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A02655	A briefe and true report of the new found land of Virginia of the commodities and of the nature and manners of the naturall inhabitants. Discouered by the English colon there seated by Sir Richard Greinuile Knight in the eere 1585. Which remained vnder the gouernement of twelue monethes, at the speciall charge and direction of the Honourable Sir Walter Raleigh Knight lord Warden of the stanneries who therein hath beene fauoured and authorised b her Maiestie :and her letters patents: This fore booke is made in English by Thomas Hariot seruant to the abouenamed Sir Walter, a member of the Colon, and there imploed in discouering Cum gratia et priuilegio Caes. Matis Speciali	Hariot, Thomas, 1560-1621.; Bry, Theodor de, 1528-1598. America.; White, John, fl. 1585-1593, artist.; Hakluyt, Richard, 1552?-1616.; Veen, Gijsbert van, 1558-1630, engraver.	1590 (1590)	STC 12786; ESTC S106427	39,246	83

chefe lordes in Secotam Those which haue the letters E. F. G. are certaine cheefe men of Pomeiooc and Aquascogoc SOM PICTVRE OF THE PICTES WHICH IN THE OLDE tyme dyd habite one part of the great Bretainne THE PAINTER OF WHOM I HAVE had the first of the Inhabitans of Virginia giue my allso thees 5. Figures fallowinge fownd as hy did assured my in a oolld English cronicle the which I wold well sett to the ende of thees first Figures for to showe how that the Inhabitants of the great Bretannie haue bin in times past as sauuage as those of Virginia The trvve picture of one Picte I. In tymes past the Pictes habitans of one part of great Bretainne which is nowe nammed England wear sauuages and did paint all their bodye after the maner followinge the did lett their haire gro we as fare as their Shoulders sauinge those which hange vppon their forehead the which the did cutt They shaue all their berde except the mustaches vppon their breast wear painted the head of som birde ant about the pappes as yt waere beames of the sune vppon the bellye sum feere full and monstreus face spreedinge the beames verye fare vppon the thighes Vppon the tow knees som faces of lion and vppon their leggs as yt hath been shelles of fish Vppon their Shoulders griffones heades and then they hath serpents abowt their armes They caried abowt their necks one ayerne ringe and another abowt the midds of their bodye abowt the bellye and the saids hange on a chaine a cimeterre or turkie soorde the did carye in one arme a target made of wode and in the other hande a picke of which the ayerne was after the manner of a Lick whith tassels on and the other ende with a Rounde boule And when they hath ouercomme some of their ennemis they did neuer felle to carye a we their heads with them The trvve picture of a vvomen Picte II. The woemen of the pictes aboue said wear noe worser for the warres then the men And wear paynted after the manner followinge hauinge their heads bear did lett their hairre flyinge abowt their Showlders wear painted with griffon heades the lowe parts and thighes with lion faces or some other beaste as yt commeth best into their fansye their brest hath a maner of a half moone with a great stare and fowre lesser in booth the sides their pappes painted in maner of beames of the sonne and amōg all this a great litteninge starre vppon their brests The saids of som pointes or beames and the hoolle bellye as a sonne the armes thighes and leggs well painted of diuerses Figures The dyd also carye abowt theyr necks an ayern Ringe as the men did and suche a girdle with the soorde hainginge hauinge a Picke or a lance in one hande and twoe dardz in the other The trvve picture of a yonge dowgter of the Pictes III. The yong dougters of the pictes did also lett their haire flyinge and wear also painted ouer all the body so much that noe men could not faynde any different yf the hath not vse of another fashion of paintinge for the did paint themselues of sondrye kinds of flours and of the fairest that they cowld feynde being fournished for the rest of such kinds of weappon as the woemen wear as vou may see by this present picture a thinge trwelly worthie of admiration The trvve picture of a man of nation neigbour vnto the Picte IIII. Therwas in the said great Bretainne yet another nation nigbour vnto the Pictes which did apparell them selfues with a kind of cassake other cloath Ierkin the rest of the bodye wear naked The did also wear lōge heares and their moustaches butt the chin wear also shaued as the other before The dyd were alardge girdle abowt them in which hange a croket soorde with the target and did carye the picke or the lance in their hande which hath at the lowe end arownde bowlle as you may see by this picture The trvve picture of a vvomen nigbour to the Pictes V. Their woemen wear apparelled after this manner butt that their apparell was opne before the brest and did fastened with a little lesse as our woemen doe fasten their peticott They lett hange their brests outt as for the rest the dyd carye suche waeppens as the men did and wear as good as the men for the warre A TABLE OF THE PRINCIPALL THINGES THAT are contained in this Historie after the order of the Alphabet A. Allum 7 Applecrabs 17 Ashe 23 Ascopo 23 B. Beares 17 Beech. 23 C. Cedar 9.23 Chestnuts 17 Ciuet Cattes 9 Conies 19 Coscuhaw 15 Copper 9 Cranes 19 Creuises 21 D. Deare 19 Deare skinnes 9 Dyes of diuers kindes 11 E. Elme 23 F. Faulcons 19 Flaxe and Hempe 7 Fiere trees 23 Furres 9 G. Geese 19 Crappes 17 H. Habascon 15 Hau they bwild their houses 24 Haukes 19 Hernes 19 Herrings 19 Holly 23 Hurleberies 17 I. Iron 9 K. Kaishucpenauk 15 Kewasowok 26 Kewas 26 L. Leekes 17 Lions 19 M. Macocqwer 16 Mangummenauk 19 Maple 23 Maqwowoc 19 Marlin 19 Machicomuck 26 Medlars 17 Melden 16 Metaquesunnauk 17 Mulberies 17 Mullets 19 Muscles 21 N. Natūre of the Virginiens 24 O. Oade 11 Of beastes 12 Of foule 19 Of fruites 17 Ofthe Vengeance 29 Okindgier 14 Oldwiues 19 Oyle 9 Openauk 15 Orepenauk 15 Oystres 21 P. Pagatowr 13 Parats 19 Partridges 19 Pearle 9 Periwinckles 21 Pitch 9 Plaice 20 Planta Solis 14.16 Popogusso 26 Porpoises 16 R. Rayes 19 Rakiock 23 Rafe Lane 32 Richard Greinuile 32 Roanoack 8 Rozen 9 S. Sacquenummener 17 Sagatamener and all his kinds 19 Sapummener 19 Saquenuckot 19 Sassafras 9 Sassafras trees 23 Scalopes 21 Seekanauck 21 Sea crabbes 21 Silke of grasse or grasse Silke 7 Squirels 19 Stockdoues 19 Straberies 17 Sturgeons 19 Suger cannes 11 Swannes 19 Sweete gummes 11 Stones 24 T. Tarre 9 Their manner of fishinge 20 Their manner of makinge boates 20 The soyle better 31 The strange oppinion the haue of englishemen 27 The climat of Virginia 31 Their Relligion 25 Tsinaw 15 Troutes 19 Tortoyses 21 Turpentine 9 Turkie cockes 19 Turkie hennes 19 V. Virginiens willinge to make themselues Christiens 27 Virginiens doe estime the things of Europe 27 Vnknowne sicknes 28 Vppowoc 16 W. Walnuts 17 Walnut trees 23 Wapeih 7.8 Wasewowr 11 Weapons of the Virginiens 24 Wich hazle 23 Wickenzowr 14.16 Wilde peaze 19 Willowes 23 Winauck 9 Wine 9 Wiroans Wingina 27.28 Wiroances 26 Wolues 19 Worme Silke 7 Finis Faults escaped in the impression the first nombre signiffie the page the second the Linne Pag. 1.lin.22 reade and pag. 14.lin.14 reade sodden lin 27.reade about pag. 16 lin.19.reade sacrifice pag. 20 lin 18.reade Discouery pag. 23.li 3. reade hatchets In the preface of the figures lin 17.reade lyuely lin.23.reade late figure 2 lin.1 readewher lin.7.reade fallinge lin 10 reade neuer 18. bodye Fig. 3.lin 5 reade vppon fig.7 lin 11 reade and fig. 8.lin.2.reade that fig. 12.lin 11 reade they lin.16.reade scrapinge fig. 13.lin 10. reade also fig.16.lin.6.drinkinge fig. 21.lin.12.about The rest if any be the discreete reader may easily amend AT FRANCKFORT INPRINTED BY IHON WEchel at Theodore de Bry owne coast and chardges MDXC Americae pars Nunc Virginia dicta primum ab Anglis inuenta sumtibus Dn Walteri Raleigh Equestris ordinis Viri Anno Dnī M.D LXXXV regni Vero Sereniss nostrae Reginae Elisabethae XX. VII hujus vero Historia peculiari Libro descripta est additis etiam Indigenarum Iconibus

Werowans or chieff Lordes XXIII The marckes of sundrye of the chiefe mene of Virginia To the gentle Reader Although frendlye Reader man by his disobedience weare depriued of those good Gifts wher with he was indued in his creation yet he was not berefte of wit to prouyde for hym selfe nor discretion to deuise things necessarie for his vse except suche as appartayne to his soules healthe as may be gathered by this sauage nations of whome this present worke intreateth For although they haue noe true knoledge of God nor of his holye worde and are destituted of all lerninge Yet they passe vs in many thinges as in Sober feedinge and Dexteritye of witte in makinge without any instrument of mettall thinges so neate and so fine as a man would scarsclye beleue thesame Vnless the Englishemen Had made proofe Therof by their trauailes into the contrye Consideringe Therfore that yt was a thinge worthie of admiration I was verye willinge to offer vnto you the true Pictures of those people wich by the helfe of Maister Richard Hakluyt of Oxford Minister of Gods Word who first Incouraged me to publish the Worke I creaued out of the verye original of Maister Ihon White an Englisch paynter who was sent into the contrye by the queenes Maiestye onlye to draw the description of the place lynelye to describe the shapes of the Inhabitants their apparell manners of Liuinge and fashions att the speciall Charges of the worthy knighte Sir Walter Ralegh who bestowed noe Small Sume of monnye in the serche and Discouerye of that countrye From te yeers 1584. to the ende of The years 1588. Morouer this booke which intreateth of that parte of the new World which the Englishemen call by the name of Virginia I heer sett out in the first place beinge therunto requested of my Frends by Raeson of the memorye of the fresh and laue performance ther of albeyt I haue in hand the Historye of Florida wich should bee first sett foorthe because yt was discouured by the Frencheman longe befor the discouerye of Virginia yet I hope shortlye also to publish thesame A Victorye doubtless so Rare as I thinke the like hath not ben heard nor seene I craeued both of them at London an brought Them hitherto Franckfurt wher I and my sonnes hauen taken ernest paynes in grauinge the pictures ther of in Copper seeing yt is a matter of noe small importance Touchinge the stile of both the Discourses I haue caused yt to bee Reduced into verye Good Frenche and Latin by the aide of verye worshipfull frend of myne Finallye I hartlye Request thee that yf any seeke to Contrefaict thes my bookx for in this dayes many are so malicious that they seeke to gayne by other men labours thow wouldest giue noe credit vnto suche conterfaited Drawghte For dyuers secret marks lye hiddin in my pictures which wil breede Confusion vnless they bee well obserued II. The arriual of the Englishemen in Virginia The sea coasts of Virginia arre full of Ilāds wehr by the entrance into the mayne lād is hard to finde For although they bee separated with diuers and sundrie large Diuision which seeme to yeeld conuenient entrance yet to our great perill we proued that they wear shallowe and full of dangerous flatts and could neuer perce opp into the mayne lād vntill wee made trialls in many places with or small pinness At lengthe wee fownd an entrance vppon our mens diligent serche therof Affter that wee had passed opp and sayled ther in for ashort space we discouered a migthye riuer fallnige downe in to the sownde ouer against those Ilands which neuerthelesswee could not saile opp any thinge far by Reason of the shallewnes the mouth ther of beinge annoyed with sands driuen in with the tyde therfore saylinge further wee came vnto a Good bigg yland the Inhabitante therof as soone as they saw vs began to make a great an horrible crye as people which meuer befoer had seene men apparelled like vs and camme a way makinge out crys likewild beasts or men out of theirwyts But beenge gentlye called backe wee offred thē of our wares as glasses kniues babies and other trifles which wee thougt they deligted in Soe they stood still and perceuinge our Good will and courtesie came fawninge vppon vs and bade us welcome Then they brought vs to their village in the iland called Roanoac and vnto their Weroans or Prince which entertained vs with Reasonable curtesie althoug the wear amased at the first sight of vs. Suche was our arriuall into the parte of the world which we call Virginia the stature of bodee of wich people theyr attire and maneer of lyuinge their feasts and banketts I will particullerlye declare vnto yow III. A weroan or great Lorde of Virginia The Princes of Virginia are attyred in suche manner as is expressed in this figure They weare the haire of their heades long and bynde opp the ende of thesame in a knot vnder thier eares Yet they cutt the topp of their heades from the forehead to the nape of the necke in manner of a cokscombe stirkinge a faier lōge pecher of some berd att the Begininge of the creste vppun their foreheads and another short one on bothe seides about their eares They hange at their eares ether thickepearles or somwhat els as the clawe of some great birde as cometh in to their fansye Moreouer They ether pownes or paynt their forehead cheeks chynne bodye armes and leggs yet in another sorte then the inhabitantz of Florida They weare a chaine about their necks of pearles or beades of copper wich they muche esteeme and ther of wear they also braselets ohn their armes Vnder their brests about their bellye 's appeir certayne spotts whear they vse to lett them selues bloode when they are sicke They hange before thē the skinne of some beaste verye feinelye dresset in suche sorte that the tayle hangeth downe behynde They carye a quiuer made of small rushes holding their bowe readie bent in on hand and an arrowe in the other radie to defend themselues In this manner they goe to warr or tho their solemne feasts and banquetts They take muche pleasure in huntinge of deer wher of theris great store in the contrye for yt is fruit full pleasant and full of Goodly woods Yt hathe also store of riuers full of diuers sorts of fishe When they go to battel they paynt their bodyes in the most terible manner that thei can deuise IIII. On of the chieff Ladyes of Secota The woemē of Secotam are of Reasonable good proportion In their goinge they carrye their hāds danglinge downe and air dadil in a deer skinne verye excellētlye wel dressed hanginge downe frō their nauell vnto the mydds of their thighes which also couereth their hynder partz The reste of their bodies are all bare The forr parte of their haire is cutt shorte the rest is not ouer Longe thinne and softe and falling downe about their shoulders They weare a Wrrath about their

heads Their foreheads cheeks chynne armes and leggs are pownced About their necks they wear a chaine ether pricked or paynted They haue small eyes plaine and flatt noses narrow foreheads and broade mowths For the most parte they hange at their eares chaynes of longe Pearles and of some smootht bones Yet their nayles are not longe as the woemen of Florida They are also deligtted with walkinge in to the fields and besides the riuers to see the huntinge of deers and catchinge of fische V. On of the Religeous men in the towne of Secota The Priests of the aforesaid Towne of Secota are well stricken in yeers and as yt seemeth of more experience then the comon sorte They weare their heare cutt like a creste on the topps of thier heades as other doe but the rest are cutt shorte sauinge those which growe aboue their foreheads in manner of a perriwigge They also haue somwhat hanginge in their ears They weare a shorte clocke made of fine hares skinnes quilted with the hayre outwarde The rest of thier bodie is naked They are notable enchaunters and for their pleasure they frequent the riuers to kill with their bowes and catche wilde ducks swannes and other fowles VI. A younge gentill woeman doughter of Secota Virgins of good parentage are apparelled altogether like the woemen of Secota aboue mentionned sauing that they weare hanginge abowt their necks in steede of a chaine certaine thicke and rownde pearles with little beades of copper or polished bones betweene them They pounce their foreheads cheeckes armes and legs Their haire is cutt with two ridges aboue their foreheads the rest is trussed opp on a knott behinde they haue broade mowthes reasonable fair black eyes they lay their hands often vppon their Shoulders and couer their brests in token of maydenlike modestye The rest of their bodyes are naked as in the picture is to bee seene They deligt also in seeinge fishe taken in the riuers VII A cheiff Lorde of Roanoac The cheefe men of the yland and towne of Roanoac reace the haire of their crounes of theyr heades cutt like a cokes cōbe as thes other doe The rest they wear lōge as woemen and truss them opp in a knott in the nape of their necks They hange pearles stringe copper a threed att their eares and weare bracelets on their armes of pearles or small beades of copper or of smoothe bone called minsal nether paintinge nor powncings of them selues but in token of authoritye and honor they wear a chaine of great pearles or copper beades or smoothe bones abowt their necks and a plate of copper hinge vpon a stringe from the nauel vnto the midds of their thighes They couer themselues before and behynde as the woemē doe with a deers skynne handsomley dressed and fringed More ouer they fold their armes together as they walke or as they talke one wjth another in signe of wisdome The yle of Roanoac is verye pleisant ond hath plaintie of fishe by reason of the Water that enuironeth thesame VIII A cheiff Ladye of Pomeiooc About 20. milles from that Iland neere the lake of Paquippe ther is another towne called Pomeioock hard by the sea The apparell of the cheefe ladyes of dat towne differeth but litle from the attyre of those which lyue in Roanaac For they weare their haire trussed opp in a knott as the maiden doe which we spake of before and haue their skinnes pownced in thesame manner yet they wear a chaine of great pearles or beades of copper or smoothe bones 5. or 6. fold obout their necks bearinge one arme in the same in the other hand they carye a gourde full of some kinde of pleasant liquor They tye deers skinne doubled about them crochinge hygher about their breasts which hange downe before almost to their knees and are almost altogither naked behinde Commonlye their yonge daugters of 7. or 8. yeares olde do waigt vpon them wearinge abowt them a girdle of skinne which hangeth downe behinde and is drawen vnder neath betwene their twiste and bownde aboue their nauel with mose of trees betwene that and thier skinnes to couer their priuiliers withall After they be once past 10. yeares of age they wear deer skinnes as the older sorte do They are greatlye Diligted with puppetts and babes which wear brought oute of England IX An ageed manne in his winter garment The aged men of Pommeioocke are couered with a large skinne which is tyed vppon their shoulders on one side and hangeth downe beneath their knees wearinge their other arme naked out of the skinne that they maye bee at more libertie Those skynnes are Dressed with the hair on and lyned with other furred skinnes The yonnge men suffer noe hairr at all to growe vppon their faces but assoone as they growe they put them away but when thy are come to yeeres they suffer them to growe although to say truthe they come opp verye thinne They also weare their haire bownde op behynde and haue a creste on their heads like the others The contrye abowt this plase is soe fruit full and good that England is not to bee compared to yt X. Their manner of careynge ther Childern and a tyere of the cheiffe Ladyes of the towne of Dasamonquepeuc In the towne of Dasemonquepeuc distant from Roanoac 4. or 5. milles the woemen are attired and pownced in suche sorte as the woemen of Roanoac are yet they weare noe worathes vppon their heads nether haue they their thighes painted with small pricks They haue a strange manner of bearing their children and quite contrarie to ours For our woemen carrie their children in their armes before their brests but they taking their sonne by the right hand bear him on their backs holdinge the left thighe in their lefte arme after a strange and conuesnall fashion as in the picture is to bee seene XI The Coniuerer They haue comonlye coniurers or iuglers which vse strange gestures and often cōtrarie to nature in their enchantments For they be verye familiar with deuils of whome they enquier what their enemys doe or other suche thinges They shaue all their heads sauinge their creste which they weare as other doe and fasten a small black birde aboue one of their ears as a badge of their office They weare nothinge but a skinne which hangeth downe from their gyrdle and couereth their priuityes They weare a bagg by their side as is expressed in the figure The Inhabitants giue great credit vnto their speeche which oftentymes they finde to bee true XII The manner of makinge their boates The manner of makinge their boates in Virginia is verye wonderfull For wheras they want Instruments of yron or other like vnto ours yet they knowe howe to make them as handsomelye to saile with whear they liste in their Riuers and to fishe with all as ours First they choose some longe and thicke tree accordinge to the bignes of the boate which they would frame and make a fyre on the grownd abowt the Roote therof kindlinge

their dances be ended and they goe to make merrye as is expressed in the 16. figure XIX The Tovvne of Pomeiooc The townes of this contrie are in a maner like vnto those which are in Florida yet are they not soe stronge nor yet preserued with soe great care They are compassed abowt with poles starcke faste in the grownd but they are not verye stronge The entrance is verye narrowe as may be seene by this picture which is made accordinge to the forme of the towne of Pomeiooc Ther are but few howses therin saue those which belonge to the kinge and his nobles On the one side is their tempel separated from the other howses and marked with the letter A. yt is builded rownde and couered with skynne matts and as yt wear compassed abowt With cortynes without windowes and hath noe ligthe but by the doore On the other side is the kings lodginge marked with the letter B. Their dwellinges are builded with certaine potes fastened together and couered with matts which they turne op as high as they thinke good and soe receue in the lighte and other Some are also couered with boughes of trees as euery man lusteth or liketh best They keepe their feasts and make good cheer together in the midds of the towne as yt is described in they 17. Figure When the towne standeth fare from the water they digg a great poude noted with the letter C. wherhence they fetche as muche water as they neede XX. The Tovvne of Secota Their townes that are not inclosed with poles aire commonlye fayrer Then suche as are inclosed as appereth in this figure which liuelye expresseth the towne of Secotam For the howses are Scattered heer and ther and they haue gardein expressed by the letter E. wherin groweth Tobacco which the inhabitants call Vppowoc They haue also groaues wherin thei take deer and fields vherin they sowe their corne In their corne fields they builde as yt weare a scaffolde wher on they sett a cottage like to a rownde chaire signiffied by F. wherin they place one to watche for there are suche nomber of fowles and beasts that vnless they keepe the better watche they would soone deuoure all their corne For which cause the watcheman maketh continual cryes and noyse They sowe their corne with a certaine distance noted by H. other wise one stalke would choke the growthe of another and the corne would not come vnto his rypeurs G. For the leaves therofare large like vnto the leaues of great reedes They haue also a seuerall broade plotte C. whear they meete with their neighbours to celebrate their cheefe solemne feastes as the 18. picture doth declare and a place D. whear after they haue ended their feaste they make merrie togither Ouer against this place they haue a rownd plott B. wher they assemble themselues to make their solemne prayers Not far from which place ther is a lardge buildinge A. wherin are the tombes of their kings and princes as will appere by the 22. figure likewise they haue garden notted bey the letter I. wherin they vse to sowe pompions Also a place marked with K. wherin the make a fyre att their solemne feasts and hard without the towne a riuer L. from whence they fetche their water This people therfore voyde of all couetousnes lyue cherfullye and att their harts ease Butt they solemnise their feasts in the nigt and therfore they keepe verye great fyres to auoyde darkenes ant to testifie their Ioye XXI Ther Idol Kivvasa The people of this cuntrie haue an Idol which they call Kiwasa yt is carued of woode in lengthe 4. foote whose heade is like the heades of the people of Florida the face is of a flesh colour the brest white the rest is all blacke the thighes are also spottet with whitte He hath a chayne abowt his necke of white beades betweene which are other Rownde beades of copper which they esteeme more then golde or siluer This Idol is placed in the temple of the towne of Secotam as the keper of the kings dead corpses Somtyme they haue two of thes idoles in theyr churches and somtine 3. but neuer aboue which they place in a darke corner wher they shew tetrible Thes poore soules haue none other knowledge of god although I thinke them verye Desirous to know the truthe For when as wee kneeled downe on our knees to make our prayers vnto god they went abowt to imitate vs and when they saw we moued our lipps they also dyd the like Wherfore that is verye like that they might easelye be brongt to the knowledge of the gospel God of his mercie grant them this grace XXII The Tombe of their Werovvans or Cheiff Lordes The builde a Scaffolde 9. or 10. foote hihe as is expressed in this figure vnder the tōbs of theit Weroans or cheefe lordes which they couer with matts and lai the dead corpses of their weroans theruppon in manner followinge first the bowells are taken forthe Then layinge downe the skinne they cutt all the flesh cleane from the bones which the drye in the sonne and well dryed the inclose in Matts and place at their feete Then their bones remaininge still fastened together with the ligaments whole and vncorrupted are couered a gayne with leather and their carcase fashioned as yf their flesh wear not taken away They lapp eache corps in his owne skinne after thesame in thus handled and lay yt in his order by the corpses of the other cheef lordes By the dead bodies they sett their Idol Kiwasa wher of we spake in the former chapiter For they are persuaded that thesame doth kepe the dead bodyes of their cheefe lordes that nothinge may hurt them Moreouer vnder the foresaid scaffolde some on of their preists hath his lodginge which Mumbleth his prayers nighte and day and hath charge of the corpses For his bedd he hath two deares skinnes spredd on the grownde yf the wether bee cold hee maketh a fyre to warme by withall Thes poore soules are thus instructed by natute to reuerence their princes euen after their death XXIII The Marckes of sundrye of the Cheif mene of Virginia The inhabitāts of all the cuntrie for the most parte haue marks rased on their backs wherby yt may be knowen what Princes subiects they bee or of what place they haue their originall For which cause we haue set downe those marks in this figure and haue annexed the names of the places that they might more easelye be discerned Which industrie hath god indued them withal although they be verye sinple and rude And to confesse a truthe I cannot remember that euer I saw a better or quietter people then they The marks which I obserued a monge them are heere put downe in order folowinge The marke which is expressed by A. belongeth tho Wingino the cheefe lorde of Roanoac That which hath B. is the marke of Wingino his sisters husbande Those which be noted with the letters of C. and D. belonge vnto diverse