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to_o turn_v yourself_o
have_v a_o way_n of_o some_o eight_o foot_n broad_a be_v present_o form_v that_o run_v between_o the_o battlement_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o the_o rampire_n that_o be_v call_v the_o way_n of_o the_o round_n and_o in_o french_a le_fw-fr chemin_fw-fr des_fw-fr rondes_fw-la and_o this_o way_n go_v from_o one_o bastion_n to_o another_o round_o about_o the_o garrison_n a_o very_a commodious_a and_o necessary_a mean_n for_o the_o round_n to_o go_v safe_a in_o the_o night_n and_o to_o discover_v by_o look_v out_o of_o the_o port_n hole_n of_o the_o battlement_n if_o any_o appear_v near_o to_o their_o counterscarp_n or_o corridor_n that_o be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o their_o dike_n and_o the_o rampire_n beside_o the_o brest-work_n upon_o it_o be_v common_o six_o foot_n high_o than_o the_o battlement_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o the_o brest-worke_n six_o foot_n more_o so_o that_o the_o splinter_n of_o the_o wall_n during_o a_o battery_n can_v offend_v the_o soldier_n that_o defend_v the_o 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they_o make_v orillon_n one_o part_n be_v allow_v for_o the_o flank_n and_o the_o other_o two_o for_o the_o turn_n and_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o orillon_n 11_o their_o curtain_n be_v always_o between_o 160_o yard_n to_o 200_o yard_n 12_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n to_o be_v good_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o musket_n shot_n be_v to_o be_v from_o 220_o yard_n to_o 250_o yard_n at_o the_o most_o 13_o the_o slope_n of_o their_o brest-work_n without_o side_n be_v one_o foot_n for_o every_o yard_n if_o the_o earth_n be_v good_a turn_n now_o let_v the_o reader_n judge_n whether_o these_o costly_a fortification_n be_v for_o our_o turn_n and_o within_o side_n a_o foot_n in_o two_o yard_n but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o sandy_a ground_n or_o a_o run_a clay_n it_o require_v a_o foot_n and_o half_a without_o side_n and_o a_o foot_n within_o for_o a_o yard_n high_a 14_o the_o foundation_n of_o these_o wall_n begin_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o dike_a and_o be_v carry_v up_o to_o the_o upper_a water-table_n of_o the_o wall_n to_o the_o cordeau_n and_o from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o dike_a on_o the_o field-side_n level_v with_o the_o ground_n and_o all_o of_o free_a stone_n the_o midst_n of_o the_o bastion_n be_v fill_v up_o with_o earth_n to_o the_o cordeau_n and_o make_v slope_n to_o the_o firm_a ground_n of_o the_o town_n and_o their_o rampire_n and_o brest-work_n be_v raise_v fifteen_o yard_n above_o the_o cordeau_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o superficies_n contain_v in_o the_o first_o plare_fw-la since_o the_o principle_n of_o geometry_n be_v the_o very_a groundwork_n of_o the_o art_n of_o fortification_n i_o judge_v it_o convenient_a to_o begin_v this_o abstract_n by_o the_o demonstration_n of_o such_o superficies_n as_o be_v most_o common_o use_v in_o the_o practice_n of_o this_o art_n superficie_fw-la of_o superficie_fw-la a_o superficie_fw-la be_v proper_o any_o kind_n of_o form_n demonstrate_v upon_o paper_n or_o upon_o the_o ground_n enclose_v with_o three_o line_n at_o the_o least_o except_o it_o be_v the_o circulary_a form_n that_o have_v but_o one_o circulary_a line_n that_o begin_v at_o one_o point_n and_o end_n at_o the_o same_o the_o point_n be_v a_o small_a touch_n of_o the_o pen_n point_n of_o the_o point_n that_o can_v be_v divide_v because_o it_o have_v no_o part_n but_o be_v the_o beginning_n and_o end_n of_o all_o line_n and_o the_o centre_n of_o all_o form_n see_v figure_n 1._o a_o line_n be_v the_o continuance_n of_o a_o point_n that_o be_v incapable_a of_o division_n line_n of_o line_n but_o in_o the_o length_n of_o it_o it_o be_v distinguish_v by_o divers_a term_n as_o by_o the_o strait_a line_n in_o figure_n 2._o by_o the_o circulary_a line_n in_o figure_n 3._o by_o the_o perpendiculary_a line_n in_o figure_n 7._o by_o the_o parallel_n line_n in_o figure_n 8._o by_o the_o diagonall_a line_n in_o figure_n 11._o and_o by_o the_o diametrical_a line_n in_o figure_n 12._o there_o be_v divers_a other_o distinction_n of_o line_n but_o they_o be_v not_o useful_a in_o this_o art_n all_o angle_n derive_v from_o the_o conjunction_n of_o two_o line_n in_o one_o point_n angle_n of_o angle_n whether_o they_o be_v straight_o circulary_a diagonall_a or_o mix_v with_o any_o one_o of_o these_o as_o figure_n 4._o be_v call_v a_o plain_a angle_n because_o two_o strait_a level_n line_n from_o one_o and_o the_o same_o distance_n meet_v at_o one_o point_n and_o a_o strait_a perpendicular_a and_o a_o level_n line_n fall_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o strait_a line_n produce_v a_o obtus_fw-la and_o a_o strait_a angle_n as_o in_o figure_n 7._o and_o two_o circulary_a line_n meet_v at_o one_o point_n make_v a_o circulary_a angle_n as_o in_o figure_n 5._o and_o a_o strait_a and_o a_o circulary_a line_n meet_v at_o one_o point_n produce_v a_o mix_a angle_n as_o in_o figure_n 6._o there_o be_v also_o divers_a other_o sort_n of_o angle_n some_o of_o which_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o in_o another_o place_n the_o eight_o figure_n demonstrate_v how_o to_o make_v a_o perpendicularie_a line_n cut_v a_o strait_a line_n give_v figure_n of_o the_o eight_o figure_n and_o how_o you_o may_v cut_v that_o perpendiculary_a line_n in_o three_o part_n by_o three_o demicircle_n to_o make_v up_o the_o line_n give_v three_o parallel_a line_n without_o alter_v the_o compass_n to_o any_o other_o distance_n but_o the_o first_o first_o let_v a_o strait_a line_n be_v give_v then_o take_v the_o just_a distance_n of_o that_o line_n with_o your_o compass_n and_o set_v one_o of_o the_o point_n of_o it_o upon_o the_o right_a hand_n end_n of_o the_o line_n and_o with_o the_o other_o point_n make_v a_o small_a demicircle_n above_o then_o remove_v the_o point_n of_o your_o compass_n upon_o the_o left_a hand_n side_n of_o the_o line_n give_v and_o with_o the_o other_o point_n make_v another_o small_a circle_n cut_v the_o first_o and_o where_o these_o two_o small_a circle_n cut_v one_o another_o set_v your_o rule_n and_o draw_v a_o strait_a line_n to_o the_o line_n give_v and_o it_o will_v cut_v the_o same_o with_o a_o strait_a perpendicularie_n line_n now_o to_o avoid_v all_o error_n that_o may_v proceed_v from_o the_o mis-placing_a of_o your_o rule_n upon_o the_o line_n give_v make_v but_o two_o other_o small_a demicircle_n below_o the_o line_n as_o you_o do_v above_o and_o where_o these_o cut_v one_o another_o put_v one_o end_n of_o your_o rule_n and_o the_o other_o upon_o the_o upper_a cut_n of_o the_o two_o small_a demicircle_n and_o draw_v a_o strait_a line_n and_o of_o necessity_n the_o perpendicularie_a line_n will_v be_v straight_o and_o without_o error_n now_o to_o cut_v that_o perpendicular_a line_n in_o two_o equal_a part_n more_o to_o make_v up_o the_o line_n give_v three_o parallel_a
the_o two_o end_n of_o the_o base_a to_o the_o low_a point_n of_o the_o circle_n and_o it_o will_v produce_v two_o perfect_a recteligne_a triangle_n that_o make_v also_o a_o perfect_a square_a rhomb_n the_o scalene_n triangle_n have_v all_o her_o side_n unequal_a it_o be_v very_o useful_a for_o measure_v of_o land_n circle_n 4_o of_o the_o scalene_n triangle_n and_o how_o it_o may_v be_v set_v out_o by_o the_o circle_n for_o two_o of_o they_o make_v a_o equilateral_a triangle_n and_o four_o of_o they_o a_o perfect_a long_a rhomb_n it_o be_v to_o be_v set_v out_o after_o this_o manner_n after_o your_o circle_n be_v make_v divide_v the_o side_n diametrical_a line_n of_o the_o circle_n into_o eight_o equal_a part_n then_o cut_v with_o a_o strait_a line_n the_o first_o eight_o point_n of_o that_o division_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n point_n and_o then_o divide_v the_o diametrical_a line_n of_o the_o circle_n that_o be_v draw_v perpendiculary-wise_a into_o four_o equal_a part_n and_o cut_v with_o another_o strait_a line_n the_o first_o equal_a point_n of_o that_o division_n towards_o the_o base_a or_o the_o low_a side_n of_o the_o circle_n then_o from_o the_o two_o side_n of_o these_o two_o line_n draw_v a_o strait_a diagonall_a line_n and_o these_o three_o line_n will_v produce_v a_o perfect_a scalene_n triangle_n see_v figure_n 21._o the_o acute_a angle_n circle_n 5_o of_o the_o oxigon_n triangle_n and_o how_o it_o may_v be_v set_v out_o by_o the_o circle_n or_o oxigon_n triangle_n be_v only_o useful_a for_o measure_v of_o land_n all_o her_o side_n be_v also_o unequal_a and_o all_o her_o angle_n acute_a you_o be_v to_o set_v it_o out_o after_o this_o manner_n after_o the_o circle_n be_v make_v draw_v a_o diametrical_a line_n perpendiculary-wise_a that_o may_v cut_v the_o point_n of_o the_o centre_n from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o circle_n to_o the_o bottom_n then_o from_o the_o low_a end_n of_o this_o line_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n make_v a_o point_n at_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o circle_n and_o another_o point_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n at_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o circle_n then_o draw_v a_o line_n from_o the_o left_a hand_n point_n to_o the_o right_a point_n and_o two_o other_o line_n from_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o left_a hand_n point_n to_o the_o top_n point_n of_o the_o diametrical_a line_n and_o these_o three_o line_n will_v produce_v a_o perfect_a oxigon_n triangle_n see_v figure_n 22._o the_o obtus_fw-la triangle_n be_v useful_a in_o fortification_n circle_n 6_o of_o the_o obtus_fw-la triangle_n and_o how_o it_o may_v be_v set_v out_o by_o the_o circle_n and_o for_o measure_v of_o land_n two_o of_o her_o side_n be_v equal_a and_o contain_v but_o the_o two_o three_o part_n of_o her_o base_a her_o base_a be_v long_o than_o her_o side_n by_o a_o three_o part_n it_o be_v to_o be_v set_v out_o after_o this_o manner_n after_o the_o circle_n be_v make_v divide_v the_o diametrical_a line_n of_o it_o into_o three_o equal_a part_n and_o cut_v the_o first_o point_n of_o this_o division_n by_o a_o strait_a line_n and_o this_o line_n represent_v the_o base_a then_o draw_v two_o line_n from_o the_o two_o end_n of_o this_o base_a to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o diametrical_a line_n and_o these_o three_o line_n will_v produce_v a_o perfect_a obtus_fw-la triangle_n see_v figure_n 23._o now_o i_o come_v to_o the_o 24._o superficie_fw-la that_o contain_v a_o oval_a oval_a of_o the_o set_n out_o of_o the_o oval_a and_o in_o that_o oval_n two_o long_v rhombs_n a_o paralograme_n two_o equilateral_a triangle_n and_o four_o scalene_n triangle_n but_o because_o i_o have_v already_o speak_v of_o all_o these_o the_o oval_a and_o the_o two_o long_v rhombs_n except_v i_o will_v begin_v with_o the_o oval_n the_o most_o difficult_a of_o all_o other_o superficies_n to_o be_v right_o set_v out_o upon_o paper_n or_o in_o the_o field_n to_o set_v it_o out_o upon_o paper_n you_o be_v to_o set_v your_o compass_n upon_o the_o scale_n of_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o length_n you_o intend_v to_o have_v the_o oval_n and_o this_o three_o part_n be_v to_o be_v divide_v again_o into_o two_o equal_a part_n and_o your_o compass_n set_v upon_o that_o six_o part_n then_o make_v choice_n of_o your_o centre_n and_o cut_v the_o point_n of_o the_o centre_n with_o two_o strait_a line_n one_o of_o they_o perpendiculary-wise_a and_o the_o other_o diametricall-wise_a then_o set_v one_o of_o the_o point_n of_o your_o compass_n upon_o the_o centre_n point_n and_o with_o the_o other_o make_v a_o point_n upon_o the_o diametrical_a line_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o another_o point_n upon_o the_o same_o line_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n than_o set_v the_o compass_n again_o upon_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o length_n of_o the_o oval_n and_o set_v one_o of_o the_o point_n of_o it_o upon_o the_o right_a hand_n point_n that_o represent_v the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o line_n of_o the_o length_n of_o the_o oval_n and_o with_o the_o other_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n make_v a_o circle_n then_o remove_v the_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n and_o set_v it_o upon_o the_o left_a hand_n point_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a line_n and_o make_v another_o circle_n and_o the_o two_o extreme_n of_o these_o two_o circle_n represent_v the_o length_n of_o the_o oval_a then_o remove_v your_o compass_n and_o set_v one_o point_n of_o it_o upon_o the_o low_a cut_v of_o these_o two_o circle_n and_o set_v it_o at_o that_o distance_n that_o have_v a_o point_n upon_o this_o low_a cut_v of_o these_o two_o circle_n it_o may_v conjoin_v with_o a_o true_a circularie_a line_n the_o two_o upper_a extreme_n of_o the_o two_o circle_n that_o be_v do_v remove_v your_o compass_n without_o any_o alteration_n of_o the_o distance_n and_o set_v one_o of_o the_o point_n of_o it_o upon_o the_o upper_a cut_n of_o the_o two_o circle_n and_o with_o the_o other_o point_n of_o it_o make_v a_o true_a circulary_a line_n to_o join_v the_o two_o low_a extreme_n of_o the_o two_o circle_n and_o this_o be_v trace_v with_o a_o pen_n will_v produce_v a_o perfect_a oval_n one_o three_o part_n long_o than_o it_o be_v broad_a some_o make_v it_o half_o as_o long_o again_o as_o it_o be_v broad_a but_o the_o side_n be_v too_o flat_a and_o the_o oval_n be_v by_o it_o more_o deform_v and_o not_o so_o seemly_a and_o complete_a as_o this_o be_v demonstrate_v in_o figure_n 16._o now_o to_o make_v the_o most_o perfect_a rhomb_n that_o can_v be_v make_v rhomb_n of_o the_o set_n out_o of_o the_o rhomb_n you_o be_v but_o to_o draw_v four_o line_n dioganall_a wise_a from_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a point_n of_o the_o perpendicularie_n diametrical_a line_n that_o cut_v the_o two_o broad_a side_n of_o the_o oval_n to_o the_o two_o point_n of_o the_o diametrical_a line_n of_o the_o length_n of_o the_o oval_n and_o it_o will_v produce_v a_o perfect_a rhomb_n as_o in_o figure_n 18._o and_o to_o make_v the_o two_o equilateral_a triangle_n and_o the_o four_o scalene_a triangle_n out_o of_o the_o small_a rhomb_n triangle_n of_o the_o set_n out_o of_o the_o 6._o triangle_n you_o be_v but_o to_o draw_v four_o line_n diagonall-wise_a from_o the_o two_o end_n of_o the_o first_o line_n that_o do_v represent_v the_o eight_o part_n of_o the_o oval_a to_o the_o two_o upper_a and_o low_a cut_n of_o the_o two_o circle_n and_o these_o line_n with_o the_o two_o diametrical_a line_n of_o the_o length_n and_o breadth_n of_o the_o oval_a already_o draw_v will_v produce_v these_o six_o foresaid_a triangle_n and_o to_o set_v out_o the_o paralograme_n paralograme_n of_o the_o set_n out_o of_o the_o paralograme_n you_o be_v to_o divide_v the_o breadth_n of_o the_o oval_a into_o four_o equal_a part_n and_o the_o length_n of_o it_o into_o nine_o equal_a part_n and_o at_o every_o division_n to_o make_v a_o point_n and_o to_o draw_v four_o strait_a line_n upon_o the_o first_o point_n of_o these_o 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that_o side_n be_v trace_v you_o be_v to_o trace_v the_o other_o five_o side_n one_o after_o another_o after_o the_o very_a same_o manner_n before_o you_o undertake_v to_o set_v out_o your_o six_o bastion_n that_o be_v to_o be_v set_v out_o after_o this_o manner_n when_o the_o superficie_fw-la of_o the_o sexagon_n be_v trace_v you_o be_v to_o divide_v your_o six_o side_n into_o six_o equal_a part_n that_o will_v be_v of_o fifty_o yard_n a_o piece_n and_o to_o drive_v in_o every_o division_n a_o stake_n than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v one_o end_n of_o your_o three_o hundred_o yard_n line_n to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o six_o angles-stake_n one_o after_o another_o and_o to_o strain_v the_o same_o into_o the_o field_n one_o hundred_o yard_n beyond_o the_o yard_n the_o because_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o bastion_n to_o the_o utmost_a point_n be_v in_o this_o sexagon_n of_o 100_o yard_n angle-stake_n according_a to_o the_o former_a row_n of_o stake_n you_o do_v 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be_v place_v south_n and_o north_n that_o they_o may_v be_v defend_v by_o the_o flank_n of_o two_o bastion_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o south_n courtine_n because_o the_o east_n and_o the_o west_n point_v have_v two_o bastion_n i_o refer_v you_o to_o the_o 12._o chapter_n of_o this_o abstract_n where_o direction_n be_v describe_v to_o set_v they_o out_o and_o when_o the_o orillon_n be_v set_v out_o you_o be_v to_o set_v out_o the_o great_a dike_a that_o be_v to_o be_v thirty_o yard_n broad_a and_o ten_o yard_n deep_a and_o the_o cunnette_n five_o yard_n deep_a and_o ten_o yard_n broad_a and_o the_o counterscarp_n be_v to_o be_v make_v with_o the_o earth_n take_v out_o from_o this_o small_a double_a dike_a call_v la_n cunette_n to_o conclude_v this_o second_o method_n of_o fortification_n by_o bastion_n with_o orillon_n be_v the_o best_a and_o the_o strong_a that_o ever_o be_v invent_v to_o fortify_v all_o manner_n of_o angle-polligons_a that_o be_v regularie_o especial_o if_o the_o dimension_n contain_v in_o this_o ensue_a ichnographie_n be_v observe_v the_o ichnographie_n of_o the_o sexagon_n demonstrate_v in_o plate_n 12._o a_o represent_v the_o side_n or_o base_a of_o the_o sexagon_n that_o be_v of_o 300._o yard_n a_o piece_n b_o represent_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o bastion_n and_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o centre_n to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bastion_n that_o be_v 100_o yard_n c_o represent_v the_o courtine_n that_o be_v of_o 200._o yard_n d_o represent_v the_o face_n of_o the_o bastion_n of_o 120._o yard_n e_o represent_v the_o exterior_a angle_n or_o point_n of_o the_o bastion_n f_o represent_v the_o circularie_a compass_n of_o the_o orillon_n g_o represent_v the_o line_n of_o defence_n by_o two_o prick_a line_n that_o be_v from_o 240._o yard_n to_o 260._o yard_n h_o represent_v the_o flank_n that_o be_v of_o 50._o yard_n with_o the_o orillon_n but_o sixteen_o yard_n and_o half_a beside_o the_o orillon_n i_o represent_v the_o jetty_a of_o the_o orillon_n over_o the_o dike_a that_o be_v of_o 20._o yard_n k_o represent_v the_o demi_a gorge_n that_o be_v of_o 50._o yard_n l_o represent_v the_o whole_a gorge_n of_o the_o bastion_n that_o be_v 100_o yard_n m_o represent_v the_o breast_n of_o the_o bastion_n that_o be_v 140._o yard_n n_o represent_v the_o angle_n flank_v of_o 135._o degree_n o_o represent_v the_o angle_n flank_v of_o 80._o degree_n p_o represent_v the_o marketplace_n that_o be_v of_o 100_o yard_n diameter_n q_o represent_v the_o breadth_n of_o the_o dike_a that_o be_v of_o 30._o yard_n r_o represent_v the_o rampire_n of_o 30._o yard_n broad_a in_o the_o bottom_n and_o 20._o yard_n at_o top_n because_o the_o parapet_n of_o it_o with_o the_o three_o footstep_n take_v 30._o foot_n of_o it_o and_o the_o brest-worke_n be_v nine_o foot_n high_a within_o side_n and_o six_o foot_n without_o side_n and_o twenty_o foot_n thick_a at_o top_n with_o a_o slope_n of_o three_o foot_n s_o represent_v the_o broad_a street_n that_o 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or_o to_o finish_v such_o great_a work_n we_o will_v reduce_v this_o three_o method_n of_o fortification_n that_o be_v capable_a above_o all_o other_o to_o endure_v without_o be_v much_o the_o worse_o alteration_n or_o diminution_n in_o her_o dimension_n and_o proportion_n to_o these_o ensue_a scantling_n the_o dike_n be_v to_o be_v ten_o yard_n broad_a and_o five_o yard_n deep_a not_o slope_n to_o nothing_o as_o our_o country_n ignorant_a surveyor_n make_v they_o more_o like_a hedge-dikes_a then_o of_o work_n and_o fortification_n but_o only_o allow_v a_o foot_n slope_n in_o every_o yard_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o broad_a dike_a when_o it_o be_v finish_v will_v be_v twenty_o foot_n broad_a out_o of_o which_o be_v to_o be_v take_v a_o small_a dike_a of_o sixteen_o
the_o avantguard_n be_v take_v from_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o courtine_n whereby_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n come_v to_o be_v from_o two_o hundred_o and_o forty_o to_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o yard_n but_o the_o long_a angle_n flank_n can_v sufficient_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o musket-shot_a alone_o without_o four_o drake_n and_o four_o sacre_n one_o sacre_n and_o one_o drake_n mount_v upon_o every_o one_o of_o the_o long_a flank_n and_o with_o they_o this_o fortification_n will_v be_v of_o great_a defence_n the_o short_a flank_n be_v of_o 60_o yard_n a_o piece_n and_o the_o face_n of_o the_o avantguard_n of_o 120_o yard_n a_o piece_n uniform_a with_o the_o long_a flank_n to_o set_v out_o this_o superficie_fw-la in_o the_o field_n you_o be_v to_o knock_v a_o stake_n in_o your_o centre_n and_o to_o stand_v close_o to_o it_o and_o to_o set_v yourself_o east_n after_o you_o have_v set_v the_o light_n of_o your_o demi-circle_n upon_o the_o ray_n of_o 45._o degree_n to_o set_v out_o the_o east_n and_o by_o south_n and_o the_o east_n and_o by_o north_n angle_n as_o you_o have_v be_v direct_v for_o mer_o and_o then_o to_o turn_v yourself_o west_n and_o to_o set_v out_o the_o west_n and_o by_o south_n and_o the_o west_n and_o by_o north_n angle_n and_o these_o bâ—ing_n right_o set_v out_o and_o stake_v knock_v in_o they_o your_o two_o broad_a sin_n north_n and_o south_n can_v be_v amiss_o but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o erect_a town_n take_v the_o just_a length_n on_o the_o broad_a and_o end-side_n of_o it_o with_o a_o line_n of_o 100_o yard_n and_o set_v out_o your_o angle_n with_o the_o demi-circle_n according_o and_o divide_v your_o end-side_n into_o five_o and_o your_o broad_a side_n into_o ten_o equal_a part_n and_o then_o set_v out_o your_o avant_n guard_n thereafter_o chap._n xxi_o of_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o equilateral_a triangle_n fortify_v by_o avant_n guard_n demonstrate_v in_o plate_n 15._o all_o the_o side_n of_o this_o equilateral_a triangle_n 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fortification_n will_v be_v defensible_a by_o the_o musket_n shot_n now_o to_o set_v out_o this_o superficie_fw-la in_o the_o field_n you_o be_v to_o make_v choice_n of_o your_o centre_n and_o to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o after_o to_o set_v the_o sight_n of_o your_o demi-circle_n upon_o 60_o degree_n and_o to_o follow_v the_o same_o direction_n give_v you_o in_o plate_n 9_o for_o the_o set_n out_o of_o a_o triangle_n fortify_v by_o bastion_n and_o because_o these_o side_n be_v as_o long_o again_o as_o they_o be_v i_o refer_v you_o to_o the_o direction_n give_v you_o in_o chap._n 19_o for_o the_o strain_n of_o a_o long_a line_n by_o knock_v in_o at_o every_o hundred_o yard_n of_o it_o a_o stake_n but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o erect_a town_n that_o you_o be_v to_o fortify_v after_o this_o manner_n go_v up_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o town_n where_o you_o intend_v the_o north_n angle_n of_o the_o triangle_n shall_v be_v and_o turn_v your_o face_n south_n and_o with_o your_o demi-circle_n when_o the_o sight_n of_o it_o be_v set_v upon_o the_o ray_n of_o 60_o degree_n set_v out_o the_o southeast_n angle_n of_o the_o triangle_n cauâ—ing_v the_o man_n with_o line_n to_o strain_v a_o line_n from_o the_o north_n anglestake_v where_o you_o stand_v to_o follow_v the_o ray_n of_o your_o demi-circle_n the_o man_n with_o stak_v we_o knock_v at_o every_o hundred_o yard_n a_o stake_n and_o by_o this_o plurality_n of_o stake_n you_o may_v lengthen_v your_o line_n as_o you_o please_v twist_v the_o same_o always_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o side_n of_o the_o stake_n till_o he_o come_v to_o the_o just_a distance_n of_o your_o side_n of_o the_o triangle_n whether_o it_o be_v five_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o yard_n or_o 720_o yard_n and_o at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o distance_n knock_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o that_o last_o stake_n will_v represent_v the_o southeast_n angle_n of_o the_o triangle_n than_o set_v out_o after_o this_o manner_n the_o southeast_n angle_n and_o 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f._n represent_v the_o long_a flank_n that_o be_v 100_o yard_n long_o s._n f._n represent_v the_o short_a flank_n that_o be_v 50_o yard_n long_o f._n represent_v the_o face_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_n that_o be_v in_o extent_n 100_o yard_n g._n represent_v the_o broad_a street_n that_o go_v round_o about_o the_o rampiar_n and_o from_o the_o rampiar_n to_o the_o market_n place_n that_o be_v to_o be_v 30_o foot_n broad_a h._n represent_v the_o place_n for_o the_o lodging_n and_o the_o small_a street_n that_o be_v to_o be_v 15_o foot_n broad_a i._o represent_v the_o middle_a of_o the_o south_n courtine_n where_o the_o gate_n and_o the_o drawbridge_n be_v to_o be_v place_v k._n represent_v the_o brest-work_n with_o his_o five_o footstep_n that_o be_v 34_o foot_n in_o the_o bottom_n with_o the_o five_o footstep_n and_o twenty_o foot_n at_o top_n 12_o foot_n high_a within_o side_n and_z 9_o foot_n without_o side_n with_o a_o slope_n at_o top_n from_o twelve_o to_o nine_o that_o be_v a_o yard_n the_o five_o footstep_n be_v two_o foot_n broad_a and_o eighteen_o inch_n high_a apiece_o chap._n xxii_o of_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o square_n fortify_v by_o avant_n guard_n and_o outguard_n demonstrate_v in_o plate_n 16._o the_o four_o side_n of_o this_o square_n contain_v 400_o yard_n apiece_o and_o by_o consequence_n the_o circumference_n of_o it_o be_v of_o 1600_o yard_n that_o be_v almost_o a_o english_a mile_n the_o angle_n of_o his_o centre_n be_v of_o 90_o degree_n i_o will_v omit_v his_o continent_n for_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o fortify_v a_o compact_a market_n town_n that_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o this_o form_n then_o for_o a_o fort_n it_o be_v to_o be_v set_v out_o after_o the_o manner_n as_o have_v be_v describe_v in_o plate_n 10._o and_o therefore_o i_o will_v only_o here_o insert_v some_o direction_n how_o you_o be_v to_o set_v out_o the_o avant_n guard_n and_o outguard_n by_o which_o it_o be_v fortify_v the_o square_a be_v set_v out_o and_o trace_v you_o be_v to_o knock_v four_o stake_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o four_o side_n of_o it_o than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n one_o after_o another_o to_o these_o four_o stake_n of_o 125_o yard_n and_o to_o strain_v the_o same_o upon_o a_o strait_a perpendicular_a line_n from_o the_o centre_n stake_n 125_o yard_n into_o the_o field_n and_o at_o every_o end_n of_o the_o line_n to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o these_o four_o stake_n will_v represent_v the_o middle_n of_o the_o face_n of_o the_o four_o avant_n guard_n than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n of_o 41_o yard_n â…”_n to_o the_o very_a same_o stake_n whereon_o the_o line_n of_o 100_o yard_n be_v fasten_v to_o that_o be_v to_o be_v remove_v and_o put_v by_o and_o this_o line_n of_o 41_o yard_n and_o â…”_n be_v to_o be_v strain_v first_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o then_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n upon_o the_o trace_v side_n of_o the_o square_n and_o at_o every_o end_n of_o the_o line_n you_o be_v to_o knock_v a_o stake_n and_o have_v do_v so_o to_o all_o the_o four_o side_n one_o after_o another_o these_o eight_o stake_n will_v represent_v the_o breadth_n of_o the_o breast_n of_o the_o four_o avantguard_n that_o be_v of_o 83_o yard_n â…“_n for_o the_o avaunt_o guard_n be_v to_o be_v one_o three_o part_n long_o than_o they_o be_v broad_a than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v to_o every_o one_o of_o these_o last_o stake_n the_o former_a line_n of_o one_o hundred_o yard_n one_o after_o another_o and_o to_o strain_v the_o same_o parallel_n wise_a to_o the_o stake_n that_o represent_v the_o middle_n of_o the_o face_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o every_o line_n you_o be_v to_o knock_v a_o stake_n and_o to_o trace_v that_o flank_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_n before_o you_o remove_v the_o line_n to_o the_o other_o flank_n stake_n and_o have_v do_v so_o round_o and_o knock_v in_o eight_o stake_n all_o the_o flank_n will_v be_v set_v out_o and_o trace_v than_o you_o be_v to_o remove_v the_o line_n of_o 100_o yard_n and_o lay_v it_o by_o and_o to_o fasten_v the_o former_a line_n of_o 41_o yard_n 1_o 5._o to_o the_o utmost_a middle_a stake_n that_o represent_v the_o middle_n of_o the_o face_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_n and_o to_o strain_n and_o fasten_v the_o same_o first_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n stake_n and_o then_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n stake_n that_o represent_v the_o utmost_a angle_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_n but_o before_o you_o wind_v the_o line_n from_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n stake_n have_v that_o moiety_n of_o the_o face_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_v trace_v then_o wind_v the_o line_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o trace_v the_o other_o moiety_n of_o the_o face_n and_o as_o you_o have_v set_v out_o and_o trace_v that_o face_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_n do_v all_o the_o rest_n after_o this_o manner_n which_o be_v do_v your_o four_o avaunt_o guard_n will_v be_v perfect_o fetch_v out_o and_o trace_v then_o you_o be_v to_o set_v out_o all_o your_o ditch_n after_o the_o same_o dimension_n describe_v in_o chap._n 17._o and_o to_o cast_v all_o the_o earth_n inward_a to_o erect_v your_o brest-work_n and_o their_o footstep_n of_o that_o height_n and_o breadth_n mention_v in_o the_o say_a chapter_n and_o when_o all_o the_o ditch_n brest-work_n and_o footstep_n be_v finish_v than_o you_o be_v to_o set_v out_o the_o small_a ditch_n call_v la_fw-fr cunette_n out_o of_o the_o great_a ditch_n end_n with_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v take_v from_o it_o you_o be_v to_o erect_v the_o brest-work_n with_o the_o foot-step_n of_o it_o of_o your_o country_n escarpe_a four_o yard_n beyond_o the_o brim_n of_o
orim_n of_o the_o great_a ditch_n four_o yard_n observe_v the_o rule_n and_o dimension_n describe_v in_o chap._n 17._o and_o also_o five_o place_n of_o twelve_o foot_n apiece_o to_o be_v leave_v open_a in_o the_o brest-work_n of_o the_o country_n escarpe_a to_o set_v five_o turn-pike_n right_a against_o these_o five_o halfmoon_n here_o demonstrate_v which_o halfmoon_n you_o be_v to_o set_v out_o after_o your_o country_n escarpe_a brest-work_n be_v finish_v place_v the_o open_a side_n of_o they_o within_o 16_o foot_n distance_n of_o the_o slope_n of_o your_o country_n escarpe_a that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o clear_a passage_n for_o horse_n and_o foot_n to_o come_v to_o the_o halfmoon_n without_o spoil_v of_o the_o slope_n of_o the_o country_n escarpe_a that_o the_o french_a call_v glasis_n the_o five_o outguard_n of_o this_o figure_n be_v five_o halfmoon_n that_o have_v one_o side_n long_o than_o the_o other_o by_o twenty_o yard_n guard_n yard_n and_o this_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v observe_v that_o the_o ling_n side_n of_o the_o halt-moone_n may_v cover_v the_o slank_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_n the_o long_a side_n be_v of_o 80_o yard_n and_o the_o short_a side_n of_o 60_o yard_n their_o ditch_n be_v to_o be_v nine_o foot_n broad_a and_o fix_v foot_n deep_a their_o brest-work_n be_v to_o be_v 9_o foot_n broad_a in_o the_o botteme_n with_o the_o foot-step_n and_o six_o foot_n thick_a at_o top_n have_v a_o foot_n slope_n and_o their_o height_n six_o foot_n from_o the_o ground_n and_o four_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a from_o the_o footstep_n the_o gate_n and_o drawbridge_n of_o this_o fort_n be_v to_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o south_n side_n that_o it_o may_v be_v defend_v with_o the_o south-west_n flank_n and_o cover_v with_o the_o south_n halfmoon_n mark_v with_o the_o letter_n a._n chap._n xxiv_o of_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o demi-sexagon_a fortify_v by_o avant_n guard_n and_o outguard_n demonstrate_v in_o plate_n 18._o this_o sexagon_n be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n for_o her_o side_n be_v of_o 800_o yard_n apiece_o and_o by_o consequence_n her_o cucumference_n be_v of_o 4800_o yard_n that_o be_v almost_o two_o english_a mile_n and_o a_o half_a and_o therefore_o fit_a to_o fortify_v a_o good_a corporation_n then_o for_o a_o citadel_n or_o fort_n the_o angle_n of_o her_o centre_n be_v of_o 60_o degree_n and_o the_o same_o direction_n that_o be_v give_v you_o for_o to_o set_v out_o the_o sexagon_n demonstrate_v in_o plate_n 12._o fortify_v by_o bastion_n with_o orillon_n will_v suffice_v with_o the_o observation_n contain_v in_o chap._n 19_o viz._n to_o knock_v in_o stake_n at_o every_o hundred_o yard_n when_o side_n or_o diametrical_a or_o diagonall_a line_n exceed_v 250_o yard_n the_o superficie_fw-la of_o this_o sexagon_n be_v then_o set_v out_o and_o full_o trace_v as_o it_o have_v be_v show_v in_o the_o foresay_a plate_n you_o be_v to_o divide_v every_o one_o of_o the_o base_n into_o three_o equal_a part_n that_o will_v be_v of_o 266_o yard_n and_o â…”_n apiece_o and_o to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n at_o every_o division_n than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n to_o the_o two_o inward_a stake_n one_o after_o another_o of_o 60_o guard_n 60_o 60_o yard_n be_v the_o just_a moiety_n of_o the_o breast_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_n yard_n and_o to_o strain_v the_o same_o first_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o upon_o the_o side_n trace_v and_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n you_o be_v to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n than_o you_o be_v to_o wind_v the_o say_a line_n about_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o to_o strain_v the_o same_o upon_o a_o strait_a line_n upon_o the_o sidetraced_a and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n you_o be_v to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n than_o you_o be_v to_o remove_v the_o line_n and_o to_o fasten_v the_o same_o to_o the_o other_o in_o ward_n stake_n of_o that_o side_n and_o to_o do_v as_o you_o do_v before_o and_o to_o knock_v in_o two_o stake_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n and_o these_o four_o stake_n represent_v the_o breadth_n broad_a breadth_n that_o be_v of_o 120_o yard_n broad_a of_o the_o two_o breast_n of_o these_o two_o avant_n guard_n and_o the_o middle_a stake_n represent_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o avant_n guard_n then_o you_o be_v to_o set_v out_o the_o breast_n of_o the_o other_o ten_o avant_n guard_n of_o the_o other_o five_o side_n after_o the_o very_a same_o manner_n as_o you_o do_v these_o last_o and_o that_o be_v do_v you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n of_o 120_o yard_n to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o exterior_a stake_n that_o represent_v the_o breadth_n of_o the_o breast_n of_o the_o avant_n gnard_n and_o to_o strain_v the_o same_o into_o the_o field_n upon_o a_o strait_a diagonall_a line_n derive_v from_o the_o centre_n stake_n of_o the_o sexagon_n that_o you_o be_v to_o guide_v by_o the_o sight_n of_o your_o demi-circle_n stand_v at_o the_o centre_n stake_n while_o the_o man_n that_o carry_v your_o line_n strain_v the_o foresay_a line_n into_o the_o field_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o it_o the_o man_n that_o carry_v your_o stake_n be_v to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o this_o stake_n represent_v the_o utmost_a point_n of_o the_o long_a flank_n of_o your_o first_o avant_n guard_n and_o as_o you_o have_v set_v out_o this_o long_a strain_v long_a note_v and_o observe_v this_o course_n be_v to_o be_v take_v lecause_fw-mi the_o demi_fw-fr diagonal_a line_n of_o this_o sexagon_n from_o the_o centre_n stake_n to_o the_o utmost_a point_n of_o the_o long_a flank_n be_v of_o 680_o yard_n that_o be_v too_o long_a a_o line_n to_o be_v convenient_o strain_v flank_n set_v out_o the_o other_o eleven_o that_o remain_v and_o that_o be_v do_v you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n of_o 60_o yard_n to_o the_o inward_a stake_n of_o that_o avant_n guard_n that_o represent_v the_o breadth_n of_o the_o breast_n of_o it_o and_o to_o strain_v the_o same_o into_o the_o field_n parallel-wise_a to_o that_o of_o the_o long_a flank_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o it_o you_o be_v to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o this_o stake_n represent_v the_o utmost_a point_n of_o the_o short_a flank_n of_o that_o avaunt_o guard_n but_o observe_v apiece_o observe_v these_o long_a flank_n be_v of_o 120_o yard_n apiece_o to_o trace_v the_o long_a and_o short_a flank_n before_o you_o remove_v the_o line_n to_o another_o flake_n to_o avoid_v mistake_n and_o as_o you_o have_v set_v out_o this_o short_a apiece_o short_a these_o short_a flank_n be_v of_o 60_o yard_n apiece_o flank_n set_v out_o the_o eleven_o that_o remain_v that_o be_v do_v knock_v fix_v stake_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o six_o side_n of_o this_o s_n xigon_n than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n to_o every_o one_o of_o they_o one_o oft_o another_o of_o 240_o yard_n and_o to_o strain_n and_o fasten_v the_o same_o first_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n stake_n that_o represent_v the_o utmost_a point_n of_o the_o long_a flank_n and_o this_o line_n will_v cut_v the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n of_o the_o short_a flank_n and_o set_v out_o the_o face_n of_o that_o avant_n guard_n and_o withal_o do_v represent_v the_o line_n of_o defence_n aprece_n defence_n the_o line_n of_o defence_n be_v take_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o courtine_n and_o the_o extent_n of_o it_o in_o this_o figure_n be_v oâ—_n 240_o yard_n and_o the_o extent_n or_o all_o the_o courtine_n be_v oâ—_n 186_o yard_n â…“_n aprece_n but_o before_o you_o remove_v this_o line_n you_o be_v to_o trace_v the_o face_n of_o this_o avant_n guard_n that_o extend_v it_o selce_o from_o the_o stake_n of_o the_o short_a flank_n to_o the_o stake_n that_o represent_v the_o utmost_a point_n of_o the_o long_a flank_n then_o you_o be_v to_o wind_v the_o very_a same_o line_n about_o and_o to_o fasten_v it_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n inward_a stake_n that_o represent_v the_o utmost_a point_n of_o that_o long_a flank_n and_o to_o do_v as_o you_o do_v before_o to_o the_o other_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o then_o the_o two_o avant_n guard_n of_o that_o fide_fw-la of_o the_o sexagon_n will_v be_v perfect_v and_o as_o you_o have_v do_v this_o side_n do_v the_o other_o five_o side_n after_o the_o very_a same_o manner_n when_o the_o twelve_o aven_n guard_n be_v thus_o set_v out_o and_o trace_v you_o be_v to_o set_v out_o all_o the_o ditch_n of_o it_o after_o the_o very_a same_o dimension_n set_v down_o in_o chap._n 17._o cast_v all_o the_o earth_n inward_a to_o crect_v the_o brest-work_n and_o their_o five_o footstep_n of_o that_o height_n breadth_n and_o thickness_n describe_v in_o the_o aforesaid_a chapter_n and_o when_o they_o be_v all_o finish_v you_o be_v then_o to_o set_v out_o the_o small_a ditch_n
brest-work_n broad_a and_o eighteen_o inch_n high_a the_o slope_n wall_n slope_n the_o slope_n of_o brest-work_n wall_n of_o the_o inside_n wall_n be_v to_o be_v but_o a_o foot_n in_o six_o foot_n because_o the_o footstep_n serve_v instead_o of_o buttress_n to_o that_o inward_a side_n but_o the_o step_n of_o the_o outside_n wall_n be_v to_o be_v a_o foot_n in_o three_o and_o a_o water_n table_n be_v to_o be_v leave_v of_o eight_o inch_n broad_a if_o the_o earth_n be_v good_a between_o the_o brim_n of_o the_o ditch_n and_o the_o turf_n of_o the_o outside_n wall_n if_o the_o ground_n be_v sandy_a or_o a_o tun_v clay_n it_o be_v to_o be_v eighteen_o inch_n broad_a notwithstanding_o the_o chat_n of_o ignorant_a man_n the_o bottom_n or_o foundation_n of_o the_o brest-work_n be_v to_o be_v thirty_o five_o foot_n in_o the_o bottom_n with_o the_o five_o footstep_n and_o twenty_o foot_n broad_a at_o top_n that_o it_o may_v be_v of_o cannon_n proof_n and_o it_o be_v to_o have_v a_o slope_n towards_o the_o ditch_n of_o three_o foot_n and_o for_o that_o purpose_n thickness_n of_o the_o water_n table_n of_o the_o brest-work_n of_o the_o slope_n of_o the_o top_n of_o the_o breast_n work_v and_o of_o their_o thickness_n the_o outside_n wall_n be_v but_o nine_o foot_n and_o the_o inward_a twelve_o foot_n that_o the_o slope_n may_v be_v from_o twelve_o to_o nine_o and_o observe_v once_o for_o all_o that_o all_o the_o angle_n of_o this_o method_n where_o you_o erect_v platform_n be_v to_o have_v another_o brest-work_n fix_v foot_n high_o than_o the_o rest_n in_o which_o you_o make_v your_o porthole_n and_o that_o this_o brest-work_n be_v to_o have_v a_o platform_n a_o of_o the_o freeze_n of_o the_o platform_n frise_n when_o it_o be_v twelve_o foot_n from_o the_o ground_n make_v of_o wooden_a pike_n sharp_a at_o one_o and_o of_o six_o foot_n long_o and_o four_o inch_n broad_a and_o three_o inch_n thick_a that_o be_v to_o be_v place_v eight_o inch_n distant_a one_o from_o another_o jet_v three_o foot_n over_o the_o ditch_n and_o run_v a_o yard_n into_o the_o brast-work_n these_o high_a brest-work_n be_v at_o every_o four_o course_n of_o turf_n to_o be_v lay_v with_o brush_n or_o bavin_n will_v well_o ram_v with_o the_o carth_n if_o the_o crector_n intend_v they_o shall_v be_v of_o continuance_n have_v so_o clear_o express_v the_o dimension_n of_o this_o method_n of_o fortification_n i_o shall_v not_o need_v hereafter_o to_o speak_v any_o thing_n at_o all_o of_o they_o because_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o these_o five_o superficies_n follow_v these_o proportion_n relate_v in_o their_o side_n courtine_n flank_n breast_n face_n gorges_n and_o line_n of_o defence_n and_o so_o i_o come_v to_o the_o method_n itself_o chap._n xxvi_o of_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o octogon_n fortify_v by_o small_a flanker_n demonstrate_v in_o plate_n 19_o the_o eight_o side_n of_o this_o octogon_n contain_v two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o yard_n apiece_o and_o by_o consequence_n the_o circumference_n of_o it_o be_v of_o two_o thousand_o yard_n that_o be_v a_o english_a mile_n and_o the_o â…•_n part_n of_o a_o mile_n the_o angle_n of_o her_o centre_n be_v of_o 45_o degree_n it_o be_v to_o be_v set_v out_o in_o the_o field_n as_o the_o sexagon_n by_o the_o demi-cirle_a and_o line_n as_o it_o be_v describe_v in_o plate_n twelve_o and_o chapter_n 15._o i_o will_v therefore_o only_o give_v you_o some_o direction_n how_o to_o set_v out_o the_o small_a flanker_n because_o it_o be_v a_o new_a method_n of_o fortification_n that_o we_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o give_v you_o any_o direction_n for_o when_o the_o superficie_fw-la of_o this_o octogon_n have_v be_v set_v out_o and_o full_o trace_v after_o the_o manner_n you_o be_v direct_v to_o set_v out_o the_o sexagon_n you_o be_v to_o divide_v all_o the_o side_n of_o it_o in_o two_o equal_a part_n and_o to_o knock_v in_o a_o stake_n yard_n stake_n from_o these_o middle_a stake_n be_v the_o line_n of_o defence_n draw_v that_o be_v in_o this_o figure_n of_o 150._o yard_n and_o the_o courtine_n 200_o yard_n in_o every_o one_o of_o their_o division_n than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n of_o twenty_o five_o yard_n to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o eight_o angle_n stake_v one_o after_o another_o and_o to_o strain_v that_o line_n first_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o then_o at_o the_o left_a hand_n upon_o a_o strait_a line_n upon_o the_o side_n trace_v on_o the_o left_a and_o right_a hand_n of_o that_o stake_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n you_o be_v to_o knock_v a_o stake_n and_o these_o two_o stake_n will_v represent_v the_o two_o demi-gorges_n yard_n demi-gorges_n the_o whole_a gorge_n of_o the_o flanker_n be_v to_o be_v 50_o yard_n of_o that_o flanker_n then_o remove_v your_o line_n to_o another_o angle_n stake_n and_o do_v as_o you_o do_v before_o till_o you_o have_v set_v out_o all_o the_o demi-gorge_n after_o that_o manner_n then_o set_v by_o that_o line_n and_o fasten_v another_o line_n of_o fifty_o flanker_n fifty_o the_o line_n of_o fifty_o yard_n represent_v the_o distance_n from_o the_o centre_n to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o flanker_n yard_n to_o every_o anglestake_n of_o the_o side_n and_o strain_v the_o same_o into_o the_o field_n upon_o a_o strait_a diagonall_a line_n stand_v at_o the_o center-stake_n with_o your_o demi-circle_n to_o guide_v the_o same_o because_o the_o demi-diagonall_a line_n from_o the_o center-stake_n to_o the_o utmost_a point_n of_o the_o flank_n be_v of_o 380_o yard_n in_o this_o figure_n and_o therefore_o too_o long_o to_o be_v strain_v convenient_o and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o line_n of_o fifty_o yard_n drive_v in_o a_o stake_n and_o this_o stake_n will_v represent_v the_o utmost_a angle_n or_o point_n of_o the_o say_a flanker_n and_o as_o you_o have_v do_v this_o set_v out_o the_o other_o seven_o angle_n of_o the_o flanker_n after_o this_o very_a manner_n than_o you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n of_o 28_o flank_n 28_o 28_o yard_n be_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o slope_n flank_n yard_n to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o sixteen_o stake_n one_o after_o another_o that_o represent_v the_o demi-gorges_n of_o the_o flanker_n and_o to_o strain_v it_o three_o yard_n more_o slope_n than_o upon_o a_o strait_a perpendicularie_n line_n towards_o the_o other_o flanker_n of_o that_o side_n of_o the_o octogon_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o line_n you_o be_v to_o drive_v in_o a_o stake_n the_o reason_n why_o you_o strain_v this_o line_n three_o yard_n more_o slope_n then_o straight_o be_v to_o preserve_v the_o flank_n from_o the_o enemy_n battery_n that_o be_v otherwise_o too_o much_o expose_v to_o be_v ruinate_v by_o it_o when_o the_o line_n of_o the_o flank_n be_v draw_v upon_o a_o strait_a perpendicularie_n line_n you_o be_v also_o to_o observe_v that_o the_o strait_a perpendicularie_n line_n of_o the_o flank_n be_v but_o five_o and_o twenty_o yard_n and_o that_o these_o three_o yard_n be_v add_v to_o it_o that_o the_o flank_n may_v be_v three_o yard_n more_o slope_n then_o straight_o because_o a_o slope_n line_n in_o five_o and_o twenty_o yard_n extent_n come_v to_o be_v three_o yard_n long_o than_o a_o strait_n and_o as_o you_o have_v set_v out_o this_o flank_n set_v out_o the_o other_o sixteen_o after_o this_o manner_n and_o drive_v in_o stake_n in_o they_o all_o that_o be_v do_v you_o be_v to_o fasten_v a_o line_n of_o 150_o yard_n to_o the_o middle_a stake_n of_o every_o side_n and_o strain_v it_o first_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o then_o on_o the_o left_a and_o as_o you_o strain_v it_o make_v it_o touch_v the_o flank-stake_n and_o fasten_v it_o to_o the_o stake_n that_o represent_v the_o utmost_a point_n of_o your_o flanker_n and_o this_o line_n do_v represent_v the_o line_n of_o defence_n and_o the_o shoulder_n the_o the_o face_n of_o the_o flanker_n be_v to_o be_v 25_o yard_n beside_o the_o three_o yard_n add_v to_o thicken_v the_o angle_n of_o the_o shoulder_n face_n of_o that_o flanker_n and_o before_o you_o remove_v the_o line_n have_v the_o face_n trace_v by_o the_o pionier_n and_o this_o face_n extend_v itself_o from_o the_o flank-stake_n to_o the_o stake_n that_o represent_v the_o utmost_a angle_n of_o the_o flanker_n and_o as_o you_o have_v set_v out_o this_o face-stake_n set_v out_o all_o the_o fifteen_o other_o and_o they_o be_v set_v out_o and_o trace_v your_o eight_o flanker_n will_v be_v perfect_v then_o you_o be_v to_o set_v out_o all_o your_o dike_n after_o the_o dimension_n describe_v in_o chap._n 25._o and_o these_o direction_n for_o the_o set_n out_o of_o the_o flanker_n of_o all_o the_o other_o ensue_a superficies_n shall_v suffice_v once_o for_o all_o to_o avoid_v repetition_n this_o octogon_n thus_o set_v out_o and_o
and_o how_o they_o be_v to_o be_v erect_v the_o first_o sort_n be_v the_o best_a and_o soon_o erect_v be_v to_o be_v make_v with_o barge_n or_o great_a flat_a bottom_n boat_n well_o link_v together_o with_o iron_n chain_n and_o fasten_v to_o pill_n drive_v in_o the_o midst_n and_o on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n that_o the_o stream_n may_v not_o drive_v they_o down_o and_o these_o barge_n or_o boat_n be_v to_o be_v cover_v with_o plank_n of_o three_o inch_n thick_a and_o then_o with_o gravel_n that_o carriage_n and_o the_o train_n of_o artillery_n may_v pass_v over_o without_o fear_n but_o if_o such_o flat_a boat_n nor_o barge_n can_v be_v find_v than_o they_o be_v to_o be_v erect_v with_o pill_n and_o cover_v over_o with_o such_o thick_a plank_n or_o gravel_n or_o if_o season_a pill_n can_v not_o also_o be_v have_v then_o long_a timber_n tree_n be_v to_o be_v fell_v and_o the_o bark_n and_o branch_n be_v he_o wed_v away_o and_o square_v they_o be_v to_o be_v bind_v fast_o 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to_o set_v out_o all_o the_o 18_o flanker_n one_o after_o another_o as_o you_o be_v direct_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n chap._n xxviii_o of_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o square_n fortify_v by_o small_a flanker_n demonstrate_v by_o a_o demi-square_a in_o plate_n 21._o this_o square_n fortify_v by_o twenty_o four_o small_a flank_n if_o of_o 6000_o yard_n circumference_n that_o be_v three_o english_a mile_n and_o two_o five_o part_n of_o a_o mile_n it_o be_v very_o convenient_a to_o fortify_v a_o great_a corporation_n town_n that_o may_v be_v redece_v to_o that_o form_n his_o continent_n be_v great_a because_o of_o the_o solidity_n of_o his_o body_n for_o it_o contain_v 2250000_o square_a yard_n the_o angle_n of_o his_o centre_n be_v of_o 90_o degree_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v set_v out_o in_o the_o field_n after_o the_o very_a same_o manner_n of_o the_o end-side_n of_o the_o paralograme_n describe_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n and_o his_o flanker_n be_v to_o be_v set_v out_o according_a to_o the_o direction_n give_v in_o chapt._n 26._o and_o therefore_o to_o avoid_v repetition_n i_o will_v omit_v to_o speak_v of_o these_o thing_n and_o will_v only_o set_v forth_o what_o number_n of_o ordnance_n foot-soldier_n and_o horseman_n will_v be_v require_v to_o defend_v a_o place_n thus_o fortify_v against_o a_o army_n of_o twenty_o thousand_o man_n the_o circumference_n of_o it_o be_v so_o great_a as_o it_o be_v 1_o it_o require_v to_o be_v provide_v with_o forty_o eight_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n of_o all_o sort_n for_o there_o can_v be_v less_o than_o two_o upon_o every_o flanker_n six_o demi-cannon_n to_o dismount_v the_o assailant_n cannon_n if_o they_o erect_v their_o battery_n twelve_o demi-culverin_n to_o hinder_v