foot_n for_o the_o dot_n at_o head_n and_o foot_n set_v off_o one_o stem_n viz._n 3_o ½_n from_o the_o head_n and_o foot-line_n that_o be_v in_o the_o parallel_n of_o 14_o ½_n and_o 26_o ½_n and_o where_o that_o set_n off_o the_o inner_a circle_n of_o head_n and_o foot_n shall_v be_v the_o centre_n whereon_o the_o compass_n set_v to_o 1_o ¾_n you_o may_v describe_v circle_n for_o the_o dot_n s_o be_v make_v like_o f_o only_o instead_o of_o a_o stroke_n quite_o through_o the_o head-line_n here_o be_v only_o a_o beak_n proceed_v from_o the_o left_a hand_n to_o the_o stem_n in_o the_o head-line_n this_o beak_n or_o projecture_n be_v make_v like_o the_o projecture_n of_o other_o letter_n only_o the_o line_n of_o the_o beak_n that_o run_v into_o the_o head-line_n be_v draw_v on_o the_o left_a head-line_n of_o the_o stem_n t_o the_o stem_n and_o right_a hand_n top-stroke_n of_o t_o be_v make_v like_o the_o stem_n and_o top-stroke_n of_o e_o and_o the_o left_a hand_n top-stroke_n of_o t_o 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the_o parallel_n of_o 25_o ½_n set_a your_o compass_n to_o 13_o ¼_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 25_o ½_n erect_v 23_o ½_n describe_v the_o outer_a arch_n set_v your_o compass_n to_o 10_o ¼_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 25_o ½_n erect_v 23_o ½_n describe_v the_o inner_a arch._n the_o topping_n make_v as_o you_o have_v be_v teach_v before_o u._fw-mi the_o first_o stem_n be_v make_v like_o i_o but_o it_o round_v at_o the_o foot_n as_o h_z m_o n_z do_v at_o the_o head_n the_o second_o stem_n be_v sometime_o make_v straight_o without_o a_o beak_n as_o it_o be_v here_o sometime_o with_o one_o make_v like_o the_o former_a it_o be_v tail_n be_v make_v like_o the_o tail_n of_o d._n w_n be_v w_n only_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o second_o five_o lie_n over_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o first_o in_o the_o top-line_n w_o the_o same_o with_o w_n only_o you_o must_v observe_v the_o dimension_n of_o v._n x_o set_v off_o 5_o in_o the_o top-line_n and_o 20_o in_o the_o foot-line_n and_o draw_v a_o straight_a line_n between_o these_o two_o point_n draw_v another_o line_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n parallel_n to_o it_o by_o occult_a arch_n the_o breadth_n of_o a_o stem_n then_o set_v off_o 25_o in_o the_o top-line_n and_o 6_o in_o the_o foot-line_n and_o draw_v a_o straight_a line_n between_o these_o two_o point_n draw_v another_o line_n parallel_n to_o it_o towards_o the_o right_a hand_n by_o occult_a arch_n the_o breadth_n of_o 1._o the_o top_n and_o footing_n be_v make_v as_o before_o x_o set_v off_o 3_o ½_n in_o the_o hend-line_n and_o 14_o viz._n four_o stem_n in_o the_o foot-line_n and_o draw_v a_o straight_a line_n between_o these_o two_o point_n draw_v another_o line_n parallel_n to_o it_o towards_o your_o right_a hand_n by_o occult_a arch_n the_o breadth_n of_o a_o stem_n viz._n 3_o ½_n then_o set_v off_o 16_o ½_n in_o the_o head-line_n and_o 3_o ½_n in_o the_o foot-line_n and_o draw_v a_o straight_a line_n between_o these_o two_o 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occult_a arch_n through_o who_o convex_a point_n draw_v another_o straight_a line_n into_o the_o top-line_n for_o the_o outer_a bound_n of_o the_o right_a side_n then_o set_v off_o in_o the_o foot-line_n and_o top-line_n 1_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o perpendicular_a and_o 4_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o perpendicular_a and_o by_o a_o ruler_n lay_v to_o the_o setting_n off_o on_o either_o side_n the_o perpendicular_a draw_v straight_a line_n from_o the_o body_n of_o in_n into_o the_o foot-line_n the_o foot_n and_o topping_n be_v make_v as_o before_o y_z erect_v a_o perpendicular_a from_o the_o foot-line_n into_o the_o head-line_n and_o set_v off_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n
be_v worthy_o account_v the_o best_a but_o this_o i_o will_v say_v too_o that_o though_o these_o letter_n be_v doubtless_o first_o invent_v and_o contrive_v to_o be_v make_v with_o rule_n and_o compass_n and_o now_o doubtless_o somewhat_o debauch_a from_o their_o original_a invention_n yet_o after_o a_o artificer_n have_v implant_v these_o general_a rule_n in_o his_o memory_n and_o use_v his_o hand_n to_o the_o make_n of_o these_o letter_n he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o perform_v this_o work_n very_o well_o without_o run_v over_o all_o these_o prescription_n beside_o the_o very_a draught_n of_o the_o letter_n will_v show_v he_o what_o part_n of_o a_o letter_n must_v be_v fat_a or_o lean_a straight_a or_o circular_a now_o before_o i_o begin_v with_o the_o particular_a rule_n of_o each_o letter_n i_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o explain_v the_o mean_v of_o some_o term_n that_o will_v be_v convenient_a to_o be_v use_v in_o this_o practice_n and_o also_o to_o give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o the_o method_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o make_v of_o letter_n as_o 1._o among_o letter_n some_o be_v capital_n some_o be_v small_a the_o capital_n be_v the_o great_a letter_n therefore_o call_v capital_n as_o a_o b_o c_o etc._n etc._n be_v capital_n 2._o small_a be_v those_o letter_n that_o in_o long_a discourse_n follow_v the_o capital_n as_o a_o b_o c_o d_o etc._n etc._n be_v small_a letter_n 3._o among_o the_o small_a letter_n some_o be_v long_o and_o some_o be_v short_n 4._o the_o long_a be_v the_o ascendant_n and_o descendants_n 5._o the_o short_a be_v those_o that_o stand_v between_o the_o head_n and_o foot-line_n such_o be_v a_o c_o e_o m_o etc._n etc._n 6._o all_o the_o capital_n be_v ascendant_n so_o call_v because_o they_o stand_v high_a than_o the_o head-line_n of_o the_o short_n and_o among_o the_o small_a letter_n some_o be_v ascendant_n as_o b_o d_o h_o i_o k_o l_o these_o reach_n up_o to_o the_o top-line_n 7._o descendants_n be_v those_o that_o stand_v low_a than_o the_o foot-line_n such_o as_o be_v g_o p_o q_o y_fw-fr these_o reach_n down_o to_o the_o bottom-line_n 8._o long_o be_v those_o that_o stand_v as_o high_a as_o the_o ascendant_n and_o as_o low_o as_o the_o descendants_n viz._n reach_v up_o to_o the_o top_n and_o down_o to_o the_o bottom-line_n such_o as_o be_v i_o q_o f_o j_o s._n 9_o the_o length_n be_v the_o distance_n between_o the_o top_n and_o bottom-line_n as_o the_o distance_n 0_o 42_o in_o letter_n a_o be_v the_o length_n 10._o the_o head-line_n be_v the_o upper_a line_n that_o bound_v the_o short_a letter_n as_o parallel_v 30_o in_o roman_n and_o italicks_n and_o parallel_v 33_o in_o the_o english_a be_v the_o head-line_n 11._o the_o foot-line_n be_v the_o low_a line_n that_o bound_v the_o letter_n as_o parallel_v 12_o in_o the_o roman_n and_o italicks_n and_o parallel_v 9_o in_o the_o english_a be_v the_o foot-line_n 12._o the_o top-line_n be_v the_o line_n that_o bound_v the_o top_n of_o the_o ascend_v letter_n as_o parallel_v 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a_o space_n 23._o a_o space_n be_v 7_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a length_n of_o the_o letter_n as_o the_o whole_a length_n be_v 42_o so_o a_o space_n be_v 7_o of_o 42_o which_o be_v the_o six_o part_n of_o the_o length_n some_o rule_n to_o be_v follow_v in_o the_o make_v of_o letter_n 1._o the_o length_n be_v divide_v into_o 42_o equal_a part_n from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o foot_n be_v 12_o of_o they_o in_o roman_n and_o italicks_n and_o in_o english_a 9_o as_o aforesaid_a 2._o from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o head-line_n as_o in_o letter_n a_o be_v 30_o of_o they_o and_o in_o letter_n a_o 33._o from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o top_n be_v all_o the_o 42._o so_o that_o a_o short_a letter_n of_o roman_n and_o italicks_n stand_v between_o parallel_n 12_o and_o parallel_v 30_o and_o in_o english_a between_o parallel_n 9_o and_o 33._o 3._o the_o stem_n and_o other_o fat_a stroke_n of_o capital_n roman_a be_v 5_o part_n 4._o the_o stem_n and_o other_o fat_a stroke_n of_o capital_n italic_a 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make_v those_o stroke_n lean_v which_o shall_v be_v lean_a and_o those_o stroke_n fat_a which_o shall_v be_v fat._n for_o as_o the_o pen_n go_v upward_o its_o nib_n strike_v a_o lean_a stroke_n but_o as_o it_o come_v down_o its_o nib_n open_v wide_a and_o strike_v a_o fat_a stroke_n so_o that_o whatever_o tool_n a_o letter_n be_v make_v with_o you_o be_v to_o consider_v it_o as_o make_v with_o a_o pen_n and_o to_o allow_v it_o its_o fat_a and_o lean_a stroke_n according_o but_o in_o this_o the_o copy_n of_o the_o letter_n themselves_o will_v more_o full_o instruct_v you_o 11._o you_o must_v take_v special_a care_n that_o you_o allow_v the_o letter_n its_o full_a length_n for_o because_o none_o of_o the_o capital_n but_o the_o consonant_a i_o and_o q_n be_v descendants_n you_o may_v be_v apt_a to_o think_v that_o in_o some_o case_n where_o the_o inscription_n be_v all_o capital_n you_o may_v drive_v up_o the_o top_n of_o the_o under-line_n above_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o line_n 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part_n therefore_o in_o the_o point_n where_o the_o two_o inside_n stroke_n of_o a_o meet_a as_o at_o fig._n 1_o place_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n be_v set_v to_o 5_o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o occult_a arch_n 3_o 4._o then_o place_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n at_o the_o right_a hand_n stroke_n of_o the_o inside_n of_o a_o in_o the_o foot-line_n and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o occult_a arch_n 5_o 6._o then_o lay_v your_o ruler_n to_o the_o outer_a convex_a point_n of_o these_o two_o occult_a arch_n and_o by_o the_o side_n of_o it_o draw_v a_o straight_a line_n from_o the_o top-line_n to_o the_o foot-line_n for_o the_o outward_a bound_n of_o the_o right_a hand_n stroke_n of_o a._n set_v off_o 1_o in_o the_o top-line_n from_o the_o outer_a bound_n of_o this_o right_a hand_n stroke_n towards_o the_o left_a as_o at_o 3_o and_o draw_v a_o straight_a line_n in_o the_o top-line_n to_o that_o point_n set_v your_o compass_n to_o 3_o and_o place_v 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compass_n and_o with_o the_o other_o dâ—â—â—ribe_v four_o arch_n to_o the_o out_o and_o inside_n of_o a_o for_o the_o foot_n here_o you_o may_v see_v the_o fat_a stroke_n be_v 5_o part_n broad_a and_o the_o lean_a stroke_n be_v 1_o part_v broad_a and_o each_o foot_n be_v 5_o part_n in_o the_o foot-line_n from_o its_o respective_a side_n the_o same_o rule_n and_o order_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o all_o the_o roman_a capital_n a_o draw_v a_o parallel_n at_o 12_o for_o the_o foot_n and_o at_o 30_o for_o the_o head_n erect_v 0_o be_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o head_n and_o belly_n of_o a._n set_v your_o compass_n to_o two_o stem_n viz._n 7_o part_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n of_o they_o in_o parallel_n 23_o ½_n and_o erect_v 6_o as_o at_z fig._n 1_o describe_v with_o the_o other_o foot_n the_o arch_n for_o the_o outmost_a bound_n of_o the_o head_n of_o a._n then_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o one_o stem_n viz._n 3_o ½_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 26_o and_o erect_v 5_o ½_n as_o at_o fig_n 2._o describe_v with_o the_o other_o foot_n the_o inner_a arch_n of_o the_o head_n of_o a._n remove_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n to_o parallel_v 15_o ½_n erect_v 3_o ½_n as_o at_o fig._n 3_o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o arch_n for_o the_o outer_a belly_n of_o a._n remove_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o the_o same_o parallel_n to_o erect_v 7_o as_o at_o fig._n 4._o and_o with_o the_o other_o foot_n describe_v the_o arch_n for_o the_o inner_a belly_n of_o a._n remove_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o the_o same_o parallel_n to_o erect_v 12_o as_o at_o fig._n 5._o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v a_o semicircle_n for_o the_o outer_a bound_n of_o the_o tail_n of_o a._n join_v this_o semicircle_n by_o a_o straight_o erect_v line_n to_o the_o arch_n which_o make_v the_o inside_n the_o head_n of_o a._n then_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o half_a the_o stem_n viz._n 1_o ¾_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o the_o same_o parallel_n viz._n 15_o ½_n erect_v 13_o ¾_n as_o at_o fig._n 6._o with_o the_o other_o foot_n describe_v the_o arch_n for_o the_o inside_n the_o tail_n of_o a._n join_v this_o semicircle_n by_o a_o straight_o erect_v line_n to_o the_o arch_n which_o make_v the_o outside_n the_o head_n of_o a_o your_o compass_n be_v set_v as_o before_o to_o 1_o ¾_n place_n one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 25_o ½_n erect_v 1_o ¾_n as_o at_o fig._n 7._o describe_v the_o arch_n for_o the_o dotario_n in_o the_o head_n of_o a._n make_v a_o prick_n in_o parallel_n 20_o and_o in_o the_o erect_a of_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o stem_n and_o from_o that_o prick_n draw_v a_o straight_a line_n to_o the_o convexity_n of_o the_o outer_a belly_n of_o a._n work_v in_o the_o inner_a belly_n to_o this_o straight_a line_n join_v the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o belly_n by_o a_o straight_a line_n draw_v to_o the_o inside_n the_o stem_n in_o parallel_n 15_o ½_n so_o be_v a_o finish_v here_o you_o may_v perceive_v that_o the_o several_a arch_n whereof_o this_o letter_n be_v make_v have_v their_o radius_fw-la stem_n and_o part_n of_o a_o stem_n as_o the_o radius_fw-la of_o the_o first_o arch_n be_v 2_o stem_n the_o radius_fw-la of_o the_o second_o three_o four_o five_o arch_n be_v 1_o stem_n the_o radius_fw-la of_o the_o six_o and_o seven_o be_v half_a a_o stem_n b_o divide_v the_o whole_a depth_n into_o 42_o as_o afore_o in_o a._n the_o topping_n and_o foot_v be_v 5_o erect_v and_o the_o stem_n 5_o more_o set_a your_o compass_n to_o 7_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 34_o ½_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n side_n of_o the_o stem_n as_o at_o fig._n 1_o describe_v with_o the_o other_o the_o inner_a arch_n of_o the_o upper_a belly_n of_o b._n remove_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n to_o erect_v 15_o in_o the_o same_o parallel_n as_o at_o fig._n 2._o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v a_o arch_n for_o the_o outer_a bound_n of_o the_o upper_a belly_n of_o b_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o 7_o ½_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 20_o erect_v 12_o as_o at_o fig._n 3_o describe_v with_o the_o other_o foot_n the_o arch_n for_o the_o inner_a bound_n of_o the_o low_a belly_n of_o b._n remove_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o the_o same_o parallel_n to_o erect_v 17_o as_o at_o fig._n 4._o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o outer_a arch_n of_o the_o low_a belly_n of_o b._n set_v your_o compass_n to_o 15_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 27_o erect_v 0_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o arch_n for_o topping_n and_o foot_v join_v the_o arch_n of_o the_o belly_n arch_n to_o the_o stem_n at_o the_o top_n middle_n and_o foot_n by_o hand_n as_o you_o see_v in_o the_o projection_n by_o stroke_n of_o half_a a_o part_n broad_a but_o so_o as_o the_o low_a belly_n have_v nothing_o of_o the_o stroke_n fall_v in_o it_o because_o it_o must_v be_v half_a a_o part_n big_a than_o the_o upper_a belly_n b_o the_o beak_n project_n 1_o stem_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n viz._n 3_o ½_n part_n as_o do_v all_o other_o project_v letter_n in_o the_o small_a roman_a therefore_o in_o parallel_n 40_o erect_v 0_o make_v a_o prick_n for_o the_o angle_n of_o projecture_n then_o in_o parallel_n 38_o ½_n erect_v 3_o ½_n make_v another_o prick_n for_o the_o left_a hand_n bound_n of_o the_o stem_n between_o which_o 2_o prick_n draw_v a_o straight_a line_n make_v another_o prick_n in_o parallel_n 42._o erect_v 7_o for_o the_o right_a hand_n bound_n of_o the_o stem_n and_o draw_v another_o straight_a line_n between_o the_o first_o prick_n and_o this_o last_o so_o be_v the_o beak_n make_v then_o in_o parallel_n 12_o erect_v 0_o set_v off_o 3_o ½_n and_o 7_o and_o from_o erect_a 3_o ½_n at_o the_o under_o side_n of_o projecture_n draw_v a_o straight_a line_n to_o 3_o ½_n set_v off_o in_o parallel_n 12_o and_o another_o straight_a line_n from_o erect_v 7_o at_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o projecture_n to_o erect_v 7_o in_o parallel_n 14_o so_o be_v the_o stem_n make_v then_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o 9_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 21_o erect_v 12_o ½_n as_o at_o fig._n 1_o describe_v with_o the_o other_o foot_n the_o outer_a arch_n of_o the_o belly_n then_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o 8_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 21_o erect_v 10_o as_o at_o fig._n 2._o with_o the_o other_o foot_n describe_v the_o inner_a arch_n of_o the_o belly_n set_a then_o your_o compass_n to_o 4_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 10_o erect_v 7_o as_o at_o fig._n 3_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v
a_o small_a arch_n under_o the_o stem_n so_o be_v b_o finish_v c_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o 15_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 27_o erect_v 15_o as_o at_o fig._n 1_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v a_o circle_n cut_v off_o half_a a_o stem_n viz._n 2_o ½_n of_o this_o circle_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n with_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n which_o perpendicular_a must_v reach_v from_o the_o top-line_n the_o breadth_n of_o a_o stem_n below_o the_o circle_n and_o from_o the_o foot-line_n the_o breadth_n of_o a_o stem_n above_o the_o circle_n viz._n 5_o part_n remove_v your_o compass_n 5_o erect_v further_a viz._n the_o breadth_n of_o the_o stem_n in_o the_o same_o parallel_n to_o erect_v 20_o as_o at_o fig._n 2._o and_o describe_v so_o much_o of_o a_o circle_n as_o will_v be_v comprehend_v between_o your_o left_a hand_n and_o the_o two_o perpendicular_o which_o cut_v off_o a_o part_n of_o the_o former_a circle_n to_o describe_v the_o great_a arch_n of_o the_o butting_n set_v your_o compass_n to_o 15_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o extreme_a inner_a point_n of_o the_o butting_n at_o 15_o distance_n towards_o the_o left_a hand_n as_o at_o fig._n 3_o 4._o with_o the_o other_o point_n describe_v the_o arch_n of_o butting_n then_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o half_a the_o breadth_n of_o a_o stem_n viz._n 2_o ½_n and_o one_o foot_n place_v successive_o in_o the_o top_n and_o foot-line_n at_o the_o butting_n of_o c_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o small_a arch_n at_o the_o top_n and_o foot_n of_o the_o outside_n of_o c_o so_o be_v c_o finish_v only_o you_o must_v take_v care_n to_o work_v in_o the_o intersection_n of_o these_o circle_n by_o hand_n at_o the_o top_n and_o foot_n so_o must_v you_o also_o the_o small_a circle_n in_o the_o top_n and_o foot_n c_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o 9_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 21_o erect_v 9_o as_o at_o fig._n 1_o with_o the_o other_o foot_n describe_v a_o circle_n cut_a 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five_o more_o both_o make_v as_o so_o much_o of_o letter_n b._n set_v your_o compass_n to_o 15_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n line_n of_o the_o stem_n in_o parallel_n 27_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v a_o semicircle_n towards_o your_o right_a hand_n remove_v your_o compass_n the_o breadth_n of_o the_o stem_n viz._n 5_o towards_o the_o right_a hand_n in_o the_o same_o parallel_n and_o describe_v another_o arch_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n work_v these_o arch_n by_o hand_n up_o to_o the_o stem_n leave_v the_o lean_a stroke_n at_o the_o top_n and_o bottom_n 1_o part_n so_o be_v d_o finish_v d_o the_o belly_n of_o d_o be_v make_v like_o c_o all_o but_o the_o dotario_n in_o the_o head_n which_z d_o have_v not_o the_o projecture_n or_o beak_n of_o the_o stem_n be_v make_v like_o b_o but_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stem_n differ_v for_o do_v have_v a_o tail_n which_o be_v as_o long_o as_o the_o stem_n be_v broad_a viz._n 3_o ½_n from_o the_o right_a hand_n line_n of_o the_o stem_n of_o d._n this_o tail_n be_v a_o straight_a line_n proceed_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o left_a hand_n line_n of_o the_o stem_n who_o end_n be_v raise_v two_o part_n above_o the_o foot-line_n the_o line_n of_o the_o tail_n that_o proceed_v from_o the_o right_a hand_n line_n of_o the_o stem_n be_v a_o straight_a line_n parallel_n to_o the_o foot-line_n e_o topping_n and_o foot_v be_v 5_o erect_v the_o stem_n 5_o more_o both_o make_v as_o letter_n b._n the_o top-stroke_n be_v from_o the_o right_a hand_n line_n of_o the_o stem_n half_a the_o length_n of_o the_o stem_n viz._n 15_o the_o middle_a stroke_n be_v ⅓_n of_o the_o length_n of_o the_o stem_n viz._n 10._o the_o bottom-stroke_n be_v 1_o 3_o viz._n 18_o part_n the_o breadth_n of_o the_o head_n and_o foot-stroke_n be_v thus_o make_v set_v off_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o stem_n viz._n 5_o from_o the_o end_n of_o each_o stroke_n towards_o the_o left_a hand_n in_o the_o parallel_n of_o each_o stroke_n and_o in_o the_o erect_a line_n of_o these_o setting_n off_o set_v off_o 1_o ½_n between_o the_o topping_n and_o foot_v and_o draw_v a_o straight_a line_n from_o the_o low_a point_n of_o the_o arch_n of_o topping_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o stem_n and_o from_o the_o upper_a point_n of_o the_o arch_n of_o topping_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o stem_n to_o the_o 1_o ½_n set_v off_o as_o aforesaid_a then_o at_o the_o right_a hand_n end_v of_o these_o line_n set_v off_o by_o occult_a arch_n 5_o in_o their_o respective_a erect_v and_o set_v off_o 5_o in_o the_o erect_v of_o the_o perpendicular_a end_n of_o the_o top_n and_o foot-stroke_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n successive_o at_o these_o 5_o with_o the_o other_o foot_n describe_v occult_a arch_n to_o cut_v the_o former_a occult_a arch_n and_o the_o point_n where_o these_o occult_a arch_n cut_v each_o other_o as_o in_o fig._n 1_o 2._o shall_v be_v a_o centre_n whereon_o you_o may_v describe_v arch_n for_o the_o butting_n of_o the_o top_n and_o bottom-stroke_n of_o e._n for_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o middle_a stroke_n set_v off_o half_a a_o part_n upward_o and_o half_a a_o part_n downward_o from_o the_o middle_a parallel_n at_o the_o right_a hand_n line_n of_o the_o stem_n and_o from_o thence_o draw_v parallel_v line_n 5_o part_n long_o then_o set_v off_o 5_o upward_o and_o 5_o downward_o from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o middle_a stroke_n from_o these_o two_o 5_o and_o the_o end_n of_o the_o parallel_n of_o thickness_n describe_v occult_a arch_n of_o circle_n to_o intersect_v each_o other_o and_o the_o intersection_n as_o fig._n 3_o 4._o shall_v be_v the_o centre_n whereon_o the_o compass_n set_v to_o 5_o the_o arch_n of_o butt_a shall_v be_v draw_v e_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o 9_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 21_o erect_v 9_o describe_v with_o the_o other_o the_o outer_a arch_n then_o in_o the_o parallel_n of_o 9_o set_v off_o 3_o ½_n for_o the_o fat_a stroke_n set_a your_o compass_n to_o 8_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o this_o 3_o ½_n and_o pitch_v the_o other_o foot_n where_o it_o will_v leight_n in_o the_o parallel_n of_o 21_o ½_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n as_o at_o fig._n 2._o on_o this_o point_n describe_v the_o inner_a arch_n of_o e_o then_o in_o the_o parallel_n of_o 23_o draw_v a_o line_n for_o the_o eye_n from_o the_o inside_n of_o e_o to_o the_o outside_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n but_o the_o fatness_n of_o the_o eye_n must_v be_v half_a a_o part_n at_o the_o right_a hand_n side_n of_o e_o therefore_o in_o 23_o ½_n from_o the_o outward_a right_a hand_n arch_n draw_v a_o line_n to_o the_o point_n where_o the_o former_a line_n touch_v the_o inside_n of_o e._n then_o measure_v the_o fatness_n of_o the_o left_a hand_n arch_n of_o e_o in_o the_o parallel_n of_o 24_o and_o set_v off_o that_o fatness_n from_o the_o right_a hand_n arch_n of_o e_o inward_o and_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o 8_o place_z one_o foot_n in_o the_o measure_n of_o fatness_n so_o set_v off_o and_o pitch_v the_o other_o foot_n where_o it_o will_v fall_v in_o the_o parallel_n of_o 21_o ¼_n towards_o the_o left_a hand_n on_o this_o point_n describe_v the_o inner_a arch_n of_o the_o right_a side_n of_o e._n the_o angle_n of_o the_o intersection_n of_o these_o arch_n make_v you_o must_v smoothen_fw-ge by_o hand_n f_o be_v make_v like_o e_o only_o instead_o of_o the_o foot-stroke_n here_o be_v only_o a_o foot_n make_v as_o have_v be_v teach_v in_o a_o b_o d._n f_o the_o stem_n be_v 3_o ½_n and_o run_v on_o the_o left_a hand_n straight_o upward_o to_o
parallel_v 36_o and_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n it_o run_v straight_o upward_o to_o parallel_v 40._o set_a your_o compass_n to_o 7_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 35_o erect_v 10_o as_o at_o fig._n 1_o with_o the_o other_o foot_n describe_v a_o arch_n for_o the_o top_n of_o f._n the_o top_n of_o f_o must_v be_v half_a a_o part_n thick_a therefore_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o 4_o ½_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 37_o erect_v 11_o ½_n as_o at_o fig._n 2._o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o under_o arch_n of_o the_o head_n of_o f_o then_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o 1_o ¾_n viz._n the_o thickness_n of_o half_a a_o stem_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 38_o erect_v 14_o as_o at_o fig._n 3_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o arch_n for_o the_o dotario_n of_o f._n the_o stroke_n be_v half_a a_o part_n thick_a the_o upper_a line_n of_o it_o lie_v in_o the_o head-line_n viz._n parallel_n 30._o it_o project_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n half_o a_o stem_n viz._n 1_o ¾_n and_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n a_o whole_a stem_n viz._n 3_o ½_n the_o foot_n be_v make_v by_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o 9_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 21_o erect_v 0_o and_o in_o parallel_n 21_o erect_v 10_o ½_n with_o the_o other_o foot_n describe_v the_o arch_n of_o foot_v the_o break_v his_o and_o want_v in_o the_o arch_n you_o must_v work_v in_o by_o hand_n g_o be_v make_v like_o c_o till_o you_o come_v to_o the_o short_a stem_n who_o right_a hand_n line_n lie_v in_o the_o erect_a butt_v and_o its_o left_a hand_n line_n be_v make_v by_o set_v off_o 5_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o foot_n of_o g_o be_v wrought_v in_o by_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o 18_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 15_o in_o the_o erect_a of_o butt_v with_o the_o other_o describe_v a_o occult_a arch_n towards_o your_o left_a hand_n upward_o in_o g_z then_o remove_v one_o point_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o the_o same_o parallel_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n where_o that_o parallel_n cut_v the_o inner_a circle_n of_o g_o and_o with_o the_o other_o point_n describe_v a_o occult_a arch_n to_o cut_v the_o former_a as_o at_o fig._n 3_o and_o that_o point_n of_o intersection_n shall_v be_v the_o centre_n whereon_o you_o may_v describe_v a_o arch_a to_o work_v in_o the_o inner_a circle_n of_o the_o foot_n of_o g._n to_o work_v in_o the_o outer_a circle_n place_n one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n again_o in_o the_o parallel_n of_o 15_o in_o the_o erect_a of_o butt_v and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v a_o occult_a arch_n as_o before_o then_o remove_v one_o point_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o the_o same_o parallel_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n where_o that_o parallel_n cut_v the_o outer_a circle_n of_o g_o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v a_o occult_a arch_n to_o cut_v the_o former_a as_o at_o 4_o and_o that_o point_n of_o intersection_n shall_v be_v the_o centre_n whereon_o you_o may_v describe_v a_o arch_a to_o work_v in_o the_o outer_a circle_n of_o the_o foot_n of_o g._n the_o topping_n of_o the_o short_a stem_n lie_v in_o parallel_n 22_o ½_n 5_o be_v set_v off_o from_o both_o side_n the_o stem_n as_o have_v be_v teach_v in_o b_o d_o etc._n etc._n g_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o twice_o the_o stem_n viz._n 7_o part_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 23_o erect_v 8_o as_o at_o fig._n 1_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v a_o circle_n for_o the_o outer_a bound_n of_o the_o head_n remove_v your_o compass_n in_o the_o same_o parallel_n to_o 3_o ½_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_z 3_o ½_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n this_o centre_n as_o at_o fig._n 2_o 3._o and_o describe_v the_o arch_n for_o the_o inner_a bound_n of_o the_o head_n set_v your_o compass_n to_o 4_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 14_o ½_n erect_v 6_o ¼_n as_o at_o fig._n 4._o describe_v the_o outer_a arch_n between_o the_o head_n and_o belly_n of_o g_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o 1_o ¾_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o the_o point_n where_o this_o arch_n touch_v the_o head_n turn_v the_o other_o foot_n into_o parallel_n 16_o as_o at_o fig._n 5._o and_o on_o that_o point_n as_o on_o a_o centre_n describe_v the_o inner_a arch_n between_o head_n and_o belly_n of_o g._n then_o from_o parallel_n 14_o ¼_n erect_v 5_o and_o parallel_v 13_o erect_v 14_o draw_v a_o straight_a line_n and_o from_o parallel_n 11_o erect_v 3_o and_o parallel_v 10_o erect_v 14_o draw_v another_o straight_a line_n which_o two_o straight_a line_n shall_v be_v the_o waste_n of_o g._n then_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o 7_o ½_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 7_o ¾_n erect_v 10_o ½_n as_o at_o fig._n 6._o describe_v the_o right_a hand_n outer_a arch_n of_o the_o belly_n set_a your_o compass_n to_o 5_o ¼_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 6_o ¼_n erect_v 11_o as_o at_o fig._n 7._o describe_v the_o right_a hand_n inner_a arch_n of_o the_o belly_n set_v your_o compass_n to_o 7_o and_o in_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 7_o ¾_n erect_v 10_o ½_n as_o at_o fig._n 6._o describe_v part_n of_o the_o left_a hand_n inner_a arch_n of_o the_o belly_n of_o g._n set_v your_o compass_n to_o 8_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 8_o erect_v 8_o as_o at_o fig._n 8._o describe_v another_o outer_a arch_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n side_n of_o the_o belly_n set_v your_o compass_n to_o 6_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 5._o erect_v 6_o as_o at_o 9_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o outer_a arch_n under_o the_o waste_n of_o g_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n remove_v your_o compass_n to_o parallel_v 24_o ¼_n erect_v 18_o ½_n as_o at_o fig._n 10._o and_o describe_v a_o arch_n for_o the_o upper_a bound_n of_o the_o nose_n of_o g._n remove_v your_o compass_n to_o parallel_v 22_o ¾_n erect_v 16_o ½_n as_o at_o fig._n 11._o and_o describe_v the_o under_o arch_n of_o the_o nose_n set_a your_o compass_n to_o half_a the_o stem_n viz._n 1_o ¾_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 27_o ½_n erect_v 16_o as_o at_o fig._n 12._o describe_v the_o small_a arch_n for_o a_o dotario_n on_o the_o nose_n the_o intersection_n and_o break_v his_o of_o the_o several_a arch_n you_o must_v work_v in_o by_o hand_n as_o you_o may_v see_v by_o the_o letter_n itself_o h_o have_v two_o upright_a stem_n with_o top_n and_o footing_n which_o be_v make_v like_o the_o stem_n of_o other_o capital_n these_o two_o stem_n must_v stand_v the_o breadth_n of_o four_o stem_n asunder_o viz._n 20_o part_n they_o be_v join_v just_a in_o the_o middle_n between_o head_n and_o foot_n with_o a_o straight_a parallel_n line_n half_o a_o part_n broad_a h_o the_o stem_n of_o h_z be_v make_v like_o the_o stem_n of_o b_o only_o it_o have_v foot_v on_o both_o side_n the_o foot_n have_v the_o breadth_n of_o the_o stem_n on_o either_o hand_n viz._n 3_o 1_o â—_o part_n and_o be_v make_v like_o the_o foot_n of_o capital_n the_o width_n between_o the_o inside_n the_o two_o stem_n be_v 2_o ½_n stem_n viz._n 8_o ¾_n part_n to_o make_v the_o arch_n that_o join_v these_o two_o stem_n together_o divide_v the_o distance_n between_o the_o inner_a stroke_n of_o the_o left_a hand_n stem_n and_o the_o outer_a stroke_n of_o the_o right_a hand_n stem_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n and_o set_v off_o that_o distance_n in_o the_o erect_a in_o the_o middle_n between_o they_o from_o the_o head-line_n viz._n parallel_n 30_o downward_o and_o place_v one_o point_n of_o your_o compass_n there_o viz._n at_o 1_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v a_o arch_a to_o reach_v from_o the_o left_a hand_n stem_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n stem_n then_o divide_v the_o distance_n between_o the_o two_o inner_a side_n of_o the_o stem_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o the_o middle_n between_o the_o two_o stem_n and_o in_o the_o same_o parallel_n the_o former_a arch_n be_v strike_v as_o at_o 2._o with_o the_o other_o foot_n describe_v the_o under_o arch_n of_o h._n the_o right_a hand_n side_n of_o the_o stem_n of_o h_z and_o its_o foot_n be_v make_v as_o before_o i_o set_v off_o 3_o stem_n in_o the_o foot-line_n in_o parallel_n 12_o one_o for_o the_o left_a hand_n foot_v another_o for_o the_o stem_n another_o for_o the_o right_a hand_n foot_v do_v the_o like_a in_o the_o top-line_n and_o between_o the_o topping_n and_o foot_v draw_v the_o stem_n i_o the_o stem_n of_o i_o be_v make_v like_o the_o stem_n of_o h_z but_o be_v not_o so_o long_o for_o it_o stand_v between_o parallel_n 12_o and_o 30._o the_o tittle_n stand_v
right_a over_o the_o stem_n half_o a_o stem_n low_a than_o the_o top-line_n and_o its_o diameter_n be_v one_o stem_n viz_o 3_o ½_n part_n i_o the_o stem_n and_o topping_n of_o this_o i_o be_v make_v like_o i_o but_o halfway_n between_o the_o foot_n and_o bottom-line_n the_o right_a hand_n stroke_n begin_v to_o fall_v away_o into_o a_o arch_n of_o a_o circle_n which_o we_o call_v a_o tail_n in_o letter_n who_o semidiameter_n be_v two_o stem_n therefore_o your_o compass_n be_v set_v to_o two_o stem_n viz._n 10._o place_n one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 10_o in_o the_o erect_a of_o the_o topping_n which_o be_v two_o stem_n from_o the_o right_a hand_n stroke_n of_o i_o as_o at_o 1_o and_o with_o the_o other_o foot_n describe_v a_o arch_n for_o the_o bottom_n of_o j._n then_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o one_o stem_n viz._n 5_o and_o in_o parallel_n 5_o ½_n and_o the_o same_o erect_v as_o at_o 2._o describe_v another_o arch_n for_o the_o inner_a arch_n of_o the_o bottom_n of_o i_o then_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o 2_o ½_n viz._n half_a a_o stem_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o parallel_n 3_o erect_v 2_o ½_n as_o at_o 3_o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o dotario_n of_o j._n j_o the_o stem_n and_o tittle_n of_o this_o j_o be_v make_v like_o i._o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o low_a arch_n of_o its_o tail_n be_v two_o of_o its_o stem_n viz._n 7._o who_o centre_n lie_v two_o stem_n from_o the_o bottom-line_n viz._n in_o parallel_n 7_o in_o the_o erect_a of_o its_o beak_n as_o at_o 1._o the_o semidiameter_n of_o its_o inner_a arch_n be_v one_o stem_n viz._n 3_o ½_n and_o its_o centre_n lie_v in_o 3_o ¾_n in_o the_o same_o erect_a as_o at_o 2._o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o dotario_n be_v one_o stem_n and_o its_o centre_n lie_v in_o parallel_n 2_o ¼_n erect_v 1_o 3_o 4._o k_o the_o stem_n of_o k_o be_v make_v like_o i._o it_o branch_n upward_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o stem_n into_o parallel_n 42_o viz._n the_o top-line_n the_o outside_n of_o the_o top_n of_o its_o branch_n be_v distant_a in_o the_o top-line_n from_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stem_n 15_o erect_v viz._n 3_o stem_n and_o the_o inside_n the_o branch_n be_v 14_o erect_v from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stem_n so_o that_o a_o straight_a ruler_n lay_v to_o these_o two_o point_n successive_o and_o to_o the_o middle_a length_n of_o the_o stem_n describe_v this_o upper_a branch_n the_o low_a branch_n be_v as_o broad_a as_o the_o stem_n viz._n 5_o part_n and_o have_v its_o inner_a foot_n one_o stem_n viz._n 5_o part_n distant_a from_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o stem_n therefore_o set_v your_o compass_n to_o 5_o and_o place_v one_o foot_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o inside_n the_o stem_n with_o the_o other_o foot_n describe_v a_o occult_a arch_n as_o at_o 1._o then_o remove_v your_o compass_n to_o the_o point_n in_o the_o foot-line_n where_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o low_a branch_n cut_v it_o and_o describe_v another_o occult_a arch_n as_o at_o 2._o then_o lay_v a_o straight_a ruler_n to_o the_o convex_a point_n of_o these_o two_o arch_n from_o the_o upper_a branch_n to_o the_o foot-line_n then_o set_v off_o on_o either_o side_n these_o two_o branch_n 5_o for_o the_o topping_n and_o foot_v and_o in_o the_o erect_v of_o these_o several_a setting_n off_o describe_v the_o topping_n and_o foot_v k_o the_o stem_n of_o k_n be_v make_v like_o the_o stem_n of_o h_z its_o upper_a branch_n proceed_v from_o the_o right_a hand_n line_n of_o the_o stem_n in_o parallel_n 21_o which_o be_v equal_o between_o the_o head_n and_o foot-line_n the_o outside_n the_o head_n of_o the_o branch_n be_v distant_a in_o the_o head-line_n 8_o ¾_n from_o the_o stem_n viz._n two_o stem_n and_o a_o half_a and_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o head_n of_o the_o branch_n be_v distant_a 8_o from_o the_o stem_n in_o the_o head-line_n so_o that_o a_o straight_a ruler_n lay_v successive_o to_o these_o two_o distance_n and_o to_o the_o point_n in_o the_o stem_n from_o whence_o this_o branch_n proceed_v give_v the_o upper_a branch_n the_o inside_n the_o low_a branch_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o stem_n 8_o ¾_n in_o the_o foot-line_n and_o the_o outside_n the_o low_a branch_n be_v distant_a 12_o ¼_n from_o the_o stem_n in_o the_o foot-line_n therefore_o draw_v a_o straight_a line_n from_o the_o point_n where_o the_o upper_a branch_n join_v to_o the_o stem_n 8_o ¾_n in_o the_o foot-line_n and_o that_o shall_v be_v the_o inside_n low_a branch_n draw_v another_o straight_a line_n parallel_n to_o this_o straight_a line_n at_o 3_o ½_n distance_n as_o the_o occult_a arch_n 1_o 2._o show_v and_o that_o shall_v be_v the_o outer_a bound_n of_o the_o low_a branch_n the_o head_v and_o footing_n be_v make_v as_o k_o aforesaid_a only_o instead_o of_o 5_o erect_v from_o the_o in_o and_o outside_n the_o branch_n you_o must_v now_o make_v but_o 3_o â—â—â—_o 2._o l_o be_v make_v like_o the_o stem_n and_o foot-stroke_n of_o e._n l_o be_v make_v like_o the_o stem_n of_o h._n m_o the_o left_a 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part_n of_o the_o erect_a line_n or_o the_o parallel_n line_n some_o consideration_n to_o be_v have_v in_o the_o order_n of_o inscription_n etc._n etc._n if_o your_o inscription_n be_v very_o short_a and_o you_o have_v more_o room_n to_o draw_v it_o in_o than_o you_o need_v you_o be_v best_o make_v your_o letter_n in_o roman_a or_o italic_a capital_n because_o you_o may_v allow_v to_o leave_v two_o space_n between_o every_o letter_n in_o the_o same_o word_n but_o than_o you_o must_v remember_v to_o leave_v four_o space_n at_o least_o between_o each_o word_n for_o else_o there_o will_v not_o be_v distinction_n enough_o between_o word_n and_o word_n proportionable_a to_o the_o distinction_n between_o letter_n and_o letter_n and_o you_o may_v allow_v 12_o part_n void_a between_o line_n and_o line_n beside_o the_o 12_o part_n that_o be_v in_o all_o capital_a letter_n except_o q_o and_o i_o void_a between_o the_o foot_n and_o bottom-line_n but_o if_o you_o have_v not_o too_o much_o room_n 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