vsuall are Make readie the first two Ranks Turn to the right hand and giue fyre And the Instruction of thus giving fyre is that alwayes two ranks make readie together and advance ten paces forwards before the bodie At which instance a Sergeant or when the bodie is greater some other Officer must stand to whom the Musquetiers are to come vp before they present and giue fyre And the second rank keep their Musquets closs to their Rests And the pan-guarded and as soon as the first are fallen away the second immediatelie presenteth and giue fyre two more are to make readie And so one after another making the advancement of ten paces still by which yee mayntayn at least your own ground if otherwayes yee loss ground And the reason is they being ten in deepness The Rear men be consequence ten paces behynd Which ten they advancing they stand in the self same place of these that were first in the Front The vse hereof is in there is the ordinarie form in Battell and when they do not Skirmish but rather advanceth towards the Enemie Make readie the first two ranks in the Rear Turn to the right hand and giue fyre and fall vp to the Front And so to the last This is done when you command the whole bodie right about And thus your Front the Rear the Rear your Front And then maketh that which is Rear now giue fyre by commanding them right about and after fyre to fall away and place themselues in the Front And so one after another The vse is When you are charged in the Rear And whyle you thus giue fyre you march forwards to your intended place whether it bee for Relief of that place or for your own safetie or for advantage in preocupying the Enemie in a Pass or when you haue charged the Enemie and there-after intendeth to make a safe Retreat Because you haue the worss or other respectivè Left about Note That this a Commandement to all the Companie The string on the right hand make readie and giue fyre to the right hand and stand firm The other two strings march vp The second and third turn to the right hand and giue fyre All three thus beeing in on Front the Sergeant bringeth vp the first to the second vpon the right hand Then leadeth vp the strings to the Front of the left string Here-in you may see and perceaue so manie distinct particulars that the instruction in performing this practise is clear And the vse for the most is when with a few you would occupie the length of a lyne of a Wall or of a Ditch or anie other sutable Advantage And thus giue fyre vpon the Enemie as hee passeth All the forsayds which is vsuall onlie by the Musquetiers are most observable in exercising and that for teaching and trayning the vnlearned But in practise you must vse onlie these Commandements Make readie by ranks present and giue fyre and stand firm and fall about to the right hand to the Rear or rather Make readie Present Giue fyre Note As the Captayn exerciseth the Musquetiers particularlie So the Lieuetenant exerciseth the pike-men making a Charge with Touck of Drum in presenting their Arms to the right and left hand in the Van-guard and in the Rear marching and retiring answering to the Touck of Drum which vpon service are a March and Trouping a Charge and a Retreat And thus much of the foresayd Motions wherein a young Souldiour may bee trayned and in some measure before hee haue the occasion of Arms. But now of the Motiones of your Postures in handling your Arms. To wit Of Pike and Musquet And first of the Postures of the Pike of whose number some are performed standing which you shall discern by this letter S. And some are exercised both standing and marching which you shall distinguish by these letters S. and M. For in the position heere I keep onlie the Method according to the Order of the Exercise it self in trayning Lift your pikes S. Mount your pikes S. Set down your pikes S. Shoulder your pikes S. and M. Charge your pikes S. and M. Set down your pikes S. Palm to the point your pikes S. Cheek your pikes S. VVhich is done when by palming you hold your right hand vpon your syde with your pike and your left hand vpon the point thereof is done when you present your pike by palming Recover your pikes S. Which is done when you present your pike by palming Charge your pikes S. and M. Shoulder your pikes S. and M. To the right or left hand charge S. and M. Shoulder your pikes S. and M. Charge to the Rear S. and M. Port your pikes S. and M. Stand.  Set down your pikes S. Obserue in charging that half the ranks onlie must charge their pikes And that they carrie them so couched over the heads of the formost as may giue no offence eyther in charging or retiring And the reason is In that this way pikes are not so subject to bee broken by the shot of the Enemie Next Of the Postures of the Musquet And the words of Command vsuall in the handling thereof And these first your Musquet beeing charged March with your Musquet in your hand Sink your rest and vnshoulder your Musquet Hold vp your Musquet in the right hand and let her sink in the rest In your left hand hold your Musquet carrie your rest with it In your right hand take your Lunt or Match and hold it well Blow your Lunt Cock your Lunt Try your Lunt Blow your Lunt and try your pan Hold your Musquet and present Giue fyre Now Having discharged your Musquet you must charge agayn after the manner following Take down your Musquet and carrie your Rest with it Uncock your Lunt Blow your Lunt Put it agayn betwixt your fingers Blow your pan Morss your pan Cloze your pan Cast off your pan Cast about your Musquet Trayll your Rest Open your Charges Charge your Musquets Draw out your Ramsticks Shorten your Ramsticks Fetch your Musquet forward with the left hand and hold it vp in the right hand and recover the Rest Shoulder your Musquet And having thus way charged your Musquet you must agayn make readie as followeth Lay your Musquet in your Rest Hold your Musquet in your Rest with the left hand onlie in ballance Take your Lunt in your right hand Blow your Lunt Cock your Lunt Try your Lunt Guard your pan and bee readie The Ranges of Officers from the lowest to the highest THE lowest Range and meanest Officer is Lanspresado the Leader of half a string called a Middle-man or Captayn over four the Corporalls Deputie Next is the Corporall Hee is the Leader of astring and Commander of a Squadre in their Watch and Centrie Next is the Sergeant An Officer of great vse for rectifying of ranks and strings of necesirie hee should bee Skilfull Next should the Drummer bee at least the Drummer Major whose Place is Gentile hee should
doublings of middle-men and bringers vp maketh but half the deepnes but in the self same broadness vniteth themselues in confederacie by double the former number The vse of all these doublings in generall is When vpon a sudden surpryse yee double your strength in presenting but this holdeth not alwayes in doubling of strings For then they are all open and it is for evasion eyther of small or great shot but if the assault bee vpon the wings and the commanded to the right or left hand the first vse then holdeth They are often practised within a Wall a Hedge or Advantage with other vseth which brevitie will not permit Rank to the right hand counter-march Rank to the left hand counter-march This is a Counter-march in deepness to wit From the Front to the Rear But if yee would make a Counter-march in broadness that is to say From the right hand to the left hand string yee must command them first Strings to the right hand Then Strings to the right hand Counter-march Strings to the left hand Then Strings to the left hand Counter-march The Instruction here-in is all one when yee Counter-march The first Ranks or Leaders onlie must advance and step forwards with the right or left leg if to the right hand the right leg if to the left hand the left leg and then turn and so beeing fallen down to the Rear rank your self accordinglie in the Rear And all the other ranks must march vp to the same place from whence the first ranks did counter-march before they turned And so they march to the Rear by the right or left hand as is commanded of that part of their own string that followeth them And these that haue counter-marched must still follow them that as yet advanceth to the place of their Counter-march So that everie man regayneth the same place hee first was in And thus you see it is contrarie to the ordinarie March as the word it self beareth The vse of a Counter-march commonlie is when you Skirmish For you fight then looss and disbanded and doeth not advance towards the Enemie Make your Conversion to the right or left hand inwardlie As you were This is done whē the two outmost strings to wit the right or left hand string onlie turneth the right hand string to the left hand and the left hand string to the right hand Which maketh the two strings to bee face to face Then the strings in the bodie within these two outmost The one half of them falleth to the right hand string and the other half to the left hand string And so they are all in two strings face to face And thus they are so much voyd betwixt as the strings within the outmost took vp And the vse heereof is not onlie to giue way but to make Guard to the Generall to an Ambassadour to go in or out at a Passage or to those that hath rendred a Fort to go out Make your conversion to the right or left hand outwardlie This is done when the two middle strings turneth to wit The right hand string to the right hand the left hand string to the left hand and so back to back then the strings on the right hand of the middle strings falleth in to the right hand string and the strings on the left hand falleth into the left hand and so maketh of all but two strings and that back to back There is conversions also when all the strings remayn inteir and compleet but by equall division the one half turning to the left hand and the other half to the right hand and so all faces to faces or by turning outwardlie the one and other half and then back to back The former two Conversions can not bee vsed but when they are four or six at most in broadness to wit in strings but the latter Conversion may bee vsed when they are a great manie strings And the vse of that outward Conversion amongst others is when they are hardlie assaulted on both wings The first rank string consequentlie the rest This is performed when the right hand man in the Front advanceth whyle the bodie halteth a little and then his left hand man followeth vp after him and so all the rank man by man is drawn vp to the string and after this maner all the remayning strings And thus as they haue stringed one after another falleth vp to his first order The string on the right or left hand consequentlie the rest This is done when the right or left hand string advanceth from the bodie whyle the same halteth to the tyme the last man of the foresayd string bee clearlie advanced from his collaterall string Then immediatelie the remayning strings in lyke manner advanceth one string after another commonlie as the first string is clearlie advanced it then halteth to the tyme the following string falleth vp to his first order and so one after another The vse of both Exercises except in some little respects are all one they are done when yee come to port a strait a Passage When one onlie is able to march in front Before yee make the Great Turn or wheeling about yee must perform these particulars following fyue in number Right about Close your ranks Close your strings to the right and left hand Close your ranks to the sword point Mount your Arms Pickes and musquets The Great Turn to the right hand The Great Turn to the left hand There is so manie distinct Particulars in this Exercise severallie performed that it admitteth no further Instruction onlie note when yee will haue them close their strings to the right or left hand the outmost string on that hand yee purpose to close must bee commanded to stand and all the rest to close to it And before you command them to their first Order you must cause them performing these four ensuing particulars to wit Open your ranks to the Rear Ranks to your Order Strings to your Order Front as you were In opening ranks or strings you must make all both ranks and strings saving the outmost on that hand yee mean to open which must stand to moue altogether to the tyme the second rank or string from that which standeth haue gotten it distance and subsequent the rest The vse hereof is altogether defensine to keep them selues vnbroken by the furie of horses And now this much of these Exercises common to both Pike-men and Musquetiers But there are others vsuall onlie bee the Musquetiers and these are such as followeth But before yee practise these particular Motions your men must bee set in Batell ten deep or vpon exigencie in Skirmishing And when your Armie is not great yee may place them six in deepness And then yee must not fayll to command them to obserue that in all their actiones they turn to the right hand and that they carrie the mouthes of their pieces high as well when they are panning as when they are pan-guarded and come to giue fyre And the termes
bee of experience and a good Linguist for redeeming of Prisoners for intimation of Parties His place of march is three ranks of pikes or Musquets preceeding Next is the Scriver or the Clerk of the Band. Hee is no Souldiour yet hee ought to bee learned in Martiall lawes to instruct the souldiours Hee receaveth pay from the Tresaurers and delyvereth it proportionablie to the Companie Next is the Chirurgion lyke no wayes no souldiour And the reason is if hee were wounded who should cure those of the Companie hee holdeth his place of Courtesie Next is the Antsign or Coulours bearer The Romanes as the Spaniards now holdeth him next the Captayn Hee marcheth vpon the right hand of the pikes commonlie two ranks preceeding him In Garnison hee ought to haue the most eminens place of Lodging or in Quartering And the reason is It is the conveaning place For therein is the Credit and principalitie of the Companie Next is the Quarter-master of the Regiment or Harbinger Hee intimateth their way and passages and where they set down and to everie Companie their quarter and place Hee dependeth vpon the Quarter-master Generall Next is the Provost Marshall Hee hath the Custodie and Respect to Guiltie persons and the Charge of the Execution Hee dependeth vpon the Iudge Marshall Next is the Lieuetenant a Captayns conjunct in whose absence hee occupieth his Vice as the word it self beareth hee bringeth vp the Rear whyle the Captayn marcheth vpon the Van and the Rear hath the second place The reason whereof is if commanded right or left about the Rear becommeth the Front Aboue all these is the Captayn His Charge is over a Companie commonlie consisting of one two or three hundreth Hee ought to know the duetie of the forsayds Officers that accordinglie hee may command Next is the Sergeant Major a principall Captayn the Deliverer and Distributer of the Orders of the Regiment Hee receaveth them from the Commander of his Brigado And hee from the Major Generall of his Brigado who commonlie is chosen out of the Majors of the Regiments And hee from the Lord Marshall of the Field Next is the Lieuetenant Collonell Hee surragateth the Vice and place of the Collonell in his absence And aboue all these is a Collonell Hee is head and hath Commandement of a Regiment consisting of ten or fifteen Companies And the eldest is Magister de Campo Next is the Sergeant Major Generall Hee is taken out of the Collonells commonlie at least once hee ought to haue been on Hee commandeth the Collonells and rangeth the infanterie into Battalia Hee is one of the Councell of Warre Next is the Collonell Generall if there bee anie Hee hath a generall care of the Government of all the infanterie But in a Armie hee hath onlie commandement of a Brigado Hee is ever one of the Councell of Warre Next is the Lieuetenant Generall of the Horss or Generall thereof For hee must haue none aboue him except the Generall of the Armie one of the Councell of Warre Hee hath his own Commissarie and Quarter-master generall Next is the high Tresaurer of the Armie vnder the Generall onlie Hee is to haue reguard to the Auditor Mustur-master Commissarie one of the Councell of Warre Next is the Master or Generall of the Ordinance Hee is one of the Councell of Warre Next is the Lord Marshall Hee distributeth the Generalls Commands to all the other Officers of the Armie Hee ordereth their Lodgings and encampings Hee assigneth in Battell to everie bodie his place The Sergeant Major Generall afterwards accordinglie rangeth The Infanterie into Battalia Hee marcheth in the Vanguard Next is the Lieuetenant Generall of the Armie younger Brother to the Generall Hee ought to cause all the Generalls Commands bee put in Execution as absolutelie as himself But speciallie in march For thus hee doeth ease him Some think vnnecessarie this Office where there is a Lord Marshall Lastlie Having no paralell is the Generall Whose properties ought to bee Valiantlie to fight of a resolute Mynd and judgement in all Recounters to make a Surpryze with good and foreseeing vnderstanding to choose well a place of Advantage to choose a proper place for lodging or fighting to pass a River or escape an evill passage and when need is to make great Expedition To make falss or true Allarums or assaulteth to the Enemie in place and tyme convenient To bee Skilfull in Engynes and paynfull in all To bee liberall and to reward Valiant Acts of Arms and mercifull to Forfaitures And in a word Hee ought to know everie one his Duetie and should excell in Vertue Wisdom Diligence and Experience There is a second Range and haue another Dependance And most of them wayt vpon the Horsmen And take their Direction from the LORD MARSHALL THE First and Lowest is Gun-Master an inferior Officer vnder the Master of the Ordinance And hee is called a Constable Next is the Trench-Master Hee hath respect to Fortifications Next is the Wagon-master Hee hath charge of Bag and Baggage Hee is called Master Impedimentorum Next is the Forrage-master His charge is for Provision to the Horss Hee dependeth more nearlie vpon the Lord Marshall Hee hath his Inferiour Officers Next is the Proveant-master His charge is for Victualls to the Armie And hee hath his Quarter-master and other Officers Next is the Iudge Marshall Hee giveth Sentence vpon Offenders Next is the Scout-master Hee maketh choose of places of Danger where and how to place them Hee dependeth also more directlie vpon the Lord Marshall Next is the Lieuetenant of the Ordinance Hee dependeth vpon the Master of the Ordinance They haue thier Quartermaster and Inferiour Officers The Last and Greatest is Mustur-master Generall And is one of the Councell of Warre These are the Functions and Members of the totall and compleat Bodie Whose head the Generall communicateth and diffundeth his Orders and Commandements by the Lord Marshall to them all after this four-fold Division or Distinstion Videlicet Of the Cavalrie of the Infanterie of the Artillerie of the Victuall Which is to say The Commissarie Generall of the Horss commeth and receaveth the Generall his Orders from the Marshall and delyvereth them to the Lieuetenant Generall of the Horss And then to the Quarter-master Generall thereof And from him to all the Quarter-masters from everie Quarter And so the Sergeant Major Generall of everie Brigado commeth to the Marshall and receaveth their Orders which hee delyvereth to the Commander of that Brigado and hee to the Sergeant Major of each Regiment and then to all the Quarter-masters from everie Quarter And so the Quarter-master Generall of the Artillerie from the Marshall to the Master of the Ordinance And from them to everie Quarter-master And in lyke-manner the Quarter-master Generall of the Victuall commeth to the Marshall and receaveth their Orders which hee delyvereth to the Proveant Master And hee to the other Quarter-master from everie Quarter Thus you see with what Facilitie and what Celeritie the Diversitie of one mans