Selected quad for the lemma: hand_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
hand_n	file_n	right_a	right_n	12,743	5	9.5490	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A08347	The gunner shevving the vvhole practise of artillerie: vvith all the appurtenances therevnto belonging. Together with the making of extra-ordinary artificiall fireworkes, as well for pleasure and triumphes, as for warre and seruice. VVritten by Robert Norton, one of his Maiesties gunners and enginiers.	Norton, Robert, d. 1635.; Bry, Theodor de, 1528-1598, engraver.	1628 (1628)	STC 18673; ESTC S115254	149,353	214

The Gunner may keepe that thicknesse or dispart in his hands and take his leuell by the mettall as the fashion is vntill thereby he discerne the marke and them both to bee in one right visuall line And then setting on the dispart vpon the muzzle ring duly and bringing downe the mouth of the peece vntill the said marke and the top of the dispart and the highest of the mettall at the Breech become all three in one right visuall line then take off the said dispart and note what marke will then bee in one right line with the midst or highest of the mettall at the breech muzzle which will be much vnder the first marke and it will so serue euer after to make a shott to an assured good effect at the same marke and with the same peece from the same plat-forme The like is to be done in shooting at a marke eleuated to any degree about the leuell As also for such marks as are beyond the distance of the right line or right range by allowing an addition of a Minute Degree or Poynt of eleuation for aduantage more or lesse as need shall be vntill the Shot hit right and as reason will direct As for example a Saker is to shoote at a marke eleuated vnto 15 degrees it being distant from the plat-forme 1325 Geometricall paces 5 feete to the pace But being mounted to the second poynt or 15 degrees she will shoote but 1062 paces in her dead range and in her best Randon she will conuay a shott but 600 paces in a right line wherefore it being almost 300 paces short of the dead range for 15 degrees and aboue 700 paces short of her right range vpon her best Randon I must by my Gunners Scale or by the Diagram of Randons in the 27 precedent Chapter by the perpendicular raised from the Base at 1325 paces finde what randon crosseth the aspect of the second point which will be thereby found to be the fifth points Randon If then I shall mount the said Saker vnto the fifth poynt so then I may expect her said Randon to strike or come neere to that marke that shall be eleuated to the aspect of the second poynt or 15 degrees at the distance of 1325 paces and so after 2 or 3 shotts at that aduantage attaine my desire This is the ordinary manner of shooting vpon aduantage of any Mounture whatsoeuer alwayes obseruing the meanes how to draw as neere the Enemie as can be In generall you may obserue that in taking ayme by the highest of the mettall without consideration of the disparture if the visuall line thereof aspect the marke the shott will bee alwayes too high within the right range contrary to the Gunners diseigne which should be to ruinate the Foote of the defence in Batteries the sooner to ouerthrow the wall also to facillate the entery of the Breach but singly to shoote at a Troope of Horse or Squadron of Foote and especially in grauelly or stony places it were not amisse purposely to shoote short to light vpon the stones to beate them so vp as that the raysing of the grauel and stones may do the more execution entering trauerse-wise amongst the Enemie But in a plaine or leuell Champion and amongst Battalions of men the Peece should be so bended and directed as that her shot may passe by the midst or thickest of them guirdle height and so it may cut off a hundred or whole Ranke or File of Men at once and breake their Orders and Rankes whereby those that fall on their Faces will hardly elcape but shooting ouer profiteth nothing at all but is meerely lost To amend a wide shot if it went too much towards the right hand then remoue the dispart or take the large of your sight line somewhat more towards the left hand at the muzzle ring keeping the former height or letting the Dispart stand as before and take your marke as before onely remooue your eye a little more towards the right hand vpon the Base ring And so likewise doe contrariwise if the fault of the short aforesaid went too much towards the left hand and so you shall assuredly amend the former shooting vnlesse some of these ouer-ruling causes or accidents cause the contrary namely her Soule or Concaue bore not being strairt and right or lying a wry in the body of the mettall for then the fault is not in the Gunner but in the Gunne which hee must with iudgement and good discretion rectifie as hath bene already shewed in the 44. Chapter hereof She will shoot wide also if the Trunions lye not directly the one against the other as also if the platforme lye awry one side higher then the other or if the Gunner take not his ayme so that the visuall line that passeth from his eye to the marke or if one wheele be higher then the other or if one wheele be stiffe and the other iocond or be squatted with any rub in the reuerse of the Peece or run vpon soft and the other vpon hard ground or if the Cariage-maker haue made the Cariage leane or hang more vpon one then the other side If the Naue be too wide that the Peece shake therby in her discharge and reuerse or if the tayle of the Cariage rest harder on the plat-forme vpon one side more then on the other when the shott is too lowe for the Peece and at the deliuery toucheth vpō one side And lastly the vehemency of the wind being sidewise ouer-rules it to the contrary-side-ward c. But if the Shot fall to short or too farre that happeneth by the force or feeblenesse of the Powder or vnskilfulnesse of the Gunner not directing his peece as he ought or in ignorance or by mistaking the distance to the marke he would shoote at CHAP. XLIIII How the Gunner may be assured to make a good Shott SOmetimes the occasions offer to require that the Peece be curiously directed and precisely bended to dismount a Peece of the Enemies that galleth shrewdly or at a single mark or at the Loope Tronier Cassamat Horseman Boat or other secret place assigned that else would impeach the appointed seruice and deseigne For which the Gunner ought to haue an entire and perfect knowledge of the condition and quality of his Peece by experience made by former practises in her otherwise it wil be vncertaine and vnlikely that he at the first shot out of a Peece wherein they neuer practized to make an assured good shott and then in loading her to haue great care so to put home the Powder Shott and Wadd as that the powder may fire at once that the Peece reuerse not vnrulily it being a certaine thing that the more slowe the powder is in firing within the Peece the greater will her reuerse be and the shott also of the lesse force in execution And likewise the reasonable putting home of the Shott and Wadds neither too hard nor too easie but that the Ball may

best you may thereby know how much Salpetre will renew all the whole quantity of decayed powder in the same manner without new making the same To make powder that shall not decay with time TAke what quantity of powder you will and mixe it well with Aqua-vitae and make it vp in Balles and dry them well in the Sunne or in a warme place and keepe them in an earthen pot well glazed vntill you haue cause to vse them Cateneo saith this powder will neither decay nor waste by age CHAP. LXXIII Of the making of ordinary and extraordinary Matches to giue fire with vnto Ordnance or Artificiall Fire-workes and such like TAke Ropes made of Towe about the bignesse of a Mans little finger being twisted loosely and Taw and beate them with a Mallet vpon a stone till they be soft and opening Then put them into a Caldron full of strong Lee made with ashes and quick Lyme wherein also a quantity of Salpetre or Mothers being put and when they haue boyled well ⅔ of the liquour of the Lee consumed Then draw out the Match and twist it harder while it is moyst and afterward dry it vpon Lynes but first draw them through a hole as Wyre-drawers doe their Wyre to make it euen To make extraordinary Match of Cotton Yarne made Bobbinwise of a finger thicknesse TAke as many threds of grosse Cotton yarne that hath not taken Salt-water by transportation or other ill Accident and worke them Bobbinwise of a competent bignesse and boyle them in Salpetre-water and squeese them and rowle them on a Table whereon Mealed-Petre and Sulpher is spread then draw them through the palme of your hand and then dry them well To make Match that will resist fire and water TAke Salpetre refined one part Sulpher part and put them into a Pot with ½ part of Camphere mealed with the Sulpher and one part of fine mealed quick Lyme with so much Lynseed oyle oyle of Petre a little Vernish liquid to temper them well together Then take of Cotton bobbin Match as bigge as your little finger and put it into the mixture to soke ouer a sire vntill it be well imbybed and haue soked vp the liquor Then take the Feces or remainder and put them in the palme of your left hand and with your right draw the Match through it twice or thrice clasping close your fist that the Match may receiue the substance of it thereinto Then dry it vpon a line and keepe it for speciall vses for Vaults Mynes and moyst weather To make a very violent Match TAke two ounces of Powder 4 z. of Petre two ounces of Aqua vitae dissolue them ouer fire and put in your Cotton Match to soke it vp if you imbibe the Ficelles for your Rockets therein it will bee very proper you may rowle and rub them in Meale Powder vpon a Table dry them and keepe them in a dry place which let suffice at this time OF ARTIFICIALL FIRE WORKES FOR Tryumph and Seruice ALthough Gunpowder with the soule Petre and the life Sulpher and the body thereof Coale be indeed the chiefe bases and foundations vpon which the practise of Artillery and making of all artificiall Fire-workes either for seruice in the Warres or for Triumph after Victory or for delight and pleasure dependeth whereof wee haue already spoken sufficiently yet Fire being the Primarie cause for performing their sequent effects we will first briefly define what Fire is and then shew who were the inuenters of it according as Antiquity hath diuersly left vs their Testimonie Fire is an element hot and dry the most rare light and piersing either detayned here below by Art or constrained by Accident It ingenders and feedes vpon that which by Nature it alwayes affecteth and it striueth to get aloft as vnto the naturall place and repose thereof as our first Theorem plainly manifesteth The Poets fained that Promethius first stole the Fire from Heauen But Vitruuius saith it was accidently found and happened by the violent agitation of the Windes and Tempest among the Armes and Branches of Trees robustly rubbing one against another which made them kindle fire burne Plynie said that it was found by Souldiers because they vsually giue violent strokes vpon solid things oft times striking sparkes of fire Lucretius said it was ingendred from the lightning and that Vulcan the King of Egypt was the first that perceiued that fire to make vse of it amongst humane creatures wherfore the making of Ioues Thunderbolts was attributed to him And Orpheus making little or no distinction betweene Vulcan and fire in his Himne singeth Braue valtant Vulcans liuing flames on earth remaine as yet Where in bright shining firie Roabes his Maiestie doth sit c. Fire being also a thing necessary for mans life consisting of heate and humidity simbolizeth generation so neerely that sage Antiquity therefore faigne the marriage betweene Vulcan and Venus and attibute the cariage of Nuptiall Torches vnto him at such times as the Louers would embrace each other Many more were the ancient fictions opinions concerning this element of fire but those I leaue for breuities sake concluding it as I begun Fire to be a more rare subtle and light element of Nature then the ayre which is but his Nurse seeing that if ayre become compact and fixed in a straight place and fire chance to burne such an Ayerie body that would either eate or drinke or consume it and thereby leaue the place voyd which nature abhorreth as appeareth by our 4 or 5 Theorems or else that rarifieth and encreaseth the body thereof by the third and 6 Theorem and so 2 bodies should be in one place contrary to the 7 Theorem hereof which let suffice and so I will proceede to the matter for contriuing and composing of some Fire-workes both for Seruice and Triumph and conclude this Treatise for this time Of Rockets and their structures Tract 3. cap. 26. fig. 5. So then the Rocket N will be 10 Calibres 9 for the powder and 1 for the bindings aboue the bond and fucill below And the Pearcer O must be at least ½ of the length of the Rocket whereof by the figure you may see both the forme and proportion And also although some would haue a pin reach so high from the breech of the Rocket and of the Drifts fitted with a hollownesse to receiue it in the driuing yet that fashion being very vncertaine and requiring much skill handinesse and practised experience to bring it to rise well I haue rather left it to be pearced after the driuing For the Receipts they must be according to their grandures to be filled by a little and a little at once and giuing 4 or 5 strokes vpon the Drift with a waighty Mallet continuing so vntill it be full within a finger or twos breadth of the top and it must bee made of strong paper or parchment well rowled about the Former or else it will be worth nothing and