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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A57997	The history of the Turkish Empire, from the year 1623, to the year 1677 Containing the reigns of the three last emperors, viz. Sultan Morat, or Amurat IV. Sultan Ibrahim, and Sultan Mahomet IV, his son, the thirteenth emperor, now reigning. By Sir Paul Rycaut, late consul of Smyrna.	Rycaut, Paul, Sir, 1628-1700.; Knolles, Richard, 1550?-1610. Generall historie of the Turkes. aut; Manley, Roger, Sir, 1626?-1688. History of the Turkish Empire continued. aut; Rycaut, Paul, Sir, 1628-1700. Memoirs. aut; White, Robert, 1645-1703,	1687 (1687)	Wing R2407; ESTC R8667	720,857	331

Grand Signiors choice of other places of Residence rather than his Imperial Seraglio proceeded not so much from his own unsetled humour and course of living as from an apprehension of some Designs and mutinous Treasons of the Janisaries against him For to speak the truth since the death of Kuperlee the Militia began again to be corrupted and if we may believe the opinion of the most principal Turks the Vizier undertook this War to employ the busie spirits of the Soldiery which began to grow resty and insolent through idleness and by that means secure his own life and establish his Condition and Fortune The Equinoctial being come the Grand Signior would not have one days longer patience for though the Season was wet and rainny yet the Tents were pitched and though the Wind was so violent and forcible as overturned almost the whole Camp yet no difficulties and inconveniencies of Weather could give one hour of intermission to the Sultans desires Wherefore on the Ninth of this Month March. the Grand Signior departed from Constantinople attended with his Court his principal Officers of State and with what part of his Army was then a in readiness to march The magnificence of the show they made was according to the usual Solemnity yet worthy the sight of a Stranger and perhaps not incurious to the Reader in its Relation First The Cavalcade which the Gr. Signior made when he departed from Constantinople marched with a singular Gravity the several and distinct Orders of Civil and Military Officers in their proper Habits and Caparisons the Santones in their wild dress followed by the Emirs or such as are of the Kindred of their false Prophet the Great Vizier and Musti rode in rank together the Vizier on the left hand the most honourable place amongst the Soldiery being the side to which the Sword is girt as the right is of greatest esteem amongst such as are of the Law being that hand which guides the Pen The Trappings of the Viziers Horse were plared with Gold and before him were carried three Horse-tails called in Turkish Tugh and behind him came about Three hundred and fifty Pages all Young men well mounted and armed with Jacks and Coats of Male Next followed the Minions of the Court or Seraglio viz. the Paicks with Caps of beaten Gold and embroidered Coats the Solacks with Feathers armed with Bows and Arrows these two last are of the highest degree of Lacqueys which more nearly attend the Person of the Grand Signior these were followed by Nine led Horses of the Grand Signior richly adorned with precious Stones and Bucklers all covered with Jewels of an unknown value Immediately before the Person of the Grand Signior was led a Camel carrying the Alcoran in a Chest covered with cloth of gold The Gr. Signior himself was clothed in a Vest of cloth of gold lined with a Sable incomparably black held up from the sides of his Horse by four Pages his Person was followed with great numbers of Eunuchs and Pages with long red Caps wrought with Gold about the head carrying Lances and Mails with two Locks one on each side of their Head which are worn by such only as are of the Royal Chamber After these crowded great numbers of Servants with the chief Comp. of Saphees commanded by the Selictor Aga in number about 1800. And in this manner and order they marched to their Tents The Tents were raised on a small Hill as may be judged about Four Miles distant from Constantinople and about Two Thousand in number ranged at that time without order only the Grand Signior's seemed to be in the midst and to over-top all the rest well worthy observation costing as was reported One hundred and eighty thousand Dollars The richness of Turkish Tents richly embroidered in the inside with Gold and supported by Pillars plated with Gold. Within the * In Turkish Perdéh Walls of this Tent as I may so call them were all sorts of Offices belonging to the Seraglio all Retirements and Apartments for the Pages Chioskes or Summer-houses for pleasure and though I could not get admittance to view the innermost Rooms and Chambers yet by the outward and more common places of resort I could make a guess at the richess and greatness of the rest being sumptuous beyond comparison of any in use amongst the Christian Princes On the right hand hereof was pithced the Grand Viziers Tent exceedingly rich and lofty and had I not seen that of the Sultans before it I should have judged it the best that my eyes had seen The ostentation and magnificence of this Empire being evidenced in nothing more than in the richess of their Pavilions sumptuous beyond the fixed Palaces of Princes erected with Marble and Mortar On the Sixteenth of this Month the Aga of the Janisaries first raised his Tents The Turks begin their March. and began his march the next day followed the Grand Signior Vizier and other Officers and Spahees At which time all Asia was full of Soldiers flocking from all parts of the East as from Aleppo Damascus Arabia Erzirum and Babylon So that for a long time Boats and Barks were continually imployed to ferry the Souldiery from Scutari into Europe And the High-ways Villages and all parts of the Road towards Adrianople were filled with Soldiers as if all Asia had issued out to devour and inhabit the German Possessions And for greater expedition in the march of the Army Proclamation was made of a general Rendezvous at Sophia at the * The Turks Feast Biram then within Three weeks time where they designed to soil their Horse and refresh themselves before they fell in earnest to their business But before the Grand Vizier departed from Adrianople to prosecute a War in Hungary against the Emperor he called Signior Ballarino to his presence as if he would treat with him of matters tending to an adjustment with Venice when at the same time he had 20000 men in a readiness at Scutari to march into Dalmatia and to joyn with other Forces in Bosna and Croatia but this dissimulation and appearance of Treaty served only to discover on what Terms a Peace might be obtained in case Affairs in Hungary should be so pressing as to require an application solely of Arms to that Country Not only had Signior Ballarino Affairs of publick trouble but likewise something touched him of private concernment in his own Family where the Turks I know not upon what information coming to fearch found in his House two figures one of a man and the other of a woman made of Linen cloth stuffed with Wool and Cotton the which were interpreted by the Turks to be Images of Sorcery and Inchantment one representing the Grand Signior and the other his Mother were designed in a secret manner by thrusting Needles and Pins into those parts where the Heart and Liver is to cause those whom they represent to dye with macerations and consumptions

be paid by equal Proportions quarterly before-hand by their failing wherein besides our other Engagements for them to a very good Value twenty and five thousand Dollars or thereabouts rests at this day due and unpaid unto us And whereas also after the Agreements aforesaid upon several Arguments held before his Majesty concerning the Rights of that Consulage which amongst other things is granted by the Grand Signior and payable by his Capitulations to his Majesty's Ambassador Resident at this Imperial Port from Strangers to which the said Company could shew no likely or probable Title the said Company were adjudged to relinquish their Pretences to the said Consulage and a Grant thereof under his Majesty's Royal Hand and Signet was thereon made and given to us for our better support during the time of our Residence here The said Company upon Conditions between them and us agreed did also promise to give us Content therefore with intent nevertheless thereby to get advantage of our credulity and absence and to draw us out of suspect of their evil Intentions towards us which hath since as well by their several interruptions and hinderances here in the Collection thereof as their practices and endeavours at Council Table before his Majesty and by their other Appeals to the Courts of Parliament where in these Times of Distractions they presumed of some better advantage hath appeared unto us Whereby and by suggesting several Vntruths against us and by other false ways they have endeavoured not only to deprive us of the Strangers Consulage and benefit thereof but under that colour also and these their Pretences to keep themselves from paying as us from taking such other Consulage as was and is as much our right and due unto us from themselves by the said Capitulations and the Grand Signior's Grant thereon for all their own Goods traded in And now of late but suspecting our just Intentions of making a claim thereto for until this present day we never made any demand thereof or publick pretence therein to prevent what they suppose we might justly do in our own Right for we take God to Witness we knew no other cause under like unjust and scandalous Pretences we are certitified that they not only go about to get us removed from our Employment here but upon false Suggestions loose and bare Suspicions only have gotten Order for the seizure of all our Lands and other Estates in England into their power as some of their own Servants and Factors here have the confidence to report and affirm and as we are assured from thence without hearing of us nay so much as intimation to us of the Grounds thereof or such Matters and Things as they pretend at least to have against us whereby we might answer for our selves and so whilst we are labouring as for these many Years we have done with all fidelity for them and their publick Interest whereof as we have proof sufficient in our Actions so we have him that is Judg of the World for Witness to our Conscience they are contriving the ruin of us and our Posterity Which manner of proceeding so unjust horrid and odious before God and Man as in all reason we ought taking to heart and our serious consideration and as well that Violence which is offered to the Laws and his Majesty's Honour and Interest therein as our Self and our Family not pretending to extend that Authority which his Majesty hath put into our Hands to unlawful Ends but only to make a just use of it for the right and lawful defence of our selves and it in the several Occasions aforementioned finding by Accompt under the Hands of the Treasurer of the said Company here that for such Goods as they have brought in and carried out from the Port of Constantinople there is due unto us according to the Capitulations and the Grand Signior's Grants therein to the value of Dollars Ryals of 8 / 8 seventy four thousand and that for the like in Smyrna there is due Dollars Ryals of 8 / 8 one hundred thousand in circa and rating that Estate in Land which they have gotten into their power as aforesaid but at the value we were offered for it viz. at ninety seven thousand and five hundred Dollars in all two hundred seventy one thousand and five hundred Dollars Besides for ought we know to the contrary they may else have prevailed themselves upon of ours and as due to us by Privy Seal to the value of one hundred thousand Dollars and Leases under the Great Seal to near as great a value more We hereby enorder Sequestration of all Monies Merchandizes and other Goods and Faculties whatever within the Dominions of the Grand Signior where-ever belonging to the Parties and Members of the said Company in the Schedule hereunto annexed the chief Fomentors Contrivers and Abettors of these unjust and horrid Proceedings requiring you John Hetherington and you Lorenzo Zuma or one or both or either of you by the help and means of that Officer sent by the Vizier and those Commands in your Hands being now at Smyrna on other like Occasions according to your Instructions herewith sent to board and enter all Ships and Vessels and to break open and enter into all and every of the Houses Ware-houses Counting-houses of all and every of the Parties in the Schedule hereunto annexed and aforementioned and there to Attach Arrest and take into your custody and possession and as arrested and sequestred to take carry away and put into safe custody all such Monies Merchandizes other Goods and Faculties of what Nature soever that you shall discover find out and get into your power belonging to any of the Parties or under the Marks of the Schedule hereunto annexed and the same to keep so arrested and sequestred for our better Indemnity Satisfaction and Defence against all Pretences of the Levant Company before-mentioned whatever until we may be heard therein by due course of Law and till farther Order from us in that behalf for which this is to be your Warrant Dated in Pera of Constantinople this 30th of April Anno 1646. To our loving Friends and Servants John Hetherington and Lorenzo Zuma Sackvile Crow To perform and put in execution the foregoing Warrant it was necessary to make use of the Turkish Officers Power and Authority Wherefore Sir Sackvile Crow demanding Audience of the Grand Vizier and representing Matters unto him in that manner as he judged most agreeable to his Cause was heard by him with a gentle and gracious Ear and assurances made to him of all Respect Favour and Assistance imaginable For the Turks had now smelt out a Cause in Transaction which with good improvement might be worth them many Purses of Mony and was of such a Nature as that their Religion and Doctrine obliged them to nourish having the prospect of gaining Mony and enflaming Christian Discord On these Grounds Sir Sackvile Crow easily obtained Commands from the Vizier directed to the Kadi of

should be the day of sally both with Horse and Foot and that the Fleet not to lose their part in this action should play with their great Guns on that side of the Turkish-Army which lay incamped on the Quarters of St. Andrea The order of the Christian Army to make their Sally All the Forces were landed on the 26th and the whole night following was spent in preparations for the next days sally the Army being drawn up made four Batalions the first called the Admirals commanded by the Sieurs Martel Vandre and Gravier the second was the Vice-Admirals commanded by the Sieurs de la Monthe and Planta the third was the Rere-Admirals under Command of Chevalier de Bouillion Garbaret and the Chevalier Dailly the fourth was the Batalion of the Sieur d' Almeras commanded under him by the Sieurs Panetier de la Rogue Fontier Bitault and the Chevalier de Nemond and on the left hand of these aforesaid Batalions the Guards of the Duke of Beaufort were disposed The Duke of Beaufort unwilling to be a Spectator in this glorious Action without bearing a part in his own person after he had given order to the Fleet to accost the shore on the side of St. Andrea as near as consisted with their security and from thence with their great Guns to annoy the Enemies Camp as much as was possible came that night on shore resolving to fight in the Head of the Forlorn Hope from which hazardous adventure no intreaties or counsel of his friends could prevail to disswade him The Forlorn consisted of 400 men on the head of which marched fifty men with hand Granadoes flanked with three Troops of Horse Commanded by Count Dampire the Regiments of Guards with four Troops of Horse for their Wings flanked also with three Regiments of Foot followed the Forlorn The Reserve consisted of the Regiments of Harcourt Conti Lignieres Rosan Montpesat and Vendosme flanked with four Troops of Horse under Command of the Count Choiseul which placed themselves on a rising ground to hinder all Communication between the Vizier whose Camp was before St. Andrea and the Janizar Aga who lay before Sabionera Between the first and second line were placed fifty Musketiers of the King to be assistant on occasion and the other Troops of Horse were to take the left hand along the Trench leading to the Sabionera the Regiment of Montpeyroux was to mount the Guard on the Fort of St. Demetrius to secure the Retreat if occasion should require In like manner five hundred Pioniers were ordered to level the Trenches of the Enemy on the Quarter of St. Andrea whilst the Body of the Turks Army was imployed in repulsing the violence of the Sally Things being disposed in this manner and the morn approaching the Forces marched out by the Gate of St. George with all silence possible covering their Matches that the fire might not alarm the Enemy the Onset was to begin with the dawning of the day and the Signal was to be given by firing of the chief Mine Royal which being large The Christians sally at the Gate St. George and furnished with a great quantity of Powder might as was supposed make way to the slaughter of the Turks whom the Christians might find terrified and disordered by such an unexpected accident This Mine was reserved for the last extremity but being low was full of water so that the Powder was stowed on floats and rafts to support it but yet received so great a damp and moisture that when they came to spring it the Powder took not fire which was the first disappointment of this Enterprise Though some are of opinion that the Mine was so vast and contained such a quantity of Powder that the Engineers were timorous to spring it lest it should reverse on the Besieged as well as take effect on the Enemies Camp. But be it how it will a quarter of an hour before day the Generals expecting no longer the Forlorn Hope which lay within half a Musket-shot of the Enemy assaulted two Redoubts took them The Christians fall upon the Turks and put them all to the Sword with the like courage the other Regiments entred the Line and making themselves Masters of the Trenches after much blood and slaughter and storming a Fort on which was the Battery directed against St. Demetrio possessed themselves of it and therewith of a great Magazine of Powder belonging to the Enemy spiking all the Cannon that were found therein The day by this time being clearly broken out discovered the action so that the Turks with all expedition put themselves into a Body on the Hill near New Candy from whence observing and contemning the small number of the Christians came thundring down in great numbers to regain their Trenches The Duke of Navailles perceiving his Forlorn hardly beset came in to their assistance with two Regiments of Foot and two Troops of Horse which behaved themselves with that gallantry as ingaged the Turks again to quit their Trenches But whilst success seemed thus to smile on the Christians the Magazine of Powder which was newly won containing an hundred thirty four Kintals of Powder by what accident is not known took fire and blew up all into the air by which many were destroyed and wounded especially of the Battallion of the Guards with many Officers This fatal blow quite turned the Scale of Fortune For the Souldiers hearing the dreadful clap and feeling as it were the Earth to tremble under them supposed it to be the eruption of some Mine near them The Christian Army in confusion with which they were so amazed that they began with confusion to disperse to the right and left and put themselves into shameful flight In like manner the Forces near the Sea sensible of the blow began to retreat and abandon their design which no perswasions of their Officers or other incouragement could animate them to prosecute but that the faintness of a second Attempt an infirmity accorded of ancient Times to be incident to the nature of the French Nation prevailed upon their spirits beyond any possibility of arrest so that in a disorderly manner they fled into the Body of the first Battalion where being now united with the Reserve they for some time sustained the shock of the Enemy until other Bodies of the Turks from New Candia and St. Andrea over-powered them with greater multitudes so that then they wholly abandoned the field and every one as well as he could sought his Sanctuary and refuge within the Precincts of the Fortifications Howsoever Choiseul and Lebret each of which had a Horse killed under him incouraging their Troops disputed the case yet longer and still with other Officers made head upon the Enemy but at length with the Duke of Navailles and several other Gentlemen who made their way through the Enemy with their Swords they were forced to retreat honourably into the Town The Duke of Beaufort was said to have laboured much

Article to be of force but if they advise the contrary then this to be of no effect Fifteenthly If the Fryars or Merchants or Druggermen will make Wine and transport it abroad none shall hinder them Sixteenthly The French Consuls and all under their Banner having a difference with any of or above four thousand Aspers it shall be decided at our publick Divan Seventeenthly If any man slaughter shall happen in the street where French dwell they shall not be liable to pay the price of the Bloud unless it be proved before the Justice that a Frenchman was guilty thereof Eighteenthly The Druggermen in service of the French Nation shall enjoy the same priviledges as before specified Nor was the French interest only available at that time to obtain the foregoing Articles and renew their Capitulations with such Additions but likewise to procure Licence for the Ambassador to travel into the remotest parts of the Ottoman Dominions The French Ambassador obtains licence to travel for though it were a thing never practised before and denied as is well known to other Christian Ambassadors yet it was granted to Monsieur de Nointel with so much freedom that first in a Brigantine he went to Scio thence visited the chief Isles of the Archipelago thence crossed to Rhodes and so proceeded to Satalia Cyprus and Jerusalem so much confidence had the Turks contrary to their custom in this Ambassador for as they stile all Representatives from Foreign Princes their pawns or pledges of Peace so had not the Turks in that conjuncture thought the interest of France worth the obliging they would never have deviated from their ancient Custom and given an example for other Ministers to demand a priviledge of the like nature But to return again to the designs against Poland The Turks resolve on a war against Poland the Sultan about the end of July marched with such Forces as were then in a readiness towards the Confines of that Country and though he had not with him above fifteen thousand men yet it was concluded that the Fame and terror of the Grand Signior's motion would either abate and bring low the spirits of the Poles and induce them to dispatch an Ambassador with terms of Peace or at least this readiness of the Turkish Camp would be an early preparation for the designs of the next year and put the whole Empire into a timely motion and that uniting with the Forces of the Frontiers they might make a Body sufficient to resist any sudden Incursion This resolution being taken the Great Vizier led the Van and encamped on the Banks of the Danube near a place called Isacgee where he with all diligence built a Bridge of Boats to pass his Forces with the greatest facility to the other side on which lies the Country of Moldavia The Sultan about a days journey short of the Vizier fixed his Court and Camp at a place called Babadog with intention after some days to cross the River and proceed as far as Kemenitz that by the influence of his powerful Presence he might encourage his Army there and provide all things necessary for security of that Garrison But in the mean time advices coming that the Polish Army consisting of about twenty thousand men was roving about the Confines of Leopolis under the Command of General Sobieski and that a reconciliation was passed between the King and him and that Zircha Commander of the Cosacks joyned to considerable forces of the Moscovite and Calmuck Tartars had made incursions into the parts about Osac caused the Sultan to desist from his designed progress to Kemenitz and to pass no farther than over the River into Moldavia for hunting or other pastimes By these matters the Turks being fully convinced that the Poles resolved not to pay their promised tribute nor to send an Ambassador with propositions which were condescending or supplicating for Peace the Sultan himself dispatched away an Aga with Letters into Poland full of threats menaces and protestations of bringing all that ruine misery and destruction on their Country which always attends the most cruel and bloudy War if they did not retrieve their error by a speedy submission and compliance with those Articles which were the last year accorded And this was the last motion the Turks made towards a Peace which they were desirous to embrace on any terms honourable that so they might have opportunity to divert their Arms to the more mild Climates of Hungary where besids the entertainment they expected to receive from friends who invited them they should not be liable to half those inconveniences of Cold Frosts and Famine as they were probable to meet in the parts of Poland But the Poles were so much in earnest and so little esteemed the menaces of the Sultan that they anticipated his threats by some acts of hostility and showed that they so much scorned his anger that they were resolved to be the first Aggressors The Poles pass the Neister For the great Mareschal Sobieski with his Lieutenant General Wisnowitzki marched forward and boldly passed the Niester with fifty thousand select Souldiers The General of the Turkish Army Chusaein Pasha alarmed hereat immediately issued forth such Orders for preparing and fitting his Camp as were agreeable to a speedy Battel and that he might understand the state of his Camp he called the Prince or Vayvord of Moldavia to examine him concerning the state and condition of his Forces the answer he gave proving not satisfactory to the expectation of the Turk who was enraged at the approach of the Enemy with high and proud words insulted over the Prince giving him no better terms than Dog and Infidel and at length struck him over the head with his Pole-Axe notwithstanding which and the disgrace he put upon him imprudently that night committed unto him and to the Prince of Valachia the care of the Guards which consisted of three thousand Men. The Valachians as near Neighbours and Associates with the others The Prince of Valachia carried by his own Souldiers to the Poles seemed at first more grievously to resent the affront than did the Moldavians and therefore that Night took their Prince by force and carried him to the Polish Army The Prince that he might make a Vertue of Necessity complained of no force or violence offered unto him by his Souldiers but as if he had voluntarily revolted showed outwardly a fair and serene countenance towards the Poles until such time as with forty of his Men he found an opportunity to escape but being by next morning at break of day overtaken by five Troops of Polonian Horse his whole Retinue was slain by them excepting five of his men who with himself saved themselves by the swiftness of their Horses Howsoever the Prince received a wound on his left hand with a Sword with which presenting himself before the Great Vizier and by that testimony boasting of his Faith and Loyalty to the Ottoman House was conducted

was finished they sent some Troops very early to hinder the Labourers and posted themselves neat them behind a Curtain and behind Planks which well-nigh shut the descent from the Mountain before the Christians Battery Count Fontaine who commanded the Post was quick in opposing their effort and having called the men from their work and got his two Battalions together he posted them betwixt his Battery and their Barricado yet so as not to be encompassed by them who at the same time began to stretch to the right and left to gain the Christians Flanks The Duke who observed from St. Leopolds Chappel the Turks motion sent some Battalions of the Regiments next hand to the relief of his men These being commanded by the Duke of Croy arriving in time the Imperialists extended their line and took a resolution to attack the Infidels in their Post behind their blind This was executed with so much vigour that the Enemy were forced to give way They abandoned their Post and retired to another where the gross of their Body remained The Duke of Croy having his shoulder pierced with a Musket-shot in this action was obliged to retire leaving the command to C. Fontaine who disposed all things for the defence of the Post which the Enemy seemed forward to attack again but they contented themselves with shooting out of their own station the fire continuing brisk on both sides The Duke perceiving that the Turks made all that Body move which had camped beyond Neudorff to support their advanced Troops he first commanded all the left Wing to march and presently after he gave order to Prince Waldeck and to the Duke of Sax-Lawenburg to rush out of the Woods upon the Enemies who were at the head of their Camp. He sent to advertise the King of Poland of all this and understanding that his Majesty came to St. Leopolds Chappel he went to meet him there and shewing the motions the Armies were in he acquainted him with all the orders that he had given upon this occasion After they had agreed upon all things the King having performed his devotion at the Chappel mounting on Horse-back he went from Rank to Rank exhorting his Officers and Souldiers to do well and spake to them after this manner Generous Polish Cavaliers It is not only to defend the glory which your Ancestors and your courage have acquired to you of being esteemed the invincible Bulwark of Christendom against the Ottoman Power It is not the defence only of your own Country which the loss of Vienna by an infallible consequence will expose to the cruel Invasion of those against whom you are going to fight but it is the cause of God and to save the Empire of the West which does us the honour to have recourse to our Arms an honour which our Ancestors did never presume to hope for and which is reserved for your valour Think then of nothing but conquering or to dye nobly in this occasion to which the glory of Martyrdom is concomitant Think that your King fights in the head of you to partake with you of your perils and your victories and rest assured that the God of Battels whose cause we are going to defend will not fail to fight for us Whilst this Prince endeavoured by his discouses to inspire his Troops with that generous ardour he was himself agitated the Citizens of Vienna who had been advertised of the approach of their relief saw with inexpressible content the Army of the Christians descend from the Mountains of Kalemberg being ascertained by the noise of the Cannon which was shot against the Turks who had parapetted the Passages with earth and stone though to no purpose that their deliverance was near And they would also contribute all they could to it by the discharge of all their Artillery from the Bastions and Curtains of the wall There was also an infinity of small shot discharged on both sides with many Granadoes The Turks had not as yet shot so many Bombs since the beginning of the Siege as they did this day to retard the Christians that descended into the Plain and to annoy those who crowded upon the heights of the City to observe the descent of their friends and the combat Whilst the King of Poland continued his march at the head of his Army the Duke of Lorraine caused Heisters Regiment of Dragoons and another of Saxony which Count Caprara posts to the left at the foot of St. Leopolds Chappel to descend That of Heister received orders at eight of the clock to go and attack the Enemies who had possessed a place to the left from whence they troubled the Imperialists and the Infantry had likewise order to advance upon the Turks who were retired behind their courtains and hollow ways This motion was made on both sides at once The Turks made some resistance at first but not with Vigour enough to hinder the Christians advance who obliged them to retire behind another blind Count Lesley who had brought down some Cannon planted it at the head of the Infantry The Duke of Croy was also returned for having used the first Applications to his hurt he had force enough not to quit the fight the whole day This advantage gave both time and room to extend the front of the left Wing as it descended and issued out of the Streights In the mean time the first Line of Infantry which in their march against the Infidels gave continual fire with their Musquets mingled with that of Field-pieces beat them out of another Post and a Line of Curtain which reach'd from the Danube Hill over against the Carthusians The Duke about ten a Clock made a halt and whilst the rest of the left Wing filled the ground which the first Troops had taken and that Count Caprara extended it to the Banks of the Danube he sent orders to the Prince of Waldeck who began to appear upon th first heights to the right and to the Duke of Saxon-Lawenburg who was also got out of the Wood to continue their march until they were equal with the front of the Troops commanded by the Duke of Croy and to advance extending to the right until they came within shot of the Poles upon their issuing out of their Avenues which were on the right hand of all These orders being given the Duke returned to the head of the left Wing to make the great Body of the Germans move at once The Great Duke of Saxony came and joyned him and continued always near him in the places the most exposed At Noon they saw the King at the Head of his Troops who came and joyned the right Wing of the Imperialists The Duke in the mean time took care that in marching to the Enemy the Subaltern Generals should rally and re-establish any Disorders which might have happened by the Difficulty of the Passages and that all should advance with equality firing continually with their great and small shot The march was in this

though they were well received and pursued even to the Town Gate yet they killed many brave men of the besieged and amongst the rest Field-Marshal General Dorfeling's Son two Lieutenants and twenty-seven Souldiers with the like number wounded Jul. 6. A line of communication was made from the Lorrain attack to that of Brandenburg which is but fifty paces from the Rondel of the middle Gate and about sixty from the breach on the right This morning they shot the Cannon with that fury that they quite threw down the two Rondels and the Curtain and at night throwing Bombs and Carkasses without ceasing they caused a fire to burn on the right of the Rondel that could not be quenched in less than three hours time The Brandenburgers advanced their works briskly their Generals of Battalia's keeping alternatively in the Trenches They had eight slain and six wounded besides a Captain of Granadeers Lieutenant Collonel Fonk was also hurt in the Legg and six more of the Lorrain attack besides two killed Jul. 7. The Night preceding very many Bombs were thrown with success being they fired the Town in two places but upon the arrival of the Engeneer Gonzales it was presumed the Town would be thundred with greater violence he is expected in two or three days in the Camp where the Cannon Mortars Bombs Carkasses and other artificial fire-works of his invention are already arrived The besieged made this morning a salley upon the Brandenburgers with Horse and Foot but to their prejudice being beaten back with disorder Yesterday the Miners began to work in the Lorrain attack to widen the breaches and this Night the same will be done in that of Bavaria where they have finished two new Batteries one of ten and the other of seven Cannons besides a third on the Water side to better the attack'd Rondel and a Post by which the besieged used to creep out into a covered way which they had made before the Rondel Yesterday the Bavarians had carried their approaches to the very foot of the Castle so that they could come no nearer before the breach was enlarged The works in the Lorrain attack were so near the Wall that they could advance no further but by lodging in the breach There were about fifty killed and hurt in the three attacks The besieged shot a Bomb which falling upon one of the out-Batteries into a Barrel of Powder killed nine Cannoneers that attended there The 8th Two new Batteries each of three Demy-Cannon were raised in the Lorrain attack nearer the Walls and on the left where they were equally advanced with the right the approaches were advanced to the Wall of the Rondel and as these Works were so near there were twenty-five hurt and wounded most with Stones and Granadoes amongst whom Major General Thungen was one Major Bischosshausen had his Arm broke with a Musquet and some other Officers wounded The Miners which were attack'd to the right of the Rondel had not yet encountered the Enemies Mines At night they will plant others to the left of the middle Rondel Some Peasants having found means to escape out of Town came to the Camp affirming that there were still above three hundred men which worked continually at the Mines and Retrenchments which the besieged made behind their Walls for their retreat in case of necessity July the ninth the whole Night was spent in shooting of Bombs and Carcasses into the City to keep the besieged in Action and take away their desire of repose but these perceiving at break of day that the Enemy had made a Gallery of Planks to pass the Miners to the middle Rondel they rolled down many Bombs threw many Granados and other artificial Fire with combustible stuff in such abundance that the Planks were burnt and the Gallery reduced to Ashes At five in the Morning the besieged sprung a Mine some Paces from the Wall betwixt the middle Rondel and that at the Gate with Success being it overturned one of the Christians Mines with the loss of seven or eight of the Miners They seconded this with a sharp Sally disordered the Workmen ruined their Labours and posted themselves betwixt the Imperialists and Brandenburgers but the reserve coming to their Aid from their place of Arms they forced them back into the Town There were above eighty of the two Attacks killed and wounded in this Adventure one of their chief Cannoneers slain and several subaltern Officers The besieged lost as many Notwithstanding this check the Works were continued with the same Vigour in the Approaches Lines and Galleries On the Bavarian side they ruined the little Port from their Battery with ten demy Cannons and the breach there was very spacious July the tenth At the Lorrain Attack they work'd all Night to repair the Batteries and the Approaches which the besieged had ruined in the former Sally and to redress the Gallery which they had burnt and the Miners were again fired that Night At the Bavarian Attack the Miners worked under the Palizade of the Rondel and under the Wall with hopes of compleating their Mines in three days several were slain amongst whom was Lieutenent-Collonel Wachtenheim The Christians had Intelligence by their Spies that the Turks to the number of seven thousand reinforced with some Tartars who ravaged the Country had a design to introduce a new Commander with a recruit of Troops into Buda which obliged the Duke of Lorrain to command some Foot to post themselves on the other side of the Danube and upon occasion to joyn with the Horse that were there already and meet and fight the Enemies July the eleventh This evening five demy Cannons were mounted on the two new Batteries in the Lorrain Attack and two Mortars planted in a little Fort with the loss only of two killed and five hurt The Brandenburgers placed three pieces in battery and would plant more the Night following to shoot glowing Bullets into the City The Bavarians fortified their Attack by two Redoubts Yesterday in the Evening four hundred Foot were ordered to raise some Defences on Pest side near the Danube to hinder lest any thing should pass that way into Buda July the twelfth All the Batteries of Lorrain and Brandenburg were compleated and the first lines of these two Attacks were so joyned that men could pass from the one to the other undiscovered by the Enemies Fire And now they were so near the Walls the besieged did perpetually throw hand Granadoes and Stones to incommode the Workmen but without any great harm The Miner on the left found himself much advanced under the Wall but they met with more difficulty on the right and so they would inlarge the breach by force of their Cannon The Count de Souches inspected the breach by order of the Field Marshal Starenberg and it was found spacious enough to be assaulted The Brandenburgers began to shoot their inflamed Bullets and Bombs out of twenty two Cannons and two Mortars but with no great Success being the Besieged

and the assurance he had given them of speedy relief reassured them to that degree that they promised to hold out with their Lives This Evening the Elector of Bavaria commanded 150 men seconded by a greater number to go and attack the Palizado which was in the Ditch at the foot of the Rondel of the Castle Lieutenant-General Count Fountain was on the right of the Attack and General Count Aspremont at the left They used three of the above mentioned wooden Parapets for the first time with Success and they attack'd this Post so vigorously that they carried it with their Swords in their Hands cutting in pieces all them that defended it but they sold their Lives dearly being the Assailants lost Count Fountaine and 35 Souldiers and Voluntiers Count Aspermont received a Contusion in his Head by the stroke of a Musquet which knock'd off his Steel Cap. The Captains Gottalinsky and Vaubon were dangerously hurt with divers others This Post gave access to the Rondel July 17th Yesterday the Besieged began to fire from a new Battery of four great Guns which they had raised upon the inward Wall but General Starenberg having commanded all the Cannon that could bear to shoot that way they were quickly silenced and disabled About Noon twenty or thirty Janizaries appeared upon the Breach of the Rondel to the right as if they had designed a Sally but those in the Trenches having given them a Volly they quickly retired The Brandenburgers and Bavarians did nothing but compleat their Works besides their continual firing from their Batteries July 18th A new line was advanced to the right the better to cover the Miners and be of use in the subsequent Assault The Brandenburgers augmented their great Battery with three pieces of Cannon Nor were the Bavarians idle their Miners working under the Wall behind the Pallizado Moat of which they were in possession The Besieged did not much appear by day but in the Night time kept continual firing killing a great many of the Besiegers with their Stones and Granadoes which they threw into their Works Jul. 19. The Cannon was mounted upon the new Battery and the Line was strengthned with two small Forts Last night the Besieged sprung a Mine behind our Miners who worked under the Wall which endammaged our Mine into which a new entry was to be made to make it serviceable Some of the Christian Miners were covered with earth most of which were pulled out again except Libert their Captain who could not be found Mr. Kerry a Scotch Gentleman with seven or eight Souldiers were killed in the approaches besides others wounded The Duke of Lorrain assisted by the General persons of his Army held a Council of War this morning but the result was kept secret Some Deserters assured the Duke that the Besieged resolved to make no composition but to expect the Relief which the Grand Visier would bring them Jul. 20. The new Line in the Lorrain attack was compleated There were three false alarms given to harass the Besieged by causing some Granadeers to run up the Breach and throw their Granado's into the place upon which the Turks hastening to the defence they were saluted with Volleys of Cannon Bombs and Carkasses not without execution These kind of attacks were frequently used to keep the Enemy in continual alarms and in ignorance of the time of the real Assault In the mean time the Mines were vigorously carried on and a certain German undertook a new one which he undertook to finish in two or three days In the attacks of Brandenburg and Bavaria the Miners hoped to be the following Night under the Rondels continuing to batter the Walls with great fury and to shoot glowing Bullets Bombs and Carkasses into the City which produced much disorder Upon advice that the Turks disposed themselves to attempt to put relief into the Town the Ditch of the Circumvallation was deepened and fortified with certain Redoubts the better to secure the Besiegers to which purpose 200 Heyducks were added to the number of Pioneers Jul. 21. The principal working was now at the Mines which were made in three several places and would suddenly be ready Captain Libert notwithstanding all the diligence that had been used to dig and remove the earth to seek him had not been found He was a Walloon by Nation and was regretted by all the Generals and such who had skill of his knowledge in conducting of Mines The Miners were now within hearing of each other A Battery was also raised for four Mortars near the three Spanish Pieces which beat upon the Rondel on the right and they resolved to approach all the Cannon and Mortars nearer the Breaches to batter them with more force that they might inlarge them with more ease and ruine the Enemies Defences which were behind the said Breaches There were twenty-seven slain and wounded only at the Lorrain attack amongst the dead were Major Bacneburg a Dane and Captain Lerneux the 5th of Starenberg's Regiment Gonzales's Bombs and Carcasses had the Success expected and by report of a Fugitive one of those Bombs sunck into a House where a hundred Persons of both Sexes were retired who all miserably perished in the Ruines of it The Bavarians finished their Battery near the Rondel and began another on the Water side to canonade the Flancks of the City on that side At present being the three Attacks were advanced as far as the Breaches which were large enough all things were disposed for a general Assault two thousand Ladders being got ready for false and seeming Attacks by scaling the Walls whilst others mounted the Breaches July 22th There hapned nothing at the Lorrain or Brandenburg Attack the Turks sprung two Mines this Morning which did nothing but ruine a part of the Curtain where there was no Breach The new Battery of four Guns upon the brink of the Ditch of the Rondel in the Bavarian Attack being finished the Turks came there at break of day and gave them a bloody Serenade for a strong party of them having slipped out by the Bridge on the right they crept into the Ditch along the Palisade and being come to the Battery before they were discovered by favour of the Darkness they began to howl and make terrible cries nailing up three Cannon and a Mortar and ruining part of the Battery The Saxons of the neighbouring Posts ran to the noise but were disordered The Regiment of Prince Lewis of Baden which was upon the Reserve arrived seasonably and repulsed the Turks with the loss of thirty men which was but a sorry compensation considering the loss on the other side where above one hundred were killed and wounded the most Saxons and Bavarians Amongst the slain Collonel Lebel a Saxon was one besides several Subalternes and Geschwint Collonel of the Artillery was dangerously wounded with a Cymitar The Turks got no great advantage by this Sally for the Nailes being easily drawn they began in a very little time to play again as