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to_o a_o great_a army_n march_v in_o good_a safety_n in_o all_o common_a passage_n and_o in_o a_o large_a and_o open_a country_n several_z and_z apart_z by_o itself_o and_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v that_o the_o train_n will_v hereby_o be_v over-lengthened_n it_o may_v be_v help_v by_o divide_v it_o into_o three_o part_n but_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o vanguard_n may_v take_v the_o right_a hand_n the_o battle_n the_o left_a equal_v the_o front_n with_o the_o van_n and_o the_o rearguard_n with_o the_o ordnance_n and_o their_o appurtenance_n to_o march_v betwixt_o they_o both_o and_o hereby_o also_o the_o whole_a train_n march_v the_o more_o close_v shall_v become_v the_o strong_a and_o ready_a and_o every_o man_n prepare_v to_o know_v and_o fall_v into_o his_o proper_a rank_n and_o place_n without_o the_o least_o confusion_n as_o for_o the_o conduction_n and_o order_n of_o the_o general_a carriage_n and_o baggage_n belong_v to_o a_o army_n when_o it_o be_v to_o march_v 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course_n of_o the_o river_n do_v afford_v a_o conveniency_n by_o flank_v it_o on_o every_o side_n to_o defend_v the_o bridge_n be_v lay_v over_o just_a upon_o the_o point_n of_o land_n so_o that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v touch_v by_o any_o of_o the_o enemy_n battery_n though_o they_o be_v on_o each_o side_n thereof_o because_o by_o the_o sudden_a shoulder_n away_o of_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n at_o either_o end_n none_o of_o the_o enemy_n cannon_n can_v bear_v or_o beat_v upon_o the_o bridge_n but_o that_o either_o the_o bullet_n fall_v short_a be_v latch_v by_o the_o half_a moon_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o height_n of_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n or_o else_o fly_v quite_o over_o the_o king_n leaguer_n and_o so_o do_v no_o execution_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o king_n army_n pass_v over_o safe_o and_o be_v over_o rout_z the_o enemy_n and_o kill_v their_o general_n that_o brave_a old_a man_n and_o thus_o you_o have_v some_o rule_n and_o advertisement_n about_o the_o conduction_n of_o a_o army_n over_o river_n by_o boat_n and_o bridges_n but_o if_o a_o army_n be_v to_o pass_v over_o a_o river_n by_o a_o ford_n and_o a_o enemy_n ready_a to_o resist_v on_o the_o further_a side_n as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v know_v that_o that_o army_n run_v a_o great_a hazard_n which_o be_v thus_o put_v to_o it_o so_o be_v it_o not_o to_o be_v practise_v but_o upon_o most_o urge_v cause_n and_o then_o with_o all_o caution_n possible_a among_o which_o i_o shall_v propound_v these_o follow_v that_o in_o the_o passage_n the_o most_o of_o the_o horse_n be_v order_v to_o pass_v in_o the_o front_n and_o the_o foot_n to_o march_v close_o up_o after_o they_o for_o the_o horse_n
between_o eumenes_n and_o craterus_n mention_v by_o plutarch_n in_o vita_fw-la eumenis_fw-la where_o eumenes_n place_v the_o horse_n before_o his_o foot_n do_v it_o say_v the_o author_n because_o he_o hold_v they_o the_o prime_n of_o his_o strength_n and_o therefore_o put_v upon_o they_o the_o hazard_n of_o the_o day_n and_o herein_o show_v himself_o both_o in_o counsel_n and_o action_n a_o brave_a and_o well-experienced_a general_n as_o for_o the_o best_a form_n and_o fashion_n of_o horse-battel_n the_o most_o ancient_a and_o then_o the_o most_o common_a be_v that_o of_o a_o rhombe_n and_o this_o be_v in_o special_a account_n with_o the_o thessalian_n witness_n aelian_a cap._n 18._o who_o be_v reckon_v for_o the_o best_a horseman_n of_o greece_n as_o xenothon_n report_v they_o in_o his_o hist._n graec._n lib._n 7._o 644._o d._n and_o hold_v that_o account_n to_o the_o time_n of_o king_n pyrrus_n and_o for_o this_o form_n these_o reason_n be_v give_v that_o it_o be_v fit_a for_o all_o 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this_o for_o a_o thorough_a execution_n that_o for_o a_o dispersion_n but_o there_o be_v one_o thing_n more_o in_o the_o order_n of_o horse-battel_n of_o especial_a observation_n and_o that_o be_v their_o depth_n of_o which_o leo_n his_o opinion_n be_v cap._n 12._o sect_n 40._o that_o a_o horse-battel_n be_v only_o to_o be_v four_o in_o depth_n and_o his_o reason_n be_v that_o bear_v lance_n the_o five_o be_v unprofitable_a because_o from_o thence_o their_o lance_n can_v not_o reach_v to_o the_o front_n neither_o say_v he_o can_v horse_n as_o foot_n with_o their_o thickness_n or_o depth_n thrust_v one_o another_o forward_o from_o behind_o and_o therefore_o in_o his_o opinion_n the_o number_n of_o four_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o depth_n in_o file_n and_o yet_o we_o find_v in_o polybius_n that_o the_o horse_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o his_o time_n order_v eight_o in_o depth_n but_o this_o be_v in_o the_o age_n of_o lance_n in_o our_o now_o pistol-world_n i_o find_v the_o king_n of_o swedens_fw-fr horse_n which_o be_v order_v in_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o van_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o lipzwick_n to_o be_v four_o in_o depth_n and_o those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o rear_n to_o be_v five_o in_o depth_n and_o so_o likewise_o be_v tilly_n horse_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o lutzen_n the_o king_n of_o swedens_fw-fr horse_n be_v in_o no_o place_n above_o three_o in_o depth_n whereas_o walsteins_n horse_n be_v every_o where_o six_o it_o seem_v therefore_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o certain_a rule_n touch_v this_o particular_a but_o that_o it_o must_v be_v vary_v according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o horse_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o enlarge_a the_o front_n so_o that_o aelian_o proportion_n may_v be_v receive_v with_o most_o approbation_n for_o the_o general_a which_o be_v to_o double_v the_o number_n of_o the_o front_n to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o flank_n and_o as_o the_o number_n of_o the_o troop_n arise_v to_o enlarge_v the_o length_n of_o the_o front_n and_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o flank_n proportionable_o one_o to_o another_o yet_o will_v i_o not_o have_v it_o to_o exceed_v the_o number_n of_o eight_o at_o any_o time_n in_o depth_n nor_o under_o four_o for_o the_o one_o extreme_a lose_v the_o fight_n of_o some_o hand_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o over-depth_n and_o the_o other_o be_v over-weak_a to_o sustain_v any_o great_a shock_n i_o shall_v add_v one_o thing_n more_o which_o may_v concern_v both_o horse_n and_o foot_n concern_v word_n of_o command_n touch_v which_o i_o find_v that_o it_o be_v the_o ancient_a use_n witness_n polyen_n lib._n 4.217_o sect_n 2._o that_o when_o the_o horse_n be_v command_v to_o turn_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o word_n of_o command_n be_v turn_v to_o the_o staff_n that_o be_v to_o that_o side_n where_o the_o staff_n or_o lance_n be_v then_o carry_v and_o when_o they_o be_v to_o turn_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o word_n be_v turn_v to_o the_o reins_o because_o the_o reins_o 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too_o alike_o sound_a and_o may_v very_o well_o be_v take_v one_o for_o another_o and_o all_o mistake_n of_o this_o kind_n must_v needs_o be_v very_o disadvantageous_a and_o carry_v with_o they_o much_o of_o peril_n as_o all_o judicious_a man_n will_v ready_o confess_v so_o that_o we_o may_v do_v well_o to_o be_v herein_o president_v by_o our_o seaman_n who_o in_o their_o sea-word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o condeing_n of_o a_o ship_n use_v not_o to_o say_v larboard_o the_o helm_n but_o port_n the_o helm_n when_o they_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v put_v to_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o ship_n lest_o by_o the_o affinity_n of_o the_o sound_n it_o shall_v be_v take_v for_o starboard_n the_o helm_n which_o be_v to_o have_v it_o to_o be_v put_v on_o the_o contrary_a side_n and_o that_o in_o many_o case_n to_o a_o certain_a ruin_n and_o this_o also_o may_v be_v the_o better_o perfect_v by_o aelian_o rule_n that_o the_o particular_a be_v place_v first_o as_o to_o say_v to_o the_o horse_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n turn_v your_o face_n when_o you_o will_v have_v they_o turn_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o the_o reins_o or_o sword_n turn_v your_o face_n when_o they_o shall_v turn_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o to_o the_o foot_n to_o say_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n turn_v your_o face_n when_o they_o be_v to_o move_v that_o way_n and_o to_o the_o sword_n turn_v your_o face_n when_o you_o will_v have_v they_o move_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n as_o for_o the_o word_n double_v your_o file_n or_o rank_n or_o length_n or_o depth_n the_o double_n of_o the_o length_n be_v to_o be_v use_v either_o to_o over-wing_n the_o enemy_n or_o to_o avoid_v the_o
do_v then_o furious_o french-like_a charge_v with_o their_o horse_n upon_o we_o and_o be_v by_o far_o the_o great_a number_n instant_o rout_v they_o force_v such_o of_o our_o horse_n as_o seek_v their_o safety_n by_o flight_n to_o break_v in_o upon_o our_o own_o foot_n to_o their_o utter_a disorder_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o our_o horse_n that_o can_v not_o do_v so_o be_v all_o either_o take_v or_o slay_v the_o execution_n likewise_o upon_o our_o foot_n become_v hereby_o very_o great_a and_o the_o great_a by_o reason_n that_o there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o work_n cast_v up_o to_o command_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o passage_n upon_o the_o dike_n so_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v embolden_v to_o charge_v home_o all_o alongst_o the_o way_n of_o our_o march_n upon_o the_o very_a dike_n itself_o even_o to_o the_o very_a bridge_n that_o we_o be_v to_o pass_v over_o where_o also_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o improvidence_n in_o make_v it_o without_o rail_n on_o the_o side_n our_o man_n in_o the_o haste_n and_o terror_n of_o their_o disorder_n thrust_v one_o another_o into_o a_o creek_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v there_o smother_v in_o the_o water_n and_o mud_n and_o here_o it_o be_v that_o we_o lose_v the_o most_o and_o best_a of_o our_o man_n now_o because_o in_o these_o retreat_v it_o may_v fall_v out_o even_o with_o the_o most_o provident_a general_n that_o a_o army_n may_v be_v force_v to_o lie_v and_o lodge_v in_o the_o open_a field_n very_o near_o unto_o a_o enemy_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o propound_v some_o course_n touch_v this_o particular_a and_o in_o this_o case_n it_o have_v be_v practise_v that_o every_o regiment_n shall_v lie_v down_o and_o lodge_v in_o the_o very_a same_o order_n that_o they_o march_v all_o the_o day_n before_o with_o all_o their_o arm_n by_o they_o the_o pike_n to_o stick_v up_o a_o end_n close_o by_o the_o bearer_n as_o they_o lie_v and_o every_o rot_n or_o file_n that_o be_v every_o six_o of_o musqueteer_n to_o bring_v their_o musket_n to_o their_o rot-master_n or_o leader_n of_o their_o file_n who_o be_v to_o see_v they_o set_v with_o their_o mouth_n upright_o and_o so_o bind_v together_o with_o a_o piece_n of_o match_n that_o they_o may_v stand_v ready_a at_o hand_n upon_o all_o alarm_n as_o for_o the_o person_n of_o the_o general_n himself_o and_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o field_n they_o be_v to_o bestow_v themselves_o in_o their_o coach_n or_o the_o like_a and_o the_o private_a captain_n to_o make_v use_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o frame_n of_o wood_n as_o in_o the_o low-countries_n be_v term_v horse_n be_v very_o proper_a for_o that_o purpose_n and_o of_o which_o it_o be_v good_a for_o every_o captain_n to_o have_v one_o touch_v the_o horse-regiment_n every_o man_n be_v to_o ease_v himself_o and_o his_o horse_n by_o alight_v and_o rest_v himself_o on_o the_o ground_n and_o by_o feed_v his_o horse_n near_o unto_o he_o and_o in_o this_o posture_n to_o take_v repast_n and_o sleep_v and_o so_o to_o attend_v the_o light_n of_o the_o ensue_a morn_n for_o the_o pursuance_n of_o their_o intend_a retreat_n and_o thus_o have_v give_v some_o note_n touch_v the_o dislodging_n and_o retreat_n of_o a_o army_n we_o will_v finish_v this_o chapter_n with_o some_o rule_n touch_v encamp_n in_o these_o encamp_n the_o general_n quartermaster_n be_v especial_o to_o observe_v these_o particular_n follow_v that_o friend_n as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v be_v lodge_v by_o friend_n and_o this_o as_o well_o for_o prevent_v of_o tumult_n as_o the_o faithful_a second_n one_o of_o another_o that_o such_o horse_n as_o be_v most_o unready_a and_o unfit_a for_o sudden_a occasion_n be_v cover_v with_o foot_n for_o three_o part_n of_o they_o at_o least_o that_o no_o impediment_n as_o merchant_n victualler_n artificer_n be_v lodge_v among_o the_o soldier_n and_o that_o the_o camp_n be_v well_o entrench_v and_o because_o a_o army_n be_v it_o never_o so_o well_o entrench_v lie_v thus_o will_v be_v force_v to_o send_v forager_n abroad_o it_o be_v a_o necessary_a providence_n and_o especial_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v any_o thing_n near_o that_o some_o convenient_a number_n of_o troop_n do_v by_o turn_n stand_v by_o their_o arm_n that_o they_o be_v always_o ready_a to_o answer_v all_o alarm_n which_o be_v great_o further_v and_o a_o rescue_v the_o soon_o an_o with_o less_o dismay_n perform_v when_o some_o captain_n be_v thus_o find_v always_o in_o point_n and_o ready_a to_o march_v at_o the_o first_o word_n of_o command_n and_o hereof_o we_o have_v a_o punctual_a example_n at_o caesar_n first_o land_v in_o this_o our_o island_n for_o he_o have_v receive_v a_o great_a loss_n in_o his_o ship_n by_o a_o tempest_n the_o which_o encourage_v the_o britain_n so_o much_o the_o more_o to_o oppose_v he_o the_o which_o himself_o also_o suspect_v he_o cause_v his_o army_n to_o be_v strong_o entrench_v and_o send_v out_o one_o of_o his_o legion_n in_o its_o turn_n to_o fetch_v in_o corn_n the_o enemy_n on_o a_o sudden_a assault_v it_o the_o which_o be_v discover_v by_o a_o unusual_a dust_n caesar_n instant_o take_v two_o cohort_n which_o may_v amount_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 720_o man_n which_o be_v in_o station_n before_o the_o port_n of_o the_o camp_n command_v that_o other_o two_o shall_v supply_v their_o place_n and_o lead_v they_o on_o to_o the_o succour_n of_o the_o legion_n that_o be_v abroad_o the_o which_o he_o find_v in_o a_o dangerous_a fight_n with_o the_o enemy_n and_o without_o this_o oportune_a supply_n have_v in_o all_o likelihood_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o be_v thus_o relieve_v as_o for_o the_o form_n of_o trench_n they_o be_v to_o be_v regulate_v either_o by_o the_o advantage_n or_o disadvantage_n of_o the_o site_n their_o flank_n be_v to_o be_v distance_v about_o seventy_o pace_n one_o from_o another_o their_o depth_n breadth_n and_o height_n according_a to_o the_o time_n and_o intention_n of_o stay_n in_o that_o place_n and_o the_o expectance_n of_o a_o enemy_n in_o they_o entrance_n or_o passage_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v out_o for_o horse_n foot_n and_o carriage_n and_o to_o be_v cover_v with_o ravelin_n without_o and_o bar_v within_o and_o these_o trench_n be_v to_o be_v furnish_v with_o convenient_a artillery_n so_o order_v and_o mount_v that_o be_v well_o flank_v they_o may_v command_v the_o campagna_n round_o about_o and_o beside_o all_o this_o the_o camp_n be_v to_o be_v secure_v by_o strong_a and_o vigilant_a guard_n some_o whereof_o be_v the_o main_a guard_n the_o rest_n the_o petty_a guard_n one_o mainguard_n be_v to_o be_v near_o the_o general_n quarter_n and_o the_o commander_n thereof_o be_v style_v the_o captain_n general_n of_o the_o watch._n another_o mainguard_n be_v to_o be_v in_o every_o regiment_n which_o have_v likewise_o its_o captain_n by_o who_o the_o round_n be_v lay_v out_o and_o the_o rounder_n send_v abroad_o to_o visit_v the_o guard_n of_o the_o company_n and_o out_o of_o the_o mainguard_n by_o the_o general_n lodging_n the_o rounder_n be_v take_v out_o to_o visit_v all_o the_o petty_a guard_n and_o because_o it_o may_v be_v dangerous_a when_o in_o one_o discipline_n two_o round_n meet_v in_o their_o circuit_n that_o they_o which_o speak_v first_o in_o take_v the_o word_n of_o the_o other_o may_v hereby_o help_v the_o enemy_n to_o rob_v the_o word_n to_o prevent_v it_o it_o have_v by_o some_o be_v think_v a_o provident_a course_n that_o the_o two_o elder_a rounder_n shall_v make_v a_o exchange_n of_o their_o companion_n and_o so_o proceed_v to_o finish_v their_o circuit_n without_o give_v or_o take_v the_o word_n of_o any_o round_n at_o all_o the_o which_o i_o only_o offer_v to_o our_o present_a commander_n to_o take_v into_o their_o consideration_n as_o for_o the_o petty_a guard_n they_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n for_o either_o they_o consist_v of_o many_o person_n and_o be_v then_o term_v a_o corpse_n du_fw-fr guard_n or_o of_o one_o single_a man_n who_o be_v call_v a_o centinel_n a_o corpse_n du_fw-fr guard_n may_v either_o be_v of_o horse_n which_o be_v a_o guard_n without_o the_o entrenchment_n of_o the_o camp_n or_o of_o foot_n who_o watch_v within_o before_o or_o at_o the_o port_n of_o the_o trench_n or_o any_o where_o else_o where_o the_o ser_n jeant-major_a shall_v hold_v it_o fit_a in_o the_o set_n out_o of_o the_o sentinel_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o they_o be_v not_o place_v overfar_a from_o any_o corpse_n du_fw-fr guard_n lest_o by_o be_v surprise_v by_o a_o enemy_n the_o secret_n of_o the_o army_n be_v discover_v and_o because_o it_o can_v choose_v but_o be_v full_a of_o hazard_n and_o subject_a to_o many_o casualty_n for_o a_o army_n to_o be_v bring_v up_o any_o thing_n near_o to_o a_o overpowerful_a enemy_n a_o