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½_o 7_o ×_o 12._o 84_o 2_o 0_o 1_o 10_o 5_o ¼+1_n â—_o 8_o ×_o 12._o 96_o 1_o 8_o 1_o 12_o 4_o â…“_n 9_o ×_o 12._o 108_o 1_o 4_o 1_o 15_o 3_o ¼_n 10_o ×_o 12._o 120_o 1_o 3_o 1_o â—_o 2_o 1_o â—_o 11_o ×_o 12._o 132_o 1_o 0_o 1_o â—_o 1½_n â—_o â—_o 12_o ×_o 12._o 144_o shil_fw-la pence_n  _fw-fr 1_o 1_o 20_o  _fw-fr these_o thing_n premise_v i_o will_v now_o show_v how_o any_o question_n come_v under_o the_o aforesaid_a five_o case_n may_v be_v resolve_v 1._o case_n where_o the_o price_n of_o a_o integer_fw-la be_v shilling_n only_o 4._o where_o the_o price_n of_o 1_o or_o a_o integer_fw-la be_v two_o shilling_n the_o price_n of_o as_o many_o integer_n as_o you_o will_v may_v be_v discover_v by_o bare_a inspection_n for_o two_o shilling_n be_v the_o ten_o of_o a_o pound_n the_o double_a of_o the_o first_o figure_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v the_o number_n of_o shilling_n require_v and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o figure_n be_v so_o many_o pound_n example_n 567_o yard_n at_o 2_o shilling_n the_o yard_n will_v cost_v 56_o pound_n 14_o shilling_n for_o the_o double_a of_o 7_o be_v 14_o which_o i_o write_v down_o by_o itself_o as_o shilling_n then_o take_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o figure_n towards_o the_o left_a hand_n for_o pound_n the_o answer_n be_v 56l_o 14_n 5._o when_o the_o give_v price_n of_o 1_o or_o a_o integer_fw-la be_v a_o even_a number_n of_o shilling_n great_a than_o two_o multiply_v the_o number_n of_o integer_n who_o price_n be_v require_v by_o half_a the_o number_n of_o shilling_n give_v the_o double_a of_o the_o first_o figure_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n in_o the_o product_n be_v set_v down_o for_o the_o shilling_n apart_o all_o the_o other_o figure_n towards_o the_o left_a hand_n shall_v be_v the_o pound_n require_v example_n let_v the_o price_n of_o 365_o yard_n be_v require_v at_o 14_o shilling_n per_fw-la 1_o yard_n if_o you_o multiply_v 365_o by_o 7_o which_o be_v the_o half_a of_o 14_o the_o number_n of_o shilling_n give_v the_o product_n will_v be_v 2562_o now_o the_o double_a of_o 2_o the_o first_o figure_n 2_o towards_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v 4_o the_o other_o figure_n be_v 256_o pound_n and_o so_o the_o answer_n be_v 256l_o 4s_fw-la here_o note_v that_o 4_o shilling_n be_v the_o 5_o part_n of_o a_o pound_n if_o that_o be_v the_o price_n of_o a_o integer_fw-la it_o will_v be_v all_o one_o to_o multiply_v by_o 2_o or_o divide_v by_o 5_o if_o the_o double_a of_o the_o first_o figure_n in_o the_o product_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v take_v for_o the_o shilling_n according_a
36_o 6.7_o 42_o 6.8_o 48_o 6.9_o 54_o 7.7_o 49_o 7.8_o 56_o 7.9_o 63_o 8.8_o 64_o 8.9_o 72_o 9.9_o 81_o 8._o the_o multiplication_n of_o single_a figure_n be_v thus_o attain_v the_o multiplication_n of_o compound_a number_n can_v be_v difficult_a 9_o in_o compound_v multiplication_n set_v down_o the_o give_v number_n as_o in_o addition_n and_o subtraction_n so_o 3421_o be_v give_v to_o be_v multiply_v by_o 2_o place_z 2_o the_o multiplicator_n under_o 3421_o the_o multiplicand_a and_o have_v draw_v a_o line_n write_v the_o double_a of_o every_o figure_n in_o the_o multiplicand_a under_o the_o line_n because_o the_o multiplicator_n be_v 2_o in_o the_o same_o degree_n always_o with_o that_o figure_n of_o which_o it_o be_v the_o double_a thus_o the_o double_a of_o one_o be_v 2_o the_o double_a of_o 2_o be_v 4_o the_o double_a of_o 4_o in_o the_o place_n of_o hundred_o be_v 8_o &_o the_o double_a of_o 3_o in_o the_o place_n of_o thousand_o be_v 6_o and_o the_o product_n of_o 3421_o multiply_v by_o 2_o be_v 6842._o 10._o when_o the_o product_n of_o any_o of_o the_o particular_a figure_n exceed_v ten_o place_n the_o excess_n under_o the_o line_n as_o before_o and_o the_o last_o figure_n in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o it_o but_o a_o line_n low_o and_o so_o the_o rest_n until_o the_o multiplication_n be_v finish_v as_o if_o the_o same_o number_n 3421_o be_v to_o be_v multiply_v by_o 8._o every_o figure_n of_o the_o multiplicand_a be_v to_o be_v make_v 8_o time_n as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v and_o subscribe_v in_o their_o proper_a place_n and_o then_o to_o be_v collect_v into_o one_o sum_n thus_o 8_o time_n 1_o be_v 8_o which_o i_o place_v under_o the_o 1._o and_o 8_o time_n 2_o be_v 16_o i_o write_v 6_o in_o the_o place_n of_o ten_o a_o line_n low_o and_o 1_o in_o the_o upper_a line_n in_o the_o place_n of_o hundred_o 8_o time_n 4_o be_v 32_o i_o write_v 2_o in_o the_o low_a line_n in_o the_o place_n of_o hundred_o and_o 3_o in_o the_o upper_a line_n a_o place_n forward_a that_o be_v in_o the_o place_n of_o thousand_o 8_o time_n 3_o be_v 24_o thousand_o i_o write_v 4_o therefore_o in_o the_o place_n of_o thousand_o in_o the_o low_a line_n and_o 2_o a_o place_n forward_a in_o the_o upper_a or_o the_o low_a line_n it_o matter_n not_o which_o because_o it_o be_v the_o last_o figure_n in_o the_o product_n and_o these_o two_o line_n of_o number_n be_v add_v together_o the_o sum_n be_v 27368_o =_o 3421_o ×_o 8._o 11._o but_o this_o may_v be_v more_o compendious_o perform_v if_o that_o every_o figure_n to_o be_v set_v in_o the_o upper_a line_n shall_v be_v commit_v to_o memory_n and_o add_v to_o the_o next_o rank_n so_o 3421_o being_n give_v to_o be_v multiply_v by_o 8_o as_o before_o for_o 8_o time_n 1_o i_o write_v 8_o under_o the_o line_n in_o the_o place_n of_o unite_v for_o 8_o time_n 2_o be_v 16_o i_o write_v 6_o under_o the_o line_n in_o the_o place_n of_o ten_o and_o reserve_v 1_o for_o the_o ten_o it_o exceed_v to_o be_v add_v in_o the_o next_o rank_n the_o place_n of_o hundred_o then_o i_o say_v 8_o time_n 4_o be_v 32_o unto_o which_o if_o i_o add_v 1_o which_o i_o keep_v in_o mind_n the_o whole_a be_v 33_o wherefore_o subscribe_v 3_o in_o the_o next_o rank_n under_o the_o line_n in_o the_o place_n of_o hundred_o and_o carry_v 3_o in_o mind_n for_o the_o three_o ten_o that_o it_o exceed_v i_o proceed_v to_o perform_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o work_n as_o you_o see_v it_o in_o the_o example_n 12._o when_o the_o multiplicand_a and_o the_o multiplicator_n be_v both_o compound_v number_n for_o so_o many_o figure_n as_o be_v in_o the_o multiplicator_n so_o many_o several_a product_n must_v be_v subscribe_v under_o the_o line_n which_o at_o last_o be_v add_v into_o one_o sum_n give_v you_o the_o total_a product_n of_o all_o so_o 3421_o be_v give_v to_o be_v multiply_v by_o 28_o the_o operation_n will_v stand_v thus_o for_o 3421_o be_v multiply_v by_o 8_o the_o product_n be_v 27368_o again_o 342_o i_o be_v multiply_v by_o 2_o the_o product_n be_v 6842_o which_o several_a product_n stand_v in_o their_o due_a order_n and_o add_v together_o do_v make_v 95788_o the_o product_v require_v 13._o when_o in_o the_o multiplicator_n there_o be_v cipher_n between_o the_o significant_a figure_n you_o must_v multiply_v by_o the_o significant_a figure_n only_o neglect_v the_o cipher_n and_o set_v each_o particular_a product_n in_o its_o due_a place_n according_a to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o last_o rule_n and_o as_o be_v do_v in_o these_o example_n follow_v 14._o when_o the_o number_n give_v to_o be_v multiply_v do_v one_o or_o both_o of_o they_o end_n with_o cipher_n neglect_v the_o cyher_n multiply_v by_o the_o significant_a figure_n only_o and_o have_v add_v together_o the_o several_a product_n according_a to_o the_o former_a direction_n annex_v as_o many_o cipher_n to_o the_o sum_n of_o all_o the_o product_n as_o be_v at_o the_o end_n of_o both_o the_o number_n give_v so_o shall_v you_o have_v the_o product_v desire_v as_o in_o the_o example_n follow_v 15._o when_o one_o of_o the_o number_n give_v be_v a_o unite_v with_o nothing_o but_o cipher_n annex_v the_o multiplication_n be_v perform_v by_o annex_v so_o many_o cipher_n to_o the_o multiplicand_a as_o there_o be_v in_o the_o multiplicator_n so_o if_o 4327_o be_v to_o be_v multiply_v by_o 1000_o the_o product_n will_v be_v 4327000._o chap._n v._o of_o division_n 1._o division_n be_v that_o by_o which_o we_o discover_v how_o often_o one_o number_n be_v contain_v in_o another_o and_o thereby_o find_v the_o quotient_a of_o the_o great_a number_n 2._o division_n have_v three_o part_n the_o dividend_n the_o divisor_n and_o the_o quotient_a the_o dividend_n be_v the_o number_n give_v to_o be_v divide_v the_o divisor_n be_v the_o number_n by_o which_o the_o dividend_n be_v divide_v and_o the_o quotient_n be_v the_o number_n which_o the_o division_n do_v produce_v so_o if_o 18_o be_v give_v to_o be_v divide_v by_o 3_o the_o number_n produce_v will_v be_v 6_o for_o 3_o be_v find_v 6_o time_n in_o 18_o and_o here_o 18_o be_v the_o dividend_n 3_o the_o divisor_n and_o 6_o the_o quotient_a 3._o division_n be_v either_o single_a or_o compound_v when_o the_o divisor_n be_v a_o single_a figure_n and_o the_o dividend_n less_o than_o 10_o the_o answer_n may_v be_v give_v by_o memory_n or_o if_o the_o dividend_n be_v the_o product_n of_o two_o single_a figure_n the_o answer_n may_v be_v have_v from_o the_o multiplication_n table_n if_o need_v be_v for_o find_v the_o divisor_n in_o the_o first_o column_n and_o the_o dividend_n in_o the_o second_o the_o other_o figure_n in_o the_o first_o column_n be_v the_o quotient_a seek_v as_o if_o 56_o be_v to_o be_v divide_v by_o 7_o in_o the_o same_o line_n where_o i_o find_v 7_o in_o the_o first_o column_n and_o 56_o in_o the_o second_o i_o find_v 8_o also_o which_o be_v the_o quotient_a 4._o when_o the_o divisor_n be_v a_o single_a figure_n and_o the_o dividend_n a_o number_n of_o many_o place_n make_v a_o crooked_a line_n at_o each_o end_n of_o the_o dividend_n that_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n serve_v for_o the_o place_n of_o the_o divisor_n &_o that_o on_o the_o right_n for_o the_o quotient_a then_o proceed_v gradual_o &_o ask_v how_o often_o the_o divisor_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o dividend_n and_o place_n that_o which_o answer_v the_o question_n in_o the_o quotient_a then_o multiply_v the_o divisor_n by_o that_o figure_n in_o the_o quotient_a &_o subtract_v the_o product_n from_o the_o dividend_n set_v down_o the_o remainder_n for_o example_n let_v 2916_o be_v give_v to_o be_v divide_v by_o 4._o place_v the_o number_n as_o have_v be_v say_v i_o ask_v how_o often_o 4_o be_v contain_v in_o 29_o the_o answer_n be_v 7_o time_n i_o therefore_o put_v 7_o in_o the_o quotient_a than_o i_o multiply_v 4_o by_o 7_o and_o it_o make_v 28_o which_o be_v subtract_v from_o 29_o the_o remainder_n be_v 1._o then_o draw_v a_o stroke_n between_o the_o remainder_n and_o the_o dividend_n i_o draw_v down_o the_o next_o figure_n which_o be_v 1_o also_o and_o so_o the_o new_a dividend_n be_v 11_o than_o i_o ask_v how_o often_o 4_o be_v contain_v in_o 11_o the_o answer_n be_v twice_o therefore_o i_o put_v 2_o in_o the_o quotient_a and_o 4_o multiply_v by_o 2_o makes_z 8_o which_o be_v deduct_v from_o 11_o the_o remainder_n be_v 3_o which_o i_o write_v under_o 11_o and_o draw_v a_o stroke_n between_o they_o as_o before_o and_o draw_v down_o the_o next_o figure_n which_o be_v 6_o and_o so_o the_o new_a divide_v be_v â—â—_o then_o i_o ask_v how_o often_o 4_o be_v contain_v