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A12615 Virginia richly valued, by the description of the maine land of Florida, her next neighbour out of the foure yeeres continuall trauell and discouerie, for aboue one thousand miles east and west, of Don Ferdinando de Soto, and sixe hundred able men in his companie. Wherin are truly obserued the riches and fertilitie of those parts, abounding with things necessarie, pleasant, and profitable for the life of man: with the natures and dispositions of the inhabitants. Written by a Portugall gentleman of Eluas, emploied in all the action, and translated out of Portugese by Richard Hakluyt.; Relaçam verdadeira dos trabalhos que ho governador dom Fernando de Souto e certos fidalgos portugueses passarom no descobrimento da Frolida. English. Hakluyt, Richard, 1552?-1616. 1609 (1609) STC 22938; ESTC S122013 119,248 188

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Cayas because they had informed him that it was well inhabited He threatned the Cacique charging him to tell him where hee was and he and other Indians which were taken neere about that place affirmed that this was the towne of Cayas and the best that was in that Countrie and that though the houses were distant the one from the other yet the ground that was inhabited was great and that there was great store of people and many fields of Maiz. This towne was called Tanico Tanico he pitched his Campe in the best part of it neere vnto a Riuer The same day that the Gouernour came thither he went a league farther with certaine horsemen and without finding any people hee found many skinnes in a pathway which the Cacique had left there that they might bee found in token of peace For so is the custome in that Countrie CHAP. XXVI How the Gouernour discouered the Prouince of Tulla and what happened vnto him THe Gouernor rested a moneth in the Prouince of Cayas In which time the horses fattened and thriued more then in other places in a longer time with the great plentie of Maiz and the leaues thereof which I thinke was the best that hath been seene and they dranke of a lake of very hot water and somewhat brackish A lake of hot and somewhat brackish water Store of salt made at Cayas and they dranke so much that it swelled in their bellies when they brought them from the watering Vntill that time the Christians wanted salt and there they made good store which they carried along with them The Indians doe carrie it to other places to exchange it for skinnes and mantles They make it along the Riuer which when it ebbeth leaueth it vpon the vpper part of the sand And because they cannot make it without much sand mingled with it they throw it into certaine baskets which they haue for that purpose broad at the mouth and narrow at the bottom and set it in the aire vpon a barre and throw water into it and set a small vessell vnder it wherein it falleth Being strained and set to boile vpon the fire when the water is sodden away the salt remaineth in the bottome of the pan On both sides of the Riuer the Countrie was full of sowne fields and there was store of Maiz. The Indians durst not come ouer where wee were when some of them shewed themselues the souldiers that saw them called vnto them then the Indians passed the Riuer and came with them where the Gouernor was He asked thē for the Cacique They said that he remained quiet but that he durst not shew himselfe The Gouernour presently sent him word that he should come vnto him and bring him a guide and an interpretour for his iournie if he made account of his friendship and if he did not so he would come himselfe to seeke him and that it would bee the worse for him Hee waited three daies and seeing he came not he went to seeke him and brought him prisoner with 150. of his men He asked him whether hee had notice of any great Cacique which way the Countrie was best inhabited Hee answered that the best Countrie thereabout was a Prouince toward the South a day and an halfes iournie which was called Tulla and that he could giue him a guide but no interpretour because the speech of that Countrie was different from his and because he and his ancestors had alwaies warres with the Lords of that Prouince therefore they had no commerce nor vnderstood one anothers language Immediatly the Gouernour with certaine horsemen and 50. footemen departed toward Tulla to see if the Countrie were such as hee might passe through it with all his companie and assoone as he arriued there Tulla and was espied of the Indians the Countrie gathered together and assoone as 15. and 20. Indians could assemble themselues they set vpon the Christians and seeing that they did handle them shrewdly and that the horsemen ouertooke them when they fled they gat vp into the tops of their houses and sought to defend themselues with their arrowes and being beaten downe from one they gat vp vpon another And while our men pursued some others set vpon them another way Thus the skirmish lasted so long that the horses were tired and they could not make them runne The Indians killed there one horse and some were hurt There were 15. Indians slaine there and 40. women and boies were taken prisoners For whatsoeuer Indian did shoot at them if they could come by him they put him to the sword The Gouernour determined to returne toward Cayas before the Indians had time to gather a head and presently that euening going part of the night to leaue Tulla he lodged by the way and the next day came to Cayas The Gouernor commeth againe to Tulla with all his companie and within three daies after he departed thēce toward Tulla with all his companie He carried the Cacique along with him and among all his men there was not one found that could vnderstand the speech of Tulla He staied three daies by the way and the day that he came thither he found the towne abandoned for the Indians durst not tarrie his comming But assoone as they knew that the Gouernour was in Tulla the first night about the morning watch they came in two squadrons two seuerall waies with their bowes and arrowes and long staues like pikes Assoone as they were descried both horse and foot sallied out vpon them where many of the Indians were slaine And some Christians and horses were hurt Some of the Indians were taken prisoners whereof the Gouernour sent sixe to the Cacique Indians haue their right hands and noses cut off with their right hands and noses cut off and sent him word that if he came not to him to excuse and submit himselfe that hee would come to seeke him and that hee would doe the like to him and as many of his as hee could find as hee had done to those which hee had sent him and gaue him three daies respit for to come And this he gaue them to vnderstand by signes as well as hee could for there was no interpretour At the three daies end there came an Indian laden with Oxe hides Oxe hides He came weeping with great sobs and comming to the Gouernour cast himselfe downe at his feete He tooke him vp and he made a speech but there was none that vnderstood him The Gouernour by signes commanded him to returne to the Cacique and to will him to send him an interpretor which could vnderstand the men of Cayas The next day came three Indians laden with oxe hides Oxe hides and within three daies after came 20. Indians and among them one that vnderstood them of Cayas Who after a long oration of excuses of the Cacique and praises of the Gouernour concluded with this that he and the other were come thither on the Caciques
two mon●ths ●pace to wit all March an● Ap●●ll which was nine leagues off and on the other side the Indians said that it reached other nine leagues into the land In the towne where the Christians were which was somewhat high ground where they could best goe the water reached to the stirrops They made certaine rafts of timber and laid manie boughes vpon them wheron they set their hors●s and in the houses they did the like But seeing that n●thing preuailed they went vp to the lofts and if they went out of the houses it was in canoes or on horsebac● in those places where the ground was hiest So they were two moneths and could doe nothing during which time the Riuer decreased not The Indians ceased not to come vnto the brigantines as they were wont and came in canoes At that time the Gouernour feared they would set vpon him Hee commanded his men to take an Indian secretly of those that came to the towne and to stay him till the rest were gone and they tooke one The Gouernour commanded him to bee put to torture to make him confesse whether the Indians did practise any treason or no. Hee confessed that the Caciques of Nilco The grand conspiracie of the Indians against the Christians Guachoya Taguanate and others which in al were about 20. Caciques with a great number of people determined to come vpon him and that three daies before they would send a great present of fish to colour their great treason and malice and on the verie day they would send some Indians before with another present And these with those which were our slaues Note well which were of their conspiracie also should set the houses on fire and first of all possesse themselues of the lances which stood at the doores of the houses and the Caciques with all their men should bee neere the towne in ambush in the wood and when they saw the fire kindled should come and make an end of the conquest The Gouernour commanded the Indian to be kept in a chaine and the selfesame day that he spake of there came 30. Indians with fish Hee commanded their right hands to be cut off Thirtie Indians of the Cacique o Guac●●ya haue their righ● hands cut off and sent them so backe to the Cacique of Guachoya whose men they were He sent him word that he and the rest should come when they would for he desired nothing more and that hee should know that they thought not any thing which he knew not before they thought of it Hereupon they all were put in a very great feare And the Caciques of Nilco and Taguanate came to excuse themselues and a few daies after came he of Guachoya and a principal Indian and his subiect said he knew by certain● information That the Caciques of Nilco and Taguanate were agreed to come and make warre vpon the Christians Assoone as the Indians came from Nilco the Gouernour examined them and they confessed it was true Hee deliuered them presently to the principall man of Guachoya which drew them out of the towne and killed them Another day came some from Taguanate The right hands and noses of traitours cut off and confessed it likewise The Gouernour commanded their right hands and noses to be cut off and sent them to the Cacique wherewith they of Guachoya remained very well contented and they came oftentimes with presents of mantles and fish and hogs Hogg●s in Flo●ida which bred in the Countrie of some swine that were lost by the way the last yeere Assoone as the waters were slaked they perswaded the Gouernour to send men to Taguanate They came and brought canoes wherein the footemen were conueied downe the Riuer and a Captaine with horsemen went by land and the Indians of Guachoya which guided him till they came to Taguanate Taguanate taken assaulted the towne and took many men and women and mantles which with those that they had alreadie were sufficient to supplie their want The brigandines being finished in the moneth of Iune Iune The Riuer increaseth but once a were wh●n the snowes doe me●● in March and Aprill A ●●●●calous ●●●ent the Indians hauing told vs That the Riuer increased but once a yeere when the snowes did melt in the time wherein I mentioned it had alreadie increased being now in sommer and hauing not rained a long time it pleased God that the flood came vp to the towne to seeke the brigandines from whence they carried them by water to the Riuer Which if they had gone by land had been in danger of breaking and splitting their keeles and to bee all vndone because that for want of iron the spikes were short and the planckes and timber were very weake The Indians of Minoya during the time that they were there came to serue them being driuen thereunto by necessity that of the Maiz which they had taken from them they would bestow some crummes vpon them And because the Countrie was fertill and the people vsed to feed of Maiz and the Christians had gotten all from them that they had and the people were many they were not able to sustaine themselues Those which came to the towne were so weake and feeble that they had no flesh left on their bones and many came and died neere the towne for pure hunger and weakenesse The Gouernour commanded vpon grieuous punishments to giue them no Maiz. Yet when they saw that the hogges wanted it not and that they had yeelded themselues to serue them considering their miserie and wretchednes hauing pity of thē they gaue them part of the Maiz which they had And when the time of their embarkment came there was not sufficient to serue their owne turnes That which there was they put into the brigandines and into great canoes tied two and two together They shipped 22. of the best horses that were in the Camp the rest they made dried flesh of and dressed the hogges which they had in like manner They departed from Minoya the second day of Iulie 1543. CHAP. XXXVII As the Christians went downe the great Riuer on their voyage the Indians of Quigalta did set vpon them and what was the successe thereof THe day before they departed from Minoya they determined to dismisse al the men women of the Countrie which they had detained as slaues to serue them saue some hundred little more or lesse which the Gouernour embarked and others whom it pleased him to permit And because there were many men of qualitie whom he could not deny that which he granted to others he vsed a policy saying that they might serue them as long as they were in the Riuer but when they came to the sea they must send them away for want of water because they ha● but few vessels He told his friends in secret that they should carrie theirs to Nueua Espanna And all those whom hee bare no good will vnto which were the greater number ignorant