Selected quad for the lemma: hand_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
hand_n	file_n	right_a	stand_v	13,527	5	8.7093	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A08347	The gunner shevving the vvhole practise of artillerie: vvith all the appurtenances therevnto belonging. Together with the making of extra-ordinary artificiall fireworkes, as well for pleasure and triumphes, as for warre and seruice. VVritten by Robert Norton, one of his Maiesties gunners and enginiers.	Norton, Robert, d. 1635.; Bry, Theodor de, 1528-1598, engraver.	1628 (1628)	STC 18673; ESTC S115254	149,353	214

The Gunner may keepe that thicknesse or dispart in his hands and take his leuell by the mettall as the fashion is vntill thereby he discerne the marke and them both to bee in one right visuall line And then setting on the dispart vpon the muzzle ring duly and bringing downe the mouth of the peece vntill the said marke and the top of the dispart and the highest of the mettall at the Breech become all three in one right visuall line then take off the said dispart and note what marke will then bee in one right line with the midst or highest of the mettall at the breech muzzle which will be much vnder the first marke and it will so serue euer after to make a shott to an assured good effect at the same marke and with the same peece from the same plat-forme The like is to be done in shooting at a marke eleuated to any degree about the leuell As also for such marks as are beyond the distance of the right line or right range by allowing an addition of a Minute Degree or Poynt of eleuation for aduantage more or lesse as need shall be vntill the Shot hit right and as reason will direct As for example a Saker is to shoote at a marke eleuated vnto 15 degrees it being distant from the plat-forme 1325 Geometricall paces 5 feete to the pace But being mounted to the second poynt or 15 degrees she will shoote but 1062 paces in her dead range and in her best Randon she will conuay a shott but 600 paces in a right line wherefore it being almost 300 paces short of the dead range for 15 degrees and aboue 700 paces short of her right range vpon her best Randon I must by my Gunners Scale or by the Diagram of Randons in the 27 precedent Chapter by the perpendicular raised from the Base at 1325 paces finde what randon crosseth the aspect of the second point which will be thereby found to be the fifth points Randon If then I shall mount the said Saker vnto the fifth poynt so then I may expect her said Randon to strike or come neere to that marke that shall be eleuated to the aspect of the second poynt or 15 degrees at the distance of 1325 paces and so after 2 or 3 shotts at that aduantage attaine my desire This is the ordinary manner of shooting vpon aduantage of any Mounture whatsoeuer alwayes obseruing the meanes how to draw as neere the Enemie as can be In generall you may obserue that in taking ayme by the highest of the mettall without consideration of the disparture if the visuall line thereof aspect the marke the shott will bee alwayes too high within the right range contrary to the Gunners diseigne which should be to ruinate the Foote of the defence in Batteries the sooner to ouerthrow the wall also to facillate the entery of the Breach but singly to shoote at a Troope of Horse or Squadron of Foote and especially in grauelly or stony places it were not amisse purposely to shoote short to light vpon the stones to beate them so vp as that the raysing of the grauel and stones may do the more execution entering trauerse-wise amongst the Enemie But in a plaine or leuell Champion and amongst Battalions of men the Peece should be so bended and directed as that her shot may passe by the midst or thickest of them guirdle height and so it may cut off a hundred or whole Ranke or File of Men at once and breake their Orders and Rankes whereby those that fall on their Faces will hardly elcape but shooting ouer profiteth nothing at all but is meerely lost To amend a wide shot if it went too much towards the right hand then remoue the dispart or take the large of your sight line somewhat more towards the left hand at the muzzle ring keeping the former height or letting the Dispart stand as before and take your marke as before onely remooue your eye a little more towards the right hand vpon the Base ring And so likewise doe contrariwise if the fault of the short aforesaid went too much towards the left hand and so you shall assuredly amend the former shooting vnlesse some of these ouer-ruling causes or accidents cause the contrary namely her Soule or Concaue bore not being strairt and right or lying a wry in the body of the mettall for then the fault is not in the Gunner but in the Gunne which hee must with iudgement and good discretion rectifie as hath bene already shewed in the 44. Chapter hereof She will shoot wide also if the Trunions lye not directly the one against the other as also if the platforme lye awry one side higher then the other or if the Gunner take not his ayme so that the visuall line that passeth from his eye to the marke or if one wheele be higher then the other or if one wheele be stiffe and the other iocond or be squatted with any rub in the reuerse of the Peece or run vpon soft and the other vpon hard ground or if the Cariage-maker haue made the Cariage leane or hang more vpon one then the other side If the Naue be too wide that the Peece shake therby in her discharge and reuerse or if the tayle of the Cariage rest harder on the plat-forme vpon one side more then on the other when the shott is too lowe for the Peece and at the deliuery toucheth vpō one side And lastly the vehemency of the wind being sidewise ouer-rules it to the contrary-side-ward c. But if the Shot fall to short or too farre that happeneth by the force or feeblenesse of the Powder or vnskilfulnesse of the Gunner not directing his peece as he ought or in ignorance or by mistaking the distance to the marke he would shoote at CHAP. XLIIII How the Gunner may be assured to make a good Shott SOmetimes the occasions offer to require that the Peece be curiously directed and precisely bended to dismount a Peece of the Enemies that galleth shrewdly or at a single mark or at the Loope Tronier Cassamat Horseman Boat or other secret place assigned that else would impeach the appointed seruice and deseigne For which the Gunner ought to haue an entire and perfect knowledge of the condition and quality of his Peece by experience made by former practises in her otherwise it wil be vncertaine and vnlikely that he at the first shot out of a Peece wherein they neuer practized to make an assured good shott and then in loading her to haue great care so to put home the Powder Shott and Wadd as that the powder may fire at once that the Peece reuerse not vnrulily it being a certaine thing that the more slowe the powder is in firing within the Peece the greater will her reuerse be and the shott also of the lesse force in execution And likewise the reasonable putting home of the Shott and Wadds neither too hard nor too easie but that the Ball may

are still proportionall to those of the planes Horizontall respectiuely taken by Graduation from the Zenith in all Peeces whatsoeuer But the Lines of Altitudes their Bases and Lines Hipethenusalls are euer different in euery seuerall Angle both of Inclination and Declination and vary by such a different Proportion from the Horizontall as they are to be discouered by a seuerall Methode of Calculation THEOR. 67. Such Theorikes Scales and Instruments may be framed for the Inuention of these strange proportions of Altitudes Lines Diagonall and Ranges Horizontall as thereby with the aide of Calculations Arithmeticall and some Rules Geometricall a man may exactly and readily discouer the true Circuits and Ranges of the Bullets of all Peeces of Ordnance whatsoeuer mounted howsoeuer and vpon all grounds or planes enclining or declining that can be Imagined DEFINITION OF ARITHMETICKE ARithmeticke is the Art to number well and is the ground of the Mathematicks Of Notation or Numeration The Caracters are 9 significant as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 and 0 a Cypher Remembring onely One Ten a Hundred reckon all your figures or places from the right hand towards the left alwayes making a pricke or dash ouer euery third figure omitting the first As suppose this number were to be valued 4-6 7 2-3 5 6. So herein you find two pricks then reckoning backe againe from the last figures on the left hand towards the right hand name after each figure pricked so many times a thousand as there are prickes towards the right hand saying 4 with his prick and the next pricke is foure thousand thousand then say sixe hundred seuenty two thousand three hundred fifty sixe and so of all others bee the places neuer so many you shall name their true values to their numeration being the common beginning is knowne well enough This shall suffice The foure Principles of Arithmeticke in whole Numbers Addition TO adde is to Collect or assemble many Summes into one totall beginning at the right hand and so proceeding towards the left as by the example following To adde 2356 with 5876 place them so vnder one another that all the first figures of the summes towards the right hand stand right vnder one another and likewise all the second figures and third c. of each sum directly vnder his fellow first second or third c. Thus as 6 vnder 6 7 vnder 5 and 8 vnder 3 and 5 vnder the 2 and then saying 6 and 6 make 12 whereof set downe the two vnder the two sixes and carry one for the other tenne vnto the next summe to adde to 7 and 5 saying one and seuen are eight and siue makes 13 place the 3 thereof vnder the 7 and 5 and carry one againe for the other ten to the next place saying one that I carry and 8 make 9 and 3 make 12 Of which I set downe the two and for the tenne againe I likewise carry one vnto the next place saying one that I carryed and fiue make sixe and two make eight which being the last I set it right vnder the fiue 2. and finde that they make totally 8232. Substraction TO Substract is to take a lesser summe out of a greater and to note the remainder or difference beginning also at the right hand and proceeding towards the left As to substract 5876 from 8232 placing as before in Addition each first second and third figure of the other thus As 6 vnder 2 and 7 vnder 3 and 8 vnder 2 and 5 vnder 8. And then saying 6 out of 2 cannot be but borrowing tenne from the next place maketh the 2 to bee 12 then 6 out of 12 there remaineth 6 which set downe vnder 6 and 2 then say 7 out of 3 lesse one that was borrowed cannot be done but 7 out of 12 that is 1 tenne borrowed out of the next place and 3 lesse 1 that is 2 making 12 remaineth 5 which also set downe vnder 7 and 3. Then say 8 out of 2 cannot be but 8 out of 11 that is one tenne borrowed of the next and one lent out of the 2 maketh together 3 to remaine Lastly say 5 out of 8 lesse one lent that is 5 out of 7 resteth 2. And so you shall finde that 5876 being taken from 8232 will leaue 2356 which the precedent Addition prooueth true for the remainder Multiplication TO Multiply signifieth to augment a summe by it selfe or by some other number placing the lesser which we cōmonly name the Multiplicator vndermost so that no figure towards the right hand outreach other except Cyphers and then beginning at the right hand and proceeding towards the left still multiplying euery figure of the vppermost summe by each figure of the lower and set the products vnder the line as the example here following will demonstrate to the eye And for the more easy solution of this proposition it will be necessary to know by memory the products of the multiplication of the 9 simple Characters 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9 amongst themselues As fiue times 7. make 35 and 9 times sixe make 54 c. Now 4563 are giuen to be multiplyed by 327. Place the lesser number vnder the greater with the first of it towards the right hand vnder the first of the other then draw a line vnder them thus And say 7 times 3 make 21. Place the 1 vnder the 7 and 3 and carry 2 for the 2 tennes vnto the next place and say 3 time 6 make 18 and 2 that I carryed in memory make 20 whereof I set downe the 0 and carry the 2 to the next saying 7 times 5 make 35 and the 2 I bore in minde make 37 whereof I set the 7 vnder the 5 and 3 and carry 3 to the next place saying 7 times 4 make 28 and 3 make 31 which I set downe also so I haue done with the 7 and cancell it and begin with the 2 saying 2 times 3 make 6 which I set downe vnder the 2 and carry 1 to the next saying 2 times 5 make 10 and 1 that I carryed make 11 whereof I set downe 1 and carry 1 and say 2 times 4 make 8 and 1 maketh it 9 which I set downe also and so I haue done with the 2. Lastly beginning with the 3 remaining I say first 3 times 3 make 9 which I set down right vnder the 3 And againe say 3 times 6 make 18 whereof I set down the 8 and carry the 1 to the next place where say 3 times 5 make 15 and 1 that I carryed make 16 whereof I set downe the 6 and carry 1 to the next saying 3 times 4 make 12 and 1 that I carryed makes 13 and so I haue ended onely adding the numbers vnder the line as you were shewed to do before in Addition and you shall finde the Products will be 1491861 which hauing set downe may be enclosed betweene 2 lines as the Operation requireth Diuision To diuide is to search how many times one some is contained in another