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A36292 Biathanatos a declaration of that paradoxe or thesis, that selfe-homicide is not so naturally sinne, that it may never be otherwise : wherein the nature and the extent of all those lawes, which seeme to be violated by this act, are diligently surveyed / written by Iohn Donne ... Donne, John, 1572-1631.; Donne, John, 1604-1662. 1644 (1644) Wing D1858; ESTC R13744 139,147 240

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in Adams first Homicide in Paradise Sect. 4. 7 Of Tolets first and second Species by Precept and by Advise or Option 8 We may wish Malum poenae to our selves as the Eremite prayed to be possessed 9 That we may wish death for wearines of this life 10 It is sin to wish the evill were not evill that then we might wish it 11 Of wishing the Princes Death 12 In many opinions by contrary Religion a true King becomes a Tyrant 13 Why an oath of fidelity to the Pope binds no man 14 Who is a Tyrant by the declaration of the learned men of France 15 How Death may be wished by Calvins opinion 16 How we may wish death to another for our own advantage 17 Phil. Nerius consented that one who wished his own death might have his wish Sect. 5. 1 Of Tolets third Species of Homicide by permission which is Mors Negativa 2 Of standing mute at the Barre 3 Three Rules from Scotus Navar and Maldonate to guide us in these desertions of our selves 4 That I may suffer a Theif to kill me rather then kill him 5 Of Se defendendo in our Law 6 That I am not bound to escape from prison if I can Nor to eate rather then starve 7 For ends better then this life we may neglect this 8 That I may give my life for another 9 Chrysostomes opinion of Sarahs lie and her consent to Adultery And S. Augustines opinion of this and of that wife who prostituted her selfe to pay her husbands debts 10 That to give my life for another is not to preferre another before my selfe as Bonaventure and August say But to prefer vertue before life which is lawfull 11 For spirituall good it is without question 12 That I may give another that without which I cannot live 13 That I may lawfully wear out my self with fasting 14 That this in S. Hier. opinion is selfe-homicide 15 Of the Fryer whom Cassianus calls a Self-homicide for refusing bread from a ●…heife upon an indiscreet Vow 16 Of Christs fast 17 Of Philosophers inordinate fasts 18 Of the Devils threatning S. Francis for fasting 19 Examples of long fasts 20 Reasons effects and obligations to rigorous fastings Corollary of this Section of Desertion Sect. 6. 1 Of another Species of homicide which is not in Tolets division by Mutilation 2 Of Delivering ones selfe into bondage 3. By divers Cannons homicide and mutilation is the same fault 4 Of Calvins argument against Divorce upon this ground of Mutilation 5 The example of S. Mark cutting off his thumbe to escape Priesthood 6 In what cases it is clear that a man may mai●… himself Sect. 7. 1 Of Tolets fourth Species of Homicide by actual helping 2 Ardoynus reckons a flea amongst poysons because it would destroy 3 David condemned the Amalekite who said he had helped Saul to kill himselfe 4 Mariana the Iesuite is of opinion that a King which may be removed by poyson may not be put to take it by his owne hands though ignorantly for he doth then ki●… himself 5 That a malefactor unaccused may accuse himself 6 Of Sansovins relation of our custome at executions and withdrawing the pillow in desperate cases 7 Of breaking the leggs of men at executions and of breaking the halter 8 Of the forme of purgations used by Moses Law in cases of Iealousy 9 Of formes of Purgation called Uulgares 10 Charlemaine brought in a new forme of purgation 11 And Britius a Bishop being acquitted before extorted another purgation upon himselfe 12 Both kindes of Ordalium by water and fire in use here till King Johns time 13 In all these purgations and in that by Battaile the party himself assisted 14 Exumples of actuall helpers to their owne destruction in S. Dorothaeus doctrine 15 Of Ioseph of Arimathaea his drinking of poyson 16 Of S. Andrew and S. Lawrence 17 Casuists not cleere whether a condemned man may doe the last act to his death 18 But in cases without condemnation it is sub praecepto to Priests Curats to goe to infected houses Sect. 8. 1 Of Tolets last species of Homi-cide which is the act it selfe 2 How farre an erring conscience may justify this act 3 Of Pythagoras philosophicall conscience to dy rather then hurt a Beane or suffer his schollers to speak 4 Of the apparition to Hero a most devout Eremite by which he killed himself out of Cassianus 5 That the Devill sometime sollicites to good 6 That by Uasques his opinion it is not Idolatry to worship God in the devil 7 Rules given to distinguish evil spirits from God are all fallible 8 Good Angels sometimes move to that which is evill being ordinarily and morally accepted 9 As in mis-adoration by Vasques invincible ignorance excuses so it may in our cases 10 Of S. Augustines first reason against Donatus that we may save a mans life against his will 11 Of his second reasons which is want of examples of the faithfull And of S. Augustines assured escape if Donatists had produced Examples 12 Divorce in Rome on either part And in Jury on the womans part long without example 13 Saint Augustines Schollers in this point of examples 〈◊〉 st●…bborne as Aristotles for the inalterablenesse of the Heavens though the reason of both be ceased 14 Of the Martyr Apollonia who killed her selfe 15 Of answers in her excuse 16 Of the Martyr Pelagia who killed her selfe 17 Though her History bee very uncertaine yet the Church seems glad of any occasion to celebrate such a fact 18 Saint Augustines testimony of her 19 Saint Ambroses Meditation upon her 20 Eusebius his Oration incitatory imagined in the person of the Mother 21 Saint Augustines first of any doubting of their fact sought such shifts to defend it as it needed not 22 S. Augustines example hath drawne Pedraca a Spanish Casuist and many others to that shift of speciall Divine inspiration in such cases 23 And so sayes Peter Martyr of the Midwives and of Rahabs lye 24 To preserve the Seale of Confession a man may in some case be bound to doe the intire act of killing himselfe The Third Part which is of the Law of God Distinct. 1 Sect. 1. 1 An introduction ' to the handling of these places of Scripture 2 Why I forbeare to name them who cite these places of Scripture 3 If any oppose an answer why I intreat him to avoide bitternes 4 Why Clergy men which by Canons may fish and hunt yet may not hunt with dogs 5 Of Bezas answer to Ochius Polygamy Distinction 2. Sect. 1. 1 No place against this Self-homicide is produced out of the Iudiciall or Ceremoniall Law Sect. 2 1 Of the place Gen. 9. 5. I will require your blood 2 We are not bound to accept the interpretation of the Rabbins 3 Of Lyra and of Emmanuel Sâ both abounding in Hebraisms yet making no such note upon this place Sect. 3 1 Of the place De●… 33. 39. I kill and I give life 2 Iurisdiction of Parents
of dying as much as in any thing els he was a Type of Christ. SECT V. The next example is Saul And whether he did perfect and consummat the act of killing himself or the Amalekite contribute his help it makes no difference to our purpose But that the latter was true may wel enough consist with the relation of the history in the first place and it appeares to be the more likely and probable out of the second And by Iosephus it is absolutely so delivered And the scholastique history saith also that Saul was too weake to force the sword through his body Two things use to be disputed of Saul Whether hee were saved or no And whether if hee perished it was for impenitence testified or presumed by this act of his The Iewes are generally indulgent to him And the Christians generally severe upon this reason that it is said of him Saul dyed for his transgressions against the Lord and his word and asking counsaile of a witch But this doth not necessarily conclude an impenitence or a second death For the Iews say That beleeving the sentence of Samuel in the apparitions and accepting that decree as from God he repented his formet life and then presented and delivered up himselfe and his sonnes conformably to the revealed will of God there in the field to be sacrificed to him understanding Samuells words you shall be with me to be spoken not generally of the state of the dead but of the state of the just because both Samuel himself was so and so was Jonathan whose condition in this promise of being with Samuel was the same as his Fathers And therefore saith Lyra all Iews and some Christians agree that least by his reproach dishonour might redound upon God a good and Zealous man may kill himself as Samson did and the Virgins And he addeth If other reasons were not sufficient to excuse Saul this also might justly be applied to him that he did it by divine instinct Out of which I observe these two things that he presumes there are other reasons sufficient in some cases whether they were in Sauls case or no. And then the reason upon which Lyra●… presumes he dyed well because the contrary is not declared in Scriptures nor determined by the Church And Saul hath a good testimony of sanctity in this act from Mallonius That as Christ died when he would so did Saul thinking it dishonourable to dye by the hand of his and Gods enemies That argument which Burgensis bringeth to the contrary suffereth more force and violence in being brought in then it giveth strength to his opinion It is That if the fact were justifiable in Saul it had beene so too in the Amalekite if his profession to David were true That he had killed Saul and consequently David unjust in that execution But besides that that Amalekite had no conscience nor inward knowledge of Sauls just reasons nor other warrant but his commandement which might and was to him likely to proceed from Sauls infirmities it might well appeare to David by his comming to tell him the newes that he had humane respects in doing it and a purpose onely to deserve well of David And when both Judge and prisoner are innocent oft times the Executioner may be a Murtherer And such humane respects of wearinesse and despaire and shame and feare and fidelity to his Master and amazement and such stand in the way betweene Sauls Armour-bearer and all excuses to our understandings For though the phrase of Scripture impute nothing to him for that fact of killing himselfe yet I have found none that offer any particular excuse in his defence SECT VI. Neither doe I finde any thing to excuse Achitophels death though as I said of the other the History doe not accuse that particular fact The Text calles his counsaile good and it seems he was not transported with passion because he set his house in order And he was buried in his Fathers grave when Absalou slaine by anothers hand was cast into a pit But if it were upon a meere dispute of his owne disgrace or feare of ill successe or upon any selfe respect without proposing Gods glorie and he repented not he perished SECT VII Of Judas the most sinnefull instrument of the most mercifull Worke the common though not generall opinion is that he killed himselfe but whether by hanging or no is more controverted For from the words in the Acts That he threw himselfe downe headlong and burst asunder and his bowels gushed out Euthymius thinks That he was rescued whilst he hanged and carryed away and that after that hee killed himselfe by throwing himselfe headlong And Brentius leaves that indifferent to us to thinke what we will thereof But it seemes by Oecumenius that he did not only overlive this hanging but that he grew to so enormous a bignesse and burden to himselfe that he was not able to withdraw himselfe out of a Coaches way but had his guts crushed out so which he receives from Papias the Disciple to Saint Iohn whose times cannot be thought ignorant or incurious of Iudas History And it is there said further that by others it was said that being swolne to that vastnesse and corrupted with vermine hee laid himselfe down upon his field and there his guts broke out And this Theophilact followes And it falls out very often that some one Father of strong reputation and authority in his time doth snatch and swallow some probable interpretation of Scripture and then digesting it into his Homilies and applying it in dehortations and encouragements as the occasions and diseases of his Auditory or his age require and imagining thereupon delightfull and figurative insinuations and setting it to the Musique of his stile as every man which is accustomed to these Meditations shall often finde in himselfe such a spirituall wantonnesse and devout straying into such delicacies that sense which was but probable growes necessary and those who succeed had rather enjoy his wit then vexe their owne as often times we are loath to change or leave off a counterfeit stone by reason of the well setting thereof By this meanes I thinke it became so generally to be beleeved that the fruit which Eve eat was an Apple And that Lots wife was turned to a pillar of Salt And that Absalon was hanged by the haire of the head And that Iephthe killed his Daughter And many other such which grew currant not from an evidence in the Text but because such an acceptation was most usefull and applyable Of this number Iudas case might be But if it were not that act of killing himselfe is not added to his faults in any place of Scriptures no not in those two Psalmes of particular accusations and bitter imprecations against him as they are ordinarily taken to be Prophetically purposed and directed