Divisions of Musqueteers marked with the letters C B D have thus presented command them to give fire together And when these Musqueteers before spoken of have fired let the three first ranks of the three Divisions of Musqueteers marked with the letters C B D remain kneeling on their right knees Then command the second ranks of the three Divisions of Musqueteers to kneel upon their right knees as close to their Leaders right knees as they can Then command the last ranks of the three Divisions of Musqueteers marked with the letters C B D to march up to their Leaders stepping with their right legs within side of their Leaders right knees and step forwards with their left legs without side their Leaders left legs and present their Musquets over their Leaders heads and then command them to give fire After the last rank of the three Divisions of Musqueteers marked with the letters C B D have fired command the two first ranks of Musqueteers of the aforesaid three Divisions of Musqueteers which are kneeling to stand up commanding your Division of Musqueteers marked with the letter A and the three Divisions of Musqueteers marked with the letters C B D to march on easily and make ready again and when they are ready let them give fire in the same order as they did before This order of marching and giving fire must be observed by all the other Divisions of Foot that are to fight in the Body of an Army Or if you approve not of the way of Musqueteers firing as is here set down you may subdivide them after the old manner and so command them to give fire The order that this Division of foot marked with the letters A B C D must observe to defend themselves against Horse is after this manner as you shall see them placed in the next figure marked with the figures 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 And the way to bring the three Divisions of Musqueteers and one of Pikes marked with the letters A B C D to the order of the figure following marked with the figures 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 is done after this manner You must command the last rank of Musqueteers of the Division of Musqueteers marked with the letter B to turn to their right hands then command an Officer to draw them away on one side of the right hand file of the Pikes and draw them in between the third and fourth ranks of Pikes marked with the letter A. Then command your Pikemen to advance their Pikes and close their files and ranks to their close order Then command the Division of Pikes to advance forward till they come within three feet of the last rank of Musqueteers which are in the front of the Pikes Then command the two last ranks of the Division of Musqueteers marked with the letter C to turn to their left hands Then command the two last ranks of the Divisions of Musqueteers marked with the letter D to turn to their right hands Then command two Officers to lead these four files of Musqueteers which were before four ranks into the reer of the Pikes marked with the letter A the which four files are there to meet and joyn together in the reer of the Pikes Then command those Musqueteers which did before turn to their left hands to turn to their right hands and those Musqueteers which before turned to their right hands to turn to their left hands Then command the first rank of Musqueteers which is only left of the Division of Musqueteers marked with the letter C to turn to their left hands Then command an Officer to lead them down close on the out-side of the right hand file of the Pikes and when the Officer hath brought the Leader of the file of Musqueteers right against the bringer up of the right hand file of Pikes command the file of Musqueteers to stand Then command the half file of that file of Musqueteers to double his front to the left hand Then command those two files of Musqueteers to turn to their right hands about Then command the first rank which is left of the Division of Musqueteers marked with the letter D to turn to their right hands commanding an Officer to lead them down close on the out-side of the left hand file of the Pikes and when the Officer hath brought the Leader of the file of Musqueteers right against the bringer up of the left hand file of the Pikes command the file of Musqueteers to stand Then command the half file of that file of Musqueteers to double his front to the right hand Then command those two files of Musqueteers to turn to their right hands about Then command the Musqueteers which have not as yet closed their ranks and files to close their ranks and files to their close order and file and rank even with the Pikes This which is here set down is the readiest and easiest way to bring the former figure marked with the letters A B C D unto the order of this figure following marked with the figures 1 2 3 4 5 6 7. And this Division of Foot is now in a readiness to withstand the charge of any Horse The figure marked with the figure 1 is a Division of Pikes consisting of four and twenty files and three deep The figure marked with the figure 2 is a Division of Pikes of the like number that the figure 1 is The two ranks of small pricks in the front of the Pikes figured with the figure 3 are two ranks of Musqueteers having four and twenty in a rank The two ranks of small pricks in the reer of the Pikes marked with the figure 4 are two ranks of Musqueteers having four and twenty in a rank The two files of pricks on the right hand of the Division of Pikes marked with the figure 5 are two files of Musqueteers six deep and the like are the two files of pricks on the left hand of the Division of Pikes marked with the figure 6. The little strokes at the corner of the Division of Foot marked with the figure 7 stand for Officers And the rank of small pricks between the two Divisions of Pikes marked with the figures 1 and 2 are one rank of Musqueteers consisting of four and twenty Musqueteers in number You see in this figure marked with the figures 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 the Musqueteers standing under the shelter of the Pikes the Pikes and the Musqueteers being all at their close order and in a readiness to receive a charge from Horse and the Pikes sheltering the Musqueteers every way upon occasion from the force of the Horse Now the way how these Musqueteers and Pikemen shall defend themselves against Horse I will here declare unto you If you perceive your Enemies Horse to divide themselves into four parts to charge any one Division of Foot which is placed in this manner as you see them in this foregoing figure then command the two right hand files of Pikes and
Divisions of Horse and Foot I mean those Divisions of Horse and Foot that are to be imbattelled together in a day of Battel on the flanks of the Body of Foot to be ready to march when occasion shall serve or to be imbattelled And this order which shall be here set down for this one Division of Horse figured with the Letter A in the following Figure and the two Divisions of Foot figured with the Letters B C D E F G the same order ought to be observed after the same manner for a march when you come near an Enemy By this means your Army will be much the sooner imbattelled upon any occasion and always in a readiness to receive your Enemy if so be your Divisions of Horse and Foot when they march be of the same strength as you desire to have them when they are imbattelled to fight and that you march your Divisions of Horse and Foot by Brigades as you do intend to fight them The Figure before figured with the letter A standeth for a Division of Horse the order that they are in in rank and file is their order The figures figured with B C D E F G are small Divisions of Foot the which shall be at large demonstrated in this following observation the order that they stand at in rank and file is their order viz. three foot in file and six in rank The distance of ground between the Divisions of Musqueeteers D F and the Division of Horse A is thirty paces three feet to the pace And this distance of ground of thirty paces between the two Divisions of Musqueeters D F and the Division of Horse marked with the letter A ought to be when the Divisions of Horse and Foot are imbattelled to fight The distance of ground between the Division of Musqueteers and the Divisions of Pikes is twelve Footmen Which are Pikes and which are Musqueteers this following demonstration will declare unto you The figure before figured with the letter A is a Division of Horse of threescore in front and three deep and in the strength of the Division is an hundred and eighty Horse The figure with six files and six ranks of small pricks figured with the letter C is a Division of Musqueteers in strength six and thirty each small prick standing for a Musqueteer The figure figured with the Letter B with cross strokes is a Division of Pikes of twelve files and six deep The strength of the Division is seventy two Pikemen and each stroke standing in way of a rank standeth for a rank of Pikes being twelve in rank and each stroke standing in way of a file is to be accounted for a File six deep The figure figured with the letter D is a Division of Musqueteers of the same strength that the figure C is The figures figured with the Letters E F G are the same that B C D and the little small strokes in the Front Reer and Flanks of the Divisions of Horse and Foot stand for Officers When these two Divisions of Foot and one of Horse are to march away by small sub-divisions as the way will give leave then the right-hand division of Foot figured with B C D is first to march away next the Division of Horse signified by the Letter A then the left-hand Division of Foot figured with the Letters E F G is to follow the Division of Horse figured with the Letter A. You are to appoint to every Division of Horse two Divisions of Foot like as you see in this former figure of A B C D E F G if your Foot will hold out to do it If you have not so many as to do it you ought not to fail to flank each Division of Horse in the Van-guard of your Army with two Divisions of Foot as is set down in the former figure And each Musqueteer of those Divisions of Foot which are to be imbattelled on the flanks of each Division of Horse ought to have when they come to encounter with the Enemy two pair of Bandaliers or a pair of Bandaliers and a dozen of Charrages in each Musqueteers Pocket Likewise each Musqueteer ought to have twelve spare Botlets besides his Bandaliers furnished with Powder and Bullet and each two Divisions of Foot ought to have a Powder-Bag full of Powder carried along with them All the Divisions of Horse and Foot that are to be imbattelled together on the flanks of your Army in a day of Battel for the Wings of your Battel being divided into Brigades are to march after this order as is here set down for the marching of this one Division of Horse and two of Foot when you are near an Enemy and marching towards him This way of fighting Foot amongst Horse is much the stronger way of Imbattelling an Army in my judgment then any other that I have either seen or read of and hereafter in a fit place I shall shew sufficient reason for to prove it so to be The following figure marked with the Letters HIKLMNO shall shew you in what manner the Musqueteers in the two Divisions of Foot that are imbattelled on the flanks of each Division of Horse as you see them in the foregoing figure marked with the letters ABCDEFG how I say the aforesaid Musqueteers shall be drawn into a fit Order to give fire on the Enemies Horse or Foot upon any occasion The words of Command that you are to give to the Musqueteers to bring them into the Order of the following Figures KLNO from the Order of the foregoing figures CDFG are these words of Command which follow Command the two first Ranks of the two Divisions of Musqueteers marked with the Letters C and D to march forwards till the two last ranks of the aforesaid two ranks of both the Divisions be twelve foot beyond the front of the Pikes then command them to stand then command the two ranks of Musqueteers that belong to the Division of Musqueteers marked with the letter C to turn to their left hands and the two ranks of Musqueteers marked with the letter D to turn to their right hands then command these four ranks of Musqueteers the which are now files to march forwards till they meet Then command those Musqueteers which before did turn to their right hands to turn to their left hands and those Musqueteers which did turn to their left hands to turn to their right hands and file even with the Pikes Then command the two last ranks of Musqueteers of the two Divisions of Musqueteers marked with the letters CD to turn to their right hands about and march forward till the two reer ranks of both the Divisions be twelve feet beyond the reer rank of Pikes in the Division of Pikes marked with the letter B. Then command the four ranks of Musqueteers to stand commanding the two ranks of Musqueteers that belong to the Division of Musqueteers marked with the letter C to turn to their right hands and the two ranks of
Musqueteers marked with the letter D to turn to their left hands Then command the four ranks of Musqueteers which are now files to march forwards and meet in the reer of the Pikes Then command those Musqueteers which did before turn to their right hands to turn to their right hands again and those Musqueteers which did turn to their left hands to turn to their left hands again and file even with the Pikes Then command the two middlemost ranks of Musqueteers which are left of both the Divisions of Musqueteers marked with the letters C and D to march forward and front even with the Musqueteers in the front of the Pikes Then command the Division of Horse marked with the letter H to close their ranks and files to their close Order and the Division of Pikes marked with the letter B and the two ranks of Musqueteers which are now in the reer of the Pikes to close their ranks and files to their close order The same words of Command and Order must be observed by the two Divisions of Musqueteers marked with the letters GF as is here set down and observed by the two Divisions of Musqueteers C and D. And these words of Command which are here set down will bring the former figure marked with the letters ABCDEFG into the form and order of this following figure marked with the letters HIKLMNOPQRS By the words of Command which are before set down the Musqueteers in the former figure marked with the letters ABCDEFG are brought into this order and form as you see them in the figure marked with the letters HIKLMNOPQRS Now what order this figure marked with the foregoing letters is in I will here declare unto you The Division of Horse marked with the letter H is threescore in front and three deep who are now at their close order in rank and file the which is a foot and half in file and six in rank Likewise the two Divisions of Pikes marked with the letters I and O on the flanks and the four ranks of Musqueteers in the reer of the Pikes marked with the letters L and Q are at their close order in rank and file the which is one foot and an half in file and three in rank Also the three ranks of Musqueteers marked with the letters MKNRPS are at their order in rank and file the which is three foot in file and six in rank These twelve ranks of Musqueteers which are in the front stand ready to advance with the rest of the Horse and Foot against an Enemy and to be commanded to make ready and give fire on the Enemies Horse or Foot as occasion shall serve as you see them in the figures marked with the letters M K N R P S. When these twelve ranks of Musqueteers which are in the front are commanded to give fire upon the Enemy you must command them to do it in this manner Command the twelve ranks of Musqueteers marked with the letters M K N R P S to make ready being ready command them to present the which you must command them to do after this manner Let the first six ranks of Musqueteers before spoken of present kneeling upon their right knees then let the six last ranks of the former twelve ranks of Musqueteers move up close to the first six ranks of Musqueteers which are presenting and kneeling on their right knees Then command all the Musqueteers in the six last ranks to step forward with their right legs within the in-side of their Leaders right legs and step forward with their left legs close up to their Leaders left legs without-side of their Leaders left legs presenting their Musquet over their Leaders heads in the first ranks The twelve ranks of Musqueteers marked with the Letters M K N R P S being thus presented as is here set down command them to give fire together and when they have given fire command them to advance easily with the rest of the Foot and Horse and make ready again and give fire after the same manner again as is before spoken of and so often as you please The four ranks of Musqueteers which are in the reer of the two Divisions of Pikes marked with the letters L and Q will serve if any of your Musqueteers in the front shall be hurt or slain Now I have shewed you how the Musqueteers in the Divisions of Foot which are to fight on the flanks of each Division of Horse in a day of Battel are to give fire on the Enemies Horse I will now shew you in the next figure marked with the figures of 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 how the Musqueteers shall be sheltered by the Pikes from the Enemies Horse when they shall charge the Divisions of Foot which are on the flanks of each Division of Horse But first I will set down the way how you shall bring the Musqueteers in the former figure marked with the letters M N R S to the order as you shall see them in this following figure marked with the figures 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12. You must command the two ranks of Musqueteers six in front and two deep on the right hand Division of Foot marked with the letter M to turn to their left hands and command an Officer to lead them down on the right hand flank of the Division of Pikes marked with the letter I keeping one foot and an half distance from the right hand file of the aforesaid Division of Pikes until he bring the two men that were the left hand men of the two ranks of Musqueteers marked with the letter M even with the bringers up of the right hand file of the Division of Pikes marked with the Letter I. Then command them to turn to their right hands about and close their ranks and files to their close order After that command the two ranks of Musqueteers six in front and two deep on the left hand of the aforesaid Division of Pikes marked with the letter N command I say those two ranks of Musqueteers to turn to their right hands and command an Officer to lead them down on the left hand on the left hand flank of the Division of Pikes marked with the letter I keeping one foot and an half distance from the left hand file of the Division of Pikes marked with the letter I until he bringeth the two men that were the right hand men of the two ranks of Musqueteers marked with the letter N even with the bringers up of the left hand file of the Division of Pikes marked with the letter I. Then command the two files of Musqueteers the which were before ranks which you have drawn down on the left hand flank of the Division of Pikes marked with the letter I to turn to their right hands about then command them to close their ranks and files to their close order The same order must be observed with the four ranks of Musqueteers six in front
and two deep marked with the letters R and S on the right and left hand of the left hand Division of Pikes marked with the letter O as is here before set down for the four ranks of Musqueteers marked with the letters M and N. Then command the four ranks of Musqueteers marked with the letters K and P to close their ranks and files to their close order And these words of Command before set down will bring the former figure marked with the letters I K L M N O P Q R S to the order of this figure marked with the figures of 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12. By these words of Command before set down you see the Musqueteers marked with the letters M N R S P K in the figure before this former figure are now brought into this order as you see them in this figure before marked with the figures of 5 6 11 12 9 3 under shelter of the Pikes The Musqueteers and Pikes being at their close order standing in a readiness to receive a charge from Horse and the Pikes to shelter the Musqueteers every way upon occasion from the force of the Horse The figure marked with the figure 1 is a Division of Horse threescore in front and three deep being at their close order The way how the Musqueteers shall be sheltred by the Pikes from Horse I will here declare unto you Command the two right hand files and the two left hand files of the Division of Pikes marked with the figure 2 the which Division of Pikes is twelve files of Pikes and six deep to charge to their right and left hands the two right hand files to the right hand and the two left hand files of Pikes to the left hand over the shoulders of the Musqueteers on the right and left hand marked with the figures 5 and 6 commanding these four files of Musqueteers marked with the aforesaid two figures to turn to their right and left hands When the two right hand files and the two left hand files of Pikes of the figure marked with the figure 2 are commanded to charge to the right and left hands then command the other eight files of Pikes of the figure 2 which have not as yet charged their Pikes I say command the three first ranks of those eight files to charge their Pikes to the front over the shoulders of the Musqueteers marked with the figure 3. Then command the three last ranks of Pikes of the eight files of Pikes to charge to the reer over the shoulders of the two ranks of Musqueteers marked with the figure 4. And these two ranks of Musqueteers in the reer marked with the figure 4 must observe to turn to their right hands about when the Pikes are commanded to charge to the reer The same Order and words of Command the which are here set down for the right hand Division of Foot marked with the figures 2 3 4 5 6 7 must be observed by the Officers of the left hand Division of Foot marked with the figures 7 8 9 10 11 12. The Musqueteers which are placed without-side of the Pikes marked with the figures 3 4 5 6 9 10 11 12 must stand ready with their Matches Cocks and Pans guarded and ready to give fire either by one rank at a time or two ranks as the Officers shall see occasion to command them which must be done after this manner If you command only the outermost ranks to give fire then must you command them to present kneeling on their right knees and command them to level so low that they shoot at the Horse legs and by that means they will shoot clear under the tops of your Pikes being charged If you please to command two ranks of Musqueteers to give fire at one time the Musqueteers being ready to present command your Pikemen to port their Pikes then command all your Musqueteers to present the first rank of Musqueteers kneeling on their right knees the second rank of Musqueteers must move up close to the first rank of Musqueteers every Musqueteer in the second rank stepping forward with his right leg within the inside of their Leaders right legs and step forwards with their left legs close up by their Leaders left legs without-side of their Leaders left legs and so present their Musquets over their Leaders heads After the Musqueteers in the first rank have thus presented command them to give fire then may you if occasion serve command your Pikemen to charge their Pikes again and your Musqueteers to make ready again But here some may object that if any one of these two Divisions of Foot marked with the figures 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 should be charged by Horse several ways at once then the four corners of the Division of Foot will be ill defended by reason that the two outermost files of Pikes to the right and left hand are charging to their right and left hands so by this means they conceive the four corners of the Division of Foot will be left naked for want of Pikes to defend them To prevent this objection the Captains Lieutenants and Serjeants ought to be placed on the four corners of a Division of Foot with the Musqueteers as you see them in this foregoing figure marked with the figure 7. For you must understand that each little long stroke at the corners of the Division of Foot standeth for an Officer Now all the Captains that command the Foot on the flanks of each Division of Horse in a day of Battel ought to have Pikes and the Lieutenants and Serjeants ought to have Partizans and Halberts of eleven foot in length In this Service against the Horse are two chief things that the Commanders of the Foot who command any Foot amongst the Horse in a day of Battel ought to give their Souldiers a strict charge to observe the first is that the Musqueteers when they are to give fire should always take aim at the Horses legs The second observation is that your Pikemen charge their Pikes against the Horses and not against the Horsemen when the Foot are charged by Horse and that your Pikemen charge not their Pikes until the Enemies Horses are come within forty paces of your Foot If you fight Foot among your Horse on the flank of your Army as you see them placed in these two figures before marked with the letters HIKLMNOPQRS and the figures 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12. Then you must observe when your Enemies Horse come to charge your Horse or the Foot on the flanks of your Division of Horse that your Divisions of Horse move not from the two Divisions of Foot on their flanks unless your Enemies Horse be put to the retreat but to keep an even front with the two Divisions of Foot on their flanks and receive their Enemies Charge keeping the aforesaid order But in case your Enemies Horse rout any one of the
may charge an Enemy three several ways with a Division of Horse of three hundred in strength being sub-divided as you see them in this foregoing figure whereas you can charge an Enemy but one way with a Division of Horse of three hundred in strength being all in one body The first of the three ways to charge your Enemy with a Division of Horse of three hundred in strength and sub-divided is in this manner when a Division of Horse thus sub-divided into five equal parts cometh within forty paces of your Enemies Division of Horse which they are to charge then let the two sub-divisions of Horse marked with the letters D and H advance and charge their Enemies Division of Horse on the flanks and then let the other three sub-divisions of Horse marked with the letters E F G advance and charge their Enemy in the front of their Division at the same time The second way is this when you come within forty paces of your Enemies Division of Horse then command the three sub-divisions of Horse marked with the letters D â— H to advance upon a trot and charge their Enemy then command the other two sub-divisions marked with the letters E and G to follow upon an easie pace until they see that the three sub-divisions marked with the letters D F H be mingled with their Enemy Then let the two sub-divisions marked with the letters E and G have order to advance upon a good round trot and charge their Enemy The third way of charging your Enemy is to command the five sub-divisions of Horse marked the letters D E F G H to charge the Enemy together in an even front And I account either of these three ways better to charge a Division of the Enemies Horse to rout them than to charge a Division of the Enemies Horse with a Division of three hundred Horse in one Body together without being sub-divided CHAP. XV. By the following Figures are declared what Strength each Division of Foot ought to be to Fight a Battel and Encounter with Foot and the order that must be observed for doing the same and how they shall easily and readily be in order to defend themselves against the charge of any Horse FOR Field-Service you must observe to have as many Pikes as Musqueteers amongst your Foot and each Division of Foot ought to be two hundred eighty eight in strength half Pikemen and half Musqueteers and you must rank your men but six deep so that in the Division of two hundred eighty eight men there will be four and twenty files of Pikes and four and twenty files of Musqueteers six deep The order that they must be drawn into to be in readiness to fight with Foot and to defend themselves against Horse shall be declared unto you by the following figures But in the first place I will shew you the order that these four and twenty files of Pikes and four and twenty files of Musqueteers must be drawn into The first order that the aforesaid two hundred eighty eight men must be drawn into is as you shall see them in this following figure marked with the figures 1 2 3 and the distance that they are at in rank and file is their Order The figure marked with the figure 1 is a Division of Pikes of four and twenty files six deep The six ranks of small pricks marked with the figure 2 are a Division of Musqueteers consisting of twelve files six deep And the like are six ranks of pricks on the left hand of the Division of Pikes figured with the figure 3. Now the way that you must observe to bring these four and twenty files of Pikes and four and twenty files of Musqueteers into the order as you see them in the following figure marked with the letters A B C is by these words of Command Command the three first ranks of Musqueteers of the two Divisions of Musqueteers marked with the figures 2 and 3 to march forward till the last ranks of Musqueteers of both the Divisions of Musqueteers have marched twelve feet beyond the first ranks of Pikes Then command them to stand and cause the three ranks of Musqueteers at the left hand to turn to their right hands and the three ranks of Musqueteers on the right hand to turn to their left hands Then command them to march forward and joyn together before the Division marked with the letter A. Then command the Musqueteers which before you commanded to turn to their left hands now to turn to their right hands and those Musqueteers that you commanded before to turn to their right hands command them to turn to their left hands Then file the Musqueteers that you have brought before the front of the Pikes even with the files of Pikes Then command the other six ranks of Musqueteers on the right and left hand of the Division of Pikes to advance forwards and front with the Musqueteers which are in the front of the Pikes leaving eighteen foot distance between the Divisions of Musqueteers marked with the letters C and B and B and D as you see them in this following figure marked with the letters A B C D and the distance that they are at in rank and file is their Order The figure marked with the letter A is a Division of Pikes consisting of four and twenty files six deep The three ranks of small pricks marked with the letter B are four and twenty files of Musqueteers three deep The three ranks of small pricks marked with the letter C are twelve files of Musqueteers three deep the like are the three ranks of Musqueteers marked with the letter D. And the Musqueteers standing in this order as you see them in this foregoing figure marked with the letters B C D are now in a readiness to give fire on an Enemy Now the way that the Musqueteers must observe in firing on their Enemy is thus Command both your Pikemen and Musqueteers to shoulder their Arms and march together in the same order as you see them in the foregoing figure marked with the letters A B C D commanding the three Divisions of Musqueteers marked with the letters B C D to make ready and when the Musqueteers are all ready command the two first ranks of Musqueteers in the aforesaid three Divisions of Musqueteers to present The three first ranks of the three Divisions of Musqueteers marked with the letters C B D must present kneeling upon their right knees The second ranks of the aforesaid Divisions of Musqueteers must march up close to the three first ranks of Musqueteers which are presenting on their right knees every Musqueteer in the second rank stepping forwards with their right legs within the in side of their Leaders right legs and then step forwards with their left legs close up to their Leaders left legs without-side of their legs and present their Musquets over their Leaders heads in their first ranks And after the two first ranks of Musqueteers of the three
the two left hand files of Pikes of the six ranks of Pikes marked with the figures 1 and 2 to charge to their right and left hands over the shoulders of the Musqueteers on the right and left hand marked with the figures 5 and 6. Command also the four files of Musqueteers marked with the aforesaid two figures to turn to their right and left hands When the two right hand files of Pikes are commanded to charge to their right and left hands then command the other twenty files of Pikes in the first three ranks of Pikes marked with the figure 1 to Charge to the front over the shoulders of the Musqueteers marked with the figure 3. Then command the twenty files of Pikes marked with the figure 2 to Charge to the reer over the shoulders of the two ranks of Musqueteers in the reer marked with the figure 4. And the aforesaid Musqueteers must observe to turn to their right hands about when the Pikes are commanded to charge to the reer The Musqueteers which are placed without-side of the Pikes marked with the figures 3 4 5 and 6 must stand ready with their Matches Cock and Pans guarded and to be ready to give fire either by one rank at a time or two ranks as the Officers shall see occasion to command them the which must be done after this manner If you command only the outermost ranks of Musqueteers to give fire then must you command them to present kneeling on their right knees and command them to level so low with their Musquets that they may shoot at the horses legs by that means they will shoot clear under the tops of your Pikes being charged If you please to command two ranks of Musqueteers to give fire at one time then as soon as the Musqueteers are ready to present command your Pikemen to port their Pikes then command all the Musqueteers without-side of the Pikes to present where the first ranks of Musqueteers are to kneel on their right knees then the second tanks of Musqueteers must move up close to the first ranks of Musqueteers every Musqueteer in the second ranks stepping forwards with their right legs within the in-side of their Leaders right legs then they must step forwards with their left legs close up by their Leaders left legs without-side of their Leaders legs and present their Musquets over their Leaders heads in the first rank When the Musqueteers have thus presented command them to give fire And if Horse charge a Division of Foot which stand in the same order that this Division of Horse doth marked with the figures 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 You must command your Pikemen to charge again and be careful to place the Captains Lieutenants and Serjeants of the Division on the four corners of the Division as you see them in the foregoing figure marked with the figure 7. CHAP. XVI Some Observations concerning the Marching of an Army You must be careful before you march with your Army into the Field to see your Souldiers well Cloathed well Armed and well Disciplined and that you be stored with Shooes and Stockings for the March and also with Ammunition Bread and Mony If you be not careful of this you will soon bring your Army to ruine You must also have a great care of those Souldiers which fall sick or are hurt upon a March for this alone will not only encourage Souldiers to undergo any danger or labour but by it you will win their affections so that they will never forsake you You ought to know the nature of the Country the quality of the ways the compendiousness of turning the nature of Hills and the course of Rivers through which you are to march And the best way to know these things is by good Guides and good Maps For he that leadeth an Army by an unknown and undiscovered way and marching blindfold upon uncertain adventures is subject to many casualties and disadvantages Let every Commander therefore perswade himself that good Discoverers are as the eye of an Army and serve for lights in the darkness of ignorance to direct the resolutions of good providence and to make the path of safety so manifest that he need not stumble upon casualties For that which a General should chiefly observe upon a March is first Safety and next Convenience If you March into a Country which is hard to enter and which hath but few passages whereby to enter into it you must force one and before you go farther you must there fortifie as well to assure your way for your necessaries as for your retreat For a General must be careful never to March into any such place where his Enemy may be able to cut off his Provisions or his Retreat It is most convenient and ready to have your Divisions of Horse and Foot to march at the same strength or some ten or twelve men more in a Division than you intend to fight them by which means your Army will be much more ready upon any occasion to be imbattelled And your Officers and Souldiers being used to march with their Divisions in the same strength and order as you intend to fight them will not be so apt to be in a disorder as that Army that doth not use to march with their Divisions of Horse and Foot at the same strength as they intend to fight them Your Regiments of Horse and Foot ought to be divided into Brigades your Foot into three Brigades and your Horse into six Brigades if you be twelve Regiments of Horse strong or above It is most necessary to use your Brigades and your Divisions of Horse and Foot to march in Battalia when time and ground will give leave for otherwise you will not be able to march three hundred paces in the view of an Enemy with your Brigades imbattelled but your Divisions of Horse and Foot will be apt to lose their distances and by consequence will be most apt to fall into a confusion You must be careful to be furnished at the least at every quarter with three Guides If you be to march in the night you ought to have six Before you set forwards your Guides must be agreed upon the way which they will take There must also be a Captain of the Guides a man of spirit and vigilance and one that may take care to get Guides from place to place You must be careful to carry with you the Maps of the Country through which you are to march The best way to keep your men from straggling upon a march when they pretend to go out of their ranks and files to drink or to ease themselves is this let them have command to leave their Pikes or Musquets with their Camerades and the Lieutenant and Serjeant ought to see this order observed You ought upon a march to send out some parties of Horse or Foot according as the situation of the Country and the strength of the Enemy requireth in the Van-guard and flanks of