of_o plant_v §_o 22._o the_o advantage_n in_o plant_v tree_n may_v thus_o easy_o be_v compute_v viz._n a_o acre_n of_o ground_n account_v eight_o yard_n to_o the_o pole_n or_o perch_n will_v take_v about_o 160_o tree_n which_o may_v be_v set_v at_o distance_n enough_o which_o tree_n if_o buy_v and_o not_o raise_v by_o yourself_o may_v be_v have_v for_o about_o six_o pound_n when_o set_v and_o stake_v the_o yearly_a prosit_fw-la of_o the_o herbage_n or_o tillage_n of_o this_o acre_n of_o ground_n for_o the_o first_o seven_o yearâ—_n after_o plant_v may_v well_o be_v employ_v in_o dig_v about_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tree_n carry_v off_o convenient_a and_o proper_a soil_n or_o compost_n for_o they_o mantain_v the_o fence_n pay_v duty_n etc._n etc._n at_o the_o seven_o yearâ—_n end_n these_o 160_o tree_n one_o tree_n with_o another_o will_v yield_v a_o bushel_n account_v 32_o quart_n to_o the_o bushel_n of_o apple_n 〈◊〉_d tree_n although_o some_o of_o they_o may_v have_v perish_v and_o other_o as_o yet_o but_o young_a raise_v in_o their_o place_n yet_o may_v some_o of_o these_o tree_n at_o seven_o year_n growth_n bear_v two_o or_o three_o bushel_n and_o some_o a_o bushel_n and_o a_o half_a which_o may_v in_o the_o whole_a amount_v to_o one_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o bushel_n which_o at_o six_o penny_n per_fw-la bushel_n be_v four_o pound_n the_o herbage_n than_o will_v be_v worth_a at_o least_o thirty_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la although_o the_o ground_n be_v worth_n less_o before_o it_o be_v plant_v the_o eight_o or_o nine_o year_n your_o tree_n may_v one_o with_o another_o and_o one_o year_n with_o another_o yield_v you_o at_o least_o two_o or_o three_o bushel_n on_o a_o tree_n and_o sometime_o more_o which_o at_o so_o low_a a_o rate_n your_o six_o pound_n first_o expend_v and_o the_o forbearance_n of_o the_o profit_n of_o your_o land_n and_o interest_n of_o your_o money_n for_o seven_o year_n will_v bring_v you_o at_o least_o eight_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la the_o herbage_n be_v still_o allow_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o your_o plantation_n but_o if_o a_o good_a fruit_n year_n happen_v and_o your_o 160_o tree_n yield_v you_o six_o or_o seven_o hundred_o bushel_n and_o those_o worth_a twelve_o penny_n or_o eight_o penny_n the_o bushel_n it_o will_v in_o one_o year_n more_o than_o retaliate_v all_o your_o past_a labour_n charge_n and_o loss_n and_o yourself_o will_v be_v furnish_v with_o a_o excellent_a orchard_n very_o serviceable_a to_o your_o family_n both_o in_o bake_v and_o make_v strong_a and_o small_a cider_n for_o your_o table_n and_o thereby_o save_v great_a quantity_n of_o malt._n a_o bushel_n and_o half_a or_o 48_o quart_n of_o apple_n will_v make_v 18_o 20_o 22_o or_o sometime_o 24._o quart_n of_o cider_n according_a to_o the_o goodness_n of_o your_o fruit_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o there_o will_v also_o be_v so_o much_o cyderkin_n make_v of_o the_o pouz_n or_o murc_n as_o will_v be_v better_a worth_n than_o the_o charge_n of_o grind_v and_o press_v etc._n etc._n twenty_o bushel_n common_o make_v a_o hogshead_n of_o cider_n they_o that_o be_v desirous_a to_o understand_v the_o order_n of_o a_o garden_n either_o for_o the_o kitchen_n or_o flower_n let_v they_o peruse_v a_o book_n call_v the_o english_a gardener_n write_v by_o leonard_n meagar_n and_o therein_o they_o will_v find_v both_o ample_a and_o true_a instruction_n although_o there_o be_v no_o liquor_n drink_v or_o diet_v alike_o pleasant_a to_o all_o some_o prefer_v dull_a coffee_n before_o any_o other_o some_o stale_a beer_n other_o fat_a ale_n or_o mum_o one_o claret_n another_o sack_n yet_o our_o english_a know_v no_o other_o drink_v so_o general_o palatable_a as_o cider_n because_o it_o may_v be_v make_v suit_n with_o any_o humourous_a drinker_n it_o be_v make_v luscious_a by_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o sweet_a apple_n at_o the_o grind_n pleasant_a be_v make_v with_o pippin_n or_o genent-moyls_a racy_n poignant_a oily_a spicy_a and_o rich_a with_o the_o redstreak_n and_o several_a other_o sort_n of_o fruit_n even_o as_o the_o operator_n please_v and_o it_o satisfy_v thirst_n if_o not_o too_o stale_a more_o than_o any_o other_o usual_a drink_n whatsoever_o and_o in_o such_o year_n as_o corn_n be_v dear_a the_o best_a cider_n may_v be_v make_v at_o a_o far_o easy_a rate_n than_o ordinary_a ale_n the_o consideration_n whereof_o add_v much_o to_o the_o exhilerate_a virtue_n of_o this_o drink_n next_o unto_o cider_n perry_n claim_v the_o precedency_n especial_o if_o make_v of_o the_o best_a juicy_a pear_n celebrate_v for_o that_o purpose_n as_o the_o bosbery-pear_n bareland-pear_n the_o red_a and_o white_a horse-pear_n or_o many_o sort_n of_o wild_a and_o choke_v pear_n but_o above_o all_o the_o turgovian_a pear_n wine_n or_o drink_n make_v of_o curran_n goosberry_n raspberry_n blackberry_n cherry_n or_o plum_n prepare_v and_o make_v as_o be_v before_o teach_v may_v be_v more_o acceptable_a to_o our_o palate_n healthy_a pleasant_a and_o profitable_a than_o those_o exotic_a wine_n many_o be_v so_o fond_a of_o and_o dote_v on_o and_o in_o this_o very_a year_n 1682_o i_o know_v wine_n make_v of_o the_o white_a dutch_a curran_n according_a to_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o 15_o sect._n of_o this_o chap._n only_o there_o be_v but_o a_o pint_n of_o water_n add_v to_o each_o quart_n of_o the_o fruit_n far_o superior_a to_o the_o best_a french_a white_n whine_v can_v be_v buy_v in_o our_o country_n if_o several_a judicious_a palate_n be_v not_o mistake_v â„ž_o of_o diapalmae_fw-la and_o of_o deminio_n composit_n of_o each_o two_o ounce_n wet_a how_o to_o liquor_n boot_n or_o shoe_n to_o walk_v in_o the_o field_n and_o orchard_n to_o keep_v out_o wet_a and_o of_o hogs-grease_n render_v no_o salt_n be_v in_o it_o half_o a_o pound_n melt_v they_o together_o keep_v continual_a stir_v and_o liquor_n the_o leather_n and_o sole_n therewith_o before_o the_o boot_n or_o shoe_n be_v shape_v out_o and_o afterward_o when_o occasion_n be_v the_o liquor_n must_v be_v warm_a when_o use_v a_o abridgement_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 43_o eliz._n cap._n 7._o and_o 15_o car._n 2._o cap._n 2._o etc._n law_n against_o break_v orchard_n and_o steal_a tree_n and_o wood_n etc._n etc._n if_o any_o shall_v be_v convict_v by_o his_o own_o confession_n or_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o one_o witness_v upon_o oath_n before_o one_o justice_n of_o peace_n or_o head_n officer_n to_o have_v unlawful_o cut_v and_o take_v away_o any_o grain_n grow_v rob_v any_o orchard_n or_o garden_n dig_v up_o or_o take_v away_o any_o fruit_n tree_n break_v any_o hedge_n pale_n or_o other_o fence_n cut_v or_o spoil_v any_o wood_n or_o under_o wood_n stand_v and_o grow_v or_o the_o like_a or_o to_o have_v be_v accessary_a thereunto_o shall_v for_o the_o first_o offence_n pay_v unto_o the_o party_n grieve_v such_o damage_n and_o within_o such_o time_n as_o by_o the_o say_a justice_n or_o head_n officer_n shall_v be_v appoint_v and_o in_o case_n the_o pary_fw-mi offend_a shall_v not_o by_o the_o say_a justice_n or_o officer_n be_v think_v able_a to_o discharge_v the_o sade_n damage_n or_o shall_v not_o discharge_v they_o according_a to_o the_o say_a order_n then_o shall_v the_o say_a offender_n be_v by_o they_o or_o either_o of_o they_o respectiu_o commit_v to_o the_o constable_n or_o other_o officer_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o offence_n be_v commit_v or_o the_o party_n apprehend_v to_o be_v whip_v and_o for_o every_o other_o offence_n commit_v afterward_o and_o prove_v as_o aforesaid_a the_o party_n offend_v shall_v receive_v the_o like_a punishment_n of_o whip_v the_o constable_n or_o other_o inferior_a officer_n that_o herein_o refuse_v or_o neglect_v to_o do_v his_o duty_n shall_v by_o any_o such_o justice_n of_o peace_n or_o head_n officer_n be_v commit_v to_o prison_n without_o bail_n till_o he_o whip_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v whip_v the_o party_n offend_v as_o be_v above_o limit_v no_o justice_n of_o peace_n shall_v execute_v this_o statute_n for_o offence_n do_v to_o himself_o unless_o he_o be_v associate_v with_o one_o or_o more_o justice_n of_o peace_n who_o the_o offence_n do_v not_o concern_v vid._n the_o statute_n of_o 43._o eliz._n cap._n 7._o at_o large_a statute_n 15._o car._n 2._o cap._n 2._o recite_v the_o statute_n of_o 43._o eliz._n cap._n 7._o do_v not_o sufficient_o prevent_v nor_o punish_v the_o cut_v and_o spoil_v of_o wood_n enact_n that_o ever_o constable_n headborough_z and_o other_o person_n in_o every_o county_n city_n or_o other_o place_n where_o they_o shall_v be_v officer_n or_o inhabitant_n shall_v and_o may_v apprehend_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v apprehend_v every_o person_n they_o shall_v suspect_v have_v carrying_z or_o convey_v any_o burden_n or_o bundle_n of_o wood_n poles_n young_a
of_o the_o rest_n whether_o they_o do_v or_o no_o if_o you_o reserve_v any_o for_o this_o use_n you_o have_v best_o choose_v such_o as_o grow_v straight_o and_o at_o convenient_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o which_o you_o may_v contrive_v to_o do_v in_o draw_v out_o the_o first_o two_o year_n such_o as_o be_v of_o stature_n to_o be_v transplant_v from_o among_o they_o dress_v these_o once_o or_o twice_o a_o year_n by_o cut_v off_o the_o big_a side-branche_n to_o hasten_v their_o grow_a tall_a but_o leave_v on_o the_o top_n and_o some_o small_a side-branche_n for_o this_o cause_v they_o to_o thrive_v in_o bigness_n the_o more_o which_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v proportionable_a to_o their_o height_n or_o else_o they_o will_v be_v too_o weak_a to_o bear_v a_o top_n observe_v this_o also_o in_o your_o graft_a tree_n in_o your_o nursery_n or_o elsewhere_o kind_n graft_n must_v not_o be_v graft_v on_o different_a kind_n §_o 10._o all_o stock_n and_o cyens_n or_o graft_n that_o prosper_v when_o they_o be_v joint_v together_o be_v congenerous_a or_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n and_o near_o relate_v in_o some_o degree_n therefore_o cherry-graft_n or_o cyens_n graft_v or_o inoculate_v on_o plum-stock_n will_v not_o prosper_v long_o nor_o plum-graft_n on_o cherry-stock_n neither_o do_v apple-graft_n on_o pear-stock_n nor_o pear-graft_n on_o apple_n or_o crab-stock_n neither_o will_v a_o apple_n cyens_fw-fr grow_v graft_v upon_o a_o sallow_a poplar_n alder_n elm_n or_o horse-plum_n of_o apple-seed_n etc._n etc._n will_v not_o produce_v the_o same_o kind_n of_o apple_n etc._n etc._n they_o be_v have_v out_o of_o seed_n or_o stone_n of_o fruit_n gather_v from_o tree_n that_o have_v be_v graft_v or_o inoculate_v on_o stock_n of_o different_a kind_n from_o the_o graft_n or_o cyens_n produce_v of_o themselves_o not_o be_v graft_v or_o inoculate_v not_o the_o same_o fruit_n as_o that_o be_v from_o whence_o the_o seed_n or_o stone_n come_v but_o a_o different_a and_o most_o common_o a_o far_o worse_a fruit_n and_o as_o concern_v the_o seed_n of_o apple_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o although_o they_o produce_v not_o tree_n bear_v the_o same_o kind_n of_o apple_n as_o those_o the_o seed_n be_v have_v of_o yet_o without_o graft_v they_o will_v bring_v forth_o a_o good_a harsh_a fruit_n that_o may_v yield_v good_a cider_n and_o thus_o it_o be_v say_v we_o come_v by_o some_o of_o our_o best_a cyder-apple_n neither_o be_v some_o sort_n of_o crab_n so_o contemptible_a a_o fruit_n as_o they_o be_v general_o account_v for_o be_v gather_v very_o ripe_a and_o keep_v a_o good_a while_n to_o mellow_v some_o of_o they_o will_v make_v good_a cider_n or_o ground_n with_o other_o mellow_a fruit_n do_v much_o enrich_v the_o cider_n and_o be_v the_o best_a refiner_n of_o foul_a cider_n and_o general_o crab_n yield_v a_o strong_a liquor_n so_o that_o such_o kind_n of_o crab-stock_n may_v rather_o help_v to_o mend_v some_o apple_n of_o weak_a juice_n than_o make_v they_o worse_o and_o this_o inconvenience_n be_v always_o find_v in_o tree_n come_v of_o seed_n and_o not_o graft_v or_o inoculate_v that_o they_o be_v very_o long_o before_o they_o bear_v fruit_n whereas_o stock_n graft_v or_o inoculate_v from_o tree_n which_o experience_n assure_v be_v of_o good_a bear_v kind_n and_o fruit_n common_o bear_v well_o in_o three_o or_o four_o year_n and_o so_o continue_v if_o you_o will_v have_v some_o tree_n raise_v of_o the_o seed_n of_o apple-kernel_n view_v your_o seminary_n about_o michaelmas_n and_o see_v which_o of_o your_o seedling_n have_v produce_v the_o broad_a fair_a and_o large_a leaf_n and_o shoot_v and_o those_o elect_v for_o your_o tree_n to_o be_v set_v without_o graft_v for_o it_o be_v common_o observe_v that_o those_o seed-plant_n or_o tree_n that_o have_v very_o large_a fair_a and_o broad_a leave_n bear_v the_o fair_a and_o large_a fruit._n fruit._n mere_a graft_v better_v not_o fruit._n §_o 12._o mere_a graft_v do_v not_o meliorate_v the_o fruit_n at_o all_o as_o if_o you_o graft_v a_o cyen_v upon_o the_o same_o tree_n you_o take_v it_o from_o the_o fruit_n will_v be_v the_o very_a same_o without_o the_o least_o alteration_n from_o what_o the_o tree_n bear_v before_o it_o be_v so_o graft_v but_o fruit_n may_v something_o participate_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o stock_n wherein_o it_o be_v graft_v so_o as_o to_o be_v make_v by_o it_o either_o better_a or_o worse_o as_o if_o you_o graft_v a_o very_a sour_a apple_n cyen_v upon_o a_o sweet_a apple_n tree_n the_o fruit_n will_v be_v something_o better_a so_o a_o sweet_a apple_n cyen_n graft_v on_o a_o very_a harsh_a four_o crab-stock_n have_v produce_v a_o better_a fruit_n than_o the_o tree_n from_o whence_o the_o apple-graft_a be_v have_v so_o a_o pear-cyen_a graft_v on_o a_o quince-stock_n have_v mend_v the_o pear_n and_o though_o the_o graft_n do_v keep_v its_o own_o nature_n and_o mighty_o predominate_v on_o what_o stock_n soever_o it_o be_v graft_v yet_o such_o a_o union_n as_o that_o of_o the_o stock_n and_o the_o graft_n in_o natural_a body_n be_v hardly_o conceivable_a without_o some_o commixture_n of_o their_o nature_n and_o there_o be_v some_o reason_n from_o experience_n which_o make_v this_o more_o than_o probable_a as_o i._o the_o seed_n of_o a_o graft_a tree_n take_v much_o after_o the_o stock_n and_o it_o be_v something_o strange_a to_o conceive_v the_o kernel_n shall_v participate_v so_o much_o of_o the_o stock_n and_o the_o fruit_n be_v nothing_o influence_v by_o it_o ii_o those_o that_o produce_v the_o best_a fruit_n by_o their_o stone_n or_o seed_n yet_o vary_v from_o the_o fruit_n the_o seed_n or_o stone_n be_v take_v out_o of_o which_o in_o all_o likelihood_n proceed_v from_o the_o mixture_n of_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o cyen_v in_o that_o tree_n the_o stone_n come_v from_o iii_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o among_o tree_n of_o one_o kind_n in_o the_o same_o orchard_n you_o shall_v have_v some_o one_o of_o they_o bear_v better_a fruit_n than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n sometime_o and_o it_o be_v not_o know_v what_o to_o impute_v this_o excellency_n more_o probable_o to_o than_o that_o the_o stock_n they_o be_v graft_v on_o may_v be_v crabtree_n that_o bear_v crab_n of_o several_a kind_n some_o better_a some_o worse_a so_o that_o to_o conclude_v it_o can_v be_v amiss_o to_o be_v so_o far_o curious_a about_o the_o stock_n you_o graft_v as_o rather_o to_o choose_v such_o seed_n and_o stone_n to_o raise_v they_o from_o as_o come_v from_o tree_n that_o bear_v the_o best_a fruit_n in_o their_o kind_n if_o you_o can_v have_v they_o than_o to_o take_v they_o at_o adventure_n which_o make_v some_o choose_v seed_n out_o of_o fair_a large_a juicy_a crab_n to_o raise_v stock_n to_o graft_v some_o delicate_a apple-graft_n on_o tree_n concern_v the_o pith_n of_o a_o tree_n §_o 13._o it_o be_v hold_v by_o some_o that_o the_o kernel_n of_o the_o fruit_n have_v a_o great_a dependence_n upon_o and_o sympathy_n with_o the_o pith_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o that_o hollow_a tree_n though_o they_o grow_v and_o bear_v fruit_n yet_o that_o fruit_n have_v few_o kernel_n in_o it_o and_o those_o little_a better_o than_o wither_a husk_n and_o experience_n evidence_n that_o there_o be_v some_o hollow_a fruit-tree_n that_o bear_v fruit_n so_o much_o more_o excellent_a than_o any_o of_o the_o same_o kind_a the_o owner_n have_v have_v or_o can_v elsewhere_o meet_v with_o that_o they_o have_v be_v very_o desirous_a to_o propagate_v from_o they_o but_o never_o can_v any_o manner_n of_o way_n raise_v young_a one_o of_o those_o old_a tree_n that_o will_v bear_v so_o good_a a_o fruit_n as_o the_o old_a tree_n which_o seem_v to_o intimate_v that_o the_o fruit_n of_o a_o tree_n may_v be_v the_o better_a for_o the_o pith_n be_v consume_v and_o if_o that_o be_v true_a as_o it_o must_v be_v so_o because_o the_o pith_n convey_v to_o the_o fruit_n a_o worse_a sort_n of_o juice_n than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o tree_n do_v and_o therefore_o be_v free_v from_o that_o infection_n by_o the_o consumption_n of_o the_o pith_n the_o fruit_n become_v more_o choice_n and_o delicate_a and_o that_o the_o pith_n be_v the_o conveyance_n of_o a_o courser_n or_o other_o sort_n of_o juice_n be_v render_v in_o some_o sort_n probable_a because_o as_o have_v be_v before_o observe_v the_o kernel_n of_o fruit_n depend_v much_o upon_o the_o pith_n which_o almost_o never_o produce_v such_o good_a fruit_n as_o the_o seed_n or_o stone_n come_v out_o of_o but_o general_o much_o worse_a tree_n reasins_z why_o every_o one_o ought_v to_o graft_v plant_n and_o raise_v his_o own_o tree_n §_o 14._o because_o most_o man_n be_v through_o ignorance_n indifferent_a whether_o they_o have_v fruit-tree_n of_o their_o own_o or_o
the_o first_o year_n and_o shall_v be_v thus_o order_v viz._n stretch_v a_o line_n from_o one_o end_n to_o the_o other_o where_o the_o hedge_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o set_v the_o tree_n straight_o at_o the_o distance_n aforesaid_a afterward_o knock_v down_o a_o stake_n betwixt_o each_o tree_n then_o have_v straight_o long_a rod_n or_o pole_n of_o ash_n or_o the_o like_a tie_v a_o row_n of_o they_o from_o one_o end_n to_o the_o other_o about_o a_o foot_n from_o the_o ground_n fast_o to_o the_o stake_n with_o osier_n or_o such_o like_a or_o else_o nail_v they_o which_o be_v better_o and_o another_o row_n of_o rod_n a_o foot_n above_o they_o and_o so_o a_o three_o if_o need_v be_v according_a to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o young_a plant_n have_v thus_o do_v spread_v and_o tie_v the_o branch_n of_o the_o twig_n of_o the_o tree_n in_o order_n to_o the_o pole_n but_o not_o too_o hard_a and_o draw_v and_o fasten_v some_o of_o they_o down_o close_o to_o the_o ground_n that_o so_o there_o may_v be_v blossom_n and_o fruit_n from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o top_n which_o will_v be_v a_o beautiful_a sight_n in_o the_o spring_n and_o summer_n then_o after_o a_o few_o year_n the_o stake_n and_o pole_n may_v be_v take_v away_o and_o the_o branch_n plait_v and_o weave_v one_o within_o another_o from_o year_n to_o year_n and_o the_o superfluous_a one_o cut_v off_o tree_n reason_n for_o a_o large_a distance_n in_o set_v tree_n §_o 4._o for_o many_o respect_n tree_n ought_v to_o be_v plant_v at_o a_o large_a distance_n especial_o for_o the_o follow_a reason_n 1._o the_o plantation_n will_v be_v little_a annoyance_n to_o the_o land_n if_o either_o you_o set_v goosberry_n currens_fw-la raspberry_n strawberry_n or_o garden_n stuff_n in_o it_o sow_v corn_n on_o it_o while_o the_o tree_n be_v young_a or_o graze_v it_o when_o they_o be_v grow_v up_o 2._o whereas_o some_o say_v the_o more_o tree_n the_o more_o fruit_n that_o be_v absolute_o false_a for_o when_o they_o be_v set_v so_o close_o that_o the_o sun_n can_v have_v a_o good_a influence_n on_o they_o by_o refresh_v the_o root_n body_n branch_n blossom_n and_o fruit_n they_o bear_v poor_o and_o ripen_v worse_o and_o close-set_a tree_n in_o a_o few_o year_n when_o they_o shall_v bear_v fruit_n crowd_n fret_v and_o gall_v one_o another_o and_o by_o rub_v often_o cause_n the_o canker_n 3._o they_o can_v grow_v to_o be_v tree_n of_o that_o size_n as_o they_o will_v if_o the_o land_n be_v good_a be_v set_v at_o a_o good_a distance_n and_o some_o kind_n of_o tree_n be_v of_o strong_a and_o swift_a growth_n than_o other_o will_v so_o domineer_v over_o their_o neighbour_n that_o they_o will_v make_v they_o almost_o good_a for_o nothing_o and_o one_o tree_n that_o be_v set_v at_o a_o fair_a distance_n will_v bear_v often_o and_o more_o fruit_n than_o three_o or_o four_o tree_n set_v close_o as_o be_v daily_o see_v by_o some_o appletree_n that_o grow_v single_a or_o in_o a_o hedge_n 4._o you_o may_v plant_v betwixt_o every_o tree_n a_o cherrytree_n plum-tree_n or_o codling-tree_n which_o may_v grow_v up_o and_o bear_v with_o the_o other_o tree_n many_o year_n and_o never_o reach_v or_o prejudice_n they_o but_o will_v decay_v before_o the_o other_o be_v at_o full_a growth_n or_o you_o may_v set_v a_o young_a appletree_n or_o pear-tree_n betwixt_o every_o two_o of_o your_o standard_n that_o you_o set_v in_o the_o orchard_n and_o nurse_v it_o up_o with_o necessary_a dress_n and_o prune_v seven_o or_o eight_o year_n or_o less_o time_n to_o transplant_v into_o field_n or_o pasture-land_n where_o cattle_n feed_v whereby_o with_o little_a help_n it_o will_v not_o be_v in_o such_o danger_n of_o hurt_n from_o cattle_n as_o small_a one_o will_v and_o bear_v fruit_n soon_o after_o it_o be_v set_v and_o you_o can_v let_v they_o grow_v so_o long_o in_o your_o nursery_n without_o gall_v fret_a or_o hurt_v one_o another_o unless_o when_o you_o remove_v tree_n out_o of_o your_o nursery_n you_o take_v care_n to_o leave_v every_o other_o tree_n whereby_o they_o may_v have_v liberty_n to_o grow_v big_a and_o so_o more_o fit_a for_o your_o field_n as_o for_o standard_n cherry-tree_n plum-tree_n and_o the_o like_a six_o yard_n distance_n be_v the_o most_o convenient_a unless_o the_o ground_n be_v exceed_o rich_a and_o then_o a_o great_a distance_n as_o seven_o or_o eight_o yard_n asunder_o chap._n vii_o choice_n of_o ground_n for_o a_o orchard_n and_o the_o order_n it_o so_o far_o as_o it_o lie_v in_o one_o power_n to_o choose_v a_o plot_n of_o ground_n for_o a_o orchard_n let_v it_o be_v do_v with_o respect_n to_o the_o follow_a advantage_n §_o 1._o it_o shall_v lie_v convenient_o near_o he_o decline_v and_o lie_v open_a towards_o the_o south_n southeast_n or_o south-west_n and_o defend_v from_o the_o north_n north-east_n and_o northwest_o wind_n by_o building_n wood_n or_o high_a ground_n the_o land_n shall_v rather_o incline_v to_o dryness_n than_o moisture_n without_o spring_n the_o soil_n deep_a and_o a_o fat_a earth_n not_o a_o stiff_a cold_a clay_n or_o bind_v gravel_n nor_o a_o light_n sandy_a esky_a or_o hollow_a earth_n yet_o with_o good_a husbandry_n if_o it_o run_v not_o into_o the_o extreme_n of_o any_o of_o these_o fruit-tree_n may_v prosper_v reasonable_o well_o in_o it_o §_o 2._o the_o natural_a soil_n for_o a_o orchard_n be_v more_o to_o be_v respect_v than_o a_o garden_n for_o the_o garden_n fruit-tree_n and_o what_o else_o grow_v there_o root_v little_o deep_o than_o it_o may_v be_v easy_o manure_v but_o pear-tree_n and_o appletree_n in_o orchard_n shall_v grow_v to_o be_v large_a tree_n and_o therefore_o send_v forth_o root_n broad_a and_o deep_a so_o that_o it_o transcend_v all_o cost_n and_o pain_n to_o enrich_v the_o ground_n for_o they_o as_o far_o as_o the_o root_n every_o way_n reach_v §_o 3._o but_o they_o that_o be_v seat_v or_o fix_v in_o any_o place_n and_o can_v convenient_o change_v their_o habitation_n must_v be_v content_a with_o their_o own_o and_o if_o any_o defect_n or_o disadvantage_n be_v in_o it_o it_o may_v be_v it_o have_v some_o advantage_n that_o another_o want_n if_o it_o lie_v to_o the_o north_n the_o tree_n bud_n and_o blossom_n the_o late_a and_o many_o time_n the_o fruit_n thereby_o succeed_v the_o better_a and_o be_v free_a from_o the_o injurious_a south-wind_n in_o the_o autumnal_a season_n §_o 4._o if_o it_o lie_v to_o the_o east_n it_o have_v not_o only_o the_o advantage_n of_o be_v late_a bud_v and_o blow_v because_o of_o the_o cold_a easterly_a wind_n in_o the_o spring_n but_o the_o fruit_n ripen_v the_o better_a the_o morning_n sun_n in_o the_o summer_n be_v by_o much_o the_o best_a and_o the_o fruit_n free_v from_o the_o western_a wind_n which_o with_o the_o south_n be_v the_o worst_a §_o 5._o if_o your_o land_n be_v on_o a_o dry_a or_o rise_a ground_n you_o may_v plant_v they_o the_o thick_a which_o will_v cover_v and_o shade_v the_o ground_n the_o soon_o and_o make_v they_o bear_v the_o better_a the_o fruit_n will_v also_o yield_v a_o more_o vinous_a liquor_n §_o 6._o if_o your_o ground_n lie_v in_o a_o cold_a moist_a vale_n the_o soon_o may_v you_o raise_v a_o natural_a fence_n about_o it_o to_o defend_v your_o tree_n from_o cold_a wind_n and_o stiff_a gust_n which_o diverse_o annoy_v your_o tree_n and_o fruit_n and_o i_o once_o know_v a_o person_n that_o have_v a_o cold_a moist_a flat_a springey_a plot_n of_o ground_n who_o cause_v double_a ditch_n to_o be_v make_v therein_o at_o ten_o yard_n distance_n each_o from_o other_o and_o about_o a_o ell_n high_a upon_o these_o ditch_n he_o plant_v appletree_n each_o ten_o yard_n distant_a from_o another_o which_o tree_n do_v grow_v prosper_v and_o bear_v exceed_v well_o §_o 7._o but_o if_o you_o have_v liberty_n to_o choose_v what_o land_n you_o will_v for_o plant_v of_o fruit-tree_n observe_v the_o direction_n give_v in_o the_o first_o section_n of_o this_o chap._n and_o choose_v a_o warm_a light_a rye-land_n or_o either_o a_o black_a or_o brown_a mould_n if_o with_o a_o mixture_n of_o sand_n so_o much_o the_o better_a but_o the_o heavy_a cold_a and_o moist_a wheatland_n be_v not_o so_o good_a §_o 8._o if_o the_o ground_n be_v very_o light_a and_o rich_a of_o it_o self_n or_o so_o make_v by_o improvement_n several_a sort_n of_o appletree_n especial_o the_o pippin_n will_v be_v so_o apt_a to_o canker_n that_o they_o will_v scarce_o ever_o be_v large_a tree_n therefore_o a_o firm_a and_o strong_a land_n be_v best_o for_o winter_n or_o long_a last_a fruit_n but_o for_o summer-fruit_n land_n can_v be_v too_o light_a the_o more_o it_o incline_v to_o redness_n the_o better_a ground_n how_o to_o qualify_v the_o ground_n §_o 9_o if_o
be_v from_o the_o full_a of_o the_o leaf_n until_o candlemas_n the_o season_n to_o increase_v tree_n by_o lay_v be_v from_o michaelmas_n to_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n and_o sometime_o in_o the_o spring_n or_o summer_n caap._n xx._n of_o medlar_n and_o service-tree_n there_o be_v three_o or_o four_o sort_n of_o medlar_n the_o big_a sort_n call_v the_o great_a dutch_a medlar_n without_o any_o thorn_n upon_o the_o branch_n be_v the_o best_a and_o a_o good_a bearer_n the_o common_a have_v thorn_n upon_o the_o branch_n and_o there_o be_v another_o sort_n without_o any_o stone_n in_o the_o fruit._n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o service_n one_o large_a than_o the_o other_o that_o grow_v wild_a in_o the_o wood_n but_o neither_o the_o sort_n of_o these_o nor_o of_o medlar_n be_v distinguish_v by_o name_n and_o the_o fruit_n of_o both_o be_v not_o eatable_a till_o they_o be_v rot_v medlar_n be_v raise_v by_o graft_v on_o the_o pear-tree_n crabtree_n white-thorn_n or_o service-tree_n the_o last_o be_v the_o best_a and_o the_o white-thorn_n by_o much_o the_o worst_a you_o may_v get_v plant_n of_o service_n out_o of_o the_o wood_n where_o they_o grow_v wild_a from_o which_o you_o may_v raise_v service-tree_n or_o stock_n for_o medlar_n or_o if_o you_o can_v get_v none_o such_o graft_v the_o service_n on_o the_o wickey-berry_n tree_n or_o the_o white-thorn_n chap._n xxi_o of_o goosberry_n currant_n raspherry_n and_o barberry_n §_o 1._o goosberry_n so_o call_v from_o the_o use_n that_o have_v a_o long_a time_n be_v make_v of_o they_o goosberry_n goosberry_n in_o the_o kitchen_n when_o green_a goose_n be_v in_o season_n there_o be_v some_o variety_n of_o goosberry_n the_o best_a sort_n be_v the_o amber_n and_o great_a hedgehog_n goosberry_n which_o be_v prickly_a but_o the_o other_o smooth_a both_o of_o a_o bright_a yellow_a colour_n and_o the_o great_a white_a holland_n or_o dutch_a goosberry_n which_o be_v large_a transparent_a and_o a_o great_a bearer_n the_o great_a yellow_a dutch_a goosberry_n differ_v from_o the_o last_o only_o in_o colour_n the_o great_a early_o red_a goosberry_n be_v a_o fine_a sharp_a pleasant_a fruit_n and_o first_o ripe_a there_o be_v likewise_o some_o that_o be_v blue_a differ_v little_a from_o the_o former_a but_o late_o ripe_a and_o the_o great_a green_a goosberry_n late_o ripe_a but_o good_a and_o there_o be_v several_a small_a goosberry_n not_o worth_a plant_v or_o take_v notice_n of_o §_o 2._o curran_n or_o corinth_n curran_n curran_n take_v their_o name_n from_o corinthia_n where_o first_o have_v the_o great_a white_a dutch_a curran_n and_o the_o great_a red_a dutch_a curran_n be_v the_o fair_a large_a and_o best_a and_o the_o great_a yellow_a dutch_a curran_n differ_v only_o in_o colour_n all_o other_o be_v to_o be_v eject_v out_o of_o your_o garden_n the_o english_a and_o black_a curran_n not_o be_v worth_a plant_v in_o comparison_n with_o the_o white_a and_o red_a dutch_a curran_n the_o great_a dark-red_n dutch_n curran_n be_v large_a and_o have_v a_o sweet_a relish_n and_o since_o it_o become_v a_o native_a of_o our_o soil_n be_v much_o improve_v where_o plant_v in_o rich_a moist_a ground_n §_o 3._o of_o barberry_n there_o be_v the_o ordinary_a barberry_n barberry_n or_o common_a sort_n and_o barberry_n without_o stone_n and_o the_o great_a barberry_n which_o be_v a_o sort_n bear_v big_a fruit_n than_o either_o of_o the_o other_o of_o raspberry_n there_o be_v three_o sort_n raspberry_n raspberry_n the_o common_a wild_a the_o large_a red_a garden_n rasberry_n a_o pleasant_a fruit_n and_o yield_v a_o delicate_a juice_n and_o the_o white_a rasberry_n little_a inferior_a to_o the_o red._n goosberry_n currant_n raspberry_n and_o barberry_n be_v best_a raise_v by_o sucker_n of_o which_o you_o may_v have_v plenty_n about_o the_o root_n of_o old_a tree_n and_o goosberry_n and_o curran_n may_v be_v propagate_v by_o layer_n or_o by_o branch_n or_o shoot_v cut_v off_o and_o set_v they_o be_v to_o be_v set_v four_o or_o five_o foot_n distant_a from_o each_o other_o upon_o border_n or_o bed_n of_o rich_a moist_a land_n the_o season_n for_o plant_v they_o be_v from_o michaelmas_n to_o candlemas_n curran_n and_o raspberry_n will_v prosper_v and_o like_v very_o well_o in_o shady_a place_n and_o the_o cold_a the_o soil_n the_o better_a will_v raspberry_n bear_v and_o thrive_v raspberry_n usual_o bear_v the_o same_o year_n they_o be_v set_v if_o drought_n or_o too_o late_o plant_v hinder_v not_o and_o that_o which_o bear_v this_o year_n die_v after_o bear_v and_o what_o spring_v new_a this_o year_n bear_v the_o next_o cut_v no_o more_o of_o they_o than_o what_o will_v make_v they_o a_o little_a handsome_a and_o in_o the_o winter_n cut_v or_o break_v out_o all_o the_o dead_a stalk_n from_o among_o the_o live_a raspberry_n when_o curran_n goosberry_n and_o barberry_n have_v grow_v some_o year_n suffer_v not_o too_o many_o sucker_n to_o grow_v about_o they_o nor_o cut_v the_o top_n to_o a_o round_a close_a bush_n as_o many_o gardiner_n do_v whereby_o they_o grow_v so_o thick_a that_o they_o neither_o bear_v nor_o ripen_v their_o fruit_n so_o well_o as_o if_o the_o grow_v tall_a and_o thin_a all_o the_o say_a fruit_n viz._n goosberry_n currant_n barberry_n and_o raspberry_n like_o well_o in_o shade_n though_o the_o fruit_n be_v not_o of_o so_o delicate_a a_o taste_n as_o those_o that_o grow_v in_o the_o sun_n you_o ought_v to_o keep_v the_o ground_n about_o they_o free_a from_o weed_n and_o other_o vegetable_n and_o to_o dig_v and_o well_o manure_v it_o each_o two_o year_n at_o michaelmas_n and_o yearly_a with_o a_o pair_n of_o shears_n about_o fourteen_o day_n before_o midsummer_n dub_v the_o top_n of_o curran_n and_o goosberry_n and_o they_o will_v bear_v better_o do_v the_o like_a at_o michaelmas_n chap._n xxii_o of_o the_o kind_n of_o peach_n and_o nectarin_n §_o 1._o the_o stone_n of_o peach_n produce_v tree_n that_o will_v bear_v peach_n sometime_o better_o than_o the_o peach_v out_o of_o which_o the_o stone_n be_v take_v although_o those_o peach_n grow_v upon_o a_o tree_n that_o be_v inoculate_v on_o a_o plum-stock_n and_o therefore_o some_o gardiner_n by_o set_v many_o stone_n of_o the_o newington-peach_n have_v find_v some_o among_o the_o tree_n come_v up_o from_o they_o to_o bear_v a_o fruit_n rather_o improve_v than_o worse_a and_o by_o give_v it_o a_o new_a name_n and_o inoculate_v from_o it_o have_v make_v good_a gain_n of_o it_o but_o this_o be_v not_o a_o practice_n for_o every_o private_a person_n because_o peach-tree_n so_o raise_v will_v be_v much_o long_o before_o they_o bear_v fruit_n than_o those_o which_o be_v inoculate_v and_o because_o he_o must_v run_v the_o hazard_n of_o fill_v great_a part_n of_o his_o wall_n with_o these_o peach-tree_n thus_o raise_v from_o stone_n and_o not_o one_o it_o may_v be_v in_o a_o hundred_o prove_v any_o thing_n extraordinary_a and_o the_o rest_n of_o no_o use_n unless_o for_o stock_n after_o he_o have_v wait_v several_a year_n to_o see_v what_o fruit_n they_o will_v bear_v §_o 2._o of_o peach_n the_o first_o and_o soon_a ripe_a be_v the_o white_a nutmeg_n next_o that_o be_v the_o red_a nutmeg_n next_o to_o that_o be_v the_o troy_n which_o be_v ripe_a almost_o as_o soon_o and_o a_o better_a fruit_n next_o ripe_a be_v the_o isabel_n savoy_n early_n newigton_n bordeaux_n old_a newington_n violet_n muscat_n persian_n modenae_fw-la morello_n rumbullian_n scarlet_a bellice_n royal_a ricket_n bloody_a mounsieur_fw-fr one_o of_o the_o late_a and_o red_a within_o and_o without_o and_o a_o excellent_a fruit._n peach_n these_o be_v account_v excellent_a kind_n of_o peach_n and_o there_o be_v many_o other_o good_a sort_n beside_o these_o and_o so_o there_o be_v of_o apple_n pear_n etc._n etc._n more_o than_o be_v mention_v in_o this_o book_n or_o be_v necessary_a to_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o some_o choice_a fruit_n of_o every_o kind_n be_v here_o nominate_v for_o every_o one_o to_o please_v his_o fancy_n with_o or_o store_v himself_o with_o they_o or_o other_o as_o he_o approve_v they_o or_o have_v convenience_n so_o to_o do_v the_o best_a nectarine_n be_v nectarins_n nectarins_n the_o red_a roman_a murry_n tawny_a paper_n white_a nectarin_n there_o be_v other_o though_o worse_o sort_v as_o the_o yellow_a paint_a russet_a red_a nectarine_n the_o algiers_n nectarine_n be_v commend_v by_o some_o because_o it_o part_v easy_o from_o the_o stone_n chap._n xxiii_o of_o the_o kind_n of_o apricok_n and_o strawberry_n apricok_n so_o call_v from_o apricus_fw-la delight_v in_o the_o sun_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o plum_n but_o far_o exceed_v other_o in_o every_o respect_n the_o algiers_n apricock_n be_v early_o ripe_a and_o in_o june_n it_o be_v a_o small_a round_a and_o yellow_a fruit._n the_o masculine_a apricock_n be_v a_o better_a and_o early_a fruit_n
one_o of_o the_o best_a for_o profit_n and_o service_n it_o be_v a_o fair_a large_a well_o relish_v fruit_n have_v little_a core_n in_o it_o and_o keep_v and_o last_v well_o till_o the_o follow_a may_n the_o tree_n be_v quick_a and_o large_a grower_n and_o will_v prosper_v well_o upon_o courser_n land_n than_o other_o pippin_n and_o the_o tree_n be_v great_a bearer_n and_o the_o fruit_n good_a for_o any_o culinary_a use_n and_o it_o be_v a_o excellent_a sort_n to_o be_v propagate_v on_o mean_a soil_n and_o where_o better_a soil_n be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v and_o for_o the_o northern_a part_n there_o also_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o renating_n very_a choice_n and_o good_a apple_n as_o the_o goldin-renating_a the_o lincoln-renating_a etc._n etc._n in_o plant_v winter_n fruit_n the_o best_a course_n be_v to_o plant_v several_a tree_n of_o some_o few_o of_o the_o best_a kind_n after_o you_o have_v find_v what_o sort_n prosper_v best_a in_o your_o soil_n for_o many_o sort_n will_v be_v troublesome_a in_o gather_v and_o keep_v they_o several_o when_o you_o have_v do_v long_o last_v keep_v and_o fair_a fruit_n and_o apple_n will_v not_o only_o adorn_v your_o table_n but_o yield_v you_o most_o profit_n and_o service_n §_o 4._o for_o cider_n fruit_n the_o red-streak_a bromsberry-crab_n golden-pippin_n gennet-moil_n westbury-apple_n cyder-fruit_n cyder-fruit_n the_o white_a and_o red_a must-apple_n the_o john-apple_n under-leaf_n winter-fillet_n elleot_n stocken-apple_n bitter-scale_n claret-wine-apple_n arrier-apple_n richards_n or_o grange-apple_n coling-apple_n olive-apple_n fox-whelp_n pippin_n and_o pearmains_n mix_v gilliflower-apple_n but_o above_o all_o cider_n fruit_n the_o red-streak_a be_v most_o celebrate_v for_o its_o juice_n of_o any_o apple_n the_o english_a soil_n afford_v it_o be_v one_o sort_n of_o wilding_n of_o herefordshire_n and_o for_o the_o excellent_a liquor_n it_o yield_v be_v now_o spread_v into_o most_o part_n of_o england_n there_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o they_o as_o the_o summer_n winter_n yellow_a more-green_a and_o the_o red_a redstreak_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o more_o red_a than_o the_o other_o the_o redstreak_n shall_v be_v plant_v for_o cider_n rather_o than_o any_o other_o fruit_n and_o that_o for_o the_o follow_a reason_n 1._o because_o it_o yield_v the_o best_a of_o english_a drink_n 2._o because_o the_o fruit_n be_v harsh_a and_o unpleasant_a and_o though_o keep_v long_o tempt_v not_o the_o palate_n of_o lewd_a person_n 3._o the_o tree_n thrive_v in_o as_o mean_a land_n as_o any_o other_o apple_n whatsoever_o be_v a_o spontaneous_a plant_n at_o first_o 4._o it_o be_v a_o constant_a bearer_n be_v a_o wilding_n endure_v more_o than_o the_o grater_n part_n of_o other_o fruit_n the_o severity_n of_o sharp_a spring_n often_o destructive_a to_o those_o that_o be_v more_o tender_a 5._o the_o tree_n bear_v in_o a_o few_o year_n after_o graft_v recompense_v betimes_o the_o industry_n and_o cost_n of_o the_o planter_n the_o delay_n whereof_o in_o other_o fruit_n have_v be_v a_o principal_a obstacle_n to_o the_o great_a design_n of_o plant_v 6._o the_o tree_n be_v low_a and_o humble_a and_o so_o more_o of_o they_o may_v be_v plant_v in_o a_o like_a quantity_n of_o ground_n than_o the_o tall_a tree_n which_o shade_n the_o ground_n more_o 7._o the_o lowness_n of_o the_o tree_n prevent_v the_o sharp_a wind_n in_o the_o spring_n and_o the_o fruit_n of_o they_o be_v not_o so_o apt_a to_o be_v blow_v off_o in_o autumn_n 8._o the_o fruit_n exceed_v all_o other_o apple_n in_o the_o kitchen_n for_o the_o time_n they_o last_v pippin_n golden_a pippin_n but_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o cider_n make_v of_o the_o redstreak_n be_v not_o in_o all_o place_n alike_o although_o it_o be_v a_o curious_a liquor_n excel_v most_o cyder_n in_o most_o place_n yet_o in_o some_o land_n other_o apple_n may_v make_v a_o better_a cider_n as_o the_o golden-pippin_n be_v a_o delicate_a apple_n yield_v a_o juice_n in_o many_o place_n exceed_v the_o redstreak_n so_o that_o if_o your_o land_n be_v rich_a incline_n to_o the_o pippin_n fruit_n the_o golden_a pippin_n merit_v a_o place_n in_o your_o plantation_n be_v a_o very_a great_a bearer_n and_o the_o fruit_n one_o of_o the_o best_a for_o the_o table_n as_o well_o as_o the_o mill_n and_o make_v a_o admirable_a and_o restaurative_a cider_n if_o the_o redstreak_n be_v keep_v till_o they_o be_v mellow_a the_o cider_n at_o first_o be_v very_o luscious_a if_o ground_n early_o then_o be_v the_o cider_n more_o racy_n crab._n boms_n burry_n crab._n the_o bromsbury_n crab_n be_v repute_v next_o to_o the_o redstreak_n for_o good_a cider_n and_o although_o it_o be_v little_a better_o than_o the_o common_a crab_n yet_o if_o keep_v on_o heap_n till_o almost_o christmas_n and_o then_o ground_n it_o yield_v a_o brisk_a poignant_a and_o very_o excellent_a cider_n must-apple_n white_a and_o red_a must-apple_n the_o white_a and_o red_a must-apple_n make_v a_o cider_n very_o good_a to_o be_v drink_v about_o christmas_n next_o follow_v the_o season_n of_o make_v cider_n the_o tree_n be_v of_o quick_a and_o large_a growth_n good_a bearer_n and_o 12_o or_o 14_o bushel_n or_o strike_v of_o they_o will_v make_v a_o hogshead_n of_o cider_n moil_n jennet_n moil_n the_o gennet-moil_n be_v once_o account_v the_o best_a cider_n fruit_n and_o still_o many_o gentleman_n that_o be_v cider_n master_n prefer_v it_o and_o preserve_v it_o for_o their_o own_o drink_v queening_a winter_n queening_a the_o winter-queening_a be_v not_o common_o use_v for_o cider_n yet_o it_o yield_v a_o strong_a and_o vinous_a liquor_n but_o so_o dry_a a_o fruit_n that_o 24_o bushel_n will_v go_v to_o make_v one_o hogshead_n the_o fruit_n must_v not_o be_v ground_n till_o very_o late_a in_o the_o year_n pearmains_n pippin_n and_o pearmains_n pippin_n and_o pearmains_n mix_v be_v much_o use_v and_o pippin_n alone_o make_v a_o strong_a and_o wholesome_a liquor_n apple_n westbury_n apple_n in_o hampshire_n near_o peterfield_n there_o be_v a_o fruit_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o westbury-apple_n so_o call_v from_o the_o village_n where_o the_o old_a tree_n stand_v that_o yield_v the_o graft_n to_o its_o neighbour_n it_o be_v a_o fair_a green_a and_o dark_a colour_a fruit_n have_v on_o the_o sunny_a side_n of_o they_o some_o red_a stripe_n the_o rind_n or_o peel_n exceed_v rough_a the_o flesh_n spungy_a and_o not_o incline_v to_o rot_v although_o rude_o handle_v if_o the_o fruit_n hang_v long_o enough_o on_o the_o tree_n until_o they_o be_v ripe_a which_o will_v be_v with_o the_o late_a this_o fruit_n be_v not_o to_o be_v eat_v by_o reason_n of_o its_o tough_a rough_a and_o austere_a substance_n and_o taste_n until_o christmas_n the_o may_v be_v keep_v until_o the_o midsummer_n follow_v and_o be_v to_o be_v prefer_v for_o any_o kitchen_n use_v the_o tree_n be_v great_a bearer_n and_o thrive_v in_o any_o cold_a and_o moist_a land_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a in_o barren_a land_n it_o be_v a_o natural_a fruit_n to_o this_o country_n and_o endure_v all_o weather_n and_o yield_v a_o excellent_a and_o plentiful_a juice_n for_o which_o property_n of_o be_v hardy_a unpallatable_a while_o on_o the_o tree_n a_o worse_a apple_n than_o it_o not_o be_v to_o be_v find_v well_o bear_v durable_a and_o usefullness_n the_o more_o ingenious_a neighbour_n have_v increase_v they_o of_o which_o fruit_n have_v be_v make_v cider_n far_o excel_v any_o redsstreak_n that_o can_v be_v there_o obtain_v and_o it_o be_v probable_a may_v exceed_v any_o other_o cyder_n so_o that_o the_o fruit_n be_v not_o ground_n until_o december_n at_o soon_a for_o all_o hard_a durable_a rough_a and_o sharp_a fruit_n make_v the_o worst_a cider_n if_o ground_n from_o the_o tree_n or_o soon_o after_o and_o the_o best_a when_o they_o have_v be_v keep_v until_o time_n have_v thorough_o digest_v their_o juice_n by_o lie_v on_o heap_n and_o there_o sweat_v apple_n john-apple_n deuxans_a or_o two-year-old_a apple_n the_o john-apple_n or_o two-year-old_a so_o call_v from_o its_o long_a last_a continue_v near_o two_o year_n be_v a_o apple_n not_o much_o unlike_o the_o westbury-apple_n last_o mention_v for_o it_o agree_v with_o all_o soil_n and_o where_o the_o pippin_n fruit_n be_v so_o subject_a to_o canker_n that_o its_o labour_n lose_v to_o plant_v they_o there_o this_o deuxans_a or_o john-apple_n flourish_v even_o to_o excess_n and_o its_o rind_n so_o clean_o that_o no_o other_o tree_n be_v to_o be_v compare_v to_o it_o the_o tree_n be_v more_o apt_a to_o aspire_v than_o any_o other_o appletree_n its_o branch_n grow_v very_o uniform_a and_o therefore_o may_v be_v plant_v near_o one_o to_o the_o other_o in_o row_v but_o those_o row_v at_o a_o fair_a distance_n whereby_o beautiful_a avenue_n may_v be_v make_v yield_v fruit_n as_o well_o as_o shade_n the_o tree_n be_v great_a bearer_n
and_o hardy_a against_o all_o wind_n and_o blast_n the_o fruit_n be_v so_o hard_a sharp_a and_o unpalatable_a from_o the_o tree_n that_o it_o be_v free_v from_o the_o danger_n sweet_a fruit_n be_v subject_a to_o they_o hang_v long_o on_o the_o tree_n before_o they_o be_v ripe_a and_o then_o be_v lay_v up_o until_o december_n or_o after_o and_o ground_n yield_v a_o very_a delicate_a cider_n which_o will_v soon_o ferment_n therefore_o must_v be_v draw_v off_o the_o lee_n in_o a_o few_o day_n this_o be_v a_o common_a and_o in_o some_o place_n but_o a_o hedg-fruit_n and_o yield_v but_o a_o thin_a sour_a juice_n be_v ground_n from_o the_o tree_n have_v be_v of_o late_o slight_v when_o in_o truth_n there_o be_v scarce_o a_o better_a fruit_n to_o be_v plant_v than_o this_o john-apple_n or_o two-year-old_a both_o for_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o tree_n it_o be_v quick_a growth_n it_o be_v like_v all_o ground_n great_a bearing_n endure_v all_o wether_n long_o last_v it_o be_v excellency_n for_o kitchen_n use_v and_o preference_n at_o the_o table_n when_o most_o other_o fruit_n be_v past_a observe_v that_o cider_n fruit_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o three_o class_n first_o such_o as_o be_v for_o make_v early_a cider_n or_o for_o present_a drink_v as_o the_o coddle_v and_o summer_n fruit_n etc._n etc._n second_o such_o that_o be_v for_o make_v the_o best_a rich_a oily_a spicy_a poignant_a and_o high_o relish_v cider_n and_o also_o long_o keep_v and_o last_v such_o be_v the_o redstreak_n bromsberry_n crab_n golden-pippin_n westbury-apple_n john-apple_n the_o several_a sort_n of_o must_n and_o fillet_n the_o elliot_n and_o stoken-apple_n etc._n etc._n three_o such_o that_o be_v useful_a fruit_n for_o the_o table_n yet_o make_v a_o very_a pleasant_a and_o acceptable_a cider_n and_o such_o be_v the_o pippin_n and_o pearmains_n gillyflower_n marigold-apple_n golden-renneting_a harvey-apple_n queen_a etc._n etc._n general_o all_o hard_a apple_n and_o wilding_n have_v a_o lively_a pert_a poignant_a brisk_a juice_n so_o that_o they_o come_v not_o too_o near_o the_o degree_n of_o stark_a crab_n make_v excellent_a cider_n but_o cider_n make_v of_o hard_a harsh_a fruit_n be_v not_o so_o soon_o ready_a for_o drink_v as_o that_o of_o summer_n fruit_n and_o those_o more_o pleasant_a that_o make_v of_o table_n fruit_n be_v early_a ripe_a be_v ready_a to_o drink_v so_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v well_o settle_a and_o clear_v but_o that_o of_o hard_a apple_n not_o till_o summer_n follow_v and_o will_v continue_v good_a for_o two_o or_o three_o year_n or_o long_o if_o keep_v in_o a_o cool_a cellar_n good_a vessel_n well_o stop_v and_o will_v improve_v in_o keep_v apple_n of_o plant_v several_a kind_n of_o apple_n some_o object_n that_o since_o one_o or_o two_o kind_n of_o fruit_n may_v be_v have_v very_o good_a for_o cider_n what_o occasion_n be_v there_o to_o plant_v of_o so_o many_o sort_n for_o answer_v they_o will_v find_v it_o advantageous_a to_o have_v several_a sort_n of_o fruit_n for_o cider_n for_o the_o follow_a consideration_n 1._o one_o sort_n of_o fruit-tree_n may_v and_o do_v bear_v one_o year_n when_o another_o fail_v 2._o cider_n make_v of_o some_o kind_n will_v be_v ready_a to_o drink_v soon_o than_o other_o and_o thereby_o you_o may_v have_v it_o successive_o for_o your_o use_n the_o must-cyder_n may_v be_v clear_a a_o month_n after_o make_v the_o gennet-moil_n a_o quarter_n of_o a_o year_n after_o the_o redstreak_n near_o half_a a_o year_n after_o though_o it_o be_v much_o improve_v by_o long_a keep_n 3._o you_o may_v make_v your_o cider_n with_o more_o ease_n the_o fruit_n you_o make_v it_o of_o ripen_v one_o after_o another_o 4._o though_o some_o fruit_n yield_v not_o so_o good_a cider_n as_o other_o yet_o the_o tree_n may_v be_v quick_a of_o growth_n bear_v more_o plentiful_o and_o last_v long_o than_o those_o that_o yield_v better_o and_o the_o palate_n of_o man_n be_v various_a some_o like_o one_o sort_n and_o some_o another_o and_o so_o all_o may_v be_v please_v 5._o some_o fruit-tree_n agree_v with_o the_o soil_n and_o climate_n better_o than_o other_o which_o you_o will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o know_v till_o you_o have_v make_v trial_n of_o several_a pear_n how_o to_o make_v a_o new_a kind_n of_o apple_n or_o pear_n graft_n one_o fruit_n on_o another_o many_o time_n over_o every_o year_n a_o different_a kind_n so_o that_o you_o keep_v to_o those_o kind_n that_o will_v grow_v together_o as_o first_o to_o graft_v a_o crabtree_n near_o the_o ground_n with_o some_o good_a kind_n of_o apple_n graft_n and_o the_o next_o year_n to_o graft_v that_o again_o a_o handful_n or_o two_o above_o where_o the_o first_o be_v graft_v and_o the_o next_o year_n to_o graft_v that_o second_o graft_n and_o so_o proceed_v for_o five_o or_o six_o year_n by_o set_v graft_n upon_o graft_n and_o this_o may_v probable_o make_v some_o alteration_n and_o commixture_n in_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o topmost_a graft_n though_o it_o be_v true_a every_o graft_n keep_v its_o own_o nature_n yet_o so_o as_o it_o receive_v some_o small_a alteration_n from_o the_o stock_n the_o sap_n thus_o arise_v and_o pass_v through_o so_o many_o kind_n of_o stock_n into_o the_o topmost_a may_v possible_o raise_v a_o new_a fruit._fw-la the_o more_o red_a any_o apple_n have_v in_o its_o rind_n the_o better_a for_o cider_n the_o pale_a the_o worse_o no_o sweet_a apple_n that_o have_v a_o rough_a rind_n be_v bad_a for_o cider_n if_o suffer_v especial_o to_o digest_v some_o time_n on_o heap_n as_o be_v hereafter_o direct_v chap._n 29._o sect._n 3_o mixture_n of_o fruit_n be_v of_o great_a advantage_n to_o your_o cider_n the_o mean_a apple_n mix_v make_v as_o good_a cider_n as_o the_o best_a alone_a except_o the_o redstreak_n and_o some_o few_o celebrate_a apple_n for_o that_o purpose_n but_o always_o observe_v that_o the_o apple_n so_o mix_v be_v of_o equal_a ripeness_n chap._n xxviii_o of_o annoyance_n to_o fruit-tree_n canker_n concern_v moss_n or_o canker_n §_o 1._o the_o nature_n of_o soil_n be_v the_o chief_a cause_n of_o the_o moss_n and_o canker_n and_o therefore_o without_o alter_v the_o one_o you_o can_v scarce_o prevent_v the_o other_o however_o you_o may_v with_o a_o hair_n cloth_n rub_v the_o moss_n off_o after_o rain_n or_o as_o some_o say_v burn_v it_o with_o a_o bottle_n of_o straw_n under_o the_o tree_n but_o if_o you_o only_o scrape_v or_o rub_v off_o the_o moss_n in_o few_o year_n they_o will_v be_v as_o much_o annoy_v therewith_o as_o ever_o because_o mossiness_n be_v cause_v by_o over_o coldness_n of_o the_o ground_n as_o in_o the_o waterish_a and_o clay_n ground_n and_o likewise_o by_o barrenness_n of_o the_o soil_n if_o the_o coldness_n proceed_v from_o over_o much_o moisture_n lay_v it_o dryer_n by_o trench_v the_o ground_n if_o clay_n ground_n then_o mix_v warm_a soil_n therewith_o as_o you_o be_v before_o teach_v at_o chap._n 7._o sect._n 10._o yet_o be_v sure_a you_o take_v away_o the_o present_a moss_n all_o canker_n filth_n and_o worm_n must_v be_v pick_v clean_o off_o and_o bind_v some_o clay_n well_o mix_v with_o hay_n about_o the_o canker_a place_n if_o the_o tree_n grow_v but_o poor_o which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n cause_v by_o the_o ill_a temper_n of_o the_o soil_n open_v the_o ground_n about_o the_o root_n and_o put_v in_o some_o manure_n proper_a to_o cure_v it_o the_o canker_n assault_v general_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o fruit-tree_n as_o the_o pippin_n pearmain_n harvy-apple_n golden_a rennet_n etc._n etc._n of_o pear_n the_o warden_n of_o all_o sort_n burgamot_n etc._n etc._n and_o it_o sometime_o come_v by_o gall_v and_o fret_v of_o bough_n on_o each_o other_o and_o sometime_o by_o set_v tree_n not_o shallow_a but_o too_o deep_a as_o well_o as_o by_o barrenness_n of_o soil_n and_o sometime_o it_o come_v by_o break_v off_o bough_n which_o shall_v be_v cut_v off_o close_o to_o the_o tree_n though_o in_o the_o summer_n and_o cattle_n nip_a off_o the_o bud_n or_o piece_n of_o the_o tree_n or_o unseasonable_a prune_v raise_v of_o stock_n from_o crab_n kernel_n in_o the_o same_o land_n and_o graft_v on_o after_o once_o remove_v and_o place_v where_o they_o be_v to_o grow_v and_o be_v graft_v prevent_v the_o canker_n to_o cure_v the_o canker_n at_o present_a cut_v it_o out_o if_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o body_n or_o great_a bough_n of_o tree_n and_o wash_v the_o place_n with_o cowdung_n and_o urine_n mix_v and_o then_o cover_v the_o place_n with_o clay_n mix_v with_o horse-dung_n and_o cut_v off_o the_o small_a branch_n that_o be_v dead_a however_o stop_v the_o cause_n by_o amend_v the_o soil_n at_o root_n with_o proper_a manure_n as_o the_o dung_n of_o hog_n pigeon_n poultry_n horse_n cow_n the_o sediment_n of_o pool_n pond_n
the_o tree_n or_o by_o take_v they_o with_o bird-lime_n crow_n will_v be_v fright_v if_o you_o kill_v one_o or_o two_o of_o they_o and_o pull_v it_o in_o piece_n and_o scatter_v the_o piece_n about_o the_o tree_n they_o will_v not_o come_v their_o again_z whilst_o the_o feather_n be_v any_o thing_n fresh_a but_o magpie_n jackdaw_n jay_n be_v not_o to_o be_v fright_v from_o your_o cherry_n but_o kill_v as_o they_o come_v with_o a_o gun_n and_o that_o early_a in_o the_o morning_n earwiggs_n earwiggs_n §_o 15._o earwig_n be_v destroy_v by_o set_v oxhoof_n cane_n or_o any_o hollow_a thing_n near_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o among_o the_o bough_n upon_o the_o end_n of_o stick_n and_o they_o will_v creep_v in_o and_o lie_v there_o then_o take_v off_o these_o hoof_n quick_o and_o shake_v they_o and_o crush_v they_o on_o the_o ground_n with_o your_o foot_n cattle_n cattle_n §_o 16._o cattle_n wheresoever_o they_o come_v among_o tree_n be_v a_o mighty_a and_o mischievous_a enemy_n if_o the_o bough_n be_v within_o their_o reach_n for_o then_o they_o will_v bite_v off_o the_o end_n of_o all_o and_o thereby_o with_o their_o tooth_n so_o bruise_v the_o end_n of_o the_o bough_n and_o shoot_v that_o the_o tree_n seldom_n thrive_v of_o many_o year_n if_o ever_o afterward_o where_o this_o misfortune_n happen_v to_o any_o tree_n the_o only_a remedy_n be_v to_o cut_v off_o at_o some_o sprig_n or_o bud_n so_o much_o as_o they_o have_v have_v in_o their_o mouth_n or_o be_v bruise_v by_o their_o tooth_n and_o fence_v your_o orchard_n well_o from_o they_o or_o else_o which_o be_v the_o sure_a way_n not_o to_o let_v your_o tree_n begin_v to_o spread_v before_o they_o be_v six_o or_o seven_o foot_n high_a of_o the_o trunk_n or_o body_n and_o so_o prune_v up_o that_o all_o the_o bough_n and_o every_o part_n of_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o the_o ground_n as_o will_v be_v impossible_a for_o cattle_n to_o reach_v deep_a set_v too_o deep_a §_o 17._o although_o the_o set_a tree_n too_o deep_a and_o below_o the_o good_a soil_n be_v no_o disease_n yet_o it_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o many_o disease_n to_o your_o fruit-tree_n as_o moss_n barkbound_n canker_n etc._n etc._n therefore_o careful_o to_o be_v avoid_v set_v shallow_a be_v attend_v with_o no_o other_o inconvenience_n but_o that_o the_o tree_n be_v sometime_o blow_v down_o if_o not_o stake_v the_o first_o two_o year_n chap._n xxix_o of_o gather_v fruit_n and_o the_o best_a way_n of_o make_v cider_n §_o 1._o in_o gather_v of_o fruit_n be_v careful_a that_o the_o branch_n of_o your_o tree_n be_v not_o batter_v and_o break_v §_o 2._o such_o as_o you_o design_v to_o keep_v any_o time_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v shake_v off_o the_o tree_n because_o of_o bruise_v but_o pick_v off_o with_o your_o hand_n be_v sure_o the_o fruit_n you_o gather_v be_v thorough_o ripe_a which_o you_o may_v know_v by_o its_o beginning_n to_o drop_v or_o by_o cut_v a_o apple_n and_o see_v the_o kernel_n turn_v black_a let_v the_o wether_n be_v fair_a and_o dry_a when_o you_o gather_v and_o no_o dew_n upon_o the_o tree_n lay_v up_o what_o you_o thus_o gather_v in_o a_o close_a but_o a_o sweet_a room_n upon_o a_o board_v but_o not_o with_o deal_n floor_n and_o not_o on_o a_o clay_n or_o plaster_v floor_n and_o lay_v they_o up_o without_o any_o green_a leave_n or_o stick_v among_o they_o as_o you_o find_v any_o in_o your_o heap_n rot_v pick_v they_o out_o and_o in_o frost_n cover_v they_o with_o straw_n or_o straw_n mat_n and_o also_o hang_v in_o sharp_a frost_n blanket_n before_o the_o window_n to_o keep_v out_o the_o frost_n lay_v every_o kind_n by_o themselves_o if_o you_o have_v some_o pear_n that_o be_v choice_n and_o last_a wrap_v they_o up_o in_o paper_n and_o lay_v they_o one_o by_o one_o upon_o shelf_n or_o hang_v they_o up_o by_o the_o stalk_n and_o keep_v out_o the_o air_n from_o they_o as_o much_o as_o you_o can_v §_o 3._o in_o gather_v cider_n fruit_n you_o must_v be_v sure_a to_o let_v they_o be_v well_o ripe_a on_o the_o tree_n mill._n gather_v of_o cider_n fruit_n and_o prepare_v it_o for_o the_o mill._n for_o there_o be_v much_o cider_n spoil_v because_o the_o apple_n be_v ground_n before_o they_o be_v ripe_a and_o all_o fruit_n yield_v a_o different_a liquor_n according_a to_o the_o different_a degree_n of_o maturity_n of_o the_o same_o fruit_n for_o when_o it_o be_v most_o ripe_a it_o yield_v a_o rich_a pleasant_a and_o more_o last_a drink_n but_o if_o press_v before_o ripe_a though_o it_o yield_v a_o great_a quantity_n yet_o it_o be_v but_o a_o thin_a raw_a crude_a sour_a phlegmatic_a and_o unwholesome_a drink_n therefore_o if_o your_o fruit_n be_v not_o ripe_a all_o at_o one_o time_n select_v such_o sort_n as_o be_v of_o a_o like_a degree_n of_o maturity_n or_o if_o the_o wind_n beat_v down_o many_o and_o you_o be_v unwilling_a to_o spoil_v or_o lose_v they_o let_v they_o lie_v dry_a as_o long_o as_o you_o can_v before_o you_o grind_v they_o to_o obtain_v as_o great_a a_o degree_n of_o ripeness_n as_o they_o can_v and_o let_v that_o cider_n be_v thorough_o ferment_v before_o barreled_a and_o the_o first_o that_o be_v spend_v neither_o mix_v ripe_a with_o unripe_a fruit_n not_o aught_o you_o to_o permit_v some_o sort_n of_o fruit_n be_v too_o ripe_a because_o it_o then_o grow_v pulpy_a in_o grind_v and_o will_v not_o yield_v its_o liquor_n unless_o some_o water_n be_v mix_v therewith_o your_o choice_a summer_n fruit_n be_v some_o of_o they_o as_o also_o the_o pippin_n and_o renating_n subject_a to_o pulpiness_n if_o full_a ripe_a lay_v such_o fruit_n by_o themselves_o to_o be_v ground_n and_o press_v for_o cyderkin_n that_o be_v break_v but_o a_o small_a bruise_n do_v not_o much_o injury_n your_o apple_n be_v well_o ripe_a let_v they_o be_v gentle_o shake_v down_o and_o lay_v out_o of_o the_o sun_n and_o rain_n not_o abroad_o but_o in_o a_o heap_n upon_o a_o sweet_a and_o dry_a floor_n that_o be_v board_v but_o not_o with_o deal_v nor_o on_o a_o plaisterd_a floor_n and_o on_o dry_a rye_n wheat_n or_o oaten_a straw_n till_o they_o have_v sweat_v out_o and_o digest_v their_o crude_a and_o phlegmatic_a humour_n and_o there_o let_v they_o so_o lie_v a_o fortnight_n the_o redstreak_n and_o hard_a apple_n you_o may_v let_v lie_v long_o that_o be_v three_o weak_n or_o a_o month_n the_o long_o they_o lie_v the_o less_o cider_n indeed_o they_o will_v yield_v but_o much_o the_o better_a it_o be_v necessary_a to_o have_v they_o as_o ripe_a as_o may_v be_v so_o that_o too_o many_o of_o they_o begin_v not_o to_o rot_v which_o rot_v once_o be_v to_o be_v pick_v out_o grind_v not_o your_o apple_n immediate_o from_o the_o tree_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v thorough_o ripe_a though_o they_o will_v then_o yield_v the_o great_a quantity_n of_o liquor_n but_o neither_o pleasant_a nor_o last_v therefore_o let_v they_o lie_v on_o heap_n as_o aforesaid_a by_o hoard_v only_o of_o windfall_n for_o some_o time_n or_o until_o the_o time_n it_o be_v expect_v they_o shall_v have_v be_v ripe_a in_o do_v very_o much_o meliorate_v the_o cider_n make_v of_o they_o which_o otherwise_o may_v have_v be_v very_o bad_a for_o from_o the_o due_a time_n place_n and_o manner_n of_o hoard_v of_o the_o fruit_n be_v oftentimes_o the_o cider_n very_o good_a which_o otherwise_o may_v have_v be_v very_o bad_a thus_o when_o your_o fruit_n be_v due_o ripe_a gather_v preserve_v or_o hoard_v some_o time_n it_o be_v ready_a for_o the_o mill._n when_o you_o bring_v your_o apple_n to_o the_o mill_n or_o just_o before_o you_o fill_v they_o up_o pick_v out_o or_o cast_v by_o all_o that_o be_v green_a unripe_a rot_a or_o otherwise_o naught_o and_o all_o stalk_n leave_n etc._n etc._n that_o may_v injure_v your_o cider_n for_o it_o be_v better_a to_o want_v a_o small_a quantity_n of_o liquor_n than_o to_o spoil_v the_o whole_a some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o rottenness_n in_o the_o apple_n injure_v not_o the_o cider_n but_o that_o a_o convenient_a quantity_n of_o rot_a apple_n mix_v with_o the_o sound_n be_v a_o great_a help_n to_o the_o fermentation_n and_o clarification_n of_o the_o cider_n but_o it_o be_v suppose_v they_o mean_v such_o apple_n only_o as_o have_v be_v bruise_v in_o gather_v shake_v down_o or_o carry_v which_o will_v by_o lie_v become_v rot_v and_o the_o skin_n be_v whole_a be_v not_o much_o the_o worse_o only_o the_o cider_n will_v retain_v a_o smack_n of_o they_o notwithstanding_o which_o by_o no_o mean_n admit_v they_o among_o your_o cider_n that_o you_o intend_v for_o keep_v but_o rather_o make_v cider_n of_o they_o for_o a_o more_o early_o spend_v for_o other_o affirm_v that_o one_o rot_a