Selected quad for the lemma: hand_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
hand_n	advance_v	left_a	right_a	6,499	5	7.6333	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
B02403	Instructions how to play at billiards, trucks, bowls, and chess. Together with all manner of games either on cards, or dice. To which is added the arts and mysteries of riding, racing, archery, and cock-fighting.	Cotton, Charles, 1630-1687.	1687 (1687)	Wing C6386A; ESTC R174281	83,437	197

not slippery where you stop but firm and hard lest the Horse apprehensive of the danger of falling refuse to stop as you would have him When your Horse can stop well and retire you must then teach him to advance before when he stoppeth a lesson that carrieth much grace and comeliness therein it is performed in this manner After you have stopped your Horse without giving your hand any ease lay the calves of both your Legs hard to his sides shaking your Rod and crying Vp up which though he understand not at first yet by frequent practice with helps cherishings and corrections as aforesaid he will come to understand your meaning But be sure you look narrowly to the comeliness of the advancing which consists in taking up his Legs both even together bending them inward to his body next his advance must not be too high for fear of his coming over upon you but let him couch his hinder-loins close to the ground but by no means suffer him to sprawl or paw with his Feet forward Lastly he must not advance for his own pleasure for that is a great fault but for yours according to your will and command If in advancing he rise too high ready to come over or sprawl or paw give him not only your spurs both together but lash him twice or thrice with your Rod between his ears and if he advanceth of his own accord then jerk him over the knees doing so as often as he commits those faults Now the use of advancing is this it not only graceth all his other lessons but makes his body agil and nimble and fits him for ready turning it is most used at stopping and then very gracefully In the next place you must teach your Horse to yerk out behind after this manner As soon as you have made him stop presently give him a good jerk under his belly near his flank which will make him understand you in time though not presently At first doing cherish him much and having let him pawse make him do it again till he will do it as often as you will have him but withall look to the comeliness of his yerking for it is not graceful for him to yerk out his hinder-legs till his fore-legs be above the ground and see that he yerk not one leg farther out than the other but both even together and not too high or one leg out whilst the other is on the ground Helps in yerking are the constant staying of his mouth on the bridle the stroke of the Rod under his belly or a gentle touch thereof on his Rump If he refuse to yerk or doth it disorderly then a single spur on that side that is faulty and lastly continual diseasing him till he hath done it Now to teach him to turn readily on both hands is first to bring his large rings into a narrower compass that is about four yards in circumference walking your Horse therein with all gentleness and at his own pleasure till he is acquainted therewith After this carry your bridle-hand constant and somewhat straight the outmost Rein straighter than the inmost making the Horse rather look from the ring than into it and thus trot him about first on the one side then on the other making your changes as aforesaid Thus exercise him an hour and half then stop and make him advance three or four times together then retire in an even line afterwards stand still and cherish him Having pawsed a while to recover breath exercise him as aforesaid still endeavouring to bring his trot to all the swiftness and loftiness possible making him do his changes roundly and readily and causing him to lap his outmost leg so much over his inmost leg that he may cover it more than a foot over and thus exercise him seven or eight days every morning at least three hours and suffer him only to practise his former lessons once in a morning in this manner you teach your Horse three lessons together the Terra à Terra the Incavalere and the Chambletta The turn Terra à Terra in the outmost circle of the straight ring and the Incavalere and Chambletta in the changes wherein he is forced to lap one leg over another or else to lift up the inmost Leg from the ground whilst he brings the outmost over it This lesson is so difficult that a compleat Horseman should think his Horse hath never perfectly learn'd it and therefore he must continually practise his Horse in trading trotting and galloping these narrow rings and from thence to pass them about in ground-salts as from taking up his fore-legs from the ground both together and bringing his hinder-feet in their place and so passing the Ring as often as the strength of your Horse and your own reason will allow of Thus you see the perfecting your Horse in the large Ring will easily introduce him into the knowledge of the straight Ring and that brings him to turn perfectly and stopping begets retiring and retiring advancing Having brought your Horse to this perfection take off his Musrole and Trench and in their stead put on his head a gentle Cavezan in such manner that it lye on the tender grissel of his nose somewhat near the upper part of his nostrils put in his mouth a sweet smooth cannon-bit with a plain watering chain the cheek being of a large size let the Kirble be thick round and large hanging loosly upon his neather lip so that it may entice him to play therewith Having so done mount casting the left rein of your Cavezan over the Horses right shoulder and bear it with your thumb with the reins of the Bit in your left hand let the right reins of the Cavezan be cast over his left shoulder and bear it with your Rod in your hand and so trot him forth the first morning about two miles in the high-way making him now and then stop and retire and gather up his head in its due place the next day bring him to his former large Rings and perfect him therein with the Bit as you did with the Snaffle in all the foregoing lessons which is more easily done by reason the Bit is of better command and of sharper correction The next thing we shall speak of to avoid every thing that is not very pertinent to our purpose is the Turning-Post which must be smooth and strong and very well fixt in the center of the straight Ring then causing some person to stand at the Post give him the right rein of your Cavezan to hold about the Post and so walk or trot your Horse about the same as oft as you think fit on your right hand then change your right rein for your left and do as before continue thus doing till your Horse be perfect in every turn Having so done teach him to manage the proper posture for a sword which is thus performed Cause two Rods to be prickt in the earth at what distance as you shall think

fit from one another then walk your Horse in a straight ring about the first on your right hand passing him in an even furrow down to the other Rod and walk about that also in a narrow Ring on your left hand then thrust him into a gentle gallop down the even furrow till you come to the first Rod and there make him stop as it were and advance without pawse or intermission of time thrust him forward again beat the turn Terra à Terra about on your right hand then gallop forth right to the other Rod and in the same manner beat the turn about on the left hand do this as often as you shall think convenient Though there are many sorts of Manages yet I hold but two necessary and useful and that is this already described called Terra à Terra and Incavalere or Chambletta discoursed afore-going As for the Career I need not speak much thereof ony this when you run him forth-right at full speed stop him quickly suddenly firm and close on his buttock and mark that you make not your Career too long nor too short the one weakens and the other hinders the discovery of his true wind and courage therefore let not the length of your Career extend above sixscore Yards and be sure you give him some little warning by your bridle-hand before you start him and then stop him firmly and strongly Thus much for the War-Horse or great Saddle Of the Horse of Pleasure IF you will make your Horse to bound aloft you must first trot him about sixteen yards then stop him and when he hath advanced twice streighten a little your bridle-Bridle-hand and then give him the even stroke of both your spurs together hard which at first will only amaze him but if he have good mettle and courage he will at length rise from the ground by often doing it if he doth it though but little cherish him very much then let him pause and give him your spurs again and if he acts according to your desire cherish him again make him do thus three or four times a day till he is so perfect that he will do it at any time at your spurs command Next teach him to corvet thus hollow the ground a Horse's length where two walls joyn together then place a strong smooth Post by the side of the hollowness of a Horse's length likewise from the wall then over against the Post fasten an Iron-ring at the wall this done ride your Horse into the hollow place and fasten one of the Reins of the Cavezan to the Ring and the other about the Post then having first cherished your Horse make him advance by the help of the calves of your Legs twice or thrice together then let him pause after this cherishing him again advance him half a score times together and daily encrease his advancings till you perceive he hath got such a habit therein that he will by no means go forward but keeping his ground certain advance both before and behind of an equal height and keep just and certain time with the motions of your Legs and if he raise his hinder legs not high enough you must have some body behind who having a rod must gently jerk him on the fillets to make him raise his hinder parts By taking this course in a few days you will so teach your Horse to corvet that without any helps at any time and place you may make him corvet at your pleasure I need not speak of the Capriole since it is the same manner of motion as the Corvet only it is done forward gaining ground in the salt raising his hinder parts as high or higher than the foremost If you would have your Horse go side-long on any hand you must draw up your bridle-bridle-hand straight and if you would have him go on the right hand lay your left rein close to his neck and the calf of your Leg close to his side making him put his left leg over his right then turning your rod backward gently jerking him on the left hinder thigh make him bring his hinder parts to the right side also and stand in an even line as at the first then make him remove his fore-parts more than before so that he may as it were cross over the even line and then make him bring his hinder part after and stand in an even line again and this do till by practice he will move his fore-parts and hinder-parts both together and go side-long as far as you please and if you would have him go on the left hand do as before To conclude these are the most material Lessons requisite to be taught any Horse whatever either for service or pleasure which if taught your Horse with care and patience you may conclude your Horse perfect and compleat But be sure you observe this that whatsoever Lesson your Horse is most imperfect in with that Lesson ever when you ride begin and end with it repeating every one over more or less lest want of use breed forgetfulness and forgetfulness absolute ignorance CHAP. XXXV Of RACING FOR the compleating a Gentleman's delight in the Art of Racing he is to take special cognizance of these subsequent Rules and Orders First He is to consider what is the most convenient time to take his Horse from grass which is about Bartholomew-tide the day being dry fair and pleasant as soon as he is taken up let him let him stand all that night in some convenient dry place to empty his body the next day put him into a stable and feed him with wheat-straw but no longer for though the Rule be good in taking up Horses bellies after this manner yet if you exceed your time in so doing this straw will straighten his guts heat his liver and hurt his blood therefore what you want in straw let it be supplied by riding him forth to water morning and evening airings and other moderate exercise And for his food let it be good old sweet Hay and clothe him according to the weather and temper of his body for as the Year grows colder and thereby you find his hair rise and stare about his neck flanks or other parts then add a woollen cloth or more if need require till his hair fall smooth Where note That a rough coat shews want of cloth and a smooth coat cloth enough A Race-horse ought to be drest in his resting days twice a day before his morning and evening waterings and must be done after this manner Curry him from the tips of his ears to the setting on of his tail all his body entirely over with an Iron-Comb his Legs under the knees and gambrels excepted then dust him and curry him high again all over with a round brush of bristles then dust him the second time and rub all the loose hair off with your hands dipt in fair water and continue rubbing till he is as dry as at first then rub every part of him with

ground and there having made him trot a good while about in your hand to take him off from wantonness and wild tricks offer to mount which if he refuse then trot him again in your hand then put your foot in the Stirrup and mount half way and dismount again if he seem distasted at it about with him again and let him not want correction but if he take it patiently cherish him and place your self in the Saddle but stay there a very little while then cherish him again and give him bread or grass to feed on then having seen all things fit and strong without offence to your self and Horse remount him placing your self even in the Saddle carrying your Rod inoffensively to his eye then let some person having in his hand the Chaff-halter lead him a little way then make him stand and having cherisht him let him forward again do this seven or eight times or so often till you have brought him of his own accord to go forward then must you stay and cherish him and having brought him home alight gently then dress and feed him well Observe this course every day till you have brought him to trot which will be but three at the most if you observe to make him follow some other Horsman stopping him now and then gently and then making him go forward remembring his seasonable cherishings and not forgetting his due corrections as often as you find him froward and rebellious and when you ride him abroad return not the same way home that you may make him take all ways indifferently and by these observations you will bring him to understand your will and purpose in less than a Fortnights time Having brought your Horse to receive you to his back trot fore-right stop and retire with patience and obedience be never unmindful of your Helps corrections and cherishings which consist in the Voice Bridle Rod Calves of the Legs and Spurs the last of which is chief for correction which must not be done faintly but sharply when occasion shall require it Cherishings may be comprehended within three Heads the Voice delivered smoothly and lovingly as so so boy so then the hand by clapping him gently on the neck or buttock lastly the Rod by rubbing him therewith upon the Withers or the Main in which he very much delights The next that you are to regard is the Musrole or Cavezan and Martingale this is an excellent Guide to a well disposed Horse for setting of his Head in due place forming of his Rein and making him appear lovely to the eye of the Spectator and withall this is a sharp correction when a Horse yerketh out his Nose disorders his Head or endeavours to run away with his Rider The manner of placing it is thus let it hang somewhat low and rest upon the tender grissel of the Horses nose that he may be the more sensible of correction and let it not be strait but loose whereby the Horse may feel upon the yielding in of his Head how the offence goeth from him and by that means be made sensible that his own disorder was his only punishment You must carefully observe how you win your Horses head and by those degrees bring his Martingale straighter and straighter so as the Horse may ever have a gentle feeling of the same and no more till his head be brought to its true perfection and there stay When you have brought your Horse to some certainty of Rein and will Trot forth-right then bring him to the treading forth of the large rings If your Horses nature be sloathful and dull yet strong trot him first in some new plow'd field but if agil and of a fiery spirit then trot him in some sandy ground and there mark out a spacious large ring about a hundred paces in circumference Having walkt him about it on the right seven or eight times you must then by a little straitning of your right Rein and laying the calf of your left Leg to his side making a half circle within your ring upon your right hand down to the center thereof and then by straitning a little your left Rein and laying the calf of your right Leg to his side making another semi-circle to your left hand from the center to the outmost verge which two Semicircles contrary turned will make a perfect Roman S within the ring then keeping your first large circumference walk your Horse about in your left hand as oft as you did on your right and then change within your ring as you did before to your right hand again and then trot him first on the right hand then on the left as long as you shall think convenient either one two or three hours to perfect him in this lesson and this must be done every morning and evening too if you find your Horse sloathful and dull otherwise you need not take so much pains with him Having taught him to trot the large rings perfectly which will not require above four or five days then in the same manner and changes make him gallop the same rings making him take up his Feet so truly and loftily that no falshood may be perceived in his stroke but that his inward Feet play before his outward and each of a side follow the other so exactly that his gallop may appear the best grace of all his motions Here note You must not enter him all at once to gallop this great ring but by degrees first a quarter then a half quarter c. ever remembring not to force him into it with the spur but by the lightness and cheerfulness of your body let him pass of his own accord into a gallop Helps corrections and cherishings in the ring-turn are as aforesaid the elevation of the voice and the threatning of the rod and straitning of the bridle are good helps which you must use as you must the spur rod and leg for timely due corrections neither must you ever cherish without desert Having made your Horse gallop as well as trot the large ring then teach him to stop fair comely and without danger after this manner First having cherisht him bring him into a swift trot forward about fifty paces then draw in your bridle-hand straightly and suddenly which will make him gather up his hinder and fore-legs together and thereby stand still then ease your hand a little that he may give backward which if he doth give him more liberty and cherish him having given a little respit draw in your bridle-hand and make him go back three or four paces at which if he strike instantly ease your hand and draw it up again letting him come and go till he yield and go backward but if he refuse it let some person standing by put him back and then cherish him that he may know your intention Thus every time you stop make him retire till you have perfected him in these two lessons at one time Have a care that the ground be

others have made them by filing and rounding but all these ways fall short of the Art of those who make them some whereof are so admirably skilful in making a Bale of Dice to run what you would have them that your Gamesters think they never give enough for their purchase if they prove right They are sold in many places about the Town price current by the help of a friend eight shillings whereas an ordinary Bale is sold for six pence for my part I shall tell you plainly I would have those Bales of false Dice to be sold at the price of the Ears of such destructive Knaves that made them Another way the Rook hath to cheat is first by Palming that is he puts one Dye into the Box and keeps the other in the hollow of his little finger which noting what is uppermost when he takes him up the same shall be when he throws the other Dye which runs doubtfully any cast Observe this that the bottom and top of all Dice are seven so that if it be 4 above it must be a 3 at bottom so 5 and 2. 6 and 1. Secondly by Topping and that is when they take up both Dice and seem to put them in the Box and shaking the Box you would think them both there by reason of the ratling occasioned with the screwing of the Box whereas one of them is at the top of the Box between his two forefingers or secur'd by thrusting a forefinger into the Box. Thirdly by Slurring that is by taking up your Dice as you will have them advantageously lie in your hand placing the one a top the other not caring if the uppermost run a Mill-stone as they use to say if the undermost run without turning and therefore a smooth table is altogether requisite for this purpose on a rugged rough board it is a hard matter to be done whereas on a smooth table the best are rub'd over with Bees-wax to fill up all chinks and crevises it is usual for some to slur a Dye two yards or more without turning Fourthly by Knapping that is when you strike a Dye dead that it shall not stir this is best done within the Tables where note there is no securing but of one Dye although there are some who boast of securing both I have seen some so dexterous at Knapping that they have done it through the handle of a quart Pot or over a Candle and Candlestick but that which I most admired was throwing through the same less than Ames Ace with two Dice upon a Groat held in the left hand on the one side of the handle a foot distance and the Dice thrown with the right hand on the other Lastly by Stabbing that is having a Smooth Box and small in the bottom you drop in both your Dice in such manner as you would have them sticking therein by reason of its narrowness the Dice lying one upon another so that turning up the Box the Dice never tumble if a smooth Box if true but little by which means you have bottoms according to the tops you put in For example if you put in your Dice so that two fives or two fours lie a top you have in the bottom turn'd up two two's or two treys so if six and an Ace a top a Six and an Ace at bottom Now if the Gentleman be past that Classis of Ignoramusses then they effect their purpose by Cross-byting or some other dexterity of which they have all variety imaginable A friend of mine wondring at the many slights a noted Gamester had to deceive and how neatly and undiscoverably he managed his tricks wondring withall he could not do the like himself since he had the same Theory of them all and knew how they were done O young man replyed the Gamester there is nothing to be attain'd without pains wherefore had you been as laborious as my self in the practice hereof and had sweated at it as many cold winter mornings in your shirt as I have done in mine undoubtedly you would have arrived at the same perfection Here you must observe that if these Rooks think they have met with a sure Bubble they will purposely lose some small sum at first that they may engage him the more freely to bleed as they call it which may be at the second if not beware of the third meeting which under the notion of being very merry with wine and good cheer they will make him pay for the roast Consider the further inconveniences of Gaming as they are rank'd under these Heads First if the House find you free to the Box and a constant Caster you shall be treated with Suppers at night and a Cawdle in the morning and have the honour to be stiled a Lover of the House whilst your money lasts which certainly cannot be long for here you shall be quickly destroy'd under pretence of kindness as Men were by the Lamiae of old which you may easily gather if from no other consideration than this that I have seen three persons sit down at twelve penny In and In and each draw forty shillings a piece in less than three hours the Box hath had three pound and all the three Gamesters have been losers Secondly consider how many persons have been ruined by play I could nominate a great many some who have had great estates have lost them others having good employments have been forced to desert them and hide themselves from their Creditors in some foreign Plantation by reason of those great debts they had contracted through Play. Thirdly this course of life shall make you liable to so many affronts and manifold vexations as in time may breed distraction Thus a young fellow not many years since had by strange fortune run up a very small sum to a thousand pounds and thereupon put himself into a garb accordingly but not knowing when he was well fell to play again fortune turn'd he lost all ran mad and so died Fourthly is it not extreme folly for a man that hath a competent estate to play whether he or another man shall enjoy it and if his estate be small then to hazard even the loss of that and reduce himself to absolute beggery I think it madness in the highest degree Besides it hath been generally observed that the loss of one hundred pounds shall do you more prejudice in disquieting your mind than the gain of two hundred pounds shall do you good were you sure to keep it Lastly consider not only your loss of time which is invaluable Nulla major est jactura quam temporis amissio but the damage also the very watching brings to your health and in particular to the eyes confirmed by this Distick Allia Vina Venus Fumus Faba Lumen Ignis Ista nocent oculis sed vigilare magis Garlick Wine Women Smoak Beans Fire and Light Do hurt the Eyes but watching more the sight I shall conclude this Character with a penitential Sonnet written by a

so called and he that hath three of any sort that is three fours three fives three sixes and so forth takes up the Triolet Games within the Tables CHAP. XXV Of IRISH. IRish is an ingenious Game and requires a great deal of skill to play it well especially the After-game It is not to be learn'd otherwise than by observation and practice however I shall lightly touch hereon The men which are thirty in number are equally divided between you and your Adversary and are thus placed two on the Ace point and five on the sice of your left hand Table and three on the cinque and five on the Ace point of your right hand Table answer'd on the like points by your Adversaries men with the same number or thus two of your men on the Ace point five on the double sice or sice Cinque point three on the Cinque point in your own Tables and five on the sice point at home and all these pointed alike by your Adversary In your play have a care of being too forwards and be not too rash in hitting every blot but with discretion and consideration move slowly but securely by which means though your Adversary have fill'd his Tables but withall blots and you by hitting him enter you may win the Game nay sometimes though he hath born his men all to a very few 'T is the part of a prudent Commander as he leads out his men to bring them home as safe as he may so must you have a care of your men as you are bringing them home that they are not pickt up by the way Have a special care that your Adversary double not the Trey Ace-point with his men and so make what convenient haste you can to fill up your own Tables and beware of blotting that done bear as fast as you can For an After-game I know not what instructions to give you you must herein trust to your own judgment and the chance of the Dice and if they run low for some time it will be so much the better CHAP. XXVI Of Back-Gammon YOur men are placed as at Irish and Back-Gammon differs but very little from it but in Doublets which at this Game is plaid fourfold which makes a quicker dispatch of the Game than Irish Be sure to make good your Trey Ace-points hit boldly and come away as fast as you can to which end if your Dice run high you will make the quicker dispatch When you come to bearing have a care of making when you need not and Doublets now will stand you most in stead If both bear together he that is first off without Doublets wins one If both bear and one goes off with Doublets he wins two If your Tables be clear before your Adversaries men be come in that 's a Back-Gammon which is three but if you thus go off with Doublets it is four False Dice are much used at Irish and Back-Gammon for the benefit of entring wherefore have a special care that you have not Cinque-Deuces and Quater-Treys put upon you you may quickly perceive it by the running of the Dice The person that is cunning at play has great advantage of a novice or innocent man which is commonly by toping or knaping which by its often practice may be suspected by his Adversary then he has recourse to Dice which runs particular chances for his purpose which the other being ignorant of is almost an equal advantage with the former For example he provides Dice that runs 6 5 4 't is his business to secure those points so that if he happens to surprize any of your men coming home as 't is two to one but he does he does without a kind of Miracle win the set 'T is possible sometimes they may make use of 3 2 which are the low Chances but that they seldom do for this reason the high or forward points being supplied you must enter if at all upon the low points which keeps you backwards and gives him advantage The advantage of this Game is to be forward if possible upon safe terms and to point his men at that rate that it shall not be possible for you to pass though you have entred your men till he gives you liberty having two to one the advantage of the Game CHAP. XXVII Of TICK-TACK ALL your men must stand on the Ace-point and from thence play forward but have a care of being too forward or so at leastwise that Doublets reach you not Secure your Sice and Cinque-point whatever you do and break them not unless it be when you have the advantage of going in which is the greatest advantage you can have next to a hit for your Adversaries eleventh point standing open you have it may be the opportunity of going in with two of your men and then you win a double Game A hit is but one and that is when you throw such a cast that some one of your men will reach your Adversaries unbound but sometimes though it hits it will not pass by reason of a stop in the way and then it is nothing Sometimes it is good going over into your Adversaries Tables but it is best for an After-game Playing close at home is the securest way playing at length is both rash and unsafe and be careful of binding your men when you lie in danger of the enemy Moreover if you see you are in danger of losing a double Game give your Adversary one if you can it is better doing so than losing two Here note if you fill up all the points of your second Table with your own men you win two and that you may prevent your Adversary from doing so if you are in danger thereof if you can make a vacant point in his Tables and it is impossible for him to do it This is the plain Game of Tick-Tack which is called so from Touch and take for if you touch a man you must play him though to your loss and if you hit your Adversary and neglect the advantage you are taken with a Why-not which is the loss of one likewise if you are in and your cast is such that you may also go into your Adversaries eleventh point by two other men and you see it not either by carelesness or eager prosecution of a hit which is apparent before your eyes you lose two irrecoverably Besides it is a very great oversight as your men may stand not to take a point when you may do it Now some play this Game with Toots Boveries and Flyers Toots is when you fill up your Table at home and then there is required small throws for if you get over with a Sice you have no benefit of Toots Boveries is when you have a man in the eleventh point of your own Tables and another in the same point of your Adversaries directly answering Flyers is when you bring a man round the Tables before your Adversary hath got over his first Table to the effecting of