and_o last_o plowing_n according_a to_o his_o interpretation_n must_v have_v allusion_n to_o bis_fw-la frigora_fw-la the_o other_o two_o plowing_n be_v poetical_o recommend_v by_o the_o vernal_a and_o aestival_n sun_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o summer-fallow_a be_v teach_v we_o by_o the_o same_o poet_n a_o little_a after_o glebasque_fw-la jacentes_fw-la palverulenta_fw-la coquat_fw-la maturis_fw-la solibus_fw-la aestas_fw-la because_o the_o parch_a sun_n burn_v the_o fibrous_a and_o stringy_a root_n of_o the_o herb_n or_o weed_n which_o otherwise_o will_v choke_v the_o grain_n lime_n and_o burn_a of_o ground_n be_v kind_a for_o corn_n than_o dung_n for_o dung_n beside_o that_o it_o require_v some_o digestion_n or_o maturation_n be_v subject_a to_o breed_v weed_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o weed_n and_o their_o seed_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o litter_n but_o the_o shoveling_n of_o folds_n be_v the_o worst_a thing_n imaginable_a that_o can_v be_v throw_v upon_o tillage_n for_o it_o consist_v chief_o of_o the_o winnowing_n of_o corn_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o trash_n whatsoever_o and_o though_o the_o chaff_n or_o litter_n be_v perfect_o rot_v and_o turn_v to_o earth_n yet_o it_o shall_v still_o flourish_v with_o weed_n beyond_o any_o other_o soil_n or_o compost_n whatsoever_o but_o for_o pasturage_v such_o sort_n of_o management_n be_v very_a kind_n pigeons-dung_n be_v the_o hot_a of_o any_o one_o load_n and_o a_o half_a of_o it_o be_v thin_o strew_v or_o sow_o be_v sufficient_a for_o a_o acre_n next_o sheeps-dung_n be_v a_o excellent_a manurement_n and_o of_o this_o about_o four_o load_n to_o a_o acre_n of_o horse-dung_n eight_o load_n upon_o a_o acre_n be_v good_a dress_n and_o of_o beast_n or_o cowdung_n ten_o or_o twelve_o load_n and_o of_o good_a mellow_a earth_n as_o the_o mud_n or_o cleanse_v of_o pool_n ditch_n and_o the_o like_a after_o two_o or_o three_o year_n sweeten_v we_o ought_v to_o bestow_v twenty_o load_n at_o least_o upon_o a_o acre_n we_o be_v to_o note_v likewise_o that_o the_o fresh_a the_o dung_n the_o better_a it_o be_v for_o stercoration_n so_o that_o one_o load_n of_o dung_n a_o little_a ripen_a or_o settle_v in_o a_o heap_n be_v as_o good_a as_o two_o load_v of_o that_o which_o have_v lie_v two_o or_o three_o year_n mellow_n forasmuch_o as_o two_o load_n of_o fresh_a dung_n after_o it_o have_v lie_v for_o some_o time_n rot_v will_v not_o make_v one_o load_n beside_o the_o saline_a or_o sulphureous_a part_n of_o the_o dung_n in_o which_o its_o vegetative_a virtue_n do_v principal_o consist_v by_o lie_v long_o in_o the_o heap_n be_v waste_v by_o continual_a heat_n and_o rotten_v and_o after_o some_o time_n will_v prove_v no_o better_o than_o rank_a mould_n or_o earth_n whereas_o that_o which_o be_v new_a be_v fat_a and_o unctuous_a and_o full_a of_o heat_n and_o spirit_n this_o which_o i_o have_v say_v hold_v true_a in_o the_o manurement_n of_o ground_n for_o corn_n but_o for_o garden-ground_n that_o dung_n which_o be_v old_a and_o most_o rot_v be_v the_o best_a because_o it_o may_v be_v make_v fine_a and_o sift_v and_o by_o this_o mean_n be_v fit_a for_o all_o seed-plot_n box_n flower_n and_o the_o like_a but_o in_o all_o these_o case_n no_o difinitive_a rule_n can_v be_v give_v forasmuch_o as_o the_o natural_a temper_n or_o disposition_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o several_a place_n very_o different_a more_o or_o less_o help_n must_v be_v use_v and_o general_o speak_v a_o acre_n of_o arable_a dress_v as_o beforementioned_a will_v yield_v three_o crop_n but_o of_o all_o manurement_n i_o hold_v lime_n to_o be_v the_o best_a four_o load_n to_o a_o moderate_a acre_n be_v a_o good_a dress_n it_o kill_v the_o weed_n correct_v the_o coldness_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o cherish_v the_o grain_n so_o that_o the_o ground_n which_o be_v dress_v with_o it_o will_v be_v the_o better_a for_o several_a year_n after_o it_o be_v likewise_o wonderful_a good_a for_o cold_a weep_a pasture_n in_o former_a age_n they_o manure_v their_o land_n much_o with_o marle_n which_o be_v a_o hot_a kind_n of_o earth_n and_o slake_v something_o like_o lime_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o they_o use_v vast_a quantity_n of_o it_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o great_a pit_n we_o find_v in_o all_o place_n where_o such_o husbandry_n be_v in_o use_n some_o of_o which_o pit_n will_v contain_v ten_o or_o twelve_o thousand_o load_v but_o this_o sort_n of_o husbandry_n since_o the_o use_n of_o lime_n have_v be_v in_o credit_n be_v much_o neglect_v burn_v of_o land_n be_v excellent_a good_a for_o corn_n for_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o weed_n be_v kill_v and_o the_o string_n or_o fibre_n of_o the_o weed_n or_o grass_n be_v turn_v into_o ash_n enrich_v the_o ground_n mighty_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o saline_n or_o nitrous_a particle_n with_o which_o the_o ash_n do_v abound_v upon_o which_o account_n it_o be_v that_o such_o marsh_n as_o lie_v near_o the_o sea-coast_n and_o be_v wash_v with_o the_o briny_a element_n be_v extraordinary_a luxuriant_a and_o feed_v cattle_n beyond_o any_o other_o shell_n and_o trashy_a weed_n of_o which_o we_o find_v great_a quantity_n on_o the_o seashore_n be_v wonderful_a help_n to_o tillage_n so_o that_o a_o barren_a piece_n of_o ground_n not_o worth_a four_o shilling_n per_fw-la acre_n will_v yield_v eight_o or_o nine_o crop_n successive_o as_o i_o have_v be_v credible_o inform_v the_o reason_n be_v from_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o salt_n which_o such_o trash_n do_v abound_v with_o and_o for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v i_o say_v that_o rumny_n marsh_n and_o the_o marsh_n of_o holland_n feed_v the_o best_a of_o any_o ground_n in_o the_o world_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o low-countries_n have_v such_o a_o large_a breed_n of_o man_n horse_n and_o other_o beast_n as_o be_v not_o elsewhere_o to_o be_v find_v and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n likewise_o it_o be_v that_o the_o animal_n which_o be_v engender_v in_o the_o sea_n be_v far_o more_o numerous_a and_o great_a in_o bulk_n than_o those_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o young_a fry_n or_o spawn_n of_o fish_n belong_v to_o the_o river_n such_o i_o mean_v as_o relish_v the_o salt-water_n as_o salmon_n lamprys_n and_o the_o like_a though_o small_a and_o little_a when_o they_o leave_v the_o fresh_a stream_n will_n upon_o their_o return_n from_o the_o salt-water_n in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n acquire_v a_o extraordinary_a growth_n fish_n which_o be_v so_o testacious_a as_o crab_n lobster_n oyster_n and_o the_o like_a be_v much_o more_o nourish_a than_o other_o fish_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o volatile_a salt_n with_o which_o they_o do_v abound_v what_o we_o read_v of_o old_a of_o sow_v city_n with_o salt_n when_o they_o be_v to_o be_v erase_v and_o condemn_v to_o utter_v desolation_n seem_v much_o to_o confirm_v this_o opinion_n for_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o soil_n be_v make_v fit_a for_o pasturage_n and_o for_o the_o service_n of_o beast_n which_o be_v design_v to_o be_v unfurnish_a with_o man_n though_o i_o much_o doubt_n whether_o our_o common_a salt_n if_o sow_o upon_o the_o earth_n will_v produce_v any_o great_a effect_n have_v receive_v possible_o some_o alteration_n from_o the_o fire_n i_o be_o more_o inclinable_a therefore_o to_o believe_v that_o by_o sow_v such_o place_n with_o salt_n be_v no_o more_o but_o to_o sow_v or_o scatter_v the_o ash_n on_o they_o arise_v from_o the_o ruin_n which_o general_o be_v by_o burn_v which_o ash_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o copious_a salt_n with_o which_o they_o do_v abound_v be_v themselves_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o figure_n call_v salt_n and_o such_o as_o serve_v to_o render_v the_o soil_n useful_a only_o for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o beast_n as_o i_o have_v already_o observe_v why_o such_o salt_n shall_v be_v so_o fruitful_a seem_v to_o proceed_v from_o their_o penetrate_a nature_n by_o which_o they_o seem_v to_o open_v first_o and_o then_o to_o purge_v the_o body_n which_o do_v imbibe_n they_o from_o their_o cold_n crude_a humour_n heal_v they_o likewise_o and_o afterward_o render_v they_o more_o uniform_a and_o compact_a the_o way_n of_o burn_a land_n be_v by_o gather_v the_o turf_n into_o little_a heap_n in_o the_o hollow_a whereof_o a_o little_a bush_n or_o faggot_n of_o dry_a wood_n be_v lay_v after_o the_o turf_n have_v be_v well_o dry_v and_o parch_a by_o the_o sun_n they_o set_v the_o hillock_n on_o fire_n and_o afterward_o scatter_v the_o parch_a turf_n and_o ash_n upon_o the_o surface_n this_o method_n of_o improve_n the_o ground_n by_o burn_v be_v much_o in_o practice_n among_o the_o ancient_a roman_n their_o way_n be_v to_o burn_v the_o stubble_n which_o remain_v after_o harvest_n as_o it_o be_v leave_v stand_v on_o the_o ground_n and_o this_o serve_v to_o prepare_v it_o for_o another_o crop_n as_o we_o
perish_v at_o the_o heart_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o wet_a which_o soak_v in_o perpetual_o at_o the_o head_n nature_n enlarge_v they_o and_o endeavour_n to_o measure_v out_o their_o just_a period_n of_o duration_n by_o widen_v their_o side_n so_o that_o what_o will_v have_v be_v spend_v otherwise_o in_o the_o nourishment_n of_o great_a limb_n and_o branch_n be_v expend_v whole_o upon_o the_o trunk_n and_o so_o desirous_a be_v tree_n of_o live_v i_o mean_v in_o respect_n of_o their_o natural_a inclination_n that_o they_o will_v still_o preserve_v themselves_o in_o their_o vegetative_a station_n till_o all_o the_o heart_n and_o timber_n within_o be_v rot_v there_o remain_v perhaps_o nothing_o of_o they_o almost_o but_o the_o very_a shell_n or_o outward_a bark_n although_o oak_n be_v esteem_v with_o we_o as_o tree_n of_o great_a bulk_n yet_o be_v they_o far_o short_a of_o the_o cedar_n or_o of_o the_o fir_n of_o which_o i_o remember_v to_o have_v see_v on_o the_o wharf_n where_o the_o rhosne_fw-fr and_o the_o soan_n meet_v at_o lion_n firr-tree_n square_v full_o thirty_o yard_n or_o pace_n in_o length_n be_v at_o the_o butt_n near_o upon_o three_o foot_n square_a and_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a near_o the_o small_a end_n nevertheless_o oak_n have_v the_o pre-eminence_n of_o these_o and_o all_o other_o tree_n whatsoever_o as_o be_v more_o durable_a after_o cut_v and_o more_o serviceable_a in_o all_o respect_n and_o even_o for_o ship_n mast_n only_o except_v they_o be_v know_v by_o daily_a experience_n to_o withstand_v the_o battery_n of_o great_a gun_n much_o better_o than_o any_o other_o wood_n whatsoever_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o splinter_v like_o fir_n though_o perhaps_o the_o fir_n as_o be_v a_o light_a wood_n may_v be_v better_o for_o sail_v but_o this_o must_v be_v understand_v then_o of_o ketche_n or_o lesser_a frigate_n such_o as_o corsair_n use_v and_o not_o of_o great_a ship_n fit_a for_o fight_v and_o more_o eminent_a service_n ash_n be_v best_a raise_v from_o key_n sow_o or_o plant_v in_o a_o nursery_n they_o be_v not_o liable_a to_o the_o danger_n of_o field-mice_n and_o one_o ash_n transplant_v from_o a_o nursery_n shall_v grow_v more_o in_o two_o year_n than_o another_o of_o the_o same_o bigness_n take_v from_o a_o hedge_n or_o coppice_n shall_v in_o ten_o because_o those_o in_o nursery_n be_v better_o root_v these_o key_n of_o ash_n will_v be_v in_o the_o ground_n full_a two_o spring_n before_o they_o will_v peep_v forth_o and_o must_v be_v wed_v a_o little_a the_o first_o year_n and_o dig_v a_o little_a too_o if_o it_o may_v be_v do_v without_o injury_n though_o it_o be_v with_o a_o how_o or_o the_o point_n of_o a_o trovel_v ash_n in_o husbandry_n serve_v for_o spital_n or_o spade-tree_n for_o drocks_n and_o spindle_n for_o plow_n for_o hoop_n for_o helve_n and_o staff_n for_o all_o tool_n of_o husbandry_n as_o be_v tough_a smooth_a and_o light_n ash_n grow_v in_o hedge_n ought_v often_o to_o be_v crop_v for_o it_o grow_v to_o a_o head_n soon_o than_o any_o tree_n and_o be_v the_o sweet_a fir-wood_n of_o any_o be_v fit_a to_o burn_v as_o soon_o as_o cleave_v or_o cut_v beside_o tall_a ash_n be_v shake_v by_o the_o wind_n cast_v the_o rain_n or_o dew_n which_o fall_v upon_o they_o a_o great_a way_n upon_o the_o ground_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n so_o mischievous_a to_o grass_n or_o corn_n as_o the_o drop_v of_o a_o ash_n beech_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o straitness_n and_o smoothness_n of_o the_o wood_n be_v serviceable_a in_o many_o respect_n particular_o to_o wheel-wrights_a turner_n and_n joiner_n and_o be_v useful_a enough_o for_o building_n in_o several_a respect_n but_o that_o which_o give_v it_o the_o great_a reputation_n be_v that_o it_o grow_v in_o the_o poor_a and_o most_o barren_a ground_n if_o it_o be_v stony_a and_o mountainous_a so_o that_o the_o ground_n common_o where_o they_o thrive_v best_a be_v on_o the_o side_n of_o a_o stony_a rocky_a hill_n which_o otherwise_o will_v not_o be_v worth_a half_a a_o crown_n a_o acre_n of_o all_o tree_n almost_o it_o be_v hold_v the_o most_o beautiful_a for_o the_o freshness_n of_o its_o green_n for_o the_o straitness_n of_o its_o trunk_n and_o where_o they_o grow_v they_o kill_v all_o tender_a shrub_n and_o bramble_n by_o draw_v all_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o themselves_o and_o yield_v therefore_o a_o most_o delightful_a shade_n and_o most_o fit_a for_o walk_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o almost_o all_o monastery_n and_o private_a house_n in_o france_n plant_v little_a walk_n of_o they_o in_o their_o garden_n in_o lop_n of_o tree_n it_o be_v very_o ill_a husbandry_n to_o do_v like_o some_o lazy_a workman_n who_o when_o they_o be_v to_o repair_v a_o hedge_n cut_v one_o stake_n here_o and_o another_o there_o from_o a_o tree_n as_o it_o lie_v convenient_a for_o their_o work_n for_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o shot_n or_o stub_n be_v kill_v by_o the_o drop_n of_o the_o over-hanging_a bough_n and_o the_o tree_n decay_v and_o will_v in_o a_o short_a time_n die_v as_o we_o see_v in_o tree_n which_o be_v half_o lop_v which_o at_o the_o best_a send_v forth_o but_o poor_a starve_v shoot_v let_v the_o tree_n therefore_o be_v crop_v in_o the_o winter-season_n and_o all_o together_o and_o it_o will_v shoot_v with_o a_o very_a lusty_a head_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n yield_v a_o large_a crop_n the_o over-hanging_n likewise_o of_o a_o hedge_n or_o of_o any_o other_o tree_n be_v very_o fatal_a to_o one_o new_o crop_v by_o cast_v always_o stain_v water_n upon_o it_o which_o in_o a_o short_a time_n will_v poison_v the_o tender_a shoot_v and_o kill_v the_o trunk_n some_o in_o crop_v or_o lop_n of_o tree_n leave_v the_o stub_n long_o to_o preserve_v the_o timber_n from_o knot_n but_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o such_o stub_n after_o two_o or_o three_o year_n will_v wither_v and_o decay_v or_o if_o not_o they_o will_v hardly_o grow_v forth_o to_o yield_v a_o second_o crop_n but_o in_o this_o point_n let_v every_o man_n follow_v his_o own_o observation_n asp_n ought_v to_o be_v lop_v with_o great_a care_n and_o discretion_n for_o if_o the_o top_n be_v cut_v off_o it_o will_v die_v infallible_o there_o must_v some_o branch_n be_v leave_v and_o that_o too_o in_o a_o considerable_a quantity_n to_o preserve_v the_o trunk_n but_o in_o case_n it_o die_v we_o may_v be_v sure_a i_o say_v of_o a_o whole_a forest_n round_o about_o the_o wither_a trunk_n which_o in_o due_a season_n may_v be_v transplant_v though_o such_o young_a tree_n be_v something_o hazardous_a among_o aqualick_n or_o tree_n which_o delight_n to_o grow_v near_o the_o water_n sally_n be_v as_o profitable_a as_o any_o can_v be_v plant_v and_o it_o be_v raise_v of_o stake_n or_o set_v it_o thrive_v almost_o in_o all_o soil_n and_o be_v a_o very_a quick_a grower_n and_o be_v most_o useful_a to_o make_v buckle_n for_o thatch_n as_o also_o for_o eddering_n or_o lay_n to_o bind_v the_o head_n of_o stake_n in_o hedge_n they_o may_v be_v crop_v every_o three_o year_n and_o a_o indifferent_a tree_n every_o lop_n will_v yield_v half_o a_o dray_n full_a of_o wood_n of_o tynnel_n so_o that_o once_o in_o three_o year_n every_o such_o tree_n shall_v yield_v so_o much_o crop_n as_o shall_v be_v worth_a half_a a_o crown_n in_o such_o place_n where_o wood_n bear_v any_o tolerable_a price_n we_o may_v plant_v a_o hundred_o such_o tree_n upon_o a_o acre_n without_o any_o great_a injury_n to_o the_o ground_n so_o that_o in_o place_n unfurnish_a with_o wood_n a_o spot_n of_o ground_n thus_o plant_v will_v quick_o come_v to_o perfection_n and_o serve_v all_o the_o occasion_n of_o a_o considerable_a farm_n upon_o which_o account_n i_o have_v always_o think_v a_o plantation_n of_o sally_n to_o be_v far_o more_o profitable_a than_o that_o of_o any_o fruit-tree_n whatsoever_o consider_v the_o quick_a and_o certain_a growth_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o long_a and_o hazardous_a progress_n of_o the_o other_o before_o it_o come_v to_o profit_n withy_n be_v much_o more_o difficult_a to_o raise_v than_o sally_n and_o grow_v best_a near_o the_o water_n and_o in_o a_o fat_a soil_n and_o especial_o in_o meadow_n and_o on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o brook_n it_o serve_v for_o the_o same_o use_v as_o sally_n the_o young_a twig_n also_o be_v very_o serviceable_a to_o basket-maker_n and_o for_o bind_v of_o tugg_n in_o thatch_n i_o have_v observe_v the_o settling_n of_o withy_n to_o thrive_v for_o a_o year_n or_o two_o and_o then_o common_o they_o die_v that_o side_n wither_v which_o be_v towards_o the_o south_n sun_n the_o reason_n whereof_o i_o be_o yet_o to_o learn_v unless_o it_o be_v from_o hence_o viz._n that_o the_o hole_n in_o which_o we_o plant_v a_o
who_o business_n it_o shall_v be_v continual_o to_o visit_v the_o wood_n under_o his_o care_n and_o to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o what_o may_v occur_v to_o his_o notice_n three_o that_o there_o be_v a_o stand_a court_n or_o body_n of_o man_n depute_v every_o three_o year_n by_o the_o lord_n mayor_n and_o alderman_n of_o the_o city_n by_o the_o steward_n of_o westminster_n and_o southwark_n and_o some_o other_o also_o by_o parliament_n to_o inquire_v into_o fraud_n and_o disorder_n and_o to_o determine_v the_o prize_n of_o wood_n throughout_o the_o city_n with_o its_o penalty_n and_o dependency_n and_o in_o a_o word_n to_o inspect_v and_o regulate_v the_o whole_a affair_n and_o as_o to_o that_o particular_a branch_n of_o enclose_v commons_o it_o will_v certain_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o the_o great_a advantage_n that_o ever_o can_v be_v think_v of_o and_o that_o in_o respect_n of_o first_o the_o commoners_z themselves_o for_o beside_o the_o ready_a sum_n of_o money_n which_o so_o many_o family_n will_v be_v enrich_v with_o proportionable_o to_o their_o stock_n and_o interest_n which_o certain_o will_v turn_v to_o a_o great_a profit_n than_o what_o be_v reap_v from_o a_o waste_n and_o uncultivated_a common_a there_o will_v be_v a_o constant_a provision_n likewise_o for_o a_o great_a number_n of_o poor_a family_n who_o be_v now_o ready_a to_o steal_v or_o starve_v have_v only_o their_o bare_a naked_a pasture_n to_o feed_v upon_o where_o they_o be_v expose_v all_o the_o winter_n long_o to_o pinch_a wind_n and_o hunger_n every_o hundred_o acre_n so_o plant_v as_o be_v here_o design_v will_v very_o well_o employ_v and_o maintain_v four_o family_n for_o ever_o when_o such_o wood_n shall_v be_v capable_a of_o cut_v and_o in_o the_o raise_n of_o they_o there_o will_v be_v continual_a employment_n in_o plant_v and_o in_o make_v and_o repair_v of_o hedge_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o the_o poor_a sort_n of_o people_n will_v be_v double_a gainer_n by_o the_o bargain_n next_o for_o the_o purchaser_n it_o be_v as_o certain_a too_o that_o their_o profit_n will_v be_v very_o considerable_a for_o the_o ground_n which_o before_o be_v not_o worth_a a_o noble_a a_o acre_n be_v plant_v as_o it_o be_v here_o project_v will_v yield_v near_o upon_o thirty_o shilling_n a_o acre_n for_o ever_o and_o in_o the_o last_o place_n the_o public_a will_v reap_v benefit_n by_o such_o improvement_n not_o only_o in_o respect_n of_o that_o more_o copious_a supply_n which_o will_v be_v transmit_v daily_o to_o the_o city_n but_o in_o respect_n also_o of_o that_o provision_n which_o may_v be_v make_v for_o timber_n especial_o in_o the_o skirt_n or_o outside_n of_o such_o plantation_n for_o the_o government_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o prospect_n to_o future_a age_n and_o to_o have_v timber_n grow_v so_o near_o to_o our_o naval_a magazine_n will_v be_v a_o thing_n of_o inestimable_a advantage_n the_o want_n and_o decay_v whereof_o be_v that_o which_o we_o shall_v every_o day_n be_v more_o sensible_a of_o than_o other_o last_o it_o be_v for_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o land_n shall_v be_v improve_v in_o order_n to_o make_v the_o public_a burden_n more_o easy_a for_o ground_n of_o thirty_o shilling_n a_o acre_n can_v bear_v tax_n more_o easy_o than_o that_o of_o seven_o or_o eight_o shilling_n a_o acre_n and_o this_o reason_n will_v ever_o hold_v good_a when_o the_o damage_n which_o some_o may_v receive_v be_v inconsiderable_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o advantage_n reap_v by_o other_o and_o especial_o by_o the_o public_a what_o may_v be_v object_v against_o this_o project_n of_o enclosure_n be_v first_o that_o by_o this_o mean_n there_o will_v be_v a_o great_a shelter_n for_o thief_n and_o robber_n with_o which_o such_o place_n be_v but_o too_o much_o infest_a to_o this_o the_o answer_n be_v easy_a as_o to_o robber_n on_o the_o highway_n or_o the_o bilbo-blade_n break_v upon_o the_o wheel_n will_v be_v a_o undoubted_a remedy_n of_o which_o i_o have_v already_o speak_v pardon_v likewise_o and_o a_o reward_n to_o such_o robber_n who_o shall_v discover_v their_o fellow_n will_v be_v a_o good_a prevention_n of_o their_o confederacy_n and_o create_v a_o jealousy_n among_o they_o or_o fear_v of_o one_o another_o this_o be_v practise_v with_o very_o good_a success_n by_o sextus_n quintus_n who_o clear_v all_o the_o ecclesiastic_a state_n of_o banditi_n or_o proscript_n by_o promise_a indemnity_n to_o every_o bandit_n who_o shall_v bring_v the_o head_n of_o his_o fellow_n whereupon_o they_o fall_v to_o cut_v of_o one_o another_o throat_n each_o labour_v to_o prevent_v his_o companion_n from_o make_v the_o first_o experiment_n upon_o himself_o and_o so_o not_o dare_v to_o trust_v one_o another_o the_o gang_n be_v soon_o break_v for_o single_o they_o be_v not_o dangerous_a as_o for_o petty_a rogue_n there_o be_v no_o great_a fear_n of_o they_o in_o the_o present_a case_n mutton-monger_n will_v have_v little_a employment_n the_o commons_o be_v unprovided_a with_o that_o commodity_n and_o for_o other_o pilfer_a chapman_n there_o will_v be_v then_o no_o more_o cause_n of_o fear_n than_o now_o rather_o less_o there_o be_v a_o full_a employment_n for_o the_o poor_a sort_n and_o the_o overseer_n of_o the_o wood_n will_v be_v very_o useful_a also_o to_o observe_v the_o disorder_n of_o those_o under_o their_o care_n another_o objection_n may_v be_v make_v from_o the_o noisomness_n of_o so_o many_o smoke_a coalpit_n which_o we_o may_v suppose_v to_o be_v continual_o employ_v for_o the_o charboning_n of_o wood_n but_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n there_o must_v be_v no_o lime_n nor_o brick_n make_v for_o these_o thing_n too_o be_v of_o a_o offensive_a savour_n beside_o charbon_v of_o cole_n be_v a_o thing_n which_o will_v not_o happen_v above_o once_o in_o twelve_o or_o thirteen_o year_n so_o that_o the_o inconvenience_n may_v easy_o be_v bear_v with_o and_o be_v incomparable_o less_o than_o the_o continual_a stink_n of_o the_o sea-coal_n fire_n which_o be_v so_o great_a a_o annoyance_n to_o the_o court_n to_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n and_o in_o a_o word_n to_o the_o most_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n whether_o we_o consider_v their_o number_n or_o quality_n those_o who_o follow_v the_o chase_n may_v possible_o receive_v some_o prejudice_n as_o to_o freedom_n of_o ride_v by_o such_o enclosure_n but_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n they_o will_v reap_v a_o great_a advantage_n from_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o game_n for_o such_o wood_n will_v ever_o be_v well_o furnish_v and_o the_o country_n neighbour_a upon_o london_n be_v general_o so_o open_a and_o the_o field_n so_o large_a that_o there_o be_v liberty_n enough_o for_o the_o chase_n without_o any_o incoveniency_n to_o the_o rider_n or_o to_o the_o husbandman_n but_o these_o be_v trivial_a consideration_n not_o worth_a our_o insist_v on_o let_v we_o then_o hasten_v forward_o and_o consider_v whether_o the_o profit_n and_o advantage_n arise_v to_o the_o nation_n in_o general_n and_o to_o london_n in_o particular_a by_o burn_v of_o wood_n be_v great_a than_o the_o damage_n they_o may_v sustain_v by_o the_o dis-usage_n of_o sea-coal_n if_o we_o consider_v the_o question_n with_o a_o eye_n to_o the_o public_a it_o will_v be_v tell_v we_o by_o the_o coal-merchant_n that_o in_o the_o fleet_n where_o such_o provision_n be_v bring_v there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o boy_n and_o seaman_n breed_v who_o be_v so_o useful_a to_o we_o either_o for_o war_n or_o traffic_n also_o that_o one_o cauldron_n of_o coal_n will_v yield_v as_o much_o heat_n as_o four_o load_v of_o wood_n and_o that_o be_v it_o not_o for_o coal_n the_o poor_a sort_n of_o london_n will_v perish_v likewise_o that_o the_o use_n of_o coal_n be_v the_o preservation_n of_o wood_n and_o consequent_o of_o timber_n for_o where_o great_a wood_n be_v cut_v many_o thrifty_a tree_n which_o in_o time_n will_v prove_v excellent_a timber_n be_v condemn_v to_o the_o fire_n as_o touch_v the_o breed_n of_o seaman_n by_o the_o coal-voyage_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o some_o advantage_n do_v accrue_v to_o the_o nation_n by_o that_o mean_n and_o certain_a it_o be_v too_o that_o will_v we_o apply_v ourselves_o to_o the_o fishing-trade_n we_o may_v be_v furnish_v with_o many_o more_o seaman_n than_o those_o who_o ply_v betwixt_o newcastle_n and_o london_n as_o it_o be_v certain_a also_o that_o the_o fish_n will_v bring_v we_o in_o more_o profit_n than_o any_o other_o undertake_v whatsoever_o but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o we_o be_v content_v to_o let_v our_o neighbour_n fish_n upon_o we_o for_o the_o net_n can_v well_o be_v avoid_v whilst_o the_o water_n be_v trouble_v and_o then_o make_v they_o rich_a at_o our_o own_o expense_n by_o buy_v our_o own_o fish_n of_o they_o at_o such_o rate_n as_o they_o shall_v be_v
that_o the_o worm_n most_o resort_v and_o by_o consequence_n the_o want_v who_o feed_v upon_o they_o so_o that_o i_o have_v know_v the_o same_o place_n choke_v up_o three_o or_o four_o time_n afresh_o during_o the_o winter-season_n ground_n new_o break_v up_o may_v be_v sow_o with_o some_o sort_n of_o pease_n or_o oat_n pease_n be_v better_o and_o must_v be_v harrow_v in_o after_o the_o plough_v but_o general_o the_o crop_n be_v not_o so_o good_a as_o upon_o temper_a land_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o will_v be_v subject_a to_o grass_n and_o weed_n after_o pease_n the_o year_n follow_v we_o may_v sow_v barley_n for_o there_o will_v be_v time_n enough_o betwixt_o harvest_n and_o barley-sowing_a to_o give_v the_o ground_n its_o due_a plowing_n after_o the_o second_o crop_n it_o must_v be_v fallowed_a and_o dress_v before_o it_o will_v yield_v another_o unless_o it_o be_v sow_v with_o oat_n which_o will_v much_o impoverish_v the_o ground_n it_o be_v the_o best_a method_n therefore_o to_o let_v old_a land_n after_o it_o have_v be_v break_v up_o to_o lie_v fallow_a the_o first_o year_n and_o if_o in_o good_a proof_n it_o will_v with_o a_o little_a help_n yield_v three_o crop_n successive_o in_o lesser_a enclosure_n which_o be_v convert_v to_o tillage_n i_o hold_v it_o the_o best_a husbandry_n in_o the_o world_n instead_o of_o headland_n on_o which_o the_o cattle_n turn_v not_o to_o sow_v they_o but_o to_o let_v they_o lie_v plain_a for_o grass_n as_o also_o a_o large_a mere_a to_o be_v leave_v of_o ten_o or_o fourteen_o yard_n breadth_n under_o all_o the_o hedge_n which_o enclose_v the_o tillage_n for_o these_o border_n will_v never_o bear_v good_a corn_n especial_o if_o the_o hedge_n be_v quick_a and_o high_a and_o store_v with_o tree_n for_o the_o shade_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o hedge_n as_o also_o the_o dropping_n from_o the_o bough_n will_v destroy_v the_o crop_n as_o will_v also_o the_o bird_n which_o lie_v continual_o in_o the_o hedge_n the_o root_n likewise_o of_o the_o tree_n and_o quick_n will_v rob_v the_o corn_n of_o its_o due_a nourishment_n let_v the_o border_n round_o about_o therefore_o be_v keep_v for_o grass_n which_o as_o it_o be_v most_o delightful_a to_o the_o eye_n and_o most_o commodious_a for_o walk_v so_o be_v it_o most_o profitable_a for_o the_o wash_n or_o land-flood_n run_v off_o the_o furrow_n will_v fatten_v the_o border_a mere_a in_o a_o extraordinary_a manner_n and_o make_v it_o as_o rich_a as_o any_o meadow-ground_n as_o the_o shade_n likewise_o of_o the_o tree_n and_o hedge_n will_v as_o well_o help_v forward_a grass_n how_o injurious_a soever_o they_o may_v be_v to_o corn._n after_o the_o crop_n be_v in_o the_o barn_n be_v house_v dry_a the_o next_o thing_n the_o honest_a labourer_n or_o husbandman_n be_v to_o consider_v of_o be_v to_o turn_v it_o into_o money_n peradventure_o the_o safe_a way_n will_v be_v to_o thrash_v it_o out_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o season_n do_v require_v and_o to_o send_v it_o to_o the_o market_n for_o by_o long_o lie_v in_o the_o barn_n rat_n and_o mouse_n will_v quick_o draw_v their_o mine_n and_o make_v large_a inroad_n nor_o will_v the_o thief_n be_v want_v as_o occasion_n shall_v serve_v to_o give_v a_o cast_n of_o his_o skill_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v the_o encumbrance_n of_o the_o barn_n for_o the_o crop_n of_o a_o follow_a year_n to_o keep_v it_o thrash_v in_o the_o granary_n be_v altogether_o as_o bad_a for_o it_o will_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o assault_n of_o vermin_n and_o unless_o often_o turn_v it_o will_v grow_v musty_a beside_o it_o will_v contract_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o dust_n and_o filth_n and_o the_o grain_n of_o corn_n will_v shrink_v or_o shriule_v and_o lose_v their_o bright_a colour_n all_o which_o will_v be_v of_o much_o more_o detriment_n than_o what_o may_v be_v recompense_v from_o the_o advance_n of_o the_o market_n which_o common_o do_v lurch_v we_o by_o sink_v low_o but_o rare_o rise_v to_o that_o degree_n as_o to_o make_v amends_o for_o the_o inconvenience_n we_o meet_v with_o by_o keep_v in_o our_o corn._n but_o if_o it_o be_v judge_v expedient_a to_o keep_v grain_n the_o best_a way_n be_v in_o the_o straw_n by_o put_v it_o into_o a_o rick_n not_o raise_v upon_o post_n or_o pillar_n of_o wood_n or_o of_o much_o stone_n as_o be_v usual_a with_o ordinary_a husbandman_n but_o let_v the_o frame_n of_o wood_n which_o be_v to_o bear_v up_o the_o rick_n be_v lay_v upon_o five_o or_o nine_o pillar_n a_o full_a yard_n from_o the_o ground_n the_o pillar_n must_v be_v proportionable_a to_o the_o burden_n be_v make_v round_o and_o strong_a and_o fine_o plaster_v over_o and_o cover_v with_o flat_a square_a stone_n four_o foot_n in_o breadth_n each_o to_o prevent_v vermin_n from_o run_v up_o for_o if_o the_o pillar_n be_v square_a though_o never_o so_o polish_a rat_n and_o mouse_n will_v run_v up_o the_o corner_n but_o on_o a_o round_a one_o they_o have_v not_o the_o least_o hold_v for_o their_o claw_n the_o rick_n also_o must_v be_v well_o thatch_v to_o prevent_v damage_n from_o foul_a wether_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v grain_n may_v be_v preserve_v sweet_a and_o entire_a for_o many_o year_n there_o be_v this_o thing_n far_o which_o i_o will_v recommend_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o every_o husbandman_n especial_o if_o he_o be_v a_o gentleman_n viz._n to_o avoid_v as_o much_o as_o possible_a the_o cover_v of_o his_o barn_n and_o outhouse_n with_o straw_n for_o beside_o that_o such_o thatch_a cover_n look_n mean_v and_o beggarly_a it_o be_v certain_a that_o they_o will_v prove_v far_o more_o expensive_a than_o tyl_v in_o a_o little_a process_n of_o time_n people_n be_v easy_o draw_v to_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o the_o country_n to_o avoid_v a_o little_o great_a charge_n for_o the_o present_a not_o consider_v that_o such_o thatch_a house_n will_v be_v a_o continual_a reparation_n and_o expense_n every_o violent_a gust_n or_o puff_n of_o wind_n tear_n they_o to_o piece_n and_o make_v vast_a breach_n unluckey_n bird_n be_v still_o pull_v they_o and_o the_o rain_n snow_n and_o wether_n will_v in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n rot_v such_o cover_n and_o considerable_a damage_n be_v sustain_v before_o stuff_n and_o thatcher_n can_v be_v bring_v in_o place_n whereas_o the_o tile_v roof_n though_o a_o little_a more_o chargeable_a at_o first_o will_v last_v a_o long_a while_n without_o repair_n and_o when_o repair_v it_o will_v be_v do_v at_o a_o quarter_n the_o charge_n of_o straw_n roof_n it_o be_v true_a thatch_a house_n be_v a_o better_a security_n for_o corn_n against_o rain_n and_o snow_n but_o then_o it_o be_v know_v too_o that_o they_o harbour_v bird_n rat_n mouse_n with_o other_o vermin_n and_o above_o all_o be_v most_o dangerous_a so_o that_o many_o house_n have_v be_v burn_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o whole_a family_n undo_v by_o fire_n catch_v in_o the_o thatch_n but_o in_o this_o and_o many_o other_o method_n country_n fellow_n will_v never_o quit_v the_o old_a road_n how_o ridiculous_a and_o inconvenient_a soever_o it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o irish_a can_v be_v wean_a from_o their_o old_a barbarous_a custom_n of_o tail_v their_o horse_n to_o one_o another_o and_o to_o draw_v with_o they_o in_o their_o team_n chap._n iii_o of_o pasturage_n pasturage_n be_v of_o several_a sort_n that_o wherein_o sheep_n thrive_v best_a be_v the_o lawn_n as_o also_o the_o wide_a and_o open_a down_n such_o as_o those_o in_o cotsall_n and_o in_o wiltshire_n for_o what_o be_v rich_a or_o rank_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a dew_n that_o lie_v upon_o they_o be_v apt_a to_o beget_v the_o rot_n also_o hilly_a ground_n in_o which_o be_v many_o spring_n and_o little_a lake_n be_v very_o unwholesome_a for_o where_o sheep_n bite_v close_a they_o thrive_v best_a unless_o they_o be_v design_v for_o the_o butcher_n and_o then_o they_o must_v have_v a_o full_a diet._n there_o be_v no_o small_a care_n to_o be_v take_v in_o order_v the_o pasture_n of_o such_o as_o be_v design_v for_o breed_n or_o store_n let_v they_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o summer_n as_o bare_a as_o possible_a for_o if_o they_o once_o come_v to_o abate_v their_o flesh_n as_o certain_o they_o will_v towards_o winter_n they_o will_v be_v a_o long_a time_n before_o they_o will_v come_v about_o but_o be_v hard_o keep_v in_o the_o summer_n and_o dispose_v into_o thrive_a pasture_n towards_o winter_n they_o will_v keep_v their_o fleece_n whole_a upon_o their_o back_n and_o be_v able_a to_o weather_n out_o the_o sharp_a of_o that_o season_n of_o the_o usefulness_n of_o fallow-field_n we_o have_v speak_v before_o wood_n and_o rough_a ground_n be_v very_o hazardous_a for_o sheep_n for_o beside_o the_o danger_n they_o be_v in_o of_o tear_v their_o fleece_n
upward_o which_o in_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o year_n the_o common_a measure_n of_o a_o age_n may_v amount_v i_o say_v in_o the_o sum_n total_a to_o the_o number_n of_o four_o or_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o the_o number_n of_o house_n as_o they_o stand_v at_o present_a in_o the_o city_n and_o precinct_n of_o london_n westminster_n and_o southwark_n may_v be_v compute_v to_o a_o mount_n to_o forty_o thousand_o for_o as_o for_o the_o great_a building_n or_o house_n such_o as_o the_o palace_n royal_a the_o inn_n of_o court_n of_o chancery_n and_o some_o nobleman_n house_n they_o must_v not_o here_o be_v reckon_v as_o single_a foundation_n or_o house_n since_o some_o of_o they_o may_v contain_v the_o building_n of_o twenty_o forty_o or_o perhaps_o one_o hundred_o private_a house_n of_o the_o middle_a order_n such_o as_o those_o which_o belong_v to_o tradesman_n or_o shopkeeper_n let_v the_o common_a standard_n therefore_o or_o measure_v of_o a_o house_n be_v such_o a_o one_o as_o contain_v nine_o chimney_n for_o where_o there_o be_v one_o that_o have_v more_o there_o be_v five_o which_o have_v less_o so_o that_o the_o excess_n viz._n of_o the_o great_a house_n on_o the_o one_o hand_n weigh_v against_o the_o defect_n on_o the_o other_o viz._n the_o great_a number_n of_o small_a building_n in_o private_a ally_n and_o the_o out-skirt_n of_o the_o city_n most_o of_o which_o have_v not_o above_o five_o or_o six_o chimney_n to_o a_o house_n i_o say_v upon_o such_o a_o allowance_n as_o be_v here_o make_v we_o may_v reasonable_o pitch_v upon_o nine_o chimney_n to_o be_v the_o common_a proportion_n of_o every_o house_n one_o with_o another_o and_o than_o the_o sum_n total_a of_o the_o chimney_n may_v be_v about_o three_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o thousand_o if_o we_o allow_v yearly_o therefore_o to_o every_o chimney_n one_o good_a load_n of_o wood_n or_o charcoal_n or_o something_o more_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o london_n will_v require_v about_o four_o hundred_o thousand_o load_v of_o wood_n yearly_a to_o supply_v its_o occasion_n and_o from_o this_o too_o we_o may_v make_v a_o considerable_a defalkment_n when_o we_o shall_v consider_v what_o a_o great_a number_n there_o be_v of_o brewer_n dyer_n hatter_n with_o such_o like_a smoky_a occupation_n all_o which_o require_v a_o strong_a and_o more_o constant_a heat_n such_o as_o that_o of_o sea-coal-fire_n which_o profession_n also_o be_v noisome_a in_o themselves_o and_o dangerous_a to_o their_o neighbour_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o many_o casualty_n of_o fire_n to_o which_o they_o be_v more_o obnoxious_a it_o will_v be_v very_o safe_a and_o convenient_a if_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o settle_v on_o the_o far_a side_n the_o water_n which_o will_v very_o much_o contribute_v to_o the_o health_n and_o security_n of_o the_o city_n so_o that_o upon_o a_o allowance_n of_o our_o furnace-gentleman_n to_o use_v sea-coal_n as_o also_o for_o the_o son_n of_o vulcan_n our_o little_a forge-man_n and_o smith_n which_o require_v to_o be_v disperse_v up_o and_o down_o the_o town_n to_o some_o necessary_a occasion_n we_o may_v reasonable_o believe_v that_o about_o three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o good_a load_v of_o wood_n of_o a_o tun_n to_o each_o load_n will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o answer_v the_o occasion_n of_o this_o city_n it_o be_v true_a a_o nobleman_n house_n and_o where_o there_o be_v much_o of_o the_o kitchen_n will_v require_v thirty_o or_o forty_o load_v of_o wood_n but_o then_o we_o must_v consider_v that_o for_o one_o nobleman_n house_n there_o be_v eight_o or_o ten_o small_a house_n of_o about_o four_o or_o five_o chimney_n which_o will_v be_v supply_v with_o four_o or_o five_o load_v commodious_o so_o that_o regard_n be_v have_v still_o to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o house_n the_o quantity_n of_o wood_n before_o mention_v will_v be_v sufficient_a and_o so_o much_o the_o rather_o because_o that_o in_o the_o summer_n time_n most_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n retire_v into_o the_o country_n our_o next_o enquiry_n then_o will_v be_v where_o to_o find_v such_o a_o quantity_n of_o wood_n as_o be_v here_o pitch_v upon_o to_o this_o end_n and_o purpose_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v in_o the_o first_o place_n what_o quantity_n of_o wood_n grow_v usual_o upon_o a_o acre_n of_o ground_n a_o acre_n then_o of_o coppice-wood_n of_o about_o twelve_o or_o thirteen_o year_n growth_n if_o moderate_o well_o store_v will_v yield_v about_o threescore_o cord_n or_o load_v of_o wood_n each_o cord_n or_o load_n be_v eight_o foot_n in_o length_n five_o foot_n six_o inch_n in_o height_n and_o three_o foot_n in_o thickness_n or_o length_n of_o the_o billet_n close_o lay_v together_o so_o that_o one_o acre_n of_o good_a wood-land_n will_v yield_v yearly_a about_o five_o load_v of_o wood_n more_o or_o less_o and_o then_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o about_o sixty_o thousand_o acre_n of_o land_n well_o plant_v with_o wood_n will_v afford_v we_o the_o quantity_n we_o be_v now_o seek_v these_o part_n of_o sussex_n and_o kent_n which_o lie_v betwixt_o tunbridge_n wells_n and_o rye_n which_o be_v about_o thirty_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o of_o a_o breadth_n proportionable_a be_v almost_o all_o wood_n great_a part_n of_o buckinghamshire_n of_o oxfordshire_n and_o berkshire_n abound_v with_o vast_a number_n of_o wood_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v also_o of_o other_o place_n border_v upon_o the_o road_n of_o london_n from_o all_o which_o place_n to_o london_n we_o have_v a_o most_o easy_a conveyance_n by_o water_n as_o well_o upward_o by_o the_o tide_n as_o downward_o by_o the_o stream_n for_o so_o it_o be_v that_o the_o part_n near_o border_v on_o the_o thames_n and_o medway_n be_v most_o productive_a of_o wood_n or_o if_o there_o be_v occasion_n for_o a_o land-carriage_n so_o hard_o so_o capacious_a and_o level_a be_v the_o road_n as_o be_v not_o where_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o england_n what_o quantity_n of_o wood_n this_o may_v amount_v to_o be_v hard_o to_o compute_v but_o without_o all_o dispute_n it_o far_o exceed_v the_o quantity_n require_v to_o serve_v the_o occasion_n of_o london_n especial_o if_o the_o iron-work_n those_o great_a devourer_n of_o wood_n be_v make_v to_o keep_v their_o due_a distance_n but_o in_o regard_n that_o london_n be_v not_o the_o only_a mouth_n which_o be_v to_o be_v feed_v with_o this_o fiery_a food_n there_o be_v some_o consideration_n to_o be_v have_v to_o the_o necessity_n and_o occasion_n of_o the_o neighbour_a place_n we_o must_v be_v allow_v more_o ground_n than_o what_o be_v at_o this_o day_n plant_v with_o wood_n and_o this_o we_o shall_v not_o be_v long_o a_o seek_n for_o if_o we_o consider_v of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o heath_n waste_v ground_n and_o commons_o which_o lie_v every_o way_n within_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o mile_n of_o london_n it_o may_v reasonable_o be_v compute_v to_o be_v fifteen_o or_o twenty_o thousand_o acre_n all_o which_o at_o present_a be_v not_o worth_a five_o shilling_n a_o acre_n be_v stock_v only_o with_o rascally_a sheep_n and_o goose_n let_v we_o suppose_v then_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o be_v raise_v in_o favour_n of_o this_o or_o some_o such_o like_a design_n for_o without_o the_o allmightiness_n of_o a_o parliament_n no_o great_a and_o public_a work_n can_v ever_o come_v to_o any_o maturity_n this_o project_n than_o must_v be_v build_v upon_o these_o ground_n and_o first_o in_o order_n to_o a_o enclosure_n let_v all_o the_o right_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o commoner_n be_v bring_v in_o at_o such_o a_o rate_n or_o purchase_n as_o the_o supreme_a authority_n of_o the_o nation_n shall_v think_v fit_a for_o to_o deprive_v any_o one_o of_o his_o right_n and_o privilege_n without_o due_a compensation_n make_v be_v very_o unjust_a as_o doubtless_o it_o be_v most_o just_a so_o to_o do_v when_o it_o shall_v redound_v to_o the_o great_a benefit_n of_o the_o public_a without_o any_o detriment_n to_o the_o particular_a person_n concern_v second_o such_o enclose_v waste_v or_o commons_o to_o be_v careful_o preserve_v by_o more_o than_o ordinary_a provision_n to_o prevent_v tumultuary_a invasion_n of_o moble_a leveller_n as_o likewise_o the_o clandestine_v havock_n to_o which_o such_o enclosure_n especial_o near_o so_o populous_a a_o city_n be_v very_o obnoxious_a to_o this_o end_n and_o purpose_n it_o will_v be_v convenient_a that_o every_o gentleman_n or_o nobleman_n herein_o concern_v over_o and_o above_o the_o subservient_fw-fr labourer_n to_o be_v employ_v in_o plant_v fence_a defend_v dip_v cut_v according_v coat_v and_o carry_v such_o wood_n as_o from_o time_n to_o time_n shall_v be_v upon_o the_o premise_n i_o say_v it_o will_v be_v very_o expedient_a that_o to_o every_o thousand_o acre_n so_o plant_v there_o shall_v be_v a_o capital_a bailiff_n or_o ranger_n
please_v to_o utter_v they_o which_o point_n will_v deserve_v a_o little_a to_o be_v insist_v on_o be_v it_o not_o that_o the_o manifold_a and_o signal_n blessing_n we_o have_v otherwise_o receive_v of_o they_o will_v lay_v we_o open_v to_o palpable_a ingratitude_n shall_v we_o once_o offer_v to_o contest_v it_o with_o such_o generous_a faithful_a and_o constant_a friend_n who_o benefit_n very_o ought_v never_o to_o be_v forget_v and_o yet_o i_o fear_v though_o we_o shall_v apply_v ourselves_o to_o fish_v we_o shall_v not_o be_v very_o successful_a at_o it_o unless_o we_o can_v imitate_v they_o in_o their_o industry_n parsimony_n and_o their_o great_a care_n and_o diligence_n in_o cure_v and_o order_v such_o fish_n for_o these_o be_v the_o three_o principal_a point_n which_o they_o have_v regard_n to_o who_o follow_v this_o trade_n which_o such_o will_v never_o be_v good_a at_o who_o love_n to_o live_v in_o full_a pasture_n and_o at_o ease_n but_o what_o will_v become_v of_o this_o salt-water_n objection_n if_o we_o suppose_v as_o real_o we_o may_v without_o much_o peradventure_o that_o be_v wood_n the_o statutable_a and_o staple_n fuel_n of_o london_n many_o ship_n will_v be_v employ_v in_o bring_v char-coal_n by_o sea_n from_o other_o part_n of_o england_n as_o hampshire_n etc._n etc._n where_o such_o provision_n may_v well_o be_v spare_v but_o to_o come_v to_o our_o collier_n be_v it_o as_o it_o will_v be_v be_v london_n alone_o allow_v or_o oblige_v to_o make_v use_n of_o wood-fuel_n there_o will_v be_v a_o vast_a utterance_n of_o sea-coal_n along_o the_o thames_n and_o in_o all_o the_o village_n adjacent_a to_o london_n and_o whereas_o commodity_n which_o come_v by_o sea_n be_v subject_a to_o disappointment_n so_o in_o time_n of_o war_n shall_v the_o coal-fleet_n be_v take_v or_o obstruct_v what_o then_o will_v become_v of_o london_n but_o wood_n be_v a_o native_a of_o the_o neighbourhood_n can_v never_o fall_v a_o prey_n to_o pirate_n or_o be_v subject_a to_o naval_a attempt_n and_o look_v what_o provision_n may_v be_v make_v one_o year_n will_v continue_v the_o same_o in_o all_o other_o succeed_a if_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o ground_n be_v yearly_o cut_v for_o wood_n be_v not_o like_o other_o product_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o grass_n corn_n etc._n etc._n which_o by_o immoderate_a rain_n or_o excessive_a heat_n or_o by_o many_o other_o accident_n may_v become_v scarce_o and_o dear_a but_o look_v what_o profit_n a_o coppice_n yield_v at_o one_o fillet_n it_o will_v yield_v the_o like_a at_o another_o if_o of_o the_o same_o growth_n and_o due_o preserve_v so_o that_o our_o computation_n be_v once_o adjust_v we_o shall_v rare_o be_v to_o seek_v for_o new_a supply_n nor_o be_v unprovided_a but_o admit_v that_o the_o newcastle_n collier_n may_v suffer_v something_o by_o the_o disusage_n of_o their_o coal_n in_o london_n if_o it_o shall_v appear_v that_o the_o whole_a city_n and_o in_o effect_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o which_o that_o city_n be_v a_o abridgement_n shall_v suffer_v infinite_o more_o by_o the_o use_n of_o it_o i_o can_v see_v what_o reason_n there_o can_v be_v to_o persuade_v so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o man_n to_o a_o continuance_n of_o that_o which_o be_v so_o injurious_a to_o their_o own_o concern_v and_o interest_n only_o to_o be_v think_v officious_a and_o beneficial_a to_o some_o few_o other_o who_o shall_v thereby_o get_v estate_n just_o as_o reasonable_a as_o if_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o persuade_v the_o citizen_n of_o london_n to_o pull_v up_o their_o broad_a pave_v with_o which_o their_o street_n be_v flank_v and_o which_o be_v so_o commodious_a to_o all_o person_n because_o it_o will_v be_v for_o the_o interest_n of_o shoemaker_n and_o tailor_n that_o man_n shall_v wear_v out_o their_o clothes_n and_o shoe_n by_o trudge_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o dirt_n or_o otherwise_o to_o ride_v in_o coach_n which_o though_o very_o expensive_a to_o he_o who_o go_v up_o and_o down_o the_o street_n upon_o his_o occasion_n will_v nevertheless_o be_v very_o commodious_a and_o profitable_a to_o coach-maker_n and_o to_o the_o hackney-merchant_n that_o the_o burn_a of_o sea-coal_n may_v happen_v to_o be_v the_o preservation_n of_o wood_n be_v in_o some_o sense_n very_o true_a but_o it_o be_v as_o true_a too_o that_o the_o burn_a of_o wood_n will_v be_v a_o great_a increase_n of_o wood_n and_o consequent_o of_o timber_n because_o it_o will_v encourage_v man_n to_o convert_v their_o barren_a ground_n into_o wood-plantation_n whereas_o where_o wood-fuel_n be_v neglect_v or_o supplant_v by_o that_o of_o coal_n man_n be_v easy_o tempt_v to_o quit_v the_o preservation_n of_o their_o wood_n and_o convert_v their_o ground_n to_o tillage_n in_o hope_n to_o find_v more_o advantage_n so_o that_o if_o wood_n be_v make_v the_o fuel_n of_o london_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o many_o will_v be_v thereby_o invite_v to_o convert_v their_o arable_a into_o wood_n as_o a_o thing_n of_o much_o more_o profit_n for_o be_v once_o plant_v they_o be_v preserve_v with_o little_a labour_n and_o charge_n and_o yield_v a_o certain_a constant_a revenue_n without_o hazard_n for_o crop_n of_o wood_n with_o a_o little_a care_n as_o i_o say_v before_o will_v never_o fail_v and_o be_v arrive_v to_o some_o growth_n a_o year_n or_o two_o forbearance_n will_v exceed_o advance_v the_o increase_n and_o as_o it_o be_v true_a likewise_o that_o one_o cauldron_n of_o coal_n will_v yield_v more_o heat_n than_o three_o or_o four_o load_v of_o wood_n so_o it_o be_v as_o true_a too_o that_o the_o damage_n sustain_v in_o a_o house_n in_o london_n of_o any_o figure_n oâ—_n trade_n by_o the_o smutty_a smoke_n of_o the_o coal_n be_v triple_a to_o the_o extraordinary_a charge_n such_o a_o house_n will_v lie_v under_o be_v it_o oblige_v only_o to_o make_v use_n of_o wood_n and_o char-coal_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o poor_a sea-coal_n must_v be_v confess_v to_o be_v a_o very_a commodious_a fuel_n because_o cheap_a so_o possible_o may_v turf_n and_o cowdung_n be_v but_o be_v it_o not_o for_o that_o thick_a cloud_n of_o sea-coal-smoke_n which_o cover_v the_o city_n in_o the_o wintertime_n and_o deprive_v it_o of_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o sun_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o there_o will_v be_v less_o occasion_n for_o fire_n than_o now_o there_o be_v that_o the_o poor_a in_o london_n may_v subsist_v as_o well_o as_o they_o do_v in_o other_o city_n of_o england_n by_o the_o benefit_n only_o of_o wood_n be_v the_o price_n thereof_o fix_v to_o a_o just_a and_o equitable_a rule_n paris_n doubtless_o be_v more_o populous_a than_o london_n and_o have_v as_o many_o poor_a the_o winter_n likewise_o be_v sharp_a enough_o though_o not_o so_o long_o as_o with_o we_o neither_o have_v they_o their_o wood_n in_o any_o quantity_n grow_v near_o it_o nor_o such_o a_o river_n as_o the_o thames_n to_o float_v it_o and_o yet_o such_o be_v their_o oeconomy_n in_o this_o particular_a that_o there_o be_v no_o want_n nor_o do_v their_o poor_a starve_v in_o winter_n with_o we_o however_o and_o in_o case_n of_o a_o season_n more_o severe_a than_o ordinary_a it_o will_v be_v a_o charity_n become_v the_o wealth_n and_o greatness_n of_o such_o a_o city_n as_o london_n to_o give_v four_o or_o five_o thousand_o chaldren_n of_o sea-coal_n to_o be_v distribute_v among_o the_o poor_a family_n which_o at_o the_o proportion_n of_o half_a a_o cauldron_n to_o a_o family_n will_v supply_v the_o indigence_n of_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o thousand_o poor_a people_n without_o any_o considerable_a annoyance_n to_o the_o city_n something_o may_v be_v object_v against_o the_o use_n of_o wood_n as_o be_v more_o cumbersome_a than_o sea-coal_n which_o lie_v close_o in_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o cellar_n and_o be_v in_o no_o danger_n of_o fire_n whereas_o wood_n must_v have_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o room_n to_o lie_v within_o door_n and_o without_o door_n too_o it_o will_v be_v no_o less_o a_o encumbrance_n and_o hazardous_a though_o a_o great_a number_n of_o house_n there_o be_v which_o have_v no_o convenience_n without_o or_o any_o spare_a backside_n at_o all_o and_o especial_o in_o the_o city_n but_o this_o be_v easy_o answer_v for_o first_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o our_o wood-fuel_n be_v to_o be_v char-coal_n which_o will_v lie_v in_o as_o little_a room_n almost_o as_o sea-coal_n in_o holes_n and_o vault_n and_o over_o and_o above_o have_v this_o advantage_n that_o it_o be_v soon_o light_v to_o serve_v our_o occasion_n and_o more_o easy_o and_o with_o less_o waste_n put_v out_o and_o reserve_v for_o further_a use_n so_o that_o we_o may_v kindle_v more_o or_o less_o of_o it_o as_o we_o see_v good_a and_o without_o waste_n whereas_o sea-coal-fire_n be_v a_o long_a time_n a_o kindle_v and_o many_o time_n we_o
under_o the_o title_n of_o sacerdotes_fw-la arrorum_n their_o number_n be_v twelve_o of_o which_o he_o himself_o be_v one_o condescend_v to_o be_v call_v the_o twelve_o brother_n of_o that_o fraternity_n be_v solemn_o install_v thereunto_o by_o laurentia_n acca_n his_o foster-mother_n who_o plat_v a_o garland_n of_o the_o ear_n of_o corn_n bind_v it_o on_o his_o head_n with_o her_o white_a fillet_n which_o be_v look_v upon_o at_o that_o time_n to_o be_v the_o most_o sacred_a badge_n of_o priesthood_n and_o be_v the_o first_o crown_n that_o we_o read_v of_o among_o the_o roman_n and_o in_o so_o great_a honour_n be_v it_o hold_v in_o after_o age_n that_o nothing_o but_o death_n can_v put_v a_o period_n to_o it_o and_o be_v ever_o enjoy_v even_o in_o time_n of_o exile_n and_o captivity_n no_o wonder_n then_o if_o even_o king_n themselves_o delight_v to_o write_v of_o husbandry_n such_o as_o hiero_n philometor_n archelaus_n and_o attalus_n among_o militant_a person_n xenophon_n be_v eminent_a this_o way_n but_o much_o more_o famous_a be_v mago_n the_o carthaginian_a and_o brother_n of_o hannibal_n which_o work_v of_o his_o be_v hold_v in_o that_o esteem_n as_o to_o be_v translate_v into_o divers_a language_n a_o epitome_n whereof_o made_z greek_z be_v send_v to_o dejotarus_n as_o a_o jewel_n of_o inestimable_a value_n and_o particular_o it_o be_v look_v upon_o by_o the_o roman_n to_o be_v so_o precious_a that_o among_o all_o the_o african_a monument_n of_o learning_n this_o alone_o be_v think_v worthy_a of_o the_o roman_n care_n and_o to_o be_v preserve_v upon_o the_o subversion_n of_o carthage_n be_v translate_v likewise_o into_o the_o roman_a language_n by_o the_o care_n and_o direction_n of_o m._n cato_n among_o philosopher_n who_o work_n be_v extant_a aristotle_n pliny_n and_o terentius_n varro_n signalise_v themselves_o upon_o this_o subject_a as_o do_v also_o theocritus_n hesiod_n and_o virgil_n among_o the_o ancient_a poet_n with_o infinite_a other_o writer_n of_o modern_a date_n and_o such_o a_o influence_n true_o have_v the_o art_n and_o practice_n of_o husbandry_n upon_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n that_o the_o most_o eminent_a of_o they_o in_o all_o age_n whether_o for_o military_a or_o civil_a employment_n do_v ever_o betake_v themselves_o in_o some_o degree_n or_o other_o to_o this_o course_n of_o life_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o every_o roman_a of_o old_a have_v his_o villa_n where_o to_o bestow_v himself_o in_o time_n of_o vacancy_n from_o business_n as_o they_o have_v at_o this_o day_n in_o italy_n and_o elsewhere_o belike_o think_v themselves_o then_o most_o happy_a when_o they_o take_v up_o with_o the_o entertainment_n of_o their_o vineyard_n as_o to_o the_o profit_n arise_v from_o a_o country_n life_n it_o be_v superfluous_a to_o enlarge_v on_o that_o which_o be_v so_o obvious_a to_o all_o the_o world_n and_o first_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o general_n or_o commonwealth_n this_o be_v that_o great_a vein_n by_o which_o the_o blood_n be_v distribute_v through_o all_o part_n of_o the_o body_n or_o rather_o the_o very_a blood_n itself_o since_o it_o be_v disfuse_v over_o the_o whole_a nor_o can_v any_o part_n or_o member_n subsist_v without_o it_o it_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n forasmuch_o as_o all_o the_o manufacture_n and_o commodity_n which_o we_o export_v or_o receive_v from_o foreign_a part_n be_v but_o the_o production_n of_o the_o earth_n at_o the_o first_o or_o second_o hand_n corn_n wine_n oil_n fruit_n cloth_n linen_n or_o woollen_a silk_n etc._n etc._n be_v all_o of_o they_o the_o offspring_n of_o the_o earth_n cultivate_v by_o art_n and_o industry_n and_o as_o the_o husbandman_n be_v most_o necessary_a to_o the_o public_a in_o time_n of_o peace_n so_o be_v he_o as_o useful_a in_o time_n of_o war_n since_o all_o the_o store_n and_o magazine_n by_o which_o garrison_n and_o army_n in_o the_o field_n be_v sustain_v be_v derive_v from_o his_o labour_n and_o providence_n the_o description_n therefore_o which_o the_o poet_n give_v of_o old_a italy_n that_o it_o be_v potens_fw-la armis_fw-la atque_fw-la vbere_fw-la gleba_fw-la be_v well_o concert_v for_o italy_n as_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o fruitful_a so_o it_o be_v the_o most_o martial_a and_o victorious_a country_n under_o heaven_n give_v law_n to_o all_o other_o nation_n so_o that_o be_v it_o under_o the_o command_n of_o one_o prince_n it_o may_v possible_o pretend_v to_o be_v once_o more_o the_o mistress_n of_o the_o world_n as_o it_o be_v heretofore_o when_o the_o boundary_n of_o its_o empire_n be_v the_o ocean_n which_o it_o exceed_v to_o in_o greatness_n of_o extent_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v possible_a for_o flanders_n with_o the_o other_o neighbour_a country_n to_o sustain_v such_o vast_a army_n and_o to_o have_v be_v the_o seat_n of_o war_n and_o desolation_n for_o so_o many_o age_n together_o with_o such_o immense_a loss_n and_o calamity_n be_v they_o not_o enable_v thereunto_o by_o the_o invincible_a industry_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n and_o by_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n in_o the_o next_o place_n if_o we_o regard_v the_o particular_a interest_n of_o private_a person_n no_o less_o obvious_a be_v it_o that_o nothing_o can_v more_o advance_v it_o than_o husbandry_n the_o great_a estate_n and_o fortune_n which_o many_o man_n arrive_v to_o this_o way_n be_v a_o certain_a proof_n of_o this_o truth_n if_o some_o miscarry_v it_o be_v no_o wonder_n whether_o it_o be_v through_o their_o own_o ill_a course_n of_o life_n ignorance_n or_o negligence_n or_o perhaps_o from_o some_o sinister_a accident_n from_o which_o no_o state_n or_o condition_n can_v be_v exempt_v but_o in_o the_o general_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o consider_v the_o vast_a number_n of_o man_n who_o make_v profession_n of_o husbandry_n none_o make_v a_o sure_a fortune_n than_o those_o who_o follow_v it_o there_o be_v ten_o bankrupt_a tradesman_n or_o merchant_n for_o one_o husbandman_n consideration_n be_v have_v i_o say_v to_o the_o farm_n which_o far_o exceed_v the_o shop_n in_o number_n and_o as_o to_o our_o native_a country_n in_o particular_a it_o enjoy_v certain_o many_o advantage_n above_o any_o country_n whatsoever_o for_o in_o foreign_a kingdom_n so_o it_o happen_v that_o one_o province_n abound_v only_o with_o corn_n another_o be_v in_o reputation_n for_o wine_n a_o three_o be_v eminent_a for_o herbage_n a_o four_o for_o boscage_n in_o which_o case_n man_n must_v be_v behold_v to_o remote_a part_n for_o necessary_n which_o be_v a_o business_n of_o great_a expense_n trouble_v and_o delay_v for_o instance_n picardy_n and_o normandy_n be_v great_a corn-country_n but_o have_v little_a wood_n wine_n or_o pasturage_n all_o which_o necessary_n be_v from_o far_o be_v very_o chargeable_a holland_n be_v famous_a for_o butter_n and_o cheese_n but_o it_o must_v be_v oblige_v to_o foreign_a country_n for_o almost_o all_o its_o other_o commodity_n whereas_o with_o we_o in_o england_n there_o be_v rare_o a_o farm_n of_o fifty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la but_o have_v meadow_n and_o pasture-ground_n belong_v to_o it_o together_o with_o some_o wood_n or_o coppice_n as_o likewise_o with_o arable_a land_n for_o corn_n with_o sheep-pasture_n as_o also_o with_o tree_n for_o building_n for_o the_o occasion_n of_o husbandry_n for_o fire_n and_o in_o many_o place_n for_o fruit_n and_o rich_a liquor_n be_v yet_o far_o bless_v with_o fresh_a and_o wholesome_a water_n almost_o in_o every_o ground_n or_o with_o some_o little_a rivulet_n or_o brook_n run_v near_o it_o so_o that_o a_o man_n enjoy_v all_o thing_n almost_o within_o himself_o of_o which_o he_o can_v stand_v in_o need_n without_o any_o dependence_n upon_o other_o or_o of_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o want_n by_o any_o difficulty_n in_o the_o conveyance_n though_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o in_o some_o respect_v foreign_a country_n have_v a_o advantage_n over_o we_o not_o only_o from_o the_o sun_n and_o temper_n of_o the_o soil_n which_o general_o require_v less_o manurement_n than_o with_o we_o but_o also_o from_o the_o wood_n which_o in_o hot_a country_n be_v much_o more_o easy_a be_v general_o dry_a smooth_a and_o fit_a for_o team_n or_o carriage_n at_o all_o season_n or_o else_o they_o have_v artificial_a canal_n as_o in_o the_o low-countries_n which_o indeed_o be_v a_o thing_n very_o considerable_a to_o a_o farmer_n who_o keep_v the_o market_n so_o that_o little_a profit_n may_v be_v expect_v from_o a_o farm_n be_v the_o ground_n never_o so_o good_a which_o lie_v not_o near_o to_o a_o good_a market-town_n or_o which_o want_v the_o conveniency_n of_o good_a road_n or_o of_o a_o navigable_a river_n the_o italian_a say_v of_o buona_n terra_n cativa_fw-la gente_fw-la have_v be_v by_o some_o apply_v to_o our_o country_n with_o respect_n doubtless_o to_o the_o peasantry_n of_o this_o nation_n for_o as_o for_o the_o ancient_a gentry_n
many_o collect_v from_o virgil_n geor._n 1_o saepe_fw-la etiam_fw-la sterilis_fw-la incendere_fw-la proferet_fw-la agros_fw-la atque_fw-la levem_fw-la stipulem_fw-la crepitantibus_fw-la vtere_fw-la flammis_fw-la the_o benefit_n whereof_o our_o poet_n make_v to_o consist_v in_o the_o power_n and_o virtue_n which_o the_o fire_n have_v to_o purge_v out_o the_o crude_a humour_n of_o the_o earth_n when_o he_o tell_v we_o omne_fw-la per_fw-la ignem_fw-la excoquitur_fw-la vitium_fw-la atque_fw-la exsudat_fw-la inutilis_fw-la humour_n the_o same_o method_n likewise_o of_o burn_v the_o stubble_n upon_o the_o ground_n be_v much_o use_v at_o this_o day_n in_o the_o campaine_n of_o rome_n at_o which_o time_n the_o air_n be_v very_o scorch_a and_o unhealthy_a the_o heat_n of_o the_o climate_n be_v very_o much_o increase_v by_o such_o general_a burn_n attend_v with_o so_o much_o smoke_n in_o a_o word_n this_o way_n of_o burn_v be_v all_o the_o help_n they_o have_v in_o a_o manner_n in_o the_o hot_a country_n where_o the_o paucity_n of_o cattle_n will_v not_o afford_v soil_n to_o dress_v the_o ten_o part_n of_o their_o tillage_n so_o that_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o climate_n with_o a_o little_a help_n from_o their_o stubble_n tree_n do_v do_v that_o which_o we_o of_o the_o cold_a region_n be_v force_v to_o purchase_v with_o four_o time_n more_o charge_n and_o trouble_v rag_n cut_v or_o chop_v to_o piece_n be_v use_v in_o many_o place_n as_o a_o great_a help_n to_o tillage_n and_o it_o be_v strange_a to_o see_v what_o a_o crop_n of_o corn_n some_o barren_a flinty_a ground_n shall_v yield_v after_o such_o a_o manurement_n in_o dress_v of_o ground_n with_o dung_n it_o be_v good_a to_o let_v it_o lie_v a_o little_a in_o the_o heap_n and_o digest_v the_o rawness_n of_o it_o in_o the_o sun_n for_o turn_v in_o fresh_a it_o be_v not_o so_o good_a and_o to_o let_v it_o lie_v too_o long_o the_o fat_a and_o oily_a part_n will_v be_v too_o much_o exhale_v many_o husbandman_n especial_o in_o open_a common_a field_n where_o they_o can_v follow_v their_o land_n unless_o all_o agree_v together_o sow_v vetch_n which_o serve_v their_o horse_n all_o the_o summer_n by_o hitch_v they_o on_o the_o land_n where_o they_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o eat_v it_o bear_v and_o leave_v good_a store_n of_o dung_n in_o the_o place_n this_o method_n be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v as_o good_a almost_o as_o a_o fallow_a with_o dung_v and_o be_v perform_v with_o no_o charge_n nor_o trouble_n many_o likewise_o before_o they_o sow_v their_o grain_n especial_o wheat_n steep_v it_o in_o urine_n or_o brine_n that_o it_o may_v imbibe_n the_o salt_n and_o then_o they_o flower_v it_o with_o lime_n this_o they_o do_v not_o only_o to_o strengthen_v and_o cherish_v the_o corn_n against_o the_o cold_a and_o moistness_n of_o the_o winter_n season_n but_o also_o to_o prevent_v bird_n swine_n worm_n and_o the_o like_a from_o feed_v on_o it_o husbandman_n likewise_o observe_v to_o buy_v such_o seed_n as_o grow_v upon_o a_o poor_a ground_n than_o that_o on_o which_o they_o intend_v to_o sow_v it_o if_o the_o seed_n be_v fair_a and_o full_a it_o may_v do_v very_o well_o but_o not_o otherwise_o for_o it_o be_v with_o grain_n as_o it_o be_v with_o plant_n or_o tree_n the_o full_a and_o more_o thrive_a the_o better_a the_o season_n for_o sow_v every_o sort_n of_o grain_n after_o its_o kind_n must_v be_v leave_v to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o prudent_a husbandman_n who_o must_v have_v regard_n to_o the_o temper_n of_o his_o land_n if_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o weed_n and_o in_o good_a heart_n and_o strength_n the_o late_a the_o ground_n be_v sow_o the_o better_a will_v be_v the_o crop_n for_o the_o purpose_n barley_n may_v be_v sow_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o may_n for_o be_v a_o quick_a grower_n the_o very_a dew_n will_v in_o a_o week_n time_n bring_v it_o forth_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n it_o will_v get_v a_o head_n over_o the_o weed_n which_o require_v a_o long_a time_n to_o show_v themselves_o and_o will_v not_o be_v so_o apt_a to_o thrive_v in_o hot_a wether_n but_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v dry_a and_o sandy_a the_o soon_o any_o sort_n of_o corn_n be_v sow_o in_o it_o it_o be_v the_o better_a for_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n join_v to_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n or_o soil_v will_v endanger_v the_o crop_n and_o make_v it_o turn_v yellow_a and_o wither_v but_o if_o in_o case_n it_o prove_v a_o cool_a and_o wet_a summer_n it_o may_v do_v very_o well_o so_o that_o maugre_o all_o the_o care_n and_o foresight_n of_o the_o honest_a husbandman_n he_o must_v depend_v much_o upon_o the_o dispensation_n of_o heaven_n which_o neiâ—her_n himself_o nor_o the_o wise_a man_n upon_o earth_n can_v foresee_v and_o therefore_o both_o he_o and_o every_o man_n else_o how_o great_a and_o provident_a soever_o after_o he_o have_v cast_v his_o business_n into_o the_o best_a method_n his_o reason_n can_v propose_v must_v still_o depend_v upon_o providence_n as_o to_o the_o event_n there_o be_v so_o many_o accident_n which_o may_v traverse_v his_o design_n and_o such_o as_o can_v never_o be_v provide_v against_o nor_o foresee_v the_o same_o discretion_n be_v to_o be_v use_v in_o the_o sow_v of_o winter-grain_n for_o light_n sandy_a ground_n sow_o late_o will_v rare_o bring_v forth_o a_o crop_n unless_o well_o stercorate_v but_o be_v early_o sow_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n will_v cherish_v the_o seed_n without_o danger_n of_o weed_n whereas_o the_o ground_n which_o be_v more_o fat_a and_o rich_a be_v natural_o subject_a to_o breed_v weed_n and_o grass_n will_v quick_o push_v they_o forth_o and_o choke_v the_o good_a grain_n in_o the_o come_n forth_o but_o when_o such_o rich_a ground_n be_v late_o sow_o upon_o there_o be_v no_o danger_n for_o the_o weed_n will_v not_o stir_v towards_o winter_n and_o the_o grain_n be_v lodge_v in_o the_o earth_n will_v weather_v out_o the_o cold_a season_n well_o enough_o and_o spring_n too_o when_o grass_n and_o weed_n be_v pinch_v by_o the_o cold_a wether_n i_o doubt_v not_o of_o winter_n grain_n as_o wheat_n and_o rye_n sow_o in_o february_n if_o the_o season_n be_v dry_a and_o the_o earth_n crumble_a or_o mellow_a but_o that_o it_o will_v be_v as_o forward_o as_o that_o which_o be_v sow_o at_o michaelmas_n or_o allhallontide_n especial_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v well_o temper_v and_o clean_o from_o weed_n and_o covet-grass_n which_o two_o plowing_n will_v do_v one_o viz._n as_o soon_o as_o the_o crop_n be_v off_o the_o ground_n the_o other_o about_o christmas_n if_o the_o season_n will_v permit_v but_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o the_o wether_n will_v discourage_v the_o wary_a husbandman_n but_o in_o case_n i_o say_v the_o wether_n shall_v prove_v favourable_a and_o a_o man_n be_v otherways_o hinder_v from_o sow_v his_o land_n at_o the_o usual_a season_n and_o that_o the_o ground_n be_v due_o turn_v and_o in_o good_a heart_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n for_o despair_v of_o a_o crop_n but_o husbandman_n especial_o farmer_n like_o their_o horse_n and_o team_n love_v still_o to_o travel_v in_o a_o beat_a road_n for_o shall_v they_o once_o miscarry_v in_o a_o project_n beside_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o crop_n they_o will_v think_v they_o shall_v be_v laugh_v at_o by_o their_o neighbour_n and_o be_v point_v at_o in_o the_o market_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o we_o rare_o meet_v with_o any_o new_a discovery_n or_o improvement_n of_o husbandry_n from_o a_o laborious_a farmer_n the_o straightness_n of_o who_o circumstance_n will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o venture_v a_o certain_a expense_n upon_o a_o uncertain_a return_n when_o the_o method_n be_v new_a and_o unusual_a though_o he_o risk_v the_o same_o thing_n daily_o as_o to_o the_o fruit_n of_o his_o labour_n which_o depend_v as_o i_o have_v say_v upon_o many_o contingence_n which_o lie_v beyond_o his_o care_n and_o foresight_n snow_n do_v much_o preserve_v corn_n from_o the_o injury_n of_o frost_n and_o wind_n but_o above_o all_o the_o husbandman_n ought_v to_o have_v regard_n to_o keep_v his_o furrow_n clean_o and_o to_o make_v furrow_n also_o slope_v across_o his_o land_n to_o drain_v the_o gaul_n and_o carry_v off_o the_o winter-water_n than_o which_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o injurious_a beside_o the_o kill_n of_o want_n or_o mole_n which_o every_o husbandman_n will_v be_v sufficient_o advertise_v of_o from_o his_o own_o daily_a damage_n more_o than_o ordinary_a care_n ought_v to_o be_v have_v to_o his_o furrow_n especial_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o land_n for_o though_o these_o pernicious_a animal_n do_v a_o vast_a deal_n of_o spoil_n by_o their_o hillock_n it_o be_v much_o great_a mischief_n which_o they_o do_v by_o stop_v up_o the_o end_n of_o the_o furrow_n for_o in_o such_o place_n it_o be_v
and_o sometime_o of_o be_v hang_v in_o the_o briar_n they_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o disease_n call_v the_o wood-evil_a which_o be_v a_o bladder_n of_o water_n gather_v in_o the_o head_n which_o make_v they_o turn_v round_o and_o so_o they_o will_v continue_v in_o the_o same_o place_n and_o in_o that_o giddy_a turn_a condition_n till_o they_o die_v when_o a_o sheep_n therefore_o be_v take_v with_o this_o distemper_n the_o butcher_n must_v cure_v he_o nevertheless_o young_a cattle_n thrive_v best_a in_o rough_a woody_a ground_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o covert_a and_o the_o large_a walk_n such_o place_n yield_v and_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o be_v defend_v from_o the_o fly_n and_o the_o breeze_n the_o grass_n likewise_o of_o such_o place_n though_o course_n and_o sour_a agree_v well_o enough_o with_o young_a cattle_n which_o will_v not_o pay_v for_o their_o keep_v be_v they_o to_o feed_v in_o rich_a pasture_n horse_n especial_o where_o we_o will_v have_v a_o good_a breed_n require_v likewise_o a_o large_a walk_n and_o woody_a such_o as_o those_o in_o park_n which_o be_v dry_a and_o hard_a at_o the_o bottom_n and_o withal_o stony_a yet_o cover_v with_o a_o sweet_a turf_n and_o abound_v with_o fresh_a spring_n thicket_n and_o some_o lawn_n or_o pasturage_n disperse_v in_o valley_n and_o fatten_v with_o little_a rivulet_n and_o upon_o this_o score_n it_o be_v that_o the_o northern_a part_n afford_v the_o best_a horse_n for_o the_o ground_n be_v poor_a they_o can_v afford_v they_o a_o large_a range_v which_o help_v their_o wind_n and_o teach_v they_o to_o use_v their_o leg_n and_o the_o stony_a ground_n make_v their_o heel_n tough_a and_o hard_a as_o for_o the_o dairy_n as_o also_o for_o the_o working-cattle_n and_o the_o like_a the_o better_a the_o pasturage_n the_o better_a the_o return_n if_o the_o ground_n be_v overgrow_v with_o couch_n or_o foggy_a grass_n the_o best_a way_n will_v be_v to_o eat_v it_o down_o in_o winter_n with_o hungry_a hardy_a cattle_n and_o in_o the_o spring_n when_o the_o young_a grass_n begin_v to_o peep_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n as_o certain_o it_o will_v and_o soon_o than_o in_o other_o pasturage_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o thick_a dead_a couch_n or_o grass_n which_o keep_v it_o warm_a and_o defend_v it_o from_o the_o wind_n and_o frost_n then_o be_v the_o time_n to_o turn_v in_o cattle_n and_o especial_o horse_n which_o taste_v of_o the_o young_a spring_a grass_n will_v pluck_v up_o the_o dead_a and_o wither_a together_o with_o it_o afterwhich_v let_v it_o be_v eat_v bare_a with_o sheep_n which_o as_o they_o feed_v will_v fatten_v the_o ground_n with_o their_o dung_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n will_v the_o ground_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o fine_a sweet_a turf_n pasture-ground_n be_v improve_v several_a way_n at_o first_o by_o sow_v of_o foreign_a seed_n such_o as_o clover_n st._n foin_n and_o the_o like_a all_o which_o seed_n must_v be_v sow_o along_o with_o the_o grain_n or_o a_o little_a after_o the_o ground_n be_v prepare_v or_o make_v very_o fine_a and_o by_o this_o mean_n when_o the_o grain_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v barley_n be_v above_o ground_n and_o grow_v to_o some_o strength_n the_o seed_n whether_o of_o clover_n or_o of_o st._n foin_n for_o the_o purpose_n will_v be_v spring_v up_o without_o prejudice_n to_o the_o crop_n and_o keep_v back_o and_o suppress_v weed_n which_o otherways_o will_v endanger_v the_o corn_n and_o poison_v the_o ground_n for_o some_o time_n after_o clover_n thrive_v almost_o in_o all_o sort_n of_o ground_n unless_o very_o stony_a or_o very_a wet_a land_n but_o it_o be_v most_o proper_a for_o a_o mix_v land_n such_o as_o partake_v of_o a_o sand_n and_o something_o a_o fat_a glebe_n the_o same_o manurement_n or_o dress_n which_o serve_v for_o barley_n will_v serve_v likewise_o for_o clover_n which_o will_v last_v good_a in_o the_o ground_n for_o three_o year_n by_o which_o mean_v that_o land_n which_o be_v not_o worth_a a_o noble_a a_o acre_n will_v be_v worth_a 30_o s._n a_o acre_n this_o sort_n of_o grass_n may_v be_v mow_v twice_o a_o year_n the_o first_o crop_n serve_v for_o hay_n the_o second_o they_o cut_v for_o seed_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o september_n when_o the_o blossom_n be_v full_o wither_v for_o it_o must_v lie_v wither_v on_o the_o ground_n for_o some_o time_n and_o be_v house_v very_o dry_a which_o be_v something_o difficult_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o long_a dew_n and_o the_o decline_a sun_n at_o this_o season_n of_o the_o year_n this_o sort_n of_o grass_n be_v very_o good_a for_o horse_n and_o to_o feed_v pig_n and_o fatten_v sheep_n but_o for_o cattle_n as_o cow_n or_o ox_n if_o they_o be_v turn_v in_o hungry_a they_o will_v be_v in_o danger_n of_o overfilling_a themselves_o and_o by_o this_o mean_n to_o swell_v and_o burst_v for_o this_o sort_n of_o food_n be_v exceed_o sweet_a and_o luscious_a the_o way_n than_o be_v to_o turn_v in_o cattle_n when_o they_o be_v full_a though_o at_o the_o best_a this_o sort_n of_o food_n be_v not_o so_o kind_a for_o they_o as_o grass_n when_o the_o clover_n be_v wear_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n as_o general_o it_o last_v not_o above_o three_o or_o four_o year_n at_o most_o the_o ground_n will_v quick_o come_v to_o a_o grassy_a turf_n so_o that_o i_o hold_v it_o absolute_o necessary_a for_o every_o one_o who_o lay_v down_o his_o ground_n sore_a pasturage_n to_o leave_v it_o with_o clover_n this_o sort_n of_o improvement_n be_v much_o practise_v in_o herefordshire_n worcestershire_n and_o some_o part_n of_o glocestershire_n and_o after_o some_o little_a interval_n of_o time_n it_o may_v be_v renew_v again_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n and_o so_o on_o the_o soil_n be_v first_o due_o dress_v and_o prepare_v for_o corn._n st._n foin_n where_o it_o like_v the_o ground_n be_v much_o more_o profitable_a than_o clover_n because_o of_o long_a continuance_n it_o require_v a_o quite_o different_a soil_n from_o clover_n for_o it_o thrive_v best_a in_o a_o hilly_a stony_a cold_a and_o barren_a ground_n but_o dry_a such_o as_o that_o in_o the_o high_a part_n of_o glocestershire_n oxfordshire_n and_o other_o place_n of_o the_o kingdom_n this_o sort_n of_o grass_n may_v be_v mow_v from_o year_n to_o year_n for_o divers_a year_n together_o and_o when_o it_o die_v after_o a_o few_o year_n intermission_n the_o sow_v of_o it_o may_v be_v renew_v again_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n etc._n etc._n the_o fodder_n be_v exceed_o good_a for_o horse_n and_o not_o unkind_a for_o cattle_n so_o that_o by_o mean_n hereof_o the_o ground_n which_o before_o be_v not_o worth_a two_o shilling_n a_o acre_n shall_v be_v worth_a twenty_o shilling_n a_o acre_n and_o better_o the_o reason_n why_o st._n foin_n thrive_v so_o well_o in_o dry_a stony_a barren_a ground_n be_v this_o it_o be_v a_o plant_n which_o shoot_v its_o small_a fibrous_a root_n a_o great_a depth_n in_o the_o ground_n deep_a far_o than_o grain_n or_o common_a herb_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o stony_a surface_n can_v run_v low_a whereas_o st._n foin_n creep_v deep_a by_o its_o root_n betwixt_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o stone_n where_o the_o vegitative_a nutriment_n can_v be_v suck_v by_o such_o plant_n as_o feed_v upon_o the_o surface_n which_o general_o lie_v no_o deep_a than_o the_o blow_n and_o because_o st._n foin_n require_v a_o dry_a soil_n such_o barren_a dry_a ground_n be_v most_o sit_v for_o it_o the_o stony_a surface_n and_o the_o decline_a situation_n utter_o forbid_v any_o moisture_n to_o sink_v far_o into_o it_o clover_n likewise_o shoot_v down_o a_o good_a depth_n but_o not_o so_o deep_a as_o st._n foin_n and_o be_v in_o a_o short_a time_n supplant_v by_o other_o herb_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o prosper_v best_a in_o a_o thrive_a and_o loose_a soil_n and_o general_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o such_o herb_n as_o be_v perennial_a shoot_v deep_a root_v downward_o as_o hop_n dock_n ferne_n broom_n nettles_n and_o the_o like_a whereas_o they_o which_o be_v annual_a lie_v shallow_a on_o the_o surface_n ray_n or_o rye_n grain_n be_v a_o spiry_n benty_n sort_n of_o grass_n and_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o improvement_n much_o of_o the_o same_o continuance_n with_o clover_n and_o thrive_v best_a in_o cold_a wet_a and_o gauly_a ground_n it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o in_o vogue_n as_o clover_n or_o st._n foin_n another_o way_n of_o improve_n pasturage_n be_v by_o soil_n or_o dress_v of_o the_o ground_n such_o as_o dung_n which_o have_v be_v rot_v some_o year_n as_o likewise_o shoveling_n of_o fold_n and_o the_o mud_n of_o pool_n and_o ditch_n after_o two_o or_o three_o year_n mellow_n but_o i_o know_v not_o any_o thing_n which_o improve_v pasturage_n more_o than_o mault-dust_n so_o that_o every_o one_o who_o trade_n in_o sell_v of_o
so_o much_o in_o the_o man_n but_o something_o also_o in_o the_o government_n and_o more_o in_o the_o circumstance_n of_o these_o uncultivated_a place_n which_o natural_o incline_v man_n to_o barbarity_n and_o ignorance_n as_o for_o the_o sterility_n of_o commons_o something_o may_v be_v say_v against_o it_o be_v we_o sure_a to_o have_v a_o good_a utterance_n for_o the_o fruit_n of_o such_o new_a improvement_n but_o as_o the_o case_n now_o stand_v we_o want_v rather_o man_n to_o be_v feed_v than_o meat_n to_o feed_v they_o and_o where_o there_o be_v plenty_n of_o provision_n if_o there_o be_v not_o wealth_n proportionable_a it_o will_v quick_o cloy_v or_o turn_v to_o surfeit_n for_o man_n may_v be_v poor_a that_o be_v without_o a_o penny_n in_o their_o purse_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o full_a crop_n and_o herd_n of_o cattle_n since_o we_o be_v not_o in_o the_o primitive_a golden_a age_n of_o the_o world_n when_o that_o metal_n be_v least_o in_o request_n and_o when_o all_o thing_n be_v procure_v by_o barter_n or_o truck_v but_o rather_o in_o the_o silver_n one_o where_o whatsoever_o we_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o can_v not_o otherways_o be_v obtain_v but_o by_o the_o divinity_n of_o money_n the_o horse_n which_o be_v breed_v upon_o such_o commons_o must_v be_v confess_v likewise_o to_o be_v shrivel_a and_o grubbish_v but_o withal_o be_v hardy_a they_o be_v fit_a for_o all_o sort_n of_o mean_a drudgery_n to_o which_o better_a flesh_n may_v not_o willing_o be_v expose_v so_o that_o if_o two_o of_o these_o little_a garrans_n go_v to_o the_o make_v up_o of_o one_o tolerable_a horse_n there_o be_v no_o great_a loss_n than_o for_o a_o man_n to_o have_v two_o six_o pence_n instead_o of_o one_o shilling_n which_o as_o they_o be_v of_o equal_a value_n so_o be_v the_o lesser_a piece_n more_o useful_a for_o change_n and_o barter_n and_o he_o who_o gain_v his_o livelihood_n by_o the_o labour_n of_o such_o cheap_a carrion_n if_o one_o of_o they_o come_v to_o a_o mischance_n the_o loss_n be_v not_o great_a whereas_o the_o death_n of_o one_o good_a horse_n will_v be_v the_o utter_a ruin_n perhaps_o of_o a_o poor_a man_n family_n and_o although_o our_o cottager_n be_v find_v general_o to_o be_v too_o lazy_a and_o void_a of_o morality_n yet_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o there_o be_v rare_o any_o one_o of_o these_o hut_n or_o cabin_n but_o have_v its_o little_a enclosure_n lie_v round_o about_o it_o as_o for_o example_n a_o pretty_a plot_n of_o ground_n like_o a_o meadow_n from_o whence_o he_o mow_v a_o modicum_fw-la of_o hay_n to_o keep_v his_o cow_n or_o a_o few_o sheep_n against_o the_o injury_n of_o the_o winter_n as_o likewise_o a_o little_a rib_n of_o tillage_n for_o breadcorn_n or_o perhaps_o a_o slender_a orchard_n or_o some_o other_o plantation_n of_o tree_n to_o shelter_v he_o from_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o wether_n so_o that_o every_o such_o cottage_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o epitome_n of_o a_o more_o voluminous_a farm_n which_o be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o pleasant_a to_o the_o eye_n not_o of_o the_o owner_n i_o mean_v but_o of_o the_o spectator_n by_o how_o much_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o landscape_n be_v contract_v into_o a_o lesser_a compass_n and_o i_o have_v oftentimes_o stand_v and_o pause_v a_o while_n in_o view_v these_o rural_a mansion_n consider_v with_o myself_o within_o how_o small_a a_o circle_n the_o familiar_a enjoyment_n and_o the_o most_o innocent_a delight_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v confine_v and_o how_o little_o may_v suffice_v to_o relieve_v the_o necessity_n of_o nature_n as_o for_o the_o suppress_v of_o cottage_n as_o it_o will_v be_v unpolitick_a so_o will_v it_o be_v most_o unjust_a without_o a_o due_a regard_n first_o have_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o will_v be_v no_o injury_n but_o a_o benefit_n to_o such_o people_n who_o have_v live_v time_n immemorial_n in_o such_o place_n they_o have_v as_o good_a a_o title_n to_o their_o habitation_n as_o if_o they_o have_v continue_v there_o from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o world_n i_o know_v in_o case_n of_o a_o general_n necessity_n the_o right_n of_o particular_a person_n may_v be_v impeach_v for_o the_o prevent_v of_o a_o great_a evil_n as_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o blow_v up_o a_o house_n without_o the_o owner_n leave_v to_o prevent_v a_o conflagration_n or_o in_o case_n a_o ship_n be_v ready_a to_o sink_v it_o be_v lawful_a likewise_o to_o cast_v a_o private_a person_n be_v good_n into_o the_o sea_n to_o lighten_v the_o burden_n but_o this_o only_o hold_v good_a then_o when_o a_o particular_a man_n concern_v be_v so_o twist_a with_o that_o of_o other_o that_o all_o must_v either_o sink_v or_o swim_v together_o but_o to_o invade_v any_o man_n private_a interest_n without_o his_o leave_n or_o due_a compensation_n have_v for_o his_o loss_n and_o for_o the_o benefit_n pure_o of_o other_o wherein_o the_o loser_n himself_o be_v not_o concern_v this_o be_v against_o reason_n so_o that_o we_o be_v careful_o to_o distinguish_v between_o a_o necessity_n and_o a_o convenience_n in_o case_n i_o say_v of_o common_a necessity_n it_o be_v better_a a_o part_n than_o a_o whole_a shall_v suffer_v but_o in_o case_n of_o convenience_n it_o be_v not_o so_o for_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o suffer_v for_o the_o advantage_n of_o other_o when_o the_o person_n suffering_n partake_v not_o of_o that_o advantage_n where_o by_o the_o way_n we_o may_v take_v leave_n to_o glance_v a_o little_a at_o the_o behaviour_n of_o some_o lord_n of_o manor_n who_o bailiff_n many_o time_n wheedle_n in_o the_o cottage_n as_o depend_v perhaps_o upon_o his_o lordship_n for_o their_o employment_n allow_v they_o liberty_n to_o build_v upon_o the_o be_v and_o to_o enclose_v ground_n perhaps_o give_v they_o a_o tree_n or_o two_o to_o carry_v on_o the_o design_n upon_o condition_n they_o will_v take_v a_o lease_n of_o such_o cottage_n for_o three_o life_n pay_v only_o some_o six_o penny_n chief_a rent_n upon_o the_o expiration_n of_o which_o term_n his_o hungry_a lordship_n swallow_v the_o poor_a cottage_n with_o all_o its_o member_n and_o dependency_n at_o a_o bit_n which_o by_o the_o sweat_n and_o labour_n of_o the_o poor_a defunct_a and_o his_o predecessor_n be_v improve_v to_o a_o kind_n of_o competency_n out_o of_o nothing_o whilst_o the_o remain_v of_o the_o poor_a family_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o naked_a world_n or_o else_o force_v to_o pay_v a_o good_a round_o fine_a for_o the_o renewal_n of_o that_o which_o be_v so_o dear_o purchase_v by_o their_o own_o pain_n and_o industry_n by_o which_o sly_a method_n the_o commonage_n will_v be_v engross_v in_o time_n and_o many_o whole_a family_n be_v devour_v to_o serve_v the_o appetite_n of_o a_o unsatiable_a patron_n a_o thing_n to_o which_o the_o parliament_n of_o this_o nation_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o special_a regard_n the_o member_n whereof_o many_o of_o they_o though_o lord_n of_o manor_n yet_o be_v it_o to_o be_v hope_v that_o they_o will_v act_v like_o man_n of_o trust_n and_o honour_n and_o not_o suffer_v fraud_n attend_v with_o so_o much_o inhumanity_n how_o conducible_a soever_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o their_o private_a interest_n to_o go_v without_o correction_n concern_v which_o as_o also_o many_o other_o point_v touch_v upon_o in_o this_o discourse_n though_o the_o definitive_a judgement_n belong_v to_o they_o yet_o every_o man_n endue_v with_o understanding_n have_v a_o judgement_n of_o discretion_n to_o know_v what_o be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n which_o reason_n will_v still_o carry_v a_o sway_n over_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n by_o a_o kind_n of_o influence_n not_o inferior_a to_o that_o of_o authority_n chap._n vii_o of_o coppice-wood_n the_o three_o general_n thing_n about_o which_o the_o good_a husbandman_n must_v be_v conversant_a be_v plant_v to_o which_o i_o shall_v speak_v under_o these_o particular_n first_o of_o wood_n or_o coppice_n next_o of_o tree_n useful_a for_o husbandry_n and_o last_o of_o fruit-tree_n in_o plant_v of_o a_o coppice_n great_a care_n ought_v to_o be_v have_v to_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o ground_n the_o ground_n than_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o little_a rise_n to_o the_o east_n for_o that_o be_v hold_v the_o best_a for_o timber_n and_o all_o under-wood_n likewise_o thrive_v best_a the_o more_o it_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o rising-sun_n it_o be_v no_o way_n profitable_a to_o suffer_v timber-tree_n to_o grow_v in_o coppice-wood_n unless_o on_o the_o skirt_n or_o outside_n where_o they_o may_v spread_v their_o branch_n without_o injury_n to_o the_o coppice_n and_o receive_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o where_o they_o grow_v amid_o the_o coppice_n they_o hurt_v one_o another_o for_o if_o timber-tree_n be_v lop_v they_o grow_v knotty_a and_o bare_a and_o if_o unlop_v the_o dropping_n of_o the_o
bough_n will_v spoil_v the_o growth_n of_o the_o coppice_n after_o a_o fellet_fw-la and_o the_o underwood_n likewise_o will_v rob_v the_o timber-tree_n of_o its_o nourishment_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o will_v extreme_o injure_v one_o another_o in_o cut_v of_o a_o coppice_n if_o the_o shoot_v be_v old_a it_o be_v best_o to_o pare_v they_o close_o to_o the_o ground_n for_o the_o young_a shoot_v will_v come_v up_o more_o thick_a and_o strong_a the_o pole_n after_o they_o be_v strip_v if_o they_o be_v leave_v stand_v a_o year_n will_v grow_v tough_a and_o hard_a at_o the_o heart_n and_o be_v never_o subject_a to_o the_o worm_n the_o same_o benefit_n may_v be_v procure_v by_o cut_v they_o down_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v strip_v and_o cast_v they_o into_o the_o water_n where_o they_o may_v lie_v for_o some_o time_n and_o then_o take_v out_o for_o use_n as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v it_o be_v very_o ill_a husbandry_n to_o suffer_v cattle_n to_o go_v into_o coppice-wood_n nevertheless_o after_o they_o be_v of_o seven_o or_o eight_o year_n growth_n colt_n may_v feed_v upon_o the_o lawn_n or_o walk_n of_o such_o wood_n without_o any_o great_a damage_n i_o hold_v ash_n to_o be_v very_o profitable_a in_o coppice_n for_o they_o will_v shoot_v up_o in_o height_n and_o grow_v very_o straight_o and_o make_v excellent_a hoop_n beside_o it_o be_v a_o quick_a grower_n i_o hold_v it_o very_o profitable_a likewise_o where_o a_o coppice_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v by_o set_v of_o acorn_n to_o sow_v crab-kernel_n among_o they_o for_o they_o will_v be_v raise_v much_o safe_a this_o way_n than_o in_o a_o nursery_n and_o may_v be_v remove_v without_o any_o injury_n to_o the_o coppice_n as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v what_o be_v pretend_v that_o such_o stock_n when_o they_o be_v remove_v or_o replant_v in_o a_o open_a place_n will_v not_o thrive_v as_o be_v remove_v out_o of_o a_o warm_a bed_n into_o the_o open_a air_n be_v a_o mere_a fancy_n for_o i_o have_v know_v such_o stock_n as_o forward_o as_o any_o and_o although_o the_o coppice-wood_n may_v shelter_v they_o from_o the_o cold_a wind_n yet_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o they_o suffer_v much_o more_o in_o the_o root_n which_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o spread_v itself_o far_o be_v choke_v up_o by_o the_o crowd_n of_o other_o root_n about_o they_o which_o also_o rob_v they_o of_o their_o due_a nourishment_n so_o that_o when_o they_o be_v translate_v from_o their_o hungry_a soil_n and_o their_o devour_a neighbour_n and_o thicket_n they_o will_v quick_o flourish_v and_o be_v more_o hardy_a than_o those_o which_o be_v raise_v in_o the_o nursery_n discourse_v once_o with_o a_o gentleman_n mr._n seal_v of_o cotton_n vnderidge_n in_o the_o county_n of_o gloster_n who_o be_v very_o curious_a and_o intelligent_a in_o these_o matter_n and_o of_o whatsoever_o relate_v to_o husbandry_n he_o make_v it_o out_o that_o a_o acre_n of_o coppice-wood_n on_o a_o plain_a may_v contain_v as_o much_o wood_n as_o two_o acre_n on_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n though_o that_o on_o the_o plain_a as_o likewise_o the_o ground_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o hill_n may_v seem_v both_o alike_o plant_v or_o equal_o thick_a in_o appearance_n which_o assertion_n though_o it_o look_v at_o first_o like_o a_o paradox_n contain_v a_o real_a truth_n as_o he_o make_v appear_v from_o this_o pyramidal_a or_o triangular_a figure_n a_o the_o basis_n represent_v the_o plain_a b_o b_o the_o two_o side_n of_o the_o triangular_a represent_v the_o side_n of_o the_o hill_n or_o mountain_n c_o c_o c_o c_o show_v the_o tree_n shoot_v from_o the_o plain_a and_o from_o the_o side_n for_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o matter_n a_o little_a and_o the_o order_n wherein_o tree_n grow_v upon_o a_o plain_a and_o upon_o a_o hang_a surface_n we_o shall_v find_v they_o perfect_o stretch_v themselves_o in_o such_o order_n as_o the_o figure_n represent_v so_o that_o if_o the_o hill_n or_o mountain_n be_v very_o high_a and_o steep_a one_o acre_n at_o the_o bottom_n may_v contain_v four_o time_n the_o quantity_n of_o wood_n as_o a_o acre_n on_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n a_o thing_n which_o all_o who_o deal_n in_o wood_n aught_o to_o have_v regard_n to_o a_o plantation_n of_o coppice-wood_n be_v a_o thing_n of_o great_a profit_n for_o by_o this_o mean_n ground_n which_o be_v not_o worth_a five_o shilling_n a_o acre_n will_v be_v worth_a twenty_o and_o better_o it_o be_v true_a it_o will_v be_v 18_o or_o 20_o year_n before_o we_o come_v to_o reap_v the_o fruit_n of_o our_o labour_n which_o may_v discourage_v those_o perhaps_o who_o be_v advance_v in_o year_n from_o enter_v upon_o a_o project_n of_o which_o peradventure_o they_o may_v never_o see_v the_o effect_n but_o man_n be_v not_o bear_v only_o for_o themselves_o but_o must_v be_v mindful_a also_o of_o posterity_n whether_o descend_v from_o themselves_o or_o such_o as_o shall_v rise_v up_o in_o succeed_a age_n and_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o the_o profit_n which_o shall_v accrue_v this_o way_n as_o it_o be_v great_a so_o it_o be_v more_o laudable_a than_o what_o may_v arise_v from_o the_o return_v of_o a_o long_a sleep_a mortgage_n and_o there_o be_v further_a advantage_n in_o copoice_n or_o wood_n above_o other_o land_n that_o they_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o sink_v in_o their_o value_n or_o encumber_v we_o as_o tillage_n and_o pasture_n which_o sometime_o for_o want_n of_o tenant_n sometime_o by_o the_o fall_n of_o cattle_n or_o corn_n or_o some_o accident_n or_o other_o become_v very_o hazardous_a and_o troublesome_a and_o require_v continual_a expense_n to_o maintain_v they_o whereas_o coppice-wood_n be_v a_o little_a look_v to_o and_o preserve_v from_o cattle_n for_o some_o time_n after_o they_o be_v cut_v there_o be_v no_o more_o trouble_n with_o they_o and_o we_o reap_v the_o profit_n of_o they_o in_o a_o good_a round_a sum_n or_o in_o gross_a whereas_o other_o land_n make_v their_o return_v by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o as_o it_o be_v by_o retail_n so_o that_o money_n melt_v away_o insensible_o or_o in_o trifle_a service_n perhaps_o further_o yet_o a_o plantation_n of_o coppice-wood_n as_o it_o be_v most_o profitable_a to_o a_o private_a undertaker_n so_o be_v it_o most_o pleasant_a and_o ornamental_a if_o near_o a_o gentleman_n house_n if_o it_o be_v seat_v therefore_o on_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n i_o hold_v it_o very_o beautiful_a and_o graceful_a to_o plant_v a_o coppice_n on_o the_o decline_a ground_n lead_v to_o it_o and_o so_o to_o cut_v glade_n or_o avenue_n which_o may_v give_v a_o view_n and_o prospect_n of_o the_o seat_n which_o road_n or_o walk_n if_o well_o keep_v and_o regular_o cut_v be_v far_o more_o graceful_a than_o row_v of_o tree_n where_o the_o fail_v of_o some_o here_o and_o there_o make_v a_o great_a gap_n in_o the_o walk_n of_o which_o there_o be_v no_o danger_n in_o thick_a tuft_n of_o wood_n and_o beside_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o shade_n such_o place_n be_v more_o delightful_a from_o the_o bird_n and_o game_n with_o which_o they_o may_v be_v store_v such_o gentleman_n therefore_o who_o build_v for_o pleasure_n aught_o to_o have_v regard_n to_o this_o particular_a as_o also_o to_o have_v spring_n or_o little_a current_n lie_v about_o their_o house_n which_o may_v serve_v for_o use_n and_o ornament_n of_o which_o more_o hereafter_o hitherto_o i_o have_v speak_v a_o little_a of_o plant_v wood_n with_o regard_n only_o to_o the_o private_a interest_n and_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o planter_n but_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o public_a the_o advantage_n certain_o be_v much_o more_o considerable_a which_o hence_o arise_v for_o it_o be_v by_o such_o plantation_n that_o our_o arsenal_n be_v from_o age_n to_o age_n store_v with_o ship-timber_n and_o consequent_o the_o best_a safety_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o nation_n depend_v upon_o they_o so_o that_o the_o decay_n of_o timber_n in_o a_o age_n where_o there_o be_v twice_o the_o occasion_n for_o it_o as_o former_o can_v but_o portend_v unavoidable_a danger_n for_o the_o future_a if_o due_a regard_n be_v not_o have_v hereunto_o and_o true_o upon_o the_o dreadful_a fire_n of_o london_n have_v not_o norway_n denmark_n and_o sweden_n furnish_v we_o with_o plenty_n of_o material_n for_o its_o repair_n there_o will_v hardly_o have_v be_v any_o good_a timber-building_n leave_v in_o the_o kingdom_n another_o thing_n which_o seem_v very_o much_o to_o render_v good_a timber_n scarce_o especial_o oak_n be_v the_o severe_a frost_n in_o 83_o which_o make_v gap_n in_o infinite_a number_n of_o they_o by_o which_o they_o be_v become_v seedy_a or_o shatter_v and_o unfit_a for_o plank_n and_o all_o better_a use_v whilst_o other_o receive_v such_o a_o cheque_fw-fr or_o stop_v as_o they_o will_v not_o recover_v for_o some_o year_n
nor_o indeed_o be_v ever_o so_o thrifty_a as_o before_o so_o that_o from_o that_o time_n to_o this_o we_o find_v all_o sort_n of_o timber_n grow_v scarce_a and_o dear_a and_o so_o it_o be_v likely_a still_o to_o continue_v it_o be_v well_o we_o be_v in_o good_a term_n with_o the_o northern_a crown_n but_o shall_v we_o once_o have_v a_o difference_n with_o they_o we_o may_v soon_o expect_v to_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n especial_o when_o the_o iron-work_n those_o great_a devourer_n of_o fuel_n shall_v multiply_v upon_o we_o to_o furnish_v the_o kingdom_n with_o such_o iron-provision_n and_o store_n as_o be_v now_o bring_v from_o thence_o and_o all_o but_o little_a enough_o to_o serve_v our_o occasion_n so_o that_o upon_o such_o a_o general_a slaughter_n or_o rather_o massacre_n of_o wood_n as_o will_v be_v make_v in_o such_o a_o conjuncture_n we_o can_v not_o but_o become_v a_o easy_a prey_n to_o a_o foreign_a invasion_n it_o behoove_v therefore_o our_o parliament_n more_o than_o ever_o to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o such_o practice_n as_o shall_v undue_o diminish_v the_o growth_n of_o such_o a_o necessary_a commodity_n as_o also_o to_o encourage_v the_o plant_n of_o it_o by_o some_o privilege_n and_o exemption_n and_o particular_o to_o encourage_v the_o plant_n of_o wood_n in_o such_o heath_n and_o barren_a ground_n as_o lie_v commodious_a to_o any_o navigable_a river_n or_o near_o such_o port_n and_o harbour_n to_o which_o our_o ship_n do_v most_o resort_n but_o of_o thing_n relate_v to_o this_o subject_n more_o at_o large_a when_o i_o shall_v hereafter_o discourse_v of_o the_o fuel_n of_o london_n chap._n viii_o of_o tree_n as_o they_o be_v useful_a in_o husbandry_n every_o husbandman_n or_o farmer_n though_o he_o be_v not_o master_n of_o a_o park_n or_o of_o fair_a wood_n aught_o to_o have_v his_o ground_n well_o store_v with_o such_o tree_n as_o may_v promote_v his_o husbandry_n such_o as_o elm_n oak_n and_o ash_n as_o likewise_o to_o be_v commodious_o furnish_v with_o aqualick_n or_o such_o as_o grow_v near_o the_o brook_n and_o water_n as_o sally_n withy_n and_o orles_n for_o these_o tree_n though_o of_o less_o bulk_n be_v very_o serviceable_a and_o first_o i_o begin_v with_o elm_n elm_n then_o as_o also_o poplar_n be_v cut_v at_o the_o butt_n do_v coppice_n or_o cast_v forth_o new_a shoot_v in_o great_a abundance_n so_o that_o so_o far_o as_o their_o root_n spread_v under_o ground_n they_o will_v sprout_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n like_o a_o little_a forest_n for_o there_o be_v no_o branch_n to_o draw_v the_o sap_n the_o root_n cast_v forth_o or_o discharge_v themselves_o of_o what_o may_v be_v spare_v from_o the_o main_a tree_n towards_o the_o raise_n a_o new_a offspring_n these_o young_a plant_n if_o preserve_v from_o the_o injury_n of_o cattle_n will_v grow_v considerable_o but_o not_o to_o substance_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a multitude_n the_o more_o therefore_o of_o these_o young_a sprouts_n be_v wed_v away_o the_o fair_a will_v be_v the_o remainder_n they_o be_v better_o therefore_o propagate_v this_o way_n than_o by_o transplantation_n though_o if_o transplant_v the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o mow_v grass_n or_o weed_n and_o lay_v they_o about_o the_o root_n which_o will_v keep_v the_o ground_n moist_a sweat_a and_o defend_v the_o root_n from_o the_o extremity_n of_o heat_n and_o cold_a if_o some_o stone_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o grass_n it_o be_v not_o amiss_o for_o they_o will_v keep_v the_o grass_n hollow_a and_o preserve_v it_o from_o wither_v and_o bake_v together_o the_o like_a help_n may_v be_v use_v to_o preserve_v fruit-tree_n or_o any_o other_o tree_n whatsoever_o elm_n in_o husbandry_n be_v useful_a for_o stock_n and_o valley_n for_o wheel_n for_o ox-bow_n as_o also_o for_o harrow_n this_o wood_n likewise_o be_v good_a in_o rail_n and_o gate_n if_o saw_v thin_a not_o be_v apt_a to_o rove_v like_o oak_n and_o be_v light_n will_v shut_v and_o open_v with_o more_o ease_n board_n of_o elm_n be_v good_a likewise_o for_o floor_n and_o door_n of_o room_n but_o not_o so_o good_a as_o oak_n because_o subject_a to_o swell_v and_o shrink_v upon_o alteration_n of_o wether_n the_o season_n of_o cut_v they_o be_v from_o allhallontide_n to_o candlemas_n but_o if_o cut_v in_o the_o summer_n let_v they_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o water_n for_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o year_n and_o that_o will_v fetch_v out_o the_o sap_n and_o preserve_v they_o from_o the_o worm_n a_o old_a barr-oak_n be_v cut_v at_o the_o butt_n will_v never_o coppice_n more_o but_o sapling_n or_o young_a timber_n will_v shoot_v from_o the_o butt_n but_o not_o sprout_v forth_o of_o the_o ground_n round_o about_o like_o elm_n and_o poplar_n oak_n therefore_o be_v best_a raise_v of_o acorn_n especial_o in_o large_a field_n for_o if_o acorn_n be_v set_v in_o a_o small_a quantity_n they_o will_v be_v in_o danger_n of_o be_v destroy_v by_o mole_n or_o field-mice_n who_o be_v of_o a_o strange_a quick_a 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