far_o plutarch_n the_o soldier_n care_v therefore_o aught_o to_o be_v first_o for_o sureness_n then_o for_o fitness_n last_o sore_a comeliness_n and_o ornament_n in_o arm_n if_o the_o two_o first_o fail_v the_o last_o avail_v little_a and_o will_v prove_v rather_o a_o burden_n than_o a_o defence_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o arm_n in_o general_a now_o follow_v the_o particular_n of_o arm_n as_o they_o be_v in_o aelian_n 1_o preparation_n absolute_o necessary_a for_o war_n the_o preparation_n whereof_o aelian_n speak_v be_v so_o necessary_a that_o without_o they_o no_o war_n can_v be_v make_v or_o continue_a for_o purpose_v to_o fight_v by_o water_n you_o must_v have_v ship_n by_o land_n you_o must_v have_v foot_n and_o horse_n for_o which_o if_o you_o provide_v no_o arm_n you_o put_v they_o into_o the_o field_n not_o to_o fight_v but_o to_o be_v slaughter_v the_o manner_n of_o fight_n in_o the_o field_n be_v not_o of_o one_o sort_n some_o time_n celerity_n be_v needful_a to_o attempt_v or_o prevent_v the_o enemy_n sometime_o a_o slow_a and_o sure_a proceed_n lest_o with_o to_o much_o haste_n we_o be_v overtake_v ourselves_o therefore_o the_o divers_a arm_n of_o soldier_n aught_o to_o be_v such_o that_o they_o may_v serve_v for_o all_o occasion_n and_o use_n and_o that_o we_o may_v employ_v always_o to_o service_n such_o as_o by_o reasâ—_n of_o their_o armour_n shall_v most_o fit_v our_o purpose_n wherefore_o 19â—_n iphicrates_n fit_o resembleâ—_n a_o army_n to_o a_o man_n body_n call_v the_o heavy-armed_n the_o body_n the_o lightarmed_n the_o hand_n the_o horse_n the_o foot_n and_o the_o general_n the_o head_n and_o as_o if_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n be_v want_v the_o army_n shall_v be_v lame_a and_o halt_v so_o if_o there_o want_v a_o general_n it_o be_v unprofitable_a and_o of_o no_o use_n the_o heavy_a arm_a be_v the_o body_n which_o give_v life_n and_o food_n as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o rest_n and_o to_o which_o the_o rest_n be_v distress_v retire_v the_o lightarmed_n be_v the_o hand_n which_o upon_o every_o occasion_n be_v put_v out_o to_o gripe_n and_o â—ake_v hold_v upon_o the_o enemy_n be_v draw_v in_o again_o when_o it_o be_v expedient_a the_o horse_n aâ—_n foot_n move_v with_o celerity_n the_o general_n be_v the_o head_n that_o rule_v that_o watch_v that_o care_v foâ—_n thâ—_n rest_n direct_v the_o time_n of_o their_o motion_n and_o of_o their_o rest_n so_o then_o the_o whole_a force_n of_o the_o field_n consist_v of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o the_o foot_n be_v repart_v into_o three_o kind_n 1_o arm_v targeteer_n and_o lightarmed_n these_o several_a kind_n of_o soldier_n be_v use_v by_o all_o the_o grecian_n especial_o by_o the_o c._n athenian_n lacedaemonian_n and_o theban_n who_o be_v the_o mighty_a and_o tâ—e_v most_o warlike_a people_n of_o greece_n alexander_n have_v they_o in_o his_o army_n against_o darius_n â—_o when_o alexander_n say_v arrian_n come_v to_o the_o place_n where_o cyrus_n with_o who_o xenophon_n be_v encamp_v and_o see_v the_o straits_n of_o cilicia_n possess_v with_o a_o strong_a guard_n he_o leave_v parmenio_n with_o the_o heavy-armed_n to_o stay_v behind_o himself_o about_o the_o first_o watch_n take_v with_o he_o the_o hypaspistes_n archier_n and_o agrian_o march_v on_o towards_o the_o straits_n in_o the_o night_n the_o arm_a be_v leave_v with_o parmenion_n himself_o take_v with_o he_o the_o hypaspist_n targeteer_n archer_n and_o agrian_o e._n these_o agrian_o be_v darter_n on_o foot_n the_o like_a be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o divers_a other_o place_n of_o arrian_n pyrrâ—o_n pyrrhus_n also_o that_o follow_v the_o macedonian_a manner_n in_o arm_v his_o soldier_n have_v the_o same_o division_n of_o arm_n 3â—â—_n and_o philip_n king_n of_o macedony_n son_n of_o demetrius_n d._n and_o antiochus_n that_o war_v against_o the_o roman_n 2_o the_o arm_a bear_v the_o heavy_a furniture_n this_o heavy_a furniture_n appear_v not_o by_o description_n of_o the_o arm_n which_o aelian_n give_v they_o which_o be_v a_o macedonian_a target_n and_o a_o pike_n only_o iphicrat_fw-mi iphicrates_n beside_o the_o target_n less_o than_o the_o macedonian_a target_n which_o he_o arm_v his_o targetier_n withal_o give_v he_o both_o a_o pike_n &_o a_o linen_n â—urace_n so_o that_o if_o the_o macedonian_a arm_v bore_n noâ—_n more_o than_o a_o target_n and_o a_o pike_n his_o arm_n shall_v be_v light_a than_o iphicrates_n his_o targetier_n who_o have_v a_o target_n a_o pike_n &_o a_o linen_n cuirass_n it_o have_v be_v the_o manner_n of_o some_o nation_n to_o bear_v target_n alone_o without_o cuirass_n so_o do_v the_o egyptian_n in_o 1st_a xenophon_n so_o the_o gaul_n in_o 648_o pausanias_n there_o be_v again_o that_o have_v bear_v cuirass_n without_o target_n as_o phorcys_n the_o phrygian_a in_o homer_n of_o which_o kind_n of_o cuirass_n because_o it_o some_o what_o resemble_v the_o cuirass_n of_o our_o time_n i_o will_v rehearse_v the_o description_n out_o of_o 660_o pausanias_n there_o lay_v upon_o the_o altar_n say_v he_o a_o brazen_a cuirass_n the_o form_n whereof_o agree_v not_o with_o the_o use_n of_o our_o time_n but_o of_o old_a it_o be_v common_a it_o have_v two_o plate_n of_o brass_n one_o fit_n for_o the_o breast_n and_o the_o belly_n the_o other_o to_o cover_v the_o back_n that_o before_o be_v call_v gyalon_n the_o hollow_a part_n that_o behind_o prosegon_n because_o it_o be_v add_v to_o the_o other_o they_o be_v fasten_v together_o with_o button_n behind_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o sufficient_a defence_n for_o a_o man_n body_n without_o a_o target_n therefore_o homer_n make_v phorcys_n the_o phrygian_a to_o fight_v without_o a_o target_n because_o he_o wear_v such_o a_o cuirass_n but_o yet_o that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o manner_n of_o gyaâ—othorax_n the_o macedonian_a arm_v to_o bear_v pike_n &_o target_n alone_o may_v be_v plain_a many_o way_n first_o 10_o polyen_n give_v they_o head-piece_n &_o greve_n and_o target_n and_o pike_n then_o doubt_v i_o not_o but_o they_o be_v as_o well_o arm_v as_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o grecian_n within_o who_o panoplia_fw-la cuirass_n be_v comprehend_v as_o 14_o s._n paul_n testify_v reckon_n as_o parcel_n of_o the_o panoplia_fw-la a_o cuirass_n a_o target_n &_o a_o head-piece_n now_o that_o the_o macedonian_n have_v also_o their_o panoplia_fw-la full_a or_o complete_a arm_a be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o 615_o diod._n siculus_n where_o also_o choragus_n the_o macedonian_a who_o q_n curtius_n call_v horata_n be_v say_v in_o the_o fight_n betwixt_o he_o &_o dioxippus_n to_o be_v full_o arm_v 37_o leo_n describe_v the_o panoplia_fw-la of_o the_o macedonian_n after_o this_o manner_n alexander_n say_v he_o arm_v his_o macedonian_n with_o a_o large_a target_n a_o sword_n a_o head_n piece_n greve_n vambrace_n and_o a_o long_a pike_n philopaeman_n as_o be_v before_o rehearse_v reduce_v his_o achaean_n to_o the_o macedonian_a arm_v bring_v they_o to_o cuirass_n head_n piece_n &_o greve_n the_o name_n also_o that_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o arm_a show_v they_o be_v otherwise_o arm_v timol._n plutarch_n call_v they_o pephragmenos_n &_o cataphractos_fw-la as_o have_v their_o body_n all_o arm_a &_o opposâ—th_v they_o to_o euzoni_n light_n or_o naked_a and_o by_o 20_o vegetius_n the_o armour_n itself_o be_v name_v cataphracta_fw-la because_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v cover_v there_o with_o c_o xenophon_n term_v they_o thorâ—cophoros_n bear_v cuirass_n these_o be_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o a_o 20_o strong_a wall_n or_o rather_o a_o fortress_n of_o the_o field_n to_o who_o the_o lightarmed_n and_o 18_o the_o horse_n also_o retire_v in_o time_n of_o need_n as_o long_o as_o they_o stand_v the_o field_n be_v not_o lose_v be_v defeat_v the_o rest_n can_v make_v no_o resistance_n be_v arm_v with_o a_o single_a target_n without_o other_o arm_n they_o incur_v the_o same_o danger_n that_o the_o roman_n in_o gratian'ss_n time_n do_v who_o for_o want_n of_o cuirass_n be_v entire_o destroy_v with_o the_o arrow_n of_o the_o goth_n wherefore_o it_o seem_v alien_a here_o point_v at_o the_o principal_a arm_n only_o of_o the_o arm_a macedonian_a for_o after_o ward_n discourse_v of_o the_o lightarmed_n he_o say_v they_o neither_o have_v cuirass_n nor_o greve_v nor_o long_o or_o round_a target_n implieng_v thereby_o that_o the_o arm_a have_v they_o all_o so_o c_o livy_n compare_v the_o arm_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o macedonian_n together_o say_v no_o more_o then_o that_o the_o macedonian_n be_v arm_v with_o a_o round_a target_n and_o a_o pike_n the_o roman_n with_o a_o long_a target_n and_o a_o dart_n call_v pilum_fw-la when_o himself_o have_v c_o before_o declare_v they_o have_v headpiece_n cuirass_n and_o greve_n 3_o use_v target_n after_o the_o macedonian_a manner_n target_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n round_a target_n and_o long_a target_n long_o target_n
rain_n snow_n fog_n or_o when_o the_o enemy_n have_v gain_v the_o wind_n they_o have_v small_a use_n add_v that_o but_o one_o rank_n that_o be_v the_o first_o can_v give_v upon_o the_o enemy_n at_o once_o for_o the_o rest_n behind_o discharge_v shall_v either_o wound_v their_o own_o companion_n before_o or_o else_o shoot_v at_o random_n and_o so_o nothing_o endanger_v the_o enemy_n the_o force_n of_o a_o musket_n be_v only_o available_a at_o point_n blank_a contrary_a wise_a the_o disadvantage_n of_o arrow_n be_v in_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o stroke_n which_o be_v not_o able_a to_o enter_v a_o cuirass_n that_o the_o foot_n or_o horse_n now_o use_v yet_o can_v no_o weather_n be_v find_v where_o in_o you_o may_v not_o have_v good_a use_n of_o bow_n rain_n snow_n wind_n hail_n fog_n hinder_v little_a especial_o the_o string_n of_o the_o bow_n be_v not_o to_o wet_v may_v rather_o profit_v because_o in_o they_o you_o can_v hardly_o discern_v much_o less_o avoid_v the_o fall_n of_o the_o arrow_n as_o for_o quickness_n in_o delivery_n the_o bow_n far_o excel_v the_o musket_n a_o good_a single_a archer_n be_v able_a to_o give_v five_o shot_n in_o exchaâ—nge_n for_o one_o of_o the_o musketier_n and_o that_o with_o such_o certainty_n that_o you_o shall_v not_o hear_v of_o a_o archer_n that_o miss_v the_o delivery_n of_o his_o arrow_n where_o the_o musketier_n often_o fail_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o accident_n and_o impedivient_n before_o by_o i_o rehearse_v join_v that_o a_o whole_a squadron_n of_o archer_n be_v embattle_v may_v shoot_v at_o once_o together_o which_o only_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o musketeer_n may_v do_v and_o make_v the_o case_n there_o be_v a_o hundred_o musketter_n and_o a_o hundred_o boweman_n each_o digest_v into_o ten_o fâ—les_n each_o file_n contain_v ten_o man_n the_o bow_n man_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o shoot_v at_o once_o a_o hundred_o arrow_n all_o their_o arrow_n for_o ten_o bullet_n give_v by_o the_o musketeer_n namely_o those_o ten_o of_o the_o first_o rank_n discharge_v alone_o it_o must_v not_o be_v pretermit_v that_o the_o bow_n and_o quiver_n both_o for_o march_v &_o all_o service_n be_v light_a and_o of_o less_o labour_n to_o â—se_v than_o a_o musket_n which_o be_v no_o small_a advantage_n in_o arm_n and_o fight_n to_o conclude_v the_o boweman_n may_v be_v place_v behind_o the_o arm_a foot_n and_o yet_o in_o shoot_v over_o the_o phalange_n annoy_v the_o enemy_n before_o join_v and_o 〈◊〉_d all_o the_o time_n of_o fight_n even_o while_o they_o be_v at_o push_n of_o pike_n where_o the_o musketier_n there_o place_v must_v either_o idle_o look_v on_o or_o else_o playeng_v with_o his_o musket_n most_o of_o all_o endanger_v his_o own_o friend_n neither_o be_v the_o force_n of_o arrow_n so_o weak_a as_o be_v imagine_v no_o not_o in_o the_o arm_n of_o our_o day_n for_o the_o pike_n albeit_o he_o have_v his_o head_n and_o body_n cover_v yet_o be_v his_o leg_n and_o foot_n his_o arm_n and_o hand_n open_a to_o wound_n any_o of_o which_o part_n be_v wound_v bring_v a_o disability_n of_o service_n to_o say_v nothing_o of_o his_o face_n and_o eye_n before_o which_o the_o shower_n of_o arrow_n fall_v like_o a_o tempest_n without_o intermission_n must_v needs_o breed_v a_o remediless_a terror_n and_o make_v he_o think_v rather_o of_o save_v himself_o then_o offend_v his_o enemy_n the_o musketier_n be_v also_o unarm_v be_v as_o subject_a to_o the_o shot_n of_o arrow_n as_o the_o archer_n be_v to_o the_o shot_n of_o the_o musket_n and_o the_o arrow_n touch_v any_o vital_a part_n as_o much_o take_v away_o life_n as_o do_v the_o musket_n last_o a_o horseman_n for_o his_o own_o person_n i_o must_v confess_v be_v safe_a enough_o from_o the_o danger_n of_o arrow_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o armour_n but_o his_o horse_n be_v a_o fair_a and_o large_a mark_n and_o have_v neither_o barb_v nor_o pectorall_a nor_o ought_v else_o to_o hide_v his_o head_n or_o breast_n how_o can_v he_o escape_v wound_n witness_v our_o field_n in_o france_n where_o our_o archer_n always_o beat_v the_o french_a horse_n be_v barb_a and_o better_o arm_v than_o our_o horse_n be_v at_o this_o day_n and_o for_o the_o bloody_a effect_n of_o bow_n the_o story_n of_o plutarch_n be_v worth_a the_o reherse_v he_o in_o the_o life_n of_o crassus_n have_v thus_o 〈◊〉_d the_o parthian_n oppose_v the_o cataphract_n against_o the_o roman_a horse_n the_o other_o persian_n gallop_v here_o and_o there_o dispersedly_z and_o trouble_v the_o face_n of_o the_o field_n break_v up_o from_o the_o bottom_n hill_n of_o sand_n that_o raise_v infinite_a dust_n whereby_o the_o roman_n lose_v their_o sight_n and_o voice_n and_o throng_v together_o &_o thrust_v one_o another_o be_v wound_v and_o die_v not_o a_o simple_a or_o quick_a death_n but_o torment_v with_o convulsion_n and_o pang_n of_o grief_n walllow_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o sand_n to_o break_v the_o arrow_n in_o their_o wound_n or_o else_o endeavour_v to_o pluck_v out_o the_o hook_a head_n which_o have_v pierce_v vein_n and_o sinew_n rent_v a_o fresh_a themselves_o &_o add_v torment_n to_o torment_v so_o that_o many_o die_v in_o this_o manner_n &_o the_o rest_n become_v unprofitable_a and_o when_o publius_n crassus_n desire_v they_o once_o more_o to_o charge_v the_o cataphract_n they_o show_v their_o hand_n nail_v to_o their_o target_n and_o their_o foot_n fasten_v to_o the_o ground_n whereby_o they_o be_v unable_a either_o to_o fly_v or_o fight_v these_o wonder_n do_v the_o parthian_a bow_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v not_o to_o be_v compare_v to_o our_o ancient_a english_a bow_n either_o for_o strength_n or_o far_o shoot_v and_o that_o we_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o rely_v upon_o antiquity_n alone_o 〈◊〉_d the_o battle_n of_o curzolare_fw-la common_o call_v the_o battle_n of_o lepanto_n fight_v in_o our_o day_n betwixt_o the_o turk_n &_o christian_n by_o sea_n may_v serve_v for_o a_o experience_n of_o the_o service_n of_o bow_n and_o arrow_n in_o which_o there_o die_v of_o the_o christian_n by_o the_o arrow_n of_o the_o turk_n above_o sieve_n thousand_o albeit_o they_o be_v in_o galley_n and_o ship_n and_o have_v their_o blind_v pretend_v to_o save_v from_o sight_n and_o mark_v of_o the_o turk_n where_o as_o the_o artillery_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o the_o christian_n consume_v not_o so_o many_o turk_n notwithstanding_o the_o christian_n have_v the_o victory_n now_o then_o for_o we_o to_o leave_v the_o bow_n be_v a_o weapon_n of_o so_o great_a efficacy_n so_o ready_a so_o familiar_a and_o as_o it_o be_v so_o domestical_a to_o our_o nation_n to_o which_o we_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v accustom_v from_o our_o cradle_n because_o other_o nation_n take_v themselves_o to_o the_o musket_n have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o any_o show_n of_o reason_n other_o nation_n may_v well_o for_o bear_v â—at_a they_o never_o have_v neither_o italian_n nor_o spaniard_n nor_o french_a nor_o dutche_n haâ—_n these_o five_o hundred_o year_n be_v account_v archer_n it_o be_v a_o skill_n almost_o appropriate_v to_o our_o nation_n by_o it_o we_o gain_v the_o battle_n of_o cressy_n of_o poitiers_n of_o agincourt_n in_o france_n of_o navarre_n in_o spain_n by_o it_o we_o make_v ourselves_o famous_a over_o christendom_n and_o to_o give_v it_o over_o upon_o a_o conceit_n only_o for_o no_o experience_n can_v say_v that_o our_o bow_n be_v ever_o beat_v out_o of_o the_o field_n by_o the_o musket_n will_v prove_v a_o imitation_n of_o aesop_n dog_n who_o carieng_n a_o piece_n of_o flesh_n in_o his_o mouth_n over_o a_o river_n and_o see_v the_o shadow_n in_o the_o water_n snatch_v at_o the_o shadow_n and_o leave_v the_o flesh_n i_o speak_v not_o this_o to_o a_o base_a the_o service_n of_o musket_n which_o all_o man_n must_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v great_a i_o only_o show_v there_o may_v be_v good_a use_n of_o bow_n if_o our_o archer_n be_v such_o as_o they_o be_v wont_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v dispair_v and_o will_v easy_o come_v with_o exercise_n 8_o dart_n the_o 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who_o will_n read_v of_o iphicrates_n let_v he_o go_v to_o c._n aemilius_n probus_n that_o write_v his_o life_n his_o act_n be_v also_o declare_v by_o xenophon_n and_o diodorus_n siculus_n and_o polyaen_n and_o justin_n and_o divers_a other_o as_o they_o be_v incident_a to_o their_o general_a history_n he_o be_v esteem_v one_o of_o the_o best_a general_n of_o his_o time_n and_o be_v call_v out_o by_o name_n by_o darius_n king_n of_o persia_n to_o be_v general_a of_o the_o grecian_n his_o mercenary_n in_o the_o war_n he_o have_v against_o the_o egyptian_n his_o fame_n and_o estimation_n be_v so_o great_a with_o alexander_n the_o great_a that_o when_o his_o son_n who_o name_n be_v also_o iphicrates_n with_o other_o grecian_n be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o he_o for_o that_o they_o come_v ambassador_n into_o persia_n to_o darius_n he_o not_o only_o spare_v he_o for_o the_o love_n of_o the_o city_n of_o athens_n and_o for_o the_o remembrance_n of_o his_o father_n glory_n c._n the_o word_n of_o arrian_n but_o hold_v he_o about_o he_o in_o honour_n so_o long_o as_o he_o live_v and_o after_o his_o decease_n send_v his_o relic_n to_o athens_n there_o to_o be_v inter_v by_o his_o friend_n and_o kinsfolk_n 9_o posidonius_n the_o stoic_a posidonius_n in_o his_o time_n be_v a_o philosopher_n of_o high_a renown_n and_o of_o the_o sect_n that_o be_v call_v stoic_n tully_n cit_v he_o often_o in_o his_o work_n in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o tusculan_a quaestion_n he_o recount_v 146._o that_o pompey_n the_o great_a on_o a_o time_n come_n to_o rhodes_n be_v desirous_a to_o hear_v he_o but_o understanding_n he_o be_v extreme_a sick_a of_o the_o gout_n he_o forbear_v not_o notwithstanding_o to_o visit_v he_o be_v a_o most_o noble_a philosopher_n who_o after_o he_o have_v see_v and_o salute_v and_o use_v with_o honourable_a word_n and_o tell_v he_o he_o be_v sorry_a he_o can_v not_o hear_v he_o discourse_n you_o may_v if_o you_o please_v quoth_v posidonius_n and_o i_o will_v not_o suffer_v 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and_o manage_v arm_n or_o else_o of_o those_o that_o fight_v not_o but_o remain_v in_o the_o camp_n for_o necessary_a use_n they_o fight_v that_o stand_v order_v in_o battle_n and_o with_o arm_n assail_v or_o repulse_n the_o enemy_n the_o rest_n fight_v not_o as_o physician_n merchant_n servant_n and_o other_o which_o follow_v the_o camp_n to_o minister_v unto_o it_o such_o as_o fight_v be_v either_o footman_n or_o rider_n footman_n proper_o that_o serve_v on_o foot_n of_o rider_n some_o use_v horse_n some_o elephant_n they_o that_o use_v horse_n be_v carry_v â—ither_o one_o horseback_n or_o else_o in_o chariotts_n and_o these_o be_v the_o difference_n in_o general_n but_o in_o special_a the_o foot_n and_o horse_n receive_v many_o other_o division_n only_o the_o elephant_n and_o chariotts_n never_o vary_v footman_n than_o be_v repart_v into_o three_o kind_n one_o be_v arm_v another_o targeteer_n the_o three_o light_n or_o naked_a 2_o the_o arm_a bear_v the_o heavy_a furniture_n of_o all_o footman_n 3_o use_v according_a to_o the_o macedonian_a manner_n large_a round_o targett_v and_o 4_o long_a pike_n 5_o the_o light_n contrariwise_o bear_v the_o light_a have_v neither_o cuirass_n nor_o greve_v nor_o long_o or_o round_a targett_n of_o any_o weight_n but_o 6_o fly_v weapon_n only_o as_o 7_o arrow_n 8_o dart_n 9_o stone_n either_o for_o hand_n or_o sling_z to_o this_o kind_n be_v refer_v the_o 10_o armour_n of_o the_o argilos_n who_o have_v his_o furniture_n like_a to_o the_o macedonian_a but_o something_o light_a for_o he_o carry_v 11_o a_o little_a slight_n torgett_v 12_o and_o his_o pike_n be_v much_o short_a than_o the_o macedonian_a pike_n which_o manner_n of_o arm_v seem_v a_o mean_a betwixt_o the_o light_n or_o naked_a and_o that_o which_o be_v proper_o call_v heavy_a as_o be_v light_a than_o the_o heavy_a and_o heavy_a than_o the_o light_n and_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o many_o place_n it_o among_o the_o light_n the_o force_n of_o horse_n which_o we_o 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&_o arm_n such_o as_o be_v give_v he_o be_v so_o lead_v against_o the_o enemy_n they_o be_v beat_v say_v xenophon_n receive_v horse_n &_o arm_n at_o all_o adventure_n not_o know_v whether_o they_o be_v fit_a for_o service_n or_o not_o whether_o arm_n be_v to_o big_a or_o to_o little_a they_o hurt_v a_o like_a to_o little_a they_o pinch_n the_o bearer_n &_o make_v he_o not_o able_a to_o endure_v labour_n because_o he_o be_v in_o pain_n to_o great_a by_o their_o slap_n and_o loose_v hang_v about_o the_o body_n they_o hinder_v the_o motion_n of_o those_o part_n that_o be_v to_o be_v employ_v in_o fight_n be_v fit_n they_o differ_v little_a from_o ordinary_a apparel_n except_o it_o be_v in_o weight_n which_o inconvenience_n be_v easy_o remedy_v by_o use_n and_o practice_v 2_o tully_n write_v of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n that_o his_o continual_a use_n of_o arm_n be_v such_o that_o he_o no_o more_o reckon_v his_o target_n sword_n head-piece_n &_o other_o arm_n to_o be_v burdenous_a unto_o 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embattle_v for_o their_o target_n say_v he_o be_v great_a than_o be_v fit_n for_o action_n &_o for_o fight_v &_o be_v range_v a_o hundred_o deep_a it_o be_v manifest_a they_o will_v hinder_v one_o another_o in_o fight_n except_o a_o few_o c_o annibal_n after_o his_o first_o victory_n against_o the_o roman_n armed_z his_o african_n his_o best_a &_o most_o trusty_a soldier_n with_o the_o armour_n of_o the_o slay_v roman_n because_o he_o find_v it_o better_o than_o his_o own_o &_o pyrrhus_n use_v not_o only_o the_o armour_n but_o the_o italian_a soldier_n also_o &_o range_v they_o a_o cohort_n &_o a_o merarchy_n alter_v native_o one_o by_o another_o and_o cuâ—o_fw-it mithridates_n after_o his_o experience_n in_o his_o first_o war_n with_o the_o roman_n that_o aswell_o in_o arm_v as_o in_o manner_n of_o fight_n they_o excel_v all_o other_o nation_n leave_v the_o arm_n of_o his_o own_o country_n &_o bring_v in_o the_o roman_a sword_n &_o target_n &_o reduce_v all_o as_o near_o as_o he_o can_v unto_o their_o discipline_n so_o then_o strength_n &_o fitness_n be_v require_v in_o arm_n to_o they_o be_v comeliness_n adjoin_v the_o shield_n of_o achilles_n how_o be_v it_o bewtify_v with_o picture_n &_o story_n by_o vulcan_n and_o that_o of_o aenaeas_n come_v out_o of_o the_o same_o forge_n how_o glorious_a be_v it_o to_o say_v nothing_o of_o the_o brave_a arm_n of_o hector_n agamemnon_n diomedes_z glaucus_n turnus_n mezentius_n &_o other_o alex._n alexander_n arm_n be_v very_o rich_a he_o have_v a_o sicilian_a cassock_n gird_v upon_o a_o double_a linen_n cuirass_n the_o spoil_n of_o issos_n his_o head-piece_n be_v of_o iron_n â—ining_v like_o pure_a silver_n the_o work_n of_o theophilus_n about_o his_o neck_n be_v a_o iron_n gorget_n
be_v call_v thureo_n and_o be_v in_o form_n like_o a_o door_n from_o whence_o they_o have_v their_o name_n for_o thura_fw-la signify_v a_o door_n these_o the_o roman_n and_o gaul_n used_n albeit_o sâ—me_n what_o different_a in_o form_n the_o 12_o round_o have_v eight_o full_a handful_n in_o diameter_n as_o alien_a say_v and_o be_v term_v asâ—ides_v long_a target_n be_v much_o dislike_v by_o the_o grecian_n cyrus_n in_o xenophon_n deride_v they_o as_o both_o hinder_v the_o sight_n &_o be_v unwieldy_a philopoe_n and_o philopoemen_n change_v they_o into_o round_a target_n follow_v the_o macedonian_a manner_n the_o target_n of_o philopoemen_n 4â—4_n pausanias_n term_v argâ—lican_n target_n it_o may_v be_v because_o they_o be_v first_o use_v by_o the_o argive_n in_o the_o battle_n betwixt_o 56_o acrisius_n danae_n father_n and_o praetus_fw-la who_o contend_v about_o the_o kingdom_n of_o argos_n of_o what_o matter_n these_o target_n be_v be_v a_o quaestion_n some_o take_v they_o to_o have_v be_v make_v of_o other_o matter_n &_o cover_v over_o with_o brass_n &_o that_o otherwise_o the_o soldier_n shall_v not_o have_v be_v able_a to_o have_v bear_v they_o for_o the_o weight_n i_o deny_v not_o that_o in_o ancient_a time_n some_o target_n be_v plate_v with_o brass_n the_o rather_o because_o i_o find_v that_o alexander_n to_o match_v the_o indian_a pomp_n cover_v the_o target_n of_o his_o soldier_n with_o plate_n of_o silver_n but_o that_o the_o ordinary_a macedonian_a target_n be_v so_o cover_v i_o deny_v 12_o aelian_n after_o call_v they_o chalce_fw-la brazen_a not_o epichalce_a cover_v with_o brass_n c_o polyb._n say_v that_o the_o macedonian_n in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n philip_n the_o son_n of_o demetrius_n be_v call_v chalcaspide_n brazen_a targeteer_n not_o epichalkitai_o by_o which_o name_n as_o hesychius_n have_v they_o be_v call_v that_o have_v their_o target_n cover_v with_o brass_n so_o likewise_o aemiliâ—_n in_o the_o time_n of_o perseus_n and_o the_o megapolitan_o who_o imitate_v the_o macedonian_a manner_n of_o arm_v be_v term_v chalcaspide_n 4_o in_o polybius_n i_o have_v show_v that_o the_o lacedaemonian_n have_v â—_o brazen_a target_n by_o the_o institution_n of_o lycurgus_n &_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o hero_n almost_o all_o armour_n be_v make_v of_o brass_n 56â—_n the_o target_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n that_o be_v slay_v at_o the_o battle_n of_o leuctra_n be_v brass_n and_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o time_n of_o pausanias_n and_o the_o brazen_a target_n 123_o of_o pyrrhus_n which_o he_o leave_v at_o argos_n be_v there_o slay_v be_v keep_v in_o the_o temple_n of_o câ—es_n as_o for_o the_o weight_n it_o be_v not_o so_o great_a but_o it_o may_v become_v light_a enough_o by_o use_n and_o exercisâ—_n we_o see_v iron_n target_n in_o use_n at_o this_o day_n and_o not_o hard_a to_o be_v bear_v and_o albeit_o the_o weight_n be_v not_o for_o every_o man_n strength_n yet_o since_o it_o have_v be_v and_o be_v the_o manner_n to_o make_v choice_n of_o soldier_n and_o to_o fit_v they_o with_o arm_n according_a to_o the_o ability_n of_o their_o body_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n but_o the_o strong_a sort_n may_v well_o bear_v they_o another_o sort_n of_o target_n there_o be_v which_o differ_v from_o the_o macedonian_a not_o so_o much_o in_o form_n of_o roundness_n as_o in_o matter_n and_o manner_n of_o carieng_n they_o be_v make_v of_o wicker_n and_o bear_v in_o the_o left_a hand_n as_o our_o buckler_n which_o we_o use_v not_o long_o since_o and_o a_o some_o cover_v over_o with_o hide_n some_z not_o b_o xenophon_n say_v that_o cyrus_n the_o elder_a arm_a the_o persian_n with_o these_o wicker_n target_n &_o reko_n ning_v up_o the_o nation_n through_o who_o country_n the_o grecian_n pass_v in_o their_o return_n out_o of_o persia_n &_o describe_v their_o arm_n b_o report_v that_o the_o chalybes_n taochi_n &_o phasian_o have_v target_n of_o this_o kind_n now_o that_o they_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o left_a hand_n be_v clear_a by_o the_o same_o xenoph._n e._n he_o write_v thus_o of_o the_o fight_n betwixt_o cyrus_n &_o croesus_n the_o egyptian_n &_o persian_n encounter_v together_o the_o fight_n be_v hard_a &_o sharp_a &_o the_o egyptian_n aswell_o in_o number_n as_o in_o arm_n have_v the_o advantage_n for_o they_o fight_v with_o stiff_a long_a pike_n &_o their_o large_a target_n better_a cover_v their_o body_n than_o cuirass_n or_o wicker_n target_n and_o be_v bear_v on_o their_o shoulder_n avail_v to_o joint-thrusting_a foreward_n serring_z therefore_o their_o target_n close_o they_o advance_v &_o run_v on_o the_o persian_n be_v not_o able_a to_o endure_v the_o shock_n by_o reason_n they_o bear_v their_o wicker_n target_v at_o the_o arm_n end_n but_o retire_v by_o little_a &_o little_a &_o give_v &_o take_v blow_n they_o maintain_v the_o fight_n till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o engine_n so_o far_o xenophon_n out_o of_o which_o word_n a_o man_n may_v plain_o understand_v the_o manner_n of_o bear_v these_o wicker_n target_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o lightness_n may_v easy_o be_v hold_v out_o at_o arm_n end_v and_o as_o the_o egyptian_a target_n which_o reach_v down_o to_o the_o foot_n must_v needs_o be_v heavy_a and_o therefore_o have_v â—eed_o of_o the_o shoulder_n to_o support_v it_o so_o be_v it_o with_o the_o brazen_a target_n of_o the_o macedonian_n which_o be_v also_o weighty_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o matter_n they_o be_v make_v of_o these_o therefore_o be_v likewise_o carry_v on_o the_o shoulder_n plutarch_n witness_v it_o in_o the_o life_n of_o aemilius_n and_o the_o same_o plutarch_n rehearse_v that_o cleomenes_n the_o king_n of_o sparta_n teach_v his_o lacedaemonian_n in_o steed_n of_o a_o spear_n to_o use_v a_o pike_n with_o hoth_a hand_n and_o to_o bear_v theirâ—_n target_n upon_o the_o strappe_v not_o by_o the_o handle_n the_o word_n be_v obscure_a &_o need_v light_n which_o i_o will_v give_v as_o short_o as_o i_o can_v i_o find_v three_o word_n amongst_o the_o grecian_n all_o perteyn_a to_o 〈◊〉_d a_o target_n they_o be_v those_o telamonius_n ochane_n or_o ochanon_n and_o porpax_v telamonius_n in_o this_o sense_n for_o it_o signify_v otherwise_o a_o band_n be_v by_o all_o confess_v to_o be_v the_o broad_a strappe_v which_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o handle_n of_o the_o target_n &_o hold_v the_o target_n be_v cast_v about_o the_o neck_n unto_o the_o back_n of_o ochane_n &_o porpax_n be_v some_o variance_n ochano_n suidas_n say_v that_o ochanon_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o hold_n of_o the_o target_n ochaâ—o_o hesychius_n call_v it_o the_o porpax_n of_o the_o target_n &_o the_o band_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o porpax_n 〈◊〉_d hesychius_n say_v it_o be_v the_o handle_n of_o the_o target_n &_o take_v porpe_n iâ—_n the_o same_o sense_n make_v it_o the_o thing_n bear_v up_o the_o targett_v into_o which_o the_o hand_n and_o arm_n to_o the_o elbow_n be_v thrust_v porpax_n suidas_n say_v porpax_n be_v it_o that_o they_o hold_v the_o target_n by_o which_o be_v call_v ochane_n &_o again_o that_o some_o take_v it_o for_o the_o band_n of_o the_o target_n other_o some_o for_o the_o middel_n iron_n that_o go_v through_o the_o target_n on_o which_o the_o soldier_n take_v hold_v so_o that_o both_o hesychius_n &_o suidas_n agree_v that_o ochanon_n &_o porpax_n be_v sometime_o alone_o and_o signify_v the_o handle_n of_o the_o target_n in_o which_o sense_n 34_o herodotus_n &_o â—40_n pausanias_n take_v ochanon_n also_o hesychius_n further_o interprete_v it_o for_o the_o band_n of_o the_o target_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signification_n better_a agree_v with_o the_o meaning_n of_o plutarch_n who_o make_v a_o apparent_a difference_n betwixt_o they_o report_v that_o cleomenes_n teach_v the_o lacedaemonian_n to_o carry_v their_o target_n by_o the_o ochane_n not_o by_o the_o porpax_n when_o he_o say_v by_o the_o ochane_n be_v mean_v by_o the_o strappe_v by_o which_o be_v fasten_v about_o the_o neck_n the_o target_n be_v throw_v over_o to_o the_o back_n &_o rest_v upon_o the_o left_a shoulder_n that_o which_o i_o say_v will_v better_o appear_v if_o we_o mark_v what_o the_o lacedaemonian_n do_v before_o &_o what_o cleomenes_n advise_v they_o unto_o before_o they_o carry_v a_o spear_n in_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o a_o target_n by_o the_o handle_n in_o the_o left_a so_o that_o both_o their_o hand_n be_v full_a the_o spear_n be_v not_o able_a to_o match_v the_o enemy_n pike_n for_o cleomeâ—_n cleomenes_n have_v often_o to_o do_v with_o the_o macedonian_n &_o achaean_n who_o both_o use_a pike_n &_o pike_n the_o lacedaemonian_n can_v not_o wield_v with_o one_o hand_n so_o then_o to_o give_v they_o liberty_n of_o both_o hand_n he_o counsel_v they_o to_o carry_v their_o target_n at_o their_o back_n by_o the_o strappe_v
to_o hand_n with_o the_o enemy_n which_o the_o other_o do_v not_o and_o what_o fight_v they_o with_o all_o not_o with_o lance_n for_o than_o shall_v they_o be_v lancier_n of_o who_o we_o have_v speak_v but_o they_o fight_v with_o battleax_n sword_n and_o such_o other_o short_a weapon_n suidas_n affirm_v it_o allege_v by_o 7._o arcerius_fw-la these_o say_v he_o at_o first_o cast_v light_n dart_v a_o far_o of_o and_o afterward_o approach_v join_v with_o the_o enemy_n fight_v with_o battell-ax_n or_o sword_n which_o kind_n they_o call_v light-horseman_n 20_o the_o horseman_n that_o use_n bow_v i_o need_v not_o allege_v any_o thing_n to_o show_v that_o the_o scythian_n be_v good_a archer_n it_o be_v know_v to_o any_o man_n that_o be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o history_n i_o will_v only_o note_v that_o in_o fly_v from_o the_o enemy_n thâ—y_o harm_v as_o much_o as_o in_o fall_v on_o for_o as_o they_o flee_v they_o turn_v half_a their_o body_n backward_o and_o shot_n at_o he_o that_o follow_v 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body_n a_o epitherarchy_n of_o eight_o 4_o ilarcha_n and_o the_o body_n a_o ilarchy_n of_o 16_o 5_o elephantarcha_n and_o the_o body_n a_o elephantarchy_n of_o 32_o 6_o keratarcha_n and_o the_o body_n a_o keratarchy_n that_o which_o consist_v of_o 64_o we_o call_v 7_o a_o phalange_n of_o elephant_n as_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v name_v the_o commander_n of_o both_o the_o wing_n phalangarcha_n note_n the_o use_n of_o elephant_n be_v great_a among_o the_o people_n of_o asia_n and_o africa_n those_o of_o europe_n esteem_v they_o not_o much_o and_o yet_o we_o find_v that_o they_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o field_n by_o the_o roman_n also_o who_o first_o see_v elephant_n in_o italy_n in_o the_o war_n they_o have_v against_o king_n pyrrhus_n â—_o the_o indian_a elephant_n be_v prefer_v before_o the_o african_a for_o greatness_n d._n of_o body_n strength_n and_o courage_n many_o thing_n be_v write_v concern_v the_o service_n of_o elephant_n but_o because_o aelian_n touch_v no_o more_o than_o 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at_o on_o time_n 500_o elephant_n the_o name_n of_o military_a motion_n express_v in_o this_o book_n chap._n xxiv_o thus_o have_v we_o set_v down_o in_o particular_a the_o kind_n of_o perfect_a force_n together_o with_o the_o several_a name_n of_o every_o body_n which_o be_v premise_v it_o seem_v cap_n 25_o 〈…〉_z face_n turn_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o front_n câ—â—s_n or_o one_o turn_v of_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o front_n the_o first_o stand_v the_o front_n fit_a to_o deliver_v the_o word_n of_o exercise_n that_o when_o the_o commander_n shall_v will_v any_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v the_o soldier_n in_o daily_a experience_n acquaint_v before_o with_o the_o signification_n of_o every_o of_o they_o and_o with_o the_o move_n in_o each_o figure_n may_v easy_o perform_v and_o execute_v whatsoever_o be_v command_v there_o be_v a_o motion_n call_v clisis_fw-la whereof_o one_o kind_n be_v to_o the_o pike_n the_o other_o to_o the_o target_n another_o be_v call_v metabole_n another_o epistrophe_n another_o anastrophe_n another_o perispasmus_n another_o ecperispasmus_n beside_o we_o say_v to_o file_v to_o rank_n to_o return_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n to_o countermarch_n to_o double_a likewise_o we_o use_v the_o word_n induction_n and_o deduction_n to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v hand_n a_o broad-phalange_a a_o deepephalange_n and_o uneven-fronted_n phalange_n and_o parembole_n and_o protaxis_fw-la and_o entaxis_fw-la and_o hypotaxis_fw-la and_o epitaxis_fw-la and_o prostaxis_fw-la the_o signification_n of_o which_o word_n i_o will_v short_o deliver_v and_o yet_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o the_o precept_n of_o war_n be_v not_o by_o all_o tactic_n express_v in_o the_o same_o term_n note_n aelian_n in_o the_o chapter_n precedent_n have_v number_v up_o all_o kind_n of_o force_n as_o well_o foot_n as_o horse_n and_o chariot_n and_o elephant_n that_o in_o ancient_a time_n be_v account_v necessary_a for_o war_n and_o have_v give_v they_o their_o armour_n and_o furniture_n and_o distinguish_v they_o into_o military_a body_n and_o imbattail_v they_o and_o teach_v the_o distance_n that_o they_o ought_v to_o hold_v in_o fight_n it_o follow_v now_o that_o he_o speak_v of_o motion_n military_a which_o be_v the_o life_n of_o a_o army_n and_o only_o give_v mean_n of_o victory_n and_o without_o which_o all_o preparation_n of_o force_n be_v vain_a and_o avail_v nothing_o in_o the_o field_n nor_o to_o the_o end_n for_o which_o they_o be_v levy_v this_o chapter_n than_o contain_v the_o name_n of_o those_o motion_n the_o follow_a chapter_n the_o particular_a explication_n of_o they_o to_o which_o we_o will_v note_v what_o we_o find_v in_o ancient_a writer_n for_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n i_o refer_v they_o to_o the_o several_a chapter_n where_o they_o be_v expound_v of_o turn_v and_o double_a turn_v the_o soldier_n face_n as_o they_o stand_v embattle_v chap._n xxv_o 1_o clisis_fw-la or_o turn_n of_o the_o face_n be_v the_o particular_a motion_n of_o every_o soldier_n decline_v his_o face_n either_o to_o his_o pike_n that_o be_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o to_o his_o target_n that_o be_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v when_o the_o enemy_n show_v himself_o in_o flank_n 2_o to_o encompass_v our_o wing_n or_o else_o to_o charge_v we_o or_o for_o some_o other_o cause_n whereof_o i_o will_v speak_v in_o convenient_a place_n 3_o two_o turn_n of_o the_o face_n towards_o the_o same_o side_n transfer_v the_o sight_n of_o the_o soldier_n to_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o this_o kind_n of_o motion_n be_v call_v metabole_n be_v also_o use_v either_o to_o the_o pike_n or_o to_o the_o target_n in_o the_o first_o stand_v the_o move_n of_o the_o soldier_n face_n towards_o the_o pike_n be_v call_v clisis_fw-la the_o second_o move_v the_o same_o way_n
defence_n of_o their_o country_n and_o only_o two_o narrow_a way_n betwixt_o he_o cast_v his_o army_n into_o a_o hollow_a plinthium_fw-la or_o square_a and_o lead_v it_o against_o the_o left_a hand_n passage_n whither_o all_o the_o theban_n flock_v for_o defence_n but_o he_o turn_v about_o face_n from_o the_o rear_n haste_v away_o and_o gain_v the_o other_o passage_n where_o no_o man_n be_v present_a to_o resist_v and_o enter_v spoil_v the_o country_n and_o return_v without_o impeachment_n 4_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o metabole_n before_o be_v rehearse_v two_o kind_n of_o turn_n of_o face_n about_o one_o to_o the_o pike_n the_o other_o to_o the_o target_n here_o be_v add_v two_o more_o one_o from_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o other_o against_o the_o enemy_n which_o be_v all_o one_o indeed_o and_o differ_v only_o in_o name_n what_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o these_o turn_n shall_v be_v i_o be_o in_o doubt_n aelian_n expound_v they_o one_o way_n suidas_n a_o other_o aelian_n esteem_v they_o by_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v hand_n suidas_n albeit_o he_o have_v that_o signification_n also_o esteem_v they_o by_o the_o front_n and_o rear_v therefore_o suidas_n define_v the_o turn_n from_o the_o enemy_n to_o be_v a_o turn_n about_o towards_o the_o rear_n that_o against_o the_o enemy_n a_o turn_n about_o towards_o the_o front_n aelian_n will_v have_v the_o first_o to_o contain_v two_o turn_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o second_o two_o turn_n towards_o the_o left_a i_o for_o my_o part_n assent_v rather_o to_o aelian_n for_o touch_v the_o turn_n of_o suidas_n i_o can_v yet_o understand_v why_o turn_v towards_o the_o rear_n shall_v be_v a_o turn_n from_o the_o enemy_n or_o towards_o the_o front_n a_o turn_n to_o the_o enemy_n consider_v that_o whether_o soever_o you_o turn_v face_n the_o enemy_n be_v imagine_v to_o be_v there_o face_n and_o weapon_n be_v to_o be_v oppose_v always_o against_o the_o enemy_n which_o be_v the_o only_a end_n of_o turn_v aelians_n opinion_n seem_v to_o have_v more_o probability_n in_o it_o at_o least_o if_o i_o conceive_v the_o right_a reason_n for_o i_o take_v it_o thus_o that_o see_v the_o grecian_n as_o the_o roman_n likewise_o be_v targeteer_n and_o carry_v their_o target_n on_o their_o left_a side_n and_o in_o fight_n advance_v that_o side_n always_o near_o the_o enemy_n which_o they_o seek_v to_o cover_v with_o their_o target_n that_o therefore_o the_o turn_n about_o to_o the_o enemy_n be_v call_v turn_v to_o the_o target_n as_o contrary_o turn_v to_o the_o right_a side_n on_o which_o side_n the_o pike_n be_v carry_v and_o which_o be_v naked_a of_o such_o defensive_a arm_n be_v call_v apeâ—un_fw-la the_o open_a side_n and_o therefore_o further_o remove_v from_o the_o enemy_n may_v for_o the_o same_o cause_n be_v term_v turn_v from_o the_o enemy_n so_o that_o i_o take_v turn_v about_o to_o the_o enemy_n and_o turn_v about_o to_o the_o target_n to_o be_v all_o one_o as_o also_o turn_v about_o from_o the_o enemy_n and_o turn_v about_o to_o the_o pike_n howsoever_o the_o name_n differ_v this_o be_v my_o conjecture_n which_o i_o shall_v imagine_v to_o be_v true_a till_o i_o find_v some_o man_n that_o will_v be_v please_v to_o give_v i_o a_o more_o probable_a reason_n i_o only_o add_v now_o the_o word_n of_o command_n in_o this_o motion_n as_o you_o be_v face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n the_o figure_n show_v the_o manner_n of_o wheel_v double_a and_o treble-wheeling_a of_o the_o battle_n and_o return_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n chap._n xxvi_o 1_o epistrophe_n or_o wheel_v be_v when_o the_o battle_n be_v so_o close_v that_o no_o man_n can_v turn_v or_o twice_o turn_v his_o face_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o nearness_n of_o man_n to_o man_n it_o whole_o and_o joint_o wheel_v as_o a_o ship_n or_o some_o other_o body_n carry_v about_o the_o order_n thereof_o remain_v undissolue_v when_o the_o wheel_a be_v to_o the_o pike_n we_o warn_v the_o right-corner-file-leader_n to_o stand_v still_o as_o it_o be_v the_o hook_n of_o a_o door_n hinge_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o battle_n proceed_v forward_o to_o turn_v about_o the_o same_o file-leader_n like_o the_o door_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n be_v wheel_v to_o the_o target_n it_o may_v be_v thus_o define_v epistrophe_n be_v when_o shut_v the_o battle_n by_o gather_v close_o the_o follower_n and_o sideman_n we_o turn_v it_o whole_o as_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n towards_o the_o pike_n or_o target_n it_o be_v carry_v about_o the_o corner-file-leader_n as_o about_o a_o centre_n and_o change_v the_o place_n of_o the_o front_n transfer_v the_o countenance_n of_o the_o soldier_n to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v hand_n the_o follower_n and_o sideman_n every_o one_o remain_v in_o file_n and_o rank_n as_o before_o how_o it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v i_o will_v show_v hereafter_o anastrophe_n or_o return_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n be_v the_o restore_n of_o the_o wheel_a to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o battle_n first_o stand_v close_o before_o it_o begin_v to_o wheel_n perispasmos_n or_o wheel_v about_o be_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o battle_n in_o two_o wheeling_n so_o that_o thereby_o the_o front_n come_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o rear_n 2_o ecperispasmos_n or_o treble_a wheel_a be_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o battle_n in_o three_o wheeling_n so_o as_o when_o it_o turn_v to_o the_o pike_n the_o front_n come_v about_o to_o the_o left_a flank_n when_o to_o the_o target_n it_o come_v about_o to_o the_o right_a flank_n note_n this_o chapter_n have_v a_o diverse_a kind_n of_o turn_v from_o the_o other_o mention_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n which_o for_o distinction_n sake_n be_v call_v epistrophe_n or_o wheel_v the_o other_o turn_v no_o more_o than_o the_o soldier_n face_n every_o man_n yet_o keep_v the_o same_o ground_n be_v have_v before_o this_o wheel_v the_o whole_a body_n and_o change_v the_o place_n of_o the_o phalange_n either_o to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v hand_n or_o to_o the_o rear_n and_o as_o there_o be_v in_o the_o turn_n of_o face_n a_o particular_a motion_n of_o every_o particular_a soldier_n to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v hand_n call_v clesis_n and_o a_o other_o turn_v about_o call_v metabole_n so_o be_v there_o in_o this_o a_o general_a wheel_a of_o the_o whole_a body_n to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v hand_n call_v epistrophe_n and_o a_o other_o wheel_v about_o to_o the_o rear_v call_v perispasmos_n but_o let_v we_o hear_v the_o description_n 1_o epistrophe_n or_o wheel_v be_v when_o the_o battle_n shortly_n epistrophe_n be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o first_o turn_v of_o the_o battle_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n in_o do_v whereof_o first_o the_o file_n must_v be_v close_v to_o the_o hand_n you_o mean_v to_o wheel_n than_o the_o rank_n then_o the_o corner_n file-leader_n on_o the_o same_o hand_n be_v to_o stand_v still_o than_o all_o the_o rest_n keep_v their_o file_n and_o rank_n close_v to_o turn_v to_o the_o same_o hand_n joint_o about_o the_o corner-file-leader_n circlewise_a who_o be_v to_o move_v by_o little_a and_o little_a till_o he_o have_v turn_v his_o face_n to_o that_o side_n which_o be_v intend_v and_o when_o the_o first_o rank_n be_v even_o with_o he_o and_o the_o rest_n wheel_v enough_o to_o the_o same_o hand_n they_o be_v to_o stand_v still_o the_o word_n of_o the_o definition_n of_o epistrophe_n or_o wheel_v be_v plain_a enough_o in_o aelian_a i_o need_v use_v no_o exposition_n now_o because_o in_o exercise_n we_o rely_v not_o upon_o one_o form_n of_o motion_n alone_o but_o acquaint_v our_o soldier_n with_o all_o the_o kind_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o bring_v the_o body_n again_o to_o the_o first_o place_n to_o the_o end_n we_o may_v proceed_v in_o the_o rest_n this_o reduce_n to_o the_o first_o posture_n be_v call_v anastrophe_n by_o which_o the_o battle_n return_v but_o by_o a_o contrary_a hand_n to_o that_o to_o which_o the_o epistrophe_n be_v make_v and_o but_o for_o change_v the_o hand_n the_o wheel_a back_n again_o be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o wheel_a forward_o we_o shall_v see_v hereafter_o how_o it_o be_v do_v to_o bring_v the_o battle_n to_o have_v the_o front_n where_o the_o rear_n be_v you_o must_v use_v a_o double_a wheel_a and_o that_o be_v call_v perispasmos_n which_o come_v of_o two_o epistrophe_n and_o be_v make_v either_o to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v hand_n only_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o if_o the_o perispasmos_n or_o wheel_v about_o be_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o anastrophe_n or_o reduce_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n must_v be_v to_o the_o left_a contrary_a it_o be_v if_o the_o perispasmos_n be_v to_o
threefold_a gate_n or_o door_n how_o the_o motion_n of_o wheel_a double_a and_o treble_a wheel_a of_o the_o battle_n be_v to_o be_v make_v chap._n xxxii_o it_o follow_v to_o show_v how_o a_o battle_n may_v be_v turn_v or_o wheel_v and_o how_o after_o reduce_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n or_o station_n cap._n 30._o plagiophalanx_n or_o the_o brode-fronted_n phalange_n orthiophalanx_n or_o the_o hearse_n protaxis_fw-la or_o forefront_v the_o front_n lâ—â—halanx_n or_o the_o uneven_a front_a phalange_n cap._n 31._o hypotaxis_fw-la or_o double-winging_a entaxis_fw-la or_o insertion_n protaxis_fw-la or_o forefront_a cap._n 32._o the_o manner_n of_o wheel_v the_o first_o posture_n close_v of_o file_n close_v of_o rank_n forward_o the_o front_n but_o in_o case_n we_o desire_v to_o wheel_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n we_o command_v the_o left-hand-file_n to_o stand_v still_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n to_o turn_v their_o face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o move_v forward_o close_o up_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n then_o to_o turn_v their_o face_n as_o they_o be_v then_o to_o gather_v up_o the_o hinder_a rank_n then_o to_o wheel_v the_o battle_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o stand_v and_o so_o be_v it_o do_v that_o be_v command_v but_o if_o restitution_n to_o the_o first_o posture_n be_v needful_a we_o must_v do_v as_o we_o do_v in_o return_v from_o the_o right_n for_o every_o man_n must_v turn_v about_o his_o face_n to_o the_o pike_n then_o the_o whole_a battle_n wheel_v about_o the_o left-hand-corner-file-leader_n must_v return_v to_o the_o place_n it_o have_v then_o all_o the_o fileleader_n stand_v firm_a and_o turn_v about_o their_o face_n and_o the_o rest_n open_v their_o rank_n in_o move_v forward_o and_o make_v alte_fw-la then_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n be_v to_o stand_v firm_a for_o it_o have_v the_o place_n it_o first_o have_v and_o the_o rest_n turn_v their_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o open_v their_o file_n and_o move_v forward_o till_o they_o have_v recover_v their_o first_o distance_n then_o to_o turn_v their_o face_n as_o at_o first_o and_o so_o shall_v every_o man_n be_v in_o his_o first_o posture_n now_o if_o we_o will_v wheel_v the_o battle_n about_o to_o the_o pike_n we_o be_v to_o make_v 2_o wheeling_n to_o the_o same_o side_n so_o will_v it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o fileleader_n shall_v in_o the_o change_n have_v their_o face_n turn_v to_o the_o rear_n where_o before_o they_o have_v they_o look_v out_o from_o the_o front_n but_o in_o restore_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n we_o command_v it_o to_o wheel_v about_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n that_o be_v we_o give_v it_o two_o wheeling_n more_o the_o same_o way_n so_o the_o fileleader_n will_v have_v their_o face_n set_v as_o at_o first_o then_o we_o command_v the_o fileleader_n to_o stand_v firm_a and_o the_o rest_n to_o open_v their_o rank_n behind_o then_o to_o turn_v their_o face_n about_o then_o the_o right_a hand_n file_v to_o stand_v still_o for_o it_o have_v the_o right_a place_n and_o the_o rest_n turn_v their_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o march_v on_o till_o the_o former_a distance_n be_v regain_v then_o to_o make_v alte._n so_o be_v the_o battle_n reduce_v to_o the_o first_o station_n if_o you_o will_v have_v the_o battle_n turn_v about_o to_o the_o target_n you_o be_v to_o give_v contrary_a direction_n that_o be_v in_o stead_n of_o command_v a_o double_a wheel_a to_o the_o pike_n to_o command_v a_o double_a wheel_a to_o the_o target_n then_o by_o make_v two_o turn_n the_o contrary_a way_n to_o use_v the_o like_a change_n we_o speak_v of_o before_o there_o be_v likewise_o a_o treble_a wheel_a of_o the_o battle_n when_o it_o turn_v thrice_o to_o the_o same_o hand_n namely_o to_o the_o pike_n or_o target_n the_o double_a wheel_a to_o the_o pike_n transfer_v the_o soldier_n face_n from_o the_o front_n to_o the_o back_n of_o the_o battle_n the_o treble_a wheel_a to_o the_o pike_n bring_v his_o face_n to_o the_o left_a flank_n the_o treble_a wheel_a to_o the_o target_n contrariwise_o to_o the_o right_a flank_n note_n before_o in_o the_o 26_o chapter_n aelian_n discourse_v of_o wheel_a and_o the_o kind_n thereof_o the_o manner_n how_o it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v be_v reserve_v for_o this_o place_n i_o need_v not_o therefore_o remember_v any_o thing_n else_o beside_o the_o word_n of_o command_n the_o word_n of_o command_n in_o epistrophe_n the_o uttermost_a file_n on_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n stand_v firm_a the_o rest_n turn_v face_n to_o the_o side_n purpose_v and_o march_v up_o to_o the_o file_n stand_v firm_a face_n as_o you_o be_v close_o your_o rank_n forward_o wheel_v the_o body_n to_o the_o hand_n appoint_v and_o when_o you_o have_v your_o ground_n stand_v return_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n or_o anastrophe_n face_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n wheel_n back_o the_o body_n to_o the_o ground_n it_o first_o have_v fileleader_n stand_v firm_a the_o other_o rank_n open_a to_o their_o first_o place_n face_n about_o to_o which_o hand_n you_o will_v the_o corner_n file_n to_o which_o the_o turn_n be_v stand_v firm_a the_o rest_n open_a to_o their_o first_o ground_n face_n as_o you_o be_v and_o order_v your_o pike_n perispasmos_n or_o wheel_v about_o in_o wheel_v about_o the_o same_o word_n to_o close_v the_o file_n and_o rank_n be_v to_o be_v use_v which_o be_v use_v in_o epistrophe_n there_o remain_v no_o more_o then_o to_o say_v wheel_n about_o your_o body_n to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v hand_n anastrophe_n or_o return_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n return_v to_o your_o first_o posture_n the_o same_o form_n be_v use_v that_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o former_a return_v unto_o the_o first_o posture_n for_o open_v rank_n and_o file_n ecperispasmos_n or_o treble_a wheel_a in_o this_o motion_n the_o same_o course_n be_v hold_v that_o be_v in_o the_o wheel_a but_o only_o that_o you_o command_v a_o treble_a wheel_a and_o the_o return_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n or_o anastrophe_n be_v all_o one_o but_o for_o the_o same_o difference_n of_o close_v the_o battle_n to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v hand_n or_o to_o the_o midst_n chap._n xxxiii_o cap_n â—â—_o of_o change_v the_o front_n after_o close_v close_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n in_o action_n close_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n close_v to_o the_o middle_a close_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o front_n before_o close_v the_o front_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d before_o close_v if_o the_o phalange_n be_v to_o be_v close_v in_o the_o midst_n the_o diphalange_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n must_v turn_v their_o face_n towards_o the_o target_n and_o the_o diphalange_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n their_o face_n towards_o the_o pike_n then_o move_v forward_o towards_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o phalange_n then_o after_o their_o true_a distance_n gain_v to_o set_v their_o face_n as_o they_o be_v and_o to_o gather_v up_o the_o rank_n behind_o when_o we_o will_v reduce_v the_o phalange_n to_o the_o first_o posture_n we_o command_v to_o turn_v face_n about_o then_o to_o open_v the_o rank_n and_o all_o to_o move_v on_o but_o the_o first_o rank_n then_o to_o turn_v their_o face_n again_o and_o the_o right_a diphalange_n turn_v to_o the_o pike_n and_o the_o left_a diphalange_n to_o the_o target_n to_o follow_v their_o leader_n till_o they_o have_v recover_v their_o first_o distance_n then_o to_o set_v their_o face_n as_o they_o be_v this_o rule_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o all_o turn_n about_o of_o face_n when_o they_o be_v make_v out_o of_o closing_n that_o the_o pike_n be_v advance_v lest_o they_o hinder_v the_o soldier_n in_o make_v his_o turn_n the_o lightarmed_n be_v to_o be_v teach_v and_o exercise_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n note_n in_o the_o 11_o chapter_n the_o distance_n that_o aught_o to_o be_v betwixt_o soldier_n and_o soldier_n be_v particular_o treat_v of_o this_o chapter_n show_v how_o they_o be_v to_o be_v gain_v that_o be_v how_o we_o be_v to_o proceed_v out_o of_o one_o distance_n into_o another_o and_o because_o the_o open_a order_n be_v it_o that_o be_v common_o begin_v withal_o it_o be_v here_o teach_v how_o from_o thence_o to_o pass_v to_o the_o rest_n and_o to_o return_v to_o it_o again_o the_o end_n of_o closing_n be_v speak_v of_o before_o in_o regard_n of_o place_n they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o two_o kind_n one_o to_o the_o wing_n right_a or_o left_a the_o other_o to_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o phalange_n i_o can_v express_v the_o manner_n better_o then_o by_o set_v down_o the_o word_n of_o command_n or_o direction_n which_o be_v these_o in_o close_v to_o the_o right_a wing_n the_o right-wing-corner-file_n stand_v firm_a the_o rest_n turn_v face_n to_o the_o pike_n and_o move_v according_a to_o
and_o serve_v for_o the_o pike_n only_a for_o the_o musquettier_n can_v be_v so_o close_o in_o file_n because_o they_o must_v have_v their_o arm_n at_o liberty_n &_o that_o be_v when_o every_o one_o be_v distant_a from_o file_n to_o file_v a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a and_o 3_o foot_n from_o rank_n to_o rank_n and_o this_o last_o distance_n be_v thus_o command_v close_o yourselves_o thorough_o but_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v teach_v the_o soldier_n for_o that_o when_o necessity_n shall_v require_v it_o they_o will_v close_v themselves_o but_o too_o much_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n without_o command_n to_o begin_v therefore_o to_o do_v the_o exercise_n the_o company_n be_v set_v in_o the_o first_o distance_n to_o wit_n of_o 6_o foot_n in_o file_n and_o rank_n and_o thus_o be_v say_v these_o be_v the_o general_a word_n of_o command_n which_o be_v often_o to_o be_v use_v stand_v right_a in_o your_o file_n stand_v right_a in_o your_o rank_n silence_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n as_o you_o be_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n as_o you_o be_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n about_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n as_o you_o be_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n about_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n as_o you_o be_v you_o must_v note_v that_o when_o they_o be_v command_v to_o be_v as_o they_o be_v they_o must_v return_v thither_o from_o whence_o they_o part_v and_o if_o they_o turn_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n they_o must_v return_v to_o the_o left_a and_o so_o in_o countermarch_n the_o head-piece_n the_o forepart_n the_o head-piece_n close_o the_o back_n the_o right_a gauntlet_n the_o left_a vantbrace_n the_o left_a cuishe_n the_o breast_n the_o back_n the_o guard_n the_o left_a â—â—â—â—let_n the_o armour_n of_o the_o pikman_n the_o gorget_n the_o breast_n the_o tale_n the_o head-piece_n the_o back_o the_o pike_n to_o the_o right_n double_a your_o rank_n rank_n as_o you_o be_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n double_a your_o rank_n rank_n as_o you_o be_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_a your_o file_n file_n 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distance_n to_o wit_n at_o 12_o foot_n and_o this_o for_o a_o single_a company_n rank_n as_o you_o be_v sc_n at_o the_o first_o in_o open_v rank_n or_o file_n you_o must_v keep_v they_o close_v until_o the_o second_o rank_n or_o file_n beginning_n from_o the_o outside_n have_v take_v their_o distance_n and_o so_o shall_v the_o rest_n remain_v close_o until_o every_o rank_n or_o file_n have_v take_v their_o distanceâ—_n in_o order_n open_v your_o file_n to_o wit_n to_o the_o first_o distance_n of_o 6_o foot_n if_o you_o will_v command_v to_o close_a file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o left_a hand_n the_o outmost_a file_n stand_v still_o and_o the_o rest_n close_o to_o that_o file_n for_o the_o pike_n with_o a_o firm_a stand_n advance_v your_o pike_n order_n your_o pike_n slope_n your_o pike_n charge_v your_o pike_n order_n your_o pike_n trail_v your_o pike_n cheeeke_v your_o pike_n more_o for_o the_o pike_n first_o with_o a_o firm_a stand_n and_o then_o march_v charge_v your_o pike_n slope_n your_o pike_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n charge_v your_o pike_n slope_n your_o pike_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n charge_v your_o pike_n slope_n your_o pike_n charge_v your_o pike_n to_o the_o rear_n slope_n your_o pike_n order_n your_o pike_n this_o must_v be_v observe_v charge_v your_o pike_n with_o a_o firm_a stand_n to_o set_v the_o right_a foot_n behind_o and_o charge_v the_o pike_n march_v to_o set_v the_o left_a foot_n before_o for_o the_o musket_n the_o posture_n in_o his_o excellency_n book_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v but_o in_o exercise_v you_o must_v only_o use_v these_o three_o term_n of_o direction_n make_v ready_a present_a give_v fire_n your_o musquettier_n must_v observe_v in_o all_o their_o motion_n to_o turn_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o that_o they_o carry_v the_o mouth_n of_o their_o piece_n high_a aswell_o when_o they_o be_v shoulder_v as_o in_o prune_v and_o also_o when_o they_o hold_v their_o pan_n guard_v and_o come_v up_o to_o give_v fire_n in_o advance_v towards_o a_o enemy_n when_o they_o do_v not_o skirmish_v loose_a and_o disband_v vanguard_n they_o must_v give_v fire_n by_o rank_n after_o this_o manner_n two_o rank_n must_v always_o make_v ready_a together_o and_o advance_v ten_o pace_n forward_o before_o the_o body_n at_o which_o distance_n a_o sergeant_n or_o when_o the_o body_n be_v great_a some_o other_o officer_n must_v stand_v to_o who_o the_o musquettier_n be_v to_o come_v up_o before_o advance_v they_o present_v and_o give_v fire_n first_o the_o firstranke_a and_o while_o the_o first_o give_v fire_n the_o second_o rank_n keep_v their_o musket_n close_o to_o their_o rest_n and_o their_o pan_n guard_v and_o assoon_o as_o the_o first_o be_v fall_v away_o the_o second_o present_o present_a and_o give_v fire_n and_o fall_v after_o they_o now_o assoon_o as_o the_o first_o two_o rank_n do_v move_v from_o their_o place_n in_o the_o front_n the_o two_o rank_n next_o they_o must_v unshoulder_n their_o musket_n and_o make_v 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so_o the_o rest_n we_o give_v fire_n by_o the_o flank_n thus_o the_o uppermost_a file_n next_o the_o enemy_n must_v be_v flank_n command_v to_o make_v ready_a keep_v still_o along_o with_o the_o body_n till_o such_o time_n as_o they_o be_v ready_a and_o then_o they_o turn_v to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v hand_n according_a to_o the_o sight_n of_o their_o enemy_n either_o upon_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v flank_n and_o give_v fire_n altogether_o when_o they_o have_v discharge_v they_o stir_v not_o but_o keep_v their_o ground_n and_o charge_v their_o piece_n again_o in_o the_o same_o place_n they_o stand_v now_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o foresay_a file_n do_v turn_v to_o give_v fire_n the_o uttermost_a next_z it_o make_v ready_a always_o keep_v along_o with_o the_o troop_n till_o the_o bringer-up_a be_v past_o a_o little_a beyond_o the_o leader_n of_o that_o file_n that_o give_v fire_n last_o and_o then_o the_o whole_a file_n must_v turn_v and_o give_v fire_n and_o do_v in_o all_o point_n as_o the_o first_o do_v and_o so_o the_o rest_n one_o after_o the_o other_o a_o sergeant_n or_o if_o the_o troop_n be_v great_a some_o other_o better_a qualify_a officer_n must_v stand_v at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o first_o file_n and_o assoon_o as_o the_o second_o file_n have_v give_v fire_n and_o have_v charge_v he_o be_v to_o lead_v forward_o the_o first_o file_n up_o to_o the_o second_o file_n and_o so_o to_o the_o rest_n one_o after_o another_o till_o he_o have_v gather_v up_o again_o the_o whole_a wing_n and_o then_o he_o be_v to_o join_v they_o again_o in_o equal_a front_n with_o the_o pike_n last_o of_o all_o the_o troop_n or_o whole_a wing_n of_o musquettier_n make_v ready_a altogether_o front_n and_o