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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
head_n	arm_n	belly_n	leg_n	2,979	5	10.3355	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A02791	Harvvards phlebotomy: or, A treatise of letting of bloud fitly seruing, as well for an aduertisement and remembrance to well minded chirurgians, as also to giue a caueat generally to all men to beware of the manifold dangers, which may ensue vpon rash and vnaduised letting of bloud. Comprehended in two bookes: written by Simon Harvvard.	Harward, Simon, fl. 1572-1614.	1601 (1601)	STC 12922; ESTC S103856	94,484	154

made so thinne that the cold doth strike into the inward parts whereby are brought diseases of very long continuance Galen will haue them which are vsually sick in the spring time to be let bloud in the beginning of the spring but such as most commonly haue their sicknes in the sommer time he would haue them to open a vayne in the end of the spring a little before sommer begin The fittest time for letting bloud is when the signe as we call it or the moone is in Aries Sagittarius Cancer Libra Scorpio Aquarius or Pisces vnlesse in any of these signes the moone do predominate in that place that is to be let bloud as in Aries the head Taurus the neck Gemini the shoulders and armes Cancer the breast stomack and ribs Leo the heart and back Virgo the belly and bowels Libra the raynes and loynes Scorpio the secrets bladder Sagittarius the thigh Capricornus the knees Aquarius the legs Pisces the feete There must also a regard be had of the age of the party that is to be let bloud for to them which be growing or yong the first quarter of y● moone is most meete To middle aged people the second quarter To the declining age the third quarter and to old age the last quarter The complexion also must be respected If the party be cholerick let him bloud when the moone is in Cancer Scorpio or Pisces If phlegmatick let the moone be in Aries Sagittarius or Pisces If melancholick then let the moone be in Libra Aquarius or Pisces It is ill to let bloud when the moone is in the full or in the change or within three dayes either before or after It is ill also when the moone is in coniunction or opposition with Saturne or Mars Further it is ill when the moone is in coniunction or opposition with Venus or Mercury combust or in a quadrate aspect with Saturne Sol or Mars vnlesse the aspect be passed at the least eight degrees But it is good to let bloud when the moone is in a trine or sextile aspect with Iupiter Sol Venus and Mercury but especially with Iupiter and Venus with whome all aspects are good prouided that they be not combust In cases of extremitie there is no staying for signes or aspects for the necessitie of the disease compelling I haue my selfe opened a vayne the signe being in the same place and yet with good successe But if a man haue liberty to make his choyce of the time I hold him vnwise that will not take it as neere as he can agreeable to the auncient grounds and principles of Astronomy It appeareth very many wayes that God hath giuen a power to the heauens and an influence to the Starres and Planets which doe mightily worke in the things here below not to induce any necessities but to dispose the inclinations so farre as God hath appoynted and determined Consider how all the times and temperatures of the yeare do alter and change according to the course of the sunne and what difference there is betwixt the operation of Phisick and the dangers of diseases assaulting vs in the spring and such other as do befall vnto vs in the canicular dayes Marke the operation of the Moone in such plants as are set and such seeds as are sowne in the seuerall times of her age Waigh the force also of the moone in those which in the scripture are called lunatick Origen doth report the iudgement of Phisitions Humida moueri in capite secundum aliquam compassionem ad lumen lunare quod humidam habet naturam That moyst things are mooued in the head according to the sympathie of the moone which hath a moyst nature but he thinketh rather that some vncleane spirit doth obserue the diuisions of the situations of the moone and worke by them But Serenus and after him Mercurialis do giue this the reason because they which are conceiued or borne in the wane of the moone are much subiect to the falling sicknesse Howsoeuer it is it is sure not without some cause that they are called lunatick that is moonish or mooned And behold also the power of the Moone in the ordinarie flowers of women who are otherwise also sometimes too much subiect to that variable and tempestuous planet See what force it hath likewise in the sea concerning the ebbings flowings thereof as also in respect of cockles and diuers other shell-fishes waxing fuller or lesser according to the age and proportion of the moone Let also the experiences of mariners somewhat preuaile which finde the whole leas to be caryed by the course of the firmament from the East vnto the West whereupon they which trauaile to the west Indies do better passe thither in one moneth then they can returne againe in three besides the trials which they haue of their loadstone poynting towards the North and their needles and compasses answering thereunto In Phisick the criticall dayes falling out either in hard or benigne constitutions of the planets do dayly giue vnto vs abundant testimonies In histories what auctor can you almost reade but you shal finde therein the troublesome alterations which haue followed vpon great eclipses In diuinitie see how Iob doth attribute vnto the Pleiades a sweete influence to cause the kindly spring and to Orion a power to cause raines and showers but so that God doth loose or hold back the bridle at his only will and pleasure And waigh those words spoken in the creation of the Sunne Moone let them be said God for signes and for appointed times and for dayes and for yeares I do vtterly condemne the abuses of Astronomy as first when men will make them signes of southsaying to foretell things to come and so to take that vnto them which is proper to God only as it is in the Prophet Shew vs the things that are to come that we may know that ye are gods God sayth I w●ll destroy the tokens of the s●othsayers and make the wise coniecturers fooles The will of God is free and soueraigne ouer all his creatures in euery moment to order alter rule and dispose them as seemeth best to his heauenly wisedome Fata mouere deus tollere fata potest We see in one battayle or in one time of pestilēce God being angry with sinne or permitting the Diuell to rage many thousands do dye at one time which no doubt most of them were borne in diuers manners of constellations of planets Weaker natures are subiect to the stronger and particular causes are subiect to the generall Saint Augustine sayth In the liues of them which are borne twinnes in their actions casualties professions preferments and in their very death there is so great a diuersitie that many meere strangers are more like one to another then those which in birth were separated with a very small distance of time and sowen as it should seeme by coniunction in one and the selfe same

much as is drawne vpward out of the inferior parts of the body whereupon the humour following the motion which is made by the force of the vayne cut setling on that side doth giue an occasion of a new inflammation And therefore when there is a plenitude in the whole body especially about the lower parts of the belly he doth greatly commend the custome practised for many yeares with good successe by the Phisitions of Venice to wit in this to open the vayne about the knee or about the anckle And he sheweth that in his owne experience in the same time that he was writing that treatise he cured an old man of 60. yeares of age who hauing a body verè plethoricum was fallen into a plurisie by causing the vayne to be opend hard by the anckle If Hippocrates did sometimes open the vayne in the arme of the same side where the pleurisie did lye as Trincauel doth make accompt he did in the curing of Anaxion the Abderite it was because the disease was fully made and the matter already flowed But in the beginning of the flowing of the humour neither Hippocrates nor Galen do allow the same kinde of euacuation which afterward-they admit when the flux is already made Hippocrates sayth If humours be caryed into that part which they ought not we must reuell them but if they flow the same way they ought then to open the passage to them according as euery one is bent And what his iudgement is touching this matter you haue it set downe in the end of my Chapter last going before and also toward the end of my first Chapter where are cited the words of Galen concerning an vlcer caused of a flux that if the flowing be vehement we must pluck it back into the contrary parts but when it doth cease and rest setled in a place then is it best to deriue it Vpon which point also Galen doth inferre there a generall conclusion It is a generall thing that when fluxes doe begin wee must vse reuulsion but when they are setled in any affected part then euacuate them either from the same place or from some other place as neere as can be He speaketh there of purging by medicins but in the 13. and 14. booke of the same method of healing he requireth the same order likewise in letting of bloud and repeateth againe as a generall axiome euer make the reuulsion to the furthest parts off So commenting vpon Hippocrates he biddeth vs first make reuulsions and afterward set vpon the contraries to make locall euacuations as he himselfe doth expound it by the example of griefe in the hinder part of the head which is taken away by opening the vayne of the forehead And so in an other place if the right leg haue an inflammation he appoynteth a vayne to be opened in the left Fuchsius hath framed sundry answeres to those testimonies of Galen in the 13. booke of his Methodus therapeutica First he saith that his generall axiome that reuulsion must be made alwayes to places furthest distant can in no wise be wrested vnto letting of bloud seeing that Galen doth not speake there of letting of bloud but of purgings vomits cupping-glasses and such like I wonder that Fuchsius should make that answere seeing that Galen doth not only often in the leaues last going before make mention of Phlebotomy but also when he hath made this generall precept with 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 semper alwayes reuell to the furmost he sayth in the lines next following that he hath spoken of this in his bookes of Plenitude and Phlebotomy These things are written in my bookes of fulnesse and bloud-letting Secondly Fuchsius saith further aliquando venae sectione ad longinqua reuellimus sed hoc fit in futuro morbo sometimes we make reuulsion by bloud-letting into places farre distant but that is when the disease is to come If Fuchsius confesse so much then he agreeth with Auic●n Montanus Trincauell and such a● hold with them For they all do teach that reuelling into places furthermost distant is not alwayes requisite but only in the beginning when the humour is yet flowing before the humour be setled antequam sit morbus factus before it be a disease made and that is indeed in futurso morbo Thirdly for that place where Galen doth bid that if the one leg haue an inflammation we should let bloud in the other Fuchsius answereth that Galen doth speake in that place of scarifying that when one leg hath gotten an inflammation we must scarify the other because scarifying doth stirre vp a griefe and payne and dolor attrahit griefe draweth the flux to the place scarifyed But I maruaile that Fuchsius would not take the words as Galen hath let them downe Galen speaketh plainely in that place not only of scarifying but also of bloud-letting his words are these We must either open a vayne or scarify the places not affected as the hand being grieued to take the leg or the one leg being pained the other Fuchsius hauing obiected the practise of some which first do diminish the plenitude by opening the saphena or else the basilica of the contrary arme and after do take away the reliques out of the same side where the griefe lyeth doth cry out against this counsayle of the Arabian Phisitions with the same words that Fernelius also doth What an od counsaile is this to torment the patient so often when you may with one act ease him of his payne But although these two were both of them famous and learned men yet as good Phisitions as they doe prescribe the act of letting of bloud to be often repeated either in one day or in dayes immediatly following and yet are in very good hope that they doe not thereby torment the patient but worke much more for his ease Mercurialis giuing counsaile to one which in a cough did spit bloud sayth If the casting vp of bloud do remayne it would like me well that bloud should often be let a little at once out of either arme and therewithall rubbings and bindings applyed both to the anckles and to the knees Montanus who doth as much reuerence Auicenna as Fuchsius and Fernelius do persecute him For he sayth of him Auicen was a most diuine man a follower of Galen and to be preferred before all that haue drawne their learning out of Galen We haue Greeke translators as he nameth there Aëtius Paulus Aegineta and Oribasius but compare them with Auicen and they are nothing And a little after he sayth we must know that Auicen doth neuer speake any thing but what was before approued by antiquity This Montanus as in other points he commendeth Auicenna so in the seuerall states of pleurisy he alloweth his iudgement that first bloud be drawne from the saphena then from the opposite vayne of the arme and last of all from the same side The first taketh away the multitude

there be a heate of the raynes there is made the stone if of the liuer the iaundise and if of the brest the salt rheume Razes doth commend in a rheume letting of bloud But Heurnius doth restrayne it with certaine limits He will not haue it to be vsed vnlesse there do appeare the signes of fulnesse of bloud as the rednesse of the face and eyes and extending of the vaynes and vnlesse the body head appeare to be hote and the rheume salt with a matter not very farre differing from bloud and further vnlesse there be some danger of the instruments of breathing the lungs and the sides then he admitteth bloud-letting but as he saith sparingly and not too much but in a cold rheume the sweet mitigation of bloud is not to be taken away In the Goute Phlebotomy is not to be vsed vnlesse great fulnesse do of necessitie vrge thereunto There may this reason be giuen of it because that thinne distillation which floweth from the braine into the ioynts and being there thickned and setled doth cause the gout doth not fall downe by any vayne as Fernelius sheweth in his answere to the Phisition Bucherius but doth distill from the brayne to the neck shoulders and from thence to the feet partes consecuta subcutaneas hauing gotten for passage the parts vnder the skinne and because it is thinne doth flow vnsensibly Bucherius thought that because in the bloud that he saw drawne out of vaynes there appeared sometimes phlegmatick matter to flow out with the bloud therefore that fleame slipping out of the vaynes might be a cause of the goute But Fernelius doth confute him and sheweth that that which swimmeth so whitish in the basen is a kind of phlegmatick bloud such as doth abound in the disease called Leucophlegmatia and that it is so farre from sliding out of the vaynes into the ioynts that it can not be drawne out of the vaynes by strong medicines For that fleame which is fetched out of the body by purgings and vomits doth not come from the vaynes but it is wholy either from the brayne or from the stomack or from the bowels He addeth I thinke this to be one of the greatest errours of the common sort of people that in all diseases they place the faults of the humours no where else but in the vaynes and when the question is of humours they vnderstand nothing of those which do abound in other places but only of those which are mingled with the bloud in the vaynes Although the cause and nourishmēt of the gout doth not flow from the vaynes yet if the party haue a full body it will be very dangerous for him to omit letting of bloud for that attenuating and resoluing diet which by meanes of his disease he must vse will make his plenitude the more perilous vnlesse hauing first purged his body he do also cause some vayne to be opened The like reason doth Fernelius giue in his curing of morbus Gallicus after that he hath aduised the body to be twise or thrice purged he sayth that also he must be let bloud as his fulnesse shall require and sterngth permit for so not only the inward parts and whole body shall be cooled but also the dangers of plenitude which may be stirred vp by the vse of attenuating and resoluing things shall be thereby auoyded What vayne must be chosen in the gout when bloud-letting is thus found requisite Galen doth declare towards the end of his booke of Phlebotomy In the gout we must open the vain● in the cubite but in the falling sicknesse and in that swimming in the head which maketh all things seeme to go round we must do it rather in the legs But how doth this agree with that place which I haue alleaged before out of Galen in my seuenth Chapter If one leg haue an inflammation scarify and let bloud in the other Humours do seeme with greater difficulty to ascend then descend and the hollow vayne in the lower part of the body deuiding his branches equally to both the legges it should seeme that the legge is not only the fittest place according to some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to diuert or reuell but also the meetest place to make euacuation Fuchsius sayth that Galen doth commaund in the gout to let bloud in the arme for two causes first because both the legs in that disease are afflicted though not both at once but per vices one after an other and secondly because in the goute the bloud doth only offend in plenty and is not so putrified and vicious as it is in a hoat and red inflammation But seeing the chiefest intent of Phlebotomy in the gout is to euacuate the fulnesse of the whole body it may therefore seeme especially for that cause most fit to open a vayne in the cubite As for the matter of the disease it is rather auoyded by a good fit diet dry and moderately warme and the vse sometimes of things that do extenuate and resolue then by seeking to draw out either the cause or the nourishment thereof by the vse of Phlebotomy CHAP. 10. Whether letting of bloud be fit for such as haue hoa● liuers and cold stomacks as also for such as haue itches and scabs and such other faults of the skinne Further whether it be good for the disease called of the seafaring men the scuruy and for the cachexia or bad habit of body and finally what and how many are the drifts and scopes of letting of bloud MOntanus in his conference had with a Doctor called Sonzinus about a man which had bin lately a souldier who was iudged by his busy fierce practises by the rednesse of his face and by the fulnesse of the vaynes about the eyes and other places to haue a hoat brayne a hoat heart and a hoat liuer and by the red sand and heate of vrine appeared also to haue hoat raines and yet hauing so many parts hoa● had y● stomack cold by meanes of the heate of the liuer wasting and consuming the fatnesse of the cawle or sew which should conscrue and keepe in the due naturall heate of the bowels and who also by these occasions for want of good concoction had many rheumes distillations making his body very soluble by meanes of their slippery descending which otherwise in regard of so many hoat parts must needs haue bin very costiue he saith Here I would commend principally bloud-letting to take away the heate of the liuer and of the inferiour parts the body being first gently purged by cassia Yet if the infirmitie haue continued long and brought the body to a great weakenesse Trincauel will then in no case admit Phlebocomy For giuing his aduise to one which had a boat and a dry liuer but a moist stomack and who was troubled with plentifull thinne spitting with paines in the ioynts and lassitude of the whole body he sayth In this body so spent with