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A42524 The art of war and the way that it is at present practised in France in two parts : wherein the duties and functions of all the officers of horse and foot, artillery and provisions from the general of the army to the private souldier are treated of ... written in French by Louis de Gaya ... ; translated for publick satisfaction and advantage.; Art de la guerre et la manière dont on la fait à présent. English Gaya, Louis de. 1678 (1678) Wing G398; ESTC R23334 55,226 220

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the Surgeon Major of the Regiment He ought to make Provision of Medicaments proper to stop Bleeding hinder Inflammation and ease Pains There is no Company but hath one or two Drummers and a Drum-Major over all who hath the care of instructing the rest and guarding the Enemies Drummers that come into the Camp He can with his Baton punish those that fail in their duty and goes Evening and Morning to the Major to receive his Orders The Drummers duty is to beat all Points as the General the Call or Gathering the Dernier the March the Allarm the Parly the Answer to Parleys the Reveilly the Tattoe and the Bans. The Soldier ought to be stout strong a good Husband and obedient to all his Officers from the Captain to the Lanspassades He should study to keep himself neat to make his Arms bright and clean to know how to use them the Soldier 's duties the motions of his Company its March to lodge himlelf in the Field keep his Guard and Sentinel-Post to understand the Beat of Drum and to be diligent to come to his Colours His eating and sleep should be regulated according to his leisure and not his pleasure CHAP. XVI Of the way of forming a Battalion WHen a Colonel on any occasion would have his Regiment to be in Arms he sends his Major to the place of Rendezvous to draw up the Companies as fast as they arrive there who puts first the Colonel's Company in Battalia six men deep distant three large paces from one another and places the Pikes on the left hand of the Musketteers The other Companies draw up according to the first All being posted the Major commands silence and orders fix Serjeants to mark the half Ranks that he may make the Pikes enter into the Centre of the Musketteers by this word of Command The way of forming a Battalion Page 51 in the Second Part. The Explication of the present Figure THis Figure represents a Battalion of sixteen Companies with the Officers at their Posts A The Colonel B The Lieutenant-Colonel aaa c. The Captains bb The Lieutenants CC The Lieutenants-Reformed and Ensigns DD The Serjeants EE The Drummers on the Flanks F The Major G The Aid Major ooo The Musketteers III The Pikes Soldiers take heed to form the Battalion To the Right and Left Musketteers and Pikes Form the Battalion March The Musketteers of the Colonel's Company stand still the right hand half Rank of Pikes turn to the Left the Musketteers to the Right the left hand half rank of Pikes turn to the Right the Musketteers to the Left and march both together through the Intervals of the Ranks till the Pikes come to the Centre of the Battalion separated from the Musketteers and the Musketteers on the Right and Left separated from the Pikes When they have performed that Motion the Major reduces them as they were by this word of Command As ye were They that turned to the Left turn to the Right they that turned to the Right to the Left and by this means every one faces the Major and so the Battalion is formed This is a far shorter way than that which was in use not long ago CHAP. XVII Of Exercising WHen the Regiment is in Battalia if the Colonel intend to see them exercise he gives notice to the Major who makes them open their Files one pace giving thereby the Soldiers the liberty of the arm to handle their Arms. This is the word of Command he gives Soldiers take heed to open your Files The right hand File stands still Open your Files to the left a paces distance March All the Soldiers turn to the Lest the lest hand File begins to march and the others move not from their places until they see those that go before them at a paces distance The Soldiers in marching are to have care to keep in a straight line by their Right hand-man and File-leader When the Major perceives that the Files are sufficiently opened he says to them Halt As you were Even your Ranks and straighten your Files All things thus disposed the Major gives the word of Command to the Serjeants Serjeants take beed To the Right and Left by half Ranks form Files upon the Flanks of the Battalion March Then he gives this word of Command to the Officers who are at the head of the Battalion Gentlenten Officers we are going to Exercise To the Right and Left take your Post on the Flanks of the Battalion March The words of Command in Exercising Soldiers take heed Silence Carry your Arms well The Soldiers are to have a care to make no motion until the word of Command be given and ended to the end that the handling of Arms and the motions may be done at the same time Joyn the Right hand to the Musket ●oise your Musket Joyn the left hand to your Musket Take your Match Blow your Match Cock your Match Try your Match Cover your Pan with your two fore singers Open your Pan. Present Fire Recover your Arms. Take your Match Return it into its place Blow your Pan. Take your Primer Prime Close your Pan. Blow off the loose Corns Cast your Musker about to your swords side Take the Charge Open it with your teeth Put the Powder into the Barrel Draw your scouring Stick Hold up your scouring Stick Shorten it against your breast Put the scouring Stick into the Barrel Ram. Recover your scouring Stick Hold up your scouring Stick Shorten it against your breast Return the scouring Stick into its place Joyn the right hand to your Musket Poise your Musket Shoulder your Musket The Exercise of the Pike Whilst the Pikes are exercising the Musketteers are made to order or rest upon their Arms by this word of Command Rest your selves upon your Arms. Pikes take heed To the Right to the Right to the Right to the Right To the Right about As ye were To the Left to the Left to the Left to the Left To the Left about As ye were Advance your Pike To the Right charge four times Charge to the Right about As ye were Charge to the Left four times Charge to the Left about As ye were Advance your Pike Shoulder your Pike Charge to the Right As ye were Charge to the Left As ye were Charge to the Left about As ye were Comport your Pike Charge As ye were Charge Trail your Pike As ye were Push your Pike three times Advance your Pikes Charge to the Horse Draw your Swords Put up your Swords Advance your Pike Ground your Pike Rest upon your Arms. The Pikes as well as Musketteers ought to have a care when they turn to the Right or Left not to clash their Arms one against another for that clattering is most unpleasant to the ear Take heed all the Battalion Shoulder your Muskets The Pikes at the same time advance their Pikes To the Right four times To the Right about As ye were To the Left four times To the Left about
two Bodies of Musketteers joyn Page 70 in the Second Part. The way of Filing off a Battalion the Officers being at their Posts The Explication of the present Figure THis Figure represents a Battalion which files off by Division of six a front to teach the Soldiers to march aright A The Colonel at the head of his Regiment B The Lieutenant-Colonel on his left hand a a a The half of the Captains on the Front and the other on the Rear b b b The Lieutenonts at the head of every Division of Musketteers C C C The Sub Lieutenants at the head of the Divisions of Pikes D D The Serjeants on the Flanks of the Divisions E E The Drummers on the Front at the Centre and on the Rear F G The Major and Aid-Major make the Battalion file off o o o The Divisions of Musketteers I I I The Divisions of Pikes Musketteers to the Right and Left March The Right hand Body turns to the Left and the Left to the Right and both Bodies march until they meet To put them as they were As ye were They that turned to the Left turn to the Right and they that turned to the Right to the Left Afterwards he gives this word of Command to the Pikes Pikes to your Companies March The Pikes separate and come on the Rear of the Musketteers of their Companies The Major sends the Companies back into their Quarters making them file off in good order the one after the other Drums beating and the Officers at their usual Posts CHAP. XVIII Of Detachments A Detachment is a certain number of Officers and Soldiers which the General makes every Regiment furnish to be imployed as he thinks convenient The detachments are made by Companies that the Fatigue or Loss which may happen may be divided amongst them Two or three Thousand men detached from an Army are commanded by a Brigadeer and other Officers proportionably To Eight hundred men there is required a Colonel a Lieutenant-Colonel an Aid-Major sixteen Captains as many Lieutenants as many Sub-lieutenants or Ensigns and thirty two Serjeants A Lieutenant Colonel has four or five thousand men allowed him with other Officers and Serjeants proportionably A Captain never marches in a Detachment without fifty Soldiers a Lieutenant a Sublieutenant or an Ensign and two Sergeants A Lieutenant has but thirty men and one Serjeant A Sublieutenant Twenty five men and a Sergeant and the Ensigns march not but with Captains a Serjeant is usually commanded out with ten or twelve Men and sometimes he is allowed fifteen The detachments which are commauded by Masters de Camp consist of three or four hundred Troopers Those of Captains of Light Horse of fifty those of Lieutenants of thirty those of Cornels of twenty those of Quarter Masters of fifteen and those of Brigadeers of ten or twelve Troopers When an Entrenchment is to be forced a close or covered way carried a Half Moon gained or an Assault to be made there is a Detachment made out of several Companies of good Soldiers who are commonly called the Forlorn Hope because they ought to fall on first and make a Passage for the rest An Attacque is always begun by a Sergeant with ten men seconded by a Lieutenant with thirty backed by a Captain A Lieutenant a Sublieutenant or an Ensign with fifty who are followed by all the Regiment Detachments of many Officets are always made by the Front and Rear For instance if a Regiment be obliged to furnish four Captains the Major shall command two from the Front and two from the Rear The same is observed in respect of Lieutenants Sublieutenants and Ensigns Detachments for the Guard of General Persons are never made by Brigades but by every Regiment in particular to which that honour belongs The first Regiment of the Army furnishes the Generals Guard the second the Lieutenant Generals the third that of the General Person who comes next and so the rest in Order CHAP XIX Of the March of a Regiment WHen a Regiment is to leave a Quarter the Major gives notice of it to the Serjeants of Artillery and gives Orders to the Drummers to beat the Troop or to March next Morning two Hours before day that the Soldiers may have time to make ready The Regiment Quarter-Master goes and receives Orders of the Commander and departs with the Fouriers or Company-Quarter-Masters two or three houers before the Regiment to take up the Quarters in the place where the Regiment is to lodge The Provost Marshal gathers together the Baggage and sends it away before the Regiment when there is no danger of an Enemy taking upon himself the care of conducting it The Major ought over night to command a Serjeant with ten men to depart next Morning by Break of Day and Post himself on the Rode by which the Regiment is to March to hinder any Soldier from going before the rest without an Order from his Officer in writing When all things are disposed and the Major is informed by the Commander of the hour when the Companies should March he commands the Drummers to beat the Gathering or Call At the bea●ing of the Call the Soldiers should assemble before their Captains Lodgings and so soon as the Dernier is beat the Officers command the Soldiers to their Arms and lead them in good Order to the place of Rendezvous where the Major takes care to receive them and draw them up in Battalia according as they come the Battalion being formed he causes a Proclamation to be published in the Kings name whereby the Soldiers are forbidden to leave their Ranks on Pain of bodily Punishment then he makes a Detachment of ten men commanded by a Serjeant which he leaves for a Rear Guard to bring up the Straglers and having put the Officers in their Posts he makes the Regiment file off by four or six at most by reason of the ways there being no necessity to make them march cross the Fields The Drummers march about twenty Paces before the Battalion with their Drums on their Backs except one that beats who is to be relieved every League The Lieutenants and Sublieutonants should have a care that no Soldier go out of his Division unless it be for the necessity of nature if so he is to leave his Musket or Pike with his Comrade and a Serjeant is charged to wait on him and place him again into his Rank About mid way the Commander shall make his Regiment halt for the space of two hours chusing for that purpose a place were there is Water and at a distance from Villages When the Regiment is near their Quarters the Quarter-Master who ought already to have lodged the equipage comes with the Fouriers to meet them and gives the Colonel an account of the condition of the Quarters The Major commands the Colours to be displayed and the Matches Lighted he divides the Drummers and makes the Regiment enter in good Order into the Quarter as far as the place of