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when_o the_o enemy_n be_v expect_v to_o give_v on_o all_o side_n and_o he_o that_o can_v frame_v it_o can_v easy_o cast_v his_o troop_n into_o the_o other_o two_o form_n yet_o will_v not_o every_o receive_n the_o enemy_n in_o flank_n prove_v a_o deduction_n for_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n and_o sudden_a approach_n of_o the_o enemy_n you_o shall_v be_v drive_v to_o facing_n wherein_o you_o only_o turn_v the_o face_n of_o soldier_n to_o the_o flank_n without_o any_o deduction_n see_v the_o figure_n of_o this_o battle_n express_v in_o the_o picture_n 5._o do_v make_v the_o length_n double_a to_o the_o depth_n i_o suspect_v this_o place_n to_o be_v corrupt_v in_o the_o text_n of_o aelian_n the_o rather_o because_o before_o in_o the_o description_n of_o a_o deduction_n he_o say_v that_o deduction_n proceed_v in_o a_o wing_n wherein_o the_o depth_n 〈◊〉_d manifold_o exceed_v the_o length_n of_o the_o battle_n as_o the_o last_o foregoing_a chapter_n do_v show_v beside_o the_o example_n which_o be_v give_v in_o the_o text_n be_v not_o of_o double_a proportion_n but_o of_o treble_a and_o more_o ten_o comprehend_v three_o three_o time_n and_o more_o of_o the_o phalange_n antistomus_n chap._n xxxviii_o 1_o the_o phalange_n amphistomus_fw-la for_o it_o be_v so_o call_v because_o it_o have_v two_o front_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o battle_n that_o be_v set_v and_o advance_v against_o the_o enemy_n be_v call_v a_o front_n see_v then_o in_o this_o form_n the_o middlemost_a be_v order_v back_o to_o back_n and_o those_o in_o the_o front_n and_o rear_v make_v head_n against_o the_o enemy_n the_o one_o be_v commander_n in_o front_n the_o other_o in_o rear_n therefore_o it_o be_v call_v amphistomus_fw-la it_o be_v of_o great_a use_n against_o a_o enemy_n strong_a in_o horse_n and_o able_a to_o give_v a_o hot_a and_o dangerous_a charge_n and_o principal_o practise_v against_o cap._n 38_o the_o phalange_n amphistomus_fw-la those_o barbarian_n that_o inhabit_v about_o the_o 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these_o word_n in_o aelian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d they_o in_o the_o beginning_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d charge_v the_o enemy_n which_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i_o have_v not_o read_v apply_v to_o the_o flank_n and_o therefore_o take_v it_o for_o front_n and_o rear_v because_o the_o one_o namely_o the_o front_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o battle_n the_o other_o viz._n the_o rear_n be_v the_o end_n in_o which_o sense_n if_o you_o take_v the_o word_n the_o description_n must_v needs_o agree_v with_o the_o amphistomus_fw-la which_o the_o enemy_n charge_v both_o front_n and_o rear_v with_o the_o fileleader_n and_o their_o half_a file_n as_o they_o stand_v receive_v those_o that_o charge_v the_o front_n with_o the_o brnigers-up_a and_o the_o other_o half_a file_n face_v about_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n those_o which_o
darter_n run_v out_o of_o the_o roman_a army_n according_a to_o their_o custom_n throw_v many_o and_o forcible_a dart_n at_o the_o celte_n the_o celte_n of_o the_o rear_n find_v good_a use_n of_o their_o coat_n and_o breech_n but_o those_o that_o fight_v naked_a in_o the_o front_n this_o accident_n happen_v contrary_a to_o their_o expectation_n be_v trouble_v out_o of_o measure_n and_o wonderful_o perplex_v for_o the_o gaulish_a target_n be_v not_o of_o sufficiency_n to_o cover_v a_o man_n body_n the_o great_a and_o naked_a their_o body_n be_v the_o more_o be_v they_o subject_a to_o wound_n and_o the_o less_o the_o weapon_n miss_v the_o mark_n at_o the_o last_o be_v not_o able_a to_o save_v themselves_o from_o the_o lightarmed_n who_o ply_v they_o a_o far_o off_o nor_o from_o the_o multitude_n of_o dart_n that_o fall_v among_o they_o and_o be_v trouble_v and_o confuse_a with_o their_o present_a state_n some_o of_o they_o out_o of_o a_o rage_n and_o brutishness_n run_v vain_o upon_o 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three_o book_n as_o do_v 9_o also_o scipio_n against_o asdrubal_n in_o spain_n so_o then_o by_o that_o which_o have_v be_v say_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o antistomus_n and_o amphistomus_fw-la phalange_n may_v easy_o appear_v which_o albeit_o they_o either_o of_o they_o fight_v against_o the_o enemy_n in_o two_o place_n of_o the_o phalange_n at_o once_o and_o be_v like_o over_o to_o another_o in_o that_o respect_n yet_o they_o differ_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o fight_n the_o one_o receive_v the_o charge_n in_o both_o the_o flank_n other_o in_o front_n and_o rear_v they_o be_v both_o defensive_a &_o statary_a and_o if_o move_v with_o you_o either_o of_o they_o during_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n you_o present_o break_v the_o form_n and_o lay_v the_o back_n of_o the_o soldier_n open_a to_o be_v annoy_v especial_o if_o the_o enemy_n overtop_v you_o in_o number_n otherwise_o it_o will_v be_v no_o inconuenienceto_o divide_v the_o battle_n and_o to_o fight_v apart_o with_o 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both_o the_o flank_n in_o a_o deduction_n and_o the_o bringer_n up_o within_o i_o take_v aelian_n to_o be_v in_o the_o right_a for_o if_o the_o amphistomus_fw-la phalange_n must_v have_v the_o front_n and_o rear_v oppose_v to_o the_o enemy_n what_o reason_n be_v there_o why_o the_o amphistomus_fw-la diphalangy_n shall_v not_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n considere_v cap._n 40._o a_o diphalange_n antistomus_n the_o horsmans_n wedge_n front_v that_o the_o diphalangy_n antistomus_n have_v the_o leader_n in_o the_o flank_n as_o the_o phalange_n antistomus_n have_v which_o appear_v not_o only_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n but_o also_o in_o diverse_a other_o place_n of_o this_o book_n neither_o do_v i_o read_v any_o where_o that_o the_o antistomus_n have_v to_o do_v with_o the_o front_n and_o rear_v nor_o the_o amphistomus_fw-la with_o the_o flank_n the_o word_n of_o direction_n in_o the_o amphistomus_fw-la the_o hinder_a 1_o half_a file_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n 2_o charge_v the_o pike_n both_o way_n in_o front_n and_o rear_v to_o restore_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n the_o hindermost_a 1_o advance_v your_o pike_n 2_o half_a file_n face_n as_o you_o be_v of_o the_o diphalange_n antistomus_n chap._n xxxx_n a_o diphalange_n antistomus_n be_v that_o which_o have_v the_o fileleader_n place_v not_o in_o a_o deduction_n outward_o but_o inward_o face_n to_o face_n one_o against_o another_o and_o the_o reare-commander_n without_o one_o half_a in_o right_n the_o other_o half_o in_o a_o left_a deduction_n this_o form_n be_v use_v against_o horse_n which_o give_v on_o and_o charge_v wedge-wise_a for_o the_o wedge_n shoot_v forth_o in_o a_o point_n and_o have_v the_o commander_n follow_v in_o the_o flank_n and_o endeavour_v to_o dissever_v and_o break_v the_o front_n of_o the_o foot_n the_o leader_n of_o the_o foot_n foreseeing_a their_o
81._o a_o battle_n and_o to_o behold_v a_o direct_a space_n betwixt_o file_n and_o rank_n for_o that_o be_v the_o grace_n and_o beauty_n as_o i_o may_v term_v it_o of_o a_o phalange_n order_v for_o fight_n this_o proportion_n can_v be_v maintain_v without_o observe_v distance_n curious_o open_v order_n be_v six_o foot_n both_o in_o rank_n and_o file_n betwixt_o man_n and_o man_n every_o way_n if_o then_o any_o soldier_n in_o file_n gather_v up_o to_o his_o leader_n and_o stand_v at_o distance_n of_o three_o foot_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o his_o rank_n be_v thereby_o disturb_v and_o make_v uneven_a although_o the_o file_n continue_v straight_o contrariwise_o if_o he_o bear_v himself_o out_o of_o his_o place_n three_o foot_n towards_o either_o of_o his_o sideman_n by_o this_o mean_v he_o disorder_v his_o file_n and_o make_v it_o crooked_a this_o fault_n if_o it_o be_v commit_v by_o many_o a_o general_a disorder_n will_v follow_v in_o the_o body_n and_o therefore_o aelian_n well_o advise_v to_o keep_v the_o first_o distance_n especial_o till_o you_o be_v command_v to_o the_o second_o or_o three_o distance_n which_o will_v often_o fall_v out_o in_o the_o four_o motion_n of_o which_o facing_n be_v the_o first_o and_o the_o word_n of_o motion_n direction_n in_o it_o be_v these_o as_o before_o in_o aelian_n 12_o face_n to_o the_o pike_n 25._o that_o be_v face_n to_o the_o tight_a hand_n for_o the_o pike_n be_v always_o bear_v in_o the_o right_a hand_n 14_o face_n to_o the_o target_n the_o pike-man_n in_o the_o macedonian_a army_n bear_v target_n on_o their_o left_a arm_n or_o on_o the_o left_a side_n so_o that_o face_n to_o the_o target_n be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o word_n of_o command_n face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n 16_o face_n about_o to_o the_o pike_n or_o target_n that_o be_v face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n but_o where_o he_o add_v move_v a_o little_a further_o he_o signify_v that_o the_o direction_n be_v not_o full_o accomplish_v and_o he_o will_v have_v the_o soldier_n continue_v their_o motion_n till_o their_o face_n be_v full_o come_v about_o to_o the_o rear_n and_o then_o he_o will_v they_o to_o stand_v so_o because_o they_o have_v gain_v their_o place_n these_o face_n here_o express_v by_o aelian_n be_v of_o the_o whole_a body_n other_o face_n of_o the_o part_n he_o have_v not_o set_v down_o which_o notwithstanding_o be_v oftentimes_o of_o great_a use_n for_o say_v the_o enemy_n charge_v in_o front_n and_o rear_v your_o front_n must_v continue_v as_o it_o do_v but_o the_o word_n for_o the_o rear_n be_v phalange_n half_a file_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n if_o the_o enemy_n charge_v you_o on_o both_o flank_n then_o be_v the_o word_n of_o command_n phalange_n half_n rank_n face_n to_o the_o right_n halft_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n if_o in_o front_n and_o one_o flank_n the_o front_n stand_v firm_a and_o the_o word_n for_o the_o flank_n that_o be_v charge_v be_v half_a rank_n of_o the_o 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file_n when_o they_o double_v the_o odd_a file_n and_o the_o word_n be_v double_v your_o file_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n another_o manner_n be_v when_o half_o the_o body_n of_o file_n convey_v itself_o into_o the_o space_n oâ—_n the_o other_o half_n of_o the_o body_n be_v it_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n according_a to_o direction_n give_v so_o that_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o the_o half_a body_n which_o be_v to_o move_v fall_v into_o the_o space_n next_o after_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o the_o half_a body_n that_o stand_v and_o so_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n of_o the_o half_a body_n that_o move_v and_o the_o word_n be_v half_n the_o body_n double_v your_o file_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n another_o be_v when_o file_n be_v double_v by_o a_o countermarch_n as_o if_o the_o second_o file_n of_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n as_o it_o be_v appoint_v countermarch_n and_o the_o leader_n of_o that_o file_n place_n himself_o behind_o the_o bringer_n 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with_o the_o stand_a halfe-file_n then_o the_o word_n be_v rear_n halfe-file_n double_v your_o front_n by_o division_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n another_o way_n be_v when_o the_o reare-halfe-file_n undivided_a face_n to_o the_o hand_n appoint_v and_o be_v beyond_o the_o flank_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n face_n to_o the_o front_n and_o sleeve_n up_o and_o join_v in_o front_n with_o the_o stand_a halfe-file_n the_o word_n be_v reare-halfe-file_n enter_v double_a your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o all_o these_o motion_n of_o double_a rank_n or_o front_n the_o soldier_n be_v to_o return_v after_o
their_o motion_n to_o their_o first_o posture_n which_o be_v do_v by_o face_v about_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n and_o then_o by_o move_v and_o by_o recover_v their_o first_o place_n the_o word_n be_v as_o you_o be_v countermarch_v be_v the_o three_o motion_n use_v in_o the_o change_n of_o a_o battle_n the_o use_n and_o necessity_n thereof_o appear_v in_o aelian_a before_o and_o that_o there_o be_v two_o motion_n kind_n one_o by_o file_n the_o other_o by_o rank_n the_o word_n of_o command_n that_o he_o here_o set_v down_o be_v only_o of_o countermarch_n by_o file_n which_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o two_o kind_n viz._n the_o countermarch_v of_o the_o front_n and_o the_o countermarch_v of_o the_o rear_n that_o of_o the_o front_n have_v likewise_o two_o kind_n the_o lacedaemonian_a and_o the_o chorean_a that_o of_o the_o rear_n only_o one_o and_o it_o be_v call_v the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v now_o aelians_n direction_n follow_v 20_o the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o countermarche_n by_o file_n and_o of_o the_o front_n the_o manner_n be_v that_o the_o fileleader_n begin_v the_o countermarch_v and_o paâ—â—e_v beyond_o the_o rear_n their_o file_n follow_v they_o in_o our_o exercise_n the_o word_n be_v countermarch_v the_o front_n to_o the_o right_n or_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n it_o be_v do_v after_o another_o sort_n also_o as_o when_o the_o bringers-up_a face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n and_o then_o the_o whole_a body_n face_v about_o to_o the_o same_o hand_n pass_v through_o the_o space_n of_o the_o bringer_n up_o to_o the_o same_o hand_n and_o the_o nine_o rank_n begin_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n after_o one_o another_o place_n themselves_o every_o paticular_a man_n before_o his_o follower_n in_o the_o same_o file_n till_o the_o fileleader_n be_v first_o the_o word_n be_v bringer_n up_o face_n to_o the_o right_n or_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o rest_n beginning_n at_o the_o nine_o rank_n 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to_o charge_v he_o in_o front_n and_o on_o both_o flank_n at_o one_o time_n but_o the_o convexe_n half_a moon_n avoid_v that_o danger_n meet_v the_o enemy_n with_o the_o bear_n out_o of_o the_o half_a circle_n and_o give_v the_o two_o wing_n of_o the_o epicampios_fw-la enough_o to_o do_v be_v not_o to_o be_v annoy_v with_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o hollowness_n which_o remain_v a_o pretty_a distance_n more_o backward_o than_o the_o point_n of_o the_o wing_n so_o that_o this_o form_n be_v fit_a to_o be_v oppose_v against_o the_o epicampios_fw-la and_o lose_v no_o advantage_n of_o embattail_v and_o it_o avoid_v the_o peril_n of_o the_o hollow_a front_n by_o not_o enter_v and_o yet_o maintain_v the_o fight_n against_o the_o two_o wing_n that_o be_v thruâ—_n out_o to_o encompass_v be_v of_o sufficient_a strength_n to_o encounter_v the_o epicampios_fw-la either_o of_o they_o not_o dissolve_v their_o form_n or_o notwithstanding_o that_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o epicampios_fw-la retire_v as_o 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of_o aelian_n as_o also_o the_o wedge_n of_o horse_n from_o which_o this_o wedge_n of_o foot_n as_o aelian_n say_v be_v derive_v it_o will_v be_v therefore_o needless_a to_o repeat_v what_o be_v there_o write_v about_o the_o form_n and_o diversity_n of_o they_o or_o to_o make_v comparison_n of_o their_o use_n and_o advantage_n against_o the_o rhombe_n of_o horse_n if_o they_o come_v to_o charge_v foot_n he_o have_v set_v down_o two_o form_n of_o foot_n to_o receive_v they_o the_o crescent_n and_o the_o hollow-fronted_n battle_n call_v epicampios_fw-la emprosthia_fw-la which_o upon_o this_o â—eason_n because_o they_o be_v hollow_a in_o front_n both_o and_o the_o rhombe_n shoot_v forth_o and_o charge_v in_o a_o point_n must_v of_o necessity_n by_o receive_v that_o point_n into_o their_o hollowness_n and_o ply_v it_o with_o
to_o be_v change_v nor_o any_o number_n of_o soldier_n to_o be_v transport_v to_o other_o place_n than_o they_o have_v for_o hereof_o tumult_n and_o confusion_n will_v straight_o arise_v and_o the_o enemy_n will_v easy_o take_v advantage_n of_o such_o as_o be_v not_o ready_a or_o fallout_v to_o be_v disorder_v i_o have_v say_v that_o the_o latin_n and_o grecian_n differ_v in_o the_o name_n of_o this_o battle_n howbeit_o they_o agree_v both_o about_o the_o form_n which_o may_v here_o appear_v by_o aelian_n who_o resemble_v it_o to_o the_o letter_n v_n neither_o can_v there_o a_o better_a resemblance_n be_v make_v for_o as_o the_o letter_n v_n consist_v of_o two_o line_n which_o be_v open_a in_o the_o top_n close_o in_o the_o bottom_n so_o do_v this_o form_n of_o battle_n of_o two_o side_n which_o in_o front_n be_v void_a open_a and_o dissever_v in_o the_o rear_n join_v and_o close_v fast_o together_o if_o you_o will_v therefore_o frame_v this_o battle_n you_o must_v first_o make_v a_o square_a the_o fileleader_n be_v all_o in_o front_n then_o must_v you_o wheel_v the_o wing_n of_o your_o battle_n into_o the_o midst_n and_o so_o your_o fileleader_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o midst_n last_o you_o be_v to_o open_v the_o front_n of_o your_o battle_n leave_v half_o the_o fileleader_n in_o the_o inside_n of_o one_o flank_n and_o half_a in_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o other_o keep_v the_o rear_n close_o knit_v together_o and_o for_o the_o open_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v somewhat_o more_o than_o will_v receive_v into_o the_o void_a space_n the_o front_n of_o the_o right_a induction_n which_o be_v once_o let_v in_o the_o inward_a two_o flank_n of_o the_o wedge_n where_o the_o fileleader_n be_v aught_o to_o face_n to_o both_o hand_n and_o to_o charge_v the_o outward_a flank_n of_o the_o right_a induction_n and_o so_o circumvent_v they_o 7._o furthermore_o a_o triphalange_n a_o triphalange_n in_o this_o place_n of_o aelian_n be_v when_o a_o square_a body_n or_o phalange_n be_v 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the_o hollowness_n the_o other_o charge_v the_o other_o now_o it_o have_v this_o advantage_n beside_o that_o it_o spare_v reserve_v for_o all_o occasion_n by_o off-holding_a the_o three_o phalange_n if_o the_o caelembolos_fw-la be_v beat_v by_o the_o two_o oppose_a phalanges_fw-la all_o be_v lose_v and_o no_o hope_n leave_v of_o win_v the_o field_n no_o other_o force_n be_v to_o second_v it_o where_o notwithstanding_o the_o caelembolos_fw-la have_v get_v the_o better_a may_v be_v curb_v and_o the_o victory_n arrest_v by_o this_o reserve_v and_o by_o the_o remnant_n of_o the_o other_o two_o phalanges_fw-la break_v word_n of_o direction_n in_o the_o right_a induction_n 1_o the_o right-corner_n xenagy_n march_v out_o so_o be_v it_o of_o all_o other_o body_n if_o they_o begin_v the_o march_n 2_o the_o rest_n follow_v in_o xenagies_n direction_n for_o the_o caelembolos_fw-la 1._o wheel_v the_o wing_n of_o your_o battle_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o your_o body_n so_o shall_v the_o file-leader_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n but_o we_o must_v note_v that_o the_o two_o middlemost_a leader_n must_v be_v centor_n for_o the_o other_o to_o wheel_v about_o 2._o open_v your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n keep_v your_o rear_n close_o for_o the_o triphalange_n 1_o the_o two_o wing_n face_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n the_o middle_n remain_v as_o it_o be_v 2_o match_n out_o to_o the_o distance_n require_v that_o be_v to_o be_v able_a to_o meet_v in_o a_o right_a line_n the_o two_o front_n of_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o caelembolos_fw-la 3_o stand_v when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o place_n require_v 4_o face_n as_o you_o be_v 5_o advance_v and_o charge_v of_o paragoge_n or_o deduction_n chap._n xxxvii_o 1_o parogoge_n or_o deduction_n be_v when_o the_o phalange_n proceed_v in_o 2_o a_o wing_n not_o by_o 3_o file_n but_o by_o rank_n have_v the_o commander_n or_o fileleader_n either_o on_o the_o right-hand_a which_o be_v call_v a_o right_a hand_n deduction_n or_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n which_o be_v a_o left-hand_a deduction_n for_o the_o phalange_n march_v in_o a_o 4_o double_a treble_a or_o quadruple_a front_n according_a to_o the_o place_n or_o part_v it_o be_v suspect_v the_o enemy_n will_v give_v on_o and_o both_o the_o paragogy_n begin_v the_o fight_n in_o flank_n do_v 5_o make_v the_o length_n doubt_n to_o the_o depth_n this_o form_n of_o fight_n be_v devise_v to_o teach_v a_o soldier_n to_o receive_v heedful_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n not_o only_o in_o front_n but_o also_o in_o flank_n note_n 1_o deduction_n be_v when_o the_o phalange_n induction_n be_v speak_v of_o deduction_n follow_v which_o be_v the_o second_o kind_n of_o march_n for_o these_o be_v no_o cap._n 37._o a_o four_o front_a phalange_n against_o all_o allempte_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o front_n of_o the_o rear_v the_o front_n of_o the_o right_a flank_n the_o front_n of_o the_o leave_v flank_v the_o front_n of_o the_o narch_n other_o kind_n than_o 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fileleader_n on_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n if_o on_o the_o left_a it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o left-hand_a deduction_n if_o on_o the_o right_n a_o right-hand_a deduction_n he_o make_v no_o mention_n of_o a_o wing_n as_o aelian_n do_v for_o it_o may_v so_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o body_n may_v be_v such_o as_o have_v the_o depth_n and_o breadth_n all_o one_o as_o a_o xenagy_n which_o have_v sixteen_o in_o breadth_n and_o sixteen_o in_o depth_n some_o body_n also_o as_o the_o taxi_n and_o tetrarchy_n have_v the_o depth_n less_o than_o the_o breadth_n the_o first_o hold_v sixteen_o in_o depth_n &_o no_o more_o than_o eight_o in_o breadth_n the_o last_o four_o in_o breadth_n and_o sixteen_o in_o depth_n so_o that_o they_o march_v not_o in_o a_o wing_n but_o because_o march_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v undertake_v in_o a_o wing_n it_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o aelian_n say_v that_o deduction_n proceed_v in_o a_o wing_n the_o depth_n whereof_o manifold_o exceed_v the_o length_n and_o they_o proceed_v 3._o not_o by_o file_n but_o by_o rank_n that_o be_v the_o fileleader_n be_v wheel_v to_o the_o flank_n after_o they_o have_v settle_v themselves_o to_o march_v proceed_v on_o their_o journey_n as_o they_o stand_v in_o the_o flank_n only_o face_v that_o way_n the_o march_n be_v intend_v and_o return_v not_o to_o lead_v in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n as_o they_o do_v at_o first_o to_o lead_v by_o file_n be_v when_o the_o fileleader_n proceed_v and_o have_v their_o file_n follow_v at_o their_o back_n to_o lead_v by_o rank_n be_v when_o that_o which_o be_v the_o flank_n at_o first_o become_v the_o front_n and_o begin_v the_o march_n and_o the_o rest_n follow_v according_o flanke-wise_a yet_o this_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o albeit_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v change_v in_o the_o deduction_n