hold their Pikes continually in marching in the right hand and vpon the right shoulder without euer changing it and so likewise being vpon the left side of the ranke to hold it alwaies vpon the left shoulder those that be in the midst of the rankes haue libertie to vse that side that is best for their commoditie either vpon the right or left hand and to moue their Pikes from shoulder to shoulder at their choise and pleasure It is true that the iust carying of the Pike of those that march in the midst of the rankes is to hold it vpon the left shoulder and to carie their right hand behind vpon their dagger or vpon their side and so generally all as well they that be in the midst as those that be in the head of the rankes are to obserue this order to carie that hand which is at libertie behinde them or vpon their sides Let him march then with a good grace holding vp his head gallantly his pace full of grauitie and state and such as is fit for his person and let his body bee straight and as much vpright as is possible and that which most imports is that they haue alwaies their eies vpon their companions which are in ranke with them and before them going iust one with the other and keeping perfit distance without committing error in the least pace or step and euery pace and motion with one accord and consent they ought to make at one instant time And in this sort all the rankes entirely are to go sometimes softly somtimes fast according to the stroke of the drumme The heele and tippe of their pikes would bee equally holden both of length and height as neere as is possible to auoide that they fall not out to be by bearing them otherwise like vnto organ-pipes some long some short The measure and proportion thereof to hold the heel of the Pike is this It is necessarie for him to haue an eye to the ranke that doth march before him and so carie the Butt-end or heele of his pike that it may bee iust ouer against the ioynt of the hamme of the souldier that in march shall be straight before him and so euery one from hand to hand must obserue the proportion of that height that is right behind vpon the ioynt of the knee for by doing so they cannot commit error carying in their march that legge that is vnder that arme that sustaines and caries the Pike of iust and euen proportion by mouing their pace right vnder the staffe of the Pike going in their march as I haue said before iust and euen with a gallant and stately and sumptuous pace for by doing so they shall be esteemed honoured and commended of the Lookers on who shall take wonderfull delight to behold them march in that order THE SECOND BOOKE OF MILITARY Directions Wherein is set downe the office of a Sergeant Ensigne-bearer Lieutenant the Gentlemen of a band and how to skirmish and discouer CHAP. I. And first the Office of the Sergeant of a Band. SInce euery Officer through his continuall exercise and daily diligence in executing his charge doth attaine vnto perfit experience by daily practise which is as it were conuerted into nature therefore hee which determines with himselfe to be accounted sufficient and of abilitie to discharge the place of a good Sergeant of a band with a forward intent to learne and be thorowly instructed ought first to be a Souldier that hath seene much and a Corporall of good experience according to the directions of my first booke In which two roomes it is very conuenient that he haue tasted and beene present at great diuersitie of seruice and warlike enterprises and to carie a resolute minde to delight in the exercise of this office to the end he be not found therein irresolute and ignorant and that likewise he faile not in the ready performing of any enterprise when Martiall affaires do call him forth to put the same in execution First of all it is very requisite that he haue most perfitly in memorie the number of all the souldiers of the band and distinctly with what weapons they are armed what quantity of Corslets and Pikes how many armed and disarmed carie short weapons what number of Hargabusiers with murrians and without how many musket-eares how many light armed pikes and targets of proofe that the better and more readily vpon a sodaine hee may put the company in order He must euer plant the best armed in places most necessarie as at the front and backe the right and left side of a square The first ranke in ordinarie long marching the targets of proofe must go in as a ready couer and bulwarke against the enemies shot next to them the musket-eares then the Hargabusiers and after them the armed and light pikes amidst whose rankes he must at all times place the Ensigne garded with Halberds or bils and then againe the light armed and armed pikes hargabuse and musket-eares and last of all targets of proofe by this equality of diuision the whole band at one instant shall be ready to receiue any suddaine surprise of the enemie The Sergeant carrying these things in his minde hauing laid a distinct plat he may very easily vary their forme and order as he shall be appointed and as the situation of the place doth require or the accidents of warre doe constraine He must neuer worke vnwarily or at all aduentures and tending to no determined purpose as those that doe not remember the perfit rules and reckonings of their office whereof there be now adaies ouer many for when it is necessary for them to alter their order and that perforce they must quite change the forme and fashion that then they obserue they know not which way to beginne Therefore to the end his order and rankes may be to the purpose duely and directly changed and with facilitie disposed let him euer disseuer and diuide one part of his weapons from an other causing euery one to turne and enter into their rankes and order by themselues so shall hee proceed in taking away setting forward and intermixing one sort of rankes within another very orderly And thereby the full proportion of his band shall be framed as he hath determined or as it is deuised by him that commands either in marching forward and backward or in turning without disorder by 3. 5. 7. or 9. in a ranke as the Lieutenant Captaine or Sergeant maior appoints He ought euer to beware that in ordering the rankes and appointing the soldiers their places that they begin not to make debate or stomacke one another for dignitie of place the which doth oftentimes fall out to their great annoy and damage and the Officers tedious toile For in enterprises of great importance euen in the presence of the invading enemy some vaine-glorious fellowes are accustomed to striue for the chiefest places the which roomes by all reason and of dutie appertaine to the best
their Rankes at six foot distance and commanded silence that so euery one may heare the words of Command and to be ready to execute the same c. Front Reare To the right hand double your files BEcause there may be occasion of strengthning the Flankes as also for other purposes these words of Command are vsed To the right hand double your Files which is thus performed All the second file from the right hand march euery one behinde his side-man into the first or right hand File and so the fourth File into the third and the sixt into the fift c. which is done of all at one instant after the command is giuen The order whereof is plainely demonstrated in the Figure marked with 177. In which you may perceiue by the Starres from and to what place each man marcheth The Stars are onely set downe in the first and second Files but you are to vnderstand the same order in the third and fourth Files and so of all the rest c. Files as you were HAuing performed the former Motion the Captaine commands them Files as you were and then all those which doubled returne vnto their owne proper places the which is plainely demonstrated in the Figure marked with 179. by the Starres in the first and second Files the which order you must conceiue in the third and fourth fift and sixt c. To the left hand double your files THis Motion differeth little from that marked with 177. but that here the Motion is to the left hand as there it was to the right hand so that those Files which moued then stand still now and those which stood still then moue now all which is so plainly demonstrated by the Starres in the figure marked with 181. that it needs no further explanation Files as you were THe former Motion orderly performed the Captaine commands Files as you were and then those which doubled returne into their proper places according as you may plainely vnderstand by the figure pag 183. in which the Starres demonstrate both from what place they come and whither they march HAuing performed the doubling of Files in all points and orders demonstrated in my figures before this which was done with the shot in the right hand flanke of the pikes hereafter followeth the exercise in the very same forme and station of the Company where with I began the exercise of training the which Musketiers are diuided and placed in both the flankes of the pikes according to the figure in the next side pag. 185. Halfe Files to the right hand double your Ranckes IN the figure pag. 166. was shewed one way how that vpon occasion the Front might be strengthned here is another forme of strengthning the same which requireth two demonstrations or Figures for explanation In the first marked with D. is shewed the manner of acting this Motion and in the second marked with E. is demonstrated the action performed wherein you may perceiue how the sixt Rancke or as some improperly call them middle men doubleth the first Rancke the seuenth the second Rancke the eight the third Rancke the ninth the fourth Rancke and the tenth the fift Rancke Note that in performing this motion the halfe files of Pikes that doubled aduance their Pikes till they haue doubled and then order them D E Halfe Files as you were WHen they haue performed the former Motion according to the direction the Captaine commands Halfe Files as you were and then the halfe Files aduance their Pikes and fall backe with their right legge and so march into their proper places and then they are againe ten deepe at six foote distance according to the demonstration pag. 189. Note that in turning into their places euery one ought to turne to the right hand which is both easier and more pleasing to the eye then turning to the left hand Halfe Files to the left hand double your Ranckes THis Motion differeth nothing in effect from that before demonstrated in the 187. Figure the difference onely is that here the halfe Files which moue march vp to the left hand of the halfe Files that stand whereas according to those Figures they marched vp to the right hand of them The Figures marked pag. 191. make this very plaine Halfe Files as you were HAuing performed the former Motion the Captaine commands Halfe Files as you were and then the Halfe Files which doubled aduance their Pikes and fall backe with their right leg to be cleare of their Side-men and so march into their proper places turning into the same towards the left hand which done they will be in the forme marked with 193. Files to the Right hand Countermarch WHen a charge is expected in the Reare and it being thought conuenient to haue the Leaders of files to be in the places of the bringers vp because they are men best able to receiue the enemie it may be performed in this manner The Captaine commands Files to the right hand Counter-march and then the Leaders of Files aduancing with their right legge turne to the right hand and march downe towards the Reare all the body of the company mouing together and so the second rancke turning as the Front or Leaders of the files did when they haue marched vp to the place where the front was and so doth the third fourth and fift rankes c. The manner whereof is plainely demonstrated in the figure marked with B. and the figure marked with C. sheweth the motion performed B C Files to the left hand Counter-march THis Motion differeth nothing in vse from the former the difference of acting it is onely that there they aduance with the right legge and turne to the right hand and here they aduance with the left legge and turne to the left hand The manner of doing this is demonstrated in the next page marked with G. And the thing done in that marked with H. And therefore needs no further explanation G H The Postures of the Pike HAndle your Pike Aduance your Pike Shoulder your Pike To the right hand charge As you were To the left hand charge As you were To the Front charge As you were To the Reare charge As you were Aduance your Pike Porte your Pike Comport your Pike Traile your Pike Cheeke your Pike Aduance your Pike To your funerall posture traile your Pike Recouer your Pike Order your Pike Your open order at foote Your close order at foote To the Front charge To the right hand charge To the right hand charge To the right hand charge To the right hand charge Order your Pike Aduance your Pike Lay downe your Pike Take vp your Pike Shoulder your Pike Slope your Pike Leuell your Pike Traile your Pike Recouer your Pike Charge your Pike and aduance your ground Retreat charging Aduance your Pike Lay downe your Pike The Postures of the Musket HAndle your Musket Lay downe your Musket Lay downe your bandeleers Hold your Rest in your left hand Take vp your bandeleers with
bow and beare vp his body and so consequently to attaine to the leuell and practise of an assured and seruiceable shot readily charge and with a comely couch discharge making choise at the same instant of his marke with a quicke and vigilant eie His flaske and touch-box must keepe his pouder his purse and mouth his bullets in skirmish his left hand must hold his match and peece and the right hand vse the office of charging and discharging Being against the enemie whilst with an indented course he doth trauell his plaine ground or else takes aduantage of his place and inuasion as vnder the safegard of a trench the backe of a ditch old-wall tree or such like let him euer first load his peece with pouder out of his flaske then with her bullet and last with amuring and touch-pouder foreseeing euer that the panne bee cleane the couer close and the tutch-hole wide or else well proind so that still obseruing modest order in his trauerse neither ouerslow nor ouer-speedy to the entent he become not each mans marke through his sluggishnesse nor runne himselfe out of breath through his owne rashnesse for the most part keeping his side towards his enemie let him discharge going but neuer standing so shall he the better shunne the enemies shot and chuse his assured aduantage A souldier ought to be carefull that his furniture bee good substantiall and staunch from raine the charge of his flaske iust for his peece and the spring quicke and sharpe The pipe of his touch-box somewhat wide that the pouder may haue free passage which otherwise would choake vp In time of marching and trauelling by the way let him keepe a paper in the panne and tutch-hole and in wet weather haue a case for his peece somewhat portable or else of necessitie he must keepe the same from wet vnder his arme-hole or cassocke or by some other inuention free from damage of the weather and his match in his pocket onely that except which he burnes and that likewise so close in the hollow of his hand or some artificiall pipe of pewter hanging at his girdle as the coale by wet or water go not out It is moreouer requisite that a souldier keepe his cocke with oyle free in falling and his peece bright without rusting neither must he want his necessarie tooles as a scowrer tirebale and worme hauing euery one a vice to turne into the end of the scouring sticke so that if through wet weather or any other accident his peece will not be discharged the skilfull Souldier may with his tireball pull out his bullet with the worme the paper and wet pouder and with his scourer make his peece cleane within His scourer must be trimmed on the end with a linnen-cloth of a sufficient substance therewith to make cleane the cannon of his peece within The one end of his scouring sticke ought to haue a round end of bone of iust bignesse with the mouth of his peece therewithall at his pleasure to ramme in pouder and paper or in steed of paper such soft haire as they stuffe saddles withall the danger whereof is not like but this the Souldier must vse when time permits During the time of his seruice let him euer haue a diligent care to keepe his peece cleane and bright within and once a fortnight or at the least once a month take out the breech and throroughly view and wash the barrell within to see whether it hath any flawes brackes chambers frettings or ruptures which would endanger the breaking thereof especially if before hand the end of his bare scourer haue giuen him any cause to suspect such faults to the intent he may change the same for a new for feare of spoiling himselfe He that loues the saftie of his owne person and delights in the goodnesse and beauty of a peece let him alwaies make choise of one that is double breeched and if it be possible a myllan peece for they be of a tough and perfect temper light square and bigge of breech and very strong where the pouder doth lie and where the violent force of the fire doth consist and notwithstanding thinne at the end Our English peeces approach very neere vnto them in goodnesse and beautie their heauinesse only excepted so that they be made of purpose and not one of these common sale peeces with round barrells whereunto a beaten souldier will haue great respect and choose rather to pay double money for a good peece then to spare his purse and endanger himselfe But to returne to my matter let a souldier haue hanging euer at the strings of his tutch-box or some other readie part of his garment a couple of proyning pinnes at the least that if by fortune the tutch-hole of his peece be stopped or furred vp hee may therewith both make his pan cleane and yeeld a ready passage that the fire may haue her course by incorporating both the tutch-pouder without and the corne-pouder within together But a ready Souldier will alwaies fore-see that the tutch hole be so wide as the pouder without in the pan may haue free concourse to that within the peece thereby to hasten more speedy discharge considering a souldier cannot haue leasure and commoditie to proine his peece at all times but must of necessitie vse a great dexterity But since I am falne into the speech of a quicke charge and nimble discharge I will by the way declare the opinion of certaine nations therein Experience of late daies hath taught vs that those Nations which follow the warres inuent euery way how they may endomage the enemie in all their enterprises but especially in skirmish which for the most part consists in shot and by such as can with the eye of his minde make an assured leuell and with a nimble discharge both choose out and kill his enemie And therefore those souldiers which in our time haue beene for the most part leuied in the Low-countries especially those of Artoyes and Henault called by the generall name of Wallownes haue vsed to hang about their neckes vpon a baudricke or border or at their girdles certaine pipes which they call charges of copper and tin made with couers which they thinke in skirmish to bee the most readie way But the Spaniard dispising that order doth altogether vse his flaske The French-man both charge and flaske But some of our English-nation their pocket which in respect of the danger of the sparkes of their match the vncertaine charge the expence and spoile of pouder the discommoditie of wet I account more apt for the show of a triumph and wanton skirmish before Ladies and Gentlewomen then fit for the field in a day of seruice in the face of the enemy and in like sort the charge which either doth shed and loose his pouder whilst a Souldier doth trauerse his ground or else is so cloddered and rammed together that he shall be forced sometimes to faile of halfe his charge Therefore I conclude with
the Spaniard that a good flaske is that which is most warlike and ready in seruice without the curious helpe of any extraordinary inuention One of the greatest helpes consists in pouder and match for a Souldier must euer buy his pouder sharpe in taste well incorporate with salt-peter and not full of coole-dust Let him accustome to drie his pouder if hee can in the sunne first sprinkled ouer with Aqua-vitae or strong Claret-wine c. Let him make his tutch-pouder being finely sarsed and sifted with quick-pale which is to be bought at the Pouder-makers or Apothecaries and let his match be so boiled in ashes lye and pouder that it will both burne well carrie a long coale and that will not breake off with the touch of your finger The preparations will at the first touch giue fire and procure a violent speedy and thundering discharge Some vse brimstone finely poudered in their tutch-pouder but that furs and stops vp your breech and tutch-hole The bullet of a souldiers peece must be of a iust bignesse with the mouth of the same so that falling in smoothly it may driue downe and close vp the mouth of the pouder Some contrary to the lawes of the field vse chaine-shot and quarter-shot which is good in the defence of a breach to keepe a fortresse or vpon shipboard but being daily vsed it will gaule a peece within and put it in hazard to breake specially in a long skirmish when the barrell is hot Note that after his peece is very hoate let the Souldier if he can giue somewhat a lesse charge for feare of bursting his peece vnlesse he haue good triall thereof If the stocke of his peece be crooked he ought to place the end iust before aboue his left pappe if long and straight as the Spaniards vse them then vpon the point of his right shoulder vsing a stately vpright pace in discharge It is not in vaine to aduertise him that in skirmish hee must hold his peece betwixt his thombe and the ends of his fingers which I account a sure meane betwixt griping of the barrell and laying the same onely vpon his foremost finger and thombe for the one is ouer dangerous and the other altogether vnsteedy I iudge it likewise most conuenient for him to take hold of his peece with his left hand in that part of the wood wherein the barrell lies there as the peece is of most equall ballance Although some accustome themselues to hold it iust vnder the cocke by reason whereof he shall be enforced to change his hand if he charge out of a flaske into the midst of the peece to bring downe the mouth to his flaske which is great delay and hinderance in skirmish So to conclude he that meanes to be accompted a forward and perfect good shot by continuall exercise must be so ready that in all particular points touching his peece pouder match bullets and the vse of them that he neither be to seeke nor grow amazed in the furious rage of Bellonas fiery skirmishes her suddaine surprises and bloody slaughter of dangerous assaults of cruell battailes The Musket is to be vsed in all respects like vnto the Hargabuse saue that in respect he carries a double bullet and is much more weightie He vseth a staffe breast-high in the one end a pike to pitch in the ground and in the other an iron forke to rest his peece vpon and a hoale a little beneath the same in the staffe whereunto he doth adde a string which tied and wrapped about his wrest yeelds him commodity to traine his forke or staffe after him whilst he in skirmish doth charge his Musket afresh with pouder and bullet Now to speake somewhat of a Pike-mans charge a few words shall suffice because I will not be ouer-tedious Let him learne to tosse his pike couch and crosse the same to receiue the violent charge of Horse-men to front the furious shocke of foote-men and be able to furnish out his fight both a farre-off and neere hand Which Notes with the like will be sufficient by reason that he is for the most part put to stand in a maine and square-battaile Both the Hargabusier and Pike-man must weare a short rapier and a small poinado for if in the middest of Encounters and Skirmishes they be driuen to vse them their length is an occasion they cannot be drawne vnlesse he abandon his peece or pike whereby he shall either loose his pike or want his rapier which at the Sera and close is very necessarie both for defence and offence contrary to the carelesse custome of some whom I haue seene come into the field without rapier or dagger which was an assured argument that their heeles should be their target and their shamefull flight their safety when their pouder was spent Now as these carelesse persons farre misse the marke with ouer great securitie so some bring in a custome of too much curiositie in arming Hargabusiers for besides a peece flaske tutch-box rapier and dagger they loade them with a heauie shirt of male and a Burganet so that by that time they haue marched in the heat of the sommer or deepe of the winter ten or twelue English-miles they are more apt to rest then ready to fight whereby it comes to passe that either the enterprise they go about which requires celerity shall become frustrate by reason of the stay they make in refreshing themselues or else they are in danger to be repulsed for want of lustinesse breath and agilitie Wherefore in mine opinion it is not necessarie that this extraordinarie arming of shot should be vsed but in surprises of Townes Escalades and assaults of breaches to defend the Souldiers heads from stones and such stuffe as they besieged haue prepared to driue them from their enterprise Or else in some speciall set battaile against the cut and thrust of weapons which exploits for that they be not so ordinary as is the skirmish so are these armes nothing so necessarie but rather a burthen more beautifull then beneficiall and of greater charge then commoditie specially a shirt of male which is very dangerous for shot if a number of those small peeces should bee driuen into a mans body by a bullet The furniture due to a Pike-man besides his pike rapier and dagger consisting of a common corselet hauing a coller curiat tases back-part poldrowes wambrasses and burganets for the head for that they be sufficiently knowne because I will not be ouer prolixe vpon euery particular point I will onely say thus much more touching the Pike-man that he ought to haue his pike at the point and middest trimmed with handsome tassels and a handle not so much for ornament as to defend the Souldiers body from water which in raine doth runne downe alongst the wood Euery Souldier ought to carry his Hargabuse Pike or Halberd vpon that shoulder and side which is outward in ranke for that side which is discouered inward is more defended by the generall
Pikes Bringers vp Leaders Second diuision of Pikes Bringers vp Leaders Second diuision of Muskets Bringers vp AFter that the company hath marched in such order as aforesaid in the former figure then the first diuisiō of shot when they are come to the place where they should exercise traine or drill makes a stand and the first diuision of the pikes marcheth vp to the front with them on the left hand Then the second diuision of the pikes marcheth vp to the front with the first diuision of pikes on the left hand of them also lastly the second diuision of musketiers marcheth vp on the left hand of the second diuision of pikes which done they are commanded to stand right in their files and right in their rankes at 6 foote distance and commanded silence that euery one may heare the words of command and be ready to execute the same The figure on the other side pag. 149 sheweth the forme and station of the company all things performed as aforesaid note the distance is reckoned from the middle part of a man Front left flanke 〈…〉 Reare To the right hand The Company standing right in their files and rankes at six foote distance as in the figure before vnto which the Captaine hath an eye in the front and the Lieutenant in the Reare and the Sargeants in the flanks the Sargeants hauing an eare to the Captaine are ready to informe the company what he commands then the Captaine commands them to turne to the right hand and then they moue all togither keeping their left foote fixed and mouing with the right foote onely and hauing performed it the front is where the right hand flanke was as in the figure pag. 151 is plainely demonstrated Note that in or at their facing to any quarter the pikes are to auoide wearinesse ordered and the muskets shouldred for ease and fitnesse The reason of this motion is to make the company perfect to be sodainely prepared for a charge in the right hand flanke or wing As you were HAuing stood a while according to the forme in the former figure the Captaine commands As you were and then they moue all towards the left hand till their faces are turned to the first Front according to the demonstration pag. 153. To the left hand BEcause the enemie may sometimes charge on the left hand flanke therfore that you may sodainely be ready to defend your selues and for diuers other reasons this motion is vsed to turne to the left hand which is done by mouing the right foot the left foot standing still till your faces front towards the left hand flanke according to the demonstration pag. 155. As you were THen hauing performed the aforesaid motion the Captaine Commands As you were and then they moue all towards the right hand till they are turned to the first Front according to the demonstration pag. 157. To the right hand about BEcause there may be a charge giuen in the Reare therefore is this Motion to be practised to turne towards the right hand the left foote remaining fixed till your faces front to that Quarter which was before the Reare and then will they be ready to receiue the Enemie and defend themselues this forme is demonstrated in the next side marked with the number of 159. To the left hand as you were HAuing performed the former Motion the Captaine commands them To the left hand as you were and then they moue all towards the left hand the left foot remaining fixed vntill their faces are turned to the former front according to that of pag. 161. To the left hand about BEcause it is sometimes more conuenient to turne to the left hand then to the right therefore this Motion is also vsed which is to turne towards the left hand till their faces front to the Reare according to the figure in the pag. 163. To the right hand as you were HAuing performed the former Motion the Captaine cōmands them To the right hand as you were and then they turne all towards the right hand vntill their faces are towards the first Front as in the figure pag. 165. To the right hand double your Ranckes BEcause there will be an occasion sometimes to strengthen the Front it may one way be done thus when all in the second Rancke march vp into the first Rancke to the right or left hand according to the command as here to the right hand and all in the fourth Rancke march vp into the third and so of the rest as in the Example or Figure pag. 167. Where you may perceiue by the letters marked with a Starre that the motion is to the right hand and the Starres in the second fourth sixt eighth and tenth Ranckes shew the places from whence they moued and the figures in the lest flank demonstrating the number of your Ranckes which did moue being ten Ranckes as you may perceiue thereby Ranckes as you were HAuing performed the former motion the Captaine commands Ranckes as you were and then euery one marcheth into his owne place all at one instant and so are againe like the forme in the figure pag. 169. To the left hand double your Ranckes THis Motion differeth nothing in effect from that pag. 167. but that there those that doubled did it to the right hand of their Leaders and here they do it to the left hand which is plaine by the Starres in the Figure pag. 171. Ranckes as you were THe former motion performed the Captaine commands Ranckes as you were and then euery one that doubled marcheth into his owne place or Rancke and so are in forme againe according to the figure pag. 173. BEcause that there was an odde file of musketeares in either flanke and wing of my former figures and being desirous to make the double files perfit without intermixing the pikes with the shot I was forced therefore to change the forme of the Company and to place all the Musketeares in the Right hand flanke of the Pikes according to the demonstration in the other side marked with the number of 175. Note then to alter the forme of the former station and to bring the Company into the forme set downe in the other side as I said before you are to doe as followeth First you are to lead forth the Right wing of shot then the first diuision of Pikes which be in the right hand flanke of the second diuision of pikes and march with them to stand iust against the first diuision of musketeares on the left hand of them leauing a space to place the second diuision of shot betweene them both then you are to march vp with the second diuision of Pikes to stand on the left hand of the first diuision of Pikes Lastly the second diuision of Musketeares marcheth vp to stand on the left hand of the first diuision of Musketeares which will be on the right hand of the first diuision of Pikes which done they are commanded to stand right in their Files and right in
that very often being set vpon the Sentinels and corps de gard be repulsed and haue their throates cut to the great disturbance and vniuersall domage of the whole Campe. He must ordaine his watch in such a place that in the same at all times he may remaine warie and vigilant placing himselfe in the most high and eminent seate of all the corps de gard to the intent that hee may know and discerne in due time euery particular accident that shall happen or succeede and thereof immediately aduertise his Captaine of all that he may prouide remedy with speed according as the case requires warily and secretly euen at the closing of the night vntill the bright spring of the Diana and faire day-light he must ordaine and place Sentinels and often search and visite them with the aide of two of the Captaines Gentlemen of his company called of the Italians Lanze Spezzate or might be tearmed more aptly extraordinarie Lieutenants that he may alwaies remaine vigilant and assured to the intent he be not assailed vnprouided to his great domage and before he can giue warning of the enemie to the campe which doth rest and lie in safetie in that quarter where he is vnder his charge care and diligence In such cases he ought therefore to imploy the best men he hath that hee neuer rest deceiued in a matter of so great importance since that of those which be but meane Souldiers or as I may well tearme them negligent persons nothing else is to be looked for at their hands but error losse and danger Moreouer he must at the least cause the third part of his squadron to remaine and stand continually armed at all points both night and day consisting of greater or lesse quantity of people according as the suspition doth argue the neede of them to be small or great the Hargabusiers hauing their flaskes and furniture tied to their girdles and their peeces ready charged that vpon a suddaine they may contend by skirmish according to needfull occasion and readily resist the enemie without slacking or any remission of time vntill all the squadron be put in order He must be very circumspect that the rest of the souldiers weapons and principally his owne be laid vp and placed in such order one kinde being diuided from another that in one instant they may be speedily and readily armed the which he must daily put in practise and inure them withall by fained alarmes by speciall commandement and of set purpose which be most necessarie to be practised before hand for diuers honourable and important respects worthy to be had in good consideration Therefore let him haue and carie a continuall care that their armes neuer remaine in any confused order the which if he should suffer he should find no doubt to be a great want but the same may be preuented and made easie by accommodating the Hargabusiers in rancke one by one vpon a boord or banke the Pikes and Corslets in order reared and hanged vpon some wall or other apt place in the corps de gard and vpon each particular weapon and peece euery souldier should haue a proper and speciall marke before hand made whereby to know the same He ought daily to instruct his squadron euery one apart how to handle the weapon wherewith they serue the Hargabusier to charge and discharge nimbly the Pikeman to tosse his pike with great dexteritie Sentinels ought with great reason to be placed about the corps of gard to the intent the same may be defended and kept with more safety and securitie Hee himselfe at the closing of the night must place the first Sentinell and so consequently the rest instructing them orderly what manner they haue to obserue and how they ought to gouerne themselues in such accidents as might insue who are to remaine in Sentinell in winter and cold weather but one houre or two at the most but in sommer two or three houres before they be changed for which respect that euery one may be taxed with aequity let him first make a iust diuision of his number according to the number of the houres in the night and following that proportion let him see the same performed without fauouring or omitting any the which hee may the more certainely performe if the names of his Souldiers be written in a roll and when the houre glasse hath runne their time which is necessarie for him to haue in his corps de gard then to pricke their names and place new in their roomes so shall each Souldier be partaker of the trauaile and rest maruellously well satisfied But for that in wars canuisados surprises sallies such like casualties and aduertisements be infinite I will leaue the rest to his owne vigilant discretion and suppose it needlesse to aduertise him of euery particular point more then that I haue and will touch in this my first booke of Militarie directions as cases most proper for priuate Souldiers I therefore at this present thinke it sufficient for a Corporall to know that it is necessarie he should so dispose the matter through his prouident prouision that all his people may be reduced into order and already haue taken their weapons in their hands before the enemie giue charge vpon them And therefore in time and place of suspition and danger he must place lost Sentinels without the watch-word a good distance off from the corps de gard in places most suspect But in other places not needfull so much to be suspected and that be neerer him he ought to set Sentinels with the watch-word so farre one from an other as it shall seeme vnto him reasonable or requisite and that they may inuiron the ground one within the sight of an other or so that the enemy cannot enter or any espion issue without their knowledge If great occasion so demaund let him place together one Hargabusier and one armed Pike to the intent that the one may keepe the enemie farre off and in a certaine sort sustaine his fury at the point of his pike whilst the Hargabusier with the discharge of his peece giues Arme to the corps de gard and campe which exploit may be the better performed if a corporall-shippe of Pikemen bee ioyned together with an other of shot Sometimes without making any noyse or rumour Arme is giuen to the campe for one of the two Sentinels may retire and make relation to the Corporall what hath appeared been since heard or happened whereby he may speedily with great silence giue Arme to the gard without leauing the place of the Sentinell disarmed which they ought neuer to abandon but at such times as the enemie is manifestly discouered the occasion of the alarme being certaine at which time being retired they must vnite themselues together with the souldiers of the gard that they may all wholy in one company execute that which shall fall out best for their purpose which is to retire fighting or skirmishing to the campe according to ordinarie
approach conduct aduance against the enemies and to encounter animate comfort and also to encourage the company by word and deed as need serueth to retire continually maintaining skirmish vntill he haue recouered some place of safegard CHAP. IV. The office and dutie that appertaines to Lanze-spezzate voluntarie Lieutenants the Gentlemen of a Band or Caualliers of S. Georges squadrons THe sundry degrees whereunto valiant Souldiers with aspiring mindes seeke to ascend for that they be many and for that those which haue attained and serued in those roomes and other great offices by diuers sinister meanes and accidents be now and then disseuered and made frustrate from their charge as experience hath made many times apparant who yet neuerthelesse being naturally desirous to continue in seruice and perchance through forraine necessitie are driuen to remaine in pay in attending further preferment Therefore this place was first inuented for such persons as a speciall seat wherein the flower of warlike soldiers do sit like a greene Lawrell garland that doth environ the martiall head of a mighty Armie whose order for warlike force or fame giues not place to the Graecian Phalanges the chiefest of the Romane Legions or to the knightly constitution or couragious enterprises of those of Arthurs round table For there neither hath bin nor can be found any place of honor or reputation as to be a Gentleman of a Band whether we serue for pleasure or for profit or haue attained thereunto by merit or whether we haue bin Corporall Sargeant Alfierus or Lieutenant wherein Captaines sometimes do plant themselues specially in the Colonels Squadre and temporise the time vntill preferment doe fall for thereby their former reputation is nothing disgraced nor their charge had in or of any other company nothing derogated Considering that those in these Squadrons either are or ought to be soldiers of such policie and perfit experience that they be capable of any office vnder the degree of a Colonell and may supply any of those foresaid offices or performe any other enterprise of great importance commanded by the Captaine Colonell or Generall And for that many youths of noble parentage and Gentlemen of ancient houses doe likewise follow the warres I would that vpon due tryall of their merit they should enter into these Squadrons which the Prince or Generall is to confirme and make a distinct order of valiant aduentrous soldiers and call them Caualliers of S. Georges Squadrons or some such other title at whose entrance thereinto they shall take a solemne oath appertayning to their order and their Corporall shall invest them with some Bandroll Medall or Scarfe whereupon is pourtrayed S. George his armes which they must be bound to weare openly at all times and in all places enterprises skirmishes battailes and assaults I do not put this title for a generall rule but only as an example for instance the title may be as authoritie shall thinke fit It is requisite that a singular good soldier being the Gentleman of a band and Cauallier of S. George his squadron if he meane to gaine the grace and fauour of his Captaine and Colonell that not onely he be sufficiently valiant and wise as of necessitie is required at his hands but it is also conuenient for him to be reasonable well horsed and to haue in store all sorts of armes as a Halberd Harquebuse for the match or fire-locke Armour and Target of proofe his Lance and case of Pistolets his Pike his Pertisan or Epien to go the Round withall that he may both day and night varie and change his armes at the offer of all enterprises and as change of seruice doth call him forth He must alwaies of necessitie haue more than one seruant and ought to apparell him in gallant order these are to be neere his elbow to follow him with his armes He ought alwaies to lodge himselfe as neere as is possible to the lodging of his Colonell or Captaine to the intent that either armed or without armes he may alwayes according as the cause doth require be about his person either on horseback or on foot for that the principall guard of this singular personage that is to say the Colonell or Captaine doth consist in the diligence and custody of the Caualliers of S. George his squadrons for so I will be bold to call them though the title be to be varied These things notwithstanding day and night when it fals to his lot or that he shall be commanded by his Corporall to watch he must dispose himselfe to be able to make particular guard and that after a most exquisite order wherein he must haue speciall care without making refusall at any time to performe that which shall be appointed him by his Corporall or by any other that shall command in the name of his Colonell or Captaine His office in time of watch for the most part consists in going the Round searching the watch keeping good order in the Corps of Guard in being a Coadiutor to the officer that guides the company or rules the watch and is for the most part exempted from standing Sentinell and such like duties of a common soldier vnlesse great necessitie or speciall seruice constraine It appertaines to him to haue good experience in going the Round that in performing the same he may discreetly gouerne in the ouersight of the watch called the Sopraguardia for in this point doth very much consist the prouident good order and forme that is to be obserued in auoyding the stratagems surprises sallies and deceits of the enemie Approching neere to the Sentinell he must giue eye and diligent regard in what order and sort he doth finde him vigilant how ready he is in demanding and taking the word and after comming neerer him he must examine all that hath passed or fallen out whilest he hath bin in Sentinell and the order he doth obserue and what hath bin appointed him to doe the which if it be good he must confirme and when he doth finde it to be otherwise he must reherse and refer the same to the Corporall of the Sentinell that he may vse diligent redresse Arriuing in any Corps de guard he must aboue all things aduertise them that they alwaies keepe fire light for the necessarie commoditie of the Harquebusiers and for light in the night taking order with the soldiers that they and their armes may remaine in a forcible readines through which his good instruction there may grow to be no want and so consequently he must in like cases proceed with like prouident diligence After this he must with great consideration and modestie examine euery particular thing carrying a minde with himselfe to continue and increase the same from better to better and both in himselfe and to them vse necessarie aduertisements and in such sort shall he passe through all the Corps de guards and Sentinels If it chance him to incounter another Sopraguardia or Round to shun the occasion of dangerous difference which
The first is when euery one is distant from his fellow 6 foote square that is in File and Ranke 6 foote The second is when euery soldier is 3 foote distant one from another as well in File as in Ranke And in respect the measure of such distances cannot alwaies be taken euenly by the racke of the eye the distance of 6 foote betweene the files is measured when the soldiers stretching out their armes doe touch one anothers hands and betwixt the Rankes when that the ends of their pikes come very neere to the hams of them that march before them And the distance of 3 foot betwixt the Files is when their elbowes touch one another and betwixt their Rankes when they come to touch the ends of one anothers Rapiers or swords In marching in the field the distance of 3 foote from File to File is kept and of 6 foote from Ranke to Ranke when the soldiers order themselues in battell and also when they march towards the enemie the distance of 3 foote both in File and Ranke is to be obserued And likewise in conuersion or wheeling The musketiers making ready to shoote by rankes keepe the same distance of 3 foote but going to skirmish they goe a la disabande that is out of order There is also vsed another order of distance which is seldome obserued but for to receiue the enemie with a firme stand and serueth for the pikes onely for the musketiers cannot stand so close in files because they must haue their armes at liberty and that is when euery distance from file to file is a foote and a halfe and 3 foote from Ranke to Ranke and this last distance is thus commanded Close your selues throughly But it is not to be taught the soldiers for that when necessitie shall require it they will close themselues too much of their owne accord without command How Pikes are to be raised vp and abased in closing and opening of a battaile I Will not omit to put in memorie vnto them that know not of the particulars of those things and order that are required in making a battell of footmen Therefore those which would make a battell of footmen must be aduertised that in shutting vp the said battell the ranks of pikes as well armed as vnarmed must not raise vp confusedly but with order that is when the Sargeant maior Captaine or Lieutenant shall say Raise or right vp your Pikes then it is requisite that the first and formost Ranke must begin to raise vp it selfe and that the second doe not moue to raise vp it selfe till the first be raised vp and so the third and fourth the same order is to be obserued in all the other Rankes from one Ranke to an other The like Rule is to be obserued by them in laying downe of their pikes vpon their shoulders for so much as Ranke by Ranke in order and without confusion they ought to let fall their pikes appointing the first Ranke to fall after the second the third after the fourth and so is all the rest of the Rankes to follow the same order till the hindermost Ranke of all And by obseruing that order they cannot commit disorder but rather make a gallant shew and preuent many confusions How Pikes are to be carried in aray march or battell with also other necessarie notes THose that are appointed to carry pikes in array of Rankes or battell must know that pikes amongst all other weapons that belong to soldiers is of greatest honor and credit And truely whosoeuer doth carry and manage the same weapon well and with good grace doth make a very beautifull and pleasant shew to the beholders and chiefly when it is caried with a good grace as I haue said before and with il combedo alto And as touching the obseruation of shouldring of pikes to wit that there is a new order obserued in the Low Countries now of late the Commanders there will haue the pikes to be carried vpon the right shoulder and not to remoue or change to the left shoulder at all Note also that the Pike-man doe march then with a good grace holding vp his head gallantly his pace full of grauitie and estate and such as is fit for his person And let his body be straight and as much vpright as is possible And that which most imports is that they haue alwaies their eyes vpon their companions which are in ranke with them and before them going iust one with the other and keeping perfit distance without committing error in the least pace or step and euery pace and motion with one accord and consent they ought to make at one instant time And in this sort all the rankes intirely are to march sometimes softly sometimes fast according to the strokes of the drumme the heele and the tippe of their pikes would be equally holden both of length and height as neere as is possible to auoid that they fall not out to be seeme by bearing them otherwise like vnto Organ-pipes some long some short The measure and propertie thereof to hold the heele of the pike is this it is necessarie for him to haue an eie to the ranke that doth march before him and so carrie the Butt-end or heele of his pike that it may be iust ouer against the ioynt of the hamme of the souldier that in march shall be straight before him And so euery one from hand to hand must obserue the proportion of that height And that is right behind vpon the ioynt of the knee for by doing so they cannot commit errour carying in their march that legge that is vnder that arme that sustaines and caries the Pike of iust and euen proportion by mouing their pace right-vnder the staffe of the pike going in their march as I haue said before iust and euen with a stately and sumptuous pace for by doing so they shall be esteemed honoured and commended of all the Lookers on and they will take wonderfull delight to behold them march in that order And whereas I haue said before that the Souldiers should march forward with one consent I meane not onely that the Pike men ought to obserue that order but also that the musketeares are to follow the same rule of order because that the whole company must be ready to march forward at one instant time obseruing the true strokes or battery of the drumme which actiue obseruation may well be compared to a Dancer for the one by hearing his musicke is prepared to tread the measure answerable to the time And the other by hearing the warlike and comfortable stroke of the drum is ready to aduance his pace and march forward The Officer is to pace towards his people so to giue the word and so to lead march and also obseruing the strokes of the drum the first ranke being the file leaders it to follow their Leader The second ranke euery one to follow his pile-leader also The third fourth and fift rankes and so the
your right hand Put on your bandeleers Take vp your Musket Bring your Rest to your Musket Open your pann Prime your pann Shut your pann Cast off your loose powder Beare ouer your Musket into your left hand Traile your Rest Charge your Musket Draw forth your skowring stick Short your scowring flick against your right side Ram downe your powder Draw forth your skowring stick Short your skowring sticke Returne your skowring sticke Bring forward your Musket into your right hand Recouer your Rest Poyse your Musket Bring your Rest to the right side of your Musket Beare your Rest and Musket in your left hand Draw your match Blow your match Cock your match Try your match Guard your pann Blow your match Present to the Front Giue fire Take downe your Musket Vncock your match Returne your match Blow your pann Prime your pann Shut your pann Shoulder your Musket carrying your Rest in your left hand Slope your Musket Vnshoulder your Musket Rest your Musket Stand to your saluting Posture Lay downe your Musket The first order of exercising Musketiers FIrst vnderstand that they are three foote in File and three foote in Rancke hauing a diuision in the middest of six foote then the Captaine bids the two first Ranckes Make ready and marcheth with them some fiue or six paces before the rest of the Company and bids the first Rancke Giue fire which it doth and then marcheth away turning to the right hand the one halfe marching by the right hand Flancke and the other halfe through the middest of the body and so fall euery one into his owne File in the Reare and then the Captaine commands the second Rancke to giue fire which performes all as aforesaid and then two Ranckes more aduance in the former order and so they may continue discharging with ten Ranckes a long time The Demonstration pag. 201. makes this very plaine to which I refer you for speculation This order is of great vse to winne ground vpon an enemie The second Order of Exercising Musketiers IN the former Demonstration was shewed an Order of winning ground vpon an enemy in this the contrary of loosing ground or retraiting is shewed and yet to offend the enemy The distances and diuision being obserued as in the former Figure the Captaine in the Reare commands To the right hand about and giue fire and then the Rancke in the Reare performes the same and presently after they march into the Front euery man into his owne File the one halfe march on the left hand File and the other halfe through the middest of the body Then the Captaine commands againe To the right hand about and giue fire which the Rancke then in the Reare performes as aforesaid and so forth infinitely all which in the Demonstration pag. 203. is made plaine and easie The thrid Order of exercising Musketiers THe whole Company being three foote distant in Files and Ranckes without any diuision as aforesaid the Captaine marching in the Front commands Right Flanck to the right hand giue fire then the right hand File turneth towards the right hand and performes the same and the rest of the body continues marching till they be cleare of that File which gaue fire and then the Captaine commands againe as before which the then right File performes the rest of the body marching and so in like manner till all the Files haue discharged The order hereof is demonstrated pag. 205. If there be occasion to discharge on the left hand Flancke the same order is to be obserued as on the right hand Flancke Note that when the second File hath discharged that then the first File marcheth vp to Front with it and both those with the third File when it hath discharged and so forth till all front with the last File and then they are ready to discharge againe if occasion require The fourth Order of Exercising Muskettieres THis fourth way in vse is all one with the third order the difference is onely in the manner of performing the same for according to this order the depth of the Company is diuided by making the fift and sixt Ranckes sixe foote distance each from other The Captaine marching in the Front commands Right Flancke to the right hand and giue fire which the right File doth and then halfe thereof march through the Diuision and the other halfe in the Reare and so march on the left hand of the left hand Flancke euery man into his owne Rancke the order whereof is plainly demonstrated in the Figure marked pag. 207. The fift Order of Exercising Muskettieres THis Order is another kinde of loosing ground the Captaine in the Front commands Make ready altogether and then saith to the first Rancke giue fire which done the one halfe of that Rancke marcheth downe into the Reare on the right hand of the right hand Flancke and the other halfe through the midst of the body which for that end is diuided euery man falling into his owne File Then the Captaine saith likewise to the second Rancke Giue fire which it doth and fals into the Reare as the first did and so the third fourth fift c. The manner whereof is demonstrated in the Figure marked with 209. Note that here the whole body stands still and are onely in motion by particular Ranckes when they haue discharged till they come againe into their proper Files in the Reare and then stand still againe till they haue redischarged Close your Files both waies at a foote and halfe IF a charge of Horse be expected then the foote are to be in the closest order which is one foote and a halfe in Rancke and three foote in File The words of command for closing Files are diuers as Close your Files to the right hand or Close your Files to the left hand or Close your Files both waies the last whereof is most commonly vsed and therefore I haue demonstrated that order as you may perceiue in the Figure marked pag. 211. Note also that because I desired to obserue the distances precisely in all the Figures that therefore the Printer was forced to change the Letters in this and some other Figures and in steed of M. for Muskettiere hath placed S. for Shot which I thought good to giue notice of for thy better vnderstanding Close your Ranckes at three foote THe Files being closed at a foote and halfe demonstrated in the Figure marked in pag. 211 the Captaine then commands Close your Ranckes at three foote or at Swords point which is the closest order for Ranckes the which is plainly demonstrated in the Figure marked in pag. 213. To the right hand wheele VPon occasion of the Enemies charge on the right hand Flancke to receiue him with the most able men which are vsually in the Front it may be performed by commanding them To the right hand wheele and then the Leader of the right hand File standeth fixed onely turning his body and all the rest moue vpon him as the centre according to the Demonstration pag. 215. Note that the Officers must be very carefull to command and see them to keepe their distances in Rancke and File without which this Motion will not bee gracefully acted To the left hand wheele THis Motion differeth from the former pag. 215 only in this that here the Leader of the left hand File standeth fixed as there the Leader of the right hand File did which by the forme of the Demonstration marked with A. you may easily vnderstand THere is another way which I haue seene Graue Maurice his guard to wheele viz. to moue vpon the middle of the Front and then if they wheele to the right hand All to the right hand of the middle of the Front go backwards and the rest forward and if they wheele to the left hand then all to the left hand of the middle of the Front goe backwards and the rest forwards All which is most plainely vnderstood by obseruing the Demonstration marked with B. In which and the two former Figures is a Starre placed neere the centre on which the Company moues A B Open your Ranckes backwards TO open the Ranckes vnderstand that the Front or first Rancke standeth still and the other nine Rancks fall backwards altogither till the second Rancke be six foote distant from the Front and then it stands still and the rest of the body moues till the third Rancke be six foote distant from the second Rancke and so till the fourth Rancke be distant six foote from the third and all the rest of the Ranckes in order The manner whereof I haue demonstrated in the Figure marked M. and the thing done in the Figure marked N. M N Open your Files both wayes IN opening the Files halfe the body moues towards the right hand and the other halfe towards the left hand in grosse and then the two middle-most Files when they are 6 foote distant stand still the rest of the body continues mouing both wayes till the next two Files are distant six foote from the former which stood still and so the Motion continues in this order till all the Files haue taken their distance of six foote each from other The manner whereof is demonstrated in the Figure marked with E. and the thing done in the Figure marked with F. Thus much for the manner of exercising footemen fully performed after the right order and moderne vse of Theoricke Rules accustomed in these dayes Now lastly you are to lead forth your souldiers by fiue and fiue in Rancke in like order as is set downe in the Figure of the order how a Company should march Note that the Captaine marching out of the field most commonly doth march in the Reare of his Company and his Lieutenant in the Front the rest of the Officers are to march in like order as is demonstrated in the order of march except you do troope out of the Field for then you are to alter c. howsoeuer you are to conduct the Colours to the place where they are to be laid vp where hauing made a guard the Captaine and his Officers repairing to the Colours being within the said guard and towards the Front he saith to the Drum or Drums Beat vp a discharge which being done with sometimes a volley of shot giuen and the Colours wrapped and folded vp euery man departs to his home c. E F FINIS
but we shall be cited and called without appeale CHAP. VI. Briefe Notes of other meane offices as Drummes Fifes Surgeons and the Clarke of the Band. DRummes and Fifes must be chosen of able qualities and personage secret and ingenious skilfull in the sound and vsing of their instruments which must warne as the mouth of a man to all intents of seruice diligent in times conuenient to instruct Souldiers in the same that none by ignorance neglect their duties These be oftentimes sent on messages importing charge which of necessitie require languages somtimes to summon or command the enemies to render sometimes carie ransomes or redeeme or conduct Prisoners Many other things to them doe appertaine as before is rehearsed c. A Chyrurgion is necessarie to be had in euery band who ought to be an honest man sober and of good counsell skill in his science able to heale and cure all kind of sores wounds and griefes to take a bullet out of the flesh and bone and to slake the fire of the same and that he haue all his tooles and instruments with other necessary stuffe as oyles balmes salues stepres roulers bolsters splenters and all other things to the science belonging which also ought to haue courage for his patient and allowed stuffe he shall readily imploy his industrie vpon the sore and wounded and not intermedling with others to his owne charge noisome Such be placed with the Ensigne and lodged neere to the Captaine and neere their baldrickes in time of fight which by law of the field is their charter The Clarke of a band would be a man chosen of a discreete behauiour such a one as hath the vse of his penne and skilfull in Arithmetike who must haue a booke in the which he must write all the names of the Souldiers appertaining to the band diuiding euery weapon by themselues that they may be the readier to be mustred and otherwise to be placed in order of march at watch and ward the clarke must be attentiue with his booke to call uery mans name to see who is absent and that certificate thereof be made vnto the Captaine who must as before is rehearsed without sicknesse or some licence of the head Officers see him or them punished to the example of all others He must sometimes in the watch and ward read vnto the souldiers the Military lawes and directions causing first a solemne silence to be made and then proceed in reading examining and conferring with euery particular and common souldier touching his memorie of these things for his full instruction Also the Clarke is to take charge of the Captaines munition who seeing it deliuered vnto the souldiers must take note how much is deliuered vnto whom and what day of the moneth it is deliuered with the prise Likewise he must repaire to the Clarke of the victuals and by the Captaines warrant receiue such bread beere and other victuals as is to be had and to deliuer it to those that shall be thought by the Captaine to be of credit to victuall the band by the Princes price and to take tickets of them as well for that it is deliuered vnto them as what they doe deliuer vnto souldiers Also he must in the Captaines name and by his warrant repaire vnto the Merchants and other Artificers and take such wares as the Officers and souldiers haue need of who must at the pay day by the Captaine be answered Also prouided that the Victualler alloweth but the Souldier six-pence a day the ouerplus goeth to their paiment of furniture and apparell The Clarke must oft peruse the tickets to see that no more be deliuered then their wages come to that the Captaines thereby receiue no losse The Clarke ought to inquire when any be departed this world also when any be slaine and discharged the band and to make a iust note thereof whereby certificate may be made to the Muster-master that the Prince in no waies may be hindered neither the Captaines by the Victuallers receiue any detriment or losse Finally he must vpon the report of the Corporals or other Officers finde and procure of the Captaines reliefe for the sicke and wounded Souldiers and Prisoners which ought to be redeemed out of the enemies hand CHAP. VII The Prelates charge that takes care of SOVLDIERS of the BAND TO knit vp this first discourse of Militarie Directions and Martiall lawes speciall care must be had to prouide one man amongst the many scores of Souldiers that may gouerne and direct in spirituall causes who ought to be wise learned honest sober patient and of exemplar life who must offer vp daily praiers for his whole companie must instruct them to be penitent and to restore to euery man his right to communicate in Catholike and Christian manner so often as they can chiefly at speciall times appointed by the Church and before any dangerous attempt to feede them with holesome foode of learned instructions wherein they may learne how to liue and so consequently to teach their companies their duties towards God and their Prince and to giue ghostly counsell and spirituall reliefe vnto the sicke wounded weake in body or in conscience and that such be well armed with spirituall armour that is with good knowledge and good liuing ready to perswade them manfully to withstand their enemies the flesh the deuill the world and desperation putting them in sure hope through the equitie of their cause their conformitie to the Church and their firme faith in our Sauiour Iesus Christ to enter into the campe of euerlasting life where they shall ride amongst the Souldiers on white Horses clothed in white and pure silke crowned with bright triumphant garlands as the Scriptures doe witnes This and such like belongs vnto such personages as take care of the souldiers in a warlike band Now then to conclude and to make an end of my first discourse I would wish all valiant minded souldiers carefully to carrie in minde those precepts which are proper and due vnto a priuate Souldier which I partly haue collected and set downe in this short pamphlet that when he shall be called vnto an hier office he may deseruedly ascend the third step of Martiall office and so by degrees rise to the height of supreame gouernment CHAP. VIII How Pikes are to be carried in aray march or battaile THose that are appointed to carie Pikes in aray of rankes or battell must know that Pikes amongst all other weapons that belongs to Souldiers is of greatest honour and credite and truely whosoeuer doth carie and manage the same weapon well and with good grace doth make a very beautifull and pleasant shew to the Beholders and chiefly when it is caried vpon the shoulder sustained and supported with a good grace and the hand that doth sustaine it be on that side the shoulder where it is placed and with il Gombedo alto They must likewise be aduertised which march in the formost rankes if they be vpon the right side to