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ground_n william_n word_n work_v 17 3 7.3638 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A17832 Britain, or A chorographicall description of the most flourishing kingdomes, England, Scotland, and Ireland, and the ilands adjoyning, out of the depth of antiquitie beautified vvith mappes of the severall shires of England: vvritten first in Latine by William Camden Clarenceux K. of A. Translated newly into English by Philémon Holland Doctour in Physick: finally, revised, amended, and enlarged with sundry additions by the said author.; Britannia. English Camden, William, 1551-1623.; Holland, Philemon, 1552-1637. 1637 (1637) STC 4510.8; ESTC S115671 1,473,166 1,156

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town_n able_a to_o set_v out_o a_o great_a fleet_n of_o ship_n the_o inland_n part_n have_v rich_a and_o plenteous_a mine_n of_o tin_n for_o tin_n there_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o they_o wonderful_a store_n of_o tin_n yield_v exceed_v much_o profit_n and_o commodity_n where_o be_v make_v household_n pewter_n vessel_n which_o be_v use_v throughout_o many_o part_n of_o europe_n in_o service_n of_o the_o table_n and_o for_o their_o glitter_a brightness_n compare_v with_o silver_n plate_n the_o inhabitant_n do_v discover_v these_o mine_n by_o certain_a tinne-stone_n lie_v on_o the_o face_n of_o the_o ground_n which_o they_o call_v shoad_n be_v somewhat_o smooth_a and_o round_a of_o these_o mine_n or_o tinne-worke_n there_o be_v two_o kind_n the_o one_o they_o call_v lode-worke_n the_o other_o stream-worke_n this_o lie_v in_o low_a ground_n when_o by_o trench_v they_o follow_v the_o vein_n of_o tin_n and_o turn_v aside_o now_o and_o then_o the_o stream_n of_o water_n come_v in_o their_o way_n 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rule_n and_o precept_n to_o these_o tinne-worker_n but_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o english-saxons_a neglect_v it_o altogether_o or_o to_o have_v use_v the_o workmanship_n and_o labour_n of_o arabian_n or_o saracen_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o their_o language_n term_v the_o mine_n forlet_a and_o give_v over_o attal_n sarisin_n that_o be_v the_o leave_n of_o the_o saracen_n if_o they_o do_v mean_a by_o that_o name_n the_o ancient_a panim_n after_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n the_o earl_n of_o cornwall_n gather_v great_a riches_n out_o of_o these_o mine_n and_o especial_o richard_n brother_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o and_o no_o marvel_n since_o that_o in_o those_o day_n europe_n have_v tin_n from_o no_o other_o place_n for_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o moor_n have_v stop_v up_o the_o tin_n mine_n of_o spain_n and_o as_o for_o the_o tin_n vein_n in_o germany_n which_o be_v in_o misnia_n and_o bohemia_n they_o be_v not_o as_o yet_o know_v and_o those_o verily_a not_o 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call_v foy-more_a black-more_a trewarnaile_n and_o penwith_o over_o they_o all_o he_o ordain_v a_o warden_n call_v l._n warden_n of_o the_o stannier_n of_o stannum_fw-la that_o be_v tin_n who_o give_v judgement_n as_o well_o according_a to_o equity_n and_o conscience_n stannary_n as_o law_n and_o appoint_v to_o every_o quarter_n their_o steward_n who_o once_o every_o iij._o week_n every_o one_o in_o his_o several_a quarter_n minister_v justice_n in_o cause_n personal_a between_o tinner_n and_o tinner_n and_o between_o tinner_n and_o forrainer_n except_o in_o cause_n of_o land_n life_n or_o member_n from_o who_o there_o lie_v a_o appeal_n to_o the_o lord_n warden_n from_o he_o to_o the_o duke_n from_o the_o duke_n to_o the_o king_n in_o matter_n of_o moment_n there_o be_v by_o the_o warden_n general_a parliament_n or_o several_a assembly_n summon_v whereunto_o jurat_n be_v send_v out_o of_o every_o stannarie_a who_o constitution_n do_v bind_v they_o as_o for_o those_o that_o deal_v 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town_n where_o twice_o in_o the_o year_n it_o be_v weigh_v and_o sign_v with_o a_o stamp_n they_o call_v it_o coinage_n and_o the_o say_a impost_n according_a pay_v neither_o be_v it_o lawful_a for_o any_o man_n before_o that_o to_o sell_v or_o send_v it_o abroad_o under_o forfeiture_n of_o their_o tin_n and_o now_o only_a tin_n be_v here_o find_v but_o therewith_o also_o gold_n and_o silver_n yea_o and_o diamond_n shape_v and_o point_v anglewise_o smooth_v also_o by_o nature_n itself_o whereof_o some_o be_v as_o big_a as_o walnut_n and_o inferior_a to_o the_o orient_a diamond_n in_o blackness_n and_o hardness_n only_o moreover_o there_o be_v find_v eryngium_n that_o be_v diamond_n sea_n holly_n grow_v most_o abundant_o every_o where_o along_o the_o shore_n furthermore_o so_o plentiful_a be_v this_o country_n of_o grain_n although_o not_o without_o great_a toil_n of_o the_o husbandman_n that_o it_o have_v not_o only_o sufficient_a to_o maintain_v itself_o but_o also_o afford_v often_o 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difference_n semblable_o they_o do_v among_o we_o and_o begin_v first_o at_o edward_n the_o first_o his_o child_n but_o whither_o be_o i_o carry_v away_o from_o my_o purpose_a matter_n as_o forget_v myself_o in_o the_o delight_n i_o take_v of_o my_o own_o study_n and_o profession_n when_o cornwall_n be_v thus_o revert_v unto_o the_o crown_n king_n edward_n the_o second_o who_o have_v receive_v from_o his_o father_n fair_a land_n and_o possession_n here_o bestow_v the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o cornwall_n upon_o piers_n gaveston_n a_o gascon_n who_o have_v ensnare_v his_o youth_n by_o the_o allurement_n of_o corrupt_a life_n but_o when_o as_o he_o for_o corrupt_v the_o prince_n and_o for_o other_o heinous_a crime_n be_v by_o the_o noble_n intercept_v and_o behead_v there_o succeed_v he_o john_n of_o eltham_n a_o young_a son_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o advance_v thereto_o by_o his_o brother_n edward_n the_o three_o cornwall_n who_o die_v young_a and_o without_o issue_n also_o edward_n 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stannary_n matter_n in_o wrack_n at_o sea_n custom_n etc._n etc._n yea_o and_o divers_a minister_n or_o officer_n assign_v unto_o he_o for_o these_o and_o such_o like_a matter_n but_o more_o plain_o and_o full_o instruct_v be_v we_o in_o these_o point_n by_o richard_n carew_n of_o anthony_n a_o gentleman_n ennoble_v no_o less_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o parentage_n and_o descent_n than_o for_o his_o virtue_n and_o learning_n who_o have_v publish_v and_o perfect_v the_o description_n of_o this_o country_n more_o at_o large_a and_o not_o in_o a_o slight_a and_o mean_a manner_n who_o i_o must_v needs_o acknowledge_v to_o have_v give_v i_o much_o light_n herein_o there_o be_v in_o this_o county_n parish_n 161._o devoniae_fw-la comitatus_fw-la vulgo_fw-la den_n shire_n quam_fw-la olim_fw-la danmonii_n populi_n incoluerunt_fw-la denshire_n the_o near_o or_o hithermore_o region_n of_o the_o danmonians_n that_o i_o speak_v of_o be_v now_o common_o call_v denshire_n by_o the_o cornish-britaines_n devinan_n and_o by_o the_o welsh_a britain_n duffneint_a that_o be_v low_a valley_n for_o that_o the_o people_n dwell_v for_o the_o most_o part_n beneath_o in_o vale_n by_o the_o english_a saxon_n deven_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d whereof_o grow_v the_o latin_a name_n devonia_n and_o by_o that_o contraction_n which_o the_o vulgar_a people_n use_v denshire_n and_o not_o of_o the_o dane_n as_o some_o smatterer_n of_o mean_a knowledge_n most_o stiff_o maintain_v a_o country_n which_o as_o it_o extend_v itself_o both_o way_n wide_a than_o cornwall_n so_o be_v it_o harbourous_a on_o either_o side_n with_o more_o commodious_a havens_n no_o less_o enrich_v with_o tin_n mine_n especial_o westward_o garnish_v with_o pleasant_a meadow_n sightly_o with_o great_a store_n of_o wood_n and_o pass_v well_o replenish_v with_o town_n and_o building_n but_o the_o soil_n in_o some_o place_n again_o be_v as_o lean_v and_o barren_a which_o not_o withstand_v yield_v fruit_n to_o the_o 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will_v return_v back_o unto_o the_o northern_a which_o be_v hem_v in_o with_o the_o severne_n sea_n tamar_n which_o divide_v these_o two_o shire_n first_o on_o this_o part_n receive_v into_o it_o from_o the_o east_n a_o rivelet_n call_v lid_n which_o pass_v by_o coriton_n and_o k._n sidenham_n small_a townlet_n but_o which_o have_v give_v surname_n to_o ancient_a and_o worshipful_a family_n to_o lidstow_n a_o little_a mercate_z town_n and_o lidford_n now_o a_o small_a village_n but_o in_o ancient_a time_n a_o famous_a town_n which_o in_o the_o year_n 997._o be_v most_o grievous_o shake_v and_o despoil_v by_o the_o furious_a rage_n of_o the_o dane_n which_o as_o it_o be_v write_v in_o that_o book_n whereby_o william_n the_o first_o take_v the_o survey_n and_o value_n of_o england_n be_v not_o wont_a to_o be_v rate_v and_o asceased_a at_o any_o other_o time_n nor_o otherwise_o than_o london_n be_v that_o little_a river_n lid_n here_o at_o the_o bridge_n gather_v into_o a_o straight_a 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tichburne_n which_o i_o must_v not_o omit_v for_o that_o it_o have_v give_v name_n to_o a_o worshipful_a and_o ancient_a family_n upon_o the_o west_n bank_n of_o this_o river_n be_v situate_a the_o most_o famous_a city_n of_o the_o british_a belgian_n call_v by_o ptolomee_n and_o antoninus_n venta_n belgarum_n by_o the_o britain_n be_v of_o wales_n even_o at_o this_o day_n caer_n ggo_v by_o the_o saxon_n in_o old_a time_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a common_o wintonia_n and_o by_o we_o in_o these_o day_n of_o winchester_n yet_o there_o be_v some_o which_o affirm_v this_o to_o be_v venta_n simenorum_n and_o do_v grace_n bristol_n with_o the_o name_n of_o venta_n belgarum_n but_o that_o there_o be_v never_o any_o simeni_n at_o all_o in_o this_o island_n i_o will_v prove_v when_o i_o come_v to_o the_o iceni_n in_o the_o mean_a season_n though_o they_o shall_v seek_v all_o the_o town_n that_o antoninus_n place_v on_o every_o side_n in_o the_o way_n to_o or_o from_o venta_n belgarum_fw-la as_o narrow_o as_o emmot_n path_n yet_o shall_v they_o find_v nothing_o for_o their_o purpose_n to_o make_v good_a this_o their_o assertion_n the_o etymology_n of_o this_o name_n venta_n some_o fetch_n from_o ventus_fw-la that_o be_v wind_z other_o from_o vinum_fw-la that_o be_v wine_n and_o some_o again_o from_o wina_n a_o bishop_n who_o all_o of_o they_o be_v far_o wide_a and_o shall_v do_v well_o to_o pray_v for_o better_a judgement_n yet_o like_v i_o rather_o the_o opinion_n of_o leland_n who_o have_v derive_v it_o from_o the_o british_a word_n guin_n or_o guen_n that_o be_v white_a so_o that_o caer_fw-mi guin_n shall_v signify_v as_o much_o as_o the_o white_a city_n and_o why_o not_o see_v the_o old_a latin_n name_v these_o their_o city_n alba_n long_fw-mi and_o alba_n regius_fw-la of_o whiteness_n yea_o and_o the_o grecian_n also_o have_v their_o leuca_n leucas_n and_o other_o nation_n also_o many_o place_n take_v name_n of_o whiteness_n for_o this_o venta_n like_v 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and_o weave_v and_o right_a of_o his_o mind_n be_v guidus_fw-la pancirolus_n cynacium_fw-la who_o write_v that_o those_o gynaecia_n be_v institute_v for_o the_o weave_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o soldier_n garment_n of_o ship-saile_n of_o linen_n sheet_n or_o cover_v and_o such_o like_a clothes_n necessary_a for_o the_o furniture_n of_o mansion_n but_o wolfangus_n lazius_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o that_o the_o procurator_n aforesaid_a have_v the_o charge_n here_o of_o the_o emperor_n dog_n and_o to_o say_v truth_n of_o all_o the_o dog_n in_o europe_n we_o bear_v the_o name_n dog_n in_o so_o much_o as_o strabo_n witness_v our_o dog_n serve_v as_o soldier_n and_o the_o ancient_a gall_n make_v special_a use_n of_o they_o even_o in_o their_o war_n and_o of_o all_o other_o they_o be_v in_o most_o request_n both_o for_o those_o baiting_n in_o the_o amphitheatre_n and_o also_o in_o all_o
show_v but_o in_o these_o matter_n let_v ninnius_n clear_v his_o own_o credit_n for_o stuff_v he_o have_v that_o little_a book_n with_o many_o a_o pretty_a lie_n yet_o this_o i_o may_v be_v bold_a to_o affirm_v that_o it_o flourish_v in_o great_a honour_n about_o that_o time_n and_o i_o myself_o have_v light_v here_o upon_o very_o many_o piece_n of_o the_o coin_n of_o constantine_n the_o young_a son_n to_o constantine_n the_o great_a which_o in_o their_o reverse_n have_v the_o portrait_n of_o a_o house_n with_o this_o inscription_n providentia_fw-la caes._n now_o that_o this_o constantius_n who_o he_o make_v the_o builder_n of_o this_o city_n die_v at_o mopsuestia_n in_o cilicia_n honour_n and_o be_v inter_v in_o constantinople_n in_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o his_o ancestor_n it_o be_v know_v for_o certain_a and_o confess_v yet_o i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o he_o may_v have_v in_o this_o city_n a_o monument_n erect_v in_o honour_n and_o remembrance_n of_o he_o for_o many_o there_o be_v that_o have_v such_o monument_n build_v about_o which_o the_o soldier_n be_v wont_n yearly_a to_o just_a and_o keep_v solemn_a turneament_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o dead_a when_o the_o decline_a roman_a empire_n hasten_v to_o a_o end_n and_o barbarous_a nation_n begin_v every_o where_o to_o waste_v and_o spoil_v the_o province_n their_o army_n here_o in_o britain_n fear_v lest_o the_o flame_n of_o this_o fire_n wherewith_o their_o next_o neighbour_n in_o france_n be_v consume_v will_v catch_v hold_n of_o they_o set_v up_o and_o create_v emperor_n to_o themselves_o first_o marcus_n than_o gratian_n who_o they_o soon_o slay_v and_o last_o of_o all_o in_o the_o year_n after_o christ_n birth_n 407_o name_n our_o constantine_n for_o his_o name_n sake_n they_o force_v wild_a he_o nild_v he_o to_o usurp_v the_o empire_n and_o to_o put_v on_o the_o imperial_a purple_a robe_n in_o the_o city_n caer_fw-mi segont_n as_o both_o ninnius_n and_o gervase_n of_o canterbury_n do_v witness_n this_o constantine_n put_v to_o sea_n out_o of_o britain_n land_v at_o bononia_n bologne_n in_o france_n and_o draw_v all_o the_o roman_a army_n even_o as_o far_o as_o the_o alps_n to_o side_n and_o join_v with_o he_o in_o his_o war_n he_o stout_o defend_v valentia_n in_o france_n against_o the_o power_n of_o honorius_n the_o emperor_n the_o river_n rhine_n which_o long_o before_o have_v be_v neglect_v he_o fortify_v with_o a_o garrison_n upon_o the_o alps_n where_o any_o passage_n be_v he_o build_v fortress_n in_o spain_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o his_o son_n constans_n who_o of_o a_o monk_n he_o have_v declare_v emperor_n he_o war_v fortunate_o and_o afterward_o have_v send_v his_o letter_n unto_o honorius_n and_o crave_v pardon_n for_o suffer_v the_o soldier_n to_o put_v upon_o he_o the_o purple_a perforce_o whether_o he_o will_v or_o no_o he_o accept_v at_o his_o hand_n the_o imperial_a investure_n which_o he_o free_o give_v he_o whereupon_o be_v puff_v up_o with_o pride_n after_o he_o have_v pass_v the_o alps_n his_o mind_n be_v whole_o set_v upon_o a_o journey_n to_o rome_n but_o hear_v that_o alaricus_n the_o gothe_n who_o have_v favour_v his_o part_n be_v dead_a he_o return_v to_o arles_n where_o he_o settle_v his_o imperial_a seat_n cause_v the_o city_n to_o be_v call_v constantina_n and_o command_v the_o court_n and_o assembly_n of_o seven_o province_n there_o to_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n gerontius_n excite_v the_o soldier_n against_o their_o lord_n and_o when_o he_o have_v treacherous_o slay_v his_o son_n constans_n at_o vienna_n in_o france_n besiege_v constantine_n also_o himself_o within_o arles_n but_o after_o that_o one_o constantius_n send_v by_o honorius_n with_o a_o great_a army_n make_v head_n against_o he_o gerontius_n kill_v himself_o and_o constantine_n be_v now_o streit_o besiege_v and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o unhappy_a success_n of_o his_o man_n past_o all_o hope_n lay_v aside_o the_o purple_a and_o his_o 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give_v increase_v to_o another_o town_n of_o the_o same_o name_n whereof_o the_o great_a part_n also_o be_v drown_v and_o make_v even_o with_o the_o sea_n be_v no_o more_o to_o be_v see_v and_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o haven_n by_o reason_n of_o bank_n and_o bar_n of_o sand_n cast_v up_o at_o the_o river_n mouth_n quite_o go_v whereas_o in_o forego_v time_n it_o be_v wont_a to_o carry_v ship_n with_o full_a sail_n as_o far_o as_o to_o brember_v which_o be_v a_o good_a way_n from_o the_o sea_n this_o brember_n be_v a_o castle_n sometime_o of_o the_o breose_n for_o king_n william_n the_o first_o give_v it_o unto_o william_n de_fw-fr breose_n from_o who_o those_o breose_n be_v descend_v who_o be_v lord_n of_o gower_n and_o brechnok_n and_o from_o they_o also_o both_o in_o this_o county_n and_o in_o leicestershire_n be_v come_v the_o family_n of_o the_o shirley_n knight_n but_o now_o in_o stead_n of_o a_o castle_n there_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o heap_n of_o rubble_n and_o ruin_n 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medway_n branch_a itself_o into_o five_o streamlet_n be_v join_v with_o as_o many_o stone_n bridges_n and_o thereof_o give_v the_o name_n of_o tunbridge_n to_o the_o town_n there_o situate_a as_o the_o town_n of_o bridges_n this_o about_o king_n william_n rufus_n his_o time_n richard_n son_n of_o count_n gilbert_n tunbridge_n grandchild_n to_o godfrey_n earl_n of_o ewe_n &_o lord_n of_o briony_n obtain_v in_o requital_n for_o briony_n in_o normandy_n when_o there_o have_v be_v long_a debate_n about_o briony_n this_o richard_n as_o william_n gemeticensis_n write_v in_o recompense_n for_o the_o same_o castle_n receive_v in_o england_n the_o town_n of_o tunbridge_n for_o it_o and_o the_o report_n go_v that_o the_o tunbridge_n lowy_n of_o briony_n be_v measure_v round_o about_o with_o a_o line_n and_o with_o the_o same_o line_n bring_v into_o england_n he_o receive_v so_o much_o ground_n measure_v out_o at_o tunbridge_n short_o after_o he_o build_v here_o a_o fair_a large_a castle_n fence_v with_o the_o river_n a_o deep_a ditch_n and_o strong_a wall_n and_o albeit_o it_o be_v now_o ruinous_a and_o 〈◊〉_d keep_v attire_v with_o ivy_n *_o yet_o it_o manifest_o show_v what_o it_o be_v his_o posterity_n who_o be_v earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o surname_v de_n clare_n for_o that_o they_o be_v lord_n of_o clare_n in_o suffolk_n build_v here_o a_o priory_n for_o canon_n of_o saint_n augustine_n order_n found_v the_o parish_n church_n which_o be_v impropriate_v to_o the_o knight_n of_o saint_n john_n of_o jerusalem_n and_o compound_v about_o the_o tenure_n of_o the_o manor_n for_o which_o there_o have_v be_v long_a suit_n to_o hold_v it_o of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n by_o knight_n fee_n and_o to_o be_v their_o high_a steward_n at_o their_o inthronization_n from_o these_o clares_z earl_n of_o gloucester_n it_o come_v by_o a_o heir_n general_a to_o sir_n hugh_n audley_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o
this_o hubert_n be_v a_o man_n who_o unfeigned_o love_v his_o country_n &_o amid_o the_o storm_n of_o frown_a fortune_n perform_v all_o duty_n to_o the_o utmost_a that_o his_o country_n can_v require_v of_o a_o right_n good_a patriot_n yet_o at_o length_n he_o fall_v in_o disgrace_n and_o be_v despoil_v of_o his_o dignity_n whereby_o this_o title_n sleep_v and_o lie_v as_o dead_a until_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o who_o bestow_v it_o upon_o his_o young_a brother_n edmund_n of_o woodstock_n 2._o who_o be_v tutor_n of_o his_o nephew_n edward_n the_o three_o fall_v into_o the_o tempest_n of_o false_a injurious_a and_o malignant_a envy_n be_v behead_v for_o that_o he_o never_o dissemble_v his_o natural_a brotherly_a affection_n towards_o his_o brother_n depose_v and_o go_v about_o when_o he_o be_v god_n wot_v murder_v before_o not_o know_v so_o much_o to_o enlarge_v he_o out_o of_o prison_n persuade_v thereunto_o by_o such_o as_o covert_o practise_v his_o 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the_o same_o bishop_n
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etc._n etc._n also_o of_o the_o earldom_n of_o ponthieu_n whereof_o she_o be_v heir_n and_o where_o sometime_o there_o have_v be_v a_o fourd_v the_o river_n ous●_n have_v a_o stone_n bridge_n over_o it_o which_o keep_v in_o the_o river_n that_o be_v wont_a when_o it_o swell_v with_o winter_n flood_n to_o break_v out_o and_o overflow_v the_o field_n with_o great_a violence_n but_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o other_o side_n which_o rise_v somewhat_o high_o the_o town_n sometime_o stand_v as_o the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o report_v and_o there_o hard_a by_o be_v pasham_n a_o place_n so_o call_v of_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n so_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v in_o time_n past_a to_o have_v be_v that_o passage_n which_o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a keep_v against_o the_o dane_n while_o he_o fortify_v torcester_n but_o this_o passage_n or_o ferry_n become_v quite_o forlet_a after_o that_o the_o bridge_n be_v build_v at_o stony-stratford_n now_o if_o i_o shall_v guess_v that_o 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the_o year_n 1164._o afterwards_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o that_o famous_a richard_n strangbow_n earl_n of_o pembroch_o call_v conqueror_n of_o ireland_n who_o derive_v his_o descent_n from_o the_o sister_n and_o heir_n of_o walter_n giffard_n the_o second_o in_o certain_a public_a instrument_n bear_v this_o title_n then_o for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o lay_v this_o title_n as_o it_o be_v out_o of_o use_n and_o quite_o lose_v until_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 1377._o king_n richard_n the_o second_o confer_v this_o honour_n upon_o his_o uncle_n thomas_n of_o woodstock_n of_o who_o i_o have_v already_o speak_v among_o the_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n of_o this_o thamas_n his_o daughter_n marry_v unto_o edmund_n earl_n of_o stafford_n be_v bear_v humphrey_n earl_n of_o stafford_n create_v duke_n of_o buckingham_n with_o a_o invidious_a precedence_n before_o all_o duke_n of_o england_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o in_o who_o quarrel_n he_o spend_v his_o life_n fight_v most_o valiant_o in_o the_o battle_n at_o northampton_n after_o he_o succeed_v his_o grandchild_n henry_n by_o his_o son_n humphrey_n who_o make_v way_n for_o king_n richard_n the_o three_o the_o usurper_n unto_o the_o kingdom_n and_o streightwaies_o practise_v to_o depose_v he_o for_o that_o he_o will_v not_o restore_v unto_o he_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o bohun_v by_o hereditary_a right_n belong_v unto_o he_o but_o he_o be_v intercept_v lose_v his_o head_n for_o it_o and_o find_v but_o all_o too_o late_a that_o tyrant_n very_o often_o hew_v down_o the_o stair_n and_o step_n whereby_o they_o ascend_v his_o son_n edward_n be_v restore_v again_o through_o special_a favour_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o by_o the_o wicked_a slight_n and_o practice_n of_o cardinal_n wolsey_n fall_v into_o disgrace_n with_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o and_o be_v condemn_v of_o high_a treason_n
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of_o the_o same_o name_n bitham_n not_o far_o from_o the_o ruin_n of_o bitham_n castle_n which_o as_o we_o find_v in_o a_o old_a pedigree_n king_n william_n the_o first_o give_v to_o stephen_n earl_n of_o albemarle_n and_o holdernesse_n that_o he_o may_v from_o thence_o have_v wherewith_o to_o feed_v his_o son_n as_o yet_o a_o little_a infant_n with_o fine_a wheat_n bread_n consider_v that_o in_o holdernesse_n they_o do_v eat_v in_o those_o day_n oaten_a bread_n only_o although_o they_o use_v now_o such_o kind_n of_o bread_n little_a or_o nothing_o at_o all_o paris_z but_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o when_o william_n de_fw-fr fortibus_fw-la earl_n of_o aumarle_n rebellious_o keep_v this_o castle_n and_o thence_o forage_v and_o waste_v the_o country_n about_o it_o it_o be_v lay_v well_o near_o even_o with_o the_o ground_n afterwards_o this_o be_v the_o capital_a seat_n colvill_n as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o barony_n of_o the_o colvil_n who_o along_o time_n 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crococalana_n which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v name_v ancaster_n ancaster_n and_o be_v no_o more_o but_o a_o long_a street_n through_o which_o the_o highway_n pass_v whereof_o the_o one_o part_v not_o long_o since_o belong_v to_o the_o vesey_n the_o other_o to_o the_o cromwell_n at_o the_o entry_n into_o it_o on_o the_o south_n part_n we_o see_v a_o rampire_n with_o a_o ditch_n and_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o aforetime_o it_o have_v be_v a_o castle_n like_v as_o on_o the_o other_o side_n westward_o be_v to_o be_v see_v a_o certain_a summer_n stand_v camp_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o it_o may_v seem_v that_o it_o take_v a_o british_a name_n from_o the_o situation_n thereof_o for_o it_o lie_v under_o a_o hill_n and_o cruc-maur_a in_o british_a signify_v a_o great_a hill_n like_v as_o cruc-occhidient_a a_o mount_n in_o the_o west_n as_o we_o read_v in_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la and_o ninnius_n but_o what_o shall_v be_v the_o meaning_n of_o that_o calana_n let_v other_o look_v the_o 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dike_n enter_v into_o trent_n stand_v torksey_n in_o the_o saxon_a language_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o little_a town_n and_o in_o these_o day_n of_o small_a account_n but_o in_o ancient_a time_n very_o famous_a book_n for_o before_o the_o norman_n come_v in_o as_o we_o find_v in_o that_o book_n wherein_o king_n william_n the_o first_o set_v down_o his_o survey_n of_o england_n there_o be_v number_v in_o it_o two_o hundred_o burgess_n who_o enjoy_v many_o privilege_n on_o this_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v transport_v the_o king_n ambassador_n whensoever_o they_o come_v this_o way_n in_o their_o own_o barge_n along_o the_o trent_n and_o conduct_v they_o as_o far_o as_o york_n but_o where_o this_o dike_n join_v to_o witham_n there_o be_v the_o principal_a city_n of_o this_o shire_n place_v which_o ptolomee_n and_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n call_v lindum_n the_o britan_n lindcoit_n hill_n of_o the_o wood_n for_o which_o we_o find_v it_o elsewhere_o write_v amiss_o luitcoit_a bede_n linde-collinum_a and_o line_v collina_n civitas_n whether_o it_o be_v of_o the_o situation_n upon_o a_o hill_n or_o because_o it_o have_v be_v a_o colony_n i_o be_o not_o able_a to_o avouch_v the_o saxon_n term_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o norman_n most_o corrupt_o nichol_n we_o lincoln_n and_o the_o latin_a writer_n lincolnia_n whereupon_o alexander_n necham_n in_o his_o book_n entitle_v divine_a wisdom_n write_v thus_o lindisiae_fw-la columen_fw-la lincolnia_n sive_fw-la columna_fw-la munificâ_fw-la foelix_fw-la gente_fw-la repleta_fw-la bonis_fw-la lincoln_n the_o stay_n or_o pillar_n sure_a of_o lindsey_n thou_o may_v be_v blessed_v for_o thy_o people_n bounteous_a and_o good_n that_o be_v in_o thou_o other_o will_v have_v it_o to_o take_v that_o name_n of_o the_o river_n witham_n which_o they_o say_v be_v call_v by_o a_o more_o ancient_a name_n lindis_n but_o they_o have_v no_o authority_n to_o warrant_v they_o neither_o be_o i_o of_o their_o judgement_n for_o necham_n be_v against_o it_o who_o four_o hundred_o year_n ago_o call_v the_o say_a river_n witham_n in_o this_o verse_n trenta_fw-la tibi_fw-la pisces_fw-la mittit_fw-la lincolnia_n sed_fw-la te_fw-la nec_fw-la dedigneris_fw-la withama_n parvus_fw-la adit_fw-la the_o trent_n unto_o thou_o send_v fish_n o_o lincoln_n well_o we_o see_v yet_o little_a witham_n scorn_v it_o not_o a_o riveret_n come_v to_o thou_o i_o for_o my_o part_n will_v rather_o derive_v it_o from_o the_o british_a word_n lhin_n which_o with_o the_o britan_n signify_v a_o lake_n for_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v of_o the_o citizen_n that_o witham_n below_o the_o city_n by_o swanpole_n be_v broad_a than_o now_o it_o be_v and_o yet_o be_v it_o at_o this_o day_n of_o a_o good_a breadth_n and_o to_o say_v nothing_o of_o lindaw_n in_o germany_n by_o the_o lake_n acronius_n and_o of_o linternum_n in_o italy_n stand_v by_o a_o lake_n i_o see_v
the_o long_a train_n and_o consequent_n of_o thing_n as_o also_o whatsoever_o throughout_o the_o world_n have_v be_v do_v by_o all_o person_n in_o all_o place_n and_o at_o all_o time_n and_o what_o ever_o have_v be_v all_o do_v may_v also_o be_v avoid_v and_o take_v heed_n of_o which_o city_n have_v four_o gate_n from_o the_o four_o cardinal_a wind_n on_o the_o east_n side_n have_v a_o prospect_n towards_o india_n on_o the_o west_n towards_o ireland_n northeastward_a the_o great_a norway_n and_o southward_o that_o straight_o and_o narrow_a angle_n which_o divine_a severity_n by_o reason_n of_o civil_a and_o home-discord_n have_v leave_v unto_o the_o britan_n which_o long_o since_o by_o their_o bitter_a variance_n have_v cause_v the_o name_n of_o britain_n to_o be_v change_v into_o the_o name_n of_o england_n over_o and_o beside_o chester_n have_v by_o god_n gift_n a_o river_n to_o enrich_v and_o adorn_v it_o the_o same_o fair_a and_o fishfull_a hard_a by_o the_o city_n wall_n and_o on_o the_o south_n side_n a_o road_n and_o harbour_n for_o ship_n come_v from_o gascon_a spain_n and_o germany_n which_o with_o the_o help_n and_o direction_n of_o christ_n by_o the_o labour_n and_o wisdom_n of_o merchant_n repair_n and_o refresh_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o city_n with_o many_o good_a thing_n that_o we_o be_v comfort_v every_o way_n by_o our_o god_n grace_n may_v also_o drink_v wine_n often_o more_o frank_o and_o plenteous_o because_o those_o country_n enjoy_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o vineyard_n abundant_o moreover_o the_o open_a sea_n cease_v not_o to_o visit_v it_o every_o day_n with_o a_o tide_n which_o according_a as_o the_o broad_a shelf_n and_o bar_n of_o sand_n be_v open_v or_o hide_v by_o tide_n and_o ebb_n incessant_o be_v wont_n more_o or_o less_o either_o to_o send_v or_o exchange_v one_o thing_n or_o other_o and_o by_o his_o reciprocal_a flow_n and_o return_n either_o to_o bring_v in_o or_o to_o carry_v out_o somewhat_o from_o the_o city_n northwestward_a 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who_o fetch_v their_o pedigree_n from_o alane_n silvestre_n upon_o who_o ranulph_n the_o first_o of_o that_o name_n earl_n of_o chester_n confer_v the_o bailly-wick_n of_o the_o forest_n of_o wirall_n by_o deliver_v unto_o he_o a_o horn_n close_o unto_o this_o be_v poole_n from_o whence_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o place_n that_o have_v a_o long_a time_n flourish_v take_v their_o name_n and_o hard_o by_o it_o stanlaw_n as_o the_o monk_n of_o that_o place_n interpret_v it_o be_v a_o stony_a hill_n where_o john_n lacie_n connestable_a of_o chester_n found_v a_o little_a monastery_n which_o afterward_o by_o reason_n of_o inundation_n be_v translate_v to_o whaley_n in_o lancashire_n 1173._o in_o the_o utmost_a brink_n of_o this_o promontory_n lie_v a_o small_a hungry_a barren_a and_o sandy_a isle_n il-bre_a call_v il-bre_a which_o have_v sometime_o a_o little_a cell_n of_o monk_n in_o it_o more_o within_o the_o country_n and_o eastward_o from_o wirall_n you_o meet_v with_o a_o famous_a forest_n name_v the_o forest_n of_o delamere_n the_o forester_n whereof_o by_o hereditary_a succ●ssion_n be_v the_o dawn_v of_o vtkimon_n descend_v of_o a_o worshipful_a stock_n from_o ranulph_n de_fw-fr kingleigh_n unto_o who_o ranulph_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o chester_n give_v that_o forestership_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o right_a of_o inheritance_n in_o this_o forest_n aedelfle_v the_o famous_a mercian_n lady_n build_v a_o little_a city_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v by_o interpretation_n happy_a town_n which_o now_o have_v quite_o lose_v itself_o have_v likewise_o lose_v that_o name_n and_o be_v but_o a_o heap_n of_o rubbish_n and_o rammell_n which_o they_o call_v the_o chamber_n in_o the_o forest._n and_o about_o a_o mile_n or_o two_o from_o hence_o be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o ruin_n of_o finborrow_n finborrow_n another_o town_n build_v by_o the_o same_o lady_n aedelfle_v through_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o this_o forest_n the_o river_n wever_n run_v which_o arise_v out_o of_o a_o pool_n in_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o shire_n at_o ridly_n ridly_n the_o dwell_a house_n of_o the_o worshipful_a family_n of_o the_o egerton_n who_o flower_v out_o of_o the_o baron_n of_o melpas_n as_o i_o have_v say_v near_o hereunto_o be_v bunbury_n contract_o so_o call_v for_o boniface_n bury_n for_o saint_n boniface_n be_v the_o patron_n saint_n there_o where_o the_o egertous_a build_v a_o college_n for_o priest_n over_o against_o which_o be_v beeston_n which_o give_v surname_n to_o a_o ancient_a family_n and_o where_o upon_o a_o steep_a rise_a hill_n beeston_n beeston_n castle_n tower_v aloft_o with_o a_o turretted_a wall_n of_o a_o great_a circuit_n this_o castle_n the_o last_o ranulph_n earl_n of_o chester_n build_v whereof_o leland_n our_o countryman_n be_v rapt_v both_o with_o a_o poetical_a and_o prophetical_a fury_n write_v thus_o assyrio_fw-la rediens_fw-la victor_n ranulphus_fw-la ab_fw-la orbe_fw-la hoc_fw-la posuit_fw-la castrum_n terrorem_fw-la gentibus_fw-la olim_fw-la vic●uis_fw-la patriaeque_fw-la suae_fw-la memorabile_fw-la vallum_fw-la nunc_fw-la licet_fw-la indignas_fw-la patiatur_fw-la fracta_fw-la ruinas_fw-la tempus_fw-la erit_fw-la quando_fw-la rursus_fw-la caput_fw-la exeret_fw-la altum_fw-la vatibus_fw-la antiquis_fw-la si_fw-la fas_fw-la mihi_fw-la credere_fw-la vati_fw-la when_o ranulph_n from_o assyria_n return_v with_o victory_n as_o well_o the_o neighbour_n nation_n to_o curb_v and_o terrify_v as_o for_o to_o sense_n his_o own_o country_n this_o famous_a fort_n he_o raise_v whilom_o a_o stately_a thing_n but_o now_o the_o pride_n thereof_o be_v raze_v and_o yet_o though_o at_o this_o present_a time_n it_o be_v in_o mean_a estate_n with_o crack_n and_o breach_n much_o deface_v and_o foul_o ruinate_v the_o day_n will_v come_v when_o it_o again_o the_o head_n aloft_o shall_v heave_v if_o ancient_a prophet_n i_o myself_o a_o prophet_n may_v believe_v but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o river_n wever_n first_o hold_v his_o course_n southward_o not_o far_o from_o woodhay_n woodhay_n where_o dwell_v a_o long_a time_n that_o family_n of_o the_o wilburhams_n knight_n in_o great_a reputation_n bulkley_n also_o by_o bulkeley_n and_o cholmondley_n which_o impart_v their_o name_n to_o worshipful_a house_n of_o knight_n degree_n not_o far_o off_o on_o the_o one_o hand_n from_o baddeley_n the_o habitation_n in_o time_n pass_v of_o the_o ancient_a family_n de_fw-fr praerijs_fw-la of_o the_o other_o from_o cumbermer_n in_o which_o william_n malbedeng_v found_v a_o little_a religious_a house_n 1134._o where_o this_o river_n come_v to_o the_o south_n limit_n of_o this_o shire_n it_o pass_v through_o low_a place_n wherein_o as_o also_o elsewhere_o ground_n the_o people_n find_v oftentimes_o and_o get_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n tree_n that_o have_v lie_v bury_v as_o it_o be_v think_v there_o ever_o since_o noah_n flood_n but_o afterward_o water_v fruitful_a field_n he_o take_v to_o he_o out_o of_o the_o east_n a_o riveret_n by_o which_o stand_v wibbenbury_n so_o call_v of_o wibba_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n hard_o to_o it_o lie_v hatherton_n the_o seat_n in_o old_a time_n of_o the_o orbetes_n then_o of_o the_o corbetts_n but_o now_o of_o the_o smith_n dodinton_n the_o possession_n of_o the_o delvesy_n batherton_n of_o the_o griphin_n shavinton_n of_o the_o wodenoth_n who_o by_o that_o name_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v descend_v from_o the_o english_a saxon_n beside_o the_o place_n of_o other_o famous_a family_n wherewith_o this_o county_n every_o where_o abound_v from_o thence_o run_v wever_n down_o by_o nant-wich_a saltpit_n not_o far_o from_o middlewich_n and_o so_o to_o northwich_n these_o be_v very_o famous_a salt-wiches_a five_o or_o six_o mile_n distant_a asunder_o where_o brine_n or_o salt_n water_n be_v draw_v out_o of_o pit_n which_o they_o pour_v not_o upon_o wood_n while_o it_o burn_v as_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n and_o german_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v but_o boil_v over_o the_o
the_o catalogue_n of_o martyr_n have_v a_o church_n here_o build_v and_o dedicate_v unto_o he_o by_o milfrid_n a_o petty_a k._n of_o the_o country_n wherein_o when_o a_o bishop_n see_v be_v establish_v it_o grow_v to_o great_a wealth_n first_o through_o the_o devout_a liberality_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o then_o of_o the_o west_n saxon_n king_n for_o they_o at_o length_n be_v possess_v of_o this_o city_n as_o may_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n where_o he_o write_v that_o athelistan_n the_o west_n saxon_n bring_v the_o lord_n of_o wales_n in_o this_o city_n of_o so_o hard_o pass_v that_o by_o way_n of_o tribute_n they_o be_v to_o pay_v every_o year_n beside_o hound_n and_o hawk_n twenty_o pound_n of_o gold_n and_o three_o hundred_o pound_n of_o silver_n by_o weight_n this_o city_n as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v read_v have_v never_o any_o misfortune_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1055._o wherein_o gruffith_n prince_n of_o south_n wales_n 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to_o recover_v the_o holy_a land_n that_o part_n of_o this_o country_n which_o lie_v beyond_o the_o haven_n and_o have_v only_o these_o two_o river_n to_o water_v it_o the_o britan_n do_v call_v ros_n make_v the_o name_n answerable_a to_o the_o thing_n for_o that_o it_o lie_v for_o the_o most_o part_n all_o low_a on_o a_o flat_a and_o green_a plain_n wales_n this_o tract_n be_v inhabit_v by_o flemings_n out_o of_o the_o low_a country_n who_o by_o the_o permission_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o be_v plant_v here_o when_o the_o ocean_n by_o make_v breach_n in_o the_o bank_n have_v overwhelm_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o say_v low_a country_n these_o be_v distinct_o know_v still_o from_o the_o welsh_a both_o by_o their_o speech_n and_o manner_n and_o so_o near_o join_v they_o be_v in_o society_n of_o the_o same_o language_n with_o englishman_n who_o come_v nigh_a of_o any_o nation_n to_o the_o low_a dutch_a tongue_n that_o this_o their_o little_a country_n be_v term_v by_o the_o 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bishop_n translate_v the_o archiepiscopall_a see_v from_o isca_n legionum_fw-la into_o the_o most_o remote_a and_o far_a angle_n hereof_o even_o to_o menew_v or_o menevia_n which_o afterward_o the_o britan_n of_o his_o name_n call_v twy_n dewy_n that_o be_v devi_n his_o house_n the_o saxon_n davy_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d david_n the_o english_a man_n at_o this_o day_n saint_n david_n and_o be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n a_o archbishop_n see_n but_o by_o occasion_n of_o a_o pestilence_n that_o contagious_o rage_v in_o this_o country_n whereby_o the_o pall_n be_v translate_v into_o little_a britain_n in_o france_n to_o dole_n this_o archiepiscopall_a dignity_n have_v a_o end_n yet_o in_o the_o forego_n age_n the_o welsh_a man_n commense_v a_o action_n here_o about_o against_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n metropolitan_a of_o england_n and_o wales_n but_o they_o be_v cast_v in_o the_o law_n what_o this_o saint_n david_n be_v and_o what_o manner_n of_o thing_n in_o time_n 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where_o these_o river_n meet_v and_o where_o there_o stand_v a_o few_o small_a cottage_n which_o of_o the_o first_o bridge_n make_v over_o ure_n they_o call_v baintbrig_n there_o lay_v in_o old_a time_n a_o garrison_n of_o the_o roman_n whereof_o the_o very_a relic_n be_v at_o this_o day_n remain_v for_o on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n which_o of_o a_o fort_n or_o burge_n they_o now_o call_v burgh_n appear_v the_o ground_n work_v of_o a_o ancient_a hold_n contain_v about_o five_o acre_n of_o ground_n in_o compass_n and_o beneath_o it_o eastward_o many_o token_n of_o some_o old_a habitation_n and_o dwell_a place_n where_o among_o many_o other_o sign_n of_o roman_a antiquity_n i_o have_v see_v of_o late_a this_o fragment_n of_o a_o antique_a inscription_n in_o a_o very_a fair_a letter_n with_o winge_a victory_n support_v the_o same_o imp_n caes._n l._n septimio_n pio_n pertinaci_fw-la augu_n imp_v caesari_n m._n aurelio_n apio_fw-la felici_fw-la augusto_fw-la out_o bracchio_n caementicium_fw-la vi_o never_o viorum_fw-la sub_fw-la curala_n senecinon_n amplissimio_n peril_n vispius_n praelegio_fw-la bracchium_n by_o this_o we_o may_v guess_v that_o the_o say_v hold_v at_o burgh_n be_v in_o time_n past_o name_v bracchium_n which_o before_o time_n have_v be_v make_v of_o turf_n but_o now_o build_v with_o stone_n and_o the_o same_o lay_v with_o good_a mortar_n also_o that_o the_o six_o cohort_n of_o the_o nervian_o lay_v there_o in_o garrison_n who_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v have_v also_o their_o place_n of_o summer_n abide_v in_o that_o high_a hill_n hard_a by_o fence_a with_o a_o bank_n and_o trench_n about_o it_o which_o now_o they_o term_v ethelbury_n and_o not_o long_o since_o there_o be_v dig_v up_o the_o statue_n of_o aurelius_n commodus_n the_o emperor_n commodus_n who_o as_o lampridius_n write_v be_v surname_v by_o his_o flatter_a
have_v be_v discover_v lie_v along_o so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v think_v when_o the_o ground_n lie_v neglect_v and_o the_o channel_n be_v not_o skour_v in_o those_o open_a and_o flat_a valley_n for_o riveret_n and_o brook_n to_o pass_v away_o but_o the_o water-lade_n stop_v up_o either_o through_o negligence_n or_o depopulation_n that_o then_o all_o the_o ground_n that_o lie_v low_a than_o other_o become_v such_o boggy_a plot_n come_v as_o we_o call_v mosses_n or_o else_o stand_v mere_a which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a we_o need_v not_o marvel_v that_o so_o many_o tree_n in_o the_o like_a place_n every_o where_o throughout_o england_n but_o in_o this_o shire_n especial_o lie_v overwhelm_v and_o as_o it_o be_v bury_v for_o when_o their_o root_n be_v loosen_v through_o over_o much_o moisture_n the_o tree_n can_v not_o choose_v but_o fall_n and_o in_o such_o soft_a ground_n sink_v and_o be_v quite_o swallow_v up_o they_o that_o dwell_v thereabouts_o assay_n and_o try_v with_o pole_n and_o 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other_o fat_a benefice_n of_o england_n of_o great_a name_n in_o the_o upmost_a part_n of_o the_o church_n whereof_o be_v read_v these_o rude_a verse_n engrave_v in_o a_o old_a character_n concern_v king_n oswald_n hic_fw-la locus_fw-la oswalde_v quondam_a placuit_fw-la tibi_fw-la valde_fw-la northanhumbrorum_fw-la fuer_n as_o rex_fw-la nuncque_fw-la polorum_fw-la regna_fw-la tenes_fw-fr loco_fw-la passus_fw-la marcelde_n vocato_fw-la this_o place_n sometime_o thou_o please_v well_o oswald_z king_n thou_o have_v be_v once_o of_o northumberland_n thou_o suffer_v in_o a_o place_n marcelde_v call_v thy_o kingdom_n now_o be_v heaven_n that_o aye_o do_v stand_v from_o warrington_n the_o river_n m●rsey_n spread_v abroad_o and_o straightway_o draw_v in_o himself_o again_o with_o a_o wide_a and_o open_a outlet_n very_o commodious_a for_o merchandise_n enter_v into_o the_o irish_a sea_n where_o litherpoole_n call_v in_o the_o elder_a age_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d common_o liverpool_n be_v seat_v so_o name_v as_o it_o be_v think_v of_o the_o water_n spread_v itself_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o pool_n whence_o there_o be_v a_o convenient_a passage_n over_o into_o ireland_n and_o much_o frequent_v and_o in_o that_o respect_n more_o notorious_a than_o for_o any_o antiquity_n for_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n extant_a thereof_o any_o where_o in_o ancient_a writer_n but_o that_o roger_n of_o poitiers_n who_o be_v lord_n as_o they_o speak_v in_o those_o day_n of_o the_o honour_n of_o lancaster_n build_v a_o castle_n here_o whereof_o the_o worthy_a family_n of_o the_o molineaux_n knight_n have_v have_v the_o custody_n now_o a_o long_a time_n who_o chief_a seat_n be_v hard_a by_o at_o sefion_n which_o the_o say_a roger_n of_o poitiers_n give_v unto_o vivian_n de_fw-fr molineaux_n short_o after_o the_o first_o entry_n of_o the_o norman_n for_o all_o that_o territory_n between_o the_o two_o rivers_n ribel_n and_o mersey_n the_o same_o roger_n hold_v as_o appear_v evident_o by_o the_o 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pour_v forth_o into_o it_o a_o mighty_a mass_n of_o water_n have_v not_o yet_o forget_v what_o ado_n it_o have_v to_o pass_v away_o struggle_v and_o wrestle_v as_o it_o do_v among_o the_o carcase_n of_o free-butter_n lie_v dead_a in_o it_o on_o heap_n in_o the_o year_n of_o salvation_n 1216._o when_o it_o swallow_v they_o up_o load_v with_o booty_n out_o of_o england_n and_o so_o bury_v that_o rabble_n of_o robber_n under_o his_o wave_n this_o river_n eden_n when_o it_o be_v enter_v into_o this_o shire_n receive_v from_o the_o west_n the_o river_n eimot_n flow_v out_o of_o ulse_n a_o great_a lake_n heretofore_o mention_v near_o unto_o the_o bank_n whereof_o dacre_n hard_a by_o the_o riveret_n dacor_fw-mi stand_v dacre_n castle_n of_o signal_n note_n for_o that_o it_o have_v give_v surname_n to_o the_o honourable_a family_n of_o the_o baron_n dacre_n and_o mention_v ancient_o by_o bede_n for_o that_o it_o have_v a_o monastery_n in_o those_o day_n as_o also_o by_o william_n of_o 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another_o which_o they_o call_v castle-steed_n and_o more_o within_o little_a fence_a town_n term_v in_o these_o day_n chester_n the_o plot_n or_o ground_n work_v whereof_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o some_o place_n four_o square_a also_o turret_n stand_v between_o these_o wherein_o soldier_n be_v place_v may_v discover_v the_o enemy_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o set_v upon_o they_o wherein_o also_o the_o areani_fw-la may_v have_v their_o station_n who_o the_o foresay_a theodosius_n after_o they_o be_v convict_v of_o falsehood_n displace_v and_o remove_v from_o their_o station_n 28._o these_o areani_fw-la as_o marcellinus_n say_v be_v a_o kind_n of_o man_n ordain_v in_o old_a time_n who_o office_n it_o be_v to_o run_v a_o great_a way_n too_o and_o fro_o from_o place_n to_o place_n to_o intimate_v or_o give_v intelligence_n unto_o our_o leader_n what_o stir_v and_o noise_n there_o be_v abroad_o among_o the_o neighbour_n nation_n so_o that_o the_o first_o founder_n of_o this_o wall_n may_v 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lawyer_n speak_v that_o be_v that_o they_o shall_v give_v knowledge_n unto_o their_o neighbour_n of_o the_o enemy_n approach_v by_o wind_v of_o a_o horn_n which_o some_o think_v have_v the_o first_o original_n from_o a_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o also_o be_v bind_v to_o go_v by_o the_o king_n precept_n in_o the_o army_n and_o service_n for_o scotland_n these_o be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o record_n as_o they_o march_v forth_o in_o the_o vantward_a as_o they_o return_v home_o in_o the_o rearward_n but_o that_o i_o may_v follow_v the_o tract_n of_o this_o wall_n more_o direct_o in_o particular_a it_o begin_v at_o the_o irish_a sea_n hard_o by_o blatum_n bulgium_n or_o bulnesse_n and_o go_v on_o along_o the_o side_n of_o solway_n frith_n and_o so_o by_o burgh_n upon_o sand_n unto_o lugu-vallum_a or_o carlisle_n
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call_v knight_n of_o the_o rhodes_n and_o now_o of_o malt._n templar_n templar_n lord_n of_o s._n john_n charterhouse_n barbacan_a gal●ottus_n martius_n london_n bridge_n see_v of_o southwark_n in_o suthrey_n saint_n saviour_n suffolkehouse_n s._n thomas_n hospital_n stew_n band-dogge_n or_o mastiff_n society_n or_o company_n of_o citizen_n ●●ibus_fw-la ward_n ward_n or_o portgrave_n praetor_n or_o major_n 1411._o 1405._o the_o burse_n 1567._o royal_a exchange_n grehams_n college_n guicciardin_n guicciardin_n orpheus_n harp_n a_o star_n star_n or_o beyond_o radcliffe_n isle_n of_o dog_n edmonton_n waltham_n crosse._n enfield_n chase._n waltham_n forest._n waltham_n abbey_n baron_fw-fr deny_v copthall_n durolitum_n berking_n rode_a the_o river_n the_o book_n of_o ely_n chipping_n anger_n libre_fw-la inq._n de_fw-fr ripariu_n *_o marsh_n holes_n cut_v out_o in_o kent_n pag._n 334._o tilbury_n convennos_fw-la th●_n isle_n canvey_n beamfleot_fw-la s._n shobery_n anno_fw-la 894._o 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book_n cap._n 16._o john_n forden_n in_o scotocronico_fw-la l._n 8._o c._n 3.6_o &_o 39_o mat._n paris_n 1243._o *_o see_v duke_n of_o excester_n pa●_n 26._o h._n 6._o utopia_n of_o sir_n thomas_n more_o barony_n of_o the_o pinkeney_n parliament_n 27._o h._n 6._o 7._o edw._n 4._o constable_n of_o england_n sacy_n forest._n foresta_n de_fw-fr salceto_n fine_n 18._o rich._n 2._o bannavenna_n which_o untrue_o be_v call_v isannaventa_n and_o isanavatia_n althorp_n or_o oldthorp_n baron_fw-fr spenser_n sir_n christopher_n hatton_n he_o die_v anno_o 1591._o northampton_n 1075._o register_n of_o saint_n andrew_n andrew_n de_fw-fr pratis_n god_n host_n or_o army_n *_o yardley_n lord_n parr_n of_o horton_n kettering_n the_o book_n of_o inquisit_a in_o