force them out of their hands and in case a man caried them on his head he should remaine naked against the enemies missiue weapons they returned and encamped neere the Riuer The place where they rested the night before they might easily see to be full of Armed Carduchans It caused great melancholy amongst them both because they saw the hard passage of the Riuer and the enemie opposing against their passage and also the Carduchans prest to fall vpon their Reare Remaining therefore in great anguish of spirit this day and the night following they spent in the place Xenophon is the meane time dreamed that he was bound in fetters and that they broke and fell off of their owne accord so that being loose he was at libertie to goe where he list Earely in the morning he went to Cherisophus and told him he hoped all should be well and communicated his dreame with him who was much delighted therewith and as day appeared all the Coronels assembled and offered sacrifice and at the verie first the sacrifice promised good successe and the Coronels and Captaines departing to their quarters commanded the Souldiers to dine Whilest Xenophon was at dinner there came running vnto him two young men for euerie man knew they might haue free accesse vnto him both at dinner and supper and that they might in sleepe awake him and impart any thing that should seeme to tend to the good of the march and told him they chanced to be a gathering sticks for firing and that amongst the Rocks on the other side the Riuer they espied an old man and a woman and young maids laying vp as it were bundles of Clothes tied together in a hollow Caue of the Rocke Which when they saw and conceiued withall there was no danger in the passage considering the enemies Horse could not by any meanes come there they pulled off their Clothes and taking their drawne Daggers in their hands they entred into the Riuer in purpose to swim ouer if they could not otherwise passe But going on they found themselues ouer before they had wet their priuities so that taking with them the garments which were hidden they returned and came safe to this side back againe Xenophon hearing this dranke a health and commanded the Cup should be filled to the two young men and to pray to the gods who had reuealed the dreame and passage to finish the remnant of all that should appertaine to the good of the iourney Assoone as the health was ended he led the young men to Cherisophus and declared vnto him the newes which they brought Who hearing these things drunke also a health after which commanding the Souldiers to trusse vp their baggage and calling the Coronels together they aduised about the best meanes of passage and of repulsing them that opposed the Front and of auoiding the danger of those that were like to fall vpon the Reare The resolution was that Cherisophus should leade the Vant passe ouer first with halfe the Armie the other halfe should remaine behinde with Xenophon and the cariage and vnarmed multitude should be conueied in the middest When these things were thus determined they began to march The young men led the way hauing the riuer on their left hand The way which tended to the Foord was about foure Furlongs in length As they marched forward on one side the enemies Hors-men embattelled marched against them on the other After they were come to the Foord and bancks of the riuer they laid downe their armes and first Cherisophus crowning himselfe and stripping off his apparel tooke vp his armes and commanded the rest to do the like and directed the Captaines euery one to cast their companies into a file to march some on his right some on his left hand The South saier offered sacrifice at the riuers side and the enemy albeit they plied vs with bowes slings yet could they not reach ouer vnto vs. The sacrifice was faire the Grecians sang the Paean gaue a shout The women also shouted for there were many whores in the campe So Cherisophus passed ouer and they with him Then Xenophon taking to him the lightest of the Reare ran back againe with all speed to the passage which led to the Ascent of the Armenian Mountaines making countenance as if he meant to passe ouer there cut betwixt the horse that guarded the banks the rest of their companions But the enemy seeing Cherisophus his forces easily wade thorow the Riuer and Xenophon with his Souldiers speedily returning backe fearing to be shut in betwixt both fled as fast as they could from the riuer to the way that led vpward as soone as they came there held on toward the mountaine Lucius that commanded the horse Aeschines that led the targetiers about Cherisophus when they saw them so cowardly run followed hard and gaue chace The Souldiers cried out to them not to giue ouer but to ascend the mountaine together with the enemy After Cherisophus had gained the passage he followed not the horse but presently vpon the bankes side led against the foot that held the higher places who being aboue on the higher ground and seeing their horse flying and the armed Grecians making head against them forsooke also their ground by the riuers side When Xenophon perceiued now all things on the other side of the riuer to be in good plight he returned speedily to the forces that were passing ouer For the Carduchans were seene by this time to descend the mountaines and to come into the Plaine as though they purposed to charge the Reare By this time had Cherisophus taken the higher ground and Lucius following the chace with a few won the carriages of the Reare of the enemy and withall rich apparell and much plate The carriage and vnarmed multitude of the Grecians passed ouer the riuer with all diligence And Xenophon turning toward the Carduchans opposed his armed against them and directed his Captaines euery one to order his Companie into Enomoties and to face to the left hand and to lead vp and to ioyne the Enomoties together in front and that the Captaines and Enomotarchs should make head against the Carduchans the bringers vp be behinde next to the riuer The Carduchans when they saw the Reare left by the vnarmed multitude and making shew but of few singing certaine songs after their countrey manner fell on and charged In the meane time Cherisophus hauing set his owne affaires in safetie sent the Peltasts and Slingers and Archers ouer to Xenophon willing them to doe what he commanded When Xenophon perceiued they passed the riuer hee dispatched a message to stay them where they were till they saw him and his troopes enter into the water and then to meet him on both sides and make as though they purposed to returne ouer againe the Darters with their fingers in the thongs of their darts the Archers with their arrowes
giue chace toward the Gates of the Citadell For they threw downe mightie Timber logs from aboue and made it vnsafe either to stand still or goe off and the night approching brought terror with it Fighting in this sort and irresolued what to doe some God gaue a meanes of safetie For suddainly a House on the right hand it was vnknowne by whose kindling burst out into a flame The House no sooner fell but the enemies that were gotten vp to the Houses on the right hand shifted away When Xenophon saw this worke of Fortune he commanded the Houses on the left hand to be likewise fired which being made of Wood caught fire quickly whereby the enemie forsooke the Houses on that side also and the Armie was annoied only by those in Front who doubtlesse were like to fall vpon the Reare in their retreat and departure Here Xenophon gaue order that all who were without the reach of missiue weapons should bring Wood and lay it betwixt the enemie and them and when the store was sufficient it was set on fire The Houses were also fired that stood next the Rampier of the Towne ditch that the enemie might be busied on all sides So by the helpe of fire betwixt the enemie and them they made a hard retreat With this fire were consumed the whole Citie the Houses Turrets Rampier and all things else except the Citadell The next day the Grecians hauing gained sufficient prouision retired toward their Campe but because they feared the way that led toward Trapezond as being steepe and narrow they laid a false ambush There was in the Campe a Mysian by nation and name who taking vnto him foure or fiue Cretans remained in a wooddy plat of ground making semblance to the enemie as though he meant to hide himselfe Their Targets being of Brasse cast glimmering light here and there thorow the Wood which the enemie descrying feared as much as if it had been a true ambush In the meane time the Armie was descended into good ground and the Mysian thinking they had now gained way enough gaue the word to his companions euerie man to shift away amaine and immediatly he his consorts fled The Cretans forsaking the ordinarie way for they said the enemie might out-run them and take them prisoners and conueying themselues into Woods and tumbling downe thorow steepe and rough Forrests came safe to the Armie but the Mysian flying in the ordinarie way cried out for succour He was rescued brought away wounded and the Souldiers that rescued him retired by little and little casting Darts hauing also amongst them a few Cretans who shot at the enemie So they came all safe to the Campe. When neither Cherisophus returned and no more prouision was to be found for the Campe they decreed to proceed on their iourney and put on ship-board the sicke and those that were aboue fortie yeeres of age and children and women and vessels vnnecessary for the iourney and shipping likewise Philesius and Sophonetus the eldest of the Coronels they committed the charge of all to them The rest went on by Land The way was prepared and made plaine and euen and in three daies march they reached as farre as Cerasunt a Grecian Citie standing vpon the Sea being a Colonie of the Sinopeans situate in the Colchian Countrey Here they remained ten dayes and tooke a muster of Armes and of the number of their people and found 8600 men So many were left of the 10000 or thereabouts that ascended with Cyrus into Persia the rest were consumed by the enemies hand and by Snow and some by sicknesse Here also they diuided the money that arose out of the sale of Captiues and the Coronels tooke into their hands the tenth part which was seuered as an offering to be made to Apollo and Diana of Ephesus euerie one keeping and preseruing a share for the gods Neon the Asinean was appointed to receiue the portion which should haue been deliuered to Cherisophus Xenophon therefore making readie the offering for Apollo bestowed and hallowed it in the treasurie of the Athenians at Delphos and inscribed thereon both his owne name and the name of Proxenus the Baeotian who was put to death with Clearchus For Proxenus was Xenophons Host. The offring for Diana of Ephesus because himselfe was like to incurre hazard at such time as he departed out of Asia toward Baeotia with Agesilaâ—s he left with Megabyzus Dianaes Priest and willed him in case himselfe escaped the danger to make restitution to his owne hands if he miscaried to consecrate it to Diana and bestow it in such sort as in his opinion should be most acceptable to the goddesse But afâ—erward when Xenophon was banished his country and dwelled now at Scylunt which Towne was built by the Lacedemonians neere to Olympia Megabyzus came to Olympia to see the Games and restored to Xenophon the money left in his custodie and Xenophon receiuing it bought a portion of Land for the goddesse in a place designed by Apollo thorow which the Riuer Sellenus runneth At Ephesus also there runneth a Riuer Sellenus hard by Dianaes Temple and either of these Riuers nourisheth both other fish fish with shels But in the Scyluntine portion of Land there are beasts of all sorts fit to be hunted He built a temple also and an altar with the consecrated mony and from thenceforth gathering alwaies the tenth of the fruits growing on the land he offered sacrifice to Diana and all the Citizens and neere-dwellers as well men as women are partakers of the feast The goddesse alloweth them that come meale bread wine and iunkets and a portion of the flesh of those beasts which are either taken from the consecrated ground and sacrificed or else killed in hunting The sonnes of Xenophoâ— and of other Citizens exercise the hunting against the time of the feast and other men also hunt with them such as are desirous of the sport There are taken partly out of the Holy-land partly out of Phaloe wilde Boares Goats and Red-deere The place lieth in the way as you goe from Lacedemon to Olympia distant about twentie Furlongs from the Temple of Olympian Iupiter There are in the consecrated ground groues and mountaines stored with trees sufficient to nourish hogs and goats and sheepe and horses so that the carriage-beasts of such as come to the feast are largely prouided for About the Temple it selfe there is a groue of fruit-trees of all kindes that are fit to be eaten after they wax ripe The Temple it selfe as much as a little one may resemble a great is like to the Ephesian Temple and the Image made of Cypres like to the golden Image at Ephesus By the Temple is a pillar erected inscribed with these words The ground consecrated to Diana He that hath the possession and vse of it let him pay the tenth of euery yeares increase and with the ouer-plus repaire and maintaine
he knowes how to doe it as well as any man but if they resolue the contrarie we will all returne ouer the riuer backe againe So shall it come to passe that Cyrus will vse vs both for Garrisons and for Commanders as the most obedient and most faithfull souldiers of his Armie and if there bee any thing else you shall request of him I assure my selfe you shall finde him your especiall friend The souldiers hearing this yeelded to his perswasion and passed the riuer before the other could resolue vpon an answer Cyrus perceiuing they were passed ouer was glad at heart and sent Glous vnto them willing him to say in his name Cyrus at this present praiseth and commendeth you but he will indeuour to giue you cause hereafter to praise him else would he not haue you thinke him to be Cyrus The souldiers filled with great hopes wished him good successe in all designes It is said he sent rich presents vnto Menon This done he passed the riuer and the whole Armie after him and not a man was wet aboue his brests in wading ouer The Thapsacens report that the riuer was neuer passed ouer on foot before but with shipping alone which Abrocomas had burnt to the intent to hinder Cyrus in his passage This seemed to be a miracle and that the riuer gaue way to Cyrus portending hee should be King From thence in nine encampings hee marched fiftie Parasangs thorow Syria and they came to the riuer Araxes where were many villages replenished with Corne and Wine There remained they three dayes and made prouision of victualls From thence in fiue encampings in the wildernesse he marched thorow Arabia 35 Parasangs hauing Euphrates on the right hand The territorie of this Countrey was a Plaine all ouer euen like vnto the Sea but full of wormewood and if any shrubs or reeds grew there they yeelded a sweet sauour like vnto spices but there was not a tree to be seene Of vntamed beasts the most were wilde Asses and not a few Ostriches There were also Bustards and wilde Goats These asses being chaced first fled on afore and afterward turned and stood at a gaze for they were much swifter than a horse again did the like when a horse came neere them So that it was a matter impossible to take them vnlesse the horsemen hunted with their horses placed in distance and taking the chace one from another The flesh of them being caught is in taste like a red Deere sauing that it is a little more tender No man could lay hand vpon an Ostrich and the horsemen that gaue her chace soone quitted it For she runs away flying vsing her feet for course lifting vp her selfe with her wings as it were with the sailes of a ship As for the Bustards they are easily caught if a man sodainly spring them for they both make a short flight as Partriges doe and are soone weary The flesh of them is very delicate pleasant Proceeding on thorow this country the Armie came to the Riuer Masca which carrieth 100 foot in bredth Here was a great Citie but dispeopled named Corsote which hath the Riuer Masca running round about it where they staied three daies making prouision for the Armie From hence in thirteene encampings in the wildernesse Cyrus marched 90 Parasangs hauing Euphrates on his right hand came to the streights In these encampings many carriage-beasts were lost for want of food The inhabitants digging out and fashioning milstones about the riuer carried them to Babylon and sold them buying with the price victualls to maintaine their liues The Army was now destitute of victuall neither was there any to be bought elsewhere than only in the Lydian market amongst the Barbariās that followed Cyrus where a Capitha of meale was sold for foure Sicles a Sicle is valued at 7 Attick Oboli a half and a Capitha containes 2 Atticke Chaenices The Souldiers therefore fed vpon flesh These encampings were a great distance one from another they fell out to be the longer because Cyrus was forced to march on till he came either to water or fodder And if it chanced that the way leading thorow streights or mire were hardly passable for the Chariots Cyrus would stay with the best and gallantest of his traine command Glous or Pigres to take some of the Barbarian army draw the Chariots out of the mire And in case they seemed too slow he would as it were in anger command the strongest of the Persians that followed him to put to their hands and free the chariots There might a man haue beheld no smal peece of obedience For casting off their skarlet cloaks called Candyes in the place where euery one stood they hasted as if a man should runne for a wager euen against the steepnesse of hills being clad with rich coats and embrodered breeches some of them with chaines of gold about their neckes and bracelets about their wrests and yet with these leaping quickly into the mire they hoysed and brought out the wagons sooner than a man would haue imagined In a word Cyrus spared no manner of diligence all the way to haste the iourney forward staying in no place vnlesse there where he must needs furnish himselfe with prouision or else set downe for some other necessary cause conceiuing the more speed he made the rather he should surprise the King and fall vpon him at vnawares and the more he loitered the greater Armie the King should be able to raise For it was easie for any man that would marke to perceiue that the Kings dominion was strong in largenesse of Territories and multitudes of men but weake in length of waies and separation of his forces in case warre were roundly moued against him Beyond Euphrates and the encampings in the wildernesse there was a great and rich Citie the name whereof was Carmanda out of which the Armie made their prouision passing ouer in boats which boats were contriued vpon the sudden in this sort The skins which they vsed for couerings they filled with light hay and chaffe binding and sowing them so close that the water could not come into the chaffe and vpon those they went ouer and got prouision which was wine pressed out of Palme nuts corne called Millet whereof there was great plentie in this country Here a controuersie falling out betwixt a Souldier of Clearchus and another of Menons Regiment Clearchus commanded Menons Souldier to be beaten iudging him to be in the wrong This Souldier went to his owne quarter and complained hereof to his companions and they hearing what had passed grew discontent and angry with Clearchus The same day Clearchus going to the passage of the riuer and there viewing the Market rid backe to his owne Tent with small attendance thorow Menons quarter Cyrus was not yet arriued but was vpon the way comming forward It fortuned at the same time that one of
was day there came Fugitiues from the great Kings Campe and brought newes to Cyrus touching the Armie of the King Cyrus calling together the chiefe Commanders and the Captaines of the Grecians consulted with them how he might best order his Armie for fight and admonished and incouraged them in these words I made choice of you ô Grecians to be my Companions in Armes not because I wanted or might not haue had plentie of Barbarians but I chose you for that I esteemed you better and more to be valued than many multitudes of Barbarians Shew your selues therefore men worthy of the libertie you enioy in respect whereof I hold you also happie For I would haue you know that I prise libertie aboue all things I possesse and aboue many more of greater worth than those I possesse But to the end you may vnderstand what fight you are at this present to vndergoe I will in few words declare it vnto you The number of the enemie is great and they charge with a great cry Endure the first and I am ashamed of the rest and am likewise ashamed what manner of men you shall finde the Inhabitants of these Countreys to be And in case you shew your selues men and be couragious and valiant whosoeuer desireth to returne to his home I will so send him away that at his returne his fellow Citizens shall haue cause to enuie his good hap But I thinke so to vse the matter that many shall rather chuse to remaine and take such part as I shall haue than to returne home to their Countreys Hereupon Gaulites a Fugitiue of Samos but faithfull to Cyrus replied There are ô Cyrus that say you make large promises by reason of the perill at hand but in case the successe be good you will forget all Other some that although you remember and would you cannot performe what you promise Cyrus hearing these things answered My Fathers Kingdome stretcheth toward the South so farre that for heat no man is able to inhabit toward the North that no man can inhabit for cold the middlemost parts are vnder the gouernment of my Brothers friends If we get the victorie I can doe no lesse than establish you my friends in the possession of them So that I feare not if my iourney prosper not to haue enough wherewith to pleasure euerie one of my friends but I feare rather I shall not haue friends enow to pleasure But to you ô Grecians to euerie one of you I will giue ouer and aboue my promise a Crowne of Gold They that heard these things were much more forward than before and related them to the rest Many both of the chiefest Commanders and also some other of the Grecians went in to Cyrus demanding what should be their reward in case they won the day whom Cyrus sent away full of good hopes About that time Clearchus asked Cyrus Doe you thinke Cyrus your Brother will hazard a battell If quoth Cyrus he be the Sonne of Daerius and Parisatis and my Brother I shall neuer obtaine the things I seeke for without fight Here the Grecians being in Armes were numbred to be 10400 Armed and 2400 Targetiers the Barbarians with Cyrus 10 Myriades Sythed Chariots about 20. The enemie was said to be 120 Myriades and about 200 Sythed Chariots Besides there were 6000 Horse vnder the leading of Artagerses they were ranged before the King There were foure Rulers or Generals or Leaders of the Kings Armie of whom euerie one had 30 Myriades vnder his charge to wit Abrocomas Tissaphernes Gobryas and Arbaces But of this number there were no more then 90 Myriades present in the battell and 150 Sythed Chariots For Abrocomas although he posted with all speed out of Phoenicia came fiue daies after the battell The Fugitiues from the Kings Armie brought this information to Cyrus before the battell and those of the enemie that were intercepted after the battel confirmed the same From hence Cyrus in one encamping marched 3 Parasangs his whole Armie both Grecians Barbarians being in battell array for he thought the king would haue fought that day because at the end of this halfe daies iourney he found a deepe Trench cast the bredth whereof was fiue Fathomes the depth three Fathomes The trench ran vp into the Countrie 12 Parasangs thorow the Plain euen as far as the wall of Media where the Channels begin that are deriued out of the Riuer Tygris being in number foure each of them 100 Foot in bredth and verie deepe so that Ships of burthen doe saile in them They fall into Euphrates euerie one distant a Parasang from other and euerie one hauing a Bridge laid ouer it of the bredth of 20 Foot A narrow way was betwixt the Riuer Euphrates and this Trench The great King caused this Trench to be cast for a Fortification assoone as he heard that Cyrus was on foot Cyrus and his Armie passed ouer this narrow way and were come within the Trench The great King ioined not battell this day but many Tracts of men and beasts that retired might hereabouts be euidently perceiued Vpon the same day Cyrus calling to him Silanus the Diuiner of Ambracia gaue him 3000 Daricks because 11 daies before offering Sacrifice he told him that the King would not fight within ten daies If he fight not within ten daies quoth Cyrus he will neuer fight but if thy saying proue true I promise to giue thee 10 Talents and he gaue him that gold then because the ten daies were past Now seeing the King did not hinder the passage of Cyrus his Armie ouer that Trench Cyrus and the rest were strongly perswaded that he determined not to fight which was the cause that Cyrus had not so great care of his march the next day and he aduanced the third day after sitting in his Chariot and the most of his Armie marched confusedly and many of the Souldiers Armes were put vpon the Waines vpon the cariage beasts Now it was the time the Market was full and the place of encamping where they should quarter was at hand when Patagyas a Persian one of the faithfullest of Cyrus his Traine was seene to come vpon the spur his Horse dropping with sweat crying out in the Persian and Greeke Language that the King was hard by with an huge Armie readie and prepared for fight This newes made a great confusion and as well the Grecians as all the rest imagined they should be charged in this disorder Cyrus leaping from his Chariot put on his Curace and getting on Hors-back tooke his Darts in his hand and commanded the rest to Arme and euerie man to take his place Then with great diligence they ordered themselues Clearchus in the point of the right Wing by the Riuer Euphrates Proxenus next vnto him and the other after Proxenus Menon and his Regiment had the point of the left Wing of the Grecian battell Of the Barbarians about 1000 Paphlagonian Hors-men stood
by Clearchus on the right hand and all the Targetiers of the Grecians On the left hand of the whole Phalange Arieus Cyrus his Lieutenant Generall and the remnant of the Barbarians Cyrus himselfe held the middest with 600 Hors-men which were armed with great Curaces and tases and all of them with Caskes except Cyrus alone Cyrus stood waiting the fight with his head vnarmed It is said that other Persians also when they hazard battell fight with their heads vnarmed All the Horse that serued vnder Cyrus had both Frontlets and Brest-plates the Hors-men had Grecian Swords also It was now mid-day and the enemie was not yet come in sight but when mid-day was past first a dust appeared like vnto a Cloud and a little while after a kinde of blacknesse spread ouer the whole Plaine When they came somewhat neerer a man might discerne the shining of Brasse and their Speares and array were easily discouered And on the left Wing of the enemie were placed Hors-men armed with white Curaces who were reported to be vnder the command of Tissaphernes next to whom were placed the Wickar Targetiers and hard by them armed Foot that caried long Woodden Targets reaching downe to their feet They were said to be Aegyptians then other Hors-men and other Archers all according to their Nations and euerie Nation was cast into a Plesium or square battell full of men and before them the Sythed Chariots distant a good space one from another These Chariots had on the sides Sythes prominent and bearing straight forth from the Axeltrees and some from the former Seat of the Chariot with their points turned toward the ground to the end to cut a peeces whatsoeuer they met and strooke vpon The Kings purpose was to send them with high speed against the rankes of the Grecians to breake and rent them in peeces Cyrus in a speech heretofore deliuered exhorting and encouraging the Grecians gaue them to vnderstand it should be enough only to endure the cry and shout of the Barbarians But he was therein greatly deceiued for they aduanced not with a cry but with as great silence and quietnesse as was possible continuing still in an equall and slow pace Cyrus at this time galloping vp to the right Wing with Pigres his Interpreter and with three or foure more cried out to Clearchus to lead the Grecians against the middest of the enemies battell because the King was there for if it be ouercome quoth he there is no more for vs to doe Clearchus seeing the middest of the battell and hearing from Cyrus that the King was farre without the point of the left wing of the Grecian Phalange for the king so abounded in multitude that all the middest of his battell stretched and was extended without the left Wing of Cyrus his Troopes would not for all that draw away the right Wing from the Riuer fearing to be ouerfronted and incompassed on both sides but answered Cyrus He would haue a care that all things should goe well In the meane time the Barbarians Army aduanced equally but the Grecians remaining in the same place increased still and ordered their Troops as they came on And Cyrus putting forth a little before the rest viewed both Armies at a good distance casting his eyes sometimes vpon the enemie sometimes vpon his friends whom when Xenophon the Athenian being amongst the Grecians perceiued he spurred his Horse to meet him and when he was come vp asked if he would command any thing Cyrus pausing a little said Tell all your people that the beast sacrifâ—ced and the inwards promise vs good lucke In speaking this he heard a murmuring that ran along cleane thorow the Grecian Troopes and asked what noise it might be and what it meant Xenophon told him the Word was now giuen the second time He mâ—ruailed who had betraied the Word and asked what the new Word was Xenophon answered Iupiter the Sauiour and Victorie which Cyrus hearing I accept it said he and let it be so After he had thus spoken he returned to his owne plaâ—â— And now the two Phalanges were not aboue three or foure Furlongs one from another when the Grecians sang the Paan and set forward against the enemie The part of the Phalange which aduanced swelled toward the Front as it had been a waue of the Sea and the hinder part began to follow apace and all shouted as they are wont in a Furie Martiall and all ran on at once Some also report that they beat their Pikes vpon their Targets to the end to scare the Horses Before they came within an Arrowes shot the Barbarians turned their Horses and fled The Grecians followed the chace with all speed and cryed one to another not â—o run and haste too much but to follow in good order The Chariots void of guides were caried some vpon the enemies themselues some vpon the Grecians who vpon a forecast opened and let them passe thorow yet were there some that were ouerthrowne for feare as it is wont to happen in a Horse race who notwithstanding were reported to haue had no harme nor yet any other Grecian in this whole fight one only excepted who was strucken with an Arrow in the left side Cyrus seeing the Grecians haue the victorie against their aduersaries and hotly pursuing them reioiced much and was now worshipped of those that were about him as King Notwithstanding he brake not out to follow the câ—ace but keeping by him his Troope of 600 Horse close serred he obserued what the King had in intention to doe For he knew well that his place was in the middest of the Persian Phalange as it is the manner of all the Persian Commanders to leade in the middest of their Troopes conceiuing that they are there in greatest safetie both because their strength is equally diuided on both sides of them and in case of Commands the Armie may receiue directions in halfe the time it should if they were else-where placed So the King being then in his Station in the middest of his Phalange and yet without the point of Cyrus his left Wing and seeing no man to fight against him on the contrarie part nor yet against the Troopes that were ranged before him he wound and turned his battell to the left hand to the intent to ouerwing and encompasse in his aduersaries which Cyrus perceiuing and fearing lest comming on the backes of the Grecians he should cut them in peeces he galloped forth and met him in Front and charging with his 600 ouercame and put to flight the 6000 that were ordered before the King and with his owne hands as the report goeth slew Artagerses one of the Generals of the King They were no sooner put to flight but Cyrus his 600 pursuing hotly were dispersed here and there except a few that were left with him who were for the most part such as vsually sate at his Table being accompanied with
forward they chanced vpon a hill hanging ouer the way which was held by the enemy by reason whereof they were driuen to a necessitie either by force to dislodge the enemy from the place and cut him off or else to be secluded from the rest of the army The souldiers might haue followed the way that the rest held so haue freed themselues from danger but the carriage could be led no other way Exhorting therefore one another they charged vp the hill ordering their Companies euery one in File not incompassing the enemy but giuing them roome to flie if they were so disposed The Barbarians seeing them ascend each one as he could make shift for himselfe did neither shoot nor sling at them as they approched the way but presently forsooke the Hill This Hill the Grecians tooke and seeing another before them held likewise by the enemie they resolued to goe against that also Notwithstanding Xenophon reputing in his minde that if he should leaue the Hill alreadie gained without a Guard the enemie seising againe vpon it might distresse the cariage in passing by for the cariage by reason of the straights were extended into a great length he left vpon the Hill the Captaines Cephisodorus the Sonne of Kephisophon an Athenian and Archagoras a banished Argiue himselfe with the rest continued his march against the second Hill which also was taken after the same manner There remained yet another Hill more steepe than the two former euen the same that the night before was by the first ascenders won from the enemies Guards that sat by the fire to which when the Grecians approched the Barbarians forsooke it without fight which made the Grecians wonder and imagine they feared to be round encompassed and charged on all sides but the truth was that descrying from the top what was done behinde they hasted away to fall vpon the Reare Xenophon and the youngest sort of Souldiers had gotten vp the Hill and he commanded the rest to follow till the last Captaines were come vp and then he willed them to march forward in the way and when they came to euen ground to lay downe their Armes At this instant came Archagoras the banished Argiue and brought newes that they whom Xenophon left behinde were beaten from the first Hill and that Cephisodorus Amphicrates and as many other as leaped not from the Rocke and saued themselues amongst the rest of the Reare were slaine The Barbarians hauing wrought this feat conueied themselues toward the Hill opposite against the top where Xenophon was and he by an Interpreter treated with them about truce and about recouering the dead bodies out of their hands They answered they were readie to deliuer them vpon condition the Villages might be spared from fire to which Xenophon accorded In the time while this parley was in hand the rest of the Armie passed by and were freed from danger of the place The enemie staied there and when the Grecians began to descend from the top to the place where the formost had laid downe their Armes they in great number and tumult ran vpward and hauing gained the height from whence Xenophon descended rolled downe stones and broke a leg of one of the Souldiers Xenophons Target-bearer was then away with his target which Eurylochus the Arcadian borne at Lusium a heauy armed Souldier perceiuing came running vnto him and retiring by little and little protected both himselfe and Xenophon with his Target So they all came vp to the vant which stood in order of battell Now were all the Grecians come together and they quartered in many faire houses hauing large prouiâ—ion and plentie of all things There was much Wine kept in Cisternes plaistered with morter Afterward Xenophon and Cherisophus so wrought with the Barbarians that they recouered the bodies of the dead in exchange for the Guide whom they deliuered vp and they buried them with as great honour as was possible to be giuen to worthy and valiant Souldiers The next day we marched on without a Guide The enemie fighting with vs and taking the straights which lay in our way endeuoured to hinder and shut vp our march But when they opposed against the Vant Xenophon from the Reare ascending the Mountaines and gaining the vpper ground remoued all the impediments the enemie could cast vpon the way when against the Reare Cherisophus ascending tooke the vpper ground likewise and freed the way for them that came behinde So they alwaies succoured and had mutuall care one of another Sometimes also the Barbarians after the Grecians had got vp to the heights annoied them spightfully in their descent They were light-Armed and comming close vp they might easily shift away at their pleasure because they caried no other furniture then Bowes and Arrowes and Slings They were excellent Archers and had Bowes well nigh three Cubits Arrowes more than two Cubits long When they shot they drew the string applying their hand somewhat toward the nether end of the Bowe and â—etting their left foot forward With their Arrowes they pierced both Curaces and Targets The Grecians putting thongues to the middest of them sent them backe againe at the enemies in stead of Darts The Cretans were verie vse-full in these places Stratocles the Cretan was their Commander They quartered that day in the Villages which lay vpon the Plaine neere the Riuer Centrites the bredth whereof is 200 Foot and this Riuer parteth Armenia and the Carduchans Countrey Here the Grecians rested The Riuer is distant from the Carduchan Mountaines about some six or seuen Furlongs They quartered here with great pleasure both in regard of the plentie of all things which they found and also because they gladly remembred their trauell ouergone For in seuen whole daies in which they marched thorow the Carduchans Countrey they were put to continuall fight and suffered more distresse than whatsoeuer the King and Tissaphernes could worke them Being therefore freed from that danger they slept and tooke their rest with great content Assoone as it was day they might discerne beyond the Riuer Armed horse that seemed readie to hinder their passage and Foot-men ordered vpon the bankes aboue the Horse to stop their entry into Armenia These were Armenians Mygdonians and Chaldeans Mercenaries to Orontes and Artuchus The Chaldeans were said to be a free Nation and warlike Their Armes were long wicker Targets and Speares The banks vpon which they were embattelled were distant some three or foure Plethers from the Riuer and no way ouer but one could be discerned which led vp to the higher ground and seemed to be made with hand The Grecians sought to passe that way But making triall and finding the water to reach vp aboue their breasts and the Riuer rough with many great and slipperie stones and perceiuing that they could not hold their Armes in the Riuer which by reason of the swiftnesse and violence of the streame would
was determined with his Gallies to make ouer to the Hauen of Calpe perswaded him to keepe his owne forces by him and to iourney apart and further counselled him to conceale it from the rest to the end that they and their Souldiers alone might be transported in the Gallies and Cherisophus partly discontented with that which had passed and partly out of a hatred against the Army gaue him liberty to doe as he thought best From that time forward Xenophon sought to saile away and to depart from the Army But sacrificing to Hercules the Guide and asking of him counsell whether it should be better for him to follow the warre with the remnant of Souldiers vnder his command or to depart the god signified by the sacrifice that he should continue his command and not depart So the Army was diuided into three parts The Arcadians and Achaeans being more than 4500. all heauie armed Cherisophus hauing 1300. armed and 700. Peltasts who were the Thracians that followed Clearchus Xenophon 1700. armed and 300. Peltasts and he alone had horse amounting to the number of fortie The Arcadians getting shipping of the Heracleans sailed away first of purpose that falling suddenly vpon the Bithinians they might preuent the rest and make the greatest prey They landed at the Hauen Calpe which lieth in a manner in the middest of Thrace Cherisophus marched on foot thorow the Countrey beginning at Heraclea and as soone as he entred into Thrace he led along by the Sea-coast for he was now sicke Xenophon taking shipping landed in the confines of Thrace and of the Heraclean Countrey and marched thorow the middest of the Land Thus therefore haue we declared in what manner the command of Cherisophus was wholy dissolued the army of the Grecians distracted into parcells The course that euery one held was this The Arcadians after they had landed by night at the Hauen of Calpe aduanced forthwith to the next villages situate about fiftie Furlongs from the Sea When day-light appeared euery Coronell led his Diuision or Regiment to a village If the village seemed any thing great the Coronels allotted two Diuisions to it They agreed also vpon a hill to which they were all to retire and because they fell vpon the Country suddenly they tooke many prisoners and brought in many sheepe The Thracians that escaped assembled together and many being taken prisoners shifted out of the Grecians hands because they were Peltasts the Grecians armed and being now gathered together in good number they first charged the Diuision of Smicretes one of the Arcadian Coronels as he was retiring to the place appointed being heauie laden with prey The Grecians both marched and fought at the same time till they came to a hollow bank't brooke where in their passage they were put to flight by the Barbarians Smicretes and his whole band were slaine Another regiment of one of the ten Coronels whose name was Hegesaâ—der had but 8. only left aliue by the Barbarians which 8. were saued with Hegesander himselfe The rest of the Captains came to the hill some with much ado some easily The Thracians encouraged with this good hand sell made outcries one to another flocked together in multitudes by night as soone as it was day they ordered many horse and Pelâ—asts in a circle about the hill where the Grecians encamped and still more and more came running together and without danger to themselues charged the Grecian armed for the Grecians had neither Archer nor Darter nor Horse but the Thracians running forth and spurring their horse close vp to the Grecians cast darts at them and being charged retired and easily saued themselues by flight and some of them gaue on in one place some in another so that many of the Grecians were wounded no one of the enemies hurt Being thus not able to moue out of the place where they stood they were also at last debarred from water by the Thracians and reduced to that extremitie that they were faine to sue for composition In the treatie all other things were easily agreed vpon but the Thracians would giue no pledges as the Grecians required which was the stay of further proceeding In this plight were the affaires of the Arcadians Cherisophus marching forward along the Sea coast without danger was by this time come to the Hauen of Calpe But Xenophon held on thorow the middest of the Countrey and as he marched his Hors-men scouting before chanced vpon Embassadors going it was not knowen whither who being brought to Xenophon he asked them whether they could tell him tidings of any Grecian Armie els-where They related vnto him all that had hapned and that at this instant they were assaulted and hardly laid vnto vpon the hill and that all the Thracians of the countrey had encompassed them round The Ambassadors were put in safe custodie to the end to vse them for Guides when need required Afterward setting out 10 Scouts he called the Souldiers together and thus spake vnto them The Arcadians O Souldiers are some of them slaine the rest being retired to a hill besieged and assaulted For my part I am of opinion if they perish we can finde no safety the enemy being so many and so much incouraged with the happinesse of this successe It is therefore best to giue them aid with all speed that if they be aliue wee may ioyne with them in fight against the enemie and not be left to runne the danger alone And for the present let vs march on till supper time and then set downe with our Campe. And while we march let Timasion with the horse scout before casting an eye toward vs alwaies and giuing aduertisement of all occurrence that we be ignorant of nothing that may concerne vs. He sent out likewise some of the best footmen of his light-armed toward the flanks of the Armie and the tops of the hils willing them to giue intelligence of what they saw Hee commanded also to set fire vpon all that was apt to take fire For quoth he we cannot escape any way the distance backe againe to Heraclea being great and the march forward to Chrysopolis great and the enemie neere at hand The way is shortest to the Hauen of Calpe whither we imagine that Cherisophus is come at least if he be in safety And yet are we not to hope for any shipping to carry vs from thence and resting there wee shall not finde so much as a daies prouision Now in case those that are besieged were lost it would be more dangerous for vs to hazard with Cherisophus his Souldiers alone But if they be succoured and freed from this danger and all of vs assembled together we shall in common dispute our safety the better You are therefore to march on with resolution either now honourably to die or else to performe a most noble act and worthy of eternall memory namely to saue so great a number of Grecians
haue no shipping and hauing likewise no prouision necessitie forceth vs to be readie to march We therefore the Coronels will offer sacrifice As for you you are if euer heretofore to prepare your selues to fight inasmuch as the enemie hath gathered courage So the Coronels sacrificed taking to them Arexion the Arcadian Southsaier For Silanus the Ambraciote had stollen away in a Ship of Heraclea which he hired They sacrificed about their departure but the entrailes of the sacrifice were not faire They stayed therefore that day There were some that durst giue out that Xenophon intending to plant in that place had perswaded the Southsaier to say that the sacrifice allowed not of their departure Hereupon Xenophon caused Proclamation to be made that the next morning euerie one that list might be present at the sacrifice and if there were any Southsaier amongst them he commanded him to come and view the entrailes and so sacrificed in the presence of many When they had now thrice sacrificed about their departure the entrailes assented not The Souldiers were ill apaid herewith For their prouision which they brought with them failed and there was no Market to be had Hereupon when they againe assembled Xenophon spake thus The sacrifices as your selues are eie-witnesses are not fauourable to our departure and I see you are destitute of victuall wherefore I hold it necessarie to aske counsell by sacrifice about this matter alone Then one of them arising said It is not without cause that the sacrifice crosseth our departure For as I heard of one that by chance came by Ship hither yesterday Cleander the Gouernour of Byzantium is about to crosse ouer to vs with Ships and Gallies Hereupon it seemed good to all to remaine in the place But yet they were forced by necessitie to fall out into the Countrey for victuall and prouision for the Campe and sacrifice was offered hereabout three times which notwithstanding opposed their going out They came then to the Tent of Xenophon and told him of their wants I may not quoth he leade you out vnlesse the sacrifice be fauourable The next day they sacrificed againe and because they were perplexed and the businesse touched all well-nigh the whole Armie encircled the sacrifice And now there was no more sacrifice left The Coronels therefore albeit they led not out the Armie yet did they call an assembly and Xenophon said It may be the enemie is gathered together and we shall be driuen to fight by necessitie If therefore leauing our baggage in this place of strength we issue out prepared for fight and then offer sacrifice perhaps the sacrifice will giue better allowance The Souldiers hearing this cried out that there was no need of leading them out but willed them to renew the sacrifice with all speed There were now no Sheepe to be had and they were faine to buy Oxen out of the Waine to offer in sacrifice And Xenophon desired Cleanor the Arcadian to gather vp his spirits and be in a readinesse if the sacrifice portended any good but this sacrifice was also crosse Neon was Coronell of that part of the Armie which Cherisophus commanded He when he saw the Souldiers discontented with their wants desirous to gratifie them finding an Heraclean who affirmed that he knew Villages at hand from whence prouision might be had made proclamation that euerie one that would might goe abroad for prouision proffered himselfe to be their Leader There issued therefore out of the Campe to the number of two thousand with Darts Bladders Bags and other Vessels After they came into the Villages and were dispersed in rifling the Hors-men of Pharnabazus fell vpon them for they gaue aid to the Bithynians desirous with the Bithynians to hinder the Grecians from entring into Phrygia if they could These Hors-men killed no lesse than fiue hundred Grecians the rest fled vp into a Mountaine and one of them that fled brought newes hereof to the Campe. Xenophon because the sacrifice was not agreeable that day taking an Oxe out of the Waine for there was no other to kill offered it and went to the rescous taking with him all the Souldiers vnder fiftie yeeres of age and bringing those off that were left aliue returned to the Campe about Sun-set and sat downe to Supper being full of griefe and sorrow for that which had happened Vpon the suddaine some of the Bithynians thorow the thickets falling vpon the out-Guards killed a few of the Grecians and chaced the rest to the Campe and a great cry being raised the whole Armie ran to Armes It seemed not safe to pursue the enemie or to moue the Armie by night the Countrey being full of thickets They watched therefore that night in Armes putting forth Guards sufficient to fight with the enemie if need were So was the night spent In the morning the Coronels led into a stronger place and the Souldiers followed with their Armes and baggage and before it was Dinner time they cast a Trench all along the Face of the Campe which led into the Countrey and strengthened all the Rampier with Palizadoes leauing only three Gates to passe in and out the Campe. In the meane time came a Ship from Heraclea fraughted with Barley-meale and with beasts for sacrifice with Wine Xenophon rising early in the morning sacrificed about issuing out of the Campe and the entrailes of the first beast offered were faire The sacrifice being ended Arexion the Parrhasian southsaier espied an eagle of good fortune and willed Xenophon to lead out the army and the Coronels passâ—ng ouer the trench laid downe their Armes and made Proclamation that the Souldiers should first dine and then issue out of the campe with their Armes leauing the many and the Captiues behinde All the rest issued except Neon For it was thought best to leaue him Commander of those that remained in the Campe. His Regiment being left behinde by the Coronels and Captaines were ashamed to stay seeing the rest marched out and putting the guard of the Campe into the hands of the Souldiers that were 45 yeeres of age they followed after the Army So these remaining behinde the other marched forward They had not gone 15 Furlongs when they happened vpon the dead lately slaine vnder the command of Neon and staying the Reare of their Wing by the first dead that they lighted vpoÌ„ they buried all that lay next by the wing When they had buried the first they moued forward and staying againe the Reare against the first that were vnburied they after the same sort buried as many as the Army had lying by it But after they came to the way that led from the villages where they lay in heapes they gathered them together so buried them And being now past mid-day they aduanced and tooke what prouision euery man saw without the villages and conueied it within the Phalange when suddenly they might discerne the enemy being many
Horse and Foot vpon the mountaines ouer against the Army ordered in a Phalange For Spithridates and Rathines were come thither with forces sent from Pharnabazus When the enemy espied the Grecians they made Alt about 15 Furlongs off Hereupon Arexion the soothsayer of the Grecians sacrificed and the entrailes were faire at the very first Then said Xenophon I thinke it best ô Coronels to chuse out certaine Companies and to order them in the Reare of the Phalange for seconds that if need be there may be some to giue aid to the Phalange and that the enemy being disordered may fall vpon them standing in order and readie for fight All yeelded to this opinion You then quoth he lead on against the enemy that we make no stay after we see and are seene of them If you thinke good I will go take some of the Reare Companies and separate them for this seruice Hereupon they marched on leasurely But Xenophon taking three Companies of 200. apeece from the Reare sent one to follow the Phalange on the right hand about a Plethers distance Samolas the Achâ—â—â— was the leader thereof another he separated to follow in the middest the command whereof Pyrias the Arcadian had the third on the left hand vnder the command of Phrasias the Athenian As they marched they chanced vpon a great Forrest and hardly passable where they made Alt being ignorant whether they might get thorow it or no and the word was giuen for the Coronels and Captaines to come vp to the Front Xenophon maruelling at the sâ—ay of the march and hearing the word that was giuen galloped vp to the Front with all speed When they were come together Sophoâ—etus the eldest of the Coronels said he thought not fit that such a Forrest as that should be trauersed thorow Xenophon quickly answering him spake thus My coÌ„panions you know as I thinke that I neuer willingly brought you into any danger For I see that you need no glory that may be purchased with valour but rather stand in need of safetie alone The case now standeth thus that we cannot depart hence without fight For if we goe not against the enemy he will follow and charge vs in our retreat Consider then which of the two is the better to goe against them with armes in our hands or facing about to see them fall vpon our Reare You cannot be ignorant that to dismarch from an enemy was euer held dishonourable by a man of valour as contrariwise that to pursue giueth courage euen to a coward For my part I had rather follow with halfe the number we haue than dismarch with twice so many I know also that there is none of you feareth they will stand our first charge if we seeke them Whereas no man is ignorant that they dare and will be readie to follow vpon vs if we retire If any man conceiue it a matter of danger to haue the Forrest behinde vs in our fight I hold it rather an aduantage to be sought for To the enemies I could wish that all places might seeme easie to shift away that they may haue occasion to turne their backes For you you ought to learne of the place it selfe that there is no saâ—etie but in victory But I should not a little maruell if any of you could once imagine that this Forrest is more fearefull for vs to trauerse than other places which wee haue alreadie passed For how could we haue gone thorow the plaine countrey if we had not ouercome the enemies Horse or ouer the mountaines if so many Peltasts had pressed vs Admit now we come safe to the Sea how gâ—eat a Forrest is the Sea Where if we remaine we shall finde neither shipping to transport vs nor victuall to nourish vs. And we shall no sooner arriue there but we must immediately issue out of our Campe to seeke prouision Is it not therefore better to fight with the enemy now we haue dined than to morrow fasting The sacrifice is faire and the presage of the euent fortunate and the entrailes of the beasts portend good lucke Let vs march against them and since we are come into their sight let vs not giue them leaue either to sup with content or to sleepe where themselues are disposed Hereupon the Captaines willed him to lead on and no man gainsaid it Leading on hee gaue the word that euery man should passe the Forrest in the very place where he was For he conceiued that the Army should more easily passe singling themselues as the way fell out than if they clustrâ—d and thronged at a Bridge which might be in the Forrest When all were thorow hee rid along the Phalange and said Remember ô Souldiers what battels you haue by the helpe of the gods gained together against your enemies and what they haue suffered that fled from the enemy and withall call to minde that you are at the gates of Greece Follow Hercules your guide and exhort one another by name It will be a pleasure for him that doth or speaketh any thing worthy of a braue minde to leaue a memorie of his worth in any place where hee will These words he spake riding in haste along the Front and withall led on the Phalangâ— and ordered the Peltasts on either wing thereof and so went against the enemy He also commanded them to carry their pikes on their right shoulders till he gaue a signe with the trumpet then charging them to follow leisurely and no man to giue chase running Then was the word giuen Iupiter the sauiour and Hercules the guide The enemy kept his ground trusting to the strength of the place When they came neere one to another the Grecian Peltasts giuing a shout ran forth against the enemy without command and were encountred and put to flight by the Bithynian horse and foot But when the Phalange of the armed marching speedily came vp and the trumpet sounded and they sang the Paean and afterward gaue a shout and charged their pikes the enemy forsooke the place and fled and Timasian with his horse which were not many in number killed as many as he could So the left wing of the enemy vpon which the Grecian horsmen followed was quickly dispersed but the right being not so muâ—h pressed in the chase stood still vpon a hill Whom when the Grecians saw remaining in the field they thought they might safely charge them and without all danger Singing therefore the Paean they aduanced against them But the enemy presently tooke themselues to their feet The Peltasts gaue chase till that wing was also scattered Few of them were slaine because of the multitude of the enemies horse who put the Peltasts in feare of following too farre The horsemen of Pharâ—abaziâ— stood yet vnited together to whom the Bithynian horsemen gathered and from a hill beheld what was done in the field Which when the Grecians saw albeit they were sore trauelled
notwithstanding they thought it conuenient to seeke them as they could lest haply taking heart they might be againe emboldned Therefore embattelling themselues they led against them The enemy seeing them comming cast themselues downe the steepe places no otherwise than if horsemen had followed them in chase A Forrest receiued them that fled which the Grecians were not acquainted with Wherefore night drawing on they returned and when they came to the place where the battels first ioyned they erected a Trophey and so about Sunne-set retired to the Sea for the Campe was about 60 furlongs off Henceforward the enemies began to looke to themselues and remoued as farre from thence as they could as well the inhabitants as their goods and substance The Grecians lay still expecting Cleander and the Gallies and Ships which they thought would come And going forth euery day without feare hauing with them their cariage-beasts and slaues they brought in wheat barley wine pulse-corne bucke and figs. For the Territorie bare all fruit plentifully Oliues only excepted And as long as the Armie kept within the Campe any man might goe forth to spoile and deteine that he found for his priuate vse But a decree was made that when the whole Armie went abroad whatsoeuer was taken by any man going apart it should be to the vse of the generalitie Now was there plenty of all things For prouision came from the â—recian Cities on euery hand and they that arriued there by ship came willingly on shore because they vnderstood a Citie was there planting and that it was a good Hauen and many of the enemies being neere borderers sent to Xenophon for they heard that he was the planter demanding vpon what conditions they might be receiued into his friendship whom Xenophon shewed to the Souldiers About this time Cleander came with two Gallies but with neuer a ship It fell out so that at his arriuall the Army was abroad and some gone into the plaine countrey to prey other to the mountaines and had gotten together many sheepe and fearing they would be taken away they spake to Dexippus who stole the ship of 50 oâ—res from the Armie when it lay at Trapezond and praied him to keep them and to retaine part for himselfe and restore the rest to them He presently beat away the Souldiers that stood thereabout albeit they told him that the prey pertained to the generality and imâ—ediaâ—ly went to Cleander and informed him that they sought to steale the sheepe Cleander commanded that whosoeuer he was that went about to take them away should be brought vnto him Dexippus laid hold vpon one and began to leade him toward Cleander whom Agasias by chance comming that way rescued because he was one of his company The rest of the Souldiers that were present cast stones at Dexippus calling him Traitor Many Mariners of the Gallies being affrighted ranne to the Sea and Cleander himselfe shifted away Xenophon and the other Coronels pacified the Souldiers and told Cleander it was no matter of danger and that the decree of the Armie was cause of that that hapned Cleander incensed by Dexippus and of himselfe discontented because it might be perceiued that he was in feare said he would saile away and cause proclamation to be made that no Grecian Citie should receiue them as being common enemies to all for at that time the Lacedemonians commanded all Greece This seemed a hard and dangerous thing to the Grecians and they desired him not to doe so He said he would relent vpon no other condition than that the caster of the first stone and the party that made the rescous should be deliuered into his hands Agasias was the man he sought who had beene a friend to Xenophon euen to the last which was the cause that Dexippus accused him The Commanders knowing not what to doe called an assembly of the Armie Many made small account of Cleander Xenophon thought the businesse to be of no meane consequence and arising spake thus Fellow Souldiers if Cleander departing hence carry that minde toward vs which hee professeth I take it to be a matter not to be contemned For now the Grecian Cities are at hand and the Lacedemonians are rulers of Greece and euery Lacedemonian of power sufficient to worke any City to what he list If therefore he first shut vs out of Byzantium and signifie to the rest of the Gouernours not to receiue vs into their Cities as being disobedient to the Lacedemonians and notto be gouerned this rumor will come to the eares of Anaxibius the Admirall so that it will be hard for vs either to stay here or to saile away For at this time the Lacedemonians haue the Souereigntie of Greece both by Sea and Land It is not fit therefore that for one or two mens sakes we the rest be debarred from Greece but we are rather to obey whatsoeuer they command For our Cities from whence euery one of vs is are vnder their subiection I therefore for I vnderstand that Dexippus informeth Cleander that Agasias would not haue done this vnlesse I had bid him I I say cleare both you and Agasias of this fault if Agasias will say that I am the cause thereof and I condemne my selfe and will willingly vndergoe all extremitie of punishment if it may appeare that I were the beginner either of casting of stones or of any other violence I say further if any man else be accused by Cleander he ought whosoeuer he be to yeeld himselfe to Cleanders iudgement So shall you be free from all fault But as matters goe now it will be hard if thinking to receiue praise and honour in Greece we in stead thereof shall not be in the case that other are but be excluded out of all Grecian Cities After this Agasias stood vp and said I ô Souldiers sweare by the gods and goddesses that neither Xenophon nor any other willed mee to take away the man but when I saw an honest and worthy Souldier of mine led away by Dexippus whose traiterous dealing toward you you well know I thought it a matter not to be suffered And albeit I confesse that I rescued him yet would I not that you should deliuer me vp I my selfe as Xenophon aduiseth will yeeld my selfe into the hands of Cleander to vse me at his discretion Neither would I for this cause haue you make warre with the Lacedemonians nor haue any man impeached to saue himselfe where he list Only I desire you to make choice of some of your selues to send with me to Cleander who in case I omit any thing may speake and doe what they thinke auaileable in my behalfe The Army gaue him leaue to choose whom he thought good and he chose the Coronels So Agasias and the Coronels and the man that was rescued went together toward Cleander to whom the Coronels vsed this speech The Army O Cleander hath sent vs vnto you and desire you if you thinke