endured more than a great league Caxton The number slaiâ—…e Froissart There were slaine in all to the number of two thousande When the king of Englande had thus passed the riuer hee acquit Gobin Agace and all hys companie of their raunsoms and gaue to y e same Gobin an hundred nobles Crotay burnt and a good horse and so the king roade foorth as he did before His marshals roade to Crotay by the Sea side and burnt the towne and tooke all such wines and goodes as were in the Shippes and Barkes which lay there in the hauen One of the Marshals road to the gates of Abuile and from thence to S. Richier and after to the towne of Rue saint Esperite This was on a Fryday and both the Marshals returned to the kings host about noone and so lodged all togither about Cressy in Ponthieu where hauing knowledge that the French king followed to giue 〈◊〉 battaile he commaunded his marshals to câ—…plot of ground somewhat to his aduantage 〈◊〉 he might there abide his aduersaries In the 〈◊〉 time the French king being come with at his â—…issance vnto Abuâ—…e and hearing hâ—… the 〈◊〉 EnglaÌ„d was passed ouer the riuer of Sâ—… 〈◊〉 dâ—…comfited sir Goâ—… dâ—… Foy he was 〈…〉 pleased in his minde but when he vnderstood 〈◊〉 his enimies were lodged at Cressy and meâ—… 〈◊〉 to abyde him he caused all his people to 〈…〉 of Abuâ—…e and early on the Saterday in the â—…ning anon after Sunne rysing he departed 〈◊〉 of the towne himselfe and marched towards his enimies The king of England vnderstanding that his aduersarie king Philip stil followed 〈◊〉 to giue him battaile and supposing that the 〈◊〉 Saterday he would come to offer it â—…oâ—…e 〈◊〉 in the morning and comaunded euery man 〈◊〉 to call vpon God for his ayde theâ—… to be â—…ed and to draw with speede into the field thâ—… the place before appoynted they might be set â—…der of battail Beside this he caused a pâ—…e to 〈◊〉 and closed by the woodde side behinde 〈…〉 in the which he ordeyned that all the Caâ—…tes aâ—…ges shoulde be set with all the horses 〈◊〉 eueryâ—… was on foot Then he ordeyned three 〈◊〉 in the first was the prince of Wales with him the Earle of Warwike the Lord Godfrey of Harecourt the Lord Stafforde the Lord de la Waâ—… the Lord Bourchier the lord Thomas Clifford Gâ—… 〈…〉 sayth that when they should inâ—… 〈…〉 English 〈◊〉 were yâ—… archeâ—… English de Welâ—…men beside â—…ther 〈◊〉 with 〈…〉 Ianâ—…ies and not â—…ully 400â—… 〈◊〉 the Lord Reginald Cobham the Lord Thomas Hollande sir Iohn Chandos sir Bartilâ—…w de Browash sir Rob. Neuil They were an vâ—…j C. men of armes and two M. archers a. M. of other with the Welchmen In the second bâ—…taile was the Erle of Northamton the Erle of Arundell the Lords Ros and Willowbie Baâ—…et S. Albine Multon and other The third battaile the king led himselfe hauing with him .vij. C. men of armes and two thousande Archers and in the other battayles were to the number of right hundred men of Armes and twelue hundred Archers Thus was the English armie marshalled according to the report of Froissart When euery man was gotten into order of battaile the king leapt vpon a white Hobbie Froissâ—…t The 〈◊〉 meâ—… 〈◊〉 the â—…e and rode from ranke to ranke to viewe them the one Marshall on hys ryght hande and the other on hys lefte desiring euerie manne that daye to haue regarde to hys ryght and honour Her spake it so courteously and wyth so good a countenaunce that euen they whiche before were discomforted tooke courage in hearing him speake suche sweete and louing woordes amongest them It was nine of the clocke or euer is 〈◊〉 â—…ed all his battayles and thervpon it caused euerie man to eate and drinke a little which they did at theyr ley sure This was a perillous battaile and sore foughten there were few taken to mercie for the English men had so determined in the morning Certaine French men and Almaines perforce opened the archers of the Princes battaile The princes battail pierced and came to fight with the men of armes hand to hand Then the seconde battaile of the Englishe men came to succor the Princes battaile and not before it was time for they of that battail had as then ynough to do insomuch that some which were 〈…〉 as the Erle of Northampton The 〈◊〉 Northamâ—… sendeth 〈◊〉 king and other 〈◊〉 the king where he stood aloft on a Wâ—… requiring him to aduaunce forward and 〈◊〉 their ayde they being as then sore layde tâ—… enimies The king here vpoÌ„ demaunded if 〈◊〉 were slaine hurt or felled to the earth 〈◊〉 the knight that brought the message The kings answere but 〈…〉 matched well sayd the king returne to him 〈◊〉 them that sent you and say to them that they send no more to me for any aduenture that â—…leth so long as my sonne is aliue for 〈◊〉 that this iourney be his with the honor theâ—… 〈◊〉 this answere the knight returned which 〈◊〉 encouraged them to do their best for to 〈◊〉 theyr spurres beeing halfe arashed in that they hâ—… sent to the king for ayde At length when it deâ—… toward euening that the Frenchmen wâ—… beâ—…ten downe slain on eche hand The French king depaâ—… out of the 〈◊〉 king Philip as it were by coÌ„straint departed out of the field not â—…uing as then past .lx. persons about him of whoÌ„ the L. Iohn of Heynâ—…ult was one by whose perswasion be chiefly consented to ride his way for his owne safegarde when hee sawe the losse was such as on that day it could not be recouered The slaughter of the Frenchmen was great and lamentable Great slaughter of Frenchmen Caxton Iames Mâ—… Polidor Froissâ—…rt Noble mâ—…n â—…aâ—… namely for the losse of so many noble menne as were slaine at the same battaile fought betwene Cressy Broy on that Sâ—…terday next following the feast of S. Bartholomew being as that yeare fell the .xxvj. of August Among other which died that day these 〈…〉 registred by name as chiefest Iohn king of Boheme Raufe Duke of Lorraine Charles of Alanso brother germaine to king Philip Charles Erle of Bloys Lewes Erle of Flanders also the Earle of Harecourt brother to the Lord Geâ—… of Harecourt with the Earles of Aussere Anmerle and Saint Poule beside diuers other of the nobilitie The English men neuer brake out of their battails to chase any man but kept themselues togithers in their wards and ranks defended themselues euer agaynst such as came to assayle them This battaile ended about euening When the Frenchmen were clearly ouerâ—…e and those that were left aliue fled gone so that the Englishmen heard no more noyse of them The king of England commeth downe from the hâ—… king Edwarde came downe from the hyll on the which hee had stood all that day with his helmet still on his head
vnto is Poole from whose mouth vpon the shore by South west in a bay of thrée miles of is a poore fisher towne called Sandwiche where we sawe a péere and a little fresh brooke The very vtter part of saint Adelmes poynt is fiue miles from Sandwich In another bay lyeth west Lylleworth where as I heare is some prosttable herborow for ships The towne of Poole is from Wâ—â—burne about foure miles and it standeth almost as an Isle in the hauen The hauen it selfe also if a man shoulde measure it by the circuite waâ—â—eth little of twenty mile as I did guesse by the view way Waiemouth or as some doe call it Wylemouth is couÌ„ted twenty meles from Poole y e head of this riuer riseth not full foure miles aboue the hauen by northwest at Vpâ—â—l in the side of a great â—…ill There is a little barre of sande at the hauen mouth a great arme of y e sea runneth vp by the right hand and scant a mile aboue the hauen mouth on the shore is a right goodly and warlike castle made which hath one open barbicane This arme ruÌ„neth vp also farder by a myle as in a baye to a point of land wher a passage is into PortlaÌ„d by a little course of pibble sande It goeth vp also from the sayd passage vnto Abbatesbiry about seuen miles of where a little sreshe roÌ„dell resorteth to the sea And somwhat aboue this Chesill is the head or point of the Chesill lying northwest which stretcheth vp from theÌ„ce about seueÌ„ miles as a maine narrow bank by a right line vnto the southest and there abutâ—… 〈…〉 But to procéede wyth our puâ—…pose Into the mouth of this riuer doe ships often 〈◊〉 for succour being past the same we meete with y e fal of a water néere to â—… Catherinâ—… chapple as we sailed by y e Shingle which came down froÌ„ Litton by Chilcomb and thence we went to Bruteport water that ariseth halfe a mile or more aboue Bemister from whence it goeth to Parnham Nâ—…therbury Welplash so to Bruteport afterwarde into y e sea taking in sundry waters w t al by the way wherof in my next treatise God willing I meane as of diuers other to make a particuler rehearsall Leuing the Brudeport we passed by Stantâ—… Gabriell beholding Charemouth Beaâ—…on a far of we 〈◊〉 our course toward y e same but ere we came there we behelde the fall of Chare which is a pretye water 〈◊〉 It ryseth about thrée miles aboue Charemouth by north in a parke of the kinges called Marshewood Next vnto this is the Buddle Buddle which coÌ„meth about thrée miles by north of Lyme from the hilles fléeting vpon rocky soyle and so falleth into the sea Beyond this is the Axe whose issue at thys present is harde vnder the rootes of Winter chifes Axe and the poyntes thereof beyng almost a myle in sunder the most westerlye of them called Berewood lyeth within halfe a mile of Seton but the other toward the east is called Whiteâ—…liffe wherof I haue spoken already This riuer riseth a mile northest froÌ„ Bemister a market Towne in Dorset shyre at a place called Axe knoll longing to Sir Giles Strangwaies in a moore hanging on the side of an hill And from thence it runneth to the ruines of an old Abbay called Fordes about foure or fiue miles from thence where it séemeth to bée a particion betwéene Sommersetshyre and Deuon then vnto Axe Minster in Deuonshyre and so thorowe the Towne it selfe wherein a great slaughter was made of Danes in Athelstanes tyme at Brunesdon fielde or rather Brunnedon as I read and whereof I finde thys annotation in an olde French Chronicle In the time of Athelstane y e greatest Nauie that euer aduentured into thys Islande arriued at Seton in Deuonshyre beyng replenished with Aliens that sought the conquest of this Island but Athelstane mette encouÌ„tred with them in the fielde where he ouerthrewe 6000. of his aforesayde enimyes Not one of them also that remayned alyue escaped from the battell wythout some deadlye or very grieuous wound In this conflicte moreouer were flaine fiue kings which were enterred in the Church yard of Axe minster and of the part of the king of Englande were kylled eyght Earles of the chiefe of hys nobilitye and they also buryed in the Churchyarde aforesayde Hereunto it addeth howe the Byshop of Shyreburne was in like sort slaine in thys battell that began at Brunedune néere to Colyton and indured euen to Axe minster which then was called Brunbery or Brunburg The same day that this thyng happened the sunne lost hys light and so continued without any bryghtnesse vntyll the setting of that Planet though otherwyse the season was cléere and nothing clowdye But to procéede after our riuer hath passed thorow Axeminster towne it goeth to y e bridg thereby where sone after it receiueth the the Artey â—…tey sometyme a raging water and finally to Axe mouth Towne froÌ„ whence after it hath as it were played it selfe in the pleasant botomes by the space of a quarter of a myle it goeth vnder White cliffe and so into the sea where it is called Axebaye and thus is that ryuer described As for the hauen which in times past as I haue hearde â—…idde hath béene at Sidmouth so called of Sidde a â—…yllet that runeth therto and likewyse at Seton I passe it ouer sith nowe there is none at al. â—…eton Yet hath there bene sometyme a notable one albeit that at this present betwene the two poyntes of the olde hauen there lyeth a mightie barre of pibble stones in the verye mouth of it and the ryuer Axe is driueÌ„ to the very east point of y e haueÌ„ called White clyffe Therat also a very little gull goeth into the sea whether small fisherbotes doe oft resort for succour The men of Seton beganne of late to stake and make a maine wall within the hauen to haue chaunged the course of the Axe and almost in the myddle of the old hauen to haue trenched thorow the Chesill therby to haue let out the Axe to haue taken in the maine sea but I here of none effect that this attempt dyd come vnto From Seton westwarde lyeth Colyton Coly about two myles by west Northwest whereof ryseth the ryuer Coly which goyng 〈◊〉 the aforesaide towne passeth by Colecomb parke and afterwarde falleth betwéene Axe brydge and Axe mouth towne into the Axe riuer Leauing the Coly we come soone after to Ottery hauen Otterey whose heade riseth at Ottery fiue myles aboue Mohuns Ottery or Ottery Flemming flat North. From hence it goeth to Vpoter Mohuns Ottery HunitoÌ„ Veniton bridge S. Mary Otterey Newton bridge Ottermouth and so into the sea On the west side of this hauen is Budeley almost directly against Otterton It is easie to be seene also that within lesse then 100. yeares ships did vse this haueÌ„ but now it is
staunched by which it had accesse before into the sea hetherto Leland Of the course of this ryuer also from Stanford I note thys furthermore out of another writing in my time Beyng past Staunten saith he it goeth by Burghley Vffington TallingtoÌ„ Magey Deping east Déeping and comming to Waldram hall it brauncheth into two armes wherof that which goeth to Singlesole receyueth the the Nene out of Cambridge shyre and then going by Dowesdale Trekenhole and wynding at last to Wisbiche it goeth by Liuerington S. Maries and so into the sea The other arme hasteth to Crowland Clowthouse Bretherhouse Pikale Cowbecke and Spalding Here also it receiueth y e BastoÌ„ dreane Longtoft dreane Déeping dreane thence goeth by Wickham into the sea taking with all on the right hand sondry other dreanes and thus farre he Next of all when we are past these we come to another fall of water into y e Wash which descendeth directly from Whaplade dreane to Whaplade towne in Hollande but because it is a water of small importaÌ„ce I passe from thence as hasting to the Nene of both the more noble riuer The next therfore to be described is the Auon 〈◊〉 otherwyse called Nene which the author describeth after this maner 〈◊〉 The Nene beginneth 4. miles aboue Northampton in Nene Mere where it riseth out of two heades which ioyne about Northampton Of this riuer the city countrie beareth the name although we now pronouÌ„ce HaÌ„pton for Auondune which error is coÌ„mitted also in south Auondune as we may easily sée In another place LelaÌ„d describeth y e said riuer after this maner The AuoÌ„ riseth in Nene mere field and goyng by Oundale and Peterborow it deuideth it selfe into thre armes wherof one goeth to Horney another to Wisbich the third to Ramsey and afterward beyng vnited againe they fall into the sea not very farre from Linne Finally the discent of these waters leaue here a great sort of Ilandes wherof Ely Crowland and Mersland are the chiefe Hetherto Lelande Howbeit because neither of these descriptioÌ„s touch the course of this riuer at the full I wil set downe the third which shal supply whatsoeuer the other do want The Auon therefore arising in Nenemere field is encreased with many Rilles before it come at Northhampton and one aboue Kings thorpe from wheÌ„ce it goeth to Dallington so to NorthhamptoÌ„ where it receiueth the Wedon and here I will stay till I haue described this riuer Vedâ—… The Wedon therfore riseth at Faulesse in maister Knightlies pooles and in Badby plashes also are certaine springs that resort vnto this streame Faulesse pooles are a mile from Chareton where the head of Chare ryuer is y e ruÌ„neth to Banbery There is but an hill called Albery hil betwene y e heds of these two riuers From the said hill therefore the Wedon directeth his course to Badby Newenham Euerton Wedon betwixt which and Floretowne Florus it receiueth the Florus a prety water rising of foure heds wherof the one is at Dauentry another at Watford the third at long Buck the fourth aboue Whilton and then passeth on to Heyford Kislingbury Vpton and so to Northampton where it falleth into the Auon receiuing finally by the way Bugiâ—… the Bugbrooke water at Heyford Patshall water nere Kislingbery and finally Preston water beneath Vpton which running from PrestoÌ„ by Wootton méeteth at the last with Milton Rill and so fal into Auon Now to resume the tractation of our Auon FroÌ„ Northhampton therfore it runneth by Houghton great Billing Whitstone Dodington and Willingborow where we must stay a while for betwene Willingborow and HighaÌ„ Ferries it receiueth a prety water comming froÌ„ about Kilmarshe â—…ilis which goyng by Ardingworth Daisborow Rushetâ—…n NewtoÌ„ Gaddington Boughton Warketon Ketteryng Berton and Burton méeteth there wyth Rothewel water â—…other which runneth west of Kettering to Hisham the greater Haridoâ—… and then into the Auon Beyng therfore past Burton our maine streame goeth to HighaÌ„ Ferris Artleborow Ringsted Woodford and méeting therby with Traâ—…ford Rill to Thrarston â—…cley north wherof it ioyneth also with the Ocley water that commeth froÌ„ Sudborowe and Lowicke to olde Vmkles Waden ho Pilketon Toke where it taketh in the Liueden Becke and so to Oundell Cotterstocke Tansoner and betwene Tothering and Warmington receyueth the Corby water which rising at Corby goeth by Weldon Corby Denethap Bulwich Bletherwijc Fineshed Arethorpe Newton Tothering so into the Auon After this the said Auon goeth to Elton Massington Yerwell Sutton Castor AllertoÌ„ and so to Peterborow where it deuideth it selfe into sondry armes those into seuerall braunches amoÌ„g the Fennes medowes not possible almost to benombred before it méete with the sea on the one side of the countrey fal into the Ouze on the other The Ouze which Leland calleth the third Isis Isis 3. falleth into the sea betwene Meriland and Downeham The chief hed of this riuer ariseth nere vnto Stalies from whence it coÌ„meth to Brackley sometyme a noble towne in Northampton shire but now scarcely a good village and there taking in on the left hande one water comming from the parke betwene Sysam and Astwell which runneth by Whitfield and Tinweston and another on the right froÌ„ Intley it goeth on by Westbyry Sisa Fulwell Water stretford BuckinghaÌ„ and Berton â—…melus beneath which towne the Eryn falleth into it whereof I finde this short discription to be inserted here The Eryn riseth not farre from Hardwijc in Northamptonshire Erin from hence it goeth by Heth Erinford Godderington Twyford Steple cladoÌ„ and ere it come at Padbiry Garan méeteth with the Garan brooke descending from Garanburg and so they go together by Padbiry till they fall into the Ouze which carieth them after the confluence to Thorneton bridge where they crosse another fall of water commyng from Whitlewood forest by Luffeld Lecamsted and Foscot and so to BeachamptoÌ„ Culuerton Stonystratford and Woluertâ—…â—…ere the Ouze méeteth with a water called as Lelande comeâ—â—ureth y e Vâ—…re or Were on the left hand as you go 〈◊〉 that coÌ„meth betwene 〈◊〉 and Wexenham in Northamptonshire goeth by Towcester and Aldertâ—â— and not 〈◊〉 from WoluertoÌ„ and 〈◊〉 into y e â—â—resaid Ouze which goeth also froÌ„ hence to Newpâ—â—te paâ—â—nell Verus wherein like â—…orâ—… I must stay a while 〈◊〉 I haue described another water named the Elée by whâ—…se 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 streame is not a little increaseâ—… Cle alias Claius The riuer râ—…seth in the very confine â—… betwene Bucâ—…inghaÌ„ and Bedfordshires not far from Whâ—…ppesnade and goyng on toward the northwest by Eaton and Layton it commeth to Linchelade where it entreth wholy into Buckinghamshire and so goeth on by Hammond Bricâ—…le Fenâ—…y stratford Simpson Walton and MiddletoÌ„ Saw beneath which it receiueth the Saw from a-aboue Halâ—…ot so goeth on till it méete with y e Ouze néere vnto Newpore as I haue said Being vnited therefore we
ecclesiasticall thorough Christendome conferred the whole clergy of Scotland accordyng to the olde lawes vnder the iurisdiction of the Archbishop of Yorke In the yeare of our Lord 1185. in the month of August at Cairleil Roulande Talnante lord of Galway did homage and fealty to the said king Henry with all that held of hym In the 22. yeare of the raigne of king Henry the 2. Gilbert sonne of Ferguse prince of Galway did homage and fealtie to the sayd king Henry and left Dunecan his sonne in hostage for conseruation of peace Richard surnamed Coeur de Lyon sonne of this Henry was next king of england to whoÌ„ the same William king of Scottes dyd homage at Caunterbury for the kyngdome of Scotland This king Richard was taken prisoner by the Duke of Ostrich for whose redemptioÌ„ the whole realme was taxed at great summes of money vnto the which this William king of Scots as a subiect was contributory and payed two M. markes sterlyng In the yere of our Lord 1199. Iohn kyng of england sent to William king of Scottes to come do his homage which William came to Lincolne in the moneth of December the same yeare and did his homage there vpon an hill in the presence of Hubert Archbishop of Caunterbury and of all the people there assembleâ—… and there was sworne vpon the crosse of the said Hubert Also he grâ—â—â—ted by his charter conâ—â—â—â—ed that he should haue the mariage of Alexander hys 〈◊〉 as hys liegeman alwayes to hold of the king of england promising moreâ—â—er that he the sayde king William his soâ—…e Alexander should kepe and hold faith and allegeance to Henry 〈◊〉 of the sayd king Iohn as to their chiefe Lord against all maner of men Also where as William king of Scots had put Iohn Bishoppe of s Andrewe out of his Bishopricke Pope Clemente wrote to Henry kyng of englande that he shoulde 〈◊〉 and indure the same William and if néede were requyre by hys Royall power compell hym to leaue his rancour agaynst y e sayd Bishop and suffer him to haue and occupye his sayde Bishopricke againe In the yeare of our Lorde 1216. and fiue and twenty of y e reign of king Henry sonne to king Iohn the same king Henry and the Quéene were at Yorke at y e feast of Christmasse for the solemnization of a marryage made in the feast of s Stephane the Martir the same yeare betwéene Alexander king of Scottes Margarete the kings daughter and there the sayde Alexander dyd homage to Henry king of Englande In Buls of diuers Popes were admonitions geueÌ„ to the kings of Scottes that they should obserue truly kéepe all such appointments as had ben made betwéene the kings of england and Scotland And that the kings of Scotland should holde the realme of Scotlande of the kings of englande vpon payne of curse and interditing After the deathe of Alexander kyng of Scottes Alexander his sonne beyng nyne yeres of age was by the lawes of Edgar inwarde to king Henry the 3. and by the nobles of Scotland brought to Yorke and there deliuered to him During whose minoritie king Henry gouerned Scotland and to subdue a commocion in this realme vsed the ayde of v. M. Scottishmen but king Henry dyed during the nonage of this Alexander whereby he receiued not his homage which by reason and law was respited vntil his full age of xxj yeares Edward the first after the conquest sonne of this Henry was next king of england immediately after whose coronation AlexaÌ„der king of Scottes being then of ful age did homage to hym for Scotlande at Westminster swearyng as all the reast did after this maner I.D.N. king of Scottes shal be true and faithfull vnto you Lorde E. by the grace of God king of England the noble and superior lord of the kingdome of Scotland and vnto you I make my fidelitie for the same kingdome the which I hold and claime to hold of you And I shall beare you my faith and fidelitie of lyfe and limme and worldly honour against all meÌ„ faithfully I shall knowledge and shall doe you seruice due vnto you of the kingdom of Scotland aforesayde as God me so helpe and these holy Euangelies This Alexander king of Scottes died leauing one only daughter called Margaret for his heire who before had maried Hanygo sonne to Magnus king of Norway which daughter also shortly after died leauyng one onely daughter her heire of the age of two yeares whose custody and mariage by the lawes of king Edgar and Edward the confessour belonged to Edward the first whervpon the nobles of Scotland were commauÌ„ded by our king Edward to send into Norway to conuey this yong Quéene into England to him whom he entended to haue maried to his soÌ„ne Edward and so to haue made a perfite vnion betwéene bothe Realmes Hereuppon their nobles at that tyme considering the same tranquillitie that many of them haue sithens refused stoode not vpon shiftes and delayes of minoritie nor conteÌ„pt but most gladly consented and therupon sent two noble men of Scotlande into Norway for hir to be brought to this king Edwarde but she died before their comming thither therefore they required nothing but to enioye the lawful liberties that they had quietly possessed in the last king Alexander his tyme. After the death of this Margaret the Scots were destitute of any heire to the crown from this Alexander their last king at which time this Edwarde discended from the bodye of Mawde daughter of Malcolme sometyme king of Scottes beyng then in the greatest broile of his warres with Fraunce mynded not to take the possession of that kingdome in his own right but was contented to establish Balioll to be king therof the weake title betwene him Bruse Hastings being by the humble peticion of all the realme of Scotland committed to the determination of this king Edward wherin by autentique writing they confessed the superioritie of the realme to remaine in king Edward sealed with the seales of iiij Bishops vij earles and xij barons of Scotland which shortly after was by the whole assent of y e thrée estates of Scotland in their solemne Parliament confessed and enacted accordingly as most euidently doth appeare The Balioll in this wise made kyng of ScotlaÌ„d did immediately make hys homage and fealty at Newcastle vpon saint Freâ—â—â—â— day as 〈◊〉 likewise all the Lordes of Scotland â—â—he one setting his hand to the compoâ—â—â—ion in writing to king Edward of England for the kingdom of Scotland but shortly after defrauding the benigne goodnesse 〈◊〉 this king Edward he rebelled and did 〈◊〉 much hurt in englande Hereupon king Edward inuaded Scotland seaâ—â—d into his haÌ„dâ—… the greater part of the countrey and tooke all the strengthes thereof whereuppon Baliol king of Scottes came vnto king Edwarde at Mauntrosse in Scotland with a white 〈◊〉 in his hand and there resigned the crownâ—… of Scotland with all his right title and interest to the same into the
Bewdley our Sauerne hasteth directly to Ribford Areley and Redston and here it méeteth with a water called Stoure â—…re descending from Eley or out of the pondes of Hales owen in Worcester shire where it receyueth one rill from y e left hand and an other from the right and then goeth on to Sturbridge taking in there the third water ere long running from Sturton castle then to Kniuer Whittenton Ouerley and Kydormister aboue which it crosseth one brookelet that commeth thyther by churche hill and another beneath it that runneth by Belborow betwixt which two waters lyeth and odde péece of Staffordshire included and also the Cle hill From hence the aforesayde Sauerne hasteth by Redston to Shrawley and aboue this towne receiueth the Asteley water â—…y as beneath the same it doth an other From Witley theÌ„ it goeth on to Holt castle and so to Grimley taking in therabout with the Dour â—…r â—…waye and Sulway waters whereof this riseth at Chadswijc and runneth by Stoke priory Droitwiche the other aboue Chaddesley and commeth by Dourdale After this it goeth forth vnto Worcester in olde tyme called Cair Brangon or Cair â—…rangon where it méeteth with the Tiber Tiber. or TibertoÌ„ water on the right hand aboue that city and beneath it néere vnto Powijc with y e Temde whose description shall be set downe before I procéede or goe any further wyth the Sauerne The Temde or as some name it y e Tame Temde riseth vp in Radnorshire out of the MeleÌ„nith hils and soone after hys issue méeting with a water from Withal it runneth to Begeldy Lanuerwaterden and so to Knighton which is v. or vj. miles as I heare from hys originall From Knighton it goeth ouer the ditch of Offa vnto Standish and crossyng a rill that commeth from betwene the parkes named Clude and is a bound of Radnorshire it goeth to Buckton Walford and Lanuarde Clude where it méeteth with the Bardwell or Berfield and the Clun both in one chanell of which I find these descriptions here followyng worde for worde in Lelande The Bardwell or Barfield riseth aboue new chappel Berfielde Clun in the honour of Clun hard by the ditche of Offa and goeth by Bucknell The Clun issueth out of the ground betwéene Lhan Vehan and Maiston and going on by Bucton Clun-castle Clundon Purslaw and Clunbiry it crosseth with a brooke that runneth along by Kempton and Brampton Thence goyng forth by Clunbury Brome Abcot and Marlow it méeteth with the Bardwell and so in-the Temde not very farre from Temderton I suppose that LelaÌ„d calleth the Bardewell by the name of Owke Owke but I will not abide by it because I am not sure of it After these confluences therfore our Temde goeth by Trippleton Dounton Burrington and Broomefield Oney where it méeteth with the Oney which is an indifferent streame and increased with sundry waters wherof I say as followeth The first of all is called the Bow Bow It riseth as I learne in the hilles betwéene Hissington and Shelue and from thence coÌ„meth down by Lindley and Hardwijc where it crosseth the Warren that issueth out of the ground about Rotly chappell Warren and runneth by Adston and Wentnor After the confluence also goyng on by Choulton and Cheynies it taketh in the Queney and Strabroke both in one chanell Queney Strabrok wherof the first riseth at Lebotwood and commeth downe by the Strettons till it passe by Fellanton The seconde mounteth about Longuill goeth by Rushebury Newhall Harton and Alcaster from whence it is not long ere it fal into the Queny and so by Stratford into the Oney which hath borne that name sithens the confluence of the Bow and WarreÌ„ at Hardwijc wherof I spaâ—…te before Finally the Oney which some call the Somergill beyng thus increased Somergil it runneth on to Hawford chappel NewtoÌ„ Oneybury Bromefield so into Temde and next of all to Ludlow The Temde beyng thus brought to Ludlow méeteth with y e Corue which commeth thorowe Coruedale froÌ„ aboue Brocton by Morehouses Corue Shipton Hungerford and a little beneath takyng in a ril that commeth by Tugford and Brancost castle goeth on to Corsham castle and there crossing another from s Margarets Clée it hyeth to Stanton Lacy and so likewyse to Ludlow From Ludlow in lyke sort it goeth to Ludford the Ashefordes little Hereford Burrington and at Burfford vniteth it selfe with the Ladwich that commeth beneth Milburne stoke Ladwiche from betwéene Browne Cléehill and Stitlertons hill to Middelton Henley Ladwich Conam and so into Temde which beneth Temdbury receyueth another rill on the other side and the second on y e left hand called Rhe Rhe. that commeth from aboue Ricton Staterton Hounde Nene Clebiry Knighton and then into the Temde From hence the Temd goeth by Astha Lingridge Shelley Welch Clifton Whitburne and crossing a water that commeth from y e Sapies to Knightwijc and Bradwaies Here about againe it intertaineth a rill that descendeth from aboute Kidbury on the right hand and goeth by Collomathern Credeley Aufrike and so into Temd and then proceedyng forwarde the said streame renneth to Braunforde ere long taking in the Langherne that ryseth about Martley Langherne and passeth by Kengewijc it goeth to Powijc and so into the Sauerne before it come at Wickecester Thus haue I brought all such streames before me that fall into the Sauerne from the hed vntill I come to Powijc wherof as you may easily perceiue the Temde is the most excellent Now it resteth that I procéed with the rest of the discourse intended concernyng this our riuer Certes froÌ„ Powijc mils which are about halfe a myle beneath Worcester y e Sauerne runneth on to Kempsey and Cleueld whence after it hath crossed a brooke commyng from Eowley it hasteth first to Stoke and so to Vpton but ere it come there it drouneth another fall descendyng from Maluerne hilles by Blackemore parke and soone after the third growyng by two braunches whereof one commeth also from Maluerne hils by little Maluerne and Welland the other from Elderford by Pendock and Longdon After these confluences in lyke sort it runneth to Bushelley Tewkesbiry where it receiueth the Auon that foloweth next of all in order to be described before I procéed any further in my discourse of Sauerne The Auon riseth at Nauesby in the borders of Northampton shire Aâ—… a â—…ittle side haÌ„d of Gilleshnrow and foote of the hils whereon Nauebey standeth and eueÌ„ out of the churchyard of the sayde village From hence it goeth to Welford Stamforde Lilburne Clifton and Rugby by north wherof it crosseth a water called Swift which commeth from aboue Kymcote to Lutterworth 〈◊〉 Browne ouer and Colsford From thence also it goeth to Newbold Wolston Ruington betwene the Stonlies taketh in the Sow Soâ—… This Sowe is a prety water coÌ„ming from aboue Calendon to Whitley soone after méeting with a
Countie stone by Burros and soone after beneath Tunstal the Gretey Gretey which desceÌ„ding from about Ingelborow hill passeth by Twyselton Ingleton Thorneton Burton Wratton neare Thurlande castell toucheth finally with the Lune which brauncheth and soone after vniteth it selfe againe After this also it goeth on towarde New parke receyueth the Wenny Wenny Hinburne and the Hinburne both in one chanell of which this riseth north of the crosse of Grete and going by Benthams and Robertes hill aboue Wray taketh in the Rheburne that riseth north of Wulfcragge Rheburne After thys confluence also aboue New parke it maketh his gate by Aughton Laughton Skirton Lancaster Excliffe Awcliffe Sodday Orton and so into the sea Thus haue you both the descriptions of Lune make your conference or election at your pleasure for I am sworne to neyther of them both Docker Kery The next fall is called Docker and peraduenture the same that Lelande doth call the Kery it ryseth north of Docker towne and going by Barwijc hall it is not increased before it come at the sea Being past this we finde a forked arme of the sea called Kensandes into the first of which diuers waters doe runne in one chanell as it were from foure principal heades one of them comming from Grarrig hall another from by west of Whinfielde ioyning with y e first on the east side of Skelmere parke Sprota The third called Sprot or Sprota ryseth at Sloddale and commeth downe by west of Skelmer parke so that these two brookes haue the aforesayde parke betwéene them and fall into the fourth east of Barneside not very farre in sunder The fourth or last called Ken Ken. coÌ„meth froÌ„ Kentmeres side and going to Stauelop it taketh in a rill froÌ„ Chappleton Inges Then leauing Colnehed parke by east it passeth by Barneside to Kendall Helston Sigathe Siggeswijc Leuenbridge Milnethorpe and so into the sea Certes this Ken is a pretie déepe riuer yet not safely to be aduentured vpoÌ„ with Botes and Balingers by reason of rolling stones and other huge substaunces that oft annoy trouble the middest of the chanell there The other péece of y e forked arme Winâ—… is called Winstar y e head wherof is aboue Winstar chappell and going downe almost by Carpmaunsell and Netherslake it is not long eare it fall into the sea The Winander water ryseth about Dumbalrase stenes Winâ—… from whence it goeth to Langridge where it maketh a méere theÌ„ to Ambleside and taking in eare it come there two rilles on the left hande and one on the right that commeth by Clapergate it maketh as I take it the greatest méere or freshe water in Englande for as I reade it is well neare ten myles in length Therinto also doe thrée or foure waters come whereby the quantity thereof is not a little increased finally comming to one smal chanell aboue Newbridge it is not long eare it fall into the sea On the west side of the point also commeth another thorow Furnesse felles Spaâ—… and froÌ„ the hilles by north thereof which eare long making another Lake not farre from Hollinhow and going by Bridge ende in a narrow chanell passeth forth by Cowlton Sparke bridge and so into the sea There is in like sorte a water called the Fosse Fosse that ryseth neare vnto Arneside and Tillerthwates goeth forth by Grisdale Saterthwate Ruslande Powbridge Bowth so falleth with the Winander water into the maine sea Hauing passed the Leuen or Conysandes or Winander fall for all is one I come to the Lew which riseth at Lewike chappell Leuâ—â— falleth into the sea beside Plumpton The Rawther descending out of lowe Furnesse hath two heades Rawâ—… whereof one commeth froÌ„ Pennyton the other by Vlmerstone abbay and ioyning both in one chanell they hasten into the sea whither all waters dirâ—…ct theyr voyage Then come we to another rill south west of Aldingham descending by Glaiston castell and likewyse the fourth that ryseth neare Lyndell and running by DawltoÌ„ castell and Furnesse abbay not farre from the Barrow heade it falleth into the sea ouer against Wauey and Wauey chappell except myne aduertisementes misleade me The Dodon coÌ„meth froÌ„ the Shire stone hill bottome going by Blackhil Dodon Southwake s Iohns Vffay parke and Broughton it falleth into the saltwater betwéene Kyrby and Mallum castell and thus are we now come vnto the Rauenglasse point Comming to Rauenglasse I finde harde by the towne a water comming from two heades and both of them in Lakes or Poles wherof one issueth out of Denock méere is called Denock water â—…enocke the other named Eske from Eske pole â—…ske which runneth by Eskedale Dalegarth and soone after méeting with the Denocke betwéene Mawburthwate RaueÌ„glasse falleth into the sea On the other side of Rauenglasse also coÌ„meth the Mite brooke from Myterdale as I reade â—…ite Then finde we another which commeth from the hylles and at the fyrst is forked but soone after making a Lake they gather againe into a smaller chanell finally méeting with the Brenge â—…renge they fall into the sea at Carleton southeast as I wéene of Drig â—…ander The Cander or as Lelande nameth it the Calder commeth out of Copeland Forrest by Cander Sellefielde and so into the sea Then come we to Euer water descending out of a pole aboue Coswaldhow and thence going by Euerdale it crosseth a water from Arladon and afterward procéedeth to Egremond S. Iohns and taking in another ryll from Hide it is not long ere it méeteth with the sea The next fall is at Moresby wherof I haue no skill FroÌ„ thence therefore we cast about by s Bées to Derwentset haueÌ„ whose water is truely written Dargwent or Deruent Dargwent It riseth in the hilles about Borrodale from whence it goeth to the Graunge theÌ„ce into a Lake in which are certaine Islandes and so to Keswijc where it falleth into the Bursemere or the Burthmere pole In like sort the Burthmere water Burthâ—…éere rising among the hils goeth to Tegburthesworth Forneside S. Iohns and Threlcote and there méeting with a water from Grisdale by Wakethwate Grise called Grise it runneth to Burnesse Keswijck and there receiueth the Darwent From Keswijc in like sorte it goeth to Thorneswate there making a plash to Armanswate Isel Huthwate and Cokermouth here it receyueth the Cokar Cokar which rising among the hilles commeth by Lowsewater Brakenthwate Lorton and so to Cokarmouth towne froÌ„ wheÌ„ce it hasteth to Bridgeham and receiuing a rill called the Wire on the south side that ruÌ„neth by Dein it leaueth Samburne and Wirketon behinde it entreth in the sea Wire Leland sayth that the Wire is a creeke where shippes lie oft at rode and that Wirketon or Wirkington towne doth take hys name thereof But to procéede the Elme riseth in the mines aboue Amautrée Elmus
deade one Iohn a man of great holinesse was admitted Bishop and after that Bishop Wilfride was restored after he had remayned a long time in exile The sayde Iohn was remoued to the Church of Yorke Iohn Archbyshop of York the same beeing then voyde by the death of the Archbyshoppe Bosa At length the foresayd Iohn aweried with the cares-of publyke affayres resigned his Sea and got him vnto Beuerley He resigneth his See 721 where hee lyued a solitarie lyfe for the space of foure yeares and then dyed about the yeare of our Lorde .721 King Osrike as then reigning in Northumberlande Hee continued Byshoppe for the space of .xxiiij. yeares and buylded a Churche and founded a Colledge of Priests at Beuerley aforesayde in which church he lyeth buried The same yeare or in the yeare after that king Ecgfride was slaine Lother king of Kent departed this life 686. hath Mat West Lother king of Kent dyeth of a wounde the .viij. Ides of Februarie of a wounde by hym receiued in a battaile whiche he fought agaynst the South Saxons the which came in ayde of Edricke that was sonne vnto his brother Ecgbert and had mainteyned warre agaynst his vncle the sayde Lother euen from the begynning of his raigne till finally he was nowe in the sayd battaile striken through the bodie with a dart and so died thereof after he had raigned .xj. yeares and .vij. Monethes It was thought that hee was disquieted with continuall warres and troubles and finally brought to his end before the natural course of his time for a punâ—…shment of his wicked consent giuen to the putting to death of his cousins Ethelbert and Ethilbrit as appeared in that when they were reported to be Martyrs bycause it was knowne they dyed innocently VVil. Malm. hee mocked them and made but a ieast at it although his brother in acknowledging his fault repented him therof Capgâ—â—â— their 〈◊〉 and gaue as it were in recompence to theyr mother a part of the I le of Thanet to the buylding of a Monasterie Then Ceadwalla king of the West Saxons being thereof aduertised supposing the time now to bee come that would serue his purpose as one still coueting to worke the Kentish men all the displeasure he coulde entred with an armie into their Countrey and beganne to wast and spoyle the same on eche side till finally the Kentishmen assembling themselues togither gaue battaile to their enimies and put them to flight Mollo brother to Ceadwalla was dryuen from hys companie and constrayned to take an house for his refuge but his enimies that pursued hym sette fyre thereon and burned both the house and Mollo within it to Ashes Mollo 〈◊〉 to king Ceadwalla 〈◊〉 death Yet dyd not Ceadwalla herewith depart oute of the Countrey but to wreake his wrathe and to reuenge the griefe which he tooke for the death of his brother hee wasted and destroyed a greate parte of Kent ere hee returned home and left as it were an occasion to his successor also to pursue the quarell as after shall appeare The Kentishmen being destitute of a king after that diuerse had coueted the place and sought to ataine therto as well by force as otherwise to the great disquieting of that prouince for y e space of sixe yeares togither at length in the .vij. yeare after the death of Edrick â—…ictred is â—…ade king of â—…ent Withred an other of the sonnes of king Ecgbert hauing with diligente trauaile ouercome enuie at home and with money redeemed peace abrode was with great hope conceyued of his worthinesse made king of Kent the .xj. of Nouember .205 after the death of Hengest and raigned .xxxiij. yeares not deceyuing his subiectes of their good conceyued opinion of him for ouercomming all his aduersaries which were readie to leuie cyuill warre agaynst him he also purchased peace of Inas king of the West Saxons whiche ment to haue made him warre till with money he was made his friend A little before that Withred was confirmed in the kingdome of Kent Hen. Hunt Beda li. 5. ca. 8 Webhard and Nitred kings â—…y vsurpation â—…nd not by â—â—ccession as H. Hunt wriâ—…eth there raigned two kings in that countrey Suebhard or Nidred or rather the same Withred if the printed copie of Bedas booke intituled Ecclesiastica historia geÌ„tis Anglorum haue not that name corrupted for where he sheweth that the Archbishop Theodorus being of the age of .88 yeares departed this life in the yeare of our Lorde .690 in the next chapter he declareth that in the yeare .692 the first day of Iuly one Brightwalde was chosen to succeede in the Archbishops sea of Canterburie Wictredus and Suebhardus as then raigning in Kent but whether Wicttedus gouerned as then with Suebhardus or that some other named Nitred it forceth not for certain it is by the agreement of writers that till Wictred obteyned the whole rule there was great strife and contention moued about the gouernment and diuerse there were that sought and fought for it Brightwald the first Archbishop of the English nation But this ought to be noted y t the forenamed Brightwalde was the eight Archbishop in number and first of the English nation that sat in the sea of Canterburie for the other seuen that were predecessors to him were straungers borne and sent hither from Rome Inas king of VVest Saxons Bycause that now the rule of the Brytaines commonly called Welchmen The Brytaynes ceasse to raign in this lande ceassed in thys Realme as by confession of their awne wryters it appeareth and that in the ende the whole Monarchie of the same Realme came to y e hands of y e kings of West Saxons we haue thought meete to referre things general vnto y e raignes of y e same kings as before wee did in the Brytaine Kings reseruing the particuler doings to the kings of the other Prouinces or kingdomes as the same haue fallen out and shall come to hande This Inas which some mistaking theâ—… for an u do wrongfully name Iue or Iewe Fabian Henric. HuÌ„t proued a right excellent Prince hee was discended of the auncient lynage of the kings of the West Saxons as sonne to one Kenred that was sonne to Ceolwald the sonne of Cutha or Cutwyne that was sonne to Kenrick the sonne of Certicus â–ª the first king of West Saxons But he was aâ—â—itted to the kingdome more for the valiant prowes knowne to rest in his worthie person than for the successiue ofspring of which he was descended The first voyage that â—…e made was agaynst the Kentishmen on whom 〈◊〉 purposed to reuenge the death of his cosin Mollâ—… the griefe where of as yet he kept in fresh memoriâ—… Mat. VVest VVil. Malm. But when the Kentish men perceiued that to resist him by force they were nothing able they attempted by money to buy theyr peace and so obteined their purpose vppon payment made to him of .xxx. M. markes of siluer
done to his nation by the Brytayns who likewise were as readie to receyue battayle as the Scottes and Pictes were desirous to giue it so that bothe the armies encountring togither the Scottes and Pictes on the one side and the Brytayns on the other there ensued a sore conflict betwixte them continued with vnmercyfull slaughter till night parted them in sunder A doubtfull battayle No man as then able to iudge who had the better but either parte beyng priuie to their owne losses withdrew themselues further off from the place of the battell so that the Scottes and Pictes the same night gotte them into the mountaynes of Picte lande and the Brytons so soone as it was day made homewards with all speede towardes their countrey leauing no smal pray and bootie behind them which the Scottish men and Picts recouered coÌ„ming downe withall speede froÌ„ the mountaines when they once heard that their enimies were departed King Ewyn being returned from this iourney determined to passe the residue of his lyfe in reste and quietnesse appointyng iudges in euery parte of his Realme for the ministring of iustice and executing of the lawes according to the due forme and ordinance of the same He appointed also such as should watche for the apprehension of thieues and robbers by the high wayes assigning them liuings of the common treasorie to liue by And there be euen vnto this day that holde still such liuings though the office be worne out of vse and forgotten After this he buylded a castell not far distaunt from Berigonium whiche hee named after his owne name Euonium but afterwardes it was called Dounstafage Dounstafage is buylded whiche is as muche to say as Steuennes castell whiche name it beareth at this present Finally this Ewyn after he had raygned to the great weale of the Realme about xix yeares he departed this life leauing behinde him a sonne base begotten named Gillus who causing his fathers funerals to be executed with all solempne pompe and ceremonies raised vp soone after sundrie Obeliskes aboute his graue neare vnto Dounstafage where he was buried There were present also at the buriall twoo of Durstus his sonnes whome Ewyn in his life time had reuoked home out of Ireland where they were in exile Bothe these aswell the one as the other bicause they were twinnes and not knoweÌ„ whether of theÌ„ came first into the world looked to be king after Ewyn Their names were Dothan Dorgal And such malicious emulatioÌ„ and enuious spite rose betwixt the two brethren for the attayning of their purpose that greater could not be deuised The crafty working of Gillus whiche Gillus like a craftie subtill Foxe by couert meanes sought still to augment and in the end causing them to come togither for some conclusion of agreement at length when he had set them further at oddes than they were before he procured a number of Souldiers appoynted for the purpose to rayse a tumult as though it had bene in taking of contrary partes and there to slea them bothe Thus Gillus hauing brought to purpose that he came for Durstus twoo sonnes are slaine sheweth in countenaunce as though he had bene much offended therewith and done what he coulde to haue appeased the matter and herewith he commeth running foorth with a highe voyce declaring to his coÌ„panie that if he had not made good shifte for himselfe he had bene slaine by the handes of Dothan and Dorgall who fell into suche mischiefe themselues as they had prepared for other Herevpon also he required his friendes and seruaunts most earnestly to conuey him into some sure place where he might be out of dauÌ„ger and in better securitie in so much that many of those that hearde him giuing credite to his woordes went with him with all speede vnto Dounstafage where being receyued into the castell with diuers of the Nobles that followed him he gotte him into a galery and there making an inuectiue oration against the Sonnes of Durstus and touching by the way what perill might ensue to the common wealth by ciuill diuision he perswaded them to committe the rule vnto his handes vntill it mighte be certainely knowen vnto whom the same of right appertayned Those that were present perceyuing to what issue his paynted processe tended The Nobles through 〈◊〉 consented to creâ—â—â— Gillus king and doubting least if they shoulde seeme to stande against him at that instant in this his demaunde they might happely be the firste that shoulde repent the bargaine consented to proclayme him king whervpoÌ„ he required al such as were present to sweare to him fealtie and to do him homage according to the custome And herewith agreably as he had before promised and according to his fathers will as he alledged he distributed among them all suche cattell as belonged to his saide father Whereby he wanne the greater fauour of many but yet not iudging himselfe altogether in suretie by reason that Dothan had left behinde him three sonnes as then remayning in the Isle of Man in the bringing vp of the Druides Gillus goeth about to murther Dothaâ—â— sonnes also he purposed therefore to dispatche them also for the better assurance of his estate and therevpon made a iourney thither himselfe fayning as though he meant nothing but al loue and friendly affection towards the children by whiche meanes he gatâ—… twoo of them into his handes the one named Lismorus being about twelue yeeres of age and the other Cormacus that was twoo yeares yonger The yongest of the three named Ederus being aboute seuen yeares olde as his better happe was chaunced to be sicke at that time by reason wherof he escaped his hands Gillus feyning as though he wished to haue the other two brought vp like the children of a Prince he ledde them away with him into Scotland leauing certaine of his seruants behinde him to ridde Ederus the yongest out of the way at leysure and as for the other twaine the night following after his comming home to Dounstafage A detestable murther hee caused them to bee murthered euen in their Tutors armes whose ayde most pitifully they besought and required But the woman that had the keeping of Ederus now in his sicknesse prouided more warely for his sauegarde for shee smelling out what was the kings purpose Ederus escapeth in the dead of the night gotte hir selfe togither with Ederus into a ship and passed ouer into Argyle where being set a lande she caried him on hyr shoulders vp into the mountaines and there within a secrete denne susteyned his languishing life for certaine monethes in great care and misery Gillus notwithstanding these his cruel acts Gillus counterfeyteth a zeale to iustice shewed yet in outward apparaunce that no man was more desirous of the quiet state and prosperous successe of the common wealth than hee euer reasoning amongest his nobles and that in the presence of his coÌ„mons touching the maintenance of iustice and punishment of misdoâ—â—s whereas
Eugenius after he had gouerned the kingdome about three yeares his bodie was buried in Colmekill amongest his auncesters thoughe the people thought it little worthie of that honor which had misused it selfe so inordinately in this present life Ferguse 767. AFter him came the administration of the Realme vnto Ferguse the thirde the sonne of king Ethfine in the yeare 767. who being established in the same Ferguse the thirde created king beganne freely to practise all kindes of vices which most abundantly raigned in him howbeit till that day wonderfully dissembled and kept couert He seemed to striue howe to passe his predessour in all poyntes of wickednesse A wicked Prince Hee tooke no regarde at all to the gouernment of his Realme but gaue himselfe to excessiue gluttonie in deuouring of delicate meates and drinks and therwith kept suche a number of vile strumpettes in house with him whom hee vsed as concubines that his wife was no better esteemed than as an handmayde or rather a kitchin mayde Who being a woman of great modestie and sober aduisednesse coulde not yet but take sore griefe and indignation hereat and therefore sundrie tymes assayed by waye of wholesome perswasions to turne his minde from such sinfull vsages and filthie trade of liuing Finally when she saw there was no hope to conuert his deprauate minde nor by any meanes to refourme him but that the more shee laboured to doe good vppon him the worse he was through verie displeasure of suche iniuries as shee daylye susteyned at the handes of his concubines King Ferguse the third strangled by his wife shee founde meanes to strangle him secretely one night as hee lay in his bed choosing rather to be without a husband than to haue one that shoulde deceyue hir of the right and dutie of mariage and that in such sort as she must be faine to suffer the reproch dayly afore hir face being misvsed of them whom he kept as paramours in most dispiteful maner The day after she wrought this feate the bodie being founde deade was apparayled in funerall wise brought forth into the place of iudgement where inquisition was straightly made what they were that had done so heynous a deed For though there were but few that lamented his death yet some of his friends were verie earnest to haue the matter tryed forth that such as had cōmitted the murther might suffer due punishment Suspicious persons are racked Many were apprehended and had to the rack but yet could not be founde that would confesse it The Queene was voyde of all suspition as she that had bene taken for a woman at all times of great temperancie But yet when shee hearde that a number of innocent persons were tormented without desart sore lamenting as shoulde appeare theyr miserable case she came hastily into the Iudgement hall The Queene confessed the murther and getting hir aloft vpō the bench there in the presence of al the company she had these or the like wordes vnto the whole assembly I knowe not good people I knowe not what God moueth me or what diuine reuengement vexeth me with sundry thoughts and cogitations that of all this daye and morning preceeding I haue had neither rest in bodie nor minde And verely when I hearde that certaine guiltlesse persons were cruelly tormented here in your presence had not wrath giuen place party vnto modestie whereof I must confesse there is left but a small portiō in me I had forthwith rid my self out of the way The kings death was mine act Conscience constrayneth me setting apart mine owne safegarde to confesse the truth least the guiltlesse shoulde wrongfully perishe Therefore vnderstande yee for truth that none of them whome ye haue examined are priuie to the offence I verily am she that with these wicked handes haue strangled this night last past Ferguse about whose death I see you in trouble moued so to do with two as sharpe pricks as may rest in a woman to wit Impatient forbearing of carnall lust and yrefull wrath Ferguse by his continuall vsing of concubines kept from me the due debt that the husbande oweth to the wife whereupon when there was no hope to reconcile him with often aduertisementes vehement force of anger rysing in my heart droue mee to doe so wicked a deed I thought lieffer therefore to dispatch the Adulterer then being destitute of my husbande and defrauded of all Queenely honor to liue still subiect vnto the perpetuall iniuries of such lewde women as hee kept and vsed in my steade She giueth hir owne sentence Loose ye therefore those that be accused of the kings death and as for me ye shall not neede to proceede agaynst me as guiltie of the crime by order of law for I that was so bolde to commit so heynous an act will accordingly do execution vpon my selfe euen here incontinently in presence of you all what honour is due to the deade looke you to that Hauing thus made an ende of hir tale The Queene taketh execu◅ of hir selfe shee plucked forth a knife which she had hid vnder hir gowne and stroke hirselfe to the heart with the same falling deade vpon it downe to the grounde All such as were present wondered greatly at hir stoute and hardie stomacke speaking diuersly thereof as some in prayse and some in disprayse of these hir monstrous doings The bodie of Ferguse was caryed foorth to the I le of Colmekill and there buryed in the thirde yeare after his entring into the gouernment and in the yeare of our Lorde 769. 767. H.B. The Quenes corps was not buried in sacred ground for that she slue hirselfe Thus he being in maner impotent and lame of his lymmes there were some commotions misorders the more boldly attempted first amongst thē of y e out Iles. A rebellion For Bane Makedonald goueruernor by the kings appointment of the Ilande called Tyre got all the castels and fortresses of the Iles into his owne handes and strengthned with a route of vnruly and mischieuous youthful persons Makedonalde proclaymed king of the Iles. toke possession of al the said Iles causing himselfe to be proclaimed king of the same And yet not contented herewith he gathered a number of shippes togither wherein transporting himselfe with a great armie ouer into Lorne and Cantyre He inuadeth Lorn and Cantyre made great wast spoyle of those countreys til Duthquhal gouernor of Athole and Culane of Argyle A power from the king is sent against him beeing sent with a chosen power from the king to defend the countrey chaunced to encounter with him and putting him with hys people vnto flight chased them vnto such a strait where there was no way to get forth saue onely that by which they entered This place is in Lorn with a strayght passage to enter into it but whē ye are within it the same is verie large and brode enuironed aboute with craggie mountaynes chayned togither
importable vnto you than the bloudie tyrannie of Makbeth now is Makduffes aunswere Hereunto Makduffe answered this surely is a very euill fault for many noble Princes and Kings haue lost both lyues and Kingdomes for the same neuerthelesse there are women ynowe in Scotlande and therefore follow my counsell make thy selfe king and I shall conuey the matter so wisely that thou shalt be so satisfied at thy pleasure in such secrete wise that no man shall be aware therof Then saide Malcolme I am also the moste auaritious creature on the earth so that if I were king I should seeke so many wayes to get lands and goodes that I woulde slea the most part of all the nobles of Scotland by surmised accusations to the end I might enioy their lands goods and possessions therfore to shew you what mischief may ensue on you through mine vnsatiable couetise I will rehearse vnto you a fable There was a Foxe hauing a sore place on him ouerset with a swarme of flies that continually sucked out hir bloud A fable of a Foxe and when one that came by and saw this maner demaunded whether she woulde haue the flies dryuen besyde hir she answered no For if these flies that are alreadie full and by reason thereof sucke not very egerly should be chased away other that are emptie and felly an hungred shoulde light in theyr places and suck out the residue of my bloud farre more to my grieuance than these which now being satisfied doe not much annoy me Therefore sayth Malcolme suffer me to remaine where I am least if I attaine to the regiment of your realme mine inquenchable auarice may proue such that ye would thinke the displeasures which now grieue you should seeme easie in respect of the vnmeasurable outrage whiche might ensue through my comming amongst you Makduffe to this made answere Couetousnesse the roote of al mischiefe how it was a farre worse fault than the other for auarice is the roote of all mischiefe and for that crime the most part of our kings haue bene slain brought to their finall ende Yet notwithstanding follow my counsel and take vpon thee the crowne there is golde and riches inough in Scotlande to satisfie thy greedie desire Then sayde Malcolme againe I am furthermore inclined to dissimulation telling of leasings and all other kinds of deceyt so that I naturally reioyce in nothing so muche as to betray and deceyue suche Dissimulation and deliting in lyes as put any trust or confidence in my wordes Then sith there is nothing that more becommeth a prince than constancie veritie truth and iustice with the other laudable felowship of those faire and noble vertues which are comprehended onely in soothfastnesse that lying vtterly ouerthroweth y e same you see how vnable I am to gouerne any prouince or region and therfore sith you haue remedies to cloke and hide al the rest of my other vices I pray you find shift to cloke this vice amongst the residue Then sayd Makduffe this yet is the worst of all and there I leaue thee and therefore say oh ye vnhappie miserable Scottishmen Makduffes exclamation which are thus scourged with so many and sundrie calamities eche one aboue other Ye haue one cursed and wicked tyrant that nowe raignes ouer you without any right or tytle oppressing you with his most bloudie crueltie This other that hath the right to the crowne is so replete with the in constant behauiour and manifest vices of English men that he is nothing worthie to enioy it for by his owne confession he is not onely auaritious and giuen to vnsatiable lust but so false a traytour withall that no trust is to be had to any worde he speaketh Adue Scotlande for now I account my selfe a banished man for euer without comfort or consolation and with those words the teares trickled down his cheekes right abundantly Makduffe weepeth At the last when hee was readie to depart Malcolme tooke him by the sleeue Malcolme comforteth Makduffe and sayde Be of good comfort Makduffe for I haue none of these vices before remembred but haue iested with thee in this maner only to proue thy mind for diuerse tymes heretofore hath Makbeth sought by this maner of meanes to bring me into his handes but the more slow I haue shewed my self to condiscend to thy motion and request the more diligence shall I vse in accomplishing the same Makduffe and Malcolme embrace ech other Incontinently hereupon they embraced eche other and promising to bee faythfull the one to the other they fell in consultation howe they might best prouide for al their busiinesse to bring the same to good effect Soone after Makduffe repayring to the borders of Scotlande Makduffe writeth letters to his friends in Scotlande addressed his letters with secrete dispatch vnto the nobles of the realme declaring howe Malcolme was confederate wyth him to come hastily into Scotlande to clayme the crowne and therefore he requyred them sith he was right inheritor thereto to assist him with their powers to recouer the same out of the hāds of the wrongfull vsurper Sywarde Earle of Northumberlandē In the meane time Malcolme purchased such fauour at king Edwards handes that olde Sywarde Earle of Northumberlande was appoynted with ten thousande men to go with him into Scotland to support him in this enterprise for recouerie of his right After these newes were spred abrode in Scotland The nobles of Scotland deuided the nobles drew into two seuerall factions the one taking part with Makbeth and the other with Malcolme Hereupon ensued oftentymes sundrie bickerings and diuerse light skirmishes for those that were of Malcolmes side woulde not ieoparde to ioyne with their enimies in a pight field tyll his comming out of England to their support But after that Makbeth perceiued his enimies power to encrease Makbeth reculeth by such ayde as came to them forth of England with his aduersarie Malcolme he reculed backe into Fife there purposing to abide in campe fortified at the Castell of Dunsinane and to fight with his enimies if they ment to pursue him howbeit some of his friends aduysed him that it should be best for him eyther to make some agreement with Malcolme Makbeth is counsailed to flee into the Iles. or else to flee with all speed into the Iles and to take his treasure with him to the ende he might wage sundrie great Princes of the realme to take his part and retayne straungers in whom he might better trust than in his owne subiectes which stale dayly from him but he had suche confidence in his prophecies that he beleeued he shoulde neuer be vanquished Makbethes trust in prophesies till Byrnane wood were brought to Dunsinnane nor yet to be slaine with anye man that should be or was borne of any womā Malcolme folowing hastily after Makbeth came the night before the battaile vnto Byrnan wood and when his armie had
The charter conteyning the articles couenants and agreementes of this mariage league aboue mencioned beareth date at Paris the .23 day of October in the yeare of our Lorde .1295 1295. And the letters procuratorie made by king Iohn vnto the said bishop of Saint Androws and the other his associates bare date at Striueling the third Nonas of Iuly the same yeare Shortly herevpon king Iohn was aduertised that king Edwarde purposed to come and besiege Barwike The gentlemen of Fyfe and Louthian sent to Barwike to defēd it against the Englishmen wherfore by aduise of his nobles he sent the most parte of all the lordes and gentlemen of Fyfe and Louthian vnto Barwike to defende the towne against the enimie if he came to besiege it The Englishmenne came not onely with a myghtie power by lande but also wyth a greate nanye by sea towardes the saide towne of Barwyke Englishe ships taken at Barwike Of whose commyng the Scottes being aduertised came foorth againste those that approched by sea tooke .xvij. of their shippes and chased awaye the residue King Edwarde rather prouoked than feared with this misaduenture came with a far greater puissance than before to renewe the siege Barwike besieged but when he perceyued his purpose tooke not so spedy effect as he hoped it shoulde haue done he deuised howe to take this towne by some slightefull policie Herevpon he fayned as though he wold haue broken vp his siege so reysing his camp The policie of king Edwarde to winne Barwike withdrew a little from the towne and then hauing prouided baners and ensignes resembling altogither such as diuers noble men in Scotland vsed he sodeynly returned towards the towne euery one of his soldiors wearing a crosse of saint Androws aboue on their harneis after the maner of the Scottishmen There were also sente before vnto the towne certayne Scottes that serued the kyng of England whiche gaue knowledge to the capitaynes within the towne that their lord king Iohn was comming with his armie to their succours The Scottes that were within the towne beleeuing it had bin most true set open the gates and came forth against their king as they supposed to haue receyued him with all ioye and gladnesse The Scots deceyued and entrapped But when they came nere vnto the Englishmen they perceyued both by their language and habite what they were but this was not before the Englishmen were harde at the gates so that when the Scottishmen would haue fledde backe to haue got into the towne agayne the English men pursued them so faste at the heeles that they entred the gates with them The crueltie of the Englishmen so tooke the towne with great slaughter as well of the souldiours and men of warre as also of women children aged persons Barwike is 〈◊〉 without all ruth or compassion so that they lefte not one creature alyue of the Scottishe bloud within all that towne 30. of Marche being good Friday Anno 1295. H. B. Thus was Barwike wonne the .xxx. day of Marche in the yere .1296 Suche abundance of bloud was spilled thorough all partes of the towne as the Scottishe Chronicles testifie that where at a falling tyde the water was not able to dryue aboute the milnes The abundāce of bloud spilled some of the same mylnes yet Streames augmented with bloud were nowe at a lowe water set on gate by reason the streames were so hugely augmented with bloud There were slayne aboue .vij. thousand persons that day with the greatest parte of all the nobles and gentlemen of Fyfe and Louthian The Erles of March and Menteth with lxx knightes fled to the castell of Dunbar but they were besieged so straightly by the Englishe power The castel of Dunbar rēdred to K. Edward enuironning the Castell on eche side that in the end they were constrayned for lack of victuals to yelde themselues to king Edwarde on condition to haue their lyues saued which couenant was not obserued as the Scottishe wryters affirme for king Edwarde hauing got thē into his handes caused them foorthwyth to bee put to death Robert Bruce occasion of the ouerthrowe of Scottes at Dunbar It was reported that Robert Bruce vpon secrete conference had with king Edwarde before this battaile at Dunbar solicited all his frends in the Scottishe armie to flee vpon the first ioyning whiche the residue perceyuing were so discomforted that incontinently they threw away both armour and weapon and so were vanquiquished without resistance Robert Bruce submitteth himselfe to K. Edwarde Trouth it is that after this victorie Robert Bruce submitted himselfe vnto king Edwarde requiring him to performe his promise touching the right whiche he had to the crowne of Scotland howbeit he receyued no answere to his lyking touching that request for king Edwarde had no lesse desire to enioy the kingdom of Scotland than Bruce as the Scottishe writers affirme Therfore to cast off Robert Bruce concerning his demaunde he answered thus as is sayd Beleeuest thou that we haue nothing else a doe but to conquere realmes The answere of king Edwarde to Robert Bruce and to delyuer them ouer againe vnto thee Roberte Bruce hereby perceyuing the suttle meaning of king Edwarde returned righte sorowfull vnto his landes in Englande hauyng great indignation in his mynde that he had obeyde king Edwards requests but yet considered with himself that he must suffer for the time tyll occasion serued to reuenge the iniuries receiued whiche he mynded to doe The castels of Edenburgh Striueling wonne and that in moste cruell maner as afterwardes it will appeare King Edwarde after he had thus wonne the castell of Dunbar got lykewise both the castels of Edenburgh and Striueling King Iohn driuen into the castell of Forfaire pursued king Iohn till he had constrayned him to take for his refuge the castell of Forfair Herewith Iohn Cumyn lorde of Strabogy came to kyng Edwarde and was sworne his liege man Shortly after by a politik practise of the same Iohn Cumyn king Iohn with his son Edward Ballyol came to Mountros where perceyuyng himselfe vnwysely fallen into the hands of king Edward through feare of death which he doubted by reason of the menacing wordes of king Edward Iohn Ballyol king of Scotland resigneth all his right to king Edward he suffred himself to be spoyled of al his kingly abilunents and with a white wande in his hande as the maner is presented himself before king Edward resigning there vnto him all the right and title which he had to the crowne of Scotland vtterly renouncing the same both for him and his heires for euer Hereof was a charter also made in most sufficient wyse A chartour confirmed with the hande and seale of king Iohn and other the nobles of Scotland substancially as might bee deuised bearing date the fourth yeare of his reigne Homage of the barons of Scotland to king Edward
reyse his siege the towne should be delyuered into hys handes at the ende of that terme and for the assurance thereof he was contented that his eldest sonne and heire Thomas Seiton should remain with the faytâ—… king in hostage Archembalde Douglas chosen gouernour in place of Androw Murray Whylest things passed thus at Barwyke the nobles of Scotland by common consente chose Archembald Douglas to be gouernour in place of Androw Murray This Archembald Douglas reysing a mighttie armie of Scottishmen entred with the same into the bordures of Englande so to withdrawe king Edward from the siege of Barwike to defende hys owne landes from brennyng and spoiling But king Edwarde aduertised hereof deuised an other shift for immediatly sending a messenger vnto sir Alexander Seiton captain of the towne he certified him playnly that onlesse hee rendred the town forthwith into his hands both his sonnes whiche hee had with him the one as hostage and the other as prysoner shoulde bee without further delay hanged vpoÌ„ a gybet there in sight afore his owne face Sir Alexander Seiton herevnto aunswered that as yet the terme of the truce was not expired and therfore desyred the King eyther to obserue the couenauntes or else to deliuer the pledges that he mighte be at his aduauntage But King Edward as saith the Scottish chronicle immediately caused a payre of gallows to bee reysed afore the towne and bothe the sonnes of the sayde syr Alexander to be led thyther to suffer on the same without further respite Sir Alexander Seiton beholdyng that pityfull sighte and weying with himselfe that hee myght saue the lyues of those innocent creatures if he woulde was broughte into great perplexitie of mynde the naturall affection compassion which he bare towardes his sonnes mouing him to haue rendred the towne on the one side Sir Alexander Seiton in dout that to do and the duetie with faithe promysed to his king and countrey restrayning him from all suche resolution on the other but in the end the tender regard he had to saue the lyues of his sonnes had ouercome him and caused him to haue rendred the town into his enimies hand The manlye â—…acke of Alexander Seiton wife had not his wyfe and mother to his sayd sonnes exhorted him most earnestly to the contrary alledging that suche reproch and dishonour shuld redounde vnto them and their posteritie if through their fault the towne were trayterously deliuered into the enimies hande that from thenceforth they shoulde be infamed for euer and as for the death of their sonnes it was not to bee accompted a losse for by this kynde of death they shuld win immortall name and leaue to their parentes the high honoure and renoume of faythfull and loyall subiectes Agayne they were yong ynough to begette and bryng 〈◊〉 the newe chyldren where they should be neuer able to recouer honour once lost if by deliuering the towne into the enimies handes they shoulde seeme to betray their countrey and false their faithe to their naturall prince and soueraigne With suche and many other â—…he lyke worâ—â— thys noble and woorthie Ladye perswaded hir husbande to refrayne his inwarde griefe and broughte hym with ryghte sorowfull and heauie cheere vnto hir chamber that through commiseration hadde of his sonnes he should commit nothyng eyther agaynst his honor or â—â—ale of the towne In the meane tyme Sir Alexander Seitons sonnes executed his two sonnes were put to death endyng their lyues sayeth Hector Boetius with moste honour for the righteous quarrell of their countrey Archembalde Douglas the gouernour beâ—…ng at that presente entred into Northumberlande with his armye hearing that king Edward had thus cruelly put to death those two yong Gentlemen came the thirde daye after wyth all his power Archembald Douglas purposeth to giue battaile and pitched downe his tentes not farre from King Edwardes armye fully resolued to giue him battaile as well to reuenge the displesure for the death of the said gentlemeÌ„ as to deliuer the towne of Barwike from further danger of the enimies force Yet were there sundrie prudent counsellors in the Scottishe armie that for diuers respectes aduised him in no wise to fight with the enemies at that present considering the huge number of practised souldiours whiche they had amongest them and the wante of skilfull warrioures on his syde hauing fewe wyth hym saue young menne and suche as lacked experience in the warres for that they hadde bin but little trayned therein Notwithstanding he hymself was of a contrary opinion iudging that the good willes and desyre whyche his people hadde to fighte wyth the Englishmenne shoulde supplye their lacke of skill and therevppon determyning to â—…ye the chaunce of battayle wyth them commaunded his armye to refreshe themselues with meat drinke and sleepe for that nyght and to prouide them selues readye for battayle on the nexte mornyng In the breake of the daye he arayed his people in order of battayle The apointing of the Scottish battails The bauntgarde was giuen to Hugh lorde Rosse hauing with him Kenneth Earle of Southerlande Symon and Iohn Fraseyr and Iohn Murraye Lieutenaunt to the Earle of Murray who as theâ—… was sore tormented with a grieuous maladie or sycknesse The seconde battayle was commyttted to the gouernaunce of Alexander Lyndsey with whome were ioyned Alexander Gordon Reynolde Grahame and Robert Kenneth In the thyrde battayle was the gouernoure hymselfe accompanyed with Iames Iohn and Alane Stewardes the sonnes of Walter great Stewarde of Scotlande That this number and therewith many mo doe abounde by one yeare William Haryson dothe gather by the feries bicause Adam Meremouth sayeth that Magdalene day fell on the Monday this yeare and that the morrowe after being Tuisday Barwike was surrendred But for so much as the same Meremouth may be perhappes deceyued or mistaken heerein I haue here thought good as in other places to noâ—…e in the margent the yeere according to the accoÌ„pt of Hector Boetius specially in this place the rather bicause he agreeth with Richard Southwel Robert Auesburie and other of our English writers concerning this yeere in whiche this battell was fought but where the same Boetius sayth that it was fought on Magdalen day Richarde Southwell Robert Auesburie Thomas Wall â–ª and diuers other affirme that it was foughte the xix of Iuly being Saint Margarets turn But now to proceede The place where this battell was striken called Halidown hill Immediately vppon this ouerthrowe of the Scottish power Alexander Seyton and Patrick Dunbar captaynes of Barwicke The towne of Barwike yeelded to King Edward on S. Margarets day as R. Southwell hath despayring of all support yeelded the towne to King Edward with condition to haue their liues and goodes saued and to become subiects vnto King Edward Herevpon when they had receyued their othes Patricke Dunbar was commaunded by K. Edward to builde vp agayne the Castel of Dunbar vppon his owne costes and charges for that hee had throwne it
downe when he sawe he was not able to defend it against the English power comming towards hym King Edwarde hauing thus accomplished hys desyre returned backe into Englande leauing behynde hym wyth the Ballyoll Richard Talbot manye greate Lordes of Englande amongest whom as chiefe was Rycharde Talbot that vsyng the aduice and councell of them hee might rule the Realme of Scotlande as should he thought expedient Edwarde Ballyoll herevppon wente thorough all the boundes of Scotlande placing garnysons of Englishmen in moste part of all the strengthes and castels of the realme Al the fortresses of ScotlaÌ„d in the Balliols landes fiue only except for he had them al at his commandement fiue of them onely excepted whyche were kepte by suche Scottishmen as woulde not renounce their allegiance promised to king Dauid For Dounbryton was kepte by Malcolme Flemmyng of Cummirnalde Lochlevyn by Alane of Vepount The Castell of Kyldrummy by Christine Bruce And Vrquharte by Roberte Lawder The uyle of Lowdoun a strong thyng of so small a compasse was in the keeping of one Iohn Thomson These Capitaines would by no meanes neyther yeeld themselues nor their fortresses to Edward Ballyol but defend them to the vtterance for the behoofe of their soueraine Lord and maister king Dauid The Popes ambassadours not regarded In the meane tyme Philip king of Fraunce laboured to the Pope that he mighte by his authoritie cause the Englishmen to surceasse from further vexing the Scottes by their cruell inuasions made into their countrey But when the Popes ambassadours came aboute this matter into Englande they were so little regarded that they could not get licence to declare y e message so were they glad to returne without dooing any thing in the matter whereabout they were sent A parliamente a Perth Shortlye after was a Parliamente called at Perthe where Edwarde Ballyoll was confirmed Kyng of Scotlande a greate number of the nobles promising there by solemne othes neuer to moue anye rebellion agaynste him in tymes to come In the meane tyme rose great alterâ—…ation betwixt Henry Beaumont â—â—yfe betwixt Mowbray and Beaumount and Alexander Moubraye for certaine landes in Buchquhane Henry Beaumount claymed those lands by the right of his wyfe that was daughter to the sayd Alexander but the Mowbraye claymed them as heire to his brother After long contention Mowbray hadde the landes adiudged to him by sentence of the Ballyoll by reason wherof Dauid Cumyn Earle of Athole and Richarde Talbot fauouring the cause of Henry Beaumont began to practise suche conspiracies against the Ballyoll that to auoyde further daunger he was glad to repeale the former sentence by him gyuen on the behalfe of Alexander Mowbraye and by newe sentence adiudged the landes vnto Henry Beaumounte for that as was alledged he had maryed the inheritour therof Thus thoroughe puissaunce of the parties the truthe in decydyng of the Controuersye myghte not haue place and also the Ballyoll constrayned to haue the one of them to hys enimyes Not long after this Edward Ballyol came to Rainfrewe and there receyuyng the people into his obeysaunce The castels of Rothsay and Dunnone deliuered to the Ballyoll hadde the keyes of the castell of Rothsaye and Dunnone broughte vnto hym by sir Alane Lyle Sheriffe of Bute Thus didde the Ballyoll encrease in puissaunce by suche confluence of people as daylye submitted them selues vnto hym and hee enryched them liberally wyth landes and goodes still as they came vnto him therby to winne their good willes He soughte by all meanes possible to haue gotten Roberte Stewarde into hys handes Robert Stewarde as the persone whome hee knewe to haue moste ryghte next vnto kyng Dauid to the Crowne of Scotlande but thorough the dyligent forsyghte of hys friendes Thys Roberte Stewarde beeyng aboute the age of fyfteene yeares was conueyed to the castell of Dunbreton where hee was ioyefully receyued by Malcolme Flemyng the Captais The Ballyoll beeyng sore offended that suche Castelles as were kepte by his enimies were so greate an impedimente to hys enterprises by succouring and relieuyng hys aduersaryes to maynteyne warres agaynst him he got togyther an armye Lochleuyn besieged and the nexte yeare layde siege vnto the Castell of Lochlevyn But perceyuyng that thys Castell myghte not bee wonne without long siege he appoynted Syr Iohn Striuelyng to continue the siege wyth a greate power of menne vntill the Castel were yeelded There were lefte also with him Michaell Hereot Dauid Wemis and Richarde Maleville with diuers other These capitaines aduising the place and syte of the Castell lodged themselues within the Churcheyarde of Sainte Serfâ—… beside Kinrosse makyng Bastyles and other defenses within the same for their more safegarde Within the Castell were two valyant captaynes to defende it Alane Vepont Iames Lamby captains of Lochleuyn the one named Alane Vepount and Iames Lamby Citesins of Saint Androwes The enimies assayd al the means that might be deuised to haue wonne this castel but al was in vayne At length they deuised a subtill sleight wherby to compasse their intent on this wyse They wente aboute to damme vp the mouth of the ryuer where it issueth out of the Loche wyth earth A deuyse to drowne the castell trees and stones that the water beyng so kepte in might ryse to such an heighte that it shoulde ouerflowe the Castell and so drowne all the people wythin it and to cause the Loche to swell more speedyly they tourned the course of dyuers ryuers and brookes in the countrey thereaboutes and broughte them into the same loche It chaunced at the same tyme that sir Iohn Striuelyng capitayne of the siege with a great parte of the armie went vnto Donfermling for deuotion sake to visite the shrine of Saint Margaret sometyme Queene of Scotlande Whereof Alane Vepount then capitayne of the Castell hauyng vnderstanding about midnight prepared three boates and takyng certayn souldiours with hym rowed foorth to the heade of the damme or water and there with such engines as he had deuysed for the purpose assayed to boate thorough and make a hole in the banke or rampier that kepte vp the water which when they had brought to passe they returned quickely agayne to the castell The water hauing once gotten an issue within a whyle ware the hole so large that entryng with more violence it finally brake downe the banke rushed foorth with such an huge stream that it bare downe all afore it drowning vp the bastils and tentes of them that lay at siege there The bastiles and tentes of them that laye at siege drowned and carryed the same with men and all downe into the deepe sea they were so sodenly taken ere they could make any shift to escape Alane Vepount wheÌ„ the water was fallen to the olde marke issued forth of the castel and setting vpon those that had escaped the daunger of the water slew part of them and put the remnant to flyght Iohn Striuelyng hearing the
assembled agaynst him There died many on bothe partes in the fight as Iohn Fourdon writeth for the strangers fought right valiantly in so muche Iohn Fourdon that if William Douglas with diuers other had not come downe from Pictlande hilles to the ayde of the Scottes Williā Douglas commeth to the succour of the Scots whylest they were thus fightyng the strangers that day had wonne the victorie But now discouraged with the sodayne comming of this freshe ayde to theyr aduersaries they began to giue place and drewe towardes Edenburgh neuerthelesse kepyng themselues in order of battayle they fought still and at length comming to Edenburgh they were driuen vp thoroughe the Fryers streete and so by an other streete called Saint Marie Wynde Dauid de Anand a Scottishe knight where one sir Dauid de Anand a right valiant knight chaunced to be wounded by one of the enimies by reason wherof he was so kindled in wrathfull desire to be reuenged that with an axe whiche he had in his hande he raughte his aduersarie that had hurt him suche a blow on the shoulder that he clone hym downe togither with his horse that the axe stayed not till it light vpon the verie harde pauement so as the print of that violēt stroke remained to be sene a long tyme after in one of the stones of the same pauement The Strangers still retiring and manfully defending themselues at lengthe got to the hill where Edenburgh castell standeth and there slew their horses made as it were a rampier of their carcasses so to defend thē selues from the force of their enemies but being enuironed by the Scots on eche side all y e night and hauing neither meate nor drinke wherwith to sustain their languishing bodies the which beside hunger and thirst were sore tormented with cold also and wante of conuenient lodging they yelded themselues the next day with cōdition to haue their lyues saued When the spoyl of y e field where they first ioyned was gathered amongst the dead bodies there was found a woman of an huge stature A woman of manlyke force and stature who in the begynning of the battayle stept foorth before hir companie encountring in singular fight with an esquire of Scotland named Richard Shaw she ouerthrew him afterwards beating down hir enimes oneche side long it was ere she might be ouerthrowne which chanced not before she was enuironed about on eche side with hir enimies The Erle of Namure hauing yelded himself into the handes of the gouernours was ryghte curteously vsed the Erle of Murray not onely rendring vnto him all his goodes but also granting him licēce to depart and for his more suretie he went himselfe in person with hym to the bordures to see hym safe deliuered oute of all daungers The Earle of Murray is taken prisoner But by an ambushe that laye in awayte for the Erle of Murray he was taken prisoner and brought to king Edward Dauid Cumyn Erle of Athole hearing that the Erle of Murray one of the gouernours was thus taken supposing king Edwards parte to be muche aduaunced thereby came streightwayes vnto Perth The erle of Athole reuolting to the Ballyoll is eftsones established gouernour The king of England returneth home taking the Ballyoll with him gaue his faith eftsones vnto Edwarde Ballyoll and was againe established by him gouernour of the realme of Scotland as he was before The king of England hauing in the meane tyme gotten the towne of Perth returned into Englande and toke the Ballyoll with him for doubte least when he had recouered the whole gouernemente of the realme he shoake shrinke away from him The Earle of Athole hauing now regayned his former authoritie began to exercise greate crueltie againste all those that were enimies to the Ballyoll The nobles of the contrarye faction as Patrike Dunbar Erle of Marthe Androwe Murray and William Douglas with other tooke greate despite thereat and reysing an armye to restrayne his insolente doings came towardes him whereof he being aduertised as then lying at siege before the castell of Kyldrummy rose and met them in the fieldes within the forrest of Kilblayn where hee gaue them a sore battayle and hadde gone away with the victorie had not Iohn Crag Captayne of Kildrummy sallyed foorth of the castel with three hundred fresh men and comming to the succour of his frendes The Earle of Athole is slain renewed the battaile in such earnest wise that the aduersaries therby were discomfited Earle Dauid their chieftayne beeyng slayne in the fielde with Walter Bryde Robert Cumyn and a greate number of other bothe Gentlemen and commons After that Dauid Cumyn Earle of Athole was slayn on this wise Androw Murray was chosen gouernour in place of the Erle of Murray Androw Murray chosen gouernour taken as before is sayde by the Englishemen This Androw Murray in the beginnyng of his new office layd siege to the castel of Couper with a myghtie power of men but hearyng that the Cumyns made fowle work in the north partes of the realme The Cumyns yet to flighte against suche as fauoured not the Englishe parte he left that siege went against them with whom encountring in battayle he ouerthrewe their armye and put them all to flyght At this bickering were slaine two of the Cumyns Roberte and William Thomas Caldar and diuers other valyant men though enimies for the tyme vnto the gouernour The north partes of Scotlāde reduced to the obeysance of king Dauid This victorie reduced all the north partes of Scotland vnto the obeysance of king Dauid Few Englishmen after the same abode within the north boundes of Scotlande excepte those that were within the Castell of Dungarde in Buchquhane At length this castel was wonne and all that kepte it slayne excepte Henry Beaumount the captayne The castel of Dungard won who being sworne neuer to returne againe into Scotlande was licenced by the gouernour to depart into Englande without any interruption After this the gouernor came to the castell of Lochindoris and layde siege to it The castell of Lochyndoris besieged where within was the Countesse of Athole the wife of the late slayne Erle Dauid This woman hauing knowledge aforehand that hir house shoulde be besieged had sente vnto the king of England and to Edward Ballyoll for succours The king of Englande doubting least all the strengthes in Scotland kept by such as were his frendes woulde be lost without recouerie The king of England commeth to rayse the siege of Lochindoris if the same were not the sooner reskued hee reysed an armie of fortie thousand men and entryng therwith into Scotlande came to the castell of Lochindoris aforesayde The Scots that lay there at siege vpon knowledge had of hs comming towards them brake vp and departed from thence Herevpon whē he had refreshed the hold with newe men munition and victuals he toke the countesse foorth with him The towne of Abyrden brēt
comming to the sea side hyred a shippe to haue passed into Englande but through negligence of the maister Mariner they fell vpon a sande bed and so were cast away About the same time the most part of all the strengthes and fortresses in Louthian were kept by English men The Castels of Louthian in the handes of the English men The towne of Edenbourgh was stuffed with a great number of souldiours both English men and Scottes Amongst whom there was a Scot of a right stoute stomacke named Robert Pendergest he for that it was perceyued hee loued but little the English nation was euill entreated and vsed amongest them in somuch that one day hauing his heade broken by the Marshall named Thomas Knatoun hee ceassed not to seeke some meane to be reuenged tyll he brought his purpose to passe so that shortly after he slue the sayde Marshall and afterwarde to auoyde the daunger of death due for that fact he got away and came to William Dowglas whome hee perswaded with all diligence to passe vnto Edenbourgh where he might finde his enimies at some greate aduauntage by reason of the slouthfull negligence as then growne amongest them William Dowglas following this aduertisement came secretely on a night vnto the foresayd towne and slue foure hundred Englishmen snorting in sleepe and dronkennesse before they were able to make any resistance The death of Androw Murrey the gouernour Not long after Androw Murrey the gouernour of Scotland deceassed to the great domage of the common wealth and was buried in Rosmarky in the yeare after the birth of our Sauiour 1338. 1338 It came well to passe for Scotland that about the same time the king of England entring into warres agaynst France was constrayned to ceasse his pursute of the coÌ„quest which he minded to make in Scotland the which must needes haue come to full effecte if he had followed hys former purpose and intent But to proceede after the deceasse of Androw Murrey the gouernour Robert Stewarde tooke all the charge on him for the gouernment of the Realme till king Dauid returned home out of France and began to rule all things himselfe Tiuidall also was recouered out of the English mens handes with diuerse other places Tiuidall recouered out of the English mens handes by William Dowglas about this time by the high prowes and manly valiancie of William Dowglas and other Scottish Captaines and therefore in the rewarde of the good seruice shewed by the same William in coÌ„quest of that countrey he enioyed the same afterward as his rightful inheritance The King of Englande moued with highe displeasure at these doings Sir Thomas Bercklay sente a ryght valiaunt Knight named Sir Thomas Bercklay wyth a greate power of men into Scotland Agaynst whome came William Dowglas The battail of Blackborne and Robert Stewarde the Gouernour and gaue him battaile at Blackeborne where the Scottes were discomfited and so beaten downe that few of them escaped whiche were not eyther slaine or taken Notwithstanding the two Captaines saued themselues by flight And not long after William Dowglas fought with his enimies at the Cragings where hauing not past a .xl. men in his companie Sir Iohn Striueling discomfited hee discomfited sir Iohn Striueling who had with him neare hande fiue hundred English men and Scottes that tooke his part in the king of Englandes quarell The Castell of Hermitage wonne In the yeare following the same William Dowglas wanne the Castell of Hermitage and slue all them that were found within it In the yeare next after he fought fiue times in one day with sir Laurence Abernethy principall Captayne vnder the Ballyoll and beeing put to the worse at foure of those tymes at the fifth he vanquished his enimyes Sir Laurence Abernethy taken prisoner and tooke prisoner theyr Captaine the sayde sir Laurence who was sent to the Castell of Dunbryton there to remaine in safe keeping for a time For these and such worthie enterpryses hardely atchieued thys William Dowglas was much commended and within a fewe dayes after the taking of the sayde sir Laurence Abernethy Sir William Dowglas sent into France hee was sente by the Gouernour the sayde Robert Stewarde into Fraunce as Ambassadour to King Dauid for the dispatche of certaine weightie matters touching the state of the Realme In the meane time 1339 Robert Stewarde the gouernor raised a mightie armie and came with the same vnto y e towne of Perth The towne of Perth besieged planting a stroÌ„g siege rounde aboute it for deuiding his host into four partes he lodged them with their Captaines in foure seuerall places The fyrst consisting for the moste parte of Westerne Scottes he gouerned himselfe There was also in that army beside other noble meÌ„ William Keth of Gadleston the seconde he committed to Patrike Dunbar Erle of Marche the thirde to William Earle of Rosse and the fourth to Maurice of Mowbray Lorde of Clydesdall These lay thus at siege of this towne for the space of ten weekes and though sundrie tymes they gaue alarmes and assaultes to it yet was it so stoutly defended by Englishe men and other within that the Scots for a long time loâ—â— more than they wanne At length when they were in maner out of all hope to get the towne and readie to haue departed from it William Dowglas returneth out of France William Dowglas arriued in the Tay bringing with him out of Fraunce in fiue shippes both men of warre and also â—…tion of armure artillerie and weapons whiche serued the Scottish men in that season greatly to purpose Iohn Fourdon Amongst other there were two knightes of the family of Castegaliard and two Esquiers Giles de la Hois and Iohn de Breyfe also a noble Pirate named â—…gh Handpile who had the charge ouer the foresayde fiue shippes About the same time one William Bullock had taken eftsoones the Castell of Cowper to the king of Englandes â—â—e but by perswasion of thâ—â— William Dowglas he rendred it vp againe and departed with bagge and baggage Those Scots that had serued vnder him likewise were contented to forsake the king of Englandes wages and to serue William Dowglas wholed them forthwith to the siege of Perth The towne of Perth rendred to the gouernour the which towne shortly after his coÌ„ming was rendred into the gouernors handes by Thomas Vthred the Captaine in the thirde moneth after it was first besieged and in the yeare after our redemption 1341. 1341. Iohn Fourdon Among other exploytes attempted at thys siege after the comming of the Lorde William Dowglas the French man Hugh Handpile taking vpoÌ„ him one day to approch the towne with his shippes to giue an assault therto he lost the chiefest vessell he had although afterwards when the towne was now rendred the Lord William Dowglas caused the same shippe to be to him againe restored and with great thankes and liberall rewards giuen as well to him
heard or in Saint Giles Church in Edenburgh as â—…her write the three estates were called to asseÌ„ble in Edenburgh where the Queene was Crowned and the Parliamente holden the most parte of the Lordes remayning still in Edenburgh all the next winter And in the Sommer following 1470 the king and Queene made their progresse into the Northe partes and were honorably receyued in the principall cities and townes where they â—…ame â—… likewise by the Nobles of the countrey to the greate reioycing of the whole Realme After their â—…eturning to Edenburgh â–ª the king called a Parliament in the moneth of May .1471 1471 in the whyche amoÌ„g other things it was ordeyned that Lords Barons and the 〈◊〉 of the Realme shoulde builde Shippes and bâ—…ates and prouide nettes for fishing Also it was ordeâ—â—ed The like act for shooting was instituted by king Iames the first Anno 14â—â— Iohn Maior that none should weare silkes in doubleâ—… gowne or 〈◊〉 except Knights Minstrels and Heralds excepte they mighte dispenâ—… one hundred poundes in lands by yeere and that y e 〈◊〉 and other vnlawfull games shoulde be debarred and the exercise of shooting mainteyned Iames eldest sonne to king Iames the 〈◊〉 was borne y e tenth day of March in the yeere .1472 1472. who afterwards succeded his father and was called Iames y e fourth Christierne king of Denmarke The right to Orkney and Shetlande resigned to congratulate the happie birth of this yong Prince beeing hys Nephewe by his daughter released all the rights title and clayme which he or his successors might haue to the Isles of Orkney and Shetland A blasing Starre A straunge coâ—…cte or blasing Starre as wee call it appeared in y e South from the seuententh day of Ianuarie 1473 vnto the eyghteenth of Februarie and was placed betwixt y e Pole and the Pleiades that is to wit the seuen Starres A greate Ship built by the late Archbishop of Sainte Androws Kenedie called the Bishops Barge brake and was lost beside Banburgh A Shipwrack beeing fraughte with marchandise the twelfth of Marche Many Merchant mens seruantes and other passengers wee drowned w t hir some escaped by boate and were taken by the Englishmen amongst whome was the Abbot of S. Colme who was coÌ„streined to pay vnto his taker one Iames Kar 80. poundes for his raunsome ere he could be suffered to depart The Aâ—…arie of Dunfermeling being vacant the couent those one of their owne Monkes called Alexander Thomson and y e king promoted Henry Creichton Abbot of Paslay therevnto whome the Pope admitted Abbayes giuen by vnlawful meanes and Robert Shaw parson of Minto was preferred by y e â–ª king vnto the Abbacie of Paslay and theÌ„ in such wise began promotings of Secular Priests vnto Abbacies at the Princes request and the laudable elections aunciently vsed made voyd bycause the Court of Rome admitted suche as the Princes made suite for and named getting greate rewards and eadle suÌ„mes of mony therby so that neither the bishops durst admit such as y e couents elected nor such as were elected durst pursue their righte so the Abbeys were bestowed vpon such as followed the Court liued courtly secularly voluptuously to y e great slaÌ„der of religious meÌ„ which by y e naughty ensaÌ„ples of their gouernors fel to the workes of wickednesse whervpon daily much euil encreased vertue in al estates decayd This yere in SepteÌ„ber The Bishop of Saint Androwes made Achbishop 1474 y e indulgeÌ„ce of the sea of S. Androws was published by Patricke GrahaÌ„ Bishop therof the same sea erected into the dignitie of an Archbishops sea at sute of the said Patrick who gaue information to y e Pope y t bicause y e archbishop of York was Metropolitan of Scotland and y t ther was oftentimes war betwixt the realms of England ScotlaÌ„d the Scottishmen could not haue accesse to their Metropolitan specially in cases of appellation And therefore the Pope as som write thought it reson to make S. Androws primate Metropolitan of ScotlaÌ„d Primate and Metropolitan Twelue Bishops in Scotland ordeined y t the twelue other Bishops of ScotlaÌ„d shuld be vnder his primacie who would not agree thervnto but promised y e K. by way of a taxatioÌ„ xj M. markes for his maintenaÌ„ce against y e sayd Archbishop the Prelates sente to Rome about this matter 1476 This yere was a greate death in the Realme of Scotland so that where a ParliameÌ„t was called in SepteÌ„ber it was proroged vntil y e twelfth day after Christmas The Lord of the Isles atteynted In Ianuary y e Parliament was holdeÌ„ at EdeÌ„burgh in which Iohn Lord of the Iles Erle of Rosse was atteynted partly for his own euil deedes but most specially for y e defaultes of his father Donald Lord of the Iles. The king raysed an army In May in the yere .1477 the king raysed a puissant army of the most able meÌ„ vpoÌ„ the North side of the water of Forth to pursue the Lord of y e Iles both by sea land The Erle of Crawforde was made Admirall of the army by Sea and the Erle of Athole the kings vncle by his father was Lieutenant of y e Army by land But such means was vsed by y e Erle of Athole The Lord of the Isles submitteth himselfe that the Lord of y e Iles humbled himselfe to the kings pleasure vpon certayn coÌ„ditions thervpon in the beginning of Iuly next ensuing the said lord of the Iles came to y e Parliament vnto Edenburgh there was y e agreement made confirmed betwixt the king him He resigneth Rosse Cantyre and Knapden he resigned into the kings hands all his right which he had to the Erledom of Rosse y e lands of Cantyre Knapden which Earledome the king annexed to y e Crowne pardoned him his seruants of al offences transgressions before y e day committed inuested him of new in y e Lordship Seigniorie of the Iles other his lands not released to holde y e same of the king by the seruice of warde and reliefe The king also gaue vnto the Erle of Athole for his diligence shewed in reducing the said Lord of the Iles vnto order the laÌ„ds and forest of Clouy There was an Inquisitor this yere sent by Pope Sextus into Scotland 1477 An inquisâ—…tor sent from the Pope The Archbishop is not wel handled to examine by vertue of his coÌ„mission Patrick Graham Archbishop of S. Androwes whose examination and proues being sent vnto the Pope hee pronounced him an Heretike Scismatike Symoniake declared him accursed condemning him to perpetual prison Depriued and so he was degraded from all orders cure dignitie of Ecclesiasticall office and William Schewes ArchdeacoÌ„ of the same sea was promoted in his place to whom he was also committed to see him safely kept in prison He was
that night they had bene entrapped by George Dowglas who with foure thousande menne was secretely drawen thitherwardes and entred the towne of Dunbertane shortly after y t the Erle of Lennox was thus departed and got to his ships lying there at hande in the riuer of Clyde downe the whiche he retyred to the sea not without daunger to haue lost the same shippes by reason of the narrownesse of the water for the Erle of Argyle beyng gotten betwixte him and the sea with a great power of men with Baners displeyd hailsed the shippes with shotte of ordinaÌ„ce from the castel of Dynnune annoying the Erle of Lennox his passage as much as he coulde But he escaping with the English gentlemen and the shippes out of daunger tooke aduise togither at the Isle of Bute what they had to do The Erle sore moued to haue bene thus repulsed froÌ„ Dunbretayn stomaking the matter sore to be so contenanced by his enimy the Erle of Argyle with the aduise of the English Gentlemen he returned with them and with great shew of manhood taking lande beside the Castel and towne of Dynnune The Erle of 〈◊〉 lanâ—… at Dinâ—… where the Erle of Argyle with seuen hundred men was ready to encounter him and to keepe him of from landyng but by the helpe of the shotte out of the shippes and great store of boates the Englishmen landed slew lxxx of the enimies most part Gentlemen put the residue to flight with the losse of three men onely on the English side This done the towne of Dinnune was brente and the Churche spoyled The towne of â—…une breÌ„t that was full of goods and ornamentes When the night approched by reason the Englishmenne had no pouder nor other prouision a lande the Erle with his people returned to shippeborde in safetie though not without offer of skirmishe made by the enimies though to theyr losse namely of those that aduaunced themselues moste forwarde The Erle of â—…nox lanâ—… againe in â—…yle Aboute foure of fiue dayes after the Erle of Lennox with fiue hundreth menne landed in an other parte of Argyle and remayning on lande a whole day togither brent spoyled and wasted the countrey the Erle of Argyle with two thousande men giuing the looking on and not ones offering the skirmishe so that the Erle of Lennox with his Souldiers retyred to his shippes without encounter 〈◊〉 inuaâ—… After this they inuaded the Isle of Kinter where Iames Macconell dwelled brent many places in that countrey tooke and caried away great booties of cattayle and other goodes All the coastes of Kile Carrike and Coningham and likewise of Galloway remayned in continuall feare so that oftentimes theyr beakons were fyred and many of the Noble menne constrayned to come to the Erle of Lennox sewing to him for assurance Walter Macâ—…lane In these exploytes the Erle had with him Walter Macferlane of Tirbatt and seuen score men of the head of Lennox that spake bothe Irishe and the English Scottish tongues light footemen well armed in shirtes of mayle with bowes and two handed swordes and beyng ioyned with the English Archers and shotte did muche auayleable seruice in the streyghts marrishes and mountayne countreys To conclude after the Erle of Lennox and his company had atchieued these enterpriers afore mencioned he returned towards England and sente sir Peter Mewtas knight Sir Peter Mewtas and Thomas Bishoppe a Scottish gentleman to aduertise the King of Englande of his proceedings who found him at the siege of Bulloigne where they declared to him the whole circumstance of euery thing as the same had passed in the Erles iourney which the king tooke in very good part And vpon his returne into England after the coÌ„quest of Bullongne the Erle of Lennox was also called home to the Courte by letters to him directed he beyng then at Brystow About the middest of February 1545. Sir Rauâ—…e Evers inuadeth Scotland Syr Rauf Evre commonly called Evers Lorde warden of the Englishe middest Marches entred Scotland with a power of foure thousand Englishmen Irishmen and assured Scottes and comming firste vnto Iedworth lodged there that night and therewithall vnderstanding that the gouernour and the Erle of Angus were at the Abbey of Melcos aboute an eight myles distaunt from thence the nexte mornyng he was gotte forth so early that he was almoste vpon the enimies in suche wise on the sudden that they fledde out of theyr lodgings and lefte their beddes and all theyr householde furniture which they had there with them not hauing time to conuey it away at theyr departure their warning was so short Syr Rauf Evre at his comming thyther finding them â—…edde and gone He defaceth the Monuments of the Dowglasses spoyled the towne and Abbey vtterly defacing the Tumbes and Monumentes of the Erles of Dowglas greatly to the displeasure of the Erle of Angus and those of his linage The Gouernour and the sayde Erle sort agreeued to be thus foyled at the Englishmens handes assembled togither all suche forces as they might recouer so that they had quickly got vnto them aboue fiftene hundred menne wherof eight hundreth at the least were Gentlemen and hearyng that the English men were retyring towardes Iedworth they mette them at a place called Pannyer Hugh where bothe the parties alighting on foote ment to trie the quarell by playne force of hande but as they were ready to ioyne the assured Scots to the number of seuen or eight hundred reuolted vnto the parte of their countrey men by reason whereof after a right sharpe and fierce conflict the Englishe menne in the ende were constreyned to fire whome the Scottes right egrely pursewed Sir Raufe Evre and others slayne slewe Sir Raufe Evre the Lorde Ogle Sir Bryan Layton and other Gentlemenne and Souldiers to the number of eight huÌ„dreth they tooke also about a two thousand prisoners with certayne pieces of Artillery and other munition This victory fell to the Scottes the xvij of February the report whereof was right displeasant to the English nation but specially the losse of that worthy Gentleman sir Rauf Evre was greatly bemoned and that euen of the King him selfe for the noble prowes and great loyaltie whiche at all times had bene founde in him His seruice had ben such in these warres against Scotland His seruice agaynst the Scottes that he had brought the more parte of all the Scottes within xx miles space of the English borders vnto the obeysance of the king of England although at length they holpe to worke his confusion as before you haue hearde and here I haue thought good although out of place to say somewhat further in the dew commendation of this noble Gentleman His seruice in the rebellion tyme. In time of the great rebellion in the North partes whiche chaunced in the xxvij yeere of King Henry the eight when many other the Noblemen and Gentlemen of those parties had conspired togither with the commons by leuying warre
y e leysure hath not serued vs to write out the copy again after we had first writtē it as first we found it briefly cōpiled by Campion who gathering forth brief notes hath handsomely ioyned them togither but omitted many things likewise for hast where otherwise that which he hath done in this behalf deserueth vndoubtedly singular cōmendation But now to the matter In this season diuers castels abbeys bridges were erected builded in Ireland For the English Welch nobilitie now setled there studied both to reduce y e people to ciuilitie likewise to beautify the cūtry w t buildings seruing both for defēce cōmoditie They arryued in Irelande aboute the latter ende of Aprill remayning there all the Sommer following diuerse Castelles were by them builded with the aduise of Hugh Lacie before he departed homewardes as at Fothred Oualan at Tresteldermot at Collacht and sundrye other Where as Meiller enioyed the Countrey of Kildare giuen to him by Earle Srangbow they remoued him from thence into the Countrey of Leys exchaunging with him in the Kings behalfe to haue the one for the other And this was done of purpose that he being a warrelyke personage shoulde possesse a Countrey wylde and full of enimies whereby to bring the rebels into some conformitie by force sith otherwise they were not to be tamed In the Winter following the Conestable of Chester and his associate returned into England and Hugh Lacie was againe appoynted Lorde Lieutenant of Irelande hauing one of the kings Chaplaynes ioyned with him named Robert de Shrewresburie to be as it were an assystaunt to him and a witnesse of all his dealings Who vpon his returne nowe into Irelande fell in hand to buylde more Castelles in places where he sawe it expedient so to restrayne the attemptes of vnruly persons and to defende others from susteyning iniurie This Hugh Lacie was a man right diligent in his businesse The descriptition of Hugh Lacie and carefull and as he was an expert warriour so yet was he not verie fortunate in iourneys nowe and then which he made vpon the enimyes He was of vysage browne blacke eyed and hollowe flat nosed with his cheeke on the right syde disfigured by reason hee had beene burnt by chaunce in his youth short necked his bodie hearie but strong sinewed And to conclude of stature small and of shape deformed After the deceasse of his wife he was noted to be verie dissolute of lyfe vsing the companie not of one but of manye Concubines couetous to heape vppe ryches and ambicious beyonde measure But nowe to the Hystorie In the yeare last past to witte 1182. or as others haue in the yeare .1180 dyed Laurence Archbishop of Dublyn after whō succeeded Iohn Cumyn an English man that was brought vp in the Abbey of Euesham founder of Saint Patrikes in Dublyn which before that time was a parish Church and by him conuerted into a Colledge with sufficient reuenues assigned for the maintenaunce of parsons vicars clearkes and choristers There hath risen great contention betwixt this and christs Church for antiquitie Contention betwixt Churches for preeminence of antiquitie wherin doubtlesse sayth our Author Saint Patrike ought to giue place They are in deed both written cathedrall Churches and both reputed the Bishops Chapiter in whose electiō they ought to come togither in the Church of the Trinitie commonly called Christs Church which in all recordes hath the preeminēce of place The party disturbing this order of election forfeyteth to the Archebishop of Dublyn .200 lb The foundation of S. Patrikes was greatly aduaunced by king Iohn In the yeare .1183 1183 The death of king Henrie the sonne died king Henrie the sonne reconciled to his father but preparing a new war agaynst his brother Richard Duke of Aquitaine And shortly after died another of king Henries sonnes named Geffrey Erle of Brytaine Ireland giuen to Iohn the sonne of king Henrie 1185 And so were left Richard and Iohn that was after Erle of Gloucester surnamed without land to whome the father conueyed all his interest and Lordeship of Irelande and sent him thither honourably accompanied being then but .xij. yeares olde with him in especial trust Geraldus Cambrensis a lerned man and a diligent searcher of antiquities About this yong gentleman were placed seruants Counsellers of three sundry sortes Counsellers about the lord Iohn the kings sonne fyrst Normās great quaffers slouthful persōs prowd gluttons trayned vp in extorcions briberie to whom he most leaned Secondly English men that went ouer with him bad ynough and vnskilfull Thirdly the Englishe men whiche hee founde in the land whom being best worthy and moste forwarde in all good seruice hee least regarded Hereof sprung factions and disdaine so that the knightes whiche were moste valiant and readiest to doe their duetyes were greatly discouraged and the enimies in hope highly recomforted Lacie came sundry tymes thither to further the worke full glad to see them fall in vre with any such exercise wherein might they once begin to haue a delight and tast the sweetenesse of a true mans life he thought it no small token of reformation for whiche cause hee visited them the oftner and merily would commaund his gentlemen to giue the labourers example to take theyr tooles in hande and to worke a season whyle the poore soules looking on might rest them But this pastime grewe to a tragicall end for on a time as each man was busily occupied some lading some heauing some plastring some grauing the generall also himselfe digging with a pickare a desperate villayne among them whose toole the noble man vsed espying both his hands occupyed and his body enclining downewards still as he stroke watched when hee so stouped 1186 Lacy is trayterously slayne and with an axe cleft his head in sunder little esteeming the torments that for this trayterous acte ensued This Lacie was reputed to be the conqueror of Meth for that hee was the firste that broughte it to any due order of obedience to the Englishe power His body the two Archbishops Iohn of Dublin and Mathew of Casseill buried in the Monasterie of Bectie and his head in Sainte Thomas Abbey at Dublin Translation of Prebendaries to Mōks This Curcy translated the Church and Prebendaries of the Trinitie in Doune to an Abbey of blacke Monkes brought thither from Chester caused the same to be consecrated vnto S. Patrick for which alteration taking the name from God to a creature he deemed himselfe worthily punished Not long after as say the Irish certain French knightes came to king Iohns court A chalenge for a combat◅ made by certayne French Knightes and one among them required the combate for triall of the right to the Duchie of Normandy It was not thought expedient to ieoperd the title vpō one mans lucke yet the chalenge they determined to answer Some friende put them in minde of the Erle imprisoned a warriour of notable courage and
MouÌ„ster and had taken a ring from the Image of S. Patrike which the Erle of Desmond had offred and giuen it to his lemman Many other crymes were layd to him by the sayd Bishop of Lismore and Waterford which he exhibited in writing Also in the same Parliament there rose coÌ„tention betwixt Adam Pain bishop of Clone an other prelate whose church he would haue annexed vnto his see At length after the Parliament had continued for the space of xviij days it brake vp Herewith came newes of y e slaughter of the Lord Tho. of LaÌ„caster duke of Clarence y t had bin L. The Duke of Clarence slaine in Fraunce lieutenant of Ireland vpoÌ„ the .vij. of May certaine of the Erle of Ormondes men were ouerthrown by the Irish nere to the Abbey of Leys xxvij Englishmen were slain there of whom the chief were two geÌ„tlemeÌ„ the one named Purcel the other Grant Also .x. were takeÌ„ prisoners and two C. escaped to the foresayde Abbey so sauing themselues About the same time Mac Mahun Mac Mahun an Irish lord did much hurt within the couÌ„try of Vrgile by burning and wasting all afore him Also vpon the morrow after Midsommer day the Erle of Ormond Lord lieutenant entred into the Countrey about Leys vpon Omordris for the space of foure dayes togither did muche hurt in sleaing and spoyling the people till the Irish were glad to sue for peace ¶ Henrie the sixt LIeutenants to Henrie the sixt ouer the realme of Irelande were these Edmonde Earle of March and Iames Erle of Ormond his deputy Iohn Sutton Lord Dudley sir Tho. Strange knight his deputie Sir Thomas Stanley and sir Christofer Plunket his deputie Henry Marleâ—… Thys sir Thomas Stanley on Michaelmasse day Here endeth Marleburgh and all that foloweth is taken out of Campion in the twelfth yeare of King Henrye the sixth wyth all the Knightes of Methe and Irrell fought agaynste the Irishe slue a greate number and tooke Neill Odonell prisoner Lion Lord Welles the Earle of Ormonde his deputie Iames Earle of Ormonde by hym selfe Iohn Erle of Shrewesburie and the Archbishop of Dublin Lorde Iustice in his absence Richard Plantagenet Duke of Yorke father to King Edwarde the fourth and Earle of Vlster had the office of Lieutenaunte by the Kings letters patents during the tearme of tenne yeeres who appoynted to rule vnder him as his deputies at sundry times the Baron of Deluin Richarde Fitz Eustace Knight Iames Earle of OrmoÌ„d and Thomas Fitz Morice Erle of Kildare To this Richard Duke of Yorke and Vlster then resident in Dublin Campion out of the Records of Christs Church George Duke of Clarence borne at Dublin Iacke Cade was borne within the Castell there his secoÌ„d sonne the Lord George that was after Duke of Clarence his Godfathers at the fontestone were the Erles of Ormond and Dismonde Whether the commotion of Iacke Cade an Irishman borne naming himself Mortimer and so pretending cosinage to diuers noble houses in this land proceeded from some intelligeÌ„ce with the Dukes friends here in Ireland it is vncertayne but surely the Duke was vehemently suspected and immediately after began the troubles whiche through him were reysed Whyche broyles being couched for a time the Duke helde himselfe in Ireland being lately by Parliamente ordeyned protector of the Realme of Englande he left his agent in the Court his brother y e Erle of Salisburie Lord Chancellor to whom he declared the troth of the troubles then towarde in Ireland which letter exemplyfyed by Sir Henry Sidney Lorde Deputie a greate searcher and preseruer of antiquities as it came to Campions hands and by hym set downe we haue thoughte good likewise to present it here to your viewe To the right worshipfull and with all mine hart intierly beloued brother the Earle of Salisburie The copie of a letter RIght Worshipfull and with all my harte intierly beloued brother I recommende me vnto you as hartily as I can And like it you to witte sith I wrote last vnto the King our Soueraigne Lorde his highnesse the Irish enemie y t is to say Magoghigam and with him three or foure Irishe Captaynes associate with a greate felowship of English Rebells notwithstandyng that they were within the King our Soueraygne Lord his peace of greate malice and againste all truth haue maligned against their legiance and vengeably haue brent a great towne of myne inheritance in Meth called Ramore and other villages thereaboutes and murthered and breÌ„t both men womeÌ„ and children withouten mercy the whiche enimies be yet assembled in Woods and fortes aweighting to do the hurt and greeuance to the Kings subiects that they can thinke or imagine For whiche cause I write at this tyme vnto the Kings highnesse and beseeche his good Grace for to hasten my payment for this lande â—â—rding vnto his letters of warrant nowe late directed vnto the Treasorer of Englande to the intente I may wage men in sufficiente number for to resist the malice of the same enimies and punish them in such wise that other which wolde do the same for lacke of resistance in time maye take example For doubtlesse but if my paymente be had in all hast for to haue men of warre in defence and safegard of this land my power caÌ„not stretch to keepe it in the â—…ings obeysance and very necessitie will compell me to come into England to liue there vpon my poore liuelyhood for I had leuer be dead than any inconuenience â—â—oulde fall therevnto in my default for it shall neuer bee chronicled nor remayne in Scripture by y e grace of God that Ireland was lost by my negligeÌ„ce And therefore I beseeche you right Worshipfull brother that you will holde to your handes instantly that my paymente may bee had at thys time in eschewing all inconueniences For I haue example in other places more pitie it is for to dread shame and for to acquit my troth vnto the Kings highnesse as my duetie is And thys I pray and exhort you good brother to shewe vnto his good grace and that you will be so good that this language may bee enacted at this presente ParliameÌ„t for mine excuse in time to come Roger Roe and that you will be good to my seruant Roger Roe the bearer of these and to my other seruaunts in such things as they shall pursew vnto the kings highnesse and to giue full faith and credence vnto the report of the said Roger touching the sayde matters Right worshipful and with all my hart intierly beloued brother our blessed Lorde God preserue and keepe you in all honor prosperous estate and felicitie and graunte you righte good life long WritteÌ„ at Dublin y e .15 day of Iune Your faithfull true brother Richarde Yorke Of suche power was Magoghigam in those dayes who as he wan and kept it by the sworde Magoghigam his power so nowe his successors in that state liue but as meane
that he restored to that sea .xxv. manor places For amongst other Edmerus where Odo the Bishop of Bayeux that was also Erle of Kent bearing great rule in Englande vnder his nephewe King William the Conquerour had vsurped diuerse possessions whiche belonged to the Sea of Canterburie and also had seazed the franchises into his handes apperteyning to the same Lanfranke by sute and earnest trauaile hee recouered the same againe and being impleaded about that matter by the sayd Odo he so defended his cause that in the ende although with much ado he had his wil and so remayned in quiet possession of his right after that so long as he lyued wythout any trouble or vexation concerning the sayde possessions and liberties Also where not only Walkhem the Bishop of Winchester but also diuerse other Bishops in England were in mind to haue displaced Monks out of their Cathedrall Churches Lanfranke praysed for holding with the Monkes and to haue brought Canons into their roomes Lanfranke withstood them and deserued therefore high commendations both of them and also of the Pope After Lanfrankes death the king beganne to forget himselfe verie farre in al his dealings The king giuen to sensuall lust and couetousnesse insomuch that he kept many concubines and wexed very cruel and inconstant in all his wayes so that he became an heauie burthen vnto his people Furthermore he became so much addicted to gather good that hee considered not what apperteyned to the Maiestie of a king so that nothing that seemed to make for his gaine and satisfying of his appetite was esteemed of him vnlawfull measuring his dutie by gaine and not by that which should most of all become him He kept also the Sea of Canterburie foure yeares in his handes to see who would giue most for it and in the meane time tooke the profits making the most thereof that could be deuised by any meanes towne of Winchcombe where by force of thunder lightning a part of the steeple of the Church was throwne downe and the Crucifix with the Image of our Ladie also standing vnder the rood lost was likewise ouerthrowne broken and shattered in peeces and withall there followed a foule noysome and most horrible stinke in the Church Also on the .xvij. day of the same moneth was much harme done in the Citie of London with an outrageous winde A mightie winde whose violence ouerturned or rent in peeces aboue the number of fiue hūdred houses and the roofe of S. Mary Bow Church in Cheape was also ouerthrowne wherewith two men were slaine Moreouer at Salisburie was much hurt done with a like winde and thunder Anno reg ◅ 1092 for the top of the steeple was ouerthrowne and many other buyldings sore shaken and caste downe whereof let this which we haue sayde suffice for this present and nowe to speake somewhat of the doings of Scotlande as occasion moueth Whilest in such wise as yee haue heard the variance was depending betwene king William and his brother Duke Robert the Scottish king Malcolme made sore warres vppon the inhabitants of Northumberlande The Scottes inuade England fetching great booties and prayes out of that Countrey which he inuaded euen to Chester in the streete King William therefore soone after his returne called his power togither and spedde hym Northwards But king Malcolme hearing of his reproche and great strength sent to him for peace which was graunted in the ende But here such writers as we haue seene doe not wholy agree for some beside their confusion of time and account of the yeare affyrme that king William prepared a great army both by sea and lande agaynst Malcolme VVil. Malm. Sim. Dun. and that his nauy bring abrode on the Seas was by tempest lost and the most part of the shippes drowned Also that the armie by lande entring into Scotlande suffred many losses through want of vitailes and so recoyled Finally that Duke Robert lying on the borders with an army in his brothers name whereby it should appeare that the king himselfe was not there by the help and furtherance of Edgar Edelling which then serued king Malcolme in his warres ▪ made a peace betwixt his brother and the sayd Malcolme by the articles whereof certaine places in Northumberlande were restored vnto Malcolme which he had helde in William Conquerours dayes Some write in like maner that King Malcolme did homage vnto king William and also Duke Robert reconciled the sayde Edgar Edelling vnto the fauour of the king But howsoeuer the truth of the storie doth appeare in this behalfe certaine it is that the king returned out of Northumberlande into the west partes of the Realme still reteyning with hym Duke Robert who looked dayly when he shoulde perfourme such couenants as were concluded betwixt them in their late reconciliation But when he saw that the king ment nothing lesse than to stand to those articles how he did only protract delay the time for some other secrete purpose he returned into Normandie in great displeasure tooke with him the sayd Edgar Edelling of whō he always made a very great account Soone after K. Wil. returned into the North parts again and as it chaunced he stayed a few dayes aboute Carleil where being delited with the situation of the town which had bin destroyed by the Danes two hundred yeares before hee set workemen in hande to repayre the same meaning to vse it in steade of a Bulwarke agaynste the Scottes on those West Borders and after hee had fenced it in with walles The repairing and new peopling of Carleil and buylded a castell in the moste conuenient place thereof hee caused also Churches and houses to bee made meete for such a multitude of people as he had determined to bring vnto the same This being done he placed therein a Colonie of Southren men with theyr wyues and children and gaue large priuiledges vnto the towne which they enioy vnto these our times Mat. VVest Here haue I thought good to aduertise you of an error in Mat. West crept in eyther by wrong placing of the matter by some exemplifier either else by the Authours mistaking his accounte of yeares as .1072 for .1092 referring the repayring of Carleil vnto William Conqueror at what time he made a iourney agaynst the Scots in the sayde yeare .1072 And yet not thus contented but to bewray the error more manifestly he affirmeth that the king exchaunged the Earledome of Chester with Raufe or Randulfe de Micenis alias Meschines for y e Erledome of Carleil which the said de Meschines helde before and had begon there to build and fortifie that towne Where as it is certain y t Ranulfe de Meschines came to enioy the Erledom of Chester by way of inheritāce as after shall appeare And for the better proufe thereof ye shall vnderstand that we finde by auncient records how that one Hugh Lou or Lupus enioyed the Erledome of Chester all the dayes of
what tyme all the Countrey was spoyled and forrayed euen vnto the Ryuer of Tine fourthly aboute the fourth or fifth yeare of the reigne of this William Rufus at whiche tyme hee entered the lande as farre as Chester in the streete whylest King William was in Normandie Ran. Higd. the fifth tyme was nowe wherein hee lost hys lyfe on Saint Brices day by the handes of a right valiant Knight named Morkell after whiche his bodie was buryed at Tynmouth as in the Scottishe Hystories more plainly appeareth where also ye may fynde howe the sonnes of King Malcolme were ayded by king William Rufus to obteyne the crowne of Scotland as their right where otherwise by the force and practise of theyr vncle Donald they had beene kept from it An. Reg. 7 1094 Ran. High VVil. Mal. Sim. Dunel Death and murraine of cattaile Straunge wonders Math. Paris Polidor This yeare England and Normandie were sore vexed with mortalitie both of menne and beastes insomuche that tyllage of the grounde was layde aside for that yeare in many places by reason whereof there followed greate dearth and famine Many grisely and vncouth sightes were seene in Englande as hostes of men fighting in the skie with fierie beames flashing out starres falling from heauen and such other wonders At which time also newe occasions of breach of amitie grewe betwixt the King and hys brother Robert who accused him of periurie for not obseruing the articles of the last peace concluded betwixt them Simon Dun. wherefore he purposed to sayle ouer into Normandie and so came vnto Hastings aboute the fyrst of Februarie where hee soiourned for a tyme and caused the Abbay Churche of Battayle to bee dedicate in honour of Saint Martyn and also depryued Herbert the Bishop of Thetforde of his Bishops staffe bycause hee meant to haue gone secretely vnto Rome and there to haue purchased absolution of Pope Vrbane for his Byshopryke which hee had bought of the king for himselfe and likewise for the Abbacie of Winchester which hee had also bought for his father paying for thē both M. lb K. William passeth ouer into Normandie After this about Midlent he passed ouer into Normandie with an armie in purpose to trie the matter with his brother in plaine battaile that thereby hee myght rather growe to some assured poynt of losse or gayne than to stande euer vpon suche an vncertaintie whether to haue peace or warre that hee must bee constrayned to bee at all tymes in a readinesse to defende himselfe but after he was come into Normandie Warres betwixt the king and his brother and had forrayed part of the Countrey once or twice hee fell to a communication with his brother Duke Robert and in the ende condiscended to put the matter in compromise vnto the arbitrement of certaine graue personages who iudging agaynst the king hee refused to stande to their iudgement where vpon both parts prepared for warre again insomuch that the king perteyning how his brother was ayded by the French king Mat. VVest and that his power was to weake to withstand them both he sent his commission into Englād for the leuying of .xx. M. men cōmaunding them also to be sent ouer vnto him into Normandie by a day which was diligently performed But euen as they were come togither about Hastings readie to enter a shipboorde immediately commeth the kings lieutenant with a countermaunde and signifieth to them that the king minding to fauour and spare them for that iourney woulde that euery of them should giue him .x. shillings as Mat. Paris hath Twentie shillings hath VVi. Thorne Mat. Par. Mat. VVest or .xx. shillings as others haue towardes the charges of the war thervpō depart home with a sufficiēt safecōduct which the most part were better content to do than to commit themselues to the fortune of the sea and bloudie successe of the warres of Normandie Polidor In deed king William chaunging his minde was nowe determined to ende the matter with money and not with the sworde as it afterward appeared for by brybing of king Philip in whom duke Robert had reposed his whole trust A peace concluded betwixt the king and his brother Robert he cōcluded peace with him vpon such articles conditions as he himselfe required Thus hauing dispatched his businesse in Normādie he returneth into England where he hapned to meete with newe and more daungerous warres Hen. Hunt Simon Dun. The Welchmen inuade Englande For the Welchmen hearing of the variance betwixt the brethren after their accustomed maner begin to inuade the English Marches taking booties of cattell and destroying the Countreys to kill and take many of the kings subiects both English men and Normans About the same time also Murcherdach king of Irelande with the Clergie and people of the Citie of Dublyn elected one Samuell a Monke of S. Albons and an Irish man borne to the gouernment of the Church Bishops Sea of Dublyn and according to the auncient custome presented him by sufficient letters of testimonie vnto the Archbishop of Canterburie Anselme to be sacred of him the which according to their request did consecrate him and receyued of him a promise of his canonicall subiection after the olde vsuall maner hauing foure Bishops Suffraganes to the sea of Canterburie ministring to him at that consecration There went also among other dyuerse noble men forth of this Realme of Englande specially that worthily bare the surname of Beauchampe Robert Duke of Normandie minding also to goe in the same iourney An. reg 9 1096 Hen. Hunt VVil. Thorne Simon Dun. and wanting money to furnish and set forth himselfe engaged his duchie of Normandie vnto his brother king William for the summe of tenne thousande poundes And here was another occasion offered vnto king William to rayse a newe payment amongest his subiectes whiche was so grieuous as well to the spiritualtie A subsedie as to the temporaltie that diuerse Bishoppes and Abbottes whiche had alreadie made away some of their Chalices and Churche Iewelles to pay the King made nowe plaine answere that they were not able to helpe him wyth any more vnto whom on the other syde as the report went the King shoulde say agayne haue you not I beseeche you Coffins of Golde and Siluer full of deade mens bones meaning the shrines wherein the reliques of Saintes were inclosed which as his wordes seemed to import he woulde haue had them to conuert into mony therewyth to helpe him in that neede worthily iudging it no sacriledge though many did otherwise esteeme it considering as he pretended that it was gathered for so godly an vse as to mainteyne the warres agaynst the Infidels and enimies of Christ The Archbishop Anselme tooke the worth of two hundred Markes of siluer of the Iewels that belonged to the Church of Canterburie the more part of the couent of Monkes winking therat towardes the furnishing of such payment as he was constrayned to make
his brother Duke Robert Mat. Paris perswading them moreouer that y e said Duke was likely to prooue a sharp and rigorous gouernour if he once atteyned to y e Crowne and dominion of the Iland Moreouer he caused it to be bruted abrode and reported for a certain trouth that the same Robert was alreadie treated king of Ierusalem And therefore cōsidering that the kingdom of Palestine as the report went was of greater reuenues than that of England there was no cause why they shuld stay for him who would not willingly leaue the greater for the lesse By which meanes the nobilitie and commons were the sooner persuaded to decline from the election of the sayd Robert and to receiue his brother Henry for their lauful king who on the other side ceased not to promise moūtaines till his enterprise tooke effecte and then at leysure payed some of them with molle hylles as by the sequele of the storie shal more at large appeare Herevpon she was conueyed into Englande maried to the king who caused the Archbishop Anselme to crown hir Queene on Saynt Martines day whiche fell as that yeare came about vppon the Sundaye being the eleuenth of Nouember It shoulde seeme by Eadmerus that shee was neuer Nonue but only veyled by hir mother and placed amongst Nonnes agaynst hir mynde as she protested to the whole worlde at suche tyme as the Archebishoppe Anselme refused to consent to solemnise the mariage betwixt them ◅eru◅ tyll that doubte were cleared and the occasion remoued whervpon euill disposed men would haue grounded theyr iudgementes and reported the worste But whether she were professed or veyled only loth she was to consente at the fyrst as partly ye haue hearde but after that she was coupled with the kyng in marriage shee proued a right obedient wyfe The Archebishop of Vienne the Popes Legate About thys season the Archbishop of Vienne came ouer into Englande wyth the Popes authoritie as he pretended to bee Legate ouer all Britayne whyche was straunge newes vnto England and greatly meruayled at as sayth Eadmer of all menne For it hadde not beene hearde of in Englande before that tyme that any person shoulde exercyse the Popes roome excepte the Archebishoppe of Canterbury He is not receiued for legate And so he departed as he came for no manne receyued him as Legate nor he exercysed any Legantine authoritie Soone after the Kyng sense Ambassadours vnto Rome for a suite whyche hee had against the Archebishoppe Anselme for that hee denyed not onely to doe hym homage but also would not consecrate suche Bishoppes and other Ecclesiasticall Gouernours as he tooke vppon hym to inueste About which matter no small trouble was moued as partely hereafter it shall appeare 1011. In the meane tyme Roberte the kyngs elder brother retourning out of the holy lande commeth into Normandye for after he hadde aduertisemente of the deathe of hys brother Rufus and that his younger brother Henrye was crowned kyng of Englande hee was greately displeased in hys mynde and meante wyth all speede to assaye if hee myght recouer it oute of hys handes Ran. Higd. Duke Roberte chosen king of Hierusalem Wee reade that when the Christian Princes hadde wonne Hierusalem they did assemble togyther in the Temple to choose a Kyng to haue the gouernemente of that Citie and countrey and that Duke Roberte was chosen before all the residue to be King there by reason of a certain kynde of miracle wrought by the quenchyng of a taper and sodaine kindelyng thereof agayne as he helde the same in his hande standyng in the Churche afore the Altar amongest other on Easter euen as a vayne tale hath therof bin tolde So as thereby it should be thought he was appoynted among all the residue to be Kyng and so was he nominated But hee hauyng hys mynde more enclyned to Englande Polid◅r refused to take the charge vpon hym wherevppon after that daye he neuer greately prospered in any businesse whyche he tooke in hande But other Authours of good credite whiche haue written the Historie of that voyage made into the holye Lande make no mencion of any suche matter but declare that Godfray of Bolongne was by the generall consente of all the Princes and Capitaynes there elected kyng as in the description of the voiage into the holy land more playnly appeareth But nowe to retourne from whence I haue digressed When the fame was blowne into England that duke Robert was returned into Normandie An. reg 2. and that the people had receiued him for their Duke with great triumph and ioye there were diuers whiche deliting in newe alterations and being wearie of the quiet gouernement of king Henry Duke Roberte is solicited to come into England to claime the crovvne wrote letters ouer oute of Englande to the Duke signifying to hym that if he woulde make haste and come to recouer the realme oute of his brothers handes who vsurped therein by wrongfull title they would be ready to aide him with all their powers And herewithall the duke beeing ◅eadye of his owne accorde to thys enterprise was not a little enflamed and nowe made more earnest to make haste about this businesse And where hee woulde not seeme at the first muche to esteeme of the offer made to him by those Englishmen whiche had thus written ouer vnto him blaming generally all the english nobilitie for that whylest he was abroade in the seruice of the Christian common wealth agaynste the Infidels they woulde suffer hym to be in suche wyse defrauded of his fathers inheritance by his brother through their vntrouth and negligence yet although he mente to delay y e matter thought it rather better to dissemble with them for a tyme VVil. Mal. Simon Dun. than to committe the successe of his affaires and his person vnto theyr inconstancie Shortely after beeing sette on fire and still encouraged by the perswasion of Raufe bishop of Durham who by a meruaylous wylye shifte In the kal. of February R Haue H. Hunt Polidore about the first of February had broken out of prison with all speed possible he gathered his armie purposing out of hande to passe ouer with the same into England and to hazard his right by dente of sworde whiche was thus by playne iniurie moste wickedly deteyned from hym King Henry in the mean time vnderstanding his meaning likewyse assembled his power and furnished foorth a great number of ships appointyng them to lye in a readinesse to stop hys brothers comming to land if it myght be He himself also lodged wyth hys mayne armie neere vnto the towne of Hastings to be readie to giue him battayle if he landed thereaboutes The king hauing knowledge both of the arriuall of his enimies and of the reuoltyng of his subiectes reysed his Campe and came to lodge neere vnto his enimies the better to perceyue what he attempted and ment to doe They were also in manner readye to haue
see was then voyd and sent him into Ireland with Laurence the Archbishop of Dublin to be consecrated of Donate the Archbishop of Cassels A great deâ—â— The same yeare both Englande and the countreyes adioyning were sore vexed with a greate mortalitie of people and immediately after followed a sore dearth and famine King Henry helde his Christmas at Windsor An. Reg. 〈◊〉 1176 and about the feast of the conuersioÌ„ of Saint Paule he came to Northampton and now after that the mortalitie was well ceassed A Parliamâ—â—â— at Northâ—â—ton hee called a Parliamente there at the whiche was presente a Deacon Cardinall entitled of S. Angelo beyng sent into England as a Legate from the Pope to take order in the controuersies betwixte the two Archbishops of Canterbury and Yorke This Cardinall whose name was Hugh Petro Lione Mat. Parâ—â— assembling in the same place a conuocation or Synod of the Bishops and Clergie as well of England as Scotland in which conuocation after the ceassing of certeine strifes and decrees made as well concerning the state of coÌ„mon wealth as for the honest behauiour of mans life the Cardinall consented that accordingly as by the Kings lawes it was already ordeined all maner of persons within the sacred orders of y e Clergie An acte against Priâ—â—â— that were â—â—â—ters which should hunt within y e Kings groundes and kill any of his Deare shuld be conuented and punisheable before a temporall Iudge which libertie graunted to the King did so infringe the immunitie which the Cleargie pretended to haue within this Realme that afterwardes in many poyntes Priestes were called before temporall Iudges and punished for their offences as well as the Laitie though they haue grudged indeede and mainteined that they had wrong therein as they that would be exempt and iudged by none except by those of their owne order Polidor â—…eruas Dorâ—… Moreouer at this Counsell Kyng Henry restored vnto Robert Earle of Lecester all his laÌ„ds both on this side the sea and beyond in manner as hee helde the same fifteene dayes before the warre To William de Albeny Earle of Arundell he gaue the Erledome of Sussex About midlent the King with hys sonne and the Legate came to London where at Westminster a Conuocation of the Cleargie was called but when the Legate was set and the Archbishop of Canterbury on his right hand as primate of the Realme the Archbyshop of Yorke comming in The presumptuous demâ—â—nor of the Archbishop of Yorke disdeining to sitte on the left hand where he might seeme to giue preheminence vnto the Archbishop of Canterbury vnmanerly ynough indede swasht him down meaning to thrust himselfe in betwixt the Legate and the Archb. of Canterbury where belike the sayd Archb. of Canterbury was loth to remoue hee set his buttockes iust in his lappe but he vnneth touched the Archbishops skirt with his bumme wheÌ„ the Bishops and other Chapleines and their seruantes stept to him pulled him away and threwe him to the grounde and beginning to ley on hym with bats fistes the Archb. of Canterbury yeelding good for euill sought to saue him from theyr hands Appeales made After this followed appealings the Archbyshop of Yorke appealed to Rome and the Legate also for his owne safegard appealed the Archbyshoppe of Canterbury vnto Rome whiche Archbishop submitting himselfe and his cause vnder the Popes protection made a like solemne appeale from the Legate to the Pope The Legate perceiuing that the matter wente otherwise than hee wished and sawe little remedie to be had at that present gaue ouer his Legateship as it had bin of his owne accorde though greatly agaynste hys will and prepared himselfe to depart Yet neuerthelesse through mediation of friendes that trauelled betwixt them they gaue ouer their appeales on either syde and dissimuled the displeasures whiche they had conceyued eyther against other but yet the conuocation was dissolued for that time The Conuocation dissolued and the two Archbishoppes presented theyr compleyntes to the King who kepte his Easter thys yeare at Winchester and about the same time or shortly after licenced his sonne Henry to sayle ouer into Normandy meaning shortly after to goe vnto Compostella in Spaine to visite the body of Saint Iames the Apostle but beeing otherwise aduised by his fathers letters hee kepte not on his purpose but stayed at home The same yeare the Lady Iohan the Kyngs daughter was giuen in marriage vnto William King of Sicill Also the same yere died the Lorde chiefe Iustice of Irelande N. Triuet Roberte Earle of Striguill otherwise Chepstow then was William Fitzaldelme ordeined Lorde chiefe Iustice in hys place who seased into the Kynges hands all those fortresses which the sayd Earle of Striguill helde within the Realme of Irelande The Irishmen agreed also to yeelde to the Kyng a tribute of twelue pence yearely for euery house â—…eg Hou â—…ic triuet or else for euery yoke of Oxen whiche they had of their owne A tribute graÌ„ted by the Irishe William Earle of Arundell dyed also this yeare at Wauerley and was buried at Wymondham â—…eg Houed This yeare when it mighte haue bin thoughte that all things hadde bin forgotten touching the rebellious attemptes made against King Henry the father by his sonnes â—…he walles 〈◊〉 the towne 〈◊〉 Castell â—…f Lecester â—â—â—â—s ed. and other as before yee haue heard he caused the walles both of the town and Castell of Leicester to bee raced and broken downe and also all such other Castels and places of strength whiche had bin kept againste him during the time of that Rebellion were likewise ouerthrowen and made playne with the grounde as the Castels of Huntington Waleton Growby Hey Stutesbirry or Sterdesbirry Malasert the newe Castell of Allerton the Castels of Fremingham and Bungey with diuers other bothe in England and Normandy But the Castels of Pascy and Mountsorell he reteined in hys owne hands as his of right beeing so found by a iurie of free holders empanelled there in the countrey And further he seazed into his hands all the other Castels of Byshoppes Earles and Barons bothe in Englande and Normandy appoynting keepers in them at hys pleasure â—…leanor the â—…ings daughâ—â—r married 〈◊〉 to the king â—…f Castile â—…ilbert Fitz â—…ergus Also this yeare he married his daughter Eleanor vnto Alfonse K. of Castile Moreouer Gilbert the son of Fergus Lord of Galloway whiche hadde slayne his brother Vthred cousin to King Henry came this yeare into Englande vnder conduit of William King of Scotlande and became King Henry the fathers man swearing to him fealtie against all men and for to haue his loue and fauour he gaue to hym a thousand markes of siluer and deliuered into hys hands his sonne Duncane as a pledge It is to be remembred also Richard Earle â—…f Poictow that in this yeare Richard Earle of Poyctow sonne to King Henry foughte with certaine Brabanders his enimies
after the truce began to expire which he had graunted vnto the Earles of March and Augi on the Friday before Whitsonday he came with his army before the Castell of MeireueÌ„t Meireuent Geffrey de Lucignan which beloÌ„ged vnto Geffrey de Lucignam and on y e day next ensuing being Whitson eue he wanne the same And on Whitsonday he layde siege vnto Nouant Nouant an other Castel belonging to the same Geffrey who as then was lodged in the same and also two of hys sonnes but within three dayes after that the siege was layde the Earle of March came to King Iohn and did so much that through his meanes both Geffrey and his two sonnes were receyued to mercy and Kyng Iohn put in possession of the Castell After this bycause King Iohn was aduertised that Lewis the Frenche Kings sonne hadde besieged Mountcounter Mountcounter a Castell that was apperteyning to the said Geffrey he hasted thitherwards and came to Parthenay whither came to hym as well the foresayd Earle of Marche Parthenay as also the Earle of Angy and both they togyther with the sayde Geffrey de Lucignam dyd homage to oure Kyng and so became hys liege men The same time also Iane the daughter oâ—… King Iohn married 〈◊〉 erle of Mâ—… the Lady Iane the kings daughter was affianced to the sayde Earle of Marche hys sonne whereas the Frenche Kyng made meanes to haue hir married to hys sonne but for that Kyng Iohn doubted least that sute was attempted but vnder some cloked pretext he would giue no care thereto but rather made thys matche with the Earle of Marche in hope so to assure himselfe of the said Earle that might stand him in no small steede to defend his cause against his aduersaries of Fraunce But now to the doings in Englande Ye haue heard before how Pope InnoceÌ„t according to that whiche King Iohn had required of hym by solemne messengers directed hys Bulles vnto his legate Nicholas declaring vpon what conditions his pleasure was to haue the sentence of interdiction released Wherein first he commaunded that the king shoulde satisfie and pay so much money vnto the Archbishop of CaÌ„terburie and to the Bishop of London and Ely as should fully amount to the summe of .xl. M. Markes with that which alreadie he had payed which was .xxvij. thousand Markes at two seueral payments as vpon his accounts appeared For true contentation and payment to bee made of the residue he ordeyned that the king should be sworne and also seale to an obligation and certaine sureties with him as the Bishops of Norwich and Winchester with the Earles of Chester Winchester and Marshall all which things were performed at this present so that after the assurance so taken for payment of the odde .xiij. thousande Markes behinde residue of the .xl. M. Markes the interdiction was takeÌ„ vtterly away and the lande solemnly released by the Legate â—…e interdicâ—… released sitting within the Cathedrall Church of S. Paule at London vpon the .xxix. of Iune in the yeare 1214. after the terme of .vj. yeares three monethes and .xiiij. dayes that the realme had bene stryken with that dreadfull darte of correction as it was then esteemed King Iohn in this meane while remayning still in France and finding at the beginning fortune fauourable ynough vnto him by reason his power was muche encreased by the ayde of the Poictouins he determined to attempt the wynning of Brytaine for this cause specially that he might by so doing weaken the French kings power and partly also to withdraw him froÌ„ the warres of Flanders on which side he had procured likewise the Frenche borders to bee inuaded with great force and that not onely by the Earle and such captaynes as he had sent thither The Emperor Otho and reteyned in wages but also by the Emperour Otho who in proper person came downe into that Countrey himselfe After this hee besieged a Castell that stoode vpon the banke of the Riuer of Loyer called La Roch aâ—… Moyne enforcing his whole endeuour to haue woonne it â—…e French â—…gs sonne â—…e to fight â—…h K. Iohn But ere hee coulde attaine his purpose he was aduertised that Lewes the sonne of King Philip was comming towardes him with a great power to rayse his siege wherefore hauing no greate confidence in the Poictanins and vnderstanding that Lewes brought wyth him a verie strong armie hee tooke aduice of hys Counsell who iudged that it shoulde bee best for him to breake vp his siege and to depart whiche hee did and went straight way to Angiers Lewes after king Iohn was thus retyred King Iohn remoueth to Angiers The Poictanins subdued by the French brought the Poictanins againe to subiection and put the chiefe authours of the rebellion to death But to the purpose Perceyuing himselfe now destitute of his best friendes of whom diuerse remayned prisoners with the French king beeing taken at the battaile of Bouins he thought good to agree with king Philip for this present by way of taking some truce which by mediation of Ambassadors riding to and fro betwixt them A truce taken betwixt the two kings of England and France was at length accorded to endure for fiue yeares to begin at Easter in the yere of our lord .1215 Then after this about the .xix. day of October he returned into Englande to appease certain tumultes which beganne alreadie to shewe foorth buddes of some newe ciuill dissention and surely the same spredde abrode theyr blossomes so freshly that the fruite was knitte before the growth by any tymely prouision coulde be hyndered For the people being set on by diuerse of the supreiors of both sortes fynding themselues agreeued that the King kept not promise in restoring the auncient lawes of Saint Edwarde determined from thenceforth to vse force since by request he might not preuayle The Nobles also supposing that longer delay therin was not to be suffred assembled themselues togyther at the Abbey of Burie vnder colour of going thither to doe their deuotions to the bodie of Saint Edmond which lay there enshrined where they vtter their complaynt of the kings tyrannicall maners A cloked 〈◊〉 grymage alledging howe they were ofteÌ„times called forth to serue in the warres and to fight in defence of the Realme and yet notwithstanding were at home still oppressed by the kings officers who vppon confidence of the lawes attempted al things whatsoeuer they conceyued And if any man complayned and alledged that he receyued wrong at theyr handes they would answere by and by that they had law on theyr side to do as they had done so that it was no wrong but right which they did and therefore if they that were the Lordes and Peeres of the Realm were men it stood them vpon to prouide that such inconuenience might bee auoyded and better lawes brought in vse by the which theyr auncestors lyued in a more quiet and happy state The Châ—… of king Hâ—… the
authoritie to cause Lewes to stay his iorney and not to succor those rebels in Englande which he had alreadie excommunicated The Pope desirous to helpe king Iohn in all that he might bycause he was now his Vassall An. 〈…〉 Cardiâ—… Guâ—…lo Maâ—… sent his Legate Gualo into Fraunce to disswade king Philip from taking any enterprise in hande against the king of England The 〈◊〉 kings â—…tions 〈◊〉 Popes 〈◊〉 Gualâ—… But king Philip though he was content to heare what the Legate coulde say yet by no meanes he coulde be turned from the execution of his purpose alledging that king Iohn was not the lawful king of England hauing first vsurped taken it away from his nephew Arthur the lawful inheritor And that now sithence as an enimie to his owne royall dignity he had giuen the right of his sayde kingdome away to the Pope which he could not do without consent of his nobles 〈◊〉 VVest And therefore thorow his owne fault he was worthily depriued of all hys kingly honour 〈◊〉 Par. For the kingdome of Englande saith he neuer belonged to the patrimonie of S. Peter nor at any tyme shall for admit that hee were rightfull king yet neyther he nor any other Prince may giue away his kingdome withoute the assent of his Barons which are bounde to defende the same and the prerogatiue royall to the vttermost of their powers Furthermore saith he if the Pope do meane to maintaine this error he shall giue a perilous example to al kingdome of the worlde Herewithall the nobles of France 〈◊〉 present protested also with one voyce that in defence of this article they would stand vnto death which is that no king or prince at his will and pleasure might giue away his kingdom or make it tributarie to any other poâ—…tate whereby the Nobles shoulde become thrall or subiect to a forrain gouernor These things were done at Lions in the quindene after Easter On the morrow following being the .xxvj. of Aprill by his fathers procuremeÌ„t Lewes came into the Councell Chamber and with frowning looke behelde the Legate â—…es the â—…ch kings â—…e mainteiâ—… his preâ—…ed title to â—…rowne of â—…ande where by his procurator he defended the cause that moued him to take vppon him this iourney into Englande disprouing not onely the right which king Iohn had to the crowne but also alledging his owne interest not only by his new election of the barons but also in the title of his wife whose mother the Queene of Castile remayned only in life of all the brethren sisters of Henry the second late king of England as ye before haue heard The Legate made answere herevnto that king Iohn had taken vpon him the Crosse as one appoynted to goe to warre agaynst Gods enimies in the holy land 〈◊〉 priuilege â—…ose that â—…e vpon the crosse wherfore he ought by decree of the general CouÌ„cell to haue peace for foure yeares to come and to remaine in suretie vnder protection of the Apostolike Sea But Lewes replied thereto that king Iohn had first inuaded by warre his Castels and landes in Picardy and wasted the same as Buncham castell Liens with the countie of Guisnes which belonged to the fee of the sayd Lewes But these reasons notwithstanding 〈◊〉 Paris the Legate warned the French king on paine of cursing not to suffer his sonne to goe into Englande and likewise hys sonne that he should not presume to take the iorney in hand But Lewes hearing this declared that his father had nothing to do to forbid him to prosecute his right in y e realm of England which was not holden of him And therefore he required his father not to hinder his purpose in such things which belonged nothing to him but rather to lycence him to seake the recouery of his wines right which he â—…ent to pursue with perâ—…ll of life if 〈◊〉 should require The Legate perceyuing he coulde not preuaile in his sute made to k. Philip thought that he would not spend time longer in vaine in further treating with him but sped him forth into England obteining yet a safecoÌ„duct of the french king to passe through his realme â–ª The French kings sonne sendeth to the Pope Lewes in like maner purposing by all meanes to preueÌ„t the Legate first dispatched forth Ambassadors in aâ—…ast vnto the Court of Rome to excuse himselfe to the Pope and to render the reasons that most specially moued him to proceede forwarde in his aâ—…erprise against king Iohn being called by the Barons of England to take the crowne thereof vpon him And this done with all coâ—…hieâ—…e speed he came downe to Calice He commeth to Calice where be found 〈◊〉 ships wel appointed and trimmed which Enstate â—…urnamed the Monke had gathered and prepared there readie agaynst his comming King Iohn about the same time that Lewes thus arriued came to Douer meaning to fight with his aduersaâ—…yes by the way as they shoulde come forwarde towardes London But yet vpon other aduisement taken he chaunged his purpose Mat. Par. bycause hee putte some doubt in the Flemings and other straungers of whome the most part of his armye consisted bycause hee knewe that they hated the Frenche men no more than they did the English Therefore furnishing the Castell of Douer with men munition and vittails he left it in the keeping of Hubert or Burgh a man of notable prowes and valiancie and returned himselfe vnto Canterburie and froÌ„ thence tooke the high way towardes Winchester Lewes being aduertised that king Iohn was retyred out of Kent passed through the countrey without any encounter and wanne al the castels and holdes as he went but Douer he coulde not wynne At his comming to Rochester he layde siege to the castel there wan it Rochester â—…stell wâ—… causing at the straungers that were found within it to be hanged Lewes commeth to London This done he came to London and there receyued the homage of those Lordes and gentlemen whiche had not yet done theyr homage to him at Sandwich And he on the other part toke an othe to mainteyn and performe the old lawes and customes of the realme and to restore to euerie man his rightfull heritage and landes requyring the Barons furthermore to continue faythfull towardes him assuring them to bring things so to passe that the realme of Englande shoulde recouer the former dignitie and they their auncient liberties Moreouer hee vsed them so courteously gaue them so fayre wordes and made such large promises that they beleeued him with all theyr heartes And the rumor of this his outward courtesie being once spred through the Realme caused great numbers of people to come flocking to him amongst whoÌ„ there were diuerse of those which before had taken part with king Iohn as William Erle Warren Noble men reuolting froÌ„ king Iohn vnto Lewes William erle of Arundell William Earle of Salisburie William Marshall the yonger and diuerse other supposing verily
Breuse â—…nolde de â—…e the same Reginalde besought the king to helpe to remoue that siege The king cotented with his request came with a puissant armye into those partyes and therwith the siege was raysed for the Welchemen acording to theyr accustomed maner fled The king then entring further into the country came to the place where Mountgomerie nowe standeth â—…tgomerie â—…ll buylt and perceiuing the site of the same to serue well for fortification he caused a castell to he builded there to restrain the Welchmen from theyr accustomed trade of harrying the countrey And so after he had foraied those quarters and taken order for the full accomplishment of that castell hee returned Escuago pay dâ—… the nobles graunting to him of euerye Knightes see two markes of siluer These things being thus brought to quiet the king who by dayly experience of matters grewe to more knowledge from time to tyme beganne nowe of himselfe to order his aâ—…ayres for his owne behalfe Polidorâ—… namely â—…oudyng the estâ—…e of his kingdome and bicause he was minded to allaye the recoueryt of those places which his father had loste in Fraunce he orderned Sauarye de Manâ—…on to be his lieutenant in Guyeme wherof a great part as yet remained in his handes K. Henry requireth restitution of his right of the FreÌ„ch king and moreouer sent ambassadors vnto the Frenche king requiring of him restitution of those places whiche he had taken from his father These Oratours being come into Fraunce and admitted to the kings presence receyued aunswere that nothing oughte to be restored The Frenche kings ansvver whiche by lawe of armes was rightly conquered And other redresse at that tyme woulde none bee graunted But a maruayle it was to consider heere at home in how short a space the state of the Englishe Common wealthe was chaunged and from a troubled fourme reduced to a flourithyng and prosperous degree chiefly by the diligente heede and carefull prouision of the king himselfe So muche auaileth it to haue him that ruleth to attende that whiche belongeth to his office These mariages were solempnised at Yorke on the morrowe after the feaste of Saint Iohn Baptist in the presente of a greate number of the nobles bothe of Englande and Scotland An. reg 6. 1222. A councell or synode at Oxford A councell also was holden by the Archebishoppe of Canterbury at Oxforde for reformation of the state Ecclesiasticall and the Religion of Monkes In which CouÌ„cel two naughtie felows were preseÌ„ted before him that of late had bin apprehended eyther of them naming himself Christ and preached many thinges againste suche abuses as the Clergie at those dayes vsed Tvvo dissemblyng persones apprehended Mat. VVest Moreouer to proue theyr erroure to haue a shewe of truth they shewed certein tokens and signes of woundes in theyr bodies handes and feet like vnto our sauiour Iesus that was nailed on the crosse In the ende being well apposed they were found to be but false dissemblers wherefore by dome of that councell they were iudged to be nailed vnto a crosse of woode and so those to whome the execution was assigned had them forthe to a place called Arborberie wher they nailed them to a crosse They are executed and there left them till they wer dead The one of them was an Hermophrodite that is to wit bothe man and woman Tvvo vvomen counterfaiting themselues to be the one our Lady the other Marye Magdalene Radulphus Cogeshall Also there were two women condempned of whome the one had taken vpon hir to be that blessed Virgin Marye and the other fained hir selfe to be Marye Magdalen Rafe Cogheshall sheweth this matter otherwise and saith that there were two men and two women in deede broughte before the archbishoppe at this Councell of the whiche one of the men being a deacon was accused to bee an Apostata and for the loue of a woman that was a Iewe he had circumcised himselfe he beeing hereof conuict and disgraded was committed to the secular power and so burnt by the seruaÌ„tes of Foulkes de Brent The other beeing a yong man was accused of contempning the sacramentes of the church and that he had suffred himselfe to be crucified hauing the printes of the fiue woundes appearing in his bodie and counterfaited himselfe to be Christ reioicing to haue the two women to giue out and spread the rumor abroade that hee was Christe in deed one of the which women being very aged was also accused of witchery hauing with hir sorcerie and witchcrafte brought that yong man vnto suche wicked folie and madnes They two being hereof coÌ„uicted wer closed vp betwixte two walles where they remayned till they died the other woman being sister to the yong man was pardoned and let go bicause she had reuealed the deuilish practise of the other At the daye appointed there was a greate assemblie and the Stewarde hadde gotte together out of all partes the best wrastlers that might be hearde of so that there was harde holde betwixte them and the Londoners But finally A riâ—…â—…ted vâ—… tence of â—… stelyng the Steward vpon desire of reuenge procured them to fal together by the eares without any iust cause so that the Londoners were beaten and wounded and constrayned to flee back to the citie in greate disorder The Citizens sore offended to see their people so misused rose in tumulte and rang the coÌ„mon bell to gather the more company to them Roberâ—… Maior oâ—…â—…don Robert Serle Maior of the Citie wold haue pacified the matter persuadyng them to lette the iniurie passe tyll by orderly playnt they mighte get redresse as lawe and iustice shoulde assigne But a certayne stoute man of the Citie named Constantine Fitz Arnulfe Constanâ—… Cuâ—…â—…don pâ—… the câ—… reuengeâ—… cause by 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 Math. 〈◊〉 of good auctoritie amongst them aduised the multitude not to herken vnto peace but to seke reuenge out of hand so as the houses belongyng to the Abbotte of Westminster and namely the house of his stewarde might be ouerthrowen and beaten flatte with the grounde This lewde Councell was sonest receiued and executed by the outrageous people Constantine himselfe being chiefe leader of them crying with a loude voice Mount ioy Mounte ioye God bee our ayde and our soueraigne Lewes The King furthermore to reuenge this matter deposed all the Magistrates of the Citie and ordeined newe in their roomes Whiche caused greate hartburning against diuers of the nobilitie but chiefly the Lorde Hubert and Foulkes de Brent on whom in time they hoped to haue reuenge And as the brosle vexed the Citie of London â—… tempest so in this yeare there chaunced greate tempest of thunder lightning and rayne wherby muche hurte was done in dyuers partes of the realme â—…enerall â—…der and at sundry times as by throwing downe of Steeples Churches and other buildings with the rootewalting of trees aswel in woodes as in orchards righte maruellous to consider
authors varye for some write Mat. Paris Ambassadors sent into Fraunce that kyng Henry sente ouer certayne persons as the Archbyshoppe of Yorke the Byshoppe of Careleill and the Lorde Phillippe Dalbeny to vnderstande the myndes of the Normans the Britaines and Poictouins and for that those that were sente broughte worde againe that the sayde people were not greatly mynded to forsake the Frenche gouernemente hee surceassed from attempting any exployte at that tyme. Other write that gatheryng a greate summe of money of hys subiectes towardes the mayntenaunce of hys charges hee prepared a nauie of Shippes and sayled ouer with the sayde Earle of Marche into Britaigne and there wasted the confynes of the Frenche dominions and that when the Frenche kyng was ready with an army to succoure his subiectes hee soddaynely retired to hys Shippes and returned into Englande without atchieuing any enterprise worthie of remembrance so that whether hee wente hymselfe or sente Polidor it forceth not for certayne it is that hee profited nothing at that season either by sending messengers to procure him friendship or by going ouer himselfe to make an entry of the warres When the Frenche businesse was thus at a stay within a few monethes after The Earle of Cornewall returneth home Mat. Paris Richard Earle of Cornewall returned foorth of Galcoigne into EnglaÌ„d and shortly after bycause he heard and was credibly enformed y t a certaine manour place whiche Walerane y e Teutchman Captaine of Berkamstede castell held by the gift and assignement of Kyng Iohn apperteyned to his Earledome of Cornewall The Earle of Cornewall he seased that Castel into his hands So that Waleran being thus dispossessed exhibited his bill of complaynt to the King who incontinently sente to the Earle commaundyng him to make restitution which he vtterly refused to do But forthwith comming to the King and withoute reteyning anye aduocate declared hys right which he offred to auerre in open presence and in any of the kings Courtes before whatsoeuer peeres of the Realme should be there assembled This addition the peeres of the Realme nothing pleased the Kyng and hys Counsell namely the Lord chiefe Iustice by whose aduice the King meante to haue apprehended the Earle the same nyght after he was withdrawen to hys lodging But the Earle warned thereof secretely departed He departeth froÌ„ the Courte secretely accompanyed only with one man and neuer drew bridle out of hys Horses mouth vntill he came to Readyng whether his seruauntes resorted to him and from thence he rode straight to Marlebridge where he founde hys deare friend William Earle Marshall with whome hee dyd participate of the daunger likely to haue befallen hym Then they drewe to the Earle of Chester and taking order with him for the raysing of an army He ioyneth himselfe with the Earles of Chester and Pembroke and others They meete at Stanfort with an army there met shortly after at Stamford these persons whose names heereafter ensue Ranulfe Earle of Chester William Marshall Earle of Pembroke Richard Erle of Cornewall y e kings brother Gilberte Earle of Gloucester William Earle Warenne Henry Earle of Hereforde William Erle Ferrers William Erle of Warwike and dyuers Barons Lords and Knights hauing there with them a great puissance of warlike personages The Kyng hauing vnderstanding as well of their demeanor as also what they required by their letters and messengers to hym dayly sente thought good for a time to pacifie their fury A day appointed to meete at Northampton or a treatie of pacification and therevpon appoynted a day at Northampton where he woulde meete and minister suche iustice vnto theÌ„ as should be thought reasonable and to stande with their good willes and contentation The Kyngs graunt to hys brother Wherevpon the parties comming to Northhampton at the daye assigned hee graunted to the Earle his brother at the instant desire of the Lordes all hys mothers dower with all those landes whyche belonged to the Earle of Brytayne within Englande and withall those lands also that apperteyned to the Earle of Bollongne deceassed And thus the matter being pacified euery man departed to hys home whereas if the Kyng had bin froward warres had immediately bin raysed betwixt them namely bycause many of the Lordes bare a secret grudge towardes the Kyng for that hee had reuoked certayne liberties whyche in the beginning of his raigne hee hadde graunted to be holden though now to take away the enuy whiche mighte bee conceyued towardes hym for hys doyng he alledged that hee dyd not infringe any thyng that hee hadde then graunted but such things as his gouernoures hadde suffered to passe whylest hee was vnder age and not ruler of hymselfe hee caused them therefore to redeeme many of the same priuiledges whereby he gayned great finaunce for the settyng too of hys newe seale as before ye haue heard Moreouer in thys yeare there were sent certayne persons from Pope Gregory the nynth The Pâ—… horteâ—… Chrisâ—… make â—…ney agâ—… the Sâ—… that succeeded Honorius into all the parties of Europe to moue by Preaching the Christian people to make a iourney into the holy lande agaynste the Sarazens Suche a multitude by meanes heereof dyd assemble togyther from all parties and that within a short tyme as the lyke hadde seldome tymes bin hearde of It is sayde that amongst them there shoulde bee at the poynt of fortie thousand Englishmenne Mat. â—… sixty 〈◊〉 of whome Peter Byshoppe of Winchester and William Bishop of Exceter wer the chiefe Captayne 's also of that greate multitude of crossed Souldiers that wente foorthe of sundry countreys were these Theobalde Earle of Champaigne and Phillip de Albeny Polidor through whose negligence the sequele of this noble enterprise came but to small effect But to proceede About this time also Aâ—… reâ—… 12â—… Mat. Pâ—… Weighâ—… meâ—… Polidâ—… Hubeâ—… Burgâ—… Erle of 〈◊〉 the kyng minding the benefyte of the coÌ„mon wealth caused y e weightes and measures generally within the land to be reformed after one standerd And furthermore hee created Hubert de Burgh Earle of Kent whych Hubert how muche prayse so euer hee got at the beginning for his valiancie shewed in the defending of Douer Castell and in vanquishing the Frenche fleete that was comming to the succour of Lewes by battayle on the Sea it is certaine y t he now purchased hymselfe double asmuch hatred euil wil bycause that being of secret counsell with the King and thereby after a sort sequestred from the Lords he was knowen to diswade the sayde Prince from restoring of the auntiente lawes and customes vnto the people whyche the Barons oft required whereby it came to passe that the more hee grewe in fauoure with the Prince the further hee came into the enuie of the nobilitie and hatred of the people which is a coÌ„mon reward to such as in respect of theyr master do little regard the profite of others In that yeare also Fabian a graunt was
the Citie and so the Maior returned home agayne The Sâ—… of Lonâ—… 〈◊〉 but the Sherifes remayned there as prisoners by the space of a whole moneth or more and yet they excused themselues in that the faulte chiefly rested in the Byshoppes officers for whereas the prisoner was vnder hys custody they aâ—…s request had graunted hym licence to emprison the offender within theyr warde of Newgate but so as hys officers were charged to see him safely kept The King notwithstanding demanded of the Citie three thousand markes for a fyne Moreouer whereas hee stode in great neede of money â—…he King deâ—…andeth moâ—…y of the â—…wes he required by way of a tallage right thousand marks of the Iewes charging them on payne of hanging not to defer that payment The Iewes sore empouerished with greeuous and often payments excused theÌ„selues by the Popes vsurers and reprooued plainly the Kings excessiue taking of money as well of his Christian subiectes as of them The Kyng on the other syde to let it be knowen that he taxed not his people without iust occasion and vpon necessitie that droue him thereto confessed openly that he was indebted by his bondes obligatorie â—…he Kings â—…bt 3000000 â—…arkes in three hundred thousand marks and again the yearely reuenewes assigned to his son Prince Edward rose to the summe of fifteene thousande markes and aboue where the reuenewes that belonged to the Crowne were greatly diminished in such wise that without the ayd of his subiects he should neuer be able to come out of debt To be short when he had fleesed the Iewes to the quick he set them to ferme vnto his brother Earle Richard that hee mighte pull off skinne and all but yet he considering their pouertie spared them and neuerthelesse â—…e Barle of â—…newall â—…deth the â—…ng money to relieue his brothers necessitie vppon pawne he lent to him an huge masse of money 〈◊〉 Oliphant â—…nt to the K. About the same time Lewes the French king sent vnto King Henry for a present an OliphaÌ„t a beast most straunge and wonderfull to y e English people sith most seldome or neuer any of that kynde had bin seene in England before that time â—…n Ewer of â—…arle perâ—…uenture an â—…at The French Queene also sente for a presente vnto the King of England an ewer of pearle like to a Peacocke in forme and fashion garnished most richly with golde siluer and Saphires to furnish him foorth in all poyntes of fine and cunning workmanship to the very resemblaunce of a liue Peacocke â—…ange wonâ—…rs â—…gh tides Also many wonders chaunced about the same time The Sea rose with most hygh tydes Ryuers were so fylled with abundance of water by reason of the great continual rayne that maruellous finddes followed therevpon Comete A Comet also appeared and many high buyldings were striken by force of teÌ„pestes â—…e deceasse Walther â—…chbyshop of â—…orke The death of Walther Archbyshop of Yorke followed these prodigious woÌ„ders who had gouerned that see the space of fortie yeares After him succeeded one Seuall the 34. Archbishop of that Citie â—…nor the â—…fe of Prince â—…ward comâ—…eth to the â—…tie About the feast of Saint Etheldred the Lady Eleanor wife of Prince Edwarde the Kinges sonne came to London where she was honorably receyued of the Citizens and conueyed thorough the Citie to S. Ioanes withoute Smithfielde and there lodged for a season and ere long she remoued vnto the Sauoy It was not long after that the King seased the liberties of the Citie of LondoÌ„ into his haÌ„ds for certayne money whiche the Queene claymed as due to hir of a certayne right to be payde by the Citizens so that about the feast of Saint Martine in Nouember The liberties of the Citie restored to the Londoners they gaue vnto the Kyng foure hundred markes and then had their liberties to them againe restored and the Kings vnder treasorer discharged the whiche for the tyme was made custos or keeper of the Citie A Legate froÌ„ the Pope named Ruscand a Gascoigne This Ruscand also assoyled the King of his vowe made to goe into the holy lande to the ende he might goe against Manfred King of Sicill He also preached the Crosse against the same Manfred promising all those remission of theyr sinnes which should goe to warre against Manfred The Crosse preached against MaÌ„fred as well as if they shoulde goe into the holye land to warre againste Goddes enimies there whereat faithfull men much maruelled that hee should promise as greate meede for the sheading of Christian bloud as of the bloud of Infidels The fetches whiche were vsed in this season by this Ruscande and the Bishop of Hereforde and other theyr complices for to get money of the Prelates and gouernoures of Monasteries within this Realme were wonderfull and right greeuous to those that felt themselues oppressed therewith and namely for the debt whyche the sayde Byshoppe of Hereforde hadde charged them with they beeyng not priuie to the receypt nor hauing any benefite thereby This yeare after Saint Lukes day An. reg â—… the kyng assembled a great number of the nobilitie of LoÌ„don and thither came the Bishop of Bolognale Grasse from the Pope Edmond 〈◊〉 Kings sâ—… iâ—… of Siciâ—… Naples Chrâ—… 〈◊〉 bringing with him a ring with the which he inuested Edmond the Kyngs sonne King of Sicil and Naples About y e same time the burgesse of Derby obteyned of the King for a summe of money to haue the Iustices Innerantes to holde their assises at Derby for the Countie of Derby and likewise the Sheriffes to keepe their tourneys there and not at Nottingham as before they had bin accustomed for both the Shires But now to returne to the Bishops In the meane time the Byshop of Hereforde and Ruscand sought to set variance and discorde amongst the English Prelates whereby beeyng deuided in partes and not consenting togither they should be lesse able to giue true information to the Pope how the very troth rested But finally bycause the Archbyshoppe of Caunterbury was in the parties of beyoÌ„d the Sea and for that also the Sea of Yorke was vacante The Coâ—… proâ—…ogeâ—… and diuers Byshops were absent the Counsell was proroged till the feast of Sainte Hillarie and so they departed euery man to his home in a maruellous doubt what way were best for them to take for they saw themselues in great distresse if Ruscand did suspend or excoÌ„municate any of them eyther iustly or otherwise For sure they were that the K. as a Lion lying in awayte whome he myght deuoure to get money after 40. days wer past The King â—…eth in 〈◊〉 for men goodes if they submitted not theÌ„selues would despoile theÌ„ of al their goodes as forfeited so y t the Pope the K. semed as though y e shepherd Woulf had bin coÌ„federate togither to y e destructioÌ„ of y e pore flocke of the Sheepe
Tho. VVâ—… where they were present in Paris on Whitsunday at the coronation of Philip son to the French king created that day king of Nauarre Iohn de Drokensford Bishop of Bath and Welles was appointed warden of the realm till the kings returne In Iuly the king returned backe from hys iourney into Fraunce An. Reg. Records 〈◊〉 and landed at Sandwich the Monday before the feast of S. Margaret hauing dispatched his businesse with the French K. in good and honorable maner for his landes and Countrey of Gascoigne About this season Maurice Fitz Thomas Hen. Mâ—… Mariages and Thomas Fitz Iohn maried two sisters that were daughters to Richard Erle of Vlmester In this meane time while Robert Bruce recouered the most part of all Scotland 1â—…14 The 〈◊〉 Robâ—… 〈◊〉 winning out of the Englishmens handes such Castels as they held within Scotland chasing al the souldiers which lay there in garnison out of the couÌ„try and subduing such of the Scottes as helde on the English part King Edwarde to be reuenged hereof The king England â—…seth 〈◊〉 lande with a mightie armie brauely furnished and gorgeously apparelled more seemely for a triumph thaÌ„ meet to encounter with the cruel enimie in the field entred Scotland in purpose specially to rescue the Castel of Sterling as then besieged by the Scottishmen But at his approching nere to the same Robert Bruce was redie with his power to giue him battail In the which king Edward nothing doubtful of losse had so vnwisely ordred his people and confounded their rankes that euen at the first ioyning they were not onely beaten downe and ouerthrowne by those that coped with them at hande but also were wounded with shotte a farre off by those their enimyes which stoode behinde to succour theyr fellowes when need required The Enâ—… men câ—… so that in the ende the Englishmen fledde to saue their liues and were chased and slaine by the Scottes in great number The king escaped with a fewe aboute him The king escaped in great danger to haue beene either taken or slaine Many were drowned in a little riuer called Banokesborne The 〈◊〉 Baâ—… neare to the which the battayle was foughten There were slain of nobleÌ„ men Gilbert Erle of Glocester Robert Lord Clifford the lord Giles ArgeÌ„tine the L Pain Tiptost y e L. Wil. The Lorde Reginalde Daincourt the Lorde Edmond of Mauley the kings stewarde with other Lordes and Barons to the number of .xlij. and of knightes and Baronets to the number of lxvij The great â—…ughter of â—…glishmen â—…lidor There were slaine of all sortes vpon the English part that day about ten thousande men ouer and beside the prisoners that were taken Amongst the which were accounted .xxij. men of name â—…bian â—…esden â—…iont to 〈◊〉 and â—…at Paris as the Earle of Hertforde the Lord Iohn Segrane William Lorde Latimer Maurice Lorde Berkley and other Hee that lysteth to heare more of this discomfiture may reade thereof further at large in the Scottish hystorie The king of Englande hauing escaped from this battayle which was fought on Midsommer day in the yeare aforesayd came to Yorke where he helde a Councell of his Lordes An. reg 8. A couâ—… holden at Yorke to haue theyr aduice by what meanes he might best restore hys armie and auenge the losse which he had susteyned at the handes of his enimie the Bruce Sir Pierce Spalding And shortly after was sir Peter Spalding sent vnto Berwike with a crew of souldiers to defende the towne agaynst the sayde Bruce who entended shortly to lay siege to that towne as the king had certaine vnderstanding The Irishmen being put in great feare herewith assembled togither and ioyned themselues with such Englishmen as lay there in garnisons â—…he Lorde â—…mingham ouer the which the Lorde Iohn Bermingham as deputie had the chiefe charge Thus being ioyned togither they make earnest resistance against the attempts of their enimies in defence of the Countrey And so by that meanes they warre fight one agaynst another with great slaughter on both sides the Scottishmen on their part doing their best to obteyne the gouernment of the Countrey hauing alreadie obteyned no small portion therof and created Edward Bruce king there and the Irishe men on the other part enforcing their whole endeuor to beate the enimye backe and to ridde him out of the Countrey But at length the inuincible obstinatenesse of the Irishmen preuayled through ayde of the English men as after it shall appeare But in the meane while as some Englishe Chronicles make mention â—…eat slaughâ—… of Scottes Irelande there died of the Scottes in these warres to the number of thirtie thousand and aboue fiftene thousande Irishmen The Scottes not onely thus inuaded Irelande Ri. Southwel but also they continued theyr rage against Englande The Bishoprike of DurhaÌ„ spoyled by the Scottes For the same yeare about the feast of Peter and Paule they enter into the Bishopryke of Durham and spoyle the Countrey vnto Hartilpoole which towne they robbed of all the goods which they there founde the Inhabitants being fled with theyr shippes to the sea About Maudelentyde following An. reg 9. Robert Bruce inuadeth Englande Carleil besieged the King of Scottes entred Englande with a mightie armie on the west borders and comming to Cairleil besieged the Citie remayning before it tenne dayes but they within so valiantly defended theÌ„selues and theyr walles that the Scottes loste more than they wanne sauing that during theyr abode at this siege they robbed and wasted the Countreys of Allerdale Copelande and Westmerlande The .xj. day after theyr comming thither when they had assayed all their force and pollicie to win the Citie and saw themselues nothing to preuayle but to lose theyr men and trauayle they raysed their field returned into Scotland with dishonor The siege â—…ysed Iohn de Murrey taken leauing behind them al their engines of warre As they went their wayes certaine Englishmen following them tooke Iohn de Murrey who in the battail of Striueling had for his part xiij Englishe knights prisoners beside Esquiers and other They tooke also with him one Robert Berdolf a great enimie of the Englishmen Great raine This yeare there fell exceeding greate raine and abundaunce of wette in the Monethes of Iuly and August that the husbandmen of the Countrey could not get nor inne that small crop which then stoode on the grounde and that which they inned yeelded not the hoped quantitie as when it came to the thresshing it well appeared Iohn of Eltham borne On the day of the Assumption of our Lady Iohn the kings seconde sonne was borne at Eltham A knight of Lancashire called sir Adam Banister raysed warre in this .ix. yeare of king Edwardes raigne agaynst his Lorde the Earle of Lancaster but about the feast of Saint Martyn he was taken and beheaded Also this yeare Edwarde le Bruce brother to the king of Scottes
comming appointed the Lord Lewes of Spaine sir Charles Grimaldo and sir Antony Doria with three thousand Genewes Genewes reteined in the French kings wages and a thousande menne of armes embarqued in two and thirtie great Shippes to lie on the sea in awayte to encounter the Englishe fleete as the same should approch towards Britaine They began to fighte about euensong tyme and continued till that nighte parted them and had gone togither againe in the morning if by a tempest that rose about midnighte the same night they had not bin scattered in sunder Additions to Triuet Other write otherwise both of the landyng and also concerning the misfortune of the Lorde Spencer alledging letters sent from the Earle of Northampton whome the same authors repute as generall of that army into Britaine directed to the Kyng in whiche was signified howe that within the octaues of the assumption of our Lady they arriued on the coast of Britaine neere to the Towne and Castell of Brest in the whyche the Duchesse of Britaine with hir children were of the enimies besieged both by sea and lande by sea with thirteene greate galleys by lande by the Lorde Charles de Bloys the Earles of Sauoy and Foiz But the galleys perceyuing the Englishe fleete to bee approched vpon them ere they were aware so that they were compassed in to their great danger three of the same galleys fled and so escaped the residue got vp into a riuer of the same hauen where they that were aboorde left their vessels and fledde to the lande and as wel they as the other that held siege before Brest and suche as kept a Castell there not farre off called Goule Forrest packed away without any more ado The english marriners following the galleies that were withdrawen vp the riuer with theyr small boates and barges set fire on the same galleys and so brent them Thus all the EnglishmeÌ„ came a lande and leauing the Lorde Say Captain in the said Castel of Gouleforrest they passe forward into y e countrey comming to a Castel coÌ„monly called Monsieur Relix gaue an assault thereto where many of their men of warre were wouÌ„ded and sir Iames Louel slaine After this staying a time for y e coÌ„ming of their coÌ„federates whiche after a fortnightes space came to them on y e monday being the morrow after Michaelmas day they hearde that the Lorde Charles de Blois was comming in al hast with a power of three M. meÌ„ of armes twelue C. Genewayes a greate multitude of coÌ„mons to reyse the siege WherevpoÌ„ y e Erle of NorthamptoÌ„ with his army marched softly towards theÌ„ chosing a plot of ground conuenieÌ„t for his purpose fought with his enimie slew and tooke of them at y e least three hundred men of armes The Erle of Northampton lost not any noble man in this fight excepted onely the Lord Edwarde Spencer But nowe as touching the Earle of Richmont Froissart sayth y t he coÌ„ming to Hanibout after he had thus lost Vannes tooke the Sea and sailed into England but by reason of beeing tossed on the seas his wounds rancled so that shortly after his comming to London hee dyed and was buried in the Church of Saint Paule The King of Englande was sore displeased with hys deathe â—…he Kyng â—…eth ouer â—…o Brytayn and immediately after passed ouer hymselfe into Britaine with a greate army and landing there the nine and twentith of Nouember at the same place where the Earle of Richmont did land at his arriuall there not farre from VaÌ„nes â—…nnes beâ—…ed he went straight and besieged Vannes but perceyuing that it woulde not bee wonne but by long siege he left the Erle of Arundell and y e lord Stafford to continue the siege whilest he wente to Rennes to aide his people which still lay at the siege therof Before the kings arriual in Britain those y t were there vnder the Erle of Northampton â—…ditions to 〈◊〉 as the Lord Hugh Spencer the L. Richard Talbat with their retinewes foughte with the Frenchmen neere to Morleis where a few Englishmen vnneth fiue huÌ„dred discomfited a mighty power of Frenchmen 〈◊〉 army of â—…enchmen comfited a few Enâ—…shmen estemed to be aboue fiftie thousand of whome some they slewe some they tooke Among other was taken the L. Geffrey de Charny accompted for one of the best and sagest Knightes in Fraunce whome the Lorde Richard Talbot tooke and sent into Englande But nowe as touching the Kings doings wee finde that whilest hee remayned for this winter season in Britaine his people forreyed y e Countrey a four dayes iorney in length and two days iorney in bredth After his comming to Rennes hee stayed not past fiue dayes but leauing them whome he found there to continue the siege hee went himselfe to Nauntes where he had knowledge that the Lorde Charles de Blois was At his comming thither hee enuironed the Citie about with a strong siege Nauntes besieged and made many fierce assaultes to walles and gates but could not preuayle then leauing certaine of his Lords there to continue the siege hee raysed with the residue and went to Dinan whiche Towne with sore and fierce assaultes hee lastly wonne and after that drew againe towards Vannes for that he was enformed howe the Duke of Normandy was comming downe towards him with an army of fortie thousand men The King of England supposing he shoulde haue battell sente vnto those whiche lay at siege before Rennes commanding them to come from thence vnto him so that by this meanes all the powers both of the King of Englande and of the Duke of Normandie generall to his father the Frenche Kyng in those warres of Brytaine beeing assembled before Vannes hande foughten some great and bloudy battell as was supposed for the whole triall of the right of Britaine if the Cardinals of Cleremount and Preâ—…stâ—… as Legates from Pope Clement the sixth hadde not taken vp the matter by concluding a deale betwixte them for the tearme of three yeares Additions to Triuet Commissioners for the King of Englande Commissioners appoynted to treate with these Cardinals on the behalfe of the Kyng of Englande were these Henry of Lancaster Earle of Derby William Bohun Earle of Northampton William Mountagew Earle of Salisburie Raufe Lord Stafford Bartholmewe Lorde Burgherse Nicholas Lorde Cantelow Reginald Lorde Cobham Walter Lord of Manny Maurice Lord Berkeley and Master Iohn Vfford Archdeacon of Elie. Commissioners for the french king For the Frenche King Odo Duke of Burgoigne and Piers Duke of Burbon were deputed Commissioners and such diligence was vsed by the parties 1343 that finally they agreed vpon thys truce of three yeares A truce for three yeares with certayne articles for meane to conclude some final peace as that there should be sent from eyther Kyng some personages of their bloud and others vnto the Courte of Rome with sufficient authoritie to agree confirme and establishe vpon all
and Aunay but wanne little and so retourned agayne to the siege of Blaues When the moneth was expired that they of Angolesme shoulde yeelde the Earle sente hys two Marshals thither who receyued the homage and fealtie of the Citizens in the King of Englands name and so they were in peace and receiued againe their hostages At length when the Earle of Derby sawe that he did but lose his time in the besieging of Blaues whiche sir Guischart Daugle and Sir Guilliaume de Rochfort being Captains within did so valiantly defende that he could obteyne no aduantage of them hee reysed hys siege and returned vnto Burdeaux hauing furnished suche Townes as hee hadde wonne in that iourneye wyth conueniente garnisons of men to defende them agaynste the enimyes and to keepe frontier warre as they shoulde see cause Froyssart saith they were in huÌ„dred thousand Gio. Villani writeth that they were a sixe thousand horsemen and fiftie thousande footemen of Frenchmen Gascoignes Genewayes Lombardes The Frenche Kyng being sore moued at the conquests thus atchieued by the Earle of Derby raysed a mightie army and sent the same foorth vnder the leading of his sonne the Duke of Normandy into Gascoigne to resist the saide Earle and to recouer agayne those Townes which hee had wonne in those partes The Duke of NormaÌ„dy being come to Tholouz where his general assembly was appoynted set forwarde with his army and winning by the way MiremouÌ„t and Ville Franche in Agenois at length came to the Citie of Angolesme whych hee enuironed about with a strong siege continuing the same till finally the Captayne named Iohn Normell Annales de Burgoigne 1346 An. reg 20. required a truce to endure for one daye which was graunted and the same was the daye of the purification of our Ladye on the which the same Captayne with the souldiers of the garrison departed and lefte the Citie in the Citizens handes Angoulisme recouered by the FrenchmeÌ„ The Frenchmen bycause they had graunted the truce to endure for that day withoute exception permitted them to goe theyr wayes without lette or vexation The Citizens in the morning yeelded the Citie to the Duke After this Daâ—… Thâ—… he wanne the Castell of Daâ—…sen Thonins and Port S. Mary Thonius by surreÌ„der the other two by force of assaultes Then hee came to the strong Castell of Aiguillone which he besieged Aiguillon bâ—…ged and lay thereat a long season Within was the Earle of Pembroke the Lorde Walter de Manny Sir FraÌ„ke de 〈◊〉 and dyuers Knightes and Captaines which defended themselues and the place so stoutely that the Frenchmenne coulde winne little aduauntage at theyr handes Sir Godfrey de Harcourt being constreyned to flee out of France to auoyde the French kings displeasure came ouer vnto the king of England who receyued him right ioyfully for hee was knowne to bee a right valiaunt and a wise personage He was brother to the Earle of Harecourt Lorde of Saint Sauiour le Vicount and of dyuerse other townes in Normandie A little before that hee fell into the Frenche kings displeasure he might haue done wyth the king of France more than any other Lord within that Realme â—…tices About the same time he caused all the Iustices within his dominions to renounce and giue ouer all their Pencions fees and other vyding benefites or rewardes which they vsed to receiue of the Lordes and great men of the lande as well prelates as of them of the temporaltie to the end that their handes beeing free from gyftes Iustice might more freely haue course and bee of them duly and vprightly ministred Parliament Also this yeare in the lent season the King helde a Parliament at Westminster and toke into his handes all the profites â—…dinals reuenues and emoluments which the Cardinals helde within thys land for he thought it not reason that they which fauoured the Pope and Frenche king beeing hys aduersaries should enioy such coÌ„modities within his realme â—…roissard The king pasâ—…th ouer into Normandie After this in the Moneth of Iuly following he tooke shipping and sayled into Normandie hauing established the Lord Porcie and the Lord Neuile to be wardens of his realme in hâ—…s absence with the Archbishop of Yorke the Bishop of Lyncolne and the Bishop of Duresme 〈◊〉 Villani â—…yth there â—…ere 2500. â—…rsemen and 30000. footmeÌ„ and archers that passed ouer with the king But wheÌ„ he commeth to speake of the battail he seemeth to encrease the number The army which he had ouer with him was to the number of foure thousande men of armes and ten thousande archers beside Irish men and Welchmen that followed the host asoote The chiefest Captains that went ouer with him were these First his eldest sonne Edwarde Prince of Wales being as then about the age of .xiij. yeres the Earles of Hereford Northampton Arundel Cornwal Huntingdon Warwike Suffolk and Oxforde of Barons the Lorde Mortimer who was after Earle of Marche the Lordes Iohn Lewes and Roger Beauchamp also the Lords Cobham Mounbray Lucy Basset Barkcley Wyllonghbie with diuerse other Lordes besides a greate number of knightes and other worthie Captaynes They landed by the aduice of the Lorde Godfrey of Harecourt in the Isle of Constantine at the port of Hague Saint Wast nere to Saint Sauiour le Vicount The Earle of Huntingdon was appoynted to be gouernour of the fleet by Sea hauing with him a hundred men of armes and foure hundred archers After that the whole armie was landed the king appoynted two Marshals the Lord Godfrey of Hâ—…court and the Earle of Warwike and the Erle of Arundell was made Conestable There were ordeyned three battayles The ordering of the kings armie one to goe on his right hande following by the most of the Sea and another to March on his left hande vnder the conduct of the Marshals so that hee himselfe went in the middest with the maine armie and in this order forwarde they passed towardes Caen lodging euerie night togither in one fielde They that went by the Sea tooke all the shippes they founde in theyr way and as they marched forth thus Harflew what by water and lande at length they came to a towne called Harflewe whiche was giueÌ„ vp but yet neuerthelesse it was robbed and much goodes found in it Chierburg After this they came to Chierburg whiche towne they wanne by force robbed it and burnt part of it but the Castle they coulde not winne Then came they to Mountburge Mountburge and tooke it robbed it and burnt it cleane In this manner they passed foorth and burnt many townes and villages in all the Countrey as they went Carentine The towne of Carentine was deliuered vnto them agaynst the will of the souldiers that were within it The souldiers defended the Castel two dayâ—… and then yeelded it vppe into the English 〈◊〉 handes who burnt the same and caused the Bâ—…gesses to enter into theyr Shippes All
the whiche as Iacobus Meire hath three thousand were Atchers thoughe Froissart as I haue rehersed before reporteth the number of Archers to be more as in one place sixe thousande and in an other place foure thousande The number of the Frenche The Frenche kyng hauyng in his armie three score thousande fighting men wherof there were more than three thousande Knyghtes made so sure accompte of victorie as anye man mighte of a thyng not yet hadde consideryng his great puissaunce in regarde to the small number of his aduersaries and therefore immediately after that the Cardinall was departed hee caused hys battayles to marche forwarde and approchyng to the place where the Englishemen stoode readye to receyue their enimyes The battell is begâ—…nne caused the onsette to be gyuen There were certayne French horsmenne to the number of three hundred wyth the Almayns also on horsebacke appoynted to breake the arraye of the Englishe Archers but the Archers were so defended and compassed aboute with hedges and ditches that the horsemen of the Frenche parte coulde not enter to doe their feate and beeing galled wyth the sharpe shotte of the Englishe bowes The force of the English archers they were ouerthrowne horse and man so that the vawarde of the Frenchemenne wherein was the Duke of Athens with the Marshalles of Fraunce the Lorde Iohn de Cleremount and the Lorde Arnolde Dandrehen or Odenhem beganne to disorder wythin a whyle by reason of the shotte of the Archers together wyth the helpe of the men of armes amongst whome in the forefronte was the Lorde Iames Audeley The Lorde Iames Audely to perfourme a vowe which the had made to be one of the first setters on There was the Lorde Arnolde Dandrehen taken prysoner and the Lord Iohn de Cleremont slayne so that the noble prowes of the sayde Lorde Iames Audeley breaking through the Frenchmens battayle wyth the slaughter of manye enimies was that day most apparant Tho. VVals The Earles of VVarvvicke and Suffolke The loyall constancie of the Noble Earles of Warwyke and Suffolke that foughte so stoutly so earnestly and so fiercely was ryghte manyfeste and the Prince hymselfe dyd not only fulfyll the office of a noble chieftayne but also of a ryght valyant and experte souldioure attempting what so euer any other hardye warriour woulde in such cases haue done Neyther was thys battayle quickely dispatched nor easyly broughte to ende but it was foughte oute wyth suche obstinate earnestnesse that three tymes that daye were the Englyshemen dryuen to renewe the fyghte thorough the multitude of enimies that encreassed and came still vppon them Fynally the Marshalles battayle was quite discomfited for the Frenchemen and Almayns fell one vpon an other and could not passe forth and those that were behynde and coulde not get forewarde reculed backe and whilest the Marshalles battayle beyng on horsebacke thus assayled the English armie with great disaduantage and was in the ende beaten backe the two battayles of the Dukes of Normandie and Orleaunce came forwarde and lykewise assayled the Englishmenne but coulde not preuayle the Archers shotte so fiercelye that to conclude the Frenchemen behynd vnderstanding the discomfyture of the Marshalles battayle The Marshallâ—… battell put to the vvorse and howe theyr fellowes before coulde not enter vppon theyr enimies they opened and ranne to theyr horsses in whome they dydde put more truste for theyr safeguarde by galloppyng on them awaye than in theyr manlyke handes for all theyr late brauerye and greate boastes One thyng sore discouraged the Frenchemen and that was this besyde those Englishmenne that were within the closure of their campe there were certayn men of armes on horsebacke with a number of Archers also on horsebacke appointed to coast vnder the couerte of a Mountayne adioynyng to the place where they thought to stryke into a syde of the Duke of Normandies battayle so that wyth the terroure heereof and wyth the continuall shotte of the Englishe Archers The Frenchemen seeke to saue themselues by â—…ight Polidor the Frenchemenne not knowyng where to tourne themselues soughte to saue their lyues by flighte The Prince of Wales perceyuing how hys enimies for the more part of them were fleeyng away as men discomfited sent out his horsmen as well on the one hande as on the other and he hymselfe wyth hys whole power of footemen rushed foorth and manfully assayled the mayne battayle of the Frenchemenne where the King hymselfe was who lyke a valyant Prince wold not flee Froissart The valiancye of the Frenche king but fought ryghte manfully so that yf the fourthe parte of his men had done halfe their partes as he didde hys the victorie by lykelyhod had rested as Froissart sayeth on his syde but he was forsaken of his three sonnes and of hys brother the Duke of Orleaunce whych fledde out of the battayle wyth cleare handes Finally after huge slaughter made of those noble men and other whiche aboade with hym euen to the ende The Frenche king taken he was taken and so lykewyse was hys yongest sonne Philippe and bothe put in greate daunger to haue bin murthered after they were taken by the Englishmen and Gascoignes striuyng who should haue the kyng to his prisoner where in deede a knyght of Flaunders or rather Artoys Iames Mair Syr Denyse Morbecke borne in Saint Omers called Sir Denyse Morbecke tooke him but he was strayghte wayes taken from the same sir Denyse by oâ—… that came in the meane season Froissart There were slayne in this battayle of noble men the Dukes of Burbon and Athenes Noble and â—…ayne the Marshall Cleremount sir Geoffreyâ—… Chaâ—…ys that bare the chiefe standert of Fraunce the Bishop of Chaalons sir Eustace de Ridaumâ—… with diuers other to the number of an right hundred Lordes knyghts and Gentlemen of naâ—… Ia. Meâ—… In all there dyed of the Frenche parte â—…e thousande of one and other Polidor The 〈◊〉 The chase was continued euen to the gates of Poictiers and manye slayne and beaten downe in the streete before the gates whiche the Citizens hadde cloâ—… for doubt least the Englishemenne shoulde entre with them that fled thyther for safegard Thus was the Prince of Wales victor in that notable battayle foughte in the fieldes of Beauvoir and Malpertuse two leagues from Poictiers the nineteenth daye of September beyng Mondaye The battayle of Poictiers vvhen it vvas in the yeare a thousande three hundred fiftie and sixe it began in the morning and ended at noone But bycause the Englishemen were scattered abroade in chase of theyr enimyes the Princes banner was sette vp in a bushe to drawe all his menne togyther It was almoste nyght ere they were all retourned from the chase The Prince made a greate supper in his lodging that nyght to the Frenche Kyng The Prince suppeâ—… the prisoners and to the moste parte of his nobles that were taken prisoners and did all the honour that he coulde
The â—…ie setteth fâ—… and is beaâ—… backe by â—…pest meaning to haue intercepted the Spanish fleetâ—… that was gone to Sluse in Flaunders but thorough rage of tempest and contrary windes they were driuen home although twice they attempted their fortune But sir Hugh Caluceley depâ—…tie of Calice slept not his businesse doing still what displeasures he could to the Frenchmenne Shortly after Christmas Explâ—… done by Sir Hugh Caâ—…uerley he spoyled y e towne of Estaples the same daye the faire was kepte there to the which a great number of Mecchâ—…s of Bulleigne were come to make their markâ—… but the sellers had quicke vtterance for that that might easily be carried away the Englishmenne layde hands on and caused the owners to reâ—…e the residue with great summes of money which they vndertooke to pay or else sir Hugh threatned to haue brent all that was left togither with the houses Ye haue hearde how at the first the Duke of Lancaster was one of the chiefe about the yong King in gouernement of his person and Realm who prudently considering that sith there must needes be an alteration in the state and doubting least if any thing chaunced otherwise than well The Duke of Lancaster miâ—…taking the â—…ders of the 〈◊〉 getteth himself home to the Castell of Kelingworth the fault and blame might bee chiefly imputed to hym and thankes howsoeuer things wente he looked for none he gaue therefore the slip obteyning licence of the Kyng to departe and so gote hym home vnto his Castell of Kelingworth permitting other to haue the whole sway for before his departure from the Courte there were with his consent ordeyned such as should be attending on the Kings person and haue the rule and ordering of matters perteyning to the state as William Courtney then Bishop of London though shortly after remoued to the Archbyshoppes Sea of Caunterbury Edmond Mortimer Earle of Marche and diuers other of whome the people had conceiued a good opinion but yet bycause the Byshoppe of Salisbury and the Lorde Laâ—…ner were admitted amongst the residue the comâ—…s murmured greatly agaynst them The Earle of Northumberland resigned hys office of Lorde Marshall in whose place succeeded Sir Iohn Arundell brother to the Earle of Arundell The Duke of Lancaster although retired froÌ„ the Court yet desirous to haue the money in his handes that was graunted the last Parliamente at length obteyned it vpon promise to defend the Realme from inuasion of all enimies for one yeares space hee therefore prouided a greate naâ—… to goe to the Sea hyring nine Shippes of Bayone to assist his enterprise herein the whych in making sayle hitherwardes encountred with the Spanish fleete and tooke fourteene vessels laden with wines and other merchandise but in the meane time one Mercer a ScottishmaÌ„ with certayne saile of Scottes Frenchmen and Spaniardes came to Scarburgh and there tooke certayne Shippes and led them away to the Sea as it were in reuenge of his fathers emprisonment â—…ed Iohn Mercer who before beeyng caâ—… by certayne Shippes of the Northparts and deliuered to the Earle of Northumberland was committed to prison within the Castell of Scaâ—…brough Thus were the Englishmen occupyed in thys firste yeare of Kyng Richarde with troubles of warre and not onely against the Frenchmenne but also againste the Scottes for euen in the beginning of the same yeare the Scottes brente Rockesbourgh Rockesburgh brent by the Scottes in reuenge whereof the newe Earle of Northumberlande entred Scotlande with tenne thousande men and fore spoyled the landes of the Earle of Marche for the space of three dayes togither bycause the sayde Earle of Marche was the chiefe author of the brenning of Rockesburgh and so for that time the Englishmen were well reuenged of those enimies But at an other time when the Northren men woulde needes make a roade into Scotlande entring by the West bordures they were encountred by the Scottes and putte to flight so that many of theÌ„ being slayne the Scottes tooke the more courage to inuade the bordures till at length Edmonde Mortimer Earle of Marche came at the daye of truce and tooke an abstinence of warre betwixte both nations for the time though the same continued not long Andue after Midsomer An. reg â—â— The Duke of Lancaâ—… 〈…〉 the Duke of 〈◊〉 â—…er with a strong power tooke the Sea and â—…ding in Britaine besieged the Towne of 〈◊〉 Malâ—… de Liste a fortresse of greate 〈◊〉 There weÌ„t ouer with him y e Erles of Buckingham Warwike Stafforde and dyueâ—…s 〈◊〉 the Englishe nobilitie the whiche made â—…pproches and fiercely assayles the Towne 〈…〉 was so valiantly defended that in the ende the Duke with his army raysed from theâ—… and returned without atchieuing his purpose About the same time there was a notable and haynous murther committed within Sâ—…e Peters Churche at Westminster by decâ—… of variance betweene the Lorde Laâ—… and Sir Raufe Ferrers on the one partie Hall and â—…keâ—…ley hâ—…e Câ—…on and two Esquiers the one called Roberte Hall and the other Iohn Shakell on the other partie aboute a prisoner whiche was taken at the bastell of Nazers in Spayne called the Erle of Deane who as some write Polidore was taken by one sir Fâ—…e de Hall at the sayde battell and bycause hee remayned in his handes at the deathe of the sayde Sir Franke hee bequeathed him vnto his sonne the sayde Roberte Hall Esquier But as othir write the sayde Earle was taken by the sayde Roberte Hall hymselfe Tho. VVâ—… and Iohn Shakell ioyntly and iudged to bee theyr lawfull prisoner by the sentence of the Prince of Wales and Sir Iohn Shandos that was master to the said Esquiers wherevpon afterwards the said Earle obteyned so muche fauour that by leauing hys sonne and heire in guage for his raunsome he returned into Spayne to prouide for money to discharge it but he was so slow in that matter after he was at libertie that he departed this lift before he made anye paymente and so his lands fell to his sonne that remayned in guage for the money with the two Esquiers wherevpon happened afterwardes that the Duke of Lancaster desirous to haue the yong Earle in his hands in hope through hys meanes the better to accomplishe his enterprice whiche hee meant to take in hande agaynste the kyng of Cast ille for the right of that Kingdome procured hys nephew Kyng Richard to require the sayde Earle of Deane at the hands of the sayd Esquiers but they refused to deliuer him keeping their prisoner foorthe of the way so that none wist where hee was become the Esquiers therefore were committed to the Tower out of the whiche they escaped vnto Westminster and there registred themselues for sanctuarie men The Duke of Lancaster was heerewith sore offended and their enimies the sayde Lorde Latimer and Sir Raufe Ferrers tooke counsell togither with Sir Allene Boxhull and others howe they myghte bee reuenged of thys despite This sir Alane Boxhull was
subiectes that hee meante to steale ouer into Fraunce vnto the French King hauyng promised to deliuer vp into hys handes the Towne of Calais with the Castell of Guynes and all the fortresses whyche hys predecessors had possessed in those parties eyther by right from their auncestors or by warlike conquest but his iourney to Caunterbury was suddaynely stayed vppon knowledge had of the gathering togither of the Lords in Haringey Parke wherwith the Kyng beeyng sore amased called togyther such as he trusted to vnderstande what their opinion was of the matter and vnderstandyng that the purposed intention of the Lordes for whiche they were so assembled was to this ende as they pretended to bring hym vnto a better trade of life and more profitable order of gouernment hee was straighte striken with no small feare demaunding of them their aduice Counsell taken how to deale againste the Lordes what was best for hym to doe in suche troublesome state of things Some were of this minde that it shoulde bee best to seeke to appease the Lordes with faire promises assuring them that they should haue their desires Other thought it better to assemble the Kings friendes and ioyning them with the Londoners to goe foorth and trie the hazard of battayle with the Lordes Among them that were of thys mynde the Archbyshop of Yorke was the chiefest But other that were thought to vnderstande more of the worlde than he did iudged it not wisedome so to doe considering that if the Kyng lost the fielde then shoulde great harme and dishonor followe and if the victory fell to his syde yet could he gaine naughte but lose a great number of his subiectes Thys was in Nouember at what time the King vppon his returning from Caunterbury meante to haue holden a Parliamente but through those sturres neyther hys iourney to Caunterbury nor the Parliamente wente forwarde hee caused yet order to be giuen that no Citizen of London shoulde fell to the Duke of Gloucester the Earle of Arundell or anye other of the Lordes anye armour bowes arrowes or other munition or matter that myghte tende to the furniture of warre vpon a great payne But notwithstanding the Lordes went forwarde with their businesse The Lordes send messengers to the King and before they approched the Citie of London they sente to the Kyng the Archbyshop of Caunterburie the lord Iohn Louell the Lorde Cobham and the Lorde Iohn Deuerour requiring to haue deliuered vnto them suche as were aboute hym that were Traytors and seducers both of hym and the Realme that sought nothing else but to trouble both poore and riche and to sowe discorde and variance betwixte the Kyng and his Nobles And further they declared that theyr commyng was for the honor and wealthe both of the King and Realme But the Kyng beeyng ruled altogither by the Duke of IrelaÌ„d the Erle of Suffolke and two or three other was fully perswaded that the Lordes intended to bryng him vnder their gouernement and therefore hee was counselled to make the Frenche Kyng hys sure friend in all vrgent necessities and to be assured of him it was reported that those Eâ—…inâ—…ors aduised him to render vp into the Frenche Kynges handes the Towne of Caleis 〈◊〉 all that hee hadde else in possession on the further syde the Sea But howsoeuer this matter went troth it is that the Kyng sente for the Maior of London requiring to know of hym how many able men they thoughte the Citie coulde make A rashe answer of the Maior of London the Maior aunswered that hee thought verily the Citizens might make in time of neede fiftie thousand meÌ„ within an houres respit well sayd the King then I besiech you goe and prooue what will be done but when the Maior began to attempt the matter The LoÌ„doners refuse to fight agaynst the Lordes he was answered generally that they would neuer fight agaynst the Kyngs friendes and defendours of the Realme as indeede they tooke the Lordes to be but against the enimies of the king and Realme they woulde alwayes be ready to fyghte and shewe what resistaunce they were able This aunswere the Maior reported to the Kyng The same time there was about the Kyng the Lorde Raufe Basset who sayde thus to the King flatly and playnely Sir I haue bin and euer will bee youre true liege man and my body and goodes shall euer be at your graces commaÌ„dement The Earle of Northumberlands and the L. Bassets wordes to the K. in the behalfe of the lordes in all iustice and trueth But neuerthelesse heereof I assure you that if my happe bee to come into the field I will without fayle alwayes followe the true parte and it is not I that will aduenture to haue my head broken for the Duke of Irelandes pleasure Likewise the Earle of Northumberland being at that time in the Court spake these wordes to the K. Sir there is no doubt but these Lordes whiche nowe be in the field alwayes haue beene youre true and faithfull subiects and yet are not intending to attempte anye thing against youre state wealth and honor Neuerthelesse they feele themselues fore molested and disquieted by the wicked deuises of certaine persons about you that seeke to oppresse them and verily without fayle all your Realm is sore greeued therewith both great and small as well Lords as coÌ„mons and I see not the contrary but they mind to aduenture their liues with the Lords that are thus in armes specially in this case which they recon to be yours and your realmes and sir now ye bee in the chiefe place of your Realme and in y e place of your coronation order your selfe now therfore wisely and like a King send to them so come before your presence in some publique place where they maye declare vnto you the intente 〈…〉 â—…pose of theyr commyng 〈…〉 accompanyed 〈…〉 greate a number of people into these pâ—… 〈…〉 I beleeue it verily they will shewe suche 〈…〉 that you will holde them excused The Archbyshoppe of Caunterbury and the Lord â—…cessor Byshoppe of Elie and other of the â—…shoppes also there presente affirmed the 〈◊〉 aduice to bee good 〈…〉 and the Kyng 〈◊〉 wisely the case as it stoode beganne to bee â—…sed and accorded to follow theyr aduice 〈◊〉 the Archebyshop of Caunterbury and the â—…shoppe of Elie to aduertise them of his 〈◊〉 whiche was that hee willed them to câ—… 〈◊〉 hym to Westminster on Sonday then 〈◊〉 following and so they repayring to the 〈◊〉 made reporte to them of the Kyngs myâ—… 〈◊〉 purpose But the Duke of Gloucestâ—… 〈…〉 and â—…ther Lordes were so fully â—…ente in theyr 〈◊〉 on that they swore all whole togither 〈◊〉 woulde neuer giue ouer their enterprise to 〈◊〉 as they hadde a penny to spende in 〈◊〉 â—…naunce of theyr cause and if it chanced 〈…〉 them to departe thys lyfe the ouerlyuers 〈…〉 persist therein vntill the time that they 〈◊〉 broughte theyr purpose to some good effect 〈◊〉
scrupulositie as if they might not with safe consciences bee presente where iudgement of bloud shoulde passe they appoynted a laye man to be their prolocutor to serue that turn To conclude at length all maner of Charters of pardon were made voyde The charters of pardon granâ—…ted to the leads â—…de voide by Pâ—…ent for that the same seemed to impeach the suretie of the Kings person When sir Iohn Bushy and his associats had obteined that reuocation it was further by them declared that the Erle of Arundel had yet a other speciall charter of pardon for his owne person which he had obteined after the first And therfore sir Io. Bushy earnestly requisted in inâ—…re of the Communaltie that the same might likewyse be reuoked The question then was asked of the bishops who declared themselues to be of the lyke opinion touching that Charter as they were of the other At that selfe tyme tâ—…e Archbishop of Canterbury absented himselfe from the Parliament Tho. VVals in hope that the king woulde be his friende and stande his verie good Lorde for that he had promised nothing should be done against 〈◊〉 the parliament whilest he was absent but neuerthelesse The archbishop of Canterbury condempned to perpetuall banishment .vi. dayes hath Grafton at the importunate suite of the sayd sir Iohn Bushy and others the Archbishop was condemned vnto perpetuall exile and apoynted to auoyd the realme within six weekes And therwith the king sente secretly to the Pope for order that the Archebishoppe might be remoued from his sea to some other whiche suite was obteyned and Roger Walden Lorde Treasoner was ordeyned Archbishop in his place as after shal appeare The Earle of Arundell areigreigned On the frast day of Saint Matthewe Rich. Fitz Aâ—…leyn Earle of Arundel was broughte foorthe to swere before the king and whole Parliamente to suche Articles as he was to be charged with And as he stoode at the barre The Duke of Lancaster highe Stevvarde of England at this arreinement the Lorde Neuill was commaunded by the Duke of Lancaster which sate that day as high steward of Englande to take the hoode from his necke and the gyrdle from his waste Then the Duke of Lancaster declared vnto him that for his manyfolde rebellions and treasons against the kings maiestie he hadde bin arrested and hytherto kepte in warde and nowe at the petition of the Lordes and commons he was called to aunswere suche crimes as were there to be obiected agaynst him and so to purge himselfe or else to suffer for his offences suche punishement as lawe appointed Fyrst he charged him for that he had trayterously ridde in armour against the king in companye of the duke of Gloucester and of the Erle of Warwike to the breache of peace and disquieting of the realme His answere herevnto was The Earle of Arundell his aunsvveres to the pointes of his indirement that he didde not this vpon any euill meaning towardes the kings persone but rather for the benefite of the King and realme if it were interpreted aright and taken as it ought to be It was further demaunded of hym why hee procured letters of pardon from the kyng if he knewe hymselfe giltlesse He aunswered that he did not purchase them for any feare he hadde of faultes by him committed but to staye the malicious speache of them that neyther loued the K. nor hym He was agayne asked whether he would denye that he made any such roade with the persones before named and that in companye of them he entred not armed vnto the kings presence against the kings will and pleasure â–ª To this he answered that he coulde not deny it but that he so did Then the speaker sir Iohn Bushy with open mouth besought that iudgemeÌ„t might be had against such a traitour and your faithful coÌ„mons said he to the K. aske and require that so it may be don The Erle turning his head aside quietly said to him not the kings faithfull coÌ„moÌ„s require this but thou and what thou art I knowe Then the eight appellants standing on the other side cast their gloues to him and in prosecuting their appeale which already had bin red offred to fyght with him man to man to iustifye the same Then sayde the Earle if I were at libertie and that it myght so stande with the pleasure of my Soueraigne I woulde not refuse to proue you all lyers in this behalfe Then spake the duke of Lancaster saying to him What haue you further to say to the pointes before layde against you He answered that of the Kings grace he hadde his letters generall pardon which he required to haue allowed Then the duke told him that the pardon was reuoked by the Prelates and noble men in the parliamente and therefore willed hym to make some other answere The Erle tolde him agayn that he had an other pardon vnder y e kings great seale graunted him long after of the kings owne motion whiche also hee required to be allowed The Duke tolde hym that the same was lykewyse reuoked The Earle of Arundell condemned After this when the Earle had nothing more to saye for himselfe the duke pronounced iudgement against him as in cases of treason is vsed But after he had made an ende and paused a little he sayd The king oure soueraigne Lorde of his mercie and grace bicause thou art of hys bloud and one of the peeres of the realme hath remitted all the other paines sauing the last that is to wit the beheadyng and so thou shalt onely lose thy head and forthwith he was had away and ledde through London vnto the tower hill There went with him to see the execution don vj. great lords of whom there were three Erles Notingham that had maried his daughter KeÌ„t that was his daughters son and Huntington being mounted on greate horsses with a greate companie of armed men the fierce bands of the Cheshire meÌ„ furnished w t axes swerdes bowes arrowes marching before behynde him who only in this parliament had licence to bear weapon as some haue written When he should depart the palaice he desired that his handes might be lewsed to dispose suche money as he had in his purse betwixte that place and Charingcrosse This was permitted and so he gaue suche money as he had in almes with his owne handes but his armes were still bound behynde hym When he came to the Tower hill she 〈◊〉 men that were about him moued him right â—…nestly to acknowledge his treason agaynste the king But heâ—…re no wise wold so doe but mayâ—…teyned that he was neuer traytour to worde in deede and heerewith perceyuing the Earles of Notingham and Kent that stood by with other noble men busy to further the execution being as ye haue heard of kin and alyed to him he spâ—…ke to them and sayd Truly it woulde haue beseemed you rather to haue bin absente than heere at this businesse But the tyme will
returned agayne to Boys de Vincennes and beeing there receiued of the King and Queene of Fraunce and of the Queene his wife the thirtith day of May being Whitson euen they remoued altogither vnto Paris where the King of England lodged in the Castell of Loure and the Frenche King in the house of Saint Paule These two kings kept great estate with their Queenes The royall port of the K. of Englande at this high feast of Pentecost but the King of Englandes Court greatly exceeded so that al the resort was thither The ParisieÌ„s that beheld his princely port and high magnificence iudged him rather an Emperour than a Kyng and their owne King to be in respect to him like a Duke or a Marques The Dolphin hauyng knowledge by espials where the King of England and his power lay came with all his puissance ouer the riuer of Loyre and besieged Cosney Cosney besieged by the Dolphyn a towne scituate vpon that riuer a sixe score miles distant from Paris and appointed parte of his army to wast and destroy the confynes of the Duchie of Burgoigne to the inteÌ„t to deuide the power of the Kyng of Englande from the strength of the Duke of Burgoigne supposing as it came to passe indeede that the Duke would make hast towardes Burgoigne to defende hys owne lands In the meane time they within Cosney were so hard handled that they promised to render their towne to the Dolphin if they were not rescued by the King of EnglaÌ„d within tenne dayes King HeÌ„ry hearing these newes woulde not send any one creature but determined to goe himselfe to the reysing of that siege and so with all deligence came to the Towne of Corbeil and so to Senlis where The king falleth sicke whithout were with heate of the ayre or that he wish hys daily labour were â—…obled or weakened he began to ware sicke yea and so sicke that hee was constreyned to tarrie send his brother the Duke of Bedford to rescue them of Cosney which he did Cosney rescued by the duke of Bedford to his high honor for the Dolphin hearing that the Duke of Bedford was comming to reise his siege departed thence into Berrie to his greate dishonor and lesse gaine Aboute the same time the Duke of Britaine sent his Chancellor y e Bishop of Mauntes Titus Lâ—… The Duke of Britayne seadeth ambassadors to the K. of England with the Bishop of Vannes and others of his counsell as Ambassadors from him vnto K. Henrye with full commission to ratifie and allowe for him and his people the peace coÌ„cluded at Troyes but by reason of the Kings greeuous sicknes nothing as then was done in that matter Neuerthelesse the Duke himselfe in person came afterwardes to Amiens and there performed that which he had appoynted his Ambassadors at this time in his name to haue done and accomplished In the meane season The king of Englande is brought sickâ—… to Boys de Vincennes King Henrye waxed sicker and sicker and so in an horselitter was coÌ„ueyed to Boys de Vincennes to whome shortly after repared the Dukes of Bedforde Gloucester and the Earles of Salisburie and Warwike whome the King louingly welcomed and shewed himselfe right glad of their presence and when he saw theÌ„ pensiue for his sicknesse great danger of life wherin he presently laye His aduice vpon his death bedde he with many graue curteous pithie words recomforted them the best he could and therwith exhorted them to be trustie and faithfull vnto his son and to see that he might be wel and vertuously brought vp and as coÌ„cerning the rule and gouernaÌ„ce of his realmes during the minoritie yong yeares of his said sonne he willed them to ioyne together in frendly loue and concorde keping continuall peace and amitie with the duke of Burgoigne and neuer to make treatie with Charles that calleth himselfe Dolphyn of Vyenne by the whyche any part eyther of the crown of France or of the Duchies of Normandie and Guyenne may be lessened or dimynished and further that the Duke of Orleauns and the other Princes shoulde styll remayne Prisoners tyll hys sonne came to lawfull age least retournyng home againe they myght kindle more fyre in one day than myght be quenched in three He further aduiseth theÌ„ that if they thought it necessarye that it shoulde be good to haue his brother Humfrey duke of Glocester to be protector of Englande during the nonage of his sonne and his brother the duke of Bedford with the helpe of the duke of Burgongne to rule and to be regent of France commaunding him with fire and sword to persecute the Dolphyn til he had either brought him to reason and obeysance or else to driue and expell hym out of the realme of Fraunce And herewith he protested vnto them Titus Liuius that neyther the ambitious desyre to enlarge his dominions neyther to purchase vayne renowne and worldlye fame nor any other consideration hadde moued him to take the warres in hande but onely that in prosecuting his iust title he might in the end atteyn to a perfect peace and come to enioy those peeces of his inheritance whiche to him of right belonged and that before the beginning of the same warres he was fully perswaded by menne bothe wyse and of greate holynesse of lyfe that vppon suche intent he myghte and ought bothe beginne the same warres and follow them til he had brought them to an end iustly and rightly and that without all daunger of Gods displeasure or perill of soule The noble men present promised to obserue his preceptes and to perfourme his desires but their hearts were so pensife and replenished with sorow that one could not for weping behold an other Then he sayd the .vij. psalmes and receyued the sacrament and in saying the Psalmes of the Passion â—…e departed 〈◊〉 life ended his dayes here in this world the last of August in the yere a thousand foure hundred twentie and two The câ—…mendâ—… of kyng Henry the fifte 〈◊〉 expressed by â—…er Hall This Henry was a king whose lyfe was immaculate and his liuing without spotte Thys king was a Prince whome all men loued and of none disdayned This Prince was a captain against whome fortune neuer frowned nor mischance once spurned This captain was a shepheard whom his flocke both loued and obeyed This shephearde was suche a Iusticiarie that lefte no offence vnpunished nor frendship vnrewarded Thys Iusticiarie was so feared that all rebellion was banished and sedition suppressed Hys vertues were no more notable than his qualities were worthie of praise for in strengthe and nimblenesse of bodie from his youthe fewe were to hym comparable for in wrastling leaping and running no maÌ„ almost durst with him presume in casting of great iron barres and heauie stones he excelled commonly all menne No colde made him slouthfull nor heat caused him to shrinke and when he moste laboured his head was vncouered He
enimies whereas he aduenturing so farre from his companie to kill and slea his aduersaryes The Earle of Warwicke slaine that hee coulde not bee reskued was amongest the preasse of his enimyes striken downe and slaine The Marques Montacute thinking to succour his brother The Marques Montacute slayne was likewise ouerthrowne and slain with many other of good calling as knights and Esquiers beside other Gentlemen Some write that this battaile was so driuen to the vttermost point that king Edward himselfe was constrained to fight in his own person and that the Erle of Warwike which was wont euer to ride on horsbacke from place to place and from ranke to ranke comforting his men was now aduised by y e Marques his brother to leaue his horse and to trie the extremitie by hand strokes The number slaine at Berâ—…ld On both parties were slaine as Hall hath ten thousande at the least where Fabian sayth but .xv. C. and somewhat aboue Other wryte that there dyed in all about three thousand Vpon the kings part were slaine the Lorde Crumwell the Lord Say the Lorde Montioys sonne and heyre sir Humfrey Bourchier sonne to the L. Berners diuerse other knights esquiers and gentlemen The battaile dured the space of three houres very doubtfull by reason of the mist in skirmishing and fighting now in this place now in that but finally the victorie fell on the Kings side and yet it could not bee esteemed that his whole armie passed nine thousande fighting men as some wryte where his aduersaryes as by the same wryters appeareth were farre aboue that number But bycause those that so wryte seeme altogyther to fauour King Edwarde we may beleue as we list The Duke of Somerset and the Earle of Oxforde fledde in companie of certaine Northren menne whiche hadde beene at the battayle The Duke of Sommerset the Erle of Oxford and as some wryte the Earle of Oxford kepte forth wyth them and retyred after into Scotlande but yet as well the Duke of Somerset as the sayd Erle of Oxforde in fleeing towarde Scotlande â—…hal changed their purpose vpon the way and turned into Wales to Iasper Earle of Pembroke The Duke of Exceter being stryken downe and sore wounded The Duke of Exceter was left for deade in the field amongst other the dead bodies bycause hee was not knowne and by reason thereof comming to himselfe got vp and in greate daunger escaped vnto Westminster and there tooke Sanctuarie â—…d King Edwarde hauing got this victorie refreshing himselfe and his people a while at Bernet returned the same day vnto London lyke a tryumphaunt Conquerour â—…ading wyth hym King Henrie as a captiue prisoner and somâ—…king a solemne entrie at the church of S. Paule offred his standeâ—… The deade bodyes of the Earle and Marques were brought to London in a Coffâ—… and before they were buryed in by the sâ—… of three dayes lay open vysaged in the Cathedral church of Saint Paule to the inteâ—… that all menne might easily receyue that they â—…rydedly were deade The common brayde raunce that the King was not so ioyous of the Earles death as sorrowfull for the losse of the Marques â–ª whom hee full well knewe and no lesse was it euident to other to be his faythfull friende and well wyller for whose onely sake hee caused both theyr bodies to bee buried wyth theyr auncesters at the Priorie of Bissam On the Tuesday in Easter Weeke came knowledge to King Edwarde that Queene Margaret the wyfe of King Henrie Queene Margaret landeth with a power out of France wyth hir sonne Prince Edwarde was landed vpon Easter day at Weymouth in Dorcetshire accompanyed with Iohn Longscrother Priour of Sainte Iohns commonly called Lorde Treasorer of Englande who went ouer into Fraunce to fetche them Also the Lorde Wenlocke a man made onely by king Edwarde besyde dyuerse other Knightes and Esquires of whome part had beene long foorth of the Realme and part newly gone ouer thyther to them in companie of the Lorde Treasorer They tooke theyr Shippes at Hunflue the xxiiij of Marche as before you haue heard but through contrarie wyndes and tempestes they were driuen backe and constrayned to abide for conuenient winde whiche although it came sometyme about fitte for theyr purpose it continued not long in that ende so as if therevppon they tooke the Sea at any tyme they were forced to returne backe againe to land ere they could passe halfe the way ouer and thus being diuerse tymes vnder sayâ—…e in hope to passe the Seas hyther into Englande they were styll driuen backe againe till the thirtenth of Aprill beeing Easter euen on which day the winde comming fauourably about they tooke the Seas and sayled forward towards this land The CouÌ„tesse of Warwike hauing a ship of aduauntage arriued before the other at Portesmouth from thence she went to SouthaÌ„pton meaning to haue gone to Weymouth where she vnderstood that y e Queene was landed but here had she knowledge of the losse of Bernet field that hir husband was there slain Wherevpon shee went no further towardes the Q. but secretely gotte hirouer the water into the newe Forrest The countesse of Warwik taketh Sanctuary and tooke Sanctuarie within the Abbay of Beaulieu Queene Margaret hir sonne Prince Edward with the other that landed at Weymouth The Duke of Sommerset the erle of Deuonshire coÌ„fort Queene Margaret 〈◊〉 from thence to an Abbey neare by called 〈◊〉 Thither came vnto them Edmond duke of Somerset and Thomas Courtney Earle of Dâ—…shiâ—… with other and welcomed theÌ„ into England coÌ„forting the Queene in the best maner they â—…ulde and willed hir not to despayre of good successe for albeit they had lost one fielde whereof the Queene had knowledge the same daye beeing Monday in Easter Weeke the fiftenth of Apryll and was therefore ryght sorrowfull yet they doubted not but to assemble suche a puyssance and that very shortly forth of diuerse partes of the Realme as beeing faythfull and wholy bent to spende theyr lyues and shed the best bloud in theyr bodyes for hir sake and hir sonnes it shoulde be harde for King Edwarde to resist them with all the power hee had or coulde make Hall The presence of these noble men greatly comfort 〈◊〉 hir and relieued hir of the sorrowes that in maner ouerwhelmed hir pensiue hearte for shee doubted sore the ende of all these proceedings the which they concluded vpon to follow for the aduancement of hir and hirs specially it misgaue hir The seatâ—… whiche Queene Margaret had for lâ—… sonuâ—… that some euill shoulde chaunce to hir sonne prince Edward for she greatly weyed not of hir owne perill as she hirself confessed therefore she would gladly haue had them either to haue deferred the battell till a more conuenient time or else that hir son might haue bene conueyed ouer into France againe there to haue remayned in safetie till the chance of the next battell
handes and possession The Duâ—… after hee hadde hearde thâ—… that were sente made thys aunswere that hee could not with his â—…t deliuer them to whom hee hadde gyâ—… his 〈◊〉 to â—…ee them preserued from all iniurie but this hee â—…aide he woulde do for the King of Englande that they shoulde bee so looâ—… vnto as he needed â—…ot to doubt of anye attempt to bee made againâ—… hym by them or by theyr meanes The Kyng receyuyng this aunswere wrote â—…ingly to the Duke of Britaine that hee woulde consider his friendeshippe wyth conuenient rewardes if it shoulde please him to bee as good as hys promisse The Duke perceiuyng game commyng by the abode of the twoo English earles in his country caused them to be seperated in sunder and all their seruaunts being Englishmen to be sequestred froÌ„ them in their places appointed Britons to attend them In the thirteenthe yeare of his raigne King Edwarde called his highe courte of Parliament at his Pallaice of Westminster 1473 An. reg 13. in the whiche all lawes and ordinaunces made by hym before that day were confirmed A Parliament and those that King Henry had abrogated after his readeption of the Crowne were againe reuiued Also lawes were made for the confiscation of traytors goodes and for the restoring of them that were for his sake fled the realme whiche of his aduersaries hadde ben attaynted of high treason and condemned to dye â–ª Moreouer towards his charges of late susteyned a competent summe of money was demaunded and freely graunted A Subsidie There was also a pardon granted almost for all offences and all men then being within the Realme A pardon were released and discharged of all high treasons crimes although they had taken part with his aduersaries against him In this season the D. of Burgongne had sore warres with the French K. to be the more spedily reueÌ„ged on his aduersarie Ambassadours from the duke of Burgongne he sent Ambassadors into Englande to perswade kyng Edward to make war also on the French Kyng for the recouerie of his auncient right in the Realme of Fraunce by the same Frenche Kyng agaynste all equitie withholden and deteyned King Edward not so much for y e louâ—…he hare to the duke of Burgongne as for desire to be reuenged on the Frenche king whome he tooke to be his enimie for ayding the Earle of Warwike Queene Margaret and hir sonne Prince Edwarde and their compliâ—…es gaue good eare to the duke of Burgongne his messengers and finally after he had taken aduice of his counsell the said Messengeres were answered that K. Edwarde in the beginning of the next yeare would land at Caleys with a puissaunt armie both to reuenge suche iniuries as hee had receiued at the Frenche kings handes Oportunitie not to bee neglected and also to recouer his right whiche he wrongfully deteyned from him In deed the tyme serued verie well for y e EnglishmeÌ„ to atchieue som high enterprise in FraÌ„ce at that present for not onely the Duke of Burgongne as then made warre against the French K. but also many great men within the realm of France The Earle of Sainct Pol. mislyking the maners of their king began to haue secret intelligeÌ„ce with the said duke and namely Lewes of Lutzenburgh earle of S. Paule Conestable of France was secretly confederate with the duke of Burgongne intendyng verily to bring the French kyng to some greate hinderance the better to haue his purpose accomplished in certain weightie matters King Edward vnderstanding all these thinges was greatly encoraged to make a iorney into France therevpon with all diligence prepared all things ready for the same and bicause he wanted money and coulde not well charge hys coÌ„mons with a newe subsidie for that he had receyued the last yeare great sums of money granted to him by Parliament A shift to recouer money he deuised this shift to call afore him a great number of the wealthyest sort of people of his realme and to them declaring his neede and the requisite causes therof he demaunded of euerye of them some portion of money which they sticked not to giue and therfore the K willing to shew y t this their liberalitie was very acceptable to him he called this grant of money a Beneuolence notwithstanding that many with grudge gaue great summes toward that newe found ayde which of them might bee called a Maleuolence but the K. vsed suche gentle fashions toward them with frendly prayer of their assistance in his necessitie that they coulde not other wyse doe but frankely and freelye yeelde and giue hym a reasonable and competent summe 1474 An. reg .14 When all things conuenient for suche an enterprise were in a redinesse the king came to Douer where he founde .v. C. shippes and dayes readie to transpore hym and his armie The king 〈◊〉 an army 〈◊〉 ouer into Fraunce And so the fourth day of Iuly he passed ones and laâ—…deâ—… at Caleys with great triumph but his armie horses and munitions of warre scared passed ouer in 〈◊〉 dayes In thys Armye beeing one of the hoste appoynted that had passed oute of Englande into Fraunce in many yeares before were fifteene hundred men of armes well horses of the which the most parte were harded and riches â—…pped and many of them trimmed in one â—…te There were also .xv. M. Archers with bowes and arrows of the which a great number weâ—… on horsbacke there were also a great companie of other fighting men and of suche as serued to sâ—…e vp Tentes and pauilions to attende the artillerye and to enclose their campe and otherwise to laboure and to bee employed in seruice In all this armye was there not one Page The King of Englande was at his arriuall highly displeased wyth the Duke of Burgongne whiche in the worde of a Prince hadde promissed to meete hym at hys landyng wyth twoo thousande men of armes and lyghte horsemenne â—…de a great number of Launsquenetz and Halberdices and that hee woulde haue begonne the warre three monethes before the Kings transporting whereas contrarily The siege of Nusse the duke lay lingeryng at the siege of Nusse and let passe the occasion of atchieuing a more profitable enterprise Kyng Edward incontinently dispatched the Lord Scales in poste vnto the Duke The Lorde Scales to put hym in remembraunce of his promise and to aduise him to come and ioyn wyth hym before the Sommer were spente Before King Edwarde departed from Dâ—…uer A defyaunce sent to the Frenche King hee sente an officer of armes vnto the french King wyth a defyaunce The Frenche Kyng receyuyng the King of Englandes letters at the messengers hande redde the same and after he hadde considered thereof at leasure hee called the Englishe Harrault aside and to hym declared the little truste that was to bee putte in the Duke of Burgongne and the Conestable by whose procurement hee knewe that King Edwarde was procured to
other longing to the protector with some prentises and laddes that thrust into the hall among the prease beganne sodainly at mennes backes to crie out as lowde as theyr throtes woulde giue King Richard King Richarde and threw vp their cappes in token of ioy And they that stood before cast backe their heads maruelling thereof but nothing they sayde And when the Duke and the Maior saw this maner they wisely turned it to theyr purpose 〈…〉 〈…〉 The Maiors comming to Baynards Castell 〈…〉 what they ment And therevpon the Duke of Buckingham first made huÌ„ble petition vnto him on the behalfe of them all that his grace woulde pardon them and licence them to purpose vnto his grace the intent of their comming without his displeasure without which pardon obteined they must not be holde to moue him of that matter In which albeit they ment as much honour to his grace as wealth to all the realme beside yet were they not sure howe his grace woulde take it whome they woulde in no wyse offende Then the Protectour as he was verie gentle of himselfe and also longed sore to witte what they ment gaue him leaue to purpose what him lyked verily trusting for the good minde that he bare them all none of them any thing woulde intend vnto himwarde wherewith he ought to be grieued When the Duke had this leane and pardon to speake then waxed hee holde to shew him their intent and purpose with all the causes mouing them therevnto as ye before haue heard and finally to beseech his grace that it wold like him of his accustomed goodnesse and zeale vnto the Realme now with his eye of pitie to behold the long continued distresse and decaye of the same and to set his gracious handes to redresse and amendment therof by taking vpon him the crown and gouernaunce of thys Realme accordyng to hys right and tytle lawfully descended vnto him and to the lande of God profite of the lande and vnto his grace so muche the more honour and lesse paine in that that neuer Prince reigned vpon any people that were so glad to liue vnder his obeysaunce as the people of thys Realme vnder his When the Protector had heard the proposition he looked verie straungely thereat and answered that all were it that he partly knew the things by them alledged to be true yet suche entire loue hee bare vnto king Edward and his children that so much more regarded his honor in other realmes about than the crowne of any one of whiche hee was neuer desirous that he could not finde in his hart in this point to encline to thier desire For in all other Nations where the truth were not well knowne it shoulde peraduenture be thought that it were his owne ambicious minde and deuise to depose the Prince and take himselfe the Crowne with which infamie hee woulde not haue his honour stayned for any crowne in which he had euer perceyued much more labor and paine than pleasure to him that so would so vse it as he that would not were not worthie to haue it Notwithstanding he not onely pardoned theÌ„ the motion that they made him but also thanked them for the loue and heartie fauour they bare hym praying them for hys sake to giue and beare the same to the Prince vnder whome hee was and woulde be content to liue and with his labor and counsayle as farre as shoulde lyke the King to vse him he woulde doe his vttermost deuoyr to set the realme in good state whiche was alreadie in this little while of his Protectorship the praise giuen to God well begonne in that the malice of such as were before occasion of the contrarie and of new intended to be were now partly by good policie partly more by Gods speciall prouidence than mans prouision repressed Vpon this â—…re gâ—…n the Dâ—… 〈◊〉 Protectours â—…eenes a â—…e 〈◊〉 aswell 〈◊〉 other noble men aboute 〈◊〉 as with the 〈◊〉 and Reâ—… of London And after that vpâ—… like pardon desired and oâ—…yned he shewed aloud vnto the Protector that for a finall concluâ—… y e the realm was appointed k. Edwards line shâ—… not any longer raigne vpoÌ„ theÌ„ both for that they had so farre gone that it was nowe as â—…ye to retreate as for that they thougâ—… it for the weale vniuersall to take that way although they had not yet begon it Wherefore if it woulde like his grace to â—…lle the Crowne vpon him they woulde huâ—…y beseech him therevnto If he woulde giue them a resolute aunswere to the contrarie whiche they woulde be lothe to heare then muste they needes seeke and should not fayle to find some other noble man that would These wordes much mooued the Protector whiche else as euerie man may wit woulde neuer of likelyhoode haue enclyned therevnto But when hee sawe there was none other waye but that eyther hee muste take it or â—…e hee and hys both gâ—… from it he sayde vnto the Lordes and Commons Sith we perceyue well that all the Realme is so set whereof we bee very sorie that they was not suffer in any wise King Edwards line to gouerne them whome no man earthlye can gouerne agaynst theyr willes and we well also perceyue that no man is there to whome the Crowne can by iust tytle apperteyne as to our selfe as verie right heyre lawfully begotten of the bodie of our moste deare father Rycharde late Duke of Yorke to whiche tytle is now ioyned your election the Nobles and Commons of thys Realme whiche we of all tytles possible take for moste effectuall We be content and agree fauourablye to encline to your petition and request and according to the same The proâ—… taketh vpâ—… him to be king here we take vpon vs the royall estate preâ—…minence and kingdome of the two noble Realmes Englande and Fraunce the tone fro this daye forwarde by vs and our heyres to rule gouerne and defende the tother by Gods grace and your good helpe to get againe and subdue and establishe for euer in due obedience vnto thys Realme of Englande the aduauncement whereof wee neuer aske of God longer to liue than we intend to procure With this there was a greate shoute crying King Rycharde King Richarde And then the Lordes went vp to the King for so was he from that tyme called and the people departed talking dyuerselye of the matter euery man as hys fantasie gaue hym But much they talked and marueyled of the maner of this dealing that the matter was on both partes made so straunge as thoughe neyther had euer communed with other thereof before when that them selfe wyâ—… there was no manne so dull that hâ—…de them bin hee perceyued well ynough that all the matter was made betwene them Howbeit some exâ—…d that agayne and sayde all muste be owne at good order though And men muste sometyme for the manners sake not be a known what they know For at the consecration of a Bishop euery man â—…teth well by the paying
and aboue the harth with the fiftie pencioners with their battaile axes and so the King broughts hir vp to hir priuie chamber where hee lefte hir for that time Assoone as the K. and she were enâ—…red the Court was shot off froÌ„ the Tower of Grenewich and there about a great peale of artillerie When the Kinges companye and hirs were once come within the Parke as before yee haue heard then all the Horsemen on Blacke heathe brake their aray and hadde licence to depart to London or otherwhere to their lodgings The mariage 〈◊〉 solemnised betwixte King â—…y and the Lady Anne of Câ—…e On the Tewsday following being the daye of the Epiphany the mariage was solemnised betwixt the K. and the said Lady She was fetched from hir chamber by the Lords so that shee going betweene the Earle of Ouersteyne and the graund master Hosconder which had the coÌ„duit and order to see the mariage performed she passed through the Kings chamber al the Lords before hir til she came into the galerie where the K. was ready staying for hir to whome shee made three low obeisances and courtesies Then the Archb. of Canterbury receiued theÌ„ and maried them togither and the Earle of Ouersteine did giue hir When the mariage was celebrate they went hande in hande into the kings closet and there hearing Masse offered their tapers and after Masse was ended they had wine and spices And that done the K. departed to his chamber and al y e Ladyes waited on hir to hir chamber the D. of Norffolke goyng on hir rights hande and the D. of Suffolke on hir left hande After nine of the clocke the K. hauing shifted his apparell came to his closet and shee likewise in hir heare and in y e same apparell she was maried in came to hir closet with hir Sergeant at armes and all hir officers before hir like a Q. and so the K. and she went openly in procession and offered and dined togither After they hadde supped togither there were bankers and Maskes and diuers disportes shewed till time came that it pleased the King and hir to take rest On the Sunday after Iustes were kept solemne Iustes which greatly contented the strangers This daye shee was apparelled after the English manner with a french head which became hir exceedyng well When the Erle of Ouersseine and the other Lordes and Ladyes whiche had giuen their attendance on hir grace all that iourney had beâ—…e highly feasted and enterteyned of the K. and other of the nobles they tooke leaue and had great giftes giuen to them both in money and plate and so returned towarde their countrey leauyng behind them the Earle of Waldecke and dyuers Gentlemen and damosels to remaine with hir til she were better acquainted in the realme The fourth of February the King and she remoued to Westminster by water on whom the L. Maior and his breethren and twelue of the chiefe companies of the Citie al in Barges gorgeously garnished with baners penons and targets richly couered and furnished with instruments sweetely sounding gaue their attendaÌ„ce and by the way all the shippes shot off and likewise from the Tower a great peale of ordinaÌ„ce wente off iustely The twelfth of February The Duke of Norffolke Ambassador into France the D. of Norffolke was sente in Ambassade to the french K. of whom he was wel enterteined and in the ende of the same moneth hee returned again into England The eyghtenth of Aprill at Westminster was Thomas Lorde Cromwell created Earle of Essex and ordeyned great Chamberlayne of Englande whiche office the Earles of Oxforde were wont euer to enioy An. reg 32. The firste of May Sir Iohn Audeley Sir Thomas Seymour Sir George Carewe Sir Thomas Poinings knightes Rich. Cromwell and Anthony Kingston Esquiers Iustes enterprised a royall Iustes Torney and barriers The Iusts beganne the first of May the second of May the sayde Richard Cromwell and Anthony Kingston were made Knightes The Torney began the third day and the barriers the fifth of y e same moneth whiche chalenge they valiantly performed against al commers and at Durâ—…me place they kept open housholde feasting the King the Q and all the Lords Beside this on Tewsday in the rogation weeke they feasted all y e knights and burgesses of the common house and the morow after they had the Maior the Aldermen and all their wiues to dinner and on the Friday after they brake vp houshold In the Parliamente which began the eightenth of Aprill last past the religion of S. Iohns in Englande commonly called the order of Knightes of the Rodes The order of the Roades dissolued was dissolued and on the ascentioÌ„ day being the fifth of May sir Wil. Weston Knight prior of S. Iohns departed this life for thought as was reported which he tooke to heart after hee heard of that dissolution of his order The same moneth were sente to the Tower Doctor Sampson Bishoppe of Chichester The Byshop of Chichester and Doctor Wilâ—… committed to the Tower and Doctor Wilson for relieuing of certayne trayterous persons and for the same offence was one Richard Farmer a grocer of London a rich and welthie man and of good estimatioÌ„ in the Citie committed to the Marshall See and after at Westminster Hall arreigned and atteynted in the premunire so that be lost all his goodes The ninetenth of Iuly Tho. L. Cromwell The Lorde Cromwell committed the Tower late made Earle of Essex as in the last yeare yee may reade beeing nowe in the counsel chamber was suddainely apprehended committed to y e Tower of London which his misfortune many lamented but mo reioiced thereat specially suche as either had bin religious men or fauoured theÌ„ The ninetenth of Iuly he was by Parliamente atteinted neuer came to his aunswere He is 〈◊〉 by Parliament and 〈◊〉 both of heresie high treason as in y e record it appeareth The .28 day of Iuly hee was brought to the scaffold on the Tower hill where he spake these words following I am come hither to die and not to purge my selfe as may happen some think y t I will for if I shoulde so doe I were a verye wretch and miser I am by the law condemned to die and thanke my L. God that hath appointed me this death for mine offence for sitheÌ„ce the time y t I came to yeares of discretion I haue lyued a sinner and offended my L. God for y e whiche I aske him hartily forgiuenes And it is not vnknowen to manye of you that I haue bene a great traueyler in the worlde and being but of a base degree was called to high estate and sitheÌ„ce the time I came therevnto I haue offended my prince for the which I aske him hartily forgiuenesse and besech you al to pray to God with me that he wil forgiue me O father forgiue me O sonne forgiue me O holy Ghost forgiue me O three persons in one God forgiue
and made toward the enimie By thys tyme were the fore 〈◊〉 in other part aduaunced within two nightes 〈◊〉 in sunder The Scottes came on so fast that ye was thoughte of the most parte of the Englishmen they were rather Horsemen than 〈◊〉 The Englishmen againe were leâ—â— y t more with speede to shewe that they were as willyng as the Scottes to trie the battell The maister of the ordinance to their great aduantage pluckt vp the hill at that instant certaine pieces and soone after planted two or three canons of them welnie vppon the top there whereby hauyng so much the help of y e hil he might ouer y e Englishmens heads shoote nyest at the enimie As the Lorde Protector had so circumspectly taken order for the aray and stacion of the army and for the execution of euery mans office beside he being perfectly appointed in faire armoure accompanyed onely with Sir Thomas Chaloner Knight one of the Clearkes of the Kings priuie counsayle gote hym to the height of the hill to tarrie by the ordinance where he might best suruey the whole field and succour with ayd where most hee saw neede and also by his presence to bee a defence to the thing that stoode weakest in place and most in daunger the which how much it stoode in steede anone yee shall heare further As hee was halfe vp the hill the Earle of Warwike was ware the enimies were all at a suddayne stay 〈◊〉 Scottes â—…tay and stoode still a good while so that it seemed to hym that they perceyuing now theyr owne follie in leauing their grounde of aduantage had no will to come any further forward but gladly woulde haue bin whence they came The reasons were these Firste bycause at that tyme beside the full muster of the English footemen of whome they thought there had bin none there in field but all to haue bin eyther shipt or a shipping then they sawe playne that the Englishmen were sure to haue the gayne of the hill and they the ground of disaduantage out of their hold and put from their hope and hereto for that their Herrault gaue the Lord Protector no warning the whiche by him if they hadde meante to fight it out who would not haue presumed that for the estimation of their honoure they woulde little haue stucke to haue sente and hee agayne and it had bin but for his thousande Crownes wold right gladly haue brought wel yet how so euer their meaning changed finally considering belike the state they stoode in that as they hadde left their strength to soone so nowe to be too late to repent vpon a change of countenaunce they made hastely forwarde againe and as it seemed with no lesse stoutenesse of courage thaÌ„ strongly in order whose maner armour weapon and order in fighte in those dayes and before though nowe somewhat changed as well as among other nations was as ensueth The order of the Scottes in 〈◊〉 Hackbutters hadde they fewe and appoynted theyr fyghte moste commonlye alwayes on foote They vsed to come to the field well furnished with sacke skull dagger buckler and swords all notably brode and thinne of exceeding good temper and vniuersally so made to slice as harde it is to deuise the better hereto euery manne hys pike and a greate kercher wrapped twice or thrice rounde aboute his necke not for colde but for cutting In their aray towarde the ioyning with the enimie they thrust so neere in the fore ranke shoulder to shoulder togither with their pikes aâ—â— both hands straighte afore them and their followers in that order so hard at theyr backes laying theyr pikes ouer theyr foregoers shoulders that if they doe assaile vndilleuered no force can well withstand them Standyng at defence they thrust shoulders likewise so nir togither the fore rankes wiâ—â—â— to kneeling stoupe low before for their fellowes behynde holdyng their pikes in bothe handes and therewith in theyr left theyr bucklers the one ende of theyr pyke againste their right foote the other agaynste the enemie brest high there followers crossing their pike poyntes with them before and thus eache with other so nye as place and space will suffer through the whole rankes so thicke that as castly shall a bare finger pierce through the skyn of an angry Hedgehogge as anye encounter the fronte of theyr pikes The Lorde Marshall notwithstandyng whome no daunger detracted from doyng hys enterprise with the companye and order afore appoynted came full in theyr faces from the hill side towardes them Herewith waxed it very hote on both sides The face of the field at the poynt of ioyning with pitiful cries horrible tore and terrible thundering of gunnes besyde the daye darkened aboue head with smoke of the artillerie the sighte and appearance of the enimie euen at hande before the daunger of deathe on euerye syde else the bullettes pellettes and arrowes flying eache where so thicke and so vncertainely lyghting that no where was there anye suretie of safetie euery man striken with a dreadfull feare not so muche perchance of deathe as of hurte whyche thyngs though they were but certaine to some yet doubted of all assured crueltie at the enimies handes without hope of mercy death to flie and daunger to fight The whole face of the field on both sides vpon this poynte of ioyning doth to the eye and to the eare so heauie so deadly lamentable furious outragious terrible confuse and so quite agaynste the quiete nature of man as if to the nobilitie the regarde of theyr honor and fame to the Knightes and Captaynes the estimation of theyr worshippe and honestie and generally to them all the naturall motion of bounden duetie theyr owne safetie hope of victorie and the fauoure of God that they trusted vppon for the equitie of their quarrell hadde not bene a more vehemente cause of courage than the daunger of deathe was cause of feare the verye horroure of the thyng hadde bene able to haue made anye man to forgette both prowesse and policie But the Lorde Marshall and the other with present mind and courage warely and quickly continued their course towardes them The enimies were in a fallow field whereof the fourrowes lay sidelong toward the EnglishmeÌ„ next to whomby the side of the same fourrowes and a stones cast from the Scottes was there a crosse ditch or slough whiche the Englishmen must needes passe to come to theÌ„ wherin many that could not leape ouer stucke fast to no small daunger of themselues and some disorder of their fellowes The enimie perceyuing the Englishmen fast to approche The order of the Scottishe battayles disposed themselues to abide the brunte and in this order stoode still to receyue them The Earle of Angus next to the Englishmen in the Scottishe fore warde as Captaine of the same with an eight thousand men and foure or fiue peeces of ordinance on his right hande and a foure hundred horsemen on his left Behinde hym Westwarde the gouernoure
encamped for that night and the Englishmen and Italians returned backe to their fortresse The next day the Frenchmen and Scottes with their whole power came before Hadington The French army commeth before Hadington where they were welcomed with a right sharpe and hate skyrmish in which was slaine with and hanquabuse shot one of the Frenche Captaynes called Villenâ—…uâ—…ue In the meane time whilest this skirmish continued The Reinsgraue the Reingraue with his Almaines encamped himselfe on the one side of the towne where the maister of the ordinance in the French armie named Monsieur Dunâ—… caused trenches to be cast for the safe placing of the artillerie the EnglishmeÌ„ still kept them occupied on eche side the towne with skyrmishing They planâ—… their artillery to the annoyance of the aduersaries To conclude they encamped before the Towne cast Trenches lodgeâ—… their Ordinance and layde their siege to the most aduauntage so farre as they might be suffered Shortly after that this siege was planted there came to the ayde of the French the Earle of Arguyle The Earle of Arguile Monsiâ—…r de la Chapelle with a great number of Irish Scottes and Monsieur de la Chapelle brought an eyght or nine hundred Scottes Pioners which began a trench on the left hande of the Abbay gate and likewise a trauerse to couer theyr souldiers that shoulde watche and warde from daunger of the shot out of the towne on that side They lodged so neare within the verie dytches that there were deuised certaine plummers of Leade tied with cordes to a truncheon of a staffe lyke to an hande staffe of a flayle wherewith the souldiours that watched and warded within the towne on the rampire slue dyuerse of the Frenchmen being there lodged within their ditches Thus notwithstanding that the Frenchmen with their artillerie had broken downe the fortifications so as the breaches were made verie reasonable and easie for them to enter yet durst they not presume once to giue y e assault for the English men although their powder was sore spent The valiancie of the English men and that for want of matches they were coÌ„strayned to teare their shyrts and vse the same in stead of matches yet they shewed themselues to valiant in defending the town thus beaten and made weake on eche hande that there was no hope left to their aduersaries to win it of them by force Although the French power on the one side and .viij M. Scottes on an other had so enuironed it that the English men within were driuen to most extreme and hard shifts for want of things necessarie and requisite for their maintenance and defence of that Towne But yet whilest they remayned thus in suche distresse and necessitie of things two hundred Englishmen vnder the conduct of Captain Windham Succour â—â—tring the towne Warham Scâ—â—seger and Iohn Car of Warke found meanes one night to passe through al the watches on that side where the Scottes lay and entring the towne and bringing with them great plentie of powder other necessaries greatly relieued them within and so encoraged them that they seemed to make small account of their enimies fortes Herevpon within few dayes after the Scottes fiue or sixe C. light horsmen onely excepted brake vp theyr campe and returned home After this my Lorde Gray remayning at Berwike ment to make a voyage himselfe in person for the reliefe of them that were thus besieged in Hadington and now when all things were so far in a readinesse as the next day he ment to haue set forward letters were brought that night from the Court willing him to perfourme that seruice by a deputie and to stay himselfe til the comming of the Earle of Shrewsburie who was appoynted with the armie to come verie shortly as generall into those parties My Lord Gray herevpon appoynted in his stead sir Robert Bowes and sir Thomas Palmer to go thither â—…ers went to 〈◊〉 who coÌ„ming to Dunglâ—â— left there certaine handes of footemen and wyth the horsmen bring in number .xiij. huÌ„dred whereof seuen hundred launces were appoynted vnder the charge of the Thomas Palmer they rode forwarde to accomplishe their enterprise but the French Captaynes hauing knowledge of theyr comming they prouided the best they coulde to repulse them appoynting foure Venlyns or ensignes of Lansquenets to keepe a standing watch that night in the trenches and the like number of French ensignes to watch about their campe All the other of their bandes were commaunded to take rest but yet wyth theyr armour on theyr backes Their generall Monsiâ—…r de Desse himselfe Monsieur de Mailleraye admirall of their fleete Monsieur Dandeloâ—… Coronell of the Frenche footemen Piero Strozzt Coronell of the Italians the Reinsgraue Coronell of the Lansqueners and all other the noble men and Captaines of honour among them were all nyght long in armour trauayling vp and downe some on horesebacke and some on foote to visite the watches and skoutes set in places and wayes by the which they suspected that the Englishmen ment would come â—… Lorde 〈…〉 The Lorde Hume ryding abroade to learne what he might of the Englishmens demeanour early in the morning returned to the campe and certified Monsieur de Desse that they were at hande Herewith were the Scottish and French horsemen that kept the sâ—…out called in and monsieur Dandelot with great expedition ranged his battaile of footemen in order â—â—â—delot and so likewise did the Reinsgraue his Almaines The Englishmen deuided into two bendes came and shewed theÌ„selues in sight of the towne and charging such Scottes and Frenchmen as came forth to encounter them gaue them the ouerthrow at two seueral charges but finally presuming too farre vppon theyr good lucke thus chauncing to them in the beginning followed in chase those that fledde before them tyll at length they were enclosed and shutte vppe betwixte the Frenche footemen on the one syde and the Almaines on the other And herewyth the Scottishe horsemen vnder the conduct of the Lordes Humes and Dune and the Frenche horsemen ledde by Monsieur de Etauges theyr Generall 〈…〉 beyng assembled togyther eftsoones after theyr had beene forepulsed were now readie to come forwarde againe and perceyuing theyr footemen so to haue enuironed the Englishmen that they were not able to recouer themselues nor to get oute of daunger but by disordering theyr rankes to take them to flyght The English horsemen discomâ—â— followed amayne so that those which escoped the Frenchmennes handes were taken by the Scottes that pursued them in those so that 〈◊〉 were faued that were not eyther slayâ—…e or taken My Lorde Gray lost .lxxij. great horses and an hundred Geldings with all the 〈◊〉 vppon them armed wyth hyll Lordshippes 〈◊〉 furniture onelye foure or fiue of his menne came home of the whiche Thomas Cornewalleâ—…s nowe groome Porter to the Queenes Maiestie was one and Robert Car Esonier an other then Page to my sande Lorde Grey The vnaduised
at 1446.20 dyeth 1455.35 his iust commendations 1458.21 borne in Dorsetshire 1463.10 Monmouth Iohn Captayne to Henry the thyrdes armie receyueth an ouerthrowe 644.44 Mortalitie so great in England that there were scaree so many hole as should keepe the sicke 541.75 Mount Saint Michaell Castle in Normandie besieged and released 321.89 Modwene a renowmed virgin in Irelande 207.12 Modwene commeth into England and buildeth two Abbeys 208.2 Modwene dyeth and is buried in Andresey I le 208.14 Mortalitie great 1580.43 Mountâ—…oy Castle yeelded to the English pag. 1192 col 2. lin 34. Most famous learned men to conferre about y e kings mariage 1551.50 is chosen by the Queene to be of her counsel in the matter of dyuorce eadem 3. dyeth 1559 53. Montfort Henry sonne to the Earle of Leycester pursueth the halfe brethren of Henrie the third 752.10 hee besiegeth them in Bulleyne 752.17 they passe awaye by safe conduct of the king of Fraunce 752.26 Montioye Lorde is praysed 1594.30 his Stratageme 1589.32 William Montagew created Earle of Salisburye 900.13 b. Morley Lord Morley slayne 1436.28 A monstrous kinde of Earth mouing 1857.47 Mordack Henrie Abbot of Fountneys chosen and consecrated Archbyshop of York 382.54 Monkes slayne and wounded at the hygh altare 313.15 Monkes driuen out of their Abbeys and secular Priests placed in their roumthes 231.2 Mowbray Robert Constable of Kinarde Ferie Castle taken prisoner 433.27 Mount Sorrel Castle 595.76 Money in Ireland made of lyke weyght and finenesse to the English coyne 570.57 Money sent ouer into Flaunders to pay king Iohns Souldiers wages 583.107 Mountagne Edward knight Lord chiefe Iustice of the Common place is one of the Executors of Henrie the eyght 1611.50 is excepted out of the generall pardon and why 1722.58 Mountfoord Simon goeth ouer into Fraunce and is receiued into the French kings seruice 776.8 Mountgomerie Roger Earle of Shrewsburie in armes agaynst king William Rufus 318.64 All Monasteries visyted 1564 27. MontmereÌ„tcie Annas great master of the French kings house made knight of the Garter 1559.10 Montfort Castle delyuered to the Englishmen 399.62 Mountford Simon and his armie discomfited by Prince Edward 772.59 is set at libertie and goeth a rouing 776.6 Monasterie of Briege or Cala in Fraunce 169.56 Mountford Simon knight beheaded 1443.48 Monstrous Fishes 1834.20 and. 1839.27 and. 1870.17 The Moscouite sendeth an ambassadour 1839.3 MouÌ„tgomery Roger reconciled to the king 319.36 Monstrous starre appeareth 1864.40 Moumbray Roger conspireth against king Henry the secoÌ„d 426.112 Morton Earledome confirmed to Mathewe Earle of Boloigne 427.16 Monkes of Canterbury complayning of their Archbishop Theobald to the Pope are sent home with checkes 383 13. Mountford Simon made earle of Leicester 654.65 Money graunted towarde the warres in Fraunce 977.15 b. Mortimer Roger Lord Lieutenant in Wales 745.20 Monasteries suppressed 1802 11. Mouyng Wood by the Kentish men bearing of bougbes in their handes 292 64 Montgomery castle besieged in vaine by the Welchmen 631 90. Morley Robert 373.73 Moun William keepeth the castle of Dunestor in the right of Maude the Empresse 368.77 Monstrous number of Flyes in February 1871.18 Morgan Kidwally learned in the law 1413. co 2. lin 11. Mortimers Crosse 1304. co 2 lin 43. Morgan ap Reuther beheaded 1304. co 2. lin 57. Monteiny Arnold a knight slain in a Iustes 729.50 Monkes of Dunstable muche hindred by the commyng of the Fryers thither 757.14 Thomas Mowbrey Duke of Norfolk imprisoned at Windsore 1099.26 a banished 1101.13 b. Monkaster now called Newcastle 307.100 Mollo brother to king Ceadwalla burnt in an house 186 68. Iohn Earle of Mountfort taken prisoner by the Frenchmen 916.25 a Monkes strange dreame of K. William Rufus death 334 1. Morchad king of Ireland frind to king Henry the first 364 22. Morindus deuoured by a monster of the sea 30.22 Montargis recouered by the English 1247. co 2. lin 36. Monthault castle taken by Dauid prince of Wales 712.35 Monstrous fish killed at Mortlake 658.50 Mons in Henaud held by Britaines and why so called 87 101. Monstreaw besieged and taken by the English 1209. co 1. li. 33. Morgan Thomas 1345. co 1 lin 9. Monstrous birthes 1816.7 Montmorency Frances Duke Montmorency ambassadour from the French king 1863 28. is staulled knight of the Garter ead 56. Monasteries al of three huÌ„dred markes and vnder geuen to the king 1564.17 their nuÌ„ber and value ead 21 Moscouia discouered 1714.26 Mombray William sworne to king Iohn 542.86 Malcolme king of Scottes assisteth king Henry the second in his iourney and businesse beyond the seas 399.18 Thomas Mowbrey made earle marshal 1050.12 b Morim inhabitants of the Dioces of Terwine in Fraunce 38.78 More honorable it is to make a king then to be a king 225 29. Montgomery castle buylt 619 33. Thomas Molineux slaine 1068.3 a Money clippers executed 719 42. Simon L. Montagew vittayleth Burg. 816.50 a Mònt Paladour or Shaftesbury builded 19.4 Moone turned into a bloudy colour 354.98 Monkes licenced to drinke Ale and Wine 196.17 Mortalitie and dearth in Britaine and Ireland 177.46 Emery Mountfort taken prisoneâ—… 786.13 b. set at libertie 791.6 a. Mondidier wonne 1528.10 Monâ—…cuâ—… de Vâ—…wclere deputy of Calais 1323. co 1. lin 11. Mortimer castle 390.45 Moâ—â—oculus king of Limerike in Ireland slaine 450.45 Edmund Mortimer Earle of March dyeth 1038.12 b Mountsorel castle deliuered to king Henry the second 436.35 Moone strangely eclipsed 194 69. Mortimer Iohn knight 1450 15. Monkes not knowen in Northumberland 308.13 Moreuille Hugh knight 415 61. William Mountagew Earle of Salisbury dyeth 924.21 b. Monkes of S. Albons kept prisoners by the Popes Legate in England 745.40 Murder preteÌ„ded against Henry the third 654.25 Montford Simons commendation 653.1 Morcade a Dane murdered at Oxford 241.52 The Moscouite sendeth an Ambassadour 1766 57. Lorde Mowbrey created Earle of Notingham 1006.8 b. Monasterie of Bangor 151.43 Monkes liuing by the labour of their handes 153.87 Mother slayeth her sonne 22.70 Mountsorell Castle in Leycestershire besieged 612.6 Molle the name of Muâ—â—nucius 23.50 Moneys forbydden 835.3 Moâ—â—â—more battayle sought in Ireland 386.20 Moore Thomas knight speaket of the ParliameÌ„t 1524.10 Elinor Mountfort taken prisoner 786.13 b Mountfort Castle deliuered to the French King 557.27 Monstrous Fyshe like to a man taken in the Sea 559.56 Mountgomerie Castle wonne by the Welchmen 325.97 Mortalitie and death in Brytaine 111.19 Molle resigneth his kingdome 196.27 Moses cyted 5.3 Mortimer Raufe 318.68 Morwith looke Morindus Murtherers of Archbyshop Thomas Becket flee after the deede done and theyr death also described 417.6 Murtherers of Archbyshop Thomas Becket excommunicated 418.11 Mules Nicholas Lieutenant in Gascoyne vnder Henrye the third 704.94 Multitude of gouernours pernitious to a common wealth 800.17 Munmouth castle taken and rased to the ground 772.68 Murrion of Cattell 728.48 Multitude rude is rather a let then a furtherance to atchieue a victory 370.16 Mulbray Robert taketh armes against king William Rufus 318.50 Musgraue Iacke his valiant seruice 1595.30 Mulbray Robert created Erle of