_o down_o to_o the_o ground_n §._o ii_o *_o tlauhquechul_n or_o the_o mexican_n spoon-bill_n of_o hernandez_n it_o be_v a_o bird_n of_o a_o strange_a palate_n it_o feed_v only_o on_o live_a fish_n and_o will_v not_o touch_v dead_a one_o it_o delight_v in_o ravin_a in_o shape_n of_o body_n be_v like_a to_o the_o spoon-bill_n or_o pelecan_n but_o almost_o all_o over_o of_o a_o most_o beautiful_a scarlet_n or_o pale_a red_a colour_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v broad_a round_o towards_o the_o end_n and_o of_o a_o ash-colour_n the_o pupil_n of_o its_o eye_n black_a the_o iris_z red_z and_o wrinkle_a its_o forehead_n like_o that_o of_o a_o turkey_n or_o aura_n its_o head_n almost_o void_a of_o hair_n or_o feather_n of_o a_o white_a colour_n with_o near_a the_o whole_a neck_n and_o part_n of_o the_o breast_n a_o broad_a black_a ring_n distinguish_v the_o head_n from_o the_o neck_n it_o 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piscivorous_a with_o very_o long_o slender_a straight_a bill_n chap._n i._n §._o i._o the_o woodcock_n scolopax_n aldrov_n tom_fw-mi 3._o pag._n 472._o it_o be_v somewhat_o lesser_a than_o a_o partridge_n the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o body_n particoloured_a of_o red_a black_a and_o grey_a very_o beautiful_a to_o behold_v from_o the_o bill_n almost_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o head_n it_o be_v of_o a_o red_a ash-colour_n the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v grey_a with_o transverse_a brown_a line_n under_o the_o tail_n it_o be_v somewhat_o yellowish_a the_o chin_n be_v white_a with_o a_o tincture_n of_o yellow_a a_o black_a line_n on_o each_o side_n between_o the_o eye_n and_o bill_n the_o back_n of_o the_o head_n be_v most_o black_a with_o two_o or_o three_o cross_a bar_n of_o a_o testaceous_a colour_n the_o prime_a feather_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v about_o twenty_o three_o black_a cross_v with_o red_a bar_n the_o feather_n under_o the_o wing_n be_v curious_o variegated_a with_o 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leave_v behind_o when_o their_o fellow_n depart_v remain_v also_o in_o england_n all_o summer_n and_o breed_v here_o mr._n jessop_n see_v young_a woodcock_n to_o be_v sell_v at_o sheffield_n and_o other_o have_v see_v they_o elsewhere_o their_o egg_n be_v long_o of_o a_o pale_a red_a colour_n stain_v with_o deep_a spot_n and_o cloud_n of_o two_o that_o i_o describe_v one_o be_v a_o male_a and_o the_o other_o a_o female_a the_o female_a be_v heavy_a than_o the_o male_n by_o a_o ounce_n and_o half_a the_o female_a weigh_v eleven_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a the_o male_a but_o ten_o the_o female_a also_o be_v of_o a_o dark_a colour_n the_o flesh_n of_o this_o bird_n for_o the_o delicacy_n of_o its_o taste_n be_v in_o high_a esteem_n the_o leg_n especial_o be_v commend_v in_o respect_n whereof_o the_o woodcock_n be_v prefer_v before_o the_o partridge_n itself_o according_a to_o that_o english_a rhythm_n before_o recite_v in_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o partridge_n if_o the_o partridge_n have_v the_o woodcock_n thigh_n it_o will_v be_v the_o best_a bird_n that_o ever_o do_v fly_v the_o length_n of_o this_o bird_n measure_v from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v thirteen_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a the_o breadth_n between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v twenty_o six_o inch_n among_o we_o in_o england_n this_o bird_n be_v infamous_a for_o its_o simplicity_n or_o folly_n so_o that_o a_o woodcock_n be_v proverbial_o use_v for_o a_o simple_a foolish_a person_n §._o ii_o the_o snipe_n or_o snite_n gallinago_n minor_fw-la this_o weigh_v about_o four_o ounce_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o toe_n be_v thirteen_o inch_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n eleven_o and_o a_o half_a the_o wing_n spread_v be_v seven_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a wide_a a_o pale_a red_a line_n divide_v the_o head_n in_o the_o middle_n longways_o and_o on_o each_o side_n parallel_n thereto_o a_o list_n of_o black_a and_o without_o the_o black_a over_o the_o eye_n another_o line_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o that_o draw_v along_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o head_n between_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o bill_n be_v a_o dusky_a brown_a line_n the_o chin_n under_o the_o bill_n be_v white_a the_o neck_n be_v mingle_v of_o brown_a and_o red_a the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v almost_o whole_o white_a the_o long_a feather_n spring_v from_o the_o shoulder_n reach_v almost_o to_o the_o tail_n have_v their_o outward_a half_n from_o the_o shaft_n of_o a_o pale_a red_a the_o inner_a black_a and_o glister_a their_o tip_n red_a which_o colour_n succeed_v one_o another_o make_v two_o line_n down_o the_o back_n the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o back_o be_v dusky_a with_o transverse_a white_a line_n those_o incumbent_n on_o the_o tail_n be_v red_a cross_v with_o black_a line_n the_o great_a covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v dusky_a with_o white_a tip_n the_o lesser_a be_v particoloured_a with_o black_a red_z and_o grey_a the_o inside_n covert_n be_v curious_o variegated_a with_o brown_a and_o white_a line_n the_o quil-feather_n be_v in_o each_o wing_n about_o twenty_o four_o in_o number_n of_o which_o the_o outer_a edge_n of_o outmost_a be_v white_a almost_o to_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o succeed_a the_o tip_n be_v something_o white_a but_o more_o clear_o from_o the_o eleven_o to_o the_o twenty_o first_o else_o they_o be_v all_o brown_a but_o the_o last_o five_o be_v variegated_a with_o transverse_a black_a and_o pale-red_n line_n the_o tail_n be_v compose_v of_o twelve_o feather_n two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a it_o seem_v to_o be_v short_a than_o it_o be_v because_o it_o be_v whole_o cover_v and_o hide_v by_o the_o incumbent_a feather_n the_o tip_n of_o its_o
shore_n by_o the_o seaside_n which_o for_o a_o great_a space_n be_v uncover_v when_o the_o tide_n be_v out_o where_o it_o hide_v not_o itself_o like_o the_o woodcock_n but_o walk_v up_o and_o down_o the_o sand_n in_o open_a view_n like_o a_o gull_n barge_n of_o bellonius_fw-la which_o he_o say_v they_o in_o french_a call_n curlew_n petit_fw-fr corlieu_n it_o live_v in_o meadow_n like_o the_o curlew_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n frequent_v the_o sea_n it_o be_v a_o timorous_a bird_n not_o abide_v the_o approach_n of_o a_o man_n it_o have_v a_o cry_n like_o a_o goat_n whence_o we_o guess_v it_o be_v name_v by_o aristotle_n aegocephalus_n or_o goathead_n but_o lest_o perchance_o this_o my_o conjecture_n may_v seem_v rash_a and_o groundless_a i_o will_v describe_v it_o it_o be_v lesser_a than_o the_o curlew_n but_o for_o colour_v not_o much_o unlike_o it_o have_v also_o a_o short_a bill_n and_o straight_o aristotle_n write_v thus_o of_o it_o it_o altogether_o want_v a_o spleen_n and_o a_o little_a after_o for_o in_o some_o bird_n the_o gall_n stick_v to_o the_o stomach_n in_o some_o to_o the_o gut_n as_o in_o the_o dove_n raven_n quail_n swallow_n sparrow_n in_o some_o to_o the_o liver_n and_o the_o stomach_n as_o in_o the_o aegocephalus_n and_o last_o in_o other_o to_o the_o liver_n and_o the_o gut_n as_o in_o the_o hawk_n and_o kite_n but_o in_o our_o barge_n dissect_v we_o find_v the_o gall_n stick_v both_o to_o the_o liver_n and_o stomach_n as_o any_o one_o that_o will_v be_v content_a to_o take_v the_o pain_n to_o cut_v it_o up_o may_v observe_v it_o be_v esteem_v a_o delicate_a bird_n by_o the_o french_a but_o seldom_o appear_v in_o place_n far_o remote_a from_o the_o sea_n seek_v its_o food_n most_o willing_o in_o salt_n marsh_n a_o good_a part_n of_o marshbird_n be_v nocturnal_a as_o this_o also_o be_v intent_n upon_o feed_v by_o night_n rather_o than_o by_o day_n wherefore_o we_o shall_v receive_v it_o for_o the_o aegocephalus_n till_o some_o other_o more_o fit_a name_n be_v find_v out_o for_o it_o thus_o far_a bellonius_fw-la i_o take_v this_o bird_n of_o bellonius_fw-la to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o our_o godwit_n which_o in_o cambridgeshire_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n they_o call_v yarwhelp_n §._o ii_o the_o second_o sort_n of_o godwit_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o totanus_n of_o 430._o aldrovand_n call_v at_o venice_n vetola_n it_o weigh_v above_o nine_o ounce_n its_o length_n from_o bill_n to_o tail_n be_v full_a seventeen_o inch_n to_o the_o foot_n twenty_o one_o its_o breadth_n from_o wings-end_n to_o wings-end_n twenty_o eight_o it_o be_v bill_n be_v like_o a_o woodcock_n three_o inch_n three_o quarter_n long_o black_a at_o the_o end_n else_o red_a its_o leg_n long_o and_o bare_a above_o the_o knee_n the_o outmost_a toe_n join_v to_o the_o middle_n by_o a_o membrane_n as_o far_o as_o the_o first_o joint_n the_o middle_a claw_n excavate_v on_o the_o inner_a side_n the_o chin_n be_v white_a with_o a_o tincture_n of_o red_a the_o neck_n grey_a cinereous_a the_o breast_n and_o belly_n white_a the_o head_n of_o a_o dusky_a ash-colour_n whitish_a about_o the_o eye_n the_o back_o brown_a the_o rump_n encompass_v with_o a_o white_a ring_n as_o in_o the_o pygargus_fw-la the_o quil-feather_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v twenty_o six_o the_o first_o or_o outmost_a the_o long_a all_o black_a as_o be_v also_o the_o six_o next_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o nineteen_o be_v half_a white_a in_o the_o twenty_o and_o twenty_o first_o the_o outer_a edge_n be_v also_o white_a the_o tip_n of_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o second_o row_n be_v white_a and_o together_o make_v a_o white_a line_n cross_v the_o middle_n of_o the_o wing_n it_o be_v tail_n be_v three_o inch_n long_o make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o two_o middlemost_a of_o which_o be_v almost_o whole_o black_a the_o outmost_a especial_o on_o the_o outside_n web_n white_a almost_o up_o to_o the_o tip_n in_o the_o rest_n in_o order_n the_o white_a part_n be_v less_o and_o less_o to_o the_o middlemost_a this_o bird_n have_v thick_a blind-gut_n ⅛_n of_o a_o inch_n long_o and_o beside_o that_o single_a one_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o gut_n it_o differ_v from_o the_o precedent_n 1._o in_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o tail_n 2._o in_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o back_n and_o upper_a side_n which_o in_o that_o be_v various_a in_o this_o one_o and_o the_o same_o 3._o in_o bigness_n be_v less_o than_o that_o §._o iii_o the_o three_o sort_n of_o godwit_n beside_o the_o two_o already_o describe_v mr._n willughby_n acknowledge_v a_o three_o sort_n of_o godwit_n which_o in_o cornwall_n they_o call_v the_o curlew_n stone-curlew_n differ_v from_o the_o precedent_n in_o that_o it_o have_v a_o much_o short_a and_o slendere_a bill_n than_o either_o of_o they_o book_n iii_o part_n i._o section_n iv._o waterfowl_n not_o piscivorous_a with_o very_o long_o slender_a crooked_a bill_n chap._n i._n §_o i._o the_o curlew_n numenius_n sive_fw-la arquata_n the_o female_a weigh_v twenty_o eight_o ounce_n the_o male_a which_o be_v somewhat_o less_o and_o common_o call_v the_o jack_n curlew_n twenty_o five_o and_o a_o quarter_n the_o length_n of_o the_o female_a from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o claw_n be_v twenty_o nine_o inch_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n twenty_o three_o and_o a_o half_a the_o distance_n of_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v forty_o inch_n the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o head_n neck_n and_o back_o be_v black_a the_o border_n or_o outside_n ash-coloured_a with_o a_o mixture_n of_o red_a in_o the_o throat_n and_o breast_n the_o middle_a part_n or_o shaft_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v black_a the_o border_n or_o edge_n in_o the_o breast_n white_a in_o the_o throat_n white_a with_o a_o tincture_n of_o red_a the_o chin_n be_v not_o spot_v the_o rump_n and_o belly_n be_v white_a the_o feather_n invest_v the_o underside_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v all_o white_a the_o first_o or_o outmost_a quil-feather_n all_o over_o black_a the_o rest_n spot_v with_o white_a the_o first_o feather_n of_o the_o second_o row_n be_v all_o black_a the_o tip_n of_o the_o eight_o or_o nine_o next_z are_z white_z this_o bird_n have_v a_o small_a sharp-pointed_a black_a feather_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n which_o whether_o or_o no_o it_o be_v to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o quil-feather_n one_o may_v just_o doubt_v it_o be_v bill_n be_v six_o very_o long_o narrow_a bow_v of_o a_o dark_a brown_a or_o black_a colour_n its_o tongue_n sharp_a and_o very_o short_a extend_v not_o further_o than_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o low_a chap_n the_o nostril_n long_o the_o leg_n long_o of_o a_o dusky_a blue_a colour_n bare_a of_o feather_n half_o up_o the_o second_o joint_n the_o claw_n small_a and_o black_a that_o of_o the_o middle_a toe_n thin_v into_o a_o edge_n on_o the_o inside_n all_o the_o toe_n connect_v by_o a_o thick_a membrane_n from_o the_o divarication_n to_o the_o first_o joint_n it_o have_v a_o great_a gallbladder_n with_o a_o long_a neck_n extend_v to_o the_o gut_n which_o concur_v not_o in_o one_o common_a passage_n with_o the_o bilarius_fw-la gall-pore_a but_o enter_v the_o gut_n at_o a_o distinct_a hole_n though_o near_o to_o that_o it_o have_v a_o musculous_a stomach_n or_o gizzard_n like_o granivorous_a bird_n in_o the_o stomach_n of_o one_o we_o find_v periwinkle_n shell_n small_a stone_n and_o grit_n etc._n etc._n in_o another_o frog_n etc._n etc._n the_o single_a blind_a gut_n be_v very_o long_o the_o common_a blind_a gut_n three_o or_o four_o inch_n long_o and_o full_a of_o excrement_n above_o the_o stomach_n the_o gullet_n be_v dilate_v into_o a_o bag_n granulate_v within_o with_o thick-set_a papillary_a glandule_n this_o bird_n for_o the_o goodness_n and_o delicate_a taste_n of_o its_o flesh_n may_v just_o challenge_v the_o principal_a place_n among_o waterfowl_n of_o this_o our_o fowler_n be_v not_o ignorant_a and_o therefore_o sell_v they_o dear_a they_o have_v a_o proverb_n among_o they_o in_o suffolk_n a_o curlew_n be_v she_o white_a be_v she_o black_a she_o carry_v twelve_o penny_n on_o her_o back_n it_o be_v a_o seafowl_n seek_v its_o food_n on_o the_o sand_n and_o ouze_n and_o in_o salt_n marsh_n it_o be_v find_v on_o the_o seacoast_n on_o all_o side_n of_o england_n §._o ii_o the_o whimbrel_n arquata_n minor_fw-la at_o venice_n taraniolo_n this_o bird_n the_o bigness_n except_v be_v very_o like_o the_o curlew_n it_o weigh_v twelve_o ounce_n the_o measure_n from_o bill_n to_o tail_n be_v seventeen_o inch_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o foot_n twenty_o of_o the_o wing_n spread_v thirty_o three_o and_o a_o half_a the_o bill_n three_o inch_n long_o the_o blind_a gut_n two_o
falcinellus_n of_o gesner_n and_o aldrovand_n chap._n v._n *_o the_o brasilian_n guara_n of_o marggrave_n the_o indian_a curlew_n of_o clusius_n exot._n it_o be_v a_o land_n and_o waterfowl_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o spoon-bill_n it_o have_v a_o bill_n of_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o polonian_a sword_n long_o of_o a_o whitish_a ash-colour_n black_a eye_n a_o neck_n and_o head_n like_o the_o spoon-bill_n the_o wing_n end_v with_o the_o tail_n which_o be_v short_a and_o carry_v low_o the_o leg_n be_v long_o the_o upper_a half_n whereof_o cover_v with_o feather_n the_o rest_n bare_a in_o each_o footfour_n toe_n situate_a as_o be_v usual_a long_a with_o short_a claw_n at_o bottom_n join_v together_o by_o a_o skin_n the_o foot_n and_o leg_n as_o far_o as_o naked_a be_v of_o a_o light_n grey_a as_o be_v also_o the_o bill_n the_o whole_a bird_n be_v cover_v with_o feather_n of_o a_o elegant_a scarlet_a colour_n only_o the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n have_v their_o end_n black_a this_o bird_n when_o first_o hatch_v be_v of_o a_o blackish_a colour_n next_o it_o become_v ash-coloured_a then_o white_a after_o by_o degree_n it_o begin_v to_o grow_v red_a and_o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o its_o age_n be_v all_o over_o of_o that_o colour_n they_o call_v columbin_n and_o as_o it_o grow_v old_a it_o acquire_v that_o elegant_a scarlet_a colour_n it_o feed_v upon_o fish_n and_o flesh_n water_n always_o add_v that_o bird_n which_o clusius_n from_o a_o picture_n send_v he_o by_o the_o duke_n of_o areschot_n describe_v by_o the_o title_n of_o the_o indicus_n indian_a curlew_n be_v without_o all_o doubt_n the_o same_o with_o this_o it_o approach_v well_o to_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o curlew_n have_v a_o long_a neck_n a_o long_a and_o sharp_a bill_n but_o crooked_a like_o a_o scythe_n long_o and_o slender_a leg_n furnish_v with_o four_o toe_n of_o which_o the_o three_o foremost_a be_v long_a the_o hind-toe_n short_a all_o arm_a with_o black_a claw_n the_o thigh_n for_o half_a that_o part_n that_o be_v above_o the_o knee_n be_v destitute_a of_o feather_n which_o note_n be_v common_a to_o it_o with_o all_o other_o bird_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o frequent_v watery_a and_o fenny_a place_n it_o be_v tail_n be_v short_a not_o exceed_v the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n but_o the_o feather_n invest_v the_o whole_a body_n be_v of_o another_o colour_n than_o those_o of_o our_o common_a curlew_n for_o they_o be_v whole_o red_a like_o vermilion_n except_v the_o end_n of_o the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n which_o be_v black_a it_o be_v bill_n and_o leg_n be_v yellow_a almost_o like_o ochre_n section_n v._o waterfowl_n not_o piscivorous_a with_o slender_a bill_n of_o a_o middle_a length_n chap._n i._n *_o the_o himantopus_n of_o pliny_n aldrov_n lib._n 20._o cap._n 30._o the_o whole_a belly_n breast_n and_o under-side_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v white_a as_o be_v also_o the_o head_n beneath_o the_o eye_n for_o above_o the_o eye_n it_o be_v black_a and_o so_o be_v it_o too_o on_o the_o back_n and_o wing_n the_o bill_n be_v likewise_o black_a a_o palm_n and_o more_o long_o slender_a and_o fit_a to_o strike_v wood-lice_n and_o other_o infect_v the_o tail_n from_o white_a incline_v to_o ash-colour_n but_o underneath_o be_v white_a on_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v black_a spot_n tend_v downward_o the_o wing_n be_v very_o long_o the_o leg_n and_o thigh_n be_v of_o a_o wonderful_a length_n very_o small_a and_o weak_a and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o unfit_a to_o stand_v upon_o because_o it_o want_v a_o hind-toe_n and_o the_o fore-toe_n for_o the_o length_n of_o the_o leg_n be_v short_a so_o that_o well_o and_o of_o right_n may_v it_o be_v call_v himantopus_n or_o loripes_fw-la its_o leg_n be_v soft_a and_o flexible_a like_o a_o thong_n or_o string_n the_o toe_n be_v of_o almost_o equal_a length_n and_o of_o a_o sanguine_a colour_n yet_o be_v the_o middle_a toe_n a_o little_a the_o long_a the_o claw_n be_v black_a small_a and_o a_o little_a crooked_a see_v gesner_n description_n of_o this_o bird_n and_o what_o else_o he_o have_v concern_v it_o in_o the_o author_n himself_o or_o in_o aldrovandus_n who_o repeat_v it_o out_o of_o he_o ornithol_n lib._n 20._o cap._n 30._o to_o say_v the_o truth_n it_o have_v not_o be_v our_o hap_n as_o yet_o to_o see_v this_o bird_n chap._n ii_o *_o the_o crex_fw-la of_o bellonius_fw-la it_o have_v long_a leg_n like_o the_o limosa_fw-la call_v by_o the_o french_a chevalier_n but_o be_v big_a yet_o lesser_a than_o the_o curlew_n it_o have_v a_o long_a black_a bill_n like_o the_o curlew_n and_o also_o black_a leg_n and_o head_n the_o neck_n back_o and_o breast_n white_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o body_n incline_v to_o ash-colour_n the_o wing_n be_v blackish_a cross_v on_o both_o side_n by_o a_o white_a line_n near_o the_o costae_fw-la ridge_n it_o seek_v its_o food_n on_o the_o ground_n and_o in_o the_o air_n also_o pursue_v and_o prey_v upon_o fly_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o the_o lapwing_n when_o it_o fly_v it_o make_v a_o great_a noise_n this_o bird_n bellonius_fw-la see_v about_o the_o river_n nile_n and_o thence_o guess_v it_o to_o be_v the_o crex_n of_o aristotle_n because_o in_o its_o cry_n it_o often_o repeat_v this_o word_n crex_n crex_fw-la chap._n iii_o the_o sea-pie_n haematopus_n bellonii_n it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o magpie_n or_o crow_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o eighteen_o ounce_n from_o bill_n to_o tail_n or_o claw_n for_o it_o be_v all_o one_o eighteen_o inch_n long_o it_o be_v bill_n be_v straight_o three_o inch_n long_o narrow_a or_o compress_a sideway_n end_v sharp_a of_o a_o red_a colour_n in_o another_o bird_n perchance_o a_o young_a one_o the_o bill_n be_v half_o black_a from_o the_o tip_n by_o its_o figure_n the_o bill_n seem_v to_o be_v frame_v by_o nature_n to_o thrust_v under_o patella_n limpet_n and_o to_o raise_v they_o from_o the_o rock_n that_o so_o it_o may_v feed_v upon_o their_o meat_n the_o upper_a chap_n be_v a_o little_a long_o than_o the_o nether_a the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n and_o edge_n of_o the_o eyelid_n of_o a_o curious_a red_a colour_n in_o another_o bird_n they_o be_v from_o yellow_a hazel-coloured_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n red_a it_o want_v the_o back-toe_n the_o outmost_a and_o middle_a toe_n be_v for_o a_o good_a way_n up_o join_v together_o by_o a_o membrane_n so_o that_o this_o bird_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o a_o middle_a nature_n between_o whole_a and_o cleave_a footed_a in_o some_o we_o observe_v the_o foot_n to_o be_v of_o a_o pale_a dusky_a colour_n perhaps_o those_o also_o be_v young_a one_o the_o claw_n be_v black_a the_o head_n neck_n back_o and_o throat_n to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v black_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o breast_n and_o belly_n white_a as_o also_o the_o rump_n from_o this_o likeness_n in_o colour_n it_o take_v the_o name_n of_o sea-pie_n in_o one_o bird_n there_o be_v a_o great_a white_a spot_n under_o the_o chin_n and_o another_o lesser_a under_o each_o eye_n the_o tail_n be_v make_v up_o of_o twelve_o equal_a feather_n of_o four_o inch_n long_o the_o low_a half_o white_a the_o upper_a black_a the_o prime_a feather_n of_o each_o wing_n be_v about_o twenty_o eight_o of_o which_o the_o first_o be_v black_a have_v only_o the_o interior_a edge_n white_a in_o the_o rest_n in_o order_n the_o white_a part_n be_v enlarge_v till_o in_o the_o twenty_o and_o three_o follow_v it_o take_v up_o the_o whole_a feather_n the_o succeed_a from_o the_o twenty_o three_o grow_v gradual_o black_a again_o the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o middle_a quill_n be_v white_a and_o together_o make_v up_o a_o transverse_a bed_n of_o white_a in_o the_o wing_n the_o stomach_n be_v great_a not_o musculous_a but_o membranous_a in_o which_o dissect_a we_o find_v limpet_n entire_a upon_o which_o it_o seem_v chief_o to_o feed_v and_o live_v as_o from_o the_o make_v of_o its_o bill_n we_o gather_v before_o it_o have_v a_o great_a liver_n divide_v into_o two_o lobe_n with_o a_o gall_n annex_v a_o small_a spleen_n huge_a ureter_n the_o cock_n differ_v not_o from_o the_o hen_n in_o colour_n it_o be_v flesh_n be_v very_o black_a hard_a have_v a_o rank_a taste_n in_o a_o word_n very_o bad_a meat_n which_o we_o can_v but_o wonder_v at_o see_v it_o feed_v chief_o upon_o shellfish_n as_o do_v also_o the_o best_a rellish_v and_o most_o savoury_a of_o waterfowl_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o wales_n and_o elsewhere_o on_o the_o western_a shore_n of_o england_n we_o see_v abundance_n of_o these_o bird_n care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o the_o haematopus_n be_v not_o confound_v with_o the_o himantopus_n or_o loripes_fw-la so_o call_v from_o the_o weakness_n and_o flexibility_n
the_o side_n the_o tongue_n be_v pretty_a broad_a eye_n not_o cleave_v rough_a at_o the_o end_n the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n be_v red_a the_o low_a eyelid_n be_v not_o feather_v in_o the_o young_a bird_n neither_o the_o bill_n nor_o the_o bald_a spot_n in_o the_o forehead_n be_v red_a the_o leg_n be_v green_a the_o claw_n of_o a_o dark_a brown_a near_o black_a indifferent_o toe_n long_a the_o toe_n long_o as_o in_o the_o coot_n the_o middle_a the_o long_a next_o the_o outmost_a all_o broad_a and_o plain_o below_o than_o in_o the_o other_o cloven-footed_a bird_n for_o the_o use_n of_o swim_v the_o back-toe_n broad_a as_o in_o coat_n serve_v they_o perchance_o as_o a_o rudder_n to_o steer_v and_o direct_v their_o course_n the_o leg_n be_v feather_v almost_o down_o to_o the_o knee_n between_o the_o feather_n and_o the_o joint_n mark_v with_o a_o red_a spot_n from_o the_o shoulder_n or_o set_v on_o of_o the_o wing_n all_o along_o its_o base_a or_o ridge_n and_o to_o the_o feather_n very_a end_n of_o the_o feather_n run_v a_o line_n of_o white_a the_o long_a feather_n under_o the_o wing_n be_v curious_o adorn_v with_o white_a spot_n or_o line_n tend_v downward_o the_o breast_n be_v of_o a_o lead-colour_n the_o belly_n incline_v to_o grey_a or_o ash-colour_n under_o the_o tail_n be_v white_a feather_n as_o it_o swim_v or_o walk_v it_o often_o flirt_v up_o its_o tail_n and_o show_v the_o white_a especial_o when_o it_o put_v down_o its_o head_n to_o pick_v up_o any_o thing_n the_o back_n and_o lesser_a row_n of_o wing_n feather_n approach_v to_o a_o rusty_a ferrugineous_a colour_n else_o it_o be_v all_o over_o blackish_a in_o the_o male_a the_o feather_n under_o the_o tail_n be_v white_a the_o belly_n more_o grey_a cinereous_a and_o the_o back_n more_o ferrugineous_a it_o be_v liver_n be_v small_a gallbladder_n great_a the_o gall_n within_o be_v of_o a_o greenish_a black_a food_n colour_n it_o will_v feed_v very_o fat_a it_o be_v flesh_n be_v well_o taste_v and_o even_o comparable_a to_o that_o of_o teal_n it_o get_v its_o food_n on_o grassy_a bank_n and_o border_n near_o water_n and_o in_o the_o very_a water_n especial_o if_o they_o be_v weedy_a feed_v i_o suppose_v upon_o the_o water-insects_a it_o find_v among_o the_o weed_n it_o build_v upon_o low_a tree_n and_o shrub_n by_o the_o water_n side_n breed_v twice_o or_o thrice_o in_o a_o summer_n and_o when_o its_o young_a one_o be_v grow_v up_o it_o drive_v breed_n they_o away_o to_o shift_v for_o themselves_o its_o egg_n be_v sharp_a at_o one_o end_n white_z with_o a_o tincture_n egg_n of_o green_a spot_v with_o red_a spot_n it_o strike_v with_o its_o bill_n like_o a_o hen_n it_o sit_v manner_n upon_o bough_n but_o those_o only_a that_o be_v thick_a and_o near_o the_o water_n it_o live_v about_o mote_n place_n and_o great_a pool_n of_o water_n near_o gentleman_n house_n it_o fly_v with_o its_o foot_n hang_v down_o §._o ii_o the_o other_o green-footed_n water-hen_n of_o aldrovand_n perchance_o our_o water-rail_a this_o bird_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v almost_o eighteen_o inch_n long_o it_o have_v a_o bill_n two_o inch_n long_o both_o above_o and_o underneath_o for_o some_o space_n yellow_a the_o remain_a part_n be_v black_a the_o neck_n and_o head_n be_v black_a the_o back_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o wing_n of_o a_o chesnut-colour_n the_o nether_a part_n of_o a_o dark_a cinereous_a only_o the_o extreme_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v white_a the_o low_a belly_n also_o be_v almost_o all_o white_a on_o the_o side_n towards_o the_o wing_n it_o be_v cover_v with_o thick_a feather_n the_o tail_n end_v acutum_fw-la sharp_a be_v above_o of_o a_o chesnut-colour_n underneath_o white_a the_o thigh_n be_v cover_v with_o ash-coloured_a feather_n vary_a light_o with_o transverse_a white_a border_n not_o altogether_o down_o to_o the_o knee_n the_o leg_n be_v green_a the_o toe_n long_o furnish_v with_o claw_n a_o little_a crooked_a broad_a and_o plain_a underneath_o perhaps_o that_o it_o may_v swim_v with_o they_o when_o there_o be_v need_n or_o occasion_n the_o female_a be_v in_o all_o part_n pale_a than_o the_o male._n this_o bird_n if_o it_o be_v not_o our_o water-rail_a be_v i_o confess_v to_o i_o unknown_a i_o do_v indeed_o suspect_v it_o to_o be_v the_o rail_n though_o to_o say_v the_o truth_n the_o mark_n do_v not_o agree_v wherefore_o i_o will_v not_o omit_v its_o description_n that_o the_o reader_n compare_v it_o with_o that_o of_o the_o rail_n may_v himself_o judge_v §._o iii_o another_o green-footed_n water-hen_n of_o bellonius_fw-la like_a to_o a_o coot_n perchance_o our_o grinetta_n we_o have_v necessary_o separate_v the_o water-hen_n la_v poulette_n d'eau_fw-fr from_o the_o lesser_a and_o great_a coot_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr poule_n &_o macroule_n because_o it_o swim_v not_o in_o the_o water_n nor_o be_v webfooted_n we_o have_v impose_v the_o name_n of_o water-hen_n upon_o this_o bird_n from_o its_o likeness_n though_o it_o be_v much_o less_o yet_o be_v it_o big_a than_o a_o rail_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o partake_v of_o both_o the_o fowler_n to_o who_o we_o show_v it_o see_v it_o to_o be_v like_o a_o coot_n will_v needs_o persuade_v i_o that_o it_o differ_v only_o in_o bigness_n be_v not_o yet_o come_v to_o its_o full_a age_n and_o growth_n whereupon_o i_o do_v more_o diligent_o search_v out_o some_o discriminate_a note_n among_o which_o this_o be_v the_o chief_a that_o this_o water-hen_n have_v green_a leg_n and_o foot_n not_o unlike_a to_o a_o bittern_n and_o not_o so_o plain_a nor_o have_v such_o broad_a appendant_a membrane_n as_o in_o a_o coot_n the_o tail_n also_o of_o this_o water-hen_n be_v long_o and_o the_o bare_a spot_n upon_o its_o forehead_n less_o in_o colour_n it_o be_v indeed_o like_a to_o a_o rail_n but_o tend_v to_o that_o of_o a_o coot_n wherefore_o at_o first_o sight_n i_o take_v it_o to_o be_v a_o rail_n but_o view_v it_o more_o careful_o i_o observe_v that_o it_o have_v white_a eyelid_n which_o neither_o rail_n nor_o coot_n have_v in_o the_o tail_n be_v two_o white_a feather_n one_o on_o each_o side_n under_o the_o breast_n it_o incline_v a_o little_a to_o blue_a the_o back_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a chestnut_n colour_n some_o also_o be_v black_a than_o other_o and_o have_v the_o fold_n of_o their_o wing_n white_a and_o moreover_o another_o white_a line_n in_o the_o mean_v lesser_a wing_n which_o its_o first_o feather_n longways_o of_o the_o quill_n or_o shaft_n compose_v the_o same_o meat_n be_v find_v in_o its_o stomach_n as_o in_o the_o rail_n and_o coat_n it_o have_v a_o breastbone_n and_o a_o hipbone_n different_a from_o other_o bird_n yea_o even_o from_o the_o coot_n it_o be_v flesh_n be_v like_a that_o of_o the_o morehen_fw-ge tender_v and_o of_o easy_a digestion_n its_o bone_n easy_a to_o be_v break_v its_o liver_n also_o brittle_a it_o be_v craw_n large_a its_o gut_n and_o entrail_n as_o in_o a_o coot_n when_o roast_v also_o it_o be_v of_o the_o same_o taste_n with_o a_o coot_n it_o build_v breed_v and_o bring_v up_o its_o young_a like_o the_o rail_n this_o bird_n in_o many_o thing_n resemble_v our_o grinetta_n or_o water-hen_n gallinula_n poliopus_fw-la minor_fw-la of_o aldrovand_n so_o that_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o be_v the_o same_o howbeit_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o insert_v its_o description_n in_o this_o work_n that_o i_o may_v leave_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o freedom_n of_o his_o judgement_n §._o iv._o the_o water-rail_a call_v by_o some_o the_o bilcock_n or_o brook-ouzel_n rallus_fw-la aquaticus_fw-la 455._o aldrov_n i_o e._n ortygometra_fw-la bellonii_fw-la also_o the_o gallinula_n chloropus_fw-la altera_fw-la aldrov_n and_o perchance_o the_o gallinula_n serica_n of_o the_o some_o so_o of_o one_o species_n he_o make_v three_o it_o be_v like_o the_o common_a water-hen_n but_o less_o big_a than_o a_o quail_n of_o a_o slender_a narrow_a or_o compress_a body_n from_o point_n of_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o claw_n sixteen_o inch_n long_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n but_o twelve_o according_a to_o our_o usual_a way_n of_o measure_v sixteen_o inch_n broad_a it_o be_v head_n be_v small_a narrow_a or_o compress_a sideway_n it_o be_v bill_n like_o the_o ruff_n about_o two_o inch_n long_o straight_o compress_v likewise_o sideways_o red_a especial_o the_o low_a mandible_a and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o upper_a for_o towards_o the_o top_n or_o point_v it_o be_v black_a smooth_a and_o hard_o the_o tongue_n reach_v to_o the_o very_a end_n of_o the_o bill_n and_o be_v white_a and_o rough_a at_o the_o tip_n it_o have_v a_o round_a black_a bald_a spot_n or_o naked_a skin_n in_o the_o forehead_n but_o much_o less_o than_o that_o of_o the_o coot_n so_o
little_a that_o it_o be_v scarce_o observable_a the_o colour_n of_o the_o head_n shoulder_n back_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n in_o brief_a the_o whole_a upper_a side_n be_v various_a of_o black_a or_o dark_a brown_a and_o olive_n colour_n each_o single_a feather_n have_v its_o middle_a part_n black_a and_o its_o edge_n olive-coloured_n mr._n willughby_n make_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o border_n or_o edge_n of_o the_o feather_n a_o yellowish_a red_a or_o russet_a and_o attribute_n white_a spot_n to_o the_o head_n which_o be_v not_o or_o at_o least_o not_o observe_v in_o the_o bird_n see_v and_o describe_v by_o i_o the_o chin_n be_v white_a the_o throat_n red_a with_o a_o mixture_n of_o ash-colour_n the_o extreme_a edge_n and_o as_o it_o be_v fringe_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v a_o little_a grey_a the_o breast_n be_v more_o blue_a with_o a_o bed_n of_o white_a in_o the_o middle_n on_o the_o thigh_n and_o side_n under_o the_o wing_n grow_v black_a feather_n elegant_o variegated_a with_o transverse_a white_a line_n the_o belly_n be_v russet_a with_o white_a feather_n under_o the_o tail_n like_o the_o common_a morehen_fw-ge mark_v with_o one_o or_o two_o black_a spot_n the_o wing_n be_v hollow_a the_o quil-feather_n short_a black_a or_o very_o near_o it_o in_o number_n twenty_o two_o along_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v a_o line_n of_o white_a as_o in_o the_o morehen_fw-ge the_o tail_n be_v length_n short_a and_o black_a only_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o two_o middle_a feather_n be_v red_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a flesh-colour_n the_o leg_n strong_a the_o toe_n as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n very_o long_o divide_v from_o the_o very_a rise_n except_o that_o the_o outer_a toe_n be_v join_v to_o the_o middle_n by_o a_o membrane_n at_o the_o bottom_n the_o claw_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o toe_n it_o have_v a_o great_a long_o crooked_a gallbladder_n and_o a_o large_a gall-pore_a beside_o long_a blind-gut_n fill_v with_o excrement_n a_o musculous_a stomach_n in_o which_o we_o find_v a_o shell-snail_n it_o run_v very_o swift_o and_o hide_v itself_o about_o the_o bank_n of_o river_n it_o walk_v rather_o than_o swim_v in_o the_o water_n it_o fly_v with_o its_o foot_n hang_v down_o it_o be_v call_v at_o venice_n forzane_n or_o porzana_n a_o name_n common_a to_o other_o waterhen_n also_o §._o v._o *_o the_o velvet_n runner_n gallinula_n serica_n gesneri_fw-la 470._o aldrov_n perchance_o the_o same_o with_o the_o precedent_n this_o be_v a_o remarkable_a bird_n very_o handsome_o particoloured_a of_o black_a and_o red_a almost_o all_o the_o body_n over_o as_o far_o as_o i_o remember_v except_o that_o the_o belly_n be_v white_a and_o because_o the_o black_a colour_n in_o its_o feather_n shine_v like_o velvet_n i_o think_v sit_v to_o make_v and_o impose_v upon_o it_o the_o german_a name_n samethunle_fw-mi its_o leg_n be_v long_a and_o dark-coloured_n its_o toe_n very_o long_o but_o the_o back-toe_n short_a its_o bill_n long_o thus_o far_o gesner_n and_o again_o in_o his_o epitome_n this_o bird_n may_v be_v call_v gallina_n serica_n because_o in_o it_o the_o black_a colour_n shine_v like_o silk_n quaere_fw-la whither_o this_o be_v not_o the_o ortygometra_fw-mi of_o bellonius_fw-la and_o we_o true_o hitherto_o have_v be_v of_o that_o opinion_n but_o then_o gesner_n have_v not_o well_o describe_v it_o which_o yet_o be_v not_o at_o all_o strange_a since_o as_o we_o see_v he_o describe_v it_o by_o memory_n §._o vi_o a_o small_a water-hen_n call_v grinetta_n in_o italy_n and_o at_o milan_n gillerdine_n poliopus_fw-la gallinula_n minor_fw-la aldrov_n it_o be_v less_o not_o only_o than_o the_o common_a water-hen_n but_o than_o the_o rail_n but_o in_o shape_n of_o body_n like_a its_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v of_o the_o same_o both_o figure_n and_o colour_n with_o the_o common_a waterhen_n viz._n a_o sordid_a green_a the_o toe_n very_o long_o divide_v to_o the_o bottom_n the_o bill_n short_a than_o either_o the_o rail_n or_o common_a morehens_n compress_v or_o narrow_a sharp-pointed_a of_o a_o yellow_a colour_n bright_a at_o the_o head_n dark_a towards_o the_o tip_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o upper_a chap_n near_o the_o head_n above_o the_o nostril_n be_v crust_v over_o with_o a_o kind_n of_o yellow_a plaster_n the_o head_n as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v little_a the_o colour_n of_o the_o feather_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v dark_a from_o the_o bill_n above_o the_o eye_n on_o each_o side_n be_v draw_v a_o line_n of_o grey_a or_o pale_a ash-colour_n beneath_o about_o the_o ear_n the_o feather_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n under_o the_o throat_n again_o they_o be_v ash-coloured_a or_o blue_a the_o neck_n both_o above_o and_o beneath_o and_o all_o the_o breast_n be_v particoloured_a viz._n of_o a_o middle_a colour_n between_o green_a yellow_a and_o dusky_a elegant_o sprinkle_v with_o black_a spot_n mr._n willughby_n make_v the_o breast_n white_a or_o cinereous_a the_o bottom_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v black_a the_o throat_n black_a with_o white_a spot_n the_o chin_n of_o a_o dark_a ash-colour_n without_o spot_n the_o feather_n on_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n have_v their_o middle_a part_n black_a their_o edge_n red_a those_o on_o the_o shoulder_n and_o middle_a of_o the_o back_o their_o middle_a part_n about_o the_o shaft_n black_a their_o side_n and_o tip_n of_o a_o sordid_a red_a their_o utmost_a edge_n on_o each_o side_n white_a the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v all_o of_o a_o dark_a brown_a with_o a_o certain_a tincture_n of_o red_a the_o covert-feather_n red_a with_o transverse_n wave_v line_n of_o white_a at_o interval_n the_o lateral_a part_n cover_v by_o the_o wing_n be_v clothe_v with_o brown_a feather_n variegated_a with_o transverse_n wave_v line_n of_o white_a the_o tail_n be_v short_a consist_v of_o twelve_o feather_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o quill_n of_o the_o wing_n save_v that_o the_o middlemost_a on_o their_o lateral_a edge_n have_v something_o of_o white_a but_o what_o be_v especial_o remarkable_a in_o the_o tail_n be_v that_o when_o spread_v it_o be_v not_o plain_a as_o in_o most_o bird_n but_o notable_o concave_a the_o middle_a feather_n be_v long_o than_o the_o rest_n moreover_o the_o wing_n be_v very_o hollow_a as_o in_o most_o land-fowl_n of_o the_o poultry-kind_n the_o gall_n be_v large_a the_o stomach_n musculous_a in_o it_o we_o find_v seed_n of_o plant_n this_o sort_n of_o water-hen_n we_o first_o see_v and_o describe_v at_o milan_n then_o at_o florence_n where_o the_o fowler_n call_v it_o tordo_fw-mi gelsemino_fw-la unless_o perchance_o that_o be_v a_o distinct_a kind_n and_o last_o at_o valence_n in_o spain_n that_o this_o be_v the_o gallinula_n poliopus_fw-la of_o aldrovand_n the_o name_n impose_v on_o it_o do_v persuade_v we_o though_o the_o description_n do_v not_o in_o all_o point_n agree_v the_o bird_n that_o i_o describe_v at_o florence_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o lesser_a tringa_n long-bodied_n with_o a_o small_a head_n wing_n of_o a_o mean_a size_n a_o short_a tail_n leg_n bare_a for_o a_o little_a above_o the_o knee_n very_o long_a toe_n except_o the_o back_n one_o which_o be_v short_a in_o proportion_n than_o the_o rest_n and_o situate_v high_o the_o bill_n for_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o bird_n be_v of_o a_o good_a length_n straight_o narrow_a or_o compress_a sideway_n of_o a_o greenish_a yellow_a colour_n but_o the_o upper_a mandible_a both_o at_o the_o base_a and_o towards_o the_o tip_n be_v dark_a colour_v and_o as_o it_o be_v of_o a_o dusky_a green_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o sordid_a green_a neither_o be_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o claw_n different_a in_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o feather_n it_o agree_v mostwhat_o with_o the_o describe_v save_v that_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_n between_o the_o wing_n a_o black_a list_n run_v down_o besprinkle_v with_o white_a spot_n of_o a_o considerable_a length_n and_o breadth_n to_o which_o also_o be_v two_o line_n adjacent_a one_o on_o each_o side_n in_o the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n not_o parallel_n to_o the_o middle_a one_o but_o run_v out_o wide_o towards_o the_o tail_n the_o eye_n be_v small_a and_o their_o irides_fw-la of_o a_o greenish_a yellow_a in_o the_o bird_n that_o mr._n willughby_n measure_v the_o length_n from_o bill_n to_o claw_n be_v thirteen_o inch_n from_o bill_n to_o tail_n nine_o and_o a_o half_a the_o breadth_n between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n sixteen_o the_o bill_n like_o that_o of_o the_o common_a water-hen_n from_o the_o point_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n scarce_o a_o inch_n long_o the_o tail_n two_o inch_n along_o the_o utmost_a edge_n of_o the_o wing_n from_o
the_o shoulder_n to_o the_o very_a tip_n of_o the_o outmost_a pinion_n feather_n run_v a_o line_n of_o white_a as_o in_o the_o common_a water-hen_n this_o line_n of_o white_a be_v not_o in_o the_o bird_n we_o describe_v at_o florence_n yet_o i_o persuade_v myself_o that_o both_o these_o description_n be_v of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o species_n of_o bird_n differ_v either_o in_o age_n or_o sex_n §._o vii_o *_o the_o water-hen_n call_v by_o gesner_n ochropus_fw-la schmirring_a aldrov_n lib._n 20._o cap._n 42._o so_o he_o denominate_v it_o from_o the_o pale_a yellow_a or_o brimstone-like_a colour_n of_o its_o leg_n which_o appear_v also_o in_o its_o bill_n to_o the_o middle_a part_n or_o further_o for_o the_o forepart_n of_o it_o be_v black_a it_o be_v call_v in_o high_a dutch_a schmir_v a_o name_n as_o i_o guess_v frame_v in_o imitation_n of_o its_o voice_n or_o the_o noise_n it_o make_v it_o have_v the_o great_a variety_n of_o colour_n of_o any_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n there_o appear_v in_o it_o seven_o distinct_a one_o as_o the_o it_o picture_n show_v for_o beside_o the_o yellow_a colour_n i_o speak_v of_o every_o where_o all_o over_o the_o whole_a body_n appear_v a_o russet_a ruffus_fw-la in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o short_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n a_o red_a like_o red_a ochre_n a_o white_a both_o on_o the_o head_n and_o about_o the_o eye_n and_o also_o in_o the_o middle_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o in_o the_o belly_n the_o long_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v black_a and_o elsewhere_o in_o the_o back_n tail_n neck_n and_o wing_n be_v spot_n of_o black_a the_o edge_n of_o the_o eyelid_n be_v tincture_v with_o a_o saffron-colour_n there_o be_v also_o something_o of_o brown_a and_o cinereous_a in_o the_o wing_n the_o foot_n want_v the_o back-toe_n unless_o the_o picture_n deceive_v i_o it_o build_v among_o shrub_n with_o moss_n and_o grass_n thus_o far_o gesner_n this_o bird_n if_o it_o be_v right_o describe_v of_o which_o we_o be_v very_o doubtful_a we_o have_v not_o yet_o see_v see_o viii_o *_o the_o wyn-kernel_n or_o gallinula_n ochra_fw-la of_o gesner_n aldrov_n lib._n 20._o cap._n 48._o i_o say_v gesner_n name_v this_o ochra_n from_o the_o greenish_a but_o sordid_a and_o dark_a colour_n of_o almost_o the_o wholebody_n more_o dusky_a on_o the_o upper_a side_n the_o head_n neck_n breast_n and_o wing_n be_v adorn_v with_o point_n and_o spot_n of_o white_a the_o tail_n be_v in_o part_n white_a the_o bill_n partly_o purple_a partly_o black_a the_o leg_n pale_a yellow_a §._o ix_o *_o the_o land-hen_n gallinula_n terrestris_fw-la of_o aldrovand_n perchance_o the_o land-rail_a we_o suspect_v this_o bird_n however_o gesner_n contradict_v it_o to_o be_v the_o land-rail_a or_o ortygometra_n of_o bellonius_fw-la however_o the_o toe_n in_o the_o figure_n be_v draw_v too_o too_o long_o but_o that_o the_o reader_n may_v satisfy_v himself_o whether_o or_o no_o we_o judge_v aright_o we_o shall_v here_o put_v down_o gesner_n description_n of_o it_o in_o the_o whole_a habit_n and_o fashion_n of_o its_o body_n it_o be_v very_o like_o the_o waterfowl_n if_o you_o except_o only_o the_o bill_n gesner_n have_v no_o greek_a or_o latin_a name_n for_o it_o it_o may_v say_v he_o be_v call_v runner_n trochilus_n terrestris_fw-la for_o there_o be_v also_o other_o water-trochili_a likewise_o of_o the_o hen-kind_n since_o it_o be_v of_o the_o same_o genus_fw-la common_a kind_n and_o run_v swift_o whence_o the_o grecian_n give_v it_o that_o name_n howbeit_o some_o do_v call_v that_o very_o small_a bird_n the_o regulus_n also_o by_o the_o name_n of_o trochilus_n this_o bird_n run_v very_o swift_o through_o shrub_n and_o sometime_o leap_v sideways_o it_o fly_v ill_a and_o with_o great_a difficulty_n raise_v itself_o from_o the_o ground_n up_o into_o the_o air._n so_o he_o and_o in_o his_o epitome_n again_o he_o name_v it_o the_o land-trochilus_a or_o land-rail_a to_o difference_n it_o from_o that_o which_o live_v about_o water_n and_o add_v that_o bellonius_fw-la his_o land-rail_a be_v another_o bird_n about_o the_o lago_n maggiore_fw-it so_o he_o go_v on_o some_o call_v it_o polle_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o a_o pullet_n or_o hen_n by_o a_o name_n too_o general_a the_o german_a fowler_n call_v it_o eggenschar_n heggeschar_n and_o hegesar_n because_o they_o run_v in_o company_n near_o hedge_n where_o they_o be_v find_v after_o hay-harvest_n for_o the_o german_n call_v a_o hedge_n hegga_n or_o haga_n and_o a_o flock_n or_o troup_n schara_n or_o perchance_o because_o they_o dig_v the_o earth_n about_o hedge_n for_o the_o word_n scharren_a with_o we_o signify_v to_o dig_v or_o scrape_v with_o the_o foot_n as_o hen_n be_v wont_a which_o whether_o or_o no_o these_o bird_n do_v be_v to_o i_o uncertain_a there_o be_v some_o who_o call_v it_o periphrastical_o ein_fw-ge gross_a wasser_n hunle_n that_o be_v a_o great_a water-hen_n this_o bird_n he_o thus_o brief_o describe_v it_o be_v thick_a and_o short-bodied_n and_o shape_v otherwise_o like_o its_o picture_n of_o which_o he_o there_o give_v a_o draught_n scarce_o any_o bird_n have_v long_a toe_n for_o its_o bigness_n the_o hind-toe_n also_o be_v about_o half_a as_o long_o as_o the_o fore_o one_o the_o colour_n i_o do_v not_o well_o remember_v but_o i_o think_v their_o leg_n be_v greenish_a the_o back_n and_o wing_n from_o a_o red_a colour_n incline_v to_o brown_a it_o be_v note_n as_o they_o say_v be_v harsh_a gerard_n she_o she_o something_o like_o a_o serpent_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v also_o take_v by_o fowler_n imitate_v its_o voice_n by_o a_o knife_n draw_v through_o dry_a wood_n but_o whereas_o he_o say_v that_o the_o english_a account_v it_o a_o very_a delicate_a bird_n use_v several_a snare_n and_o device_n to_o catch_v it_o among_o the_o stand_a corn_n he_o be_v certain_o deceive_v by_o a_o false_a relation_n for_o that_o england_n neither_o breed_v nor_o feed_v any_o such_o bird_n beside_o the_o land_n and_o water-rail_a §._o x._o the_o brasilian_n water-hen_n call_v jacana_n this_o most_o elegant_a bird_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o dove_n but_o have_v much_o long_a leg_n marggrave_n of_o a_o yellow_a colour_n mix_v with_o green_a the_o low_a leg_n be_v more_o than_o two_o inch_n long_o the_o upper_a for_o the_o great_a part_n bare_a as_o in_o water-bird_n a_o little_a less_o it_o have_v four_o toe_n in_o each_o foot_n the_o middle_a of_o those_o three_o which_o stand_v forward_o two_o inch_n long_o the_o other_o two_o a_o little_o short_a the_o four_o or_o back-toe_n a_o foot_n or_o more_o long_o all_o arm_a with_o yellow_a claw_n half_o a_o inch_n long_o it_o be_v tail_n be_v short_a like_o a_o waterhen_n the_o feather_n on_o the_o back_n wing_n and_o belly_n be_v mingle_v of_o green_a and_o black_a those_o under_o the_o tail_n white_a those_o near_o the_o neck_n and_o on_o the_o whole_a neck_n and_o breast_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o feather_n that_o be_v see_v on_o the_o neck_n of_o peacock_n and_o some_o pigeon_n it_o have_v a_o small_a head_n like_o a_o water-hen_n cover_v with_o a_o certain_a round_o membranous_a tegument_n of_o the_o colour_n of_o a_o turcois_fw-fr stone_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v straight_o like_o a_o hen_n above_o a_o inch_n long_o from_o the_o begin_n to_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o rare_a colour_n scarlet_a colour_n the_o remain_a part_n be_v of_o a_o excellent_a yellow_a wherewith_o something_o of_o green_a be_v mix_v it_o be_v very_o frequent_a every_o where_o in_o the_o fenny_a place_n or_o marish_a ground_n of_o brasil_n it_o be_v flesh_n be_v edible_a but_o not_o much_o value_v §._o xi_o the_o brasilian_n water-hen_n call_v aguapecaca_fw-la it_o be_v in_o bigness_n equal_a and_o in_o shape_n like_o to_o the_o precedent_n but_o different_a and_o inferior_a to_o it_o in_o colour_n its_o feather_n on_o the_o back_o be_v like_o those_o of_o the_o former_a the_o wing_n brown_a it_o want_v the_o cap_n or_o mitre_n on_o the_o head_n and_o have_v in_o each_o wing_n on_o the_o inside_n a_o straight_a horn_n or_o spur_n where_o with_o it_o defend_v itself_o §._o xii_o the_o three_o brasilian_n water-hen_n of_o marggrave_n it_o be_v for_o figure_n and_o bigness_n like_a and_o equal_a to_o the_o precedent_n but_o different_a in_o colour_n the_o whole_a head_n neck_n back_o and_o tail_n be_v black_a the_o beginning_n of_o the_o wing_n brown_a the_o remain_a part_n green_a the_o end_n of_o the_o quil-feather_n brown_a moreover_o the_o breast_n and_o low_a belly_n be_v of_o a_o brown_a colour_n as_o also_o the_o upper_a half_n of_o the_o upper_a leg_n the_o bill_n be_v straight_o of_o a_o saffron-colour_n with_o a_o red_a skin_n at_o its_o rise_n and_o on_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o head_n the_o leg_n be_v bare_a the_o foot_n ash-coloured_a
in_o the_o forepart_n of_o each_o wing_n it_o have_v the_o like_a horn_n or_o spur_n as_o the_o former_a of_o a_o yellow_a colour_n this_o be_v the_o bird_n avis_n cornuta_fw-la of_o nierembergius_n or_o rather_o hernandez_n which_o the_o indian_n say_v he_o call_v yohualcuachili_n or_o caput_fw-la nocturnum_fw-la §._o xiii_o the_o four_o brasilian_n water-hen_n of_o marggrave_n it_o be_v of_o the_o same_o figure_n or_o shape_n with_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v yellow_a it_o have_v a_o red_a skinny_a mitre_n or_o cap_n on_o its_o forehead_n near_o the_o rise_n of_o its_o bill_n it_o have_v also_o process_n extend_v down_o the_o side_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o turkey_n guiny_a hen_n it_o be_v whole_a head_n neck_n breast_n and_o low_a belly_n be_v cover_v with_o black_a feather_n the_o back_n tail_n and_o beginning_n of_o the_o wing_n with_o red_a or_o light_v brown_a the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o sea-green_a with_o black_a tip_n but_o they_o be_v cover_v with_o those_o red_n or_o russet_a one_o foremention_v and_o can_v be_v see_v unless_o when_o the_o bird_n fly_v its_o leg_n be_v long_o its_o toe_n also_o long_o each_o have_v swift_a four_o joint_n of_o a_o ash-colour_n each_o wing_n in_o the_o forepart_n have_v a_o very_a sharp_a horn_n or_o spur_n of_o a_o saffron_n colour_n §._o fourteen_o a_o water-hen_n call_v by_o the_o brasilian_n tamatia_n it_o have_v the_o bill_n of_o a_o sparrow-hawk_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o yassana_n asu_fw-la walk_v with_o a_o crooked_a back_o and_o crooked_a neck_n it_o have_v a_o great_a head_n great_a black_a eye_n situate_v near_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o bill_n a_o bill_n two_o inch_n long_o more_o than_o one_o broad_a like_o a_o duck_n indeed_o but_o acuminatum_fw-la sharp_a towards_o the_o tip_n it_o be_v upper_a part_n black_a its_o nether_a yellowish_a the_o upper_a leg_n be_v bare_a of_o feather_n and_o of_o a_o good_a length_n it_o have_v in_o each_o foot_n four_o toe_n three_o stand_v forward_o one_o backward_o long_o as_o in_o waterhen_n the_o leg_n and_o toe_n be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a green_a colour_n the_o tail_n very_o short_a not_o long_a than_o in_o the_o yassana_n it_o be_v head_n be_v cover_v with_o black_a feather_n the_o rest_n of_o its_o body_n with_o brown_a but_o in_o the_o belly_n some_o white_a feather_n be_v intermingle_v chap._n iii_o §._o i._o *_o of_o the_o porphyrio_n or_o purple_a water-hen_n this_o bird_n neither_o gesner_n nor_o aldrovandus_n nor_o we_o true_o have_v hitherto_o see_v but_o picture_n of_o it_o only_o it_o be_v if_o the_o picture_n deceive_v we_o not_o of_o the_o water-hen_n kind_n it_o be_v body_n be_v all_o over_o of_o a_o blue_a colour_n the_o extreme_a half_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v a_o whitish_a ash-colour_n the_o bill_n and_o leg_n of_o a_o shine_a purple_a so_o gesner_n describe_v it_o by_o a_o picture_n send_v he_o from_o montpellier_n aldrovandus_n describe_v it_o otherwise_o as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o book_n 20._o chap._n 28._o of_o his_o ornithology_n see_v therefore_o the_o picture_n of_o this_o bird_n do_v so_o much_o vary_v and_o none_o of_o those_o who_o have_v compile_v history_n of_o animal_n do_v profess_v themselves_o to_o have_v see_v the_o porphyrio_n we_o do_v sometime_o doubt_n whether_o there_o be_v any_o such_o bird_n in_o nature_n especial_o see_v some_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o the_o ancient_n attribute_v to_o it_o as_o for_o example_n that_o it_o have_v five_o toe_n in_o each_o foot_n be_v without_o doubt_n false_a and_o fabulous_a but_o because_o all_o the_o picture_n of_o it_o do_v agree_v in_o the_o figure_n of_o its_o bill_n leg_n and_o foot_n and_o indeed_o the_o whole_a body_n we_o have_v now_o change_v our_o mind_n and_o be_v more_o apt_a to_o believe_v the_o affirmative_a viz._n that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o porphyrio_n as_o they_o picture_n akin_a to_o the_o coat_n or_o waterhen_n let_v other_o who_o have_v the_o hap_n to_o see_v it_o describe_v it_o more_o exact_o and_o so_o remove_v all_o doubt_n and_o scruple_n concern_v this_o matter_n out_o of_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o learned_a and_o curious_a §._o ii_o *_o the_o quachilto_fw-mi or_o american_n porphyrio_n of_o nieremberg_n the_o quachilto_n do_v imitate_v the_o watch_n and_o crowing_n of_o a_o cock_n some_o call_v it_o yacacintli_n late_o at_o night_n and_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n it_o crow_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o cock_n it_o be_v of_o a_o dark_a purple_a colour_n with_o some_o white_a feather_n intermix_v the_o bill_n be_v pale_a at_o the_o beginning_n in_o the_o young_a bird_n the_o bald_a part_n at_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v red_a it_o be_v like_o a_o coot_n its_o leg_n be_v yellow_a incline_v to_o green_a end_v in_o four_o pale-coloured_n toe_n without_o any_o membrane_n the_o eye_n be_v black_a with_o a_o fulvous_a iris_n or_o circle_n about_o the_o pupil_n it_o be_v a_o marsh-bird_n feed_v upon_o fish_n itself_o be_v no_o unpleasant_a or_o ill-tasted_n meat_n chap._n iu._n 16._o aldrovand_v italian_n rail_v this_o rail_n as_o gesner_n describe_v it_o be_v more_o a_o water_n than_o a_o land_n fowl_n and_o at_o mestre_n a_o village_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o venice_n it_o be_v take_v not_o without_o great_a toil_n and_o expense_n viz._n in_o falcon_n or_o other_o hawk_n and_o a_o troup_n of_o servant_n who_o wear_v buskin_n or_o high-shoo_n do_v in_o the_o room_n of_o hunt_a dog_n wade_v up_o and_o down_o the_o shallow_a water_n thereabouts_o and_o put_v up_o those_o bird_n with_o certain_a club_n they_o carry_v shake_v and_o beat_v the_o shrub_n and_o bush_n where_o they_o lie_v that_o so_o they_o may_v afterward_o become_v a_o prey_n to_o the_o falcon_n that_o wait_v for_o they_o this_o be_v a_o very_a note_a bird_n in_o that_o city_n but_o in_o my_o judgement_n much_o inferior_a for_o taste_n both_o to_o a_o thrush_n and_o a_o quail_n aloysius_n mundella_n principal_a physician_n at_o brescia_n in_o his_o letter_n to_o i_o write_v thus_o this_o bird_n differ_v from_o our_o coot_n fulica_fw-la in_o that_o it_o have_v more_o white_a in_o the_o wing_n and_o about_o the_o eye_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v black_a its_o leg_n greenish_a it_o have_v no_o such_o dissect_a or_o scallope_v membrane_n between_o the_o toe_n no_o baldness_n on_o the_o head_n as_o far_o as_o i_o gather_v from_o the_o picture_n what_o bird_n this_o be_v and_o whether_o we_o have_v ever_o see_v it_o be_v so_o brief_o describe_v with_o a_o few_o and_o some_o of_o those_o negative_a note_n we_o can_v certain_o determine_v memb._n ii_o clovenfooted_n fin-toed_n bird_n of_o kin_n to_o the_o waterhen_n §._o i._o the_o coot_n fulica_fw-la it_o weigh_v twenty_o four_o ounce_n from_o bill-point_n to_o tail-end_n be_v sixteen_o inch_n long_o to_o the_o claw_n twenty_o two_o the_o bill_n be_v a_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a white_a with_o a_o light_a tincture_n of_o blue_a sharp-pointed_a a_o little_a compress_a or_o narrow_a both_o mandible_n equal_a the_o foot_n bluish_a or_o of_o a_o dusky_a green_a the_o back-toe_n little_a with_o one_o only_a membrane_n adhere_v and_o that_o not_o scallope_v but_o extend_v all_o the_o length_n of_o the_o toe_n the_o inner_a fore-toe_n be_v a_o little_o short_a than_o the_o outer_a all_o the_o toe_n long_o than_o in_o whole-footed_n bird_n about_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o toe_n be_v semicircular_a membrane_n appendant_a on_o the_o inner_a toe_n two_o the_o middle_a three_o the_o outer_a four_o these_o circular_a membrane_n be_v big_a and_o more_o distinct_a on_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o toe_n so_o that_o the_o intermediate_v incisure_n or_o nick_n reach_v to_o the_o very_a joint_n this_o may_v be_v thus_o brief_o express_v the_o three_o fore-toe_n have_v lateral_a membrane_n on_o each_o side_n scallope_v the_o inner_a with_o two_o the_o middle_a toe_n with_o three_o and_o the_o outer_a with_o four_o scallop_n from_o the_o bill_n almost_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n arise_v a_o excrescency_n or_o lobe_n of_o flesh_n bare_a of_o feather_n soft_a smooth_a round_a which_o they_o call_v the_o calvity_n baldness_n the_o feather_n about_o the_o head_n and_o neck_n be_v low_a soft_a and_o thick_a the_o colour_n all_o over_o the_o body_n black_a deep_a about_o the_o head_n the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o lead-colour_n the_o thigh_n cover_v with_o feather_n almost_o down_o to_o the_o knee_n just_o beneath_o the_o feather_n be_v a_o ring_n of_o yellow_a about_o the_o leg._n the_o first_o ten_o quil-feather_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a dusky_a or_o black_a colour_n the_o eight_o next_o light_a with_o white_a tip_n the_o last_o or_o next_o the_o body_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a black_a the_o tail_n consist_v of_o twelve_o feather_n and_o be_v two_o inch_n long_o the_o liver_n
eleven_o be_v white_a the_o tail_n be_v three_o inch_n long_o consist_v of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o exterior_a short_a by_o degree_n than_o the_o interior_a the_o excess_n of_o the_o two_o middlemost_a above_o the_o next_o they_o be_v great_a than_o that_o of_o the_o rest_n the_o bill_n from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v two_o inch_n long_o of_o a_o deep_a black_a narrow_a or_o compress_a sideway_n a_o little_a beyond_o the_o nostril_n in_o the_o upper_a mandible_a there_o be_v engrave_v a_o furrow_n or_o incision_n deep_o than_o that_o in_o the_o coulter-neb_n as_o far_o as_o this_o groove_v the_o bill_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o thick_a short_a soft_a down_o like_o the_o nap_n of_o velvet_n the_o upper_a chap_n be_v crooked_a at_o the_o end_n concave_a and_o overhang_v the_o low_a both_o be_v of_o equal_a length_n channel_v with_o two_o transverse_a furrow_n or_o groove_v the_o upper_a for_o the_o most_o part_n with_o three_o that_o next_o the_o head_n which_o be_v the_o wide_a and_o almost_o cross_v the_o whole_a bill_n be_v white_a in_o these_o furrow_n there_o be_v some_o diversity_n in_o several_a bird_n for_o some_o have_v more_o than_o two_o yet_o be_v the_o white_a line_n like_a and_o equal_a in_o all_o beside_o from_o each_o eye_n to_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o upper_a mandible_a be_v a_o narrow_a white_a line_n draw_v the_o mouth_n within_o be_v of_o a_o lovely_a yellow_a the_o eye_n hazel-coloured_n the_o leg_n be_v situate_a as_o in_o the_o penguin_n and_o coulterneb_n of_o a_o black_a colour_n as_o be_v also_o the_o foot_n and_o claw_n it_o want_v the_o back-toe_n it_o lay_v sit_v and_o breed_v up_o its_o young_a on_o the_o ledge_n of_o the_o craggy_a cliff_n and_o steep_a rock_n by_o the_o seashore_n that_o be_v break_v and_o divide_v into_o many_o as_o it_o be_v stair_n or_o shelf_n together_o with_o the_o coulterneb_n and_o guillemot_n the_o mank_n man_n be_v wont_a to_o compare_v these_o rock_n with_o the_o bird_n sit_v upon_o they_o in_o breed_v time_n to_o a_o apothecary_n shop_n the_o ledge_n of_o the_o rock_n resemble_v the_o shelf_n and_o the_o bird_n the_o pot_n about_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n be_v very_o high_a cliff_n break_v in_o this_o manner_n into_o many_o ledge_n one_o above_o another_o from_o top_n to_o bottom_n they_o be_v wont_n to_o let_v down_o man_n by_o rope_n from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o cliff_n to_o take_v away_o the_o egg_n and_o young_a one_o they_o take_v also_o the_o bird_n themselves_o when_o they_o be_v sit_v upon_o their_o egg_n with_o snare_n fasten_v to_o the_o top_n of_o long_a pole_n and_o so_o put_v about_o their_o neck_n they_o build_v no_o nest_n but_o lay_v their_o egg_n upon_o the_o bare_a rock_n they_o fetch_v many_o circuit_n in_o get_v up_o to_o their_o nest_n and_o if_o they_o have_v not_o aim_v right_o and_o so_o miss_v of_o they_o they_o drop_v down_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o ascend_v up_o again_o by_o degree_n all_o the_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n 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its_o bigness_n even_o big_a than_o hen_n or_o duck_n of_o a_o red_a or_o sandy_a colour_n much_o sharp_a at_o one_o end_n than_o hen_n egg_n and_o blunt_a at_o the_o other_o in_o the_o island_n of_o man_n bardsey_n caldey_n farn_n godreve_n sillies_n and_o other_o small_a desert_n islet_n near_o the_o seashore_n they_o breed_v yearly_a in_o great_a number_n and_o not_o only_o in_o island_n but_o also_o on_o rock_n and_o cliff_n by_o the_o seaside_n about_o scarborough_n tenby_n and_o elsewhere_o in_o the_o summer_n time_n they_o abide_v in_o the_o place_n mention_v be_v busy_a in_o breed_v and_o feed_v their_o young_a in_o the_o begin_n of_o autumn_n they_o fly_v away_o return_v again_o the_o next_o spring_n whither_o they_o fly_v and_o where_o they_o spend_v their_o winter_n we_o know_v not_o it_o be_v report_v that_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o march_n or_o beginning_n of_o april_n there_o come_v over_o first_o some_o spy_n or_o harbinger_n which_o stay_v some_o two_o or_o 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ii_o whole-footed_n bird_n with_o four_o fore-toe_n or_o four_o toe_n all_o webed_n together_o chap._n 1._o the_o pelecan_n onocrotalus_n sive_fw-la pelecanus_n aldrov_n the_o length_n of_o this_o bird_n from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o foot_n or_o of_o the_o tail_n be_v sixty_o inch_n of_o the_o bill_n itself_o from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n fourteen_o the_o space_n between_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o bill_n be_v feather_n naked_a its_o feather_n be_v almost_o like_o a_o goose_n those_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n long_o than_o the_o rest_n stand_v up_o like_o a_o crest_n the_o colour_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n white_a yet_o the_o neck_n be_v yellowish_a the_o shaft_n of_o the_o
of_o aldrovand_n lib._n 19_o cap._n 52._o both_o mandible_n of_o the_o bill_n where_o it_o join_v to_o the_o head_n be_v tincture_v with_o a_o saffron-colour_n the_o head_n be_v black_a on_o the_o crown_n beneath_o cinercous_a which_o colour_n meet_v near_o the_o end_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o be_v yellow_a from_o the_o back_n of_o the_o head_n hang_v down_o a_o tuft_n of_o black_a feather_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v also_o black_a the_o remain_a part_n of_o a_o middle_a colour_n between_o rusty_a ferrugineous_a and_o rose_n the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o whitish_a ash-colour_n the_o back_n and_o wing_n black_a but_o of_o these_o the_o ridge_n and_o extreme_n be_v white_a it_o have_v no_o tail_n at_o all_o the_o rump_n from_o cinereous_a be_v black_a the_o leg_n foot_n and_o claw_n be_v of_o the_o same_o make_v and_o shape_n as_o in_o the_o former_a §._o iii_o of_o the_o water-hare_n or_o crest_a mexican_n doucker_n of_o hernandez_n that_o kind_n of_o duck_n so_o he_o call_v it_o which_o aristotle_n call_v colymbus_n but_o gaza_n render_v urinatrix_n the_o mexican_n be_v wont_a to_o call_v acitli_n or_o the_o water-hare_n this_o will_v be_v altogether_o the_o same_o with_o that_o describe_v and_o delineate_v by_o some_o of_o the_o late_a writer_n be_v not_o the_o head_n adorn_v with_o a_o great_a and_o black_a crest_n the_o belly_n of_o a_o shine_a silver_n colour_n and_o the_o neck_n beneath_o of_o a_o pure_a white_a above_z of_o a_o dark_a brown_a it_o frequent_v lake_n either_o swim_n in_o the_o water_n or_o abide_n near_o it_o for_o it_o can_v neither_o fly_v nor_o convenient_o walk_v on_o the_o land_n its_o thigh_n be_v so_o join_v and_o as_o it_o be_v together_o unite_v to_o the_o body_n that_o they_o serve_v only_o for_o swim_v not_o for_o walk_v it_o feed_v upon_o the_o fish_n it_o catch_v and_o they_o be_v its_o sustenance_n it_o breed_v up_o its_o young_a among_o rush_n and_o reed_n and_o exceed_v not_o the_o bigness_n 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flesh_n be_v not_o pleasant_a nor_o very_o wholesome_a like_o that_o of_o other_o fenny_a bird_n and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v use_v for_o food_n by_o any_o one_o of_o a_o critical_a palate_n between_o this_o and_o the_o precedent_n doucker_n there_o be_v so_o little_a difference_n that_o i_o scarce_o doubt_v but_o they_o be_v the_o same_o §._o iv._o the_o grey_a or_o ash-coloured_a loon_n of_o dr._n brown_n this_o bird_n differ_v from_o the_o common_a doucker_n as_o well_o crest_v as_o not_o crest_v in_o the_o grey_a colour_n of_o its_o body_n be_v much_o rare_a with_o we_o the_o picture_n represent_v the_o feather_n on_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n stand_v up_o in_o form_n of_o a_o crest_n or_o toppin_n §._o v._o the_o great_a crest_v and_o horn_a doucker_n it_o be_v something_o less_o than_o that_o describe_v in_o the_o first_o place_n but_o have_v a_o thick_a and_o long_a bill_n approach_v to_o a_o ferrugineous_a colour_n it_o be_v both_o crest_a and_o horn_a have_v long_a feather_n stand_v out_o about_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n black_a above_o and_o red_a on_o the_o side_n the_o chin_n and_o space_n about_o the_o eye_n be_v white_a bound_v with_o red_a the_o neck_n be_v not_o so_o long_o as_o in_o the_o first_o kind_n the_o upper_a or_o backside_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v partly_o blackish_a and_o partly_o show_v something_o of_o red_a the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v almost_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o spot_n we_o mention_v encompass_v the_o eye_n viz._n white_a with_o a_o mixture_n of_o red_a on_o the_o back_o some_o long_a downy_a feather_n of_o a_o cinereous_a and_o a_o red_a colour_n be_v mingle_v with_o the_o black_a one_o the_o wing_n be_v long_o in_o proportion_n than_o in_o the_o first_o their_o ridge_n and_o almost_o all_o their_o quil-feather_n be_v whitish_a else_o of_o a_o sooty_a colour_n in_o the_o bird_n we_o see_v the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o dusky_a or_o brown_a colour_n but_o the_o lesser_a quil-feather_n be_v white_a as_o also_o those_o small_a feather_n on_o the_o base_a or_o ridge_n of_o the_o wing_n the_o leg_n be_v not_o situate_a so_o backward_o as_o in_o the_o first_o §._o vi_o the_o didapper_n or_o dipper_n or_o dobchick_n or_o small_a doucker_n loon_n or_o arsfoot_n colymbus_n five_o podicipe_n minor_a for_o the_o shape_n of_o its_o body_n it_o be_v like_a to_o a_o teal_n but_o lesser_a by_o almost_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o six_o ounce_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o claw_n ten_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n distend_v sixteen_o broad_a it_o be_v bill_n from_o the_o point_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v one_o inch_n straight_o sharp_a almost_o like_o a_o thrush_n bill_n thick_a at_o the_o head_n and_o lessen_v by_o degree_n to_o the_o point_n the_o upper_a chap_n black_a except_v only_o its_o very_a tip_n and_o side_n which_o be_v of_o a_o 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outmost_a be_v of_o a_o mouse-dun_a or_o black_a brown_a the_o interior_a to_o the_o twenty_o third_n particoloured_a the_o outer_a web_n be_v dusky_a the_o inner_a partly_o white_a the_o white_a part_n be_v in_o the_o near_o to_o the_o body_n broad_a in_o the_o more_o remote_a feather_n narrow_a as_o for_o the_o lesser_a row_n of_o wing-feather_n those_o above_o be_v black_a those_z beneath_z white_z it_o have_v no_o tail_n at_o all_o but_o yet_o have_v the_o rump-glandules_a though_o lesser_a than_o ordinary_a out_o of_o which_o also_o spring_v a_o brush_n or_o tuft_n of_o feather_n as_o in_o other_o bird_n the_o leg_n be_v situate_a very_o backward_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o body_n make_v rather_o for_o swim_v than_o walk_v so_o that_o it_o can_v walk_v but_o with_o the_o body_n erect_v almost_o perpendicular_o compress_a or_o flat_a of_o a_o sordid_a green_a colour_n serrate_v behind_o with_o a_o double_a row_n of_o asperity_n the_o sol_n of_o the_o foot_n be_v black_a the_o foot_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o broad_a toe_n finned_a on_o each_o side_n with_o lateral_a membrane_n have_v thin_a broad_a blunt_a claw_n like_o humane_a nail_n yet_o be_v the_o toe_n join_v together_o by_o intervening_a membrane_n from_o the_o divarication_n to_o the_o first_o joint_n it_o have_v also_o a_o small_a back-toe_n finned_a in_o like_a manner_n on_o each_o side_n two_o blind_a gut_n of_o a_o moderate_a length_n no_o labyrinth_n on_o the_o windpipe_n a_o membranaceous_a stomach_n strong_a musculous_a thigh_n by_o the_o help_n whereof_o it_o swim_v very_o swift_o dive_v down_o to_o the_o bottom_n and_o rise_v again_o at_o pleasure_n from_o the_o make_n and_o conformation_n of_o its_o part_n it_o move_v with_o more_o
ease_n and_o expedition_n under_o water_n than_o either_o upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n or_o upon_o the_o land_n so_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v rise_v above_o water_n it_o hold_v up_o its_o head_n look_v about_o it_o and_o with_o wonderful_a celerity_n plunge_v itself_o under_o water_n again_o it_o can_v hardly_o raise_v itself_o up_o out_o of_o the_o water_n but_o when_o it_o be_v once_o get_v upon_o the_o wing_n it_o can_v hold_v out_o fly_v a_o long_a time_n the_o stomach_n of_o that_o we_o dissect_v be_v full_a of_o grass_n and_o weed_n bellonius_fw-la say_v that_o it_o feed_v most_o willing_o upon_o fish_n be_v roast_v it_o smell_v very_o strong_a both_o gesner_n and_o aldrovand_n describe_v two_o kind_n of_o small_a doucker_n but_o they_o differ_v so_o little_a one_o from_o the_o other_o that_o i_o suppose_v the_o diversity_n be_v rather_o in_o age_n or_o sex_n than_o in_o species_n chap._n iii_o whole-footed_n doucker_n with_o tail_n §._o i._o the_o great_a speckled_a diver_n or_o loon_n colymbus_n maximus_fw-la caudatus_fw-la mergus_n max._n farrensis_n five_o arcticus_n clus_o this_o be_v a_o singular_a kind_n of_o bird_n and_o as_o it_o be_v of_o a_o middle_a nature_n between_o whole-footed_n bird_n with_o four_o fore-toe_n and_o with_o three_o in_o bigness_n it_o exceed_v a_o tame_a duck_n come_v near_o to_o a_o goose_n it_o be_v long-bodied_n have_v a_o round_a tail_n and_o a_o small_a head_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n next_o to_o the_o head_n be_v cover_v with_o feather_n so_o thick_o set_v that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v big_a than_o the_o very_a head_n itself_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o upper_a part_n viz._n the_o neck_n shoulder_n covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o whole_a back_o be_v a_o dark_a grey_a or_o dusky_a point_a or_o speckle_v with_o white_a spot_n thin_a set_v on_o the_o neck_n and_o thick_a on_o the_o back_n these_o white_a spot_n be_v big_a upon_o the_o long_a scapular_a feather_n and_o covert_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o small_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_n the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v white_a in_o a_o bird_n i_o see_v that_o be_v kill_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o jarsey_n the_o head_n be_v black_a and_o also_o the_o neck_n which_o have_v a_o white_a or_o rather_o grey_a ring_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o inch_n or_o inch_n and_o half_a broad_a consist_v of_o abundance_n of_o small_a white_a speck_n we_o count_v in_o the_o two_o outmost_a joint_a joint_n of_o each_o wing_n thirty_o quil-feather_n but_o they_o be_v short_a all_o black_a or_o of_o a_o dark_a brown_a it_o have_v a_o very_a short_a tail_n of_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o duck_n make_v up_o of_o at_o least_o twenty_o feather_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v straight_o sharp_a like_o that_o of_o the_o guillem_n almost_o three_o inch_n long_o the_o upper_a mandible_a black_a or_o livid_n cover_v with_o feather_n to_o the_o very_a nostril_n reflect_v a_o little_a upward_o the_o nether_a be_v white_a the_o nostril_n be_v divide_v in_o the_o middle_n by_o a_o skin_n hang_v down_o from_o above_o it_o be_v whole-footed_n and_o have_v very_o long_a fore-toe_n especial_o the_o outmost_a the_o back-toe_n be_v very_o short_a and_o little_a its_o leg_n be_v of_o a_o mean_a length_n but_o flat_a and_o broad_a like_o the_o end_n of_o oar_n the_o exterior_a surface_n be_v brown_a or_o black_a the_o interior_a livid_n or_o pale-blue_a the_o claw_n broad_a like_o the_o nail_n of_o a_o man_n the_o leg_n in_o this_o bird_n be_v situate_a almost_o in_o the_o same_o plain_a with_o the_o back_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v able_a to_o walk_v unless_o erect_v perpendicular_o upon_o the_o tail_n it_o have_v no_o labyrinth_n upon_o the_o windpipe_n the_o liver_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o lobe_n and_o have_v a_o bladder_n to_o contain_v gall_n above_o the_o stomach_n the_o gullet_n be_v dilate_v into_o a_o kind_n of_o craw_n the_o interior_a surface_n whereof_o be_v granulate_v with_o certain_a papillary_n glandule_n the_o throat_n be_v vast_a loose_a and_o dilatable_a the_o gut_n large_a especial_o towards_o the_o stomach_n the_o stomach_n less_o fleshy_a and_o musculous_a than_o in_o granivorous_a bird_n the_o bird_n describe_v be_v shoot_v on_o the_o river_n tame_n in_o warwickshire_n i_o have_v see_v four_o of_o they_o 1._o one_o at_o venice_n in_o italy_n 2._o one_o in_o yorkshire_n at_o dr._n hewleys_n shoot_v near_o cawood_n 3._o a_o three_o in_o the_o repository_n of_o the_o royal_a society_n 4._o a_o four_o in_o the_o house_n of_o my_o honour_a friend_n mr._n richard_n darley_n in_o london_n take_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o jarsey_n they_o differ_v something_o one_o from_o another_o in_o colour_n for_o some_o of_o they_o have_v a_o ring_n about_o their_o neck_n their_o back_n neck_n and_o head_n black_a and_o paint_v with_o little_a white_a line_n other_o want_v the_o ring_n and_o have_v the_o upper_a side_n of_o their_o body_n more_o ash-coloured_a or_o grey_a vary_v with_o white_a speck_n and_o not_o line_n perchance_o these_o be_v the_o hen_n those_o the_o cock_n §._o ii_o *_o gesner_n great_a doucker_n colymbus_n maximus_fw-la gesneri_fw-la in_o the_o lake_n of_o constance_n i_o hear_v there_o be_v take_v though_o but_o seldom_o a_o certain_a bird_n congenerous_a to_o the_o aforesaid_a but_o big_a than_o a_o goose_n call_v fluder_n from_o its_o uncouth_a flutter_a motion_n on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n for_o that_o it_o can_v neither_o fly_v well_o nor_o walk_v convenient_o unless_o it_o lean_v both_o upon_o foot_n and_o wing_n as_o do_v also_o the_o other_o doucker_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o position_n of_o the_o leg_n so_o turn_v backward_o that_o it_o have_v a_o long_a sharp_a bill_n a_o loud_a shrill_a cry_n of_o a_o singular_a kind_n that_o it_o dive_v exceed_o deep_a so_o that_o it_o be_v sometime_o take_v twenty_o yard_n deep_a under_o water_n viz._n with_o a_o net_n or_o a_o iron-hook_n bait_v with_o a_o fish_n that_o they_o be_v common_o sell_v for_o two_o drachm_n and_o a_o half_a of_o silver_n a_o piece_n leonard_n baltner_n a_o fisherman_n of_o strasburgh_n describe_v this_o bird_n thus_o in_o bigness_n it_o equal_v a_o goose_n its_o length_n from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o toe_n be_v one_o strasburgh_n yard_n and_o a_o half_a it_o be_v bill_n from_o the_o point_n to_o the_o eye_n be_v five_o inch_n long_o the_o leg_n from_o the_o claw_n to_o the_o feather_n that_o be_v the_o bare_a part_n ten_o inch_n the_o space_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v two_o yard_n and_o a_o quarter_n the_o stomach_n small_a it_o feed_v upon_o fish_n the_o bill_n sharp_a the_o foot_n broad_a the_o toe_n webed_n together_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o body_n be_v cinereous_a and_o black_a the_o under-side_n white_a the_o tail_n three_o inch_n long_o it_o dive_v very_o far_o a_o pistol-shot_n before_o it_o rise_v again_o it_o be_v flesh_n be_v commend_v for_o good_a meat_n and_o be_v of_o no_o unpleasant_a taste_n this_o bird_n if_o it_o be_v different_a from_o the_o above_o describe_v be_v i_o confess_v hitherto_o to_o i_o unknown_a mr._n johnson_n in_o his_o paper_n send_v we_o write_v that_o he_o have_v see_v a_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n without_o any_o spot_n in_o its_o back_n or_o wing_n but_o yet_o think_v it_o not_o to_o differ_v specifical_o but_o accidental_o §._o iii_o *_o wormius_n his_o northern_a doucker_n call_v lumme_n it_o be_v common_a among_o the_o norwegian_n and_o islander_n who_o in_o their_o own_o country_n language_n call_v it_o they_o lumme_n carolus_n clusius_n mention_n it_o in_o his_o auctarium_fw-la pag._n 367._o it_o be_v a_o elegant_a bird_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o duck_n with_o a_o black_a sharp_a bill_n two_o inch_n long_o it_o be_v head_n and_o neck_n be_v cover_v with_o grey_a cinereous_a feather_n end_v in_o a_o sharp_a point_n as_o if_o it_o have_v a_o monk_n hood_n on_o its_o back_n it_o be_v back_o and_o wing_n be_v black_a sprinkle_v over_o with_o square_a spot_n of_o white_a which_o yet_o be_v big_a on_o the_o back_n than_o the_o wing_n under_o the_o neck_n be_v a_o square_n oblong_o black_a spot_n like_o to_o a_o shield_n five_o inch_n long_o and_o two_o broad_a compass_v on_o all_o side_n with_o feather_n variegated_a of_o black_a and_o white_a as_o with_o a_o fringe_n girdle_n the_o whole_a belly_n and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v white_a the_o leg_n be_v stretch_v forth_o beside_o the_o tail_n as_o if_o they_o grow_v out_o of_o the_o vent_n fit_v not_o so_o much_o for_o walk_v as_o for_o swim_v not_o slender_a but_o flat_a and_o broad_a each_o foot_n have_v three_o toe_n that_o be_v black_a and_o join_v together_o with_o black_a
spot_v in_o the_o middle_n with_o brown_a the_o chin_n be_v white_a each_o wing_n have_v thirty_o quil-feather_n all_o black_a the_o tip_n of_o the_o lesser_a row_n of_o wing-feather_n in_o some_o be_v black_a in_o some_o cinereous_a the_o tail_n be_v six_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a consist_v of_o a_o dozen_o feather_n the_o outmost_a tip_n of_o which_o be_v white_a then_o succeed_v a_o cross_a bed_n or_o bar_v of_o black_a of_o about_o two_o inch_n broad_a the_o low_a part_n be_v vary_v with_o transverse_a bar_n of_o white_a and_o black_a the_o white_a also_o spot_v with_o black_a the_o bill_n be_v almost_o three_o inch_n long_o all_o black_a the_o upper_a chap_n bend_v a_o little_a downward_o and_o as_o it_o be_v hook_v the_o low_a between_o the_o angle_n and_o the_o tip_n underneath_o bunch_n out_o into_o a_o knob_v the_o nostril_n oblong_v the_o eye_n grey_a the_o neck_n short_a the_o head_n great_a which_o in_o walk_v or_o stand_v still_o it_o always_o draw_v down_o to_o its_o shoulder_n as_o do_v also_o other_o gull_n so_o that_o one_o will_v think_v they_o have_v no_o neck_n of_o a_o whitish_a grey_a colour_n its_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v white_a or_o white_a with_o a_o little_a duskishness_n the_o hind-toe_n small_a the_o claw_n black_a that_o of_o the_o middle_a toe_n sharp_a on_o the_o inside_n it_o have_v a_o huge_a liver_n divide_v in_o two_o a_o gall_n annex_v to_o the_o right_a lobe_n the_o stomach_n more_o musculous_a than_o in_o carnivorous_a bird_n the_o blind_a gut_n short_a and_o little_a yet_o turgid_a and_o full_a of_o excrement_n the_o cornish_a man_n relate_v to_o we_o for_o a_o certain_a truth_n that_o this_o bird_n be_v wont_a to_o persecute_v and_o terrify_v the_o sea-swallow_n and_o other_o small_a gull_n so_o long_o till_o they_o mute_a for_o fear_n and_o then_o catch_v their_o excrement_n before_o they_o fall_v into_o the_o water_n and_o greedy_o devour_v they_o as_o a_o great_a dainty_a this_o some_o of_o they_o affirm_v themselves_o to_o have_v see_v the_o larus_n albo-cinereus_a torque_fw-la cinereo_fw-la of_o aldrovand_n be_v very_o like_a to_o if_o not_o the_o same_o with_o this_o on_o the_o breast_n and_o belly_n it_o be_v of_o a_o colour_n from_o white_a incline_n to_o cinereous_a as_o also_o on_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o wing_n it_o have_v a_o very_a great_a head_n encompass_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o ash-coloured_a wreath_n which_o yet_o reach_v not_o to_o the_o neck_n behind_o but_o turn_v up_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o crown_n along_o the_o neck_n and_o back_o it_o decline_v from_o grey_a to_o blue_a the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o colour_n mix_v of_o white_a and_o cinereous_a the_o long_a quil-feather_n be_v black_a reach_v a_o inch_n further_o than_o the_o tail_n the_o tail_n be_v ash-coloured_a and_o black_a at_o the_o end_n the_o leg_n bill_n and_o eye_n red_a yet_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n black_a §._o iv._o the_o winter-mew_a call_v in_o cambridge-shire_n the_o coddy-moddy_a larus_n fuscus_fw-la five_o hybernus_fw-la it_o weigh_v well_o nigh_o seventeen_o ounce_n in_o length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o claw_n or_o tail_n it_o be_v by_o measure_n eighteen_o inch_n and_o better_a the_o extreme_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v be_v forty_o five_o inch_n distant_a the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o throat_n about_o the_o craw_n be_v a_o little_a dusky_a else_o the_o under-side_n of_o the_o body_n be_v all_o white_a the_o head_n be_v white_a spot_v with_o brown_a the_o neck_n brown_a the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_o cinereous_a the_o long_a scapular_a feather_n vary_v with_o brown_a spot_n the_o rump_n be_v white_a the_o tail_n more_o than_o five_o inch_n long_o make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o extreme_a tip_n of_o the_o tail-feather_n be_v white_a then_o succeed_v a_o black_a bar_n a_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a broad_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v white_a the_o outmost_a quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a brown_a or_o black_a colour_n the_o second_o ash-coloured_a on_o the_o inner_a side_n in_o the_o follow_v the_o black_a part_n be_v lessen_v by_o degree_n till_o in_o the_o six_o and_o seven_o the_o tip_n only_o remain_v black_a the_o tip_n of_o the_o eight_o and_o all_o the_o follow_a be_v white_a the_o eleven_o feather_n be_v whole_o cinereous_a yet_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o shaft_n not_o far_o from_o the_o tip_n dark_a in_o the_o two_o next_o be_v a_o brown_a spot_n the_o succeed_a have_v also_o their_o exterior_a edge_n black_a in_o the_o twenty_o three_o the_o blackness_n disappear_v again_o so_o that_o the_o twenty_o four_o and_o twenty_o five_o be_v whole_o cinereous_a of_o the_o last_o or_o those_o next_o the_o body_n the_o one_o half_a be_v black_a the_o lesser_a covert-feather_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o mix_a colour_n of_o cinereous_a and_o black_a those_o on_o the_o underside_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v white_a the_o bill_n be_v more_o than_o two_o inch_n long_o from_o the_o nostril_n to_o the_o end_n whitish_a the_o upper_a mandible_a long_o and_o crooked_a the_o nether_a underneath_o bunch_n out_o into_o a_o angle_n or_o knob_v as_o in_o other_o great_a gull_n the_o tongue_n white_a cleave_a reach_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o bill_n the_o eye_n hazel-coloured_n and_o furnish_v with_o nictate_v membrane_n the_o ear_n great_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n of_o a_o dusky_a or_o greenish_a white_a the_o back-toe_n little_a arm_v with_o a_o small_a claw_n the_o inner_a fore-toe_n the_o least_o the_o claw_n black_a that_o of_o the_o middle_a toe_n sharp_a on_o the_o inner_a side_n the_o gut_n be_v long_v twenty_o eight_o inch_n have_v many_o spiral_n revolution_n the_o stomach_n musculous_a the_o liver_n divide_v into_o two_o lobe_n the_o gallbladder_n large_a it_o frequent_v moist_a meadow_n fen_n and_o river_n and_o sometime_o plough_v land_n too_o many_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n this_o bird_n in_o many_o thing_n come_v near_o to_o the_o larus_n major_n of_o 4._o aldrovand_n but_o differ_v from_o it_o in_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o eye_n bill_n and_o foot_n the_o bill_n and_o foot_n in_o aldrovands_n bird_n be_v yellow_a but_o the_o description_n of_o this_o great_a gull_n larus_n major_n in_o aldrovand_n answer_v exact_o to_o that_o bird_n which_o leonard_n baltner_n have_v paint_v under_o the_o title_n of_o ein_fw-mi winder-meb_a wherefore_o we_o will_v here_o subjoin_v his_o description_n §._o v._o *_o the_o larus_n major_a greater_n gull_n of_o aldrovand_n call_v by_o leonard_n baltner_n ein_fw-mi winder-meb_a that_o be_v a_o winter_n mew_o from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n it_o be_v almost_o two_o span_n long_o have_v a_o very_a great_a and_o thick_a head_n particoloured_a of_o white_a and_o cinereous_a also_o a_o large_a full_a breast_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n but_o more_o dilute_a especial_o towards_o the_o low_a belly_n a_o thick_a yellowish_a bill_n black_a at_o the_o tip_n and_o very_o sharp_a in_o the_o upper_a chap_n whereof_o be_v long_a nostril_n it_o gape_v very_o wide_a the_o pupil_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v black_a the_o iris_n yellow_a or_o shine_v like_o gold_n the_o yellow_a be_v encompass_v with_o a_o circle_n of_o black_a the_o black_a with_o a_o white_a and_o last_o the_o white_a with_o a_o grey_a or_o ash-colour_n the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o colour_n mingle_v of_o white_a cinereous_a grey_a and_o brown_a or_o chestnut_n to_o the_o quill_n which_o on_o the_o outside_n be_v dusky_a or_o blackish_a on_o the_o inside_n for_o the_o most_o part_n cinereous_a and_o beyond_o exceed_v the_o tail_n by_o a_o hand-breadth_n the_o long_a of_o they_o be_v more_o than_o a_o span_n the_o tail_n itself_o be_v four_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a and_o better_a all_o cinereous_a except_o a_o cross_a bar_n or_o border_n of_o black_a near_o the_o end_n of_o more_o than_o a_o inch_n broad_a the_o thigh_n be_v cinereous_a and_o near_o the_o leg_n bare_a of_o feather_n the_o leg_n of_o a_o good_a length_n and_o slender_a as_o become_v a_o light_a bird_n of_o a_o pale_a yellow_a colour_n the_o foot_n toe_n and_o intervening_a membrane_n also_o yellow_a the_o claw_n black_a short_a and_o crooked_a the_o back-toe_n conspicuous_a enough_o arm_v also_o with_o a_o claw_n §._o vi_o *_o baltners_n great_a grey_a sea-mew_a the_o same_o perchance_o with_o we_o describe_v in_o the_o three_o place_n from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n it_o be_v 1⅛_n of_o a_o sirasburgh_n ell_n long_o between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v two_o ell_n broad_a it_o weigh_v scarce_o a_o pound_n the_o length_n of_o its_o foot_n from_o the_o feather_n
body_n very_o like_o it_o and_o not_o much_o different_a in_o colour_n it_o be_v head_n neck_n back_o general_o its_o whole_a upper_a side_n except_v the_o feather_n incumbent_a on_o the_o tail_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a grey_a or_o brown_a yet_o the_o uppermost_a covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v pale_a the_o second_o three_o and_o four_o row_n of_o wing_n feather_n and_o likewise_o the_o scapular_a one_o have_v white_a edge_n about_o their_o tip_n the_o feather_n also_o next_o the_o tail_n be_v pure_o white_a the_o quill_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v twenty_o seven_o in_o number_n of_o a_o dark_a brown_a almost_o black_a the_o tail_n be_v six_o inch_n long_o compose_v of_o eighteen_o black_a feather_n have_v their_o tip_n and_o exterior_a edge_n white_a the_o colour_n of_o the_o underside_n of_o the_o body_n be_v a_o light_n grey_a by_o degree_n light_a from_o the_o head_n to_o the_o tail_n whereunder_o it_o be_v perfect_o white_a the_o bill_n be_v more_o than_o two_o inch_n long_o from_o the_o head_n almost_o half_a way_n black_a then_o of_o a_o saffron_n colour_n the_o tip_n again_o be_v black_a the_o upper_a mandible_a all_o along_o be_v tooth_v or_o indent_v with_o many_o row_n of_o small_a tooth_n the_o nether_a only_o with_o one_o row_n on_o each_o side_n the_o tongue_n also_o have_v on_o either_o side_n a_o row_n of_o tooth_n in_o its_o border_a membrane_n its_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o saffron_n colour_n its_o claw_n black_a or_o livid_n under_o each_o eye_n be_v a_o whitish_a line_n that_o we_o describe_v weigh_v seven_o pound_n and_o a_o quarter_n §._o iii_o the_o bernacle_n or_o clakis_n bernicla_fw-la seu_fw-la bernacla_fw-la it_o be_v lesser_a than_o a_o tame_a goose_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o claw_n or_o tail_n for_o they_o be_v equal_o extend_v be_v thirty_o one_o inch_n it_o be_v bill_n black_a much_o lesser_a and_o short_a than_o a_o goose_n from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n scarce_o a_o inch_n and_o half_a the_o chin_n cheek_n and_o what_o of_o the_o forehead_n touch_v the_o bill_n be_v white_a except_v only_o a_o line_n or_o bed_n of_o black_a between_o the_o eye_n and_o bill_n the_o neck_n and_o forepart_n of_o the_o breast_n to_o the_o breastbone_n sternum_fw-la both_o above_o and_o beneath_o be_v black_a the_o under-side_n of_o the_o body_n be_v white_a with_o some_o mixture_n of_o cinereous_a yet_o the_o low_a feather_n on_o the_o thigh_n a_o little_a above_o the_o knee_n be_v black_a the_o feather_n next_o the_o tail_n be_v white_a those_o above_o they_o black_a else_o the_o back_n be_v particoloured_a of_o black_a and_o cinereous_a the_o tail_n black_a the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n brown_a the_o lesser_a row_n of_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n have_v white_a edge_n than_o they_o be_v black_a for_o a_o good_a way_n the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v ash-coloured_a which_o colour_n so_o succeed_v one_o another_o make_v a_o very_a fair_a show_n the_o hind-toe_n be_v very_o small_a it_o frequent_v the_o seacoast_n of_o lancashire_n in_o the_o wintertime_n this_o be_v the_o bird_n which_o bellonius_fw-la describe_v under_o the_o title_n of_o cravant_n or_o oye_n nonnette_n which_o he_o think_v to_o be_v the_o chenalopex_n of_o the_o ancient_n see_v bellonius_fw-la his_o description_n in_o 166._o aldrovand_n which_o agree_v exact_o to_o this_o bird_n we_o have_v sometime_o think_v the_o bernacle_n and_o brent-goose_n to_o differ_v only_o in_o sex_n not_o in_o kind_a species_n but_o afterward_o more_o diligent_o consider_v and_o compare_v both_o their_o case_n we_o change_v our_o opinion_n for_o there_o be_v remarkable_a note_n by_o which_o they_o may_v be_v distinguish_v as_o will_v easy_o appear_v to_o whosoever_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o compare_v their_o description_n for_o in_o this_o the_o chin_n and_o cheek_n be_v white_a in_o that_o the_o whole_a head_n and_o neck_n black_a save_v only_o a_o black_a line_n on_o each_o side_n the_o neck_n which_o in_o the_o bernacle_n be_v want_v beside_o the_o bernacle_n seem_v to_o we_o big_a and_o much_o fair_a for_o those_o cinereous_a and_o black_a colour_n alternate_o dispose_v in_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o back_n and_o wing_n make_v a_o very_a lovely_a show_n this_o also_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o brenta_n or_o bernicla_n of_o gesner_n although_o his_o description_n be_v not_o very_o exact_a perchance_o also_o the_o baumgansz_n or_o tree-goose_n of_o gesner_n may_v be_v the_o same_o although_o he_o make_v they_o different_a bird_n for_o the_o description_n of_o this_o he_o take_v from_o a_o picture_n as_o it_o seem_v not_o exact_o draw_v unless_o his_o baumgansz_n be_v the_o same_o with_o baltner_n i._n e._n the_o brenta_n next_o to_o be_v describe_v what_o be_v report_v concern_v the_o rise_n and_o original_n of_o these_o bird_n to_o wit_n that_o they_o be_v breed_v of_o rot_a wood_n for_o instance_n of_o the_o mast_n rib_n and_o plank_n of_o break_a ship_n half_o putrify_v and_o corrupt_v or_o of_o certain_a palm_n of_o tree_n fall_v into_o the_o sea_n or_o last_o of_o a_o kind_n of_o sea-shel_n the_o figure_n whereof_o lobel_n gerard_n and_o other_o have_v set_v forth_o may_v be_v see_v in_o aldrovand_n sennertus_n in_o his_o hypomnemata_fw-la michael_n meyerus_n who_o have_v write_v a_o entire_a book_n concern_v the_o tree-fowl_n and_o many_o other_o but_o that_o all_o these_o story_n be_v false_a and_o fabulous_a i_o be_o confident_o persuade_v neither_o do_v there_o want_v sufficient_a argument_n to_o induce_v the_o lover_n of_o truth_n to_o be_v of_o our_o opinion_n and_o to_o convince_v the_o gainsayer_n for_o in_o the_o whole_a genus_fw-la of_o bird_n except_v the_o phoenix_n who_o repute_a original_a be_v without_o doubt_n fabulous_a there_o be_v not_o any_o one_o example_n of_o equivocal_a or_o spontaneous_a generation_n among_o other_o animal_n indeed_o the_o lesser_a and_o more_o imperfect_a as_o for_o example_n many_o infect_v and_o frog_n be_v common_o think_v either_o to_o be_v of_o spontaneous_a original_n or_o to_o come_v of_o different_a seed_n and_o principle_n but_o the_o great_a animal_n and_o perfect_a in_o their_o kind_n such_o as_o be_v among_o bird_n the_o goose_n no_o philosopher_n will_v ever_o admit_v to_o be_v in_o this_o manner_n produce_v second_o those_o shell_n in_o which_o they_o affirm_v these_o bird_n to_o be_v breed_v and_o to_o come_v forth_o by_o a_o strange_a metamorphosis_n do_v most_o certain_o contain_v a_o animal_n of_o their_o own_o kind_n and_o not_o transmutable_a into_o any_o other_o thing_n concern_v which_o the_o reader_n may_v please_v to_o consult_v that_o curious_a naturalist_n fabius_n columna_fw-la these_o shell_n we_o ourselves_o have_v see_v once_o at_o venice_n grow_v in_o great_a abundance_n to_o the_o keel_n of_o a_o old_a ship_n a_o second_o time_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n grow_v to_o the_o back_n of_o a_o tortoise_n we_o take_v between_o sicily_n and_o malta_n columna_fw-la make_v this_o shellfish_n to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o balanus_n marinus_fw-la three_o that_o these_o goose_n do_v lay_v egg_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o other_o bird_n sit_v on_o they_o and_o hatch_v their_o young_a the_o hollander_n in_o their_o northern_a voyage_n affirm_v themselves_o to_o have_v find_v by_o experience_n §._o iv._o the_o brent-goose_n brenta_n it_o be_v a_o little_o big_a than_o a_o duck_n and_o longer-bodied_n the_o head_n neck_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v black_a but_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o neck_n on_o each_o side_n be_v a_o small_a spot_n or_o line_n of_o white_a which_o together_o appear_v like_o a_o ring_n of_o white_a the_o back_n be_v of_o the_o colour_n of_o a_o common_a goose_n that_o be_v a_o dark_a grey_a towards_o the_o tail_n it_o be_v dark_a colour_v but_o those_o feather_n which_o be_v next_o and_o immediate_a to_o the_o tail_n be_v white_a the_o low_a belly_n be_v white_a the_o breast_n of_o a_o dark_a grey_a the_o tail_n and_o great_a quill_n of_o the_o wing_n black_a the_o lesser_a of_o a_o dark_a grey_a the_o bill_n be_v small_a black_a a_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a thick_a at_o the_o head_n slenderer_n towards_o the_o tip_n the_o eye_n hazel-coloured_n the_o nostril_n great_a the_o foot_n black_a have_v the_o back-toe_n the_o length_n of_o the_o bird_n from_o bill_n to_o tail_n be_v twenty_o inch_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o brant-goose_n differ_v specifical_o from_o the_o bernacle_n however_o writer_n of_o the_o history_n of_o bird_n confound_v they_o and_o make_v these_o word_n synonymous_n we_o have_v see_v both_o alive_a among_o his_o majesty_n wildfowl_n keep_v in_o st._n james_n park_n the_o case_n of_o the_o brent-goose_n stuff_v we_o have_v see_v with_o
mr._n johnson_n at_o brignal_n in_o yorkshire_n of_o the_o bernacle_n in_o sir_n william_n foster_n hall_n at_o bamburgh_n in_o northumberland_n mr._n jessop_n also_o send_v we_o they_o both_o out_o of_o yorkshire_n this_o be_v the_o bird_n who_o figure_n aldrovandus_n give_v we_o in_o the_o three_o tome_n of_o his_o ornitho-logie_a chap._n 37._o which_o brantion_n send_v he_o paint_v out_o of_o the_o low-countries_n the_o whole_a head_n and_o neck_n beside_o a_o certain_a imperfect_a white_a circle_n in_o its_o upper_a part_n the_o back_n and_o inside_n of_o the_o thigh_n be_v black_a the_o eye_n yellow_a the_o bill_n short_a than_o in_o that_o of_o bellonius_fw-la our_o bernacle_n and_o thick_a where_o it_o join_v to_o the_o head_n the_o wing_n from_o ash-colour_n incline_v to_o brown_a both_o the_o description_n and_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o ring-duck_n anas_n torquata_fw-la of_o bellonius_fw-la agree_v in_o all_o point_n to_o this_o bird_n of_o we_o so_o that_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o they_o be_v the_o same_o see_v aldrovands_n ornithologie_n book_n 19_o chap._n 37._o it_o be_v paint_v and_o describe_v by_o leonard_n baltner_n under_o the_o title_n of_o baumganss_n that_o be_v tree-goose_n and_o perchance_o may_v be_v also_o the_o baumgansz_n of_o gesner_n mr._n johnson_n in_o his_o letter_n late_o send_v we_o write_v as_o if_o he_o think_v that_o this_o be_v only_o the_o female_a of_o the_o precedent_n induce_v chief_o by_o this_o argument_n that_o the_o fowler_n observe_v these_o to_o company_n and_o fly_v together_o with_o they_o as_o themselves_o tell_v he_o §._o v._o the_o swan-goose_n anser_n cygnoide_v hispanicus_n seu_fw-la guineensis_fw-la the_o back_n as_o in_o other_o goose_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a grey_a the_o belly_n white_a the_o throat_n and_o breast_n of_o a_o red_a brown_a a_o line_n or_o list_n of_o dark_a brown_a run_v all_o along_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o neck_n from_o the_o head_n to_o the_o back_n the_o bill_n be_v black_a from_o the_o root_n whereof_o arise_v a_o knob_v or_o bunch_n over-hanging_a it_o which_o in_o the_o male_n and_o old_a bird_n be_v big_a than_o in_o the_o hen_n and_o young_a a_o line_n or_o fillet_n of_o white_a between_o the_o eye_n and_o bill_n adorn_v the_o head_n the_o tail_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o back_n and_o wing_n the_o tip_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v whitish_a the_o foot_n be_v red_a and_o in_o some_o the_o bill_n too_o the_o back-toe_n be_v little_a it_o be_v a_o stately_a bird_n walk_v with_o the_o head_n and_o neck_n decent_o erect_v §._o vi_o the_o gambo-goose_n or_o spur-winged_a goose_n it_o be_v for_o shape_n of_o body_n like_o to_o the_o muscovy_n duck_n and_o of_o equal_a bigness_n have_v long_o red_a leg_n a_o white_a belly_n the_o back_n of_o a_o dark_a shine_a purple_a colour_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v red_a its_o cheek_n and_o chin_n white_a it_o be_v head_n have_v a_o red_a protuberance_n caruncle_n but_o what_o be_v most_o remarkable_a in_o it_o be_v a_o strong_a spur_n proceed_v from_o the_o first_o joint_n of_o the_o wing_n the_o like_o whereto_o marggrave_n have_v observe_v in_o four_o or_o five_o sort_n of_o brasilian_n bird_n but_o no_o european_a fowl_n that_o i_o know_v of_o have_v they_o §._o vii_o the_o canada_n goose_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n or_o of_o the_o foot_n be_v forty_o two_o inch_n the_o bill_n itself_o from_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v extend_v two_o inch_n and_o be_v black_a of_o colour_n the_o nostril_n be_v large_a in_o shape_n of_o body_n it_o be_v like_a to_o a_o tame_a goose_n save_v that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o little_a long_o the_o rump_n be_v black_a but_o the_o feather_n next_o above_o the_o tail_n white_a the_o back_n of_o a_o dark_a grey_a like_o the_o common_a goose_n the_o bottom_n low_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v white_a else_o the_o neck_n black_a it_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o white_a stay_n or_o muffler_n under_o the_o chin_n continue_v on_o each_o side_n below_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o back_n of_o the_o head_n the_o belly_n be_v white_a the_o tail_n black_a as_o be_v also_o the_o great_a quill_n of_o the_o wing_n for_o the_o lesser_a an_o covert-feather_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a grey_a as_o in_o the_o common_a tame_a goose_n the_o eye_n be_v hazel-coloured_n the_o edge_n of_o the_o eyelid_n in_o some_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o in_o all_o white_z the_o foot_n black_a have_v the_o hind-toe_n the_o title_n show_v the_o place_n whence_o it_o come_v we_o see_v and_o describe_v both_o this_o and_o the_o precedent_n among_o the_o king_n wildfowl_n in_o st._n james_n park_n §._o viii_o the_o rat-goose_n or_o road-goose_n brenthus_n fortasse_fw-la mr._n johnson_n who_o show_v we_o this_o bird_n at_o brignal_n in_o yorkshire_n thus_o describe_v it_o it_o be_v less_o by_o half_n than_o a_o tame_a goose_n about_o two_o foot_n long_o its_o bill_n scarce_o a_o inch_n black_a of_o colour_n as_o be_v also_o the_o foot_n the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n and_o part_n of_o the_o neck_n black_a the_o feather_n next_o the_o bill_n the_o throat_n and_o breast_n brown_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o under-side_n white_a the_o upper-side_n grey_a but_o the_o end_n of_o the_o feather_n from_o grey_a darken_v into_o a_o brownish_a colour_n the_o edge_n change_v into_o white_a as_o be_v usual_a also_o in_o the_o common_a tame_a goose_n the_o quill_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o the_o tail_n be_v black_a but_o this_o have_v white_a feather_n on_o each_o side_n the_o rump_n be_v also_o white_a it_o be_v a_o very_a heedless_a fowl_n contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o other_o goose_n so_o that_o if_o a_o pack_n of_o they_o come_v into_o tees_n it_o be_v seldom_o one_o escape_n away_o for_o though_o they_o be_v often_o shoot_v at_o yet_o they_o only_o fly_v a_o little_a and_o suffer_v the_o gunner_n to_o come_v open_o upon_o they_o section_n vii_o memb._n ii_o broad-billed_n bird_n of_o the_o duck-kind_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o duck_n in_o general_n the_o duck-kind_n have_v short_a neck_n and_o large_a foot_n in_o proportion_n to_o their_o body_n than_o goose_n lesser_o body_n howbeit_o the_o big_a in_o this_o kind_n do_v equal_a if_o not_o exceed_v the_o least_o in_o that_o they_o have_v short_a leg_n than_o goose_n and_o situate_v more_o backward_o so_o that_o they_o go_v wadle_a a_o broad_a and_o flatter_v back_o and_o so_o a_o more_o compress_a body_n and_o last_o a_o broad_a and_o flatter_v bill_n their_o tongue_n be_v pectinate_v or_o tooth_v on_o each_o side_n which_o be_v common_a to_o they_o with_o goose_n these_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n either_o wild_a or_o tame_a the_o wild_a again_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n 1._o sea-duck_n which_o feed_v most_o what_o in_o salt-water_n dive_v much_o in_o feed_v have_v a_o broad_a bill_n especial_o the_o upper_a part_n and_o bend_v upward_o to_o work_v in_o the_o slem_n a_o large_a hind-toe_n and_o thin_a likely_a for_o a_o rudder_n a_o long_a train_n not_o sharp-pointed_a 2._o pond-duck_n which_o haunt_v plash_n have_v a_o straight_a and_o narrow_a bill_n a_o very_a little_a hind-toe_n a_o sharp-pointed_a train_n white_a belly_n speckled_a feather_n black_a with_o glitter_a green_a in_o the_o middle_a wing_n with_o a_o white_a transverse_a line_n on_o either_o side_n for_o this_o distinction_n of_o sea-duck_n and_o pond-duck_n we_o be_v behold_v to_o mr._n johnson_n chap._n ii_o of_o sea-duck_n §._o i._o *_o wormius_n his_o eider_n or_o soft-feathered_n duck._n there_o have_v be_v bring_v i_o say_v wormius_n from_o the_o ferroyer_n island_n a_o certain_a sort_n of_o duck_n they_o call_v there_o eider_n what_o name_n the_o latin_n give_v it_o i_o know_v not_o i_o have_v think_v fit_a to_o entitle_v it_o duck._n anas_n plumis_fw-la mollissimis_fw-la the_o cock_n differ_v from_o the_o hen_n in_o many_o thing_n though_o the_o lineament_n of_o the_o body_n be_v much_o what_o the_o same_o the_o cock_n in_o figure_n or_o shape_n exact_o resemble_v a_o tame_a drake_n or_o mallard_n have_v a_o flat_a black_a bill_n come_v near_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o goose_n than_a a_o duck_n perforate_v in_o the_o middle_n with_o two_o oblong_a hole_n serve_v for_o respiration_n of_o the_o length_n of_o three_o inch_n pectinate_v on_o the_o side_n from_o the_o nostril_n through_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n above_o the_o eye_n two_o very_a black_a spot_n or_o stroke_n consist_v of_o soft_a feather_n tend_v to_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n divide_v by_o a_o narrow_a white_a line_n end_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n neck_n which_o from_o green_a incline_v to_o white_a the_o whole_a neck_n the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o head_n the_o breast_n the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o
be_v shut_v the_o tongue_n be_v fleshy_a thick_a broad_a especial_o towards_o the_o tip_n but_o the_o tip_n itself_o be_v thin_a and_o semicircular_a the_o eye_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a yellow_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n of_o a_o vermilion_a colour_n the_o claw_n black_a the_o hind-toe_n little_a the_o membrane_n connect_v the_o toe_n serrate_v about_o the_o edge_n the_o foot_n be_v less_o than_o inother_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o head_n and_o neck_n almost_o halfway_n be_v of_o a_o fair_a blue_a in_o the_o bird_n which_o i_o describe_v at_o rome_n and_o in_o another_o which_o mr._n willughby_n see_v at_o crowland_n it_o be_v very_o blackish_a dark_a light_o tincture_v with_o a_o deep_a shine_a green_a the_o under-side_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o region_n of_o the_o craw_n be_v white_a the_o upper-side_n and_o shoulder_n particoloured_a of_o white_a and_o brown_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o breast_n and_o the_o whole_a belly_n to_o the_o vent_n be_v red_a behind_o the_o vent_n the_o feather_n under_o the_o tail_n be_v black_a the_o back_n be_v brown_a with_o a_o light_a dash_n of_o a_o shine_a green_a blue_a or_o purple_a colour_n the_o feather_n cover_v the_o outside_n of_o the_o thigh_n be_v adorn_v with_o transverse_a dusky_a line_n as_o in_o many_o other_o the_o number_n of_o quill_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v about_o twenty_o four_o the_o ten_o or_o twelve_o outmost_a whereof_o be_v whole_o brown_a the_o next_o nine_o have_v their_o outer_a edge_n of_o a_o deep_a shine_a green_a the_o four_o next_o the_o body_n be_v vary_v in_o the_o middle_n and_o about_o their_o edge_n with_o white_a line_n the_o feather_n of_o the_o second_o row_n incumbent_a on_o the_o green_a quil-feather_n have_v white_a tip_n which_o together_o take_v make_v a_o cross_a line_n of_o white_a in_o the_o wing_n the_o lesser_a covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n except_v those_o on_o the_o outmost_a bone_n be_v of_o a_o pleasant_a pale_a blue_a incline_v to_o ash-colour_n the_o tail_n be_v about_o three_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a consist_v of_o fourteen_o feather_n particoloured_a of_o white_a and_o black_a the_o outmost_a feather_n be_v whole_o white_a the_o middlemost_a except_o the_o extreme_a white_a edge_n whole_o black_a the_o rest_n black_a in_o their_o middle_a part_n white_a about_o the_o border_n or_o outside_n at_o the_o divarication_n of_o the_o windpipe_n it_o have_v a_o small_a labyrinth_n a_o large_a gall_n oblong_a testicle_n a_o small_a musculous_a stomach_n or_o gizzard_n gut_n many_o time_n reflect_v very_o long_o the_o female_a in_o respect_n of_o colour_n both_o in_o the_o head_n and_o neck_n and_o also_o in_o the_o whole_a body_n upper-side_n and_o under-side_n except_v only_o the_o wing_n be_v very_o like_a to_o a_o wild_a duck._n the_o wing_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o male_a but_o more_o dull_a and_o not_o so_o bright_a and_o pleasant_a the_o fowler_n affirm_v that_o these_o bird_n change_v their_o colour_n in_o winter_n gesner_n and_o aldrovand_n set_v forth_o this_o kind_n twice_o or_o thrice_o under_o several_a title_n it_o be_v sufficient_o characterise_v and_o distinguish_v from_o all_o other_o of_o this_o kind_n by_o the_o breadth_n and_o bigness_n of_o its_o bill_n §._o xvi_o erythropus_fw-la the_o broad-billed_a red-footed_n duck_n of_o aldrovand_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o hen-shovele_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n whole_o be_v of_o a_o deep_a red_a the_o bill_n be_v almost_o three_o inch_n long_o very_o broad_a and_o recurvum_fw-la turn_v up_o after_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o buckler_n of_o a_o dark_a chestnut_n colour_n yet_o the_o low_a mandible_a which_o almost_o enter_v the_o upper_a be_v receive_v into_o it_o be_v in_o some_o place_n of_o a_o spadiceous_a colour_n and_o have_v a_o remarkable_a strike_v run_v through_o its_o middle_a long-way_n the_o bill_n have_v such_o tooth_n on_o both_o side_n as_o gesner_n attribute_n to_o his_o muscariae_fw-la muggent_n the_o colour_n of_o the_o feather_n almost_o the_o whole_a body_n over_o come_v near_o to_o that_o of_o pulveratricious_a bird_n partridge_n and_o quail_n etc._n etc._n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v testaceous_a or_o potsherd_a colour_n their_a pot_n be_v pale_a than_o we_o now_o adays_o the_o whole_a head_n and_o middle_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v of_o a_o coloris_fw-la weasel_n colour_n sprinkle_v with_o great_a and_o lesser_a spot_n partly_o white_a and_o those_o very_a small_a and_o scarce_o conspicuous_a partly_o brown_a and_o those_o most_o in_o the_o crown_n and_o hinder_v part_n of_o the_o head_n the_o neck_n underneath_o be_v of_o a_o pale_a whitish_a cinereous_a colour_n with_o semilunar_a brown_a spot_n the_o same_o spot_n but_o great_a be_v disperse_v over_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o back_n the_o breast_n the_o belly_n the_o rump_n and_o the_o tail_n all_o which_o part_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o head_n or_o yellowish_a the_o middle_a and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o back_o be_v cover_v with_o feather_n of_o a_o dark_a spadiceous_a colour_n only_o white_a about_o the_o outmost_a edge_n the_o ridge_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o woad_n colour_n a_o line_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n cross_v the_o middle_a of_o the_o wing_n above_o which_o be_v likewise_o see_v a_o transverse_a white_a line_n the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a spadiceous_a colour_n §._o xvii_o *_o a_o broad-billed_a duck_n with_o yellow_a foot_n of_o aldrovand_n it_o differ_v little_a from_o the_o precedent_n in_o magnitude_n unless_o perchance_o it_o be_v somewhat_o big_a it_o be_v bill_n be_v partly_o brown_a partly_o yellowish_a over_o the_o whole_a body_n which_o be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a ash-colour_n be_v brown_a spot_n disseminated_a thick-set_a and_o little_a in_o the_o head_n great_a and_o thin_a or_o more_o scatter_v in_o the_o neck_n breast_n belly_n rump_n and_o tail_n but_o much_o great_a yet_o and_o thick_a in_o the_o whole_a back_o the_o wing_n to_o the_o middle_a part_n be_v brown_a a_o white_a line_n cross_v they_o in_o the_o middle_n after_o which_o be_v see_v a_o cornered_a square_a blue_a spot_n three_o angle_n whereof_o end_n in_o a_o black_a line_n to_o this_o succeed_v a_o white_a line_n its_o leg_n be_v yellow_a its_o toe_n also_o yellow_a but_o connect_v by_o dusky_a membrane_n this_o seem_v to_o be_v some_o hen-bird_n of_o the_o duck-kind_n not_o hitherto_o observe_v by_o we_o chap._n iii_o pond-duck_n frequent_v chief_o fresh_a water_n §._o i._o the_o common_a wild_a duck_n and_o mallard_n boscas_n major_a anas_n torquata_fw-la minor_fw-la 212._o aldrov_n it_o weigh_v from_o thirty_o six_o to_o forty_o ounce_n be_v about_o twenty_o three_o inch_n long_o measure_v from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n the_o wing_n stretch_v out_o reach_v thirty_o five_o inch_n the_o bill_n be_v of_o a_o greenish_a yellow_a from_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n produce_v two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a of_o about_o a_o inch_n breadth_n not_o very_o flat_a the_o upper_a mandible_a have_v at_o the_o end_n a_o round_a tip_n or_o nail_n such_o as_o be_v see_v in_o most_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o low_a eyelid_n be_v white_a the_o leg_n and_o foot_n of_o a_o saffron-colour_n the_o claw_n brown_a but_o that_o of_o the_o back-toe_n almost_o white_a the_o inmost_a fore-toe_n be_v the_o least_o the_o membrane_n connect_v the_o toe_n be_v of_o a_o more_o sordid_a colour_n than_o the_o toe_n the_o windpipe_n at_o its_o divarication_n have_v a_o vessel_n we_o call_v a_o labyrinth_n the_o leg_n be_v feather_v down_o to_o the_o knee_n in_o the_o mallard_n the_o head_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v of_o a_o delicate_a shine_a green_a then_o follow_v a_o ring_n of_o white_a which_o yet_o fail_v of_o be_v a_o entire_a circle_n not_o come_v round_o behind_o from_o the_o white_a ring_n the_o throat_n be_v of_o a_o chestnut_n colour_n down_o to_o the_o breast_n the_o breast_n itself_o and_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o white_a ash-colour_n bedew_v or_o sprinkle_v with_o innumerable_a dark_a speck_n as_o it_o be_v small_a drop_n under_o the_o tail_n the_o feather_n be_v black_a the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o neck_n from_o cinereous_a be_v red_a sprinkle_v in_o like_a manner_n with_o spot_n the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_n between_o the_o wing_n be_v red_a the_o low_a part_n black_a and_o still_o deep_o on_o the_o rump_n with_o a_o gloss_n of_o purple_a theside_v under_o the_o wing_n and_o the_o long_a feather_n on_o the_o thigh_n be_v adorn_v with_o transverse_a brown_a line_n make_v a_o very_a fair_a show_n in_o they_o the_o white_a colour_n seem_v to_o have_v a_o mixture_n of_o blue_a the_o lesser_a row_n of_o wing-feather_n be_v red_a the_o long_a scapular_a feather_n be_v silver-coloured_n elegant_o
breast_n be_v curious_o vary_v with_o black_a and_o dusty_a transverse_a arcuate_v elliptical_a wave_v line_n in_o each_o feather_n the_o belly_n in_o some_o be_v white_a in_o other_o tincture_v with_o yellow_a but_o towards_o the_o vent_n be_v brown_a line_n and_o big_a spot_n under_o the_o tail_n the_o colour_n of_o the_o back_n be_v brown_a with_o a_o purplish_a gloss_n the_o thigh_n be_v cover_v with_o feather_n handsome_o variegated_a with_o transverse_a black_a and_o white_a line_n the_o scapular_a feather_n next_o the_o wing_n be_v ash-coloured_a the_o rest_n be_v of_o a_o very_a beautiful_a purple_a colour_n with_o white_a line_n in_o the_o middle_n each_o wing_n have_v twenty_o five_o quill_n the_o outmost_a ten_o of_o which_o be_v brown_a on_o the_o outside_n the_o shaft_n on_o the_o inside_n of_o a_o mouse-dun_a the_o eleven_o next_o have_v white_a tip_n beneath_o the_o tip_n as_o far_o as_o they_o appear_v beyond_o the_o covert-feather_n their_o exterior_a web_n of_o a_o cinereous_a shine_a green_a the_o interior_a and_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v of_o a_o dusk_n or_o mouse-dun_a the_o rest_n be_v brown_a only_o the_o exterior_a web_n edge_v with_o white_a the_o lesser_a row_n of_o wing-feather_n be_v ash-coloured_a except_v those_o immediate_o incumbent_a on_o the_o quill_n some_o of_o which_o have_v white_a tip_n the_o tail_n be_v short_a three_o inch_n and_o when_o close_v end_v in_o a_o sharp_a point_n of_o a_o dusky_a or_o dark_a brown_a colour_n consist_v of_o fourteen_o feather_n the_o outmost_a feather_n be_v vary_v with_o spot_n of_o a_o pale_a or_o whitish_a red_n the_o sole_n of_o the_o foot_n be_v black_a the_o cock_n have_v a_o labyrinth_n at_o the_o divarication_n of_o the_o windpipe_n the_o hen_n none_o the_o hen_n be_v less_o than_o the_o cock_n and_o duller-coloured_n want_v the_o black_a spot_n under_o the_o chin_n and_o the_o red_a colour_n of_o the_o cheek_n the_o wing_n underneath_o be_v as_o in_o the_o cock_n above_o more_o brown_a the_o back_o colour_a like_o the_o cock_n but_o the_o scapular_a feather_n have_v not_o those_o beautiful_a colour_n §._o viii_o *_o of_o the_o summer-teal_n call_v by_o gesner_n ana_n circia_fw-la gesner_n take_v that_o duck_n they_o call_v circia_n to_o be_v of_o the_o kind_n of_o the_o lesser_a teal_n querquedulae_n a_o certain_a german_a render_v it_o in_o high_a dutch_a ein_fw-mi birckilgen_n and_o say_v it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o sound_n of_o its_o voice_n that_o it_o be_v like_o a_o small_a duck_n but_o differ_v in_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o belly_n for_o the_o wing_n want_v those_o glister_a feather_n and_o the_o belly_n be_v more_o spot_a this_o kind_n so_o he_o proceed_v i_o think_v be_v also_o find_v in_o our_o lake_n for_o i_o see_v not_o long_o since_o a_o small_a sort_n of_o duck_n take_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o january_n little_o big_a than_o a_o dobchick_n brown_a all_o over_o have_v the_o bill_n of_o a_o duck_n that_o be_v broad_a and_o brown_a also_o dusky_a colour_a leg_n and_o foot_n the_o neck_n a_o hand-breadth_n long_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n six_o inch_n but_o it_o be_v a_o hen_n and_o have_v egg_n in_o the_o belly_n the_o cock_n i_o guess_v have_v more_o beautiful_a colour_n in_o the_o stomach_n i_o find_v nothing_o but_o smallstone_n and_o the_o seed_n of_o some_o water-plant_n almost_o of_o the_o fashion_n of_o lentile_n but_o lesser_a and_o thick_a and_o red_a thus_o far_o gesner_n from_o this_o short_a description_n and_o that_o too_o of_o a_o hen_n bird_n we_o can_v certain_o gather_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o distinct_a species_n from_o the_o precedent_n but_o we_o suspect_v it_o be_v of_o that_o bird_n which_o our_o country_n man_n call_v the_o summer-teal_n which_o mr._n johnson_n inform_v we_o be_v of_o that_o bigness_n for_o we_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o see_v it_o it_o be_v bill_n be_v black_a the_o whole_a upper_a side_n of_o a_o dark_a grey_a or_o light_a brown_a the_o edge_n or_o extreme_n of_o the_o feather_n in_o the_o back_o be_v white_a in_o the_o wing_n be_v a_o line_n or_o spot_n of_o a_o inch_n breadth_n partly_o black_a partly_o of_o a_o shine_a green_a terminate_v on_o both_o side_n with_o white_a in_o the_o tail_n the_o feather_n be_v sharp-pointed_a the_o whole_a under_o side_n seem_v to_o be_v white_a with_o a_o slight_a tincture_n of_o yellow_a but_o on_o the_o breast_n and_o low_a belly_n be_v many_o pretty_a great_a black_a spot_n the_o leg_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a blue_a the_o membrane_n between_o the_o toe_n black_a this_o be_v the_o least_o of_o all_o duck_n in_o its_o stomach_n dissect_v i_o find_v nothing_o but_o grass_n and_o stone_n this_o description_n we_o owe_v to_o mr._n johnson_n §._o ix_o *_o a_o wild_a brasilian_n duck_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o goose_n marggrave_n it_o have_v a_o black_a bill_n dusky_a leg_n and_o foot_n it_o be_v all_o over_o black_a except_o the_o beginning_n set_v on_o of_o the_o wing_n which_o be_v white_a but_o that_o black_a have_v a_o gloss_n of_o shine_a green_a it_o have_v a_o crest_n or_o tuft_n on_o it_o head_n consist_v of_o black_a feather_n and_o a_o corrugate_v red_a mass_n or_o bunch_n of_o flesh_n above_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o upper_a mandible_a of_o the_o bill_n it_o have_v also_o a_o red_a skin_n about_o the_o eye_n it_o be_v very_o fleshy_a and_o good_a meat_n they_o be_v common_o shoot_v sit_v on_o high_a tree_n for_o after_o they_o have_v wash_v themselves_o in_o cold_a water_n they_o fly_v up_o high_a tree_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o fresh_a air_n and_o sun_n §._o x._o *_o a_o wild_a brasilian_n duck_n call_v ipocati-apoa_a by_o the_o portughese_n pata_n that_o be_v a_o goose_n marggrav_fw-mi it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o goose_n of_o eight_o or_o nine_o month_n of_o the_o very_a shape_n and_o figure_n of_o our_o common_a duck_n the_o belly_n low_a part_n of_o the_o tail_n the_o whole_a neck_n and_o head_n be_v cover_v with_o white_a feather_n the_o back_n to_o the_o neck_n the_o wing_n and_o top_n of_o the_o head_n with_o black_a have_v a_o mixture_n of_o green_a as_o in_o the_o neck_n of_o our_o duck_n in_o the_o neck_n and_o belly_n be_v black_a feather_n all_o about_o sparse_o mingle_v with_o the_o white_a it_o differ_v from_o our_o country_n duck_n in_o these_o particular_n 1._o that_o it_o be_v big_a 2._o it_o have_v indeed_o a_o duck_n bill_n but_o black_a and_o hook_a at_o the_o end_n 3._o upon_o or_o above_o the_o bill_n it_o carry_v a_o fleshy_a crest_n broad_a and_o almost_o round_o of_o a_o black_a colour_n remarkable_o spot_v with_o white_a the_o crest_n be_v of_o equal_a height_n between_o the_o crest_n and_o the_o bill_n viz._n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v a_o transverse_a hole_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o pease_n conspicuous_a on_o both_o side_n which_o serve_v instead_o of_o nostril_n 4._o the_o colour_n of_o the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v not_o red_a but_o of_o a_o dusky_a ash-colour_n it_o be_v full_a of_o flesh_n and_o good_a meat_n it_o be_v find_v every_o where_o about_o the_o river_n i_o have_v another_o in_o all_o thing_n like_o this_o except_v that_o those_o long_a feather_n in_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o shine_a brown_a colour_n i_o suppose_v this_o be_v the_o male_a the_o other_o the_o female_a §._o xi_o *_o the_o first_o brasilian_n wild_a duck_n call_v mareca_n of_o marggrave_n it_o have_v a_o duck_n bill_n of_o a_o brown_a colour_n at_o the_o rise_v whereof_o on_o each_o side_n be_v a_o red_a spot_n the_o head_n above_o be_v of_o a_o grey_a hare-colour_n the_o side_n of_o the_o head_n under_o the_o eye_n all_o white_a the_o whole_a breast_n and_o low_a belly_n have_v a_o obscure_a resemblance_n of_o the_o colour_n of_o oaken_a board_n and_o be_v beside_o variegated_a with_o black_a point_n speck_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v black_a the_o tail_n grey_a the_o wing_n elegant_a at_o the_o set_n on_o of_o a_o dark_a grey_a colour_n intimate_v the_o quil-feather_n on_o one_o side_n be_v of_o the_o former_a colour_n but_o all_o the_o outer_a half_n of_o they_o medietas_fw-la extrema_fw-la of_o a_o pale_a brown_a in_o the_o middle_n they_o be_v of_o a_o shine_a green_a with_o a_o border_n of_o black_a like_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o mallards_n neck_n it_o be_v flesh_n be_v very_o good_a meat_n the_o outmost_a of_o a_o light_n brown_a and_o the_o middlemost_a of_o a_o shine_a green_a with_o a_o fringe_n or_o border_n of_o black_a §._o xii_o *_o the_o second_o brasilian_n wild_a duck_n call_v mareca_n of_o marggrave_n it_o be_v of_o the_o same_o bigness_n and_o figure_n with_o the_o precedent_n have_v a_o black_a shine_a bill_n the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n the_o
this_o history_n be_v as_o true_a as_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o laugh_a bird_n or_o quapachtototl_n mirth_n be_v often_o unsecure_a quapachtototl_n or_o the_o fulvous_a bird_n imitate_v humane_a laughter_n and_o yet_o be_v dread_v and_o hate_v by_o the_o indian_n as_o inauspicious_a and_o ominous_a fore-boding_a some_o evil_n or_o mischief_n the_o body_n from_o bill_n to_o tail_n be_v eight_o inch_n long_o and_o the_o tail_n as_o much_o the_o bill_n from_o blue_a incline_v to_o black_a be_v pretty_a long_o and_o crooked_a the_o circle_n about_o the_o pupil_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v white_a the_o breast_n cinereous_a the_o belly_n from_o thence_o to_o the_o tail_n black_a the_o tail_n of_o a_o dark_a fulvous_n but_o the_o wing_n neck_n and_o head_n fulvous_a whence_o it_o get_v its_o name_n among_o the_o indian_n they_o say_v it_o be_v pleasant_a and_o wholesome_a meat_n of_o the_o water-quail_n or_o acolin_n a_o certain_a brown_a bird_n of_o the_o lake_n of_o mexico_n be_v call_v 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line_n of_o white_a encircle_v all_o the_o feather_n sprinkle_v or_o powder_v sometime_o with_o speck_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n it_o frequent_v lake_n and_o have_v a_o fishy_a taste_n yet_o be_v it_o no_o unpleasant_a meat_n it_o feed_v usual_o upon_o worm_n fly_n and_o other_o infect_v fly_v about_o the_o fen_n it_o breed_v in_o the_o lake_n of_o mexico_n it_o be_v head_n glister_v with_o a_o wonderful_a variety_n of_o colour_n a_o black_a line_n divide_v it_o in_o the_o middle_n and_o other_o of_o a_o grey_a or_o ash-colour_n distinguish_v the_o side_n the_o exterior_a corner_n be_v point_v with_o small_a white_a spot_n the_o neck_n and_o breast_n be_v grey_a cinerea_fw-la the_o rest_n of_o the_o plumage_n from_o fulvous_n rather_o incline_v to_o green_a of_o the_o snow-bird_n or_o ceoan_n it_o be_v a_o little_o big_a than_o a_o thrush_n esteem_v of_o for_o imitation_n of_o humane_a speech_n about_o the_o breast_n belly_n and_o set_v on_o of_o the_o wing_n fulvous_a near_o the_o 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the_o same_o with_o the_o mitu_fw-la of_o marggravius_n and_o with_o the_o mountain_n bird_n or_o tepetototl_n above_o describe_v the_o whole_a difference_n be_v in_o the_o crest_n instead_o whereof_o this_o bird_n have_v a_o certain_a tumour_n at_o the_o root_n of_o its_o beak_n of_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o pear_n and_o the_o hardness_n of_o a_o stone_n of_o a_o blue_a colour_n like_o that_o of_o the_o turcois_fw-fr stone_n in_o another_o place_n he_o say_v that_o this_o tumour_n call_v a_o stone_n though_o it_o be_v not_o overhard_a be_v like_o a_o egg_n or_o big_a of_o a_o rusty_a colour_n of_o picicitli_n the_o small_a bird_n call_v picicitli_n appear_v after_o shower_n it_o be_v note_v for_o the_o obscurity_n of_o its_o original_n the_o tetzcoquense_n do_v not_o yet_o know_v where_o it_o breed_v it_o be_v a_o mute_a bird_n bring_v up_o in_o the_o house_n it_o soon_o die_v and_o decay_v it_o gratify_v both_o the_o palate_n and_o stomach_n it_o be_v all_o over_o ash-coloured_a except_o the_o head_n and_o neck_n which_o be_v both_o black_a only_o a_o white_a spot_n encompass_n its_o black_a eye_n of_o the_o note_n polyglot_n bird._n i_o see_v hear_v and_o admire_v a_o small_a bird_n bring_v to_o madrid_n the_o queen_n of_o all_o sing_a bird_n that_o can_v command_v any_o voice_n or_o tune_n the_o indian_n from_o its_o multiplicity_n of_o note_n call_v it_o cencontlatolli_n or_o four_o hundred_o tongue_n it_o be_v not_o big_a than_o a_o starling_n white_a underneath_o brown_a above_o with_o some_o black_a and_o white_a feather_n intermix_v especial_o next_o the_o tail_n and_o about_o the_o head_n which_o be_v encircle_v with_o the_o likeness_n of_o a_o silver_n crown_n it_o be_v keep_v in_o cage_n to_o delight_v the_o ear_n and_o for_o a_o natural_a rarity_n or_o rather_o wonder_n it_o excel_v all_o bird_n in_o sweetness_n and_o variety_n of_o song_n and_o perfect_a command_n of_o its_o voice_n imitate_v the_o note_n of_o any_o sort_n of_o bird_n whatsoever_o and_o excel_v its_o exemplar_n it_o go_v far_o beyond_o the_o nightingale_n i_o myself_o keep_v it_o a_o long_a time_n it_o be_v content_a with_o any_o meat_n it_o love_v hot_a country_n but_o can_v abide_v temperate_a tzaupan_n be_v like_a to_o this_o some_o suspect_n that_o it_o be_v only_o the_o hen_n of_o the_o same_o sort_n they_o be_v equal_a in_o bigness_n sing_v alike_o and_o agree_v in_o shape_n save_v that_o the_o feather_n underneath_o be_v white_a cinereous_a and_o black_a those_o above_o sad-coloured_n black_a and_o white_a of_o the_o sing_a night-bird_n chicuatli_n or_o the_o night-bird_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o our_o woodcock_n have_v a_o long_a slender_a black_a bill_n and_o crooked_a yellow_a seam_n near_o each_o eye_n the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a colour_n with_o a_o few_o black_a feather_n intermix_v about_o the_o neck_n the_o eye_n be_v black_a with_o yellow_a irides_fw-la the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n be_v of_o a_o mingle_a colour_n of_o fulvous_a brown_a and_o grey_a it_o live_v in_o the_o mountain_n and_o fly_v low_a be_v keep_v in_o a_o cage_n it_o prattle_v or_o chatter_v pretty_o it_o be_v easy_o bring_v up_o for_o it_o be_v wont_a to_o feed_v upon_o bread_n make_v of_o tlaolli_n worm_n gnat_n and_o other_o infect_v it_o be_v take_v both_o in_o hot_a and_o cold_a country_n it_o feed_v fat_a and_o afford_v no_o contemptible_a nourishment_n some_o there_o be_v that_o call_v it_o chiquatototl_n from_o the_o owl_n be_v a_o bird_n not_o less_o augural_a and_o ominous_a than_o that_o of_o the_o xomotl_n we_o owe_v the_o protection_n and_o coverture_n of_o our_o nakedness_n not_o to_o sheep_n and_o quadrupeds_o only_o for_o the_o indian_n weave_v the_o feather_n of_o this_o bird_n into_o their_o garment_n it_o be_v whole-footed_n have_v its_o back_n and_o wing_n above_o black_a its_o breast_n brown_a when_o it_o be_v angry_a it_o ruffle_n up_o the_o feather_n upon_o its_o head_n like_o a_o crest_n of_o the_o rabihorcado_n this_o bird_n divide_v its_o fork_a tail_n into_o two_o part_n sometime_o open_v sometime_o shut_v or_o draw_v they_o together_o like_o a_o tailor_n shears_n therefore_o it_o be_v call_v rabihorcado_n and_o by_o the_o portughese_n raboforcado_n a_o account_n of_o some_o bird_n of_o the_o ferroe_n or_o ferroyer_n island_n out_o of_o hoiers_n epistle_n to_o clus_o the_o bird_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o classis_fw-la be_v insert_v already_o into_o this_o work_n in_o their_o proper_a place_n in_o the_o three_o classis_fw-la or_o rank_fw-la say_v the_o author_n i_o place_v three_o species_n different_a in_o shape_n but_o in_o this_o quality_n very_o near_o of_o kin_n that_o they_o presage_v storm_n and_o tempest_n and_o abide_v only_o far_o out_o at_o sea_n the_o big_a of_o these_o be_v much_o
of_o the_o feather_n be_v black_a this_o bird_n grow_v very_o tame_a and_o gentle_a as_o gesner_n report_v and_o will_v live_v many_o year_n thirteen_o or_o fourteen_o shut_v up_o in_o a_o cage_n *_o the_o brasilian_n teitei_n which_o they_o call_v also_o guiranhemgeta_n and_o guraundi_fw-la marggrave_n it_o be_v a_o small_a bird_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o robin-red-breast_n it_o be_v keep_v in_o cage_n for_o a_o sing_a bird_n but_o it_o only_o chirp_v like_o a_o redstart_n rubrica_fw-la call_v by_o the_o german_n gimpel_n it_o feed_v upon_o paco_n and_o mamao_n it_o have_v a_o short_a thick_a black_a bill_n the_o head_n upper_z side_z of_o the_o neck_n wing_n whole_a back_n and_o tail_n be_v invest_v with_o black_a feather_n with_o which_o something_o of_o blue_a be_v mix_v so_o that_o they_o shine_v like_o polish_a steel_n the_o throat_n low_a side_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o breast_n the_o whole_a low_a belly_n and_o thigh_n be_v yellow_a at_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o upper_a bill_n behind_o the_o nostril_n it_o have_v a_o spot_n of_o yellow_a feather_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n and_o this_o be_v the_o cock._n the_o hen_n in_o proportion_n of_o body_n and_o magnitude_n agree_v exact_o with_o the_o cock_n have_v the_o same_o bill_n and_o leg_n but_o differ_v much_o in_o colour_n for_o it_o be_v green_a like_o the_o acanthis_fw-la call_v by_o the_o german_n zyschen_n the_o wing_n and_o head_n with_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v somewhat_o dusky_a with_o blue_a mingle_v these_o bird_n delight_v to_o live_v together_o five_o or_o six_o in_o a_o cage_n chap._n xv._n the_o anadavad_n bird_n bring_v from_o the_o east_n indies_n have_v a_o finche_n bill_n and_o lark_n claw_n in_o bigness_n it_o scarce_o exceed_v the_o golden-crowned_a wren_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v for_o shape_n like_o a_o goldfinch_n or_o chaffinche_n for_o colour_v red_a the_o upper_a mandible_a above_o be_v black_a the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o body_n be_v of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n in_o some_o bird_n light_a in_o other_o darker_n only_o the_o feather_n grow_v about_o the_o rump_n be_v of_o a_o scarlet_a or_o deep_a orange_n the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o those_o of_o the_o tail_n be_v black_a the_o tail_n itself_o be_v a_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o middlemost_a be_v the_o long_a and_o the_o exterior_a in_o order_n short_a the_o quill_n and_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v spot_v with_o small_a round_a white_a spot_n scatter_v up_o and_o down_o in_o no_o order_n in_o some_o bird_n more_o in_o some_o few_o in_o some_o bird_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v of_o a_o scarlet_a red_a in_o other_o it_o be_v whole_o black_a as_o be_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o breast_n and_o belly_n in_o all_o in_o one_o bird_n which_o be_v pale_a than_o the_o rest_n that_o we_o see_v and_o almost_o of_o the_o colour_n of_o a_o robin-red-breast_n on_o the_o back_n not_o only_o the_o wing_n but_o also_o the_o side-feather_n and_o those_o scarlet_a one_o incumbent_n on_o the_o tail_n be_v mark_v with_o white_a spot_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v white_a the_o claw_n very_o long_o like_o those_o of_o lark_n but_o more_o crooked_a the_o figure_n of_o the_o body_n be_v rather_o long_o than_o round_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1673._o i_o see_v many_o of_o these_o bird_n in_o the_o house_n of_o a_o certain_a citizen_n of_o london_n that_o have_v be_v bring_v out_o of_o the_o east_n indies_n keep_v all_o together_o in_o the_o same_o cage_n be_v introduce_v by_o my_o worthy_a friend_n thomas_n allen_n doctor_n of_o physic_n who_o also_o give_v i_o the_o first_o notice_n and_o information_n of_o they_o chap._n xvi_o a_o bird_n call_v by_o the_o bolognese_n petronia_n marina_n by_o 38._o aldrovand_n oenanthae_fw-la congener_fw-la the_o length_n of_o this_o bird_n take_v from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o its_o claw_n be_v little_o less_o than_o seven_o inch_n its_o breadth_n between_o the_o extreme_n of_o the_o wing_n distend_v twelve_o and_o a_o quarter_n it_o be_v bill_n strong_a sharp-pointed_a like_o that_o of_o a_o chaffinch_n from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n somewhat_o more_o than_o half_a a_o inch_n long_o the_o upper_a chap_n black_a the_o low_a about_o the_o angle_n yellow_a the_o angle_n itself_o be_v round_o the_o side_n of_o the_o bill_n sharp-edged_n the_o head_n be_v of_o a_o dusky_a ash-colour_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v a_o line_n draw_v of_o a_o white_a colour_n the_o neck_n be_v ash-coloured_a below_o between_o the_o shoulder_n the_o feather_n have_v their_o outer_a edge_n of_o a_o pale_a ash-colour_n their_o inner_a black_a the_o rump_n from_o dusky_a incline_v to_o green_a but_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o feather_n next_o the_o tail_n be_v white_a the_o prime_a feather_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v in_o number_n eighteen_o of_o which_o the_o first_o or_o outmost_a be_v short_a than_o the_o second_o the_o second_o equal_a to_o the_o three_o and_o long_a of_o all_o these_o three_o feather_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a brown_a or_o blackish_a only_o their_o outmost_a edge_n of_o a_o pale_a green_a the_o second_o three_o and_o four_o row_n of_o wing-feather_n have_v white_a tip_n but_o else_o be_v black_a the_o plumage_n on_o the_o base_a or_o ridge_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o sordid_a green_a the_o feather_n cover_v the_o underside_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v white_a the_o breast_n be_v of_o a_o sordid_a white_a the_o feather_n next_o the_o tail_n have_v pale_a yellow_a tip_n else_o they_o be_v brown_a the_o tail_n be_v two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a and_o make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n this_o sort_n be_v distinguish_v from_o all_o other_o small_a bird_n 1._o that_o it_o have_v a_o very_a fair_a lovely_a yellow_a spot_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o its_o throat_n 2._o that_o all_o the_o feather_n of_o the_o tail_n on_o the_o interior_a web_n near_o the_o tip_n be_v mark_v with_o one_o great_a round_a white_a spot_n be_v else_o all_o black_a save_o the_o edge_n which_o be_v greenish_a the_o outer_a half_n of_o the_o outmost_a feather_n on_o each_o side_n be_v also_o white_a 3._o it_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o hortulane_n by_o a_o most_o certain_a note_n that_o its_o bill_n be_v far_o big_a and_o strong_a and_o equal_a to_o a_o greenfinche_n bill_n we_o see_v many_o of_o these_o bird_n at_o bologna_n in_o italy_n to_o be_v sell_v the_o bird_n which_o aldrovandus_n say_v be_v call_v petrone_n at_o bologna_n and_o petronello_n at_o genua_n and_o describe_v under_o the_o title_n of_o lark_n alaudae_fw-la congener_fw-la seem_v to_o be_v no_o other_o bird_n than_o the_o emberiza_n alba_fw-la of_o gesner_n or_o our_o bunting_n as_o will_v appear_v to_o he_o that_o shall_v take_v pain_n to_o compare_v the_o description_n chap._n xvii_o the_o hortulane_n kind_n who_o characteristic_a be_v a_o hard_a knob_v in_o the_o upper_a chap_n of_o the_o bill_n §._o i._o the_o bunting_n call_v by_o gesner_n emberiza_n alba_fw-la i_o take_v it_o also_o to_o be_v the_o calandra_n of_o aldrov_n and_o bellonius_fw-la moreover_o the_o alaudae_fw-la congener_fw-la of_o aldrovand_n and_o the_o cenchramus_fw-la of_o bellonius_fw-la the_o strillozo_n of_o olina_n it_o weigh_v about_o a_o ounce_n and_o half_a its_o length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v seven_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n and_o so_o much_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o claw_n it_o be_v breadth_n between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v eleven_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a it_o be_v bill_n be_v great_a and_o thick_a have_v a_o hard_a knob_v or_o eminency_n in_o the_o upper_a mandible_a or_o palate_n wherewith_o it_o be_v think_v to_o bruise_v wheat_n oat_n and_o other_o grain_n the_o side_n of_o the_o low_a chap_n rise_v up_o in_o a_o angle_n on_o each_o side_n as_o may_v be_v better_o represent_v by_o a_o figure_n than_o express_v in_o word_n and_o incline_v to_o one_o another_o under_o the_o tubercle_fw-la of_o the_o palate_n the_o tongue_n be_v sharp_a and_o slit_v in_o two_o the_o claw_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a dusky_a colour_n the_o back-toe_n be_v great_a arm_v with_o a_o lesser_a and_o more_o crooked_a claw_n than_o in_o lark_n the_o outmost_a fore-toe_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o inmost_a and_o grow_v fast_o to_o the_o middlemost_a at_o bottom_n as_o in_o other_o bird_n this_o bird_n head_n somewhat_o resemble_v a_o rail_n the_o colour_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n testaceous_a or_o earthlike_a the_o chin_n breast_n belly_n be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a white_a the_o throat_n have_v oblong_o black_a spot_n the_o quill_n