and after close March Note Every even Rank from the Front face outward and double the odd March Next follows to shew some Divisional Doublings by the same C. Double your Ranks to the right and left by Division March R. The outmost Files upon each Flank that moved face inward and strengthen the Body March C. Double your Ranks to the right and left by Division every Man placing himself on the outside of his right and left hand Man March R. The outmost Files upon each Flank that moved double the inmost Files to the right and left inward every Man placing himself on the inside of his right and left hand Men. March C. Half Files double your Front by Division March Half Files face outwards and march clear of the Body face to your Leader move up and double the Front R. The outmost Files upon each Flank that moved double entire the depth of the inmost Files March Entire Doublings to the Front by Wheelings C. Wheel off your Reer half Files and double your Front to the right entire March Half Files face about and wheel to the left R. Wheel off your Right half Ranks and double your left Flank entire to the left C. Wheel off your Reer half Files and double your Front to the left entire Face outward and Left half Ranks wheel about to the left R. Wheel off your Left half Ranks and double your right Flank to the right entire C. Wheel your Reer half Files inward into the midst and double your Front inward entire March R. The inmost Files that doubled wheel about to the right and left outward and double entire the depth of the outmost Files after face to your Leader and close Files to the midst to order Divisional Doubling to the Front by Wheeling C. Wheel off your Reer half Files and double your Front by Division March R. The outmost Files upon each Flank that doubled wheel about to the right and left inward and double entire the depth of the inmost Files face to your Leader March CHAP. XV. Of Conversion and Inversion with some few words of Command and Reducements THE difference betwixt Inversion and Conversion is this Inversion doth always produce File or Files and Conversion Rank or Ranks Inversion consists of Files filing or of Ranks filing Conversion of Ranks ranking to the right or to the left or by increase of Files ranking by even or uneven parts Note That what is commanded to the Right the same may be performed to the Left The words of Command for Inversion are as followeth C. Files file to the right R. Files file six to the left C. Files file to the right and left by Division R. Files file six to the right and left C. Files file to the right entire advancing R. File six to the right towards the Front C. Files file inward into the right Flank The right hand File stands the rest move away placing themselves in a direct File before the Front R. Front half Files file three to the left Reer half Files face about and file three to the right face to your Leader and close your Divisions C. Files file to the right by Division R. Front half Files file three to the right and Reer half Files face about and file three to the left face to your Leader and close your Divisions C. Files file inward into the right and left Flank by Division R. Half Files face about to the right Front and Reer half Files file three to the right and left inwards face to your Leader and close your Divisions For filing inward the half Files are to face about and so the left hand File of the Reer and right of the Front are to move away 'till they become one File Filing by Division is the same only the right hand File stands the rest move away Filing inward into the right Flank by Division half Files are to face about then the File-Leaders and Bringers up of the right and left are to lead and so successively fall into the Reer of each other Of Ranks filing Ranks filing is sooner performed and reduced than Files filing and will be more ready to make resistance against any opposition in the Front C. Ranks file to the right or to the left placing your selves behind your right hand Men. Direction If they be upon a stand they may open to their distance each Ranke and so place themselves behind their right hand Men. If upon a March as to pass some narrow Defile the readiest way to perform it and draw up in order again as soon as past is to make the Ranks file if to the right the right hand Man files first and the rest of his Rank follow him 'till the Defile be past For larger Defiles the Commander draws off as he judges the way will easily receive R. Files rank as you were C. Ranks file to the right and left by Division Tacticks of Aelian c. 30. p. 6. Direction It is the same with the last differing only in this the half Ranks to the left fall behind their left hand Men to the left the half Ranks to the right behind their several right hand Men. R. Files rank to the right and left inward as you were The words of Command for Conversion are as followeth C. Files rank three to the right Direction In this Motion the File-Leader is first to move to the Hand commanded and the half File-Leader is to advance the same way R. Ranks file as you were C. Files rank six to the left March Direction In this Motion close Ranks forward to order and open Files to double Distance then let every Man in his File move up to the left of his File-Leader so every File will become one Rank This if the Company be small will make it seem more large Battalion like C. Ranks rank outward into the Front Direction The first Rank stand the rest face outward placing your selves successively into the Front after face to your Leader R. Ranks rank twelve to the right and left inward as you were C. Ranks rank inward into the Front The twelve middlemost men stand which is the first Rank the rest move successively after the first Rank Direction The first Rank is to move away to the right and left the next Rank moving up into his ground doing the like and so all the rest until the last Rank be come up entire into the Front R. Ranks rank six to the right and left outward Direction The first six upon the right and the first six upon the left stand the rest move outward falling in the Reer of the first Rank ranking six to the right and left and after closing their Divisions C. Files rank to the right into the Front Direction Open to the left to your double Distance and Ranks close forward to close Order and move up to the right into the Front R. Ranks file six to the left Direction To perform which the first six upon the left
are to fall into a File the rest doing the like until they are all converted into Files C. Ranks rank outward into the Front every Man placing himself on the outside of his right and left hand Man This Ranking is by Countermarch Direction The first Rank stand the rest move forth to the right and left successively and advance into the Front every Man placing himself on the outside of his right and left hand Man R. Ranks rank twelve to the right and left inward every Man placing himself on the inside of his right and left hand Man Note The twelve middle men are to stand the rest to move six to the right hand and six to the left inward C. Ranks rank inward into the Front every Man placing himself on the inside of his right and left hand Man Direction Right and left half Ranks open from the midst to twice double Distance the first Rank of each Division is to stand the rest are to move to the right and left inward into the Front R. Ranks rank six to the right and left outward every Man placing himself on the outside of his right and left hand Man and after to close their Divisions C. Files rank to the right by wheeling into the Front Direction Files open to the left to your double Distance Ranks close forward to your close Order face to the right and wheel 'till all the whole Body be brought into one entire Rank R. Ranks file as you were C. Files rank into the Front and Reer by Division Direction Files open to the left to your open Order Ranks close forward to your close Order half Files face about to the right and left then move all in Front and Reer and make two entire Ranks R. Front half Files face about to the left Reer half Files face about to the right then wheel half Files into the midst as they were then face them to their Leader and close their Files at discretion Observe that those in motion are to face to the right Flank C. Ranks rank two to the right This may be observ'd with any even number Direction The two first in Rank advance forwards to the right the next two in the Reer of them until the first Rank have performed the Command all the rest of the Ranks is to perform the like R. Ranks rank as you were C. Ranks rank two to the right and left outward Direction The two outmost Men upon the right and left hand advance forwards the next in the same Rank are to follow dividing themselves two to the right hand and two to the left 'till the Motion be finished R. Ranks as you were Or Rank twelve to the right and left inward C. Ranks rank two to the right and left inward Direction The two inmost Men of the right and left hand in the midst of the Battel advance forwards the next in the same Rank are to follow two from the right hand and two from the left until all have performed the Command C. Ranks rank 1 3 5 7 9 c. by increase and decrease as they stand in a Body Direction The right hand Man of the first Rank march forth then the three next of the same Rank follow him then five more out of the same Rank to make the third and what is wanting in the first Rank of the Body to make good the fourth in Figure must be taken out of the second in Body and so to proceed in the remainder both for its increase and decrease until your Command be produced R. Right hand Men Rank as you were C. Ranks rank to each Flank by wheeling to the right and left into the same by Division Observe they are to be at double Distance in Rank and at Order in File Direction Face them to the Reer and then let them wheel into their places R. Ranks rank as you were face to your Leader But if you would avoid mixture of Arms you may place all your Muskettiers either in Front and Reer or else wheel only the Muskettiers first and leave the Pikes standing Otherwise it may be performed in marching and then the Reducement as before Rank as you were C. Ranks of your Front and Reer half Files wheel outwards to your right and left Flank by Division Note They are to observe the same distance as in the former Command Direction Half Files face about Ranks open to your double Distance then Front and Reer half Files wheel to the right and left outwards into both Flanks R. Front and Reer half Files face to the right and left inwards and Rank as you were and close Ranks forward to order C. Files rank three first then by increase to the Right two in each Division of Muskettiers and Pikes These are termed half Rhombs or Wedges R. Ranks file as you were C. Files rank first two and by increase two from the whole Body You may make a Wedge of all together R. Ranks file as you were Note You may alter the mixture of Arms at pleasure C. Files rank first two and by increase and decrease two in each Rank divisionally both of Muskets and Pikes Tacticks of Aelian pag. 108. R. Ranks file as you were CHAP. XVI Of Countermarches with their several sorts and kinds THE next branch of Discipline which offers it self are Countermarches which we read in the Tacticks of Aelian Tacticks of Aelian cap. 28. were of use amongst the Grecians and Persians only these three kinds to wit 1. The Chorean maintaining ground 2. The Lacedemonian losing ground 3. The Macedonian gaining ground The distance for Countermarch is open Order in Rank and File Note When there is a Countermarch commanded without any other addition then it is always intended a Chorean Countermarch The Chorean C. Files to the right hand Countermarch Direction The word of Command being given all the File-Leaders step forwards with their right Legs and face about to the right every File-Leader with his File following him towards the Reer passing through the interval on his right hand observing to keep even in Rank with his right hand Man and not to turn until he come to the ground where at first his File-Leader began the Motion The Command is performed when the Bringers up have attained unto the place where before their File-Leaders stood R. Files to the left hand Countermarch C. Ranks to the right hand Countermarch Direction Face them to the right then the right hand File is to turn off to the right and to march even to the Ground of the left hand File R. Ranks to the left hand Countermarch Note That any entire Countermarch of Files and Ranks will be reduced by making another entire Countermarch to what hand soever but if you desire to have them not only reduced to the same Aspect but also precisely to the same place then if the Countermarch be to the right Countermarch again to the right so to the left
after they are reduced Command From your Advance Charge to the Front Right Left Reer Advance as you were Command Shoulder Port Comport Cheek Trail your Pike Shoulder as you were Note This is useful upon a March It is likewise useful in time of Fight provided the Pikes be upon a stand it doth not only preserve the Pikes but the Soldiers also Command From your Shoulder Charge to the Front Right Left Reer Shoulder as you were Command Port Comport Cheek Trail your Pikes Port as you were Note That Port is only fit for the Soldiers to enter a Gate or Sally-Port and likewise to ease the Reer in time of Battel when the Front are at Charge Command From your Comport Charge to the Front Right Left Reer Comport as you were Note That Comport is only necessary for a Soldier upon his March to ease himself up a Hill Command Cheek Trail your Pikes Cheek as you were The Pike Cheeked is the right Sentinel Posture which ought always to be made use of upon that occasion Command Trail your PIKES From your Trail Charge to the Front Right Left Reer Trail as you were Note That this Posture is only useful in a Trench to move for security of any Breach undiscovered likewise in the Marching through a Wood and upon Funeral occasions Command Order your Lay down your Pikes Here is to be observed by this method That all the Postures of the Pike are performed particularly not Commanding one Twice and no one be he never so Skilful ought to slight any of these Postures being that at one time or other he will have occasion to use them CHAP. IV. NOW that our Soldiers are well Trained and that they rightly understand the several Postures of the Pike before recited and are ready to march into the Field before their Enemies I shall contract the Postures and Charges of the Pike into a shorter way fit for the Service of the Field The Pikes lying on the ground the first word of Command will be Stand to your Handle your Arms. Command Raise up your PIKES To your Open Order Order Close Order Note As before I shall omit the Charges of Close Order to the Horse and with brevity proceed Command Order as you were Command Advance Port your Pikes Charge to the Front Command Shoulder your Pikes Charge to the Front Command Comport your Pikes Charge to the Left Command Cheek Trail your Pikes Charge to the Reer CHAP. V. HAving now done with the Pike in the next place it will be convenient to shew you the Postures of the Musket or Calliver together with the Rest which shall be shewed you at large as it was exercised and still is in the Military Gardens and after in as short a method as possible the way shall be shewed you how it is now exercised both with the Match and without the Match and Rest The Musket lying on the ground the first word of Command will be Col. Wil. Barriffe in his young Artillery-Man p. 2. Stand to your Arms. Take up your Put on your Bandaliers Take up your Place your Match Take up your Musket and Rest Rest your Musket Now if you please you may perform your Saluting Posture Poyse Shoulder your Musket Take your Rest into your right Hand and you are Armed ready to march Take your Match between the Fingers of your right Hand Put your Rest String about your left Wrist and carry your Rest in your left Hand Return your Match between the Fingers of your left Hand Vnshoulder and Poyse your Musket Joyn your Rest to the outside of your Musket Open Clear Prime Shut your Pan. Cast Blow off your loose Corns Bring about your Musket to the Sword side Trail your Rest and Balance your Musket in your left hand Charge with Powder Draw forth Shorten your Scouring-stick Charge with Bullet Put your Scouring-stick into your Musket Ram home your Charge Withdraw Shorten Return your Scouring-Stick Bring forward your Musket and Rest Poyse your Musket and recover your Rest Joyn your Rest to the outside of your Musket Draw forth your Match Blow your Coal Cock and Fit your Match Guard your Pan. Blow the Ashes from your Coal Open your Pan. Present upon your Rest Give Fire Breast high Dismount your Musket joyning your Rest to the outside of your Musket Vncock Return your Match Clear Shut your Pan. Poyse Shoulder your Musket Take your Match between the Fingers of your right Hand Take your Rest into your right hand clearing your String from your Wrist Return your Rest into your left hand the String loose Return your Match into your left hand Note This causes the Soldiers to be in a fit capacity for to March but if you are to lay down your Arms upon the Ground proceed Vnshoulder Poyse Rest your Musket Set the But-end of your Musket on the Ground Lay down your Musket and Rest Lay down your Match Take off Lay down your Bandaliers Face about to the left and march from your Arms. Face about to the right and stand to your Arms. This is principally used to make the Soldiers apt and ready to find their places if upon a sudden Alarm they be called Here endeth the Postures of the Musket together with the Rest beginning from the taking them up from the Ground and by an orderly proceeding to make ready and so to lay them down again CHAP. VI. NOW having shewed you the Postures of the Musket and Rest according to the formal way of Exercise of late used and still is in those learned Schools of Discipline the Military Grounds which I wish may flourish for ever with good able and loyal Soldiers that may be ready to do their King and Country Service let us see how we can handle the Musket without the Rest and likewise with and without the Match The Musket lying on the ground the words of Command will be as before Stand to your Handle your Arms. Now you are to take notice That in taking up the Bandaliers putting them on the taking up of the Match placing of it and the taking up of the Musket these or the like are not Postures but Motions to the first Posture Therefore I will leave out the words of Command tending to the Motions and proceed to the Postures themselves The Mukettier being shoulder'd Command Snaphance Matchlock Slope Let slip your Muskets Sloping and Slipping of the Musket is only Motion not Posture Vnshoulder and Poyse your Muskets Palm Rest your Muskets Secure your Cock Draw back your Hammer Clear Prime your Pan. Put down your Steel Hammer It is not needful to insert every Command but only add such as are now in use for the Matchlock The Match being placed in the left hand Open Clear Prime Shut your Pan with a full hand Cast Or Blow off your loose Corns Bring about your Musket to the Sword side Handle your Charger Open your Charger with your Teeth Charge with Powder Draw forth your Scourer Shorten your Scourer to
an Inch against your right Breast Charge with Bullet Ram home your Powder and Ball. Withdraw your Scourer Shorten your Scourer to a handful Return your Scourer Bring forward And Poise your Musket Palm Or Rest your Musket Fit your Hammer or Steel Free Bend your Cock Present your Musket Give Fire Palm or Rest your Musket Clear Shut your Pan. Poyse Shoulder your Musket Handle your Match Blow your Coal Cock Try your Match Guard your Pan with your 2 foremost Fingers Blow the Ashes from your Coal or advance your right Foot Blow and open your Pan. Advance your left Foot and to the front Present Vnlock Return your Match The Musket being shoulder'd you are ready for a March or in a fit Posture for any Motion That which is called the Saluting Posture is to be performed from the Resting or Palming of the Musket when a Soldier hath occasion to Salute his Friend or in honouring any other person deserving And for the Sentinel Posture the Musket is to be in the palm of the left hand at his resting Posture but his Musket to be charged with Powder and Bullet in his Mouth his Cock freed and secur'd with his Thumb so to be ready to execute his Charge This Posture rightly performed is in my opinion one of the most becoming Postures that belongs to the Musket and will as soon discover a good Soldier Capt. Ven. There is a word of Command sometimes used Reverse your Musket which is the marching Funeral Posture The way to perform it is to put the But end of the Musket upwards under your left Arm holding it in your left Hand about the Lock of the Musket CHAP. VII THere is also a conformity of Posture betwixt the Musket and those of the Pike the words of Command to be given may in many things be received by both Arms as the Musket and Pike lying on the ground these words of Command may properly be implied to both As for Example Stand to Handle Order your Arms. That is the But end of the Musket standing on the ground at the outside of the right Foot is conformable to the Pike ordered and in my opinion the properest Command for this Posture of the Musket is Order your Musket being it is so conformable to their Pike ordered for the most apt and easiest expressions are certainly most fittest to be conduced into words of Command And I cannot conceive but the word Order may as aptly be received by the Muskettier as by the Pikeman tho' Lieutenant-Collonel Barriffe and others be of a contrary opinion But to proceed farther in the rest of the Postures viz. Elton p. 6. cap. 7. The Musket poised to the Pike advanced The Musket shoulder'd to the Pike shoulder'd The Musket porting to the Pike porting The Musket reverst as in the Funeral Posture to the Pike trailing The Musket palmed to the Pike cheeked which is the proper Sentinel Posture for both The Musket presented to the Pike charged As for the Motion of Posture which conduceth to lading priming of the Musket and the Pike they are all included in that general word of Command properly belonging to the Muskettiers which is to make ready CHAP. VIII THe place of Dignity which every Soldier hath and ought to have both in Rank and File shall be declared The noble Soldier being inquisitive after Honour is much desirous to understand his place of Worth and Dignity which he ever conceives to be as due to him as his life which was the reason that caused both the Grecian and Roman Generals to be so exact and curious in bestowing Rewards upon all valiant Soldiers who were deserving of the same and according to every Man's Worth and Dignity gave him precedence of Place and Command over the others that they might lead and direct them as occasion should require as you may read at large in several Authors who treat of those Wars Xenoph. Cyrop l. 3. c. 85. and l. 8. 203. Ae. Vegat l. 3. c. 18. which Custom from that time hath ever since been observed and still is practised by all Nations Therefore it is sit that the young Soldier should understand his place of Dignity which if he would but esteem it of that Credit which all former Ages have done certainly they would take more care to put in practice all such Duties which is thereby requir'd it is strange to think there should be so much ignorance as there is in our Annual Exercises but finding many very ignorant of the difference between a File and a Rank and what Dignity belongs thereto induces me to shew what is requir'd to the making up of a File and likewise of a Rank with the Dignity of each Man as he stands both in File and Rank A File First Know that a File is a number of Men beginning at one Leader and continuing in order of followers to the last Man or from the first which is termed Protostatai a File-Leader to the last which is termed Epistatai or Bringer up For the number of a File our present Discipline only allows six and no more so that there needs no farther dispute concerning the number of a File A Rank Secondly A Rank is a Row of Men composed of Files more or less joyned together as when one File is laid flankwise to one another standing shoulder to shoulder from the right hand to the left A File of it self worketh little effect against an Enemy for what can a Man alone in front do Xenoph. Cyrop l. 6. 167. Cyrus in Xenophon wisheth That whereas the Egyptians stood 100 in depth they had been in depth 1000 for saith he we should have the fewer Hands to fight against The Rank bringeth the multitude of Hands to fight which without doubt the more Hands that are with convenience brought to fight the more is the advantage to him that bringeth them V. Vrbinus saith That the File-Leaders make the front which they call The first Rank And farther saith They that run in an even Line betwixt the two Wings the Right and the Left are said to be Parastatae or Sidemen Capt. B. in his Notes upon Aelian's Tacticks c. 47. Likewise the last Rank is called Oura or The Reer and the Commander Ouragos the Bringer up So that in all preparations for Exercise Files must first be made up which being drawn forth and joyned together Ranks are made It is ever the practice of all judicious Commanders first to draw their Soldiers forth into Files which being added together Ranks are made By this time the Soldier will expect to know his place of Dignity wherefore because that Files are first to be drawn forth I will begin first with the precedence of Files Therefore conceive their Dignities according to the Figures or Numbers hereafter plac'd first of File then of Rank and lastly of both joyned together Front Half-File 1 1 A File-Leader 2 5 Middlemen 3 4 A Bringer up to the Front Half-File Reer
C. Countermarch Front and Reer into the midst Direction Half Files face about and turn off to the left Front half Files turn off to the right and face to your Leader R. Countermarch your Front and Reer into the midst again will reduce the last Command or else by any other Divisional Countermarch of Files C. Front and Reer half Files Countermarch to the right Direction Front half Files Countermarch to the right following your File-Leaders Reer half Files Countermarch to the right following your Half File-Leaders R. Countermarch Front and Reer into the midst then face to the first Front and they are reduced C. Countermarch your Flanks into the midst Direction Face to the right and left outwards the right Flank turn off to the right the left Flank turn off to the left March and close your Divisions R. Countermarch your Flank into the midst again and they are reduced C. Right and left half Ranks interchange your Ground Direction Face to the right and left inward March and interchange your Ground face to your Leader R. Interchanging of Ground back again will reduce them or Divisionally to Countermarch their Flanks into the midst of the Battel The Lacedemonian Countermarch losing Ground C. Files to the right hand Countermarch placing your selves before your Bringers up to your Leader Direction Bringers up face about to the right the rest Countermarch to the right every Man turning on the Ground he stands following their Leaders placing themselves before their Bringers up R. Bringers up stand the rest pass through to the right and place your selves before your Bringers up C. Files to the right hand Countermarch every Man turning on the Ground he stands Direction The File-Leaders of each File are to step sideways to the right and so march even in Rank together every Man following his Leader and turning on the Ground he stands R. Files to the left hand Countermarch every Ma turning on the Ground he stands C. Bringers up face about to the right the rest pass through to the right and place your selves before your Bringers up Direction Face all to the right about Bringers up stand the rest of the Body pass through the right and place your selves before your Bringers up Note This Motion is begun by the Rank next the Bringers up and so continued successively by the rest 'till the Command be ended R. This Countermarch may be reduced by doing the same to the contrary hand or if you please C. Bringers up stand the rest pass through to the right and place your selves behind your Bringers up Note This Command is performed by the Rank next the Reer until the File-Leaders become the Bringers up then face them to the proper Front and they are reduced Direction The last Rank or Bringers up are to stand the rest of the Body to face to the Reer and pass through to the right placing themselves behind their Bringers up then face them all about after their proper File-Leaders and they are reduced as at first C. Ranks to the right hand Countermarch every Man turning after his right hand Man on the Ground he stands Direction Face all to the right which being performed the right hand File together with all the rest becomes Ranks and so begin the Countermarch every Rank turning after his right hand Man on the Ground he stands and so marcheth forth-right beyond that which was the left Flank R. Right hand File face to the right the rest pass through to the right and place your selves before your right hand Men. The Macedonian Countermarches gaining Ground C. File-Leaders face about to the right the rest pass through to the right and place your selves behind your Leaders Note This Motion beginneth with that Rank next the File-Leaders Direction File-Leaders face about to the right the rest pass through the intervals to the right and place themselves behind their Leaders every Rank successively passing through and taking their places R. File-Leaders face to the Reer the rest pass through the left following your Bringors up placing your selves behind your Leaders Note This Countermarch may be reduced as the rest by doing the same to the contrary hand or by an entire Countermarch of Files Direction File-Leaders face to the Reer then the Bringers up begin the Countermarch passing forward between the intervals turning on the Ground they stand the 5 following the 6 and so likewise the rest until the Countermarch is ended then face them to their first Front and they are reduced as at first R. For Reducement observe this for all That any entire Countermarch of File or Rank may be reduced by another entire Countermarch by File or Rank of what kind or to what hand soever This may suffice to be spoken of all the several sorts and kinds of Countermarches they being the least useful of any part of the Art Military and of late not so much as practised upon Service either abroad or at home very little in any of our Annual Exercises Therefore in the next place I come briefly to treat of Wheelings being a Subject more profitable for the intelligible Soldier CHAP. XVII Of Wheelings with their several Uses BEfore you begin to wheel close both Ranks and Files to their Order Two things are to be observed in all Wheelings by the Soldier 1. That they keep their due Distance which is in all Wheelings three Foot both in Rank and File 2. That upon all Wheelings you must be sure to observe your Leader and follow him keeping your due Distance your Muskettiers being all either shoulder'd or palmed which is the Sentinel Posture your Pikes to be either shoulder'd or advanced conformable to the Muskettier for if he be palmed the Pike may be advanced and then he is ready either for Port or Charge Entire Wheelings C. Wheel your Battel to the Right Left Right about Left about Direction The right or left hand Men in the Front are the Hinges of these Motions who with a small Motion move to the right or left the rest the more their places are remote from the right or left Angle the more swift must every Man's Motion be to bring their Aspects unto the place commanded following their Leaders and keeping their due Distance R. For Reducement if you wheel your Battel to the right wheel it again to the left and they are reduced but not to the same Ground if to the right about wheel to the left about but if you would reduce them as well to the first Ground as their first Aspect face them to the right and then wheel them to the left about which being done face them to the left and they are perfectly reduced as at first But the nearest Reducement of Aspect and Place is If you wheel to the right about then wheel to the right about again if to the left about then to the left about in like manner C. Wheel your Battel on the same Ground to the Right Left Right about Left about Direction Left
entire face to your Leader C. Left half Ranks double entire the depth of the right Flank R. Half Files double your Front to the left entire face to your Leader C. Left half Ranks double your right Flank inward entire R. The three first and the three last Ranks double the six middlemost Ranks entire to the right Flank face to your Leader CHAP. XXXIII Divisional Doublings to the right Flank C. DOuble your Files to the right by Division Direction Half Files of the even Files from the right face to the Reer even Files march clear of the standing part after move to the right and left and double the odd Files to your Leader R. The three first and the three last Ranks double the six middlemost Ranks to the left Direction The three first Ranks face about march down by your own right hands into the midst of Ranks the three last Ranks move forward to the midst to your own left hands to your Leader C. Double your Files to the right by Division every Man placing himself before his Leader and his Bringer up Direction Half Files of the even Files from the right face to the Reer the even Files march and double the odd according to Command to your Leader R. The three first and the three last Ranks double the six middlemost Ranks to the left every Man placing himself before his Leader and his Bringer up Direction The three first Ranks face about to the left move down to the midst of Ranks by your own right hands placing your selves before your Bringers up and the three last Ranks march forward into the midst placing your selves before your Leaders to your Leader C. Left half Ranks double your right Flank by Division Direction Half Files of the left half Ranks face about to the right the left half Ranks move clear of the standing part face all to the right Flank and march until they have ranged even a Breast with the right Flank face to your Leader R. The three first and the three last Ranks double the six middlemost Ranks entire to the left Flank Direction The three first and the three last Ranks face to the left Flank and move clear of the standing part after face inward march and close your Divisions to your Leader CHAP. XXXIV Entire Doublings to the right Flank by Wheelings C. VVHeel off your left half Ranks and double your right Flank entire to the right Direction Face outward left half Ranks wheel about to the left march until you have doubled the right Flank entire to the right face to your Leader R. Wheel off your Reer half Files and double your Front to the left entire Direction Half Files face to the Reer and wheel about to the right march forward until you range even a Breast with the Front C. Wheel off your Left half Ranks and double your right Flank entire to the left Direction Left half Ranks face outward wheel about to the right march until you have doubled the right Flank entire to the left face to your Leader R. Wheel off your Front half Files and double your Reer to the right entire Direction Half Files face about Front half Files wheel about to the left march and double your Reer to the right face to your Leader C. Wheel the Left half Ranks inward into the midst and double your right Flank inward entire Direction Half Files of the right half Ranks face about Right half Ranks march clear of the standing part then face to the right and Left half Ranks face to the left and wheel inward into the midst then march 'till you have doubled the right Flank inward entire face to your Leader R. Wheel off the six middlemost Ranks and double your Front and Reer entire to the left Flank Direction The six middle Ranks face to the right and wheel about to the right and left march until you are clear of the standing part then face to the Front and Reer and march doubling the Front and Reer towards the left Flank face to your Leader and close your Divisions CHAP. XXXV Divisional Doublings to the right Flank by Wheelings C. VVHeel off your Left half Ranks and double your right Flank by Division Direction Face outward and Left half Ranks wheel off to the right and left about and march until you have doubled the right Flank to your Leader R. Wheel off the three first and the three last Ranks and double the six middlemost Ranks entire to the left Flank Direction The three last Ranks face about and wheel to the right about march up towards the midst of the left Flank the three first Ranks at the same time wheeling about to the left moving down to the midst of the left Flank to your Leader C. Wheel off your Front and Reer half Files into the right Flank by Division Direction Face all to the right and wheel off to the right and left until the Bringer up of the right hand File meet with the right hand File-Leader R. Wheel Front and Reer into the left Flank face to your Leader Note Vpon this Command they must be all faced to their proper Front before the Motion Thus I take leave of all Doublings leaving the ingenious to make use of so many as may fit the opportunity both of Time and Season and so proceed to Firings and Figures of Battel The Ranks being even'd and the Files streighten'd the Captain commands the Drum beats and the Muskettiers make ready for Skirmish upon these Figures following CHAP. XXXVI Figures of Battel with Firings upon the same for this sixth days Exercise Command FIles to the right and left double inward The three first Ranks wheel your Front into the midst The three last Ranks wheel your Reer into the midst The rest of the Body face to the right and left and march all three paces and after double Files to the right in each Division and they will stand as in this following Figure The Cross Battel For the first Firing let them give fire as now they stand falling in the Reer of their own Divisions all to the right Thus they may fire twice For a second Firing command the first Rank of each Division to fire and fall off to the right Fileways and Flank their own Division of Pikes to the right the next Rank of each Division present and give fire falling off to the left File ways being led off by their left hand Man and so flank their own Division of Pikes to the left and as the first falls off to the right and the second to the left so the third falls off to the right and the fourth to the left until they have flanked each their own Division of Pikes to the right and left which will produce this following Figure You must note That after the two first Ranks have fired and flanked their own Division of Pikes to the right and left they must open to the right and left outwards to give room for the
in the Reer of their own Divisions the rest moving up into their Leaders ground Reducement Face them all after their proper File-Leaders then cause the Pikes to face in opposition and close their Divisions Muskettiers of the Front Division face to the right about Muskettiers both of Front and Reer close your Divisions face all to your Leader Command The two outmost Files of Muskettiers march forth being led by four Officers two of which are to return into their places the Serjeants that led forth the outmost Files are to stand to see them do their Execution the two inmost Files face inwards Oblique cross the Front of Pikes the outmost Files face outwards in an Oblique manner then to your Leader Observe the Figure For to fire upon this Figure let the Muskettiers present all together as now they stand and give fire and then suddenly facing after their Bringers up march down into their places then next two Files of each Flank in the interim moving forwards into their Leaders ground and so fire and fall off as before which reduceth them Command Muskettiers march until your half Files range even with the Front of Pikes then stand Half Files of each Arms face outward and march until you are clear of the Angles of your Arms then stand face all to your Leader This Figure fit to fire to the Front and both Flanks if to the Front and that you would preserve your Figure then the Muskettiers must move forwards into their Leaders ground If you please you may move forwards your Reer Division of Muskettiers and make Wings of them when having fired once or twice over may retreat into their places the Pikes in the mean time are to Advance Move forwards Port Charge Stand or Retreat If you would give fire to both Flanks and to the Front at one and the same time then the Front Divisions both Muskettiers and Pikes are to stand and fire to the Front falling off to the right and left in the Reer of their own Divisions the rest moving up into their Leaders ground the Reer Divisions as well Muskets as Pikes face to the right and left and fire to both Flanks falling off as before the rest moving up into their Leaders ground Reducement Command the Reer half Files both of Muskets and Pikes to face inwards and close their Divisions Pikes march up and even your Front of Muskettiers face to your Leader and they will be reduced Command Files to the right double then wheel your Flanks into the Reer then face the Body to one of the Flanks and wheel your Battel into a Convex Half Moon For to fire upon this Figure as now they stand let the Pikes Charge over-over-hand and the Muskettiers give fire as they stand presenting all to the Front For a second Firing if the Enemy press upon either of the Flanks or Reer you may cause the whole Body to face outwards and then let the Muskettiers give fire falling off to the right and left through their intervals placing themselves in the Reer of their Pikes the Pikes at the same time charging over-hand Command Wheel your Flanks to the right and left into an even Front then face to your Leader which being performed they will stand three deep in File then Command Files to file to the right into a Ring being led away by some Officer until the File-Leader of the right Flank falling just in the Reer of the Bringer up of the left Flank then face them all to the Center and let them close forwards to order then face them to the right about as in the following Figure For to fire upon this Figure command the Pikes to charge round and the Muskettiers give fire all together then let the Commander go to the place where the File-Leader of the right Flank filed first away and command them to file as they were which being performed they will stand three deep the Pikes being all in Front and thereupon become the File-Leaders Next command the Reer to wheel into both Flanks and Ranks to double to the left and they will be reduced Command Wheel your Front into the midst By this Command the Pikes will be all in the Reer and the Muskettiers in Front and they will stand six deep Then command Files to file to the right into a Ring by causing the File-Leader of the right Flank to march away the rest filing after him 'till they make one entire File and close in a Ring Observe the Figure following Fire upon this Figure if you please as now they stand the Pikes at the same time porting This may be continued so long as you think fit round For a second Firing you may cause every Division of Muskettiers to give fire then fall down even with their Front of Pikes and so fire again the Pikes at the same time charging over-hand to the Horse or they may fall behind the Pikes and then give fire over their shoulders Reducement Command File-Leaders to lead up their Files as they were and then to wheel their Reer into the midst and face to their Leader and they will be reduced as at first Command Muskettiers of the left Flank and the whole stand off Pikes face to the right and left inwards and interchange ground which being done the Muskettiers will be all upon the right Flank then cause each Division both Pikes and Muskets to file to the right the Pikes within the Muskets at the same time making two Rings as in the following Figure For to fire upon this Figure command both Muskets and Pikes to face to the right about then let the Muskettiers all present as they stand the Pikes at the same time charging and give fire then let them make ready a second time and give fire falling off between the intervals of their Pikes placing themselves behind their Pikes the Pikes falling to their close Order by putting the But end of the Pike at the inside of the right Foot the Pike in the left hand drawing their Swords over their left Arms. Then the Muskettiers the Pikemen stooping may give fire over their heads as often as the Commander pleases after they may pass through again into their places After which the Ensign in sign of Triumph may Display his Colours in the midst of the Circle which being performed command the File-Leaders to lead up their Files as they were then let the Pikes and Muskets interchange ground and they will be reduced as at first And herewith we will conclude this days Exercise and leave our Soldiers to their Rests until the morrow's Sun and the thundering Drum shall call us into the Field again CHAP. XXXI The sixth Days Exercise HAving the sixth time brought your Soldiers into the Field according to the accustomed manner and being doubtless well experienced by their former Exercises in the well managing and handling of their Arms and likewise in all other Commands as Distances Facings Doublings Countermarches and Wheelings which will not only encourage